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65907 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastic%20collision | Elastic collision | In physics, an elastic collision is an encounter (collision) between two bodies in which the total kinetic energy of the two bodies remains the same. In an ideal, perfectly elastic collision, there is no net loss of kinetic energy into other forms such as heat, noise, or potential energy.
During the collision of smal... | Physical sciences | Basics_4 | Physics |
65908 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inelastic%20collision | Inelastic collision | An inelastic collision, in contrast to an elastic collision, is a collision in which kinetic energy is not conserved due to the action of internal friction.
In collisions of macroscopic bodies, some kinetic energy is turned into vibrational energy of the atoms, causing a heating effect, and the bodies are deformed.
T... | Physical sciences | Basics_4 | Physics |
65910 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printed%20circuit%20board | Printed circuit board | A printed circuit board (PCB), also called printed wiring board (PWB), is a laminated sandwich structure of conductive and insulating layers, each with a pattern of traces, planes and other features (similar to wires on a flat surface) etched from one or more sheet layers of copper laminated onto or between sheet laye... | Technology | Components | null |
65913 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equations%20of%20motion | Equations of motion | In physics, equations of motion are equations that describe the behavior of a physical system in terms of its motion as a function of time. More specifically, the equations of motion describe the behavior of a physical system as a set of mathematical functions in terms of dynamic variables. These variables are usually ... | Physical sciences | Classical mechanics | null |
65914 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinematics | Kinematics | Kinematics is a subfield of physics and mathematics, developed in classical mechanics, that describes the motion of points, bodies (objects), and systems of bodies (groups of objects) without considering the forces that cause them to move. Kinematics, as a field of study, is often referred to as the "geometry of motion... | Physical sciences | Basics_10 | null |
65926 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular%20displacement | Angular displacement | The angular displacement (symbol θ, , or φ) – also called angle of rotation, rotational displacement, or rotary displacement – of a physical body is the angle (in units of radians, degrees, turns, etc.) through which the body rotates (revolves or spins) around a centre or axis of rotation. Angular displacement may be s... | Physical sciences | Classical mechanics | Physics |
65927 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular%20velocity | Angular velocity | In physics, angular velocity (symbol or , the lowercase Greek letter omega), also known as the angular frequency vector, is a pseudovector representation of how the angular position or orientation of an object changes with time, i.e. how quickly an object rotates (spins or revolves) around an axis of rotation and how ... | Physical sciences | Classical mechanics | Physics |
65929 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular%20acceleration | Angular acceleration | In physics, angular acceleration (symbol α, alpha) is the time rate of change of angular velocity. Following the two types of angular velocity, spin angular velocity and orbital angular velocity, the respective types of angular acceleration are: spin angular acceleration, involving a rigid body about an axis of rotatio... | Physical sciences | Classical mechanics | Physics |
65955 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denim | Denim | Denim is a sturdy cotton warp-faced textile in which the weft passes under two or more warp threads. This twill weave produces a diagonal ribbing that distinguishes it from cotton duck. Denim, as it is recognized today, was first produced in Nîmes, France.
Denim is available in a range of colors, but the most common ... | Technology | Fabrics and fibers | null |
65980 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaundice | Jaundice | Jaundice, also known as icterus, is a yellowish or greenish pigmentation of the skin and sclera due to high bilirubin levels. Jaundice in adults is typically a sign indicating the presence of underlying diseases involving abnormal heme metabolism, liver dysfunction, or biliary-tract obstruction. The prevalence of jaund... | Biology and health sciences | Symptoms and signs | Health |
66013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field%20gun | Field gun | A field gun is a field artillery piece. Originally the term referred to smaller guns that could accompany a field army on the march, that when in combat could be moved about the battlefield in response to changing circumstances (field artillery), as opposed to guns installed in a fort (garrison artillery or coastal art... | Technology | Artillery | null |
66014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal%20%28unit%29 | Pascal (unit) | The pascal (symbol: Pa) is the unit of pressure in the International System of Units (SI). It is also used to quantify internal pressure, stress, Young's modulus, and ultimate tensile strength. The unit, named after Blaise Pascal, is an SI coherent derived unit defined as one newton per square metre (N/m2). It is also ... | Physical sciences | Energy, power, force and pressure | null |
66109 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eclipse%20cycle | Eclipse cycle | Eclipses may occur repeatedly, separated by certain intervals of time: these intervals are called eclipse cycles. The series of eclipses separated by a repeat of one of these intervals is called an eclipse series.
Eclipse conditions
Eclipses may occur when Earth and the Moon are aligned with the Sun, and the shadow... | Physical sciences | Celestial mechanics | Astronomy |
66111 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saros%20%28astronomy%29 | Saros (astronomy) | The saros () is a period of exactly 223 synodic months, approximately 6585.321 days (18.04 years), or 18 years plus 10, 11, or 12 days (depending on the number of leap years), and 8 hours, that can be used to predict eclipses of the Sun and Moon. One saros period after an eclipse, the Sun, Earth, and Moon return to app... | Physical sciences | Celestial mechanics | Astronomy |
66152 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea%20urchin | Sea urchin | Sea urchins or urchins () are typically spiny, globular animals, echinoderms in the class Echinoidea. About 950 species live on the seabed, inhabiting all oceans and depth zones from the intertidal to . Their tests (hard shells) are round and spiny, typically from across. Sea urchins move slowly, crawling with their t... | Biology and health sciences | Echinoderms | null |
66159 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfalfa | Alfalfa | Alfalfa () (Medicago sativa), also called lucerne, is a perennial flowering plant in the legume family Fabaceae. It is cultivated as an important forage crop in many countries around the world. It is used for grazing, hay, and silage, as well as a green manure and cover crop. The name alfalfa is used in North America. ... | Biology and health sciences | Pulses | Plants |
66173 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common%20swift | Common swift | The common swift (Apus apus) is a medium-sized bird, superficially similar to the barn swallow or house martin but somewhat larger, though not stemming from those passerine species, being in the order Apodiformes. The resemblances between the groups are due to convergent evolution, reflecting similar contextual develop... | Biology and health sciences | Apodiformes | Animals |
66174 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barn%20swallow | Barn swallow | The barn swallow (Hirundo rustica) is the most widespread species of swallow in the world, occurring on all continents, with vagrants reported even in Antarctica. It is a distinctive passerine bird with blue upperparts and a long, deeply forked tail. In Anglophone Europe, it is just called the swallow; in northern Euro... | Biology and health sciences | Passerida | Animals |
66269 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride | Chloride | The term chloride refers to a compound or molecule that contains either a chlorine anion (), which is a negatively charged chlorine atom, or a non-charged chlorine atom covalently bonded to the rest of the molecule by a single bond (). Many inorganic chlorides are salts. Many organic compounds are chlorides. The pronu... | Physical sciences | Salts | null |
66275 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coati | Coati | Coatis (from Tupí), also known as coatimundis (), are members of the family Procyonidae in the genera Nasua and Nasuella (comprising the subtribe Nasuina). They are diurnal mammals native to South America, Central America, Mexico, and the Southwestern United States. The name "coatimundi" comes from the Tupian languages... | Biology and health sciences | Procyonidae | Animals |
66284 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formic%20acid | Formic acid | Formic acid (), systematically named methanoic acid, is the simplest carboxylic acid, and has the chemical formula HCOOH and structure . It is an important intermediate in chemical synthesis and occurs naturally, most notably in some ants. Esters, salts and the anion derived from formic acid are called formates. Indust... | Physical sciences | Specific acids | Chemistry |
66286 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic%20acid | Organic acid | An organic acid is an organic compound with acidic properties. The most common organic acids are the carboxylic acids, whose acidity is associated with their carboxyl group –COOH. Sulfonic acids, containing the group –SO2OH, are relatively stronger acids. Alcohols, with –OH, can act as acids but they are usually very w... | Physical sciences | Specific acids | Chemistry |
66306 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium%20tetroxide | Osmium tetroxide | Osmium tetroxide (also osmium(VIII) oxide) is the chemical compound with the formula OsO4. The compound is noteworthy for its many uses, despite its toxicity and the rarity of osmium. It also has a number of unusual properties, one being that the solid is volatile. The compound is colourless, but most samples appear y... | Physical sciences | Oxide salts | Chemistry |
66313 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redox | Redox | Redox ( , , reduction–oxidation or oxidation–reduction) is a type of chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of the reactants change. Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in the oxidation state, while reduction is the gain of electrons or a decrease in the oxidation state. The oxidation and reduct... | Physical sciences | Chemistry | null |
66315 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state%20chemistry | Solid-state chemistry | Solid-state chemistry, also sometimes referred as materials chemistry, is the study of the synthesis, structure, and properties of solid phase materials. It therefore has a strong overlap with solid-state physics, mineralogy, crystallography, ceramics, metallurgy, thermodynamics, materials science and electronics with ... | Physical sciences | Subdisciplines | Chemistry |
66321 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group%206%20element | Group 6 element | |-
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Group 6, numbered by IUPAC style, is a group of elements in the periodic table. Its members are chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), and seaborgium (Sg). These are all transition metals and... | Physical sciences | Group 6 | Chemistry |
66338 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holography | Holography | Holography is a technique that enables a wavefront to be recorded and later reconstructed. It is best known as a method of generating three-dimensional images, and has a wide range of other uses, including data storage, microscopy, and interferometry. In principle, it is possible to make a hologram for any type of wave... | Technology | Basics_9 | null |
66364 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moggy | Moggy | A moggy is any cat which has not been intentionally bred. Moggies lack a standard appearance unlike pedigree cats which have a standard. In contexts where cats need to be registered—such as in veterinary practices or shelters—they are called a 'domestic short-hair' or 'domestic long-hair' depending on coat length. Alth... | Biology and health sciences | Cats | Animals |
66388 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchodilator | Bronchodilator | A bronchodilator or broncholytic (although the latter occasionally includes secretory inhibition as well) is a substance that dilates the bronchi and bronchioles, decreasing resistance in the respiratory airway and increasing airflow to the lungs. Bronchodilators may be originating naturally within the body, or they ma... | Biology and health sciences | Specific drugs | Health |
66391 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stimulant | Stimulant | Stimulants (also known as central nervous system stimulants, or psychostimulants, or colloquially as uppers) are a class of drugs that increase alertness. They are used for various purposes, such as enhancing attention, motivation, cognition, mood, and physical performance. Some stimulants occur naturally, while others... | Biology and health sciences | General concepts_2 | Health |
66392 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiopulmonary%20resuscitation | Cardiopulmonary resuscitation | Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure consisting of chest compressions often combined with artificial ventilation, or mouth to mouth in an effort to manually preserve intact brain function until further measures are taken to restore spontaneous blood circulation and breathing in a person who is ... | Biology and health sciences | Treatments | Health |
66394 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Island%20of%20stability | Island of stability | In nuclear physics, the island of stability is a predicted set of isotopes of superheavy elements that may have considerably longer half-lives than known isotopes of these elements. It is predicted to appear as an "island" in the chart of nuclides, separated from known stable and long-lived primordial radionuclides. It... | Physical sciences | Nuclear physics | Physics |
66432 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progesterone | Progesterone | Progesterone (; P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other species. It belongs to a group of steroid hormones called the progestogens and is the major progestogen in the body. Progesterone has a variety of important function... | Biology and health sciences | Animal hormones | Biology |
66488 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscow%20Metro | Moscow Metro | The Moscow Metro is a metro system serving the Russian capital of Moscow as well as the neighbouring cities of Krasnogorsk, Reutov, Lyubertsy and Kotelniki in Moscow Oblast. Opened in 1935 with one line and 13 stations, it was the first underground railway system in the Soviet Union.
, the Moscow Metro had 297 statio... | Technology | Russia | null |
66512 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fern | Fern | The ferns (Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta) are a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers. They differ from mosses by being vascular, i.e., having specialized tissues that conduct water and nutrients, and in having life cycles in which the br... | Biology and health sciences | Pteridophytes | null |
66535 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternation%20of%20generations | Alternation of generations | Alternation of generations (also known as metagenesis or heterogenesis) is the predominant type of life cycle in plants and algae. In plants both phases are multicellular: the haploid sexual phase – the gametophyte – alternates with a diploid asexual phase – the sporophyte.
A mature sporophyte produces haploid spores ... | Biology and health sciences | Plant reproduction | null |
66549 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prairie | Prairie | Prairies are ecosystems considered part of the temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biome by ecologists, based on similar temperate climates, moderate rainfall, and a composition of grasses, herbs, and shrubs, rather than trees, as the dominant vegetation type. Temperate grassland regions include the Pampas o... | Physical sciences | Grasslands | null |
66556 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broccoli | Broccoli | Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) is an edible green plant in the cabbage family (family Brassicaceae, genus Brassica) whose large flowering head, stalk and small associated leaves are eaten as a vegetable. Broccoli is classified in the Italica cultivar group of the species Brassica oleracea. Broccoli has large... | Biology and health sciences | Brassicales | null |
66560 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bracken | Bracken | Bracken (Pteridium) is a genus of large, coarse ferns in the family Dennstaedtiaceae. Ferns (Pteridophyta) are vascular plants that have alternating generations, large plants that produce spores and small plants that produce sex cells (eggs and sperm). Brackens are noted for their large, highly divided leaves. They are... | Biology and health sciences | Ferns | Plants |
66572 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ENIAC | ENIAC | ENIAC (; Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was the first programmable, electronic, general-purpose digital computer, completed in 1945. Other computers had some of these features, but ENIAC was the first to have them all. It was Turing-complete and able to solve "a large class of numerical problems" throug... | Technology | Computer hardware | null |
66575 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrient | Nutrient | A nutrient is a substance used by an organism to survive, grow and reproduce. The requirement for dietary nutrient intake applies to animals, plants, fungi and protists. Nutrients can be incorporated into cells for metabolic purposes or excreted by cells to create non-cellular structures such as hair, scales, feathers,... | Biology and health sciences | Health and fitness: General | Health |
66607 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vine | Vine | A vine (; ) is any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent (that is, climbing) stems, lianas, or runners. The word vine can also refer to such stems or runners themselves, for instance, when used in wicker work.
In parts of the world, including the British Isles, the term "vine" usually applies exclusively t... | Biology and health sciences | Plant anatomy and morphology: General | Biology |
66633 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moth | Moth | Moths are a group of insects that includes all members of the order Lepidoptera that are not butterflies. They were previously classified as suborder Heterocera, but the group is paraphyletic with respect to butterflies (suborder Rhopalocera) and neither subordinate taxon is used in modern classifications. Moths make u... | Biology and health sciences | Lepidoptera | null |
66668 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullhead%20shark | Bullhead shark | The bullhead sharks are members of the genus Heterodontus, the only members of the family Heterodontidae and only living members of the order Heterodontiformes. All are relatively small, with the largest species reaching just in maximum length. They are bottom feeders in tropical and subtropical waters.
The Heterodon... | Biology and health sciences | Sharks | Animals |
66675 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light%20curve | Light curve | In astronomy, a light curve is a graph of the light intensity of a celestial object or region as a function of time, typically with the magnitude of light received on the y-axis and with time on the x-axis. The light is usually in a particular frequency interval or band.
Light curves can be periodic, as in the case of... | Physical sciences | Basics | Astronomy |
66687 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quercus%20rubra | Quercus rubra | Quercus rubra, the northern red oak, is an oak tree in the red oak group (Quercus section Lobatae). It is a native of North America, in the eastern and central United States and southeast and south-central Canada. It has been introduced to small areas in Western Europe, where it can frequently be seen cultivated in gar... | Biology and health sciences | Fagales | Plants |
66706 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraxinus | Fraxinus | Fraxinus (), commonly called ash, is a genus of plants in the olive and lilac family, Oleaceae, and comprises 45–65 species of usually medium-to-large trees, most of which are deciduous trees, although some subtropical species are evergreen trees. The genus is widespread throughout much of Europe, Asia, and North Ameri... | Biology and health sciences | Lamiales | null |
66723 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory%20system | Respiratory system | The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants. The anatomy and physiology that make this happen varies greatly, depending on the size of the organism, the environment in which it liv... | Biology and health sciences | Respiratory system | null |
66728 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trail | Trail | A trail, also known as a path or track, is an unpaved lane or a small paved road not intended for usage by motorized vehicles, usually passing through a natural area. In the United Kingdom and Ireland, a path or footpath is the preferred term for a pedestrian or hiking trail. The term is also applied in North America t... | Technology | Road transport | null |
66781 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oberon%20%28moon%29 | Oberon (moon) | Oberon , also designated , is the outermost and second-largest major moon of the planet Uranus. It is the second-most massive of the Uranian moons, and the tenth-largest moon in the Solar System. Discovered by William Herschel in 1787, Oberon is named after the mythical king of the fairies who appears as a character in... | Physical sciences | Solar System | Astronomy |
66797 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibroblast | Fibroblast | A fibroblast is a type of biological cell typically with a spindle shape that synthesizes the extracellular matrix and collagen, produces the structural framework (stroma) for animal tissues, and plays a critical role in wound healing. Fibroblasts are the most common cells of connective tissue in animals.
Structure
... | Biology and health sciences | Tissues | Biology |
66811 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seasonal%20affective%20disorder | Seasonal affective disorder | Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a mood disorder subset in which people who typically have normal mental health throughout most of the year exhibit depressive symptoms at the same time each year. It is commonly, but not always, associated with the reductions or increases in total daily sunlight hours that occur dur... | Biology and health sciences | Mental disorders | Health |
66926 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demodulation | Demodulation | Demodulation is the process of extracting the original information-bearing signal from a carrier wave. A demodulator is an electronic circuit (or computer program in a software-defined radio) that is used to recover the information content from the modulated carrier wave. There are many types of modulation, and there ... | Technology | Telecommunications | null |
66962 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typha | Typha | Typha is a genus of about 30 species of monocotyledonous flowering plants in the family Typhaceae. These plants have a variety of common names, in British English as bulrush or (mainly historically) reedmace, in American English as cattail, or punks, in Australia as cumbungi or bulrush, in Canada as bulrush or cattail... | Biology and health sciences | Poales | null |
66966 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular%20plant | Vascular plant | Vascular plants (), also called tracheophytes (, ) or collectively tracheophyta (; ), are plants that have lignified tissues (the xylem) for conducting water and minerals throughout the plant. They also have a specialized non-lignified tissue (the phloem) to conduct products of photosynthesis. The group includes most l... | Biology and health sciences | Vascular plants (except seed plants) | Plants |
66973 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lycopodiopsida | Lycopodiopsida | Lycopodiopsida is a class of vascular plants also known as lycopsids, lycopods, or lycophytes. Members of the class are also called clubmosses, firmosses, spikemosses and quillworts. They have dichotomously branching stems bearing simple leaves called microphylls and reproduce by means of spores borne in sporangia on t... | Biology and health sciences | Lycophytes | Plants |
66981 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidemic | Epidemic | An epidemic (from Greek ἐπί epi "upon or above" and δῆμος demos "people") is the rapid spread of disease to a large number of hosts in a given population within a short period of time. For example, in meningococcal infections, an attack rate in excess of 15 cases per 100,000 people for two consecutive weeks is consider... | Biology and health sciences | Concepts | Health |
66986 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodland | Woodland | A woodland () is, in the broad sense, land covered with woody plants (trees and shrubs), or in a narrow sense, synonymous with wood (or in the U.S., the plurale tantum woods), a low-density forest forming open habitats with plenty of sunlight and limited shade (see differences between British, American and Australian E... | Physical sciences | Forests | Earth science |
66997 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidemiology | Epidemiology | Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where), patterns and determinants of health and disease conditions in a defined population, and application of this knowledge to prevent diseases.
It is a cornerstone of public health, and shapes policy decisions and evidence-based practice by ... | Biology and health sciences | Fields of medicine | null |
67049 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selaginella | Selaginella | Selaginella, also known as spikemosses or lesser clubmosses is a genus of lycophyte. It is usually treated as the only genus in the family Selaginellaceae, with over 750 known species.
This family is distinguished from Lycopodiaceae (the clubmosses) by having scale-leaves bearing a ligule and by having spores of two t... | Biology and health sciences | Lycophytes | Plants |
67058 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdominal%20cavity | Abdominal cavity | The abdominal cavity is a large body cavity in humans and many other animals that contain organs. It is a part of the abdominopelvic cavity. It is located below the thoracic cavity, and above the pelvic cavity. Its dome-shaped roof is the thoracic diaphragm, a thin sheet of muscle under the lungs, and its floor is the ... | Biology and health sciences | External anatomy and regions of the body | Biology |
67060 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot%20spring | Hot spring | A hot spring, hydrothermal spring, or geothermal spring is a spring produced by the emergence of geothermally heated groundwater onto the surface of the Earth. The groundwater is heated either by shallow bodies of magma (molten rock) or by circulation through faults to hot rock deep in the Earth's crust.
Hot spring wa... | Physical sciences | Volcanology | Earth science |
67075 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoetes | Isoetes | Isoetes, commonly known as the quillworts, is a genus of lycopod. It is the only living genus in the family Isoetaceae and order Isoetales. , there were about 200 recognized species, with a cosmopolitan distribution mostly in aquatic habitats but with the individual species often scarce to rare. Species virtually ident... | Biology and health sciences | Lycophytes | Plants |
67077 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equisetum | Equisetum | Equisetum (; horsetail) is the only living genus in Equisetaceae, a family of vascular plants that reproduce by spores rather than seeds.
Equisetum is a "living fossil", the only living genus of the entire subclass Equisetidae, which for over 100 million years was much more diverse and dominated the understorey of lat... | Biology and health sciences | Pteridophytes | null |
67088 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation%20of%20energy | Conservation of energy | The law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant; it is said to be conserved over time. In the case of a closed system, the principle says that the total amount of energy within the system can only be changed through energy entering or leaving the system. Energy can ... | Physical sciences | Basics_6 | null |
67158 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%20blood%20cell | Red blood cell | Red blood cells (RBCs), referred to as erythrocytes (, with -cyte translated as 'cell' in modern usage) in academia and medical publishing, also known as red cells, erythroid cells, and rarely haematids, are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate's principal means of delivering oxygen () to the body tiss... | Biology and health sciences | Circulatory system | null |
67159 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood%20cell | Blood cell | A blood cell (also called a hematopoietic cell, hemocyte, or hematocyte) is a cell produced through hematopoiesis and found mainly in the blood. Major types of blood cells include red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and platelets (thrombocytes). Together, these three kinds of blood cells add... | Biology and health sciences | Circulatory system | Biology |
67166 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placenta | Placenta | The placenta (: placentas or placentae) is a temporary embryonic and later fetal organ that begins developing from the blastocyst shortly after implantation. It plays critical roles in facilitating nutrient, gas and waste exchange between the physically separate maternal and fetal circulations, and is an important endo... | Biology and health sciences | Reproductive system | null |
67193 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testicle | Testicle | A testicle or testis ( testes) is the gonad in all male bilaterians, including humans, and is homologous to the ovary in females. Its primary functions are the production of sperm and the secretion of androgens, primarily testosterone.
The release of testosterone is regulated by luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anter... | Biology and health sciences | Reproductive system | null |
67211 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron%20configuration | Electron configuration | In atomic physics and quantum chemistry, the electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule (or other physical structure) in atomic or molecular orbitals. For example, the electron configuration of the neon atom is , meaning that the 1s, 2s, and 2p subshells are occupied by two, two, and... | Physical sciences | Atomic physics | null |
67231 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metre%20per%20second | Metre per second | The metre per second is the unit of both speed (a scalar quantity) and velocity (a vector quantity, which has direction and magnitude) in the International System of Units (SI), equal to the speed of a body covering a distance of one metre in a time of one second. According to the definition of metre, is exactly of ... | Physical sciences | Speed | Basics and measurement |
67244 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological%20niche | Ecological niche | In ecology, a niche is the match of a species to a specific environmental condition. It describes how an organism or population responds to the distribution of resources and competitors (for example, by growing when resources are abundant, and when predators, parasites and pathogens are scarce) and how it in turn alter... | Biology and health sciences | Ecology | null |
67252 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birch | Birch | A birch is a thin-leaved deciduous hardwood tree of the genus Betula (), in the family Betulaceae, which also includes alders, hazels, and hornbeams. It is closely related to the beech-oak family Fagaceae. The genus Betula contains 30 to 60 known taxa of which 11 are on the IUCN 2011 Red List of Threatened Species. The... | Biology and health sciences | Fagales | null |
67401 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grapefruit | Grapefruit | The grapefruit (Citrus × paradisi) is a subtropical citrus tree known for its relatively large, sour to semi-sweet, somewhat bitter fruit. The flesh of the fruit is segmented and varies in color from pale yellow to dark red.
Grapefruits originated in Barbados in the 18th century. They are a citrus hybrid that was crea... | Biology and health sciences | Sapindales | null |
67405 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great%20Red%20Spot | Great Red Spot | The Great Red Spot is a persistent high-pressure region in the atmosphere of Jupiter, producing an anticyclonic storm that is the largest in the Solar System. It is the most recognizable feature on Jupiter, owing to its red-orange color whose origin is still unknown. Located 22 degrees south of Jupiter's equator, it pr... | Physical sciences | Solar System | Astronomy |
67409 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing%20707 | Boeing 707 | The Boeing 707 is an early American long-range narrow-body airliner, the first jetliner developed and produced by Boeing Commercial Airplanes.
Developed from the Boeing 367-80 prototype first flown in 1954, the initial first flew on December 20, 1957.
Pan Am began regular 707 service on October 26, 1958.
With versio... | Technology | Specific aircraft_2 | null |
67430 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nymphaeaceae | Nymphaeaceae | Nymphaeaceae () is a family of flowering plants, commonly called water lilies. They live as rhizomatous aquatic herbs in temperate and tropical climates around the world. The family contains five genera with about 70 known species. Water lilies are rooted in soil in bodies of water, with leaves and flowers floating on ... | Biology and health sciences | Nymphaeales | Plants |
67491 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unbinilium | Unbinilium | Unbinilium, also known as eka-radium or element 120, is a hypothetical chemical element; it has symbol Ubn and atomic number 120. Unbinilium and Ubn are the temporary systematic IUPAC name and symbol, which are used until the element is discovered, confirmed, and a permanent name is decided upon. In the periodic table ... | Physical sciences | Periods | Chemistry |
67492 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ununennium | Ununennium | Ununennium, also known as eka-francium or element 119, is a hypothetical chemical element; it has symbol Uue and atomic number 119. Ununennium and Uue are the temporary systematic IUPAC name and symbol respectively, which are used until the element has been discovered, confirmed, and a permanent name is decided upon. I... | Physical sciences | Periods | Chemistry |
67513 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systematic%20element%20name | Systematic element name | A systematic element name is the temporary name assigned to an unknown or recently synthesized chemical element. A systematic symbol is also derived from this name.
In chemistry, a transuranic element receives a permanent name and symbol only after its synthesis has been confirmed. In some cases, such as the Transfer... | Physical sciences | Nomenclature | Chemistry |
67514 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscovium | Moscovium | Moscovium is a synthetic chemical element; it has symbol Mc and atomic number 115. It was first synthesized in 2003 by a joint team of Russian and American scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna, Russia. In December 2015, it was recognized as one of four new elements by the Joint Working... | Physical sciences | Group 15 | Chemistry |
67554 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasive%20species | Invasive species | An invasive species is an introduced species that harms its new environment. Invasive species adversely affect habitats and bioregions, causing ecological, environmental, and/or economic damage. The term can also be used for native species that become harmful to their native environment after human alterations to its f... | Biology and health sciences | Ecology | null |
67611 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennessine | Tennessine | Tennessine is a synthetic chemical element; it has symbol Ts and atomic number 117. It has the second-highest atomic number and joint-highest atomic mass of all known elements and is the penultimate element of the 7th period of the periodic table. It is named after the U.S. state of Tennessee, where key research instit... | Physical sciences | Group 17 | Chemistry |
67619 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elm | Elm | Elms are deciduous and semi-deciduous trees comprising the genus Ulmus in the family Ulmaceae. They are distributed over most of the Northern Hemisphere, inhabiting the temperate and tropical-montane regions of North America and Eurasia, presently ranging southward in the Middle East to Lebanon and Israel, and across t... | Biology and health sciences | Rosales | null |
1070326 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total%20derivative | Total derivative | In mathematics, the total derivative of a function at a point is the best linear approximation near this point of the function with respect to its arguments. Unlike partial derivatives, the total derivative approximates the function with respect to all of its arguments, not just a single one. In many situations, thi... | Mathematics | Multivariable and vector calculus | null |
1071613 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papaver%20somniferum | Papaver somniferum | Papaver somniferum, commonly known as the opium poppy or breadseed poppy, is a species of flowering plant in the family Papaveraceae. It is the species of plant from which both opium and poppy seeds are derived and is also a valuable ornamental plant grown in gardens. Its native range was east of the Mediterranean Sea,... | Biology and health sciences | Ranunculales | Plants |
1072236 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit%20operation | Unit operation | In chemical engineering and related fields, a unit operation is a basic step in a process. Unit operations involve a physical change or chemical transformation such as separation, crystallization, evaporation, filtration, polymerization, isomerization, and other reactions. For example, in milk processing, the following... | Physical sciences | Chemical engineering | Chemistry |
1072751 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitable%20zone | Habitable zone | In astronomy and astrobiology, the habitable zone (HZ), or more precisely the circumstellar habitable zone (CHZ), is the range of orbits around a star within which a planetary surface can support liquid water given sufficient atmospheric pressure. The bounds of the HZ are based on Earth's position in the Solar System a... | Physical sciences | Planetary science | Astronomy |
1072889 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superacid | Superacid | In chemistry, a superacid (according to the original definition) is an acid with an acidity greater than that of 100% pure sulfuric acid (), which has a Hammett acidity function (H0) of −12. According to the modern definition, a superacid is a medium in which the chemical potential of the proton is higher than in pure ... | Physical sciences | Specific acids | Chemistry |
1073054 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punji%20stick | Punji stick | The punji stick or punji stake is a type of booby trapped stake. It is a simple spike, made out of wood or bamboo, which is sharpened, heated, and usually set in a hole. Punji sticks are usually deployed in substantial numbers. The Oxford English Dictionary (third edition, 2007) lists less frequent, earlier spellings f... | Technology | Military technology: General | null |
1074025 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopian%20wolf | Ethiopian wolf | The Ethiopian wolf (Canis simensis), also called the red jackal, the Simien jackal or Simien fox, is a canine native to the Ethiopian Highlands. In southeastern Ethiopia, it is also known as the horse jackal. It is similar to the coyote in size and build, and is distinguished by its long and narrow skull, and its red a... | Biology and health sciences | Canines | Animals |
14835582 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic%20combinatorics | Algebraic combinatorics | Algebraic combinatorics is an area of mathematics that employs methods of abstract algebra, notably group theory and representation theory, in various combinatorial contexts and, conversely, applies combinatorial techniques to problems in algebra.
History
The term "algebraic combinatorics" was introduced in the late 1... | Mathematics | Combinatorics | null |
11174927 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaver%20dam | Beaver dam | A beaver dam or beaver impoundment is a dam built by beavers; it creates a pond which protects against predators such as coyotes, wolves and bears, and holds their food during winter. These structures modify the natural environment in such a way that the overall ecosystem builds upon the change, making beavers a keysto... | Biology and health sciences | Shelters and structures | Animals |
13728473 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical%20savanna%20climate | Tropical savanna climate | Tropical savanna climate or tropical wet and dry climate is a tropical climate sub-type that corresponds to the Köppen climate classification categories Aw (for a dry "winter") and As (for a dry "summer"). The driest month has less than of precipitation and also less than mm of precipitation.
This latter fact is in a... | Physical sciences | Climates | Earth science |
4308142 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guan%20%28bird%29 | Guan (bird) | The guans are a number of bird genera which make up the largest group in the family Cracidae. They are found mainly in northern South America, southern Central America, and a few adjacent Caribbean islands. There is also the peculiar horned guan (Oreophasis derbianus) which is not a true guan, but a very distinct and ... | Biology and health sciences | Galliformes | Animals |
9701472 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timema | Timema | Timema is a genus of relatively short-bodied, stout and wingless stick insects native to the far western United States, and the sole extant member of the family Timematidae. The genus was first described in 1895 by Samuel Hubbard Scudder, based on observations of the species Timema californicum.
Compared to other st... | Biology and health sciences | Insects: General | Animals |
3166203 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminosity%20distance | Luminosity distance | Luminosity distance DL is defined in terms of the relationship between the absolute magnitude M and apparent magnitude m of an astronomical object.
which gives:
where DL is measured in parsecs. For nearby objects (say, in the Milky Way) the luminosity distance gives a good approximation to the natural notion of dista... | Physical sciences | Basics | Astronomy |
3167641 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium%20acetate | Ammonium acetate | Ammonium acetate, also known as spirit of Mindererus in aqueous solution, is a chemical compound with the formula NH4CH3CO2. It is a white, hygroscopic solid and can be derived from the reaction of ammonia and acetic acid. It is available commercially.
History
The synonym Spirit of Mindererus is named after R. Mindere... | Physical sciences | Acetates | Chemistry |
3168368 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cygnus%20Loop | Cygnus Loop | The Cygnus Loop (radio source W78, or Sharpless 103) is a large supernova remnant (SNR) in the constellation Cygnus, an emission nebula measuring nearly 3° across. Some arcs of the loop, known collectively as the Veil Nebula or Cirrus Nebula, emit in the visible electromagnetic range. Radio, infrared, and X-ray images ... | Physical sciences | Notable nebulae | Astronomy |
3172179 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical%20specialty | Medical specialty | A medical specialty is a branch of medical practice that is focused on a defined group of patients, diseases, skills, or philosophy. Examples include those branches of medicine that deal exclusively with children (pediatrics), cancer (oncology), laboratory medicine (pathology), or primary care (family medicine). After ... | Biology and health sciences | Fields of medicine | Health |
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