id int64 0 18.9k | biography stringlengths 151 1.51k | qa listlengths 1 25 |
|---|---|---|
3,219 | Under ordinary conditions on Earth, elemental hydrogen exists as the diatomic gas, H2. However, hydrogen gas is very rare in the Earth's atmosphere (1 ppm by volume) because of its light weight, which enables it to escape from Earth's gravity more easily than heavier gases. However, hydrogen is the third most abundant ... | [
{
"answer": "third most abundant",
"question": "How abundant is hydrogen on the earths surface?"
},
{
"answer": "bacteria and algae",
"question": "what produces hydrogen gas?"
}
] |
3,220 | A molecular form called protonated molecular hydrogen (H+
3) is found in the interstellar medium, where it is generated by ionization of molecular hydrogen from cosmic rays. This charged ion has also been observed in the upper atmosphere of the planet Jupiter. The ion is relatively stable in the environment of outer sp... | [
{
"answer": "protonated molecular hydrogen",
"question": "What molecular form is found in the interstellar medium?"
},
{
"answer": "ionization of molecular hydrogen from cosmic rays",
"question": "What generates protonated molecular hydrogen?"
},
{
"answer": "Jupiter",
"question": "O... |
3,221 | H
2 is produced in chemistry and biology laboratories, often as a by-product of other reactions; in industry for the hydrogenation of unsaturated substrates; and in nature as a means of expelling reducing equivalents in biochemical reactions. | [
{
"answer": "expelling reducing equivalents in biochemical reactions",
"question": "How does nature produce H2?"
},
{
"answer": "by-product of other reactions",
"question": "How do labs produce H2?"
}
] |
3,222 | The electrolysis of water is a simple method of producing hydrogen. A low voltage current is run through the water, and gaseous oxygen forms at the anode while gaseous hydrogen forms at the cathode. Typically the cathode is made from platinum or another inert metal when producing hydrogen for storage. If, however, the ... | [
{
"answer": "electrolysis of water",
"question": "What is an easy way to produce hydrogen?"
},
{
"answer": "anode",
"question": "Where does the gaseous oxygen form at?"
},
{
"answer": "cathode",
"question": "Where does the gaseous hydrogen form at?"
}
] |
3,223 | An alloy of aluminium and gallium in pellet form added to water can be used to generate hydrogen. The process also produces alumina, but the expensive gallium, which prevents the formation of an oxide skin on the pellets, can be re-used. This has important potential implications for a hydrogen economy, as hydrogen can ... | [
{
"answer": "hydrogen",
"question": "When you combine an alloy of alluminum and gallium to water, what do you get?"
},
{
"answer": "alumina",
"question": "What else can it produce?"
},
{
"answer": "the expensive gallium",
"question": "What can be reused after the formation?"
}
] |
3,224 | Hydrogen can be prepared in several different ways, but economically the most important processes involve removal of hydrogen from hydrocarbons. Commercial bulk hydrogen is usually produced by the steam reforming of natural gas. At high temperatures (1000–1400 K, 700–1100 °C or 1300–2000 °F), steam (water vapor) reacts... | [
{
"answer": "hydrocarbons",
"question": "The most economical way to prepare hydrogen involves removing it from what?"
},
{
"answer": "1000–1400 K, 700–1100 °C or 1300–2000 °F",
"question": "What temperature is needed for steam to react with methane?"
}
] |
3,225 | This reaction is favored at low pressures but is nonetheless conducted at high pressures (2.0 MPa, 20 atm or 600 inHg). This is because high-pressure H
2 is the most marketable product and Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) purification systems work better at higher pressures. The product mixture is known as "synthesis g... | [
{
"answer": "high pressures",
"question": "At what pressure does PSA work best in?"
},
{
"answer": "production of methanol",
"question": "What is synthesis gas used for?"
},
{
"answer": "Hydrocarbons",
"question": "Besides methane, what else can be used to produce synthesis gas?"
}... |
3,226 | Consequently, steam reforming typically employs an excess of H
2O. Additional hydrogen can be recovered from the steam by use of carbon monoxide through the water gas shift reaction, especially with an iron oxide catalyst. This reaction is also a common industrial source of carbon dioxide: | [
{
"answer": "use of carbon monoxide through the water gas shift reaction",
"question": "How can it be recovered through steam?"
}
] |
3,227 | Hydrogen is sometimes produced and consumed in the same industrial process, without being separated. In the Haber process for the production of ammonia, hydrogen is generated from natural gas. Electrolysis of brine to yield chlorine also produces hydrogen as a co-product. | [
{
"answer": "ammonia",
"question": "When hydrogen is generated from natural gas, what des it produce?"
},
{
"answer": "Electrolysis of brine to yield chlorine",
"question": "How is hydrogen produced as a co product?"
}
] |
3,228 | There are more than 200 thermochemical cycles which can be used for water splitting, around a dozen of these cycles such as the iron oxide cycle, cerium(IV) oxide–cerium(III) oxide cycle, zinc zinc-oxide cycle, sulfur-iodine cycle, copper-chlorine cycle and hybrid sulfur cycle are under research and in testing phase to... | [
{
"answer": "produce hydrogen and oxygen from water and heat without using electricity",
"question": "What are the thermochemical cycyles in a testing phase for?"
},
{
"answer": "solar energy and water",
"question": "What are labs trying to produce hydrogen from?"
},
{
"answer": "France,... |
3,229 | Under anaerobic conditions, iron and steel alloys are slowly oxidized by the protons of water concomitantly reduced in molecular hydrogen (H
2). The anaerobic corrosion of iron leads first to the formation of ferrous hydroxide (green rust) and can be described by the following reaction: | [
{
"answer": "anaerobic",
"question": "What condition is iron and steel alloys slowly oxidized?"
},
{
"answer": "formation of ferrous hydroxide",
"question": "What does the anaerobic corrosion of iron lead to?"
},
{
"answer": "green rust",
"question": "What is another name for formati... |
3,230 | In its turn, under anaerobic conditions, the ferrous hydroxide (Fe(OH)
2 ) can be oxidized by the protons of water to form magnetite and molecular hydrogen. This process is described by the Schikorr reaction: | [
{
"answer": "anaerobic",
"question": "Under what condition can ferrous hydroxide be oxidized?"
},
{
"answer": "magnetite and molecular hydrogen",
"question": "What does this process form?"
},
{
"answer": "Schikorr reaction",
"question": "What reaction describes this process?"
}
] |
3,231 | In the absence of atmospheric oxygen (O
2), in deep geological conditions prevailing far away from Earth atmosphere, hydrogen (H
2) is produced during the process of serpentinization by the anaerobic oxidation by the water protons (H+) of the ferrous (Fe2+) silicate present in the crystal lattice of the fayalite (Fe
2S... | [
{
"answer": "serpentinization by the anaerobic oxidation",
"question": "How is hydrogen produced when there is no atmospheric oxygen?"
},
{
"answer": "crystal lattice of the fayalite",
"question": "Where do you find silicate?"
}
] |
3,232 | From all the fault gases formed in power transformers, hydrogen is the most common and is generated under most fault conditions; thus, formation of hydrogen is an early indication of serious problems in the transformer's life cycle. | [
{
"answer": "hydrogen",
"question": "What is the most common gas found in power tranformers?"
}
] |
3,233 | Large quantities of H
2 are needed in the petroleum and chemical industries. The largest application of H
2 is for the processing ("upgrading") of fossil fuels, and in the production of ammonia. The key consumers of H
2 in the petrochemical plant include hydrodealkylation, hydrodesulfurization, and hydrocracking. H
2 h... | [
{
"answer": "petroleum and chemical industries",
"question": "Where are large quantities of H2 needed?"
},
{
"answer": "hydrodealkylation, hydrodesulfurization, and hydrocracking",
"question": "What are the consumers of H2 in petrochemical plant?"
}
] |
3,234 | Hydrogen is highly soluble in many rare earth and transition metals and is soluble in both nanocrystalline and amorphous metals. Hydrogen solubility in metals is influenced by local distortions or impurities in the crystal lattice. These properties may be useful when hydrogen is purified by passage through hot palladiu... | [
{
"answer": "rare earth and transition metals",
"question": "Where is hydrogen highly soluble?"
},
{
"answer": "nanocrystalline and amorphous metals",
"question": "Where can you find soluble hydrogen?"
},
{
"answer": "local distortions or impurities in the crystal lattice",
"question... |
3,235 | Apart from its use as a reactant, H
2 has wide applications in physics and engineering. It is used as a shielding gas in welding methods such as atomic hydrogen welding. H2 is used as the rotor coolant in electrical generators at power stations, because it has the highest thermal conductivity of any gas. Liquid H2 is u... | [
{
"answer": "in physics and engineering",
"question": "Where else is H2 applied?"
},
{
"answer": "as the rotor coolant",
"question": "How is H2 used in electrical generators at power stations?"
},
{
"answer": "it has the highest thermal conductivity of any gas",
"question": "Why is i... |
3,236 | In more recent applications, hydrogen is used pure or mixed with nitrogen (sometimes called forming gas) as a tracer gas for minute leak detection. Applications can be found in the automotive, chemical, power generation, aerospace, and telecommunications industries. Hydrogen is an authorized food additive (E 949) that ... | [
{
"answer": "as a tracer gas for minute leak detection",
"question": "Why would one use hydrogen mixed with nitrogen?"
},
{
"answer": "automotive, chemical, power generation, aerospace, and telecommunications",
"question": "What industries can you find these applications?"
},
{
"answer":... |
3,237 | Hydrogen's rarer isotopes also each have specific applications. Deuterium (hydrogen-2) is used in nuclear fission applications as a moderator to slow neutrons, and in nuclear fusion reactions. Deuterium compounds have applications in chemistry and biology in studies of reaction isotope effects. Tritium (hydrogen-3), pr... | [
{
"answer": "Deuterium",
"question": "What isotope is used in nuclear fission?"
},
{
"answer": "nuclear reactors",
"question": "Where is tritium produced?"
},
{
"answer": "production of hydrogen bombs, as an isotopic label in the biosciences, and as a radiation source in luminous paints"... |
3,238 | Hydrogen is commonly used in power stations as a coolant in generators due to a number of favorable properties that are a direct result of its light diatomic molecules. These include low density, low viscosity, and the highest specific heat and thermal conductivity of all gases. | [
{
"answer": "as a coolant in generators",
"question": "How is hydrogen used at power stations?"
},
{
"answer": "favorable properties that are a direct result of its light diatomic molecules",
"question": "Why is it used as a coolant?"
},
{
"answer": "low density, low viscosity, and the h... |
3,239 | Hydrogen is not an energy resource, except in the hypothetical context of commercial nuclear fusion power plants using deuterium or tritium, a technology presently far from development. The Sun's energy comes from nuclear fusion of hydrogen, but this process is difficult to achieve controllably on Earth. Elemental hydr... | [
{
"answer": "not",
"question": "Is Hydrogen considered an energy resource?"
},
{
"answer": "nuclear fusion of hydrogen",
"question": "Where does the sun get its energy from?"
},
{
"answer": "energy carrier",
"question": "How does hydrogen function when it s burned?"
}
] |
3,240 | The energy density per unit volume of both liquid hydrogen and compressed hydrogen gas at any practicable pressure is significantly less than that of traditional fuel sources, although the energy density per unit fuel mass is higher. Nevertheless, elemental hydrogen has been widely discussed in the context of energy, a... | [
{
"answer": "elemental",
"question": "What form of hydrogen has been discussed as a ussage for fuel?"
}
] |
3,241 | Hydrogen is employed to saturate broken ("dangling") bonds of amorphous silicon and amorphous carbon that helps stabilizing material properties. It is also a potential electron donor in various oxide materials, including ZnO, SnO2, CdO, MgO, ZrO2, HfO2, La2O3, Y2O3, TiO2, SrTiO3, LaAlO3, SiO2, Al2O3, ZrSiO4, HfSiO4, an... | [
{
"answer": "to saturate broken (\"dangling\") bonds of amorphous silicon and amorphous carbon that helps stabilizing material properties",
"question": "Why is hydrogen employed?"
},
{
"answer": "a potential electron donor",
"question": "How is hydrogen used in oxide materials?"
},
{
"an... |
3,242 | H2 is a product of some types of anaerobic metabolism and is produced by several microorganisms, usually via reactions catalyzed by iron- or nickel-containing enzymes called hydrogenases. These enzymes catalyze the reversible redox reaction between H2 and its component two protons and two electrons. Creation of hydroge... | [
{
"answer": "hydrogenases",
"question": "What enzymes are used to produce H2?"
},
{
"answer": "in the transfer of reducing equivalents produced during pyruvate fermentation to water",
"question": "When does hydrogen gas occur?"
},
{
"answer": "hydrogen cycle",
"question": "What is th... |
3,243 | Water splitting, in which water is decomposed into its component protons, electrons, and oxygen, occurs in the light reactions in all photosynthetic organisms. Some such organisms, including the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and cyanobacteria, have evolved a second step in the dark reactions in which protons and elect... | [
{
"answer": "Water splitting",
"question": "What is the decomposition of water into its components called?"
},
{
"answer": "in the light reactions in all photosynthetic organisms",
"question": "Where does water splitting occur?"
},
{
"answer": "alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and cyanobac... |
3,244 | Hydrogen poses a number of hazards to human safety, from potential detonations and fires when mixed with air to being an asphyxiant in its pure, oxygen-free form. In addition, liquid hydrogen is a cryogen and presents dangers (such as frostbite) associated with very cold liquids. Hydrogen dissolves in many metals, and,... | [
{
"answer": "potential detonations and fires when mixed with air to being an asphyxiant in its pure, oxygen-free form",
"question": "What threats can hydrogen cause to human saftey?"
},
{
"answer": "cracks and explosions",
"question": "What can hydrogen embrittlement lead to?"
}
] |
3,245 | Even interpreting the hydrogen data (including safety data) is confounded by a number of phenomena. Many physical and chemical properties of hydrogen depend on the parahydrogen/orthohydrogen ratio (it often takes days or weeks at a given temperature to reach the equilibrium ratio, for which the data is usually given). ... | [
{
"answer": "the parahydrogen/orthohydrogen ratio",
"question": "What do physical and chemical properties of hydrogen depend on?"
},
{
"answer": "days or weeks",
"question": "How long can it take to reach the equilibrium ratio?"
},
{
"answer": "container geometry",
"question": "What ... |
3,246 | A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is a software application for retrieving, presenting, and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web. An information resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI/URL) and may be a web page, image, video or other piece of content. Hyperlinks p... | [
{
"answer": "browser",
"question": "What do people typically call a web browser?"
},
{
"answer": "World Wide Web",
"question": "What platform is a browser used on?"
},
{
"answer": "Uniform Resource Identifier",
"question": "What does URL mean?"
},
{
"answer": "Hyperlinks",
... |
3,247 | Although browsers are primarily intended to use the World Wide Web, they can also be used to access information provided by web servers in private networks or files in file systems. | [
{
"answer": "the World Wide Web",
"question": "The primary function of a browser is to use what?"
},
{
"answer": "private networks",
"question": "In addition to accessing the Internet, browsers can also access info that is put there by web servers in what?"
},
{
"answer": "file systems",... |
3,248 | The first web browser was invented in 1990 by Sir Tim Berners-Lee. Berners-Lee is the director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), which oversees the Web's continued development, and is also the founder of the World Wide Web Foundation. His browser was called WorldWideWeb and later renamed Nexus. | [
{
"answer": "1990",
"question": "When was the first browser created?"
},
{
"answer": "Sir Tim Berners-Lee",
"question": "Who invented the first browser?"
},
{
"answer": "the World Wide Web Consortium",
"question": "What was Berners-Lee a director of?"
},
{
"answer": "World Wi... |
3,249 | In 1993, browser software was further innovated by Marc Andreessen with the release of Mosaic, "the world's first popular browser", which made the World Wide Web system easy to use and more accessible to the average person. Andreesen's browser sparked the internet boom of the 1990s. The introduction of Mosaic in 1993 –... | [
{
"answer": "Marc Andreessen",
"question": "Who released Mosaic?"
},
{
"answer": "1993",
"question": "When was Mosaic released?"
},
{
"answer": "Netscape",
"question": "When Andreessen left the company he worked for, what new company did he start?"
},
{
"answer": "Netscape Na... |
3,250 | Microsoft responded with its Internet Explorer in 1995, also heavily influenced by Mosaic, initiating the industry's first browser war. Bundled with Windows, Internet Explorer gained dominance in the web browser market; Internet Explorer usage share peaked at over 95% by 2002. | [
{
"answer": "Microsoft",
"question": "Who released the Internet Explorer browser?"
},
{
"answer": "1995",
"question": "When did Microsoft release Internet Explorer?"
},
{
"answer": "browser war",
"question": "The release of Internet Explorer started the first what?"
},
{
"ans... |
3,251 | Opera debuted in 1996; it has never achieved widespread use, having less than 2% browser usage share as of February 2012 according to Net Applications. Its Opera-mini version has an additive share, in April 2011 amounting to 1.1% of overall browser use, but focused on the fast-growing mobile phone web browser market, b... | [
{
"answer": "1996",
"question": "Opera was introduced in what year?"
},
{
"answer": "Opera-mini version",
"question": "What accounted for 1.1% of browser use in April 2011?"
},
{
"answer": "mobile phone web browser",
"question": "Opera focused on which quickly growing market?"
},
... |
3,252 | In 1998, Netscape launched what was to become the Mozilla Foundation in an attempt to produce a competitive browser using the open source software model. That browser would eventually evolve into Firefox, which developed a respectable following while still in the beta stage of development; shortly after the release of ... | [
{
"answer": "Mozilla Foundation",
"question": "What did Netscape launch in 1998?"
},
{
"answer": "open source software model",
"question": "Netscape wanted to have a competitive browser using what?"
},
{
"answer": "Firefox",
"question": "What was the resulting browser for the Mozilla... |
3,253 | Apple's Safari had its first beta release in January 2003; as of April 2011, it had a dominant share of Apple-based web browsing, accounting for just over 7% of the entire browser market. | [
{
"answer": "January 2003",
"question": "When was the first beta release for Safari?"
},
{
"answer": "Apple",
"question": "Who created Safari?"
}
] |
3,254 | The most recent major entrant to the browser market is Chrome, first released in September 2008. Chrome's take-up has increased significantly year by year, by doubling its usage share from 8% to 16% by August 2011. This increase seems largely to be at the expense of Internet Explorer, whose share has tended to decrease... | [
{
"answer": "Chrome",
"question": "Which browser is the newest to enter the field?"
},
{
"answer": "September 2008",
"question": "When was Chrome released?"
},
{
"answer": "Internet Explorer",
"question": "As Chrome usage increases, which browser usage has continued to decrease?"
}... |
3,255 | Internet Explorer, on the other hand, was bundled free with the Windows operating system (and was also downloadable free), and therefore it was funded partly by the sales of Windows to computer manufacturers and direct to users. Internet Explorer also used to be available for the Mac. It is likely that releasing IE for... | [
{
"answer": "Internet Explorer",
"question": "What was bundled for free with the Windows OS?"
},
{
"answer": "sales of Windows to computer manufacturers and direct to users",
"question": "Internet Explorer was partially funded in what two ways?"
},
{
"answer": "Mac",
"question": "Wha... |
3,256 | In January 2009, the European Commission announced it would investigate the bundling of Internet Explorer with Windows operating systems from Microsoft, saying "Microsoft's tying of Internet Explorer to the Windows operating system harms competition between web browsers, undermines product innovation and ultimately red... | [
{
"answer": "the European Commission",
"question": "Who investigated the bundling of the IE browser with Windows OS?"
},
{
"answer": "January 2009",
"question": "When did the European Commission say they would investigate the bundling?"
},
{
"answer": "competition between web browsers",
... |
3,257 | Safari and Mobile Safari were likewise always included with OS X and iOS respectively, so, similarly, they were originally funded by sales of Apple computers and mobile devices, and formed part of the overall Apple experience to customers. | [
{
"answer": "Safari",
"question": "What browser was automatically included with OS X?"
}
] |
3,258 | Today, most commercial web browsers are paid by search engine companies to make their engine default, or to include them as another option. For example, Google pays Mozilla, the maker of Firefox, to make Google Search the default search engine in Firefox. Mozilla makes enough money from this deal that it does not need ... | [
{
"answer": "Google",
"question": "Which company pays Firefox to make their search engine the default on their browser?"
},
{
"answer": "Chrome",
"question": "What other browser has Google as the default search engine?"
},
{
"answer": "Google Chrome",
"question": "The increased reven... |
3,259 | The primary purpose of a web browser is to bring information resources to the user ("retrieval" or "fetching"), allowing them to view the information ("display", "rendering"), and then access other information ("navigation", "following links"). | [
{
"answer": "to bring information resources to the user",
"question": "What is the main use of a browser?"
}
] |
3,260 | This process begins when the user inputs a Uniform Resource Locator (URL), for example http://en.wikipedia.org/, into the browser. The prefix of the URL, the Uniform Resource Identifier or URI, determines how the URL will be interpreted. The most commonly used kind of URI starts with http: and identifies a resource to ... | [
{
"answer": "Uniform Resource Locator",
"question": "What does URL stand for?"
},
{
"answer": "The prefix of the URL",
"question": "What is the determining factor in how a URL will be interpreted?"
},
{
"answer": "Hypertext Transfer Protocol",
"question": "What does http stand for?"
... |
3,261 | In the case of http, https, file, and others, once the resource has been retrieved the web browser will display it. HTML and associated content (image files, formatting information such as CSS, etc.) is passed to the browser's layout engine to be transformed from markup to an interactive document, a process known as "r... | [
{
"answer": "rendering",
"question": "What is it called when content is changed from markup to an interactive document?"
},
{
"answer": "Flash applications and Java applets",
"question": "Browsers typically have plug-ins to support what?"
}
] |
3,262 | Information resources may contain hyperlinks to other information resources. Each link contains the URI of a resource to go to. When a link is clicked, the browser navigates to the resource indicated by the link's target URI, and the process of bringing content to the user begins again. | [
{
"answer": "hyperlinks",
"question": "What can resources have to connect to other resources?"
}
] |
3,263 | Available web browsers range in features from minimal, text-based user interfaces with bare-bones support for HTML to rich user interfaces supporting a wide variety of file formats and protocols. Browsers which include additional components to support e-mail, Usenet news, and Internet Relay Chat (IRC), are sometimes re... | [
{
"answer": "rich user interfaces",
"question": "Features on a browser can range from minimal with little support to what?"
},
{
"answer": "Internet suites",
"question": "When a browser includes a lot of extras, it can be referred to as what?"
},
{
"answer": "Internet Relay Chat",
"q... |
3,264 | All major web browsers allow the user to open multiple information resources at the same time, either in different browser windows or in different tabs of the same window. Major browsers also include pop-up blockers to prevent unwanted windows from "popping up" without the user's consent. | [
{
"answer": "pop-up blockers",
"question": "What does not allow windows to pop up without consent?"
}
] |
3,265 | A browser extension is a computer program that extends the functionality of a web browser. Every major web browser supports the development of browser extensions. | [
{
"answer": "browser extension",
"question": "A computer program that continues the functionality of a browser is called what?"
}
] |
3,266 | Most web browsers can display a list of web pages that the user has bookmarked so that the user can quickly return to them. Bookmarks are also called "Favorites" in Internet Explorer. In addition, all major web browsers have some form of built-in web feed aggregator. In Firefox, web feeds are formatted as "live bookmar... | [
{
"answer": "bookmarked",
"question": "A list of websites a user can click to get back to easy have been what by the user?"
},
{
"answer": "Favorites",
"question": "What are \"bookmarks\" called in Internet Explorer?"
},
{
"answer": "feed aggregator",
"question": "The top browsers ha... |
3,267 | Most browsers support HTTP Secure and offer quick and easy ways to delete the web cache, download history, form and search history, cookies, and browsing history. For a comparison of the current security vulnerabilities of browsers, see comparison of web browsers. | [
{
"answer": "Most browsers",
"question": "HTTP Secure is supported by what?"
},
{
"answer": "form and search history",
"question": "Cache, download history, cookies, browsing and what else can be quickly deleted in browsers?"
},
{
"answer": "current security vulnerabilities",
"questi... |
3,268 | Early web browsers supported only a very simple version of HTML. The rapid development of proprietary web browsers led to the development of non-standard dialects of HTML, leading to problems with interoperability. Modern web browsers support a combination of standards-based and de facto HTML and XHTML, which should be... | [
{
"answer": "proprietary web browsers",
"question": "Quick development of what kind of browsers led to non-standard HTML dialects?"
},
{
"answer": "problems with interoperability",
"question": "Non-standard dialects led to what?"
},
{
"answer": "HTML and XHTML",
"question": "Modern b... |
3,269 | Web browsers consist of a user interface, layout engine, rendering engine, JavaScript interpreter, UI backend, networking component and data persistence component. These components achieve different functionalities of a web browser and together provide all capabilities of a web browser. | [
{
"answer": "Web browsers",
"question": "A user interface, UI backend, layout engine and other things are part of what?"
},
{
"answer": "functionalities",
"question": "The layout engine, rendering engine, user interface and other things are components that offer different what of web browsers?"
... |
3,270 | Boston (pronounced i/ˈbɒstən/) is the capital and largest city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. Boston also served as the historic county seat of Suffolk County until Massachusetts disbanded county government in 1999. The city proper covers 48 square miles (124 km2) with an estimated populatio... | [
{
"answer": "Boston",
"question": "What is the capital of Massachusetts?"
},
{
"answer": "655,884",
"question": "What is the approximate population for 2014?"
},
{
"answer": "48 square miles",
"question": "How many square miles does Boston cover?"
},
{
"answer": "655,884",
... |
3,271 | One of the oldest cities in the United States, Boston was founded on the Shawmut Peninsula in 1630 by Puritan settlers from England. It was the scene of several key events of the American Revolution, such as the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, the Battle of Bunker Hill, and the Siege of Boston. Upon American ind... | [
{
"answer": "1630",
"question": "When was Boston founded?"
},
{
"answer": "Shawmut Peninsula",
"question": "Where was Boston Founded?"
},
{
"answer": "Boston Massacre",
"question": "List one major event that took place in Boston."
},
{
"answer": "20 million",
"question": ... |
3,272 | The area's many colleges and universities make Boston an international center of higher education and medicine, and the city is considered to be a world leader in innovation. Boston's economic base also includes finance, professional and business services, biotechnology, information technology, and government activitie... | [
{
"answer": "businesses and institutions",
"question": "What ranks in the top of the country for investment?"
},
{
"answer": "philanthropy",
"question": "Households in Boston claim the highest average rate of what in the United States?"
},
{
"answer": "environmental sustainability and in... |
3,273 | Boston's early European settlers had first called the area Trimountaine (after its "three mountains"—only traces of which remain today) but later renamed it Boston after Boston, Lincolnshire, England, the origin of several prominent colonists. The renaming, on September 7, 1630 (Old Style),[b] was by Puritan colonists ... | [
{
"answer": "Trimountaine",
"question": "What was the name before the city was called Boston?"
},
{
"answer": "Trimountaine",
"question": "What did Boston's early settlers call the area?"
},
{
"answer": "three mountains",
"question": "What does Trimountaine mean?"
},
{
"answe... |
3,274 | In 1629, the Massachusetts Bay Colony's first governor, John Winthrop, led the signing of the Cambridge Agreement, a key founding document of the city. Puritan ethics and their focus on education influenced its early history; America's first public school was founded in Boston in 1635. Over the next 130 years, the city... | [
{
"answer": "1629",
"question": "What year was the Cambridge Agreement signed?"
},
{
"answer": "1635",
"question": "America's first public school was founded in Boston in what year?"
},
{
"answer": "John Winthrop",
"question": "Who was Massachusetts first governor?"
},
{
"ans... |
3,275 | Many of the crucial events of the American Revolution—the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, Paul Revere's midnight ride, the battles of Lexington and Concord and Bunker Hill, the Siege of Boston, and many others—occurred in or near Boston. After the Revolution, Boston's long seafaring tradition helped make it one ... | [
{
"answer": "the American Revolution",
"question": "Boston became one of the wealthiest international ports after what war?"
},
{
"answer": "seafaring tradition",
"question": "What long held tradition helped make Boston a wealthy port?"
},
{
"answer": "the American Revolution",
"ques... |
3,276 | The Embargo Act of 1807, adopted during the Napoleonic Wars, and the War of 1812 significantly curtailed Boston's harbor activity. Although foreign trade returned after these hostilities, Boston's merchants had found alternatives for their capital investments in the interim. Manufacturing became an important component ... | [
{
"answer": "The Embargo Act of 1807",
"question": "What act was put in place during the Napoleonic wars and the war of 1812?"
},
{
"answer": "The Embargo Act of 1807",
"question": "What act cut down on Boston's harbor activity?"
},
{
"answer": "manufacturing",
"question": "What beca... |
3,277 | During this period Boston flourished culturally as well, admired for its rarefied literary life and generous artistic patronage, with members of old Boston families—eventually dubbed Boston Brahmins—coming to be regarded as the nation's social and cultural elites. | [
{
"answer": "Boston Brahmins",
"question": "What was the name given to old Boston families?"
},
{
"answer": "Boston Brahmins",
"question": "Who came to be known as the nation's social elites?"
},
{
"answer": "literary life",
"question": "Boston was admired for what kind of life?"
}... |
3,278 | Boston was an early port of the Atlantic triangular slave trade in the New England colonies, but was soon overtaken by Salem, Massachusetts and Newport, Rhode Island. Eventually Boston became a center of the abolitionist movement. The city reacted strongly to the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, contributing to President Fr... | [
{
"answer": "slave trade",
"question": "Boston was overtaken by Salem, Massachusetts in what type of trade? "
},
{
"answer": "the abolitionist movement",
"question": "What movement did Boston become the center of after it stopped slave trade?"
},
{
"answer": "the Fugitive Slave Law of 18... |
3,279 | In 1822, the citizens of Boston voted to change the official name from "the Town of Boston" to "the City of Boston", and on March 4, 1822, the people of Boston accepted the charter incorporating the City. At the time Boston was chartered as a city, the population was about 46,226, while the area of the city was only 4.... | [
{
"answer": "the Town of Boston",
"question": "What was the City of Boston's name before it was the City of Boston?"
},
{
"answer": "1822",
"question": "What year was the name changes to the City of Boston?"
},
{
"answer": "a city",
"question": "Boston was chartered as what in 1822?"... |
3,280 | In the 1820s, Boston's population grew rapidly, and the city's ethnic composition changed dramatically with the first wave of European immigrants. Irish immigrants dominated the first wave of newcomers during this period, especially following the Irish Potato Famine; by 1850, about 35,000 Irish lived in Boston. In the ... | [
{
"answer": "Boston's population grew rapidly",
"question": "How did Boston's population change in the 1820's?"
},
{
"answer": "the city's ethnic composition",
"question": "The first Europen immigrants arrival changed what in Boston?"
},
{
"answer": "about 35,000",
"question": "What ... |
3,282 | By the early and mid-20th century, the city was in decline as factories became old and obsolete, and businesses moved out of the region for cheaper labor elsewhere. Boston responded by initiating various urban renewal projects under the direction of the Boston Redevelopment Authority (BRA), which was established in 195... | [
{
"answer": "20th century",
"question": "During what century did businesses move out of Boston to find cheaper labor?"
},
{
"answer": "the Boston Redevelopment Authority (BRA)",
"question": "Projects to renew the city were put into place by what?"
},
{
"answer": "with vociferous public o... |
3,284 | Boston is an intellectual, technological, and political center but has lost some important regional institutions, including the acquisition of The Boston Globe by The New York Times, and the loss to mergers and acquisitions of local financial institutions such as FleetBoston Financial, which was acquired by Charlotte-b... | [
{
"answer": "The Boston Globe",
"question": "The New York Times bought what famous Boston newspaper?"
},
{
"answer": "Bank of America",
"question": "Who bought FleetBoston Financial?"
},
{
"answer": "2004",
"question": "What year did Bank of America buy FleetBoston Fonancial?"
},
... |
3,285 | On April 15, 2013, two Chechen Islamist brothers exploded two bombs near the finish line of the Boston Marathon, killing three people and injuring roughly 264. | [
{
"answer": "April 15, 2013",
"question": "On what date did bombs go off at the Boston marathon?"
},
{
"answer": "near the finish line",
"question": "At what point of the Marathon were the bombs exploded?"
},
{
"answer": "three",
"question": "How many fatalities were there at the mar... |
3,286 | Boston has an area of 89.6 square miles (232.1 km2)—48.4 square miles (125.4 km2) (54.0%) of land and 41.2 square miles (106.7 km2) (46.0%) of water. The city's official elevation, as measured at Logan International Airport, is 19 ft (5.8 m) above sea level. The highest point in Boston is Bellevue Hill at 330 feet (100... | [
{
"answer": "89.6 square miles",
"question": "What is the total area of Boston?"
},
{
"answer": "48.4 square miles",
"question": "How many square miles of land is Boston?"
},
{
"answer": "41.2 square miles",
"question": "How many square miles of water is Boston?"
},
{
"answer... |
3,287 | Boston is surrounded by the "Greater Boston" region and is contiguously bordered by the cities and towns of Winthrop, Revere, Chelsea, Everett, Somerville, Cambridge, Newton, Brookline, Needham, Dedham, Canton, Milton, and Quincy. The Charles River separates Boston from Watertown and the majority of Cambridge, and the ... | [
{
"answer": "Greater Boston",
"question": "What is the name of the region that surrounds Boston?"
},
{
"answer": "The Charles River",
"question": "What river seperates Boston from Charlestown?"
},
{
"answer": "To the east",
"question": "What direction from Boston is Boston Harbor?"
... |
3,288 | Boston is sometimes called a "city of neighborhoods" because of the profusion of diverse subsections; the city government's Office of Neighborhood Services has officially designated 23 neighborhoods. | [
{
"answer": "city of neighborhoods",
"question": "What s Boston sometimes called?"
},
{
"answer": "23 neighborhoods",
"question": "How many neighborhoods are in Boston?"
},
{
"answer": "Office of Neighborhood Services",
"question": "What division of the City Government designated the... |
3,291 | Boston's coastal location on the North Atlantic moderates its temperature, but makes the city very prone to Nor'easter weather systems that can produce much snow and rain. The city averages 43.8 inches (1,110 mm) of precipitation a year, with 43.8 inches (111 cm) of snowfall per season. Snowfall increases dramatically ... | [
{
"answer": "the North Atlantic",
"question": "On what coast is Boston located?"
},
{
"answer": "Nor'easter",
"question": "What type of weather systems in Boston can produce much snow and rain?"
},
{
"answer": "43.8 inches",
"question": "What is the average rainfall in the City of Bo... |
3,292 | Fog is fairly common, particularly in spring and early summer, and the occasional tropical storm or hurricane can threaten the region, especially in late summer and early autumn. Due to its situation along the North Atlantic, the city often receives sea breezes, especially in the late spring, when water temperatures ar... | [
{
"answer": "spring and early summer",
"question": "During what seasons is fog common in Boston?"
},
{
"answer": "late summer and early autumn",
"question": "When can tropical storms and hurricanes threaten Boston?"
},
{
"answer": "late spring",
"question": "Sea breezes occur during ... |
3,293 | In 2010, Boston was estimated to have 617,594 residents (a density of 12,200 persons/sq mile, or 4,700/km2) living in 272,481 housing units— a 5% population increase over 2000. The city is the third most densely populated large U.S. city of over half a million residents. Some 1.2 million persons may be within Boston's ... | [
{
"answer": "617,594",
"question": "About what was the population of Boston in 2010?"
},
{
"answer": "272,481",
"question": "How many housing units were there in Boston in 2010?"
},
{
"answer": "1.2 million",
"question": "How many people are in Boston during work hours?"
},
{
... |
3,295 | The median household income in Boston was $51,739, while the median income for a family was $61,035. Full-time year-round male workers had a median income of $52,544 versus $46,540 for full-time year-round female workers. The per capita income for the city was $33,158. 21.4% of the population and 16.0% of families are ... | [
{
"answer": "$51,739",
"question": "What is the average household income in Boston?"
},
{
"answer": "$61,035",
"question": "What is the average family income in Boston?"
},
{
"answer": "$52,544",
"question": "What is the average income for a full time male worker?"
},
{
"answ... |
3,296 | In 1950, whites represented 94.7% of Boston's population. From the 1950s to the end of the 20th century, the proportion of non-Hispanic whites in the city declined; in 2000, non-Hispanic whites made up 49.5% of the city's population, making the city majority-minority for the first time. However, in recent years the cit... | [
{
"answer": "94.7%",
"question": "What percent of Boston's population was white in 1950?"
},
{
"answer": "49.5%",
"question": "In 2000, what percen tof the population were non hispanic and white?"
},
{
"answer": "2000",
"question": "What year did minorities become the majority of the... |
3,297 | People of Irish descent form the largest single ethnic group in the city, making up 15.8% of the population, followed by Italians, accounting for 8.3% of the population. People of West Indian and Caribbean ancestry are another sizable group, at 6.0%, about half of whom are of Haitian ancestry. Over 27,000 Chinese Ameri... | [
{
"answer": "People of Irish descent",
"question": "What people form the largest ethnic group in the city?"
},
{
"answer": "15.8%",
"question": "What percentage of the city's population is Irish?"
},
{
"answer": "Italians",
"question": "What is the second largest ethnic group in the ... |
3,298 | The city has a sizable Jewish population with an estimated 25,000 Jews within the city and 227,000 within the Boston metro area; the number of congregations in Boston is estimated at 22. The adjacent communities of Brookline and Newton are both approximately one-third Jewish. | [
{
"answer": "25,000",
"question": "How many Jewish people live in the City of Boston?"
},
{
"answer": "227,000",
"question": "How many Jewish people live in the Boston Metro area?"
},
{
"answer": "22",
"question": "What is the total number of congregations in Boston?"
},
{
"a... |
3,299 | The city, especially the East Boston neighborhood, has a significant Hispanic community. Hispanics in Boston are mostly of Puerto Rican (30,506 or 4.9% of total city population), Dominican (25,648 or 4.2% of total city population), Salvadoran (10,850 or 1.8% of city population), Colombian (6,649 or 1.1% of total city p... | [
{
"answer": "the East Boston neighborhood",
"question": "What neighborhoos has a high rate of hispanics?"
},
{
"answer": "107,917",
"question": "How many hispanics live in the City of Boston?"
},
{
"answer": "175,000+",
"question": "How many Puerto Rican hispanics live in greater Bos... |
3,300 | According to a 2014 study by the Pew Research Center, 57% of the population of the city identified themselves as Christians, with 25% professing attendance at a variety of churches that could be considered Protestant, and 29% professing Roman Catholic beliefs. while 33% claim no religious affiliation. The same study sa... | [
{
"answer": "57%",
"question": "In 2014, what percentage of the city identified as Christian?"
},
{
"answer": "25%",
"question": "In 2014, what percentage of the city identified as Protestant?"
},
{
"answer": "29%",
"question": "In 2014, what percent of the City of Boston was Catholi... |
3,301 | As of 2010 the Catholic Church had the highest number of adherents as a single denomination in the Boston-Cambridge-Newton Metro area, with more than two million members and 339 churches, followed by the Episcopal Church with 58,000 adherents in 160 churches. The United Church of Christ had 55,000 members and 213 churc... | [
{
"answer": "two million",
"question": "How many member attended the Catholic Church in the Boston area in 2010?"
},
{
"answer": "339",
"question": "How many Catholic churches were in the Boston area in 2010?"
},
{
"answer": "160",
"question": "How many Episcopal churches were in the... |
3,302 | A global city, Boston is placed among the top 30 most economically powerful cities in the world. Encompassing $363 billion, the Greater Boston metropolitan area has the sixth-largest economy in the country and 12th-largest in the world. | [
{
"answer": "among the top 30",
"question": "What rank does Boston hold as far as being an economically powerful city in the world?"
},
{
"answer": "$363 billion",
"question": "What is the economy of Boston?"
},
{
"answer": "sixth-largest",
"question": "What ranking in the country do... |
3,303 | Boston's colleges and universities have a significant effect on the regional economy. Boston attracts more than 350,000 college students from around the world, who contribute more than $4.8 billion annually to the city's economy. The area's schools are major employers and attract industries to the city and surrounding ... | [
{
"answer": "more than 350,000",
"question": "How many college students does Boston attract?"
},
{
"answer": "$4.8 billion",
"question": "Students from around the world contribute how much a year to Bostons economy?"
},
{
"answer": "biotechnology",
"question": "Because of the number ... |
3,304 | The city is considered highly innovative for a variety of reasons, including the presence of academia, access to venture capital, and the presence of many high-tech companies. The Route 128 corridor and Greater Boston continue to be a major center for venture capital investment, and high technology remains an important... | [
{
"answer": "venture capital",
"question": "The city is innovative becaus eit has access to what type of capital?"
},
{
"answer": "high-tech companies",
"question": "There is a high presence of what type of company in the city?"
},
{
"answer": "venture capital investment",
"question... |
3,305 | Tourism also composes a large part of Boston's economy, with 21.2 million domestic and international visitors spending $8.3 billion in 2011; excluding visitors from Canada and Mexico, over 1.4 million international tourists visited Boston in 2014, with those from China and the United Kingdom leading the list. Boston's ... | [
{
"answer": "Tourism",
"question": "A large part of Boston's economy is made up of what?"
},
{
"answer": "21.2 million",
"question": "How many tourists visited Boston in 2011?"
},
{
"answer": "$8.3 billion",
"question": "How much did tourists spend in Boston in 2011?"
},
{
"a... |
3,306 | Other important industries are financial services, especially mutual funds and insurance. Boston-based Fidelity Investments helped popularize the mutual fund in the 1980s and has made Boston one of the top financial cities in the United States. The city is home to the headquarters of Santander Bank, and Boston is a cen... | [
{
"answer": "financial services",
"question": "Mutual funds and insurance are what type of industry?"
},
{
"answer": "Fidelity Investments",
"question": "What Boston investment firm helped make mutual funds popular in the 1980's?"
},
{
"answer": "Fidelity Investments",
"question": "W... |
3,307 | The Boston Public Schools enrolls 57,000 students attending 145 schools, including the renowned Boston Latin Academy, John D. O'Bryant School of Math & Science, and Boston Latin School. The Boston Latin School, established 1635, is the oldest public high school in the US; Boston also operates the United States' second ... | [
{
"answer": "57,000",
"question": "How many students are in Boston Public schools?"
},
{
"answer": "145 schools",
"question": "How many schools are in Boston?"
},
{
"answer": "The Boston Latin School",
"question": "What is the oldest public high school in the US?"
},
{
"answe... |
3,309 | Smaller private schools include Babson College, Bentley University, Boston Architectural College, Emmanuel College, Fisher College, MGH Institute of Health Professions, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Simmons College, Wellesley College, Wheelock College, Wentworth Institute of Technology, New Eng... | [
{
"answer": "Smaller private schools",
"question": "Babson College is what type of institution?"
},
{
"answer": "New England School of Law",
"question": "What small private law school is located in Boston?"
},
{
"answer": "New England School of Law",
"question": "What was the name of... |
3,310 | Metropolitan Boston is home to several conservatories and art schools, including Lesley University College of Art and Design, Massachusetts College of Art, the School of the Museum of Fine Arts, New England Institute of Art, New England School of Art and Design (Suffolk University), Longy School of Music of Bard Colleg... | [
{
"answer": "Metropolitan Boston",
"question": "Wher e is Lesley University College of Art and Desighn located?"
},
{
"answer": "Suffolk University",
"question": "What is another name for New Englans school of Art and Design"
},
{
"answer": "the New England Conservatory",
"question":... |
3,311 | Several universities located outside Boston have a major presence in the city. Harvard University, the nation's oldest institute of higher education, is centered across the Charles River in Cambridge but has the majority of its land holdings and a substantial amount of its educational activities in Boston. Its business... | [
{
"answer": "Harvard University",
"question": "What Univesity located outside of Boston still holds a large presence in the city?"
},
{
"answer": "Harvard University",
"question": "What is the nations oldest college?"
},
{
"answer": "Allston",
"question": "Where does Harvard plan to ... |
3,312 | Like many major American cities, Boston has seen a great reduction in violent crime since the early 1990s. Boston's low crime rate since the 1990s has been credited to the Boston Police Department's collaboration with neighborhood groups and church parishes to prevent youths from joining gangs, as well as involvement f... | [
{
"answer": "violent crime",
"question": "Since the early 1990's, Boston has had less of what type of crime?"
},
{
"answer": "joining gangs",
"question": "Boston police and local groups make an effort toprevent youth from doing what?"
},
{
"answer": "Murders",
"question": "The Boston... |
3,313 | In 2008, there were 62 reported homicides. Through December 20 each of 2014 and 2015, the Boston Police Department reported 52 and 39 homicides, respectively. | [
{
"answer": "62",
"question": "How many reported murders were there in 2008?"
},
{
"answer": "52",
"question": "How many murders were there in 2014?"
},
{
"answer": "39",
"question": "How many murders were there in Boston in 2015?"
}
] |
3,314 | Boston shares many cultural roots with greater New England, including a dialect of the non-rhotic Eastern New England accent known as Boston English, and a regional cuisine with a large emphasis on seafood, salt, and dairy products. Irish Americans are a major influence on Boston's politics and religious institutions. ... | [
{
"answer": "greater New England",
"question": "Boston is culturally similar to what area?"
},
{
"answer": "Boston English",
"question": "What is the Boston accent known as?"
},
{
"answer": "Irish Americans",
"question": "Who influences Boston's politics and religion?"
},
{
"... |
3,315 | Boston has been called the "Athens of America" for its literary culture, earning a reputation as "the intellectual capital of the United States." In the nineteenth century, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Margaret Fuller, James Russell Lowell, and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow wrote in Bosto... | [
{
"answer": "Athens of America",
"question": "Known for its literary culture, Boston has also been called what?"
},
{
"answer": "the nineteenth century",
"question": "What century did Ralph Waldo Emerson write in?"
},
{
"answer": "Old Corner Bookstore",
"question": "What was the name... |
3,317 | There are several major annual events such as First Night, which occurs on New Year's Eve, the Boston Early Music Festival, the annual Boston Arts Festival at Christopher Columbus Waterfront Park, and Italian summer feasts in the North End honoring Catholic saints. The city is the site of several events during the Four... | [
{
"answer": "First Night",
"question": "What event occurs on New Year's Eve?"
},
{
"answer": "Christopher Columbus Waterfront Park",
"question": "Where is the annual Boston Arts festival?"
},
{
"answer": "the North End",
"question": "Where are Italian Summer feasts held?"
},
{
... |
3,318 | Because of the city's prominent role in the American Revolution, several historic sites relating to that period are preserved as part of the Boston National Historical Park. Many are found along the Freedom Trail, which is marked by a red line of bricks embedded in the ground. The city is also home to several art museu... | [
{
"answer": "several historic sites",
"question": "What is preserved in the Boston national Historical Park?"
},
{
"answer": "the Freedom Trail",
"question": "What is marked by a line of red bricks in the ground?"
},
{
"answer": "in the Seaport District",
"question": "Where is the in... |
3,319 | Boston has been a noted religious center from its earliest days. The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston serves nearly 300 parishes and is based in the Cathedral of the Holy Cross (1875) in the South End, while the Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts, with the Cathedral Church of St. Paul (1819) as its episcopal seat, ... | [
{
"answer": "from its earliest days",
"question": "How long has Boston been a religious center?"
},
{
"answer": "nearly 300",
"question": "How many Roman Catholic parishes are in Boston?"
},
{
"answer": "the South End",
"question": "Where is the Cathedral of the Holy Cross located?"
... |
3,320 | Air quality in Boston is generally very good: during the ten-year period 2004–2013, there were only 4 days in which the air was unhealthy for the general public, according to the EPA. | [
{
"answer": "generally very good",
"question": "How is the air quality in Boston?"
},
{
"answer": "4 days",
"question": "How many days between 2004 and 2013 was the air unhealthy?"
},
{
"answer": "the EPA",
"question": "Who determined that the air quality was unhealthy on those 4 day... |
3,321 | Some of the cleaner energy facilities in Boston include the Allston green district, with three ecologically compatible housing facilities. Boston is also breaking ground on multiple green affordable housing facilities to help reduce the carbon footprint of the city while simultaneously making these initiatives financia... | [
{
"answer": "cleaner energy facilities",
"question": "Allston Green District is an example of what?"
},
{
"answer": "three",
"question": "How many green housing facilities does the Allston green District contain?"
},
{
"answer": "every three years",
"question": "How often is Boston's... |
3,322 | Another initiative, presented by the late Mayor Thomas Menino, is the Renew Boston Whole Building Incentive, which reduces the cost of living in buildings that are deemed energy efficient. This, much like the green housing developments, gives people of low socioeconomic status an opportunity to find housing in communit... | [
{
"answer": "Thomas Menino",
"question": "Whos is the late Mayor of Boston?"
},
{
"answer": "Mayor Thomas Menino",
"question": "Who came up with the Renew Boston Whole Building Incentive?"
},
{
"answer": "cost of living",
"question": "The incentive reduced the cost of what in buildin... |
3,323 | Many older buildings in certain areas of Boston are supported by wooden piles driven into the area's fill; these piles remain sound if submerged in water, but are subject to dry rot if exposed to air for long periods. Groundwater levels have been dropping, to varying degrees, in many areas of the city, due in part to a... | [
{
"answer": "wooden piles",
"question": "Lots of older buildings are supported by what?"
},
{
"answer": "air",
"question": "The piles begin to rot if exposed to what?"
},
{
"answer": "dropping",
"question": "What has been happening to groundwater levels?"
},
{
"answer": "dire... |
3,324 | Boston has teams in the four major North American professional sports leagues plus Major League Soccer, and has won 36 championships in these leagues, As of 2014[update]. It is one of six cities (along with Chicago, Detroit, Los Angeles, New York and Philadelphia) to have won championships in all four major sports. It ... | [
{
"answer": "four",
"question": "How many major North American sports leagues are there?"
},
{
"answer": "36 championships",
"question": "How many championships has Boston won in these leagues?"
},
{
"answer": "nine",
"question": "How many championships have the sports leagues won si... |
3,326 | The TD Garden, formerly called the FleetCenter and built to replace the old, since-demolished Boston Garden, is adjoined to North Station and is the home of two major league teams: the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League and the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association. The arena seats 18,624 for b... | [
{
"answer": "the FleetCenter",
"question": "What is the TD Gardens former name?"
},
{
"answer": "Boston Garden",
"question": "What was the FleetCenter built to replace?"
},
{
"answer": "two",
"question": "How many teams is TD garden the home to?"
},
{
"answer": "18,624",
... |
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