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Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Swift to C.
import Foundation func stripBlocks(from str: String, open: String = "") -> String { guard !open.isEmpty && !close.isEmpty else { return str } var ret = str while let begin = ret.range(of: open), let end = ret[begin.upperBound...].range(of: close) { ret.replaceSubrange(Range(uncheckedBounds: (begin.lowerBound, end.upperBound)), with: "") } return ret } let test = """ function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } """ print(stripBlocks(from: test))
#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> const char *ca = ""; int al = 2, bl = 2; char *loadfile(const char *fn) { FILE *f = fopen(fn, "rb"); int l; char *s; if (f != NULL) { fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END); l = ftell(f); s = malloc(l+1); rewind(f); if (s) fread(s, 1, l, f); fclose(f); } return s; } void stripcomments(char *s) { char *a, *b; int len = strlen(s) + 1; while ((a = strstr(s, ca)) != NULL) { b = strstr(a+al, cb); if (b == NULL) break; b += bl; memmove(a, b, len-(b-a)); } } int main(int argc, char **argv) { const char *fn = "input.txt"; char *s; if (argc >= 2) fn = argv[1]; s = loadfile(fn); if (argc == 4) { al = strlen(ca = argv[2]); bl = strlen(cb = argv[3]); } stripcomments(s); puts(s); free(s); return 0; }
Convert the following code from Swift to C#, ensuring the logic remains intact.
import Foundation func stripBlocks(from str: String, open: String = "") -> String { guard !open.isEmpty && !close.isEmpty else { return str } var ret = str while let begin = ret.range(of: open), let end = ret[begin.upperBound...].range(of: close) { ret.replaceSubrange(Range(uncheckedBounds: (begin.lowerBound, end.upperBound)), with: "") } return ret } let test = """ function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } """ print(stripBlocks(from: test))
using System; class Program { private static string BlockCommentStrip(string commentStart, string commentEnd, string sampleText) { while (sampleText.IndexOf(commentStart) > -1 && sampleText.IndexOf(commentEnd, sampleText.IndexOf(commentStart) + commentStart.Length) > -1) { int start = sampleText.IndexOf(commentStart); int end = sampleText.IndexOf(commentEnd, start + commentStart.Length); sampleText = sampleText.Remove( start, (end + commentEnd.Length) - start ); } return sampleText; } }
Ensure the translated C++ code behaves exactly like the original Swift snippet.
import Foundation func stripBlocks(from str: String, open: String = "") -> String { guard !open.isEmpty && !close.isEmpty else { return str } var ret = str while let begin = ret.range(of: open), let end = ret[begin.upperBound...].range(of: close) { ret.replaceSubrange(Range(uncheckedBounds: (begin.lowerBound, end.upperBound)), with: "") } return ret } let test = """ function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } """ print(stripBlocks(from: test))
#include <string> #include <iostream> #include <iterator> #include <fstream> #include <boost/regex.hpp> int main( ) { std::ifstream codeFile( "samplecode.txt" ) ; if ( codeFile ) { boost::regex commentre( "/\\*.*?\\*/" ) ; std::string my_erase( "" ) ; std::string stripped ; std::string code( (std::istreambuf_iterator<char>( codeFile ) ) , std::istreambuf_iterator<char>( ) ) ; codeFile.close( ) ; stripped = boost::regex_replace( code , commentre , my_erase ) ; std::cout << "Code unstripped:\n" << stripped << std::endl ; return 0 ; } else { std::cout << "Could not find code file!" << std::endl ; return 1 ; } }
Please provide an equivalent version of this Swift code in Java.
import Foundation func stripBlocks(from str: String, open: String = "") -> String { guard !open.isEmpty && !close.isEmpty else { return str } var ret = str while let begin = ret.range(of: open), let end = ret[begin.upperBound...].range(of: close) { ret.replaceSubrange(Range(uncheckedBounds: (begin.lowerBound, end.upperBound)), with: "") } return ret } let test = """ function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } """ print(stripBlocks(from: test))
import java.io.*; public class StripBlockComments{ public static String readFile(String filename) { BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(filename)); try { StringBuilder fileContents = new StringBuilder(); char[] buffer = new char[4096]; while (reader.read(buffer, 0, 4096) > 0) { fileContents.append(buffer); } return fileContents.toString(); } finally { reader.close(); } } public static String stripComments(String beginToken, String endToken, String input) { StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder(); while (true) { int begin = input.indexOf(beginToken); int end = input.indexOf(endToken, begin+beginToken.length()); if (begin == -1 || end == -1) { output.append(input); return output.toString(); } output.append(input.substring(0, begin)); input = input.substring(end + endToken.length()); } } public static void main(String[] args) { if (args.length < 3) { System.out.println("Usage: BeginToken EndToken FileToProcess"); System.exit(1); } String begin = args[0]; String end = args[1]; String input = args[2]; try { System.out.println(stripComments(begin, end, readFile(input))); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); System.exit(1); } } }
Translate this program into Python but keep the logic exactly as in Swift.
import Foundation func stripBlocks(from str: String, open: String = "") -> String { guard !open.isEmpty && !close.isEmpty else { return str } var ret = str while let begin = ret.range(of: open), let end = ret[begin.upperBound...].range(of: close) { ret.replaceSubrange(Range(uncheckedBounds: (begin.lowerBound, end.upperBound)), with: "") } return ret } let test = """ function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } """ print(stripBlocks(from: test))
def _commentstripper(txt, delim): 'Strips first nest of block comments' deliml, delimr = delim out = '' if deliml in txt: indx = txt.index(deliml) out += txt[:indx] txt = txt[indx+len(deliml):] txt = _commentstripper(txt, delim) assert delimr in txt, 'Cannot find closing comment delimiter in ' + txt indx = txt.index(delimr) out += txt[(indx+len(delimr)):] else: out = txt return out def commentstripper(txt, delim=('/*', '*/')): 'Strips nests of block comments' deliml, delimr = delim while deliml in txt: txt = _commentstripper(txt, delim) return txt
Convert this Swift block to VB, preserving its control flow and logic.
import Foundation func stripBlocks(from str: String, open: String = "") -> String { guard !open.isEmpty && !close.isEmpty else { return str } var ret = str while let begin = ret.range(of: open), let end = ret[begin.upperBound...].range(of: close) { ret.replaceSubrange(Range(uncheckedBounds: (begin.lowerBound, end.upperBound)), with: "") } return ret } let test = """ function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } """ print(stripBlocks(from: test))
Dim t As String Dim s() As Byte Dim j As Integer Dim SourceLength As Integer Dim flag As Boolean Private Sub Block_Comment(sOpBC As String, sClBC As String) flag = False Do While j < SourceLength - 2 Select Case s(j) Case Asc(Left(sOpBC, 1)) If s(j + 1) = Asc(Right(sOpBC, 1)) Then j = j + 2 Block_Comment sOpBC, sClBC End If Case Asc(Left(sClBC, 1)) If s(j + 1) = Asc(Right(sClBC, 1)) Then flag = True j = j + 2 Exit Do End If Case Else End Select j = j + 1 Loop If Not flag Then MsgBox "Error, missing close block comment delimeter" End Sub Private Sub String_Literal() flag = False Do While j < SourceLength - 2 If s(j) = Asc("""") Then If s(j + 1) = Asc("""") Then t = t + Chr(s(j)) j = j + 1 Else flag = True t = t + Chr(s(j)) j = j + 1 Exit Do End If End If t = t + Chr(s(j)) j = j + 1 Loop If Not flag Then MsgBox "Error, missing closing string delimeter" End Sub Private Sub Other_Text(Optional sOpBC As String = "/*", Optional sClBC As String = "*/") If Len(sOpBC) <> 2 Then MsgBox "Error, open block comment delimeter must be 2" & _ " characters long, got " & Len(sOpBC) & " characters" Exit Sub End If If Len(sClBC) <> 2 Then MsgBox "Error, close block comment delimeter must be 2" & _ " characters long, got " & Len(sClBC) & " characters" Exit Sub End If Do While j < SourceLength - 1 Select Case s(j) Case Asc(""""): t = t + Chr(s(j)) j = j + 1 String_Literal Case Asc(Left(sOpBC, 1)) If s(j + 1) = Asc(Right(sOpBC, 1)) Then j = j + 2 Block_Comment sOpBC, sClBC Else t = t + Chr(s(j)) j = j + 1 End If Case Else t = t + Chr(s(j)) j = j + 1 End Select Loop If j = SourceLength - 1 Then t = t + Chr(s(j)) End Sub Public Sub strip_block_comment() Dim n As String n = n & "/**" & vbCrLf n = n & "* Some comments /*NESTED COMMENT*/" & vbCrLf n = n & "* longer comments here that we can parse." & vbCrLf n = n & "*" & vbCrLf n = n & "* Rahoo" & vbCrLf n = n & "*/" & vbCrLf n = n & "mystring = ""This is the """"/*"""" open comment block mark.""" & vbCrLf n = n & "function subroutine() {" & vbCrLf n = n & "a = /* inline comment */ b + c ;" & vbCrLf n = n & "}" & vbCrLf n = n & "/*/ <-- tricky /*NESTED*/ comments */" & vbCrLf n = n & "" & vbCrLf n = n & "/**" & vbCrLf n = n & "* Another comment." & vbCrLf n = n & "*/" & vbCrLf n = n & "function something() {" & vbCrLf n = n & "}" s = StrConv(n, vbFromUnicode) j = 0 t = "" SourceLength = Len(n) Other_Text Debug.Print "Original text:" Debug.Print String$(60, "-") Debug.Print n & vbCrLf Debug.Print "Text after deleting comment blocks, preserving string literals:" Debug.Print String$(60, "-") Debug.Print t End Sub
Translate this program into Go but keep the logic exactly as in Swift.
import Foundation func stripBlocks(from str: String, open: String = "") -> String { guard !open.isEmpty && !close.isEmpty else { return str } var ret = str while let begin = ret.range(of: open), let end = ret[begin.upperBound...].range(of: close) { ret.replaceSubrange(Range(uncheckedBounds: (begin.lowerBound, end.upperBound)), with: "") } return ret } let test = """ function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } """ print(stripBlocks(from: test))
package main import ( "fmt" "strings" ) func newStripper(start, end string) func(string) string { if start == "" || end == "" { start, end = "" } return func(source string) string { for { cs := strings.Index(source, start) if cs < 0 { break } ce := strings.Index(source[cs+2:], end) if ce < 0 { break } source = source[:cs] + source[cs+ce+4:] } return source } } func main() { stripC := newStripper("", "") fmt.Println(stripC(` function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { }`)) }
Write the same code in C as shown below in Tcl.
proc stripBlockComment {string {openDelimiter "/*"} {closeDelimiter "*/"}} { set openAsRE [regsub -all {\W} $openDelimiter {\\&}] set closeAsRE [regsub -all {\W} $closeDelimiter {\\&}] regsub -all "$openAsRE.*?$closeAsRE" $string "" }
#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> const char *ca = ""; int al = 2, bl = 2; char *loadfile(const char *fn) { FILE *f = fopen(fn, "rb"); int l; char *s; if (f != NULL) { fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END); l = ftell(f); s = malloc(l+1); rewind(f); if (s) fread(s, 1, l, f); fclose(f); } return s; } void stripcomments(char *s) { char *a, *b; int len = strlen(s) + 1; while ((a = strstr(s, ca)) != NULL) { b = strstr(a+al, cb); if (b == NULL) break; b += bl; memmove(a, b, len-(b-a)); } } int main(int argc, char **argv) { const char *fn = "input.txt"; char *s; if (argc >= 2) fn = argv[1]; s = loadfile(fn); if (argc == 4) { al = strlen(ca = argv[2]); bl = strlen(cb = argv[3]); } stripcomments(s); puts(s); free(s); return 0; }
Transform the following Tcl implementation into C#, maintaining the same output and logic.
proc stripBlockComment {string {openDelimiter "/*"} {closeDelimiter "*/"}} { set openAsRE [regsub -all {\W} $openDelimiter {\\&}] set closeAsRE [regsub -all {\W} $closeDelimiter {\\&}] regsub -all "$openAsRE.*?$closeAsRE" $string "" }
using System; class Program { private static string BlockCommentStrip(string commentStart, string commentEnd, string sampleText) { while (sampleText.IndexOf(commentStart) > -1 && sampleText.IndexOf(commentEnd, sampleText.IndexOf(commentStart) + commentStart.Length) > -1) { int start = sampleText.IndexOf(commentStart); int end = sampleText.IndexOf(commentEnd, start + commentStart.Length); sampleText = sampleText.Remove( start, (end + commentEnd.Length) - start ); } return sampleText; } }
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Tcl to C++.
proc stripBlockComment {string {openDelimiter "/*"} {closeDelimiter "*/"}} { set openAsRE [regsub -all {\W} $openDelimiter {\\&}] set closeAsRE [regsub -all {\W} $closeDelimiter {\\&}] regsub -all "$openAsRE.*?$closeAsRE" $string "" }
#include <string> #include <iostream> #include <iterator> #include <fstream> #include <boost/regex.hpp> int main( ) { std::ifstream codeFile( "samplecode.txt" ) ; if ( codeFile ) { boost::regex commentre( "/\\*.*?\\*/" ) ; std::string my_erase( "" ) ; std::string stripped ; std::string code( (std::istreambuf_iterator<char>( codeFile ) ) , std::istreambuf_iterator<char>( ) ) ; codeFile.close( ) ; stripped = boost::regex_replace( code , commentre , my_erase ) ; std::cout << "Code unstripped:\n" << stripped << std::endl ; return 0 ; } else { std::cout << "Could not find code file!" << std::endl ; return 1 ; } }
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Tcl to Java.
proc stripBlockComment {string {openDelimiter "/*"} {closeDelimiter "*/"}} { set openAsRE [regsub -all {\W} $openDelimiter {\\&}] set closeAsRE [regsub -all {\W} $closeDelimiter {\\&}] regsub -all "$openAsRE.*?$closeAsRE" $string "" }
import java.io.*; public class StripBlockComments{ public static String readFile(String filename) { BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(filename)); try { StringBuilder fileContents = new StringBuilder(); char[] buffer = new char[4096]; while (reader.read(buffer, 0, 4096) > 0) { fileContents.append(buffer); } return fileContents.toString(); } finally { reader.close(); } } public static String stripComments(String beginToken, String endToken, String input) { StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder(); while (true) { int begin = input.indexOf(beginToken); int end = input.indexOf(endToken, begin+beginToken.length()); if (begin == -1 || end == -1) { output.append(input); return output.toString(); } output.append(input.substring(0, begin)); input = input.substring(end + endToken.length()); } } public static void main(String[] args) { if (args.length < 3) { System.out.println("Usage: BeginToken EndToken FileToProcess"); System.exit(1); } String begin = args[0]; String end = args[1]; String input = args[2]; try { System.out.println(stripComments(begin, end, readFile(input))); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); System.exit(1); } } }
Port the provided Tcl code into Python while preserving the original functionality.
proc stripBlockComment {string {openDelimiter "/*"} {closeDelimiter "*/"}} { set openAsRE [regsub -all {\W} $openDelimiter {\\&}] set closeAsRE [regsub -all {\W} $closeDelimiter {\\&}] regsub -all "$openAsRE.*?$closeAsRE" $string "" }
def _commentstripper(txt, delim): 'Strips first nest of block comments' deliml, delimr = delim out = '' if deliml in txt: indx = txt.index(deliml) out += txt[:indx] txt = txt[indx+len(deliml):] txt = _commentstripper(txt, delim) assert delimr in txt, 'Cannot find closing comment delimiter in ' + txt indx = txt.index(delimr) out += txt[(indx+len(delimr)):] else: out = txt return out def commentstripper(txt, delim=('/*', '*/')): 'Strips nests of block comments' deliml, delimr = delim while deliml in txt: txt = _commentstripper(txt, delim) return txt
Convert this Tcl block to VB, preserving its control flow and logic.
proc stripBlockComment {string {openDelimiter "/*"} {closeDelimiter "*/"}} { set openAsRE [regsub -all {\W} $openDelimiter {\\&}] set closeAsRE [regsub -all {\W} $closeDelimiter {\\&}] regsub -all "$openAsRE.*?$closeAsRE" $string "" }
Dim t As String Dim s() As Byte Dim j As Integer Dim SourceLength As Integer Dim flag As Boolean Private Sub Block_Comment(sOpBC As String, sClBC As String) flag = False Do While j < SourceLength - 2 Select Case s(j) Case Asc(Left(sOpBC, 1)) If s(j + 1) = Asc(Right(sOpBC, 1)) Then j = j + 2 Block_Comment sOpBC, sClBC End If Case Asc(Left(sClBC, 1)) If s(j + 1) = Asc(Right(sClBC, 1)) Then flag = True j = j + 2 Exit Do End If Case Else End Select j = j + 1 Loop If Not flag Then MsgBox "Error, missing close block comment delimeter" End Sub Private Sub String_Literal() flag = False Do While j < SourceLength - 2 If s(j) = Asc("""") Then If s(j + 1) = Asc("""") Then t = t + Chr(s(j)) j = j + 1 Else flag = True t = t + Chr(s(j)) j = j + 1 Exit Do End If End If t = t + Chr(s(j)) j = j + 1 Loop If Not flag Then MsgBox "Error, missing closing string delimeter" End Sub Private Sub Other_Text(Optional sOpBC As String = "/*", Optional sClBC As String = "*/") If Len(sOpBC) <> 2 Then MsgBox "Error, open block comment delimeter must be 2" & _ " characters long, got " & Len(sOpBC) & " characters" Exit Sub End If If Len(sClBC) <> 2 Then MsgBox "Error, close block comment delimeter must be 2" & _ " characters long, got " & Len(sClBC) & " characters" Exit Sub End If Do While j < SourceLength - 1 Select Case s(j) Case Asc(""""): t = t + Chr(s(j)) j = j + 1 String_Literal Case Asc(Left(sOpBC, 1)) If s(j + 1) = Asc(Right(sOpBC, 1)) Then j = j + 2 Block_Comment sOpBC, sClBC Else t = t + Chr(s(j)) j = j + 1 End If Case Else t = t + Chr(s(j)) j = j + 1 End Select Loop If j = SourceLength - 1 Then t = t + Chr(s(j)) End Sub Public Sub strip_block_comment() Dim n As String n = n & "/**" & vbCrLf n = n & "* Some comments /*NESTED COMMENT*/" & vbCrLf n = n & "* longer comments here that we can parse." & vbCrLf n = n & "*" & vbCrLf n = n & "* Rahoo" & vbCrLf n = n & "*/" & vbCrLf n = n & "mystring = ""This is the """"/*"""" open comment block mark.""" & vbCrLf n = n & "function subroutine() {" & vbCrLf n = n & "a = /* inline comment */ b + c ;" & vbCrLf n = n & "}" & vbCrLf n = n & "/*/ <-- tricky /*NESTED*/ comments */" & vbCrLf n = n & "" & vbCrLf n = n & "/**" & vbCrLf n = n & "* Another comment." & vbCrLf n = n & "*/" & vbCrLf n = n & "function something() {" & vbCrLf n = n & "}" s = StrConv(n, vbFromUnicode) j = 0 t = "" SourceLength = Len(n) Other_Text Debug.Print "Original text:" Debug.Print String$(60, "-") Debug.Print n & vbCrLf Debug.Print "Text after deleting comment blocks, preserving string literals:" Debug.Print String$(60, "-") Debug.Print t End Sub
Rewrite this program in Go while keeping its functionality equivalent to the Tcl version.
proc stripBlockComment {string {openDelimiter "/*"} {closeDelimiter "*/"}} { set openAsRE [regsub -all {\W} $openDelimiter {\\&}] set closeAsRE [regsub -all {\W} $closeDelimiter {\\&}] regsub -all "$openAsRE.*?$closeAsRE" $string "" }
package main import ( "fmt" "strings" ) func newStripper(start, end string) func(string) string { if start == "" || end == "" { start, end = "" } return func(source string) string { for { cs := strings.Index(source, start) if cs < 0 { break } ce := strings.Index(source[cs+2:], end) if ce < 0 { break } source = source[:cs] + source[cs+ce+4:] } return source } } func main() { stripC := newStripper("", "") fmt.Println(stripC(` function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { }`)) }
Maintain the same structure and functionality when rewriting this code in PHP.
with Ada.Strings.Fixed; with Ada.Strings.Unbounded; with Ada.Text_IO; with Ada.Command_Line; procedure Strip is use Ada.Strings.Unbounded; procedure Print_Usage is begin Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line ("Usage:"); Ada.Text_IO.New_Line; Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line (" strip <file> [<opening> [<closing>]]"); Ada.Text_IO.New_Line; Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line (" file: file to strip"); Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line (" opening: string for opening comment"); Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line (" closing: string for closing comment"); Ada.Text_IO.New_Line; end Print_Usage; Opening_Pattern : Unbounded_String := To_Unbounded_String ("/*"); Closing_Pattern : Unbounded_String := To_Unbounded_String ("*/"); Inside_Comment : Boolean := False; function Strip_Comments (From : String) return String is use Ada.Strings.Fixed; Opening_Index : Natural; Closing_Index : Natural; Start_Index : Natural := From'First; begin if Inside_Comment then Start_Index := Index (Source => From, Pattern => To_String (Closing_Pattern)); if Start_Index < From'First then return ""; end if; Inside_Comment := False; Start_Index := Start_Index + Length (Closing_Pattern); end if; Opening_Index := Index (Source => From, Pattern => To_String (Opening_Pattern), From => Start_Index); if Opening_Index < From'First then return From (Start_Index .. From'Last); else Closing_Index := Index (Source => From, Pattern => To_String (Closing_Pattern), From => Opening_Index + Length (Opening_Pattern)); if Closing_Index > 0 then return From (Start_Index .. Opening_Index - 1) & Strip_Comments (From ( Closing_Index + Length (Closing_Pattern) .. From'Last)); else Inside_Comment := True; return From (Start_Index .. Opening_Index - 1); end if; end if; end Strip_Comments; File : Ada.Text_IO.File_Type; begin if Ada.Command_Line.Argument_Count < 1 or else Ada.Command_Line.Argument_Count > 3 then Print_Usage; return; end if; if Ada.Command_Line.Argument_Count > 1 then Opening_Pattern := To_Unbounded_String (Ada.Command_Line.Argument (2)); if Ada.Command_Line.Argument_Count > 2 then Closing_Pattern := To_Unbounded_String (Ada.Command_Line.Argument (3)); else Closing_Pattern := Opening_Pattern; end if; end if; Ada.Text_IO.Open (File => File, Mode => Ada.Text_IO.In_File, Name => Ada.Command_Line.Argument (1)); while not Ada.Text_IO.End_Of_File (File => File) loop declare Line : constant String := Ada.Text_IO.Get_Line (File); begin Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line (Strip_Comments (Line)); end; end loop; Ada.Text_IO.Close (File => File); end Strip;
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Transform the following AutoHotKey implementation into PHP, maintaining the same output and logic.
code = ( function subroutine() { a = b + c  } function something() { } ) openC:="" openC:=RegExReplace(openC,"(\*|\^|\?|\\|\+|\.|\!|\{|\}|\[|\]|\$|\|)","\$0") closeC:=RegExReplace(closeC,"(\*|\^|\?|\\|\+|\.|\!|\{|\}|\[|\]|\$|\|)","\$0") MsgBox % sCode := RegExReplace(code,"s)(" . openC . ").*?(" . closeC . ")")
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in PHP.
{ while ((start = index($0,"/*")) != 0) { out = substr($0,1,start-1) rest = substr($0,start+2) while ((end = index(rest,"*/")) == 0) { if (getline <= 0) { printf("unexpected EOF or error: %s\n",ERRNO) >"/dev/stderr" exit } rest = rest $0 } rest = substr(rest,end+2) $0 = out rest } printf("%s\n",$0) } END { exit(0) }
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Port the provided BBC_Basic code into PHP while preserving the original functionality.
infile$ = "C:\sample.c" outfile$ = "C:\stripped.c" PROCstripblockcomments(infile$, outfile$, "/*", "*/") END DEF PROCstripblockcomments(infile$, outfile$, start$, finish$) LOCAL infile%, outfile%, comment%, test%, A$ infile% = OPENIN(infile$) IF infile%=0 ERROR 100, "Could not open input file" outfile% = OPENOUT(outfile$) IF outfile%=0 ERROR 100, "Could not open output file" WHILE NOT EOF#infile% A$ = GET$#infile% TO 10 REPEAT IF comment% THEN test% = INSTR(A$, finish$) IF test% THEN A$ = MID$(A$, test% + LEN(finish$)) comment% = FALSE ENDIF ELSE test% = INSTR(A$, start$) IF test% THEN BPUT#outfile%, LEFT$(A$, test%-1); A$ = MID$(A$, test% + LEN(start$)) comment% = TRUE ENDIF ENDIF UNTIL test%=0 IF NOT comment% BPUT#outfile%, A$ ENDWHILE CLOSE #infile% CLOSE #outfile% ENDPROC
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in PHP.
(defn comment-strip [txt & args] (let [args (conj {:delim ["/*" "*/"]} (apply hash-map args)) [opener closer] (:delim args)] (loop [out "", txt txt, delim-count 0] (let [[hdtxt resttxt] (split-at (count opener) txt)] (printf "hdtxt=%8s resttxt=%8s out=%8s txt=%16s delim-count=%s\n" (apply str hdtxt) (apply str resttxt) out (apply str txt) delim-count) (cond (empty? hdtxt) (str out (apply str txt)) (= (apply str hdtxt) opener) (recur out resttxt (inc delim-count)) (= (apply str hdtxt) closer) (recur out resttxt (dec delim-count)) (= delim-count 0)(recur (str out (first txt)) (rest txt) delim-count) true (recur out (rest txt) delim-count))))))
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Translate this program into PHP but keep the logic exactly as in D.
import std.algorithm, std.regex; string[2] separateComments(in string txt, in string cpat0, in string cpat1) { int[2] plen; int i, j; bool inside; bool advCursor() { auto mo = match(txt[i .. $], inside ? cpat1 : cpat0); if (mo.empty) return false; plen[inside] = max(0, plen[inside], mo.front[0].length); j = i + mo.pre.length; if (inside) j += mo.front[0].length; if (!match(mo.front[0], r"\n|\r").empty) j--; return true; } string[2] result; while (true) { if (!advCursor()) break; result[inside] ~= txt[i .. j]; if (inside && (j - i < plen[0] + plen[1])) { i = j; if (!advCursor()) break; result[inside] ~= txt[i .. j]; } i = j; inside = !inside; } if (inside) throw new Exception("Mismatched Comment"); result[inside] ~= txt[i .. $]; return result; } void main() { import std.stdio; static void showResults(in string e, in string[2] pair) { writeln("===Original text:\n", e); writeln("\n\n===Text without comments:\n", pair[0]); writeln("\n\n===The stripped comments:\n", pair[1]); } immutable ex1 = ` function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { }`; showResults(ex1, separateComments(ex1, `/\*`, `\*/`)); writeln("\n"); immutable ex2 = "apples, pears # and bananas apples, pears; and bananas "; showResults(ex2, separateComments(ex2, `#|;`, `[\n\r]|$`)); }
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Delphi to PHP.
program Strip_block_comments; uses System.SysUtils; function BlockCommentStrip(commentStart, commentEnd, sampleText: string): string; begin while ((sampleText.IndexOf(commentStart) > -1) and (sampleText.IndexOf(commentEnd, sampleText.IndexOf(commentStart) + commentStart.Length) > -1)) do begin var start := sampleText.IndexOf(commentStart); var _end := sampleText.IndexOf(commentEnd, start + commentStart.Length); sampleText := sampleText.Remove(start, (_end + commentEnd.Length) - start); end; Result := sampleText; end; const test = '/**' + #10 + '* Some comments' + #10 + '* longer comments here that we can parse.' + #10 + '*' + #10 + '* Rahoo ' + #10 + '*/' + #10 + 'function subroutine() ' + #10 + '/*/ <-- tricky comments */' + #10 + '' + #10 + '/**' + #10 + '* Another comment.' + #10 + '*/' + #10 + 'function something() '; begin writeln(BlockCommentStrip('/*', '*/', test)); readln; end.
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Ensure the translated PHP code behaves exactly like the original F# snippet.
open System open System.Text.RegularExpressions let balancedComments opening closing = new Regex( String.Format(""" {0} # An outer opening delimiter (?> # efficiency: no backtracking here {0} (?<LEVEL>) # An opening delimiter, one level down | {1} (?<-LEVEL>) # A closing delimiter, one level up | (?! {0} | {1} ) . # With negative lookahead: Anything but delimiters )* # As many times as we see these (?(LEVEL)(?!)) # Fail, unless on level 0 here {1} # Outer closing delimiter """, Regex.Escape(opening), Regex.Escape(closing)), RegexOptions.IgnorePatternWhitespace ||| RegexOptions.Singleline) [<EntryPoint>] let main args = let sample = """ /** * Some comments * longer comments here that we can parse. * * Rahoo */ function subroutine() { a = /* inline comment */ b + c ; } /*/ <-- tricky comments */ /** * Another comment. * /* nested balanced */ */ function something() { } """ let balancedC = balancedComments "/*" "*/" printfn "%s" (balancedC.Replace(sample, "")) 0
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Produce a functionally identical PHP code for the snippet given in Factor.
: strip-block-comments ( string -- string ) R/ /\*.*?\*\// "" re-replace ;
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Rewrite the snippet below in PHP so it works the same as the original Fortran code.
SUBROUTINE UNBLOCK(THIS,THAT) Copies from file INF to file OUT, record by record, except skipping null output records. CHARACTER*(*) THIS,THAT INTEGER LOTS PARAMETER (LOTS = 6666) CHARACTER*(LOTS) ACARD,ALINE INTEGER LC,LL,L INTEGER L1,L2 INTEGER NC,NL LOGICAL BLAH INTEGER MSG,KBD,INF,OUT COMMON /IODEV/MSG,KBD,INF,OUT NC = 0 NL = 0 BLAH = .FALSE. Chug through the input. 10 READ(INF,11,END = 100) LC,ACARD(1:MIN(LC,LOTS)) 11 FORMAT (Q,A) NC = NC + 1 IF (LC.GT.LOTS) THEN WRITE (MSG,12) NC,LC,LOTS 12 FORMAT ("Record ",I0," has length ",I0," LC = LOTS END IF Chew through ACARD according to mood. LL = 0 L2 = 0 20 L1 = L2 + 1 IF (L1.LE.LC) THEN L2 = L1 IF (BLAH) THEN 21 IF (L2 + LEN(THAT) - 1 .LE. LC) THEN IF (ACARD(L2:L2 + LEN(THAT) - 1).EQ.THAT) THEN BLAH = .FALSE. L2 = L2 + LEN(THAT) - 1 GO TO 20 END IF L2 = L2 + 1 GO TO 21 END IF ELSE 22 IF (L2 + LEN(THIS) - 1 .LE. LC) THEN IF (ACARD(L2:L2 + LEN(THIS) - 1).EQ.THIS) THEN BLAH = .TRUE. L = L2 - L1 ALINE(LL + 1:LL + L) = ACARD(L1:L2 - 1) LL = LL + L L2 = L2 + LEN(THIS) - 1 GO TO 20 END IF L2 = L2 + 1 GO TO 22 END IF L = LC - L1 + 1 ALINE(LL + 1:LL + L) = ACARD(L1:LC) LL = LL + L END IF END IF Cast forth some output. IF (LL.GT.0) THEN WRITE (OUT,23) ALINE(1:LL) 23 FORMAT (">",A,"<") NL = NL + 1 END IF GO TO 10 Completed. 100 WRITE (MSG,101) NC,NL 101 FORMAT (I0," read, ",I0," written.") END PROGRAM TEST INTEGER MSG,KBD,INF,OUT COMMON /IODEV/MSG,KBD,INF,OUT KBD = 5 MSG = 6 INF = 10 OUT = 11 OPEN (INF,FILE="Source.txt",STATUS="OLD",ACTION="READ") OPEN (OUT,FILE="Src.txt",STATUS="REPLACE",ACTION="WRITE") CALL UNBLOCK("/*","*/") END
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Maintain the same structure and functionality when rewriting this code in PHP.
def code = """ function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } """ println ((code =~ "(?:/\\*(?:[^*]|(?:\\*+[^*/]))*\\*+/)|(?:
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Translate this program into PHP but keep the logic exactly as in Haskell.
test = "This {- is not the beginning of a block comment"
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Icon to PHP.
procedure main() every (unstripped := "") ||:= !&input || "\n" write(stripBlockComment(unstripped,"/*","*/")) end procedure stripBlockComment(s1,s2,s3) result := "" s1 ? { while result ||:= tab(find(s2)) do { move(*s2) tab(find(s3)|0) move(*s3) } return result || tab(0) } end
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Please provide an equivalent version of this J code in PHP.
strip=:#~1 0 _1*./@:(|."0 1)2>4{"1(5;(0,"0~".;._2]0 :0);'/*'i.a.)&;: 1 0 0 0 2 0 2 3 2 0 2 2 )
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Produce a language-to-language conversion: from Julia to PHP, same semantics.
function _stripcomments(txt::AbstractString, dlm::Tuple{String,String}) "Strips first nest of block comments" dlml, dlmr = dlm indx = searchindex(txt, dlml) if indx > 0 out = IOBuffer() write(out, txt[1:indx-1]) txt = txt[indx+length(dlml):end] txt = _stripcomments(txt, dlm) indx = searchindex(txt, dlmr) @assert(indx > 0, "cannot find a closer delimiter \"$dlmr\" in $txt") write(out, txt[indx+length(dlmr):end]) else out = txt end return String(out) end function stripcomments(txt::AbstractString, dlm::Tuple{String,String}=("/*", "*/")) "Strips nests of block comments" dlml, dlmr = dlm while contains(txt, dlml) txt = _stripcomments(txt, dlm) end return txt end function main() println("\nNON-NESTED BLOCK COMMENT EXAMPLE:") smpl = """ /** * Some comments * longer comments here that we can parse. * * Rahoo */ function subroutine() { a = /* inline comment */ b + c ; } /*/ <-- tricky comments */ /** * Another comment. */ function something() { } """ println(stripcomments(smpl)) println("\nNESTED BLOCK COMMENT EXAMPLE:") smpl = """ /** * Some comments * longer comments here that we can parse. * * Rahoo *//* function subroutine() { a = /* inline comment */ b + c ; } /*/ <-- tricky comments */ */ /** * Another comment. */ function something() { } """ println(stripcomments(smpl)) end main()
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Rewrite this program in PHP while keeping its functionality equivalent to the Lua version.
filename = "Text1.txt" fp = io.open( filename, "r" ) str = fp:read( "*all" ) fp:close() stripped = string.gsub( str, "/%*.-%*/", "" ) print( stripped )
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Convert the following code from Mathematica to PHP, ensuring the logic remains intact.
StringReplace[a,"/*"~~Shortest[___]~~"*/" -> ""] -> function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { }
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Write a version of this MATLAB function in PHP with identical behavior.
function str = stripblockcomment(str,startmarker,endmarker) while(1) ix1 = strfind(str, startmarker); if isempty(ix1) return; end; ix2 = strfind(str(ix1+length(startmarker):end),endmarker); if isempty(ix2) str = str(1:ix1(1)-1); return; else str = [str(1:ix1(1)-1),str(ix1(1)+ix2(1)+length(endmarker)+1:end)]; end; end; end;
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Port the provided Nim code into PHP while preserving the original functionality.
import strutils proc commentStripper(txt: string; delim: tuple[l, r: string] = ("/*", "*/")): string = let i = txt.find(delim.l) if i < 0: return txt result = if i > 0: txt[0 ..< i] else: "" let tmp = commentStripper(txt[i+delim.l.len .. txt.high], delim) let j = tmp.find(delim.r) assert j >= 0 result &= tmp[j+delim.r.len .. tmp.high] echo "NON-NESTED BLOCK COMMENT EXAMPLE:" echo commentStripper("""/** * Some comments * longer comments here that we can parse. * * Rahoo */ function subroutine() { a = /* inline comment */ b + c ; } /*/ <-- tricky comments */ /** * Another comment. */ function something() { }""") echo "\nNESTED BLOCK COMMENT EXAMPLE:" echo commentStripper(""" /** * Some comments * longer comments here that we can parse. * * Rahoo *//* function subroutine() { a = /* inline comment */ b + c ; } /*/ <-- tricky comments */ */ /** * Another comment. */ function something() { }""")
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Write the same algorithm in PHP as shown in this Perl implementation.
use strict ; use warnings ; open( FH , "<" , "samplecode.txt" ) or die "Can't open file!$!\n" ; my $code = "" ; { local $/ ; $code = <FH> ; } close FH ; $code =~ s,/\*.*?\*/,,sg ; print $code . "\n" ;
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Produce a language-to-language conversion: from Racket to PHP, same semantics.
#lang at-exp racket (define comment-start-str "/*") (define comment-end-str "*/") (define (strip-comments text [rx1 comment-start-str] [rx2 comment-end-str]) (regexp-replace* (~a (regexp-quote rx1) ".*?" (regexp-quote rx2)) text "")) ((compose1 displayln strip-comments) @~a{/** * Some comments * longer comments here that we can parse. * * Rahoo */ function subroutine() { a = /* inline comment */ b + c } /*/ <-- tricky comments */ /** * Another comment. */ function something() { } })
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Can you help me rewrite this code in PHP instead of REXX, keeping it the same logically?
* Split comments * This program ignores comment delimiters within literal strings * such as, e.g., in b = "--' O'Connor's widow --"; * it does not (yet) take care of -- comments (ignore rest of line) * also it does not take care of say 667 * courtesy GS discussion! * 12.07.2013 Walter Pachl **********************************************************************/ fid='in.txt' oic='oc.txt'; 'erase' oic oip='op.txt'; 'erase' oip oim='om.txt'; 'erase' oim cmt=0 str='' Do ri=1 By 1 While lines(fid)>0 l=linein(fid) oc='' op='' i=1 Do While i<=length(l) If cmt=0 Then Do If str<>'' Then Do If substr(l,i,1)=str Then Do If substr(l,i+1,1)=str Then Do Call app 'P',substr(l,i,2) i=i+2 Iterate End Else Do Call app 'P',substr(l,i,1) str=' ' i=i+1 Iterate End End End End Select When str='' &, substr(l,i,2)=' cmt=cmt+1 Call app 'C',' i=i+2 End When cmt=0 Then Do If str=' ' Then Do If pos(substr(l,i,1),'''"')>0 Then str=substr(l,i,1) End Call app 'P',substr(l,i,1) i=i+1 End When substr(l,i,2)='*/' Then Do cmt=cmt-1 Call app 'C','*/' i=i+2 End Otherwise Do Call app 'C',substr(l,i,1) i=i+1 End End End Call oc Call op End Call lineout oic Call lineout oip Do ri=1 To ri-1 op=linein(oip) oc=linein(oic) Do i=1 To length(oc) If substr(oc,i,1)<>'' Then op=overlay(substr(oc,i,1),op,i,1) End Call lineout oim,op End Call lineout oic Call lineout oip Call lineout oim Exit app: Parse Arg which,string If which='C' Then Do oc=oc||string op=op||copies(' ',length(string)) End Else Do op=op||string oc=oc||copies(' ',length(string)) End Return oc: Return lineout(oic,oc) op: Return lineout(oip,op)
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Write the same code in PHP as shown below in Ruby.
def remove_comments!(str, comment_start='/*', comment_end='*/') while start_idx = str.index(comment_start) end_idx = str.index(comment_end, start_idx + comment_start.length) + comment_end.length - 1 str[start_idx .. end_idx] = "" end str end def remove_comments(str, comment_start='/*', comment_end='*/') remove_comments!(str.dup, comment_start, comment_end) end example = <<END_OF_STRING /** * Some comments * longer comments here that we can parse. * * Rahoo */ function subroutine() { a = /* inline comment */ b + c ; } /*/ <-- tricky comments */ /** * Another comment. */ function something() { } END_OF_STRING puts remove_comments example
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Ensure the translated PHP code behaves exactly like the original Scala snippet.
val sample = """ function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } """ val sample2 = """ ``{ ` Some comments ` longer comments here that we can parse. ` ` Rahoo ``} function subroutine2() { d = ``{ inline comment ``} e + f ; } ``{ / <-- tricky comments ``} ``{ ` Another comment. ``} function something2() { } """ fun stripBlockComments(text: String, del1: String = ""): String { val d1 = Regex.escape(del1) val d2 = Regex.escape(del2) val r = Regex("""(?s)$d1.*?$d2""") return text.replace(r, "") } fun main(args: Array<String>) { println(stripBlockComments(sample)) println(stripBlockComments(sample2, "``{", "``}")) }
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Translate this program into PHP but keep the logic exactly as in Swift.
import Foundation func stripBlocks(from str: String, open: String = "") -> String { guard !open.isEmpty && !close.isEmpty else { return str } var ret = str while let begin = ret.range(of: open), let end = ret[begin.upperBound...].range(of: close) { ret.replaceSubrange(Range(uncheckedBounds: (begin.lowerBound, end.upperBound)), with: "") } return ret } let test = """ function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } """ print(stripBlocks(from: test))
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Rewrite this program in PHP while keeping its functionality equivalent to the Tcl version.
proc stripBlockComment {string {openDelimiter "/*"} {closeDelimiter "*/"}} { set openAsRE [regsub -all {\W} $openDelimiter {\\&}] set closeAsRE [regsub -all {\W} $closeDelimiter {\\&}] regsub -all "$openAsRE.*?$closeAsRE" $string "" }
function strip_block_comments( $test_string ) { $pattern = "/^.*?(\K\/\*.*?\*\/)|^.*?(\K\/\*.*?^.*\*\/)$/mXus"; return preg_replace( $pattern, '', $test_string ); } echo "Result: '" . strip_block_comments( " function subroutine() { a = b + c ; } function something() { } " ) . "'";
Translate this program into C# but keep the logic exactly as in Ada.
with Ada.Calendar; use Ada.Calendar; with Ada.Numerics.Float_Random; with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO; procedure Test_Checkpoint is package FR renames Ada.Numerics.Float_Random; No_Of_Cubicles: constant Positive := 3; No_Of_Workers: constant Positive := 6; type Activity_Array is array(Character) of Boolean; protected Checkpoint is entry Deliver; entry Join (Label : out Character; Tolerance: out Float); entry Leave(Label : in Character); private Signaling : Boolean := False; Ready_Count : Natural := 0; Worker_Count : Natural := 0; Unused_Label : Character := 'A'; Likelyhood_To_Quit: Float := 1.0; Active : Activity_Array := (others => false); entry Lodge; end Checkpoint; protected body Checkpoint is entry Join (Label : out Character; Tolerance: out Float) when not Signaling and Worker_Count < No_Of_Cubicles is begin Label := Unused_Label; Active(Label):= True; Unused_Label := Character'Succ (Unused_Label); Worker_Count := Worker_Count + 1; Likelyhood_To_Quit := Likelyhood_To_Quit / 2.0; Tolerance := Likelyhood_To_Quit; end Join; entry Leave(Label: in Character) when not Signaling is begin Worker_Count := Worker_Count - 1; Active(Label) := False; end Leave; entry Deliver when not Signaling is begin Ready_Count := Ready_Count + 1; requeue Lodge; end Deliver; entry Lodge when Ready_Count = Worker_Count or Signaling is begin if Ready_Count = Worker_Count then Put(" for C in Character loop if Active(C) then Put(C); end if; end loop; Put_Line("] end if; Ready_Count := Ready_Count - 1; Signaling := Ready_Count /= 0; end Lodge; end Checkpoint; task type Worker; task body Worker is Dice : FR.Generator; Label : Character; Tolerance : Float; Shift_End : Time := Clock + 2.0; begin FR.Reset (Dice); Checkpoint.Join (Label, Tolerance); Put_Line(Label & " joins the team"); loop Put_Line (Label & " is working"); delay Duration (FR.Random (Dice) * 0.500); Put_Line (Label & " is ready"); Checkpoint.Deliver; if FR.Random(Dice) < Tolerance then Put_Line(Label & " leaves the team"); exit; elsif Clock >= Shift_End then Put_Line(Label & " ends shift"); exit; end if; end loop; Checkpoint.Leave(Label); end Worker; Set : array (1..No_Of_Workers) of Worker; begin null; end Test_Checkpoint;
using System; using System.Linq; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Rosetta.CheckPointSync; public class Program { public async Task Main() { RobotBuilder robotBuilder = new RobotBuilder(); Task work = robotBuilder.BuildRobots( "Optimus Prime", "R. Giskard Reventlov", "Data", "Marvin", "Bender", "Number Six", "C3-PO", "Dolores"); await work; } public class RobotBuilder { static readonly string[] parts = { "Head", "Torso", "Left arm", "Right arm", "Left leg", "Right leg" }; static readonly Random rng = new Random(); static readonly object key = new object(); public Task BuildRobots(params string[] robots) { int r = 0; Barrier checkpoint = new Barrier(parts.Length, b => { Console.WriteLine($"{robots[r]} assembled. Hello, {robots[r]}!"); Console.WriteLine(); r++; }); var tasks = parts.Select(part => BuildPart(checkpoint, part, robots)).ToArray(); return Task.WhenAll(tasks); } private static int GetTime() { lock (key) { return rng.Next(100, 1000); } } private async Task BuildPart(Barrier barrier, string part, string[] robots) { foreach (var robot in robots) { int time = GetTime(); Console.WriteLine($"Constructing {part} for {robot}. This will take {time}ms."); await Task.Delay(time); Console.WriteLine($"{part} for {robot} finished."); barrier.SignalAndWait(); } } } }
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in C.
with Ada.Calendar; use Ada.Calendar; with Ada.Numerics.Float_Random; with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO; procedure Test_Checkpoint is package FR renames Ada.Numerics.Float_Random; No_Of_Cubicles: constant Positive := 3; No_Of_Workers: constant Positive := 6; type Activity_Array is array(Character) of Boolean; protected Checkpoint is entry Deliver; entry Join (Label : out Character; Tolerance: out Float); entry Leave(Label : in Character); private Signaling : Boolean := False; Ready_Count : Natural := 0; Worker_Count : Natural := 0; Unused_Label : Character := 'A'; Likelyhood_To_Quit: Float := 1.0; Active : Activity_Array := (others => false); entry Lodge; end Checkpoint; protected body Checkpoint is entry Join (Label : out Character; Tolerance: out Float) when not Signaling and Worker_Count < No_Of_Cubicles is begin Label := Unused_Label; Active(Label):= True; Unused_Label := Character'Succ (Unused_Label); Worker_Count := Worker_Count + 1; Likelyhood_To_Quit := Likelyhood_To_Quit / 2.0; Tolerance := Likelyhood_To_Quit; end Join; entry Leave(Label: in Character) when not Signaling is begin Worker_Count := Worker_Count - 1; Active(Label) := False; end Leave; entry Deliver when not Signaling is begin Ready_Count := Ready_Count + 1; requeue Lodge; end Deliver; entry Lodge when Ready_Count = Worker_Count or Signaling is begin if Ready_Count = Worker_Count then Put(" for C in Character loop if Active(C) then Put(C); end if; end loop; Put_Line("] end if; Ready_Count := Ready_Count - 1; Signaling := Ready_Count /= 0; end Lodge; end Checkpoint; task type Worker; task body Worker is Dice : FR.Generator; Label : Character; Tolerance : Float; Shift_End : Time := Clock + 2.0; begin FR.Reset (Dice); Checkpoint.Join (Label, Tolerance); Put_Line(Label & " joins the team"); loop Put_Line (Label & " is working"); delay Duration (FR.Random (Dice) * 0.500); Put_Line (Label & " is ready"); Checkpoint.Deliver; if FR.Random(Dice) < Tolerance then Put_Line(Label & " leaves the team"); exit; elsif Clock >= Shift_End then Put_Line(Label & " ends shift"); exit; end if; end loop; Checkpoint.Leave(Label); end Worker; Set : array (1..No_Of_Workers) of Worker; begin null; end Test_Checkpoint;
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <omp.h> int main() { int jobs = 41, tid; omp_set_num_threads(5); #pragma omp parallel shared(jobs) private(tid) { tid = omp_get_thread_num(); while (jobs > 0) { #pragma omp barrier if (!jobs) break; printf("%d: taking job %d\n", tid, jobs--); usleep(100000 + rand() / (double) RAND_MAX * 3000000); printf("%d: done job\n", tid); } printf("[%d] leaving\n", tid); #pragma omp barrier } return 0; }
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Ada to C++.
with Ada.Calendar; use Ada.Calendar; with Ada.Numerics.Float_Random; with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO; procedure Test_Checkpoint is package FR renames Ada.Numerics.Float_Random; No_Of_Cubicles: constant Positive := 3; No_Of_Workers: constant Positive := 6; type Activity_Array is array(Character) of Boolean; protected Checkpoint is entry Deliver; entry Join (Label : out Character; Tolerance: out Float); entry Leave(Label : in Character); private Signaling : Boolean := False; Ready_Count : Natural := 0; Worker_Count : Natural := 0; Unused_Label : Character := 'A'; Likelyhood_To_Quit: Float := 1.0; Active : Activity_Array := (others => false); entry Lodge; end Checkpoint; protected body Checkpoint is entry Join (Label : out Character; Tolerance: out Float) when not Signaling and Worker_Count < No_Of_Cubicles is begin Label := Unused_Label; Active(Label):= True; Unused_Label := Character'Succ (Unused_Label); Worker_Count := Worker_Count + 1; Likelyhood_To_Quit := Likelyhood_To_Quit / 2.0; Tolerance := Likelyhood_To_Quit; end Join; entry Leave(Label: in Character) when not Signaling is begin Worker_Count := Worker_Count - 1; Active(Label) := False; end Leave; entry Deliver when not Signaling is begin Ready_Count := Ready_Count + 1; requeue Lodge; end Deliver; entry Lodge when Ready_Count = Worker_Count or Signaling is begin if Ready_Count = Worker_Count then Put(" for C in Character loop if Active(C) then Put(C); end if; end loop; Put_Line("] end if; Ready_Count := Ready_Count - 1; Signaling := Ready_Count /= 0; end Lodge; end Checkpoint; task type Worker; task body Worker is Dice : FR.Generator; Label : Character; Tolerance : Float; Shift_End : Time := Clock + 2.0; begin FR.Reset (Dice); Checkpoint.Join (Label, Tolerance); Put_Line(Label & " joins the team"); loop Put_Line (Label & " is working"); delay Duration (FR.Random (Dice) * 0.500); Put_Line (Label & " is ready"); Checkpoint.Deliver; if FR.Random(Dice) < Tolerance then Put_Line(Label & " leaves the team"); exit; elsif Clock >= Shift_End then Put_Line(Label & " ends shift"); exit; end if; end loop; Checkpoint.Leave(Label); end Worker; Set : array (1..No_Of_Workers) of Worker; begin null; end Test_Checkpoint;
#include <iostream> #include <chrono> #include <atomic> #include <mutex> #include <random> #include <thread> std::mutex cout_lock; class Latch { std::atomic<int> semafor; public: Latch(int limit) : semafor(limit) {} void wait() { semafor.fetch_sub(1); while(semafor.load() > 0) std::this_thread::yield(); } }; struct Worker { static void do_work(int how_long, Latch& barrier, std::string name) { std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(how_long)); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cout_lock); std::cout << "Worker " << name << " finished work\n"; } barrier.wait(); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cout_lock); std::cout << "Worker " << name << " finished assembly\n"; } } }; int main() { Latch latch(5); std::mt19937 rng(std::random_device{}()); std::uniform_int_distribution<> dist(300, 3000); std::thread threads[] { std::thread(&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "John"), std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Henry"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Smith"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Jane"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Mary"}, }; for(auto& t: threads) t.join(); std::cout << "Assembly is finished"; }
Rewrite this program in Go while keeping its functionality equivalent to the Ada version.
with Ada.Calendar; use Ada.Calendar; with Ada.Numerics.Float_Random; with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO; procedure Test_Checkpoint is package FR renames Ada.Numerics.Float_Random; No_Of_Cubicles: constant Positive := 3; No_Of_Workers: constant Positive := 6; type Activity_Array is array(Character) of Boolean; protected Checkpoint is entry Deliver; entry Join (Label : out Character; Tolerance: out Float); entry Leave(Label : in Character); private Signaling : Boolean := False; Ready_Count : Natural := 0; Worker_Count : Natural := 0; Unused_Label : Character := 'A'; Likelyhood_To_Quit: Float := 1.0; Active : Activity_Array := (others => false); entry Lodge; end Checkpoint; protected body Checkpoint is entry Join (Label : out Character; Tolerance: out Float) when not Signaling and Worker_Count < No_Of_Cubicles is begin Label := Unused_Label; Active(Label):= True; Unused_Label := Character'Succ (Unused_Label); Worker_Count := Worker_Count + 1; Likelyhood_To_Quit := Likelyhood_To_Quit / 2.0; Tolerance := Likelyhood_To_Quit; end Join; entry Leave(Label: in Character) when not Signaling is begin Worker_Count := Worker_Count - 1; Active(Label) := False; end Leave; entry Deliver when not Signaling is begin Ready_Count := Ready_Count + 1; requeue Lodge; end Deliver; entry Lodge when Ready_Count = Worker_Count or Signaling is begin if Ready_Count = Worker_Count then Put(" for C in Character loop if Active(C) then Put(C); end if; end loop; Put_Line("] end if; Ready_Count := Ready_Count - 1; Signaling := Ready_Count /= 0; end Lodge; end Checkpoint; task type Worker; task body Worker is Dice : FR.Generator; Label : Character; Tolerance : Float; Shift_End : Time := Clock + 2.0; begin FR.Reset (Dice); Checkpoint.Join (Label, Tolerance); Put_Line(Label & " joins the team"); loop Put_Line (Label & " is working"); delay Duration (FR.Random (Dice) * 0.500); Put_Line (Label & " is ready"); Checkpoint.Deliver; if FR.Random(Dice) < Tolerance then Put_Line(Label & " leaves the team"); exit; elsif Clock >= Shift_End then Put_Line(Label & " ends shift"); exit; end if; end loop; Checkpoint.Leave(Label); end Worker; Set : array (1..No_Of_Workers) of Worker; begin null; end Test_Checkpoint;
package main import ( "log" "math/rand" "sync" "time" ) func worker(part string) { log.Println(part, "worker begins part") time.Sleep(time.Duration(rand.Int63n(1e6))) log.Println(part, "worker completes part") wg.Done() } var ( partList = []string{"A", "B", "C", "D"} nAssemblies = 3 wg sync.WaitGroup ) func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) for c := 1; c <= nAssemblies; c++ { log.Println("begin assembly cycle", c) wg.Add(len(partList)) for _, part := range partList { go worker(part) } wg.Wait() log.Println("assemble. cycle", c, "complete") } }
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Ada to Java.
with Ada.Calendar; use Ada.Calendar; with Ada.Numerics.Float_Random; with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO; procedure Test_Checkpoint is package FR renames Ada.Numerics.Float_Random; No_Of_Cubicles: constant Positive := 3; No_Of_Workers: constant Positive := 6; type Activity_Array is array(Character) of Boolean; protected Checkpoint is entry Deliver; entry Join (Label : out Character; Tolerance: out Float); entry Leave(Label : in Character); private Signaling : Boolean := False; Ready_Count : Natural := 0; Worker_Count : Natural := 0; Unused_Label : Character := 'A'; Likelyhood_To_Quit: Float := 1.0; Active : Activity_Array := (others => false); entry Lodge; end Checkpoint; protected body Checkpoint is entry Join (Label : out Character; Tolerance: out Float) when not Signaling and Worker_Count < No_Of_Cubicles is begin Label := Unused_Label; Active(Label):= True; Unused_Label := Character'Succ (Unused_Label); Worker_Count := Worker_Count + 1; Likelyhood_To_Quit := Likelyhood_To_Quit / 2.0; Tolerance := Likelyhood_To_Quit; end Join; entry Leave(Label: in Character) when not Signaling is begin Worker_Count := Worker_Count - 1; Active(Label) := False; end Leave; entry Deliver when not Signaling is begin Ready_Count := Ready_Count + 1; requeue Lodge; end Deliver; entry Lodge when Ready_Count = Worker_Count or Signaling is begin if Ready_Count = Worker_Count then Put(" for C in Character loop if Active(C) then Put(C); end if; end loop; Put_Line("] end if; Ready_Count := Ready_Count - 1; Signaling := Ready_Count /= 0; end Lodge; end Checkpoint; task type Worker; task body Worker is Dice : FR.Generator; Label : Character; Tolerance : Float; Shift_End : Time := Clock + 2.0; begin FR.Reset (Dice); Checkpoint.Join (Label, Tolerance); Put_Line(Label & " joins the team"); loop Put_Line (Label & " is working"); delay Duration (FR.Random (Dice) * 0.500); Put_Line (Label & " is ready"); Checkpoint.Deliver; if FR.Random(Dice) < Tolerance then Put_Line(Label & " leaves the team"); exit; elsif Clock >= Shift_End then Put_Line(Label & " ends shift"); exit; end if; end loop; Checkpoint.Leave(Label); end Worker; Set : array (1..No_Of_Workers) of Worker; begin null; end Test_Checkpoint;
import java.util.Scanner; import java.util.Random; public class CheckpointSync{ public static void main(String[] args){ System.out.print("Enter number of workers to use: "); Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); Worker.nWorkers = in.nextInt(); System.out.print("Enter number of tasks to complete:"); runTasks(in.nextInt()); } private static void runTasks(int nTasks){ for(int i = 0; i < nTasks; i++){ System.out.println("Starting task number " + (i+1) + "."); runThreads(); Worker.checkpoint(); } } private static void runThreads(){ for(int i = 0; i < Worker.nWorkers; i ++){ new Thread(new Worker(i+1)).start(); } } public static class Worker implements Runnable{ public Worker(int threadID){ this.threadID = threadID; } public void run(){ work(); } private synchronized void work(){ try { int workTime = rgen.nextInt(900) + 100; System.out.println("Worker " + threadID + " will work for " + workTime + " msec."); Thread.sleep(workTime); nFinished++; System.out.println("Worker " + threadID + " is ready"); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("Error: thread execution interrupted"); e.printStackTrace(); } } public static synchronized void checkpoint(){ while(nFinished != nWorkers){ try { Thread.sleep(10); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("Error: thread execution interrupted"); e.printStackTrace(); } } nFinished = 0; } private int threadID; private static Random rgen = new Random(); private static int nFinished = 0; public static int nWorkers = 0; } }
Write the same code in Python as shown below in Ada.
with Ada.Calendar; use Ada.Calendar; with Ada.Numerics.Float_Random; with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO; procedure Test_Checkpoint is package FR renames Ada.Numerics.Float_Random; No_Of_Cubicles: constant Positive := 3; No_Of_Workers: constant Positive := 6; type Activity_Array is array(Character) of Boolean; protected Checkpoint is entry Deliver; entry Join (Label : out Character; Tolerance: out Float); entry Leave(Label : in Character); private Signaling : Boolean := False; Ready_Count : Natural := 0; Worker_Count : Natural := 0; Unused_Label : Character := 'A'; Likelyhood_To_Quit: Float := 1.0; Active : Activity_Array := (others => false); entry Lodge; end Checkpoint; protected body Checkpoint is entry Join (Label : out Character; Tolerance: out Float) when not Signaling and Worker_Count < No_Of_Cubicles is begin Label := Unused_Label; Active(Label):= True; Unused_Label := Character'Succ (Unused_Label); Worker_Count := Worker_Count + 1; Likelyhood_To_Quit := Likelyhood_To_Quit / 2.0; Tolerance := Likelyhood_To_Quit; end Join; entry Leave(Label: in Character) when not Signaling is begin Worker_Count := Worker_Count - 1; Active(Label) := False; end Leave; entry Deliver when not Signaling is begin Ready_Count := Ready_Count + 1; requeue Lodge; end Deliver; entry Lodge when Ready_Count = Worker_Count or Signaling is begin if Ready_Count = Worker_Count then Put(" for C in Character loop if Active(C) then Put(C); end if; end loop; Put_Line("] end if; Ready_Count := Ready_Count - 1; Signaling := Ready_Count /= 0; end Lodge; end Checkpoint; task type Worker; task body Worker is Dice : FR.Generator; Label : Character; Tolerance : Float; Shift_End : Time := Clock + 2.0; begin FR.Reset (Dice); Checkpoint.Join (Label, Tolerance); Put_Line(Label & " joins the team"); loop Put_Line (Label & " is working"); delay Duration (FR.Random (Dice) * 0.500); Put_Line (Label & " is ready"); Checkpoint.Deliver; if FR.Random(Dice) < Tolerance then Put_Line(Label & " leaves the team"); exit; elsif Clock >= Shift_End then Put_Line(Label & " ends shift"); exit; end if; end loop; Checkpoint.Leave(Label); end Worker; Set : array (1..No_Of_Workers) of Worker; begin null; end Test_Checkpoint;
import threading import time import random def worker(workernum, barrier): sleeptime = random.random() print('Starting worker '+str(workernum)+" task 1, sleeptime="+str(sleeptime)) time.sleep(sleeptime) print('Exiting worker'+str(workernum)) barrier.wait() sleeptime = random.random() print('Starting worker '+str(workernum)+" task 2, sleeptime="+str(sleeptime)) time.sleep(sleeptime) print('Exiting worker'+str(workernum)) barrier = threading.Barrier(3) w1 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((1,barrier))) w2 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((2,barrier))) w3 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((3,barrier))) w1.start() w2.start() w3.start()
Rewrite this program in C while keeping its functionality equivalent to the BBC_Basic version.
INSTALL @lib$+"TIMERLIB" nWorkers% = 3 DIM tID%(nWorkers%) tID%(1) = FN_ontimer(10, PROCworker1, 1) tID%(2) = FN_ontimer(11, PROCworker2, 1) tID%(3) = FN_ontimer(12, PROCworker3, 1) DEF PROCworker1 : PROCtask(1) : ENDPROC DEF PROCworker2 : PROCtask(2) : ENDPROC DEF PROCworker3 : PROCtask(3) : ENDPROC ON ERROR PROCcleanup : REPORT : PRINT : END ON CLOSE PROCcleanup : QUIT REPEAT WAIT 0 UNTIL FALSE END DEF PROCtask(worker%) PRIVATE cnt%() DIM cnt%(nWorkers%) CASE cnt%(worker%) OF WHEN 0: cnt%(worker%) = RND(30) PRINT "Worker "; worker% " starting (" ;cnt%(worker%) " ticks)" WHEN -1: OTHERWISE: cnt%(worker%) -= 1 IF cnt%(worker%) = 0 THEN PRINT "Worker "; worker% " ready and waiting" cnt%(worker%) = -1 PROCcheckpoint cnt%(worker%) = 0 ENDIF ENDCASE ENDPROC DEF PROCcheckpoint PRIVATE checked%, sync% IF checked% = 0 sync% = FALSE checked% += 1 WHILE NOT sync% WAIT 0 IF checked% = nWorkers% THEN sync% = TRUE PRINT "--Sync Point--" ENDIF ENDWHILE checked% -= 1 ENDPROC DEF PROCcleanup LOCAL I% FOR I% = 1 TO nWorkers% PROC_killtimer(tID%(I%)) NEXT ENDPROC
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <omp.h> int main() { int jobs = 41, tid; omp_set_num_threads(5); #pragma omp parallel shared(jobs) private(tid) { tid = omp_get_thread_num(); while (jobs > 0) { #pragma omp barrier if (!jobs) break; printf("%d: taking job %d\n", tid, jobs--); usleep(100000 + rand() / (double) RAND_MAX * 3000000); printf("%d: done job\n", tid); } printf("[%d] leaving\n", tid); #pragma omp barrier } return 0; }
Translate this program into C# but keep the logic exactly as in BBC_Basic.
INSTALL @lib$+"TIMERLIB" nWorkers% = 3 DIM tID%(nWorkers%) tID%(1) = FN_ontimer(10, PROCworker1, 1) tID%(2) = FN_ontimer(11, PROCworker2, 1) tID%(3) = FN_ontimer(12, PROCworker3, 1) DEF PROCworker1 : PROCtask(1) : ENDPROC DEF PROCworker2 : PROCtask(2) : ENDPROC DEF PROCworker3 : PROCtask(3) : ENDPROC ON ERROR PROCcleanup : REPORT : PRINT : END ON CLOSE PROCcleanup : QUIT REPEAT WAIT 0 UNTIL FALSE END DEF PROCtask(worker%) PRIVATE cnt%() DIM cnt%(nWorkers%) CASE cnt%(worker%) OF WHEN 0: cnt%(worker%) = RND(30) PRINT "Worker "; worker% " starting (" ;cnt%(worker%) " ticks)" WHEN -1: OTHERWISE: cnt%(worker%) -= 1 IF cnt%(worker%) = 0 THEN PRINT "Worker "; worker% " ready and waiting" cnt%(worker%) = -1 PROCcheckpoint cnt%(worker%) = 0 ENDIF ENDCASE ENDPROC DEF PROCcheckpoint PRIVATE checked%, sync% IF checked% = 0 sync% = FALSE checked% += 1 WHILE NOT sync% WAIT 0 IF checked% = nWorkers% THEN sync% = TRUE PRINT "--Sync Point--" ENDIF ENDWHILE checked% -= 1 ENDPROC DEF PROCcleanup LOCAL I% FOR I% = 1 TO nWorkers% PROC_killtimer(tID%(I%)) NEXT ENDPROC
using System; using System.Linq; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Rosetta.CheckPointSync; public class Program { public async Task Main() { RobotBuilder robotBuilder = new RobotBuilder(); Task work = robotBuilder.BuildRobots( "Optimus Prime", "R. Giskard Reventlov", "Data", "Marvin", "Bender", "Number Six", "C3-PO", "Dolores"); await work; } public class RobotBuilder { static readonly string[] parts = { "Head", "Torso", "Left arm", "Right arm", "Left leg", "Right leg" }; static readonly Random rng = new Random(); static readonly object key = new object(); public Task BuildRobots(params string[] robots) { int r = 0; Barrier checkpoint = new Barrier(parts.Length, b => { Console.WriteLine($"{robots[r]} assembled. Hello, {robots[r]}!"); Console.WriteLine(); r++; }); var tasks = parts.Select(part => BuildPart(checkpoint, part, robots)).ToArray(); return Task.WhenAll(tasks); } private static int GetTime() { lock (key) { return rng.Next(100, 1000); } } private async Task BuildPart(Barrier barrier, string part, string[] robots) { foreach (var robot in robots) { int time = GetTime(); Console.WriteLine($"Constructing {part} for {robot}. This will take {time}ms."); await Task.Delay(time); Console.WriteLine($"{part} for {robot} finished."); barrier.SignalAndWait(); } } } }
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in C++.
INSTALL @lib$+"TIMERLIB" nWorkers% = 3 DIM tID%(nWorkers%) tID%(1) = FN_ontimer(10, PROCworker1, 1) tID%(2) = FN_ontimer(11, PROCworker2, 1) tID%(3) = FN_ontimer(12, PROCworker3, 1) DEF PROCworker1 : PROCtask(1) : ENDPROC DEF PROCworker2 : PROCtask(2) : ENDPROC DEF PROCworker3 : PROCtask(3) : ENDPROC ON ERROR PROCcleanup : REPORT : PRINT : END ON CLOSE PROCcleanup : QUIT REPEAT WAIT 0 UNTIL FALSE END DEF PROCtask(worker%) PRIVATE cnt%() DIM cnt%(nWorkers%) CASE cnt%(worker%) OF WHEN 0: cnt%(worker%) = RND(30) PRINT "Worker "; worker% " starting (" ;cnt%(worker%) " ticks)" WHEN -1: OTHERWISE: cnt%(worker%) -= 1 IF cnt%(worker%) = 0 THEN PRINT "Worker "; worker% " ready and waiting" cnt%(worker%) = -1 PROCcheckpoint cnt%(worker%) = 0 ENDIF ENDCASE ENDPROC DEF PROCcheckpoint PRIVATE checked%, sync% IF checked% = 0 sync% = FALSE checked% += 1 WHILE NOT sync% WAIT 0 IF checked% = nWorkers% THEN sync% = TRUE PRINT "--Sync Point--" ENDIF ENDWHILE checked% -= 1 ENDPROC DEF PROCcleanup LOCAL I% FOR I% = 1 TO nWorkers% PROC_killtimer(tID%(I%)) NEXT ENDPROC
#include <iostream> #include <chrono> #include <atomic> #include <mutex> #include <random> #include <thread> std::mutex cout_lock; class Latch { std::atomic<int> semafor; public: Latch(int limit) : semafor(limit) {} void wait() { semafor.fetch_sub(1); while(semafor.load() > 0) std::this_thread::yield(); } }; struct Worker { static void do_work(int how_long, Latch& barrier, std::string name) { std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(how_long)); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cout_lock); std::cout << "Worker " << name << " finished work\n"; } barrier.wait(); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cout_lock); std::cout << "Worker " << name << " finished assembly\n"; } } }; int main() { Latch latch(5); std::mt19937 rng(std::random_device{}()); std::uniform_int_distribution<> dist(300, 3000); std::thread threads[] { std::thread(&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "John"), std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Henry"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Smith"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Jane"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Mary"}, }; for(auto& t: threads) t.join(); std::cout << "Assembly is finished"; }
Transform the following BBC_Basic implementation into Java, maintaining the same output and logic.
INSTALL @lib$+"TIMERLIB" nWorkers% = 3 DIM tID%(nWorkers%) tID%(1) = FN_ontimer(10, PROCworker1, 1) tID%(2) = FN_ontimer(11, PROCworker2, 1) tID%(3) = FN_ontimer(12, PROCworker3, 1) DEF PROCworker1 : PROCtask(1) : ENDPROC DEF PROCworker2 : PROCtask(2) : ENDPROC DEF PROCworker3 : PROCtask(3) : ENDPROC ON ERROR PROCcleanup : REPORT : PRINT : END ON CLOSE PROCcleanup : QUIT REPEAT WAIT 0 UNTIL FALSE END DEF PROCtask(worker%) PRIVATE cnt%() DIM cnt%(nWorkers%) CASE cnt%(worker%) OF WHEN 0: cnt%(worker%) = RND(30) PRINT "Worker "; worker% " starting (" ;cnt%(worker%) " ticks)" WHEN -1: OTHERWISE: cnt%(worker%) -= 1 IF cnt%(worker%) = 0 THEN PRINT "Worker "; worker% " ready and waiting" cnt%(worker%) = -1 PROCcheckpoint cnt%(worker%) = 0 ENDIF ENDCASE ENDPROC DEF PROCcheckpoint PRIVATE checked%, sync% IF checked% = 0 sync% = FALSE checked% += 1 WHILE NOT sync% WAIT 0 IF checked% = nWorkers% THEN sync% = TRUE PRINT "--Sync Point--" ENDIF ENDWHILE checked% -= 1 ENDPROC DEF PROCcleanup LOCAL I% FOR I% = 1 TO nWorkers% PROC_killtimer(tID%(I%)) NEXT ENDPROC
import java.util.Scanner; import java.util.Random; public class CheckpointSync{ public static void main(String[] args){ System.out.print("Enter number of workers to use: "); Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); Worker.nWorkers = in.nextInt(); System.out.print("Enter number of tasks to complete:"); runTasks(in.nextInt()); } private static void runTasks(int nTasks){ for(int i = 0; i < nTasks; i++){ System.out.println("Starting task number " + (i+1) + "."); runThreads(); Worker.checkpoint(); } } private static void runThreads(){ for(int i = 0; i < Worker.nWorkers; i ++){ new Thread(new Worker(i+1)).start(); } } public static class Worker implements Runnable{ public Worker(int threadID){ this.threadID = threadID; } public void run(){ work(); } private synchronized void work(){ try { int workTime = rgen.nextInt(900) + 100; System.out.println("Worker " + threadID + " will work for " + workTime + " msec."); Thread.sleep(workTime); nFinished++; System.out.println("Worker " + threadID + " is ready"); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("Error: thread execution interrupted"); e.printStackTrace(); } } public static synchronized void checkpoint(){ while(nFinished != nWorkers){ try { Thread.sleep(10); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("Error: thread execution interrupted"); e.printStackTrace(); } } nFinished = 0; } private int threadID; private static Random rgen = new Random(); private static int nFinished = 0; public static int nWorkers = 0; } }
Write a version of this BBC_Basic function in Python with identical behavior.
INSTALL @lib$+"TIMERLIB" nWorkers% = 3 DIM tID%(nWorkers%) tID%(1) = FN_ontimer(10, PROCworker1, 1) tID%(2) = FN_ontimer(11, PROCworker2, 1) tID%(3) = FN_ontimer(12, PROCworker3, 1) DEF PROCworker1 : PROCtask(1) : ENDPROC DEF PROCworker2 : PROCtask(2) : ENDPROC DEF PROCworker3 : PROCtask(3) : ENDPROC ON ERROR PROCcleanup : REPORT : PRINT : END ON CLOSE PROCcleanup : QUIT REPEAT WAIT 0 UNTIL FALSE END DEF PROCtask(worker%) PRIVATE cnt%() DIM cnt%(nWorkers%) CASE cnt%(worker%) OF WHEN 0: cnt%(worker%) = RND(30) PRINT "Worker "; worker% " starting (" ;cnt%(worker%) " ticks)" WHEN -1: OTHERWISE: cnt%(worker%) -= 1 IF cnt%(worker%) = 0 THEN PRINT "Worker "; worker% " ready and waiting" cnt%(worker%) = -1 PROCcheckpoint cnt%(worker%) = 0 ENDIF ENDCASE ENDPROC DEF PROCcheckpoint PRIVATE checked%, sync% IF checked% = 0 sync% = FALSE checked% += 1 WHILE NOT sync% WAIT 0 IF checked% = nWorkers% THEN sync% = TRUE PRINT "--Sync Point--" ENDIF ENDWHILE checked% -= 1 ENDPROC DEF PROCcleanup LOCAL I% FOR I% = 1 TO nWorkers% PROC_killtimer(tID%(I%)) NEXT ENDPROC
import threading import time import random def worker(workernum, barrier): sleeptime = random.random() print('Starting worker '+str(workernum)+" task 1, sleeptime="+str(sleeptime)) time.sleep(sleeptime) print('Exiting worker'+str(workernum)) barrier.wait() sleeptime = random.random() print('Starting worker '+str(workernum)+" task 2, sleeptime="+str(sleeptime)) time.sleep(sleeptime) print('Exiting worker'+str(workernum)) barrier = threading.Barrier(3) w1 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((1,barrier))) w2 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((2,barrier))) w3 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((3,barrier))) w1.start() w2.start() w3.start()
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from BBC_Basic to Go.
INSTALL @lib$+"TIMERLIB" nWorkers% = 3 DIM tID%(nWorkers%) tID%(1) = FN_ontimer(10, PROCworker1, 1) tID%(2) = FN_ontimer(11, PROCworker2, 1) tID%(3) = FN_ontimer(12, PROCworker3, 1) DEF PROCworker1 : PROCtask(1) : ENDPROC DEF PROCworker2 : PROCtask(2) : ENDPROC DEF PROCworker3 : PROCtask(3) : ENDPROC ON ERROR PROCcleanup : REPORT : PRINT : END ON CLOSE PROCcleanup : QUIT REPEAT WAIT 0 UNTIL FALSE END DEF PROCtask(worker%) PRIVATE cnt%() DIM cnt%(nWorkers%) CASE cnt%(worker%) OF WHEN 0: cnt%(worker%) = RND(30) PRINT "Worker "; worker% " starting (" ;cnt%(worker%) " ticks)" WHEN -1: OTHERWISE: cnt%(worker%) -= 1 IF cnt%(worker%) = 0 THEN PRINT "Worker "; worker% " ready and waiting" cnt%(worker%) = -1 PROCcheckpoint cnt%(worker%) = 0 ENDIF ENDCASE ENDPROC DEF PROCcheckpoint PRIVATE checked%, sync% IF checked% = 0 sync% = FALSE checked% += 1 WHILE NOT sync% WAIT 0 IF checked% = nWorkers% THEN sync% = TRUE PRINT "--Sync Point--" ENDIF ENDWHILE checked% -= 1 ENDPROC DEF PROCcleanup LOCAL I% FOR I% = 1 TO nWorkers% PROC_killtimer(tID%(I%)) NEXT ENDPROC
package main import ( "log" "math/rand" "sync" "time" ) func worker(part string) { log.Println(part, "worker begins part") time.Sleep(time.Duration(rand.Int63n(1e6))) log.Println(part, "worker completes part") wg.Done() } var ( partList = []string{"A", "B", "C", "D"} nAssemblies = 3 wg sync.WaitGroup ) func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) for c := 1; c <= nAssemblies; c++ { log.Println("begin assembly cycle", c) wg.Add(len(partList)) for _, part := range partList { go worker(part) } wg.Wait() log.Println("assemble. cycle", c, "complete") } }
Generate an equivalent C version of this Clojure code.
(ns checkpoint.core (:gen-class) (:require [clojure.core.async :as async :refer [go <! >! <!! >!! alts! close!]] [clojure.string :as string])) (defn coordinate [ctl-ch resp-ch combine] (go (<! (async/timeout 2000)) (loop [members {}, received {}] (let [rcvd-count (count received) release #(doseq [outch (vals members)] (go (>! outch %))) received (if (and (pos? rcvd-count) (= rcvd-count (count members))) (do (-> received vals combine release) {}) received) [v ch] (alts! (cons ctl-ch (keys members)))] (if (= ch ctl-ch) (let [[op inch outch] v] (condp = op :join (do (>! resp-ch :ok) (recur (assoc members inch outch) received)) :part (do (>! resp-ch :ok) (close! inch) (close! outch) (recur (dissoc members inch) (dissoc received inch))) :exit :exit)) (if (nil? v) (do (close! (get members ch)) (recur (dissoc members ch) (dissoc received ch))) (recur members (assoc received ch v)))))))) (defprotocol ICheckpoint (join [this]) (part [this inch outch])) (deftype Checkpoint [ctl-ch resp-ch sync] ICheckpoint (join [this] (let [inch (async/chan), outch (async/chan 1)] (go (>! ctl-ch [:join inch outch]) (<! resp-ch) [inch outch]))) (part [this inch outch] (go (>! ctl-ch [:part inch outch])))) (defn checkpoint [combine] (let [ctl-ch (async/chan), resp-ch (async/chan 1)] (->Checkpoint ctl-ch resp-ch (coordinate ctl-ch resp-ch combine)))) (defn worker ([ckpt repeats] (worker ckpt repeats (fn [& args] nil))) ([ckpt repeats mon] (go (let [[send recv] (<! (join ckpt))] (doseq [n (range repeats)] (<! (async/timeout (rand-int 5000))) (>! send n) (mon "sent" n) (<! recv) (mon "recvd")) (part ckpt send recv))))) (defn -main [& args] (let [ckpt (checkpoint identity) monitor (fn [id] (fn [& args] (println (apply str "worker" id ":" (string/join " " args)))))] (worker ckpt 10 (monitor 1)) (worker ckpt 10 (monitor 2))))
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <omp.h> int main() { int jobs = 41, tid; omp_set_num_threads(5); #pragma omp parallel shared(jobs) private(tid) { tid = omp_get_thread_num(); while (jobs > 0) { #pragma omp barrier if (!jobs) break; printf("%d: taking job %d\n", tid, jobs--); usleep(100000 + rand() / (double) RAND_MAX * 3000000); printf("%d: done job\n", tid); } printf("[%d] leaving\n", tid); #pragma omp barrier } return 0; }
Translate the given Clojure code snippet into C# without altering its behavior.
(ns checkpoint.core (:gen-class) (:require [clojure.core.async :as async :refer [go <! >! <!! >!! alts! close!]] [clojure.string :as string])) (defn coordinate [ctl-ch resp-ch combine] (go (<! (async/timeout 2000)) (loop [members {}, received {}] (let [rcvd-count (count received) release #(doseq [outch (vals members)] (go (>! outch %))) received (if (and (pos? rcvd-count) (= rcvd-count (count members))) (do (-> received vals combine release) {}) received) [v ch] (alts! (cons ctl-ch (keys members)))] (if (= ch ctl-ch) (let [[op inch outch] v] (condp = op :join (do (>! resp-ch :ok) (recur (assoc members inch outch) received)) :part (do (>! resp-ch :ok) (close! inch) (close! outch) (recur (dissoc members inch) (dissoc received inch))) :exit :exit)) (if (nil? v) (do (close! (get members ch)) (recur (dissoc members ch) (dissoc received ch))) (recur members (assoc received ch v)))))))) (defprotocol ICheckpoint (join [this]) (part [this inch outch])) (deftype Checkpoint [ctl-ch resp-ch sync] ICheckpoint (join [this] (let [inch (async/chan), outch (async/chan 1)] (go (>! ctl-ch [:join inch outch]) (<! resp-ch) [inch outch]))) (part [this inch outch] (go (>! ctl-ch [:part inch outch])))) (defn checkpoint [combine] (let [ctl-ch (async/chan), resp-ch (async/chan 1)] (->Checkpoint ctl-ch resp-ch (coordinate ctl-ch resp-ch combine)))) (defn worker ([ckpt repeats] (worker ckpt repeats (fn [& args] nil))) ([ckpt repeats mon] (go (let [[send recv] (<! (join ckpt))] (doseq [n (range repeats)] (<! (async/timeout (rand-int 5000))) (>! send n) (mon "sent" n) (<! recv) (mon "recvd")) (part ckpt send recv))))) (defn -main [& args] (let [ckpt (checkpoint identity) monitor (fn [id] (fn [& args] (println (apply str "worker" id ":" (string/join " " args)))))] (worker ckpt 10 (monitor 1)) (worker ckpt 10 (monitor 2))))
using System; using System.Linq; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Rosetta.CheckPointSync; public class Program { public async Task Main() { RobotBuilder robotBuilder = new RobotBuilder(); Task work = robotBuilder.BuildRobots( "Optimus Prime", "R. Giskard Reventlov", "Data", "Marvin", "Bender", "Number Six", "C3-PO", "Dolores"); await work; } public class RobotBuilder { static readonly string[] parts = { "Head", "Torso", "Left arm", "Right arm", "Left leg", "Right leg" }; static readonly Random rng = new Random(); static readonly object key = new object(); public Task BuildRobots(params string[] robots) { int r = 0; Barrier checkpoint = new Barrier(parts.Length, b => { Console.WriteLine($"{robots[r]} assembled. Hello, {robots[r]}!"); Console.WriteLine(); r++; }); var tasks = parts.Select(part => BuildPart(checkpoint, part, robots)).ToArray(); return Task.WhenAll(tasks); } private static int GetTime() { lock (key) { return rng.Next(100, 1000); } } private async Task BuildPart(Barrier barrier, string part, string[] robots) { foreach (var robot in robots) { int time = GetTime(); Console.WriteLine($"Constructing {part} for {robot}. This will take {time}ms."); await Task.Delay(time); Console.WriteLine($"{part} for {robot} finished."); barrier.SignalAndWait(); } } } }
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in C++.
(ns checkpoint.core (:gen-class) (:require [clojure.core.async :as async :refer [go <! >! <!! >!! alts! close!]] [clojure.string :as string])) (defn coordinate [ctl-ch resp-ch combine] (go (<! (async/timeout 2000)) (loop [members {}, received {}] (let [rcvd-count (count received) release #(doseq [outch (vals members)] (go (>! outch %))) received (if (and (pos? rcvd-count) (= rcvd-count (count members))) (do (-> received vals combine release) {}) received) [v ch] (alts! (cons ctl-ch (keys members)))] (if (= ch ctl-ch) (let [[op inch outch] v] (condp = op :join (do (>! resp-ch :ok) (recur (assoc members inch outch) received)) :part (do (>! resp-ch :ok) (close! inch) (close! outch) (recur (dissoc members inch) (dissoc received inch))) :exit :exit)) (if (nil? v) (do (close! (get members ch)) (recur (dissoc members ch) (dissoc received ch))) (recur members (assoc received ch v)))))))) (defprotocol ICheckpoint (join [this]) (part [this inch outch])) (deftype Checkpoint [ctl-ch resp-ch sync] ICheckpoint (join [this] (let [inch (async/chan), outch (async/chan 1)] (go (>! ctl-ch [:join inch outch]) (<! resp-ch) [inch outch]))) (part [this inch outch] (go (>! ctl-ch [:part inch outch])))) (defn checkpoint [combine] (let [ctl-ch (async/chan), resp-ch (async/chan 1)] (->Checkpoint ctl-ch resp-ch (coordinate ctl-ch resp-ch combine)))) (defn worker ([ckpt repeats] (worker ckpt repeats (fn [& args] nil))) ([ckpt repeats mon] (go (let [[send recv] (<! (join ckpt))] (doseq [n (range repeats)] (<! (async/timeout (rand-int 5000))) (>! send n) (mon "sent" n) (<! recv) (mon "recvd")) (part ckpt send recv))))) (defn -main [& args] (let [ckpt (checkpoint identity) monitor (fn [id] (fn [& args] (println (apply str "worker" id ":" (string/join " " args)))))] (worker ckpt 10 (monitor 1)) (worker ckpt 10 (monitor 2))))
#include <iostream> #include <chrono> #include <atomic> #include <mutex> #include <random> #include <thread> std::mutex cout_lock; class Latch { std::atomic<int> semafor; public: Latch(int limit) : semafor(limit) {} void wait() { semafor.fetch_sub(1); while(semafor.load() > 0) std::this_thread::yield(); } }; struct Worker { static void do_work(int how_long, Latch& barrier, std::string name) { std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(how_long)); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cout_lock); std::cout << "Worker " << name << " finished work\n"; } barrier.wait(); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cout_lock); std::cout << "Worker " << name << " finished assembly\n"; } } }; int main() { Latch latch(5); std::mt19937 rng(std::random_device{}()); std::uniform_int_distribution<> dist(300, 3000); std::thread threads[] { std::thread(&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "John"), std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Henry"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Smith"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Jane"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Mary"}, }; for(auto& t: threads) t.join(); std::cout << "Assembly is finished"; }
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in Java.
(ns checkpoint.core (:gen-class) (:require [clojure.core.async :as async :refer [go <! >! <!! >!! alts! close!]] [clojure.string :as string])) (defn coordinate [ctl-ch resp-ch combine] (go (<! (async/timeout 2000)) (loop [members {}, received {}] (let [rcvd-count (count received) release #(doseq [outch (vals members)] (go (>! outch %))) received (if (and (pos? rcvd-count) (= rcvd-count (count members))) (do (-> received vals combine release) {}) received) [v ch] (alts! (cons ctl-ch (keys members)))] (if (= ch ctl-ch) (let [[op inch outch] v] (condp = op :join (do (>! resp-ch :ok) (recur (assoc members inch outch) received)) :part (do (>! resp-ch :ok) (close! inch) (close! outch) (recur (dissoc members inch) (dissoc received inch))) :exit :exit)) (if (nil? v) (do (close! (get members ch)) (recur (dissoc members ch) (dissoc received ch))) (recur members (assoc received ch v)))))))) (defprotocol ICheckpoint (join [this]) (part [this inch outch])) (deftype Checkpoint [ctl-ch resp-ch sync] ICheckpoint (join [this] (let [inch (async/chan), outch (async/chan 1)] (go (>! ctl-ch [:join inch outch]) (<! resp-ch) [inch outch]))) (part [this inch outch] (go (>! ctl-ch [:part inch outch])))) (defn checkpoint [combine] (let [ctl-ch (async/chan), resp-ch (async/chan 1)] (->Checkpoint ctl-ch resp-ch (coordinate ctl-ch resp-ch combine)))) (defn worker ([ckpt repeats] (worker ckpt repeats (fn [& args] nil))) ([ckpt repeats mon] (go (let [[send recv] (<! (join ckpt))] (doseq [n (range repeats)] (<! (async/timeout (rand-int 5000))) (>! send n) (mon "sent" n) (<! recv) (mon "recvd")) (part ckpt send recv))))) (defn -main [& args] (let [ckpt (checkpoint identity) monitor (fn [id] (fn [& args] (println (apply str "worker" id ":" (string/join " " args)))))] (worker ckpt 10 (monitor 1)) (worker ckpt 10 (monitor 2))))
import java.util.Scanner; import java.util.Random; public class CheckpointSync{ public static void main(String[] args){ System.out.print("Enter number of workers to use: "); Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); Worker.nWorkers = in.nextInt(); System.out.print("Enter number of tasks to complete:"); runTasks(in.nextInt()); } private static void runTasks(int nTasks){ for(int i = 0; i < nTasks; i++){ System.out.println("Starting task number " + (i+1) + "."); runThreads(); Worker.checkpoint(); } } private static void runThreads(){ for(int i = 0; i < Worker.nWorkers; i ++){ new Thread(new Worker(i+1)).start(); } } public static class Worker implements Runnable{ public Worker(int threadID){ this.threadID = threadID; } public void run(){ work(); } private synchronized void work(){ try { int workTime = rgen.nextInt(900) + 100; System.out.println("Worker " + threadID + " will work for " + workTime + " msec."); Thread.sleep(workTime); nFinished++; System.out.println("Worker " + threadID + " is ready"); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("Error: thread execution interrupted"); e.printStackTrace(); } } public static synchronized void checkpoint(){ while(nFinished != nWorkers){ try { Thread.sleep(10); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("Error: thread execution interrupted"); e.printStackTrace(); } } nFinished = 0; } private int threadID; private static Random rgen = new Random(); private static int nFinished = 0; public static int nWorkers = 0; } }
Generate an equivalent Python version of this Clojure code.
(ns checkpoint.core (:gen-class) (:require [clojure.core.async :as async :refer [go <! >! <!! >!! alts! close!]] [clojure.string :as string])) (defn coordinate [ctl-ch resp-ch combine] (go (<! (async/timeout 2000)) (loop [members {}, received {}] (let [rcvd-count (count received) release #(doseq [outch (vals members)] (go (>! outch %))) received (if (and (pos? rcvd-count) (= rcvd-count (count members))) (do (-> received vals combine release) {}) received) [v ch] (alts! (cons ctl-ch (keys members)))] (if (= ch ctl-ch) (let [[op inch outch] v] (condp = op :join (do (>! resp-ch :ok) (recur (assoc members inch outch) received)) :part (do (>! resp-ch :ok) (close! inch) (close! outch) (recur (dissoc members inch) (dissoc received inch))) :exit :exit)) (if (nil? v) (do (close! (get members ch)) (recur (dissoc members ch) (dissoc received ch))) (recur members (assoc received ch v)))))))) (defprotocol ICheckpoint (join [this]) (part [this inch outch])) (deftype Checkpoint [ctl-ch resp-ch sync] ICheckpoint (join [this] (let [inch (async/chan), outch (async/chan 1)] (go (>! ctl-ch [:join inch outch]) (<! resp-ch) [inch outch]))) (part [this inch outch] (go (>! ctl-ch [:part inch outch])))) (defn checkpoint [combine] (let [ctl-ch (async/chan), resp-ch (async/chan 1)] (->Checkpoint ctl-ch resp-ch (coordinate ctl-ch resp-ch combine)))) (defn worker ([ckpt repeats] (worker ckpt repeats (fn [& args] nil))) ([ckpt repeats mon] (go (let [[send recv] (<! (join ckpt))] (doseq [n (range repeats)] (<! (async/timeout (rand-int 5000))) (>! send n) (mon "sent" n) (<! recv) (mon "recvd")) (part ckpt send recv))))) (defn -main [& args] (let [ckpt (checkpoint identity) monitor (fn [id] (fn [& args] (println (apply str "worker" id ":" (string/join " " args)))))] (worker ckpt 10 (monitor 1)) (worker ckpt 10 (monitor 2))))
import threading import time import random def worker(workernum, barrier): sleeptime = random.random() print('Starting worker '+str(workernum)+" task 1, sleeptime="+str(sleeptime)) time.sleep(sleeptime) print('Exiting worker'+str(workernum)) barrier.wait() sleeptime = random.random() print('Starting worker '+str(workernum)+" task 2, sleeptime="+str(sleeptime)) time.sleep(sleeptime) print('Exiting worker'+str(workernum)) barrier = threading.Barrier(3) w1 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((1,barrier))) w2 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((2,barrier))) w3 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((3,barrier))) w1.start() w2.start() w3.start()
Change the following Clojure code into Go without altering its purpose.
(ns checkpoint.core (:gen-class) (:require [clojure.core.async :as async :refer [go <! >! <!! >!! alts! close!]] [clojure.string :as string])) (defn coordinate [ctl-ch resp-ch combine] (go (<! (async/timeout 2000)) (loop [members {}, received {}] (let [rcvd-count (count received) release #(doseq [outch (vals members)] (go (>! outch %))) received (if (and (pos? rcvd-count) (= rcvd-count (count members))) (do (-> received vals combine release) {}) received) [v ch] (alts! (cons ctl-ch (keys members)))] (if (= ch ctl-ch) (let [[op inch outch] v] (condp = op :join (do (>! resp-ch :ok) (recur (assoc members inch outch) received)) :part (do (>! resp-ch :ok) (close! inch) (close! outch) (recur (dissoc members inch) (dissoc received inch))) :exit :exit)) (if (nil? v) (do (close! (get members ch)) (recur (dissoc members ch) (dissoc received ch))) (recur members (assoc received ch v)))))))) (defprotocol ICheckpoint (join [this]) (part [this inch outch])) (deftype Checkpoint [ctl-ch resp-ch sync] ICheckpoint (join [this] (let [inch (async/chan), outch (async/chan 1)] (go (>! ctl-ch [:join inch outch]) (<! resp-ch) [inch outch]))) (part [this inch outch] (go (>! ctl-ch [:part inch outch])))) (defn checkpoint [combine] (let [ctl-ch (async/chan), resp-ch (async/chan 1)] (->Checkpoint ctl-ch resp-ch (coordinate ctl-ch resp-ch combine)))) (defn worker ([ckpt repeats] (worker ckpt repeats (fn [& args] nil))) ([ckpt repeats mon] (go (let [[send recv] (<! (join ckpt))] (doseq [n (range repeats)] (<! (async/timeout (rand-int 5000))) (>! send n) (mon "sent" n) (<! recv) (mon "recvd")) (part ckpt send recv))))) (defn -main [& args] (let [ckpt (checkpoint identity) monitor (fn [id] (fn [& args] (println (apply str "worker" id ":" (string/join " " args)))))] (worker ckpt 10 (monitor 1)) (worker ckpt 10 (monitor 2))))
package main import ( "log" "math/rand" "sync" "time" ) func worker(part string) { log.Println(part, "worker begins part") time.Sleep(time.Duration(rand.Int63n(1e6))) log.Println(part, "worker completes part") wg.Done() } var ( partList = []string{"A", "B", "C", "D"} nAssemblies = 3 wg sync.WaitGroup ) func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) for c := 1; c <= nAssemblies; c++ { log.Println("begin assembly cycle", c) wg.Add(len(partList)) for _, part := range partList { go worker(part) } wg.Wait() log.Println("assemble. cycle", c, "complete") } }
Write the same algorithm in C as shown in this D implementation.
import std.stdio; import std.parallelism: taskPool, defaultPoolThreads, totalCPUs; void buildMechanism(uint nparts) { auto details = new uint[nparts]; foreach (i, ref detail; taskPool.parallel(details)) { writeln("Build detail ", i); detail = i; } writeln("Checkpoint reached. Assemble details ..."); uint sum = 0; foreach (immutable detail; details) sum += detail; writeln("Mechanism with ", nparts, " parts finished: ", sum); } void main() { defaultPoolThreads = totalCPUs + 1; buildMechanism(42); buildMechanism(11); }
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <omp.h> int main() { int jobs = 41, tid; omp_set_num_threads(5); #pragma omp parallel shared(jobs) private(tid) { tid = omp_get_thread_num(); while (jobs > 0) { #pragma omp barrier if (!jobs) break; printf("%d: taking job %d\n", tid, jobs--); usleep(100000 + rand() / (double) RAND_MAX * 3000000); printf("%d: done job\n", tid); } printf("[%d] leaving\n", tid); #pragma omp barrier } return 0; }
Translate the given D code snippet into C# without altering its behavior.
import std.stdio; import std.parallelism: taskPool, defaultPoolThreads, totalCPUs; void buildMechanism(uint nparts) { auto details = new uint[nparts]; foreach (i, ref detail; taskPool.parallel(details)) { writeln("Build detail ", i); detail = i; } writeln("Checkpoint reached. Assemble details ..."); uint sum = 0; foreach (immutable detail; details) sum += detail; writeln("Mechanism with ", nparts, " parts finished: ", sum); } void main() { defaultPoolThreads = totalCPUs + 1; buildMechanism(42); buildMechanism(11); }
using System; using System.Linq; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Rosetta.CheckPointSync; public class Program { public async Task Main() { RobotBuilder robotBuilder = new RobotBuilder(); Task work = robotBuilder.BuildRobots( "Optimus Prime", "R. Giskard Reventlov", "Data", "Marvin", "Bender", "Number Six", "C3-PO", "Dolores"); await work; } public class RobotBuilder { static readonly string[] parts = { "Head", "Torso", "Left arm", "Right arm", "Left leg", "Right leg" }; static readonly Random rng = new Random(); static readonly object key = new object(); public Task BuildRobots(params string[] robots) { int r = 0; Barrier checkpoint = new Barrier(parts.Length, b => { Console.WriteLine($"{robots[r]} assembled. Hello, {robots[r]}!"); Console.WriteLine(); r++; }); var tasks = parts.Select(part => BuildPart(checkpoint, part, robots)).ToArray(); return Task.WhenAll(tasks); } private static int GetTime() { lock (key) { return rng.Next(100, 1000); } } private async Task BuildPart(Barrier barrier, string part, string[] robots) { foreach (var robot in robots) { int time = GetTime(); Console.WriteLine($"Constructing {part} for {robot}. This will take {time}ms."); await Task.Delay(time); Console.WriteLine($"{part} for {robot} finished."); barrier.SignalAndWait(); } } } }
Generate an equivalent C++ version of this D code.
import std.stdio; import std.parallelism: taskPool, defaultPoolThreads, totalCPUs; void buildMechanism(uint nparts) { auto details = new uint[nparts]; foreach (i, ref detail; taskPool.parallel(details)) { writeln("Build detail ", i); detail = i; } writeln("Checkpoint reached. Assemble details ..."); uint sum = 0; foreach (immutable detail; details) sum += detail; writeln("Mechanism with ", nparts, " parts finished: ", sum); } void main() { defaultPoolThreads = totalCPUs + 1; buildMechanism(42); buildMechanism(11); }
#include <iostream> #include <chrono> #include <atomic> #include <mutex> #include <random> #include <thread> std::mutex cout_lock; class Latch { std::atomic<int> semafor; public: Latch(int limit) : semafor(limit) {} void wait() { semafor.fetch_sub(1); while(semafor.load() > 0) std::this_thread::yield(); } }; struct Worker { static void do_work(int how_long, Latch& barrier, std::string name) { std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(how_long)); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cout_lock); std::cout << "Worker " << name << " finished work\n"; } barrier.wait(); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cout_lock); std::cout << "Worker " << name << " finished assembly\n"; } } }; int main() { Latch latch(5); std::mt19937 rng(std::random_device{}()); std::uniform_int_distribution<> dist(300, 3000); std::thread threads[] { std::thread(&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "John"), std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Henry"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Smith"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Jane"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Mary"}, }; for(auto& t: threads) t.join(); std::cout << "Assembly is finished"; }
Port the following code from D to Java with equivalent syntax and logic.
import std.stdio; import std.parallelism: taskPool, defaultPoolThreads, totalCPUs; void buildMechanism(uint nparts) { auto details = new uint[nparts]; foreach (i, ref detail; taskPool.parallel(details)) { writeln("Build detail ", i); detail = i; } writeln("Checkpoint reached. Assemble details ..."); uint sum = 0; foreach (immutable detail; details) sum += detail; writeln("Mechanism with ", nparts, " parts finished: ", sum); } void main() { defaultPoolThreads = totalCPUs + 1; buildMechanism(42); buildMechanism(11); }
import java.util.Scanner; import java.util.Random; public class CheckpointSync{ public static void main(String[] args){ System.out.print("Enter number of workers to use: "); Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); Worker.nWorkers = in.nextInt(); System.out.print("Enter number of tasks to complete:"); runTasks(in.nextInt()); } private static void runTasks(int nTasks){ for(int i = 0; i < nTasks; i++){ System.out.println("Starting task number " + (i+1) + "."); runThreads(); Worker.checkpoint(); } } private static void runThreads(){ for(int i = 0; i < Worker.nWorkers; i ++){ new Thread(new Worker(i+1)).start(); } } public static class Worker implements Runnable{ public Worker(int threadID){ this.threadID = threadID; } public void run(){ work(); } private synchronized void work(){ try { int workTime = rgen.nextInt(900) + 100; System.out.println("Worker " + threadID + " will work for " + workTime + " msec."); Thread.sleep(workTime); nFinished++; System.out.println("Worker " + threadID + " is ready"); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("Error: thread execution interrupted"); e.printStackTrace(); } } public static synchronized void checkpoint(){ while(nFinished != nWorkers){ try { Thread.sleep(10); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("Error: thread execution interrupted"); e.printStackTrace(); } } nFinished = 0; } private int threadID; private static Random rgen = new Random(); private static int nFinished = 0; public static int nWorkers = 0; } }
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from D to Python.
import std.stdio; import std.parallelism: taskPool, defaultPoolThreads, totalCPUs; void buildMechanism(uint nparts) { auto details = new uint[nparts]; foreach (i, ref detail; taskPool.parallel(details)) { writeln("Build detail ", i); detail = i; } writeln("Checkpoint reached. Assemble details ..."); uint sum = 0; foreach (immutable detail; details) sum += detail; writeln("Mechanism with ", nparts, " parts finished: ", sum); } void main() { defaultPoolThreads = totalCPUs + 1; buildMechanism(42); buildMechanism(11); }
import threading import time import random def worker(workernum, barrier): sleeptime = random.random() print('Starting worker '+str(workernum)+" task 1, sleeptime="+str(sleeptime)) time.sleep(sleeptime) print('Exiting worker'+str(workernum)) barrier.wait() sleeptime = random.random() print('Starting worker '+str(workernum)+" task 2, sleeptime="+str(sleeptime)) time.sleep(sleeptime) print('Exiting worker'+str(workernum)) barrier = threading.Barrier(3) w1 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((1,barrier))) w2 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((2,barrier))) w3 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((3,barrier))) w1.start() w2.start() w3.start()
Convert this D block to Go, preserving its control flow and logic.
import std.stdio; import std.parallelism: taskPool, defaultPoolThreads, totalCPUs; void buildMechanism(uint nparts) { auto details = new uint[nparts]; foreach (i, ref detail; taskPool.parallel(details)) { writeln("Build detail ", i); detail = i; } writeln("Checkpoint reached. Assemble details ..."); uint sum = 0; foreach (immutable detail; details) sum += detail; writeln("Mechanism with ", nparts, " parts finished: ", sum); } void main() { defaultPoolThreads = totalCPUs + 1; buildMechanism(42); buildMechanism(11); }
package main import ( "log" "math/rand" "sync" "time" ) func worker(part string) { log.Println(part, "worker begins part") time.Sleep(time.Duration(rand.Int63n(1e6))) log.Println(part, "worker completes part") wg.Done() } var ( partList = []string{"A", "B", "C", "D"} nAssemblies = 3 wg sync.WaitGroup ) func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) for c := 1; c <= nAssemblies; c++ { log.Println("begin assembly cycle", c) wg.Add(len(partList)) for _, part := range partList { go worker(part) } wg.Wait() log.Println("assemble. cycle", c, "complete") } }
Translate this program into C but keep the logic exactly as in Erlang.
-module( checkpoint_synchronization ). -export( [task/0] ). task() -> Pid = erlang:spawn( fun() -> checkpoint_loop([], []) end ), [erlang:spawn(fun() -> random:seed(X, 1, 0), worker_loop(X, 3, Pid) end) || X <- lists:seq(1, 5)], erlang:exit( Pid, normal ). checkpoint_loop( Assemblings, Completes ) -> receive {starting, Worker} -> checkpoint_loop( [Worker | Assemblings], Completes ); {done, Worker} -> New_assemblings = lists:delete( Worker, Assemblings ), New_completes = checkpoint_loop_release( New_assemblings, [Worker | Completes] ), checkpoint_loop( New_assemblings, New_completes ) end. checkpoint_loop_release( [], Completes ) -> [X ! all_complete || X <- Completes], []; checkpoint_loop_release( _Assemblings, Completes ) -> Completes. worker_loop( _Worker, 0, _Checkpoint ) -> ok; worker_loop( Worker, N, Checkpoint ) -> Checkpoint ! {starting, erlang:self()}, io:fwrite( "Worker ~p ~p~n", [Worker, N] ), timer:sleep( random:uniform(100) ), Checkpoint ! {done, erlang:self()}, receive all_complete -> ok end, worker_loop( Worker, N - 1, Checkpoint ).
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <omp.h> int main() { int jobs = 41, tid; omp_set_num_threads(5); #pragma omp parallel shared(jobs) private(tid) { tid = omp_get_thread_num(); while (jobs > 0) { #pragma omp barrier if (!jobs) break; printf("%d: taking job %d\n", tid, jobs--); usleep(100000 + rand() / (double) RAND_MAX * 3000000); printf("%d: done job\n", tid); } printf("[%d] leaving\n", tid); #pragma omp barrier } return 0; }
Ensure the translated C# code behaves exactly like the original Erlang snippet.
-module( checkpoint_synchronization ). -export( [task/0] ). task() -> Pid = erlang:spawn( fun() -> checkpoint_loop([], []) end ), [erlang:spawn(fun() -> random:seed(X, 1, 0), worker_loop(X, 3, Pid) end) || X <- lists:seq(1, 5)], erlang:exit( Pid, normal ). checkpoint_loop( Assemblings, Completes ) -> receive {starting, Worker} -> checkpoint_loop( [Worker | Assemblings], Completes ); {done, Worker} -> New_assemblings = lists:delete( Worker, Assemblings ), New_completes = checkpoint_loop_release( New_assemblings, [Worker | Completes] ), checkpoint_loop( New_assemblings, New_completes ) end. checkpoint_loop_release( [], Completes ) -> [X ! all_complete || X <- Completes], []; checkpoint_loop_release( _Assemblings, Completes ) -> Completes. worker_loop( _Worker, 0, _Checkpoint ) -> ok; worker_loop( Worker, N, Checkpoint ) -> Checkpoint ! {starting, erlang:self()}, io:fwrite( "Worker ~p ~p~n", [Worker, N] ), timer:sleep( random:uniform(100) ), Checkpoint ! {done, erlang:self()}, receive all_complete -> ok end, worker_loop( Worker, N - 1, Checkpoint ).
using System; using System.Linq; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Rosetta.CheckPointSync; public class Program { public async Task Main() { RobotBuilder robotBuilder = new RobotBuilder(); Task work = robotBuilder.BuildRobots( "Optimus Prime", "R. Giskard Reventlov", "Data", "Marvin", "Bender", "Number Six", "C3-PO", "Dolores"); await work; } public class RobotBuilder { static readonly string[] parts = { "Head", "Torso", "Left arm", "Right arm", "Left leg", "Right leg" }; static readonly Random rng = new Random(); static readonly object key = new object(); public Task BuildRobots(params string[] robots) { int r = 0; Barrier checkpoint = new Barrier(parts.Length, b => { Console.WriteLine($"{robots[r]} assembled. Hello, {robots[r]}!"); Console.WriteLine(); r++; }); var tasks = parts.Select(part => BuildPart(checkpoint, part, robots)).ToArray(); return Task.WhenAll(tasks); } private static int GetTime() { lock (key) { return rng.Next(100, 1000); } } private async Task BuildPart(Barrier barrier, string part, string[] robots) { foreach (var robot in robots) { int time = GetTime(); Console.WriteLine($"Constructing {part} for {robot}. This will take {time}ms."); await Task.Delay(time); Console.WriteLine($"{part} for {robot} finished."); barrier.SignalAndWait(); } } } }
Write the same algorithm in C++ as shown in this Erlang implementation.
-module( checkpoint_synchronization ). -export( [task/0] ). task() -> Pid = erlang:spawn( fun() -> checkpoint_loop([], []) end ), [erlang:spawn(fun() -> random:seed(X, 1, 0), worker_loop(X, 3, Pid) end) || X <- lists:seq(1, 5)], erlang:exit( Pid, normal ). checkpoint_loop( Assemblings, Completes ) -> receive {starting, Worker} -> checkpoint_loop( [Worker | Assemblings], Completes ); {done, Worker} -> New_assemblings = lists:delete( Worker, Assemblings ), New_completes = checkpoint_loop_release( New_assemblings, [Worker | Completes] ), checkpoint_loop( New_assemblings, New_completes ) end. checkpoint_loop_release( [], Completes ) -> [X ! all_complete || X <- Completes], []; checkpoint_loop_release( _Assemblings, Completes ) -> Completes. worker_loop( _Worker, 0, _Checkpoint ) -> ok; worker_loop( Worker, N, Checkpoint ) -> Checkpoint ! {starting, erlang:self()}, io:fwrite( "Worker ~p ~p~n", [Worker, N] ), timer:sleep( random:uniform(100) ), Checkpoint ! {done, erlang:self()}, receive all_complete -> ok end, worker_loop( Worker, N - 1, Checkpoint ).
#include <iostream> #include <chrono> #include <atomic> #include <mutex> #include <random> #include <thread> std::mutex cout_lock; class Latch { std::atomic<int> semafor; public: Latch(int limit) : semafor(limit) {} void wait() { semafor.fetch_sub(1); while(semafor.load() > 0) std::this_thread::yield(); } }; struct Worker { static void do_work(int how_long, Latch& barrier, std::string name) { std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(how_long)); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cout_lock); std::cout << "Worker " << name << " finished work\n"; } barrier.wait(); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cout_lock); std::cout << "Worker " << name << " finished assembly\n"; } } }; int main() { Latch latch(5); std::mt19937 rng(std::random_device{}()); std::uniform_int_distribution<> dist(300, 3000); std::thread threads[] { std::thread(&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "John"), std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Henry"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Smith"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Jane"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Mary"}, }; for(auto& t: threads) t.join(); std::cout << "Assembly is finished"; }
Convert this Erlang snippet to Java and keep its semantics consistent.
-module( checkpoint_synchronization ). -export( [task/0] ). task() -> Pid = erlang:spawn( fun() -> checkpoint_loop([], []) end ), [erlang:spawn(fun() -> random:seed(X, 1, 0), worker_loop(X, 3, Pid) end) || X <- lists:seq(1, 5)], erlang:exit( Pid, normal ). checkpoint_loop( Assemblings, Completes ) -> receive {starting, Worker} -> checkpoint_loop( [Worker | Assemblings], Completes ); {done, Worker} -> New_assemblings = lists:delete( Worker, Assemblings ), New_completes = checkpoint_loop_release( New_assemblings, [Worker | Completes] ), checkpoint_loop( New_assemblings, New_completes ) end. checkpoint_loop_release( [], Completes ) -> [X ! all_complete || X <- Completes], []; checkpoint_loop_release( _Assemblings, Completes ) -> Completes. worker_loop( _Worker, 0, _Checkpoint ) -> ok; worker_loop( Worker, N, Checkpoint ) -> Checkpoint ! {starting, erlang:self()}, io:fwrite( "Worker ~p ~p~n", [Worker, N] ), timer:sleep( random:uniform(100) ), Checkpoint ! {done, erlang:self()}, receive all_complete -> ok end, worker_loop( Worker, N - 1, Checkpoint ).
import java.util.Scanner; import java.util.Random; public class CheckpointSync{ public static void main(String[] args){ System.out.print("Enter number of workers to use: "); Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); Worker.nWorkers = in.nextInt(); System.out.print("Enter number of tasks to complete:"); runTasks(in.nextInt()); } private static void runTasks(int nTasks){ for(int i = 0; i < nTasks; i++){ System.out.println("Starting task number " + (i+1) + "."); runThreads(); Worker.checkpoint(); } } private static void runThreads(){ for(int i = 0; i < Worker.nWorkers; i ++){ new Thread(new Worker(i+1)).start(); } } public static class Worker implements Runnable{ public Worker(int threadID){ this.threadID = threadID; } public void run(){ work(); } private synchronized void work(){ try { int workTime = rgen.nextInt(900) + 100; System.out.println("Worker " + threadID + " will work for " + workTime + " msec."); Thread.sleep(workTime); nFinished++; System.out.println("Worker " + threadID + " is ready"); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("Error: thread execution interrupted"); e.printStackTrace(); } } public static synchronized void checkpoint(){ while(nFinished != nWorkers){ try { Thread.sleep(10); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("Error: thread execution interrupted"); e.printStackTrace(); } } nFinished = 0; } private int threadID; private static Random rgen = new Random(); private static int nFinished = 0; public static int nWorkers = 0; } }
Maintain the same structure and functionality when rewriting this code in Python.
-module( checkpoint_synchronization ). -export( [task/0] ). task() -> Pid = erlang:spawn( fun() -> checkpoint_loop([], []) end ), [erlang:spawn(fun() -> random:seed(X, 1, 0), worker_loop(X, 3, Pid) end) || X <- lists:seq(1, 5)], erlang:exit( Pid, normal ). checkpoint_loop( Assemblings, Completes ) -> receive {starting, Worker} -> checkpoint_loop( [Worker | Assemblings], Completes ); {done, Worker} -> New_assemblings = lists:delete( Worker, Assemblings ), New_completes = checkpoint_loop_release( New_assemblings, [Worker | Completes] ), checkpoint_loop( New_assemblings, New_completes ) end. checkpoint_loop_release( [], Completes ) -> [X ! all_complete || X <- Completes], []; checkpoint_loop_release( _Assemblings, Completes ) -> Completes. worker_loop( _Worker, 0, _Checkpoint ) -> ok; worker_loop( Worker, N, Checkpoint ) -> Checkpoint ! {starting, erlang:self()}, io:fwrite( "Worker ~p ~p~n", [Worker, N] ), timer:sleep( random:uniform(100) ), Checkpoint ! {done, erlang:self()}, receive all_complete -> ok end, worker_loop( Worker, N - 1, Checkpoint ).
import threading import time import random def worker(workernum, barrier): sleeptime = random.random() print('Starting worker '+str(workernum)+" task 1, sleeptime="+str(sleeptime)) time.sleep(sleeptime) print('Exiting worker'+str(workernum)) barrier.wait() sleeptime = random.random() print('Starting worker '+str(workernum)+" task 2, sleeptime="+str(sleeptime)) time.sleep(sleeptime) print('Exiting worker'+str(workernum)) barrier = threading.Barrier(3) w1 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((1,barrier))) w2 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((2,barrier))) w3 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((3,barrier))) w1.start() w2.start() w3.start()
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Erlang to Go.
-module( checkpoint_synchronization ). -export( [task/0] ). task() -> Pid = erlang:spawn( fun() -> checkpoint_loop([], []) end ), [erlang:spawn(fun() -> random:seed(X, 1, 0), worker_loop(X, 3, Pid) end) || X <- lists:seq(1, 5)], erlang:exit( Pid, normal ). checkpoint_loop( Assemblings, Completes ) -> receive {starting, Worker} -> checkpoint_loop( [Worker | Assemblings], Completes ); {done, Worker} -> New_assemblings = lists:delete( Worker, Assemblings ), New_completes = checkpoint_loop_release( New_assemblings, [Worker | Completes] ), checkpoint_loop( New_assemblings, New_completes ) end. checkpoint_loop_release( [], Completes ) -> [X ! all_complete || X <- Completes], []; checkpoint_loop_release( _Assemblings, Completes ) -> Completes. worker_loop( _Worker, 0, _Checkpoint ) -> ok; worker_loop( Worker, N, Checkpoint ) -> Checkpoint ! {starting, erlang:self()}, io:fwrite( "Worker ~p ~p~n", [Worker, N] ), timer:sleep( random:uniform(100) ), Checkpoint ! {done, erlang:self()}, receive all_complete -> ok end, worker_loop( Worker, N - 1, Checkpoint ).
package main import ( "log" "math/rand" "sync" "time" ) func worker(part string) { log.Println(part, "worker begins part") time.Sleep(time.Duration(rand.Int63n(1e6))) log.Println(part, "worker completes part") wg.Done() } var ( partList = []string{"A", "B", "C", "D"} nAssemblies = 3 wg sync.WaitGroup ) func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) for c := 1; c <= nAssemblies; c++ { log.Println("begin assembly cycle", c) wg.Add(len(partList)) for _, part := range partList { go worker(part) } wg.Wait() log.Println("assemble. cycle", c, "complete") } }
Write the same algorithm in C as shown in this Haskell implementation.
import Control.Parallel data Task a = Idle | Make a type TaskList a = [a] type Results a = [a] type TaskGroups a = [TaskList a] type WorkerList a = [Worker a] type Worker a = [Task a] runTasks :: TaskList a -> Results a runTasks [] = [] runTasks (x:[]) = x : [] runTasks (x:y:[]) = y `par` x : y : [] runTasks (x:y:ys) = y `par` x : y : runTasks ys groupTasks :: WorkerList a -> TaskGroups a groupTasks [] = [] groupTasks xs | allWorkersIdle xs = [] | otherwise = concatMap extractTask xs : groupTasks (map removeTask xs) extractTask :: Worker a -> [a] extractTask [] = [] extractTask (Idle:_) = [] extractTask (Make a:_) = [a] removeTask :: Worker a -> Worker a removeTask = drop 1 allWorkersIdle :: WorkerList a -> Bool allWorkersIdle = all null . map extractTask worker1 :: Worker Integer worker1 = map Make [ sum [1..n*1000000] | n <- [1..5] ] worker2 :: Worker Integer worker2 = map Make [ sum [1..n*100000] | n <- [1..4] ] worker3 :: Worker Integer worker3 = map Make [ sum [1..n*1000000] | n <- [1..3] ] worker4 :: Worker Integer worker4 = map Make [ sum [1..n*300000] | n <- [1..5] ] worker5 :: Worker Integer worker5 = [Idle] ++ map Make [ sum [1..n*400000] | n <- [1..4] ] tasks :: TaskGroups Integer tasks = groupTasks [worker1, worker2, worker3, worker4, worker5] workshop :: (Show a, Num a, Show b, Num b) => ([a] -> b) -> [[a]] -> IO () workshop func a = mapM_ doWork $ zip [1..length a] a where doWork (x, y) = do putStrLn $ "Doing task " ++ show x ++ "." putStrLn $ "There are " ++ show (length y) ++ " workers for this task." putStrLn "Waiting for all workers..." print $ func $ runTasks y putStrLn $ "Task " ++ show x ++ " done." main = workshop sum tasks
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <omp.h> int main() { int jobs = 41, tid; omp_set_num_threads(5); #pragma omp parallel shared(jobs) private(tid) { tid = omp_get_thread_num(); while (jobs > 0) { #pragma omp barrier if (!jobs) break; printf("%d: taking job %d\n", tid, jobs--); usleep(100000 + rand() / (double) RAND_MAX * 3000000); printf("%d: done job\n", tid); } printf("[%d] leaving\n", tid); #pragma omp barrier } return 0; }
Convert the following code from Haskell to C#, ensuring the logic remains intact.
import Control.Parallel data Task a = Idle | Make a type TaskList a = [a] type Results a = [a] type TaskGroups a = [TaskList a] type WorkerList a = [Worker a] type Worker a = [Task a] runTasks :: TaskList a -> Results a runTasks [] = [] runTasks (x:[]) = x : [] runTasks (x:y:[]) = y `par` x : y : [] runTasks (x:y:ys) = y `par` x : y : runTasks ys groupTasks :: WorkerList a -> TaskGroups a groupTasks [] = [] groupTasks xs | allWorkersIdle xs = [] | otherwise = concatMap extractTask xs : groupTasks (map removeTask xs) extractTask :: Worker a -> [a] extractTask [] = [] extractTask (Idle:_) = [] extractTask (Make a:_) = [a] removeTask :: Worker a -> Worker a removeTask = drop 1 allWorkersIdle :: WorkerList a -> Bool allWorkersIdle = all null . map extractTask worker1 :: Worker Integer worker1 = map Make [ sum [1..n*1000000] | n <- [1..5] ] worker2 :: Worker Integer worker2 = map Make [ sum [1..n*100000] | n <- [1..4] ] worker3 :: Worker Integer worker3 = map Make [ sum [1..n*1000000] | n <- [1..3] ] worker4 :: Worker Integer worker4 = map Make [ sum [1..n*300000] | n <- [1..5] ] worker5 :: Worker Integer worker5 = [Idle] ++ map Make [ sum [1..n*400000] | n <- [1..4] ] tasks :: TaskGroups Integer tasks = groupTasks [worker1, worker2, worker3, worker4, worker5] workshop :: (Show a, Num a, Show b, Num b) => ([a] -> b) -> [[a]] -> IO () workshop func a = mapM_ doWork $ zip [1..length a] a where doWork (x, y) = do putStrLn $ "Doing task " ++ show x ++ "." putStrLn $ "There are " ++ show (length y) ++ " workers for this task." putStrLn "Waiting for all workers..." print $ func $ runTasks y putStrLn $ "Task " ++ show x ++ " done." main = workshop sum tasks
using System; using System.Linq; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Rosetta.CheckPointSync; public class Program { public async Task Main() { RobotBuilder robotBuilder = new RobotBuilder(); Task work = robotBuilder.BuildRobots( "Optimus Prime", "R. Giskard Reventlov", "Data", "Marvin", "Bender", "Number Six", "C3-PO", "Dolores"); await work; } public class RobotBuilder { static readonly string[] parts = { "Head", "Torso", "Left arm", "Right arm", "Left leg", "Right leg" }; static readonly Random rng = new Random(); static readonly object key = new object(); public Task BuildRobots(params string[] robots) { int r = 0; Barrier checkpoint = new Barrier(parts.Length, b => { Console.WriteLine($"{robots[r]} assembled. Hello, {robots[r]}!"); Console.WriteLine(); r++; }); var tasks = parts.Select(part => BuildPart(checkpoint, part, robots)).ToArray(); return Task.WhenAll(tasks); } private static int GetTime() { lock (key) { return rng.Next(100, 1000); } } private async Task BuildPart(Barrier barrier, string part, string[] robots) { foreach (var robot in robots) { int time = GetTime(); Console.WriteLine($"Constructing {part} for {robot}. This will take {time}ms."); await Task.Delay(time); Console.WriteLine($"{part} for {robot} finished."); barrier.SignalAndWait(); } } } }
Change the following Haskell code into C++ without altering its purpose.
import Control.Parallel data Task a = Idle | Make a type TaskList a = [a] type Results a = [a] type TaskGroups a = [TaskList a] type WorkerList a = [Worker a] type Worker a = [Task a] runTasks :: TaskList a -> Results a runTasks [] = [] runTasks (x:[]) = x : [] runTasks (x:y:[]) = y `par` x : y : [] runTasks (x:y:ys) = y `par` x : y : runTasks ys groupTasks :: WorkerList a -> TaskGroups a groupTasks [] = [] groupTasks xs | allWorkersIdle xs = [] | otherwise = concatMap extractTask xs : groupTasks (map removeTask xs) extractTask :: Worker a -> [a] extractTask [] = [] extractTask (Idle:_) = [] extractTask (Make a:_) = [a] removeTask :: Worker a -> Worker a removeTask = drop 1 allWorkersIdle :: WorkerList a -> Bool allWorkersIdle = all null . map extractTask worker1 :: Worker Integer worker1 = map Make [ sum [1..n*1000000] | n <- [1..5] ] worker2 :: Worker Integer worker2 = map Make [ sum [1..n*100000] | n <- [1..4] ] worker3 :: Worker Integer worker3 = map Make [ sum [1..n*1000000] | n <- [1..3] ] worker4 :: Worker Integer worker4 = map Make [ sum [1..n*300000] | n <- [1..5] ] worker5 :: Worker Integer worker5 = [Idle] ++ map Make [ sum [1..n*400000] | n <- [1..4] ] tasks :: TaskGroups Integer tasks = groupTasks [worker1, worker2, worker3, worker4, worker5] workshop :: (Show a, Num a, Show b, Num b) => ([a] -> b) -> [[a]] -> IO () workshop func a = mapM_ doWork $ zip [1..length a] a where doWork (x, y) = do putStrLn $ "Doing task " ++ show x ++ "." putStrLn $ "There are " ++ show (length y) ++ " workers for this task." putStrLn "Waiting for all workers..." print $ func $ runTasks y putStrLn $ "Task " ++ show x ++ " done." main = workshop sum tasks
#include <iostream> #include <chrono> #include <atomic> #include <mutex> #include <random> #include <thread> std::mutex cout_lock; class Latch { std::atomic<int> semafor; public: Latch(int limit) : semafor(limit) {} void wait() { semafor.fetch_sub(1); while(semafor.load() > 0) std::this_thread::yield(); } }; struct Worker { static void do_work(int how_long, Latch& barrier, std::string name) { std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(how_long)); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cout_lock); std::cout << "Worker " << name << " finished work\n"; } barrier.wait(); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cout_lock); std::cout << "Worker " << name << " finished assembly\n"; } } }; int main() { Latch latch(5); std::mt19937 rng(std::random_device{}()); std::uniform_int_distribution<> dist(300, 3000); std::thread threads[] { std::thread(&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "John"), std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Henry"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Smith"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Jane"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Mary"}, }; for(auto& t: threads) t.join(); std::cout << "Assembly is finished"; }
Write a version of this Haskell function in Java with identical behavior.
import Control.Parallel data Task a = Idle | Make a type TaskList a = [a] type Results a = [a] type TaskGroups a = [TaskList a] type WorkerList a = [Worker a] type Worker a = [Task a] runTasks :: TaskList a -> Results a runTasks [] = [] runTasks (x:[]) = x : [] runTasks (x:y:[]) = y `par` x : y : [] runTasks (x:y:ys) = y `par` x : y : runTasks ys groupTasks :: WorkerList a -> TaskGroups a groupTasks [] = [] groupTasks xs | allWorkersIdle xs = [] | otherwise = concatMap extractTask xs : groupTasks (map removeTask xs) extractTask :: Worker a -> [a] extractTask [] = [] extractTask (Idle:_) = [] extractTask (Make a:_) = [a] removeTask :: Worker a -> Worker a removeTask = drop 1 allWorkersIdle :: WorkerList a -> Bool allWorkersIdle = all null . map extractTask worker1 :: Worker Integer worker1 = map Make [ sum [1..n*1000000] | n <- [1..5] ] worker2 :: Worker Integer worker2 = map Make [ sum [1..n*100000] | n <- [1..4] ] worker3 :: Worker Integer worker3 = map Make [ sum [1..n*1000000] | n <- [1..3] ] worker4 :: Worker Integer worker4 = map Make [ sum [1..n*300000] | n <- [1..5] ] worker5 :: Worker Integer worker5 = [Idle] ++ map Make [ sum [1..n*400000] | n <- [1..4] ] tasks :: TaskGroups Integer tasks = groupTasks [worker1, worker2, worker3, worker4, worker5] workshop :: (Show a, Num a, Show b, Num b) => ([a] -> b) -> [[a]] -> IO () workshop func a = mapM_ doWork $ zip [1..length a] a where doWork (x, y) = do putStrLn $ "Doing task " ++ show x ++ "." putStrLn $ "There are " ++ show (length y) ++ " workers for this task." putStrLn "Waiting for all workers..." print $ func $ runTasks y putStrLn $ "Task " ++ show x ++ " done." main = workshop sum tasks
import java.util.Scanner; import java.util.Random; public class CheckpointSync{ public static void main(String[] args){ System.out.print("Enter number of workers to use: "); Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); Worker.nWorkers = in.nextInt(); System.out.print("Enter number of tasks to complete:"); runTasks(in.nextInt()); } private static void runTasks(int nTasks){ for(int i = 0; i < nTasks; i++){ System.out.println("Starting task number " + (i+1) + "."); runThreads(); Worker.checkpoint(); } } private static void runThreads(){ for(int i = 0; i < Worker.nWorkers; i ++){ new Thread(new Worker(i+1)).start(); } } public static class Worker implements Runnable{ public Worker(int threadID){ this.threadID = threadID; } public void run(){ work(); } private synchronized void work(){ try { int workTime = rgen.nextInt(900) + 100; System.out.println("Worker " + threadID + " will work for " + workTime + " msec."); Thread.sleep(workTime); nFinished++; System.out.println("Worker " + threadID + " is ready"); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("Error: thread execution interrupted"); e.printStackTrace(); } } public static synchronized void checkpoint(){ while(nFinished != nWorkers){ try { Thread.sleep(10); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("Error: thread execution interrupted"); e.printStackTrace(); } } nFinished = 0; } private int threadID; private static Random rgen = new Random(); private static int nFinished = 0; public static int nWorkers = 0; } }
Generate an equivalent Python version of this Haskell code.
import Control.Parallel data Task a = Idle | Make a type TaskList a = [a] type Results a = [a] type TaskGroups a = [TaskList a] type WorkerList a = [Worker a] type Worker a = [Task a] runTasks :: TaskList a -> Results a runTasks [] = [] runTasks (x:[]) = x : [] runTasks (x:y:[]) = y `par` x : y : [] runTasks (x:y:ys) = y `par` x : y : runTasks ys groupTasks :: WorkerList a -> TaskGroups a groupTasks [] = [] groupTasks xs | allWorkersIdle xs = [] | otherwise = concatMap extractTask xs : groupTasks (map removeTask xs) extractTask :: Worker a -> [a] extractTask [] = [] extractTask (Idle:_) = [] extractTask (Make a:_) = [a] removeTask :: Worker a -> Worker a removeTask = drop 1 allWorkersIdle :: WorkerList a -> Bool allWorkersIdle = all null . map extractTask worker1 :: Worker Integer worker1 = map Make [ sum [1..n*1000000] | n <- [1..5] ] worker2 :: Worker Integer worker2 = map Make [ sum [1..n*100000] | n <- [1..4] ] worker3 :: Worker Integer worker3 = map Make [ sum [1..n*1000000] | n <- [1..3] ] worker4 :: Worker Integer worker4 = map Make [ sum [1..n*300000] | n <- [1..5] ] worker5 :: Worker Integer worker5 = [Idle] ++ map Make [ sum [1..n*400000] | n <- [1..4] ] tasks :: TaskGroups Integer tasks = groupTasks [worker1, worker2, worker3, worker4, worker5] workshop :: (Show a, Num a, Show b, Num b) => ([a] -> b) -> [[a]] -> IO () workshop func a = mapM_ doWork $ zip [1..length a] a where doWork (x, y) = do putStrLn $ "Doing task " ++ show x ++ "." putStrLn $ "There are " ++ show (length y) ++ " workers for this task." putStrLn "Waiting for all workers..." print $ func $ runTasks y putStrLn $ "Task " ++ show x ++ " done." main = workshop sum tasks
import threading import time import random def worker(workernum, barrier): sleeptime = random.random() print('Starting worker '+str(workernum)+" task 1, sleeptime="+str(sleeptime)) time.sleep(sleeptime) print('Exiting worker'+str(workernum)) barrier.wait() sleeptime = random.random() print('Starting worker '+str(workernum)+" task 2, sleeptime="+str(sleeptime)) time.sleep(sleeptime) print('Exiting worker'+str(workernum)) barrier = threading.Barrier(3) w1 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((1,barrier))) w2 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((2,barrier))) w3 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((3,barrier))) w1.start() w2.start() w3.start()
Convert this Haskell snippet to Go and keep its semantics consistent.
import Control.Parallel data Task a = Idle | Make a type TaskList a = [a] type Results a = [a] type TaskGroups a = [TaskList a] type WorkerList a = [Worker a] type Worker a = [Task a] runTasks :: TaskList a -> Results a runTasks [] = [] runTasks (x:[]) = x : [] runTasks (x:y:[]) = y `par` x : y : [] runTasks (x:y:ys) = y `par` x : y : runTasks ys groupTasks :: WorkerList a -> TaskGroups a groupTasks [] = [] groupTasks xs | allWorkersIdle xs = [] | otherwise = concatMap extractTask xs : groupTasks (map removeTask xs) extractTask :: Worker a -> [a] extractTask [] = [] extractTask (Idle:_) = [] extractTask (Make a:_) = [a] removeTask :: Worker a -> Worker a removeTask = drop 1 allWorkersIdle :: WorkerList a -> Bool allWorkersIdle = all null . map extractTask worker1 :: Worker Integer worker1 = map Make [ sum [1..n*1000000] | n <- [1..5] ] worker2 :: Worker Integer worker2 = map Make [ sum [1..n*100000] | n <- [1..4] ] worker3 :: Worker Integer worker3 = map Make [ sum [1..n*1000000] | n <- [1..3] ] worker4 :: Worker Integer worker4 = map Make [ sum [1..n*300000] | n <- [1..5] ] worker5 :: Worker Integer worker5 = [Idle] ++ map Make [ sum [1..n*400000] | n <- [1..4] ] tasks :: TaskGroups Integer tasks = groupTasks [worker1, worker2, worker3, worker4, worker5] workshop :: (Show a, Num a, Show b, Num b) => ([a] -> b) -> [[a]] -> IO () workshop func a = mapM_ doWork $ zip [1..length a] a where doWork (x, y) = do putStrLn $ "Doing task " ++ show x ++ "." putStrLn $ "There are " ++ show (length y) ++ " workers for this task." putStrLn "Waiting for all workers..." print $ func $ runTasks y putStrLn $ "Task " ++ show x ++ " done." main = workshop sum tasks
package main import ( "log" "math/rand" "sync" "time" ) func worker(part string) { log.Println(part, "worker begins part") time.Sleep(time.Duration(rand.Int63n(1e6))) log.Println(part, "worker completes part") wg.Done() } var ( partList = []string{"A", "B", "C", "D"} nAssemblies = 3 wg sync.WaitGroup ) func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) for c := 1; c <= nAssemblies; c++ { log.Println("begin assembly cycle", c) wg.Add(len(partList)) for _, part := range partList { go worker(part) } wg.Wait() log.Println("assemble. cycle", c, "complete") } }
Write a version of this J function in C with identical behavior.
{{for. y do. 0 T.'' end.}} 0>.4-1 T.'' ts=: 6!:0 dl=: 6!:3 {{r=.EMPTY for. i.y do. dl 1[ r=.r,3}.ts'' end. r}} t. ''"0(3 5) ┌────────────┬────────────┐ │12 53 53.569│12 53 53.569│ │12 53 54.578│12 53 54.578│ │12 53 55.587│12 53 55.587│ │ │12 53 56.603│ │ │12 53 57.614│ └────────────┴────────────┘
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <omp.h> int main() { int jobs = 41, tid; omp_set_num_threads(5); #pragma omp parallel shared(jobs) private(tid) { tid = omp_get_thread_num(); while (jobs > 0) { #pragma omp barrier if (!jobs) break; printf("%d: taking job %d\n", tid, jobs--); usleep(100000 + rand() / (double) RAND_MAX * 3000000); printf("%d: done job\n", tid); } printf("[%d] leaving\n", tid); #pragma omp barrier } return 0; }
Rewrite the snippet below in C# so it works the same as the original J code.
{{for. y do. 0 T.'' end.}} 0>.4-1 T.'' ts=: 6!:0 dl=: 6!:3 {{r=.EMPTY for. i.y do. dl 1[ r=.r,3}.ts'' end. r}} t. ''"0(3 5) ┌────────────┬────────────┐ │12 53 53.569│12 53 53.569│ │12 53 54.578│12 53 54.578│ │12 53 55.587│12 53 55.587│ │ │12 53 56.603│ │ │12 53 57.614│ └────────────┴────────────┘
using System; using System.Linq; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Rosetta.CheckPointSync; public class Program { public async Task Main() { RobotBuilder robotBuilder = new RobotBuilder(); Task work = robotBuilder.BuildRobots( "Optimus Prime", "R. Giskard Reventlov", "Data", "Marvin", "Bender", "Number Six", "C3-PO", "Dolores"); await work; } public class RobotBuilder { static readonly string[] parts = { "Head", "Torso", "Left arm", "Right arm", "Left leg", "Right leg" }; static readonly Random rng = new Random(); static readonly object key = new object(); public Task BuildRobots(params string[] robots) { int r = 0; Barrier checkpoint = new Barrier(parts.Length, b => { Console.WriteLine($"{robots[r]} assembled. Hello, {robots[r]}!"); Console.WriteLine(); r++; }); var tasks = parts.Select(part => BuildPart(checkpoint, part, robots)).ToArray(); return Task.WhenAll(tasks); } private static int GetTime() { lock (key) { return rng.Next(100, 1000); } } private async Task BuildPart(Barrier barrier, string part, string[] robots) { foreach (var robot in robots) { int time = GetTime(); Console.WriteLine($"Constructing {part} for {robot}. This will take {time}ms."); await Task.Delay(time); Console.WriteLine($"{part} for {robot} finished."); barrier.SignalAndWait(); } } } }
Generate a C++ translation of this J snippet without changing its computational steps.
{{for. y do. 0 T.'' end.}} 0>.4-1 T.'' ts=: 6!:0 dl=: 6!:3 {{r=.EMPTY for. i.y do. dl 1[ r=.r,3}.ts'' end. r}} t. ''"0(3 5) ┌────────────┬────────────┐ │12 53 53.569│12 53 53.569│ │12 53 54.578│12 53 54.578│ │12 53 55.587│12 53 55.587│ │ │12 53 56.603│ │ │12 53 57.614│ └────────────┴────────────┘
#include <iostream> #include <chrono> #include <atomic> #include <mutex> #include <random> #include <thread> std::mutex cout_lock; class Latch { std::atomic<int> semafor; public: Latch(int limit) : semafor(limit) {} void wait() { semafor.fetch_sub(1); while(semafor.load() > 0) std::this_thread::yield(); } }; struct Worker { static void do_work(int how_long, Latch& barrier, std::string name) { std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(how_long)); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cout_lock); std::cout << "Worker " << name << " finished work\n"; } barrier.wait(); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cout_lock); std::cout << "Worker " << name << " finished assembly\n"; } } }; int main() { Latch latch(5); std::mt19937 rng(std::random_device{}()); std::uniform_int_distribution<> dist(300, 3000); std::thread threads[] { std::thread(&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "John"), std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Henry"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Smith"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Jane"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Mary"}, }; for(auto& t: threads) t.join(); std::cout << "Assembly is finished"; }
Write a version of this J function in Java with identical behavior.
{{for. y do. 0 T.'' end.}} 0>.4-1 T.'' ts=: 6!:0 dl=: 6!:3 {{r=.EMPTY for. i.y do. dl 1[ r=.r,3}.ts'' end. r}} t. ''"0(3 5) ┌────────────┬────────────┐ │12 53 53.569│12 53 53.569│ │12 53 54.578│12 53 54.578│ │12 53 55.587│12 53 55.587│ │ │12 53 56.603│ │ │12 53 57.614│ └────────────┴────────────┘
import java.util.Scanner; import java.util.Random; public class CheckpointSync{ public static void main(String[] args){ System.out.print("Enter number of workers to use: "); Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); Worker.nWorkers = in.nextInt(); System.out.print("Enter number of tasks to complete:"); runTasks(in.nextInt()); } private static void runTasks(int nTasks){ for(int i = 0; i < nTasks; i++){ System.out.println("Starting task number " + (i+1) + "."); runThreads(); Worker.checkpoint(); } } private static void runThreads(){ for(int i = 0; i < Worker.nWorkers; i ++){ new Thread(new Worker(i+1)).start(); } } public static class Worker implements Runnable{ public Worker(int threadID){ this.threadID = threadID; } public void run(){ work(); } private synchronized void work(){ try { int workTime = rgen.nextInt(900) + 100; System.out.println("Worker " + threadID + " will work for " + workTime + " msec."); Thread.sleep(workTime); nFinished++; System.out.println("Worker " + threadID + " is ready"); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("Error: thread execution interrupted"); e.printStackTrace(); } } public static synchronized void checkpoint(){ while(nFinished != nWorkers){ try { Thread.sleep(10); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("Error: thread execution interrupted"); e.printStackTrace(); } } nFinished = 0; } private int threadID; private static Random rgen = new Random(); private static int nFinished = 0; public static int nWorkers = 0; } }
Port the following code from J to Python with equivalent syntax and logic.
{{for. y do. 0 T.'' end.}} 0>.4-1 T.'' ts=: 6!:0 dl=: 6!:3 {{r=.EMPTY for. i.y do. dl 1[ r=.r,3}.ts'' end. r}} t. ''"0(3 5) ┌────────────┬────────────┐ │12 53 53.569│12 53 53.569│ │12 53 54.578│12 53 54.578│ │12 53 55.587│12 53 55.587│ │ │12 53 56.603│ │ │12 53 57.614│ └────────────┴────────────┘
import threading import time import random def worker(workernum, barrier): sleeptime = random.random() print('Starting worker '+str(workernum)+" task 1, sleeptime="+str(sleeptime)) time.sleep(sleeptime) print('Exiting worker'+str(workernum)) barrier.wait() sleeptime = random.random() print('Starting worker '+str(workernum)+" task 2, sleeptime="+str(sleeptime)) time.sleep(sleeptime) print('Exiting worker'+str(workernum)) barrier = threading.Barrier(3) w1 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((1,barrier))) w2 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((2,barrier))) w3 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((3,barrier))) w1.start() w2.start() w3.start()
Convert this J snippet to Go and keep its semantics consistent.
{{for. y do. 0 T.'' end.}} 0>.4-1 T.'' ts=: 6!:0 dl=: 6!:3 {{r=.EMPTY for. i.y do. dl 1[ r=.r,3}.ts'' end. r}} t. ''"0(3 5) ┌────────────┬────────────┐ │12 53 53.569│12 53 53.569│ │12 53 54.578│12 53 54.578│ │12 53 55.587│12 53 55.587│ │ │12 53 56.603│ │ │12 53 57.614│ └────────────┴────────────┘
package main import ( "log" "math/rand" "sync" "time" ) func worker(part string) { log.Println(part, "worker begins part") time.Sleep(time.Duration(rand.Int63n(1e6))) log.Println(part, "worker completes part") wg.Done() } var ( partList = []string{"A", "B", "C", "D"} nAssemblies = 3 wg sync.WaitGroup ) func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) for c := 1; c <= nAssemblies; c++ { log.Println("begin assembly cycle", c) wg.Add(len(partList)) for _, part := range partList { go worker(part) } wg.Wait() log.Println("assemble. cycle", c, "complete") } }
Transform the following Julia implementation into C, maintaining the same output and logic.
function runsim(numworkers, runs) for count in 1:runs @sync begin for worker in 1:numworkers @async begin tasktime = rand() sleep(tasktime) println("Worker $worker finished after $tasktime seconds") end end end println("Checkpoint reached for run $count.") end println("Finished all runs.\n") end const trials = [[3, 2], [4, 1], [2, 5], [7, 6]] for trial in trials runsim(trial[1], trial[2]) end
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <omp.h> int main() { int jobs = 41, tid; omp_set_num_threads(5); #pragma omp parallel shared(jobs) private(tid) { tid = omp_get_thread_num(); while (jobs > 0) { #pragma omp barrier if (!jobs) break; printf("%d: taking job %d\n", tid, jobs--); usleep(100000 + rand() / (double) RAND_MAX * 3000000); printf("%d: done job\n", tid); } printf("[%d] leaving\n", tid); #pragma omp barrier } return 0; }
Convert this Julia block to C#, preserving its control flow and logic.
function runsim(numworkers, runs) for count in 1:runs @sync begin for worker in 1:numworkers @async begin tasktime = rand() sleep(tasktime) println("Worker $worker finished after $tasktime seconds") end end end println("Checkpoint reached for run $count.") end println("Finished all runs.\n") end const trials = [[3, 2], [4, 1], [2, 5], [7, 6]] for trial in trials runsim(trial[1], trial[2]) end
using System; using System.Linq; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Rosetta.CheckPointSync; public class Program { public async Task Main() { RobotBuilder robotBuilder = new RobotBuilder(); Task work = robotBuilder.BuildRobots( "Optimus Prime", "R. Giskard Reventlov", "Data", "Marvin", "Bender", "Number Six", "C3-PO", "Dolores"); await work; } public class RobotBuilder { static readonly string[] parts = { "Head", "Torso", "Left arm", "Right arm", "Left leg", "Right leg" }; static readonly Random rng = new Random(); static readonly object key = new object(); public Task BuildRobots(params string[] robots) { int r = 0; Barrier checkpoint = new Barrier(parts.Length, b => { Console.WriteLine($"{robots[r]} assembled. Hello, {robots[r]}!"); Console.WriteLine(); r++; }); var tasks = parts.Select(part => BuildPart(checkpoint, part, robots)).ToArray(); return Task.WhenAll(tasks); } private static int GetTime() { lock (key) { return rng.Next(100, 1000); } } private async Task BuildPart(Barrier barrier, string part, string[] robots) { foreach (var robot in robots) { int time = GetTime(); Console.WriteLine($"Constructing {part} for {robot}. This will take {time}ms."); await Task.Delay(time); Console.WriteLine($"{part} for {robot} finished."); barrier.SignalAndWait(); } } } }
Convert this Julia block to C++, preserving its control flow and logic.
function runsim(numworkers, runs) for count in 1:runs @sync begin for worker in 1:numworkers @async begin tasktime = rand() sleep(tasktime) println("Worker $worker finished after $tasktime seconds") end end end println("Checkpoint reached for run $count.") end println("Finished all runs.\n") end const trials = [[3, 2], [4, 1], [2, 5], [7, 6]] for trial in trials runsim(trial[1], trial[2]) end
#include <iostream> #include <chrono> #include <atomic> #include <mutex> #include <random> #include <thread> std::mutex cout_lock; class Latch { std::atomic<int> semafor; public: Latch(int limit) : semafor(limit) {} void wait() { semafor.fetch_sub(1); while(semafor.load() > 0) std::this_thread::yield(); } }; struct Worker { static void do_work(int how_long, Latch& barrier, std::string name) { std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(how_long)); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cout_lock); std::cout << "Worker " << name << " finished work\n"; } barrier.wait(); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cout_lock); std::cout << "Worker " << name << " finished assembly\n"; } } }; int main() { Latch latch(5); std::mt19937 rng(std::random_device{}()); std::uniform_int_distribution<> dist(300, 3000); std::thread threads[] { std::thread(&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "John"), std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Henry"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Smith"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Jane"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Mary"}, }; for(auto& t: threads) t.join(); std::cout << "Assembly is finished"; }
Change the programming language of this snippet from Julia to Java without modifying what it does.
function runsim(numworkers, runs) for count in 1:runs @sync begin for worker in 1:numworkers @async begin tasktime = rand() sleep(tasktime) println("Worker $worker finished after $tasktime seconds") end end end println("Checkpoint reached for run $count.") end println("Finished all runs.\n") end const trials = [[3, 2], [4, 1], [2, 5], [7, 6]] for trial in trials runsim(trial[1], trial[2]) end
import java.util.Scanner; import java.util.Random; public class CheckpointSync{ public static void main(String[] args){ System.out.print("Enter number of workers to use: "); Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); Worker.nWorkers = in.nextInt(); System.out.print("Enter number of tasks to complete:"); runTasks(in.nextInt()); } private static void runTasks(int nTasks){ for(int i = 0; i < nTasks; i++){ System.out.println("Starting task number " + (i+1) + "."); runThreads(); Worker.checkpoint(); } } private static void runThreads(){ for(int i = 0; i < Worker.nWorkers; i ++){ new Thread(new Worker(i+1)).start(); } } public static class Worker implements Runnable{ public Worker(int threadID){ this.threadID = threadID; } public void run(){ work(); } private synchronized void work(){ try { int workTime = rgen.nextInt(900) + 100; System.out.println("Worker " + threadID + " will work for " + workTime + " msec."); Thread.sleep(workTime); nFinished++; System.out.println("Worker " + threadID + " is ready"); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("Error: thread execution interrupted"); e.printStackTrace(); } } public static synchronized void checkpoint(){ while(nFinished != nWorkers){ try { Thread.sleep(10); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("Error: thread execution interrupted"); e.printStackTrace(); } } nFinished = 0; } private int threadID; private static Random rgen = new Random(); private static int nFinished = 0; public static int nWorkers = 0; } }
Generate a Python translation of this Julia snippet without changing its computational steps.
function runsim(numworkers, runs) for count in 1:runs @sync begin for worker in 1:numworkers @async begin tasktime = rand() sleep(tasktime) println("Worker $worker finished after $tasktime seconds") end end end println("Checkpoint reached for run $count.") end println("Finished all runs.\n") end const trials = [[3, 2], [4, 1], [2, 5], [7, 6]] for trial in trials runsim(trial[1], trial[2]) end
import threading import time import random def worker(workernum, barrier): sleeptime = random.random() print('Starting worker '+str(workernum)+" task 1, sleeptime="+str(sleeptime)) time.sleep(sleeptime) print('Exiting worker'+str(workernum)) barrier.wait() sleeptime = random.random() print('Starting worker '+str(workernum)+" task 2, sleeptime="+str(sleeptime)) time.sleep(sleeptime) print('Exiting worker'+str(workernum)) barrier = threading.Barrier(3) w1 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((1,barrier))) w2 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((2,barrier))) w3 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((3,barrier))) w1.start() w2.start() w3.start()
Maintain the same structure and functionality when rewriting this code in Go.
function runsim(numworkers, runs) for count in 1:runs @sync begin for worker in 1:numworkers @async begin tasktime = rand() sleep(tasktime) println("Worker $worker finished after $tasktime seconds") end end end println("Checkpoint reached for run $count.") end println("Finished all runs.\n") end const trials = [[3, 2], [4, 1], [2, 5], [7, 6]] for trial in trials runsim(trial[1], trial[2]) end
package main import ( "log" "math/rand" "sync" "time" ) func worker(part string) { log.Println(part, "worker begins part") time.Sleep(time.Duration(rand.Int63n(1e6))) log.Println(part, "worker completes part") wg.Done() } var ( partList = []string{"A", "B", "C", "D"} nAssemblies = 3 wg sync.WaitGroup ) func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) for c := 1; c <= nAssemblies; c++ { log.Println("begin assembly cycle", c) wg.Add(len(partList)) for _, part := range partList { go worker(part) } wg.Wait() log.Println("assemble. cycle", c, "complete") } }
Convert this Nim block to C, preserving its control flow and logic.
import locks import os import random import strformat const NWorkers = 3 NTasks = 4 StopOrder = 0 var randLock: Lock orders: array[1..NWorkers, Channel[int]] responses: Channel[int] working: int threads: array[1..NWorkers, Thread[int]] proc worker(num: int) {.thread.} = while true: let order = orders[num].recv if order == StopOrder: break var time: int withLock(randLock): time = rand(200..1000) echo fmt"Worker {num}: starting task number {order}" sleep(time) echo fmt"Worker {num}: task number {order} terminated after {time} ms" responses.send(num) randomize() randLock.initLock() for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].open() responses.open() for num in 1..NWorkers: createThread(threads[num], worker, num) for task in 1..NTasks: echo fmt"Sending order to start task number {task}" for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].send(task) working = NWorkers while working > 0: discard responses.recv() dec working echo "Sending stop order to workers." for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].send(StopOrder) joinThreads(threads) echo "All workers stopped." for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].close() responses.close() deinitLock(randLock)
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <omp.h> int main() { int jobs = 41, tid; omp_set_num_threads(5); #pragma omp parallel shared(jobs) private(tid) { tid = omp_get_thread_num(); while (jobs > 0) { #pragma omp barrier if (!jobs) break; printf("%d: taking job %d\n", tid, jobs--); usleep(100000 + rand() / (double) RAND_MAX * 3000000); printf("%d: done job\n", tid); } printf("[%d] leaving\n", tid); #pragma omp barrier } return 0; }
Can you help me rewrite this code in C# instead of Nim, keeping it the same logically?
import locks import os import random import strformat const NWorkers = 3 NTasks = 4 StopOrder = 0 var randLock: Lock orders: array[1..NWorkers, Channel[int]] responses: Channel[int] working: int threads: array[1..NWorkers, Thread[int]] proc worker(num: int) {.thread.} = while true: let order = orders[num].recv if order == StopOrder: break var time: int withLock(randLock): time = rand(200..1000) echo fmt"Worker {num}: starting task number {order}" sleep(time) echo fmt"Worker {num}: task number {order} terminated after {time} ms" responses.send(num) randomize() randLock.initLock() for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].open() responses.open() for num in 1..NWorkers: createThread(threads[num], worker, num) for task in 1..NTasks: echo fmt"Sending order to start task number {task}" for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].send(task) working = NWorkers while working > 0: discard responses.recv() dec working echo "Sending stop order to workers." for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].send(StopOrder) joinThreads(threads) echo "All workers stopped." for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].close() responses.close() deinitLock(randLock)
using System; using System.Linq; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Rosetta.CheckPointSync; public class Program { public async Task Main() { RobotBuilder robotBuilder = new RobotBuilder(); Task work = robotBuilder.BuildRobots( "Optimus Prime", "R. Giskard Reventlov", "Data", "Marvin", "Bender", "Number Six", "C3-PO", "Dolores"); await work; } public class RobotBuilder { static readonly string[] parts = { "Head", "Torso", "Left arm", "Right arm", "Left leg", "Right leg" }; static readonly Random rng = new Random(); static readonly object key = new object(); public Task BuildRobots(params string[] robots) { int r = 0; Barrier checkpoint = new Barrier(parts.Length, b => { Console.WriteLine($"{robots[r]} assembled. Hello, {robots[r]}!"); Console.WriteLine(); r++; }); var tasks = parts.Select(part => BuildPart(checkpoint, part, robots)).ToArray(); return Task.WhenAll(tasks); } private static int GetTime() { lock (key) { return rng.Next(100, 1000); } } private async Task BuildPart(Barrier barrier, string part, string[] robots) { foreach (var robot in robots) { int time = GetTime(); Console.WriteLine($"Constructing {part} for {robot}. This will take {time}ms."); await Task.Delay(time); Console.WriteLine($"{part} for {robot} finished."); barrier.SignalAndWait(); } } } }
Port the following code from Nim to C++ with equivalent syntax and logic.
import locks import os import random import strformat const NWorkers = 3 NTasks = 4 StopOrder = 0 var randLock: Lock orders: array[1..NWorkers, Channel[int]] responses: Channel[int] working: int threads: array[1..NWorkers, Thread[int]] proc worker(num: int) {.thread.} = while true: let order = orders[num].recv if order == StopOrder: break var time: int withLock(randLock): time = rand(200..1000) echo fmt"Worker {num}: starting task number {order}" sleep(time) echo fmt"Worker {num}: task number {order} terminated after {time} ms" responses.send(num) randomize() randLock.initLock() for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].open() responses.open() for num in 1..NWorkers: createThread(threads[num], worker, num) for task in 1..NTasks: echo fmt"Sending order to start task number {task}" for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].send(task) working = NWorkers while working > 0: discard responses.recv() dec working echo "Sending stop order to workers." for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].send(StopOrder) joinThreads(threads) echo "All workers stopped." for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].close() responses.close() deinitLock(randLock)
#include <iostream> #include <chrono> #include <atomic> #include <mutex> #include <random> #include <thread> std::mutex cout_lock; class Latch { std::atomic<int> semafor; public: Latch(int limit) : semafor(limit) {} void wait() { semafor.fetch_sub(1); while(semafor.load() > 0) std::this_thread::yield(); } }; struct Worker { static void do_work(int how_long, Latch& barrier, std::string name) { std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(how_long)); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cout_lock); std::cout << "Worker " << name << " finished work\n"; } barrier.wait(); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cout_lock); std::cout << "Worker " << name << " finished assembly\n"; } } }; int main() { Latch latch(5); std::mt19937 rng(std::random_device{}()); std::uniform_int_distribution<> dist(300, 3000); std::thread threads[] { std::thread(&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "John"), std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Henry"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Smith"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Jane"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Mary"}, }; for(auto& t: threads) t.join(); std::cout << "Assembly is finished"; }
Change the following Nim code into Java without altering its purpose.
import locks import os import random import strformat const NWorkers = 3 NTasks = 4 StopOrder = 0 var randLock: Lock orders: array[1..NWorkers, Channel[int]] responses: Channel[int] working: int threads: array[1..NWorkers, Thread[int]] proc worker(num: int) {.thread.} = while true: let order = orders[num].recv if order == StopOrder: break var time: int withLock(randLock): time = rand(200..1000) echo fmt"Worker {num}: starting task number {order}" sleep(time) echo fmt"Worker {num}: task number {order} terminated after {time} ms" responses.send(num) randomize() randLock.initLock() for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].open() responses.open() for num in 1..NWorkers: createThread(threads[num], worker, num) for task in 1..NTasks: echo fmt"Sending order to start task number {task}" for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].send(task) working = NWorkers while working > 0: discard responses.recv() dec working echo "Sending stop order to workers." for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].send(StopOrder) joinThreads(threads) echo "All workers stopped." for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].close() responses.close() deinitLock(randLock)
import java.util.Scanner; import java.util.Random; public class CheckpointSync{ public static void main(String[] args){ System.out.print("Enter number of workers to use: "); Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); Worker.nWorkers = in.nextInt(); System.out.print("Enter number of tasks to complete:"); runTasks(in.nextInt()); } private static void runTasks(int nTasks){ for(int i = 0; i < nTasks; i++){ System.out.println("Starting task number " + (i+1) + "."); runThreads(); Worker.checkpoint(); } } private static void runThreads(){ for(int i = 0; i < Worker.nWorkers; i ++){ new Thread(new Worker(i+1)).start(); } } public static class Worker implements Runnable{ public Worker(int threadID){ this.threadID = threadID; } public void run(){ work(); } private synchronized void work(){ try { int workTime = rgen.nextInt(900) + 100; System.out.println("Worker " + threadID + " will work for " + workTime + " msec."); Thread.sleep(workTime); nFinished++; System.out.println("Worker " + threadID + " is ready"); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("Error: thread execution interrupted"); e.printStackTrace(); } } public static synchronized void checkpoint(){ while(nFinished != nWorkers){ try { Thread.sleep(10); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("Error: thread execution interrupted"); e.printStackTrace(); } } nFinished = 0; } private int threadID; private static Random rgen = new Random(); private static int nFinished = 0; public static int nWorkers = 0; } }
Produce a functionally identical Python code for the snippet given in Nim.
import locks import os import random import strformat const NWorkers = 3 NTasks = 4 StopOrder = 0 var randLock: Lock orders: array[1..NWorkers, Channel[int]] responses: Channel[int] working: int threads: array[1..NWorkers, Thread[int]] proc worker(num: int) {.thread.} = while true: let order = orders[num].recv if order == StopOrder: break var time: int withLock(randLock): time = rand(200..1000) echo fmt"Worker {num}: starting task number {order}" sleep(time) echo fmt"Worker {num}: task number {order} terminated after {time} ms" responses.send(num) randomize() randLock.initLock() for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].open() responses.open() for num in 1..NWorkers: createThread(threads[num], worker, num) for task in 1..NTasks: echo fmt"Sending order to start task number {task}" for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].send(task) working = NWorkers while working > 0: discard responses.recv() dec working echo "Sending stop order to workers." for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].send(StopOrder) joinThreads(threads) echo "All workers stopped." for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].close() responses.close() deinitLock(randLock)
import threading import time import random def worker(workernum, barrier): sleeptime = random.random() print('Starting worker '+str(workernum)+" task 1, sleeptime="+str(sleeptime)) time.sleep(sleeptime) print('Exiting worker'+str(workernum)) barrier.wait() sleeptime = random.random() print('Starting worker '+str(workernum)+" task 2, sleeptime="+str(sleeptime)) time.sleep(sleeptime) print('Exiting worker'+str(workernum)) barrier = threading.Barrier(3) w1 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((1,barrier))) w2 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((2,barrier))) w3 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((3,barrier))) w1.start() w2.start() w3.start()
Write a version of this Nim function in Go with identical behavior.
import locks import os import random import strformat const NWorkers = 3 NTasks = 4 StopOrder = 0 var randLock: Lock orders: array[1..NWorkers, Channel[int]] responses: Channel[int] working: int threads: array[1..NWorkers, Thread[int]] proc worker(num: int) {.thread.} = while true: let order = orders[num].recv if order == StopOrder: break var time: int withLock(randLock): time = rand(200..1000) echo fmt"Worker {num}: starting task number {order}" sleep(time) echo fmt"Worker {num}: task number {order} terminated after {time} ms" responses.send(num) randomize() randLock.initLock() for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].open() responses.open() for num in 1..NWorkers: createThread(threads[num], worker, num) for task in 1..NTasks: echo fmt"Sending order to start task number {task}" for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].send(task) working = NWorkers while working > 0: discard responses.recv() dec working echo "Sending stop order to workers." for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].send(StopOrder) joinThreads(threads) echo "All workers stopped." for num in 1..NWorkers: orders[num].close() responses.close() deinitLock(randLock)
package main import ( "log" "math/rand" "sync" "time" ) func worker(part string) { log.Println(part, "worker begins part") time.Sleep(time.Duration(rand.Int63n(1e6))) log.Println(part, "worker completes part") wg.Done() } var ( partList = []string{"A", "B", "C", "D"} nAssemblies = 3 wg sync.WaitGroup ) func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) for c := 1; c <= nAssemblies; c++ { log.Println("begin assembly cycle", c) wg.Add(len(partList)) for _, part := range partList { go worker(part) } wg.Wait() log.Println("assemble. cycle", c, "complete") } }
Port the provided Perl code into C while preserving the original functionality.
use warnings; use strict; use v5.10; use Socket; my $nr_items = 3; sub short_sleep($) { (my $seconds) = @_; select undef, undef, undef, $seconds; } sub be_worker($$) { my ($socket, $value) = @_; for (1 .. $nr_items) { sysread $socket, my $dummy, 1; short_sleep rand 0.5; syswrite $socket, $value; ++$value; } exit; } sub fork_worker($) { (my $value) = @_; socketpair my $kidsock, my $dadsock, AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, PF_UNSPEC or die "socketpair: $!"; if (fork // die "fork: $!") { close $dadsock; return $kidsock; } else { close $kidsock; be_worker $dadsock, $value; } } my $alpha_sock = fork_worker 'A'; my $digit_sock = fork_worker 1; for (1 .. $nr_items) { syswrite $_, 'x' for $alpha_sock, $digit_sock; sysread $alpha_sock, my $alpha, 1; sysread $digit_sock, my $digit, 1; say $alpha, $digit; } wait; wait;
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <omp.h> int main() { int jobs = 41, tid; omp_set_num_threads(5); #pragma omp parallel shared(jobs) private(tid) { tid = omp_get_thread_num(); while (jobs > 0) { #pragma omp barrier if (!jobs) break; printf("%d: taking job %d\n", tid, jobs--); usleep(100000 + rand() / (double) RAND_MAX * 3000000); printf("%d: done job\n", tid); } printf("[%d] leaving\n", tid); #pragma omp barrier } return 0; }
Write a version of this Perl function in C# with identical behavior.
use warnings; use strict; use v5.10; use Socket; my $nr_items = 3; sub short_sleep($) { (my $seconds) = @_; select undef, undef, undef, $seconds; } sub be_worker($$) { my ($socket, $value) = @_; for (1 .. $nr_items) { sysread $socket, my $dummy, 1; short_sleep rand 0.5; syswrite $socket, $value; ++$value; } exit; } sub fork_worker($) { (my $value) = @_; socketpair my $kidsock, my $dadsock, AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, PF_UNSPEC or die "socketpair: $!"; if (fork // die "fork: $!") { close $dadsock; return $kidsock; } else { close $kidsock; be_worker $dadsock, $value; } } my $alpha_sock = fork_worker 'A'; my $digit_sock = fork_worker 1; for (1 .. $nr_items) { syswrite $_, 'x' for $alpha_sock, $digit_sock; sysread $alpha_sock, my $alpha, 1; sysread $digit_sock, my $digit, 1; say $alpha, $digit; } wait; wait;
using System; using System.Linq; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Rosetta.CheckPointSync; public class Program { public async Task Main() { RobotBuilder robotBuilder = new RobotBuilder(); Task work = robotBuilder.BuildRobots( "Optimus Prime", "R. Giskard Reventlov", "Data", "Marvin", "Bender", "Number Six", "C3-PO", "Dolores"); await work; } public class RobotBuilder { static readonly string[] parts = { "Head", "Torso", "Left arm", "Right arm", "Left leg", "Right leg" }; static readonly Random rng = new Random(); static readonly object key = new object(); public Task BuildRobots(params string[] robots) { int r = 0; Barrier checkpoint = new Barrier(parts.Length, b => { Console.WriteLine($"{robots[r]} assembled. Hello, {robots[r]}!"); Console.WriteLine(); r++; }); var tasks = parts.Select(part => BuildPart(checkpoint, part, robots)).ToArray(); return Task.WhenAll(tasks); } private static int GetTime() { lock (key) { return rng.Next(100, 1000); } } private async Task BuildPart(Barrier barrier, string part, string[] robots) { foreach (var robot in robots) { int time = GetTime(); Console.WriteLine($"Constructing {part} for {robot}. This will take {time}ms."); await Task.Delay(time); Console.WriteLine($"{part} for {robot} finished."); barrier.SignalAndWait(); } } } }
Convert this Perl snippet to C++ and keep its semantics consistent.
use warnings; use strict; use v5.10; use Socket; my $nr_items = 3; sub short_sleep($) { (my $seconds) = @_; select undef, undef, undef, $seconds; } sub be_worker($$) { my ($socket, $value) = @_; for (1 .. $nr_items) { sysread $socket, my $dummy, 1; short_sleep rand 0.5; syswrite $socket, $value; ++$value; } exit; } sub fork_worker($) { (my $value) = @_; socketpair my $kidsock, my $dadsock, AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, PF_UNSPEC or die "socketpair: $!"; if (fork // die "fork: $!") { close $dadsock; return $kidsock; } else { close $kidsock; be_worker $dadsock, $value; } } my $alpha_sock = fork_worker 'A'; my $digit_sock = fork_worker 1; for (1 .. $nr_items) { syswrite $_, 'x' for $alpha_sock, $digit_sock; sysread $alpha_sock, my $alpha, 1; sysread $digit_sock, my $digit, 1; say $alpha, $digit; } wait; wait;
#include <iostream> #include <chrono> #include <atomic> #include <mutex> #include <random> #include <thread> std::mutex cout_lock; class Latch { std::atomic<int> semafor; public: Latch(int limit) : semafor(limit) {} void wait() { semafor.fetch_sub(1); while(semafor.load() > 0) std::this_thread::yield(); } }; struct Worker { static void do_work(int how_long, Latch& barrier, std::string name) { std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(how_long)); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cout_lock); std::cout << "Worker " << name << " finished work\n"; } barrier.wait(); { std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cout_lock); std::cout << "Worker " << name << " finished assembly\n"; } } }; int main() { Latch latch(5); std::mt19937 rng(std::random_device{}()); std::uniform_int_distribution<> dist(300, 3000); std::thread threads[] { std::thread(&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "John"), std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Henry"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Smith"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Jane"}, std::thread{&Worker::do_work, dist(rng), std::ref(latch), "Mary"}, }; for(auto& t: threads) t.join(); std::cout << "Assembly is finished"; }
Ensure the translated Java code behaves exactly like the original Perl snippet.
use warnings; use strict; use v5.10; use Socket; my $nr_items = 3; sub short_sleep($) { (my $seconds) = @_; select undef, undef, undef, $seconds; } sub be_worker($$) { my ($socket, $value) = @_; for (1 .. $nr_items) { sysread $socket, my $dummy, 1; short_sleep rand 0.5; syswrite $socket, $value; ++$value; } exit; } sub fork_worker($) { (my $value) = @_; socketpair my $kidsock, my $dadsock, AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, PF_UNSPEC or die "socketpair: $!"; if (fork // die "fork: $!") { close $dadsock; return $kidsock; } else { close $kidsock; be_worker $dadsock, $value; } } my $alpha_sock = fork_worker 'A'; my $digit_sock = fork_worker 1; for (1 .. $nr_items) { syswrite $_, 'x' for $alpha_sock, $digit_sock; sysread $alpha_sock, my $alpha, 1; sysread $digit_sock, my $digit, 1; say $alpha, $digit; } wait; wait;
import java.util.Scanner; import java.util.Random; public class CheckpointSync{ public static void main(String[] args){ System.out.print("Enter number of workers to use: "); Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); Worker.nWorkers = in.nextInt(); System.out.print("Enter number of tasks to complete:"); runTasks(in.nextInt()); } private static void runTasks(int nTasks){ for(int i = 0; i < nTasks; i++){ System.out.println("Starting task number " + (i+1) + "."); runThreads(); Worker.checkpoint(); } } private static void runThreads(){ for(int i = 0; i < Worker.nWorkers; i ++){ new Thread(new Worker(i+1)).start(); } } public static class Worker implements Runnable{ public Worker(int threadID){ this.threadID = threadID; } public void run(){ work(); } private synchronized void work(){ try { int workTime = rgen.nextInt(900) + 100; System.out.println("Worker " + threadID + " will work for " + workTime + " msec."); Thread.sleep(workTime); nFinished++; System.out.println("Worker " + threadID + " is ready"); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("Error: thread execution interrupted"); e.printStackTrace(); } } public static synchronized void checkpoint(){ while(nFinished != nWorkers){ try { Thread.sleep(10); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.err.println("Error: thread execution interrupted"); e.printStackTrace(); } } nFinished = 0; } private int threadID; private static Random rgen = new Random(); private static int nFinished = 0; public static int nWorkers = 0; } }
Convert this Perl snippet to Python and keep its semantics consistent.
use warnings; use strict; use v5.10; use Socket; my $nr_items = 3; sub short_sleep($) { (my $seconds) = @_; select undef, undef, undef, $seconds; } sub be_worker($$) { my ($socket, $value) = @_; for (1 .. $nr_items) { sysread $socket, my $dummy, 1; short_sleep rand 0.5; syswrite $socket, $value; ++$value; } exit; } sub fork_worker($) { (my $value) = @_; socketpair my $kidsock, my $dadsock, AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, PF_UNSPEC or die "socketpair: $!"; if (fork // die "fork: $!") { close $dadsock; return $kidsock; } else { close $kidsock; be_worker $dadsock, $value; } } my $alpha_sock = fork_worker 'A'; my $digit_sock = fork_worker 1; for (1 .. $nr_items) { syswrite $_, 'x' for $alpha_sock, $digit_sock; sysread $alpha_sock, my $alpha, 1; sysread $digit_sock, my $digit, 1; say $alpha, $digit; } wait; wait;
import threading import time import random def worker(workernum, barrier): sleeptime = random.random() print('Starting worker '+str(workernum)+" task 1, sleeptime="+str(sleeptime)) time.sleep(sleeptime) print('Exiting worker'+str(workernum)) barrier.wait() sleeptime = random.random() print('Starting worker '+str(workernum)+" task 2, sleeptime="+str(sleeptime)) time.sleep(sleeptime) print('Exiting worker'+str(workernum)) barrier = threading.Barrier(3) w1 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((1,barrier))) w2 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((2,barrier))) w3 = threading.Thread(target=worker, args=((3,barrier))) w1.start() w2.start() w3.start()
Ensure the translated Go code behaves exactly like the original Perl snippet.
use warnings; use strict; use v5.10; use Socket; my $nr_items = 3; sub short_sleep($) { (my $seconds) = @_; select undef, undef, undef, $seconds; } sub be_worker($$) { my ($socket, $value) = @_; for (1 .. $nr_items) { sysread $socket, my $dummy, 1; short_sleep rand 0.5; syswrite $socket, $value; ++$value; } exit; } sub fork_worker($) { (my $value) = @_; socketpair my $kidsock, my $dadsock, AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, PF_UNSPEC or die "socketpair: $!"; if (fork // die "fork: $!") { close $dadsock; return $kidsock; } else { close $kidsock; be_worker $dadsock, $value; } } my $alpha_sock = fork_worker 'A'; my $digit_sock = fork_worker 1; for (1 .. $nr_items) { syswrite $_, 'x' for $alpha_sock, $digit_sock; sysread $alpha_sock, my $alpha, 1; sysread $digit_sock, my $digit, 1; say $alpha, $digit; } wait; wait;
package main import ( "log" "math/rand" "sync" "time" ) func worker(part string) { log.Println(part, "worker begins part") time.Sleep(time.Duration(rand.Int63n(1e6))) log.Println(part, "worker completes part") wg.Done() } var ( partList = []string{"A", "B", "C", "D"} nAssemblies = 3 wg sync.WaitGroup ) func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) for c := 1; c <= nAssemblies; c++ { log.Println("begin assembly cycle", c) wg.Add(len(partList)) for _, part := range partList { go worker(part) } wg.Wait() log.Println("assemble. cycle", c, "complete") } }