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3183196 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling%20%28metalworking%29 | Rolling (metalworking) | In metalworking, rolling is a metal forming process in which metal stock is passed through one or more pairs of rolls to reduce the thickness, to make the thickness uniform, and/or to impart a desired mechanical property. The concept is similar to the rolling of dough. Rolling is classified according to the temperature... | Technology | Metallurgy | null |
3183570 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malus%20sieversii | Malus sieversii | Malus sieversii is a wild apple. According to DNA analysis conducted in 2010, it is the primary ancestor of the domesticated apple, M. domestica.
Native to Central Asia, M. sieversii prefers warm and damp habitats. Its conservation status is vulnerable.
Description
It is a deciduous tree growing , very similar in ap... | Biology and health sciences | Pomes | Plants |
3183582 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wire%20rope | Wire rope | Wire rope is composed of as few as two solid, metal wires twisted into a helix that forms a composite rope, in a pattern known as laid rope. Larger diameter wire rope consists of multiple strands of such laid rope in a pattern known as cable laid. Manufactured using an industrial machine known as a strander, the wires ... | Technology | Flexible components | null |
3183595 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Textile%20printing | Textile printing | Textile printing is the process of applying color to fabric in definite patterns or designs. In properly printed fabrics the colour is bonded with the fibre, so as to resist washing and friction. Textile printing is related to dyeing but in dyeing properly the whole fabric is uniformly covered with one colour, whereas ... | Technology | Other techniques | null |
3184580 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state%20laser | Solid-state laser | A solid-state laser is a laser that uses a gain medium that is a solid, rather than a liquid as in dye lasers or a gas as in gas lasers. Semiconductor-based lasers are also in the solid state, but are generally considered as a separate class from solid-state lasers, called laser diodes.
Solid-state media
Generally, t... | Technology | Lasers | null |
2307285 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASA/IPAC%20Extragalactic%20Database | NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database | The NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) is an online astronomical database for astronomers that collates and cross-correlates astronomical information on extragalactic objects (galaxies, quasars, radio, x-ray and infrared sources, etc.). NED was created in the late 1980s by two Pasadena astronomers, George Helou and... | Physical sciences | Databases | Astronomy |
2307295 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIMBAD | SIMBAD | SIMBAD (the Set of Identifications, Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data) is an astronomical database of objects beyond the Solar System. It is maintained by the Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg (CDS), France.
SIMBAD was created by merging the Catalog of Stellar Identifications (CSI) and th... | Physical sciences | Databases | Astronomy |
2307854 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotations%20in%204-dimensional%20Euclidean%20space | Rotations in 4-dimensional Euclidean space | In mathematics, the group of rotations about a fixed point in four-dimensional Euclidean space is denoted SO(4). The name comes from the fact that it is the special orthogonal group of order 4.
In this article rotation means rotational displacement. For the sake of uniqueness, rotation angles are assumed to be in the ... | Mathematics | Four-dimensional space | null |
2309427 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetosphere%20of%20Saturn | Magnetosphere of Saturn | The magnetosphere of Saturn is the cavity created in the flow of the solar wind by the planet's internally generated magnetic field. Discovered in 1979 by the Pioneer 11 spacecraft, Saturn's magnetosphere is the second largest of any planet in the Solar System after Jupiter. The magnetopause, the boundary between Satur... | Physical sciences | Solar System | Astronomy |
2309752 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komatiite | Komatiite | Komatiite is a type of ultramafic mantle-derived volcanic rock defined as having crystallised from a lava of at least 18 wt% magnesium oxide (MgO). It is classified as a 'picritic rock'. Komatiites have low silicon, potassium and aluminium, and high to extremely high magnesium content. Komatiite was named for its type... | Physical sciences | Igneous rocks | Earth science |
9038260 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorus%20cycle | Phosphorus cycle | The phosphorus cycle is the biogeochemical cycle that involves the movement of phosphorus through the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. Unlike many other biogeochemical cycles, the atmosphere does not play a significant role in the movement of phosphorus, because phosphorus and phosphorus-based materials do not ... | Physical sciences | Earth science basics: General | Earth science |
9040547 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human%20skin | Human skin | The human skin is the outer covering of the body and is the largest organ of the integumentary system. The skin has up to seven layers of ectodermal tissue guarding muscles, bones, ligaments and internal organs. Human skin is similar to most of the other mammals' skin, and it is very similar to pig skin. Though nearly... | Biology and health sciences | Human anatomy | Health |
1078549 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliivibrio%20fischeri | Aliivibrio fischeri | Aliivibrio fischeri (formerly Vibrio fischeri) is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium found globally in marine environments. This bacterium grows most effectively in water with a salt concentration at around 20g/L, and at temperatures between 24 and 28°C. This species is non-pathogenic and has bioluminescent properti... | Biology and health sciences | Gram-negative bacteria | Plants |
1079866 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantle%20%28geology%29 | Mantle (geology) | A mantle is a layer inside a planetary body bounded below by a core and above by a crust. Mantles are made of rock or ices, and are generally the largest and most massive layer of the planetary body. Mantles are characteristic of planetary bodies that have undergone differentiation by density. All terrestrial planets ... | Physical sciences | Geophysics | null |
1080236 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyeing | Dyeing | Dyeing is the application of dyes or pigments on textile materials such as fibers, yarns, and fabrics with the goal of achieving color with desired color fastness. Dyeing is normally done in a special solution containing dyes and particular chemical material. Dye molecules are fixed to the fiber by absorption, diffusio... | Technology | Other techniques | null |
1081235 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava%20dome | Lava dome | In volcanology, a lava dome is a circular, mound-shaped protrusion resulting from the slow extrusion of viscous lava from a volcano. Dome-building eruptions are common, particularly in convergent plate boundary settings. Around 6% of eruptions on Earth form lava domes. The geochemistry of lava domes can vary from basal... | Physical sciences | Volcanology | Earth science |
1082009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand%20casting | Sand casting | Sand casting, also known as sand molded casting, is a metal casting process characterized by using sand—known as casting sand—as the mold material. The term "sand casting" can also refer to an object produced via the sand casting process. Sand castings are produced in specialized factories called foundries. In 2003, ov... | Technology | Metallurgy | null |
67656 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prunus | Prunus | Prunus is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs from the family Rosaceae, which includes plums, cherries, peaches, nectarines, apricots and almonds (collectively stonefruit). The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, being native to the temperate regions of North America, the neotropics of South America, and temperate... | Biology and health sciences | Rosales | Plants |
67668 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deimos%20%28moon%29 | Deimos (moon) | Deimos (; systematic designation: Mars II) is the smaller and outer of the two natural satellites of Mars, the other being Phobos. Deimos has a mean radius of and takes 30.3 hours to orbit Mars. Deimos is from Mars, much farther than Mars's other moon, Phobos. It is named after Deimos, the Ancient Greek god and perso... | Physical sciences | Solar System | Astronomy |
67679 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullet | Bullet | A bullet is a kinetic projectile, a component of firearm ammunition that is shot from a gun barrel. They are made of a variety of materials, such as copper, lead, steel, polymer, rubber and even wax; and are made in various shapes and constructions (depending on the intended applications), including specialized functio... | Technology | Ammunition | null |
67717 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American%20robin | American robin | The American robin (Turdus migratorius) is a migratory bird of the true thrush genus and Turdidae, the wider thrush family. It is named after the European robin because of its reddish-orange breast, though the two species are not closely related, with the European robin belonging to the Old World flycatcher family. The... | Biology and health sciences | Passerida | null |
67728 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrochemical | Petrochemical | Petrochemicals (sometimes abbreviated as petchems) are the chemical products obtained from petroleum by refining. Some chemical compounds made from petroleum are also obtained from other fossil fuels, such as coal or natural gas, or renewable sources such as maize, palm fruit or sugar cane.
The two most common petroch... | Technology | Material and chemical | null |
67733 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chestnut | Chestnut | The chestnuts are the deciduous trees and shrubs in the genus Castanea, in the beech family Fagaceae. The name also refers to the edible nuts they produce. They are native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
Description
Chestnut trees are of moderate growth rate (for the Chinese chestnut tree) to fast-g... | Biology and health sciences | Fagales | null |
67740 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American%20chestnut | American chestnut | The American chestnut (Castanea dentata) is a large, fast-growing deciduous tree of the beech family native to eastern North America. As is true of all species in the genus Castanea, the American chestnut produces burred fruit with edible nuts. The American chestnut was once common in its Appalachian Mountain range and... | Biology and health sciences | Nuts | Plants |
67742 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percussion%20cap | Percussion cap | The percussion cap, percussion primer, or caplock, introduced in the early 1820s, is a type of single-use percussion ignition device for muzzle loader firearm locks enabling them to fire reliably in any weather condition. Its invention gave rise to the caplock mechanism or percussion lock system which used percussion c... | Technology | Mechanisms_2 | null |
67782 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sailing%20ship | Sailing ship | A sailing ship is a sea-going vessel that uses sails mounted on masts to harness the power of wind and propel the vessel. There is a variety of sail plans that propel sailing ships, employing square-rigged or fore-and-aft sails. Some ships carry square sails on each mast—the brig and full-rigged ship, said to be "ship-... | Technology | Maritime transport | null |
67783 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sailboat | Sailboat | A sailboat or sailing boat is a boat propelled partly or entirely by sails and is smaller than a sailing ship. Distinctions in what constitutes a sailing boat and ship vary by region and maritime culture.
Types
Although sailboat terminology has varied across history, many terms have specific meanings in the context o... | Technology | Naval transport | null |
67941 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassini%E2%80%93Huygens | Cassini–Huygens | Cassini–Huygens ( ), commonly called Cassini, was a space-research mission by NASA, the European Space Agency (ESA), and the Italian Space Agency (ASI) to send a space probe to study the planet Saturn and its system, including its rings and natural satellites. The Flagship-class robotic spacecraft comprised both NASA's... | Technology | Unmanned spacecraft | null |
67958 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copernicium | Copernicium | Copernicium is a synthetic chemical element; it has symbol Cn and atomic number 112. Its known isotopes are extremely radioactive, and have only been created in a laboratory. The most stable known isotope, copernicium-285, has a half-life of approximately 30 seconds. Copernicium was first created in February 1996 by th... | Physical sciences | Group 12 | Chemistry |
67963 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginkgo%20biloba | Ginkgo biloba | Ginkgo biloba, commonly known as ginkgo or gingko ( ), also known as the maidenhair tree, is a species of gymnosperm tree native to East Asia. It is the last living species in the order Ginkgoales, which first appeared over 290 million years ago, and fossils very similar to the living species, belonging to the genus Gi... | Biology and health sciences | Gymnosperms | null |
67970 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lycophyte | Lycophyte | The lycophytes, when broadly circumscribed, are a group of vascular plants that include the clubmosses. They are sometimes placed in a division Lycopodiophyta or Lycophyta or in a subdivision Lycopodiophytina. They are one of the oldest lineages of extant (living) vascular plants; the group contains extinct plants that... | Biology and health sciences | Pteridophytes | null |
68005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loon | Loon | Loons (North American English) or divers (British / Irish English) are a group of aquatic birds found in much of North America and northern Eurasia. All living species of loons are members of the genus Gavia, family Gaviidae and order Gaviiformes.
Description
Loons, which are the size of large ducks or small geese, re... | Biology and health sciences | Gaviiformes | null |
68073 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welwitschia | Welwitschia | Welwitschia is a monotypic genus (that is, a genus that contains a single recognised species) of gymnosperm, the sole described species being the distinctive Welwitschia mirabilis, endemic to the Namib desert within Namibia and Angola. Welwitschia is the only extant genus of the family Welwitschiaceae and order Welwits... | Biology and health sciences | Gymnosperms (except conifers) | Plants |
68085 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conifer | Conifer | Conifers are a group of cone-bearing seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the division Pinophyta (), also known as Coniferophyta () or Coniferae. The division contains a single extant class, Pinopsida. All extant conifers are perennial woody plants with secondary growth. The great majority... | Biology and health sciences | Gymnosperms | null |
68094 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinales | Pinales | The order Pinales in the division Pinophyta, class Pinopsida, comprises all the extant conifers. The distinguishing characteristic is the reproductive structure known as a cone produced by all Pinales. All of the extant conifers, such as Araucaria, cedar, celery-pine, cypress, fir, juniper, kauri, larch, pine, redwood,... | Biology and health sciences | Pinophyta (Conifers) | Plants |
68110 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logging | Logging | Logging is the process of cutting, processing, and moving trees to a location for transport. It may include skidding, on-site processing, and loading of trees or logs onto trucks or skeleton cars. In forestry, the term logging is sometimes used narrowly to describe the logistics of moving wood from the stump to somewh... | Technology | Trees and forestry | null |
68181 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workstation | Workstation | A workstation is a special computer designed for technical or scientific applications. Intended primarily to be used by a single user, they are commonly connected to a local area network and run multi-user operating systems. The term workstation has been used loosely to refer to everything from a mainframe computer ter... | Technology | Computer hardware | null |
68206 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central%20dogma%20of%20molecular%20biology | Central dogma of molecular biology | The central dogma of molecular biology deals with the flow of genetic information within a biological system. It is often stated as "DNA makes RNA, and RNA makes protein", although this is not its original meaning. It was first stated by Francis Crick in 1957, then published in 1958:
He re-stated it in a Nature paper ... | Biology and health sciences | Molecular biology | Biology |
68300 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominance%20%28genetics%29 | Dominance (genetics) | In genetics, dominance is the phenomenon of one variant (allele) of a gene on a chromosome masking or overriding the effect of a different variant of the same gene on the other copy of the chromosome. The first variant is termed dominant and the second is called recessive. This state of having two different variants of... | Biology and health sciences | Genetics | Biology |
68316 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat%20pump | Heat pump | A heat pump is a device that uses energy (usually electricity) to transfer heat from a colder place to a warmer place. Specifically, the heat pump transfers thermal energy using a heat pump and refrigeration cycle, cooling the cool space and warming the warm space. In winter a heat pump can move heat from the cool outd... | Technology | Heating and cooling | null |
68326 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended%20periodic%20table | Extended periodic table | An extended periodic table theorizes about chemical elements beyond those currently known and proven. The element with the highest atomic number known is oganesson (Z = 118), which completes the seventh period (row) in the periodic table. All elements in the eighth period and beyond thus remain purely hypothetical.
El... | Physical sciences | Periods | Chemistry |
68367 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer%20chess | Computer chess | Computer chess includes both hardware (dedicated computers) and software capable of playing chess. Computer chess provides opportunities for players to practice even in the absence of human opponents, and also provides opportunities for analysis, entertainment and training. Computer chess applications that play at the ... | Technology | Artificial intelligence concepts | null |
68468 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dune%20buggy | Dune buggy | A dune buggy — also known as a beach buggy — is a recreational off-road vehicle with large wheels, and wide tires, designed for use on sand dunes, beaches, off-road or desert recreation. The design is usually a topless vehicle with a rear-mounted engine. A dune buggy can be created by modifying an existing vehicle or c... | Technology | Motorized road transport | null |
68513 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface%20science | Surface science | Surface science is the study of physical and chemical phenomena that occur at the interface of two phases, including solid–liquid interfaces, solid–gas interfaces, solid–vacuum interfaces, and liquid–gas interfaces. It includes the fields of surface chemistry and surface physics. Some related practical applications are... | Physical sciences | Subdisciplines | Chemistry |
68518 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemisorption | Chemisorption | Chemisorption is a kind of adsorption which involves a chemical reaction between the surface and the adsorbate. New chemical bonds are generated at the adsorbent surface. Examples include macroscopic phenomena that can be very obvious, like corrosion, and subtler effects associated with heterogeneous catalysis, where... | Physical sciences | Other separations | Chemistry |
68520 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physisorption | Physisorption | Physisorption, also called physical adsorption, is a process in which the electronic structure of the atom or molecule is barely perturbed upon adsorption.
Overview
The fundamental interacting force of physisorption is Van der Waals force. Even though the interaction energy is very weak (~10–100 meV), physisorption p... | Physical sciences | Other separations | Chemistry |
68630 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alarm%20device | Alarm device | An alarm device is a mechanism that gives an audible, visual, combination, or other kind of alarm signal to alert someone to a problem or condition that requires urgent attention.
Etymology
The word alarm comes from the Old French a l'arme meaning "to the arms", or "to the weapons", telling armed men to pick up their ... | Technology | Mechanisms | null |
68659 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonoidea | Ammonoidea | Ammonoids are extinct, (typically) coiled-shelled cephalopods comprising the subclass Ammonoidea. They are more closely related to living octopuses, squid, and cuttlefish (which comprise the clade Coleoidea) than they are to nautiluses (family Nautilidae). The earliest ammonoids appeared during the Emsian stage of the ... | Biology and health sciences | Cephalopods | Animals |
68674 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anise | Anise | Anise (; ), also called aniseed or rarely anix, is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae native to the eastern Mediterranean region and Southwest Asia.
The flavor and aroma of its seeds have similarities with some other spices and herbs, such as star anise, fennel, liquorice, and tarragon. It is widely cultivated a... | Biology and health sciences | Apiales | null |
68686 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raman%20spectroscopy | Raman spectroscopy | Raman spectroscopy () (named after physicist C. V. Raman) is a spectroscopic technique typically used to determine vibrational modes of molecules, although rotational and other low-frequency modes of systems may also be observed. Raman spectroscopy is commonly used in chemistry to provide a structural fingerprint by wh... | Physical sciences | Spectroscopy | Chemistry |
68756 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human%20tooth | Human tooth | Human teeth function to mechanically break down items of food by cutting and crushing them in preparation for swallowing and digesting. As such, they are considered part of the human digestive system. Humans have four types of teeth: incisors, canines, premolars, and molars, which each have a specific function. The inc... | Biology and health sciences | Human anatomy | null |
68819 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturopathy | Naturopathy | Naturopathy, or naturopathic medicine, is a form of alternative medicine. A wide array of practices branded as "natural", "non-invasive", or promoting "self-healing" are employed by its practitioners, who are known as naturopaths. Difficult to generalize, these treatments range from the pseudoscientific and thoroughly ... | Biology and health sciences | Alternative and traditional medicine | Health |
68833 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iteration | Iteration | Iteration is the repetition of a process in order to generate a (possibly unbounded) sequence of outcomes. Each repetition of the process is a single iteration, and the outcome of each iteration is then the starting point of the next iteration.
In mathematics and computer science, iteration (along with the related te... | Technology | Software development: General | null |
68853 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dahlia | Dahlia | Dahlia ( , ) is a genus of bushy, tuberous, herbaceous perennial plants native to Mexico and Central America. Dahlias are members of the Asteraceae (synonym name: Compositae) family of dicotyledonous plants, its relatives include the sunflower, daisy, chrysanthemum, and zinnia. There are 49 species of dahlia, with flo... | Biology and health sciences | Asterales | null |
68889 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblical%20and%20Talmudic%20units%20of%20measurement | Biblical and Talmudic units of measurement | Biblical and Talmudic units of measurement were used primarily by ancient Israelites and appear frequently within the Hebrew Bible as well as in later rabbinic writings, such as the Mishnah and Talmud. These units of measurement continue to be used in functions regulating Orthodox Jewish contemporary life, based on hal... | Physical sciences | Measurement systems | Basics and measurement |
68954 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nostril | Nostril | A nostril (or naris , : nares ) is either of the two orifices of the nose. They enable the entry and exit of air and other gasses through the nasal cavities. In birds and mammals, they contain branched bones or cartilages called turbinates, whose function is to warm air on inhalation and remove moisture on exhalation.... | Biology and health sciences | Sensory nervous system | Biology |
69053 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creosote | Creosote | Creosote is a category of carbonaceous chemicals formed by the distillation of various tars and pyrolysis of plant-derived material, such as wood, or fossil fuel. They are typically used as preservatives or antiseptics.
Some creosote types were used historically as a treatment for components of seagoing and outdoor wo... | Physical sciences | Hydrocarbons | Chemistry |
69079 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium | Ammonium | Ammonium is a modified form of ammonia that has an extra hydrogen atom. It is a positively charged (cationic) molecular ion with the chemical formula or . It is formed by the addition of a proton (a hydrogen nucleus) to ammonia (). Ammonium is also a general name for positively charged (protonated) substituted amines... | Physical sciences | Salts and ions: General | Chemistry |
69149 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMR%20vaccine | MMR vaccine | The MMR vaccine is a vaccine against measles, mumps, and rubella (German measles), abbreviated as MMR. The first dose is generally given to children around 9 months to 15 months of age, with a second dose at 15 months to 6 years of age, with at least four weeks between the doses. After two doses, 97% of people are prot... | Biology and health sciences | Vaccines | Health |
69220 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxicodendron | Toxicodendron | Toxicodendron is a genus of flowering plants in the sumac family, Anacardiaceae. It contains trees, shrubs and woody vines, including poison ivy, poison oak, and the lacquer tree. All members of the genus produce the skin-irritating oil urushiol, which can cause a severe allergic reaction. The generic name is derived f... | Biology and health sciences | Sapindales | Plants |
69232 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumac | Sumac | Sumac or sumach ( , )—not to be confused with poison sumac—is any of the roughly 35 species of flowering plants in the genus Rhus (and related genera) of the cashew and mango tree family, Anacardiaceae. However, it is Rhus coriaria that is most commonly used for culinary purposes. Sumac is prized as a spice—especially ... | Biology and health sciences | Herbs and spices | Plants |
69279 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angioplasty | Angioplasty | Angioplasty, also known as balloon angioplasty and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), is a minimally invasive endovascular procedure used to widen narrowed or obstructed arteries or veins, typically to treat arterial atherosclerosis.
A deflated balloon attached to a catheter (a balloon catheter) is passed ov... | Biology and health sciences | Surgery | Health |
69398 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta%20Works | Delta Works | The Delta Works () is a series of construction projects in the southwest of the Netherlands to protect a large area of land around the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta from the sea. Constructed between 1954 and 1997, the works consist of dams, sluices, locks, dykes, levees, and storm surge barriers located in the provinces of... | Technology | Dams | null |
69427 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botanical%20garden | Botanical garden | A botanical garden or botanic garden is a garden with a documented collection of living plants for the purpose of scientific research, conservation, display, and education. It is their mandate as a botanical garden that plants are labelled with their botanical names. It may contain specialist plant collections such as ... | Technology | Buildings and infrastructure | null |
69442 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterfall | Waterfall | A waterfall is any point in a river or stream where water flows over a vertical drop or a series of steep drops. Waterfalls also occur where meltwater drops over the edge
of a tabular iceberg or ice shelf.
Waterfalls can be formed in several ways, but the most common method of formation is that a river courses over a... | Physical sciences | Fluvial landforms | null |
69453 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstellar%20medium | Interstellar medium | The interstellar medium (ISM) is the matter and radiation that exists in the space between the star systems in a galaxy. This matter includes gas in ionic, atomic, and molecular form, as well as dust and cosmic rays. It fills interstellar space and blends smoothly into the surrounding intergalactic space. The energy th... | Physical sciences | Basics_3 | null |
69562 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasectomy | Vasectomy | Vasectomy is an elective surgical procedure that results in male sterilization, often as a means of permanent contraception. During the procedure, the male vasa deferentia are cut and tied or sealed so as to prevent sperm from entering into the urethra and thereby prevent fertilization of a female through sexual interc... | Biology and health sciences | Surgery | Health |
69656 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactive%20armour | Reactive armour | Reactive armour is a type of vehicle armour used in protecting vehicles, especially modern tanks, against shaped charges and hardened kinetic energy penetrators. The most common type is explosive reactive armour (ERA), but variants include self-limiting explosive reactive armour (SLERA), non-energetic reactive armour (... | Technology | Armour | null |
69688 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterilization%20%28medicine%29 | Sterilization (medicine) | Sterilization (also spelled sterilisation) is any of a number of medical methods of permanent birth control that intentionally leaves a person unable to reproduce. Sterilization methods include both surgical and non-surgical options for both males and females. Sterilization procedures are intended to be permanent; reve... | Biology and health sciences | Medical procedures | null |
69720 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastrointestinal%20tract | Gastrointestinal tract | The gastrointestinal tract (GI tract, digestive tract, alimentary canal) is the tract or passageway of the digestive system that leads from the mouth to the anus. The GI tract contains all the major organs of the digestive system, in humans and other animals, including the esophagus, stomach, and intestines. Food taken... | Biology and health sciences | Human anatomy | null |
69785 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelican | Pelican | Pelicans (genus Pelecanus) are a genus of large water birds that make up the family Pelecanidae. They are characterized by a long beak and a large throat pouch used for catching prey and draining water from the scooped-up contents before swallowing. They have predominantly pale plumage, except for the brown and Peruvia... | Biology and health sciences | Pelecanimorphae | null |
69794 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptogram | Cryptogram | A cryptogram is a type of puzzle that consists of a short piece of encrypted text. Generally the cipher used to encrypt the text is simple enough that the cryptogram can be solved by hand. Substitution ciphers where each letter is replaced by a different letter, number, or symbol are frequently used. To solve the puzzl... | Technology | Computer security | null |
69893 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headache | Headache | A headache, also known as cephalalgia, is the symptom of pain in the face, head, or neck. It can occur as a migraine, tension-type headache, or cluster headache. There is an increased risk of depression in those with severe headaches.
Headaches can occur as a result of many conditions. There are a number of different ... | Biology and health sciences | Symptoms and signs | Health |
69902 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme%20weather | Extreme weather | Extreme weather includes unexpected, unusual, severe, or unseasonal weather; weather at the extremes of the historical distribution—the range that has been seen in the past. Extreme events are based on a location's recorded weather history. They are defined as lying in the most unusual ten percent (10th or 90th percent... | Physical sciences | Climate change | Earth science |
5759935 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiamine%20deficiency | Thiamine deficiency | Thiamine deficiency is a medical condition of low levels of thiamine (vitamin B1). A severe and chronic form is known as beriberi. The name beriberi was possibly borrowed in the 18th century from the Sinhalese phrase (bæri bæri, “I cannot, I cannot”), owing to the weakness caused by the condition. The two main types i... | Biology and health sciences | Health and fitness: General | Health |
187315 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antenna%20%28zoology%29 | Antenna (zoology) | Antennae (: antenna) (sometimes referred to as "feelers") are paired appendages used for sensing in arthropods.
Antennae are connected to the first one or two segments of the arthropod head. They vary widely in form but are always made of one or more jointed segments. While they are typically sensory organs, the exact... | Biology and health sciences | Nervous system | Biology |
187317 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antenna%20%28radio%29 | Antenna (radio) | In radio engineering, an antenna (American English) or aerial (British English) is an electronic device that converts an alternating electric current into radio waves (transmitting), or radio waves into an electric current (receiving). It is the interface between radio waves propagating through space and electric cur... | Technology | Components | null |
187344 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil%20drop%20experiment | Oil drop experiment | The oil drop experiment was performed by Robert A. Millikan and Harvey Fletcher in 1909 to measure the elementary electric charge (the charge of the electron). The experiment took place in the Ryerson Physical Laboratory at the University of Chicago. Millikan received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1923.
The experiment... | Physical sciences | Basics_9 | null |
187360 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic%20susceptibility | Magnetic susceptibility | In electromagnetism, the magnetic susceptibility (; denoted , chi) is a measure of how much a material will become magnetized in an applied magnetic field. It is the ratio of magnetization (magnetic moment per unit volume) to the applied magnetic field intensity . This allows a simple classification, into two categori... | Physical sciences | Magnetostatics | Physics |
187377 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shipbuilding | Shipbuilding | Shipbuilding is the construction of ships and other floating vessels. In modern times, it normally takes place in a specialized facility known as a shipyard. Shipbuilders, also called shipwrights, follow a specialized occupation that traces its roots to before recorded history.
Until recently, with the development of ... | Technology | Maritime transport | null |
187386 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian%20vulture | Egyptian vulture | The Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus), also called the white scavenger vulture or pharaoh's chicken, is a small Old World vulture in the monotypic genus Neophron. It is widely distributed from the Iberian Peninsula, North Africa, West Asia and India. The contrasting underwing pattern and wedge-shaped tail make i... | Biology and health sciences | Accipitrimorphae | Animals |
187446 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orientability | Orientability | In mathematics, orientability is a property of some topological spaces such as real vector spaces, Euclidean spaces, surfaces, and more generally manifolds that allows a consistent definition of "clockwise" and "anticlockwise". A space is orientable if such a consistent definition exists. In this case, there are two po... | Mathematics | Topology | null |
187461 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenz%27s%20law | Lenz's law | Lenz's law states that the direction of the electric current induced in a conductor by a changing magnetic field is such that the magnetic field created by the induced current opposes changes in the initial magnetic field. It is named after physicist Heinrich Lenz, who formulated it in 1834.
It is a qualitative law th... | Physical sciences | Electrodynamics | Physics |
187721 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imprinting%20%28psychology%29 | Imprinting (psychology) | In psychology and ethology, imprinting is any kind of phase-sensitive learning (learning occurring at a particular age or a particular life stage) that is rapid and apparently independent of the consequences of behaviour. It was first used to describe situations in which an animal or person learns the characteristics o... | Biology and health sciences | Ethology | Biology |
187769 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudoscorpion | Pseudoscorpion | Pseudoscorpions, also known as false scorpions or book scorpions, are small, scorpion-like arachnids belonging to the order Pseudoscorpiones, also known as Pseudoscorpionida or Chelonethida.
Pseudoscorpions are generally beneficial to humans because they prey on clothes moth larvae, carpet beetle larvae, booklice, ant... | Biology and health sciences | Arachnids | null |
187813 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport%20Layer%20Security | Transport Layer Security | Transport Layer Security (TLS) is a cryptographic protocol designed to provide communications security over a computer network, such as the Internet. The protocol is widely used in applications such as email, instant messaging, and voice over IP, but its use in securing HTTPS remains the most publicly visible.
The TLS... | Technology | Computer security | null |
187849 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitness%20%28biology%29 | Fitness (biology) | Fitness (often denoted or ω in population genetics models) is a quantitative representation of individual reproductive success. It is also equal to the average contribution to the gene pool of the next generation, made by the same individuals of the specified genotype or phenotype. Fitness can be defined either with r... | Biology and health sciences | Basics_4 | Biology |
187897 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastodon | Mastodon | A mastodon ( 'breast' + 'tooth') is a member of the genus Mammut (German for 'mammoth'), which was endemic to North America and lived from the late Miocene to the early Holocene. Mastodons belong to the order Proboscidea, the same order as elephants and mammoths (which belong to the family Elephantidae). Mammut is the... | Biology and health sciences | Proboscidea | Animals |
187961 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acela | Acela | The Acela ( ; originally the Acela Express until September 2019) is Amtrak's flagship passenger train service along the Northeast Corridor (NEC) in the Northeastern United States between Washington, D.C. and Boston via 13 intermediate stops, including Baltimore, New York City and Philadelphia. Acela trains are the fast... | Technology | High-speed rail | null |
188037 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pnictogen | Pnictogen | |-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | ↓ Period
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The pnictogens ( or ; from "to choke" and -gen, "generator") are the chemical elements in group 15 of the periodic table. This group is also known as the nitrogen group or nitro... | Physical sciences | Group 15 | Chemistry |
188044 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convertible | Convertible | A convertible or cabriolet () is a passenger car that can be driven with or without a roof in place. The methods of retracting and storing the roof vary across eras and manufacturers.
A convertible car's design allows an open-air driving experience, with the ability to provide a roof when required. A potential drawbac... | Technology | Motorized road transport | null |
188086 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS%20Arizona | USS Arizona | USS Arizona was a standard-type battleship built for the United States Navy in the mid-1910s. Named in honor of the 48th state, she was the second and last ship in the . After being commissioned in 1916, Arizona remained stateside during World War I but escorted President Woodrow Wilson to the subsequent Paris Peace Co... | Technology | Specific seacraft | null |
188213 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yahoo | Yahoo | Yahoo (, styled yahoo! in its logo) is an American web services portal. The web portal provides search engine Yahoo Search and related services including My Yahoo, Yahoo Mail, Yahoo News, Yahoo Finance, Yahoo Sports and its advertising platform, Yahoo Native. It is operated by the namesake company Yahoo! Inc., which is... | Technology | Portals/Platform sites | null |
188288 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arteriosclerosis | Arteriosclerosis | Arteriosclerosis, literally meaning "hardening of the arteries", is an umbrella term for a vascular disorder characterized by abnormal thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries; this process gradually restricts the blood flow to one's organs and tissues and can lead to severe health risks b... | Biology and health sciences | Cardiovascular disease | Health |
188325 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ureter | Ureter | The ureters are tubes composed of smooth muscle that transport urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. In an adult human, the ureters typically measure 20 to 30 centimeters in length and about 3 to 4 millimeters in diameter. They are lined with urothelial cells, a form of transitional epithelium, and feature an ... | Biology and health sciences | Urinary system | Biology |
188378 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoric%20acid | Phosphoric acid | Phosphoric acid (orthophosphoric acid, monophosphoric acid or phosphoric(V) acid) is a colorless, odorless phosphorus-containing solid, and inorganic compound with the chemical formula . It is commonly encountered as an 85% aqueous solution, which is a colourless, odourless, and non-volatile syrupy liquid. It is a majo... | Physical sciences | Inorganic compounds | null |
188386 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighting | Lighting | Lighting or illumination is the deliberate use of light to achieve practical or aesthetic effects. Lighting includes the use of both artificial light sources like lamps and light fixtures, as well as natural illumination by capturing daylight. Daylighting (using windows, skylights, or light shelves) is sometimes used a... | Technology | Architectural elements | null |
188401 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axiomatic%20system | Axiomatic system | In mathematics and logic, an axiomatic system is any set of primitive notions and axioms to logically derive theorems. A theory is a consistent, relatively-self-contained body of knowledge which usually contains an axiomatic system and all its derived theorems. An axiomatic system that is completely described is a spec... | Mathematics | Axiomatic systems | null |
188488 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZIP%20%28file%20format%29 | ZIP (file format) | ZIP is an archive file format that supports lossless data compression. A ZIP file may contain one or more files or directories that may have been compressed. The ZIP file format permits a number of compression algorithms, though DEFLATE is the most common. This format was originally created in 1989 and was first implem... | Technology | File formats | null |
188494 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clavicle | Clavicle | The clavicle, collarbone, or keybone is a slender, S-shaped long bone approximately long that serves as a strut between the shoulder blade and the sternum (breastbone). There are two clavicles, one on each side of the body. The clavicle is the only long bone in the body that lies horizontally. Together with the should... | Biology and health sciences | Skeletal system | Biology |
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