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2669531 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmic%20neutrino%20background | Cosmic neutrino background | The cosmic neutrino background (CNB or CB) is the universe's background particle radiation composed of neutrinos. They are sometimes known as relic neutrinos.
The CB is a relic of the Big Bang; while the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) dates from when the universe was 379,000 years old, the CB decoupled (s... | Physical sciences | Physical cosmology | Astronomy |
2674010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt%20metathesis%20reaction | Salt metathesis reaction | A salt metathesis reaction is a chemical process involving the exchange of bonds between two reacting chemical species which results in the creation of products with similar or identical bonding affiliations. This reaction is represented by the general scheme:
AB + CD -> AD + CB
Typical examples are the reactions be... | Physical sciences | Other reactions | Chemistry |
3628220 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrannosauroidea | Tyrannosauroidea | Tyrannosauroidea (meaning 'tyrant lizard forms') is a superfamily (or clade) of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaurs that includes the family Tyrannosauridae as well as more basal relatives. Tyrannosauroids lived on the Laurasian supercontinent beginning in the Jurassic Period. By the end of the Cretaceous Period, tyranno... | Biology and health sciences | Theropods | Animals |
3628996 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stethacanthus | Stethacanthus | Stethacanthus is an extinct genus of shark-like cartilaginous fish which lived from the Late Devonian to Late Carboniferous epoch, dying out around 298.9 million years ago. Fossils have been found in Australia, Asia, Europe and North America.
Etymology
Stethacanthus comes from the Greek στῆθος (stēthos), meaning "che... | Biology and health sciences | Prehistoric chondrichthyans | Animals |
498255 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldol%20condensation | Aldol condensation | An aldol condensation is a condensation reaction in organic chemistry in which two carbonyl moieties (of aldehydes or ketones) react to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone (an aldol reaction), and this is then followed by dehydration to give a conjugated enone.
The overall reaction equation is as follows (wher... | Physical sciences | Organic reactions | Chemistry |
498427 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooting%20method | Shooting method | In numerical analysis, the shooting method is a method for solving a boundary value problem by reducing it to an initial value problem. It involves finding solutions to the initial value problem for different initial conditions until one finds the solution that also satisfies the boundary conditions of the boundary val... | Mathematics | Differential equations | null |
498773 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzalkonium%20chloride | Benzalkonium chloride | Benzalkonium chloride (BZK, BKC, BAK, BAC), also known as alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (ADBAC) and by the trade name Zephiran, is a type of cationic surfactant. It is an organic salt classified as a quaternary ammonium compound. ADBACs have three main categories of use: as a biocide, a cationic surfactant, and ... | Physical sciences | Organic salts | Chemistry |
499294 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflatable%20boat | Inflatable boat | An inflatable boat is a lightweight boat constructed with its sides and bow made of flexible tubes containing pressurised gas. For smaller boats, the floor and hull are often flexible, while for boats longer than , the floor typically consists of three to five rigid plywood or aluminium sheets fixed between the tubes, ... | Technology | Naval transport | null |
499429 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%27Alembert%27s%20principle | D'Alembert's principle | D'Alembert's principle, also known as the Lagrange–d'Alembert principle, is a statement of the fundamental classical laws of motion. It is named after its discoverer, the French physicist and mathematician Jean le Rond d'Alembert, and Italian-French mathematician Joseph Louis Lagrange. D'Alembert's principle generalize... | Physical sciences | Classical mechanics | Physics |
499532 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc%20sulfate | Zinc sulfate | Zinc sulfate is an inorganic compound with the formula ZnSO4. It forms hydrates ZnSO4·nH2O, where n can range from 0 to 7. All are colorless solids. The most common form includes water of crystallization as the heptahydrate, with the formula . As early as the 16th century it was prepared on a large scale, and was histo... | Physical sciences | Sulfuric oxyanions | Chemistry |
499660 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhesive%20bandage | Adhesive bandage | An adhesive bandage, also called a sticking plaster, sticky plaster, medical plaster, or simply plaster in British English, is a small medical dressing used for injuries not serious enough to require a full-size bandage. They are also known by the genericized trademarks of Band-Aid (as "band-aid" or "band aid" in Austr... | Technology | Equipment | null |
500338 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outrigger | Outrigger | An outrigger is a projecting structure on a boat, with specific meaning depending on types of vessel. Outriggers may also refer to legs on a wheeled vehicle that are folded out when it needs stabilization, for example on a crane that lifts heavy loads.
Powered vessels and sailboats
An outrigger describes any contrapo... | Technology | Naval transport | null |
500475 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypotension | Hypotension | Hypotension, also known as low blood pressure, is a cardiovascular condition characterized by abnormally reduced blood pressure. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps out blood and is indicated by two numbers, the systolic blood pressure (the top number) and t... | Biology and health sciences | Cardiovascular disease | Health |
501058 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jarosite | Jarosite | Jarosite is a basic hydrous sulfate of potassium and ferric iron (Fe-III) with a chemical formula of KFe3(SO4)2(OH)6. This sulfate mineral is formed in ore deposits by the oxidation of iron sulfides. Jarosite is often produced as a byproduct during the purification and refining of zinc and is also commonly associated w... | Physical sciences | Minerals | Earth science |
501176 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swallowtail%20butterfly | Swallowtail butterfly | Swallowtail butterflies are large, colorful butterflies in the family Papilionidae, and include over 550 species. Though the majority are tropical, members of the family inhabit every continent except Antarctica. The family includes the largest butterflies in the world, the birdwing butterflies of the genus Ornithopter... | Biology and health sciences | Lepidoptera | null |
501188 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucus | Mucus | Mucus (, ) is a slippery aqueous secretion produced by, and covering, mucous membranes. It is typically produced from cells found in mucous glands, although it may also originate from mixed glands, which contain both serous and mucous cells. It is a viscous colloid containing inorganic salts, antimicrobial enzymes (suc... | Biology and health sciences | Exocrine system | Biology |
501250 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naproxen | Naproxen | Naproxen, sold under the brand name Aleve among others, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat pain, menstrual cramps, and inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout and fever. It is taken orally. It is available in immediate and delayed release formulations. Onset of effects is wi... | Biology and health sciences | Pain treatments | Health |
501478 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stable | Stable | A stable is a building in which livestock, especially horses, are kept. It most commonly means a building that is divided into separate stalls for individual animals and livestock. There are many different types of stables in use today; the American-style barn, for instance, is a large barn with a door at each end and... | Technology | Buildings and infrastructure | null |
501723 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takifugu | Takifugu | Takifugu, also known by the Japanese name , is a genus of pufferfish with 25 species, most of which are native to salt and brackish waters of the northwest Pacific, but a few species are found in freshwater in Asia or more widely in the Indo-Pacific region. Their diet consists mostly of algae, molluscs, invertebrates a... | Biology and health sciences | Acanthomorpha | Animals |
501780 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quoll | Quoll | Quolls (; genus Dasyurus) are carnivorous marsupials native to Australia and New Guinea. They are primarily nocturnal, and spend most of the day in a den. Of the six species of quoll, four are found in Australia and two in New Guinea. Another two species are known from fossil remains in Pliocene and Pleistocene deposit... | Biology and health sciences | Marsupials | Animals |
501921 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rinderpest | Rinderpest | Rinderpest (also cattle plague or steppe murrain) was an infectious viral disease of cattle, domestic water buffalo, and many other species of even-toed ungulates, including gaurs, buffaloes, large antelope, deer, giraffes, wildebeests, and warthogs. The disease was characterized by fever, oral erosions, diarrhea, lymp... | Biology and health sciences | Viral diseases | Health |
501973 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemostasis | Hemostasis | In biology, hemostasis or haemostasis is a process to prevent and stop bleeding, meaning to keep blood within a damaged blood vessel (the opposite of hemostasis is hemorrhage). It is the first stage of wound healing. Hemostasis involves three major steps:
vasoconstriction
temporary blockage of a hole in a damaged bl... | Biology and health sciences | Basics | Biology |
19908550 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion | Diffusion | Diffusion is the net movement of anything (for example, atoms, ions, molecules, energy) generally from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. Diffusion is driven by a gradient in Gibbs free energy or chemical potential. It is possible to diffuse "uphill" from a region of lower concentratio... | Physical sciences | Fluid mechanics | null |
8404649 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure%E2%80%93volume%20diagram | Pressure–volume diagram | A pressure–volume diagram (or PV diagram, or volume–pressure loop) is used to describe corresponding changes in volume and pressure in a system. They are commonly used in thermodynamics, cardiovascular physiology, and respiratory physiology.
PV diagrams, originally called indicator diagrams, were developed in the 18th... | Physical sciences | Thermodynamics | Physics |
8406655 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction%20to%20genetics | Introduction to genetics | Genetics is the study of genes and tries to explain what they are and how they work. Genes are how living organisms inherit features or traits from their ancestors; for example, children usually look like their parents because they have inherited their parents' genes. Genetics tries to identify which traits are inherit... | Biology and health sciences | Genetics | Biology |
8412074 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid%E2%80%93base%20homeostasis | Acid–base homeostasis | Acid–base homeostasis is the homeostatic regulation of the pH of the body's extracellular fluid (ECF). The proper balance between the acids and bases (i.e. the pH) in the ECF is crucial for the normal physiology of the body—and for cellular metabolism. The pH of the intracellular fluid and the extracellular fluid need ... | Biology and health sciences | Basics | Biology |
13062770 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosphere%20of%20Uranus | Atmosphere of Uranus | The atmosphere of Uranus is composed primarily of hydrogen and helium. At depth, it is significantly enriched in volatiles (dubbed "ices") such as water, ammonia, and methane. The opposite is true for the upper atmosphere, which contains very few gases heavier than hydrogen and helium due to its low temperature. Uranus... | Physical sciences | Solar System | Astronomy |
1303134 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethyl%20acetate | Ethyl acetate | Ethyl acetate (systematically ethyl ethanoate, commonly abbreviated EtOAc, ETAC or EA) is the organic compound with the formula , simplified to . This flammable, colorless liquid has a characteristic sweet smell (similar to pear drops) and is used in glues, nail polish removers, and the decaffeination process of tea an... | Physical sciences | Esters and ethers | Chemistry |
1305071 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge%20%28graph%20theory%29 | Bridge (graph theory) | In graph theory, a bridge, isthmus, cut-edge, or cut arc is an edge of a graph whose deletion increases the graph's number of connected components. Equivalently, an edge is a bridge if and only if it is not contained in any cycle. For a connected graph, a bridge can uniquely determine a cut. A graph is said to be bridg... | Mathematics | Graph theory | null |
1305947 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D%20printing | 3D printing | 3D printing, or additive manufacturing, is the construction of a three-dimensional object from a CAD model or a digital 3D model. It can be done in a variety of processes in which material is deposited, joined or solidified under computer control, with the material being added together (such as plastics, liquids or pow... | Technology | Industry: General | null |
1306157 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launch%20vehicle | Launch vehicle | A launch vehicle is typically a rocket-powered vehicle designed to carry a payload (a crewed spacecraft or satellites) from Earth's surface or lower atmosphere to outer space. The most common form is the ballistic missile-shaped multistage rocket, but the term is more general and also encompasses vehicles like the Spac... | Technology | Basics_10 | null |
1306608 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triceps | Triceps | The triceps, or triceps brachii (Latin for "three-headed muscle of the arm"), is a large muscle on the back of the upper limb of many vertebrates. It consists of three parts: the medial, lateral, and long head. It is the muscle principally responsible for extension of the elbow joint (straightening of the arm).
Struct... | Biology and health sciences | Human anatomy | Health |
1306907 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American%20mink | American mink | The American mink (Neogale vison) is a semiaquatic species of mustelid native to North America, though human introduction has expanded its range to many parts of Europe, Asia, and South America. Because of range expansion, the American mink is classed as a least-concern species by the IUCN. The American mink was former... | Biology and health sciences | Mustelidae | Animals |
19916559 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic%20nucleus | Atomic nucleus | The atomic nucleus is the small, dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom, discovered in 1911 by Ernest Rutherford based on the 1909 Geiger–Marsden gold foil experiment. After the discovery of the neutron in 1932, models for a nucleus composed of protons and neutrons were quickly develo... | Physical sciences | Nuclear physics | null |
19916594 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetic%20acid | Acetic acid | Acetic acid , systematically named ethanoic acid , is an acidic, colourless liquid and organic compound with the chemical formula (also written as , , or ). Vinegar is at least 4% acetic acid by volume, making acetic acid the main component of vinegar apart from water. It has been used, as a component of vinegar, thro... | Physical sciences | Carbon–oxygen bond | null |
19916613 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radical%20%28chemistry%29 | Radical (chemistry) | In chemistry, a radical, also known as a free radical, is an atom, molecule, or ion that has at least one unpaired valence electron.
With some exceptions, these unpaired electrons make radicals highly chemically reactive. Many radicals spontaneously dimerize. Most organic radicals have short lifetimes.
A notable examp... | Physical sciences | Chemical reactions | null |
19916615 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron%20shell | Electron shell | In chemistry and atomic physics, an electron shell may be thought of as an orbit that electrons follow around an atom's nucleus. The closest shell to the nucleus is called the "1 shell" (also called the "K shell"), followed by the "2 shell" (or "L shell"), then the "3 shell" (or "M shell"), and so on further and furthe... | Physical sciences | Atomic physics | null |
19916686 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrochloric%20acid | Hydrochloric acid | Hydrochloric acid, also known as muriatic acid or spirits of salt, is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl). It is a colorless solution with a distinctive pungent smell. It is classified as a strong acid. It is a component of the gastric acid in the digestive systems of most animal species, including humans. H... | Physical sciences | Inorganic compounds | null |
6436318 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul%20Metro | Istanbul Metro | The Istanbul Metro () is a rapid transit railway network that serves the city of Istanbul, Turkey. Apart from the M11 line, which is operated by TCDD Taşımacılık, the system is operated by Metro Istanbul, a public enterprise controlled by the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. The oldest section of the metro is the M1... | Technology | Europe_2 | null |
1929534 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar%20neutrino | Solar neutrino | A solar neutrino is a neutrino originating from nuclear fusion in the Sun's core, and is the most common type of neutrino passing through any source observed on Earth at any particular moment. Neutrinos are elementary particles with extremely small rest mass and a neutral electric charge. They only interact with matter... | Physical sciences | Solar System | Astronomy |
1930277 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empusidae | Empusidae | Empusidae is a family of plant-mimicking mantises (see Mantodea), consisting of 10 genera, in two subfamilies. Unlike many other mantis families, the Empusidae are a monophyletic lineage. Empusidae mantises are ambush predators, with mouthparts adapted to feeding on other insects and small animals. The majority of Empu... | Biology and health sciences | Insects: General | Animals |
1930814 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen%20iodide | Hydrogen iodide | Hydrogen iodide (HI) is a diatomic molecule and hydrogen halide. Aqueous solutions of HI are known as hydroiodic acid or hydriodic acid, a strong acid. Hydrogen iodide and hydroiodic acid are, however, different in that the former is a gas under standard conditions, whereas the other is an aqueous solution of the gas. ... | Physical sciences | Hydrogen compounds | Chemistry |
1932067 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenland%20shark | Greenland shark | The Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus), also known as the gurry shark or grey shark, is a large shark of the family Somniosidae ("sleeper sharks"), closely related to the Pacific and southern sleeper sharks. Inhabiting the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, they are notable for their exceptional longevity, althou... | Biology and health sciences | Sharks | Animals |
1932886 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salp | Salp | A salp (: salps, also known colloquially as “sea grape”) or salpa (: salpae or salpas) is a barrel-shaped, planktonic tunicate in the family Salpidae. It moves by contracting, thereby pumping water through its gelatinous body; it is one of the most efficient examples of jet propulsion in the animal kingdom. The salp st... | Biology and health sciences | Chordata (except vertebrates) | Animals |
24027000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Properties%20of%20water | Properties of water | Water () is a polar inorganic compound that is at room temperature a tasteless and odorless liquid, which is nearly colorless apart from an inherent hint of blue. It is by far the most studied chemical compound and is described as the "universal solvent" and the "solvent of life". It is the most abundant substance on t... | Physical sciences | Inorganic compounds | null |
2676138 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stabilizer%20%28aeronautics%29 | Stabilizer (aeronautics) | An aircraft stabilizer is an aerodynamic surface, typically including one or more movable control surfaces, that provides longitudinal (pitch) and/or directional (yaw) stability and control. A stabilizer can feature a fixed or adjustable structure on which any movable control surfaces are hinged, or it can itself be a... | Technology | Aircraft components | null |
2676271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canid%20hybrid | Canid hybrid | Canid hybrids are the result of interbreeding between the species of the subfamily Caninae.
Genetic considerations
The wolf-like canids are a group of large carnivores that are genetically closely related because they all possess 78 chromosomes, arranged in 39 pairs and are karyologically indistinguishable from each o... | Biology and health sciences | Hybrids | Animals |
2679362 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative%20impedance%20converter | Negative impedance converter | The negative impedance converter (NIC) is an active circuit which injects energy into circuits in contrast to an ordinary load that consumes energy from them. This is achieved by adding or subtracting excessive varying voltage in series to the voltage drop across an equivalent positive impedance. This reverses the volt... | Technology | Functional circuits | null |
4920126 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python%20%28genus%29 | Python (genus) | Python is a genus of constricting snakes in the Pythonidae family native to the tropics and subtropics of the Eastern Hemisphere.
The name python was proposed by François Marie Daudin in 1803 for non-venomous flecked snakes.
Currently, 10 python species are recognized as valid taxa.
Three formerly considered python s... | Biology and health sciences | Snakes | Animals |
4920788 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia | Borrelia | Borrelia is a genus of bacteria of the spirochete phylum. Several species cause Lyme disease, also called Lyme borreliosis, a zoonotic, vector-borne disease transmitted by ticks. Other species of Borrelia cause relapsing fever, and are transmitted by ticks or lice, depending on the species of bacteria. A few Borrelia s... | Biology and health sciences | Spirochaetes | Plants |
4923690 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body%20hair | Body hair | Body hair or androgenic hair is terminal hair that develops on the human body during and after puberty. It is different from head hair and also from less visible vellus hair, which is much finer and lighter in colour. Growth of androgenic hair is related to the level of androgens (male hormones) and the density of andr... | Biology and health sciences | Integumentary system | Biology |
4924787 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adansonia%20digitata | Adansonia digitata | Adansonia digitata, the African baobab, is the most widespread tree species of the genus Adansonia, the baobabs, and is native to the African continent and the southern Arabian Peninsula (Yemen, Oman). These are long-lived pachycauls; radiocarbon dating has shown some individuals to be over 2,000 years old. They are ty... | Biology and health sciences | Malvales | Plants |
4926056 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insect%20wing | Insect wing | Insect wings are adult outgrowths of the insect exoskeleton that enable insects to fly. They are found on the second and third thoracic segments (the mesothorax and metathorax), and the two pairs are often referred to as the forewings and hindwings, respectively, though a few insects lack hindwings, even rudiments. Th... | Biology and health sciences | External anatomy and regions of the body | Biology |
27265528 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microplastics | Microplastics | Microplastics are fragments of any type of plastic less than in length, according to the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the European Chemicals Agency. US EPA researchers define microplastics, or MPs, as plastic particles ranging in size from 5 millimeters (mm), which is about the size ... | Technology | Materials | null |
8416361 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanitary%20engineering | Sanitary engineering | Sanitary engineering, also known as public health engineering or wastewater engineering, is the application of engineering methods to improve sanitation of human communities, primarily by providing the removal and disposal of human waste, and in addition to the supply of safe potable water. Traditionally a branch of ci... | Technology | Disciplines | null |
8417064 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational%20medicine | Occupational medicine | Occupational and Environmental Medicine (OEM), previously called industrial medicine, is a board certified medical specialty under the American Board of Preventative Medicine that specializes in the prevention and treatment of work-related illnesses and injuries.
OEM physicians are trained in both clinical medicine an... | Biology and health sciences | Fields of medicine | Health |
8421646 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-end%20spinning | Open-end spinning | Open-end spinning is a technology for creating yarn without using a spindle. It was invented and developed in Czechoslovakia in Výzkumný ústav bavlnářský / Cotton Research Institute in Ústí nad Orlicí in 1963.
Method
It is also known as break spinning or rotor spinning. The principle behind open-end spinning is simil... | Technology | Spinning | null |
138214 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five%20lemma | Five lemma | In mathematics, especially homological algebra and other applications of abelian category theory, the five lemma is an important and widely used lemma about commutative diagrams.
The five lemma is not only valid for abelian categories but also works in the category of groups, for example.
The five lemma can be thought... | Mathematics | Category theory | null |
138301 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwarfism | Dwarfism | Dwarfism is a condition of people and animals marked by unusually small size or short stature. In humans, it is sometimes defined as an adult height of less than , regardless of sex; the average adult height among people with dwarfism is . Disproportionate dwarfism is characterized by either short limbs or a short tor... | Biology and health sciences | Disabilities | Health |
138484 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commutative%20diagram | Commutative diagram | In mathematics, and especially in category theory, a commutative diagram is a diagram such that all directed paths in the diagram with the same start and endpoints lead to the same result. It is said that commutative diagrams play the role in category theory that equations play in algebra.
Description
A commutative di... | Mathematics | Category theory | null |
19918814 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landscape%20photography | Landscape photography | Landscape photography (often shortened to landscape photos) shows the spaces within the world, sometimes vast and unending, but other times microscopic. Landscape photographs typically capture the presence of nature but can also focus on human-made features or disturbances of landscapes. Landscape photography is done f... | Technology | Photography | null |
19926944 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hills%20cloud | Hills cloud | In astronomy, the Hills cloud (also called the inner Oort cloud and inner cloud) is a theoretical vast circumstellar disc, interior to the Oort cloud, whose outer border would be located at around 20,000 to 30,000 astronomical units (AU) from the Sun, and whose inner border, less well defined, is hypothetically located... | Physical sciences | Solar System | Astronomy |
3635265 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brontosaurus | Brontosaurus | Brontosaurus (; meaning "thunder lizard" from the Greek words , "thunder" and , "lizard") is a genus of herbivorous sauropod dinosaur that lived in present-day United States during the Late Jurassic period. It was described by American paleontologist Othniel Charles Marsh in 1879, the type species being dubbed B. exc... | Biology and health sciences | Sauropods | Animals |
3636124 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common%20wheat | Common wheat | Common wheat (Triticum aestivum), also known as bread wheat, is a cultivated wheat species. About 95% of wheat produced worldwide is common wheat; it is the most widely grown of all crops and the cereal with the highest monetary yield.
Taxonomy
Numerous forms of wheat have evolved under human selection. This diversit... | Biology and health sciences | Poales | null |
13065889 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combat%20helmet | Combat helmet | A combat helmet or battle helmet is a type of helmet designed to serve as a piece of personal armor intended to protect the wearer's head during combat. Modern combat helmets are mainly designed to protect from shrapnel and fragments, offer some protection against small arms, and offer a mounting point for devices such... | Technology | Armour | null |
13068017 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surveyor%27s%20wheel | Surveyor's wheel | A surveyor's wheel, also called a clickwheel, hodometer, waywiser, trundle wheel, measuring wheel or perambulator is a device for measuring distance.
Origin
The origins of the surveyor's wheel are connected to the origins of the odometer. While the latter is derived to measure distances travelled by a vehicle, the ... | Technology | Surveying tools | null |
13069246 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosphere%20of%20Mercury | Atmosphere of Mercury | Mercury, being the closest to the Sun, with a weak magnetic field and the smallest mass of the recognized terrestrial planets, has a very tenuous and highly variable atmosphere (surface-bound exosphere) containing hydrogen, helium, oxygen, sodium, calcium, potassium and water vapor, with a combined pressure level of ab... | Physical sciences | Solar System | Astronomy |
290749 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conch | Conch | Conch ( , ) is a common name of a number of different medium-to-large-sized sea snails. Conch shells typically have a high spire and a noticeable siphonal canal (in other words, the shell comes to a noticeable point on both ends).
Conches that are sometimes referred to as "true conches" are marine gastropods in the f... | Biology and health sciences | Mollusks | null |
290842 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obsessive%E2%80%93compulsive%20personality%20disorder | Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder | Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) is a cluster C personality disorder marked by a spectrum of obsessions with rules, lists, schedules, and order, among other things. Symptoms are usually present by the time a person reaches adulthood, and are visible in a variety of situations. The cause of OCPD is thoug... | Biology and health sciences | Mental disorders | Health |
291114 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parathyroid%20gland | Parathyroid gland | Parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands in the neck of humans and other tetrapods. Humans usually have four parathyroid glands, located on the back of the thyroid gland in variable locations. The parathyroid gland produces and secretes parathyroid hormone in response to low blood calcium, which plays a key role i... | Biology and health sciences | Endocrine system | Biology |
291122 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazelnut | Hazelnut | The hazelnut is the fruit of the hazel tree and therefore includes any of the nuts deriving from species of the genus Corylus, especially the nuts of the species Corylus avellana. They are also known as cobnuts or filberts according to species.
Hazelnuts are used as a snack food, in baking and desserts, and in breakfa... | Biology and health sciences | Fagales | null |
291164 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nymphalidae | Nymphalidae | The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belonging to the superfamily Papilionoidea, they are usually medium-sized to large butterflies. Most species have a reduced pair of forelegs and many hold their colourful wings flat when resting... | Biology and health sciences | Lepidoptera | Animals |
291169 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-chain%20compound | Open-chain compound | In chemistry, an open-chain compound (or open chain compound) or acyclic compound (Greek prefix α 'without' and κύκλος 'cycle') is a compound with a linear structure, rather than a cyclic one.
An open-chain compound having no side groups is called a straight-chain compound (also spelled as straight chain compound). Man... | Physical sciences | Substance | Chemistry |
291328 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing%20Capital%20International%20Airport | Beijing Capital International Airport | Beijing Capital International Airport is the busiest of the two international airports serving Beijing, the capital city of China (the other one being Beijing Daxing International Airport). The airport is located northeast of downtown Beijing, in an exclave of Chaoyang and the surroundings of that exclave in suburban... | Technology | Asia | null |
291453 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renormalization | Renormalization | Renormalization is a collection of techniques in quantum field theory, statistical field theory, and the theory of self-similar geometric structures, that are used to treat infinities arising in calculated quantities by altering values of these quantities to compensate for effects of their self-interactions. But even i... | Physical sciences | Physics basics: General | Physics |
291692 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truffle | Truffle | A truffle is the fruiting body of a subterranean ascomycete fungus, one of the species of the genus Tuber. More than one hundred other genera of fungi are classified as truffles including Geopora, Peziza, Choiromyces, and Leucangium. These genera belong to the class Pezizomycetes and the Pezizales order. Several truffl... | Biology and health sciences | Edible fungi | null |
291838 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catheter | Catheter | In medicine, a catheter ( ) is a thin tube made from medical grade materials serving a broad range of functions. Catheters are medical devices that can be inserted in the body to treat diseases or perform a surgical procedure. Catheters are manufactured for specific applications, such as cardiovascular, urological, gas... | Technology | Devices | null |
291912 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction%20to%20gauge%20theory | Introduction to gauge theory | A gauge theory is a type of theory in physics. The word gauge means a measurement, a thickness, an in-between distance (as in railroad tracks), or a resulting number of units per certain parameter (a number of loops in an inch of fabric or a number of lead balls in a pound of ammunition). Modern theories describe physi... | Physical sciences | Physics basics: General | Physics |
291913 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European%20polecat | European polecat | The European polecat (Mustela putorius), also known as the common polecat, black polecat and forest polecat, is a mustelid species native to Europe, Western Asia and North Africa. It is of a generally dark brown colour, with a pale underbelly and a dark mask across the face. Occasionally, colour mutations including alb... | Biology and health sciences | Mustelidae | Animals |
291928 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operator%20%28physics%29 | Operator (physics) | An operator is a function over a space of physical states onto another space of states. The simplest example of the utility of operators is the study of symmetry (which makes the concept of a group useful in this context). Because of this, they are useful tools in classical mechanics. Operators are even more important ... | Physical sciences | Quantum mechanics | Physics |
292032 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food%20storage | Food storage | Food storage is a way of decreasing the variability of the food supply in the face of natural, inevitable variability. It allows food to be eaten for some time (typically weeks to months) after harvest rather than solely immediately. It is both a traditional domestic skill (mainly as root cellaring) and, in the form of... | Technology | Food, water and health | null |
292211 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mud | Mud | Mud (probably , or Middle Dutch) is loam, silt or clay mixed with water. It is usually formed after rainfall or near water sources. Ancient mud deposits hardened over geological time to form sedimentary rock such as shale or mudstone (generally called lutites). When geological deposits of mud are formed in estuaries, t... | Physical sciences | Sedimentology | Earth science |
292340 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavonoid | Flavonoid | Flavonoids (or bioflavonoids; from the Latin word flavus, meaning yellow, their color in nature) are a class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites found in plants, and thus commonly consumed in the diets of humans.
Chemically, flavonoids have the general structure of a 15-carbon skeleton, which consists of two phenyl ... | Physical sciences | Polyphenols | Chemistry |
292347 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthocyanidin | Anthocyanidin | Anthocyanidins are common plant pigments, the aglycones of anthocyanins. They are based on the flavylium cation, an oxonium ion, with various groups substituted for its hydrogen atoms. They generally change color from red through purple, blue, and bluish green as a function of pH.
Anthocyanidins are an important sub... | Physical sciences | Polyphenols | Chemistry |
292371 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupa | Pupa | A pupa (; : pupae) is the life stage of some insects undergoing transformation between immature and mature stages. Insects that go through a pupal stage are holometabolous: they go through four distinct stages in their life cycle, the stages thereof being egg, larva, pupa, and imago. The processes of entering and compl... | Biology and health sciences | Animal ontogeny | null |
292381 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazil%20nut | Brazil nut | The Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) is a South American tree in the family Lecythidaceae, and it is also the name of the tree's commercially harvested edible seeds. It is one of the largest and longest-lived trees in the Amazon rainforest. The fruit and its nutshell – containing the edible Brazil nut – are relatively... | Biology and health sciences | Ericales | null |
292420 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emission%20spectrum | Emission spectrum | The emission spectrum of a chemical element or chemical compound is the spectrum of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation emitted due to electrons making a transition from a high energy state to a lower energy state. The photon energy of the emitted photons is equal to the energy difference between the two states. T... | Physical sciences | Molecular physics | Physics |
292444 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfide | Sulfide | Sulfide (also sulphide in British English) is an inorganic anion of sulfur with the chemical formula S2− or a compound containing one or more S2− ions. Solutions of sulfide salts are corrosive. Sulfide also refers to large families of inorganic and organic compounds, e.g. lead sulfide and dimethyl sulfide. Hydrogen su... | Physical sciences | Sulfide salts | Chemistry |
292506 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cube%20root | Cube root | In mathematics, a cube root of a number is a number that has the given number as its third power; that is The number of cube roots of a number depends on the number system that is considered.
Every nonzero real number has exactly one real cube root that is denoted and called the real cube root of or simply the c... | Mathematics | Specific functions | null |
292690 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian%20horse | Arabian horse | The Arabian or Arab horse ( , DMG al-ḥiṣān al-ʿarabī) is a breed of horse with historic roots on the Arabian Peninsula. With a distinctive head shape and high tail carriage, the Arabian is one of the most easily recognizable horse breeds in the world. It is also one of the oldest modern breeds. Although modern DNA cann... | Biology and health sciences | Horses | null |
292744 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ising%20model | Ising model | The Ising model (or Lenz–Ising model), named after the physicists Ernst Ising and Wilhelm Lenz, is a mathematical model of ferromagnetism in statistical mechanics. The model consists of discrete variables that represent magnetic dipole moments of atomic "spins" that can be in one of two states (+1 or −1). The spins are... | Physical sciences | Magnetostatics | Physics |
292941 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyethylene%20terephthalate | Polyethylene terephthalate | Polyethylene terephthalate (or poly(ethylene terephthalate), PET, PETE, or the obsolete PETP or PET-P), is the most common thermoplastic polymer resin of the polyester family and is used in fibres for clothing, containers for liquids and foods, and thermoforming for manufacturing, and in combination with glass fibre fo... | Physical sciences | Polymers | Chemistry |
292984 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahar | Lahar | A lahar (, from ) is a violent type of mudflow or debris flow composed of a slurry of pyroclastic material, rocky debris and water. The material flows down from a volcano, typically along a river valley.
Lahars are often extremely destructive and deadly; they can flow tens of metres per second, they have been known to... | Physical sciences | Volcanology | Earth science |
293065 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desiccant | Desiccant | A desiccant is a hygroscopic substance that is used to induce or sustain a state of dryness (desiccation) in its vicinity; it is the opposite of a humectant. Commonly encountered pre-packaged desiccants are solids that absorb water. Desiccants for specialized purposes may be in forms other than solid, and may work thr... | Physical sciences | Phase separations | Chemistry |
293079 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actuator | Actuator | An actuator is a component of a machine that produces force, torque, or displacement, when an electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic input is supplied to it in a system (called an actuating system). The effect is usually produced in a controlled way. An actuator translates such an input signal into the required form of mec... | Technology | Components | null |
293265 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noctuidae | Noctuidae | The Noctuidae, commonly known as owlet moths, cutworms or armyworms, are a family of moths. Taxonomically, they are considered the most controversial family in the superfamily Noctuoidea because many of the clades are constantly changing, along with the other families of the Noctuoidea. It was considered the largest fa... | Biology and health sciences | Lepidoptera | Animals |
293270 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat%20wave | Heat wave | A heat wave or heatwave, sometimes described as extreme heat, is a period of abnormally hot weather generally considered to be at least five consecutive days. A heat wave is usually measured relative to the usual climate in the area and to normal temperatures for the season. The main difficulties with this broad defin... | Physical sciences | Seasons | Earth science |
293336 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium%20chloride | Ammonium chloride | Ammonium chloride is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula , also written as . It is an ammonium salt of hydrogen chloride. It consists of ammonium cations and chloride anions . It is a white crystalline salt that is highly soluble in water. Solutions of ammonium chloride are mildly acidic. In its n... | Physical sciences | Halide salts | Chemistry |
293396 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat-panel%20display | Flat-panel display | A flat-panel display (FPD) is an electronic display used to display visual content such as text or images. It is present in consumer, medical, transportation, and industrial equipment.
Flat-panel displays are thin, lightweight, provide better linearity and are capable of higher resolution than typical consumer-grade T... | Technology | Media and communication | null |
293485 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/24-cell | 24-cell | In four-dimensional geometry, the 24-cell is the convex regular 4-polytope (four-dimensional analogue of a Platonic solid) with Schläfli symbol {3,4,3}. It is also called C24, or the icositetrachoron, octaplex (short for "octahedral complex"), icosatetrahedroid, octacube, hyper-diamond or polyoctahedron, being construc... | Mathematics | Four-dimensional space | null |
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