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Rewrite the snippet below in Go so it works the same as the original Python code.
import random, tkMessageBox from Tkinter import * window = Tk() window.geometry("300x50+100+100") options = { "padx":5, "pady":5} s=StringVar() s.set(1) def increase(): s.set(int(s.get())+1) def rand(): if tkMessageBox.askyesno("Confirmation", "Reset to random value ?"): s.set(random.randrange(0,5000)) def update(e): if not e.char.isdigit(): tkMessageBox.showerror('Error', 'Invalid input !') return "break" e = Entry(text=s) e.grid(column=0, row=0, **options) e.bind('<Key>', update) b1 = Button(text="Increase", command=increase, **options ) b1.grid(column=1, row=0, **options) b2 = Button(text="Random", command=rand, **options) b2.grid(column=2, row=0, **options) mainloop()
package main import ( "github.com/gotk3/gotk3/gtk" "log" "math/rand" "strconv" "time" ) func validateInput(window *gtk.Window, str string) (int64, bool) { i, err := strconv.ParseInt(str, 10, 64) if err != nil { dialog := gtk.MessageDialogNew( window, gtk.DIALOG_MODAL, gtk.MESSAGE_ERROR, gtk.BUTTONS_OK, "Invalid value", ) dialog.Run() dialog.Destroy() return 0, false } return i, true } func check(err error, msg string) { if err != nil { log.Fatal(msg, err) } } func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) gtk.Init(nil) window, err := gtk.WindowNew(gtk.WINDOW_TOPLEVEL) check(err, "Unable to create window:") window.SetTitle("Rosetta Code") window.SetPosition(gtk.WIN_POS_CENTER) window.Connect("destroy", func() { gtk.MainQuit() }) box, err := gtk.BoxNew(gtk.ORIENTATION_HORIZONTAL, 1) check(err, "Unable to create box:") box.SetBorderWidth(1) label, err := gtk.LabelNew("Value:") check(err, "Unable to create label:") entry, err := gtk.EntryNew() check(err, "Unable to create entry:") entry.SetText("0") entry.Connect("activate", func() { str, _ := entry.GetText() validateInput(window, str) }) ib, err := gtk.ButtonNewWithLabel("Increment") check(err, "Unable to create increment button:") ib.Connect("clicked", func() { str, _ := entry.GetText() if i, ok := validateInput(window, str); ok { entry.SetText(strconv.FormatInt(i+1, 10)) } }) rb, err := gtk.ButtonNewWithLabel("Random") check(err, "Unable to create random button:") rb.Connect("clicked", func() { dialog := gtk.MessageDialogNew( window, gtk.DIALOG_MODAL, gtk.MESSAGE_QUESTION, gtk.BUTTONS_YES_NO, "Set random value", ) answer := dialog.Run() dialog.Destroy() if answer == gtk.RESPONSE_YES { entry.SetText(strconv.Itoa(rand.Intn(10000))) } }) box.PackStart(label, false, false, 2) box.PackStart(entry, false, false, 2) box.PackStart(ib, false, false, 2) box.PackStart(rb, false, false, 2) window.Add(box) window.ShowAll() gtk.Main() }
Rewrite the snippet below in Go so it works the same as the original Python code.
from random import randrange try: range = xrange except: pass def one_of_n(lines): choice = None for i, line in enumerate(lines): if randrange(i+1) == 0: choice = line return choice def one_of_n_test(n=10, trials=1000000): bins = [0] * n if n: for i in range(trials): bins[one_of_n(range(n))] += 1 return bins print(one_of_n_test())
package main import ( "bufio" "fmt" "io" "math/rand" "time" ) func choseLineRandomly(r io.Reader) (s string, ln int, err error) { br := bufio.NewReader(r) s, err = br.ReadString('\n') if err != nil { return } ln = 1 lnLast := 1. var sLast string for { sLast, err = br.ReadString('\n') if err == io.EOF { return s, ln, nil } if err != nil { break } lnLast++ if rand.Float64() < 1/lnLast { s = sLast ln = int(lnLast) } } return } func oneOfN(n int, file io.Reader) int { _, ln, err := choseLineRandomly(file) if err != nil { panic(err) } return ln } type simReader int func (r *simReader) Read(b []byte) (int, error) { if *r <= 0 { return 0, io.EOF } b[0] = '\n' *r-- return 1, nil } func main() { n := 10 freq := make([]int, n) rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) for times := 0; times < 1e6; times++ { sr := simReader(n) freq[oneOfN(n, &sr)-1]++ } fmt.Println(freq) }
Convert this Python block to Go, preserving its control flow and logic.
from itertools import groupby, permutations def A036058(number): return ''.join( str(len(list(g))) + k for k,g in groupby(sorted(str(number), reverse=True)) ) def A036058_length(numberstring='0', printit=False): iterations, last_three, queue_index = 1, ([None] * 3), 0 def A036058(number): return ''.join( str(len(list(g))) + k for k,g in groupby(number) ) while True: if printit: print(" %2i %s" % (iterations, numberstring)) numberstring = ''.join(sorted(numberstring, reverse=True)) if numberstring in last_three: break assert iterations < 1000000 last_three[queue_index], numberstring = numberstring, A036058(numberstring) iterations += 1 queue_index +=1 queue_index %=3 return iterations def max_A036058_length( start_range=range(11) ): already_done = set() max_len = (-1, []) for n in start_range: sn = str(n) sns = tuple(sorted(sn, reverse=True)) if sns not in already_done: already_done.add(sns) size = A036058_length(sns) if size > max_len[0]: max_len = (size, [n]) elif size == max_len[0]: max_len[1].append(n) return max_len lenmax, starts = max_A036058_length( range(1000000) ) allstarts = [] for n in starts: allstarts += [int(''.join(x)) for x in set(k for k in permutations(str(n), 4) if k[0] != '0')] allstarts = [x for x in sorted(allstarts) if x < 1000000] print ( % (lenmax, allstarts) ) print ( ) for n in starts: print() A036058_length(str(n), printit=True)
package main import ( "fmt" "strconv" ) func main() { var maxLen int var seqMaxLen [][]string for n := 1; n < 1e6; n++ { switch s := seq(n); { case len(s) == maxLen: seqMaxLen = append(seqMaxLen, s) case len(s) > maxLen: maxLen = len(s) seqMaxLen = [][]string{s} } } fmt.Println("Max sequence length:", maxLen) fmt.Println("Sequences:", len(seqMaxLen)) for _, seq := range seqMaxLen { fmt.Println("Sequence:") for _, t := range seq { fmt.Println(t) } } } func seq(n int) []string { s := strconv.Itoa(n) ss := []string{s} for { dSeq := sortD(s) d := dSeq[0] nd := 1 s = "" for i := 1; ; i++ { if i == len(dSeq) { s = fmt.Sprintf("%s%d%c", s, nd, d) break } if dSeq[i] == d { nd++ } else { s = fmt.Sprintf("%s%d%c", s, nd, d) d = dSeq[i] nd = 1 } } for _, s0 := range ss { if s == s0 { return ss } } ss = append(ss, s) } panic("unreachable") } func sortD(s string) []rune { r := make([]rune, len(s)) for i, d := range s { j := 0 for ; j < i; j++ { if d > r[j] { copy(r[j+1:], r[j:i]) break } } r[j] = d } return r }
Port the following code from Python to Go with equivalent syntax and logic.
from itertools import groupby, permutations def A036058(number): return ''.join( str(len(list(g))) + k for k,g in groupby(sorted(str(number), reverse=True)) ) def A036058_length(numberstring='0', printit=False): iterations, last_three, queue_index = 1, ([None] * 3), 0 def A036058(number): return ''.join( str(len(list(g))) + k for k,g in groupby(number) ) while True: if printit: print(" %2i %s" % (iterations, numberstring)) numberstring = ''.join(sorted(numberstring, reverse=True)) if numberstring in last_three: break assert iterations < 1000000 last_three[queue_index], numberstring = numberstring, A036058(numberstring) iterations += 1 queue_index +=1 queue_index %=3 return iterations def max_A036058_length( start_range=range(11) ): already_done = set() max_len = (-1, []) for n in start_range: sn = str(n) sns = tuple(sorted(sn, reverse=True)) if sns not in already_done: already_done.add(sns) size = A036058_length(sns) if size > max_len[0]: max_len = (size, [n]) elif size == max_len[0]: max_len[1].append(n) return max_len lenmax, starts = max_A036058_length( range(1000000) ) allstarts = [] for n in starts: allstarts += [int(''.join(x)) for x in set(k for k in permutations(str(n), 4) if k[0] != '0')] allstarts = [x for x in sorted(allstarts) if x < 1000000] print ( % (lenmax, allstarts) ) print ( ) for n in starts: print() A036058_length(str(n), printit=True)
package main import ( "fmt" "strconv" ) func main() { var maxLen int var seqMaxLen [][]string for n := 1; n < 1e6; n++ { switch s := seq(n); { case len(s) == maxLen: seqMaxLen = append(seqMaxLen, s) case len(s) > maxLen: maxLen = len(s) seqMaxLen = [][]string{s} } } fmt.Println("Max sequence length:", maxLen) fmt.Println("Sequences:", len(seqMaxLen)) for _, seq := range seqMaxLen { fmt.Println("Sequence:") for _, t := range seq { fmt.Println(t) } } } func seq(n int) []string { s := strconv.Itoa(n) ss := []string{s} for { dSeq := sortD(s) d := dSeq[0] nd := 1 s = "" for i := 1; ; i++ { if i == len(dSeq) { s = fmt.Sprintf("%s%d%c", s, nd, d) break } if dSeq[i] == d { nd++ } else { s = fmt.Sprintf("%s%d%c", s, nd, d) d = dSeq[i] nd = 1 } } for _, s0 := range ss { if s == s0 { return ss } } ss = append(ss, s) } panic("unreachable") } func sortD(s string) []rune { r := make([]rune, len(s)) for i, d := range s { j := 0 for ; j < i; j++ { if d > r[j] { copy(r[j+1:], r[j:i]) break } } r[j] = d } return r }
Produce a functionally identical Go code for the snippet given in Python.
irregularOrdinals = { "one": "first", "two": "second", "three": "third", "five": "fifth", "eight": "eighth", "nine": "ninth", "twelve": "twelfth", } def num2ordinal(n): conversion = int(float(n)) num = spell_integer(conversion) hyphen = num.rsplit("-", 1) num = num.rsplit(" ", 1) delim = " " if len(num[-1]) > len(hyphen[-1]): num = hyphen delim = "-" if num[-1] in irregularOrdinals: num[-1] = delim + irregularOrdinals[num[-1]] elif num[-1].endswith("y"): num[-1] = delim + num[-1][:-1] + "ieth" else: num[-1] = delim + num[-1] + "th" return "".join(num) if __name__ == "__main__": tests = "1 2 3 4 5 11 65 100 101 272 23456 8007006005004003 123 00123.0 1.23e2".split() for num in tests: print("{} => {}".format(num, num2ordinal(num))) TENS = [None, None, "twenty", "thirty", "forty", "fifty", "sixty", "seventy", "eighty", "ninety"] SMALL = ["zero", "one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine", "ten", "eleven", "twelve", "thirteen", "fourteen", "fifteen", "sixteen", "seventeen", "eighteen", "nineteen"] HUGE = [None, None] + [h + "illion" for h in ("m", "b", "tr", "quadr", "quint", "sext", "sept", "oct", "non", "dec")] def nonzero(c, n, connect=''): return "" if n == 0 else connect + c + spell_integer(n) def last_and(num): if ',' in num: pre, last = num.rsplit(',', 1) if ' and ' not in last: last = ' and' + last num = ''.join([pre, ',', last]) return num def big(e, n): if e == 0: return spell_integer(n) elif e == 1: return spell_integer(n) + " thousand" else: return spell_integer(n) + " " + HUGE[e] def base1000_rev(n): while n != 0: n, r = divmod(n, 1000) yield r def spell_integer(n): if n < 0: return "minus " + spell_integer(-n) elif n < 20: return SMALL[n] elif n < 100: a, b = divmod(n, 10) return TENS[a] + nonzero("-", b) elif n < 1000: a, b = divmod(n, 100) return SMALL[a] + " hundred" + nonzero(" ", b, ' and') else: num = ", ".join([big(e, x) for e, x in enumerate(base1000_rev(n)) if x][::-1]) return last_and(num)
import ( "fmt" "strings" ) func main() { for _, n := range []int64{ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 11, 65, 100, 101, 272, 23456, 8007006005004003, } { fmt.Println(sayOrdinal(n)) } } var irregularOrdinals = map[string]string{ "one": "first", "two": "second", "three": "third", "five": "fifth", "eight": "eighth", "nine": "ninth", "twelve": "twelfth", } func sayOrdinal(n int64) string { s := say(n) i := strings.LastIndexAny(s, " -") i++ if x, ok := irregularOrdinals[s[i:]]; ok { s = s[:i] + x } else if s[len(s)-1] == 'y' { s = s[:i] + s[i:len(s)-1] + "ieth" } else { s = s[:i] + s[i:] + "th" } return s } var small = [...]string{"zero", "one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine", "ten", "eleven", "twelve", "thirteen", "fourteen", "fifteen", "sixteen", "seventeen", "eighteen", "nineteen"} var tens = [...]string{"", "", "twenty", "thirty", "forty", "fifty", "sixty", "seventy", "eighty", "ninety"} var illions = [...]string{"", " thousand", " million", " billion", " trillion", " quadrillion", " quintillion"} func say(n int64) string { var t string if n < 0 { t = "negative " n = -n } switch { case n < 20: t += small[n] case n < 100: t += tens[n/10] s := n % 10 if s > 0 { t += "-" + small[s] } case n < 1000: t += small[n/100] + " hundred" s := n % 100 if s > 0 { t += " " + say(s) } default: sx := "" for i := 0; n > 0; i++ { p := n % 1000 n /= 1000 if p > 0 { ix := say(p) + illions[i] if sx != "" { ix += " " + sx } sx = ix } } t += sx } return t }
Port the following code from Python to Go with equivalent syntax and logic.
>>> def isSelfDescribing(n): s = str(n) return all(s.count(str(i)) == int(ch) for i, ch in enumerate(s)) >>> [x for x in range(4000000) if isSelfDescribing(x)] [1210, 2020, 21200, 3211000] >>> [(x, isSelfDescribing(x)) for x in (1210, 2020, 21200, 3211000, 42101000, 521001000, 6210001000)] [(1210, True), (2020, True), (21200, True), (3211000, True), (42101000, True), (521001000, True), (6210001000, True)]
package main import ( "fmt" "strconv" "strings" ) func sdn(n int64) bool { if n >= 1e10 { return false } s := strconv.FormatInt(n, 10) for d, p := range s { if int(p)-'0' != strings.Count(s, strconv.Itoa(d)) { return false } } return true } func main() { for n := int64(0); n < 1e10; n++ { if sdn(n) { fmt.Println(n) } } }
Rewrite this program in Go while keeping its functionality equivalent to the Python version.
>>> def isSelfDescribing(n): s = str(n) return all(s.count(str(i)) == int(ch) for i, ch in enumerate(s)) >>> [x for x in range(4000000) if isSelfDescribing(x)] [1210, 2020, 21200, 3211000] >>> [(x, isSelfDescribing(x)) for x in (1210, 2020, 21200, 3211000, 42101000, 521001000, 6210001000)] [(1210, True), (2020, True), (21200, True), (3211000, True), (42101000, True), (521001000, True), (6210001000, True)]
package main import ( "fmt" "strconv" "strings" ) func sdn(n int64) bool { if n >= 1e10 { return false } s := strconv.FormatInt(n, 10) for d, p := range s { if int(p)-'0' != strings.Count(s, strconv.Itoa(d)) { return false } } return true } func main() { for n := int64(0); n < 1e10; n++ { if sdn(n) { fmt.Println(n) } } }
Rewrite this program in Go while keeping its functionality equivalent to the Python version.
def prepend(n, seq): return [n] + seq def check_seq(pos, seq, n, min_len): if pos > min_len or seq[0] > n: return min_len, 0 if seq[0] == n: return pos, 1 if pos < min_len: return try_perm(0, pos, seq, n, min_len) return min_len, 0 def try_perm(i, pos, seq, n, min_len): if i > pos: return min_len, 0 res1 = check_seq(pos + 1, prepend(seq[0] + seq[i], seq), n, min_len) res2 = try_perm(i + 1, pos, seq, n, res1[0]) if res2[0] < res1[0]: return res2 if res2[0] == res1[0]: return res2[0], res1[1] + res2[1] raise Exception("try_perm exception") def init_try_perm(x): return try_perm(0, 0, [1], x, 12) def find_brauer(num): res = init_try_perm(num) print print "N = ", num print "Minimum length of chains: L(n) = ", res[0] print "Number of minimum length Brauer chains: ", res[1] nums = [7, 14, 21, 29, 32, 42, 64, 47, 79, 191, 382, 379] for i in nums: find_brauer(i)
package main import "fmt" var example []int func reverse(s []int) { for i, j := 0, len(s)-1; i < j; i, j = i+1, j-1 { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] } } func checkSeq(pos, n, minLen int, seq []int) (int, int) { switch { case pos > minLen || seq[0] > n: return minLen, 0 case seq[0] == n: example = seq return pos, 1 case pos < minLen: return tryPerm(0, pos, n, minLen, seq) default: return minLen, 0 } } func tryPerm(i, pos, n, minLen int, seq []int) (int, int) { if i > pos { return minLen, 0 } seq2 := make([]int, len(seq)+1) copy(seq2[1:], seq) seq2[0] = seq[0] + seq[i] res11, res12 := checkSeq(pos+1, n, minLen, seq2) res21, res22 := tryPerm(i+1, pos, n, res11, seq) switch { case res21 < res11: return res21, res22 case res21 == res11: return res21, res12 + res22 default: fmt.Println("Error in tryPerm") return 0, 0 } } func initTryPerm(x, minLen int) (int, int) { return tryPerm(0, 0, x, minLen, []int{1}) } func findBrauer(num, minLen, nbLimit int) { actualMin, brauer := initTryPerm(num, minLen) fmt.Println("\nN =", num) fmt.Printf("Minimum length of chains : L(%d) = %d\n", num, actualMin) fmt.Println("Number of minimum length Brauer chains :", brauer) if brauer > 0 { reverse(example) fmt.Println("Brauer example :", example) } example = nil if num <= nbLimit { nonBrauer := findNonBrauer(num, actualMin+1, brauer) fmt.Println("Number of minimum length non-Brauer chains :", nonBrauer) if nonBrauer > 0 { fmt.Println("Non-Brauer example :", example) } example = nil } else { println("Non-Brauer analysis suppressed") } } func isAdditionChain(a []int) bool { for i := 2; i < len(a); i++ { if a[i] > a[i-1]*2 { return false } ok := false jloop: for j := i - 1; j >= 0; j-- { for k := j; k >= 0; k-- { if a[j]+a[k] == a[i] { ok = true break jloop } } } if !ok { return false } } if example == nil && !isBrauer(a) { example = make([]int, len(a)) copy(example, a) } return true } func isBrauer(a []int) bool { for i := 2; i < len(a); i++ { ok := false for j := i - 1; j >= 0; j-- { if a[i-1]+a[j] == a[i] { ok = true break } } if !ok { return false } } return true } func nextChains(index, le int, seq []int, pcount *int) { for { if index < le-1 { nextChains(index+1, le, seq, pcount) } if seq[index]+le-1-index >= seq[le-1] { return } seq[index]++ for i := index + 1; i < le-1; i++ { seq[i] = seq[i-1] + 1 } if isAdditionChain(seq) { (*pcount)++ } } } func findNonBrauer(num, le, brauer int) int { seq := make([]int, le) seq[0] = 1 seq[le-1] = num for i := 1; i < le-1; i++ { seq[i] = seq[i-1] + 1 } count := 0 if isAdditionChain(seq) { count = 1 } nextChains(2, le, seq, &count) return count - brauer } func main() { nums := []int{7, 14, 21, 29, 32, 42, 64, 47, 79, 191, 382, 379} fmt.Println("Searching for Brauer chains up to a minimum length of 12:") for _, num := range nums { findBrauer(num, 12, 79) } }
Translate this program into Go but keep the logic exactly as in Python.
def repeat(f,n): for i in range(n): f(); def procedure(): print("Example"); repeat(procedure,3);
package main import "fmt" func repeat(n int, f func()) { for i := 0; i < n; i++ { f() } } func fn() { fmt.Println("Example") } func main() { repeat(4, fn) }
Write a version of this Python function in Go with identical behavior.
bar = '▁▂▃▄▅▆▇█' barcount = len(bar) def sparkline(numbers): mn, mx = min(numbers), max(numbers) extent = mx - mn sparkline = ''.join(bar[min([barcount - 1, int((n - mn) / extent * barcount)])] for n in numbers) return mn, mx, sparkline if __name__ == '__main__': import re for line in ("0 0 1 1; 0 1 19 20; 0 999 4000 4999 7000 7999;" "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1;" "1.5, 0.5 3.5, 2.5 5.5, 4.5 7.5, 6.5 ").split(';'): print("\nNumbers:", line) numbers = [float(n) for n in re.split(r'[\s,]+', line.strip())] mn, mx, sp = sparkline(numbers) print(' min: %5f; max: %5f' % (mn, mx)) print(" " + sp)
package main import ( "bufio" "errors" "fmt" "math" "os" "regexp" "strconv" "strings" ) func main() { fmt.Println("Numbers please separated by space/commas:") sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin) sc.Scan() s, n, min, max, err := spark(sc.Text()) if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) return } if n == 1 { fmt.Println("1 value =", min) } else { fmt.Println(n, "values. Min:", min, "Max:", max) } fmt.Println(s) } var sep = regexp.MustCompile(`[\s,]+`) func spark(s0 string) (sp string, n int, min, max float64, err error) { ss := sep.Split(s0, -1) n = len(ss) vs := make([]float64, n) var v float64 min = math.Inf(1) max = math.Inf(-1) for i, s := range ss { switch v, err = strconv.ParseFloat(s, 64); { case err != nil: case math.IsNaN(v): err = errors.New("NaN not supported.") case math.IsInf(v, 0): err = errors.New("Inf not supported.") default: if v < min { min = v } if v > max { max = v } vs[i] = v continue } return } if min == max { sp = strings.Repeat("▄", n) } else { rs := make([]rune, n) f := 8 / (max - min) for j, v := range vs { i := rune(f * (v - min)) if i > 7 { i = 7 } rs[j] = '▁' + i } sp = string(rs) } return }
Port the provided Python code into Go while preserving the original functionality.
def load_ast() line = readline() line_list = tokenize the line, respecting double quotes text = line_list[0] if text == ";" return NULL node_type = text if len(line_list) > 1 return make_leaf(node_type, line_list[1]) left = load_ast() right = load_ast() return make_node(node_type, left, right)
package main import ( "bufio" "fmt" "log" "os" "strconv" "strings" ) type NodeType int const ( ndIdent NodeType = iota ndString ndInteger ndSequence ndIf ndPrtc ndPrts ndPrti ndWhile ndAssign ndNegate ndNot ndMul ndDiv ndMod ndAdd ndSub ndLss ndLeq ndGtr ndGeq ndEql ndNeq ndAnd ndOr ) type Tree struct { nodeType NodeType left *Tree right *Tree value int } type atr struct { enumText string nodeType NodeType } var atrs = []atr{ {"Identifier", ndIdent}, {"String", ndString}, {"Integer", ndInteger}, {"Sequence", ndSequence}, {"If", ndIf}, {"Prtc", ndPrtc}, {"Prts", ndPrts}, {"Prti", ndPrti}, {"While", ndWhile}, {"Assign", ndAssign}, {"Negate", ndNegate}, {"Not", ndNot}, {"Multiply", ndMul}, {"Divide", ndDiv}, {"Mod", ndMod}, {"Add", ndAdd}, {"Subtract", ndSub}, {"Less", ndLss}, {"LessEqual", ndLeq}, {"Greater", ndGtr}, {"GreaterEqual", ndGeq}, {"Equal", ndEql}, {"NotEqual", ndNeq}, {"And", ndAnd}, {"Or", ndOr}, } var ( stringPool []string globalNames []string globalValues = make(map[int]int) ) var ( err error scanner *bufio.Scanner ) func reportError(msg string) { log.Fatalf("error : %s\n", msg) } func check(err error) { if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } } func btoi(b bool) int { if b { return 1 } return 0 } func itob(i int) bool { if i == 0 { return false } return true } func makeNode(nodeType NodeType, left *Tree, right *Tree) *Tree { return &Tree{nodeType, left, right, 0} } func makeLeaf(nodeType NodeType, value int) *Tree { return &Tree{nodeType, nil, nil, value} } func interp(x *Tree) int { if x == nil { return 0 } switch x.nodeType { case ndInteger: return x.value case ndIdent: return globalValues[x.value] case ndString: return x.value case ndAssign: n := interp(x.right) globalValues[x.left.value] = n return n case ndAdd: return interp(x.left) + interp(x.right) case ndSub: return interp(x.left) - interp(x.right) case ndMul: return interp(x.left) * interp(x.right) case ndDiv: return interp(x.left) / interp(x.right) case ndMod: return interp(x.left) % interp(x.right) case ndLss: return btoi(interp(x.left) < interp(x.right)) case ndGtr: return btoi(interp(x.left) > interp(x.right)) case ndLeq: return btoi(interp(x.left) <= interp(x.right)) case ndEql: return btoi(interp(x.left) == interp(x.right)) case ndNeq: return btoi(interp(x.left) != interp(x.right)) case ndAnd: return btoi(itob(interp(x.left)) && itob(interp(x.right))) case ndOr: return btoi(itob(interp(x.left)) || itob(interp(x.right))) case ndNegate: return -interp(x.left) case ndNot: if interp(x.left) == 0 { return 1 } return 0 case ndIf: if interp(x.left) != 0 { interp(x.right.left) } else { interp(x.right.right) } return 0 case ndWhile: for interp(x.left) != 0 { interp(x.right) } return 0 case ndPrtc: fmt.Printf("%c", interp(x.left)) return 0 case ndPrti: fmt.Printf("%d", interp(x.left)) return 0 case ndPrts: fmt.Print(stringPool[interp(x.left)]) return 0 case ndSequence: interp(x.left) interp(x.right) return 0 default: reportError(fmt.Sprintf("interp: unknown tree type %d\n", x.nodeType)) } return 0 } func getEnumValue(name string) NodeType { for _, atr := range atrs { if atr.enumText == name { return atr.nodeType } } reportError(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown token %s\n", name)) return -1 } func fetchStringOffset(s string) int { var d strings.Builder s = s[1 : len(s)-1] for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ { if s[i] == '\\' && (i+1) < len(s) { if s[i+1] == 'n' { d.WriteByte('\n') i++ } else if s[i+1] == '\\' { d.WriteByte('\\') i++ } } else { d.WriteByte(s[i]) } } s = d.String() for i := 0; i < len(stringPool); i++ { if s == stringPool[i] { return i } } stringPool = append(stringPool, s) return len(stringPool) - 1 } func fetchVarOffset(name string) int { for i := 0; i < len(globalNames); i++ { if globalNames[i] == name { return i } } globalNames = append(globalNames, name) return len(globalNames) - 1 } func loadAst() *Tree { var nodeType NodeType var s string if scanner.Scan() { line := strings.TrimRight(scanner.Text(), " \t") tokens := strings.Fields(line) first := tokens[0] if first[0] == ';' { return nil } nodeType = getEnumValue(first) le := len(tokens) if le == 2 { s = tokens[1] } else if le > 2 { idx := strings.Index(line, `"`) s = line[idx:] } } check(scanner.Err()) if s != "" { var n int switch nodeType { case ndIdent: n = fetchVarOffset(s) case ndInteger: n, err = strconv.Atoi(s) check(err) case ndString: n = fetchStringOffset(s) default: reportError(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown node type: %s\n", s)) } return makeLeaf(nodeType, n) } left := loadAst() right := loadAst() return makeNode(nodeType, left, right) } func main() { ast, err := os.Open("ast.txt") check(err) defer ast.Close() scanner = bufio.NewScanner(ast) x := loadAst() interp(x) }
Produce a functionally identical Go code for the snippet given in Python.
def load_ast() line = readline() line_list = tokenize the line, respecting double quotes text = line_list[0] if text == ";" return NULL node_type = text if len(line_list) > 1 return make_leaf(node_type, line_list[1]) left = load_ast() right = load_ast() return make_node(node_type, left, right)
package main import ( "bufio" "fmt" "log" "os" "strconv" "strings" ) type NodeType int const ( ndIdent NodeType = iota ndString ndInteger ndSequence ndIf ndPrtc ndPrts ndPrti ndWhile ndAssign ndNegate ndNot ndMul ndDiv ndMod ndAdd ndSub ndLss ndLeq ndGtr ndGeq ndEql ndNeq ndAnd ndOr ) type Tree struct { nodeType NodeType left *Tree right *Tree value int } type atr struct { enumText string nodeType NodeType } var atrs = []atr{ {"Identifier", ndIdent}, {"String", ndString}, {"Integer", ndInteger}, {"Sequence", ndSequence}, {"If", ndIf}, {"Prtc", ndPrtc}, {"Prts", ndPrts}, {"Prti", ndPrti}, {"While", ndWhile}, {"Assign", ndAssign}, {"Negate", ndNegate}, {"Not", ndNot}, {"Multiply", ndMul}, {"Divide", ndDiv}, {"Mod", ndMod}, {"Add", ndAdd}, {"Subtract", ndSub}, {"Less", ndLss}, {"LessEqual", ndLeq}, {"Greater", ndGtr}, {"GreaterEqual", ndGeq}, {"Equal", ndEql}, {"NotEqual", ndNeq}, {"And", ndAnd}, {"Or", ndOr}, } var ( stringPool []string globalNames []string globalValues = make(map[int]int) ) var ( err error scanner *bufio.Scanner ) func reportError(msg string) { log.Fatalf("error : %s\n", msg) } func check(err error) { if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } } func btoi(b bool) int { if b { return 1 } return 0 } func itob(i int) bool { if i == 0 { return false } return true } func makeNode(nodeType NodeType, left *Tree, right *Tree) *Tree { return &Tree{nodeType, left, right, 0} } func makeLeaf(nodeType NodeType, value int) *Tree { return &Tree{nodeType, nil, nil, value} } func interp(x *Tree) int { if x == nil { return 0 } switch x.nodeType { case ndInteger: return x.value case ndIdent: return globalValues[x.value] case ndString: return x.value case ndAssign: n := interp(x.right) globalValues[x.left.value] = n return n case ndAdd: return interp(x.left) + interp(x.right) case ndSub: return interp(x.left) - interp(x.right) case ndMul: return interp(x.left) * interp(x.right) case ndDiv: return interp(x.left) / interp(x.right) case ndMod: return interp(x.left) % interp(x.right) case ndLss: return btoi(interp(x.left) < interp(x.right)) case ndGtr: return btoi(interp(x.left) > interp(x.right)) case ndLeq: return btoi(interp(x.left) <= interp(x.right)) case ndEql: return btoi(interp(x.left) == interp(x.right)) case ndNeq: return btoi(interp(x.left) != interp(x.right)) case ndAnd: return btoi(itob(interp(x.left)) && itob(interp(x.right))) case ndOr: return btoi(itob(interp(x.left)) || itob(interp(x.right))) case ndNegate: return -interp(x.left) case ndNot: if interp(x.left) == 0 { return 1 } return 0 case ndIf: if interp(x.left) != 0 { interp(x.right.left) } else { interp(x.right.right) } return 0 case ndWhile: for interp(x.left) != 0 { interp(x.right) } return 0 case ndPrtc: fmt.Printf("%c", interp(x.left)) return 0 case ndPrti: fmt.Printf("%d", interp(x.left)) return 0 case ndPrts: fmt.Print(stringPool[interp(x.left)]) return 0 case ndSequence: interp(x.left) interp(x.right) return 0 default: reportError(fmt.Sprintf("interp: unknown tree type %d\n", x.nodeType)) } return 0 } func getEnumValue(name string) NodeType { for _, atr := range atrs { if atr.enumText == name { return atr.nodeType } } reportError(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown token %s\n", name)) return -1 } func fetchStringOffset(s string) int { var d strings.Builder s = s[1 : len(s)-1] for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ { if s[i] == '\\' && (i+1) < len(s) { if s[i+1] == 'n' { d.WriteByte('\n') i++ } else if s[i+1] == '\\' { d.WriteByte('\\') i++ } } else { d.WriteByte(s[i]) } } s = d.String() for i := 0; i < len(stringPool); i++ { if s == stringPool[i] { return i } } stringPool = append(stringPool, s) return len(stringPool) - 1 } func fetchVarOffset(name string) int { for i := 0; i < len(globalNames); i++ { if globalNames[i] == name { return i } } globalNames = append(globalNames, name) return len(globalNames) - 1 } func loadAst() *Tree { var nodeType NodeType var s string if scanner.Scan() { line := strings.TrimRight(scanner.Text(), " \t") tokens := strings.Fields(line) first := tokens[0] if first[0] == ';' { return nil } nodeType = getEnumValue(first) le := len(tokens) if le == 2 { s = tokens[1] } else if le > 2 { idx := strings.Index(line, `"`) s = line[idx:] } } check(scanner.Err()) if s != "" { var n int switch nodeType { case ndIdent: n = fetchVarOffset(s) case ndInteger: n, err = strconv.Atoi(s) check(err) case ndString: n = fetchStringOffset(s) default: reportError(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown node type: %s\n", s)) } return makeLeaf(nodeType, n) } left := loadAst() right := loadAst() return makeNode(nodeType, left, right) } func main() { ast, err := os.Open("ast.txt") check(err) defer ast.Close() scanner = bufio.NewScanner(ast) x := loadAst() interp(x) }
Translate this program into Go but keep the logic exactly as in Python.
def load_ast() line = readline() line_list = tokenize the line, respecting double quotes text = line_list[0] if text == ";" return NULL node_type = text if len(line_list) > 1 return make_leaf(node_type, line_list[1]) left = load_ast() right = load_ast() return make_node(node_type, left, right)
package main import ( "bufio" "fmt" "log" "os" "strconv" "strings" ) type NodeType int const ( ndIdent NodeType = iota ndString ndInteger ndSequence ndIf ndPrtc ndPrts ndPrti ndWhile ndAssign ndNegate ndNot ndMul ndDiv ndMod ndAdd ndSub ndLss ndLeq ndGtr ndGeq ndEql ndNeq ndAnd ndOr ) type Tree struct { nodeType NodeType left *Tree right *Tree value int } type atr struct { enumText string nodeType NodeType } var atrs = []atr{ {"Identifier", ndIdent}, {"String", ndString}, {"Integer", ndInteger}, {"Sequence", ndSequence}, {"If", ndIf}, {"Prtc", ndPrtc}, {"Prts", ndPrts}, {"Prti", ndPrti}, {"While", ndWhile}, {"Assign", ndAssign}, {"Negate", ndNegate}, {"Not", ndNot}, {"Multiply", ndMul}, {"Divide", ndDiv}, {"Mod", ndMod}, {"Add", ndAdd}, {"Subtract", ndSub}, {"Less", ndLss}, {"LessEqual", ndLeq}, {"Greater", ndGtr}, {"GreaterEqual", ndGeq}, {"Equal", ndEql}, {"NotEqual", ndNeq}, {"And", ndAnd}, {"Or", ndOr}, } var ( stringPool []string globalNames []string globalValues = make(map[int]int) ) var ( err error scanner *bufio.Scanner ) func reportError(msg string) { log.Fatalf("error : %s\n", msg) } func check(err error) { if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } } func btoi(b bool) int { if b { return 1 } return 0 } func itob(i int) bool { if i == 0 { return false } return true } func makeNode(nodeType NodeType, left *Tree, right *Tree) *Tree { return &Tree{nodeType, left, right, 0} } func makeLeaf(nodeType NodeType, value int) *Tree { return &Tree{nodeType, nil, nil, value} } func interp(x *Tree) int { if x == nil { return 0 } switch x.nodeType { case ndInteger: return x.value case ndIdent: return globalValues[x.value] case ndString: return x.value case ndAssign: n := interp(x.right) globalValues[x.left.value] = n return n case ndAdd: return interp(x.left) + interp(x.right) case ndSub: return interp(x.left) - interp(x.right) case ndMul: return interp(x.left) * interp(x.right) case ndDiv: return interp(x.left) / interp(x.right) case ndMod: return interp(x.left) % interp(x.right) case ndLss: return btoi(interp(x.left) < interp(x.right)) case ndGtr: return btoi(interp(x.left) > interp(x.right)) case ndLeq: return btoi(interp(x.left) <= interp(x.right)) case ndEql: return btoi(interp(x.left) == interp(x.right)) case ndNeq: return btoi(interp(x.left) != interp(x.right)) case ndAnd: return btoi(itob(interp(x.left)) && itob(interp(x.right))) case ndOr: return btoi(itob(interp(x.left)) || itob(interp(x.right))) case ndNegate: return -interp(x.left) case ndNot: if interp(x.left) == 0 { return 1 } return 0 case ndIf: if interp(x.left) != 0 { interp(x.right.left) } else { interp(x.right.right) } return 0 case ndWhile: for interp(x.left) != 0 { interp(x.right) } return 0 case ndPrtc: fmt.Printf("%c", interp(x.left)) return 0 case ndPrti: fmt.Printf("%d", interp(x.left)) return 0 case ndPrts: fmt.Print(stringPool[interp(x.left)]) return 0 case ndSequence: interp(x.left) interp(x.right) return 0 default: reportError(fmt.Sprintf("interp: unknown tree type %d\n", x.nodeType)) } return 0 } func getEnumValue(name string) NodeType { for _, atr := range atrs { if atr.enumText == name { return atr.nodeType } } reportError(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown token %s\n", name)) return -1 } func fetchStringOffset(s string) int { var d strings.Builder s = s[1 : len(s)-1] for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ { if s[i] == '\\' && (i+1) < len(s) { if s[i+1] == 'n' { d.WriteByte('\n') i++ } else if s[i+1] == '\\' { d.WriteByte('\\') i++ } } else { d.WriteByte(s[i]) } } s = d.String() for i := 0; i < len(stringPool); i++ { if s == stringPool[i] { return i } } stringPool = append(stringPool, s) return len(stringPool) - 1 } func fetchVarOffset(name string) int { for i := 0; i < len(globalNames); i++ { if globalNames[i] == name { return i } } globalNames = append(globalNames, name) return len(globalNames) - 1 } func loadAst() *Tree { var nodeType NodeType var s string if scanner.Scan() { line := strings.TrimRight(scanner.Text(), " \t") tokens := strings.Fields(line) first := tokens[0] if first[0] == ';' { return nil } nodeType = getEnumValue(first) le := len(tokens) if le == 2 { s = tokens[1] } else if le > 2 { idx := strings.Index(line, `"`) s = line[idx:] } } check(scanner.Err()) if s != "" { var n int switch nodeType { case ndIdent: n = fetchVarOffset(s) case ndInteger: n, err = strconv.Atoi(s) check(err) case ndString: n = fetchStringOffset(s) default: reportError(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown node type: %s\n", s)) } return makeLeaf(nodeType, n) } left := loadAst() right := loadAst() return makeNode(nodeType, left, right) } func main() { ast, err := os.Open("ast.txt") check(err) defer ast.Close() scanner = bufio.NewScanner(ast) x := loadAst() interp(x) }
Write the same code in Go as shown below in Python.
def load_ast() line = readline() line_list = tokenize the line, respecting double quotes text = line_list[0] if text == ";" return NULL node_type = text if len(line_list) > 1 return make_leaf(node_type, line_list[1]) left = load_ast() right = load_ast() return make_node(node_type, left, right)
package main import ( "bufio" "fmt" "log" "os" "strconv" "strings" ) type NodeType int const ( ndIdent NodeType = iota ndString ndInteger ndSequence ndIf ndPrtc ndPrts ndPrti ndWhile ndAssign ndNegate ndNot ndMul ndDiv ndMod ndAdd ndSub ndLss ndLeq ndGtr ndGeq ndEql ndNeq ndAnd ndOr ) type Tree struct { nodeType NodeType left *Tree right *Tree value int } type atr struct { enumText string nodeType NodeType } var atrs = []atr{ {"Identifier", ndIdent}, {"String", ndString}, {"Integer", ndInteger}, {"Sequence", ndSequence}, {"If", ndIf}, {"Prtc", ndPrtc}, {"Prts", ndPrts}, {"Prti", ndPrti}, {"While", ndWhile}, {"Assign", ndAssign}, {"Negate", ndNegate}, {"Not", ndNot}, {"Multiply", ndMul}, {"Divide", ndDiv}, {"Mod", ndMod}, {"Add", ndAdd}, {"Subtract", ndSub}, {"Less", ndLss}, {"LessEqual", ndLeq}, {"Greater", ndGtr}, {"GreaterEqual", ndGeq}, {"Equal", ndEql}, {"NotEqual", ndNeq}, {"And", ndAnd}, {"Or", ndOr}, } var ( stringPool []string globalNames []string globalValues = make(map[int]int) ) var ( err error scanner *bufio.Scanner ) func reportError(msg string) { log.Fatalf("error : %s\n", msg) } func check(err error) { if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } } func btoi(b bool) int { if b { return 1 } return 0 } func itob(i int) bool { if i == 0 { return false } return true } func makeNode(nodeType NodeType, left *Tree, right *Tree) *Tree { return &Tree{nodeType, left, right, 0} } func makeLeaf(nodeType NodeType, value int) *Tree { return &Tree{nodeType, nil, nil, value} } func interp(x *Tree) int { if x == nil { return 0 } switch x.nodeType { case ndInteger: return x.value case ndIdent: return globalValues[x.value] case ndString: return x.value case ndAssign: n := interp(x.right) globalValues[x.left.value] = n return n case ndAdd: return interp(x.left) + interp(x.right) case ndSub: return interp(x.left) - interp(x.right) case ndMul: return interp(x.left) * interp(x.right) case ndDiv: return interp(x.left) / interp(x.right) case ndMod: return interp(x.left) % interp(x.right) case ndLss: return btoi(interp(x.left) < interp(x.right)) case ndGtr: return btoi(interp(x.left) > interp(x.right)) case ndLeq: return btoi(interp(x.left) <= interp(x.right)) case ndEql: return btoi(interp(x.left) == interp(x.right)) case ndNeq: return btoi(interp(x.left) != interp(x.right)) case ndAnd: return btoi(itob(interp(x.left)) && itob(interp(x.right))) case ndOr: return btoi(itob(interp(x.left)) || itob(interp(x.right))) case ndNegate: return -interp(x.left) case ndNot: if interp(x.left) == 0 { return 1 } return 0 case ndIf: if interp(x.left) != 0 { interp(x.right.left) } else { interp(x.right.right) } return 0 case ndWhile: for interp(x.left) != 0 { interp(x.right) } return 0 case ndPrtc: fmt.Printf("%c", interp(x.left)) return 0 case ndPrti: fmt.Printf("%d", interp(x.left)) return 0 case ndPrts: fmt.Print(stringPool[interp(x.left)]) return 0 case ndSequence: interp(x.left) interp(x.right) return 0 default: reportError(fmt.Sprintf("interp: unknown tree type %d\n", x.nodeType)) } return 0 } func getEnumValue(name string) NodeType { for _, atr := range atrs { if atr.enumText == name { return atr.nodeType } } reportError(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown token %s\n", name)) return -1 } func fetchStringOffset(s string) int { var d strings.Builder s = s[1 : len(s)-1] for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ { if s[i] == '\\' && (i+1) < len(s) { if s[i+1] == 'n' { d.WriteByte('\n') i++ } else if s[i+1] == '\\' { d.WriteByte('\\') i++ } } else { d.WriteByte(s[i]) } } s = d.String() for i := 0; i < len(stringPool); i++ { if s == stringPool[i] { return i } } stringPool = append(stringPool, s) return len(stringPool) - 1 } func fetchVarOffset(name string) int { for i := 0; i < len(globalNames); i++ { if globalNames[i] == name { return i } } globalNames = append(globalNames, name) return len(globalNames) - 1 } func loadAst() *Tree { var nodeType NodeType var s string if scanner.Scan() { line := strings.TrimRight(scanner.Text(), " \t") tokens := strings.Fields(line) first := tokens[0] if first[0] == ';' { return nil } nodeType = getEnumValue(first) le := len(tokens) if le == 2 { s = tokens[1] } else if le > 2 { idx := strings.Index(line, `"`) s = line[idx:] } } check(scanner.Err()) if s != "" { var n int switch nodeType { case ndIdent: n = fetchVarOffset(s) case ndInteger: n, err = strconv.Atoi(s) check(err) case ndString: n = fetchStringOffset(s) default: reportError(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown node type: %s\n", s)) } return makeLeaf(nodeType, n) } left := loadAst() right := loadAst() return makeNode(nodeType, left, right) } func main() { ast, err := os.Open("ast.txt") check(err) defer ast.Close() scanner = bufio.NewScanner(ast) x := loadAst() interp(x) }
Please provide an equivalent version of this Python code in Go.
>>> def extended_gcd(aa, bb): lastremainder, remainder = abs(aa), abs(bb) x, lastx, y, lasty = 0, 1, 1, 0 while remainder: lastremainder, (quotient, remainder) = remainder, divmod(lastremainder, remainder) x, lastx = lastx - quotient*x, x y, lasty = lasty - quotient*y, y return lastremainder, lastx * (-1 if aa < 0 else 1), lasty * (-1 if bb < 0 else 1) >>> def modinv(a, m): g, x, y = extended_gcd(a, m) if g != 1: raise ValueError return x % m >>> modinv(42, 2017) 1969 >>>
package main import ( "fmt" "math/big" ) func main() { a := big.NewInt(42) m := big.NewInt(2017) k := new(big.Int).ModInverse(a, m) fmt.Println(k) }
Translate this program into Go but keep the logic exactly as in Python.
import ctypes def click(): ctypes.windll.user32.mouse_event(0x2, 0,0,0,0) ctypes.windll.user32.mouse_event(0x4, 0,0,0,0) click()
package main import "github.com/go-vgo/robotgo" func main() { robotgo.MouseClick("left", false) robotgo.MouseClick("right", true) }
Transform the following Python implementation into Go, maintaining the same output and logic.
from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server def app(environ, start_response): start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')]) yield b"<h1>Goodbye, World!</h1>" server = make_server('127.0.0.1', 8080, app) server.serve_forever()
package main import ( "fmt" "log" "net/http" ) func main() { http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) { fmt.Fprintln(w, "Goodbye, World!") }) log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)) }
Change the programming language of this snippet from Python to Go without modifying what it does.
from turtle import * from math import * iter = 3000 diskRatio = .5 factor = .5 + sqrt(1.25) screen = getscreen() (winWidth, winHeight) = screen.screensize() x = 0.0 y = 0.0 maxRad = pow(iter,factor)/iter; bgcolor("light blue") hideturtle() tracer(0, 0) for i in range(iter+1): r = pow(i,factor)/iter; if r/maxRad < diskRatio: pencolor("black") else: pencolor("yellow") theta = 2*pi*factor*i; up() setposition(x + r*sin(theta), y + r*cos(theta)) down() circle(10.0 * i/(1.0*iter)) update() done()
package main import ( "github.com/fogleman/gg" "math" ) func main() { dc := gg.NewContext(400, 400) dc.SetRGB(1, 1, 1) dc.Clear() dc.SetRGB(0, 0, 1) c := (math.Sqrt(5) + 1) / 2 numberOfSeeds := 3000 for i := 0; i <= numberOfSeeds; i++ { fi := float64(i) fn := float64(numberOfSeeds) r := math.Pow(fi, c) / fn angle := 2 * math.Pi * c * fi x := r*math.Sin(angle) + 200 y := r*math.Cos(angle) + 200 fi /= fn / 5 dc.DrawCircle(x, y, fi) } dc.SetLineWidth(1) dc.Stroke() dc.SavePNG("sunflower_fractal.png") }
Write a version of this Python function in Go with identical behavior.
from collections import defaultdict costs = {'W': {'A': 16, 'B': 16, 'C': 13, 'D': 22, 'E': 17}, 'X': {'A': 14, 'B': 14, 'C': 13, 'D': 19, 'E': 15}, 'Y': {'A': 19, 'B': 19, 'C': 20, 'D': 23, 'E': 50}, 'Z': {'A': 50, 'B': 12, 'C': 50, 'D': 15, 'E': 11}} demand = {'A': 30, 'B': 20, 'C': 70, 'D': 30, 'E': 60} cols = sorted(demand.iterkeys()) supply = {'W': 50, 'X': 60, 'Y': 50, 'Z': 50} res = dict((k, defaultdict(int)) for k in costs) g = {} for x in supply: g[x] = sorted(costs[x].iterkeys(), key=lambda g: costs[x][g]) for x in demand: g[x] = sorted(costs.iterkeys(), key=lambda g: costs[g][x]) while g: d = {} for x in demand: d[x] = (costs[g[x][1]][x] - costs[g[x][0]][x]) if len(g[x]) > 1 else costs[g[x][0]][x] s = {} for x in supply: s[x] = (costs[x][g[x][1]] - costs[x][g[x][0]]) if len(g[x]) > 1 else costs[x][g[x][0]] f = max(d, key=lambda n: d[n]) t = max(s, key=lambda n: s[n]) t, f = (f, g[f][0]) if d[f] > s[t] else (g[t][0], t) v = min(supply[f], demand[t]) res[f][t] += v demand[t] -= v if demand[t] == 0: for k, n in supply.iteritems(): if n != 0: g[k].remove(t) del g[t] del demand[t] supply[f] -= v if supply[f] == 0: for k, n in demand.iteritems(): if n != 0: g[k].remove(f) del g[f] del supply[f] for n in cols: print "\t", n, print cost = 0 for g in sorted(costs): print g, "\t", for n in cols: y = res[g][n] if y != 0: print y, cost += y * costs[g][n] print "\t", print print "\n\nTotal Cost = ", cost
#include <stdio.h> #include <limits.h> #define TRUE 1 #define FALSE 0 #define N_ROWS 5 #define N_COLS 5 typedef int bool; int supply[N_ROWS] = { 461, 277, 356, 488, 393 }; int demand[N_COLS] = { 278, 60, 461, 116, 1060 }; int costs[N_ROWS][N_COLS] = { { 46, 74, 9, 28, 99 }, { 12, 75, 6, 36, 48 }, { 35, 199, 4, 5, 71 }, { 61, 81, 44, 88, 9 }, { 85, 60, 14, 25, 79 } }; int main() { printf(" A B C D E\n"); for (i = 0; i < N_ROWS; ++i) { printf("%c", 'V' + i); for (j = 0; j < N_COLS; ++j) printf(" %3d", results[i][j]); printf("\n"); } printf("\nTotal cost = %d\n", total_cost); return 0; }
Translate this program into Go but keep the logic exactly as in Python.
from math import sqrt, cos, exp DEG = 0.017453292519943295769236907684886127134 RE = 6371000 dd = 0.001 FIN = 10000000 def rho(a): return exp(-a / 8500.0) def height(a, z, d): return sqrt((RE + a)**2 + d**2 - 2 * d * (RE + a) * cos((180 - z) * DEG)) - RE def column_density(a, z): dsum, d = 0.0, 0.0 while d < FIN: delta = max(dd, (dd)*d) dsum += rho(height(a, z, d + 0.5 * delta)) * delta d += delta return dsum def airmass(a, z): return column_density(a, z) / column_density(a, 0) print('Angle 0 m 13700 m\n', '-' * 36) for z in range(0, 91, 5): print(f"{z: 3d} {airmass(0, z): 12.7f} {airmass(13700, z): 12.7f}")
package main import ( "fmt" "math" ) const ( RE = 6371000 DD = 0.001 FIN = 1e7 ) func rho(a float64) float64 { return math.Exp(-a / 8500) } func radians(degrees float64) float64 { return degrees * math.Pi / 180 } func height(a, z, d float64) float64 { aa := RE + a hh := math.Sqrt(aa*aa + d*d - 2*d*aa*math.Cos(radians(180-z))) return hh - RE } func columnDensity(a, z float64) float64 { sum := 0.0 d := 0.0 for d < FIN { delta := math.Max(DD, DD*d) sum += rho(height(a, z, d+0.5*delta)) * delta d += delta } return sum } func airmass(a, z float64) float64 { return columnDensity(a, z) / columnDensity(a, 0) } func main() { fmt.Println("Angle 0 m 13700 m") fmt.Println("------------------------------------") for z := 0; z <= 90; z += 5 { fz := float64(z) fmt.Printf("%2d %11.8f %11.8f\n", z, airmass(0, fz), airmass(13700, fz)) } }
Maintain the same structure and functionality when rewriting this code in Go.
from itertools import islice from fractions import Fraction from functools import reduce try: from itertools import izip as zip except: pass def head(n): return lambda seq: islice(seq, n) def pipe(gen, *cmds): return reduce(lambda gen, cmd: cmd(gen), cmds, gen) def sinepower(): n = 0 fac = 1 sign = +1 zero = 0 yield zero while True: n +=1 fac *= n yield Fraction(1, fac*sign) sign = -sign n +=1 fac *= n yield zero def cosinepower(): n = 0 fac = 1 sign = +1 yield Fraction(1,fac) zero = 0 while True: n +=1 fac *= n yield zero sign = -sign n +=1 fac *= n yield Fraction(1, fac*sign) def pluspower(*powergenerators): for elements in zip(*powergenerators): yield sum(elements) def minuspower(*powergenerators): for elements in zip(*powergenerators): yield elements[0] - sum(elements[1:]) def mulpower(fgen,ggen): 'From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_series a,b = [],[] for f,g in zip(fgen, ggen): a.append(f) b.append(g) yield sum(f*g for f,g in zip(a, reversed(b))) def constpower(n): yield n while True: yield 0 def diffpower(gen): 'differentiatiate power series' next(gen) for n, an in enumerate(gen, start=1): yield an*n def intgpower(k=0): 'integrate power series with constant k' def _intgpower(gen): yield k for n, an in enumerate(gen, start=1): yield an * Fraction(1,n) return _intgpower print("cosine") c = list(pipe(cosinepower(), head(10))) print(c) print("sine") s = list(pipe(sinepower(), head(10))) print(s) integc = list(pipe(cosinepower(),intgpower(0), head(10))) integs1 = list(minuspower(pipe(constpower(1), head(10)), pipe(sinepower(),intgpower(0), head(10)))) assert s == integc, "The integral of cos should be sin" assert c == integs1, "1 minus the integral of sin should be cos"
package main import ( "fmt" "math" ) type fps interface { extract(int) float64 } func one() fps { return &oneFps{} } func add(s1, s2 fps) fps { return &sum{s1: s1, s2: s2} } func sub(s1, s2 fps) fps { return &diff{s1: s1, s2: s2} } func mul(s1, s2 fps) fps { return &prod{s1: s1, s2: s2} } func div(s1, s2 fps) fps { return &quo{s1: s1, s2: s2} } func differentiate(s1 fps) fps { return &deriv{s1: s1} } func integrate(s1 fps) fps { return &integ{s1: s1} } func sinCos() (fps, fps) { sin := &integ{} cos := sub(one(), integrate(sin)) sin.s1 = cos return sin, cos } type oneFps struct{} func (*oneFps) extract(n int) float64 { if n == 0 { return 1 } return 0 } type sum struct { s []float64 s1, s2 fps } func (s *sum) extract(n int) float64 { for i := len(s.s); i <= n; i++ { s.s = append(s.s, s.s1.extract(i)+s.s2.extract(i)) } return s.s[n] } type diff struct { s []float64 s1, s2 fps } func (s *diff) extract(n int) float64 { for i := len(s.s); i <= n; i++ { s.s = append(s.s, s.s1.extract(i)-s.s2.extract(i)) } return s.s[n] } type prod struct { s []float64 s1, s2 fps } func (s *prod) extract(n int) float64 { for i := len(s.s); i <= n; i++ { c := 0. for k := 0; k <= i; k++ { c += s.s1.extract(k) * s.s1.extract(n-k) } s.s = append(s.s, c) } return s.s[n] } type quo struct { s1, s2 fps inv float64 c []float64 s []float64 } func (s *quo) extract(n int) float64 { switch { case len(s.s) > 0: case !math.IsInf(s.inv, 1): a0 := s.s2.extract(0) s.inv = 1 / a0 if a0 != 0 { break } fallthrough default: return math.NaN() } for i := len(s.s); i <= n; i++ { c := 0. for k := 1; k <= i; k++ { c += s.s2.extract(k) * s.c[n-k] } c = s.s1.extract(i) - c*s.inv s.c = append(s.c, c) s.s = append(s.s, c*s.inv) } return s.s[n] } type deriv struct { s []float64 s1 fps } func (s *deriv) extract(n int) float64 { for i := len(s.s); i <= n; { i++ s.s = append(s.s, float64(i)*s.s1.extract(i)) } return s.s[n] } type integ struct { s []float64 s1 fps } func (s *integ) extract(n int) float64 { if n == 0 { return 0 } for i := len(s.s) + 1; i <= n; i++ { s.s = append(s.s, s.s1.extract(i-1)/float64(i)) } return s.s[n-1] } func main() { partialSeries := func(f fps) (s string) { for i := 0; i < 6; i++ { s = fmt.Sprintf("%s %8.5f ", s, f.extract(i)) } return } sin, cos := sinCos() fmt.Println("sin:", partialSeries(sin)) fmt.Println("cos:", partialSeries(cos)) }
Translate this program into Go but keep the logic exactly as in Python.
from itertools import islice from fractions import Fraction from functools import reduce try: from itertools import izip as zip except: pass def head(n): return lambda seq: islice(seq, n) def pipe(gen, *cmds): return reduce(lambda gen, cmd: cmd(gen), cmds, gen) def sinepower(): n = 0 fac = 1 sign = +1 zero = 0 yield zero while True: n +=1 fac *= n yield Fraction(1, fac*sign) sign = -sign n +=1 fac *= n yield zero def cosinepower(): n = 0 fac = 1 sign = +1 yield Fraction(1,fac) zero = 0 while True: n +=1 fac *= n yield zero sign = -sign n +=1 fac *= n yield Fraction(1, fac*sign) def pluspower(*powergenerators): for elements in zip(*powergenerators): yield sum(elements) def minuspower(*powergenerators): for elements in zip(*powergenerators): yield elements[0] - sum(elements[1:]) def mulpower(fgen,ggen): 'From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_series a,b = [],[] for f,g in zip(fgen, ggen): a.append(f) b.append(g) yield sum(f*g for f,g in zip(a, reversed(b))) def constpower(n): yield n while True: yield 0 def diffpower(gen): 'differentiatiate power series' next(gen) for n, an in enumerate(gen, start=1): yield an*n def intgpower(k=0): 'integrate power series with constant k' def _intgpower(gen): yield k for n, an in enumerate(gen, start=1): yield an * Fraction(1,n) return _intgpower print("cosine") c = list(pipe(cosinepower(), head(10))) print(c) print("sine") s = list(pipe(sinepower(), head(10))) print(s) integc = list(pipe(cosinepower(),intgpower(0), head(10))) integs1 = list(minuspower(pipe(constpower(1), head(10)), pipe(sinepower(),intgpower(0), head(10)))) assert s == integc, "The integral of cos should be sin" assert c == integs1, "1 minus the integral of sin should be cos"
package main import ( "fmt" "math" ) type fps interface { extract(int) float64 } func one() fps { return &oneFps{} } func add(s1, s2 fps) fps { return &sum{s1: s1, s2: s2} } func sub(s1, s2 fps) fps { return &diff{s1: s1, s2: s2} } func mul(s1, s2 fps) fps { return &prod{s1: s1, s2: s2} } func div(s1, s2 fps) fps { return &quo{s1: s1, s2: s2} } func differentiate(s1 fps) fps { return &deriv{s1: s1} } func integrate(s1 fps) fps { return &integ{s1: s1} } func sinCos() (fps, fps) { sin := &integ{} cos := sub(one(), integrate(sin)) sin.s1 = cos return sin, cos } type oneFps struct{} func (*oneFps) extract(n int) float64 { if n == 0 { return 1 } return 0 } type sum struct { s []float64 s1, s2 fps } func (s *sum) extract(n int) float64 { for i := len(s.s); i <= n; i++ { s.s = append(s.s, s.s1.extract(i)+s.s2.extract(i)) } return s.s[n] } type diff struct { s []float64 s1, s2 fps } func (s *diff) extract(n int) float64 { for i := len(s.s); i <= n; i++ { s.s = append(s.s, s.s1.extract(i)-s.s2.extract(i)) } return s.s[n] } type prod struct { s []float64 s1, s2 fps } func (s *prod) extract(n int) float64 { for i := len(s.s); i <= n; i++ { c := 0. for k := 0; k <= i; k++ { c += s.s1.extract(k) * s.s1.extract(n-k) } s.s = append(s.s, c) } return s.s[n] } type quo struct { s1, s2 fps inv float64 c []float64 s []float64 } func (s *quo) extract(n int) float64 { switch { case len(s.s) > 0: case !math.IsInf(s.inv, 1): a0 := s.s2.extract(0) s.inv = 1 / a0 if a0 != 0 { break } fallthrough default: return math.NaN() } for i := len(s.s); i <= n; i++ { c := 0. for k := 1; k <= i; k++ { c += s.s2.extract(k) * s.c[n-k] } c = s.s1.extract(i) - c*s.inv s.c = append(s.c, c) s.s = append(s.s, c*s.inv) } return s.s[n] } type deriv struct { s []float64 s1 fps } func (s *deriv) extract(n int) float64 { for i := len(s.s); i <= n; { i++ s.s = append(s.s, float64(i)*s.s1.extract(i)) } return s.s[n] } type integ struct { s []float64 s1 fps } func (s *integ) extract(n int) float64 { if n == 0 { return 0 } for i := len(s.s) + 1; i <= n; i++ { s.s = append(s.s, s.s1.extract(i-1)/float64(i)) } return s.s[n-1] } func main() { partialSeries := func(f fps) (s string) { for i := 0; i < 6; i++ { s = fmt.Sprintf("%s %8.5f ", s, f.extract(i)) } return } sin, cos := sinCos() fmt.Println("sin:", partialSeries(sin)) fmt.Println("cos:", partialSeries(cos)) }
Port the provided Python code into Go while preserving the original functionality.
def isowndigitspowersum(integer): digits = [int(c) for c in str(integer)] exponent = len(digits) return sum(x ** exponent for x in digits) == integer print("Own digits power sums for N = 3 to 9 inclusive:") for i in range(100, 1000000000): if isowndigitspowersum(i): print(i)
package main import ( "fmt" "math" "rcu" ) func main() { powers := [10]int{0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81} fmt.Println("Own digits power sums for N = 3 to 9 inclusive:") for n := 3; n < 10; n++ { for d := 2; d < 10; d++ { powers[d] *= d } i := int(math.Pow(10, float64(n-1))) max := i * 10 lastDigit := 0 sum := 0 var digits []int for i < max { if lastDigit == 0 { digits = rcu.Digits(i, 10) sum = 0 for _, d := range digits { sum += powers[d] } } else if lastDigit == 1 { sum++ } else { sum += powers[lastDigit] - powers[lastDigit-1] } if sum == i { fmt.Println(i) if lastDigit == 0 { fmt.Println(i + 1) } i += 10 - lastDigit lastDigit = 0 } else if sum > i { i += 10 - lastDigit lastDigit = 0 } else if lastDigit < 9 { i++ lastDigit++ } else { i++ lastDigit = 0 } } } }
Write the same code in Go as shown below in Python.
def run_vm(data_size) int stack[data_size + 1000] set stack[0..data_size - 1] to 0 int pc = 0 while True: op = code[pc] pc += 1 if op == FETCH: stack.append(stack[bytes_to_int(code[pc:pc+word_size])[0]]); pc += word_size elif op == STORE: stack[bytes_to_int(code[pc:pc+word_size])[0]] = stack.pop(); pc += word_size elif op == PUSH: stack.append(bytes_to_int(code[pc:pc+word_size])[0]); pc += word_size elif op == ADD: stack[-2] += stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == SUB: stack[-2] -= stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == MUL: stack[-2] *= stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == DIV: stack[-2] /= stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == MOD: stack[-2] %= stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == LT: stack[-2] = stack[-2] < stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == GT: stack[-2] = stack[-2] > stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == LE: stack[-2] = stack[-2] <= stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == GE: stack[-2] = stack[-2] >= stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == EQ: stack[-2] = stack[-2] == stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == NE: stack[-2] = stack[-2] != stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == AND: stack[-2] = stack[-2] and stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == OR: stack[-2] = stack[-2] or stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == NEG: stack[-1] = -stack[-1] elif op == NOT: stack[-1] = not stack[-1] elif op == JMP: pc += bytes_to_int(code[pc:pc+word_size])[0] elif op == JZ: if stack.pop() then pc += word_size else pc += bytes_to_int(code[pc:pc+word_size])[0] elif op == PRTC: print stack[-1] as a character; stack.pop() elif op == PRTS: print the constant string referred to by stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == PRTI: print stack[-1] as an integer; stack.pop() elif op == HALT: break
package main import ( "bufio" "encoding/binary" "fmt" "log" "math" "os" "strconv" "strings" ) type code = byte const ( fetch code = iota store push add sub mul div mod lt gt le ge eq ne and or neg not jmp jz prtc prts prti halt ) var codeMap = map[string]code{ "fetch": fetch, "store": store, "push": push, "add": add, "sub": sub, "mul": mul, "div": div, "mod": mod, "lt": lt, "gt": gt, "le": le, "ge": ge, "eq": eq, "ne": ne, "and": and, "or": or, "neg": neg, "not": not, "jmp": jmp, "jz": jz, "prtc": prtc, "prts": prts, "prti": prti, "halt": halt, } var ( err error scanner *bufio.Scanner object []code stringPool []string ) func reportError(msg string) { log.Fatalf("error : %s\n", msg) } func check(err error) { if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } } func btoi(b bool) int32 { if b { return 1 } return 0 } func itob(i int32) bool { if i != 0 { return true } return false } func emitByte(c code) { object = append(object, c) } func emitWord(n int) { bs := make([]byte, 4) binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32(bs, uint32(n)) for _, b := range bs { emitByte(code(b)) } } func runVM(dataSize int) { stack := make([]int32, dataSize+1) pc := int32(0) for { op := object[pc] pc++ switch op { case fetch: x := int32(binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(object[pc : pc+4])) stack = append(stack, stack[x]) pc += 4 case store: x := int32(binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(object[pc : pc+4])) ln := len(stack) stack[x] = stack[ln-1] stack = stack[:ln-1] pc += 4 case push: x := int32(binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(object[pc : pc+4])) stack = append(stack, x) pc += 4 case add: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] += stack[ln-1] stack = stack[:ln-1] case sub: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] -= stack[ln-1] stack = stack[:ln-1] case mul: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] *= stack[ln-1] stack = stack[:ln-1] case div: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] = int32(float64(stack[ln-2]) / float64(stack[ln-1])) stack = stack[:ln-1] case mod: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] = int32(math.Mod(float64(stack[ln-2]), float64(stack[ln-1]))) stack = stack[:ln-1] case lt: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] = btoi(stack[ln-2] < stack[ln-1]) stack = stack[:ln-1] case gt: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] = btoi(stack[ln-2] > stack[ln-1]) stack = stack[:ln-1] case le: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] = btoi(stack[ln-2] <= stack[ln-1]) stack = stack[:ln-1] case ge: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] = btoi(stack[ln-2] >= stack[ln-1]) stack = stack[:ln-1] case eq: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] = btoi(stack[ln-2] == stack[ln-1]) stack = stack[:ln-1] case ne: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] = btoi(stack[ln-2] != stack[ln-1]) stack = stack[:ln-1] case and: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] = btoi(itob(stack[ln-2]) && itob(stack[ln-1])) stack = stack[:ln-1] case or: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] = btoi(itob(stack[ln-2]) || itob(stack[ln-1])) stack = stack[:ln-1] case neg: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-1] = -stack[ln-1] case not: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-1] = btoi(!itob(stack[ln-1])) case jmp: x := int32(binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(object[pc : pc+4])) pc += x case jz: ln := len(stack) v := stack[ln-1] stack = stack[:ln-1] if v != 0 { pc += 4 } else { x := int32(binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(object[pc : pc+4])) pc += x } case prtc: ln := len(stack) fmt.Printf("%c", stack[ln-1]) stack = stack[:ln-1] case prts: ln := len(stack) fmt.Printf("%s", stringPool[stack[ln-1]]) stack = stack[:ln-1] case prti: ln := len(stack) fmt.Printf("%d", stack[ln-1]) stack = stack[:ln-1] case halt: return default: reportError(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown opcode %d\n", op)) } } } func translate(s string) string { var d strings.Builder for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ { if s[i] == '\\' && (i+1) < len(s) { if s[i+1] == 'n' { d.WriteByte('\n') i++ } else if s[i+1] == '\\' { d.WriteByte('\\') i++ } } else { d.WriteByte(s[i]) } } return d.String() } func loadCode() int { var dataSize int firstLine := true for scanner.Scan() { line := strings.TrimRight(scanner.Text(), " \t") if len(line) == 0 { if firstLine { reportError("empty line") } else { break } } lineList := strings.Fields(line) if firstLine { dataSize, err = strconv.Atoi(lineList[1]) check(err) nStrings, err := strconv.Atoi(lineList[3]) check(err) for i := 0; i < nStrings; i++ { scanner.Scan() s := strings.Trim(scanner.Text(), "\"\n") stringPool = append(stringPool, translate(s)) } firstLine = false continue } offset, err := strconv.Atoi(lineList[0]) check(err) instr := lineList[1] opCode, ok := codeMap[instr] if !ok { reportError(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown instruction %s at %d", instr, opCode)) } emitByte(opCode) switch opCode { case jmp, jz: p, err := strconv.Atoi(lineList[3]) check(err) emitWord(p - offset - 1) case push: value, err := strconv.Atoi(lineList[2]) check(err) emitWord(value) case fetch, store: value, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.Trim(lineList[2], "[]")) check(err) emitWord(value) } } check(scanner.Err()) return dataSize } func main() { codeGen, err := os.Open("codegen.txt") check(err) defer codeGen.Close() scanner = bufio.NewScanner(codeGen) runVM(loadCode()) }
Please provide an equivalent version of this Python code in Go.
def run_vm(data_size) int stack[data_size + 1000] set stack[0..data_size - 1] to 0 int pc = 0 while True: op = code[pc] pc += 1 if op == FETCH: stack.append(stack[bytes_to_int(code[pc:pc+word_size])[0]]); pc += word_size elif op == STORE: stack[bytes_to_int(code[pc:pc+word_size])[0]] = stack.pop(); pc += word_size elif op == PUSH: stack.append(bytes_to_int(code[pc:pc+word_size])[0]); pc += word_size elif op == ADD: stack[-2] += stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == SUB: stack[-2] -= stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == MUL: stack[-2] *= stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == DIV: stack[-2] /= stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == MOD: stack[-2] %= stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == LT: stack[-2] = stack[-2] < stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == GT: stack[-2] = stack[-2] > stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == LE: stack[-2] = stack[-2] <= stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == GE: stack[-2] = stack[-2] >= stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == EQ: stack[-2] = stack[-2] == stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == NE: stack[-2] = stack[-2] != stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == AND: stack[-2] = stack[-2] and stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == OR: stack[-2] = stack[-2] or stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == NEG: stack[-1] = -stack[-1] elif op == NOT: stack[-1] = not stack[-1] elif op == JMP: pc += bytes_to_int(code[pc:pc+word_size])[0] elif op == JZ: if stack.pop() then pc += word_size else pc += bytes_to_int(code[pc:pc+word_size])[0] elif op == PRTC: print stack[-1] as a character; stack.pop() elif op == PRTS: print the constant string referred to by stack[-1]; stack.pop() elif op == PRTI: print stack[-1] as an integer; stack.pop() elif op == HALT: break
package main import ( "bufio" "encoding/binary" "fmt" "log" "math" "os" "strconv" "strings" ) type code = byte const ( fetch code = iota store push add sub mul div mod lt gt le ge eq ne and or neg not jmp jz prtc prts prti halt ) var codeMap = map[string]code{ "fetch": fetch, "store": store, "push": push, "add": add, "sub": sub, "mul": mul, "div": div, "mod": mod, "lt": lt, "gt": gt, "le": le, "ge": ge, "eq": eq, "ne": ne, "and": and, "or": or, "neg": neg, "not": not, "jmp": jmp, "jz": jz, "prtc": prtc, "prts": prts, "prti": prti, "halt": halt, } var ( err error scanner *bufio.Scanner object []code stringPool []string ) func reportError(msg string) { log.Fatalf("error : %s\n", msg) } func check(err error) { if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } } func btoi(b bool) int32 { if b { return 1 } return 0 } func itob(i int32) bool { if i != 0 { return true } return false } func emitByte(c code) { object = append(object, c) } func emitWord(n int) { bs := make([]byte, 4) binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32(bs, uint32(n)) for _, b := range bs { emitByte(code(b)) } } func runVM(dataSize int) { stack := make([]int32, dataSize+1) pc := int32(0) for { op := object[pc] pc++ switch op { case fetch: x := int32(binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(object[pc : pc+4])) stack = append(stack, stack[x]) pc += 4 case store: x := int32(binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(object[pc : pc+4])) ln := len(stack) stack[x] = stack[ln-1] stack = stack[:ln-1] pc += 4 case push: x := int32(binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(object[pc : pc+4])) stack = append(stack, x) pc += 4 case add: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] += stack[ln-1] stack = stack[:ln-1] case sub: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] -= stack[ln-1] stack = stack[:ln-1] case mul: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] *= stack[ln-1] stack = stack[:ln-1] case div: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] = int32(float64(stack[ln-2]) / float64(stack[ln-1])) stack = stack[:ln-1] case mod: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] = int32(math.Mod(float64(stack[ln-2]), float64(stack[ln-1]))) stack = stack[:ln-1] case lt: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] = btoi(stack[ln-2] < stack[ln-1]) stack = stack[:ln-1] case gt: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] = btoi(stack[ln-2] > stack[ln-1]) stack = stack[:ln-1] case le: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] = btoi(stack[ln-2] <= stack[ln-1]) stack = stack[:ln-1] case ge: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] = btoi(stack[ln-2] >= stack[ln-1]) stack = stack[:ln-1] case eq: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] = btoi(stack[ln-2] == stack[ln-1]) stack = stack[:ln-1] case ne: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] = btoi(stack[ln-2] != stack[ln-1]) stack = stack[:ln-1] case and: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] = btoi(itob(stack[ln-2]) && itob(stack[ln-1])) stack = stack[:ln-1] case or: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-2] = btoi(itob(stack[ln-2]) || itob(stack[ln-1])) stack = stack[:ln-1] case neg: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-1] = -stack[ln-1] case not: ln := len(stack) stack[ln-1] = btoi(!itob(stack[ln-1])) case jmp: x := int32(binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(object[pc : pc+4])) pc += x case jz: ln := len(stack) v := stack[ln-1] stack = stack[:ln-1] if v != 0 { pc += 4 } else { x := int32(binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(object[pc : pc+4])) pc += x } case prtc: ln := len(stack) fmt.Printf("%c", stack[ln-1]) stack = stack[:ln-1] case prts: ln := len(stack) fmt.Printf("%s", stringPool[stack[ln-1]]) stack = stack[:ln-1] case prti: ln := len(stack) fmt.Printf("%d", stack[ln-1]) stack = stack[:ln-1] case halt: return default: reportError(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown opcode %d\n", op)) } } } func translate(s string) string { var d strings.Builder for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ { if s[i] == '\\' && (i+1) < len(s) { if s[i+1] == 'n' { d.WriteByte('\n') i++ } else if s[i+1] == '\\' { d.WriteByte('\\') i++ } } else { d.WriteByte(s[i]) } } return d.String() } func loadCode() int { var dataSize int firstLine := true for scanner.Scan() { line := strings.TrimRight(scanner.Text(), " \t") if len(line) == 0 { if firstLine { reportError("empty line") } else { break } } lineList := strings.Fields(line) if firstLine { dataSize, err = strconv.Atoi(lineList[1]) check(err) nStrings, err := strconv.Atoi(lineList[3]) check(err) for i := 0; i < nStrings; i++ { scanner.Scan() s := strings.Trim(scanner.Text(), "\"\n") stringPool = append(stringPool, translate(s)) } firstLine = false continue } offset, err := strconv.Atoi(lineList[0]) check(err) instr := lineList[1] opCode, ok := codeMap[instr] if !ok { reportError(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown instruction %s at %d", instr, opCode)) } emitByte(opCode) switch opCode { case jmp, jz: p, err := strconv.Atoi(lineList[3]) check(err) emitWord(p - offset - 1) case push: value, err := strconv.Atoi(lineList[2]) check(err) emitWord(value) case fetch, store: value, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.Trim(lineList[2], "[]")) check(err) emitWord(value) } } check(scanner.Err()) return dataSize } func main() { codeGen, err := os.Open("codegen.txt") check(err) defer codeGen.Close() scanner = bufio.NewScanner(codeGen) runVM(loadCode()) }
Port the provided Python code into Go while preserving the original functionality.
def cubicbezier(self, x0, y0, x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, n=20): pts = [] for i in range(n+1): t = i / n a = (1. - t)**3 b = 3. * t * (1. - t)**2 c = 3.0 * t**2 * (1.0 - t) d = t**3 x = int(a * x0 + b * x1 + c * x2 + d * x3) y = int(a * y0 + b * y1 + c * y2 + d * y3) pts.append( (x, y) ) for i in range(n): self.line(pts[i][0], pts[i][1], pts[i+1][0], pts[i+1][1]) Bitmap.cubicbezier = cubicbezier bitmap = Bitmap(17,17) bitmap.cubicbezier(16,1, 1,4, 3,16, 15,11) bitmap.chardisplay()
package raster const b3Seg = 30 func (b *Bitmap) Bézier3(x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, x4, y4 int, p Pixel) { var px, py [b3Seg + 1]int fx1, fy1 := float64(x1), float64(y1) fx2, fy2 := float64(x2), float64(y2) fx3, fy3 := float64(x3), float64(y3) fx4, fy4 := float64(x4), float64(y4) for i := range px { d := float64(i) / b3Seg a := 1 - d b, c := a * a, d * d a, b, c, d = a*b, 3*b*d, 3*a*c, c*d px[i] = int(a*fx1 + b*fx2 + c*fx3 + d*fx4) py[i] = int(a*fy1 + b*fy2 + c*fy3 + d*fy4) } x0, y0 := px[0], py[0] for i := 1; i <= b3Seg; i++ { x1, y1 := px[i], py[i] b.Line(x0, y0, x1, y1, p) x0, y0 = x1, y1 } } func (b *Bitmap) Bézier3Rgb(x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, x4, y4 int, c Rgb) { b.Bézier3(x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, x4, y4, c.Pixel()) }
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Python to Go.
tutor = False def pancakesort(data): if len(data) <= 1: return data if tutor: print() for size in range(len(data), 1, -1): maxindex = max(range(size), key=data.__getitem__) if maxindex+1 != size: if maxindex != 0: if tutor: print('With: %r doflip %i' % ( ' '.join(str(x) for x in data), maxindex+1 )) data[:maxindex+1] = reversed(data[:maxindex+1]) if tutor: print('With: %r doflip %i' % ( ' '.join(str(x) for x in data), size )) data[:size] = reversed(data[:size]) if tutor: print()
package main import "fmt" func main() { list := pancake{31, 41, 59, 26, 53, 58, 97, 93, 23, 84} fmt.Println("unsorted:", list) list.sort() fmt.Println("sorted! ", list) } type pancake []int func (a pancake) sort() { for uns := len(a) - 1; uns > 0; uns-- { lx, lg := 0, a[0] for i := 1; i <= uns; i++ { if a[i] > lg { lx, lg = i, a[i] } } a.flip(lx) a.flip(uns) } } func (a pancake) flip(r int) { for l := 0; l < r; l, r = l+1, r-1 { a[l], a[r] = a[r], a[l] } }
Produce a language-to-language conversion: from Python to Go, same semantics.
from random import seed,randint from datetime import datetime seed(str(datetime.now())) largeNum = [randint(1,9)] for i in range(1,1000): largeNum.append(randint(0,9)) maxNum,minNum = 0,99999 for i in range(0,994): num = int("".join(map(str,largeNum[i:i+5]))) if num > maxNum: maxNum = num elif num < minNum: minNum = num print("Largest 5-adjacent number found ", maxNum) print("Smallest 5-adjacent number found ", minNum)
package main import ( "fmt" "math/rand" "rcu" "strings" "time" ) func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) var sb strings.Builder for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ { sb.WriteByte(byte(rand.Intn(10) + 48)) } number := sb.String() for i := 99999; i >= 0; i-- { quintet := fmt.Sprintf("%05d", i) if strings.Contains(number, quintet) { ci := rcu.Commatize(i) fmt.Printf("The largest number formed from 5 adjacent digits (%s) is: %6s\n", quintet, ci) break } } for i := 0; i <= 99999; i++ { quintet := fmt.Sprintf("%05d", i) if strings.Contains(number, quintet) { ci := rcu.Commatize(i) fmt.Printf("The smallest number formed from 5 adjacent digits (%s) is: %6s\n", quintet, ci) return } } }
Write the same code in Go as shown below in Python.
def isPrime(n): for i in range(2, int(n**0.5) + 1): if n % i == 0: return False return True def digSum(n, b): s = 0 while n: s += (n % b) n = n // b return s if __name__ == '__main__': for n in range(11, 99): if isPrime(digSum(n**3, 10)) and isPrime(digSum(n**2, 10)): print(n, end = " ")
package main import ( "fmt" "rcu" ) func main() { for i := 1; i < 100; i++ { if !rcu.IsPrime(rcu.DigitSum(i*i, 10)) { continue } if rcu.IsPrime(rcu.DigitSum(i*i*i, 10)) { fmt.Printf("%d ", i) } } fmt.Println() }
Translate this program into Go but keep the logic exactly as in Python.
from numpy import log def sieve_of_Sundaram(nth, print_all=True): assert nth > 0, "nth must be a positive integer" k = int((2.4 * nth * log(nth)) // 2) integers_list = [True] * k for i in range(1, k): j = i while i + j + 2 * i * j < k: integers_list[i + j + 2 * i * j] = False j += 1 pcount = 0 for i in range(1, k + 1): if integers_list[i]: pcount += 1 if print_all: print(f"{2 * i + 1:4}", end=' ') if pcount % 10 == 0: print() if pcount == nth: print(f"\nSundaram primes start with 3. The {nth}th Sundaram prime is {2 * i + 1}.\n") break sieve_of_Sundaram(100, True) sieve_of_Sundaram(1000000, False)
package main import ( "fmt" "math" "rcu" "time" ) func sos(n int) []int { if n < 3 { return []int{} } var primes []int k := (n-3)/2 + 1 marked := make([]bool, k) limit := (int(math.Sqrt(float64(n)))-3)/2 + 1 for i := 0; i < limit; i++ { p := 2*i + 3 s := (p*p - 3) / 2 for j := s; j < k; j += p { marked[j] = true } } for i := 0; i < k; i++ { if !marked[i] { primes = append(primes, 2*i+3) } } return primes } func soe(n int) []int { if n < 3 { return []int{} } var primes []int k := (n-3)/2 + 1 marked := make([]bool, k) limit := (int(math.Sqrt(float64(n)))-3)/2 + 1 for i := 0; i < limit; i++ { if !marked[i] { p := 2*i + 3 s := (p*p - 3) / 2 for j := s; j < k; j += p { marked[j] = true } } } for i := 0; i < k; i++ { if !marked[i] { primes = append(primes, 2*i+3) } } return primes } func main() { const limit = int(16e6) start := time.Now() primes := sos(limit) elapsed := int(time.Since(start).Milliseconds()) climit := rcu.Commatize(limit) celapsed := rcu.Commatize(elapsed) million := rcu.Commatize(1e6) millionth := rcu.Commatize(primes[1e6-1]) fmt.Printf("Using the Sieve of Sundaram generated primes up to %s in %s ms.\n\n", climit, celapsed) fmt.Println("First 100 odd primes generated by the Sieve of Sundaram:") for i, p := range primes[0:100] { fmt.Printf("%3d ", p) if (i+1)%10 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } fmt.Printf("\nThe %s Sundaram prime is %s\n", million, millionth) start = time.Now() primes = soe(limit) elapsed = int(time.Since(start).Milliseconds()) celapsed = rcu.Commatize(elapsed) millionth = rcu.Commatize(primes[1e6-1]) fmt.Printf("\nUsing the Sieve of Eratosthenes would have generated them in %s ms.\n", celapsed) fmt.Printf("\nAs a check, the %s Sundaram prime would again have been %s\n", million, millionth) }
Convert this Python snippet to Go and keep its semantics consistent.
assert 1.008 == molar_mass('H') assert 2.016 == molar_mass('H2') assert 18.015 == molar_mass('H2O') assert 34.014 == molar_mass('H2O2') assert 34.014 == molar_mass('(HO)2') assert 142.036 == molar_mass('Na2SO4') assert 84.162 == molar_mass('C6H12') assert 186.295 == molar_mass('COOH(C(CH3)2)3CH3') assert 176.124 == molar_mass('C6H4O2(OH)4') assert 386.664 == molar_mass('C27H46O') assert 315 == molar_mass('Uue')
package main import ( "fmt" "strconv" "strings" ) var atomicMass = map[string]float64{ "H": 1.008, "He": 4.002602, "Li": 6.94, "Be": 9.0121831, "B": 10.81, "C": 12.011, "N": 14.007, "O": 15.999, "F": 18.998403163, "Ne": 20.1797, "Na": 22.98976928, "Mg": 24.305, "Al": 26.9815385, "Si": 28.085, "P": 30.973761998, "S": 32.06, "Cl": 35.45, "Ar": 39.948, "K": 39.0983, "Ca": 40.078, "Sc": 44.955908, "Ti": 47.867, "V": 50.9415, "Cr": 51.9961, "Mn": 54.938044, "Fe": 55.845, "Co": 58.933194, "Ni": 58.6934, "Cu": 63.546, "Zn": 65.38, "Ga": 69.723, "Ge": 72.630, "As": 74.921595, "Se": 78.971, "Br": 79.904, "Kr": 83.798, "Rb": 85.4678, "Sr": 87.62, "Y": 88.90584, "Zr": 91.224, "Nb": 92.90637, "Mo": 95.95, "Ru": 101.07, "Rh": 102.90550, "Pd": 106.42, "Ag": 107.8682, "Cd": 112.414, "In": 114.818, "Sn": 118.710, "Sb": 121.760, "Te": 127.60, "I": 126.90447, "Xe": 131.293, "Cs": 132.90545196, "Ba": 137.327, "La": 138.90547, "Ce": 140.116, "Pr": 140.90766, "Nd": 144.242, "Pm": 145, "Sm": 150.36, "Eu": 151.964, "Gd": 157.25, "Tb": 158.92535, "Dy": 162.500, "Ho": 164.93033, "Er": 167.259, "Tm": 168.93422, "Yb": 173.054, "Lu": 174.9668, "Hf": 178.49, "Ta": 180.94788, "W": 183.84, "Re": 186.207, "Os": 190.23, "Ir": 192.217, "Pt": 195.084, "Au": 196.966569, "Hg": 200.592, "Tl": 204.38, "Pb": 207.2, "Bi": 208.98040, "Po": 209, "At": 210, "Rn": 222, "Fr": 223, "Ra": 226, "Ac": 227, "Th": 232.0377, "Pa": 231.03588, "U": 238.02891, "Np": 237, "Pu": 244, "Am": 243, "Cm": 247, "Bk": 247, "Cf": 251, "Es": 252, "Fm": 257, "Uue": 315, "Ubn": 299, } func replaceParens(s string) string { var letter byte = 'a' for { start := strings.IndexByte(s, '(') if start == -1 { break } restart: for i := start + 1; i < len(s); i++ { if s[i] == ')' { expr := s[start+1 : i] symbol := fmt.Sprintf("@%c", letter) s = strings.Replace(s, s[start:i+1], symbol, 1) atomicMass[symbol] = evaluate(expr) letter++ break } if s[i] == '(' { start = i goto restart } } } return s } func evaluate(s string) float64 { s += string('[') var symbol, number string sum := 0.0 for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ { c := s[i] switch { case c >= '@' && c <= '[': n := 1 if number != "" { n, _ = strconv.Atoi(number) } if symbol != "" { sum += atomicMass[symbol] * float64(n) } if c == '[' { break } symbol = string(c) number = "" case c >= 'a' && c <= 'z': symbol += string(c) case c >= '0' && c <= '9': number += string(c) default: panic(fmt.Sprintf("Unexpected symbol %c in molecule", c)) } } return sum } func main() { molecules := []string{ "H", "H2", "H2O", "H2O2", "(HO)2", "Na2SO4", "C6H12", "COOH(C(CH3)2)3CH3", "C6H4O2(OH)4", "C27H46O", "Uue", } for _, molecule := range molecules { mass := evaluate(replaceParens(molecule)) fmt.Printf("%17s -> %7.3f\n", molecule, mass) } }
Generate an equivalent Go version of this Python code.
import ldap l = ldap.initialize("ldap://ldap.example.com") try: l.protocol_version = ldap.VERSION3 l.set_option(ldap.OPT_REFERRALS, 0) bind = l.simple_bind_s("me@example.com", "password") finally: l.unbind()
package main import ( "log" "github.com/jtblin/go-ldap-client" ) func main() { client := &ldap.LDAPClient{ Base: "dc=example,dc=com", Host: "ldap.example.com", Port: 389, UseSSL: false, BindDN: "uid=readonlyuser,ou=People,dc=example,dc=com", BindPassword: "readonlypassword", UserFilter: "(uid=%s)", GroupFilter: "(memberUid=%s)", Attributes: []string{"givenName", "sn", "mail", "uid"}, } defer client.Close() err := client.Connect() if err != nil { log.Fatalf("Failed to connect : %+v", err) } }
Maintain the same structure and functionality when rewriting this code in Go.
from itertools import dropwhile, takewhile def nnPeers(n): def p(x): return n == x def go(xs): fromFirstMatch = list(dropwhile( lambda v: not p(v), xs )) ns = list(takewhile(p, fromFirstMatch)) rest = fromFirstMatch[len(ns):] return p(len(ns)) and ( not any(p(x) for x in rest) ) return go def main(): print( '\n'.join([ f'{xs} -> {nnPeers(3)(xs)}' for xs in [ [9, 3, 3, 3, 2, 1, 7, 8, 5], [5, 2, 9, 3, 3, 7, 8, 4, 1], [1, 4, 3, 6, 7, 3, 8, 3, 2], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9], [4, 6, 8, 7, 2, 3, 3, 3, 1] ] ]) ) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
package main import "fmt" func main() { lists := [][]int{ {9, 3, 3, 3, 2, 1, 7, 8, 5}, {5, 2, 9, 3, 3, 7, 8, 4, 1}, {1, 4, 3, 6, 7, 3, 8, 3, 2}, {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}, {4, 6, 8, 7, 2, 3, 3, 3, 1}, {3, 3, 3, 1, 2, 4, 5, 1, 3}, {0, 3, 3, 3, 3, 7, 2, 2, 6}, {3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4}, } for d := 1; d <= 4; d++ { fmt.Printf("Exactly %d adjacent %d's:\n", d, d) for _, list := range lists { var indices []int for i, e := range list { if e == d { indices = append(indices, i) } } adjacent := false if len(indices) == d { adjacent = true for i := 1; i < len(indices); i++ { if indices[i]-indices[i-1] != 1 { adjacent = false break } } } fmt.Printf("%v -> %t\n", list, adjacent) } fmt.Println() } }
Change the following Python code into Go without altering its purpose.
from operator import itemgetter DEBUG = False def spermutations(n): sign = 1 p = [[i, 0 if i == 0 else -1] for i in range(n)] if DEBUG: print ' yield tuple(pp[0] for pp in p), sign while any(pp[1] for pp in p): i1, (n1, d1) = max(((i, pp) for i, pp in enumerate(p) if pp[1]), key=itemgetter(1)) sign *= -1 if d1 == -1: i2 = i1 - 1 p[i1], p[i2] = p[i2], p[i1] if i2 == 0 or p[i2 - 1][0] > n1: p[i2][1] = 0 elif d1 == 1: i2 = i1 + 1 p[i1], p[i2] = p[i2], p[i1] if i2 == n - 1 or p[i2 + 1][0] > n1: p[i2][1] = 0 if DEBUG: print ' yield tuple(pp[0] for pp in p), sign for i3, pp in enumerate(p): n3, d3 = pp if n3 > n1: pp[1] = 1 if i3 < i2 else -1 if DEBUG: print ' if __name__ == '__main__': from itertools import permutations for n in (3, 4): print '\nPermutations and sign of %i items' % n sp = set() for i in spermutations(n): sp.add(i[0]) print('Perm: %r Sign: %2i' % i) p = set(permutations(range(n))) assert sp == p, 'Two methods of generating permutations do not agree'
package permute func Iter(p []int) func() int { f := pf(len(p)) return func() int { return f(p) } } func pf(n int) func([]int) int { sign := 1 switch n { case 0, 1: return func([]int) (s int) { s = sign sign = 0 return } default: p0 := pf(n - 1) i := n var d int return func(p []int) int { switch { case sign == 0: case i == n: i-- sign = p0(p[:i]) d = -1 case i == 0: i++ sign *= p0(p[1:]) d = 1 if sign == 0 { p[0], p[1] = p[1], p[0] } default: p[i], p[i-1] = p[i-1], p[i] sign = -sign i += d } return sign } } }
Rewrite this program in Go while keeping its functionality equivalent to the Python version.
from itertools import count, islice def a131382(): return ( elemIndex(x)( productDigitSums(x) ) for x in count(1) ) def productDigitSums(n): return (digitSum(n * x) for x in count(0)) def main(): print( table(10)([ str(x) for x in islice( a131382(), 40 ) ]) ) def chunksOf(n): def go(xs): return ( xs[i:n + i] for i in range(0, len(xs), n) ) if 0 < n else None return go def digitSum(n): return sum(int(x) for x in list(str(n))) def elemIndex(x): def go(xs): try: return next( i for i, v in enumerate(xs) if x == v ) except StopIteration: return None return go def table(n): def go(xs): w = len(xs[-1]) return '\n'.join( ' '.join(row) for row in chunksOf(n)([ s.rjust(w, ' ') for s in xs ]) ) return go if __name__ == '__main__': main()
package main import "rcu" func main() { var res []int for n := 1; n <= 70; n++ { m := 1 for rcu.DigitSum(m*n, 10) != n { m++ } res = append(res, m) } rcu.PrintTable(res, 7, 10, true) }
Rewrite the snippet below in Go so it works the same as the original Python code.
def quad(top=2200): r = [False] * top ab = [False] * (top * 2)**2 for a in range(1, top): for b in range(a, top): ab[a * a + b * b] = True s = 3 for c in range(1, top): s1, s, s2 = s, s + 2, s + 2 for d in range(c + 1, top): if ab[s1]: r[d] = True s1 += s2 s2 += 2 return [i for i, val in enumerate(r) if not val and i] if __name__ == '__main__': n = 2200 print(f"Those values of d in 1..{n} that can't be represented: {quad(n)}")
package main import "fmt" const ( N = 2200 N2 = N * N * 2 ) func main() { s := 3 var s1, s2 int var r [N + 1]bool var ab [N2 + 1]bool for a := 1; a <= N; a++ { a2 := a * a for b := a; b <= N; b++ { ab[a2 + b * b] = true } } for c := 1; c <= N; c++ { s1 = s s += 2 s2 = s for d := c + 1; d <= N; d++ { if ab[s1] { r[d] = true } s1 += s2 s2 += 2 } } for d := 1; d <= N; d++ { if !r[d] { fmt.Printf("%d ", d) } } fmt.Println() }
Write a version of this Python function in Go with identical behavior.
MULTIPLICATION_TABLE = [ (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9), (1, 2, 3, 4, 0, 6, 7, 8, 9, 5), (2, 3, 4, 0, 1, 7, 8, 9, 5, 6), (3, 4, 0, 1, 2, 8, 9, 5, 6, 7), (4, 0, 1, 2, 3, 9, 5, 6, 7, 8), (5, 9, 8, 7, 6, 0, 4, 3, 2, 1), (6, 5, 9, 8, 7, 1, 0, 4, 3, 2), (7, 6, 5, 9, 8, 2, 1, 0, 4, 3), (8, 7, 6, 5, 9, 3, 2, 1, 0, 4), (9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0), ] INV = (0, 4, 3, 2, 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) PERMUTATION_TABLE = [ (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9), (1, 5, 7, 6, 2, 8, 3, 0, 9, 4), (5, 8, 0, 3, 7, 9, 6, 1, 4, 2), (8, 9, 1, 6, 0, 4, 3, 5, 2, 7), (9, 4, 5, 3, 1, 2, 6, 8, 7, 0), (4, 2, 8, 6, 5, 7, 3, 9, 0, 1), (2, 7, 9, 3, 8, 0, 6, 4, 1, 5), (7, 0, 4, 6, 9, 1, 3, 2, 5, 8), ] def verhoeffchecksum(n, validate=True, terse=True, verbose=False): if verbose: print(f"\n{'Validation' if validate else 'Check digit'}",\ f"calculations for {n}:\n\n i nᵢ p[i,nᵢ] c\n------------------") c, dig = 0, list(str(n if validate else 10 * n)) for i, ni in enumerate(dig[::-1]): p = PERMUTATION_TABLE[i % 8][int(ni)] c = MULTIPLICATION_TABLE[c][p] if verbose: print(f"{i:2} {ni} {p} {c}") if verbose and not validate: print(f"\ninv({c}) = {INV[c]}") if not terse: print(f"\nThe validation for '{n}' is {'correct' if c == 0 else 'incorrect'}."\ if validate else f"\nThe check digit for '{n}' is {INV[c]}.") return c == 0 if validate else INV[c] if __name__ == '__main__': for n, va, t, ve in [ (236, False, False, True), (2363, True, False, True), (2369, True, False, True), (12345, False, False, True), (123451, True, False, True), (123459, True, False, True), (123456789012, False, False, False), (1234567890120, True, False, False), (1234567890129, True, False, False)]: verhoeffchecksum(n, va, t, ve)
package main import "fmt" var d = [][]int{ {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}, {1, 2, 3, 4, 0, 6, 7, 8, 9, 5}, {2, 3, 4, 0, 1, 7, 8, 9, 5, 6}, {3, 4, 0, 1, 2, 8, 9, 5, 6, 7}, {4, 0, 1, 2, 3, 9, 5, 6, 7, 8}, {5, 9, 8, 7, 6, 0, 4, 3, 2, 1}, {6, 5, 9, 8, 7, 1, 0, 4, 3, 2}, {7, 6, 5, 9, 8, 2, 1, 0, 4, 3}, {8, 7, 6, 5, 9, 3, 2, 1, 0, 4}, {9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0}, } var inv = []int{0, 4, 3, 2, 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} var p = [][]int{ {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}, {1, 5, 7, 6, 2, 8, 3, 0, 9, 4}, {5, 8, 0, 3, 7, 9, 6, 1, 4, 2}, {8, 9, 1, 6, 0, 4, 3, 5, 2, 7}, {9, 4, 5, 3, 1, 2, 6, 8, 7, 0}, {4, 2, 8, 6, 5, 7, 3, 9, 0, 1}, {2, 7, 9, 3, 8, 0, 6, 4, 1, 5}, {7, 0, 4, 6, 9, 1, 3, 2, 5, 8}, } func verhoeff(s string, validate, table bool) interface{} { if table { t := "Check digit" if validate { t = "Validation" } fmt.Printf("%s calculations for '%s':\n\n", t, s) fmt.Println(" i nᵢ p[i,nᵢ] c") fmt.Println("------------------") } if !validate { s = s + "0" } c := 0 le := len(s) - 1 for i := le; i >= 0; i-- { ni := int(s[i] - 48) pi := p[(le-i)%8][ni] c = d[c][pi] if table { fmt.Printf("%2d %d %d %d\n", le-i, ni, pi, c) } } if table && !validate { fmt.Printf("\ninv[%d] = %d\n", c, inv[c]) } if !validate { return inv[c] } return c == 0 } func main() { ss := []string{"236", "12345", "123456789012"} ts := []bool{true, true, false, true} for i, s := range ss { c := verhoeff(s, false, ts[i]).(int) fmt.Printf("\nThe check digit for '%s' is '%d'\n\n", s, c) for _, sc := range []string{s + string(c+48), s + "9"} { v := verhoeff(sc, true, ts[i]).(bool) ans := "correct" if !v { ans = "incorrect" } fmt.Printf("\nThe validation for '%s' is %s\n\n", sc, ans) } } }
Write the same code in Go as shown below in Python.
print("working...") print("Steady squares under 10.000 are:") limit = 10000 for n in range(1,limit): nstr = str(n) nlen = len(nstr) square = str(pow(n,2)) rn = square[-nlen:] if nstr == rn: print(str(n) + " " + str(square)) print("done...")
package main import ( "fmt" "rcu" "strconv" "strings" ) func contains(list []int, s int) bool { for _, e := range list { if e == s { return true } } return false } func main() { fmt.Println("Steady squares under 10,000:") finalDigits := []int{1, 5, 6} for i := 1; i < 10000; i++ { if !contains(finalDigits, i%10) { continue } sq := i * i sqs := strconv.Itoa(sq) is := strconv.Itoa(i) if strings.HasSuffix(sqs, is) { fmt.Printf("%5s -> %10s\n", rcu.Commatize(i), rcu.Commatize(sq)) } } }
Convert this Python block to Go, preserving its control flow and logic.
def reverse(n, base): r = 0 while n > 0: r = r*base + n%base n = n//base return r def palindrome(n, base): return n == reverse(n, base) cnt = 0 for i in range(25000): if all(palindrome(i, base) for base in (2,4,16)): cnt += 1 print("{:5}".format(i), end=" \n"[cnt % 12 == 0]) print()
package main import ( "fmt" "rcu" "strconv" ) func reverse(s string) string { chars := []rune(s) for i, j := 0, len(chars)-1; i < j; i, j = i+1, j-1 { chars[i], chars[j] = chars[j], chars[i] } return string(chars) } func main() { fmt.Println("Numbers under 25,000 in base 10 which are palindromic in bases 2, 4 and 16:") var numbers []int for i := int64(0); i < 25000; i++ { b2 := strconv.FormatInt(i, 2) if b2 == reverse(b2) { b4 := strconv.FormatInt(i, 4) if b4 == reverse(b4) { b16 := strconv.FormatInt(i, 16) if b16 == reverse(b16) { numbers = append(numbers, int(i)) } } } } for i, n := range numbers { fmt.Printf("%6s ", rcu.Commatize(n)) if (i+1)%10 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } fmt.Println("\n\nFound", len(numbers), "such numbers.") }
Please provide an equivalent version of this Python code in Go.
from numpy import mean from random import sample def gen_long_stairs(start_step, start_length, climber_steps, add_steps): secs, behind, total = 0, start_step, start_length while True: behind += climber_steps behind += sum([behind > n for n in sample(range(total), add_steps)]) total += add_steps secs += 1 yield (secs, behind, total) ls = gen_long_stairs(1, 100, 1, 5) print("Seconds Behind Ahead\n----------------------") while True: secs, pos, len = next(ls) if 600 <= secs < 610: print(secs, " ", pos, " ", len - pos) elif secs == 610: break print("\nTen thousand trials to top:") times, heights = [], [] for trial in range(10_000): trialstairs = gen_long_stairs(1, 100, 1, 5) while True: sec, step, height = next(trialstairs) if step >= height: times.append(sec) heights.append(height) break print("Mean time:", mean(times), "secs. Mean height:", mean(heights))
package main import ( "fmt" "math/rand" "time" ) func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) totalSecs := 0 totalSteps := 0 fmt.Println("Seconds steps behind steps ahead") fmt.Println("------- ------------ -----------") for trial := 1; trial < 10000; trial++ { sbeh := 0 slen := 100 secs := 0 for sbeh < slen { sbeh++ for wiz := 1; wiz < 6; wiz++ { if rand.Intn(slen) < sbeh { sbeh++ } slen++ } secs++ if trial == 1 && secs > 599 && secs < 610 { fmt.Printf("%d %d %d\n", secs, sbeh, slen-sbeh) } } totalSecs += secs totalSteps += slen } fmt.Println("\nAverage secs taken:", float64(totalSecs)/10000) fmt.Println("Average final length of staircase:", float64(totalSteps)/10000) }
Convert this Python snippet to Go and keep its semantics consistent.
import curses from random import randint stdscr = curses.initscr() for rows in range(10): line = ''.join([chr(randint(41, 90)) for i in range(10)]) stdscr.addstr(line + '\n') icol = 3 - 1 irow = 6 - 1 ch = stdscr.instr(irow, icol, 1).decode(encoding="utf-8") stdscr.move(irow, icol + 10) stdscr.addstr('Character at column 3, row 6 = ' + ch + '\n') stdscr.getch() curses.endwin()
package main import "C" import "fmt" func main() { for i := 0; i < 80*25; i++ { fmt.Print("A") } fmt.Println() conOut := C.GetStdHandle(C.STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE) info := C.CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO{} pos := C.COORD{} C.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(conOut, &info) pos.X = info.srWindow.Left + 3 pos.Y = info.srWindow.Top + 6 var c C.wchar_t var le C.ulong ret := C.ReadConsoleOutputCharacterW(conOut, &c, 1, pos, &le) if ret == 0 || le <= 0 { fmt.Println("Something went wrong!") return } fmt.Printf("The character at column 3, row 6 is '%c'\n", c) }
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Python to Go.
seed = 675248 def random(): global seed seed = int(str(seed ** 2).zfill(12)[3:9]) return seed for _ in range(5): print(random())
package main import "fmt" func random(seed int) int { return seed * seed / 1e3 % 1e6 } func main() { seed := 675248 for i := 1; i <= 5; i++ { seed = random(seed) fmt.Println(seed) } }
Translate the given Python code snippet into Go without altering its behavior.
seed = 675248 def random(): global seed seed = int(str(seed ** 2).zfill(12)[3:9]) return seed for _ in range(5): print(random())
package main import "fmt" func random(seed int) int { return seed * seed / 1e3 % 1e6 } func main() { seed := 675248 for i := 1; i <= 5; i++ { seed = random(seed) fmt.Println(seed) } }
Generate a Go translation of this Python snippet without changing its computational steps.
import re import string DISABLED_PREFIX = ';' class Option(object): def __init__(self, name, value=None, disabled=False, disabled_prefix=DISABLED_PREFIX): self.name = str(name) self.value = value self.disabled = bool(disabled) self.disabled_prefix = disabled_prefix def __str__(self): disabled = ('', '%s ' % self.disabled_prefix)[self.disabled] value = (' %s' % self.value, '')[self.value is None] return ''.join((disabled, self.name, value)) def get(self): enabled = not bool(self.disabled) if self.value is None: value = enabled else: value = enabled and self.value return value class Config(object): reOPTION = r'^\s*(?P<disabled>%s*)\s*(?P<name>\w+)(?:\s+(?P<value>.+?))?\s*$' def __init__(self, fname=None, disabled_prefix=DISABLED_PREFIX): self.disabled_prefix = disabled_prefix self.contents = [] self.options = {} self.creOPTION = re.compile(self.reOPTION % self.disabled_prefix) if fname: self.parse_file(fname) def __str__(self): return '\n'.join(map(str, self.contents)) def parse_file(self, fname): with open(fname) as f: self.parse_lines(f) return self def parse_lines(self, lines): for line in lines: self.parse_line(line) return self def parse_line(self, line): s = ''.join(c for c in line.strip() if c in string.printable) moOPTION = self.creOPTION.match(s) if moOPTION: name = moOPTION.group('name').upper() if not name in self.options: self.add_option(name, moOPTION.group('value'), moOPTION.group('disabled')) else: if not s.startswith(self.disabled_prefix): self.contents.append(line.rstrip()) return self def add_option(self, name, value=None, disabled=False): name = name.upper() opt = Option(name, value, disabled) self.options[name] = opt self.contents.append(opt) return opt def set_option(self, name, value=None, disabled=False): name = name.upper() opt = self.options.get(name) if opt: opt.value = value opt.disabled = disabled else: opt = self.add_option(name, value, disabled) return opt def enable_option(self, name, value=None): return self.set_option(name, value, False) def disable_option(self, name, value=None): return self.set_option(name, value, True) def get_option(self, name): opt = self.options.get(name.upper()) value = opt.get() if opt else None return value if __name__ == '__main__': import sys cfg = Config(sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else None) cfg.disable_option('needspeeling') cfg.enable_option('seedsremoved') cfg.enable_option('numberofbananas', 1024) cfg.enable_option('numberofstrawberries', 62000) print cfg
package main import ( "bufio" "fmt" "io" "log" "os" "strings" "unicode" ) type line struct { kind lineKind option string value string disabled bool } type lineKind int const ( _ lineKind = iota ignore parseError comment blank value ) func (l line) String() string { switch l.kind { case ignore, parseError, comment, blank: return l.value case value: s := l.option if l.disabled { s = "; " + s } if l.value != "" { s += " " + l.value } return s } panic("unexpected line kind") } func removeDross(s string) string { return strings.Map(func(r rune) rune { if r < 32 || r > 0x7f || unicode.IsControl(r) { return -1 } return r }, s) } func parseLine(s string) line { if s == "" { return line{kind: blank} } if s[0] == '#' { return line{kind: comment, value: s} } s = removeDross(s) fields := strings.Fields(s) if len(fields) == 0 { return line{kind: blank} } semi := false for len(fields[0]) > 0 && fields[0][0] == ';' { semi = true fields[0] = fields[0][1:] } if fields[0] == "" { fields = fields[1:] } switch len(fields) { case 0: return line{kind: ignore} case 1: return line{ kind: value, option: strings.ToUpper(fields[0]), disabled: semi, } case 2: return line{ kind: value, option: strings.ToUpper(fields[0]), value: fields[1], disabled: semi, } } return line{kind: parseError, value: s} } type Config struct { options map[string]int lines []line } func (c *Config) index(option string) int { if i, ok := c.options[option]; ok { return i } return -1 } func (c *Config) addLine(l line) { switch l.kind { case ignore: return case value: if c.index(l.option) >= 0 { return } c.options[l.option] = len(c.lines) c.lines = append(c.lines, l) default: c.lines = append(c.lines, l) } } func ReadConfig(path string) (*Config, error) { f, err := os.Open(path) if err != nil { return nil, err } defer f.Close() r := bufio.NewReader(f) c := &Config{options: make(map[string]int)} for { s, err := r.ReadString('\n') if s != "" { if err == nil { s = s[:len(s)-1] } c.addLine(parseLine(s)) } if err == io.EOF { break } if err != nil { return nil, err } } return c, nil } func (c *Config) Set(option string, val string) { if i := c.index(option); i >= 0 { line := &c.lines[i] line.disabled = false line.value = val return } c.addLine(line{ kind: value, option: option, value: val, }) } func (c *Config) Enable(option string, enabled bool) { if i := c.index(option); i >= 0 { c.lines[i].disabled = !enabled } } func (c *Config) Write(w io.Writer) { for _, line := range c.lines { fmt.Println(line) } } func main() { c, err := ReadConfig("/tmp/cfg") if err != nil { log.Fatalln(err) } c.Enable("NEEDSPEELING", false) c.Set("SEEDSREMOVED", "") c.Set("NUMBEROFBANANAS", "1024") c.Set("NUMBEROFSTRAWBERRIES", "62000") c.Write(os.Stdout) }
Produce a functionally identical Go code for the snippet given in Python.
from PIL import Image, ImageFilter if __name__=="__main__": im = Image.open("test.jpg") kernelValues = [-2,-1,0,-1,1,1,0,1,2] kernel = ImageFilter.Kernel((3,3), kernelValues) im2 = im.filter(kernel) im2.show()
package main import ( "fmt" "image" "image/color" "image/jpeg" "math" "os" ) func kf3(k *[9]float64, src, dst *image.Gray) { for y := src.Rect.Min.Y; y < src.Rect.Max.Y; y++ { for x := src.Rect.Min.X; x < src.Rect.Max.X; x++ { var sum float64 var i int for yo := y - 1; yo <= y+1; yo++ { for xo := x - 1; xo <= x+1; xo++ { if (image.Point{xo, yo}).In(src.Rect) { sum += k[i] * float64(src.At(xo, yo).(color.Gray).Y) } else { sum += k[i] * float64(src.At(x, y).(color.Gray).Y) } i++ } } dst.SetGray(x, y, color.Gray{uint8(math.Min(255, math.Max(0, sum)))}) } } } var blur = [9]float64{ 1. / 9, 1. / 9, 1. / 9, 1. / 9, 1. / 9, 1. / 9, 1. / 9, 1. / 9, 1. / 9} func blurY(src *image.YCbCr) *image.YCbCr { dst := *src if src.Rect.Max.X == src.Rect.Min.X || src.Rect.Max.Y == src.Rect.Min.Y { return &dst } srcGray := image.Gray{src.Y, src.YStride, src.Rect} dstGray := srcGray dstGray.Pix = make([]uint8, len(src.Y)) kf3(&blur, &srcGray, &dstGray) dst.Y = dstGray.Pix dst.Cb = append([]uint8{}, src.Cb...) dst.Cr = append([]uint8{}, src.Cr...) return &dst } func main() { f, err := os.Open("Lenna100.jpg") if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) return } img, err := jpeg.Decode(f) if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) return } f.Close() y, ok := img.(*image.YCbCr) if !ok { fmt.Println("expected color jpeg") return } f, err = os.Create("blur.jpg") if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) return } err = jpeg.Encode(f, blurY(y), &jpeg.Options{90}) if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) } }
Maintain the same structure and functionality when rewriting this code in Go.
import numpy import pprint h = [ [[-6, -8, -5, 9], [-7, 9, -6, -8], [2, -7, 9, 8]], [[7, 4, 4, -6], [9, 9, 4, -4], [-3, 7, -2, -3]]] f = [ [[-9, 5, -8], [3, 5, 1]], [[-1, -7, 2], [-5, -6, 6]], [[8, 5, 8],[-2, -6, -4]]] g = [ [ [54, 42, 53, -42, 85, -72], [45, -170, 94, -36, 48, 73], [-39, 65, -112, -16, -78, -72], [6, -11, -6, 62, 49, 8]], [ [-57, 49, -23, 52, -135, 66], [-23, 127, -58, -5, -118, 64], [87, -16, 121, 23, -41, -12], [-19, 29, 35, -148, -11, 45]], [ [-55, -147, -146, -31, 55, 60], [-88, -45, -28, 46, -26, -144], [-12, -107, -34, 150, 249, 66], [11, -15, -34, 27, -78, -50]], [ [56, 67, 108, 4, 2, -48], [58, 67, 89, 32, 32, -8], [-42, -31, -103, -30, -23, -8], [6, 4, -26, -10, 26, 12]]] def trim_zero_empty(x): if len(x) > 0: if type(x[0]) != numpy.ndarray: return list(numpy.trim_zeros(x)) else: new_x = [] for l in x: tl = trim_zero_empty(l) if len(tl) > 0: new_x.append(tl) return new_x else: return x def deconv(a, b): ffta = numpy.fft.fftn(a) ashape = numpy.shape(a) fftb = numpy.fft.fftn(b,ashape) fftquotient = ffta / fftb c = numpy.fft.ifftn(fftquotient) trimmedc = numpy.around(numpy.real(c),decimals=6) cleanc = trim_zero_empty(trimmedc) return cleanc print("deconv(g,h)=") pprint.pprint(deconv(g,h)) print(" ") print("deconv(g,f)=") pprint.pprint(deconv(g,f))
package main import ( "fmt" "math" "math/cmplx" ) func fft(buf []complex128, n int) { out := make([]complex128, n) copy(out, buf) fft2(buf, out, n, 1) } func fft2(buf, out []complex128, n, step int) { if step < n { fft2(out, buf, n, step*2) fft2(out[step:], buf[step:], n, step*2) for j := 0; j < n; j += 2 * step { fj, fn := float64(j), float64(n) t := cmplx.Exp(-1i*complex(math.Pi, 0)*complex(fj, 0)/complex(fn, 0)) * out[j+step] buf[j/2] = out[j] + t buf[(j+n)/2] = out[j] - t } } } func padTwo(g []float64, le int, ns *int) []complex128 { n := 1 if *ns != 0 { n = *ns } else { for n < le { n *= 2 } } buf := make([]complex128, n) for i := 0; i < le; i++ { buf[i] = complex(g[i], 0) } *ns = n return buf } func deconv(g []float64, lg int, f []float64, lf int, out []float64, rowLe int) { ns := 0 g2 := padTwo(g, lg, &ns) f2 := padTwo(f, lf, &ns) fft(g2, ns) fft(f2, ns) h := make([]complex128, ns) for i := 0; i < ns; i++ { h[i] = g2[i] / f2[i] } fft(h, ns) for i := 0; i < ns; i++ { if math.Abs(real(h[i])) < 1e-10 { h[i] = 0 } } for i := 0; i > lf-lg-rowLe; i-- { out[-i] = real(h[(i+ns)%ns] / 32) } } func unpack2(m [][]float64, rows, le, toLe int) []float64 { buf := make([]float64, rows*toLe) for i := 0; i < rows; i++ { for j := 0; j < le; j++ { buf[i*toLe+j] = m[i][j] } } return buf } func pack2(buf []float64, rows, fromLe, toLe int, out [][]float64) { for i := 0; i < rows; i++ { for j := 0; j < toLe; j++ { out[i][j] = buf[i*fromLe+j] / 4 } } } func deconv2(g [][]float64, rowG, colG int, f [][]float64, rowF, colF int, out [][]float64) { g2 := unpack2(g, rowG, colG, colG) f2 := unpack2(f, rowF, colF, colG) ff := make([]float64, (rowG-rowF+1)*colG) deconv(g2, rowG*colG, f2, rowF*colG, ff, colG) pack2(ff, rowG-rowF+1, colG, colG-colF+1, out) } func unpack3(m [][][]float64, x, y, z, toY, toZ int) []float64 { buf := make([]float64, x*toY*toZ) for i := 0; i < x; i++ { for j := 0; j < y; j++ { for k := 0; k < z; k++ { buf[(i*toY+j)*toZ+k] = m[i][j][k] } } } return buf } func pack3(buf []float64, x, y, z, toY, toZ int, out [][][]float64) { for i := 0; i < x; i++ { for j := 0; j < toY; j++ { for k := 0; k < toZ; k++ { out[i][j][k] = buf[(i*y+j)*z+k] / 4 } } } } func deconv3(g [][][]float64, gx, gy, gz int, f [][][]float64, fx, fy, fz int, out [][][]float64) { g2 := unpack3(g, gx, gy, gz, gy, gz) f2 := unpack3(f, fx, fy, fz, gy, gz) ff := make([]float64, (gx-fx+1)*gy*gz) deconv(g2, gx*gy*gz, f2, fx*gy*gz, ff, gy*gz) pack3(ff, gx-fx+1, gy, gz, gy-fy+1, gz-fz+1, out) } func main() { f := [][][]float64{ {{-9, 5, -8}, {3, 5, 1}}, {{-1, -7, 2}, {-5, -6, 6}}, {{8, 5, 8}, {-2, -6, -4}}, } fx, fy, fz := len(f), len(f[0]), len(f[0][0]) g := [][][]float64{ {{54, 42, 53, -42, 85, -72}, {45, -170, 94, -36, 48, 73}, {-39, 65, -112, -16, -78, -72}, {6, -11, -6, 62, 49, 8}}, {{-57, 49, -23, 52, -135, 66}, {-23, 127, -58, -5, -118, 64}, {87, -16, 121, 23, -41, -12}, {-19, 29, 35, -148, -11, 45}}, {{-55, -147, -146, -31, 55, 60}, {-88, -45, -28, 46, -26, -144}, {-12, -107, -34, 150, 249, 66}, {11, -15, -34, 27, -78, -50}}, {{56, 67, 108, 4, 2, -48}, {58, 67, 89, 32, 32, -8}, {-42, -31, -103, -30, -23, -8}, {6, 4, -26, -10, 26, 12}, }, } gx, gy, gz := len(g), len(g[0]), len(g[0][0]) h := [][][]float64{ {{-6, -8, -5, 9}, {-7, 9, -6, -8}, {2, -7, 9, 8}}, {{7, 4, 4, -6}, {9, 9, 4, -4}, {-3, 7, -2, -3}}, } hx, hy, hz := gx-fx+1, gy-fy+1, gz-fz+1 h2 := make([][][]float64, hx) for i := 0; i < hx; i++ { h2[i] = make([][]float64, hy) for j := 0; j < hy; j++ { h2[i][j] = make([]float64, hz) } } deconv3(g, gx, gy, gz, f, fx, fy, fz, h2) fmt.Println("deconv3(g, f):\n") for i := 0; i < hx; i++ { for j := 0; j < hy; j++ { for k := 0; k < hz; k++ { fmt.Printf("% .10g ", h2[i][j][k]) } fmt.Println() } if i < hx-1 { fmt.Println() } } kx, ky, kz := gx-hx+1, gy-hy+1, gz-hz+1 f2 := make([][][]float64, kx) for i := 0; i < kx; i++ { f2[i] = make([][]float64, ky) for j := 0; j < ky; j++ { f2[i][j] = make([]float64, kz) } } deconv3(g, gx, gy, gz, h, hx, hy, hz, f2) fmt.Println("\ndeconv(g, h):\n") for i := 0; i < kx; i++ { for j := 0; j < ky; j++ { for k := 0; k < kz; k++ { fmt.Printf("% .10g ", f2[i][j][k]) } fmt.Println() } if i < kx-1 { fmt.Println() } } }
Write the same algorithm in Go as shown in this Python implementation.
from itertools import product def gen_dict(n_faces, n_dice): counts = [0] * ((n_faces + 1) * n_dice) for t in product(range(1, n_faces + 1), repeat=n_dice): counts[sum(t)] += 1 return counts, n_faces ** n_dice def beating_probability(n_sides1, n_dice1, n_sides2, n_dice2): c1, p1 = gen_dict(n_sides1, n_dice1) c2, p2 = gen_dict(n_sides2, n_dice2) p12 = float(p1 * p2) return sum(p[1] * q[1] / p12 for p, q in product(enumerate(c1), enumerate(c2)) if p[0] > q[0]) print beating_probability(4, 9, 6, 6) print beating_probability(10, 5, 7, 6)
package main import( "math" "fmt" ) func minOf(x, y uint) uint { if x < y { return x } return y } func throwDie(nSides, nDice, s uint, counts []uint) { if nDice == 0 { counts[s]++ return } for i := uint(1); i <= nSides; i++ { throwDie(nSides, nDice - 1, s + i, counts) } } func beatingProbability(nSides1, nDice1, nSides2, nDice2 uint) float64 { len1 := (nSides1 + 1) * nDice1 c1 := make([]uint, len1) throwDie(nSides1, nDice1, 0, c1) len2 := (nSides2 + 1) * nDice2 c2 := make([]uint, len2) throwDie(nSides2, nDice2, 0, c2) p12 := math.Pow(float64(nSides1), float64(nDice1)) * math.Pow(float64(nSides2), float64(nDice2)) tot := 0.0 for i := uint(0); i < len1; i++ { for j := uint(0); j < minOf(i, len2); j++ { tot += float64(c1[i] * c2[j]) / p12 } } return tot } func main() { fmt.Println(beatingProbability(4, 9, 6, 6)) fmt.Println(beatingProbability(10, 5, 7, 6)) }
Write the same algorithm in Go as shown in this Python implementation.
from logpy import * from logpy.core import lall import time def lefto(q, p, list): return membero((q,p), zip(list, list[1:])) def nexto(q, p, list): return conde([lefto(q, p, list)], [lefto(p, q, list)]) houses = var() zebraRules = lall( (eq, (var(), var(), var(), var(), var()), houses), (membero, ('Englishman', var(), var(), var(), 'red'), houses), (membero, ('Swede', var(), var(), 'dog', var()), houses), (membero, ('Dane', var(), 'tea', var(), var()), houses), (lefto, (var(), var(), var(), var(), 'green'), (var(), var(), var(), var(), 'white'), houses), (membero, (var(), var(), 'coffee', var(), 'green'), houses), (membero, (var(), 'Pall Mall', var(), 'birds', var()), houses), (membero, (var(), 'Dunhill', var(), var(), 'yellow'), houses), (eq, (var(), var(), (var(), var(), 'milk', var(), var()), var(), var()), houses), (eq, (('Norwegian', var(), var(), var(), var()), var(), var(), var(), var()), houses), (nexto, (var(), 'Blend', var(), var(), var()), (var(), var(), var(), 'cats', var()), houses), (nexto, (var(), 'Dunhill', var(), var(), var()), (var(), var(), var(), 'horse', var()), houses), (membero, (var(), 'Blue Master', 'beer', var(), var()), houses), (membero, ('German', 'Prince', var(), var(), var()), houses), (nexto, ('Norwegian', var(), var(), var(), var()), (var(), var(), var(), var(), 'blue'), houses), (nexto, (var(), 'Blend', var(), var(), var()), (var(), var(), 'water', var(), var()), houses), (membero, (var(), var(), var(), 'zebra', var()), houses) ) t0 = time.time() solutions = run(0, houses, zebraRules) t1 = time.time() dur = t1-t0 count = len(solutions) zebraOwner = [house for house in solutions[0] if 'zebra' in house][0][0] print "%i solutions in %.2f seconds" % (count, dur) print "The %s is the owner of the zebra" % zebraOwner print "Here are all the houses:" for line in solutions[0]: print str(line)
package main import ( "fmt" "log" "strings" ) type HouseSet [5]*House type House struct { n Nationality c Colour a Animal d Drink s Smoke } type Nationality int8 type Colour int8 type Animal int8 type Drink int8 type Smoke int8 const ( English Nationality = iota Swede Dane Norwegian German ) const ( Red Colour = iota Green White Yellow Blue ) const ( Dog Animal = iota Birds Cats Horse Zebra ) const ( Tea Drink = iota Coffee Milk Beer Water ) const ( PallMall Smoke = iota Dunhill Blend BlueMaster Prince ) var nationalities = [...]string{"English", "Swede", "Dane", "Norwegian", "German"} var colours = [...]string{"red", "green", "white", "yellow", "blue"} var animals = [...]string{"dog", "birds", "cats", "horse", "zebra"} var drinks = [...]string{"tea", "coffee", "milk", "beer", "water"} var smokes = [...]string{"Pall Mall", "Dunhill", "Blend", "Blue Master", "Prince"} func (n Nationality) String() string { return nationalities[n] } func (c Colour) String() string { return colours[c] } func (a Animal) String() string { return animals[a] } func (d Drink) String() string { return drinks[d] } func (s Smoke) String() string { return smokes[s] } func (h House) String() string { return fmt.Sprintf("%-9s  %-6s  %-5s  %-6s %s", h.n, h.c, h.a, h.d, h.s) } func (hs HouseSet) String() string { lines := make([]string, 0, len(hs)) for i, h := range hs { s := fmt.Sprintf("%d %s", i, h) lines = append(lines, s) } return strings.Join(lines, "\n") } func simpleBruteForce() (int, HouseSet) { var v []House for n := range nationalities { for c := range colours { for a := range animals { for d := range drinks { for s := range smokes { h := House{ n: Nationality(n), c: Colour(c), a: Animal(a), d: Drink(d), s: Smoke(s), } if !h.Valid() { continue } v = append(v, h) } } } } } n := len(v) log.Println("Generated", n, "valid houses") combos := 0 first := 0 valid := 0 var validSet HouseSet for a := 0; a < n; a++ { if v[a].n != Norwegian { continue } for b := 0; b < n; b++ { if b == a { continue } if v[b].anyDups(&v[a]) { continue } for c := 0; c < n; c++ { if c == b || c == a { continue } if v[c].d != Milk { continue } if v[c].anyDups(&v[b], &v[a]) { continue } for d := 0; d < n; d++ { if d == c || d == b || d == a { continue } if v[d].anyDups(&v[c], &v[b], &v[a]) { continue } for e := 0; e < n; e++ { if e == d || e == c || e == b || e == a { continue } if v[e].anyDups(&v[d], &v[c], &v[b], &v[a]) { continue } combos++ set := HouseSet{&v[a], &v[b], &v[c], &v[d], &v[e]} if set.Valid() { valid++ if valid == 1 { first = combos } validSet = set } } } } } } log.Println("Tested", first, "different combinations of valid houses before finding solution") log.Println("Tested", combos, "different combinations of valid houses in total") return valid, validSet } func (h *House) anyDups(list ...*House) bool { for _, b := range list { if h.n == b.n || h.c == b.c || h.a == b.a || h.d == b.d || h.s == b.s { return true } } return false } func (h *House) Valid() bool { if h.n == English && h.c != Red || h.n != English && h.c == Red { return false } if h.n == Swede && h.a != Dog || h.n != Swede && h.a == Dog { return false } if h.n == Dane && h.d != Tea || h.n != Dane && h.d == Tea { return false } if h.c == Green && h.d != Coffee || h.c != Green && h.d == Coffee { return false } if h.a == Birds && h.s != PallMall || h.a != Birds && h.s == PallMall { return false } if h.c == Yellow && h.s != Dunhill || h.c != Yellow && h.s == Dunhill { return false } if h.a == Cats && h.s == Blend { return false } if h.a == Horse && h.s == Dunhill { return false } if h.d == Beer && h.s != BlueMaster || h.d != Beer && h.s == BlueMaster { return false } if h.n == German && h.s != Prince || h.n != German && h.s == Prince { return false } if h.n == Norwegian && h.c == Blue { return false } if h.d == Water && h.s == Blend { return false } return true } func (hs *HouseSet) Valid() bool { ni := make(map[Nationality]int, 5) ci := make(map[Colour]int, 5) ai := make(map[Animal]int, 5) di := make(map[Drink]int, 5) si := make(map[Smoke]int, 5) for i, h := range hs { ni[h.n] = i ci[h.c] = i ai[h.a] = i di[h.d] = i si[h.s] = i } if ci[Green]+1 != ci[White] { return false } if dist(ai[Cats], si[Blend]) != 1 { return false } if dist(ai[Horse], si[Dunhill]) != 1 { return false } if dist(ni[Norwegian], ci[Blue]) != 1 { return false } if dist(di[Water], si[Blend]) != 1 { return false } if hs[2].d != Milk { return false } if hs[0].n != Norwegian { return false } return true } func dist(a, b int) int { if a > b { return a - b } return b - a } func main() { log.SetFlags(0) n, sol := simpleBruteForce() fmt.Println(n, "solution found") fmt.Println(sol) }
Translate this program into Go but keep the logic exactly as in Python.
from operator import attrgetter from typing import Iterator import mwclient URL = 'www.rosettacode.org' API_PATH = '/mw/' def unimplemented_tasks(language: str, *, url: str, api_path: str) -> Iterator[str]: site = mwclient.Site(url, path=api_path) all_tasks = site.categories['Programming Tasks'] language_tasks = site.categories[language] name = attrgetter('name') all_tasks_names = map(name, all_tasks) language_tasks_names = set(map(name, language_tasks)) for task in all_tasks_names: if task not in language_tasks_names: yield task if __name__ == '__main__': tasks = unimplemented_tasks('Python', url=URL, api_path=API_PATH) print(*tasks, sep='\n')
package main import ( "encoding/xml" "fmt" "io" "net/http" "net/url" ) const language = "Go" var baseQuery = "http: "&format=xml&list=categorymembers&cmlimit=100" func req(u string, foundCm func(string)) string { resp, err := http.Get(u) if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) return "" } defer resp.Body.Close() for p := xml.NewDecoder(resp.Body); ; { t, err := p.RawToken() switch s, ok := t.(xml.StartElement); { case err == io.EOF: return "" case err != nil: fmt.Println(err) return "" case !ok: continue case s.Name.Local == "cm": for _, a := range s.Attr { if a.Name.Local == "title" { foundCm(a.Value) } } case s.Name.Local == "categorymembers" && len(s.Attr) > 0 && s.Attr[0].Name.Local == "cmcontinue": return url.QueryEscape(s.Attr[0].Value) } } return "" } func main() { langMap := make(map[string]bool) storeLang := func(cm string) { langMap[cm] = true } languageQuery := baseQuery + "&cmtitle=Category:" + language continueAt := req(languageQuery, storeLang) for continueAt > "" { continueAt = req(languageQuery+"&cmcontinue="+continueAt, storeLang) } if len(langMap) == 0 { fmt.Println("no tasks implemented for", language) return } printUnImp := func(cm string) { if !langMap[cm] { fmt.Println(cm) } } taskQuery := baseQuery + "&cmtitle=Category:Programming_Tasks" continueAt = req(taskQuery, printUnImp) for continueAt > "" { continueAt = req(taskQuery+"&cmcontinue="+continueAt, printUnImp) } }
Convert this Python snippet to Go and keep its semantics consistent.
IDLE 2.6.1 >>> >>> x,xi, y,yi = 2.0,0.5, 4.0,0.25 >>> >>> z = x + y >>> zi = 1.0 / (x + y) >>> >>> multiplier = lambda n1, n2: (lambda m: n1 * n2 * m) >>> >>> numlist = [x, y, z] >>> numlisti = [xi, yi, zi] >>> >>> [multiplier(inversen, n)(.5) for n, inversen in zip(numlist, numlisti)] [0.5, 0.5, 0.5] >>>
package main import "fmt" func main() { x := 2. xi := .5 y := 4. yi := .25 z := x + y zi := 1 / (x + y) numbers := []float64{x, y, z} inverses := []float64{xi, yi, zi} mfs := make([]func(float64) float64, len(numbers)) for i := range mfs { mfs[i] = multiplier(numbers[i], inverses[i]) } for _, mf := range mfs { fmt.Println(mf(1)) } } func multiplier(n1, n2 float64) func(float64) float64 { n1n2 := n1 * n2 return func(m float64) float64 { return n1n2 * m } }
Write a version of this Python function in Go with identical behavior.
IDLE 2.6.1 >>> >>> x,xi, y,yi = 2.0,0.5, 4.0,0.25 >>> >>> z = x + y >>> zi = 1.0 / (x + y) >>> >>> multiplier = lambda n1, n2: (lambda m: n1 * n2 * m) >>> >>> numlist = [x, y, z] >>> numlisti = [xi, yi, zi] >>> >>> [multiplier(inversen, n)(.5) for n, inversen in zip(numlist, numlisti)] [0.5, 0.5, 0.5] >>>
package main import "fmt" func main() { x := 2. xi := .5 y := 4. yi := .25 z := x + y zi := 1 / (x + y) numbers := []float64{x, y, z} inverses := []float64{xi, yi, zi} mfs := make([]func(float64) float64, len(numbers)) for i := range mfs { mfs[i] = multiplier(numbers[i], inverses[i]) } for _, mf := range mfs { fmt.Println(mf(1)) } } func multiplier(n1, n2 float64) func(float64) float64 { n1n2 := n1 * n2 return func(m float64) float64 { return n1n2 * m } }
Keep all operations the same but rewrite the snippet in Go.
from array import array from collections import deque import psyco data = [] nrows = 0 px = py = 0 sdata = "" ddata = "" def init(board): global data, nrows, sdata, ddata, px, py data = filter(None, board.splitlines()) nrows = max(len(r) for r in data) maps = {' ':' ', '.': '.', '@':' ', ' mapd = {' ':' ', '.': ' ', '@':'@', ' for r, row in enumerate(data): for c, ch in enumerate(row): sdata += maps[ch] ddata += mapd[ch] if ch == '@': px = c py = r def push(x, y, dx, dy, data): if sdata[(y+2*dy) * nrows + x+2*dx] == ' data[(y+2*dy) * nrows + x+2*dx] != ' ': return None data2 = array("c", data) data2[y * nrows + x] = ' ' data2[(y+dy) * nrows + x+dx] = '@' data2[(y+2*dy) * nrows + x+2*dx] = '*' return data2.tostring() def is_solved(data): for i in xrange(len(data)): if (sdata[i] == '.') != (data[i] == '*'): return False return True def solve(): open = deque([(ddata, "", px, py)]) visited = set([ddata]) dirs = ((0, -1, 'u', 'U'), ( 1, 0, 'r', 'R'), (0, 1, 'd', 'D'), (-1, 0, 'l', 'L')) lnrows = nrows while open: cur, csol, x, y = open.popleft() for di in dirs: temp = cur dx, dy = di[0], di[1] if temp[(y+dy) * lnrows + x+dx] == '*': temp = push(x, y, dx, dy, temp) if temp and temp not in visited: if is_solved(temp): return csol + di[3] open.append((temp, csol + di[3], x+dx, y+dy)) visited.add(temp) else: if sdata[(y+dy) * lnrows + x+dx] == ' temp[(y+dy) * lnrows + x+dx] != ' ': continue data2 = array("c", temp) data2[y * lnrows + x] = ' ' data2[(y+dy) * lnrows + x+dx] = '@' temp = data2.tostring() if temp not in visited: if is_solved(temp): return csol + di[2] open.append((temp, csol + di[2], x+dx, y+dy)) visited.add(temp) return "No solution" level = """\ psyco.full() init(level) print level, "\n\n", solve()
package main import ( "fmt" "strings" ) func main() { level := ` ####### # # # # #. # # #. $$ # #.$$ # #.# @# #######` fmt.Printf("level:%s\n", level) fmt.Printf("solution:\n%s\n", solve(level)) } func solve(board string) string { buffer = make([]byte, len(board)) width := strings.Index(board[1:], "\n") + 1 dirs := []struct { move, push string dPos int }{ {"u", "U", -width}, {"r", "R", 1}, {"d", "D", width}, {"l", "L", -1}, } visited := map[string]bool{board: true} open := []state{state{board, "", strings.Index(board, "@")}} for len(open) > 0 { s1 := &open[0] open = open[1:] for _, dir := range dirs { var newBoard, newSol string newPos := s1.pos + dir.dPos switch s1.board[newPos] { case '$', '*': newBoard = s1.push(dir.dPos) if newBoard == "" || visited[newBoard] { continue } newSol = s1.cSol + dir.push if strings.IndexAny(newBoard, ".+") < 0 { return newSol } case ' ', '.': newBoard = s1.move(dir.dPos) if visited[newBoard] { continue } newSol = s1.cSol + dir.move default: continue } open = append(open, state{newBoard, newSol, newPos}) visited[newBoard] = true } } return "No solution" } type state struct { board string cSol string pos int } var buffer []byte func (s *state) move(dPos int) string { copy(buffer, s.board) if buffer[s.pos] == '@' { buffer[s.pos] = ' ' } else { buffer[s.pos] = '.' } newPos := s.pos + dPos if buffer[newPos] == ' ' { buffer[newPos] = '@' } else { buffer[newPos] = '+' } return string(buffer) } func (s *state) push(dPos int) string { newPos := s.pos + dPos boxPos := newPos + dPos switch s.board[boxPos] { case ' ', '.': default: return "" } copy(buffer, s.board) if buffer[s.pos] == '@' { buffer[s.pos] = ' ' } else { buffer[s.pos] = '.' } if buffer[newPos] == '$' { buffer[newPos] = '@' } else { buffer[newPos] = '+' } if buffer[boxPos] == ' ' { buffer[boxPos] = '$' } else { buffer[boxPos] = '*' } return string(buffer) }
Generate a Go translation of this Python snippet without changing its computational steps.
import mpmath as mp with mp.workdps(72): def integer_term(n): p = 532 * n * n + 126 * n + 9 return (p * 2**5 * mp.factorial(6 * n)) / (3 * mp.factorial(n)**6) def exponent_term(n): return -(mp.mpf("6.0") * n + 3) def nthterm(n): return integer_term(n) * mp.mpf("10.0")**exponent_term(n) for n in range(10): print("Term ", n, ' ', int(integer_term(n))) def almkvist_guillera(floatprecision): summed, nextadd = mp.mpf('0.0'), mp.mpf('0.0') for n in range(100000000): nextadd = summed + nthterm(n) if abs(nextadd - summed) < 10.0**(-floatprecision): break summed = nextadd return nextadd print('\nπ to 70 digits is ', end='') mp.nprint(mp.mpf(1.0 / mp.sqrt(almkvist_guillera(70))), 71) print('mpmath π is ', end='') mp.nprint(mp.pi, 71)
package main import ( "fmt" "math/big" "strings" ) func factorial(n int64) *big.Int { var z big.Int return z.MulRange(1, n) } var one = big.NewInt(1) var three = big.NewInt(3) var six = big.NewInt(6) var ten = big.NewInt(10) var seventy = big.NewInt(70) func almkvistGiullera(n int64, print bool) *big.Rat { t1 := big.NewInt(32) t1.Mul(factorial(6*n), t1) t2 := big.NewInt(532*n*n + 126*n + 9) t3 := new(big.Int) t3.Exp(factorial(n), six, nil) t3.Mul(t3, three) ip := new(big.Int) ip.Mul(t1, t2) ip.Quo(ip, t3) pw := 6*n + 3 t1.SetInt64(pw) tm := new(big.Rat).SetFrac(ip, t1.Exp(ten, t1, nil)) if print { fmt.Printf("%d %44d %3d  %-35s\n", n, ip, -pw, tm.FloatString(33)) } return tm } func main() { fmt.Println("N Integer Portion Pow Nth Term (33 dp)") fmt.Println(strings.Repeat("-", 89)) for n := int64(0); n < 10; n++ { almkvistGiullera(n, true) } sum := new(big.Rat) prev := new(big.Rat) pow70 := new(big.Int).Exp(ten, seventy, nil) prec := new(big.Rat).SetFrac(one, pow70) n := int64(0) for { term := almkvistGiullera(n, false) sum.Add(sum, term) z := new(big.Rat).Sub(sum, prev) z.Abs(z) if z.Cmp(prec) < 0 { break } prev.Set(sum) n++ } sum.Inv(sum) pi := new(big.Float).SetPrec(256).SetRat(sum) pi.Sqrt(pi) fmt.Println("\nPi to 70 decimal places is:") fmt.Println(pi.Text('f', 70)) }
Generate a Go translation of this Python snippet without changing its computational steps.
import mpmath as mp with mp.workdps(72): def integer_term(n): p = 532 * n * n + 126 * n + 9 return (p * 2**5 * mp.factorial(6 * n)) / (3 * mp.factorial(n)**6) def exponent_term(n): return -(mp.mpf("6.0") * n + 3) def nthterm(n): return integer_term(n) * mp.mpf("10.0")**exponent_term(n) for n in range(10): print("Term ", n, ' ', int(integer_term(n))) def almkvist_guillera(floatprecision): summed, nextadd = mp.mpf('0.0'), mp.mpf('0.0') for n in range(100000000): nextadd = summed + nthterm(n) if abs(nextadd - summed) < 10.0**(-floatprecision): break summed = nextadd return nextadd print('\nπ to 70 digits is ', end='') mp.nprint(mp.mpf(1.0 / mp.sqrt(almkvist_guillera(70))), 71) print('mpmath π is ', end='') mp.nprint(mp.pi, 71)
package main import ( "fmt" "math/big" "strings" ) func factorial(n int64) *big.Int { var z big.Int return z.MulRange(1, n) } var one = big.NewInt(1) var three = big.NewInt(3) var six = big.NewInt(6) var ten = big.NewInt(10) var seventy = big.NewInt(70) func almkvistGiullera(n int64, print bool) *big.Rat { t1 := big.NewInt(32) t1.Mul(factorial(6*n), t1) t2 := big.NewInt(532*n*n + 126*n + 9) t3 := new(big.Int) t3.Exp(factorial(n), six, nil) t3.Mul(t3, three) ip := new(big.Int) ip.Mul(t1, t2) ip.Quo(ip, t3) pw := 6*n + 3 t1.SetInt64(pw) tm := new(big.Rat).SetFrac(ip, t1.Exp(ten, t1, nil)) if print { fmt.Printf("%d %44d %3d  %-35s\n", n, ip, -pw, tm.FloatString(33)) } return tm } func main() { fmt.Println("N Integer Portion Pow Nth Term (33 dp)") fmt.Println(strings.Repeat("-", 89)) for n := int64(0); n < 10; n++ { almkvistGiullera(n, true) } sum := new(big.Rat) prev := new(big.Rat) pow70 := new(big.Int).Exp(ten, seventy, nil) prec := new(big.Rat).SetFrac(one, pow70) n := int64(0) for { term := almkvistGiullera(n, false) sum.Add(sum, term) z := new(big.Rat).Sub(sum, prev) z.Abs(z) if z.Cmp(prec) < 0 { break } prev.Set(sum) n++ } sum.Inv(sum) pi := new(big.Float).SetPrec(256).SetRat(sum) pi.Sqrt(pi) fmt.Println("\nPi to 70 decimal places is:") fmt.Println(pi.Text('f', 70)) }
Generate an equivalent Go version of this Python code.
import mpmath as mp with mp.workdps(72): def integer_term(n): p = 532 * n * n + 126 * n + 9 return (p * 2**5 * mp.factorial(6 * n)) / (3 * mp.factorial(n)**6) def exponent_term(n): return -(mp.mpf("6.0") * n + 3) def nthterm(n): return integer_term(n) * mp.mpf("10.0")**exponent_term(n) for n in range(10): print("Term ", n, ' ', int(integer_term(n))) def almkvist_guillera(floatprecision): summed, nextadd = mp.mpf('0.0'), mp.mpf('0.0') for n in range(100000000): nextadd = summed + nthterm(n) if abs(nextadd - summed) < 10.0**(-floatprecision): break summed = nextadd return nextadd print('\nπ to 70 digits is ', end='') mp.nprint(mp.mpf(1.0 / mp.sqrt(almkvist_guillera(70))), 71) print('mpmath π is ', end='') mp.nprint(mp.pi, 71)
package main import ( "fmt" "math/big" "strings" ) func factorial(n int64) *big.Int { var z big.Int return z.MulRange(1, n) } var one = big.NewInt(1) var three = big.NewInt(3) var six = big.NewInt(6) var ten = big.NewInt(10) var seventy = big.NewInt(70) func almkvistGiullera(n int64, print bool) *big.Rat { t1 := big.NewInt(32) t1.Mul(factorial(6*n), t1) t2 := big.NewInt(532*n*n + 126*n + 9) t3 := new(big.Int) t3.Exp(factorial(n), six, nil) t3.Mul(t3, three) ip := new(big.Int) ip.Mul(t1, t2) ip.Quo(ip, t3) pw := 6*n + 3 t1.SetInt64(pw) tm := new(big.Rat).SetFrac(ip, t1.Exp(ten, t1, nil)) if print { fmt.Printf("%d %44d %3d  %-35s\n", n, ip, -pw, tm.FloatString(33)) } return tm } func main() { fmt.Println("N Integer Portion Pow Nth Term (33 dp)") fmt.Println(strings.Repeat("-", 89)) for n := int64(0); n < 10; n++ { almkvistGiullera(n, true) } sum := new(big.Rat) prev := new(big.Rat) pow70 := new(big.Int).Exp(ten, seventy, nil) prec := new(big.Rat).SetFrac(one, pow70) n := int64(0) for { term := almkvistGiullera(n, false) sum.Add(sum, term) z := new(big.Rat).Sub(sum, prev) z.Abs(z) if z.Cmp(prec) < 0 { break } prev.Set(sum) n++ } sum.Inv(sum) pi := new(big.Float).SetPrec(256).SetRat(sum) pi.Sqrt(pi) fmt.Println("\nPi to 70 decimal places is:") fmt.Println(pi.Text('f', 70)) }
Change the following Python code into Go without altering its purpose.
from itertools import chain, cycle, accumulate, combinations from typing import List, Tuple def factors5(n: int) -> List[int]: def prime_powers(n): for c in accumulate(chain([2, 1, 2], cycle([2,4]))): if c*c > n: break if n%c: continue d,p = (), c while not n%c: n,p,d = n//c, p*c, d + (p,) yield(d) if n > 1: yield((n,)) r = [1] for e in prime_powers(n): r += [a*b for a in r for b in e] return r[:-1] def powerset(s: List[int]) -> List[Tuple[int, ...]]: return chain.from_iterable(combinations(s, r) for r in range(1, len(s)+1)) def is_practical(x: int) -> bool: if x == 1: return True if x %2: return False f = factors5(x) ps = powerset(f) found = {y for y in {sum(i) for i in ps} if 1 <= y < x} return len(found) == x - 1 if __name__ == '__main__': n = 333 p = [x for x in range(1, n + 1) if is_practical(x)] print(f"There are {len(p)} Practical numbers from 1 to {n}:") print(' ', str(p[:10])[1:-1], '...', str(p[-10:])[1:-1]) x = 666 print(f"\nSTRETCH GOAL: {x} is {'not ' if not is_practical(x) else ''}Practical.")
package main import ( "fmt" "rcu" ) func powerset(set []int) [][]int { if len(set) == 0 { return [][]int{{}} } head := set[0] tail := set[1:] p1 := powerset(tail) var p2 [][]int for _, s := range powerset(tail) { h := []int{head} h = append(h, s...) p2 = append(p2, h) } return append(p1, p2...) } func isPractical(n int) bool { if n == 1 { return true } divs := rcu.ProperDivisors(n) subsets := powerset(divs) found := make([]bool, n) count := 0 for _, subset := range subsets { sum := rcu.SumInts(subset) if sum > 0 && sum < n && !found[sum] { found[sum] = true count++ if count == n-1 { return true } } } return false } func main() { fmt.Println("In the range 1..333, there are:") var practical []int for i := 1; i <= 333; i++ { if isPractical(i) { practical = append(practical, i) } } fmt.Println(" ", len(practical), "practical numbers") fmt.Println(" The first ten are", practical[0:10]) fmt.Println(" The final ten are", practical[len(practical)-10:]) fmt.Println("\n666 is practical:", isPractical(666)) }
Port the following code from Python to Go with equivalent syntax and logic.
from sympy import sieve primelist = list(sieve.primerange(2,1000000)) listlen = len(primelist) pindex = 1 old_diff = -1 curr_list=[primelist[0]] longest_list=[] while pindex < listlen: diff = primelist[pindex] - primelist[pindex-1] if diff > old_diff: curr_list.append(primelist[pindex]) if len(curr_list) > len(longest_list): longest_list = curr_list else: curr_list = [primelist[pindex-1],primelist[pindex]] old_diff = diff pindex += 1 print(longest_list) pindex = 1 old_diff = -1 curr_list=[primelist[0]] longest_list=[] while pindex < listlen: diff = primelist[pindex] - primelist[pindex-1] if diff < old_diff: curr_list.append(primelist[pindex]) if len(curr_list) > len(longest_list): longest_list = curr_list else: curr_list = [primelist[pindex-1],primelist[pindex]] old_diff = diff pindex += 1 print(longest_list)
package main import ( "fmt" "rcu" ) const LIMIT = 999999 var primes = rcu.Primes(LIMIT) func longestSeq(dir string) { pd := 0 longSeqs := [][]int{{2}} currSeq := []int{2} for i := 1; i < len(primes); i++ { d := primes[i] - primes[i-1] if (dir == "ascending" && d <= pd) || (dir == "descending" && d >= pd) { if len(currSeq) > len(longSeqs[0]) { longSeqs = [][]int{currSeq} } else if len(currSeq) == len(longSeqs[0]) { longSeqs = append(longSeqs, currSeq) } currSeq = []int{primes[i-1], primes[i]} } else { currSeq = append(currSeq, primes[i]) } pd = d } if len(currSeq) > len(longSeqs[0]) { longSeqs = [][]int{currSeq} } else if len(currSeq) == len(longSeqs[0]) { longSeqs = append(longSeqs, currSeq) } fmt.Println("Longest run(s) of primes with", dir, "differences is", len(longSeqs[0]), ":") for _, ls := range longSeqs { var diffs []int for i := 1; i < len(ls); i++ { diffs = append(diffs, ls[i]-ls[i-1]) } for i := 0; i < len(ls)-1; i++ { fmt.Print(ls[i], " (", diffs[i], ") ") } fmt.Println(ls[len(ls)-1]) } fmt.Println() } func main() { fmt.Println("For primes < 1 million:\n") for _, dir := range []string{"ascending", "descending"} { longestSeq(dir) } }
Port the provided Python code into Go while preserving the original functionality.
from sys import stdout neighbours = [[-1, 0], [0, -1], [1, 0], [0, 1]] exists = [] lastNumber = 0 wid = 0 hei = 0 def find_next(pa, x, y, z): for i in range(4): a = x + neighbours[i][0] b = y + neighbours[i][1] if wid > a > -1 and hei > b > -1: if pa[a][b] == z: return a, b return -1, -1 def find_solution(pa, x, y, z): if z > lastNumber: return 1 if exists[z] == 1: s = find_next(pa, x, y, z) if s[0] < 0: return 0 return find_solution(pa, s[0], s[1], z + 1) for i in range(4): a = x + neighbours[i][0] b = y + neighbours[i][1] if wid > a > -1 and hei > b > -1: if pa[a][b] == 0: pa[a][b] = z r = find_solution(pa, a, b, z + 1) if r == 1: return 1 pa[a][b] = 0 return 0 def solve(pz, w, h): global lastNumber, wid, hei, exists lastNumber = w * h wid = w hei = h exists = [0 for j in range(lastNumber + 1)] pa = [[0 for j in range(h)] for i in range(w)] st = pz.split() idx = 0 for j in range(h): for i in range(w): if st[idx] == ".": idx += 1 else: pa[i][j] = int(st[idx]) exists[pa[i][j]] = 1 idx += 1 x = 0 y = 0 t = w * h + 1 for j in range(h): for i in range(w): if pa[i][j] != 0 and pa[i][j] < t: t = pa[i][j] x = i y = j return find_solution(pa, x, y, t + 1), pa def show_result(r): if r[0] == 1: for j in range(hei): for i in range(wid): stdout.write(" {:0{}d}".format(r[1][i][j], 2)) print() else: stdout.write("No Solution!\n") print() r = solve(". . . . . . . . . . . 46 45 . 55 74 . . . 38 . . 43 . . 78 . . 35 . . . . . 71 . . . 33 . . . 59 . . . 17" " . . . . . 67 . . 18 . . 11 . . 64 . . . 24 21 . 1 2 . . . . . . . . . . .", 9, 9) show_result(r) r = solve(". . . . . . . . . . 11 12 15 18 21 62 61 . . 6 . . . . . 60 . . 33 . . . . . 57 . . 32 . . . . . 56 . . 37" " . 1 . . . 73 . . 38 . . . . . 72 . . 43 44 47 48 51 76 77 . . . . . . . . . .", 9, 9) show_result(r) r = solve("17 . . . 11 . . . 59 . 15 . . 6 . . 61 . . . 3 . . . 63 . . . . . . 66 . . . . 23 24 . 68 67 78 . 54 55" " . . . . 72 . . . . . . 35 . . . 49 . . . 29 . . 40 . . 47 . 31 . . . 39 . . . 45", 9, 9) show_result(r)
package main import ( "fmt" "sort" "strconv" "strings" ) var example1 = []string{ "00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00", "00,00,46,45,00,55,74,00,00", "00,38,00,00,43,00,00,78,00", "00,35,00,00,00,00,00,71,00", "00,00,33,00,00,00,59,00,00", "00,17,00,00,00,00,00,67,00", "00,18,00,00,11,00,00,64,00", "00,00,24,21,00,01,02,00,00", "00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00", } var example2 = []string{ "00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00", "00,11,12,15,18,21,62,61,00", "00,06,00,00,00,00,00,60,00", "00,33,00,00,00,00,00,57,00", "00,32,00,00,00,00,00,56,00", "00,37,00,01,00,00,00,73,00", "00,38,00,00,00,00,00,72,00", "00,43,44,47,48,51,76,77,00", "00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00", } var moves = [][2]int{{1, 0}, {0, 1}, {-1, 0}, {0, -1}} var ( grid [][]int clues []int totalToFill = 0 ) func solve(r, c, count, nextClue int) bool { if count > totalToFill { return true } back := grid[r][c] if back != 0 && back != count { return false } if back == 0 && nextClue < len(clues) && clues[nextClue] == count { return false } if back == count { nextClue++ } grid[r][c] = count for _, move := range moves { if solve(r+move[1], c+move[0], count+1, nextClue) { return true } } grid[r][c] = back return false } func printResult(n int) { fmt.Println("Solution for example", n, "\b:") for _, row := range grid { for _, i := range row { if i == -1 { continue } fmt.Printf("%2d ", i) } fmt.Println() } } func main() { for n, board := range [2][]string{example1, example2} { nRows := len(board) + 2 nCols := len(strings.Split(board[0], ",")) + 2 startRow, startCol := 0, 0 grid = make([][]int, nRows) totalToFill = (nRows - 2) * (nCols - 2) var lst []int for r := 0; r < nRows; r++ { grid[r] = make([]int, nCols) for c := 0; c < nCols; c++ { grid[r][c] = -1 } if r >= 1 && r < nRows-1 { row := strings.Split(board[r-1], ",") for c := 1; c < nCols-1; c++ { val, _ := strconv.Atoi(row[c-1]) if val > 0 { lst = append(lst, val) } if val == 1 { startRow, startCol = r, c } grid[r][c] = val } } } sort.Ints(lst) clues = lst if solve(startRow, startCol, 1, 0) { printResult(n + 1) } } }
Can you help me rewrite this code in Go instead of Python, keeping it the same logically?
from sys import stdout neighbours = [[-1, 0], [0, -1], [1, 0], [0, 1]] exists = [] lastNumber = 0 wid = 0 hei = 0 def find_next(pa, x, y, z): for i in range(4): a = x + neighbours[i][0] b = y + neighbours[i][1] if wid > a > -1 and hei > b > -1: if pa[a][b] == z: return a, b return -1, -1 def find_solution(pa, x, y, z): if z > lastNumber: return 1 if exists[z] == 1: s = find_next(pa, x, y, z) if s[0] < 0: return 0 return find_solution(pa, s[0], s[1], z + 1) for i in range(4): a = x + neighbours[i][0] b = y + neighbours[i][1] if wid > a > -1 and hei > b > -1: if pa[a][b] == 0: pa[a][b] = z r = find_solution(pa, a, b, z + 1) if r == 1: return 1 pa[a][b] = 0 return 0 def solve(pz, w, h): global lastNumber, wid, hei, exists lastNumber = w * h wid = w hei = h exists = [0 for j in range(lastNumber + 1)] pa = [[0 for j in range(h)] for i in range(w)] st = pz.split() idx = 0 for j in range(h): for i in range(w): if st[idx] == ".": idx += 1 else: pa[i][j] = int(st[idx]) exists[pa[i][j]] = 1 idx += 1 x = 0 y = 0 t = w * h + 1 for j in range(h): for i in range(w): if pa[i][j] != 0 and pa[i][j] < t: t = pa[i][j] x = i y = j return find_solution(pa, x, y, t + 1), pa def show_result(r): if r[0] == 1: for j in range(hei): for i in range(wid): stdout.write(" {:0{}d}".format(r[1][i][j], 2)) print() else: stdout.write("No Solution!\n") print() r = solve(". . . . . . . . . . . 46 45 . 55 74 . . . 38 . . 43 . . 78 . . 35 . . . . . 71 . . . 33 . . . 59 . . . 17" " . . . . . 67 . . 18 . . 11 . . 64 . . . 24 21 . 1 2 . . . . . . . . . . .", 9, 9) show_result(r) r = solve(". . . . . . . . . . 11 12 15 18 21 62 61 . . 6 . . . . . 60 . . 33 . . . . . 57 . . 32 . . . . . 56 . . 37" " . 1 . . . 73 . . 38 . . . . . 72 . . 43 44 47 48 51 76 77 . . . . . . . . . .", 9, 9) show_result(r) r = solve("17 . . . 11 . . . 59 . 15 . . 6 . . 61 . . . 3 . . . 63 . . . . . . 66 . . . . 23 24 . 68 67 78 . 54 55" " . . . . 72 . . . . . . 35 . . . 49 . . . 29 . . 40 . . 47 . 31 . . . 39 . . . 45", 9, 9) show_result(r)
package main import ( "fmt" "sort" "strconv" "strings" ) var example1 = []string{ "00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00", "00,00,46,45,00,55,74,00,00", "00,38,00,00,43,00,00,78,00", "00,35,00,00,00,00,00,71,00", "00,00,33,00,00,00,59,00,00", "00,17,00,00,00,00,00,67,00", "00,18,00,00,11,00,00,64,00", "00,00,24,21,00,01,02,00,00", "00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00", } var example2 = []string{ "00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00", "00,11,12,15,18,21,62,61,00", "00,06,00,00,00,00,00,60,00", "00,33,00,00,00,00,00,57,00", "00,32,00,00,00,00,00,56,00", "00,37,00,01,00,00,00,73,00", "00,38,00,00,00,00,00,72,00", "00,43,44,47,48,51,76,77,00", "00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00", } var moves = [][2]int{{1, 0}, {0, 1}, {-1, 0}, {0, -1}} var ( grid [][]int clues []int totalToFill = 0 ) func solve(r, c, count, nextClue int) bool { if count > totalToFill { return true } back := grid[r][c] if back != 0 && back != count { return false } if back == 0 && nextClue < len(clues) && clues[nextClue] == count { return false } if back == count { nextClue++ } grid[r][c] = count for _, move := range moves { if solve(r+move[1], c+move[0], count+1, nextClue) { return true } } grid[r][c] = back return false } func printResult(n int) { fmt.Println("Solution for example", n, "\b:") for _, row := range grid { for _, i := range row { if i == -1 { continue } fmt.Printf("%2d ", i) } fmt.Println() } } func main() { for n, board := range [2][]string{example1, example2} { nRows := len(board) + 2 nCols := len(strings.Split(board[0], ",")) + 2 startRow, startCol := 0, 0 grid = make([][]int, nRows) totalToFill = (nRows - 2) * (nCols - 2) var lst []int for r := 0; r < nRows; r++ { grid[r] = make([]int, nCols) for c := 0; c < nCols; c++ { grid[r][c] = -1 } if r >= 1 && r < nRows-1 { row := strings.Split(board[r-1], ",") for c := 1; c < nCols-1; c++ { val, _ := strconv.Atoi(row[c-1]) if val > 0 { lst = append(lst, val) } if val == 1 { startRow, startCol = r, c } grid[r][c] = val } } } sort.Ints(lst) clues = lst if solve(startRow, startCol, 1, 0) { printResult(n + 1) } } }
Convert this Python block to Go, preserving its control flow and logic.
from itertools import repeat from functools import reduce def churchZero(): return lambda f: identity def churchSucc(cn): return lambda f: compose(f)(cn(f)) def churchAdd(m): return lambda n: lambda f: compose(m(f))(n(f)) def churchMult(m): return lambda n: compose(m)(n) def churchExp(m): return lambda n: n(m) def churchFromInt(n): return lambda f: ( foldl (compose) (identity) (replicate(n)(f)) ) def churchFromInt_(n): if 0 == n: return churchZero() else: return churchSucc(churchFromInt(n - 1)) def intFromChurch(cn): return cn(succ)(0) def main(): 'Tests' cThree = churchFromInt(3) cFour = churchFromInt(4) print(list(map(intFromChurch, [ churchAdd(cThree)(cFour), churchMult(cThree)(cFour), churchExp(cFour)(cThree), churchExp(cThree)(cFour), ]))) def compose(f): return lambda g: lambda x: g(f(x)) def foldl(f): def go(acc, xs): return reduce(lambda a, x: f(a)(x), xs, acc) return lambda acc: lambda xs: go(acc, xs) def identity(x): return x def replicate(n): return lambda x: repeat(x, n) def succ(x): return 1 + x if isinstance(x, int) else ( chr(1 + ord(x)) ) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
package main import "fmt" type any = interface{} type fn func(any) any type church func(fn) fn func zero(f fn) fn { return func(x any) any { return x } } func (c church) succ() church { return func(f fn) fn { return func(x any) any { return f(c(f)(x)) } } } func (c church) add(d church) church { return func(f fn) fn { return func(x any) any { return c(f)(d(f)(x)) } } } func (c church) mul(d church) church { return func(f fn) fn { return func(x any) any { return c(d(f))(x) } } } func (c church) pow(d church) church { di := d.toInt() prod := c for i := 1; i < di; i++ { prod = prod.mul(c) } return prod } func (c church) toInt() int { return c(incr)(0).(int) } func intToChurch(i int) church { if i == 0 { return zero } else { return intToChurch(i - 1).succ() } } func incr(i any) any { return i.(int) + 1 } func main() { z := church(zero) three := z.succ().succ().succ() four := three.succ() fmt.Println("three ->", three.toInt()) fmt.Println("four ->", four.toInt()) fmt.Println("three + four ->", three.add(four).toInt()) fmt.Println("three * four ->", three.mul(four).toInt()) fmt.Println("three ^ four ->", three.pow(four).toInt()) fmt.Println("four ^ three ->", four.pow(three).toInt()) fmt.Println("5 -> five ->", intToChurch(5).toInt()) }
Generate a Go translation of this Python snippet without changing its computational steps.
from itertools import repeat from functools import reduce def churchZero(): return lambda f: identity def churchSucc(cn): return lambda f: compose(f)(cn(f)) def churchAdd(m): return lambda n: lambda f: compose(m(f))(n(f)) def churchMult(m): return lambda n: compose(m)(n) def churchExp(m): return lambda n: n(m) def churchFromInt(n): return lambda f: ( foldl (compose) (identity) (replicate(n)(f)) ) def churchFromInt_(n): if 0 == n: return churchZero() else: return churchSucc(churchFromInt(n - 1)) def intFromChurch(cn): return cn(succ)(0) def main(): 'Tests' cThree = churchFromInt(3) cFour = churchFromInt(4) print(list(map(intFromChurch, [ churchAdd(cThree)(cFour), churchMult(cThree)(cFour), churchExp(cFour)(cThree), churchExp(cThree)(cFour), ]))) def compose(f): return lambda g: lambda x: g(f(x)) def foldl(f): def go(acc, xs): return reduce(lambda a, x: f(a)(x), xs, acc) return lambda acc: lambda xs: go(acc, xs) def identity(x): return x def replicate(n): return lambda x: repeat(x, n) def succ(x): return 1 + x if isinstance(x, int) else ( chr(1 + ord(x)) ) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
package main import "fmt" type any = interface{} type fn func(any) any type church func(fn) fn func zero(f fn) fn { return func(x any) any { return x } } func (c church) succ() church { return func(f fn) fn { return func(x any) any { return f(c(f)(x)) } } } func (c church) add(d church) church { return func(f fn) fn { return func(x any) any { return c(f)(d(f)(x)) } } } func (c church) mul(d church) church { return func(f fn) fn { return func(x any) any { return c(d(f))(x) } } } func (c church) pow(d church) church { di := d.toInt() prod := c for i := 1; i < di; i++ { prod = prod.mul(c) } return prod } func (c church) toInt() int { return c(incr)(0).(int) } func intToChurch(i int) church { if i == 0 { return zero } else { return intToChurch(i - 1).succ() } } func incr(i any) any { return i.(int) + 1 } func main() { z := church(zero) three := z.succ().succ().succ() four := three.succ() fmt.Println("three ->", three.toInt()) fmt.Println("four ->", four.toInt()) fmt.Println("three + four ->", three.add(four).toInt()) fmt.Println("three * four ->", three.mul(four).toInt()) fmt.Println("three ^ four ->", three.pow(four).toInt()) fmt.Println("four ^ three ->", four.pow(three).toInt()) fmt.Println("5 -> five ->", intToChurch(5).toInt()) }
Produce a functionally identical Go code for the snippet given in Python.
from sys import stdout neighbours = [[2, 2], [-2, 2], [2, -2], [-2, -2], [3, 0], [0, 3], [-3, 0], [0, -3]] cnt = 0 pWid = 0 pHei = 0 def is_valid(a, b): return -1 < a < pWid and -1 < b < pHei def iterate(pa, x, y, v): if v > cnt: return 1 for i in range(len(neighbours)): a = x + neighbours[i][0] b = y + neighbours[i][1] if is_valid(a, b) and pa[a][b] == 0: pa[a][b] = v r = iterate(pa, a, b, v + 1) if r == 1: return r pa[a][b] = 0 return 0 def solve(pz, w, h): global cnt, pWid, pHei pa = [[-1 for j in range(h)] for i in range(w)] f = 0 pWid = w pHei = h for j in range(h): for i in range(w): if pz[f] == "1": pa[i][j] = 0 cnt += 1 f += 1 for y in range(h): for x in range(w): if pa[x][y] == 0: pa[x][y] = 1 if 1 == iterate(pa, x, y, 2): return 1, pa pa[x][y] = 0 return 0, pa r = solve("011011011111111111111011111000111000001000", 7, 6) if r[0] == 1: for j in range(6): for i in range(7): if r[1][i][j] == -1: stdout.write(" ") else: stdout.write(" {:0{}d}".format(r[1][i][j], 2)) print() else: stdout.write("No solution!")
package main import ( "fmt" "sort" ) var board = []string{ ".00.00.", "0000000", "0000000", ".00000.", "..000..", "...0...", } var moves = [][2]int{ {-3, 0}, {0, 3}, {3, 0}, {0, -3}, {2, 2}, {2, -2}, {-2, 2}, {-2, -2}, } var grid [][]int var totalToFill = 0 func solve(r, c, count int) bool { if count > totalToFill { return true } nbrs := neighbors(r, c) if len(nbrs) == 0 && count != totalToFill { return false } sort.Slice(nbrs, func(i, j int) bool { return nbrs[i][2] < nbrs[j][2] }) for _, nb := range nbrs { r = nb[0] c = nb[1] grid[r][c] = count if solve(r, c, count+1) { return true } grid[r][c] = 0 } return false } func neighbors(r, c int) (nbrs [][3]int) { for _, m := range moves { x := m[0] y := m[1] if grid[r+y][c+x] == 0 { num := countNeighbors(r+y, c+x) - 1 nbrs = append(nbrs, [3]int{r + y, c + x, num}) } } return } func countNeighbors(r, c int) int { num := 0 for _, m := range moves { if grid[r+m[1]][c+m[0]] == 0 { num++ } } return num } func printResult() { for _, row := range grid { for _, i := range row { if i == -1 { fmt.Print(" ") } else { fmt.Printf("%2d ", i) } } fmt.Println() } } func main() { nRows := len(board) + 6 nCols := len(board[0]) + 6 grid = make([][]int, nRows) for r := 0; r < nRows; r++ { grid[r] = make([]int, nCols) for c := 0; c < nCols; c++ { grid[r][c] = -1 } for c := 3; c < nCols-3; c++ { if r >= 3 && r < nRows-3 { if board[r-3][c-3] == '0' { grid[r][c] = 0 totalToFill++ } } } } pos, r, c := -1, 0, 0 for { for { pos++ r = pos / nCols c = pos % nCols if grid[r][c] != -1 { break } } grid[r][c] = 1 if solve(r, c, 2) { break } grid[r][c] = 0 if pos >= nRows*nCols { break } } printResult() }
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Python to Go.
from sys import stdout neighbours = [[2, 2], [-2, 2], [2, -2], [-2, -2], [3, 0], [0, 3], [-3, 0], [0, -3]] cnt = 0 pWid = 0 pHei = 0 def is_valid(a, b): return -1 < a < pWid and -1 < b < pHei def iterate(pa, x, y, v): if v > cnt: return 1 for i in range(len(neighbours)): a = x + neighbours[i][0] b = y + neighbours[i][1] if is_valid(a, b) and pa[a][b] == 0: pa[a][b] = v r = iterate(pa, a, b, v + 1) if r == 1: return r pa[a][b] = 0 return 0 def solve(pz, w, h): global cnt, pWid, pHei pa = [[-1 for j in range(h)] for i in range(w)] f = 0 pWid = w pHei = h for j in range(h): for i in range(w): if pz[f] == "1": pa[i][j] = 0 cnt += 1 f += 1 for y in range(h): for x in range(w): if pa[x][y] == 0: pa[x][y] = 1 if 1 == iterate(pa, x, y, 2): return 1, pa pa[x][y] = 0 return 0, pa r = solve("011011011111111111111011111000111000001000", 7, 6) if r[0] == 1: for j in range(6): for i in range(7): if r[1][i][j] == -1: stdout.write(" ") else: stdout.write(" {:0{}d}".format(r[1][i][j], 2)) print() else: stdout.write("No solution!")
package main import ( "fmt" "sort" ) var board = []string{ ".00.00.", "0000000", "0000000", ".00000.", "..000..", "...0...", } var moves = [][2]int{ {-3, 0}, {0, 3}, {3, 0}, {0, -3}, {2, 2}, {2, -2}, {-2, 2}, {-2, -2}, } var grid [][]int var totalToFill = 0 func solve(r, c, count int) bool { if count > totalToFill { return true } nbrs := neighbors(r, c) if len(nbrs) == 0 && count != totalToFill { return false } sort.Slice(nbrs, func(i, j int) bool { return nbrs[i][2] < nbrs[j][2] }) for _, nb := range nbrs { r = nb[0] c = nb[1] grid[r][c] = count if solve(r, c, count+1) { return true } grid[r][c] = 0 } return false } func neighbors(r, c int) (nbrs [][3]int) { for _, m := range moves { x := m[0] y := m[1] if grid[r+y][c+x] == 0 { num := countNeighbors(r+y, c+x) - 1 nbrs = append(nbrs, [3]int{r + y, c + x, num}) } } return } func countNeighbors(r, c int) int { num := 0 for _, m := range moves { if grid[r+m[1]][c+m[0]] == 0 { num++ } } return num } func printResult() { for _, row := range grid { for _, i := range row { if i == -1 { fmt.Print(" ") } else { fmt.Printf("%2d ", i) } } fmt.Println() } } func main() { nRows := len(board) + 6 nCols := len(board[0]) + 6 grid = make([][]int, nRows) for r := 0; r < nRows; r++ { grid[r] = make([]int, nCols) for c := 0; c < nCols; c++ { grid[r][c] = -1 } for c := 3; c < nCols-3; c++ { if r >= 3 && r < nRows-3 { if board[r-3][c-3] == '0' { grid[r][c] = 0 totalToFill++ } } } } pos, r, c := -1, 0, 0 for { for { pos++ r = pos / nCols c = pos % nCols if grid[r][c] != -1 { break } } grid[r][c] = 1 if solve(r, c, 2) { break } grid[r][c] = 0 if pos >= nRows*nCols { break } } printResult() }
Ensure the translated Go code behaves exactly like the original Python snippet.
from sys import stdout neighbours = [[2, 2], [-2, 2], [2, -2], [-2, -2], [3, 0], [0, 3], [-3, 0], [0, -3]] cnt = 0 pWid = 0 pHei = 0 def is_valid(a, b): return -1 < a < pWid and -1 < b < pHei def iterate(pa, x, y, v): if v > cnt: return 1 for i in range(len(neighbours)): a = x + neighbours[i][0] b = y + neighbours[i][1] if is_valid(a, b) and pa[a][b] == 0: pa[a][b] = v r = iterate(pa, a, b, v + 1) if r == 1: return r pa[a][b] = 0 return 0 def solve(pz, w, h): global cnt, pWid, pHei pa = [[-1 for j in range(h)] for i in range(w)] f = 0 pWid = w pHei = h for j in range(h): for i in range(w): if pz[f] == "1": pa[i][j] = 0 cnt += 1 f += 1 for y in range(h): for x in range(w): if pa[x][y] == 0: pa[x][y] = 1 if 1 == iterate(pa, x, y, 2): return 1, pa pa[x][y] = 0 return 0, pa r = solve("011011011111111111111011111000111000001000", 7, 6) if r[0] == 1: for j in range(6): for i in range(7): if r[1][i][j] == -1: stdout.write(" ") else: stdout.write(" {:0{}d}".format(r[1][i][j], 2)) print() else: stdout.write("No solution!")
package main import ( "fmt" "sort" ) var board = []string{ ".00.00.", "0000000", "0000000", ".00000.", "..000..", "...0...", } var moves = [][2]int{ {-3, 0}, {0, 3}, {3, 0}, {0, -3}, {2, 2}, {2, -2}, {-2, 2}, {-2, -2}, } var grid [][]int var totalToFill = 0 func solve(r, c, count int) bool { if count > totalToFill { return true } nbrs := neighbors(r, c) if len(nbrs) == 0 && count != totalToFill { return false } sort.Slice(nbrs, func(i, j int) bool { return nbrs[i][2] < nbrs[j][2] }) for _, nb := range nbrs { r = nb[0] c = nb[1] grid[r][c] = count if solve(r, c, count+1) { return true } grid[r][c] = 0 } return false } func neighbors(r, c int) (nbrs [][3]int) { for _, m := range moves { x := m[0] y := m[1] if grid[r+y][c+x] == 0 { num := countNeighbors(r+y, c+x) - 1 nbrs = append(nbrs, [3]int{r + y, c + x, num}) } } return } func countNeighbors(r, c int) int { num := 0 for _, m := range moves { if grid[r+m[1]][c+m[0]] == 0 { num++ } } return num } func printResult() { for _, row := range grid { for _, i := range row { if i == -1 { fmt.Print(" ") } else { fmt.Printf("%2d ", i) } } fmt.Println() } } func main() { nRows := len(board) + 6 nCols := len(board[0]) + 6 grid = make([][]int, nRows) for r := 0; r < nRows; r++ { grid[r] = make([]int, nCols) for c := 0; c < nCols; c++ { grid[r][c] = -1 } for c := 3; c < nCols-3; c++ { if r >= 3 && r < nRows-3 { if board[r-3][c-3] == '0' { grid[r][c] = 0 totalToFill++ } } } } pos, r, c := -1, 0, 0 for { for { pos++ r = pos / nCols c = pos % nCols if grid[r][c] != -1 { break } } grid[r][c] = 1 if solve(r, c, 2) { break } grid[r][c] = 0 if pos >= nRows*nCols { break } } printResult() }
Convert this Python block to Go, preserving its control flow and logic.
from itertools import izip def gen_row(w, s): def gen_seg(o, sp): if not o: return [[2] * sp] return [[2] * x + o[0] + tail for x in xrange(1, sp - len(o) + 2) for tail in gen_seg(o[1:], sp - x)] return [x[1:] for x in gen_seg([[1] * i for i in s], w + 1 - sum(s))] def deduce(hr, vr): def allowable(row): return reduce(lambda a, b: [x | y for x, y in izip(a, b)], row) def fits(a, b): return all(x & y for x, y in izip(a, b)) def fix_col(n): c = [x[n] for x in can_do] cols[n] = [x for x in cols[n] if fits(x, c)] for i, x in enumerate(allowable(cols[n])): if x != can_do[i][n]: mod_rows.add(i) can_do[i][n] &= x def fix_row(n): c = can_do[n] rows[n] = [x for x in rows[n] if fits(x, c)] for i, x in enumerate(allowable(rows[n])): if x != can_do[n][i]: mod_cols.add(i) can_do[n][i] &= x def show_gram(m): for x in m: print " ".join("x print w, h = len(vr), len(hr) rows = [gen_row(w, x) for x in hr] cols = [gen_row(h, x) for x in vr] can_do = map(allowable, rows) mod_rows, mod_cols = set(), set(xrange(w)) while mod_cols: for i in mod_cols: fix_col(i) mod_cols = set() for i in mod_rows: fix_row(i) mod_rows = set() if all(can_do[i][j] in (1, 2) for j in xrange(w) for i in xrange(h)): print "Solution would be unique" else: print "Solution may not be unique, doing exhaustive search:" out = [0] * h def try_all(n = 0): if n >= h: for j in xrange(w): if [x[j] for x in out] not in cols[j]: return 0 show_gram(out) return 1 sol = 0 for x in rows[n]: out[n] = x sol += try_all(n + 1) return sol n = try_all() if not n: print "No solution." elif n == 1: print "Unique solution." else: print n, "solutions." print def solve(p, show_runs=True): s = [[[ord(c) - ord('A') + 1 for c in w] for w in l.split()] for l in p.splitlines()] if show_runs: print "Horizontal runs:", s[0] print "Vertical runs:", s[1] deduce(s[0], s[1]) def main(): fn = "nonogram_problems.txt" for p in (x for x in open(fn).read().split("\n\n") if x): solve(p) print "Extra example not solvable by deduction alone:" solve("B B A A\nB B A A") print "Extra example where there is no solution:" solve("B A A\nA A A") main()
package main import ( "fmt" "strings" ) type BitSet []bool func (bs BitSet) and(other BitSet) { for i := range bs { if bs[i] && other[i] { bs[i] = true } else { bs[i] = false } } } func (bs BitSet) or(other BitSet) { for i := range bs { if bs[i] || other[i] { bs[i] = true } else { bs[i] = false } } } func iff(cond bool, s1, s2 string) string { if cond { return s1 } return s2 } func newPuzzle(data [2]string) { rowData := strings.Fields(data[0]) colData := strings.Fields(data[1]) rows := getCandidates(rowData, len(colData)) cols := getCandidates(colData, len(rowData)) for { numChanged := reduceMutual(cols, rows) if numChanged == -1 { fmt.Println("No solution") return } if numChanged == 0 { break } } for _, row := range rows { for i := 0; i < len(cols); i++ { fmt.Printf(iff(row[0][i], "# ", ". ")) } fmt.Println() } fmt.Println() } func getCandidates(data []string, le int) [][]BitSet { var result [][]BitSet for _, s := range data { var lst []BitSet a := []byte(s) sumBytes := 0 for _, b := range a { sumBytes += int(b - 'A' + 1) } prep := make([]string, len(a)) for i, b := range a { prep[i] = strings.Repeat("1", int(b-'A'+1)) } for _, r := range genSequence(prep, le-sumBytes+1) { bits := []byte(r[1:]) bitset := make(BitSet, len(bits)) for i, b := range bits { bitset[i] = b == '1' } lst = append(lst, bitset) } result = append(result, lst) } return result } func genSequence(ones []string, numZeros int) []string { le := len(ones) if le == 0 { return []string{strings.Repeat("0", numZeros)} } var result []string for x := 1; x < numZeros-le+2; x++ { skipOne := ones[1:] for _, tail := range genSequence(skipOne, numZeros-x) { result = append(result, strings.Repeat("0", x)+ones[0]+tail) } } return result } func reduceMutual(cols, rows [][]BitSet) int { countRemoved1 := reduce(cols, rows) if countRemoved1 == -1 { return -1 } countRemoved2 := reduce(rows, cols) if countRemoved2 == -1 { return -1 } return countRemoved1 + countRemoved2 } func reduce(a, b [][]BitSet) int { countRemoved := 0 for i := 0; i < len(a); i++ { commonOn := make(BitSet, len(b)) for j := 0; j < len(b); j++ { commonOn[j] = true } commonOff := make(BitSet, len(b)) for _, candidate := range a[i] { commonOn.and(candidate) commonOff.or(candidate) } for j := 0; j < len(b); j++ { fi, fj := i, j for k := len(b[j]) - 1; k >= 0; k-- { cnd := b[j][k] if (commonOn[fj] && !cnd[fi]) || (!commonOff[fj] && cnd[fi]) { lb := len(b[j]) copy(b[j][k:], b[j][k+1:]) b[j][lb-1] = nil b[j] = b[j][:lb-1] countRemoved++ } } if len(b[j]) == 0 { return -1 } } } return countRemoved } func main() { p1 := [2]string{"C BA CB BB F AE F A B", "AB CA AE GA E C D C"} p2 := [2]string{ "F CAC ACAC CN AAA AABB EBB EAA ECCC HCCC", "D D AE CD AE A DA BBB CC AAB BAA AAB DA AAB AAA BAB AAA CD BBA DA", } p3 := [2]string{ "CA BDA ACC BD CCAC CBBAC BBBBB BAABAA ABAD AABB BBH " + "BBBD ABBAAA CCEA AACAAB BCACC ACBH DCH ADBE ADBB DBE ECE DAA DB CC", "BC CAC CBAB BDD CDBDE BEBDF ADCDFA DCCFB DBCFC ABDBA BBF AAF BADB DBF " + "AAAAD BDG CEF CBDB BBB FC", } p4 := [2]string{ "E BCB BEA BH BEK AABAF ABAC BAA BFB OD JH BADCF Q Q R AN AAN EI H G", "E CB BAB AAA AAA AC BB ACC ACCA AGB AIA AJ AJ " + "ACE AH BAF CAG DAG FAH FJ GJ ADK ABK BL CM", } for _, puzzleData := range [][2]string{p1, p2, p3, p4} { newPuzzle(puzzleData) } }
Please provide an equivalent version of this Python code in Go.
from itertools import izip def gen_row(w, s): def gen_seg(o, sp): if not o: return [[2] * sp] return [[2] * x + o[0] + tail for x in xrange(1, sp - len(o) + 2) for tail in gen_seg(o[1:], sp - x)] return [x[1:] for x in gen_seg([[1] * i for i in s], w + 1 - sum(s))] def deduce(hr, vr): def allowable(row): return reduce(lambda a, b: [x | y for x, y in izip(a, b)], row) def fits(a, b): return all(x & y for x, y in izip(a, b)) def fix_col(n): c = [x[n] for x in can_do] cols[n] = [x for x in cols[n] if fits(x, c)] for i, x in enumerate(allowable(cols[n])): if x != can_do[i][n]: mod_rows.add(i) can_do[i][n] &= x def fix_row(n): c = can_do[n] rows[n] = [x for x in rows[n] if fits(x, c)] for i, x in enumerate(allowable(rows[n])): if x != can_do[n][i]: mod_cols.add(i) can_do[n][i] &= x def show_gram(m): for x in m: print " ".join("x print w, h = len(vr), len(hr) rows = [gen_row(w, x) for x in hr] cols = [gen_row(h, x) for x in vr] can_do = map(allowable, rows) mod_rows, mod_cols = set(), set(xrange(w)) while mod_cols: for i in mod_cols: fix_col(i) mod_cols = set() for i in mod_rows: fix_row(i) mod_rows = set() if all(can_do[i][j] in (1, 2) for j in xrange(w) for i in xrange(h)): print "Solution would be unique" else: print "Solution may not be unique, doing exhaustive search:" out = [0] * h def try_all(n = 0): if n >= h: for j in xrange(w): if [x[j] for x in out] not in cols[j]: return 0 show_gram(out) return 1 sol = 0 for x in rows[n]: out[n] = x sol += try_all(n + 1) return sol n = try_all() if not n: print "No solution." elif n == 1: print "Unique solution." else: print n, "solutions." print def solve(p, show_runs=True): s = [[[ord(c) - ord('A') + 1 for c in w] for w in l.split()] for l in p.splitlines()] if show_runs: print "Horizontal runs:", s[0] print "Vertical runs:", s[1] deduce(s[0], s[1]) def main(): fn = "nonogram_problems.txt" for p in (x for x in open(fn).read().split("\n\n") if x): solve(p) print "Extra example not solvable by deduction alone:" solve("B B A A\nB B A A") print "Extra example where there is no solution:" solve("B A A\nA A A") main()
package main import ( "fmt" "strings" ) type BitSet []bool func (bs BitSet) and(other BitSet) { for i := range bs { if bs[i] && other[i] { bs[i] = true } else { bs[i] = false } } } func (bs BitSet) or(other BitSet) { for i := range bs { if bs[i] || other[i] { bs[i] = true } else { bs[i] = false } } } func iff(cond bool, s1, s2 string) string { if cond { return s1 } return s2 } func newPuzzle(data [2]string) { rowData := strings.Fields(data[0]) colData := strings.Fields(data[1]) rows := getCandidates(rowData, len(colData)) cols := getCandidates(colData, len(rowData)) for { numChanged := reduceMutual(cols, rows) if numChanged == -1 { fmt.Println("No solution") return } if numChanged == 0 { break } } for _, row := range rows { for i := 0; i < len(cols); i++ { fmt.Printf(iff(row[0][i], "# ", ". ")) } fmt.Println() } fmt.Println() } func getCandidates(data []string, le int) [][]BitSet { var result [][]BitSet for _, s := range data { var lst []BitSet a := []byte(s) sumBytes := 0 for _, b := range a { sumBytes += int(b - 'A' + 1) } prep := make([]string, len(a)) for i, b := range a { prep[i] = strings.Repeat("1", int(b-'A'+1)) } for _, r := range genSequence(prep, le-sumBytes+1) { bits := []byte(r[1:]) bitset := make(BitSet, len(bits)) for i, b := range bits { bitset[i] = b == '1' } lst = append(lst, bitset) } result = append(result, lst) } return result } func genSequence(ones []string, numZeros int) []string { le := len(ones) if le == 0 { return []string{strings.Repeat("0", numZeros)} } var result []string for x := 1; x < numZeros-le+2; x++ { skipOne := ones[1:] for _, tail := range genSequence(skipOne, numZeros-x) { result = append(result, strings.Repeat("0", x)+ones[0]+tail) } } return result } func reduceMutual(cols, rows [][]BitSet) int { countRemoved1 := reduce(cols, rows) if countRemoved1 == -1 { return -1 } countRemoved2 := reduce(rows, cols) if countRemoved2 == -1 { return -1 } return countRemoved1 + countRemoved2 } func reduce(a, b [][]BitSet) int { countRemoved := 0 for i := 0; i < len(a); i++ { commonOn := make(BitSet, len(b)) for j := 0; j < len(b); j++ { commonOn[j] = true } commonOff := make(BitSet, len(b)) for _, candidate := range a[i] { commonOn.and(candidate) commonOff.or(candidate) } for j := 0; j < len(b); j++ { fi, fj := i, j for k := len(b[j]) - 1; k >= 0; k-- { cnd := b[j][k] if (commonOn[fj] && !cnd[fi]) || (!commonOff[fj] && cnd[fi]) { lb := len(b[j]) copy(b[j][k:], b[j][k+1:]) b[j][lb-1] = nil b[j] = b[j][:lb-1] countRemoved++ } } if len(b[j]) == 0 { return -1 } } } return countRemoved } func main() { p1 := [2]string{"C BA CB BB F AE F A B", "AB CA AE GA E C D C"} p2 := [2]string{ "F CAC ACAC CN AAA AABB EBB EAA ECCC HCCC", "D D AE CD AE A DA BBB CC AAB BAA AAB DA AAB AAA BAB AAA CD BBA DA", } p3 := [2]string{ "CA BDA ACC BD CCAC CBBAC BBBBB BAABAA ABAD AABB BBH " + "BBBD ABBAAA CCEA AACAAB BCACC ACBH DCH ADBE ADBB DBE ECE DAA DB CC", "BC CAC CBAB BDD CDBDE BEBDF ADCDFA DCCFB DBCFC ABDBA BBF AAF BADB DBF " + "AAAAD BDG CEF CBDB BBB FC", } p4 := [2]string{ "E BCB BEA BH BEK AABAF ABAC BAA BFB OD JH BADCF Q Q R AN AAN EI H G", "E CB BAB AAA AAA AC BB ACC ACCA AGB AIA AJ AJ " + "ACE AH BAF CAG DAG FAH FJ GJ ADK ABK BL CM", } for _, puzzleData := range [][2]string{p1, p2, p3, p4} { newPuzzle(puzzleData) } }
Can you help me rewrite this code in Go instead of Python, keeping it the same logically?
import re from random import shuffle, randint dirs = [[1, 0], [0, 1], [1, 1], [1, -1], [-1, 0], [0, -1], [-1, -1], [-1, 1]] n_rows = 10 n_cols = 10 grid_size = n_rows * n_cols min_words = 25 class Grid: def __init__(self): self.num_attempts = 0 self.cells = [['' for _ in range(n_cols)] for _ in range(n_rows)] self.solutions = [] def read_words(filename): max_len = max(n_rows, n_cols) words = [] with open(filename, "r") as file: for line in file: s = line.strip().lower() if re.match(r'^[a-z]{3,' + re.escape(str(max_len)) + r'}$', s) is not None: words.append(s) return words def place_message(grid, msg): msg = re.sub(r'[^A-Z]', "", msg.upper()) message_len = len(msg) if 0 < message_len < grid_size: gap_size = grid_size // message_len for i in range(0, message_len): pos = i * gap_size + randint(0, gap_size) grid.cells[pos // n_cols][pos % n_cols] = msg[i] return message_len return 0 def try_location(grid, word, direction, pos): r = pos // n_cols c = pos % n_cols length = len(word) if (dirs[direction][0] == 1 and (length + c) > n_cols) or \ (dirs[direction][0] == -1 and (length - 1) > c) or \ (dirs[direction][1] == 1 and (length + r) > n_rows) or \ (dirs[direction][1] == -1 and (length - 1) > r): return 0 rr = r cc = c i = 0 overlaps = 0 while i < length: if grid.cells[rr][cc] != '' and grid.cells[rr][cc] != word[i]: return 0 cc += dirs[direction][0] rr += dirs[direction][1] i += 1 rr = r cc = c i = 0 while i < length: if grid.cells[rr][cc] == word[i]: overlaps += 1 else: grid.cells[rr][cc] = word[i] if i < length - 1: cc += dirs[direction][0] rr += dirs[direction][1] i += 1 letters_placed = length - overlaps if letters_placed > 0: grid.solutions.append("{0:<10} ({1},{2})({3},{4})".format(word, c, r, cc, rr)) return letters_placed def try_place_word(grid, word): rand_dir = randint(0, len(dirs)) rand_pos = randint(0, grid_size) for direction in range(0, len(dirs)): direction = (direction + rand_dir) % len(dirs) for pos in range(0, grid_size): pos = (pos + rand_pos) % grid_size letters_placed = try_location(grid, word, direction, pos) if letters_placed > 0: return letters_placed return 0 def create_word_search(words): grid = None num_attempts = 0 while num_attempts < 100: num_attempts += 1 shuffle(words) grid = Grid() message_len = place_message(grid, "Rosetta Code") target = grid_size - message_len cells_filled = 0 for word in words: cells_filled += try_place_word(grid, word) if cells_filled == target: if len(grid.solutions) >= min_words: grid.num_attempts = num_attempts return grid else: break return grid def print_result(grid): if grid is None or grid.num_attempts == 0: print("No grid to display") return size = len(grid.solutions) print("Attempts: {0}".format(grid.num_attempts)) print("Number of words: {0}".format(size)) print("\n 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9\n") for r in range(0, n_rows): print("{0} ".format(r), end='') for c in range(0, n_cols): print(" %c " % grid.cells[r][c], end='') print() print() for i in range(0, size - 1, 2): print("{0} {1}".format(grid.solutions[i], grid.solutions[i+1])) if size % 2 == 1: print(grid.solutions[size - 1]) if __name__ == "__main__": print_result(create_word_search(read_words("unixdict.txt")))
package main import ( "bufio" "fmt" "log" "math/rand" "os" "regexp" "strings" "time" ) var dirs = [][]int{{1, 0}, {0, 1}, {1, 1}, {1, -1}, {-1, 0}, {0, -1}, {-1, -1}, {-1, 1}} const ( nRows = 10 nCols = nRows gridSize = nRows * nCols minWords = 25 ) var ( re1 = regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf("^[a-z]{3,%d}$", nRows)) re2 = regexp.MustCompile("[^A-Z]") ) type grid struct { numAttempts int cells [nRows][nCols]byte solutions []string } func check(err error) { if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } } func readWords(fileName string) []string { file, err := os.Open(fileName) check(err) defer file.Close() var words []string scanner := bufio.NewScanner(file) for scanner.Scan() { word := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(scanner.Text())) if re1.MatchString(word) { words = append(words, word) } } check(scanner.Err()) return words } func createWordSearch(words []string) *grid { var gr *grid outer: for i := 1; i < 100; i++ { gr = new(grid) messageLen := gr.placeMessage("Rosetta Code") target := gridSize - messageLen cellsFilled := 0 rand.Shuffle(len(words), func(i, j int) { words[i], words[j] = words[j], words[i] }) for _, word := range words { cellsFilled += gr.tryPlaceWord(word) if cellsFilled == target { if len(gr.solutions) >= minWords { gr.numAttempts = i break outer } else { break } } } } return gr } func (gr *grid) placeMessage(msg string) int { msg = strings.ToUpper(msg) msg = re2.ReplaceAllLiteralString(msg, "") messageLen := len(msg) if messageLen > 0 && messageLen < gridSize { gapSize := gridSize / messageLen for i := 0; i < messageLen; i++ { pos := i*gapSize + rand.Intn(gapSize) gr.cells[pos/nCols][pos%nCols] = msg[i] } return messageLen } return 0 } func (gr *grid) tryPlaceWord(word string) int { randDir := rand.Intn(len(dirs)) randPos := rand.Intn(gridSize) for dir := 0; dir < len(dirs); dir++ { dir = (dir + randDir) % len(dirs) for pos := 0; pos < gridSize; pos++ { pos = (pos + randPos) % gridSize lettersPlaced := gr.tryLocation(word, dir, pos) if lettersPlaced > 0 { return lettersPlaced } } } return 0 } func (gr *grid) tryLocation(word string, dir, pos int) int { r := pos / nCols c := pos % nCols le := len(word) if (dirs[dir][0] == 1 && (le+c) > nCols) || (dirs[dir][0] == -1 && (le-1) > c) || (dirs[dir][1] == 1 && (le+r) > nRows) || (dirs[dir][1] == -1 && (le-1) > r) { return 0 } overlaps := 0 rr := r cc := c for i := 0; i < le; i++ { if gr.cells[rr][cc] != 0 && gr.cells[rr][cc] != word[i] { return 0 } cc += dirs[dir][0] rr += dirs[dir][1] } rr = r cc = c for i := 0; i < le; i++ { if gr.cells[rr][cc] == word[i] { overlaps++ } else { gr.cells[rr][cc] = word[i] } if i < le-1 { cc += dirs[dir][0] rr += dirs[dir][1] } } lettersPlaced := le - overlaps if lettersPlaced > 0 { sol := fmt.Sprintf("%-10s (%d,%d)(%d,%d)", word, c, r, cc, rr) gr.solutions = append(gr.solutions, sol) } return lettersPlaced } func printResult(gr *grid) { if gr.numAttempts == 0 { fmt.Println("No grid to display") return } size := len(gr.solutions) fmt.Println("Attempts:", gr.numAttempts) fmt.Println("Number of words:", size) fmt.Println("\n 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9") for r := 0; r < nRows; r++ { fmt.Printf("\n%d ", r) for c := 0; c < nCols; c++ { fmt.Printf(" %c ", gr.cells[r][c]) } } fmt.Println("\n") for i := 0; i < size-1; i += 2 { fmt.Printf("%s %s\n", gr.solutions[i], gr.solutions[i+1]) } if size%2 == 1 { fmt.Println(gr.solutions[size-1]) } } func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) unixDictPath := "/usr/share/dict/words" printResult(createWordSearch(readWords(unixDictPath))) }
Write a version of this Python function in Go with identical behavior.
>>> class MyClassName: __private = 123 non_private = __private * 2 >>> mine = MyClassName() >>> mine.non_private 246 >>> mine.__private Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell mine.__private AttributeError: 'MyClassName' object has no attribute '__private' >>> mine._MyClassName__private 123 >>>
package main import ( "bufio" "errors" "fmt" "os" "reflect" "unsafe" ) type foobar struct { Exported int unexported int } func main() { obj := foobar{12, 42} fmt.Println("obj:", obj) examineAndModify(&obj) fmt.Println("obj:", obj) anotherExample() } func examineAndModify(any interface{}) { v := reflect.ValueOf(any) v = v.Elem() fmt.Println(" v:", v, "=", v.Interface()) t := v.Type() fmt.Printf(" %3s %-10s %-4s %s\n", "Idx", "Name", "Type", "CanSet") for i := 0; i < v.NumField(); i++ { f := v.Field(i) fmt.Printf(" %2d: %-10s %-4s %t\n", i, t.Field(i).Name, f.Type(), f.CanSet()) } v.Field(0).SetInt(16) vp := v.Field(1).Addr() up := unsafe.Pointer(vp.Pointer()) p := (*int)(up) fmt.Printf(" vp has type %-14T = %v\n", vp, vp) fmt.Printf(" up has type %-14T = %#0x\n", up, up) fmt.Printf(" p has type %-14T = %v pointing at %v\n", p, p, *p) *p = 43 *(*int)(unsafe.Pointer(v.Field(1).Addr().Pointer()))++ } func anotherExample() { r := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin) errp := (*error)(unsafe.Pointer( reflect.ValueOf(r).Elem().FieldByName("err").Addr().Pointer())) *errp = errors.New("unsafely injected error value into bufio inner workings") _, err := r.ReadByte() fmt.Println("bufio.ReadByte returned error:", err) }
Port the provided Python code into Go while preserving the original functionality.
>>> class MyClassName: __private = 123 non_private = __private * 2 >>> mine = MyClassName() >>> mine.non_private 246 >>> mine.__private Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell mine.__private AttributeError: 'MyClassName' object has no attribute '__private' >>> mine._MyClassName__private 123 >>>
package main import ( "bufio" "errors" "fmt" "os" "reflect" "unsafe" ) type foobar struct { Exported int unexported int } func main() { obj := foobar{12, 42} fmt.Println("obj:", obj) examineAndModify(&obj) fmt.Println("obj:", obj) anotherExample() } func examineAndModify(any interface{}) { v := reflect.ValueOf(any) v = v.Elem() fmt.Println(" v:", v, "=", v.Interface()) t := v.Type() fmt.Printf(" %3s %-10s %-4s %s\n", "Idx", "Name", "Type", "CanSet") for i := 0; i < v.NumField(); i++ { f := v.Field(i) fmt.Printf(" %2d: %-10s %-4s %t\n", i, t.Field(i).Name, f.Type(), f.CanSet()) } v.Field(0).SetInt(16) vp := v.Field(1).Addr() up := unsafe.Pointer(vp.Pointer()) p := (*int)(up) fmt.Printf(" vp has type %-14T = %v\n", vp, vp) fmt.Printf(" up has type %-14T = %#0x\n", up, up) fmt.Printf(" p has type %-14T = %v pointing at %v\n", p, p, *p) *p = 43 *(*int)(unsafe.Pointer(v.Field(1).Addr().Pointer()))++ } func anotherExample() { r := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin) errp := (*error)(unsafe.Pointer( reflect.ValueOf(r).Elem().FieldByName("err").Addr().Pointer())) *errp = errors.New("unsafely injected error value into bufio inner workings") _, err := r.ReadByte() fmt.Println("bufio.ReadByte returned error:", err) }
Convert the following code from Python to Go, ensuring the logic remains intact.
import pickle class Entity: def __init__(self): self.name = "Entity" def printName(self): print self.name class Person(Entity): def __init__(self): self.name = "Cletus" instance1 = Person() instance1.printName() instance2 = Entity() instance2.printName() target = file("objects.dat", "w") pickle.dump((instance1, instance2), target) target.close() print "Serialized..." target = file("objects.dat") i1, i2 = pickle.load(target) print "Unserialized..." i1.printName() i2.printName()
package main import ( "encoding/gob" "fmt" "os" ) type printable interface { print() } func main() { animals := []printable{ &Animal{Alive: true}, &Cat{}, &Lab{ Dog: Dog{Animal: Animal{Alive: true}}, Color: "yellow", }, &Collie{Dog: Dog{ Animal: Animal{Alive: true}, ObedienceTrained: true, }}, } fmt.Println("created:") for _, a := range animals { a.print() } f, err := os.Create("objects.dat") if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) return } for _, a := range animals { gob.Register(a) } err = gob.NewEncoder(f).Encode(animals) if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) return } f.Close() f, err = os.Open("objects.dat") if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) return } var clones []printable gob.NewDecoder(f).Decode(&clones) if err != nil { fmt.Println(err) return } fmt.Println("\nloaded from objects.dat:") for _, c := range clones { c.print() } } type Animal struct { Alive bool } func (a *Animal) print() { if a.Alive { fmt.Println(" live animal, unspecified type") } else { fmt.Println(" dead animal, unspecified type") } } type Dog struct { Animal ObedienceTrained bool } func (d *Dog) print() { switch { case !d.Alive: fmt.Println(" dead dog") case d.ObedienceTrained: fmt.Println(" trained dog") default: fmt.Println(" dog, not trained") } } type Cat struct { Animal LitterBoxTrained bool } func (c *Cat) print() { switch { case !c.Alive: fmt.Println(" dead cat") case c.LitterBoxTrained: fmt.Println(" litter box trained cat") default: fmt.Println(" cat, not litter box trained") } } type Lab struct { Dog Color string } func (l *Lab) print() { var r string if l.Color == "" { r = "lab, color unspecified" } else { r = l.Color + " lab" } switch { case !l.Alive: fmt.Println(" dead", r) case l.ObedienceTrained: fmt.Println(" trained", r) default: fmt.Printf(" %s, not trained\n", r) } } type Collie struct { Dog CatchesFrisbee bool } func (c *Collie) print() { switch { case !c.Alive: fmt.Println(" dead collie") case c.ObedienceTrained && c.CatchesFrisbee: fmt.Println(" trained collie, catches frisbee") case c.ObedienceTrained && !c.CatchesFrisbee: fmt.Println(" trained collie, but doesn't catch frisbee") case !c.ObedienceTrained && c.CatchesFrisbee: fmt.Println(" collie, not trained, but catches frisbee") case !c.ObedienceTrained && !c.CatchesFrisbee: fmt.Println(" collie, not trained, doesn't catch frisbee") } }
Rewrite the snippet below in Go so it works the same as the original Python code.
from __future__ import print_function class Node(object): def __init__(self): self.edges = {} self.link = None self.len = 0 class Eertree(object): def __init__(self): self.nodes = [] self.rto = Node() self.rte = Node() self.rto.link = self.rte.link = self.rto; self.rto.len = -1 self.rte.len = 0 self.S = [0] self.maxSufT = self.rte def get_max_suffix_pal(self, startNode, a): u = startNode i = len(self.S) k = u.len while id(u) != id(self.rto) and self.S[i - k - 1] != a: assert id(u) != id(u.link) u = u.link k = u.len return u def add(self, a): Q = self.get_max_suffix_pal(self.maxSufT, a) createANewNode = not a in Q.edges if createANewNode: P = Node() self.nodes.append(P) P.len = Q.len + 2 if P.len == 1: P.link = self.rte else: P.link = self.get_max_suffix_pal(Q.link, a).edges[a] Q.edges[a] = P self.maxSufT = Q.edges[a] self.S.append(a) return createANewNode def get_sub_palindromes(self, nd, nodesToHere, charsToHere, result): for lnkName in nd.edges: nd2 = nd.edges[lnkName] self.get_sub_palindromes(nd2, nodesToHere+[nd2], charsToHere+[lnkName], result) if id(nd) != id(self.rto) and id(nd) != id(self.rte): tmp = "".join(charsToHere) if id(nodesToHere[0]) == id(self.rte): assembled = tmp[::-1] + tmp else: assembled = tmp[::-1] + tmp[1:] result.append(assembled) if __name__=="__main__": st = "eertree" print ("Processing string", st) eertree = Eertree() for ch in st: eertree.add(ch) print ("Number of sub-palindromes:", len(eertree.nodes)) result = [] eertree.get_sub_palindromes(eertree.rto, [eertree.rto], [], result) eertree.get_sub_palindromes(eertree.rte, [eertree.rte], [], result) print ("Sub-palindromes:", result)
package main import "fmt" func main() { tree := eertree([]byte("eertree")) fmt.Println(subPalindromes(tree)) } type edges map[byte]int type node struct { length int edges suffix int } const evenRoot = 0 const oddRoot = 1 func eertree(s []byte) []node { tree := []node{ evenRoot: {length: 0, suffix: oddRoot, edges: edges{}}, oddRoot: {length: -1, suffix: oddRoot, edges: edges{}}, } suffix := oddRoot var n, k int for i, c := range s { for n = suffix; ; n = tree[n].suffix { k = tree[n].length if b := i - k - 1; b >= 0 && s[b] == c { break } } if e, ok := tree[n].edges[c]; ok { suffix = e continue } suffix = len(tree) tree = append(tree, node{length: k + 2, edges: edges{}}) tree[n].edges[c] = suffix if tree[suffix].length == 1 { tree[suffix].suffix = 0 continue } for { n = tree[n].suffix if b := i - tree[n].length - 1; b >= 0 && s[b] == c { break } } tree[suffix].suffix = tree[n].edges[c] } return tree } func subPalindromes(tree []node) (s []string) { var children func(int, string) children = func(n int, p string) { for c, n := range tree[n].edges { c := string(c) p := c + p + c s = append(s, p) children(n, p) } } children(0, "") for c, n := range tree[1].edges { c := string(c) s = append(s, c) children(n, c) } return }
Ensure the translated Go code behaves exactly like the original Python snippet.
from __future__ import print_function class Node(object): def __init__(self): self.edges = {} self.link = None self.len = 0 class Eertree(object): def __init__(self): self.nodes = [] self.rto = Node() self.rte = Node() self.rto.link = self.rte.link = self.rto; self.rto.len = -1 self.rte.len = 0 self.S = [0] self.maxSufT = self.rte def get_max_suffix_pal(self, startNode, a): u = startNode i = len(self.S) k = u.len while id(u) != id(self.rto) and self.S[i - k - 1] != a: assert id(u) != id(u.link) u = u.link k = u.len return u def add(self, a): Q = self.get_max_suffix_pal(self.maxSufT, a) createANewNode = not a in Q.edges if createANewNode: P = Node() self.nodes.append(P) P.len = Q.len + 2 if P.len == 1: P.link = self.rte else: P.link = self.get_max_suffix_pal(Q.link, a).edges[a] Q.edges[a] = P self.maxSufT = Q.edges[a] self.S.append(a) return createANewNode def get_sub_palindromes(self, nd, nodesToHere, charsToHere, result): for lnkName in nd.edges: nd2 = nd.edges[lnkName] self.get_sub_palindromes(nd2, nodesToHere+[nd2], charsToHere+[lnkName], result) if id(nd) != id(self.rto) and id(nd) != id(self.rte): tmp = "".join(charsToHere) if id(nodesToHere[0]) == id(self.rte): assembled = tmp[::-1] + tmp else: assembled = tmp[::-1] + tmp[1:] result.append(assembled) if __name__=="__main__": st = "eertree" print ("Processing string", st) eertree = Eertree() for ch in st: eertree.add(ch) print ("Number of sub-palindromes:", len(eertree.nodes)) result = [] eertree.get_sub_palindromes(eertree.rto, [eertree.rto], [], result) eertree.get_sub_palindromes(eertree.rte, [eertree.rte], [], result) print ("Sub-palindromes:", result)
package main import "fmt" func main() { tree := eertree([]byte("eertree")) fmt.Println(subPalindromes(tree)) } type edges map[byte]int type node struct { length int edges suffix int } const evenRoot = 0 const oddRoot = 1 func eertree(s []byte) []node { tree := []node{ evenRoot: {length: 0, suffix: oddRoot, edges: edges{}}, oddRoot: {length: -1, suffix: oddRoot, edges: edges{}}, } suffix := oddRoot var n, k int for i, c := range s { for n = suffix; ; n = tree[n].suffix { k = tree[n].length if b := i - k - 1; b >= 0 && s[b] == c { break } } if e, ok := tree[n].edges[c]; ok { suffix = e continue } suffix = len(tree) tree = append(tree, node{length: k + 2, edges: edges{}}) tree[n].edges[c] = suffix if tree[suffix].length == 1 { tree[suffix].suffix = 0 continue } for { n = tree[n].suffix if b := i - tree[n].length - 1; b >= 0 && s[b] == c { break } } tree[suffix].suffix = tree[n].edges[c] } return tree } func subPalindromes(tree []node) (s []string) { var children func(int, string) children = func(n int, p string) { for c, n := range tree[n].edges { c := string(c) p := c + p + c s = append(s, p) children(n, p) } } children(0, "") for c, n := range tree[1].edges { c := string(c) s = append(s, c) children(n, c) } return }
Preserve the algorithm and functionality while converting the code from Python to Go.
from datetime import date def longYear(y): return 52 < date(y, 12, 28).isocalendar()[1] def main(): for year in [ x for x in range(2000, 1 + 2100) if longYear(x) ]: print(year) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
package main import ( "fmt" "time" ) func main() { centuries := []string{"20th", "21st", "22nd"} starts := []int{1900, 2000, 2100} for i := 0; i < len(centuries); i++ { var longYears []int fmt.Printf("\nLong years in the %s century:\n", centuries[i]) for j := starts[i]; j < starts[i] + 100; j++ { t := time.Date(j, time.December, 28, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC) if _, week := t.ISOWeek(); week == 53 { longYears = append(longYears, j) } } fmt.Println(longYears) } }
Translate the given Python code snippet into Go without altering its behavior.
from sympy import divisors from sympy.combinatorics.subsets import Subset def isZumkeller(n): d = divisors(n) s = sum(d) if not s % 2 and max(d) <= s/2: for x in range(1, 2**len(d)): if sum(Subset.unrank_binary(x, d).subset) == s/2: return True return False def printZumkellers(N, oddonly=False): nprinted = 0 for n in range(1, 10**5): if (oddonly == False or n % 2) and isZumkeller(n): print(f'{n:>8}', end='') nprinted += 1 if nprinted % 10 == 0: print() if nprinted >= N: return print("220 Zumkeller numbers:") printZumkellers(220) print("\n\n40 odd Zumkeller numbers:") printZumkellers(40, True)
package main import "fmt" func getDivisors(n int) []int { divs := []int{1, n} for i := 2; i*i <= n; i++ { if n%i == 0 { j := n / i divs = append(divs, i) if i != j { divs = append(divs, j) } } } return divs } func sum(divs []int) int { sum := 0 for _, div := range divs { sum += div } return sum } func isPartSum(divs []int, sum int) bool { if sum == 0 { return true } le := len(divs) if le == 0 { return false } last := divs[le-1] divs = divs[0 : le-1] if last > sum { return isPartSum(divs, sum) } return isPartSum(divs, sum) || isPartSum(divs, sum-last) } func isZumkeller(n int) bool { divs := getDivisors(n) sum := sum(divs) if sum%2 == 1 { return false } if n%2 == 1 { abundance := sum - 2*n return abundance > 0 && abundance%2 == 0 } return isPartSum(divs, sum/2) } func main() { fmt.Println("The first 220 Zumkeller numbers are:") for i, count := 2, 0; count < 220; i++ { if isZumkeller(i) { fmt.Printf("%3d ", i) count++ if count%20 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } } fmt.Println("\nThe first 40 odd Zumkeller numbers are:") for i, count := 3, 0; count < 40; i += 2 { if isZumkeller(i) { fmt.Printf("%5d ", i) count++ if count%10 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } } fmt.Println("\nThe first 40 odd Zumkeller numbers which don't end in 5 are:") for i, count := 3, 0; count < 40; i += 2 { if (i % 10 != 5) && isZumkeller(i) { fmt.Printf("%7d ", i) count++ if count%8 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } } fmt.Println() }
Ensure the translated Go code behaves exactly like the original Python snippet.
base = {"name":"Rocket Skates", "price":12.75, "color":"yellow"} update = {"price":15.25, "color":"red", "year":1974} result = {**base, **update} print(result)
package main import "fmt" type assoc map[string]interface{} func merge(base, update assoc) assoc { result := make(assoc) for k, v := range base { result[k] = v } for k, v := range update { result[k] = v } return result } func main() { base := assoc{"name": "Rocket Skates", "price": 12.75, "color": "yellow"} update := assoc{"price": 15.25, "color": "red", "year": 1974} result := merge(base, update) fmt.Println(result) }
Convert this Python snippet to Go and keep its semantics consistent.
base = {"name":"Rocket Skates", "price":12.75, "color":"yellow"} update = {"price":15.25, "color":"red", "year":1974} result = {**base, **update} print(result)
package main import "fmt" type assoc map[string]interface{} func merge(base, update assoc) assoc { result := make(assoc) for k, v := range base { result[k] = v } for k, v := range update { result[k] = v } return result } func main() { base := assoc{"name": "Rocket Skates", "price": 12.75, "color": "yellow"} update := assoc{"price": 15.25, "color": "red", "year": 1974} result := merge(base, update) fmt.Println(result) }
Rewrite the snippet below in Go so it works the same as the original Python code.
base = {"name":"Rocket Skates", "price":12.75, "color":"yellow"} update = {"price":15.25, "color":"red", "year":1974} result = {**base, **update} print(result)
package main import "fmt" type assoc map[string]interface{} func merge(base, update assoc) assoc { result := make(assoc) for k, v := range base { result[k] = v } for k, v := range update { result[k] = v } return result } func main() { base := assoc{"name": "Rocket Skates", "price": 12.75, "color": "yellow"} update := assoc{"price": 15.25, "color": "red", "year": 1974} result := merge(base, update) fmt.Println(result) }
Port the provided Python code into Go while preserving the original functionality.
from itertools import count, islice from _pydecimal import getcontext, Decimal def metallic_ratio(b): m, n = 1, 1 while True: yield m, n m, n = m*b + n, m def stable(b, prec): def to_decimal(b): for m,n in metallic_ratio(b): yield Decimal(m)/Decimal(n) getcontext().prec = prec last = 0 for i,x in zip(count(), to_decimal(b)): if x == last: print(f'after {i} iterations:\n\t{x}') break last = x for b in range(4): coefs = [n for _,n in islice(metallic_ratio(b), 15)] print(f'\nb = {b}: {coefs}') stable(b, 32) print(f'\nb = 1 with 256 digits:') stable(1, 256)
package main import ( "fmt" "math/big" ) var names = [10]string{"Platinum", "Golden", "Silver", "Bronze", "Copper", "Nickel", "Aluminium", "Iron", "Tin", "Lead"} func lucas(b int64) { fmt.Printf("Lucas sequence for %s ratio, where b = %d:\n", names[b], b) fmt.Print("First 15 elements: ") var x0, x1 int64 = 1, 1 fmt.Printf("%d, %d", x0, x1) for i := 1; i <= 13; i++ { x2 := b*x1 + x0 fmt.Printf(", %d", x2) x0, x1 = x1, x2 } fmt.Println() } func metallic(b int64, dp int) { x0, x1, x2, bb := big.NewInt(1), big.NewInt(1), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(b) ratio := big.NewRat(1, 1) iters := 0 prev := ratio.FloatString(dp) for { iters++ x2.Mul(bb, x1) x2.Add(x2, x0) this := ratio.SetFrac(x2, x1).FloatString(dp) if prev == this { plural := "s" if iters == 1 { plural = " " } fmt.Printf("Value to %d dp after %2d iteration%s: %s\n\n", dp, iters, plural, this) return } prev = this x0.Set(x1) x1.Set(x2) } } func main() { for b := int64(0); b < 10; b++ { lucas(b) metallic(b, 32) } fmt.Println("Golden ratio, where b = 1:") metallic(1, 256) }
Translate the given Python code snippet into Go without altering its behavior.
from itertools import count, islice from _pydecimal import getcontext, Decimal def metallic_ratio(b): m, n = 1, 1 while True: yield m, n m, n = m*b + n, m def stable(b, prec): def to_decimal(b): for m,n in metallic_ratio(b): yield Decimal(m)/Decimal(n) getcontext().prec = prec last = 0 for i,x in zip(count(), to_decimal(b)): if x == last: print(f'after {i} iterations:\n\t{x}') break last = x for b in range(4): coefs = [n for _,n in islice(metallic_ratio(b), 15)] print(f'\nb = {b}: {coefs}') stable(b, 32) print(f'\nb = 1 with 256 digits:') stable(1, 256)
package main import ( "fmt" "math/big" ) var names = [10]string{"Platinum", "Golden", "Silver", "Bronze", "Copper", "Nickel", "Aluminium", "Iron", "Tin", "Lead"} func lucas(b int64) { fmt.Printf("Lucas sequence for %s ratio, where b = %d:\n", names[b], b) fmt.Print("First 15 elements: ") var x0, x1 int64 = 1, 1 fmt.Printf("%d, %d", x0, x1) for i := 1; i <= 13; i++ { x2 := b*x1 + x0 fmt.Printf(", %d", x2) x0, x1 = x1, x2 } fmt.Println() } func metallic(b int64, dp int) { x0, x1, x2, bb := big.NewInt(1), big.NewInt(1), big.NewInt(0), big.NewInt(b) ratio := big.NewRat(1, 1) iters := 0 prev := ratio.FloatString(dp) for { iters++ x2.Mul(bb, x1) x2.Add(x2, x0) this := ratio.SetFrac(x2, x1).FloatString(dp) if prev == this { plural := "s" if iters == 1 { plural = " " } fmt.Printf("Value to %d dp after %2d iteration%s: %s\n\n", dp, iters, plural, this) return } prev = this x0.Set(x1) x1.Set(x2) } } func main() { for b := int64(0); b < 10; b++ { lucas(b) metallic(b, 32) } fmt.Println("Golden ratio, where b = 1:") metallic(1, 256) }
Convert the following code from Python to Go, ensuring the logic remains intact.
import random, sys def makerule(data, context): rule = {} words = data.split(' ') index = context for word in words[index:]: key = ' '.join(words[index-context:index]) if key in rule: rule[key].append(word) else: rule[key] = [word] index += 1 return rule def makestring(rule, length): oldwords = random.choice(list(rule.keys())).split(' ') string = ' '.join(oldwords) + ' ' for i in range(length): try: key = ' '.join(oldwords) newword = random.choice(rule[key]) string += newword + ' ' for word in range(len(oldwords)): oldwords[word] = oldwords[(word + 1) % len(oldwords)] oldwords[-1] = newword except KeyError: return string return string if __name__ == '__main__': with open(sys.argv[1], encoding='utf8') as f: data = f.read() rule = makerule(data, int(sys.argv[2])) string = makestring(rule, int(sys.argv[3])) print(string)
package main import ( "bufio" "flag" "fmt" "io" "log" "math/rand" "os" "strings" "time" "unicode" "unicode/utf8" ) func main() { log.SetFlags(0) log.SetPrefix("markov: ") input := flag.String("in", "alice_oz.txt", "input file") n := flag.Int("n", 2, "number of words to use as prefix") runs := flag.Int("runs", 1, "number of runs to generate") wordsPerRun := flag.Int("words", 300, "number of words per run") startOnCapital := flag.Bool("capital", false, "start output with a capitalized prefix") stopAtSentence := flag.Bool("sentence", false, "end output at a sentence ending punctuation mark (after n words)") flag.Parse() rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) m, err := NewMarkovFromFile(*input, *n) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } for i := 0; i < *runs; i++ { err = m.Output(os.Stdout, *wordsPerRun, *startOnCapital, *stopAtSentence) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } fmt.Println() } } type Markov struct { n int capitalized int suffix map[string][]string } func NewMarkovFromFile(filename string, n int) (*Markov, error) { f, err := os.Open(filename) if err != nil { return nil, err } defer f.Close() return NewMarkov(f, n) } func NewMarkov(r io.Reader, n int) (*Markov, error) { m := &Markov{ n: n, suffix: make(map[string][]string), } sc := bufio.NewScanner(r) sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords) window := make([]string, 0, n) for sc.Scan() { word := sc.Text() if len(window) > 0 { prefix := strings.Join(window, " ") m.suffix[prefix] = append(m.suffix[prefix], word) if isCapitalized(prefix) { m.capitalized++ } } window = appendMax(n, window, word) } if err := sc.Err(); err != nil { return nil, err } return m, nil } func (m *Markov) Output(w io.Writer, n int, startCapital, stopSentence bool) error { bw := bufio.NewWriter(w) var i int if startCapital { i = rand.Intn(m.capitalized) } else { i = rand.Intn(len(m.suffix)) } var prefix string for prefix = range m.suffix { if startCapital && !isCapitalized(prefix) { continue } if i == 0 { break } i-- } bw.WriteString(prefix) prefixWords := strings.Fields(prefix) n -= len(prefixWords) for { suffixChoices := m.suffix[prefix] if len(suffixChoices) == 0 { break } i = rand.Intn(len(suffixChoices)) suffix := suffixChoices[i] bw.WriteByte(' ') if _, err := bw.WriteString(suffix); err != nil { break } n-- if n < 0 && (!stopSentence || isSentenceEnd(suffix)) { break } prefixWords = appendMax(m.n, prefixWords, suffix) prefix = strings.Join(prefixWords, " ") } return bw.Flush() } func isCapitalized(s string) bool { r, _ := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(s) return unicode.IsUpper(r) } func isSentenceEnd(s string) bool { r, _ := utf8.DecodeLastRuneInString(s) return r == '.' || r == '?' || r == '!' } func appendMax(max int, slice []string, value string) []string { if len(slice)+1 > max { n := copy(slice, slice[1:]) slice = slice[:n] } return append(slice, value) }
Port the provided Python code into Go while preserving the original functionality.
from collections import namedtuple, deque from pprint import pprint as pp inf = float('inf') Edge = namedtuple('Edge', ['start', 'end', 'cost']) class Graph(): def __init__(self, edges): self.edges = [Edge(*edge) for edge in edges] self.vertices = {e.start for e in self.edges} | {e.end for e in self.edges} def dijkstra(self, source, dest): assert source in self.vertices dist = {vertex: inf for vertex in self.vertices} previous = {vertex: None for vertex in self.vertices} dist[source] = 0 q = self.vertices.copy() neighbours = {vertex: set() for vertex in self.vertices} for start, end, cost in self.edges: neighbours[start].add((end, cost)) neighbours[end].add((start, cost)) while q: u = min(q, key=lambda vertex: dist[vertex]) q.remove(u) if dist[u] == inf or u == dest: break for v, cost in neighbours[u]: alt = dist[u] + cost if alt < dist[v]: dist[v] = alt previous[v] = u s, u = deque(), dest while previous[u]: s.appendleft(u) u = previous[u] s.appendleft(u) return s graph = Graph([("a", "b", 7), ("a", "c", 9), ("a", "f", 14), ("b", "c", 10), ("b", "d", 15), ("c", "d", 11), ("c", "f", 2), ("d", "e", 6), ("e", "f", 9)]) pp(graph.dijkstra("a", "e"))
package main import ( "container/heap" "fmt" ) type PriorityQueue struct { items []Vertex m map[Vertex]int pr map[Vertex]int } func (pq *PriorityQueue) Len() int { return len(pq.items) } func (pq *PriorityQueue) Less(i, j int) bool { return pq.pr[pq.items[i]] < pq.pr[pq.items[j]] } func (pq *PriorityQueue) Swap(i, j int) { pq.items[i], pq.items[j] = pq.items[j], pq.items[i] pq.m[pq.items[i]] = i pq.m[pq.items[j]] = j } func (pq *PriorityQueue) Push(x interface{}) { n := len(pq.items) item := x.(Vertex) pq.m[item] = n pq.items = append(pq.items, item) } func (pq *PriorityQueue) Pop() interface{} { old := pq.items n := len(old) item := old[n-1] pq.m[item] = -1 pq.items = old[0 : n-1] return item } func (pq *PriorityQueue) update(item Vertex, priority int) { pq.pr[item] = priority heap.Fix(pq, pq.m[item]) } func (pq *PriorityQueue) addWithPriority(item Vertex, priority int) { heap.Push(pq, item) pq.update(item, priority) } const ( Infinity = int(^uint(0) >> 1) Uninitialized = -1 ) func Dijkstra(g Graph, source Vertex) (dist map[Vertex]int, prev map[Vertex]Vertex) { vs := g.Vertices() dist = make(map[Vertex]int, len(vs)) prev = make(map[Vertex]Vertex, len(vs)) sid := source dist[sid] = 0 q := &PriorityQueue{ items: make([]Vertex, 0, len(vs)), m: make(map[Vertex]int, len(vs)), pr: make(map[Vertex]int, len(vs)), } for _, v := range vs { if v != sid { dist[v] = Infinity } prev[v] = Uninitialized q.addWithPriority(v, dist[v]) } for len(q.items) != 0 { u := heap.Pop(q).(Vertex) for _, v := range g.Neighbors(u) { alt := dist[u] + g.Weight(u, v) if alt < dist[v] { dist[v] = alt prev[v] = u q.update(v, alt) } } } return dist, prev } type Graph interface { Vertices() []Vertex Neighbors(v Vertex) []Vertex Weight(u, v Vertex) int } type Vertex int type sg struct { ids map[string]Vertex names map[Vertex]string edges map[Vertex]map[Vertex]int } func newsg(ids map[string]Vertex) sg { g := sg{ids: ids} g.names = make(map[Vertex]string, len(ids)) for k, v := range ids { g.names[v] = k } g.edges = make(map[Vertex]map[Vertex]int) return g } func (g sg) edge(u, v string, w int) { if _, ok := g.edges[g.ids[u]]; !ok { g.edges[g.ids[u]] = make(map[Vertex]int) } g.edges[g.ids[u]][g.ids[v]] = w } func (g sg) path(v Vertex, prev map[Vertex]Vertex) (s string) { s = g.names[v] for prev[v] >= 0 { v = prev[v] s = g.names[v] + s } return s } func (g sg) Vertices() []Vertex { vs := make([]Vertex, 0, len(g.ids)) for _, v := range g.ids { vs = append(vs, v) } return vs } func (g sg) Neighbors(u Vertex) []Vertex { vs := make([]Vertex, 0, len(g.edges[u])) for v := range g.edges[u] { vs = append(vs, v) } return vs } func (g sg) Weight(u, v Vertex) int { return g.edges[u][v] } func main() { g := newsg(map[string]Vertex{ "a": 1, "b": 2, "c": 3, "d": 4, "e": 5, "f": 6, }) g.edge("a", "b", 7) g.edge("a", "c", 9) g.edge("a", "f", 14) g.edge("b", "c", 10) g.edge("b", "d", 15) g.edge("c", "d", 11) g.edge("c", "f", 2) g.edge("d", "e", 6) g.edge("e", "f", 9) dist, prev := Dijkstra(g, g.ids["a"]) fmt.Printf("Distance to %s: %d, Path: %s\n", "e", dist[g.ids["e"]], g.path(g.ids["e"], prev)) fmt.Printf("Distance to %s: %d, Path: %s\n", "f", dist[g.ids["f"]], g.path(g.ids["f"], prev)) }
Maintain the same structure and functionality when rewriting this code in Go.
import copy, random def bitcount(n): return bin(n).count("1") def reoderingSign(i, j): k = i >> 1 sum = 0 while k != 0: sum += bitcount(k & j) k = k >> 1 return 1.0 if ((sum & 1) == 0) else -1.0 class Vector: def __init__(self, da): self.dims = da def dot(self, other): return (self * other + other * self) * 0.5 def __getitem__(self, i): return self.dims[i] def __setitem__(self, i, v): self.dims[i] = v def __neg__(self): return self * -1.0 def __add__(self, other): result = copy.copy(other.dims) for i in xrange(0, len(self.dims)): result[i] += self.dims[i] return Vector(result) def __mul__(self, other): if isinstance(other, Vector): result = [0.0] * 32 for i in xrange(0, len(self.dims)): if self.dims[i] != 0.0: for j in xrange(0, len(self.dims)): if other.dims[j] != 0.0: s = reoderingSign(i, j) * self.dims[i] * other.dims[j] k = i ^ j result[k] += s return Vector(result) else: result = copy.copy(self.dims) for i in xrange(0, len(self.dims)): self.dims[i] *= other return Vector(result) def __str__(self): return str(self.dims) def e(n): assert n <= 4, "n must be less than 5" result = Vector([0.0] * 32) result[1 << n] = 1.0 return result def randomVector(): result = Vector([0.0] * 32) for i in xrange(0, 5): result += Vector([random.uniform(0, 1)]) * e(i) return result def randomMultiVector(): result = Vector([0.0] * 32) for i in xrange(0, 32): result[i] = random.uniform(0, 1) return result def main(): for i in xrange(0, 5): for j in xrange(0, 5): if i < j: if e(i).dot(e(j))[0] != 0.0: print "Unexpected non-null scalar product" return elif i == j: if e(i).dot(e(j))[0] == 0.0: print "Unexpected non-null scalar product" a = randomMultiVector() b = randomMultiVector() c = randomMultiVector() x = randomVector() print (a * b) * c print a * (b * c) print print a * (b + c) print a * b + a * c print print (a + b) * c print a * c + b * c print print x * x main()
package main import ( "fmt" "math/rand" "time" ) type vector []float64 func e(n uint) vector { if n > 4 { panic("n must be less than 5") } result := make(vector, 32) result[1<<n] = 1.0 return result } func cdot(a, b vector) vector { return mul(vector{0.5}, add(mul(a, b), mul(b, a))) } func neg(x vector) vector { return mul(vector{-1}, x) } func bitCount(i int) int { i = i - ((i >> 1) & 0x55555555) i = (i & 0x33333333) + ((i >> 2) & 0x33333333) i = (i + (i >> 4)) & 0x0F0F0F0F i = i + (i >> 8) i = i + (i >> 16) return i & 0x0000003F } func reorderingSign(i, j int) float64 { i >>= 1 sum := 0 for i != 0 { sum += bitCount(i & j) i >>= 1 } cond := (sum & 1) == 0 if cond { return 1.0 } return -1.0 } func add(a, b vector) vector { result := make(vector, 32) copy(result, a) for i, _ := range b { result[i] += b[i] } return result } func mul(a, b vector) vector { result := make(vector, 32) for i, _ := range a { if a[i] != 0 { for j, _ := range b { if b[j] != 0 { s := reorderingSign(i, j) * a[i] * b[j] k := i ^ j result[k] += s } } } } return result } func randomVector() vector { result := make(vector, 32) for i := uint(0); i < 5; i++ { result = add(result, mul(vector{rand.Float64()}, e(i))) } return result } func randomMultiVector() vector { result := make(vector, 32) for i := 0; i < 32; i++ { result[i] = rand.Float64() } return result } func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) for i := uint(0); i < 5; i++ { for j := uint(0); j < 5; j++ { if i < j { if cdot(e(i), e(j))[0] != 0 { fmt.Println("Unexpected non-null scalar product.") return } } else if i == j { if cdot(e(i), e(j))[0] == 0 { fmt.Println("Unexpected null scalar product.") } } } } a := randomMultiVector() b := randomMultiVector() c := randomMultiVector() x := randomVector() fmt.Println(mul(mul(a, b), c)) fmt.Println(mul(a, mul(b, c))) fmt.Println(mul(a, add(b, c))) fmt.Println(add(mul(a, b), mul(a, c))) fmt.Println(mul(add(a, b), c)) fmt.Println(add(mul(a, c), mul(b, c))) fmt.Println(mul(x, x)) }
Produce a functionally identical Go code for the snippet given in Python.
class Node: def __init__(self, sub="", children=None): self.sub = sub self.ch = children or [] class SuffixTree: def __init__(self, str): self.nodes = [Node()] for i in range(len(str)): self.addSuffix(str[i:]) def addSuffix(self, suf): n = 0 i = 0 while i < len(suf): b = suf[i] x2 = 0 while True: children = self.nodes[n].ch if x2 == len(children): n2 = len(self.nodes) self.nodes.append(Node(suf[i:], [])) self.nodes[n].ch.append(n2) return n2 = children[x2] if self.nodes[n2].sub[0] == b: break x2 = x2 + 1 sub2 = self.nodes[n2].sub j = 0 while j < len(sub2): if suf[i + j] != sub2[j]: n3 = n2 n2 = len(self.nodes) self.nodes.append(Node(sub2[:j], [n3])) self.nodes[n3].sub = sub2[j:] self.nodes[n].ch[x2] = n2 break j = j + 1 i = i + j n = n2 def visualize(self): if len(self.nodes) == 0: print "<empty>" return def f(n, pre): children = self.nodes[n].ch if len(children) == 0: print "--", self.nodes[n].sub return print "+-", self.nodes[n].sub for c in children[:-1]: print pre, "+-", f(c, pre + " | ") print pre, "+-", f(children[-1], pre + " ") f(0, "") SuffixTree("banana$").visualize()
package main import "fmt" func main() { vis(buildTree("banana$")) } type tree []node type node struct { sub string ch []int } func buildTree(s string) tree { t := tree{node{}} for i := range s { t = t.addSuffix(s[i:]) } return t } func (t tree) addSuffix(suf string) tree { n := 0 for i := 0; i < len(suf); { b := suf[i] ch := t[n].ch var x2, n2 int for ; ; x2++ { if x2 == len(ch) { n2 = len(t) t = append(t, node{sub: suf[i:]}) t[n].ch = append(t[n].ch, n2) return t } n2 = ch[x2] if t[n2].sub[0] == b { break } } sub2 := t[n2].sub j := 0 for ; j < len(sub2); j++ { if suf[i+j] != sub2[j] { n3 := n2 n2 = len(t) t = append(t, node{sub2[:j], []int{n3}}) t[n3].sub = sub2[j:] t[n].ch[x2] = n2 break } } i += j n = n2 } return t } func vis(t tree) { if len(t) == 0 { fmt.Println("<empty>") return } var f func(int, string) f = func(n int, pre string) { children := t[n].ch if len(children) == 0 { fmt.Println("╴", t[n].sub) return } fmt.Println("┐", t[n].sub) last := len(children) - 1 for _, ch := range children[:last] { fmt.Print(pre, "├─") f(ch, pre+"│ ") } fmt.Print(pre, "└─") f(children[last], pre+" ") } f(0, "") }
Generate an equivalent Go version of this Python code.
class Node: def __init__(self, sub="", children=None): self.sub = sub self.ch = children or [] class SuffixTree: def __init__(self, str): self.nodes = [Node()] for i in range(len(str)): self.addSuffix(str[i:]) def addSuffix(self, suf): n = 0 i = 0 while i < len(suf): b = suf[i] x2 = 0 while True: children = self.nodes[n].ch if x2 == len(children): n2 = len(self.nodes) self.nodes.append(Node(suf[i:], [])) self.nodes[n].ch.append(n2) return n2 = children[x2] if self.nodes[n2].sub[0] == b: break x2 = x2 + 1 sub2 = self.nodes[n2].sub j = 0 while j < len(sub2): if suf[i + j] != sub2[j]: n3 = n2 n2 = len(self.nodes) self.nodes.append(Node(sub2[:j], [n3])) self.nodes[n3].sub = sub2[j:] self.nodes[n].ch[x2] = n2 break j = j + 1 i = i + j n = n2 def visualize(self): if len(self.nodes) == 0: print "<empty>" return def f(n, pre): children = self.nodes[n].ch if len(children) == 0: print "--", self.nodes[n].sub return print "+-", self.nodes[n].sub for c in children[:-1]: print pre, "+-", f(c, pre + " | ") print pre, "+-", f(children[-1], pre + " ") f(0, "") SuffixTree("banana$").visualize()
package main import "fmt" func main() { vis(buildTree("banana$")) } type tree []node type node struct { sub string ch []int } func buildTree(s string) tree { t := tree{node{}} for i := range s { t = t.addSuffix(s[i:]) } return t } func (t tree) addSuffix(suf string) tree { n := 0 for i := 0; i < len(suf); { b := suf[i] ch := t[n].ch var x2, n2 int for ; ; x2++ { if x2 == len(ch) { n2 = len(t) t = append(t, node{sub: suf[i:]}) t[n].ch = append(t[n].ch, n2) return t } n2 = ch[x2] if t[n2].sub[0] == b { break } } sub2 := t[n2].sub j := 0 for ; j < len(sub2); j++ { if suf[i+j] != sub2[j] { n3 := n2 n2 = len(t) t = append(t, node{sub2[:j], []int{n3}}) t[n3].sub = sub2[j:] t[n].ch[x2] = n2 break } } i += j n = n2 } return t } func vis(t tree) { if len(t) == 0 { fmt.Println("<empty>") return } var f func(int, string) f = func(n int, pre string) { children := t[n].ch if len(children) == 0 { fmt.Println("╴", t[n].sub) return } fmt.Println("┐", t[n].sub) last := len(children) - 1 for _, ch := range children[:last] { fmt.Print(pre, "├─") f(ch, pre+"│ ") } fmt.Print(pre, "└─") f(children[last], pre+" ") } f(0, "") }
Produce a language-to-language conversion: from Python to Go, same semantics.
myDict = { "hello": 13, "world": 31, "!" : 71 } for key, value in myDict.items(): print ("key = %s, value = %s" % (key, value)) for key in myDict: print ("key = %s" % key) for key in myDict.keys(): print ("key = %s" % key) for value in myDict.values(): print ("value = %s" % value)
myMap := map[string]int { "hello": 13, "world": 31, "!" : 71 } for key, value := range myMap { fmt.Printf("key = %s, value = %d\n", key, value) } for key := range myMap { fmt.Printf("key = %s\n", key) } for _, value := range myMap { fmt.Printf("value = %d\n", value) }
Generate an equivalent Go version of this Python code.
>>> class num(int): def __init__(self, b): if 1 <= b <= 10: return int.__init__(self+0) else: raise ValueError,"Value %s should be >=0 and <= 10" % b >>> x = num(3) >>> x = num(11) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell x = num(11) File "<pyshell raise ValueError,"Value %s should be >=0 and <= 10" % b ValueError: Value 11 should be >=0 and <= 10 >>> x 3 >>> type(x) <class '__main__.num'> >>>
package main import "fmt" type TinyInt int func NewTinyInt(i int) TinyInt { if i < 1 { i = 1 } else if i > 10 { i = 10 } return TinyInt(i) } func (t1 TinyInt) Add(t2 TinyInt) TinyInt { return NewTinyInt(int(t1) + int(t2)) } func (t1 TinyInt) Sub(t2 TinyInt) TinyInt { return NewTinyInt(int(t1) - int(t2)) } func (t1 TinyInt) Mul(t2 TinyInt) TinyInt { return NewTinyInt(int(t1) * int(t2)) } func (t1 TinyInt) Div(t2 TinyInt) TinyInt { return NewTinyInt(int(t1) / int(t2)) } func (t1 TinyInt) Rem(t2 TinyInt) TinyInt { return NewTinyInt(int(t1) % int(t2)) } func (t TinyInt) Inc() TinyInt { return t.Add(TinyInt(1)) } func (t TinyInt) Dec() TinyInt { return t.Sub(TinyInt(1)) } func main() { t1 := NewTinyInt(6) t2 := NewTinyInt(3) fmt.Println("t1 =", t1) fmt.Println("t2 =", t2) fmt.Println("t1 + t2 =", t1.Add(t2)) fmt.Println("t1 - t2 =", t1.Sub(t2)) fmt.Println("t1 * t2 =", t1.Mul(t2)) fmt.Println("t1 / t2 =", t1.Div(t2)) fmt.Println("t1 % t2 =", t1.Rem(t2)) fmt.Println("t1 + 1 =", t1.Inc()) fmt.Println("t1 - 1 =", t1.Dec()) }
Transform the following Python implementation into Go, maintaining the same output and logic.
from sympy.ntheory import factorint def D(n): if n < 0: return -D(-n) elif n < 2: return 0 else: fdict = factorint(n) if len(fdict) == 1 and 1 in fdict: return 1 return sum([n * e // p for p, e in fdict.items()]) for n in range(-99, 101): print('{:5}'.format(D(n)), end='\n' if n % 10 == 0 else '') print() for m in range(1, 21): print('(D for 10**{}) divided by 7 is {}'.format(m, D(10 ** m) // 7))
package main import ( "fmt" "rcu" ) func D(n float64) float64 { if n < 0 { return -D(-n) } if n < 2 { return 0 } var f []int if n < 1e19 { f = rcu.PrimeFactors(int(n)) } else { g := int(n / 100) f = rcu.PrimeFactors(g) f = append(f, []int{2, 2, 5, 5}...) } c := len(f) if c == 1 { return 1 } if c == 2 { return float64(f[0] + f[1]) } d := n / float64(f[0]) return D(d)*float64(f[0]) + d } func main() { ad := make([]int, 200) for n := -99; n < 101; n++ { ad[n+99] = int(D(float64(n))) } rcu.PrintTable(ad, 10, 4, false) fmt.Println() pow := 1.0 for m := 1; m < 21; m++ { pow *= 10 fmt.Printf("D(10^%-2d) / 7 = %.0f\n", m, D(pow)/7) } }
Please provide an equivalent version of this Python code in Go.
from itertools import permutations numList = [2,3,1] baseList = [] for i in numList: for j in range(0,i): baseList.append(i) stringDict = {'A':2,'B':3,'C':1} baseString="" for i in stringDict: for j in range(0,stringDict[i]): baseString+=i print("Permutations for " + str(baseList) + " : ") [print(i) for i in set(permutations(baseList))] print("Permutations for " + baseString + " : ") [print(i) for i in set(permutations(baseString))]
package main import "fmt" func shouldSwap(s []byte, start, curr int) bool { for i := start; i < curr; i++ { if s[i] == s[curr] { return false } } return true } func findPerms(s []byte, index, n int, res *[]string) { if index >= n { *res = append(*res, string(s)) return } for i := index; i < n; i++ { check := shouldSwap(s, index, i) if check { s[index], s[i] = s[i], s[index] findPerms(s, index+1, n, res) s[index], s[i] = s[i], s[index] } } } func createSlice(nums []int, charSet string) []byte { var chars []byte for i := 0; i < len(nums); i++ { for j := 0; j < nums[i]; j++ { chars = append(chars, charSet[i]) } } return chars } func main() { var res, res2, res3 []string nums := []int{2, 1} s := createSlice(nums, "12") findPerms(s, 0, len(s), &res) fmt.Println(res) fmt.Println() nums = []int{2, 3, 1} s = createSlice(nums, "123") findPerms(s, 0, len(s), &res2) fmt.Println(res2) fmt.Println() s = createSlice(nums, "ABC") findPerms(s, 0, len(s), &res3) fmt.Println(res3) }
Generate an equivalent Go version of this Python code.
def penrose(depth): print( <g id="A{d+1}" transform="translate(100, 0) scale(0.6180339887498949)"> <use href=" <use href=" </g> <g id="B{d+1}"> <use href=" <use href=" </g> <g id="G"> <use href=" <use href=" </g> </defs> <g transform="scale(2, 2)"> <use href=" <use href=" <use href=" <use href=" <use href=" </g> </svg>''') penrose(6)
package main import ( "github.com/fogleman/gg" "math" ) type tiletype int const ( kite tiletype = iota dart ) type tile struct { tt tiletype x, y float64 angle, size float64 } var gr = (1 + math.Sqrt(5)) / 2 const theta = math.Pi / 5 func setupPrototiles(w, h int) []tile { var proto []tile for a := math.Pi/2 + theta; a < 3*math.Pi; a += 2 * theta { ww := float64(w / 2) hh := float64(h / 2) proto = append(proto, tile{kite, ww, hh, a, float64(w) / 2.5}) } return proto } func distinctTiles(tls []tile) []tile { tileset := make(map[tile]bool) for _, tl := range tls { tileset[tl] = true } distinct := make([]tile, len(tileset)) for tl, _ := range tileset { distinct = append(distinct, tl) } return distinct } func deflateTiles(tls []tile, gen int) []tile { if gen <= 0 { return tls } var next []tile for _, tl := range tls { x, y, a, size := tl.x, tl.y, tl.angle, tl.size/gr var nx, ny float64 if tl.tt == dart { next = append(next, tile{kite, x, y, a + 5*theta, size}) for i, sign := 0, 1.0; i < 2; i, sign = i+1, -sign { nx = x + math.Cos(a-4*theta*sign)*gr*tl.size ny = y - math.Sin(a-4*theta*sign)*gr*tl.size next = append(next, tile{dart, nx, ny, a - 4*theta*sign, size}) } } else { for i, sign := 0, 1.0; i < 2; i, sign = i+1, -sign { next = append(next, tile{dart, x, y, a - 4*theta*sign, size}) nx = x + math.Cos(a-theta*sign)*gr*tl.size ny = y - math.Sin(a-theta*sign)*gr*tl.size next = append(next, tile{kite, nx, ny, a + 3*theta*sign, size}) } } } tls = distinctTiles(next) return deflateTiles(tls, gen-1) } func drawTiles(dc *gg.Context, tls []tile) { dist := [2][3]float64{{gr, gr, gr}, {-gr, -1, -gr}} for _, tl := range tls { angle := tl.angle - theta dc.MoveTo(tl.x, tl.y) ord := tl.tt for i := 0; i < 3; i++ { x := tl.x + dist[ord][i]*tl.size*math.Cos(angle) y := tl.y - dist[ord][i]*tl.size*math.Sin(angle) dc.LineTo(x, y) angle += theta } dc.ClosePath() if ord == kite { dc.SetHexColor("FFA500") } else { dc.SetHexColor("FFFF00") } dc.FillPreserve() dc.SetHexColor("A9A9A9") dc.SetLineWidth(1) dc.Stroke() } } func main() { w, h := 700, 450 dc := gg.NewContext(w, h) dc.SetRGB(1, 1, 1) dc.Clear() tiles := deflateTiles(setupPrototiles(w, h), 5) drawTiles(dc, tiles) dc.SavePNG("penrose_tiling.png") }
Maintain the same structure and functionality when rewriting this code in Go.
from sympy import factorint sphenics1m, sphenic_triplets1m = [], [] for i in range(3, 1_000_000): d = factorint(i) if len(d) == 3 and sum(d.values()) == 3: sphenics1m.append(i) if len(sphenics1m) > 2 and i - sphenics1m[-3] == 2 and i - sphenics1m[-2] == 1: sphenic_triplets1m.append(i) print('Sphenic numbers less than 1000:') for i, n in enumerate(sphenics1m): if n < 1000: print(f'{n : 5}', end='\n' if (i + 1) % 15 == 0 else '') else: break print('\n\nSphenic triplets less than 10_000:') for i, n in enumerate(sphenic_triplets1m): if n < 10_000: print(f'({n - 2} {n - 1} {n})', end='\n' if (i + 1) % 3 == 0 else ' ') else: break print('\nThere are', len(sphenics1m), 'sphenic numbers and', len(sphenic_triplets1m), 'sphenic triplets less than 1 million.') S2HK = sphenics1m[200_000 - 1] T5K = sphenic_triplets1m[5000 - 1] print(f'The 200_000th sphenic number is {S2HK}, with prime factors {list(factorint(S2HK).keys())}.') print(f'The 5000th sphenic triplet is ({T5K - 2} {T5K - 1} {T5K}).')
package main import ( "fmt" "math" "rcu" "sort" ) func main() { const limit = 1000000 limit2 := int(math.Cbrt(limit)) primes := rcu.Primes(limit / 6) pc := len(primes) var sphenic []int fmt.Println("Sphenic numbers less than 1,000:") for i := 0; i < pc-2; i++ { if primes[i] > limit2 { break } for j := i + 1; j < pc-1; j++ { prod := primes[i] * primes[j] if prod+primes[j+1] >= limit { break } for k := j + 1; k < pc; k++ { res := prod * primes[k] if res >= limit { break } sphenic = append(sphenic, res) } } } sort.Ints(sphenic) ix := sort.Search(len(sphenic), func(i int) bool { return sphenic[i] >= 1000 }) rcu.PrintTable(sphenic[:ix], 15, 3, false) fmt.Println("\nSphenic triplets less than 10,000:") var triplets [][3]int for i := 0; i < len(sphenic)-2; i++ { s := sphenic[i] if sphenic[i+1] == s+1 && sphenic[i+2] == s+2 { triplets = append(triplets, [3]int{s, s + 1, s + 2}) } } ix = sort.Search(len(triplets), func(i int) bool { return triplets[i][2] >= 10000 }) for i := 0; i < ix; i++ { fmt.Printf("%4d ", triplets[i]) if (i+1)%3 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } fmt.Printf("\nThere are %s sphenic numbers less than 1,000,000.\n", rcu.Commatize(len(sphenic))) fmt.Printf("There are %s sphenic triplets less than 1,000,000.\n", rcu.Commatize(len(triplets))) s := sphenic[199999] pf := rcu.PrimeFactors(s) fmt.Printf("The 200,000th sphenic number is %s (%d*%d*%d).\n", rcu.Commatize(s), pf[0], pf[1], pf[2]) fmt.Printf("The 5,000th sphenic triplet is %v.\n.", triplets[4999]) }
Write a version of this Python function in Go with identical behavior.
def to_tree(x, index=0, depth=1): so_far = [] while index < len(x): this = x[index] if this == depth: so_far.append(this) elif this > depth: index, deeper = to_tree(x, index, depth + 1) so_far.append(deeper) else: index -=1 break index += 1 return (index, so_far) if depth > 1 else so_far if __name__ == "__main__": from pprint import pformat def pnest(nest:list, width: int=9) -> str: text = pformat(nest, width=width).replace('\n', '\n ') print(f" OR {text}\n") exercises = [ [], [1, 2, 4], [3, 1, 3, 1], [1, 2, 3, 1], [3, 2, 1, 3], [3, 3, 3, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3], ] for flat in exercises: nest = to_tree(flat) print(f"{flat} NESTS TO: {nest}") pnest(nest)
package main import "fmt" type any = interface{} func toTree(list []int) any { s := []any{[]any{}} for _, n := range list { for n != len(s) { if n > len(s) { inner := []any{} s[len(s)-1] = append(s[len(s)-1].([]any), inner) s = append(s, inner) } else { s = s[0 : len(s)-1] } } s[len(s)-1] = append(s[len(s)-1].([]any), n) for i := len(s) - 2; i >= 0; i-- { le := len(s[i].([]any)) s[i].([]any)[le-1] = s[i+1] } } return s[0] } func main() { tests := [][]int{ {}, {1, 2, 4}, {3, 1, 3, 1}, {1, 2, 3, 1}, {3, 2, 1, 3}, {3, 3, 3, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3}, } for _, test := range tests { nest := toTree(test) fmt.Printf("%17s => %v\n", fmt.Sprintf("%v", test), nest) } }
Generate an equivalent Go version of this Python code.
def to_tree(x, index=0, depth=1): so_far = [] while index < len(x): this = x[index] if this == depth: so_far.append(this) elif this > depth: index, deeper = to_tree(x, index, depth + 1) so_far.append(deeper) else: index -=1 break index += 1 return (index, so_far) if depth > 1 else so_far if __name__ == "__main__": from pprint import pformat def pnest(nest:list, width: int=9) -> str: text = pformat(nest, width=width).replace('\n', '\n ') print(f" OR {text}\n") exercises = [ [], [1, 2, 4], [3, 1, 3, 1], [1, 2, 3, 1], [3, 2, 1, 3], [3, 3, 3, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3], ] for flat in exercises: nest = to_tree(flat) print(f"{flat} NESTS TO: {nest}") pnest(nest)
package main import "fmt" type any = interface{} func toTree(list []int) any { s := []any{[]any{}} for _, n := range list { for n != len(s) { if n > len(s) { inner := []any{} s[len(s)-1] = append(s[len(s)-1].([]any), inner) s = append(s, inner) } else { s = s[0 : len(s)-1] } } s[len(s)-1] = append(s[len(s)-1].([]any), n) for i := len(s) - 2; i >= 0; i-- { le := len(s[i].([]any)) s[i].([]any)[le-1] = s[i+1] } } return s[0] } func main() { tests := [][]int{ {}, {1, 2, 4}, {3, 1, 3, 1}, {1, 2, 3, 1}, {3, 2, 1, 3}, {3, 3, 3, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3}, } for _, test := range tests { nest := toTree(test) fmt.Printf("%17s => %v\n", fmt.Sprintf("%v", test), nest) } }
Convert this Python block to Go, preserving its control flow and logic.
from __future__ import print_function import os import hashlib import datetime def FindDuplicateFiles(pth, minSize = 0, hashName = "md5"): knownFiles = {} for root, dirs, files in os.walk(pth): for fina in files: fullFina = os.path.join(root, fina) isSymLink = os.path.islink(fullFina) if isSymLink: continue si = os.path.getsize(fullFina) if si < minSize: continue if si not in knownFiles: knownFiles[si] = {} h = hashlib.new(hashName) h.update(open(fullFina, "rb").read()) hashed = h.digest() if hashed in knownFiles[si]: fileRec = knownFiles[si][hashed] fileRec.append(fullFina) else: knownFiles[si][hashed] = [fullFina] sizeList = list(knownFiles.keys()) sizeList.sort(reverse=True) for si in sizeList: filesAtThisSize = knownFiles[si] for hashVal in filesAtThisSize: if len(filesAtThisSize[hashVal]) < 2: continue fullFinaLi = filesAtThisSize[hashVal] print ("=======Duplicate=======") for fullFina in fullFinaLi: st = os.stat(fullFina) isHardLink = st.st_nlink > 1 infoStr = [] if isHardLink: infoStr.append("(Hard linked)") fmtModTime = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(st.st_mtime).strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ') print (fmtModTime, si, os.path.relpath(fullFina, pth), " ".join(infoStr)) if __name__=="__main__": FindDuplicateFiles('/home/tim/Dropbox', 1024*1024)
package main import ( "fmt" "crypto/md5" "io/ioutil" "log" "os" "path/filepath" "sort" "time" ) type fileData struct { filePath string info os.FileInfo } type hash [16]byte func check(err error) { if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } } func checksum(filePath string) hash { bytes, err := ioutil.ReadFile(filePath) check(err) return hash(md5.Sum(bytes)) } func findDuplicates(dirPath string, minSize int64) [][2]fileData { var dups [][2]fileData m := make(map[hash]fileData) werr := filepath.Walk(dirPath, func(path string, info os.FileInfo, err error) error { if err != nil { return err } if !info.IsDir() && info.Size() >= minSize { h := checksum(path) fd, ok := m[h] fd2 := fileData{path, info} if !ok { m[h] = fd2 } else { dups = append(dups, [2]fileData{fd, fd2}) } } return nil }) check(werr) return dups } func main() { dups := findDuplicates(".", 1) fmt.Println("The following pairs of files have the same size and the same hash:\n") fmt.Println("File name Size Date last modified") fmt.Println("==========================================================") sort.Slice(dups, func(i, j int) bool { return dups[i][0].info.Size() > dups[j][0].info.Size() }) for _, dup := range dups { for i := 0; i < 2; i++ { d := dup[i] fmt.Printf("%-20s %8d %v\n", d.filePath, d.info.Size(), d.info.ModTime().Format(time.ANSIC)) } fmt.Println() } }
Change the programming language of this snippet from Python to Go without modifying what it does.
from functools import reduce from itertools import count, islice def sylvester(): def go(n): return 1 + reduce( lambda a, x: a * go(x), range(0, n), 1 ) if 0 != n else 2 return map(go, count(0)) def main(): print("First 10 terms of OEIS A000058:") xs = list(islice(sylvester(), 10)) print('\n'.join([ str(x) for x in xs ])) print("\nSum of the reciprocals of the first 10 terms:") print( reduce(lambda a, x: a + 1 / x, xs, 0) ) if __name__ == '__main__': main()
package main import ( "fmt" "math/big" ) func main() { one := big.NewInt(1) two := big.NewInt(2) next := new(big.Int) sylvester := []*big.Int{two} prod := new(big.Int).Set(two) count := 1 for count < 10 { next.Add(prod, one) sylvester = append(sylvester, new(big.Int).Set(next)) count++ prod.Mul(prod, next) } fmt.Println("The first 10 terms in the Sylvester sequence are:") for i := 0; i < 10; i++ { fmt.Println(sylvester[i]) } sumRecip := new(big.Rat) for _, s := range sylvester { sumRecip.Add(sumRecip, new(big.Rat).SetFrac(one, s)) } fmt.Println("\nThe sum of their reciprocals as a rational number is:") fmt.Println(sumRecip) fmt.Println("\nThe sum of their reciprocals as a decimal number (to 211 places) is:") fmt.Println(sumRecip.FloatString(211)) }
Translate the given Python code snippet into Go without altering its behavior.
from sys import stdout moves = [ [-1, -2], [1, -2], [-1, 2], [1, 2], [-2, -1], [-2, 1], [2, -1], [2, 1] ] def solve(pz, sz, sx, sy, idx, cnt): if idx > cnt: return 1 for i in range(len(moves)): x = sx + moves[i][0] y = sy + moves[i][1] if sz > x > -1 and sz > y > -1 and pz[x][y] == 0: pz[x][y] = idx if 1 == solve(pz, sz, x, y, idx + 1, cnt): return 1 pz[x][y] = 0 return 0 def find_solution(pz, sz): p = [[-1 for j in range(sz)] for i in range(sz)] idx = x = y = cnt = 0 for j in range(sz): for i in range(sz): if pz[idx] == "x": p[i][j] = 0 cnt += 1 elif pz[idx] == "s": p[i][j] = 1 cnt += 1 x = i y = j idx += 1 if 1 == solve(p, sz, x, y, 2, cnt): for j in range(sz): for i in range(sz): if p[i][j] != -1: stdout.write(" {:0{}d}".format(p[i][j], 2)) else: stdout.write(" ") print() else: print("Cannot solve this puzzle!") find_solution(".xxx.....x.xx....xxxxxxxxxx..x.xx.x..xxxsxxxxxx...xx.x.....xxx..", 8) print() find_solution(".....s.x..........x.x.........xxxxx.........xxx.......x..x.x..x..xxxxx...xxxxx..xx.....xx..xxxxx...xxxxx..x..x.x..x.......xxx.........xxxxx.........x.x..........x.x.....", 13)
package main import "fmt" var moves = [][2]int{ {-1, -2}, {1, -2}, {-1, 2}, {1, 2}, {-2, -1}, {-2, 1}, {2, -1}, {2, 1}, } var board1 = " xxx " + " x xx " + " xxxxxxx" + "xxx x x" + "x x xxx" + "sxxxxxx " + " xx x " + " xxx " var board2 = ".....s.x....." + ".....x.x....." + "....xxxxx...." + ".....xxx....." + "..x..x.x..x.." + "xxxxx...xxxxx" + "..xx.....xx.." + "xxxxx...xxxxx" + "..x..x.x..x.." + ".....xxx....." + "....xxxxx...." + ".....x.x....." + ".....x.x....." func solve(pz [][]int, sz, sx, sy, idx, cnt int) bool { if idx > cnt { return true } for i := 0; i < len(moves); i++ { x := sx + moves[i][0] y := sy + moves[i][1] if (x >= 0 && x < sz) && (y >= 0 && y < sz) && pz[x][y] == 0 { pz[x][y] = idx if solve(pz, sz, x, y, idx+1, cnt) { return true } pz[x][y] = 0 } } return false } func findSolution(b string, sz int) { pz := make([][]int, sz) for i := 0; i < sz; i++ { pz[i] = make([]int, sz) for j := 0; j < sz; j++ { pz[i][j] = -1 } } var x, y, idx, cnt int for j := 0; j < sz; j++ { for i := 0; i < sz; i++ { switch b[idx] { case 'x': pz[i][j] = 0 cnt++ case 's': pz[i][j] = 1 cnt++ x, y = i, j } idx++ } } if solve(pz, sz, x, y, 2, cnt) { for j := 0; j < sz; j++ { for i := 0; i < sz; i++ { if pz[i][j] != -1 { fmt.Printf("%02d ", pz[i][j]) } else { fmt.Print("-- ") } } fmt.Println() } } else { fmt.Println("Cannot solve this puzzle!") } } func main() { findSolution(board1, 8) fmt.Println() findSolution(board2, 13) }
Produce a language-to-language conversion: from Python to Go, same semantics.
from sys import stdout moves = [ [-1, -2], [1, -2], [-1, 2], [1, 2], [-2, -1], [-2, 1], [2, -1], [2, 1] ] def solve(pz, sz, sx, sy, idx, cnt): if idx > cnt: return 1 for i in range(len(moves)): x = sx + moves[i][0] y = sy + moves[i][1] if sz > x > -1 and sz > y > -1 and pz[x][y] == 0: pz[x][y] = idx if 1 == solve(pz, sz, x, y, idx + 1, cnt): return 1 pz[x][y] = 0 return 0 def find_solution(pz, sz): p = [[-1 for j in range(sz)] for i in range(sz)] idx = x = y = cnt = 0 for j in range(sz): for i in range(sz): if pz[idx] == "x": p[i][j] = 0 cnt += 1 elif pz[idx] == "s": p[i][j] = 1 cnt += 1 x = i y = j idx += 1 if 1 == solve(p, sz, x, y, 2, cnt): for j in range(sz): for i in range(sz): if p[i][j] != -1: stdout.write(" {:0{}d}".format(p[i][j], 2)) else: stdout.write(" ") print() else: print("Cannot solve this puzzle!") find_solution(".xxx.....x.xx....xxxxxxxxxx..x.xx.x..xxxsxxxxxx...xx.x.....xxx..", 8) print() find_solution(".....s.x..........x.x.........xxxxx.........xxx.......x..x.x..x..xxxxx...xxxxx..xx.....xx..xxxxx...xxxxx..x..x.x..x.......xxx.........xxxxx.........x.x..........x.x.....", 13)
package main import "fmt" var moves = [][2]int{ {-1, -2}, {1, -2}, {-1, 2}, {1, 2}, {-2, -1}, {-2, 1}, {2, -1}, {2, 1}, } var board1 = " xxx " + " x xx " + " xxxxxxx" + "xxx x x" + "x x xxx" + "sxxxxxx " + " xx x " + " xxx " var board2 = ".....s.x....." + ".....x.x....." + "....xxxxx...." + ".....xxx....." + "..x..x.x..x.." + "xxxxx...xxxxx" + "..xx.....xx.." + "xxxxx...xxxxx" + "..x..x.x..x.." + ".....xxx....." + "....xxxxx...." + ".....x.x....." + ".....x.x....." func solve(pz [][]int, sz, sx, sy, idx, cnt int) bool { if idx > cnt { return true } for i := 0; i < len(moves); i++ { x := sx + moves[i][0] y := sy + moves[i][1] if (x >= 0 && x < sz) && (y >= 0 && y < sz) && pz[x][y] == 0 { pz[x][y] = idx if solve(pz, sz, x, y, idx+1, cnt) { return true } pz[x][y] = 0 } } return false } func findSolution(b string, sz int) { pz := make([][]int, sz) for i := 0; i < sz; i++ { pz[i] = make([]int, sz) for j := 0; j < sz; j++ { pz[i][j] = -1 } } var x, y, idx, cnt int for j := 0; j < sz; j++ { for i := 0; i < sz; i++ { switch b[idx] { case 'x': pz[i][j] = 0 cnt++ case 's': pz[i][j] = 1 cnt++ x, y = i, j } idx++ } } if solve(pz, sz, x, y, 2, cnt) { for j := 0; j < sz; j++ { for i := 0; i < sz; i++ { if pz[i][j] != -1 { fmt.Printf("%02d ", pz[i][j]) } else { fmt.Print("-- ") } } fmt.Println() } } else { fmt.Println("Cannot solve this puzzle!") } } func main() { findSolution(board1, 8) fmt.Println() findSolution(board2, 13) }
Write a version of this Python function in Go with identical behavior.
from __future__ import print_function def order_disjoint_list_items(data, items): itemindices = [] for item in set(items): itemcount = items.count(item) lastindex = [-1] for i in range(itemcount): lastindex.append(data.index(item, lastindex[-1] + 1)) itemindices += lastindex[1:] itemindices.sort() for index, item in zip(itemindices, items): data[index] = item if __name__ == '__main__': tostring = ' '.join for data, items in [ (str.split('the cat sat on the mat'), str.split('mat cat')), (str.split('the cat sat on the mat'), str.split('cat mat')), (list('ABCABCABC'), list('CACA')), (list('ABCABDABE'), list('EADA')), (list('AB'), list('B')), (list('AB'), list('BA')), (list('ABBA'), list('BA')), (list(''), list('')), (list('A'), list('A')), (list('AB'), list('')), (list('ABBA'), list('AB')), (list('ABAB'), list('AB')), (list('ABAB'), list('BABA')), (list('ABCCBA'), list('ACAC')), (list('ABCCBA'), list('CACA')), ]: print('Data M: %-24r Order N: %-9r' % (tostring(data), tostring(items)), end=' ') order_disjoint_list_items(data, items) print("-> M' %r" % tostring(data))
package main import ( "fmt" "sort" "strings" ) type indexSort struct { val sort.Interface ind []int } func (s indexSort) Len() int { return len(s.ind) } func (s indexSort) Less(i, j int) bool { return s.ind[i] < s.ind[j] } func (s indexSort) Swap(i, j int) { s.val.Swap(s.ind[i], s.ind[j]) s.ind[i], s.ind[j] = s.ind[j], s.ind[i] } func disjointSliceSort(m, n []string) []string { s := indexSort{sort.StringSlice(m), make([]int, 0, len(n))} used := make(map[int]bool) for _, nw := range n { for i, mw := range m { if used[i] || mw != nw { continue } used[i] = true s.ind = append(s.ind, i) break } } sort.Sort(s) return s.val.(sort.StringSlice) } func disjointStringSort(m, n string) string { return strings.Join( disjointSliceSort(strings.Fields(m), strings.Fields(n)), " ") } func main() { for _, data := range []struct{ m, n string }{ {"the cat sat on the mat", "mat cat"}, {"the cat sat on the mat", "cat mat"}, {"A B C A B C A B C", "C A C A"}, {"A B C A B D A B E", "E A D A"}, {"A B", "B"}, {"A B", "B A"}, {"A B B A", "B A"}, } { mp := disjointStringSort(data.m, data.n) fmt.Printf("%s → %s » %s\n", data.m, data.n, mp) } }
Convert this Python snippet to Go and keep its semantics consistent.
from collections import defaultdict def hashJoin(table1, index1, table2, index2): h = defaultdict(list) for s in table1: h[s[index1]].append(s) return [(s, r) for r in table2 for s in h[r[index2]]] table1 = [(27, "Jonah"), (18, "Alan"), (28, "Glory"), (18, "Popeye"), (28, "Alan")] table2 = [("Jonah", "Whales"), ("Jonah", "Spiders"), ("Alan", "Ghosts"), ("Alan", "Zombies"), ("Glory", "Buffy")] for row in hashJoin(table1, 1, table2, 0): print(row)
package main import "fmt" func main() { tableA := []struct { value int key string }{ {27, "Jonah"}, {18, "Alan"}, {28, "Glory"}, {18, "Popeye"}, {28, "Alan"}, } tableB := []struct { key string value string }{ {"Jonah", "Whales"}, {"Jonah", "Spiders"}, {"Alan", "Ghosts"}, {"Alan", "Zombies"}, {"Glory", "Buffy"}, } h := map[string][]int{} for i, r := range tableA { h[r.key] = append(h[r.key], i) } for _, x := range tableB { for _, a := range h[x.key] { fmt.Println(tableA[a], x) } } }
Translate the given Python code snippet into Go without altering its behavior.
from math import gcd from sympy import factorint def is_Achilles(n): p = factorint(n).values() return all(i > 1 for i in p) and gcd(*p) == 1 def is_strong_Achilles(n): return is_Achilles(n) and is_Achilles(totient(n)) def test_strong_Achilles(nachilles, nstrongachilles): print('First', nachilles, 'Achilles numbers:') n, found = 0, 0 while found < nachilles: if is_Achilles(n): found += 1 print(f'{n: 8,}', end='\n' if found % 10 == 0 else '') n += 1 print('\nFirst', nstrongachilles, 'strong Achilles numbers:') n, found = 0, 0 while found < nstrongachilles: if is_strong_Achilles(n): found += 1 print(f'{n: 9,}', end='\n' if found % 10 == 0 else '') n += 1 print('\nCount of Achilles numbers for various intervals:') intervals = [[10, 99], [100, 999], [1000, 9999], [10000, 99999], [100000, 999999]] for interval in intervals: print(f'{interval}:', sum(is_Achilles(i) for i in range(*interval))) test_strong_Achilles(50, 100)
package main import ( "fmt" "math" "sort" ) func totient(n int) int { tot := n i := 2 for i*i <= n { if n%i == 0 { for n%i == 0 { n /= i } tot -= tot / i } if i == 2 { i = 1 } i += 2 } if n > 1 { tot -= tot / n } return tot } var pps = make(map[int]bool) func getPerfectPowers(maxExp int) { upper := math.Pow(10, float64(maxExp)) for i := 2; i <= int(math.Sqrt(upper)); i++ { fi := float64(i) p := fi for { p *= fi if p >= upper { break } pps[int(p)] = true } } } func getAchilles(minExp, maxExp int) map[int]bool { lower := math.Pow(10, float64(minExp)) upper := math.Pow(10, float64(maxExp)) achilles := make(map[int]bool) for b := 1; b <= int(math.Cbrt(upper)); b++ { b3 := b * b * b for a := 1; a <= int(math.Sqrt(upper)); a++ { p := b3 * a * a if p >= int(upper) { break } if p >= int(lower) { if _, ok := pps[p]; !ok { achilles[p] = true } } } } return achilles } func main() { maxDigits := 15 getPerfectPowers(maxDigits) achillesSet := getAchilles(1, 5) achilles := make([]int, len(achillesSet)) i := 0 for k := range achillesSet { achilles[i] = k i++ } sort.Ints(achilles) fmt.Println("First 50 Achilles numbers:") for i = 0; i < 50; i++ { fmt.Printf("%4d ", achilles[i]) if (i+1)%10 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } fmt.Println("\nFirst 30 strong Achilles numbers:") var strongAchilles []int count := 0 for n := 0; count < 30; n++ { tot := totient(achilles[n]) if _, ok := achillesSet[tot]; ok { strongAchilles = append(strongAchilles, achilles[n]) count++ } } for i = 0; i < 30; i++ { fmt.Printf("%5d ", strongAchilles[i]) if (i+1)%10 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } fmt.Println("\nNumber of Achilles numbers with:") for d := 2; d <= maxDigits; d++ { ac := len(getAchilles(d-1, d)) fmt.Printf("%2d digits: %d\n", d, ac) } }
Port the following code from Python to Go with equivalent syntax and logic.
from math import gcd from sympy import factorint def is_Achilles(n): p = factorint(n).values() return all(i > 1 for i in p) and gcd(*p) == 1 def is_strong_Achilles(n): return is_Achilles(n) and is_Achilles(totient(n)) def test_strong_Achilles(nachilles, nstrongachilles): print('First', nachilles, 'Achilles numbers:') n, found = 0, 0 while found < nachilles: if is_Achilles(n): found += 1 print(f'{n: 8,}', end='\n' if found % 10 == 0 else '') n += 1 print('\nFirst', nstrongachilles, 'strong Achilles numbers:') n, found = 0, 0 while found < nstrongachilles: if is_strong_Achilles(n): found += 1 print(f'{n: 9,}', end='\n' if found % 10 == 0 else '') n += 1 print('\nCount of Achilles numbers for various intervals:') intervals = [[10, 99], [100, 999], [1000, 9999], [10000, 99999], [100000, 999999]] for interval in intervals: print(f'{interval}:', sum(is_Achilles(i) for i in range(*interval))) test_strong_Achilles(50, 100)
package main import ( "fmt" "math" "sort" ) func totient(n int) int { tot := n i := 2 for i*i <= n { if n%i == 0 { for n%i == 0 { n /= i } tot -= tot / i } if i == 2 { i = 1 } i += 2 } if n > 1 { tot -= tot / n } return tot } var pps = make(map[int]bool) func getPerfectPowers(maxExp int) { upper := math.Pow(10, float64(maxExp)) for i := 2; i <= int(math.Sqrt(upper)); i++ { fi := float64(i) p := fi for { p *= fi if p >= upper { break } pps[int(p)] = true } } } func getAchilles(minExp, maxExp int) map[int]bool { lower := math.Pow(10, float64(minExp)) upper := math.Pow(10, float64(maxExp)) achilles := make(map[int]bool) for b := 1; b <= int(math.Cbrt(upper)); b++ { b3 := b * b * b for a := 1; a <= int(math.Sqrt(upper)); a++ { p := b3 * a * a if p >= int(upper) { break } if p >= int(lower) { if _, ok := pps[p]; !ok { achilles[p] = true } } } } return achilles } func main() { maxDigits := 15 getPerfectPowers(maxDigits) achillesSet := getAchilles(1, 5) achilles := make([]int, len(achillesSet)) i := 0 for k := range achillesSet { achilles[i] = k i++ } sort.Ints(achilles) fmt.Println("First 50 Achilles numbers:") for i = 0; i < 50; i++ { fmt.Printf("%4d ", achilles[i]) if (i+1)%10 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } fmt.Println("\nFirst 30 strong Achilles numbers:") var strongAchilles []int count := 0 for n := 0; count < 30; n++ { tot := totient(achilles[n]) if _, ok := achillesSet[tot]; ok { strongAchilles = append(strongAchilles, achilles[n]) count++ } } for i = 0; i < 30; i++ { fmt.Printf("%5d ", strongAchilles[i]) if (i+1)%10 == 0 { fmt.Println() } } fmt.Println("\nNumber of Achilles numbers with:") for d := 2; d <= maxDigits; d++ { ac := len(getAchilles(d-1, d)) fmt.Printf("%2d digits: %d\n", d, ac) } }