title stringlengths 3 83 | links list | pid stringlengths 3 6 | text stringlengths 549 8.52k | questions list |
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Sid Spindler | [
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"target": "German minority in Poland"
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"target": "Volksdeutsche"
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"target": "Deu... | p_2800 | Spindler was born in Łódź, Poland, to an ethnic German family. He was the son of Gertrud Alma (née Bernewitz) and Oskar Karl Spindler; his father was a businessman. Spindler was considered part of the Volksdeutsche by the Nazi regime, and after the German invasion of Poland in 1939 was required to join the Deutsches Jungvolk (part of the Hitler Youth). When Germany's Eastern Front collapsed in 1944, Spindler and other children of Łódź were evacuated to a rural estate north of the city. In January 1945, he and his companions were forced to flee west on foot to escape the advancing Red Army; many of them were killed by starvation, exposure, or bombing raids. Spindler was eventually reunited with his family in Magdeburg, and they settled in Weißenfels, Saxony-Anhalt, which became part of the Soviet occupation zone and later East Germany. He was blacklisted from attending university due to his anti-Soviet views, and at the age of 17 was granted permission to move to Australia, sponsored by a relative who had settled in Melbourne.
| [
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Tetsuhiro Kuroda | [
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"target": "Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling"
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343... | p_2801 | Kuroda began his professional wrestling career in January 1993, when he was trained by Pro Wrestling Crusaders (PWC) at their dojo and made his debut on March 18, 1993 against Hideki Hosaka. PWC closed after a few months and Kuroda resumed his training at the Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling (FMW) dojo. He made his FMW debut as a fan favorite with Masato Tanaka by losing to Dark Ranger and Masaru Toi in a tag team match on October 15. Kuroda remained in the low card for many years in the company and was usually utilized in opening matches on the card and served as a enhancement talent against higher level opponents, winning against only lesser known talent. He was often paired with fellow newcomer Tanaka in mid-card matches during the early years of his career and often wrestled Tanaka, Koji Nakagawa and Gosaku Goshogawara. Kuroda's first main event match took place on November 26, 1994, when he teamed with Atsushi Onita, Katsutoshi Niiyama and Masato Tanaka to defeat Mr. Pogo, The Gladiator, Hideki Hosaka and Hisakatsu Oya in a no ropes barbed wire street fight deathmatch. Kuroda would team with Onita, Niiyama and Tanaka in several street fights during late 1994 and early 1995. In the summer of 1995, Kuroda was entered into the Young Spirit Tournament, a round robin tournament consisting of rising rookies of the company. He would lose all of his matches in the tournament against W*ING Kanemura, Hideki Hosaka, Koji Nakagawa and Hido, while wrestling Masato Tanaka to a double knockout to gain one point in the tournament.
| [
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"text": "Kuroda began his professional wrestling career in January 1... |
Connecticut Route 87 | [
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"target": "Franklin, Connecticut"
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"target": "Norwich, Connecticut"
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... | p_2802 | Route 87 begins as Norwich-Lebanon Road at an intersection with Route 32 in the southeast corner of the town of Franklin, just northwest of the Yantic neighborhood of Norwich. It heads northwest across the Susquetonscut Brook and railroad tracks, briefly crossing into Bozrah (for 0.18 miles), before re-entering Franklin. The road runs for another in the southwest part of Franklin then enters the town of Lebanon, where the road name becomes Trumbull Highway. Route 87 heads directly into the town center where it has a junction with Route 207. About a mile further, Route 289 splits off heading north towards Willimantic while Route 87 continues northwest towards Columbia. At the Columbia town center, it intersects with Route 66. North of the town center, Route 87 skirts the north shore of Columbia Lake before crossing into the town of Andover. Route 87 ends about half a mile from the town line at an intersection with US 6. Westbound US 6 continues directly into the Andover town center.
| [
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Khariton Chebotaryov | [
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"target": "Gymnasium (school)"
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"target": "Latin"
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"target": "German language"
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"target": "Russi... | p_2803 | Khariton Chebotaryov was born in Vologda into a poor family. In 1755, he entered a gymnasium under the Moscow University, becoming a university student six years later. Upon his graduation from the university in 1764, Chebotaryov was soon hired by his alma mater as a translator from Latin and German. In 1767, he was transferred to the gymnasium as a teacher of history and geography. In 1773, Khariton Chebotaryov was entrusted with teaching Russian literature, simultaneously doing translations from Latin, German, and French with his students. In 1775, he was appointed deputy librarian (суб-библиотекарь) of the university library (only a professor could hold this post) and editor-in-chief of the Moskovskie Vedomosti for the next three years. In 1776, Khariton Chebotaryov became an extraordinary professor at the Russian Literature Department, simultaneously remaining a philosophy and world history teacher at the gymnasium. Upon the death of Professor Johann Gottfried Reichel, Chebotaryov delivered lectures on European history and Russian literature at the gymnasium. In 1778, Khariton Chebotaryov was made an ordinary professor and appointed librarian and censor at the university theater. In 1778-1783, he was a secretary of the academic council (университетская конференция), inspector of the university gymnasium and normal school. In 1782, Khariton Chebotaryov was promoted to the rank of a collegiate assessor and then court councilor (1786). At the behest of the Empress, he and Anton Barsov were engaged in copying out notes from Russian chronicles, located at synodal and patriarchal libraries and Moscow State Archive. These notes were later presented to Catherine the Great and then served as a source for her Notes on Russian History. In consideration of his efforts, Khariton Chebotaryov was rewarded with 500 silver rubles. After the transformation of the university charter, Chebotaryov was elected its rector (being in the rank of collegiate councilor) and awarded with the Order of Saint Anna (2nd Class). Upon his resignation from this post, Chebotaryov was appointed a permanent representative of the university board, remaining as such until his death. In 1809, Khariton Chebotaryov was promoted to the rank of state councilor. During the Patriotic War of 1812, he lost his precious library and personal archives, which would come to him as a shock and greatly undermine his health. As a result, Chebotaryov suffered a stroke and died on July 26, 1815. He was interred at the Vagankovo Cemetery in Moscow.
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"text": "In 1775, he was appointed deputy librarian (суб-библиотек... |
Vyacheslav Polozov | [
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"target": "Rusalka (Dargomyzhsky)"
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"target": "Eugene Onegin (opera)"
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... | p_2804 | In 1978, he became the leading tenor of the Saratov Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre when he performed: Vladimir Igorevich in Borodin's Prince Igor, The Prince in Dargomyzhsky's Rusalka, Lensky in Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin, Lohengrin in Wagner's Lohengrin and in 1980 he became a member of the National Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre of the Republic of Belarus when he performed: Faust in Gounod's Faust, Alfredo in Verdi's La Traviata, the Duke of Mantua in Verdi's Rigoletto, Prince Kuragin in Prokofiev's War and Peace, Pinkerton In Puccini's Madama Butterfly, Vodemon in Tchaikovsky's Iolanta, Tsar Berendey in Rimsky-Korsakov's The Snow Maiden. As a member of the Opera Theatre (Minsk), in 1982, Polozov made his successful debut with the Bolshoi Theatre when he performed Alfredo opposite and Turiddu in Mascagni's Cavalleria rusticana opposite Makvala Kasrashvili and Elena Obraztsova. In 1983, he made his debut in the role of Faust at the Lithuanian National Opera opposite and Irena Milkeviciute. In 1984, he made debut for the role of the Duke of Mantua at the Bulgarian National Opera and Lensky at the Novosibirsk Opera and Ballet Theatre. In 1984, he performed the role of Alfredo at the Estonian National Opera and Latvian National Opera. In January 1986, another great success followed - Polozov's debut at the Teatro alla Scala in Milano where he sang the role of Pinkerton, which very soon became, along with the role of Rodolfo in La Boheme the most important roles in his repertoire. In May 1986 after winning the prestigious Madama Butterfly singing competition (Tokyo, Japan), Polozov announced his intention to live in the United States. Since his arrival in the USA, Polozov has appeared in numerous highly praised performances throughout the country - from Chicago (city of his American operatic debut for the role of Rodolfo La Boheme with Michael Tilson Thomas) to Boston, New York (his Metropolitan Opera debut in January 1987 in the role of Pinkerton opposite Renata Scotto, to California's Palm Springs and Texas - at the San Antonio Festival ("Tosca") with Julius Rudel, which received highest public and press acclaim. He also appeared in the Metropolitan Opera summer season in parks for the role of Rodolfo and a concert and recording in Washington D.C. (Kennedy Center) of Boris Godunov the role of Dimitry, opposite Ruggero Raimondi as Boris, Galina Vishnevskaya as Marina, Nicolai Gedda as the Simplenton and Paul Plishka as Pimen under the baton of Mstislav Rostropovich. The new 1987/88 season started for Polozov with a great success when he appeared in the role of Calaf in Puccini's Turandot in New York City Opera, and the very same week repeated this role in Munich's Bayerische Staatsoper with Giuseppe Patane. During the 1988/89 season, he performed in San Francisco Opera in the role of Enzo in La Gioconda opposite Eva Marton and in the role of Cavaradossi in Puccini's Tosca at the Canadian Opera Company. Soon he was engaged to perform in Paris, Hamburg, Barcelona, Rome, Lyon, Houston, Miami, Los Angeles, Santiago, Tokyo, and other world opera houses. He sang almost every major tenor roles of the Russian, Italian, German and French repertory and evenly produced voice, brilliant upper register, and stylish singing, are shown to best effect.
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"text": "In 1978, he became the leading tenor of the Saratov Aca... |
California State Route 73 | [
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... | p_2805 | State Route 73 begins in northern San Juan Capistrano near the Mission Viejo border at an interchange with Interstate 5. The freeway heads northwest into the city of Laguna Niguel before the tolled portion begins at the Greenfield Drive exit. After passing Greenfield Drive, SR 73 enters into the city of Aliso Viejo before entering Laguna Beach, where SR 73 has an interchange with SR 133. Following this, the road passes through Crystal Cove State Park, where the main toll plazas are located. After leaving the state park, SR 73 straddles the border between Irvine and Newport Beach and provides easy access to University of California, Irvine through the Bison Avenue exit. Following the MacArthur Boulevard exit, the tolled part of the road ends and becomes a freeway. SR 73 continues into Newport Beach, running along the southern boundary of Orange County John Wayne Airport (IATA Airport Code SNA). Entering Costa Mesa, SR 73 interchanges with SR 55 before ending at I-405.
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... |
SS S.C. Baldwin | [
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"target": "Kewaunee, Wisconsin"
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"target": "Alpena, Michigan"
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"target... | p_2806 | In March of 1873 the Baldwin had a second deck added in Chicago, Illinois, this increased her gross tonnage to 634 tons, and is believed to have made her the first double decked steamer on the lakes. On April 30, 1876 she went ashore at North Point Reef on Lake Huron. On June 18, 1876 the Baldwin collided with the schooner Ellen Spry off Kewaunee, Wisconsin. At an unknown date in 1877, she went ashore near Alpena, Michigan, and was repaired afterwards in Detroit, Michigan. In 1879 the Baldwin was sold to the Inter Ocean Transportation Company of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. In April, 1882 she was sold to David Whitney Jr. of Detroit, Michigan, and her second deck was removed in order to refit her for the lumber trade. after the refit, the Baldwin gross tonnage was reevaluated to 412.5 tons. In 1884 it was reported that she was damaged near Ashland, Wisconsin. Following engine failure, and a storm near Port Colborne, Ontario. she was rebuilt with steel arches, and her original engine was replaced with a 450-horsepower Steeple compound engine that had a cylinder with a 37 x 32 inch bore and a stroke measuring 21 inches. On September, 1886 the Baldwin went aground in Lake George in the St. Marys River with the freighter R.J. Hackett; both of them were released by the tug Mystic. In 1891 she was sold to the Whitney Transportation Company of Hamtramck, Michigan. In 1892 the Baldwin was sold to S.R. MacLaren of Toledo, Ohio. On November 5, 1894 the Baldwin collided with the steamer Iron King off Marine City, Michigan, and sank in of water.
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... |
Ieremia Cecan | [
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"target": "Chernivtsi Oblast"
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"target": "Uk... | p_2807 | Cecan was born among the Romanians of Novoselitsa (Noua Suliță or Novoselytsia) or Beleuța village, Hotin County. Both were located in the northern tip of the Bessarabia Governorate, Russia (now in Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine). His native area had been split from ancient Moldavia; Western Moldavia remained in Romania, whereas the Moldavian sub-region of Bukovina, just west of Novoselitsa, was administered by Austria-Hungary. Ieremia Teodor's original surname was Ciocan ("hammer"), which was approximated into Russian as Chekan, then mutated back into Romanian as Cecan. He went on to study in Kishinev (Chișinău), training at the Theological Seminary (in 1889) and then being assigned the central Bessarabian parish of Nișcani. Later on, he furthered his studies in theology at Kiev Academy. He became a passionate reader and follower of Vladimir Solovyov, as well as a speaker for the reunification of Orthodoxy and Catholicism. In his later articles on the subject, Cecan favored leniency toward the use of Filioque in the Nicene Creed and accepted the doctrine of papal infallibility.
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"text": "Cecan was born among the Romanians of Novoselitsa (Noua Suli... |
Geoff Millar | [
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"target": "Perth"
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"target": "A... | p_2808 | Geoffrey Alan Millar (born 22 November 1955) is a former Australian cricketer who played several matches for Western Australia during the early 1980s. From Perth, Millar played at colts level during the late 1970s, generally as an all-rounder. He made his Sheffield Shield debut for Western Australia during the 1981–82 competition, and failed to take a wicket in what was to be his only first-class match. In the match, against Queensland at the WACA Ground in February 1982, he was part of a pace attack that included David Boyd (who he opened the bowling with in the first innings), Mick Malone, and Ken MacLeay. Millar also appeared at List A level several times for Western Australia. In his first match, the third-place playoff of the 1981–82 McDonald's Cup, he took 2/17 and scored 30 runs, and was thus named man of the match. His two further matches both occurred in the following year's tournament. At grade cricket level, Millar played 177 matches for the Mount Lawley District Cricket Club.
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"text": "In the match, against Queensland at the WACA Ground in Fe... |
Henry L. Haskell | [
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"target": "Bovine serum albumin"
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"target": "Wood veneer"
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"target": "Plywoo... | p_2809 | Haskell invented a formula for a waterproof glue in 1913. The glue was made from blood-album. From this glue he made a material of "plies" of crossed grain layers of wood, that is known today as plywood. Haskell named this composite material after himself with the brand name Haskelite. He worked out the mechanics of being able to mold and shape this plywood into three dimensions. From this plywood he made a canoe that was molded from one piece of plywood. The canoe plywood was shaped by hydraulic presses as an innovation devised by Haskell. The unusually designed canoe of no skeleton framework or ribs was given the brand name Arex ("king of the water") and made out of the Haskell Manufacturing Company building on N. Rowe Street in Ludington, Michigan. It later became better known just as the Haskell canoe. Haskell formed the Haskell Manufacturing Company in 1916 to make boats and canoes. He incorporated it with $100,000 in 1917. The Haskell Boat Company made 600 Haskell canoes in the first year.
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Moritz Moszkowski | [
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"target": "Pilica, Silesia... | p_2810 | He was born in Breslau, Prussia (now the Polish city of Wrocław), into a wealthy Polish-Jewish family whose parents had come to Breslau from Pilica, near Zawiercie, in 1854. He was an ardent Jew at a time when many Jews downplayed their Jewishness. He showed early talent from a very tender age, beginning his musical training at home until 1865, when his family moved to Dresden. There he continued his piano studies at the conservatory. He moved to Berlin in 1869 to continue his studies first at the Julius Stern's Conservatory, where he studied piano with Eduard Franck and composition with Friedrich Kiel, and then at Theodor Kullak's Neue Akademie der Tonkunst, where he studied composition with Richard Wüerst and orchestration with Heinrich Dorn. There he became close friends with the Scharwenka brothers, Xaver and Philipp. In 1871 he accepted Kullak's offer to become a teacher in his academy; as he was also a more than competent violinist, he sometimes played first violin in the orchestra.
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... |
Development of Mother 3 | [
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"target": "Shigeru Miyamoto"
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... | p_2811 | Mother 3 was originally developed for the Super Famicom (Super Nintendo Entertainment System) beginning in 1994. Shigeru Miyamoto, head of Nintendo Entertainment Analysis & Development and Mother 3 producer, said that Mother 3 was "a commercial decision", since Mother 2 (EarthBound outside Japan) had sold well. By this point, Mother series creator Shigesato Itoi had worked on the series' earlier games and Itoi Shigesato no Bass Tsuri No. 1 and was experienced at pitching video games, so Miyamoto provided a team willingly. The Mother 2 development team carried over to the new game's development, though several people left and the team grew in size. They forewent the usual prototyping phase and went straight into development expecting to create something unprecedented. Itoi said he wanted to make the game like a Hollywood film. In September 1994, he predicted that Mother 3 development would end around 1996 with a release on Nintendo's then-upcoming console. The team was inspired by Super Mario 64 and felt that they too could creatively flourish by making a 3D world without restrictions. Their early technical specifications exceeded the capabilities and memory limits of the platform. About halfway through development, the team attempted to scale back its large scope and changed its development platform to the 64DD, a Nintendo 64 expansion peripheral. At E3 in June 1997, Miyamoto speculated that Mother 3 would be one of the four titles for the then-expected 1998 launch of the Japan-only peripheral, but the game was instead converted to a Nintendo 64 cartridge-only format upon the commercial failure of the repeatedly delayed 64DD.
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Fort Lauderdale Strikers (1988–1994) | [
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... | p_2812 | In October 1987, the American Soccer League announced that it had awarded a franchise to Joe Robbie which would be located in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Robbie, who owned the Minnesota Strikers of the Major Indoor Soccer League announced his intentions of resurrecting the name Fort Lauderdale Strikers and hired Wim Suurbier to coach the team. The team played their home games in Lockhart Stadium. In their first season, the Strikers stormed the ASL, finishing with a 14-6 record, best in the league, before falling to the Washington Diplomats in the finals. In 1988, Robbie later sold his share in the team to Noel Lemon. In January 1989, Suurbier resigned as coach to be replaced by Thomas Rongen. In their second season the Strikers did almost as well, finishing the season at 12-8. They went on to defeat the Boston Bolts for the 1989 championship. This qualified them for the 1989 National Pro Soccer Championship, the first American national outdoor soccer championship since the collapse of the North American Soccer League in 1984. On September 9, 1989, the Strikers defeated the San Diego Nomads of the Western Soccer League, 3–1, to win the title. Following that game, the ASL merged with the WSL to form the American Professional Soccer League. They played five more years in that league. For the 1990 season seven home games were played at Pompano Beach Municipal Stadium and five at the Royal Palm Polo Club in Boca Raton, after the Broward School Board denied the team access to Lockhart Stadium. In January 1991, the Strikers merged with the Orlando Lions. The combined team retained the Strikers name, uniforms and staff. Soon after Lemons sold the team to Bryan Lockwood.
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"text": "In October 1987, the American Soccer League announced th... |
Derek Jacobi | [
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"target": "Edinburgh Festival Fringe"
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"target": "Unive... | p_2813 | While in the sixth form, he starred in a production of Hamlet, which was taken to the Edinburgh Festival Fringe and very well regarded. At 18 he won a scholarship to the University of Cambridge, where he read history at St John's College and earned his degree. Younger members of the university at the time included Ian McKellen (who had a crush on him—"a passion that was undeclared and unrequited", as McKellen relates it) and Trevor Nunn. During his studies at Cambridge, Jacobi played many parts including Hamlet, which was taken on a tour to Switzerland, where he met Richard Burton. As a result of his performance of Edward II at Cambridge, Jacobi was invited to become a member of the Birmingham Repertory Theatre immediately upon his graduation in 1960.
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"text": "As a result of his performance of Edward II at Cambridge,... |
Ray King (entrepreneur) | [
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"target": "Grand Central Terminal"
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"ta... | p_2814 | Raymond "Ray" King (born 1964) is an American entrepreneur and co-founder of multiple companies including AboutUs.org and Top Level Design. He began his career by creating The Computer Workshop with a group of friends which offered computing classes at Grand Central Terminal in Manhattan. This venture earned him $60,000, enough to cover tuition at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) for one year. King studied computer science there until he left in 1984 to start Semaphore Inc. which sold accounting and project management software, that he had begun developing in college, to architecture and engineering firms. He founded SnapNames, which specialized in "snapping up" expired domain names, in 2000 after relocating to Portland, Oregon. King left the company in 2005 and founded the wiki Internet domain directory AboutUs.org in 2006. He served as chief executive officer until stepping down in 2013. In 2012, he and his brother-in-law founded the registry Top Level Design, which manages the new top-level domains .design, .ink, and .wiki. King and his wife have one daughter and reside in the Portland metropolitan area.
| [
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"text": "Raymond \"Ray\" King (born 1964) is an American entrepre... |
Eduardo Mondlane | [
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"indices": [
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"target": "Bantu languages"
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"target": "Tsonga people"
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{
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"target": "Manjacaze"
}... | p_2815 | The fourth of 16 sons of a tribal chief of the Bantu-speaking Tsonga, Mondlane was born in "N'wajahani", district of Mandlakazi in the province of Gaza," in Portuguese East Africa (Mozambique) in 1920. He worked as a shepherd until the age of 12. He attended several different primary schools before enrolling in a Swiss–Presbyterian school near Manjacaze. However, he ended his secondary education in the same organisation's church school at Lemana College at Village above Elim Hospital in the Transvaal (Limpopo Province), South Africa. He then spent one year at the Jan H. Hofmeyr School of Social Work before enrolling in Witwatersrand University in Johannesburg but was expelled from South Africa after only a year, in 1949, following the rise of the Apartheid government. In June 1950 Mondlane entered the University of Lisbon, at Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. By Mondlane's request, he was transferred to the United States, where he entered Oberlin College in Ohio at the age of 31, under a Phelps Stokes scholarship. Mondlane enrolled at Oberlin College in Oberlin, Ohio, in 1951, starting as a junior, and in 1953 he obtained a degree in anthropology and sociology. He continued his studies at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois. Mondlane earned an MA and a PhD from Northwestern University and married Janet Rae Johnson, a white American woman from Indiana who then lived in the Chicago suburbs.
| [
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... |
HMS E11 | [
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"indices": [
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"target": "Suvla"
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239,
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"target": "Pre-dreadnought battleship"
},
{
"indices": [
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"target"... | p_2816 | E11 was on her second tour when, on 6 August it successfully torpedoed the Turkish torpedo cruiser , causing serious damage. Two days later 8 August 1915 as a new British landing was underway at Suvla, E11 torpedoed the antiquated Turkish pre-dreadnought battleship off Bulair at the northern entrance to the Dardanelles. The ship sank with the loss of 21 officers and 237 men. Barbaros Hayreddin was one of two Ottoman battleships sunk during the campaign. Visiting Constantinople again, E11 sank a Black Sea collier Isfahan as it was preparing to unload — a significant blow as coal was the main fuel source and supplies were scarce. Moving into the Gulf of Izmir, on the night of 20 August, E11's first officer, Lieutenant Guy D'Oyly-Hughes, swam ashore and blew up a section of the Constantinople–Baghdad railway line, a feat for which he was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom). Navigating Officer Lieutenant Robert Brown was also awarded the Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom). A reservist from the Merchant Navy, Brown had famously been born rounding the Cape Horn on the clipper John Gambles, the sister ship to the more famous Cutty Sark.
| [
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"indice... |
Lydia Zimmermann | [
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... | p_2817 | Lydia Zimmermann is the daughter of two Swiss parents, , a graphic designer, and Bignia Silvia Zimmermann-Kuoni, an anthropologist and textile designer. Her parents met in the United States and moved to Spain. She has also lived in Australia, Canada, Haiti, Switzerland, and the United States. As of 2012, Zimmermann was working on a script of a film that was scheduled to begin shooting in Canada in 2012. Her partner is Isaac Pierre Marcel Racine, also a filmmaker, on whose 1998 film Remedios de Cuba: Scuba Drive she served as editor and on whose 2014 short film Troya she served as executive producer and director's advisor. Her son, , is a filmmaker as well, and she acted in, together with Racine, and produced his 2007 short film Forse Domani. In addition, she teaches at the European Film Actor School, at the Pompeu Fabra University Communication Department as an Associate Professor offering directing and screenwriting courses and presenting the works during conferences held at the , as well as at the Ciné Institute in Jacmel, Haiti. She is one of the founders of the Zürich-based film production company Artisan Films GmbH and the Barcelona-based fashion design and communications equipment leasing company Zimmermann Asociados and sits on the board of the Ramuni Paniker Trust, a Barcelona-based group which aims to provide financial support to talented yet underresourced young people in Kerala, India, the Zürich-based real estate company Gebrüder Kuoni, and the Barcelona-based stool design company TWISTAB, founded by Racine. She has studied under Jonathan Demme, Lindsay Kemp, and , directed Sergi Belbel's and a stage adaptation of 's film The Strategy of the Snail for the theatre group Comicastros, and is currently working on her M.A. at Zurich University of the Arts.
| [
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90th Infantry Division (United States) | [
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"target": "Rhine"
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"target": "Werra"
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{
"... | p_2818 | After a short rest, the 90th continued across the Moselle River to take Mainz, 22 March, and crossed the rivers Rhine, the Main, and the Werra in rapid succession. Pursuit continued to the Czech border, 18 April 1945, and into the Sudetes mountain range. The division was en route to Prague when they came upon the remaining 1500 emaciated prisoners left behind by the SS at Flossenbürg concentration camp. Today, a memorial wall at the former camp honors the 90th as the liberators of Flossenbürg concentration camp. A week later, word came that the war in Europe ended on 8 May 1945. On that same day, Erich Hartmann, the highest-scoring fighter ace in history, along with a squadron of the elite Jagdgeschwader 52 fighter wing (the highest-scoring fighter wing in history), surrendered to the 90th.
| [
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"text": "Erich Hartmann, the highest-scoring fighter ace"
... |
Jason C. Miller | [
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},
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"target": "Hellsing"
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"ta... | p_2819 | As a voice actor, Miller has appeared in over 100 animated productions and video games. Some of his credits include work on World of Warcraft, Wonder Woman, , Hellsing, Read or Die and the Nickelodeon produced . His film credits include , the 2008 remake of Day of the Dead and the Sci Fi Channel's Battle Planet. He worked on a cover album from the fighting game series Guilty Gear, titled Guilty Gear XX in N.Y. Vocal Edition, where he supplied vocals over the instrumentals to create a full vocal album. In 2011, he lent his vocals to another cover album, this time for , the successive fighting game series to Guilty Gear, titles BlazBlue in L.A. Vocal Edition. He provided the voice of Robert Kendo in Capcom's video game for the Wii. In 2011, he appeared in an episode of the web series The Guild. His voice can be heard in the digital collectible card game by Blizzard Entertainment, Hearthstone. Since 2017, he is part of the duo The Deadly Grind. In 2019, Miller provided the vocals for the song "Shadowbringers", the theme song for Final Fantasy XIV's third expansion of the same name.
| [
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"text": "His voice can be heard in the digital collectible card ga... |
European route E79 | [
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},
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35,
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"target": "Hemus motorway"
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"target": "Sofia Ring Road"
},
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"target": "Europe moto... | p_2820 | From Botevgrad to Sofia, E79 joins Hemus motorway, designated A2. At the Bulgarian capital Sofia you have to enter the Ring Road, until Sofia Northern Bypass motorway is built. Signage is available. From Sofia to south there are of motorways (A6 Lyulin motorway and A3 Struma motorway) to Dupnitsa-north interchange. The Bulgarian Traffic law allows speeds up to on motorways unless otherwise stated. The road is leading from Dolna Dikanya to south, right to the Kulata-Promachonas. All the way to the Border Check point the road is of the standard 2-lane tarmac except for the section from the Pernik Province-Blagoevgrad Province border and the southern entrance to the city of Blagoevgrad where the road is of highway type and is long. The section between Dupnitsa and Blagoevgrad, 37 km long, has been upgraded to a motorway standard and opened to traffic 2015. Also the last of these sections - lot 4 from Sandanski-south to the Greek border of 13 km opened to traffic in August 2015. The stretch between Blagoevgrad and Sandanski - lot 3 - passes through the Kresna Gorge and is planned to feature a tunnel, which will be the longest motorway tunnel in Eastern Europe, whose construction will begin in 2015 and will cost app. EUR 650 mln.
| [
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... |
Matthew Whitaker | [
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},
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"target": "Tight end"
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"target": "Iowa Hawkeyes football"
},
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"target"... | p_2821 | While attending the University of Iowa, Whitaker played tight end for the University of Iowa Hawkeyes football team, under coach Hayden Fry, appearing in the starting lineup for Iowa's Rose Bowl game in 1991. In 2002, Whitaker was the candidate of the Republican Party for Treasurer of Iowa. From 2004 to 2009, he served as the United States Attorney for the Southern District of Iowa, where he was known for aggressively prosecuting drug traffickers. Whitaker ran in the 2014 Iowa Republican primary for the United States Senate. He later wrote opinion pieces and appeared on talk-radio shows and cable news as the executive director of the Foundation for Accountability and Civic Trust (FACT), a conservative advocacy group.
| [
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"text": "In 2002, Whitaker was the candidate of the Republican Par... |
Oliver FitzWilliam, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell | [
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"target": "Henrietta Maria of France"
},
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"target": ... | p_2822 | He was both a Catholic and a royalist, and enjoyed the confidence of Queen Henrietta Maria, who recommended him to Charles I as "a man deserving of every encouragement." In 1645 he tried to get the Confederation of Kilkenny to support King Charles I in the English Civil War on the grounds that their demands for full civic rights to be restored to Roman Catholics would be met. He fought with the Confederates against the Parliamentarians in 1645–6, and led a successful assault on Roscommon Castle in 1646. In 1649 he was imprisoned in London but soon released. After some time in France he was allowed to return to England through the pleas of his brother-in-law John Holles, 2nd Earl of Clare. He is said to have been one of the few Irishmen whom Oliver Cromwell admired, and was also on good terms with Oliver's son Henry Cromwell, although Henry refused his request to be allowed to recover possession of his principal residence, Merrion Castle. During the Commonwealth he seems to have played a careful double game- his second marriage into the Holles family put him in the Parliamentarian camp, but he was also suspected of working for the Restoration of Charles II.
| [
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Percy Feltham | [
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"target": "Melbourne High School"
},
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"target": "University of Melbourne"
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{
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"... | p_2823 | He was born in Melbourne to factory storeman Charles Edward Feltham and Annie Clarke, and was orphaned by the age of fourteen. He attended Melbourne High School and the University of Melbourne, where he received a Master of Law. He became a solicitor in Shepparton. On 16 November 1929 he married Sylvia Josephine Box, with whom he had two children. During World War II he served first in the AIF and then in the Royal Australian Air Force, in which he rose to the rank of wing commander and was attached to the staff of General Douglas MacArthur. He was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire in 1943. After the war he returned to his law practice, and also farmed at Wyuna. In 1955 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Council as a Country Party member for Northern Province. In 1965 he left the Country Party after falling out with leader George Moss over the presidency of the Council, and became an independent. He was defeated in 1967. Feltham died in 1986.
| [
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"text": "He was born in Melbourne to factory storeman Charles Edwa... |
Jeffrey F. Hamburger | [
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"target": "Religious art"
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{
"indices": [
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"target": "Harvard University"
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{
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"target": "Kuno Francke"
},
{
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"target": ... | p_2824 | Jeffrey F. Hamburger (born 1957) is an American art historian specializing in medieval religious art and illuminated manuscripts. In 2000 he joined the faculty of Harvard University, where in 2008 he was appointed the Kuno Francke Professor of German Art and Culture. Hamburger received his B.A., M.A and Ph.D from Yale and has previously held professorships at Oberlin College and the University of Toronto. Elected a Fellow of the Medieval Academy in 2001, he has won numerous awards for his publications, among them: the Charles Rufus Morey Prize of the College Art Association (1999), the Roland H. Bainton Book Prize in Art & Music (1999), the Otto Gründler Prize of the International Congress on Medieval Studies (1999), the Jacques Barzun Prize in Cultural History of the American Philosophical Society (1998), the John Nicholas Brown Prize of the Medieval Academy of America (1994), and the Gustave O. Arlt Award in the Humanities of the American Council of Graduate Schools (1991). His research has been supported by fellowships from the Guggenheim Foundation, the American Philosophical Society, the Institute for Advanced Study, the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. In 2009 Hamburger was elected a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and in 2010, of the American Philosophical Society. In 2015 he was awarded an Anneliese Maier Research Award by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.
| [
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"context": [
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"indices": [
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],
"passage": "main",
"text": "where in 2008 he was appointed the Kuno Francke Prof... |
Innocence + Experience Tour | [
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"target": "High-definition video"
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{
"indices": [
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"target": "Terabyte"
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{
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"target": "Dell E... | p_2825 | The concerts were digitally recorded by 28 HD cameras, both human operated and robotic, collecting about 500 gigabytes of audio/video per hour—roughly a terabyte (TB) per show. To handle their data storage needs, U2 used several products from EMC Corporation, the first time the company had a musical client. To archive uncompressed footage and access it on-demand during the shows' production, the tour staff used an EMC VNXe3200 portable flash storage unit worth about US$25,000. It was configured with 22.9 TB of storage but was expandable up to 450 TB. After each show, tour staff used an EMC Data Domain 2500 system to back up footage. With storage up to 6.6 petabytes and an hourly throughput of 13.4 TB, the Data Domain system could complete a nightly backup before the crew disassembled the stage. On previous tours, U2 relied on USB flash drives for storage. Video imagery was loaded onto the set's video screens with two d3 Technologies d3 4×4 media servers. Due to the need to load video on the fly, all storage was locally networked, as a cloud storage configuration would have increased latency. EMC's solution satisfied certain requirements dictated by the band, such as: mobility through a flight case form factor; expandable storage; and the capability to handle the large data loads from many cameras.
| [
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... |
Nazia and Zoheb | [
{
"indices": [
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"target": "Aap Jaisa Koi"
},
{
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"target": "Cinema of India"
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{
"indices": [
132,
139
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"target": "Qurbani (film)"
},
{
"indices": [
181,
194
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"target": "D... | p_2826 | The duo initially gained prominence with their music single "Aap Jaisa Koi" first featured as a soundtrack for the 1980 Indian film Qurbani. The song was on the group's debut album Disco Deewane released in 1981 produced by Indian producer Biddu. The album was and still is the best selling pop album of South East Asia. The iconic album helped pop music shape as seen today in India, Pakistan and was the first South Asian album that also managed to crossover internationally by becoming a hit in Brazil, Russia, South Africa and Indonesia. The duo released their second album Boom Boom in 1982 which was the soundtrack for the Bollywood movie Star. After two years the band recorded their critically acclaimed album Young Tarang in 1983. It was the first album of the subcontinent pre MTV to feature music videos. Nazia and Zoheb released their fourth hit album, Hotline in 1987, which featured the duo's younger sister, Zahra Hassan. The group released their last studio album Camera Camera in 1992, which was written and produced solely by Zoheb.
| [
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"end": 117,
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"text": " Feroz Khan"
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St. Raphael's Catholic Church (Springfield, Ohio) | [
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"target": "... | p_2827 | St. Raphael's is a high Gothic Revival structure, built of sandstone from Berea. Since construction in the 1890s, it has been one of Springfield's most distinctive buildings, due in large part to its two front towers — the bell tower is high, and the principal tower . By climbing 156 steps to the summit of the principal tower, one gains a panoramic view of the city and surrounding countryside. The building's general plan is that of a streamlined Latin cross, with slight gabled projections near the rear forming the crosspieces. Three entrances pierce the facade, while lancet windows of similar height are placed at varying locations in the towers, and two-story windows fill the side bays. Widest and tallest are the windows placed in the rear-side projections and above the entrances on the facade. Both towers are topped with pointed roofs, surrounded by ornamental pointed roofs of far smaller sizes, while the roof of the main part of the church is a steep gable. Despite extensive Gothic Revival detailing, such as the pointed-arch windows and doorways, the building also retains some elements of the Romanesque Revival style, including the false buttresses and columns around the main entrance, as well as the sheer massing of both towers. By the time that the building was complete, parishioners had spent $75,000 on construction and ancillary costs. The architect for St. Raphael's was Charles A. Cregar, first among architects native to Springfield. Cregar was responsible for numerous grand buildings in Springfield, including City Hall, and St. Raphael's is among the chief examples of his work.
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... |
1992 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection | [
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... | p_2828 | This article lists those who were potential candidates for the Democratic nomination for Vice President of the United States in the 1992 election. Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton won the 1992 Democratic nomination for President of the United States, and chose Tennessee Senator Albert Gore, Jr. as his running mate on July 9, 1992. Clinton considered roughly forty different candidates for vice president, including those who did not hold elective office, but Clinton ultimately chose Gore, a two-term Senator who had previously run for president in 1988. Former Assistant Secretary of State Warren Christopher led Clinton's vice presidential selection team. In making the selection, Clinton emphasized Gore's experience with foreign policy and environmental issues. Clinton's choice of a fellow young southern centrist defied conventional wisdom, but the choice of Gore was well-received, and Gore made an effective surrogate on the campaign trail. The Clinton-Gore ticket ultimately defeated the Republican Bush-Quayle ticket and the independent Perot-Stockdale ticket, and the Clinton-Gore duo became the youngest ticket in history to win a presidential election.
| [
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"start": 165,
"text": "Bill Clinton"
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},... |
2012 Washington Nationals season | [
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"target":... | p_2829 | The Washington Nationals' 2012 season was the eighth season for the baseball franchise of Major League Baseball in the District of Columbia, the fifth season at Nationals Park, and the 44th since the original team was started in Montreal, Quebec. After finishing the previous season in third place with an 80–81 record, out of last place in the NL East for the second time since moving to Washington, the Nationals made several moves to pursue playoff contention in 2012 and beyond. Despite being plagued with injuries, the Nationals had an impressive start to the season, never dropping below the .500 mark and consistently holding first or second place in their division. On September 3, the Nationals won their 82nd game of the season, making this season their first winning season since moving to Washington, D.C. in 2005 and the first for the franchise since 2003. On September 20, the Nationals beat the Los Angeles Dodgers to clinch the franchise's first postseason berth since 1981, and the first for a Washington-based team since the Washington Senators won the American League pennant in 1933. On October 1, the Nationals clinched the National League East division. On October 3, they went on to clinch the best record in Major League Baseball at 98-64. They finished the season with a 98-64 record and played the St. Louis Cardinals in the Divisional Series. On October 12, in Game 5 of the NLDS, they lost to the Cardinals 9-7 and were eliminated.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 319,
"passage": "montreal expos",
"start": 294,
"text": "Following the 2004 season"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
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"context": [
{
... |
Avar March | [
{
"indices": [
61,
76
],
"target": "Pannonian Basin"
},
{
"indices": [
81,
91
],
"target": "Carantania"
},
{
"indices": [
105,
112
],
"target": "Francia"
},
{
"indices": [
146,
160
],
"target": "Pannonian Ava... | p_2830 | Since about 560, the Avars had ruled over large parts of the Pannonian Basin and Carantania southeast of Francia, though in the last decades, the Avar Khaganate had to deal with Bulgarian and Croat incursions. To secure the frontier of his empire and the traffic on the trade routes to the east, Charlemagne allied with Khan Krum of Bulgaria and the Croatian duke Vojnomir, and from 791 launched several campaigns against the Avars, where he, according to the Vita Karoli Magni, encountered only modest opposition. In 796 Carolingian forces under Charlemagne's son Pepin of Italy destroyed the main Avar fortress called the Ring of the Avars and made the Khagan a Frankish vassal, while the remaining Avars retreated behind the Tisza River. The victory is perpetuated by the poem De Pippini regis Victoria Avarica.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 1217,
"passage": "pannonian basin",
"start": 1210,
"text": "Hungary"
},
{
"end": 1266,
"passage": "pannonian basin",
"start": 1257,
"text": "Slovakia "
}... |
Joe Kinnear | [
{
"indices": [
94,
114
],
"target": "Director of football"
},
{
"indices": [
142,
151
],
"target": "Talksport"
},
{
"indices": [
247,
260
],
"target": "Derek Llambias"
},
{
"indices": [
311,
326
],
"target": ... | p_2831 | On 16 June 2013, in a series of telephone interviews Kinnear claimed he had been appointed as director of football for Newcastle United. In a Talksport interview over the telephone on 17 June 2013, Kinnear claimed to have replaced someone called "Derek Lambesi" (sic) as the club's director of football, signed Dean Holdsworth at Wimbledon for £50,000 (actually £650,000), sold Robbie Earle (retired a year after Kinnear left), signed goalkeeper Tim Krul when he was previously manager (actually signed by Graeme Souness three years prior) and has been awarded the LMA Manager of the Year award three times despite only winning the award once, he also said he'd never been sacked in his life. Kinnear claimed to have signed John Hartson on a free when he in fact paid £7.5 million for the striker. He also mispronounced the names of Yohan Cabaye, Hatem Ben Arfa, Shola Ameobi and others in the Talksport interview. The appointment, a three-year contract, was confirmed by Newcastle United on 18 June. The confusion around Kinnear's appointment to the role was criticised by former club chairman Freddy Shepherd in an interview with BBC Sport. Kinnear drew criticism when the 2013 summer transfer window closed with Kinnear failing to make a single permanent signing, lone recruit Loïc Rémy having been signed on loan from Queens Park Rangers. This criticism intensified at the end of the 2014 winter transfer window with Kinnear failing again to make a permanent signing, this after the £20 million sale of midfielder Yohan Cabaye, with Luuk de Jong having been brought in on loan from Borussia Mönchengladbach.
| [
{
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
136
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "On 16 June 2013, in a series of telephone interviews Kinnea... |
Tip O'Neill Award | [
{
"indices": [
0,
12
],
"target": "Larry Walker"
},
{
"indices": [
14,
23
],
"target": "Jason Bay"
},
{
"indices": [
25,
35
],
"target": "Joey Votto"
},
{
"indices": [
41,
55
],
"target": "Justin Morneau"
}... | p_2832 | Larry Walker, Jason Bay, Joey Votto, and Justin Morneau are the only players to win the Tip O'Neill Award at least three times. Walker has won the award nine times, and Votto has won it seven times. Three winners—Walker, Terry Puhl, and Rob Ducey—are members of the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame. The award has been presented to one amateur player, Daniel Brabant. Walker, Votto, and Justin Morneau won the MLB Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award alongside the Tip O'Neill Award; the trio are the only Canadians to win the MLB MVP Award. Éric Gagné, the 2002 and 2003 recipient, compiled a major league record of 84 consecutive save opportunities converted from 2002 to 2004 and won the Cy Young Award in 2003. He and John Axford went on to win the Rolaids Relief Man Award in the same year as the Tip O'Neill Award. Bay became the first Canadian to win the Rookie of the Year Award, which he won the same year he won his first Tip O'Neill Award. Votto is the only award winner to also win the Hank Aaron Award.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 2108,
"passage": "rob ducey",
"start": 2104,
"text": "2013"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Merrill Creek (Ontario) | [
{
"indices": [
43,
62
],
"target": "Addington Highlands"
},
{
"indices": [
150,
160
],
"target": "Todd Lakes (Lennox and Addington County)"
},
{
"indices": [
171,
183
],
"target": "Merrill Lake (Merrill Creek)"
},
{
"indices": [... | p_2833 | Merrill Creek begins at an unnamed lake in Addington Highlands, Lennox and Addington County at an elevation of and flows east and then south, through Todd Lakes, to reach Merrill Lake at an elevation of . It heads south into Little Merrill Lake, then southwest to Whitefish Lake. Leaving the lake, the creek passes into the Cashel portion of Tudor and Cashel, Hastings County, then Tweed, Hastings County, and flows southwest to reach its mouth at Partridge Creek at an elevation of . Partridge Creek flows via the Skootamatta River and Moira River to the Bay of Quinte on Lake Ontario at Belleville.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
202
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Merrill Creek begins at an unnamed lake in Addington Highla... |
Kingsley Association (Pittsburgh, PA) | [
{
"indices": [
147,
158
],
"target": "Jane Addams"
},
{
"indices": [
173,
183
],
"target": "Hull House"
},
{
"indices": [
187,
194
],
"target": "Chicago"
},
{
"indices": [
244,
250
],
"target": "Nation"
},
... | p_2834 | The purpose for the creation of the Kingsley House was not much different from that of any other settlement house. Hodges had simply repeated what Jane Addams had done with Hull House in Chicago and what many other settlement houses across the nation had done to benefit the communities they were located in. The real purpose of the Kingsley House and these other settlement houses was to provide social and educational opportunities for working class families that otherwise would not be able to afford it. Hodges, himself, described the Kingsley House as existing “for the purpose of being a friend to everybody in the neighborhood who needs a friend.” He was referring to the Kingsley House existing just as a friend does, as a source of enjoyment and support in times of need. One example was the kindergarten, where young children whose families could probably not afford formal schooling could find a good education for their children. The school also served as a place for children to meet and socialize with other children of the same age.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 106,
"passage": "hull house",
"start": 102,
"text": "1889"
}
],
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
12th Reconnaissance Squadron | [
{
"indices": [
103,
121
],
"target": "Franklin D. Roosevelt"
},
{
"indices": [
279,
293
],
"target": "Salt Lake City"
},
{
"indices": [
303,
310
],
"target": "Oakland, California"
},
{
"indices": [
328,
340
],
... | p_2835 | In 1934, the 12th took part when the Army was given responsibility for flying the mail after President Franklin Roosevelt cancelled all civilian contracts because of alleged rate-fixing by the airlines. 12th pilots were assigned to the difficult and dangerous CAA Route 18, from Salt Lake City, Utah to Oakland, California, via Elko, Nevada, and Sacramento, California. The aircraft they flew were primarily Douglas Y1B-7 bombers. On 1 June 1937, the 12th Observation Squadron left Texas to operate with the 7th Cavalry Brigade, the mechanized forerunner of the First Armored Division, at Fort Knox, Kentucky. While stationed at Fort Knox, the squadron participated in field maneuvers with the mechanized cavalry near Fort Oglethorpe, Georgia, and at Fort Riley, Kansas, in 1938; in the First Army maneuvers at Plattsburg, New York in 1939; and in the Third Army maneuvers in Louisiana in 1940. In the summer of 1940, the squadron was the first to be attached to an armored division – the First – and on 2 December, a base detachment was formed at For. Knox to manage Goodman Field, a new and modern airfield still under construction. Captain Robert M. Lee, commanding officer of the 12th, was also detachment commander. Along with the First Armored Division, the 12th Squadron played an active role in the Carolina and Louisiana Maneuvers from July to December 1941. After those maneuvers, the 12th returned to the recently completed Godman Field, where the unit supplied a cadre to organize the Headquarters Squadron of the 73d Observation Group.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 269,
"passage": "sacramento, california",
"start": 259,
"text": "Sacramento"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indi... |
Celebrate (Whitney Houston and Jordin Sparks song) | [
{
"indices": [
40,
48
],
"target": "R. Kelly"
},
{
"indices": [
75,
90
],
"target": "Whitney Houston"
},
{
"indices": [
134,
137
],
"target": "Rhythm and blues"
},
{
"indices": [
138,
141
],
"target": "Pop mu... | p_2836 | "Celebrate" was written and produced by R. Kelly and is the last song that Whitney Houston recorded; it is a duet between Houston and R&B/pop singer Jordin Sparks. It was released as the lead single from the soundtrack album on June 5, 2012. It was officially released on June 5, 2012 for digital download on iTunes and Amazon. The song made its US radio premiere on On Air with Ryan Seacrest on May 21, 2012. For the week June 16, 2012, "Celebrate" debuted at number 34 on the US Adult R&B Airplay chart, having amassed 45 spins for that week ending. During that same week, "Celebrate" also debuted at number 84 on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, and has since peaked at number 80. The music video for "Celebrate" was filmed on May 30, 2012. The video was shot over two days and a preview premiered on Entertainment Tonight on June 4, 2012. The music video made its world premiere on BET's 106 & Park on June 27, 2012.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"answer_value": "no",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
164,
242
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "It was released as the lead single from the soundtrack ... |
Hands on Me (Vanessa Carlton song) | [
{
"indices": [
27,
42
],
"target": "Vanessa Carlton"
},
{
"indices": [
116,
122
],
"target": "Single (music)"
},
{
"indices": [
189,
211
],
"target": "Contemporary hit radio"
},
{
"indices": [
219,
232
],
"ta... | p_2837 | "Hands on Me" is a song on Vanessa Carlton's third studio album, Heroes & Thieves (2007), and is the album's second single. According to the website FMQB.com, it was released to mainstream contemporary hit radio in the United States on February 19, 2008 (see 2008 in music). It was mentioned as a possible choice for the second single in a June 2007 article in Entertainment Weekly, which wrote that it "sounded tailor-made for a rom-com trailer coming soon to a theater near you." Irv Gotti, the head of Carlton's label, The Inc. Records, was quoted as saying that the song reminded him of the 1985 film The Breakfast Club.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "27",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
88
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "\"Hands on Me\" is a song on Vanessa Carlton's third stu... |
Don Wilson (baseball) | [
{
"indices": [
25,
31
],
"target": "No-hitter"
},
{
"indices": [
36,
50
],
"target": "Atlanta Braves"
},
{
"indices": [
62,
71
],
"target": "Astrodome"
},
{
"indices": [
146,
161
],
"target": "Artificial turf... | p_2838 | On June 18, 1967, Wilson no-hit the Atlanta Braves 2–0 at the Astrodome. The no-hitter was the first ever pitched either in a domed stadium or on artificial turf. Along the way, he struck out 15 batters, including Hank Aaron for the final out.(Audio) In the second game of a doubleheader against the Cincinnati Reds at Crosley Field on July 14, 1968, Wilson set the Astros club record for single-game strikeouts with 18. On May 1, 1969, the day after the Reds' Jim Maloney no-hit the Astros 10–0 at Crosley Field for his second career no-hitter, Wilson returned the favor and no-hit the Reds 4–0 for his second career no-hitter. (Audio) The back-to-back no-hit feat was only the second in MLB history, the first having been accomplished in September of just the year before by Gaylord Perry and Ray Washburn. This second no-hitter was vengeance for Wilson: in his previous start against the Reds nine days earlier, he had given up seven runs in five innings and was the losing pitcher in the Reds' 14–0 drubbing of the Astros at the Astrodome. That year, the Astros finished .500 (81-81) for the first time in club history, and Wilson struck out 235 batters (his career best) in 225 innings in fashioning a 16–12 record. That season, the Astros set what was then a big-league record for strikeouts in a season by a pitching staff. Two other Houston starters, Larry Dierker and Tom Griffin, also struck out at least 200 batters that season, with Dierker's 232 in 305 innings leading the way. The 1971 season saw Wilson make the National League All-Star Team as well as earn Astros MVP honors. Wilson's last game was a two-hit, 5–0 shutout against the Atlanta Braves on September 28, 1974.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"answer_value": "no",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
204,
318
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "including Hank Aaron for the final out.(Audio) In the s... |
Somery | [
{
"indices": [
8,
19
],
"target": "SST Records"
},
{
"indices": [
66,
86
],
"target": "New Alliance Records"
},
{
"indices": [
115,
118
],
"target": "All (Descendents album)"
},
{
"indices": [
241,
254
],
"ta... | p_2839 | In 1987 SST Records had purchased the Descendents' previous label New Alliance Records, releasing their 1987 album All and re-releasing all of their previous material. Following the Descendents' final tours in spring and summer 1987, singer Milo Aukerman had left the band to pursue a career in biochemistry. The remaining members—bassist Karl Alvarez, guitarist Stephen Egerton, and drummer Bill Stevenson—relaunched the band under the name All, releasing three albums on the SST subsidiary Cruz Records between 1988 and 1991 with singers Dave Smalley and Scott Reynolds. SST also released the Descendents live albums Liveage! (1987) and (1989), both recorded during the final two Descendents tours. Somery was released in 1991, compiling tracks from the Descendents' past studio releases. Stevenson created the cover art for the compilation while Egerton did the graphics. The Descendents would later reunite with Aukerman in 1995 to record Everything Sucks.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "6",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
168,
308
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Following the Descendents' final tours in spring and s... |
Junoon (band) | [
{
"indices": [
12,
21
],
"target": "Sufi rock"
},
{
"indices": [
138,
149
],
"target": "EMI Records"
},
{
"indices": [
204,
210
],
"target": "Junoon (Junoon album)"
},
{
"indices": [
274,
281
],
"target": "Ta... | p_2840 | Pioneers of Sufi rock with an original sound, they achieved success during the early 1990s. Its members were signed to major record label EMI Records and afterwards released their self-titled debut album Junoon in 1991. After two years, the band recorded their second album Talaash (1993) with their new bassist Brian O'Connell after Nusrat Hussain left the band. The release of their second album began to create a cult following for the band. In 1996, Junoon released their third album Inquilaab, and it was only then that Junoon developed a nationwide fan following, with blending rock guitars and bluesy vocals with Eastern elements like the use of tablas, raga-inspired melodies, traditional Pakistani folk music, and Eastern-inspired poetry. The following year, the band recorded the critically acclaimed Azadi (1997), being the band's first international record deal, and making it Junoon's debut album in neighbouring India. The band went on to record and release Parvaaz in 1999. The band found renewed success and popularity starting with 2001's Andaz and through 2003's Dewaar and their supporting tours. Junoon celebrated their 25th anniversary by releasing their eighth studio album titled Door in 2016.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
92,
288
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Its members were signed to major record label EMI Records ... |
Uthman Pasha al-Kurji | [
{
"indices": [
50,
54
],
"target": "Hajj"
},
{
"indices": [
103,
119
],
"target": "Ali Bey al-Kabir"
},
{
"indices": [
207,
211
],
"target": "Gaza City"
},
{
"indices": [
314,
327
],
"target": "Darwish Pasha ... | p_2841 | Also in 1764, while Uthman was leading the annual Hajj pilgrimage, he had a violent confrontation with Ali Bey al-Kabir, an influential mamluk from Egypt. When Ali Bey was exiled by the governor of Egypt to Gaza (part of Damascus Eyalet) in 1766, Uthman attempted to drive him out. Uthman managed to have his son, Darwish Pasha, appointed as the governor of Sidon in November 1770 and sometime prior to that, had his other son, Muhammad Pasha, appointed as governor of Tripoli. In 1771, Ali Bey, by now the rebellious governor of Egypt, had dispatched an army under commanders Abu al-Dahab and Ismail Bey to subdue Damascus. Together with Zahir, the combined armies of Egypt and Palestine defeated Uthman's army outside of Damascus and Uthman fled north to the city of Homs. The city fell shortly thereafter, although they did not capture the Citadel of Damascus, which was subsequently besieged. However, Abu al-Dahab suddenly withdrew from the area, citing his fears of violating Islamic principles since seizing an Ottoman province was in effect a direct challenge to the authority of the Ottoman sultan, who held the highest religious honor as the caliph of Islam.
| [
{
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},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
66
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Also in 1764, while Uthman was leading the annual Hajj pilgr... |
John Drew (politician) | [
{
"indices": [
110,
148
],
"target": "Western Australian Legislative Council"
},
{
"indices": [
241,
252
],
"target": "Northampton, Western Australia"
},
{
"indices": [
254,
271
],
"target": "Western Australia"
},
{
"indices": [... | p_2842 | John Michael Drew (17 October 1865 – 17 July 1947) was an Australian politician who served as a member of the Western Australian Legislative Council for 41 years in two separate terms between 1900 and his death in 1947. Born at Wanerenooka, Northampton, Western Australia, Drew established and edited several newspapers circulating in the Geraldton region before entering politics. A strong opponent of federation, he was elected to the Legislative Council in 1900. Nominally independent, Drew aligned himself with the Labor Party, and served in several Labor ministries during the early 1900s, in positions such as Minister for Agriculture, Minister for Lands, and Colonial Secretary. He officially joined the party in 1911, having been admitted to caucus sittings the previous year. During World War I, Drew supported conscription, but this issue, coupled with the ineffectual Scaddan Ministry, led to him losing his seat at the 1918 election. He regained his seat at the 1924 election, and subsequently served as chief secretary of the party, as well as Minister for Education, Health, and the North-West. Drew died of cancer in 1947, and was buried at Karrakatta Cemetery.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "4",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
785,
944
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "During World War I, Drew supported conscription, but t... |
Margaret Guilfoyle | [
{
"indices": [
41,
54
],
"target": "Billy Snedden"
},
{
"indices": [
57,
72
],
"target": "Shadow Ministry of Anthony Albanese"
},
{
"indices": [
109,
118
],
"target": "Department of the Media"
},
{
"indices": [
134,
... | p_2843 | In June 1974, Guilfoyle was appointed to Billy Snedden's shadow ministry as the Coalition's spokesperson for the media. She supported Malcolm Fraser in the March 1975 leadership spill, and when he was successful she was moved to the higher-profile education portfolio. Following the dismissal of the Whitlam Government in November 1975, Guilfoyle was appointed Minister for Education in Fraser's caretaker ministry. This made her the first woman to hold a cabinet-level ministerial portfolio; is the first woman to be appointed to a Cabinet portfolio following her appointment as Minister for Education in the first Fraser government in 1975 she was the second woman appointed to cabinet, after Enid Lyons, and the second to be given a ministerial portfolio, after Annabelle Rankin. In December 1975, following the Coalition's victory at the 1975 election, Guilfoyle was appointed Minister for Social Security in the second Fraser Ministry. Her new portfolio was initially placed outside of cabinet, but she was reinstated in July 1976 after Ivor Greenwood's retirement. According to Fraser, she "contributed significantly to cabinet debates ... she could be totally relied on and she could think for herself – she wasn't a captive to the bureaucracy".
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 54,
"passage": "Margaret Guilfoyle",
"start": 41,
"text": "Billy Snedden"
}
],
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"context": [
{
"indices... |
Alchon Huns | [
{
"indices": [
33,
48
],
"target": "Sasanian Empire"
},
{
"indices": [
52,
61
],
"target": "Shapur II"
},
{
"indices": [
116,
125
],
"target": "Xionites"
},
{
"indices": [
145,
165
],
"target": "Ammianus Marc... | p_2844 | Early confrontations between the Sasanian Empire of Shapur II with the nomadic hordes from Central Asia called the "Chionites" were described by Ammianus Marcellinus: he reports that in 356 CE, Shapur II was taking his winter quarters on his eastern borders, "repelling the hostilities of the bordering tribes" of the Chionites and the Euseni ("Euseni" is usually amended to "Cuseni", meaning the Kushans), finally making a treaty of alliance with the Chionites and the Gelani, "the most warlike and indefatigable of all tribes", in 358 CE. After concluding this alliance, the Chionites (probably of the Kidarites tribe) under their King Grumbates accompanied Shapur II in the war against the Romans, especially at the Siege of Amida in 359 CE. Victories of the Xionites during their campaigns in the Eastern Caspian lands were also witnesses and described by Ammianus Marcellinus.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 221,
"passage": "shapur ii",
"start": 214,
"text": "70-year"
}
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Thanjavur | [
{
"indices": [
48,
55
],
"target": "Ekoji I"
},
{
"indices": [
71,
78
],
"target": "Maratha (caste)"
},
{
"indices": [
96,
113
],
"target": "Adil Shahi dynasty"
},
{
"indices": [
134,
141
],
"target": "Shivaj... | p_2845 | Thanjavur was successfully conquered in 1674 by Ekoji I (1675–84), the Maratha feudatory of the sultan of Bijapur and half-brother of Shivaji (1627/30-80) of the Bhonsle dynasty. Ekoji founded the Thanjavur Maratha kingdom which ruled Thanjavur till 1855. The Marathas exercised their sovereignty over Thanjavur throughout the last quarter of the 17th and the whole of the 18th century. The Maratha rulers patronized Carnatic music. In 1787, Amar Singh, the regent of Thanjavur, deposed the minor Raja, his nephew Serfoji II (1787–93) and captured the throne. Serfoji II was restored in 1799 with the assistance of the British, who induced him to relinquish the administration of the kingdom and left him in charge of Thanjavur fort and surrounding areas. The kingdom was eventually absorbed into British India in 1855 by the Doctrine of Lapse when Shivaji II (1832–55), the last Thanjavur Maratha ruler, died without a legitimate male heir. The British referred to the city as Tanjore in their records. Five years after its annexation, the British replaced Negapatam (modern-day Nagapattinam) with Thanjavur as the seat of the district administration. Under the British, Thanjavur emerged as an important regional centre. The 1871 India census recorded a population of 52,171, making Thanjavur the third largest city in the Madras Presidency. After India's independence, Thanjavur continued as the district headquarters.
| [
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
48,
178
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Ekoji I (1675–84), the Maratha feudatory of the sultan of ... |
Joaquín Rodrigo | [
{
"indices": [
48,
56
],
"target": "Valencia"
},
{
"indices": [
67,
77
],
"target": "Paul Dukas"
},
{
"indices": [
113,
118
],
"target": "Paris"
},
{
"indices": [
186,
196
],
"target": "Musicology"
},
{
... | p_2846 | Rodrigo studied music under Francisco Antich in Valencia and under Paul Dukas at the École Normale de Musique in Paris. After briefly returning to Spain, he went to Paris again to study musicology, first under Maurice Emmanuel and then under André Pirro. His first published compositions date from 1923. In 1943 he received Spain's National Prize for Orchestra for Cinco piezas infantiles ("Five Children's Pieces"), based on his earlier composition of the same piece for two pianos, premiered by Ricardo Viñes. From 1947 Rodrigo was a professor of music history, holding the Manuel de Falla Chair of Music in the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters, at Complutense University of Madrid. Notable students include Yüksel Koptagel, Turkish composer and pianist.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 348,
"passage": "paul dukas",
"start": 302,
"text": "The Sorcerer's Apprentice (L'apprenti sorcier)"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context":... |
Shahid Khaqan Abbasi | [
{
"indices": [
62,
75
],
"target": "Khaqan Abbasi"
},
{
"indices": [
98,
107
],
"target": "President of Pakistan"
},
{
"indices": [
108,
127
],
"target": "Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq"
},
{
"indices": [
184,
204
],
"t... | p_2847 | Abbasi's political career began after the death of his father Khaqan Abbasi in 1988. In May 1988, President Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq sacked the government of his handpicked Prime Minister, Muhammad Khan Junejo, and prematurely dissolved the National Assembly. Consequently, new parliamentary elections were called for 16 November 1988. Abbasi ran for the National Assembly seat from Constituency NA-36 (Rawalpindi-I), which had been held by his father until his death. Abassi was elected with 47,295 votes as an independent candidate. He acquired Rawalpindi's National Assembly seat for the first time at the age of 30 by defeating both Raja Zafar ul Haq, a candidate of Islami Jamhoori Ittehad (IJI), and Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) candidate Raja Muhammad Anwar by a narrow margin. After winning the election he joined the IJI, which was newly founded in September 1988 by then Director-General of Inter-Services Intelligence to counter the PPP. His tenure as a Member of the National Assembly terminated after the National Assembly was dissolved prematurely in August 1990 following the dismissal of the government of Benazir Bhutto by President Ghulam Ishaq Khan.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
75
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Abbasi's political career began after the death of his fathe... |
Culture of Estonia | [
{
"indices": [
15,
22
],
"target": "Estonia"
},
{
"indices": [
85,
91
],
"target": "Finnic languages"
},
{
"indices": [
110,
118
],
"target": "Estonian language"
},
{
"indices": [
125,
131
],
"target": "Nordi... | p_2848 | The culture of Estonia combines an indigenous heritage, represented by the country's Finnic national language Estonian, with Nordic cultural aspects. The culture of Estonia is considered to be largely influenced by Germanic culture, having grown out of it. Due to its history and geography, Estonia's culture has also been influenced by the traditions of other Baltic Finns in the adjacent areas, also the Baltic Germans and Slavs, as well as by cultural developments in the former dominant powers, Sweden, Denmark and Russia. Traditionally, Estonia has been seen as an area of rivalry between western and eastern Europe on many levels. An example of this geopolitical legacy is an exceptional combination of multiple nationally recognized Christian traditions: Western Christianity (the Catholic Church and the Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Church) and Eastern Christianity (the Orthodox Church (the Estonian Apostolic Orthodox Church)). The symbolism of the border or meeting of east and west in Estonia was well illustrated on the reverse side of the 5 krooni note. Like the mainstream cultures in the other Nordic countries, Estonian culture can be seen to build upon ascetic environmental realities and traditional livelihoods, a heritage of comparatively widespread egalitarianism arising out of practical reasons (see freedom to roam and universal suffrage), and the ideals of closeness to nature and self-sufficiency.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
149
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The culture of Estonia combines an indigenous heritage, rep... |
Tyler Sheehan | [
{
"indices": [
32,
49
],
"target": "American football"
},
{
"indices": [
50,
61
],
"target": "Quarterback"
},
{
"indices": [
94,
124
],
"target": "Bowling Green State University"
},
{
"indices": [
152,
172
],
... | p_2849 | Tyler Allen Sheehan is a former American football quarterback. Sheehan played collegiately at Bowling Green State University after a standout career at La Salle High School in Cincinnati, Ohio. After going undrafted in the 2010 NFL Draft, he signed with Houston Texans, where he was released after training camp. In 2011, he signed with the Cincinnati Commandos of the Continental Indoor Football League. Sheehan led the Commandos to a perfect 10-0 regular season, winning the league's MVP award. In the playoffs, Sheehan led the Commandos to the 2011 CIFL Championship Game, where they defeated the Marion Blue Racers 44-29. After the Commandos season ended, Sheehan signed with the Arizona Rattlers of the Arena Football League, but never appeared in a game. In 2012, Sheehan returned to the Commandos and led them to a 7-2 record, this time in the United Indoor Football League. The Commandos took the first place seed into the playoffs, and won Ultimate Bowl II 62-44 over the Florida Tarpons.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": "yes",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
63,
193
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Sheehan played collegiately at Bowling Green State Univ... |
Douglas Hemphill Elliott | [
{
"indices": [
31,
43
],
"target": "Philadelphia"
},
{
"indices": [
45,
57
],
"target": "Pennsylvania"
},
{
"indices": [
118,
138
],
"target": "Haverford School"
},
{
"indices": [
164,
186
],
"target": "Unive... | p_2850 | Douglas H. Elliott was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He attended the schools of Philadelphia and graduated from The Haverford School in 1938. He attended the University of Virginia at Charlottesville, from 1938 to 1940. During the Second World War, he served in the United States Navy from 1941 until discharged as a chief petty officer in 1945. He worked for insurance companies from 1945 to 1952. He served as director of public relations of the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia from 1950 to 1952. He served as vice president of Wilson College in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, from 1952 to 1960. Elliott was elected to the Pennsylvania State Senate in 1956, and served until he was elected to the Eighty-sixth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Richard Simpson and served from April 26, 1960, until his suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning in Horse Valley, Pennsylvania, on June 19, 1960. Interment in Falling Spring Presbyterian Church Cemetery in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 89,
"passage": "richard m. simpson",
"start": 74,
"text": "January 7, 1960"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indic... |
Anne Larigauderie | [
{
"indices": [
83,
107
],
"target": "Paul Sabatier University"
},
{
"indices": [
109,
117
],
"target": "Toulouse"
},
{
"indices": [
142,
155
],
"target": "Plant ecology"
},
{
"indices": [
166,
216
],
"target"... | p_2851 | Anne Larigauderie received her Master's Degree in plant molecular biology from the Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France, and her PhD in plant ecology, from the Université des Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc and the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) in Montpellier, France. She then spent several years in the USA, working as a research scientist in several scientific projects. In Alaska, for example, she was involved in the first pilot project performing CO2 enrichment of natural ecosystems in the tundra in open top chambers (with Prof. Walter C. Oechel) to understand and predict impact of climate change on plant physiology and ecology. In California (San Diego State University and the University of California – Davis) she worked on root competition among California grassland species for soil nutrient pockets (with Prof. Jim Richards). A subsequent project focused on responses of various grass species to various scenarios of elevated CO2 and temperature, the aim of which was to predict response of grasses to future climate change (with Prof. Boyd Strain and Prof. Jim Reynolds, Duke University, North Carolina).
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 351,
"passage": "paul sabatier university",
"start": 347,
"text": "1969"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices"... |
Jos van der Lans | [
{
"indices": [
19,
27
],
"target": "Catholic Church in the Netherlands"
},
{
"indices": [
103,
112
],
"target": "Amsterdam"
},
{
"indices": [
130,
139
],
"target": "The Hague"
},
{
"indices": [
233,
241
],
"t... | p_2852 | Van der Lans has a Catholic background. Between 1960 and 1967 he attended a Catholic primary school in Amsterdam (until 1964) and The Hague. Between 1967 and 1973 he attended a Catholic secondary school in The Hague. He attended the atheneum and specialized in sciences. Between 1973 and 1981 he studied psychology at the Catholic University Nijmegen. In 1977 he received his candidate's exam (roughly equivalent to a bachelor's degree) and in 1981 he received his doctoral exam (roughly equivalent to a master's degree. Van der Lans specialized in cultural psychology and Psychology of religion. He also took additional courses in communication studies and education studies. He wrote his doctoral thesis about "Youth Culture, Provo and the Youth Movement" . Between 1979 and 1981 he attended courses to become a teacher in civics and science education. Between 1977 and 1981 he worked as a student-assistant on the faculty of social sciences at different departments. Between 1977 and 1983 he worked as a journalist for the quarterly magazine Psychologie & Maatschappij (Psychology and Society).
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
62,
125
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "he attended a Catholic primary school in Amsterdam (until ... |
Telfer Stokes | [
{
"indices": [
11,
26
],
"target": "Margaret Mellis"
},
{
"indices": [
31,
44
],
"target": "Adrian Stokes (critic)"
},
{
"indices": [
61,
68
],
"target": "St Ives, Cornwall"
},
{
"indices": [
88,
112
],
"targ... | p_2853 | The son of Margaret Mellis and Adrian Stokes, he was born in St Ives and studied at the Slade School of Fine Art. He pursued postgraduate studies at the Brooklyn Museum Art School after being awarded a Beckmann Fellowship. He taught at Reading Art School and the Bath Academy in Corsham and exhibited his paintings in London, including a show at the Serpentine Gallery. In 1971, Stokes founded publishing firm Weproductions, which produced artist's books; from 1974, he operated in partnership with Helen Douglas. In 2002, Stokes moved to East Anglia to care for his mother. He redirected his focus to sculpture, which he exhibited at the Kettle's Yard open house in 2008 and at shows in various galleries.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 709,
"passage": "margaret mellis",
"start": 682,
"text": " David Barclay Mellis-Smith"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
... |
The Frighteners | [
{
"indices": [
0,
13
],
"target": "Peter Jackson"
},
{
"indices": [
36,
46
],
"target": "Fran Walsh"
},
{
"indices": [
130,
148
],
"target": "Heavenly Creatures"
},
{
"indices": [
184,
198
],
"target": "Film ... | p_2854 | Peter Jackson and partner/co-writer Fran Walsh conceived the idea for The Frighteners in 1992, during the script-writing phase of Heavenly Creatures. Together, they wrote a three-page film treatment and sent it to their talent agent in Hollywood. Robert Zemeckis viewed their treatment with the intention of directing The Frighteners as a spin-off film of the television series, Tales from the Crypt (which he helped produce). Zemeckis hired Jackson and Walsh to turn their treatment into a full-length screenplay in January 1993. The husband and wife duo completed their first draft for The Frighteners in early-January 1994. Zemeckis was so impressed with their script, he decided The Frighteners would work better directed by Jackson, executive produced by Zemeckis and funded/distributed by Universal Pictures. Universal green-lighted the film to commence pre-production on a $26 million budget in April 1994. The studio also granted Jackson and Zemeckis total artistic control and the right of final cut privilege.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 208,
"passage": "tales from the crypt (tv series)",
"start": 176,
"text": " June 10, 1989 to July 19, 1996 "
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"c... |
Philadelphia Phillies | [
{
"indices": [
8,
19
],
"target": "2009 Philadelphia Phillies season"
},
{
"indices": [
199,
215
],
"target": "Washington, D.C."
},
{
"indices": [
365,
385
],
"target": "2008 World Series"
},
{
"indices": [
423,
435
... | p_2855 | For the 2009 season the Phillies wore black, circular "HK" patches over their hearts in memory of broadcaster Harry Kalas, who died April 13, 2009, just before he was to broadcast a Phillies game in Washington, D.C. From Opening Day through July 26, 2009, the Phillies wore 2008 World Champions patches on the right sleeve of their home uniforms to celebrate their World Series victory the season prior. After the death of Hall of Fame pitcher Robin Roberts on May 6, 2010, the Phillies wore a black patch with a white "36" on the sleeves of their jerseys in memory of Roberts for the remainder of the 2010 season. Number 36 had been retired previously by the team in 1962 to honor Roberts. For the 2011 season, the Phillies wore a black circular patch with a "B" in honor of minority owners Alexander and John Buck, who died in late 2010. For the 2014 season, the Phillies wore a black circular patch with initials “CB” in honor of former owner Claire Betz, who died during the offseason. For the 2015 season, the Phillies wore a black circular patch with a white "SLB" in memory of minority owner Sara L. Buck, who died on August 23, 2014. For the 2017 season, the Phillies wore a black circular patch on their sleeves featuring the "baseball stitched" center swirl "P" used from 1970 to 1991 inside the white silhouette of a capital "D" in memory of former manager Dallas Green, who led the franchise to its first World Series championship and died on March 22, 2017. Following the death of former chairman, minority-owner, and president David Montgomery on May 8, 2019, the Phillies added a black circular patch with white "DPM" letters in memory of Montgomery for the remainder of the 2019 season.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
84
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "For the 2009 season the Phillies wore black, circular \"HK\"... |
Javanshir | [
{
"indices": [
93,
118
],
"target": "Muslim conquest of Persia"
},
{
"indices": [
138,
153
],
"target": "Sasanian Empire"
},
{
"indices": [
193,
206
],
"target": "Yazdegerd III"
},
{
"indices": [
278,
293
],
... | p_2856 | Javanshir was known for his bravery and intelligence; he fought against the Arabs during the Muslim conquest of Persia on the side of the Sasanian Empire, and was rewarded by the Sasanian king Yazdegerd III himself two golden spears, two golden shields and a flag, probably the Drafsh e Kavian. In 636, he led an Albanian army, which alongside the Armenian prince Mushegh III Mamikonian and Grigor of Syunik, took part in the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah between the Persian and Arab armies. However, the Sasanians were defeated, which made Javanshir lose hope. He then made a mutiny against his overlords and retreated to Caucasian Albania. Where he wrote a letter to Constans II and became ally with the Byzantine Empire. He was then awarded with the title of patrikios, and recognized as king of the East. He also married to a noble from a princely family of Syunik.
| [
{
"answer": {
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},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
295,
363
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 636, he led an Albanian army, which alongside the Arme... |
Out-Ranger of Windsor Forest | [
{
"indices": [
56,
69
],
"target": "Denzil Onslow of Pyrford"
},
{
"indices": [
134,
145
],
"target": "Whig Junto"
},
{
"indices": [
222,
235
],
"target": "Thomas Onslow, 2nd Baron Onslow"
},
{
"indices": [
385,
394
... | p_2857 | The first known appointment to the position was that of Denzil Onslow in 1686 or 1694. He was deprived of his office in 1711 when the Junto Whigs were crushed. In 1715, the office was granted to Denzil's great-nephew Hon. Thomas Onslow. While it provided an emolument for him, the principal purpose of the appointment was to force Thomas to vacate his seat as Member of Parliament for Guildford, under the terms of the Place Act 1707. By removing him from the House of Commons, he could now stand in the by-election for Surrey, which had been vacated when his father Richard was made a Teller of the Exchequer. (Richard was about to be made a peer, hence his failure to stand in the by-election himself.) Two years later, when Thomas succeeded to his father's barony, Denzil Onslow again received the office for the same reason, vacating his seat at Guildford to successfully contest Surrey. This presaged the use of other offices of profit under the Crown as a means of resignation from the British House of Commons, which became formalised in the offices of Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds and Steward of Northstead.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
86
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The first known appointment to the position was that of Denz... |
Amasya | [
{
"indices": [
28,
33
],
"target": "Ancient Rome"
},
{
"indices": [
34,
42
],
"target": "Lucullus"
},
{
"indices": [
57,
64
],
"target": "Armenia"
},
{
"indices": [
147,
155
],
"target": "Bithynia"
},
{
... | p_2858 | Amaseia was captured by the Roman Lucullus in 70 BC from Armenia and was quickly made a free city and administrative center of his new province of Bithynia and Pontus by Pompey. By this time, Amaseia was a thriving city, the home of thinkers, writers and poets, and one of them, Strabo, left a full description of Amaseia as it was between 60 BC and 19 AD. Around 2 or 3 BC, it was incorporated into the Roman province of Galatia, in the district of Pontus Galaticus. Around the year 112, the emperor Trajan designated it a part of the province of Cappadocia. Later in the 2nd century it gained the titles 'metropolis' and 'first city'. After the division of the Roman Empire by emperor Diocletian the city became part of the East Roman Empire (the Byzantine Empire). At this time it had a predominantly Greek-speaking population.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 66,
"passage": "lucullus",
"start": 58,
"text": "57/56 BC"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Kara Vallow | [
{
"indices": [
69,
76
],
"target": "Dilbert (TV series)"
},
{
"indices": [
83,
96
],
"target": "Larry Charles"
},
{
"indices": [
111,
114
],
"target": "UPN"
},
{
"indices": [
167,
179
],
"target": "Family Guy... | p_2859 | Vallow then went on to Sony to produce their first primetime series, Dilbert, with Larry Charles, which ran on UPN for two seasons. She then took over as producer for season three of Family Guy before its brief cancellation. In 2004, Vallow created and produced the animation sequences in the critically acclaimed and award-winning documentary In the Realms of the Unreal directed by Jessica Yu. She produced the MTV series 3 South, the pilot for Comedy Central’s Drawn Together and the presentations for Fox’s American Dad! and an untitled Phil Hendrie pilot, before Fox made the decision to bring back Family Guy for an unprecedented 35 episode order. In order to accommodate producing both Family Guy and American Dad! simultaneously, she built a standalone animation studio for 20th Television and assembled a 200+ person team. She also produced the Fox presentations Two Dreadful Children and Bordertown. Nominated for five Emmys, Vallow was at one time responsible for three half-hours of programming on Sunday nights: Family Guy, American Dad!, and The Cleveland Show.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "43",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
131
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Vallow then went on to Sony to produce their first prim... |
Fyodor Ostashenko | [
{
"indices": [
89,
95
],
"target": "Volost"
},
{
"indices": [
113,
132
],
"target": "Vitebsk Governorate"
},
{
"indices": [
189,
198
],
"target": "Gymnasium (school)"
},
{
"indices": [
207,
218
],
"target": "... | p_2860 | Ostashenko was born on 19 June 1896 in the village of Bolshaya Lyubshchina, Yanovichskoy volost, Vitebsky Uyezd, Vitebsk Governorate to a peasant family. He graduated from four grades at a gymnasium. During World War I, he was mobilized for military service on 7 August 1915, being sent to the 4th Company of the Reserve Battalion of the Petrograd Lifeguard Regiment in Petrograd. With the battalion, he fought with the Southwestern Front between July 1916 and February 1917, then returned to Petrograd before being demobilized on 13 March 1918. In July, he volunteered for the Red Army, serving in the Vitebsky Uyezd military commissariat as a clerk and instructor organizer. From May 1919 Ostashenko served as a Red Army man and political soldier – a Communist mobilized to conduct political work in the army – in the march battalion of the Vitebsk Reserve Regiment. From July he served as an assistant platoon commander in the 84th Rifle Regiment of the 10th Rifle Division, which fought against the Northwestern Army near Petrograd as part of the 15th Army of the Western Front. He entered the Smolensk Commanders' Infantry Courses in November and upon graduation in June 1920 became a platoon commander in the Rzhev-based 2nd Reserve Regiment. This assignment proved to be brief and a month later, Ostashenko became adjutant of the 4th Landing Detachment for armored trains with the Western Front. He fought with the detachment, which provided landing parties for armored trains, in the Polish–Soviet War and was wounded twice.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
132
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Ostashenko was born on 19 June 1896 in the village of Bolsh... |
Mike Brotherton | [
{
"indices": [
32,
54
],
"target": "Granite City, Illinois"
},
{
"indices": [
70,
89
],
"target": "St. Louis"
},
{
"indices": [
118,
139
],
"target": "John Burroughs School"
},
{
"indices": [
192,
207
],
"tar... | p_2861 | Born Michael Sean Brotherton in Granite City, Illinois, he grew up in St. Louis, Missouri where he graduated from the John Burroughs School in 1986. He then headed south for college attending Rice University, from where he graduated Magna Cum Laude in 1990 with a BS in electrical engineering. He remained in Texas, going to the University of Texas at Austin for graduate work in astronomy where he specialized in studying quasars under Dr. Beverly Wills, earning his PhD in 1996. From 1996 to 1999 he was a postdoctoral fellow at the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory working primarily with Wil van Breguel and Robert Becker on the Very Large Array's FIRST survey related projects. From 1999-2002, he was a postdoctoral researcher at the National Optical Astronomy Observatory and FUSE Science Team Associate working with Richard Green in Tucson, Arizona. He is currently a tenured professor of astronomy at the University of Wyoming at Laramie, where he's been since 2002.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": "no",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
148
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Born Michael Sean Brotherton in Granite City, Illinois, h... |
Concord, Massachusetts | [
{
"indices": [
4,
35
],
"target": "Battles of Lexington and Concord"
},
{
"indices": [
66,
92
],
"target": "American Revolutionary War"
},
{
"indices": [
124,
136
],
"target": "British Army"
},
{
"indices": [
137,
14... | p_2862 | The Battle of Lexington and Concord was the first conflict in the American Revolutionary War. On April 19, 1775, a force of British Army regulars marched from Boston to Concord to capture a cache of arms that was reportedly stored in the town. Forewarned by Samuel Prescott (who had received the news from Paul Revere), the colonists mustered in opposition. Following an early-morning skirmish at Lexington, where the first shots of the battle were fired, the British expedition under the command of Lt. Col. Francis Smith advanced to Concord. There, colonists from Concord and surrounding towns (notably a highly drilled company from Acton led by Isaac Davis) repulsed a British detachment at the Old North Bridge and forced the British troops to retreat. Subsequently, militia arriving from across the region harried the British troops on their return to Boston, culminating in the Siege of Boston and the outbreak of the war.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"answer_value": "1",
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},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
788,
928
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "from across the region harried the British troops on th... |
Carson Beckett | [
{
"indices": [
66,
78
],
"target": "Rodney McKay"
},
{
"indices": [
215,
230
],
"target": "Jack O'Neill"
},
{
"indices": [
235,
251
],
"target": "John Sheppard (Stargate)"
},
{
"indices": [
370,
376
],
"targe... | p_2863 | While in the Antarctic outpost in the pilot episode "Rising", Dr. Rodney McKay forces Beckett to sit in an Ancient control chair. Beckett's Ancient gene causes him to accidentally activate a drone weapon zeroing on General O'Neill and Major Sheppard's helicopter, but he manages to stop it. After finding and arriving in the city of Atlantis, Beckett examines a severed Wraith arm that Major Sheppard brought back from the planet Athos. Beckett can provide the first information about Wraith physiology and becomes the chief medical officer in Atlantis. In "Hide and Seek", he creates a gene therapy that emulates the ATA gene in normal humans with a 48 percent success rate. In "Poisoning the Well", Beckett helps the Hoffans develop a drug that kills the Wraith who feed on humans, but the drug has the side effect of killing 50 percent of the human recipients as well. One of the casualties is Perna, a Hoffan woman he has grown attached to. Carson leaves in disgust when the Hoffans decide to disseminate the drug among their people at all costs. In "The Gift", he discovers that Teyla has Wraith DNA in her genetic makeup, which allows her to tap into the Wraith psychic network in this and future episodes. In the second season, Beckett takes up more offworld activities, including one mission where he removes a Wraith tracker from Ronon Dex's spine in "Runner".
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
554,
599
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In \"Hide and Seek\", he creates a gene therapy"
},... |
Glamorous Sky | [
{
"indices": [
19,
33
],
"target": "Mika Nakashima"
},
{
"indices": [
169,
174
],
"target": "Stars (Mika Nakashima song)"
},
{
"indices": [
258,
262
],
"target": "Nana (2005 film)"
},
{
"indices": [
305,
309
],
... | p_2864 | "Glamorous Sky" is Mika Nakashima's 16th single overall, her 1st under the name Nana starring Mika Nakashima, and the second most successful single in her career after "Stars". It is her first rock song and it was used as one of the image songs for the film Nana (as one of the bands Black Stones' song). Hyde of L'Arc-en-Ciel composed "Glamorous Sky", while Yazawa Ai wrote the lyrics. The second and third B-sides, "Blood" and "Isolation" were used as CM songs for Kate cosmetics. Mika Nakashima graces the cover of the single as Nana Osaki. The song is featured as a cover by a jrock band, Girugamesh, in the Konami music games, BEMANI for Drummania V3 and Guitarfreaks V3, as well as the iNiS rhythm game Moero! Nekketsu Rhythm Damashii Osu! Tatakae! Ouendan 2.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
34
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "\"Glamorous Sky\" is Mika Nakashima'"
}
],
"qi... |
Jeff Osterhage | [
{
"indices": [
106,
134
],
"target": "The Legend of the Golden Gun"
},
{
"indices": [
206,
213
],
"target": "Sackett"
},
{
"indices": [
234,
246
],
"target": "The Sacketts"
},
{
"indices": [
269,
286
],
"targ... | p_2865 | Osterhage began his acting career in a television adaptation of in 1978 and starred in the 1979 TV movie The Legend of the Golden Gun. He is probably most recognizable to western fans in his role as Tyrel Sackett in the 1979 western The Sacketts, followed by the 1982 The Shadow Riders, both being film adaptations of novels by western novelist Louis L'Amour. The Shadow Riders is not a part of the "Sackett" book series, and the actors play totally different roles. In both films he starred opposite Tom Selleck and Sam Elliott. In the first film he also starred alongside western legends Ben Johnson and Glenn Ford, with Johnson also starring in the second. Osterhage has appeared in twenty-seven films, made-for-television movies, and television series appearances in TV series including The Dukes of Hazzard, Knight Rider, T. J. Hooker, Scarecrow and Mrs. King, Murder, She Wrote, Moonlighting, Simon & Simon, Matlock, as well as the computer game . His latest appearance is in the 2008 film Taken by Force. He also played Marshal James Anderson in the computer game Outlaws, released in 1997.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
217,
247
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "the 1979 western The Sacketts,"
}
],
"qid":... |
Stratford Hall (plantation) | [
{
"indices": [
33,
43
],
"target": "Thomas Lee (Virginia colonist)"
},
{
"indices": [
57,
80
],
"target": "Thomas Lee (Virginia colonist)"
},
{
"indices": [
298,
315
],
"target": "Richard Henry Lee"
},
{
"indices": [
330,
... | p_2866 | In the midst of this busy world, Thomas Lee and his wife Hannah Harrison Ludwell (1701–49) raised eight children, six sons and two daughters. They played important roles in shaping the early history of the nation. His eldest son, Philip Ludwell Lee Sr., Esquire (1727–75) inherited Stratford Hall. Richard Henry Lee (1732–94) and Francis Lightfoot Lee (1734–97) were delegates from Virginia to the Second Continental Congress, and signers of the Declaration of Independence. Richard Henry was later instrumental in guiding the fledgling nation, serving as President of Congress in 1784-85. Thomas Ludwell Lee, active in local politics, served as a Virginian legislator and helped compose the Virginia Declaration of Rights. William Lee (1739–95) and Dr. Arthur Lee (1740–92) were diplomats to England during the turbulent struggle for American independence. Hannah Lee was an early proponent of women's rights, and Alice Lee married the prominent physician William Shippen Jr. (1736-1808) of Philadelphia.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
297
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In the midst of this busy world, Thomas Lee and his wife Ha... |
Ukrainian National Party | [
{
"indices": [
38,
48
],
"target": "Ion Nistor"
},
{
"indices": [
57,
79
],
"target": "Democratic Union Party (Bukovina)"
},
{
"indices": [
139,
144
],
"target": "Poles in Romania"
},
{
"indices": [
167,
181
],
... | p_2867 | In Bukovina, the Romanian nationalist Ion Nistor and his Democratic Union Party seized the opportunity and ran pro-Romanian Ukrainians and Poles as candidates for the 1919 elections. Active on the left side of the spectrum, Constantin Krakalia joined the Socialist Party. In early 1920, he spent time in prison for protesting against the People's Party (PP) government's clampdown on Ukrainian socialism. He ran in the elections of May against Bogatyrets, taking a seat in the Assembly of Deputies, where he demanded a plebiscite over the territorial status of Bukovina and Maramureș. The election of November 1922 were held under the watch of National Liberal Party (PNL), which supported centralizing policies. During the race, the incumbent Rusyn Senator Jevhen Kozak was arrested and intimidated. Fearing persecution, Krakalia made his way into the opposition Peasants' Party; the other Ukrainian socialists soon came into contact with the Union for the Liberation of Ukraine, and were either arrested or pushed to leave Romania.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 287,
"passage": "democratic union party (bukovina)",
"start": 282,
"text": "1919 "
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
... |
Norbert Pfretzschner | [
{
"indices": [
23,
29
],
"target": "Brixen"
},
{
"indices": [
34,
43
],
"target": "Innsbruck"
},
{
"indices": [
77,
96
],
"target": "Franco-Prussian War"
},
{
"indices": [
199,
206
],
"target": "Leipzig"
},... | p_2868 | He attended schools in Brixen and Innsbruck and served as a nurse during the Franco-Prussian War. In 1871, following his father's wishes, he began studying economics, eventually attending schools in Leipzig, Breisgau and Freiburg, where he was a member of the Corps Suevia Freiburg. His interest in hunting led him to give up his studies and take positions as a game warden and forester, first for the estates of Count Ernst II, then in Schillersdorf, Upper Silesia, for Nathaniel Meyer von Rothschild., but he had to quit due to an illness. After convalescing in Munich an acquaintance, Eduard von Grützner, suggested art as a career, so Pfretzschner studied sculpture with Edmund von Hellmer in Vienna and Ludwig Manzel in Berlin, where he worked from 1891 to 1913, becoming a Professor at the Prussian Academy of Art.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": "yes",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
98,
230
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 1871, following his father's wishes, he began studyi... |
Rainer Schüttler | [
{
"indices": [
45,
57
],
"target": "Maharashtra Open"
},
{
"indices": [
67,
83
],
"target": "Prakash Amritraj"
},
{
"indices": [
128,
139
],
"target": "Simon Greul"
},
{
"indices": [
175,
185
],
"target": "Bj... | p_2869 | His 2009 season Schüttler started off at the Chennai Open, beating Prakash Amritraj 6–2, 4–6, 6–1. In the second round, he beat Simon Greul 6–4, 6–2, and in the quarterfinals Björn Phau, 6–2, 7–5. Unfortunately Schuettler had to withdraw from his semifinal match against Somdev Devvarman because of a wrist injury. He also withdrew from the tournament in Sydney. At the Australian Open, he was seeded 30th but lost in the first round to Israeli Dudi Sela 1–6, 6–2, 6–4, 6–4. He also participated in the doubles with Lu Yen-hsun, but they were defeated by Łukasz Kubot and Oliver Marach. In the first round in Rotterdam, he lost to Mario Ančić. He played the Open 13 in Marseille, defeating Laurent Recouderc in the first round 6–1, 6–4.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
314
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "His 2009 season Schüttler started off at the Chennai Open, ... |
Betty Binns Fletcher | [
{
"indices": [
8,
14
],
"target": "Tacoma, Washington"
},
{
"indices": [
16,
26
],
"target": "Washington (state)"
},
{
"indices": [
71,
79
],
"target": "New Deal"
},
{
"indices": [
306,
325
],
"target": "Stan... | p_2870 | Born in Tacoma, Washington to an attorney and his wife who were active New Deal Democrats, Elizabeth Binns wanted to be a lawyer from a young age. Her father sometimes allowed her to skip classes in order to watch him try cases; she graduated from the local public high school at age 16. She then attended Stanford University and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1942 at the age of 19. Because so many men were away during World War II, Binns was admitted to the Stanford Law School, and completed one year before marrying Robert L. Fletcher, who was soon assigned to fly anti-aircraft blimps out of Lakehurst, New Jersey. They started a family, and moved back to Lakewood, Washington, after the war. With her parents' assistance in caring for their four young children (and renting out their own house to live in Lakewood), Fletcher resumed her legal education after a decade, now commuting to Seattle to study at the University of Washington School of Law. In 1956 she graduated at the top of her law school class, with a Bachelor of Laws.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 177,
"passage": "tacoma, washington",
"start": 166,
"text": "Puget Sound"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices... |
Timur's invasions of Georgia | [
{
"indices": [
0,
5
],
"target": "Timur"
},
{
"indices": [
32,
40
],
"target": "Caucasus"
},
{
"indices": [
64,
74
],
"target": "Tokhtamysh"
},
{
"indices": [
99,
112
],
"target": "Northern Iran"
},
{
... | p_2871 | Timur's first appearance in the Caucasus was a response to Khan Tokhtamysh's marauding inroad into Northern Iran through the Caucasian lands in 1385. This marked an outbreak of outright hostility between the two Islamic monarchs. Timur responded by launching a full-scale invasion of the small frontier countries, which lay between the western border of his emerging empire and Tokhtamysh's khanate. After having overrun Azerbaijan and Kars, Timur marched into Georgia. The official history of his reign, Zafarnama, represents this campaign in Georgia as a jihad. Timur set out from Kars and assailed Samtskhe, the southernmost principality within the Kingdom of Georgia later in 1386. From there, he marched against Tbilisi which the Georgian king Bagrat V had fortified. The city fell on November 21, 1386, and King Bagrat V was captured and converted to Islam at sword point. The Georgian Chronicle and Thomas of Metsoph mention the apostasy of the king but represent it as a clever ruse which enabled him to earn a degree of trust of Timur. Bagrat was given some 12,000 troops to reestablish himself in Georgia whose government was run by Bagrat's son and co-ruler George VII during his father's absence at Timur's court. The old king, however, entered in secret negotiations with George who ambushed Bagrat's Islamic escort, and freed his father.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
686,
772
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "From there, he marched against Tbilisi which the Georgian... |
Russian cruiser Bayan (1900) | [
{
"indices": [
96,
117
],
"target": "Imperial Russian Navy"
},
{
"indices": [
271,
293
],
"target": "Pacific Fleet (Russia)"
},
{
"indices": [
324,
335
],
"target": "Lüshunkou District"
},
{
"indices": [
395,
416
... | p_2872 | The cruiser Bayan (Russian: Баян) was the name ship of the four armoured cruisers built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. The ship had to be built in France because there was no available capacity in Russia. Bayan was assigned to the First Pacific Squadron after completion and based at Port Arthur from the end of 1903. She suffered minor damage during the Battle of Port Arthur at the beginning of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05 and supported destroyers as they patrolled outside the harbour. After bombarding Japanese positions in July 1904, the ship struck a mine and was out of action for the next several months. Bayan was sunk during the Siege of Port Arthur and was then salvaged by the Japanese after the war.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 249,
"passage": "battle of port arthur",
"start": 240,
"text": "Manchuria"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indice... |
2015 Toyota/Save Mart 350 | [
{
"indices": [
132,
143
],
"target": "Sears Point"
},
{
"indices": [
160,
176
],
"target": "Sonoma Mountains"
},
{
"indices": [
180,
198
],
"target": "Sonoma, California"
},
{
"indices": [
319,
325
],
"target... | p_2873 | Sonoma Raceway, formerly Sears Point Raceway and Infineon Raceway, is a road course and drag strip located on the landform known as Sears Point in the southern Sonoma Mountains in Sonoma, California, USA. The road course features 12 turns on a hilly course with of total elevation change. It is host to one of only two NASCAR Sprint Cup Series races each year that are run on road courses (the other being Watkins Glen International in Watkins Glen, New York), and one of six national series road course races (Xfinity Series racing at Watkins Glen, Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course and Road America; and the Camping World Truck Series at Canadian Tire Motorsport Park). It is also host to the Verizon IndyCar Series and several other auto races and motorcycle races such as the American Federation of Motorcyclists series. Sonoma Raceway continues to host amateur, or club racing events which may or may not be open to the general public. The largest such car club is the Sports Car Club of America.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 441,
"passage": "sonoma mountains",
"start": 426,
"text": "Sonoma Mountain"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indic... |
Secretary of the United States Senate | [
{
"indices": [
130,
148
],
"target": "Samuel Allyne Otis"
},
{
"indices": [
266,
286
],
"target": "Continental Congress"
},
{
"indices": [
403,
415
],
"target": "Anson G. McCook"
},
{
"indices": [
467,
483
],
... | p_2874 | A position of great trust and responsibility, the Senate secretaryship has been held by a long line of distinguished individuals. Samuel Allyne Otis, the first secretary of the Senate, had previously been speaker of the Massachusetts legislature and a member of the Continental Congress. Otis held the post of secretary for twenty-five years, never missing a day that the Senate was in session. General Anson McCook of New York, a former House member and one of the "Fighting McCooks" of the Civil War, served as secretary, as well as a former Confederate general and Congressman, William R. Cox of North Carolina. In addition, two former U.S. senators, Charles Cutts of New Hampshire and Walter Lowrie of Pennsylvania, have later served as secretary. Other former House members who have held the post include Charles G. Bennett (NY). During the Ninety-ninth Congress (1985–1987), Jo-Anne Coe became the first woman to serve as secretary.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
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"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
395,
614
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "General Anson McCook of New York, a former House member a... |
Animal Farm | [
{
"indices": [
25,
30
],
"target": "Fable"
},
{
"indices": [
65,
91
],
"target": "Russian Revolution"
},
{
"indices": [
113,
126
],
"target": "History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953)"
},
{
"indices": [
134,
146
]... | p_2875 | According to Orwell, the fable reflects events leading up to the Russian Revolution of 1917 and then on into the Stalinist era of the Soviet Union. Orwell, a democratic socialist, was a critic of Joseph Stalin and hostile to Moscow-directed Stalinism, an attitude that was critically shaped by his experiences during the Spanish Civil War. The Soviet Union, he believed, had become a brutal dictatorship, built upon a cult of personality and enforced by a reign of terror. In a letter to Yvonne Davet, Orwell described Animal Farm as a satirical tale against Stalin (""), and in his essay "Why I Write" (1946), wrote that Animal Farm was the first book in which he tried, with full consciousness of what he was doing, "to fuse political purpose and artistic purpose into one whole".
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "6",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
91
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "According to Orwell, the fable reflects events leading up... |
Frank Alberry | [
{
"indices": [
15,
18
],
"target": "Distinguished Conduct Medal"
},
{
"indices": [
136,
142
],
"target": "Hobart"
},
{
"indices": [
161,
175
],
"target": "Welch Regiment"
},
{
"indices": [
207,
222
],
"target... | p_2876 | Frank Alberry, DCM (29 September 1892 – 23 January 1968) was an Australian soldier and airman who had a varied military career. Born in Hobart, he served in the Welch Regiment of the British Army before the First World War, but deserted. He joined up again in the early days of the First World War, and went on to serve with the 8th Battalion of the Australian Imperial Force. After service at Gallipoli, he joined the British Expeditionary Force in France. He won a Distinguished Conduct Medal at the Battle of Pozières, but lost a lower leg in the process. Alberry took the extraordinary step of personally petitioning King George V for permission to transfer to the Flying Corps, and subsequently became a flying ace credited with seven aerial victories. Alberry returned to service during the Second World War as a recruiter.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 82,
"passage": "battle of pozières",
"start": 66,
"text": "3 September 1916"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indi... |
Tropical Storm Rolf | [
{
"indices": [
86,
92
],
"target": "France"
},
{
"indices": [
103,
113
],
"target": "Cold front"
},
{
"indices": [
126,
147
],
"target": "Extratropical cyclone"
},
{
"indices": [
290,
307
],
"target": "Low-pr... | p_2877 | On November 4, an extratropical disturbance was spawned just off the coast of western France, within a cold front, by another extratropical cyclone to the north, named "Quinn." This storm began causing heavy rainfall in northern Italy, leading to flooding in the region. On the next day, a low-pressure area formed over western France, and the system was named Rolf by the Free University of Berlin, which names all significant low pressure systems affecting Europe. As the storm slowly moved eastward, it caused flooding in the Balearic Islands. Rolf gradually organized, and convection began to increase in the storm. Over the next couple of days, the storm continued to organize as it moved eastward, approaching the northwestern coast of Italy. On November 5, Rolf's forward motion slowed while the storm was stationed above the Massif Central in southern France, maintaining a central pressure of . On November 6, the system moved into the western Mediterranean Sea and stalled off the coast of Liguria, while gradually strengthening, bringing additional flooding to the region. Around the same time, the storm's frontal structure shrunk to in length. During that evening, Rolf spawned a tornado over Alassio, in northern Italy, causing some structural damage. On November 7, 2011, Rolf turned westward and slowly transitioned from an extratropical system into a subtropical depression over the warm waters of the Mediterranean Sea, with the system acquiring a warm quasi-symmetric core, and with organized convective rainbands wrapping around the center of the storm. The storm was then given the designation Invest 99L, by the United States Naval Research Laboratory (the NRL). The NOAA also began watching the subtropical depression, which was now located in the Gulf of Lion. Later that day, Rolf transitioned from a subtropical depression into a tropical depression off the coast of France, and the NOAA gave Rolf the identifier 01M.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 91,
"passage": "balearic islands",
"start": 85,
"text": "Spain "
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Weapons of Choice | [
{
"indices": [
12,
22
],
"target": "East Timor"
},
{
"indices": [
36,
59
],
"target": "Axis of Time"
},
{
"indices": [
74,
99
],
"target": "List of Axis of Time characters"
},
{
"indices": [
126,
144
],
"targ... | p_2878 | In 2021 off East Timor, as a US-led multinational taskforce, commanded by Admiral Phillip Kolhammer, prepares to liberate the Indonesian islands from an Islamic government calling itself the Caliphate, which is slaughtering the Chinese nationals living there. In the book's backstory, the Chinese government was planning to send a task force but was warned by the US government not to do so. The flagship of the task force is the aircraft carrier USS Hillary Clinton, named after "the most uncompromising wartime president in the history of the United States". The task force is made up mainly of US and British units alongside French, Australian, Japanese, and Free Indonesians, along with a few other units like Spetsnaz from Russia and Kommando Spezialkräfte from Germany. Alongside the navy task force is JRV Nagoya, a scientific ship that is experimenting with wormholes; the navy ship protecting it is ordered to join the task force. A new ship from the Royal New Zealand Navy is sent as escort, but prior to its arrival, Nagoyas project director, Manning Pope, decides to make a trial run. The task force is constantly watched by a Caliphate spy on the mainland.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
561,
617
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The task force is made up mainly of US and British units"... |
Christian Bale filmography | [
{
"indices": [
14,
28
],
"target": "Christian Bale"
},
{
"indices": [
205,
212
],
"target": "Henry V (1989 film)"
},
{
"indices": [
236,
255
],
"target": "William Shakespeare"
},
{
"indices": [
263,
290
],
"t... | p_2879 | British actor Christian Bale has starred in various movies. Bale's role of a young boy, interned in China by the Japanese, received praise from most film critics. Two years later, Bale had a minor role in Henry V, a drama film based on William Shakespeare's play The Life of Henry the Fifth. It has been considered one of the best Shakespeare film adaptations ever made. In 1992, Bale starred as Jack Kelly in the Walt Disney musical drama Newsies, which was a critical and commercial failure; however, it gained a cult following. He received a role in the 1994 drama Little Women, which garnered positive reviews. Bale lent his voice for the Disney animated film Pocahontas in 1995; it received a mixed reception, but attained box office success. He starred as British journalist Arthur Stuart in the Todd Haynes-directed drama Velvet Goldmine (1998). Although critics were divided on the film, Bale's role was "eagerly anticipated". Bale portrayed Demetrius in the critically praised 1999 film A Midsummer Night's Dream, an adaptation of Shakespeare's play of the same name, directed by Michael Hoffman. The same year, he portrayed Jesus of Nazareth in the television movie Mary, Mother of Jesus.
| [
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{
"indices": [
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],
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"text": "-directed drama Velvet Goldmine"
},
{
... |
Fabio Mignanelli | [
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"target": "Rome"
},
{
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38,
59
],
"target": "Advocates of Roman congregations"
},
{
"indices": [
124,
153
],
"target": "Girolamo Recanati Capodiferro"
},
{
"indices": [
244,
254
... | p_2880 | In 1533, he moved to Rome, becoming a consistorial advocate. He was married to Antonina Capodiferro, the sister of Cardinal Girolamo Recanati Capodiferro and had a son. After Antonia died, Mignanelli entered the church. In 1537, he was sent as ambassador to the Republic of Venice to encourage Venice to break its alliance with the Ottoman Empire and to go to war against the Ottomans. In October 1537, Pope Paul III sent him as ambassador to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor to present him with the brief postponing the Council of Trent for a second time. In spring 1538, he traveled to Nice with the pope to negotiate the end of the Italian War of 1536–1538; shortly thereafter, they traveled to Geneva to meet the emperor. On September 3, 1538, he was appointed nuncio to Ferdinand, King of the Romans, holding this position until 1539. In 1540, he became an auditor of the Roman Rota. He was also a protonotary apostolic and the pope's domestic prelate.
| [
{
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"text": "In 1533, he moved to Rome"
}
],
"qid": "q_6755... |
Mary L. Mikva | [
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31,
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"target": "Abner Mikva"
},
{
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139
],
"target": "Evanston, Illinois"
},
{
"indices": [
185,
189
],
"target": "Bachelor of Arts"
},
{
"indices": [
204,
218
],
"target":... | p_2881 | Mikva is the daughter of Judge Abner Mikva and Zorita ("Zoe") (nee Wise) Mikva. Mikva and her two sisters were raised in Evanston, Illinois, and attended public schools. She earned her B.A. in theater at Beloit College in 1974, working after graduation as a paralegal at the law firm Jenner & Block. She then attended Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law, graduating cum laude and Order of the Coif in 1980. Following graduation, she served as law clerk to Judge Prentice Marshall of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, and then to Justice William J. Brennan, Jr., of the United States Supreme Court. After her clerkships, Mikva practiced law in Chicago as a partner at Abrahamson Vorachek & Mikva and Seliger & Mikva, specializing in civil rights and employment law, and in criminal defense with Patrick A. Tuite & Associates.
| [
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"answer": {
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"text": "1846"
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... |
Crag Group | [
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"target": "Stratigraphic unit"
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{
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"target": "East Anglia"
},
{
"indices": [
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103
],
"target": "North Sea"
},
{
"indices": [
188,
196
],
"target": "Pliocene... | p_2882 | The Crag Group is a geological group outcropping in East Anglia, UK and adjacent areas of the North Sea. Its age ranges from approximately 4.4 to 0.478 million years BP, spanning the late Pliocene and early to middle Pleistocene epochs. It comprises a range of marine and estuarine sands, gravels, silts and clays deposited in a relatively shallow-water, tidally-dominated marine embayment on the western margins of the North Sea basin. The sands are characteristically dark green from glauconite but weather bright orange, with haematite 'iron pans' forming. The lithology of the lower part of the Group is almost entirely flint. The highest formation in the Group, the Wroxham Crag, contains over 10% of far-travelled lithologies, notably quartzite and vein quartz from the Midlands, igneous rocks from Wales, and chert from the Upper Greensand of southeastern England. This exotic rock component was introduced by rivers such as the Bytham River and Proto-Thames.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"indices": [
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103
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"text": "The Crag Group is a geological group outcropping in E... |
Yonas Kifle | [
{
"indices": [
42,
54
],
"target": "Southern Region (Eritrea)"
},
{
"indices": [
144,
155
],
"target": "3000 metres"
},
{
"indices": [
163,
199
],
"target": "1999 IAAF World Indoor Championships"
},
{
"indices": [
387,
... | p_2883 | Kifle was born in Adi Billai in Eritrea's Debub Region. He made his first international appearance for Eritrea at the age of 21, running in the 3000 metres at the 1999 IAAF World Indoor Championships. He finished in last place and was over twenty seconds behind the rest of the runners. His first international outdoor competition followed later that year and he ran in the heats of the 5000 metres at the 1999 World Championships in Athletics in Seville. In 2000 he came 61st at the 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships and made his Olympic debut with a performance in the heats of the 10,000 metres at the 2000 Sydney Olympics. He began to improve from the 2002 season onwards: he was eighth in the long race at the 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships, fourth at the 2002 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships with a time of 1:01:05 hours, and came sixth over 5000 m at the 2002 African Championships in Athletics. He also won the Cursa de Bombers 10K in Spain that year.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 147,
"passage": "1999 iaaf world indoor championships",
"start": 126,
"text": "Dome Maebashi stadium"
}
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"context"... |
Dan Rostenkowski | [
{
"indices": [
21,
36
],
"target": "Charles Wheelan"
},
{
"indices": [
350,
359
],
"target": "Blue Line (CTA)"
},
{
"indices": [
367,
392
],
"target": "Chicago Transit Authority"
},
{
"indices": [
424,
436
],
... | p_2884 | In his book , author Charles Wheelan wrote "We Chicagoans can drive around the city and literally point to things that Rosty built." Although Rostenkowski never "literally" built anything with his own money or labor, he delivered federal funds for Chicago and the State of Illinois. Some of his notable projects include: securing $32 million for the Blue Line of the Chicago Transit Authority which expanded travel from the Chicago Loop to O'Hare International Airport, $450 million to repave and expand the Kennedy Expressway, $25 million to fix the dangerous S Curve on Lake Shore Drive $4 billion for the Deep Tunnel Project, which was designed to keep raw sewage from entering the Chicago River and Lake Michigan, while also protecting over half a million suburban and city home owners threatened by flooded basements. He followed that with $42.4 million for reservoirs in McCook and Thornton Townships and by O'Hare airport, $16.8 million for downtown's State Street Mall renovation, $3.5 million for the construction of the Cook County Boot Camp, a military-style alternative for first-time youthful offenders. When the Chicago White Sox baseball team was considering moving to Florida, Rostenkowski secured a $150 million bond authority for the construction of US Cellular Field. Once nearly abandoned and left in disrepair, he ensured $75 million in tax-free bonds for the remodeling of Navy Pier, which today has become Chicago's preeminent tourist attraction. To ease erosion that threatened Lake Shore Drive and several harbors and museums along the Chicago lake front, Rostenkowski secured $2.2 million for the Chicago Shoreline Protection Project, and laid the foundation for a coordinated partnership among the Army Corps of Engineers, the federal government and the City of Chicago. He also was responsible for securing funding for the upkeep of Chicago area bridges including the Chicago Skyway, the Division, Cermak, and Roosevelt street bridges.
| [
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"answer": {
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{
"end": 378,
"passage": "guaranteed rate field",
"start": 373,
"text": "1991 "
}
],
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"context": [
{
"indices": ... |
Wheatfield Road | [
{
"indices": [
11,
31
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"target": "Battle of Gettysburg"
},
{
"indices": [
114,
124
],
"target": "Samuel W. Crawford"
},
{
"indices": [
143,
164
],
"target": "Pennsylvania Reserves"
},
{
"indices": [
262,
278
],... | p_2885 | During the Battle of Gettysburg, the dirt Wheatfield Road was used by various Union and Confederate troops (e.g., Crawford's Third Division of Pennsylvania Reserves), and Union troops deployed artillery westward to the Peach Orchard using the road. In 1884, the Round Top Branch's wye with double spurs and station was built at the east end of Wheatfield Road, and in 1894 the Gettysburg Electric Railway was laid along a west portion of the road (trolleys also crossed the east end near Round Top Station). In 1895, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ceded jurisdiction of Wheatfield Road to the War Department, and in 1900 two cast iron identification tablets were placed to label the road. The Gettysburg Electric Railway tracks were removed from the Wheatfield Road in 1917 and the road was repaired in 1931. The Wheatfield Road was resurfaced with asphalt west of Sykes Avenue in 1933, and completed "from the Rosensteel pavilion to the Taneytown road" in 1940 by the McMillan Woods Civilian Conservation Corps camp.
| [
{
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"indices": [
0,
248
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "During the Battle of Gettysburg, the dirt Wheatfield Road... |
Searcy County, Arkansas | [
{
"indices": [
99,
109
],
"target": "Republican Party (United States)"
},
{
"indices": [
175,
186
],
"target": "Solid South"
},
{
"indices": [
254,
260
],
"target": "Slavery in the United States"
},
{
"indices": [
363,
... | p_2886 | Along with adjacent Newton County, Searcy is unique among Arkansas counties in being traditionally Republican in political leanings even during the overwhelmingly Democratic "Solid South" era. This Republicanism resulted from their historical paucity of slaves, in turn created by infertile soils unsuitable for intensive cotton farming, and produced support for the Union during the Civil War. These were the only two counties in Arkansas to be won by Alf Landon in 1936, Wendell Willkie in 1940, Charles Evans Hughes in 1916, and even Calvin Coolidge in 1924. In Presidential elections post-1932, Harry S. Truman and Jimmy Carter are the only Democrats to carry the county. In the 1992 election George H. W. Bush won his second-highest margin in the state, and the Republican nominee has received over 60 percent in Presidential elections from 2000 to 2012 inclusive. In 2016, Searcy County voted over 79 percent for Donald Trump, while former Arkansas First Lady Hillary Clinton received just 16 percent.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 27519,
"passage": "calvin coolidge",
"start": 27506,
"text": "John W. Davis"
}
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"indi... |
John S. Rigden | [
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"indices": [
25,
52
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"target": "American Journal of Physics"
},
{
"indices": [
95,
124
],
"target": "American Institute of Physics"
},
{
"indices": [
274,
302
],
"target": "National Academy of Sciences"
},
{
"indices": [
... | p_2887 | Rigden was editor of the American Journal of Physics from 1975 to 1985. In 1987, he joined the American Institute of Physics, where he served as Director of Physics Programs. In 1992, he was appointed Director of Development of the National Science Standards Project at the National Academy of Sciences. In 1995, he was elected chairman of the History of Physics Forum of the American Physical Society (of which he was a fellow). He also served on committees for the American Association of Physics Teachers, the American Physical Society, the American Association for the Advancement of Science (of which he was also a fellow), and the National Academy of Sciences. He served as a National Science Foundation (NSF) consultant to the country of India in 1968 and again in 1969. He was the United States Representative to the International Science Exhibition in Rangoon Burma in 1970. He was also a Fulbright Fellow to Burma in 1971 and to Uruguay in 1975.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 366,
"passage": "american institute of physics",
"start": 344,
"text": "College Park, Maryland"
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],
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"context": [
... |
James Franklin Jeffrey | [
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"indices": [
80,
86
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"target": "Kuwait"
},
{
"indices": [
106,
126
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"target": "Bombing of Iraq (1998)"
},
{
"indices": [
206,
222
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"target": "Head of mission"
},
{
"indices": [
255,
262
],
"target": "... | p_2888 | In 1996 Jeffrey was selected as Deputy Chief of Mission to the American Embassy Kuwait, and served during Operation Desert Fox and the evacuation of Embassy Kuwait. In 1999 he returned to Turkey, as Deputy Chief of Mission. After serving as Ambassador to Albania from 2002 to 2004, he was selected by Secretary of State Colin Powell and Ambassador John Negroponte to bridge the transition from the Coalition Provisional Authority to the new U.S. Embassy in Baghdad, and subsequently served as Deputy Chief of Mission from 2004 to 2005. He served as Chargé d'Affaires in Baghdad before returning to Washington to serve as Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice’s Special Advisor for Iraq from 2006 to 2007. Jeffrey then served as Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Near Eastern Affairs, covering broader Middle East policy matters, including co-chairing the Interagency Iran Policy Group.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 272,
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"text": "4.5 million"
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... |
New York State Route 25C | [
{
"indices": [
110,
116
],
"target": "New York State Route 25B"
},
{
"indices": [
126,
148
],
"target": "Northern State Parkway"
},
{
"indices": [
226,
240
],
"target": "Union Turnpike (New York)"
},
{
"indices": [
251,
... | p_2889 | The NY 25C designation was assigned in the mid-1930s to the portion of Marcus Avenue between Hillside Avenue (NY 25B) and the Northern State Parkway. In the 1940s, the northernmost portion of the route was realigned to follow Union Turnpike west into Queens, where it ended at Springfield Boulevard (then NY 25). The section of Union Turnpike from Kew Gardens to the Nassau County line had been converted from a narrow unpaved road to a paved multi-lane highway in the late 1930s ahead of the 1939 New York World's Fair. NY 25C was city-maintained in Queens, state-maintained from the New York City line to Marcus Avenue, and county-maintained from Union Turnpike to NY 25B. The route remained unchanged until January 1, 1970, when the designation was removed. The state-maintained portion of the route's former alignment in Nassau County is now NY 900F, an unsigned reference route.
| [
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
71,
257
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Marcus Avenue between Hillside Avenue (NY 25B) and the Nor... |
Feast of Christ the King | [
{
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189,
208
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"target": "Liturgical year"
},
{
"indices": [
244,
256
],
"target": "Pope Pius XI"
},
{
"indices": [
265,
286
],
"target": "Catholic Church"
},
{
"indices": [
300,
314
],
"target": ... | p_2890 | The Solemnity of Our Lord Jesus Christ, King of the Universe, commonly referred to as the Feast of Christ the King or Christ the King Sunday, is a relatively recent addition to the Western liturgical calendar, having been instituted in 1925 by Pope Pius XI for the Roman Catholic Church. In 1970 its Roman Catholic observance was moved to the final Sunday of Ordinary Time. Therefore, the earliest date on which it can occur is 20 November and the latest is 26 November. The Anglican, Lutheran, and many other Protestant churches also celebrate the Feast of Christ the King, which is contained in the Revised Common Lectionary. Roman Catholics adhering to the Extraordinary Form of the Roman Rite use the General Roman Calendar of 1960, and as such continue to observe the Solemnity on its original date of the final Sunday of October. It is also observed on the same computed date as the final Sunday of the ecclesiastical year, the Sunday before the First Sunday of Advent, by Western rite parishes of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia. In 2019, the feast day is celebrated on 24 November.
| [
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"context": [
{
"indices": [
118,
140
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Christ the King Sunday"
},
{
"indi... |
Adam Davy | [
{
"indices": [
60,
70
],
"target": "Ben Waters"
},
{
"indices": [
211,
224
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"target": "Charlie Watts"
},
{
"indices": [
250,
264
],
"target": "Elliott Randall"
},
{
"indices": [
298,
308
],
"target": "Steel... | p_2891 | In recent years Adam performs with keyboard extraordinaire, Ben Waters and his six piece band. The band have toured all over the world. As saxophonist Adam Davy has worked with some amazing musicians including: Charlie Watts, Rolling Stones Drummer, Elliot Randall, (premier session guitarist for, Steely Dan and the, Blues Brothers), Sir John Dankworth, Tim Garland, Kate Robbins, Nikki Lamborn, Never The Bride, Alley McErlaine from the band, Texas, Gary Brooker, Jimmy Valance. He has played in the top venues around the world including, Ronnie Scotts, Pizza Express Jazz Club, The 100 Club, The Half Moon in Putney, Larmer Tree Festival, Camp Bestival, Storyville, Smalls Jazz Cafe, Pink Elephant Jazz Bar, the Cork Jazz Festival, the Rhoda Mcgaw Theatre, The Stables Wavendon, Cartier Royal polo event for Prince Harry and the Kay Club Ryder cup after Tiger Wood's match. Adam has worked with all three of the major Jazz/music/Poets, Michael Horovitz, Pete Brown, who wrote the hit, Sunshine of Your Love, for the British rock pop group, Cream, and renowned Jazz poet John Hegley.
| [
{
"answer": {
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"end": 68,
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"text": "1907 "
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],
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"indices": [
0... |
Ken Livingstone | [
{
"indices": [
8,
15
],
"target": "Lambeth"
},
{
"indices": [
17,
29
],
"target": "South London"
},
{
"indices": [
121,
128
],
"target": "West Norwood"
},
{
"indices": [
143,
147
],
"target": "1973 Greater Lo... | p_2892 | Born in Lambeth, South London, to a working-class family, Livingstone joined Labour in 1968 and was elected to represent Norwood at the GLC in 1973, Hackney North and Stoke Newington in 1977, and Paddington in 1981. That year, Labour representatives on the GLC elected him as the council's leader. Attempting to reduce London Underground fares, his plans were challenged in court and declared unlawful; more successful were his schemes to benefit women and underprivileged minorities, despite stiff opposition. The mainstream media gave him the moniker "Red Ken" in reference to his socialist beliefs and heavily criticised him for supporting controversial issues like republicanism, LGBT rights, and a United Ireland. Livingstone was a vocal opponent of the Conservative Party government of Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, which in 1986 abolished the GLC. Elected as MP for Brent East in 1987, he became closely associated with anti-racist campaigns. He unsuccessfully stood for Labour Party leader on a leftist platform in 1992 and 1994, in the latter losing to Tony Blair. Livingstone became a vocal critic of Blair's New Labour project that pushed the party closer to the centre and won the 1997 general election.
| [
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"indices": [
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],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Born in Lambeth, South London, to a working-class family, L... |
Jet Ski Lady | [
{
"indices": [
75,
87
],
"target": "Thoroughbred"
},
{
"indices": [
122,
130
],
"target": "Epsom Oaks"
},
{
"indices": [
207,
212
],
"target": "Filly"
},
{
"indices": [
316,
321
],
"target": "Colt (horse)"
... | p_2893 | Jet Ski Lady (foaled 20 February 1988) was an American-bred, Irish-trained thoroughbred racehorse, best known for winning The Oaks in 1991. In a racing career which lasted from June 1990 to October 1991 the filly ran ten times and won four races. After winning twice as a two-year-old, Jet Ski Lady competed against colts with mixed success in early 1991 before winning the Classic Oaks over one and a half miles at Epsom Downs Racecourse. Her winning margin of ten lengths was the second-widest in the race's history and her starting price of 50/1 made her the equal longest-priced winner of the Oaks on records. She subsequently finished second in both the Irish Oaks at the Curragh and the Yorkshire Oaks at York. She was retired to stud after finishing unplaced in the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe.
| [
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"answer": {
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"end": 180,
"passage": "prix de l'arc de triomphe",
"start": 170,
"text": "Longchamp "
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],
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"context": [
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"i... |
How the Grinch Stole Christmas! | [
{
"indices": [
77,
88
],
"target": "Chuck Jones"
},
{
"indices": [
142,
158
],
"target": "How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (TV special)"
},
{
"indices": [
191,
204
],
"target": "Boris Karloff"
},
{
"indices": [
244,
2... | p_2894 | The book has been adapted into a variety of media, including stage and film. Chuck Jones and Ben Washam (Co-Director) adapted the story as an animated special in 1966, featuring narration by Boris Karloff, who also provided the Grinch's voice. Thurl Ravenscroft sang "You're a Mean One Mr. Grinch" with lyrics written by Dr. Seuss himself. In 2000, the book was adapted into a live-action film, directed by Ron Howard and starring Jim Carrey as the Grinch. Illumination Entertainment also developed a 3D animated feature film, titled The Grinch directed by Scott Mosier and Yarrow Cheney and starring Benedict Cumberbatch as the Grinch. It was originally scheduled to be released on November 10, 2017, but was pushed back to November 9, 2018.
| [
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457,
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],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Illumination Entertainment also developed a 3D animated f... |
Vladimir Kabanov | [
{
"indices": [
57,
70
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"target": "Ilyushin Il-2"
},
{
"indices": [
205,
228
],
"target": "Kerch–Eltigen Operation"
},
{
"indices": [
326,
339
],
"target": "Vladislavovka railway station"
},
{
"indices": [
378,
383
... | p_2895 | Kabanov fought in combat from October 1943. He became an Ilyushin Il-2 pilot in the 7th Guards Attack Aviation Regiment of the 230th Assault Aviation Division. In November 1943, he flew sorties during the Kerch–Eltigen Operation. On 14 November he was wounded in the leg. On 22 January 1944 he flew in a raid on trains on the Vladislavovka-Kolodez section of the railway in the Kerch area. During the mission, three trains were attacked and 21 cars were set on fire, of which one contained ammunition. For his actions Kabanov received thanks from the commander of the 4th Air Army. On 27 January, Kabanov flew in a sortie with three other Il-2s to attack German tanks in the area of Skosiyev-Fontan. During the mission a shell fragment hit the oil cooler of Kabanov's plane but he reportedly did not turn back until the mission was accomplished. On 30 January he was awarded the Order of the Red Star. In April and May 1944, Kabanov fought in the Crimean Offensive. On 15 June he was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War 1st class. After the end of the Crimean Offensive the 230th Division was transferred to fight in Operation Bagration. During the June and July 1944, Kabanov participated in the Mogilev Offensive and the Bialystok Offensive. On 20 July he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. In August he fought in the Osovets Offensive. On 20 September he received a second Order of the Red Banner.
| [
{
"answer": {
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{
"end": 206,
"passage": "order of the red star",
"start": 194,
"text": "6 April 1930"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
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"ind... |
Lionhead Studios | [
{
"indices": [
0,
14
],
"target": "Peter Molyneux"
},
{
"indices": [
23,
43
],
"target": "Bullfrog Productions"
},
{
"indices": [
81,
96
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"target": "Electronic Arts"
},
{
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281,
292
],
"target": ... | p_2896 | Peter Molyneux founded Bullfrog Productions in 1987, which was later acquired by Electronic Arts (EA) in 1995. Around 1996, Molyneux had contemplated leaving Bullfrog, as he felt limited in his creative freedom under Electronic Arts. He along with Lionhead's eventual co-founders, Mark Webley, Tim Rance and Steve Jackson, started developing plans for a new studio. In 1997, due to a series of events and from issues arising between Molyneux and Electronic Arts, he ultimately left the company in July 1997, co-founding Lionhead shortly after that, along with Mark Webley, Tim Rance, and Steve Jackson (who co-founded Games Workshop and co-authored the Fighting Fantasy series). On his recruitment, Jackson said "It was an offer I couldn't refuse", as he wanted to get back to making games instead of writing about them (Jackson had interviewed Molyneux about Bullfrog and Dungeon Keeper, but for much of it, they discussed German board games instead. This led to them meeting frequently for an event called "Games Night"). Molyneux assured him that his lack of programming knowledge was an asset rather than a problem. Lionhead is the second Bullfrog break-off group, after Mucky Foot Productions (founded in February 1997). According to Glenn Corpes (who co-founded another: Lost Toys), Lionhead was Molyneux's "take on what Bullfrog used was".
| [
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"text": "Peter Molyneux founded Bullfrog Productions in 1987"
}... |
Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester | [
{
"indices": [
92,
120
],
"target": "War of the Breton Succession"
},
{
"indices": [
183,
208
],
"target": "John IV, Duke of Brittany"
},
{
"indices": [
234,
251
],
"target": "Duchy of Brittany"
},
{
"indices": [
270,
... | p_2897 | Thomas of Woodstock was in command of a large campaign in northern France that followed the War of the Breton Succession of 1343–64. The earlier conflict was marked by the efforts of John IV, Duke of Brittany to secure control of the Duchy of Brittany against his rival Charles of Blois. John was supported in this struggle by the armies of the kingdom of England, whereas Charles was supported by the kingdom of France. At the head of an English army, John prevailed after Charles was killed in battle in 1364, but the French continued to undermine his position, and he was later forced into exile in England. He returned to Brittany in 1379, supported by Breton barons who feared the annexation of Brittany by France. An English army was sent under Woodstock to support his position. Due to concerns about the safety of a longer shipping route to Brittany itself, the army was ferried instead to the English continental stronghold of Calais in July 1380. As Woodstock marched his 5,200 men east of Paris, they were confronted by the army of Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, at Troyes, but the French had learned from the Battle of Crécy in 1346 and the Battle of Poitiers in 1356 not to offer a pitched battle to the English. Eventually, the two armies simply marched away. French defensive operations were then thrown into disarray by the death of King Charles V of France on 16 September 1380. Woodstock's chevauchée continued westwards largely unopposed, and in November 1380 he laid siege to Nantes and its vital bridge over the Loire towards Aquitaine. However, he found himself unable to form an effective stranglehold, and urgent plans were put in place for Sir Thomas Felton to bring 2,000 reinforcements from England. By January, though, it had become apparent that the duke of Brittany was reconciled to the new French king Charles VI, and with the alliance collapsing and dysentery ravaging his men, Woodstock abandoned the siege.
| [
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"answer_value": "2",
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131
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Thomas of Woodstock was in command of a large campaign... |
Gardner Minshew | [
{
"indices": [
61,
79
],
"target": "2019 Kansas City Chiefs season"
},
{
"indices": [
93,
103
],
"target": "Nick Foles"
},
{
"indices": [
623,
637
],
"target": "2019 Houston Texans season"
},
{
"indices": [
773,
789
... | p_2898 | On September 8, 2019, Minshew made his NFL debut against the Kansas City Chiefs when starter Nick Foles was taken out of the game due to a shoulder injury. He completed 22 of 25 passes for 275 yards, two touchdowns and an interception in the 40–26 loss. Minshew's pass completion percentage of 88% is the highest of any player making his debut in NFL history (minimum 15 pass attempts, since at least 1950), and also the highest single-game pass completion percentage in Jaguars history. Minshew was named the starter going forward after it was revealed that Foles had suffered a broken clavicle. During Week 2 against the Houston Texans, Minshew finished with 213 passing yards and a touchdown along with 56 rushing yards as the Jaguars lost 13–12. In Week 3, against the Tennessee Titans on Thursday Night Football, he earned his first victory as a professional. He passed for 204 yards and two touchdowns in the 20–7 victory. In Week 4, against the Denver Broncos, he passed for 213 yards and two touchdowns in the 26–24 victory. Late in the game, he engineered a drive that helped set up the Jaguars' game-winning field goal by Josh Lambo. During Week 5 against the Carolina Panthers, Minshew finished with 374 passing yards and two touchdowns as the Jaguars lost 27–34. After a Week 6 loss to the New Orleans Saints and a Week 7 victory over the Cincinnati Bengals, he had 279 passing yards and three passing touchdowns in a 29–15 victory over the New York Jets. During Week 9 against the Texans at Wembley Stadium, Minshew finished with 309 passing yards and 2 interceptions as the Jaguars lost 3–26. Days later, it was announced that Minshew would resume the backup role after Foles returned from his collar bone injury.
| [
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"answer": {
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"context": [
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"indices": [
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79
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"passage": "main",
"text": "On September 8, 2019, Minshew made his NFL debut against the... |
Quartz clock | [
{
"indices": [
58,
65
],
"target": "Paul-Jacques Curie"
},
{
"indices": [
70,
82
],
"target": "Pierre Curie"
},
{
"indices": [
109,
127
],
"target": "Crystal oscillator"
},
{
"indices": [
141,
155
],
"target"... | p_2899 | The piezoelectric properties of quartz were discovered by Jacques and Pierre Curie in 1880. The first quartz crystal oscillator was built by Walter G. Cady in 1921. In 1923, D. W. Dye at the National Physical Laboratory in the UK and Warren Marrison at Bell Telephone Laboratories produced sequences of precision time signals with quartz oscillators. In 1927, the first quartz clock was built by Warren Marrison and J. W. Horton at Bell Telephone Laboratories. The next 3 decades saw the development of quartz clocks as precision time standards in laboratory settings; the bulky delicate counting electronics, built with vacuum tubes, limited their use elsewhere. In 1932 a quartz clock was able to measure tiny variations in the rotation rate of the Earth over periods as short as a few weeks. In Japan in 1932, Issac Koga developed a crystal cut that gave an oscillation frequency with greatly reduced temperature dependence. The National Bureau of Standards (now NIST) based the time standard of the US on quartz clocks between the 1930s and the 1960s, after which it transitioned to atomic clocks. The wider use of quartz clock technology had to await the development of cheap semiconductor digital logic in the 1960s. The revised 14th edition of Encyclopædia Britannica stated that quartz clocks would probably never be affordable enough to be used domestically.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
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"end": 30,
"passage": "paul-jacques curie",
"start": 12,
"text": "Paul-Jacques Curie"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
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"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"in... |
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