title stringlengths 3 83 | links list | pid stringlengths 3 6 | text stringlengths 549 8.52k | questions list |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Anne Sayre | [
{
"indices": [
48,
57
],
"target": "Milwaukee"
},
{
"indices": [
87,
105
],
"target": "Woodmere, New York"
},
{
"indices": [
127,
144
],
"target": "Radcliffe College"
},
{
"indices": [
154,
170
],
"target": "... | p_3700 | Anne Sayre was "born on a train passing through Milwaukee". She spent her childhood in Woodmere, New York, and was educated at Radcliffe College. But the Second World War prevented her to pursue law, her main ambition. To render her service in the war, she worked in the Radiation Laboratory at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Her job there was managing the supply of special-design transformers. She never really knew what transformers were. She took the job for only a few months, but she met her future husband, David Sayre. (David Sayre was a physics student who also volunteered for war service during his academic break.) They got married in 1947. Married to a scientist, she described herself as "a camp-follower to the scientists". She soon took up writing career, mainly of short stories, of which many were included in the Foley's and the Best American Short Stories collections. In 1949, they moved to England as David Sayre was enrolled for PhD at the University of Oxford to work under Dorothy Hodgkin (a 1964 Nobel laureate). Anne Sayre financially supported most of their financial expenses through her writings. She eventually got appointed as an editor at the Oxford University Press. David received his PhD in 1951, and in September they returned to US. In 1975, Anne revived her ambition to become a lawyer and got enrolled in New York University Law School, from where she graduated with high grades. She devoted her service in legal matters, particularly concerning environment, in Long Island. She initially served as volunteer Legal Aid lawyer in Riverhead. Later, she was appointed justice in the Head of the Harbor, a post she held until illness prompted her to resign in 1996. Since the late 1980s she had suffered from pneumonia and the complications of scleroderma, a rare form of rheumatism. She died on March 13, 1998 in a hospital near her home in Bridgewater Township, New Jersey, and was survived by her husband.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 84,
"passage": "milwaukee",
"start": 74,
"text": "Wisconsin "
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Ximing Temple | [
{
"indices": [
40,
48
],
"target": "Chang'an"
},
{
"indices": [
69,
81
],
"target": "Tang dynasty"
},
{
"indices": [
124,
129
],
"target": "Xi'an"
},
{
"indices": [
163,
172
],
"target": "Silk Road"
},
{
... | p_3701 | Ximing Temple () was a famous temple in Chang'an, the capital of the Tang dynasty in Chinese history. Chang'an, current day Xi'an, was the eastern terminus of the Silk Road, and a cosmopolitan metropolis. Ximing was established by Tang Gaozong in 656. It was at Ximing that pilgrim and traveller Xuanzang (602-664) had translated the scriptures he had brought back from India. Another traveller Yijing (635-713) also based himself at Ximing while working on translations of Indian scriptures. Indian scholar monk Shubhākarasimha, was responsible for the introduction of the Mahavairocana Sutra and the tantric traditions associated with it. Japanese monk, Kukai studied Sanskrit there under the tutelage of Gandharan pandit Prajñā (734-810?) who had been educated at the Indian Buddhist university at Nalanda. Ximing was celebrated for its library which was the most comprehensive library of Buddhist texts in China at the time. Woncheuk (613–696) (Chinese Yuáncè) was a Korean Buddhist monk, also known as Ximing Fashi (西明法师) after the name of this temple where he did most of his important work.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 126,
"passage": "tang dynasty",
"start": 122,
"text": " 907"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Luke Summerfield | [
{
"indices": [
24,
33
],
"target": "Ivybridge"
},
{
"indices": [
56,
71
],
"target": "Plymouth Argyle F.C."
},
{
"indices": [
156,
170
],
"target": "2004–05 Plymouth Argyle F.C. season"
},
{
"indices": [
193,
207
... | p_3702 | Summerfield was born in Ivybridge, Devon and joined the Plymouth Argyle Centre of Excellence aged 10. He made his first-team debut in the last match of the 2004–05 season, a 0–0 home draw with Leicester City on 8 May 2005, entering the match as a 77th minute substitute for David Worrell. He signed a two-year professional contract with Plymouth on 1 August 2005, before the start of 2005–06. He made two appearances in his first two seasons for Argyle (both as a substitute), once in the league and once in the League Cup. Summerfield made his debut for Argyle, as a substitute, on 8 May 2005, against Leicester City. On his first start for Argyle, against Colchester United in the Championship, on 8 August 2006, during 2006–07, Summerfield scored with a long-range volley. In January 2007, Summerfield was listed at number five in The Guardian's ten best prospects to watch out for in 2007.
| [] |
Benjamin Franklin Gordon | [
{
"indices": [
71,
81
],
"target": "Union Army"
},
{
"indices": [
109,
122
],
"target": "Major general (United States)"
},
{
"indices": [
123,
139
],
"target": "Frederick Steele"
},
{
"indices": [
151,
168
],
... | p_3703 | In March and April 1864, Shelby's men harassed and skirmished with the Union Army force under the command of Major General Frederick Steele during his Camden Expedition, part of the Red River Campaign. Gordon led more than one charge against the Union forces during Steele's march from Little Rock to Camden, Arkansas. On April 25, 1864, Gordon led his regiment at the Battle of Marks' Mills where they captured two Union artillery pieces from the detachment of Union Lieutenant Colonel Francis M. Drake when Shelby's force attacked the Union left wing of the detachment which had been sent from Camden toward Pine Bluff, Arkansas to obtained supplies for Steele's force which was increasingly besieged by gathering Confederate forces at Camden. The Confederates outnumbered the Union force at Marks' Mills by more than 2 to 1 and overwhelmed it, taking about 1,300 prisoners and about 240 wagons. The overall commander of the Confederate cavalry force at Marks' Mills, Brigadier General James Fagan, led the Confederates, including Shelby's command, toward Pine Bluff in an effort to capture the Union supply depot. The Confederates did not make it to Pine Bluff due to flooding. They also did not return fast enough to cut off Steele's return march to Little Rock or to participate in the Battle of Jenkins' Ferry, the one big engagement during the retreat before the Union troops escaped across the swollen Saline River.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "2",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
81
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In March and April 1864, Shelby's men harassed and skirmi... |
Abydos Dynasty | [
{
"indices": [
57,
70
],
"target": "Detlef Franke"
},
{
"indices": [
98,
108
],
"target": "Kim Ryholt"
},
{
"indices": [
174,
187
],
"target": "Wepwawetemsaf"
},
{
"indices": [
189,
197
],
"target": "Wepwawet... | p_3704 | The existence of an Abydos Dynasty was first proposed by Detlef Franke and later elaborated on by Kim Ryholt in 1997. Ryholt observes that two attested kings of this period, Wepwawetemsaf (Wepwawet is his protection) and Pantjeny (He of Thinis), bore names in connection with Abydos: Wepwawet being an important Abydene god and Thinis being a prominent city, located a few miles north of Abydos. Additionally, Wepwawetemsaf, Pantjeny and Snaaib, another king of the period, are each known from single stelae discovered in Abydos, which could be a sign that this was their seat of power. Finally, Ryholt argues that the existence of an Abydos Dynasty would explain 16 entries of the Turin canon at the end of the 16th Dynasty. The Abydos Dynasty may have come into existence in the time lapse between the fall of the 13th Dynasty with the conquest of Memphis by the Hyksos and the southward progression of the Hyksos to Thebes.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": "no",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
70
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The existence of an Abydos Dynasty was first proposed by D... |
Ethiopian Civil War | [
{
"indices": [
4,
8
],
"target": "Derg"
},
{
"indices": [
23,
39
],
"target": "Ethiopian Empire"
},
{
"indices": [
52,
66
],
"target": "Haile Selassie"
},
{
"indices": [
72,
83
],
"target": "Coup d'état"
},... | p_3705 | The Derg overthrew the Ethiopian Empire and Emperor Haile Selassie in a coup d'état on 12 September 1974, establishing Ethiopia as a Marxist-Leninist communist state with itself as a military junta and provisional government. Various left-wing, ethnic, and anti-communist opposition groups supported by the United States began armed resistance to the Soviet-backed Derg, in addition to the Eritrean separatists already fighting in the Eritrean War of Independence. The Derg used military campaigns and the Qey Shibir (Ethiopian Red Terror) to repress the rebels. By the mid-1980s, various issues such as the 1983–1985 famine, economic decline and other after-effects of Derg policies ravaged Ethiopia, increasing popular support for the rebels. The Derg dissolved itself in 1987, establishing the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (PDRE) under the Workers' Party of Ethiopia (WEP) in an attempt to maintain its rule. The Soviet Union ended its support for the PDRE in the late-1980s and the government was overwhelmed by the increasingly victorious rebel groups. In May 1991, the PDRE was defeated in Eritrea and President Mengistu Haile Mariam fled the country. The Ethiopian Civil War ended on 4 June 1991 when the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), a coalition of left-wing ethnic rebel groups, entered the capital Addis Ababa and overthrew the WEP. The PDRE was dissolved and replaced with the Tigray People's Liberation Front-led Transitional Government of Ethiopia.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "58",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
105
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The Derg overthrew the Ethiopian Empire and Emperor Hai... |
Karen Gillan | [
{
"indices": [
26,
34
],
"target": "Amy Pond"
},
{
"indices": [
53,
68
],
"target": "Eleventh Doctor"
},
{
"indices": [
83,
93
],
"target": "Matt Smith (actor)"
},
{
"indices": [
125,
135
],
"target": "Doctor... | p_3706 | Gillan went on to portray Amy Pond, companion to the Eleventh Doctor (portrayed by Matt Smith), on the British sci-fi series Doctor Who. Before cast in the lead role in May 2009, she previously appeared on Doctor Who in Series 4 episode "The Fires of Pompeii" in the role of a soothsayer. She made her first on-screen appearance as Amy in "The Eleventh Hour" with her cousin Caitlin Blackwood portraying a younger version of the same character. In 2010, she won in the Entertainment category at the Young Scot Awards. She appeared in the sixth series in 2011 and the first five episodes of the seventh series in 2012, after which her character and Rory Williams (portrayed by Arthur Darvill) left the series. Gillan reprised her role in the 2013 Christmas special "The Time of the Doctor", to coincide with Smith's departure as the Doctor.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 397,
"passage": "amy pond",
"start": 346,
"text": " (2010) to midway through the seventh series (2012)"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"contex... |
Berkeley Zen Center | [
{
"indices": [
46,
50
],
"target": "Sōtō"
},
{
"indices": [
51,
63
],
"target": "Zen"
},
{
"indices": [
91,
111
],
"target": "Berkeley, California"
},
{
"indices": [
119,
137
],
"target": "Mel Weitsman"
},
... | p_3707 | Berkeley Zen Center (BZC), temple name , is a Sōtō Zen Buddhist practice center located in Berkeley, California led by Sojun Mel Weitsman. An informal affiliate to the San Francisco Zen Center (SFZC), BZC was founded in 1967 by Weitsman and Shunryu Suzuki as a satellite group for the SFZC. Despite founding the center, Weitsman was not installed as abbot there until 1985, one year after receiving Dharma transmission from Hoitsu Suzuki. Weitsman's Dharma heir, Alan Senauke, lives on site with his wife Laurie Senauke (as of 1999) and also works for the Buddhist Peace Fellowship. Another former teacher at BZC was Maylie Scott, who died in 2001. In 1969 Zenkei Blanche Hartman began sitting zazen at BZC, receiving Dharma transmission from Weitsman in 1988. In 1979 the center relocated to its current location on Russell Street—and today houses a small group of residents who live on site.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 257,
"passage": "sōtō",
"start": 241,
"text": "Dòngshān Liánjiè"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Gladys Milligan | [
{
"indices": [
8,
13
],
"target": "LaRue, Ohio"
},
{
"indices": [
15,
19
],
"target": "Ohio"
},
{
"indices": [
43,
68
],
"target": "Western College for Women"
},
{
"indices": [
73,
92
],
"target": "Westminste... | p_3708 | Born in LaRue, Ohio, McMillan attended the Western College for Women and Westminster College in Pennsylvania. She then studied under George Luks and Hans Hofmann and at the Pratt Institute before traveling to Paris for further instruction with André Lhote and at the Fontainebleau School of Art. She is known to have been active in Washington, D.C. at least as early as 1931, continuing her activities there until at least 1967. Beginning in 1931, for over twenty years she taught painting and art history at the National Cathedral School, from which she retired in 1955. Long a member of the Arts Club of Washington, she had one-woman shows there in 1938 and 1947. Other solo shows occurred at George Washington University and at the Studio Gallery in New York City. She also belonged to the Society of Washington Artists, at whose 1932 exhibition she presented an oil titled Taos, New Mexico, and th Washington Water Color Club, and she exhibited with both the National Association of Women Artists and the National Association of Women Painters and Sculptors during her career. An article which she penned about the Society of Washington Artists was published in 1963 by the Columbia Historical Society. Milligan eventually moved to Tryon, North Carolina to join the artists' colony there. She died in Tryon; her body was returned to Ohio for burial, and rests in the Bellefontaine City Cemetery in Bellefontaine.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
20
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Born in LaRue, Ohio,"
}
],
"qid": "q_8565",
... |
Mickey Cochrane | [
{
"indices": [
20,
24
],
"target": "1926 Philadelphia Athletics season"
},
{
"indices": [
131,
157
],
"target": "Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award"
},
{
"indices": [
242,
249
],
"target": "Putout"
},
{
"indices": ... | p_3709 | By the start of the 1926 season, Cochrane was already considered the best catcher in the major leagues. He won the American League Most Valuable Player Award, mostly for his leadership and defensive skills, when he led the American League in putouts and hit .293 along with 10 home runs and 58 runs batted in. Cochrane was a catalyst in the Athletics' pennant-winning years of 1929, 1930 and 1931, during which he hit .331, .357 and .349 respectively. He played in those three World Series, winning the first two, but was sometimes blamed for the loss of the 1931 World Series, when the St. Louis Cardinals, led by Pepper Martin, stole eight bases and the Series. However, in his book The Life of a Baseball Hall of Fame Catcher, author Charlie Bevis cites the Philadelphia pitching staff's carelessness in holding runners as a contributing factor. Notwithstanding this, the blame for the 1931 World Series loss dogged Cochrane for the rest of his life.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
104,
249
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He won the American League Most Valuable Player Award, mo... |
Anti-tank warfare | [
{
"indices": [
12,
20
],
"target": "Cold War"
},
{
"indices": [
41,
53
],
"target": "Soviet Union"
},
{
"indices": [
267,
276
],
"target": "CBRN defense"
},
{
"indices": [
291,
295
],
"target": "NATO"
},
... | p_3710 | Through the Cold War, the United States, Soviet Union and other countries contemplated the possibility of nuclear warfare. While previous technology had developed to protect the crews of armored vehicles from projectiles and from explosive damage; the possibility of radiation arose. In the NATO countries little if any development took place on defining a doctrine of how to use armed forces without the use of tactical nuclear weapons. In the Soviet sphere of influence the legacy doctrine of operational maneuver was being theoretically examined to understand how a tank-led force could be used even with the threat of limited use of nuclear weapons on prospective European battlefields. The Warsaw Pact arrived at the solution of maneuver warfare while massively increasing the number of anti-tank weapons. To achieve this, Soviet military theorists such as Vasily Sokolovsky (1897-1968) realized that anti-tank weapons had to assume an offensive role rather than the traditionally defensive role of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) by becoming more mobile. This led to the development of improved guided anti-tank missiles, though similar design work was being performed in Western Europe and the United States.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 273,
"passage": "cold war",
"start": 269,
"text": "1946"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,... |
Battle of Ganjgal | [
{
"indices": [
58,
76
],
"target": "William D. Swenson"
},
{
"indices": [
108,
122
],
"target": "Medal of Honor"
},
{
"indices": [
141,
154
],
"target": "John R. Allen"
},
{
"indices": [
287,
309
],
"target":... | p_3711 | Due to his actions during the battle, former Army Captain William D. Swenson was recommended to receive the Medal of Honor by Marine General John R. Allen. Having been critical of the officers superior to him during the battle, he left the Army in February 2011. A 2012 investigation by McClatchy News Service concluded that the justification for Meyer's decoration may have been inflated and that the nomination for Swenson's Medal of Honor may have been intentionally lost. Meyer disputes McClatchy's allegations in his book, Into the Fire: A Firsthand Account of the Most Extraordinary Battle in the Afghan War. In August 2012, California Representative Duncan D. Hunter wrote to Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta regarding the Medal of Honor nomination of Swenson, comparing his case to that of Sgt. Rafael Peralta. In January 2013, Representative Hunter said Swenson's nomination had been awaiting President Barack Obama's approval at the White House since at least July 2012. Representative Hunter stated he was considering seeking an inspector general inquiry due to the delay. Swenson was awarded the Medal of Honor on October 15, 2013.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
155
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Due to his actions during the battle, former Army Captain W... |
Jordyn Huitema | [
{
"indices": [
146,
182
],
"target": "2014 CONCACAF Girls' U-15 Championship"
},
{
"indices": [
262,
279
],
"target": "Penalty shoot-out (association football)"
},
{
"indices": [
422,
435
],
"target": "Canada women's national under-17 s... | p_3712 | Huitema made her first junior appearance for Canada with the national under-15 team on August 7, 2014 against Puerto Rico in a 5–0 victory at the CONCACAF Girls Under-15 Championship. The Canadians would go on to win the inaugural edition of the tournament in a penalty shoot-out, with Huitema scoring the winning shoot-out goal. She would go on to make 10 more appearances for the under-15 squad. Huitema's debut for the under-17 team came on March 3, 2016 at the CONCACAF Women's Under-17 Championship in a 3–0 win against Guatemala. Huitema played in the 2016 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup. There, she scored her first goal in FIFA competition in a 3–2 win over Cameroon. She made 7 more appearances for the under-17 team. On July 6, 2017, Huitema made her first appearance for the under-20 team, scoring a goal in a 4–1 win over the United States. After scoring in a 3–1 loss to China in an under 17 match on July 12, 2017, Huitema became the first Canadian to score for the under 17, under 20 and senior national team in the same calendar year. In 2017, she was named the Canada U17 Female Player of the Year for her performances with the U-17, U-20 and senior teams throughout the year. On January 12, 2018, Huitema was named to Canada's squad for the 2018 CONCACAF Women's U-20 Championship in Trinidad & Tobago. In the first game of the tournament, Huitema scored twice in a 3–1 win over Costa Rica. In the second game, Huitema scored a hat-trick in a 4–1 win over hosts Trinidad & Tobago, which clinched Canada's progress into the semi-finals. She would play 66 minutes in a 4–0 victory over Haiti which resulted in Canada winning their group. In the semi-finals against Mexico, Huitema played the full game in a 1–1 draw. Canada would lose the match 4–3 on penalty kicks in which Huitema saw her attempt saved. Canada would require a win over Haiti in the third place match to qualify for the FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup in France later in the year. Canada would lose the match by a score of 1–0 and fail to qualify for the U-20 World Cup. Huitema was the tournament's top scorer with five goals and was named to the Best XI of the championship.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
1048,
1190
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 2017, she was named the Canada U17 Female Player of ... |
Force Publique | [
{
"indices": [
101,
110
],
"target": "British Cameroon"
},
{
"indices": [
115,
133
],
"target": "German East Africa"
},
{
"indices": [
135,
143
],
"target": "Tanzania"
},
{
"indices": [
145,
151
],
"target": ... | p_3713 | During World War I (1914–18) an expanded Force Publique served against German colonial forces in the Camerouns and German East Africa (Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi), as part of the East African Campaign. The Force Publique performed well on the battlefield, winning the respect of their British and Portuguese allies, as well as that of their German opponents. 1916 onwards, the Force Publique grew to reach a strength of three mobile Groupes (brigades), Kivu, Ruzizi, and Tanganyika, comprising a total of 15 battalions, from the static garrison and police force of 1914. However, it did take until late 1915 for the Force Publique to finish preparations for a large scale offensive on the German colony of German East Africa. The allied powers, the British Empire and Belgium launched a coordinated attack on the German colony, by 1916 the Belgian commander of the Force Publique, Lieutenant-General Charles Tombeur, had assembled an army of 15,000 men supported by local bearers and advanced to Kigali. Kigali was taken by 6 May 1916. The German army stationed in Burundi was forced to retreat by the numerical superiority of the Belgian army and by 17 June 1916, Burundi and Rwanda were occupied. The Force Publique and the British Lake Force then started a thrust to capture Tabora, an administrative centre of central German East Africa. The army went on to take Tabora on 19 September after heavy fighting. At the time of the Battle of Tabora in September 1916 about 25,000 men were under arms, during the war their actions were supported by more than 260,000 local bearers. In 1916 Charles Tombeur was made Military Governor of the Belgian Occupied East African Territories. After the Mahenge Offensive and the capture of Mahenge in 1917, the Belgian Congolese army controlled roughly one-third of German East Africa. After the war, as outlined in the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was forced to cede "control" of the Western section of the former German East Africa to Belgium. On 20 October 1924, Ruanda-Urundi (1924–1945), which consisted of modern-day Rwanda and Burundi, became a Belgian League of Nations mandate territory, with Usumbura as its capital.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
133
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "During World War I (1914–18) an expanded Force Publique ser... |
John F. Link | [
{
"indices": [
12,
28
],
"target": "John F. Link Sr."
},
{
"indices": [
118,
141
],
"target": "For Whom the Bell Tolls (film)"
},
{
"indices": [
256,
278
],
"target": "Footprints on the Moon (1969 film)"
},
{
"indices": [
... | p_3714 | His father, John F. Link Sr., was also a film editor, and was also nominated for an Academy Award: for the 1943 film, For Whom the Bell Tolls. Link was one of several assistant editors on the film. That same year he was the sole editor on the documentary, Footprints on the Moon. Both the film and the documentary have his credit as John F. Link Jr., making attribution easy. His next project was another documentary, Say Goodbye in 1971, which was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary (Feature). During the 1970s he worked in both television and film. Notable films he edited during this period include: The King of Marvin Gardens]] (1972), starring Jack Nicholson, Bruce Dern, and Ellen Burstyn; the 1973 cult classic Electra Glide in Blue (which he co-edited with two others); Race with the Devil (1975), starring Peter Fonda and Warren Oates; and the 1976 Jeff Bridges' comedy-drama film, Stay Hungry, which also starred Sally Field and Arnold Schwarzenegger.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
10
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "His father"
}
],
"qid": "q_8576",
"questio... |
Laurence Ferrari | [
{
"indices": [
36,
44
],
"target": "Stringer (journalism)"
},
{
"indices": [
59,
70
],
"target": "News agency"
},
{
"indices": [
72,
75
],
"target": "Agence France-Presse"
},
{
"indices": [
81,
99
],
"target"... | p_3715 | She started her career in 1986 as a stringer at the French news agency, AFP, and Le Figaro Magazine. She also worked at the French language radio station, Europe 1, as a researcher with special responsibility for health policy. She began her television career in 1994 with Michel Drucker in Studio Gabriel on France 2 and thereafter with Jean-Pierre Pernaut in "Combien ça coûte ?" on TF1. In 2001 she co-hosted the TF1 Sunday evening magazine Sept à Huit with her former husband, Thomas Hugues. After her divorce, she moved in 2006 to Canal + to present the channel's weekly political magazine "Dimanche +" where she covered the French presidential election of 2007. In June 2008, she became the new anchor of "Le 20 Heures de TF1" (the flagship TV news programme, which has the highest ratings in Europe), replacing its long-serving anchor Patrick Poivre d'Arvor, and taking over the weekday programme on 25 August 2008.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 1069,
"passage": "patrick poivre d'arvor",
"start": 1065,
"text": "1971"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices"... |
Robert Novak | [
{
"indices": [
21,
29
],
"target": "Democratic Party (United States)"
},
{
"indices": [
86,
94
],
"target": "Centrism"
},
{
"indices": [
182,
197
],
"target": "John F. Kennedy"
},
{
"indices": [
202,
219
],
"... | p_3716 | Novak was registered Democrat, despite his conservative political views. He held more centrist views in his early career, and he supported the Democratic presidential candidacies of John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson, of whom he was a friend. In later years, he said that he maintained his registered Democratic status so he could vote in District of Columbia Democratic primaries where victory would be tantamount to election. He was also close friends with Everett Dirksen. Novak later stated that reading Whittaker Chambers' book Witness changed his views from moderate-to-liberal to a strident anticommunism. Reading Chambers' message as a U.S. Army lieutenant in the Korean War gave him a feeling of moral absolutism in his cause. Novak's views turned further rightward through the 1970s, but Novak remained strongly critical toward Ronald Reagan and his supply side economics in the early 1980s. Novak changed his mind after debating economics with Reagan face to face, and he later wrote that Reagan was one of the very few politicians that he ever respected.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 52,
"passage": "lyndon b. johnson",
"start": 31,
"text": "Lyndon Baines Johnson"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"... |
California Institute of the Arts | [
{
"indices": [
58,
81
],
"target": "Chouinard Art Institute"
},
{
"indices": [
646,
656
],
"target": "Mary Blair"
},
{
"indices": [
658,
671
],
"target": "Maurice Noble"
},
{
"indices": [
688,
700
],
"target"... | p_3717 | CalArts was originally formed in 1961, as a merger of the Chouinard Art Institute (founded 1921) and the Los Angeles Conservatory of Music (founded 1883). Both of the formerly existing institutions were going through financial difficulties around the same time, and the founder of the Art Institute, Nelbert Chouinard, was mortally ill. The professional relationship between Madame Chouinard and Walt Disney began in 1929 when Disney had no money and Madame Chouinard agreed to train Disney's first animators on a pay-later basis. It was through the vision of Disney, who discovered and trained many of his studio artists at Chouinard (including Mary Blair, Maurice Noble and some of the Nine Old Men, among others), that the merger of the two institutions was coordinated; the process continued after his death in 1966. Joining him were his brother Roy O. Disney, Lulu Von Hagen and Thornton Ladd (Ladd & Kelsey, Architects), of the Los Angeles Conservatory of Music. The original board of trustees at CalArts included Harrison Price, Royal Clark, Robert W. Corrigan, Roy E. Disney, Roy O. Disney, film producer Z. Wayne Griffin, H. R. Haldeman, Ralph Hetzel (then vice-president of Motion Picture Association of America), Chuck Jones, Ronald Miller, Millard Sheets, attorney Maynard Toll, attorney Luther Reese Marr, bank executive G. Robert Truex Jr., Jerry Wexler, Meredith Willson, Peter McBean and Scott Newhall (descendants of Henry Newhall); and the wives of Roswell Gilpatric, J. L. Hurschler, Richard R. Von Hagen.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 177,
"passage": "chouinard art institute",
"start": 154,
"text": "Los Angeles, California"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{... |
Saul Perlmutter | [
{
"indices": [
38,
48
],
"target": "Mount Airy, Philadelphia"
},
{
"indices": [
65,
77
],
"target": "Philadelphia"
},
{
"indices": [
107,
117
],
"target": "Germantown, Philadelphia"
},
{
"indices": [
125,
153
],
... | p_3718 | Perlmutter spent his childhood in the Mount Airy neighborhood of Philadelphia. He went to school in nearby Germantown; first Greene Street Friends School for the elementary grades, followed by Germantown Friends School for grades 7 through 12. He graduated with an AB in physics from Harvard magna cum laude in 1981 and received his PhD in physics from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1986. Perlmutter's PhD thesis titled "An Astrometric Search for a Stellar Companion to the Sun" described the development and use of an automated telescope to search for Nemesis candidates under Richard A. Muller. At the same time, he was using this telescope to search for Nemesis and supernovae, which would lead him to his award-winning work in cosmology. Perlmutter attributes the idea for an automated supernova search to Luis Alvarez, a 1968 Nobel laureate, who shared his idea with Perlmutter's research adviser.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 126,
"passage": "mount airy, philadelphia",
"start": 114,
"text": "Pennsylvania"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"... |
D C Jackson | [
{
"indices": [
28,
36
],
"target": "Scottish people"
},
{
"indices": [
37,
47
],
"target": "Playwright"
},
{
"indices": [
116,
128
],
"target": "Tron Theatre"
},
{
"indices": [
132,
139
],
"target": "Glasgow"... | p_3719 | Danielle Craig Jackson is a Scottish playwright, born in 1980. His first full-length play The Wall premiered at the Tron Theatre in Glasgow in 2008. It was produced by Borderline Theatre Company and was nominated for several awards including the Best New Play at the Critics' Awards for Theatre in Scotland and the Saltire Society Scottish First Book of the year. The sequel The Ducky was also produced by Borderline Theatre Company and toured in 2009. In 2010 he finished his Stewarton Trilogy with The Cooking lamb Brae. His play My Romantic History' (which starred Iain Robertson) won a Scotsman Fringe First at the 2010 Edinburgh Festival and sold out its run at the Bush Theatre London. He also took part in the Bush Theatre's 2011 project Sixty Six Books where he contributed a piece based upon a book of the King James Bible. In 2012 Jackson's play The Marriage of Figaro, an adaptation of the stage comedy by Beaumarchais and later opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was premiered at the Royal Lyceum Theatre, Edinburgh. In 2013 Jackson's play Threeway premiered at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe, Edinburgh. In 2014, another of Jackson's work Kill Johnny Glendenning received its premiere at the Lyceum before transferring to Glasgow's Citizens Theatre.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 1135,
"passage": "tron theatre",
"start": 1124,
"text": "10 May 1981"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [... |
Robin Hull | [
{
"indices": [
145,
158
],
"target": "Darren Morgan"
},
{
"indices": [
160,
171
],
"target": "Ken Doherty"
},
{
"indices": [
176,
191
],
"target": "Matthew Stevens"
},
{
"indices": [
234,
247
],
"target": "Ma... | p_3720 | In February 2010 Hull took part in the pro-am Finnish Snooker Challenge, which featured a number of notable professionals. He impressed, beating Darren Morgan, Ken Doherty and Matthew Stevens on the way to the final, where he lost to Mark Williams. This result encouraged Hull to take part in the Q School tournament in 2011 in attempt to qualify for the 2011/2012 main tour, which he did successfully in the first event. Due to lack of sponsorship he only played in a handful of events during the season with his best run coming in qualifying for the UK Championship in November where he beat Lucky Vatnani and Yu Delu, before losing to Peter Lines 4–6. Hull did not enter another tournament after this and finished the season ranked world number 84, outside of the top 64 who retain their places for the 2012/2013 season and therefore did not retain his spot on the main tour. In the 2012/2013 season Hull entered qualifying for the World Championship as an amateur, where he lost in the first round of preliminary qualifying 2–5 to Paul Wykes, despite making a 137 break during the match.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 191,
"passage": "Robin Hull",
"start": 175,
"text": " Matthew Stevens"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": ... |
Karl O'Dwyer | [
{
"indices": [
19,
29
],
"target": "Gaelic football"
},
{
"indices": [
35,
45
],
"target": "Waterville, County Kerry"
},
{
"indices": [
84,
89
],
"target": "Kerry GAA"
},
{
"indices": [
116,
121
],
"target": ... | p_3721 | Karl O'Dwyer was a footballer from Waterville in South Co Kerry. He played with the Kerry team that were shocked by Clare in the final of the 1992 Munster Senior Football Championship. He later played with Kildare and had much success when his father Mick was manager. In 1998 he helped Kildare to their first Leinster Senior Football Championship title since 1956, he later helped his team to a first All Ireland final since 1928 but lost out to Galway on the day. In the semi final Kildare beat O' Dwyers native Kerry. At the end of the year he picked up an All Stars Award at Full Forward. In 2000 he once again helped Kildare to a Leinster title. O'Dwyer retired from inter-county in 2002 following Kildare's defeat to Kerry in the All-Ireland Qualifiers.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 121,
"passage": "waterville, county kerry",
"start": 114,
"text": "Ireland"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indic... |
Craig Simpson | [
{
"indices": [
57,
67
],
"target": "Jamie Salé"
},
{
"indices": [
107,
115
],
"target": "Edmonton"
},
{
"indices": [
186,
198
],
"target": "Battle of the Blades (season 1)"
},
{
"indices": [
206,
209
],
"targ... | p_3722 | On June 21, 2012, Simpson married Canadian figure skater Jamie Salé, whom he had "known for years from the Edmonton skating scene". They had been paired as partners in late 2009 for the first season of the CBC show Battle of the Blades, which they won. Simpson and Salé have one daughter, Samantha Rae Simpson, born on July 7, 2013. Through this marriage, Simpson is also a stepfather to Salé's son Jesse Pelletier (born September 30, 2007), from her first marriage to skating partner David Pelletier. He also has three children from a previous marriage, including son Dillon, who was drafted by the Edmonton Oilers in the 4th round of the 2011 NHL Entry Draft and is currently a defenseman for the Bakersfield Condors.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years old",
"answer_value": "36",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
68
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "On June 21, 2012, Simpson married Canadian figure sk... |
Douglas Beckett | [
{
"indices": [
26,
40
],
"target": "County cricket"
},
{
"indices": [
45,
53
],
"target": "Cheshire County Cricket Club"
},
{
"indices": [
62,
75
],
"target": "Staffordshire County Cricket Club"
},
{
"indices": [
88,
... | p_3723 | Beckett made his debut in county cricket for Cheshire against Staffordshire in the 1978 Minor Counties Championship. He made nine further Minor Counties Championship appearances for the county, the last of which came against Durham in 1979. It was in 1979 that Beckett was selected to play for Minor Counties North in the 1979 Benson & Hedges Cup, making a single List A appearance against Nottinghamshire. The following season he joined Lancashire, making his debut for the county in a List A match against Worcestershire in the 1980 Gillette Cup. He made six further List A appearances for Lancashire, the last of which came against Gloucestershire in the 1981 John Player League. In his seven List A matches for the county, he scored 77 runs at an average of 12.83, with a high score of 30. With the ball, he took 2 wickets at a bowling average of 18.00, with best figures of 2/23. He made no appearances in first-class cricket for Lancashire.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 283,
"passage": "1980 gillette cup",
"start": 254,
"text": "Middlesex County Cricket Club"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{... |
HD 225218 | [
{
"indices": [
53,
66
],
"target": "Constellation"
},
{
"indices": [
70,
79
],
"target": "Andromeda (constellation)"
},
{
"indices": [
122,
132
],
"target": "Giant star"
},
{
"indices": [
140,
162
],
"target"... | p_3724 | HD 225218 is a quadruple star system in the northern constellation of Andromeda. The primary component, HD 225218 A, is a giant star with a stellar classification of B9III, an apparent magnitude of 6.16, and is a candidate Lambda Boötis star. It has a fainter, magnitude 9.65 companion, HD 225218 B, at an angular separation of 5.2″ along a position angle of 171°. The primary itself has been identified as a binary star system through interferometry, with the two components separated by 0.165″. The pair, HD 225218 Aa and Ab, orbit each other with a period of about 70 years and an eccentricity of 0.515. Component B is likewise a spectroscopic binary.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
15,
79
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "quadruple star system in the northern constellation of Andr... |
History of Norway | [
{
"indices": [
2,
45
],
"target": "Legal purge in Norway after World War II"
},
{
"indices": [
88,
95
],
"target": "Treason"
},
{
"indices": [
166,
178
],
"target": "Scandinavism"
},
{
"indices": [
193,
221
],
... | p_3725 | A legal purge took place in Norway after WWII in which 53,000 people were sentenced for treason and 25 were executed. The post-war years saw an increased interest in Scandinavism, resulting in Scandinavian Airlines System in 1946, the Nordic Council in 1952 and the Nordic Passport Union along with the metric system being introduced. Reconstruction after the war gave Norway the highest economic growth in Europe until 1950, partly created through rationing private consumption allowing for higher industrial investments. The Labor Party retained power throughout the period and maintained a policy of public planning. The University of Bergen was created in 1946. The 1950s saw a boom in construction of hydroelectricity and the state built the steel mill Norsk Jernverk and two aluminum works. State banks such as the State Housing Bank, the State Educational Loan Fund and Postbanken allowed for governmental control over private debt. Oslo hosted the 1952 Winter Olympics.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 1744,
"passage": "nordic passport union",
"start": 1740,
"text": "1952"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices":... |
Socialism with Chinese characteristics | [
{
"indices": [
48,
61
],
"target": "Deng Xiaoping"
},
{
"indices": [
320,
344
],
"target": "Communist Party of China"
},
{
"indices": [
392,
401
],
"target": "Communism"
},
{
"indices": [
580,
600
],
"target"... | p_3726 | The term entered common usage during the era of Deng Xiaoping and was largely associated with Deng's overall program of adopting elements of market economics as a means to foster growth using foreign investment and to increase productivity (especially in the countryside where 80% of China's population lived) while the Communist Party of China retained both its formal commitment to achieve communism and its monopoly on political power. In the party's official narrative, socialism with Chinese characteristics is Marxism–Leninism adapted to Chinese conditions and a product of scientific socialism. The theory stipulated that China was in the primary stage of socialism due to its relatively low level of material wealth and needed to engage in economic growth before it pursued a more egalitarian form of socialism, which in turn would lead to a communist society described in Marxist orthodoxy.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
840,
899
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "lead to a communist society described in Marxist orthodox... |
David Jewett Waller Jr. | [
{
"indices": [
51,
74
],
"target": "David Jewett Waller Sr."
},
{
"indices": [
351,
356
],
"target": "Media, Pennsylvania"
},
{
"indices": [
396,
412
],
"target": "Williams College"
},
{
"indices": [
608,
625
],
... | p_3727 | Waller was born on July 17, 1846. His parents were David Jewett Waller Sr. and Julia Ellmaker Waller. He was their fifth child. When young he was educated at Bloomsburg. After that he went to a classical school in a local Primitive Methodist Episcopal Church. When Waller was fourteen he was sent to a school run by Revered Gayley in the community of Media. In 1861, at the age of 15, he went to Williams College's preparatory department. However, due to sickness his education ceased for three years. In 1867, he was among the first people to graduate from the Bloomsburg Literary Institute. Waller went to Lafayette College in the autumn of 1867. He did well there and graduated from there with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1870 and a Master of Arts degree in 1873. From 1870 to 1871 he trained to be and served as a tutor in Latin and Greek. While at Lafayette College he also won the Fowler Prize, a prize of $30 granted for excellence in English philology. Waller attended the Princeton Theological Seminary from 1871 to 1872, then switched to the Union Theological Seminary and graduated from that in 1874. He received an honorary Ph.D from Lafayette College in 1880 and received a Doctor of Divinity degree from Ursinus College in 1892. Juniata College granted Waller an honorary Doctor of Laws degree in 1934.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years old",
"answer_value": "31",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
101
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Waller was born on July 17, 1846. His parents were ... |
Jan Robbe | [
{
"indices": [
99,
106
],
"target": "Psychoacoustics"
},
{
"indices": [
107,
123
],
"target": "Electroacoustic music"
},
{
"indices": [
340,
358
],
"target": "Contact microphone"
},
{
"indices": [
559,
564
],
... | p_3728 | 2003 saw the inception of Erratic, a side-project for abstract, "highly immersive soundscapes" and psycho-/electro-acoustic sound art. The aim of Erratic is to "unify sound with thoughts and imaginary visual landscapes". For most of Erratic's output, Robbe eschews computer-generated beats and rhythms in favour of "exotic instruments" and contact microphone-derived sounds, which are subsequently manipulated using various audio editors. The results often sound organic in nature, with comparisons drawn to mediterranean and oceanic settings, as well as the drone and microsound genres. In 2004 Erratic and ambient artist Hackeronte joined to form Pandemia. On the day of the transit of Venus in 2004, they released the self-described "spacetexture journey" Venus Urania on Entity, in an attempt to capture a fitting sonic environment for the event. The same year, Erratic released Presence on Mirakel Musik; a 50-minute composition of "richly textured" field recordings intended to accompany the listener to sleep. Erratic has also collaborated with music artists Andrey Kiritchenko and fellow Belgian Lina, visual artists Jesper Bentzen and the Farbrausch demogroup, and has released Activation Fields on Entity (2004), The Invisible Landscape on Mystery Sea (2006), and contributed to compilations on Con-v, AntmanuvMicro and Soulseek Records.
| [] |
2018 UCLA Bruins football team | [
{
"indices": [
51,
88
],
"target": "University of California, Los Angeles"
},
{
"indices": [
96,
136
],
"target": "2018 NCAA Division I FBS football season"
},
{
"indices": [
183,
193
],
"target": "Chip Kelly"
},
{
"indices": [
... | p_3729 | The 2018 UCLA Bruins football team represented the University of California, Los Angeles in the 2018 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Bruins were led by first-year head coach Chip Kelly and played their home games at the Rose Bowl. UCLA was a member of the Pac-12 Conference in the South Division. They began the season 0–4 for the first time since 1971, as well as 0–5 for the first time since 1943, before finally winning their first game, in dominating fashion, against Cal. However, despite failing to improve upon their previous season's output of 6 wins and 7 losses and failing to qualify for a bowl game, the Bruins later defeated the USC Trojans to end a three-game losing streak in their crosstown rivalry. The Bruins finished 3–9 overall, their worst record since 1971. They went 3–6 in Pac-12 play, finishing in fifth place in the South Division.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 44,
"passage": "chip kelly",
"start": 24,
"text": "Charles Edward Kelly"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices"... |
History of the concept of creativity | [
{
"indices": [
34,
45
],
"target": "Renaissance"
},
{
"indices": [
200,
215
],
"target": "Marsilio Ficino"
},
{
"indices": [
324,
345
],
"target": "Leon Battista Alberti"
},
{
"indices": [
388,
395
],
"target... | p_3730 | All this changed in modern times. Renaissance men had a sense of their own independence, freedom and creativity, and sought to give voice to this sense of independence and creativity. The philosopher Marsilio Ficino wrote that the artist "thinks up" ("excogitatio") his works; the theoretician of architecture and painting, Leon Battista Alberti, that he "preordains" ("preordinazione"); Raphael, that he shapes a painting according to his idea; Leonardo da Vinci, that he employs "shapes that do not exist in nature"; Michelangelo, that the artist realizes his vision rather than imitating nature; Giorgio Vasari, that "nature is conquered by art"; the Venetian art theoretician, Paolo Pino, that painting is "inventing what is not"; Paolo Veronese, that painters avail themselves of the same liberties as do poets and madmen; Federico Zuccari (1542–1609), that the artist shapes "a new world, new paradises"; Cesare Cesariano (1483–1541), that architects are "demi-gods." Among musicians, the Flemish composer and musicologist Johannes Tinctoris (1446–1511) demanded novelty in what a composer did, and defined a composer as "one who produces new songs."
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 625,
"passage": "marsilio ficino",
"start": 609,
"text": "Figline Valdarno"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indic... |
No Cities to Love | [
{
"indices": [
63,
73
],
"target": "Metacritic"
},
{
"indices": [
91,
101
],
"target": "Standard score"
},
{
"indices": [
218,
235
],
"target": "Los Angeles Times"
},
{
"indices": [
301,
312
],
"target": "Jon... | p_3731 | No Cities to Love was met with widespread critical acclaim. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, it received an average score of 90, based on 39 reviews. Los Angeles Times critic Randall Roberts said "the work commands attention", while Jon Pareles from The New York Times said it was "the first great album of 2015", full of "hurtling, bristling, densely packed, white-knuckled songs that are all taut construction and raw nerve". Robert Christgau gave the record an "A" and felt it may be Sleater-Kinney's best record, while writing in Cuepoint: "Honed back down to punky three-minute songs because the leisure to stretch out is a luxury they can’t presently afford, the music carries the seed of tumult to come, the sense that something or everything could explode without notice just the way this album did." In The Observer, Kitty Empire said the band had executed "pretty much the most perfect comeback of recent years" and sounded "exactly as taut and emotive as they used to." Writing with high praise for Exclaim!, Chris Bilton called the record "a thoroughly raging collection of post-punk anthems that nudges up the powerful perfection of 2005's The Woods at least another notch." Music journalist Graham Reid said it had "all the stabbing energy of Gang of Four, the blazing passion of Siouxsie Sioux and the drama of Hole at their (rare) best". In an interview for Rolling Stone, musician St. Vincent said it was her favorite Sleater-Kinney record so far and "a crowning jewel in their legacy".
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 70,
"passage": "gang of four (band)",
"start": 60,
"text": " post-punk"
},
{
"end": 227,
"passage": "siouxsie sioux",
"start": 211,
"text": "alternative rock"
... |
Glutinous rice | [
{
"indices": [
41,
45
],
"target": "Laos"
},
{
"indices": [
51,
62
],
"target": "Lao cuisine"
},
{
"indices": [
374,
378
],
"target": "Laos"
},
{
"indices": [
543,
546
],
"target": "Lao language"
},
{
... | p_3732 | Glutinous rice is the main rice eaten in Laos (see Lao cuisine), the Lao eat more sticky rice than any other people in the world. Sticky rice is considered the essence of what it means to be Lao. It has been said that no matter where they are in the world, sticky rice will always be the glue that holds the Lao communities together, connecting them to their culture and to Laos. Often the Lao will refer to themselves as "luk khao niao", which can be translated as "children or descendants of sticky rice". Sticky rice is known as khao niao (Lao:ເຂົ້າໜຽວ): "khao" means rice, and "niao" means sticky. It is cooked by soaking for several hours and then steaming in a bamboo basket or houat (Lao: ຫວດ). After that, it should be turned out on a clean surface and kneaded with a wooden paddle to release the steam; this results in rice balls that will stick to themselves but not to fingers. The large rice ball is kept in a small basket made of bamboo or thip khao (Lao:ຕິບເຂົ້າ). The rice is sticky but dry, rather than wet and gummy like non-glutinous varieties. Laotians consume glutinous rice as part of their main diet; they also use toasted glutinous rice khao khoua (Lao:ເຂົ້າຄົ່ວ) to add a nut-like flavor to many dishes. A popular Lao meal is a combination of Larb (Lao:ລາບ), Lao grilled chicken ping gai (Lao:ປີ້ງໄກ່), spicy green papaya salad dish known as tam mak hoong (Lao:ຕຳໝາກຫູ່ງ), and sticky rice (khao niao).
| [] |
Rajcza | [
{
"indices": [
100,
118
],
"target": "Kraków Voivodeship"
},
{
"indices": [
127,
159
],
"target": "Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth"
},
{
"indices": [
199,
219
],
"target": "Constance of Austria"
},
{
"indices": [
238,
... | p_3733 | The village of Rajcza was founded in the first half of the 17th century, when this area belonged to Kraków Voivodeship, of the Polish - Lithuanian Commonwealth. At that time Rajcza belonged to Queen Constance of Austria, the wife of King Sigismund III Vasa, part of her folwark with main center located at Węgierska Górka. Following the Partitions of Poland Rajcza, together with southwestern Lesser Poland, became annexed by the Austrian Empire (1772). In 1843, iron manufacture was opened here, and 1854-1894, the owner of the village, Teodor Primavesi, remodeled a local palace, establishing a park around it. In 1884 Rajcza got rail connection with Żywiec and Cadca, and 10 years later, the village was purchased by the Lubomirski family, who expanded the palace. In 1914, Rajcza was bought by Żywiec branch of the Habsburgs. In 1880 the village had 2,037 inhabitants, with 140 Jews, and 25 Germans.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "22",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
161,
256
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "At that time Rajcza belonged to Queen Constance of Au... |
Gabriel de Gramont | [
{
"indices": [
35,
54
],
"target": "Francis I of France"
},
{
"indices": [
79,
107
],
"target": "Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bordeaux"
},
{
"indices": [
136,
151
],
"target": "Louise of Savoy"
},
{
"indices": [
175,
... | p_3734 | He was maître des suppliques under Francis I of France. He was promoted to the metropolitan see of Bordeaux. In 1525, the queen regent, Louise of Savoy sent Bishop Gramont to Spain to secure the freedom of Francis I. In 1526, he was imprisoned by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, who was angry at his role in founding the League of Cognac; when England and France arrested the imperial ambassadors, the emperor ordered Bishop Gramont released. Returning to the Kingdom of France, he was despatched to the Kingdom of England in an attempt to encourage Henry VIII of England to divorce Catherine of Aragon and form a French alliance by marrying Marguerite de Navarre, the widow of the king's brother Charles IV, Duke of Alençon. He was then sent as French ambassador to the Holy See.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "10",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
109,
216
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 1525, the queen regent, Louise of Savoy sent Bisho... |
Tropical Storm Edouard (2008) | [
{
"indices": [
21,
27
],
"target": "Trough (meteorology)"
},
{
"indices": [
49,
63
],
"target": "Gulf of Mexico"
},
{
"indices": [
106,
127
],
"target": "Apalachicola, Florida"
},
{
"indices": [
237,
258
],
"... | p_3735 | On August 2, 2008, a trough entered the northern Gulf of Mexico, with a low pressure area developing near Apalachicola, Florida. The system maintained scattered deep convection across offshore waters and environmental conditions favored tropical cyclogenesis. The system tracked generally west-southwestward, due to its position south of a subtropical ridge extending from Texas through Florida. On the afternoon of August 3, a Hurricane Hunters flight into the system confirmed the development of a well-defined center of circulation, slightly exposed from a disorganized area of thunderstorms. As a result, the system developed into Tropical Depression Five at 1200 UTC on August 3, while located about 85 miles (140 km) south of the mouth of the Mississippi River. Because the depression was initially located in an area of northerly wind shear and dry air, the National Hurricane Center forecast it to slowly intensify.
| [] |
Bristol Channel | [
{
"indices": [
114,
120
],
"target": "Exmoor"
},
{
"indices": [
125,
137
],
"target": "Bideford Bay"
},
{
"indices": [
141,
152
],
"target": "North Devon"
},
{
"indices": [
161,
178
],
"target": "Vale of Glam... | p_3736 | The Bristol Channel has some extensive and popular beaches and spectacular scenery, particularly on the coasts of Exmoor and Bideford Bay in North Devon and the Vale of Glamorgan and Gower Peninsula on the Glamorgan coast. The western stretch of Exmoor boasts Hangman cliffs, the highest cliffs in mainland Britain, culminating near Combe Martin in the "Great Hangman", a 1,043 ft (318 m) 'hog-backed' hill with a cliff-face of 820 ft (250 m); its sister cliff the "Little Hangman" has a cliff-face of 716 ft (218 m). On the Gower Peninsula, at its western extremity is the Worms Head, a headland of carboniferous limestone which is approachable on foot at low tide only. The beaches of Gower (at Rhossili, for example) and North Devon, such as Croyde and Woolacombe, win awards for their water quality and setting, as well as being renowned for surfing. In 2004, The Times "Travel" magazine selected Barafundle Bay in Pembrokeshire as one of the twelve best beaches in the world. In 2007, Oxwich Bay made the same magazine's Top 12 best beaches in the world list, and was also selected as Britain's best beach for 2007.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": "yes",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
855,
915
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 2004, The Times \"Travel\" magazine selected Barafu... |
Repartition of Ireland | [
{
"indices": [
54,
66
],
"target": "The Troubles"
},
{
"indices": [
81,
93
],
"target": "Conservative Party (UK)"
},
{
"indices": [
97,
113
],
"target": "Julian Critchley"
},
{
"indices": [
143,
152
],
"targe... | p_3737 | Repartition resurfaced as an option with the start of the Troubles. In 1972, the Conservative MP Julian Critchley published a pamphlet for the Bow Group advocating repartition, titled Ireland: A New Partition. Civil servants in London prepared a "last-ditch" plan in 1974, for possible use in the event of a full-scale civil war, which would have seen Roman Catholic inhabitants of the northeast forcibly moved to Fermanagh, southern Londonderry, Tyrone, South Armagh and South Down. Protestant inhabitants of those areas would have been moved into North Down, Antrim, Northern Londonderry and North Armagh. The nationalist areas would then have been ceded to the Republic of Ireland. An alternative plan simply involved "moving individual Catholics from their homes in Northern Ireland to new homes in the Republic". The plan was kept secret at the time and was revealed in 2002. In a 2006 essay, Garret FitzGerald, the Republic's Foreign Minister in 1974, revealed his government's opinions on repartition or a complete British withdrawal.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 18489,
"passage": "garret fitzgerald",
"start": 18485,
"text": "1992"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [... |
Yorta Yorta language | [
{
"indices": [
11,
29
],
"target": "The Sapphires: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack"
},
{
"indices": [
57,
71
],
"target": "Jessica Mauboy"
},
{
"indices": [
95,
108
],
"target": "The Sapphires: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack"
}... | p_3738 | The track "Ngarra Burra Ferra" sung by indigenous artist Jessica Mauboy from the 2012 hit film The Sapphires is a song based on the traditional Aboriginal hymn "Bura Fera." The song is in the Yorta Yorta language and speaks of the Lord God's help in decimating a Pharaoh's armies. The chorus, Ngara burra ferra yumini yala yala, translates into English as "The Lord God drowned all Pharaoh's armies, hallelujah!" These lyrics are based on an ancient song in Jewish tradition known as the “Song of the Sea” or “Miriam’s Song”, as it was composed and sung by Miriam, older sister of the prophet Moses. It can be found in Exodus 15, especially verse 4, “Pharaoh’s chariots and his host hath he cast into the sea: his chosen captains also are drowned in the Red sea." Aboriginal communities of Victoria and southern New South Wales may be the only people in the world who still sing the piece (in Yorta Yorta).
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 68,
"passage": "jessica mauboy",
"start": 55,
"text": "4 August 1989"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [... |
Jacques Rivette filmography | [
{
"indices": [
0,
15
],
"target": "Jacques Rivette"
},
{
"indices": [
64,
77
],
"target": "Film director"
},
{
"indices": [
79,
91
],
"target": "Screenwriter"
},
{
"indices": [
176,
191
],
"target": "Joan the... | p_3739 | Jacques Rivette (; 1 March 1928 – 29 January 2016) was a French film director, screenwriter and film critic. He wrote and directed twenty feature films, including the two-part Joan the Maiden, eight short films and a three-part television documentary. He also acted in small roles and participated in documentaries. After making his first short film, Aux quatre coins, in his hometown of Rouen, Rivette moved to Paris in 1949 to pursue a career in filmmaking. While attending film screenings at Henri Langlois' Cinémathèque Française and other ciné-clubs he gradually befriended many future members of the French New Wave, including François Truffaut, Jean-Luc Godard, Éric Rohmer and Claude Chabrol. Rivette's association with this group of young cinephiles led to the start of both his filmmaking career and his work in film criticism. In collaboration with his new friends, Rivette made two more short films and worked as a cinematographer and editor on films by Rohmer and Truffaut. He also worked in small roles and as an assistant director to Jean Renoir on French Cancan and Jacques Becker on Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves. During this period he began writing film criticism for the magazine Gazette du Cinéma and later Cahiers du Cinéma, and was one of the most respected writers by his peers.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 4582,
"passage": "jacques rivette",
"start": 4574,
"text": "Sorbonne"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [... |
Cody Asche | [
{
"indices": [
35,
56
],
"target": "St. Charles, Missouri"
},
{
"indices": [
315,
344
],
"target": "Fort Zumwalt West High School"
},
{
"indices": [
348,
366
],
"target": "O'Fallon, Missouri"
},
{
"indices": [
422,
4... | p_3740 | Asche was born on June 30, 1990 in St. Charles, Missouri to Todd and Julie Asche; he has a brother named Tyler. He grew up playing baseball, which he started playing with his father and brother in the yard around age five, and football, but he quit playing football in his freshman year of high school. He attended Fort Zumwalt West High School in O'Fallon, Missouri. Playing for the school's baseball team, he had a .425 batting average across his career and batted .512 in his senior season. He then enrolled at the University of Nebraska, where he played college baseball for the Nebraska Cornhuskers. In 2011, Asche's junior year, he had a .327 batting average. His 12 home runs led the Big 12 Conference, while his 56 runs batted in (RBIs) placed him second in the conference. He was named a second-team All-American. While at Nebraska, he majored in economics and maintained a grade point average (GPA) of 3.407. Because of his strong grades, he earned placement on the Big 12 Conference Commissioner's Honor Roll, a distinction bestowed upon student-athletes that achieve a GPA of 3.0 or greater, for five of his college semesters.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
56
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Asche was born on June 30, 1990 in St. Charles, Missouri"
... |
William Holmes (British Army officer) | [
{
"indices": [
23,
39
],
"target": "Gresham's School"
},
{
"indices": [
41,
45
],
"target": "Holt, Norfolk"
},
{
"indices": [
55,
88
],
"target": "Royal Military College, Sandhurst"
},
{
"indices": [
133,
145
],
... | p_3741 | Holmes was educated at Gresham's School, Holt, and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. Upon graduating from Sandhurst, Holmes was commissioned as a second lieutenant into the Royal Welsh Fusiliers on 11 October 1911. He served with his regiment, mainly the 1st Battalion, throughout the First World War, during which he was mentioned in despatches four times and received the DSO and bar, and the Italian Silver Medal of Military Valor, commanding his regiment's 1st Battalion on the Italian Front from 1917 to 1918. He received rapid promotion during the war, being promoted to captain in December 1914, temporary major in May 1916, and ending as an acting lieutenant colonel, to which he was promoted on 10 December 1918, making him, at the age of just 26, one of the youngest of his rank in the British Army.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
89
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Holmes was educated at Gresham's School, Holt, and the Royal... |
Thomas Cartwright (politician) | [
{
"indices": [
21,
53
],
"target": "High Sheriff of Northamptonshire"
},
{
"indices": [
82,
102
],
"target": "Member of parliament"
},
{
"indices": [
107,
123
],
"target": "Northamptonshire (UK Parliament constituency)"
},
{
"in... | p_3742 | Cartwright served as High Sheriff of Northamptonshire in 1693. He was returned as Member of Parliament for Northamptonshire in an expensive contest at the 1695 English general election. Lord Charles Spencer was a Whig candidate, but fortunately his father Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland baulked at the required expenditure. Cartwright was then defeated at the 1698 English general election. He served as High Sheriff of Oxfordshire in 1699. He did not stand at the first general election of 1701 but in the second general election of 1701 he was returned after accepting a pact with Sir Justinian Isham, 4th Baronet that he had previously declined. He voted on 26 February 1702 for the resolution to vindicate the Commons’ proceedings in the impeaching the King’s ministers. He was returned again at the 1702 English general election but was absent from the House for some time because he had sprained his foot badly in a hunting accident. He was absent at the division on the Tack and was subsequently listed as a sneaker. At the 1705 English general election he was returned in a contest again with Isham. He voted against the Court candidate for Speaker. He was returned unopposed at the 1708 British general election but was not an active Member. He voted against the impeachment of Dr Sacheverell in 1710. He was returned unopposed again at the 1710 British general election and was listed as one of the ‘worthy patriots’ who approved the exposure of the previous ministry’s mismanagements, and as a ‘Tory patriot’ who voted for peace in 1711 . He also became a member of the October Club.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
332,
398
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Cartwright was then defeated at the 1698 English general ... |
Bo Gentry | [
{
"indices": [
19,
32
],
"target": "New York City"
},
{
"indices": [
96,
114
],
"target": "Kama Sutra Records"
},
{
"indices": [
182,
192
],
"target": "Artie Ripp"
},
{
"indices": [
240,
255
],
"target": "Rit... | p_3743 | Gentry was born in New York City. In the early 1960s, he worked as a songwriter and producer at Kama Sutra Records. After leaving the company following a disagreement with its owner Artie Ripp, he had successes as a songwriter working with Ritchie Cordell. These included "I Think We're Alone Now" (written with Cordell, though Gentry was not credited as co-writer because he was still contracted to Kama Sutra); "Mirage" (co-written with Cordell), "Mony Mony" (co-written with Cordell, Bobby Bloom, and Tommy James) and "Indian Giver" (co-written with Cordell and Bloom), a hit for the 1910 Fruitgum Company. With Cordell he co-produced (and according to some credits co-wrote) Tommy James and the Shondells' hit version of "I Think We're Alone Now", and the album of the same name. He recorded several singles with Cordell in the late 1960s. Gentry also co-wrote (with Kenny Laguna and Paul Naumann) the UK instrumental hit "Groovin' With Mr. Bloe", and (with Tony Lordi) Gene Pitney's "Shady Lady". "Mony Mony" was also a US number one hit in 1987 for Billy Idol.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 71,
"passage": "kama sutra records",
"start": 66,
"text": "1964 "
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Emmy Rossum | [
{
"indices": [
28,
36
],
"target": "Poseidon (film)"
},
{
"indices": [
38,
55
],
"target": "Wolfgang Petersen"
},
{
"indices": [
86,
108
],
"target": "The Poseidon Adventure (1972 film)"
},
{
"indices": [
154,
166
... | p_3744 | In 2006, Rossum appeared in Poseidon, Wolfgang Petersen's remake of the disaster film The Poseidon Adventure. She played Jennifer Ramsey, the daughter of Kurt Russell's character. Rossum described the character as being proactive and strong in all situations, rather than a damsel in distress. Rossum also appeared as Juliet Capulet in a 2006 Williamstown Theatre Festival production of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. In early 2009, Rossum appeared in Dragonball Evolution. Her next big screen venture was the indie Dare which was an official selection of the 2009 Sundance Film Festival. In November 2009, Rossum appeared in Broadway's 24 Hour Plays in which actors, writers, and directors collaborate to produce, and perform six one-act plays within 24 hours to benefit the Urban Arts Partnership. Rossum appeared in Warren Leight's "Daily Bread", directed by Lucie Tiberghien.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 2088,
"passage": "kurt russell",
"start": 2084,
"text": "1962"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
David Ewen Bartholomew | [
{
"indices": [
27,
42
],
"target": "West Lothian"
},
{
"indices": [
79,
92
],
"target": "Merchant navy"
},
{
"indices": [
166,
176
],
"target": "Baltic Sea"
},
{
"indices": [
185,
196
],
"target": "West Indie... | p_3745 | Born into a poor family in Linlithgowshire in Scotland, Bartholomew joined the Merchant Navy at a young age and became a highly experienced sailor, travelling to the Baltic Sea and the West Indies, working on hired merchant ships during campaigns against French islands there at the outbreak of the French Revolutionary Wars. He later served on Greenland whalers, but in 1795 was seized by a press gang at Wapping and forcibly recruited into the Royal Navy. Due a superior education (although where he obtained this education is unknown), Bartholomew was rapidly promoted to midshipman, serving in numerous theatres and becoming a favourite of Admiral Sir Home Riggs Popham. Bartholomew was present at the surrender of the Dutch fleet in 1799, on HMS Romney in the East Indies and in 1802 was in charge of the ship's chronometers during a voyage to the Red Sea. The Peace of Amiens in the same year saw a reduction in the Navy and Bartholomew was placed in reserve.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
26
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Born into a poor family in"
}
],
"qid": "q_864... |
People's Salvation Cathedral | [
{
"indices": [
61,
89
],
"target": "Romanian War of Independence"
},
{
"indices": [
139,
146
],
"target": "Russian Empire"
},
{
"indices": [
151,
158
],
"target": "Ottoman Empire"
},
{
"indices": [
211,
230
],
... | p_3746 | The idea of a national cathedral first emerged following the Romanian War of Independence (1877–1878), which was mainly fought between the Russian and Ottoman Empires. The church was to symbolise the victory of Orthodox Christians over the Ottoman Muslims. The idea was shelved for lack of consensus on design, location and funding. The Unification of the Romanian Principalities in 1859, entailed a unitary organization of church structures in Moldavia and Wallachia within the Holy Synod (1872), thus the assembly of hierarchs increased to 12 members, including: the Primate Metropolitan (chairman), the Metropolitan of Moldavia and their suffragan bishops of Râmnic, Buzău, Argeș, Roman, Huși and Lower Danube (Galați) and one auxiliary vicar-bishop for every diocese. The old Metropolitan Cathedral had proved overcrowded, especially during the national holidays, such as the Proclamation of the Kingdom of Romania and the crowning of the First King Carol I (10 May 1881), when none of the over one hundred churches in Bucharest were able to receive those who would have wanted to participate in the official service. Therefore, at King Carol I's desire, Romania's Assembly of Deputies and the Senate voted in favour of the Law no.1750 on the construction of the Cathedral Church in Bucharest, promulgated by King Carol I on 5 June 1884.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "38",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
57,
101
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "the Romanian War of Independence (1877–1878)"
},... |
List of Sanrio characters | [
{
"indices": [
180,
189
],
"target": "Trademark"
},
{
"indices": [
321,
327
],
"target": "UNICEF"
},
{
"indices": [
432,
444
],
"target": "Mariah Carey"
},
{
"indices": [
565,
581
],
"target": "Department sto... | p_3747 | is the best-known of Sanrio's fictional characters, created in 1974. Hello Kitty is drawn simply with a trademark red bow. Registered in 1975, Hello Kitty is now a globally known trademark. Hello Kitty has been marketed in the United States from the beginning and has held the position of U.S. children's ambassador for UNICEF since 1983. The brand rose to greater prominence during the late 1990s when several celebrities such as Mariah Carey adopted Hello Kitty as a fashion statement. New products featuring the character can be found in virtually any American department store and Hello Kitty was once featured in an advertising campaign of the retail chain Target. The character got her first Massively Multiplayer Online Game produced by Sanrio Digital and Typhoon Games entitled Hello Kitty Online which was released worldwide, including the United States, Singapore, Indonesia and the Philippines.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 67741,
"passage": "mariah carey",
"start": 67707,
"text": " \"All I Want for Christmas Is You\""
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
... |
Shirley Gorelick | [
{
"indices": [
24,
32
],
"target": "Brooklyn"
},
{
"indices": [
34,
42
],
"target": "New York (state)"
},
{
"indices": [
57,
84
],
"target": "Abraham Lincoln High School (Brooklyn)"
},
{
"indices": [
99,
110
],
... | p_3748 | Born Shirley Fishman in Brooklyn, New York, she attended Abraham Lincoln High School. Her teacher, Leon Friend, arranged for guest lectures by commercial and fine artists. Shirley Fishman had the opportunity to study with three of them: Chaim Gross, Moses Soyer, and Raphael Soyer. Gross influenced her early sculptural work, which features squat figures with thick limbs. While attending Brooklyn College, where she earned her B.A. in 1944, she met Leonard Gorelick (1922–2011), a fellow student. They married in 1944 and shared an enthusiasm for art and culture. Leonard Gorelick was an orthodontist and later a collector of cylinder seals. He combined his interests by investigating the authenticity of cylinder seals through the use of dental technology, especially electronmicroscopy. Shirley Gorelick earned an M.A. at Teachers College, Columbia University in 1947. That year, she studied for several weeks with Hans Hofmann in Provincetown. For a short time in the late 1950s, she was a student of the painter Betty Holliday and, in the early 1960s, learned printmaking in the Long Island studio of Ruth Leaf.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
373,
440
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "While attending Brooklyn College, where she earned her B.... |
Grand Duchy of Oldenburg | [
{
"indices": [
9,
33
],
"target": "Christian VII of Denmark"
},
{
"indices": [
46,
55
],
"target": "Oldenburg"
},
{
"indices": [
59,
78
],
"target": "Catherine the Great"
},
{
"indices": [
112,
116
],
"target... | p_3749 | In 1773, Christian VII of Denmark surrendered Oldenburg to Catherine the Great in exchange for her son and heir Paul's share in the condominial royal-ducal government of the Duchy of Holstein and his claims to the ducal share in the government of the Duchy of Schleswig; Oldenburg went to Frederick August, Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Lübeck, the representative of a younger branch of the family, and in 1777 the county was raised to the rank of a duchy. The duke's son William, who succeeded his father in 1785, was a man of weak intellect, and his cousin Peter, Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Lübeck, acted as regent and eventually, in 1823, inherited the throne, holding the Prince-Bishopric of Lübeck and Oldenburg in personal union.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "7",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
78
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 1773, Christian VII of Denmark surrendered Oldenburg t... |
St Nicholas Church, Buckenham | [
{
"indices": [
30,
35
],
"target": "Flint"
},
{
"indices": [
47,
59
],
"target": "Conglomerate (geology)"
},
{
"indices": [
79,
88
],
"target": "Limestone"
},
{
"indices": [
144,
148
],
"target": "Nave"
},
... | p_3750 | St Nicholas is constructed in flint, with some conglomerate and brick, and has limestone dressings. The roofs are tiled. Its plan consists of a nave, a chancel with a north vestry (previously a porch), and a west tower. The tower is wholly octagonal. In each face of the upper stage of the tower is a lancet, and there is another lancet on the west side at a lower level. The parapet is battlemented. The tower has a west doorway in Norman style, which has possibly been re-set from elsewhere in the church. It has scalloped capitals, and zig-zag decoration on the arch. Inside the upper part of the tower is a 17th-century dovecote lined with brick nesting boxes. On the south side, between the tower and the nave, is a brick stair turret. The nave windows have two lights with Decorated tracery. Between the windows on the south side is another Norman doorway, again with zig-zag decoration. The north and south walls of the chancel have two-light windows with Y-tracery, and three-light windows with Perpendicular tracery. The east window has five lights. The east gable is decorated with grotesque carvings, and above the east window is head-corbel and a blocked niche. The vestry has two-light north and south windows. In the north wall of the nave is an Early English doorway, with dog-tooth ornament. Around the church are stepped buttresses.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
99
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "St Nicholas is constructed in flint, with some conglomerate ... |
List of Notre Dame Fighting Irish head football coaches | [
{
"indices": [
139,
163
],
"target": "University of Notre Dame"
},
{
"indices": [
176,
195
],
"target": "South Bend, Indiana"
},
{
"indices": [
236,
247
],
"target": "NCAA Division I FBS independent schools"
},
{
"indices": [
... | p_3751 | This is a list of Notre Dame Fighting Irish football head coaches. The Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team is the football team of the University of Notre Dame, located in South Bend, Indiana, United States. The team competes as an Independent at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision level. Notre Dame has produced more All-Americans than any other Football Bowl Subdivision school. Additionally, seven Fighting Irish football players have won the Heisman Trophy. Notre Dame is one of only two Catholic universities that field a team in the Football Bowl Subdivision, the other being Boston College, and one of a handful of programs independent of a football conference. The team plays its home games on Notre Dame's campus at Notre Dame Stadium, also known as the "House that Rockne Built", which has a capacity of 80,795. The head coach is Brian Kelly.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 249,
"passage": "south bend, indiana",
"start": 241,
"text": "101,168 "
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices":... |
Harry Farr | [
{
"indices": [
105,
128
],
"target": "West Yorkshire Regiment"
},
{
"indices": [
144,
165
],
"target": "6th (United Kingdom) Division"
},
{
"indices": [
195,
214
],
"target": "Battle of the Somme"
},
{
"indices": [
953,
... | p_3752 | Despite this, Farr was discharged from hospital and sent back to the front with the 1st Battalion of the West Yorkshire Regiment, a part of the 6th Infantry Division, with which he fought in the Battle of the Somme. Farr reported himself to the medical station several times over the following months. In April 1916, he was kept at the medical station for a fortnight due to his state. On 22 July 1916 he spent the night at a medical station and was discharged for duty the following morning. On 17 September 1916 he again attempted to seek the help of a medical orderly, but was refused as he was not physically wounded and the aid station was dealing with a high number of battle casualties. Farr reported for duty at the transport lines at 8 P.M. that evening, but went missing shortly afterwards. Upon being found at 11 P.M., he refused to return to the front line. He was subsequently arrested for disobeying orders, and on 1 October 1916 tried by court martial at Ville-sur-Ancre. He had to defend himself against the formal accusation of 'misbehaving before the enemy in such a manner as to show cowardice'. The Divisional court martial, presided over by Lieutenant-Colonel Frederick Spring, the Commanding Officer of the 11th (Service) Battalion of the Essex Regiment, lasted 20 minutes, and questions have subsequently been raised about its competence. The hearing found Farr guilty and sentenced him to death. General Sir Douglas Haig, as the Commander-in-Chief of the British Expeditionary Force subsequently confirmed the execution order, and Farr was shot by a firing squad made up from men of his own regiment at 6.00 A.M. on 18 October 1916, near Carnoy on the Somme. His family have always argued that he was suffering from shell shock at the time.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
870,
986
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He was subsequently arrested for disobeying orders, and o... |
Tobacco (Last Week Tonight) | [
{
"indices": [
48,
64
],
"target": "Tobacco industry"
},
{
"indices": [
83,
94
],
"target": "John Oliver"
},
{
"indices": [
146,
163
],
"target": "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver"
},
{
"indices": [
210,
225
],... | p_3753 | "Tobacco", an eighteen-minute segment about the tobacco industry, was delivered by John Oliver on February 15, 2015, during the second episode of Last Week Tonight second season. Oliver introduces the topic of tobacco smoking by showing video clips of "trusted newsmen, cartoon characters, and cowboys in TV commercials" who are smoking cigarettes. He says that the cowboy in the clip is Marlboro Man, a figure used in advertising campaigns for Marlboro cigarettes, and notes that four of the actors portraying Marlboro Man have died from lung cancer or smoking-related illnesses. Oliver says that cigarette smoking is no longer as prevalent in the United States because of, among other things, mandatory warnings on all cigarette boxes and a ban on TV advertisements for cigarettes. The comedian says that tobacco executives adamantly refused to acknowledge the potential drawbacks to smoking, despite strong evidence to prove these drawbacks. He shows a video of Joseph Cullman, the former CEO of the tobacco company Philip Morris International (PMI), saying that "some women would prefer having smaller babies" in response to a reporter's comment that pregnant women who smoke will give birth to smaller babies as a result. Even so, the restrictions on smoking advertisements contributed to a decline in smoking rates among American adults, as only 18% of adults smoked in 2014, compared to 43% of adults in 1965.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
178
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "\"Tobacco\", an eighteen-minute segment about the tobacco i... |
Charles Page Thomas Moore | [
{
"indices": [
15,
24
],
"target": "Lewisburg, West Virginia"
},
{
"indices": [
26,
34
],
"target": "Virginia"
},
{
"indices": [
95,
108
],
"target": "West Virginia"
},
{
"indices": [
154,
171
],
"target": "S... | p_3754 | He was born in Lewisburg, Virginia in a portion of the state along the Ohio River which became West Virginia in his lifetime. His father had been born in Shenandoah County and moved across the Appalachian Mountains to the Greenbrier County area, but died when Charles was an infant. His paternal grandfather had married a daughter of Joseph Morgan, who helped settle the trans-Appalachian area. His mother, Augusta Delphia Page of Staunton, Virginia, a daughter of Major Charles Page, died in 1844 so Charles and his sister were raised by their uncle, George Moore in Mason County. When Charles was 16, he was sent to Marshall Academy in Huntington, and he would also study with John I Van Meter in Pike County, Pennsylvania, then attend Jefferson College (which later became Washington and Jefferson College) in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. While at Jefferson College, Charles Moore helped found the Phi Kappa Psi fraternity before graduating in 1853. Moore then briefly attended Union College in New York. Returning to Virginia, he studied law at the University of Virginia and completed the course in 1856.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
738,
922
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Jefferson College (which later became Washington and Jeff... |
Yonezawa Castle | [
{
"indices": [
57,
72
],
"target": "Kamakura period"
},
{
"indices": [
106,
120
],
"target": "Ōe no Hiromoto"
},
{
"indices": [
147,
165
],
"target": "Kamakura shogunate"
},
{
"indices": [
187,
200
],
"target... | p_3755 | The first castle on this site dates to the middle of the Kamakura period. Ōe Tokihiro, the younger son of Ōe no Hiromoto, a senior retainer of the Kamakura shogunate was granted lands in Dewa Province, and in 1238 changed his name to Nagai Tokihiro. The Nagai continued to rule for about 150 years. The Nagai were supplanted in the Sengoku period by the Date clan, and the famed warlord Date Masamune was born at Yonezawa Castle. After Date Masamune defeated the Ashina clan in 1589, he moved his main castle to Kurokawa Castle in Aizu and put Date Munekiyo in charge of Yonezawa. However, Toyotomi Hideyoshi did not agree, and forced Masamune move back to Yonezawa. In 1591, Masamune relocated to Iwadeyama Castle by orders of Hideyoshi, surrendering Yonezawa Castle to Gamō Ujisato. When Ujisato’s son, Gamō Hideyuki was moved to Utsunomiya in 1597, the castle was turned over to Uesugi Kagekatsu, as part of their vast 1,200,000 koku holdings based in Aizu. The castellan at this time was Naoe Kanetsugu.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 50,
"passage": "ōe no hiromoto",
"start": 46,
"text": "1148"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Hernán Pérez de Quesada | [
{
"indices": [
76,
83
],
"target": "Tairona"
},
{
"indices": [
164,
192
],
"target": "Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta"
},
{
"indices": [
200,
212
],
"target": "Tayrona National Natural Park"
},
{
"indices": [
264,
272
... | p_3756 | The first indigenous group that was submitted to the Spanish Crown were the Tairona, who inhabit the area around Santa Marta, presently living on the slopes of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and in Tayrona Park. On April 6, 1536, triggered by the stories of the mythical "City of Gold" El Dorado, Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada organised two groups of conquistadors towards the inner highlands of the Colombian Andes, as first European explorers. The army with the brothers De Quesada and more than 700 soldiers and 80 horses went over land and another, of more than 200 men, embarked in boats and ascended the Magdalena River from Ciénaga, in search of its origin. The list of the soldiers that eventually made it to Funza has been compiled by Juan Florez de Ocáriz (1612-1692). The land army was led by Gonzalo with Hernán second in command. The first indigenous group conquered, were the Chimila people. Continuing south, the troops had to cross inhospitable terrains full of creeks and part of their supplies and equipment was lost when crossing the Ariguaní River.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
905,
1051
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Continuing south, the troops had to cross inhospitable t... |
H. P. Lovecraft | [
{
"indices": [
140,
152
],
"target": "Stephen King"
},
{
"indices": [
154,
169
],
"target": "Ramsey Campbell"
},
{
"indices": [
171,
185
],
"target": "Bentley Little"
},
{
"indices": [
187,
202
],
"target": "... | p_3757 | Lovecraft's writing, particularly the so-called Cthulhu Mythos, has influenced fiction authors including modern horror and fantasy writers. Stephen King, Ramsey Campbell, Bentley Little, Joe R. Lansdale, Alan Moore, Junji Ito, F. Paul Wilson, Brian Lumley, Caitlín R. Kiernan, William S. Burroughs, and Neil Gaiman, have cited Lovecraft as one of their primary influences. Beyond direct adaptation, Lovecraft and his stories have had a profound impact on popular culture. Some influence was direct, as he was a friend, inspiration, and correspondent to many of his contemporaries, such as August Derleth, Robert E. Howard, Robert Bloch and Fritz Leiber. Many later figures were influenced by Lovecraft's works, including author and artist Clive Barker, prolific horror writer Stephen King, Brian Keene has several novels based on the Old Gods, comics writers Alan Moore, Neil Gaiman and Mike Mignola, English author Colin Wilson, film directors John Carpenter, Stuart Gordon, Guillermo del Toro and artist H. R. Giger. Japan has also been significantly inspired and terrified by Lovecraft's creations and thus even entered the manga and anime media. Chiaki J. Konaka is an acknowledged disciple and has participated in Cthulhu Mythos, expanding several Japanese versions. He is an anime scriptwriter who tends to add elements of cosmicism, and is credited for spreading the influence of Lovecraft among the anime base. Along with Junji Ito, other influential manga artists have also been inspired by Lovecraft. Novelist and manga author, Hideyuki Kikuchi, incorporated a number of locations, beings and events from the works of Lovecraft into the manga Taimashin.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
372
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Lovecraft's writing, particularly the so-called Cthulhu Myt... |
Karim Ansarifard | [
{
"indices": [
14,
19
],
"target": "Saipa F.C."
},
{
"indices": [
40,
47
],
"target": "Ardabil"
},
{
"indices": [
115,
123
],
"target": "Ali Daei"
},
{
"indices": [
204,
209
],
"target": "Saipa F.C."
},
{... | p_3758 | During one of Saipa's training camps in Ardabil, Karim's home city, he was taken on a training trial by then-coach Ali Daei and was accepted into the club's youth academy and reserves. In the 2007 season Saipa the Iranian reigning champions encountered problems in scoring after the departure of Mohsen Khalili and retirement of then-coach Ali Daei. After 12 weeks Ali Daei moved Ansarifard to the first team from the reserves and the young starlet answered the coach's faith with good games including the only goal against a strong Sepahan team. Ansarifard scored 13 goals during the 2009–2010 season. After strong performances, Karim became fast one of the best players of Saipa and targeted by European clubs such as Borussia Dortmund and Celtic F.C. later, FC Steaua București made a €200,000 bid for a half season loan. In May 2011, it was suggested that Everton are interested in signing Ansarifard. Despite major interest from European clubs, conscription problems made the prospect of Ansarifard moving to a foreign club unlikely. Ansarifard renewed his contract with Saipa for another two years on 14 July 2011. In the 2011–2012 Iranian Pro League season, Ansarifard scored 21 goals and made 5 assists for Saipa, becoming the league's top scorer.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 143,
"passage": "fcsb",
"start": 136,
"text": "Romania"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
603... |
Walter L. Reed | [
{
"indices": [
58,
71
],
"target": "Major general (United States)"
},
{
"indices": [
79,
97
],
"target": "United States Army"
},
{
"indices": [
112,
141
],
"target": "List of Inspectors General of the United States Army"
},
{
"i... | p_3759 | Walter Lawrence Reed (4 December 1877 – 1 May 1956) was a major general in the United States Army who served as Inspector General of the Army from 1 December 1935 to 23 December 1939. His father was Army Medical Corps officer Major Walter Reed, namesake of the Walter Reed Army Medical Center. He was born in Fort Apache, Arizona and moved to Washington, D.C. where he spent most of his early life. Reed fought in the Spanish–American War and traveled across the country and to the Panama Canal Zone. He then began working as an inspector during World War I and became the inspector of Base Section Number 5 in February 1919 then worked in the American Expeditionary Forces office. For his work he earned the Distinguished Service Medal. Reed attended various military schools before returning to the Inspector General's department. In 1935 he became the inspector general of the United States Army. He retired in 1940, but was recalled to active duty during World War II, filling a role in the War Department until 1946. Reed died in the Walter Reed Army Medical Center in 1956.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years old",
"answer_value": "84",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
243
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Walter Lawrence Reed (4 December 1877 – 1 May 1956)... |
The Boat Race 2012 | [
{
"indices": [
462,
501
],
"target": "Sydney Church of England Grammar School"
},
{
"indices": [
507,
527
],
"target": "University of Sydney"
},
{
"indices": [
536,
562
],
"target": "London School of Economics"
},
{
"indices": [... | p_3760 | Oldfield, an Australian national, said he was making "a protest against inequalities in British society, government cuts, reductions in civil liberties and a culture of elitism". Oxford number two, William Zeng, denounced Oldfield and described him as "a mockery of a man", while Oxford boat club president Karl Hudspith tweeted "my team went through seven months of hell, this was the culmination of our careers and [Oldfield] took it from us". Educated at the Sydney Church of England Grammar School, the University of Sydney and the London School of Economics, and Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts, Oldfield tweeted the day after the race, "Having been deep within elite institutions I have a very good understanding of them. I protest their injustices – ask anyone that knows me". On his blog, Oldfield compared his actions to those of Emily Davison, the suffragette killed after stepping in front of the King's horse at The Derby in 1913. Despite later stating he had some sympathy for both the rowers and spectators, he said he had no regrets and that he "would have felt less of a man" had he not made the protest. In October 2012, Oldfield was jailed for six months for causing a public nuisance and ordered to pay £750 costs. In June 2013, he was refused leave to remain in the United Kingdom, the Home Office claiming his presence there was not "conducive to the public good". Oldfield, whose wife is from India, appealed on the grounds that she would be threatened in Australia, and in December 2013, the deportation order was overturned. Security for the 2013 race was increased as a result of Oldfield's actions, with Royal Marines, additional stewards and the Metropolitan Police Marine Policing Unit in attendance.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": "no",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
446,
562
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Educated at the Sydney Church of England Grammar School... |
Irvine Welsh | [
{
"indices": [
25,
30
],
"target": "Leith"
},
{
"indices": [
70,
79
],
"target": "Edinburgh"
},
{
"indices": [
235,
244
],
"target": "Muirhouse"
},
{
"indices": [
491,
515
],
"target": "Ainslie Park High Scho... | p_3761 | Irvine Welsh was born in Leith, the port area of the Scottish capital Edinburgh. He states that he was born in 1958, though, according to the Glasgow police, his birth record is dated around 1951. When he was four, his family moved to Muirhouse, in Edinburgh, where they stayed in local housing schemes. His mother worked as a waitress. His father was a dock worker in Leith until bad health forced him to quit, after which he became a carpet salesman; he died when Welsh was 25. Welsh left Ainslie Park High School when he was 16 and then completed a City and Guilds course in electrical engineering. He became an apprentice TV repairman until an electric shock persuaded him to move on to a series of other jobs. He left Edinburgh for the London punk scene in 1978, where he played guitar and sang in The Pubic Lice and Stairway 13, the latter a reference to the Ibrox disaster. A series of arrests for petty crimes and finally a suspended sentence for trashing a North London community centre inspired Welsh to correct his ways. He worked for Hackney London Borough Council in London and studied computing with the support of the Manpower Services Commission.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
197,
259
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "When he was four, his family moved to Muirhouse, in Edinb... |
Artamon Matveyev | [
{
"indices": [
182,
191
],
"target": "Alexis of Russia"
},
{
"indices": [
261,
268
],
"target": "Zaporozhian Host"
},
{
"indices": [
313,
319
],
"target": "Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth"
},
{
"indices": [
352,
362
... | p_3762 | Because his father - Sergey Matveyev - was a notable diplomat, Artamon Matveyev was brought up at the royal court since the age of thirteen, where he would become close friends with Alexius I. Matveyev started his career as a government official, who worked in Ukraine and took part in some of Russia's wars with Poland. He was a member of the Russian delegation at the conclusion of the Treaty of Pereyaslav in 1654 and Russian diplomatic mission to Poland in 1656-1657. As the head of the Streltsy Department, Matveyev participated in suppression of the Copper Riot in 1662. Seven years later, he was put in charge of the Malorossiysky Prikaz, i.e. Ministry of the Ukrainian Affairs, and in 1671 - head of the Posolsky Prikaz (foreign ministry) and other ministries. Matveyev was known to have considered unification of Ukraine and Russia as the most important issue of the Russian foreign policy. He once said that it was even possible to temporarily forget about the struggle with the Swedes for the Baltic Sea for the sake of unification with Ukraine. In 1672, Matveyev managed to secure Kiev for Russia during the talks with Poland.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
1057,
1138
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 1672, Matveyev managed to secure Kiev for Russia dur... |
Humphrey Prideaux | [
{
"indices": [
49,
56
],
"target": "Padstow"
},
{
"indices": [
58,
66
],
"target": "Cornwall"
},
{
"indices": [
112,
122
],
"target": "John Moyle"
},
{
"indices": [
143,
166
],
"target": "Liskeard School and ... | p_3763 | The third son of Edmond Prideaux, he was born at Padstow, Cornwall, on 3 May 1648. His mother was a daughter of John Moyle. After education at Liskeard grammar school and Bodmin grammar school, he went to Westminster School under Richard Busby, recommended by his uncle William Morice. On 11 December 1668 he matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford, where he had obtained a studentship. He graduated B.A. 22 June 1672, M.A. 29 April 1675, B.D. 15 November 1682, D.D. 8 June 1686. In January 1674, Prideaux recorded in his letters a visit to his home of William Levett; with Levett came Lord Cornbury, son of the Earl of Clarendon, Levett's principal patron. In other letters, Prideaux mentioned alliances with Levett in ongoing church political maneuverings. At the university he was known for scholarship; John Fell employed him in 1672 on an edition of Florus. He also worked on Edmund Chilmead's edition of the chronicle of John Malalas.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "people",
"answer_value": "3162",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
82
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The third son of Edmond Prideaux, he was born at Pads... |
Alternatives to evolution by natural selection | [
{
"indices": [
69,
86
],
"target": "Natural selection"
},
{
"indices": [
216,
226
],
"target": "Lamarckism"
},
{
"indices": [
228,
240
],
"target": "Orthogenesis"
},
{
"indices": [
242,
255
],
"target": "Stru... | p_3764 | Where the fact of evolutionary change was accepted by biologists but natural selection was denied, including but not limited to the late 19th century eclipse of Darwinism, alternative scientific explanations such as Lamarckism, orthogenesis, structuralism, catastrophism, vitalism and theistic evolution were entertained, not necessarily separately. (Purely religious points of view such as young or old earth creationism or intelligent design are not considered here.) Different factors motivated people to propose non-Darwinian evolutionary mechanisms. Natural selection, with its emphasis on death and competition, did not appeal to some naturalists because they felt it immoral, leaving little room for teleology or the concept of progress in the development of life. Some of these scientists and philosophers, like St. George Jackson Mivart and Charles Lyell, who came to accept evolution but disliked natural selection, raised religious objections. Others, such as the biologist and philosopher Herbert Spencer, the botanist George Henslow (son of Darwin's mentor John Stevens Henslow, also a botanist), and the author Samuel Butler, felt that evolution was an inherently progressive process that natural selection alone was insufficient to explain. Still others, including the American paleontologists Edward Drinker Cope and Alpheus Hyatt, had an idealist perspective and felt that nature, including the development of life, followed orderly patterns that natural selection could not explain.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 123,
"passage": "st. george jackson mivart",
"start": 106,
"text": "English biologist"
},
{
"end": 121,
"passage": "charles lyell",
"start": 112,
"text": "geolog... |
Ivan Rakitić | [
{
"indices": [
24,
39
],
"target": "2013–14 La Liga"
},
{
"indices": [
54,
64
],
"target": "Unai Emery"
},
{
"indices": [
277,
286
],
"target": "FC Barcelona"
},
{
"indices": [
383,
397
],
"target": "Rayo Val... | p_3765 | At the beginning of the 2013–14 La Liga season, coach Unai Emery named Rakitić as the new Sevilla captain. Since the beginning of the season, he was one of the most prominent players of the league, scoring the first goal and assisting for the second in a 3–2 away loss against Barcelona on 14 September. In the two last games of September, he scored two goals in a 1–4 away win over Rayo Vallecano, and assisted for the draw 1–1 goal against Real Sociedad. In the final three games of October, Rakitić scored a goal in a 2–0 home win against SC Freiburg, a 2–1 home win over Almería and two goals in a 7–3 loss at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium against Real Madrid. In the third and fourth games of November, he contributed an assist in away 1–3 win against Espanyol, and two more respectively in a 4–0 home win against Sevilla rivals Betis. In the last game of December, he assisted in a 1–2 away win against Villarreal, helping Sevilla reach a top ten position after a disappointing start of the season, as well attracting attention from other international clubs. In the first game of the 2014 calendar year, he scored in a 3–0 home win against Getafe. In January, he scored two more La Liga goals for Sevilla against Atlético Madrid and Levante, respectively, while also missing a penalty kick in the latter fixture. These performances earned him a La Liga Player of the Month award.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 68,
"passage": "unai emery",
"start": 53,
"text": "3 November 1971"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Jay-Z singles discography | [
{
"indices": [
27,
32
],
"target": "Jay-Z"
},
{
"indices": [
111,
127
],
"target": "Reasonable Doubt (album)"
},
{
"indices": [
189,
197
],
"target": "(Always Be My) Sunshine"
},
{
"indices": [
256,
258
],
"t... | p_3766 | The Brooklyn native rapper Jay-Z had success on the Billboard Hot 100 with singles from his debut studio album Reasonable Doubt. In 1997 he had success outside of the US with singles like "Sunshine" which peaked at number 25 in UK, 18 in Germany and 22 in NZ. His next single "Wishing on a Star" peaked at number 13 in UK being his highest peak on the chart until Hard Knock Life (Ghetto Anthem). The next single "The City Is Mine was the most successful single of In My Lifetime, Vol. 1. The album peaked at number 3 on the Billboard 200 and it received positive reviews from critics. In 1998 he released the smash hit singles "Can I Get A..." and "Hard Knock Life (Ghetto Anthem)" which peaked at number 19 and 15 on the Hot 100 and had wide success worldwide, too. The singles helped the album Vol. 2... Hard Knock Life to debut at number 1 on the Albums chart and selling over 5 million copies. Vol. 3... Life and Times of S. Carter had hits like "Jigga My Nigga" which peaked at number 1 on the Rap chart and #28 on the Hot 100. Hits like "Girl's Best Friend" and "Big Pimpin'" were released and the later peaked at #18 on the Hot 100 earning a platinum certification by the RIAA. His next album was released shortly after Vol 3. The album sold 500k first week and had the hit "I Just Wanna Love U (Give It 2 Me)" which peaked at number one on the R&B/Hip-Hop chart being his first single to reach that peak. In 2001 he released his classic album The Blueprint which spawned his first top 10 single "Izzo (H.O.V.A.)" which was produced by Kanye West. The Blueprint peaked at number one on the Billboard 200 selling 400k, eventually reaching 2 million. The sequel followed in 2002 and had hits like "'03 Bonnie & Clyde" , "Excuse Me Miss" both peaking inside the top 10 on the Hot 100. The first single was his most successful single worldwide for Jay since "Hard Knock Life (Ghetto Anthem)". The album sold 500k but it received mixed reviews. The Black Album was released and had three hit singles and 2 of them were top 10. The album was considered a classic and Jay said it would be his last album. The project reached #1 on the albums chart and it won a Grammy for "99 Problems". Even though he said The Black Album would be his last album he released a collaboration EP with Linkin Park spawning a hit single which earned a Grammy.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
27,
128
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Jay-Z had success on the Billboard Hot 100 with singles fr... |
List of Malmö FF managers | [
{
"indices": [
0,
21
],
"target": "Malmö FF"
},
{
"indices": [
80,
100
],
"target": "Association football"
},
{
"indices": [
115,
120
],
"target": "Malmö"
},
{
"indices": [
150,
171
],
"target": "Skånes Fotbo... | p_3767 | Malmö Fotbollförening, also known simply as Malmö FF, is a Swedish professional association football club based in Malmö. The club is affiliated with Skånes Fotbollförbund, and plays home games at Stadion. The club's first team play in Allsvenskan as of 2018, the top league in Swedish football, which takes place from April to October every seasons. Malmö FF won Allsvenskan for the first time in 1944, and most recently repeated this in 2017. Malmö FF were at their strongest during the 1970s, when they won five Swedish championships and four Svenska Cupen titles, and performed well in continental competitions: the team were runners-up in both the 1978–79 European Cup and the 1979 Intercontinental Cup.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 228,
"passage": "malmö",
"start": 221,
"text": "316,588"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,... |
Transportation in the Sacramento metropolitan area | [
{
"indices": [
19,
36
],
"target": "Sacramento County, California"
},
{
"indices": [
57,
65
],
"target": "Thornton, California"
},
{
"indices": [
120,
129
],
"target": "Elk Grove, California"
},
{
"indices": [
188,
2... | p_3768 | The highway enters Sacramento County from the south near Thornton, then continues northward through the western edge of Elk Grove that is mostly uninhabited wetlands with the exception of Laguna West. As I-5 approaches the city limits of Sacramento near Freeport, it runs adjacent to the Sacramento River that is on the west. The river then makes an abrupt westward curve after which the highway is flanked by the south Sacramento neighborhoods of Pocket-Greenhaven on the west and Meadowview on the east. The river curves back and meets with I-5 again, closing up the Pocket area. The highway then continues along the west side of Land Park, passing by William Land Park and the Sacramento Zoo. As it reaches the southwest corner of the downtown grid, the highway has a full-service junction with the 50/Business 80 freeway, and also merges with California State Route 99 for a concurrency.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": "no",
"type": "binary"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
129
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The highway enters Sacramento County from the south near ... |
Social networking service | [
{
"indices": [
89,
103
],
"target": "SixDegrees.com"
},
{
"indices": [
125,
135
],
"target": "Open Diary"
},
{
"indices": [
145,
149
],
"target": "Mixi"
},
{
"indices": [
159,
170
],
"target": "Makeoutclub"
... | p_3769 | This newer generation of social networking sites began to flourish with the emergence of SixDegrees.com in 1997, followed by Open Diary in 1998, Mixi in 1999, Makeoutclub in 2000, Hub Culture and Friendster in 2002 or Canada's first online social network Nexopia in 2003, and soon became part of the Internet mainstream. However, thanks to the nation's high Internet penetration rate, the first mass social networking site was the South Korean service, Cyworld, launched as a blog-based site in 1999 and social networking features added in 2001. It also became one of the first companies to profit from the sale of virtual goods. Friendster was followed by MySpace and LinkedIn a year later, and eventually Bebo. Friendster became very popular in the Pacific Islands. Orkut became the first popular social networking service in Brazil (although most of its very first users were from the United States) and quickly grew in popularity in India (Madhavan, 2007). Attesting to the rapid increase in social networking sites' popularity, by 2005, it was reported that Myspace was getting more page views than Google. Facebook, launched in 2004, became the largest social networking site in the world in early 2009. Facebook was first introduced as a Harvard social networking site, expanding to other universities and eventually, anyone. The term social media was introduced and soon became widespread.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 1099,
"passage": "sixdegrees.com",
"start": 1083,
"text": "Andrew Weinreich"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indi... |
Southern Culture on the Skids | [
{
"indices": [
21,
51
],
"target": "The Tonight Show with Jay Leno"
},
{
"indices": [
102,
117
],
"target": "Dirt Track Date"
},
{
"indices": [
148,
158
],
"target": "Drew Carey"
},
{
"indices": [
216,
245
],
... | p_3770 | The band appeared on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno in 1995, performing "Camel Walk" from their album Dirt Track Date, where Jay Leno jokingly said Drew Carey performed on drums. They also appeared numerous times on Late Night with Conan O'Brien. The song "Soul City" was heard in the 1996 film Happy Gilmore, as well as the 2005 Dukes Of Hazzard movie. The song "White Trash" is featured in the soundtrack for the 1996 film Beavis and Butt-head Do America. The song "Camel Walk" is used in the 1996 movie Flirting with Disaster, the 1997 movie Perdita Durango, and the 2009 movie Schwerkraft. It also was used on the first season of the TV show Psych in the episode "Weekend Warriors." "My Baby's Got the Strangest Ways" appears on the soundtrack to the 1997 slasher film I Know What You Did Last Summer. The band can also be seen performing the song on a beach party in the movie. Four of their songs, "King of the Mountain", "Pass the Hatchet", "Cheap Motels" and "The Corn Rocket" appeared on the soundtrack to the 2001 film Super Troopers. The song "Smiley Yeah Yeah Yeah" appears on the soundtrack to the 2004 Major League Baseball video game MLB 2005. The track "40 Miles to Vegas" appeared on the EA Sports video game NASCAR 07. The song "White Trash" appears in the trailer for the 2011 movie Goon. Rick Miller appeared on episode 174 of the Americana Music Show and described their 2013 release, Dig This! as being inspired by having to dig ditches around his Kudzu Ranch recording studio to fix its septic tank. "Weird Al" Yankovic featured a style parody of Southern Culture on the Skids entitled "Lame Claim to Fame" on his 14th studio album, Mandatory Fun.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "albums",
"answer_value": "4",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
118
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The band appeared on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno in ... |
Veldenz | [
{
"indices": [
24,
31
],
"target": "Treveri"
},
{
"indices": [
51,
57
],
"target": "Celts"
},
{
"indices": [
62,
70
],
"target": "Germanic peoples"
},
{
"indices": [
92,
97
],
"target": "Latin"
},
{
"... | p_3771 | As early as 500 BC, the Treveri, a people of mixed Celtic and Germanic stock, from whom the Latin name for the city of Trier, Augusta Treverorum, is also derived, settled in Veldenz's fertile valley. After them, from about 50 BC to AD 500 came the Romans. Possibly about the year 1129, Gerlach I built a castle, today's Schloss Veldenz. In 1286, Rudolph of Habsburg granted Veldenz town and market rights. By 1444, the castle and its environs had passed to the Counts of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, or between 1543 and 1694 the Principality of Palatinate-Veldenz. In 1752, in Burgen near Veldenz, the widely known robber, Johann Peter Petri, also known as Schwarzer Peter (“Black Peter”), was born. From 1777 to 1797, Veldenz belonged to Bavaria. After French rule as part of Sarre department, it was annexed to Prussia in 1815. In 1835 the Veldenz Lion was adopted as the Bavarian Lion in that kingdom's coat of arms. Even today, many examples of comital building undertakings from the 18th century can be found, among them the town hall.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years",
"answer_value": "18",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
337,
404
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 1286, Rudolph of Habsburg granted Veldenz town and... |
John Alexander (tenor) | [
{
"indices": [
200,
214
],
"target": "Richard Wagner"
},
{
"indices": [
219,
234
],
"target": "Richard Strauss"
},
{
"indices": [
531,
542
],
"target": "La traviata"
},
{
"indices": [
554,
562
],
"target": "I... | p_3772 | While most of Alexander's career was spent in lyric roles from the Italian and French repertory, Alexander had enough heft in his voice to successfully tackle some of the lighter Heldentenor roles of Richard Wagner and Richard Strauss. Aside from a handful of these roles, however, his repertoire at the Metropolitan did not include heavier parts. Rather, he was known there for an expansive lyric repertoire that encompassed the works of Mozart, Puccini, Verdi, and Donizetti among others. His signature roles included Alfredo in La traviata, Arbace in Idomeneo, Belmonte in Die Entführung aus dem Serail, the Duke of Mantua in Rigoletto, Edgardo from Lucia di Lammermoor, Ferrando in Così fan tutte, Hoffman in Les contes d'Hoffmann, Lieutenant B. F. Pinkerton in Madama Butterfly, Rodolfo in La bohème, and the title roles in Don Carlos and Faust.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 234,
"passage": "John Alexander (tenor)",
"start": 218,
"text": " Richard Strauss"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
... |
Kathleen Ryan | [
{
"indices": [
47,
58
],
"target": "Séamus Ryan"
},
{
"indices": [
72,
86
],
"target": "Seanad Éireann"
},
{
"indices": [
176,
192
],
"target": "County Tipperary"
},
{
"indices": [
238,
263
],
"target": "Iris... | p_3773 | Kathleen Ryan was one of the eight children of Séamus Ryan, a member of Seanad Éireann and his wife Agnes Ryan née Harding who came from Kilfeacle and Solohead respectively in County Tipperary and who were Republican activists during the Irish War of Independence. They opened a shop in Parnell Street, Dublin in the 1920s which was the first of 36 outlets which were known as "The Monument Creameries". The family lived at Burton Hall, near Leopardstown Racecourse in the Dublin suburb of Foxrock. Her brother was John Ryan, an artist and man of letters in bohemian Dublin of the 1940s and 50's, who was a friend and benefactor of a number of struggling writers in the post-war era, such as Patrick Kavanagh. He started and edited a short-lived literary magazine entitled Envoy. Among her other siblings were Fr. Vincent (Séamus) (1930–2005), a Benedictine priest at Glenstal Abbey, Sister Íde of the Convent of The Sacred Heart, Mount Anville, Dublin, Oonagh (who married the Irish artist Patrick Swift), Cora who married the politician, Seán Dunne, T.D. When Kathleen was an undergraduate at University College Dublin, she was introduced to the future Dr. Dermod Devane of Limerick. They were married in the society wedding of 1944 and the couple had three children, but the marriage was annulled in 1958.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 709,
"passage": "Kathleen Ryan",
"start": 692,
"text": "Patrick Kavanagh."
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indice... |
Norman Mayer | [
{
"indices": [
18,
25
],
"target": "El Paso, Texas"
},
{
"indices": [
27,
32
],
"target": "Texas"
},
{
"indices": [
158,
169
],
"target": "New Orleans"
},
{
"indices": [
411,
423
],
"target": "Nome, Alaska"
... | p_3774 | Mayer was born in El Paso, Texas, to Jesse and Margott Mayer. After his father died two years later, his penniless mother moved him and his brother Aubrey to New Orleans; she then entered nursing school and placed the children in an orphanage. As a teenager, Mayer attended a trade school where he trained as a tool and die maker. He left New Orleans and spent much of the 1930s travelling from job to job from Nome, Alaska, to the Caribbean, working in a rubber plant and in gold mines among other jobs. He was drafted into the United States Navy in 1944 while living in Los Angeles and spent two years stationed at the San Diego Naval Station. He was discharged as a fireman first class and returned to a life of drifting, working in Miami as a machinist in the mid-1950s, as a hotel maintenance man in Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands and Jamaica during the 1960s, and as a helicopter mechanic in South Vietnam from 1969-1970. In 1971, he was seriously injured while working on an oil rig in Brunei and recuperated in Singapore before traveling across South Asia. In 1976, he was arrested in Hong Kong for possession of of marijuana in a botched attempt to make a sale. Mayer researched the law in jail and after fifteen months managed to have his conviction reversed on a technicality. He was deported back to the U.S. and returned to working in hotels.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
331,
441
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He left New Orleans and spent much of the 1930s travellin... |
Dave Donaldson (footballer, born 1954) | [
{
"indices": [
22,
31
],
"target": "Islington"
},
{
"indices": [
52,
83
],
"target": "English Schools' Football Association"
},
{
"indices": [
126,
133
],
"target": "Arsenal F.C."
},
{
"indices": [
160,
177
],
... | p_3775 | Donaldson was born in Islington, London, and was an England schoolboy international before beginning his football career with Arsenal. He was a member of their 1971 FA Youth Cup-winning side, but never broke through to the first team. In June 1973, he transferred to Second Division club Millwall for £5,000. The team were relegated in 1975, and Donaldson helped them achieve promotion back to the Second Division in 1975–76, and made 258 appearances in all competitions over a six-and-a-half-year period. He acted as an emergency goalkeeper three times during his Millwall career. He spent the summer of 1979 with the Los Angeles Skyhawks of the American Soccer League, and on 5 February 1980, signed for Second Division Cambridge United for a fee of £50,000. He made 132 league appearances for Cambridge and was featured in a 2002 book, Cambridge United: 101 Golden Greats. In 1984, he moved on to Royston Town of the Isthmian League.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "people per hectare",
"answer_value": "138.7",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
39
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Donaldson was born in Islington, London"... |
James William Peter Hirschfeld | [
{
"indices": [
55,
70
],
"target": "Galois geometry"
},
{
"indices": [
113,
125
],
"target": "Group theory"
},
{
"indices": [
130,
144
],
"target": "Linear algebra"
},
{
"indices": [
198,
217
],
"target": "Pr... | p_3776 | In 1979 Hirschfeld published the first of a trilogy on Galois geometry, pegged at a level depending only on "the group theory and linear algebra taught in a first degree course, as well as a little projective geometry, and a very little algebraic geometry." When q is a prime power then there is a finite field GF(q) with q elements called a Galois field. A vector space over GF(q) of n + 1 dimensions produces an n-dimensional Galois geometry PG(n,q) with its subspaces: one-dimensional subspaces are the points of the Galois geometry and two-dimensional subspaces are the lines. Non-singular linear transformations of the vector space provide motions of PG(n,q). The first book (1979) covered PG(1,q) and PG(2,q). The second book addressed PG(3,q) and the third PG(n,q). Chapters are numbered sequentially through the trilogy: 14 in the first book, 15 to 21 in the second, and 22 to 27 in the third. Finite geometry has contributed to coding theory, such as the Goppa code, so the field is supported by computer science. In the preface of the 1991 text Hirschfeld summarizes the status of Galois geometry, mentioning maximum distance separable code, mathematics journals publishing finite geometry, and conferences on combinatorics featuring Galois geometry. Colleague Joseph A. Thas is coauthor of General Galois Geometries on PG(n,q) where n ≥ 4.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 28,
"passage": "galois geometry",
"start": 12,
"text": "Galois geometry\n"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indice... |
Batman: War Games | [
{
"indices": [
248,
256
],
"target": "Catwoman"
},
{
"indices": [
531,
541
],
"target": "Batman: War Crimes"
},
{
"indices": [
562,
578
],
"target": "Leslie Thompkins"
},
{
"indices": [
719,
729
],
"target": ... | p_3777 | Besides the aforementioned death of Stephanie Brown, many other side effects came about from this event. The biggest of these included Black Mask becoming the single crime boss in Gotham, something that would remain until his death at the hands of Catwoman. Another would be Commissioner Akins effectively making all vigilantes criminals, a move that would stay in place for over a year until the return of Commissioner Gordon to the Gotham City Police Department. The more controversial effect, not seen until the follow-up story War Crimes, was turning Doctor Leslie Thompkins against Batman, when she allows Stephanie Brown to die from her wounds as Batman's "punishment" for including children in his war on crime. Jason Todd, a former Boy Wonder, confirmed to be alive on as a violent vigilante the Red Hood who waged a one-man war against Black Mask and successfully crippling his criminal operation in the city before seeking revenge towards Batman and the Joker. Finally, the citizens of Gotham City no longer consider Batman to be an urban legend (which has been in place since Zero Hour), as he was caught on camera trying to save the life of a wounded student at the end of Act One. Additionally, Barbara Gordon lost the clock tower that served as her home and headquarters and left Gotham City, eventually moving to Metropolis. She would later re-establish her ties to Batman.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 17467,
"passage": "catwoman",
"start": 17445,
"text": "shoots him in the head"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"in... |
Harwich Force | [
{
"indices": [
109,
124
],
"target": "English Channel"
},
{
"indices": [
153,
159
],
"target": "Imperial German Navy"
},
{
"indices": [
160,
175
],
"target": "High Seas Fleet"
},
{
"indices": [
328,
339
],
"t... | p_3778 | After the outbreak of the First World War, a priority for the Royal Navy was to secure the approaches to the English Channel, to prevent elements of the German High Seas Fleet from breaking out into the Atlantic, or from interfering with British maritime trade and convoys to the continent. Most of the major fleet units of the Grand Fleet had dispersed to the navy's anchorage at Scapa Flow or to other North Eastern ports to monitor the northern route from the North Sea into the Atlantic. Consequently, a number of patrol flotillas were organised along the south and east coasts of England, with commands established at several of the major ports in the region. The Dover Patrol was based at Dover, consisting mostly of destroyers, while a number of pre-dreadnoughts and cruisers were based at Portland Harbour. A large number of destroyers, flotilla leaders and light cruisers were centred at Harwich, under the command of Commodore Reginald Tyrwhitt.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "km2",
"answer_value": "75000",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
212
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "After the outbreak of the First World War, a priority ... |
Battle of Corpus Christi | [
{
"indices": [
39,
46
],
"target": "Sea captain"
},
{
"indices": [
95,
106
],
"target": "New Orleans"
},
{
"indices": [
147,
160
],
"target": "Parrott rifle"
},
{
"indices": [
189,
196
],
"target": "Cannon"
... | p_3779 | USS Sachem was originally commanded by Captain H. W. Morris, the former U.S. Navy commander of New Orleans, and was armed with one 20 lb (0.91 kg) parrott rifle and four 32 pounder (15 kg) cannons. The size of her crew was about fifty; she had also participated in several other historic naval engagements such as Hampton Roads and the Battle of Forts Jackson and St. Philip. Captain Morris is not believed to have fought in this battle. Lieutenant Amos Johnson commanded Sachem. Lieutenant John W. Kittredge was in charge of Arthur, which held over eighty men and was armed with six 32 pounder smooth-bore guns. Kittredge commanded the flotilla and Arthur was the flagship of the force. Corypheus mounted one 30 lb (14 kg) rifled gun and one 24 pounder (11 kg) howitzer. She had a crew of twenty-eight men and was commanded by Acting Master A. T. Spear. Bella Italias armament and crew are not known. Reindeer mustered six 24 pounder howitzers. Little is known of the Confederate ships.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
480,
612
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Lieutenant John W. Kittredge was in charge of Arthur, whi... |
Fodonyx | [
{
"indices": [
8,
19
],
"target": "Premaxilla"
},
{
"indices": [
72,
83
],
"target": "Prefrontal bone"
},
{
"indices": [
288,
305
],
"target": "Keratin"
},
{
"indices": [
311,
318
],
"target": "Maxilla"
},
... | p_3780 | The two premaxillae are very long and run up over the snout to meet the prefrontals at the orbit. At the anterior tip they are narrow and triangular in cross-section. They form the classic rhynchosaurian beak, and there is evidence on the fossil showing that it was probably covered by a keratinous sheath. The maxilla carries a massive tooth plate and has numerous foramina for nerves and blood vessels to reach the gums through. Many of the posterior and lateral teeth are unworn from use, unlike the more anterior teeth which have been worn smooth. The nasal bones are large, but no wider than the frontals. They form a pointed posterior tip with a strong zigzag suture. The lacrimal ducts are clearly visible next to the orbit, while the lacrimal bones form much of the interior surface of the orbit. The prefrontal forms a thick eyebrow ridge, possibly as protection from predators. The jugal is complex, with four branches, and forms the anterior and ventral margins of the lower temporal fenestra. The dorsal branch forms a strong pillar behind the orbit, which has a more pronounced crest than other rhynchosaurs. The frontals are very long, and form a dish shape posteriorly. The postfrontal is triangular and forms part of the back of the orbit. The parietals are fused and have a high narrow ridge dorsally, with lateral wings extending across the upper temporal fenestrae. The postorbitals are roughly T-shaped, with three branches. Unlike Late Triassic forms, Fodonyx has a supratemporal bone. The quadratojugal and quadrate are mainly missing. One squamosal is preserved, forming much of the posterior margin of the skull. Much of the palate is intact, although the vomeronasals are quite degraded due to their length and thinness. The palatines form most of the borders of the choana. The pterygoids are very large and have three main processes, all broad and flat. The ectopterygoids are very small and hidden in palatal view. Small fragments of the hyoids are preserved, with a circular cross section and lateral striations. The basioccipital is short and attached to the narrow basisphenoid. The occipital condyle is hemispherical. Much of the detail on the paraoccipital is hard to make out due to difficulties of preparation. Only the anterior portions of the lower jaw are well preserved, but it has the typical rhynchosaur shape, curving up to the anterior tip. Teeth are mainly obscured as the jaws are tightly shut. The splenial is narrow except at the tip where it supports the symphyseal plate.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
307,
430
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The maxilla carries a massive tooth plate and has numerou... |
John Garland Pollard | [
{
"indices": [
51,
82
],
"target": "King and Queen County, Virginia"
},
{
"indices": [
126,
133
],
"target": "Baptists"
},
{
"indices": [
253,
272
],
"target": "Baltimore"
},
{
"indices": [
325,
336
],
"targe... | p_3781 | John Garland Pollard was born on August 4, 1871 in King and Queen County, Virginia. He was the fourth child and second son of Baptist minister John Pollard (1839 - 1911), and his wife the former Virginia Bagby (1839 - 1918). The Pollard family lived in Baltimore, Maryland early in his childhood, before moving to Richmond's Church Hill neighborhood. Pollard later took pride in his Norman–English ancestry, tracing his ancestors to colonial Virginians. Pollard attended Richmond College (now the University of Richmond) but ill health led him to suspend his studies. He later entered Columbian College, now George Washington University where Pollard studied law, as well as worked at the Smithsonian Institution to support himself before receiving his degree in 1893. Pollard also wrote "The Pamunkey Indians of Virginia", an anthropological survey that detailed the vanishing language and traditions of the early Virginia tribe.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 766,
"passage": "university of richmond",
"start": 749,
"text": "Richmond College."
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
... |
Michel Ney | [
{
"indices": [
43,
48
],
"target": "Baton (military)"
},
{
"indices": [
138,
155
],
"target": "List of Marshals of France"
},
{
"indices": [
215,
227
],
"target": "Grande Armée"
},
{
"indices": [
263,
272
],
... | p_3782 | On 19 May 1804, Ney received his Marshal's baton, emblematic of his status as a Marshal of the Empire, the Napoleonic era's equivalent of Marshal of France. In the 1805 campaign, Ney took command of VI Corps of the Grande Armée and was praised for his conduct at Elchingen. In November 1805, Ney invaded the Tyrol, capturing Innsbruck from Archduke John. In the 1806 campaign, Ney fought at Jena and then occupied Erfurt. Later in the campaign, Ney successfully besieged Magdeburg. In the 1807 campaign, Ney arrived with reinforcements in time to save Napoleon from defeat at Eylau, although the battle ended in a draw. Later in the campaign, Ney fought at Güttstadt and commanded the right wing at Friedland. On 6June 1808, Ney was created Duke of Elchingen. In August 1808, he was sent to Spain in command of VI Corps and won a number of minor actions. In 1809, he routed an Anglo-Portuguese force under Sir Robert Wilson at Baños. In 1810, Ney joined Marshal Masséna in the invasion of Portugal, where he took Ciudad Rodrigo from the Spanish and Almeida from the British and Portuguese, brusquely defeated a British force on the River Côa, and fought at Bussaco. During the retreat from Torres Vedras, Ney engaged Wellington's forces in a series of lauded rearguard actions (Pombal, Redinha, Casal Novo, Foz d'Arouce) through which he delayed the pursuing enemy forces long enough to allow the main French force to retreat unmolested. He was ultimately removed from his command for insubordination.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
156
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "On 19 May 1804, Ney received his Marshal's baton, emblemati... |
Eclipse Tour | [
{
"indices": [
58,
65
],
"target": "Journey (band)"
},
{
"indices": [
124,
131
],
"target": "Eclipse (Journey album)"
},
{
"indices": [
146,
158
],
"target": "Arnel Pineda"
},
{
"indices": [
240,
249
],
"targ... | p_3783 | The Eclipse Tour was a concert tour by American rock band Journey. It was in support of the group's fourteenth studio album Eclipse. The album is Arnel Pineda's second since joining the band in 2007. Special guests on the 2011 tour include Foreigner and Night Ranger for most of the North American dates, Styx for the European dates, and Sweet for South American dates. The tour was the sixth top-grossing concert tour from July 23, 2011 to September 23, 2011 bringing in over $21 million and selling over 900,000 tickets. For the 2012 U.S. tour, special guests were Pat Benatar and Loverboy, and the guests for the 2013 tour were Deep Purple for the Australian dates, and Whitesnake for the European dates. For the 2014–2015 tour, the Steve Miller Band co-headlined. The 2016 tour saw the band play with The Doobie Brothers, as well as signal the return of "classic" drummer Steve Smith after longtime drummer Deen Castronovo was fired from the group. The 2017 tour had Asia co-headline, and also included the band's induction and performance at their induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. This tour is also the longest-running in the entire history of the band.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "years old",
"answer_value": "40",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
133,
198
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The album is Arnel Pineda's second since joining ... |
Solaris Urbino 18 electric | [
{
"indices": [
51,
57
],
"target": "Solaris Urbino"
},
{
"indices": [
71,
88
],
"target": "Solaris Urbino 12"
},
{
"indices": [
112,
129
],
"target": "Solaris Urbino 18"
},
{
"indices": [
474,
491
],
"target"... | p_3784 | In 1999 Solaris unveiled its first city bus of the Urbino family – the Solaris Urbino 12. The articulated model Solaris Urbino 18 had its début the same year. In subsequent years the city bus range was broadened, as new models were added, initially these were conventionally fuelled vehicles. In 2002, Solaris presented a new version of the Urbino, the so-called 2nd generation. Two years later, in 2004, the third generation of the Urbino had its première. In 2006, at the IAA Nutzfahrzeuge trade fair in Hanover, Solaris Bus & Coach displayed a third generation bus which was also the first of its hybrid models, the Solaris Urbino 18 Hybrid created in collaboration with US firms Alisson Transmission and Cummins. It was the first serially produced hybrid bus in the world. As a result, Solaris joined European leaders of eco-friendly public transport technologies. Krzysztof Olszewski, founder of Solaris Bus & Coach, said at that time that: ”Diesel has died, long live electricity!”. The first fully electric bus, the Solaris Urbino 8,9 LE electric, was unveiled in 2012. Even though there were no electric vehicles of the Solaris brand before, this particular bus is part of the third generation Urbino family, because it served as the basis for this model. Initially, the range of the vehicle was merely , however, with time, thanks to technological progress, the achievable range increased. The vehicle was tested among others in Poznań, Cracow and Warsaw. The first buyer of that electric Solaris bus was an Austrian operator, from Klagenfurt. Vehicles of that type were also the first electric buses in Poland used by a public transport operator; in 2014, two of these buses made it to the city of Ostrołęka. 2012 saw the première of the electric city bus Solaris Urbino 12 electric which quickly became a bestseller, whereas its fourth generation version was crowned Bus of the Year 2017.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
88
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 1999 Solaris unveiled its first city bus of the Urbino fa... |
Monique Lamoureux | [
{
"indices": [
54,
80
],
"target": "North Dakota Fighting Hawks men's ice hockey"
},
{
"indices": [
149,
162
],
"target": "Jean-Philippe Lamoureux"
},
{
"indices": [
215,
228
],
"target": "Lincoln Stars"
},
{
"indices": [
... | p_3785 | Her father Jean-Pierre was a backup goaltender at the University of North Dakota from 1979–83. Besides her twin sister, Lamoureux has four brothers. Jean-Philippe is a professional ice hockey goaltender. He led the Lincoln Stars to the Clark Cup as a teenager and played for Team USA in the 2004 Viking Cup. He was the 2008–09 Goalie of the Year in the ECHL, and also led the Alaska Aces to the 2009 Kelly Cup Finals. Jacques was an All-America center in 2009 for Air Force Academy. In addition, he was a finalist for the Hobey Baker Award. Pierre-Paul played for the University of Manitoba, and is a student-assistant coach for the North Dakota hockey team. Mario skated for Team USA at the 2006 Viking Cup and then played for the North Dakota Fighting Hawks before turning pro. Her mother Linda competed in the Boston Marathon.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 167,
"passage": "north dakota fighting hawks men's ice hockey",
"start": 156,
"text": "Grand Forks"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": ... |
Hermann Hamelmann | [
{
"indices": [
46,
52
],
"target": "Germany"
},
{
"indices": [
53,
61
],
"target": "Lutheranism"
},
{
"indices": [
93,
103
],
"target": "Westphalia"
},
{
"indices": [
113,
122
],
"target": "Osnabrück"
},
... | p_3786 | Hermann Hamelmann (1526 – 26 June 1595) was a German Lutheran theologian and the reformer of Westphalia. Born in Osnabrück, he became the priest at Kamen in 1552. While a priest, he converted to the Evangelical Lutheran faith and announced it publicly on Trinity Sunday, 1553, and as a result he was forced to leave the town. During a stay at Wittenberg, he discussed the Lord's Supper with Philipp Melanchthon. In August 1553, he became the pastor at Bielefeld, and in 1556 he became the pastor at St. Mary's Church in Lemgo. He became General Superintendent at Bad Gandersheim in 1560, where he introduced the Reformation into Braunschweig. He was instrumental in bringing the Lutheran faith to Oldenburg after becoming Superintendent there in 1573. Along with Nikolaus Selnecker, he wrote the Oldenburg Church Order in 1573. A learned man, he was deep in conviction and sound in his faith.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
122
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Hermann Hamelmann (1526 – 26 June 1595) was a German Luther... |
Qingming Festival | [
{
"indices": [
33,
61
],
"target": "Cold Food Festival"
},
{
"indices": [
79,
88
],
"target": "Jie Zhitui"
},
{
"indices": [
108,
120
],
"target": "Jin (Chinese state)"
},
{
"indices": [
129,
135
],
"target":... | p_3787 | The festival originated from the Cold Food or Hanshi Festival which remembered Jie Zitui, a nobleman of the state of Jin (modern Shanxi) during the Spring and Autumn Period. Amid the Li Ji Unrest, he followed his master Prince Chong'er in 655 to exile among the Di tribes and around China. Supposedly, he once even cut meat from his own thigh to provide his lord with soup. In 636, Duke Mu of Qin invaded Jin and enthroned Chong'er as its duke, where he was generous in rewarding those who had helped him in his time of need. Owing either to his own high-mindedness or to the duke's neglect, however, Jie was long passed over. He finally retired to the forest around Mount Mian with his elderly mother. The duke went to the forest in but could not find them. He then ordered his men to set fire to the forest in order to force Jie out. When Jie and his mother were killed instead, the duke was overcome with remorse and erected a temple in his honor. The people of Shanxi subsequently revered Jie as an immortal and avoided lighting fires for as long as a month in the depths of winter, a practice so injurious to children and the elderly that the area's rulers unsuccessfully attempted to ban it for centuries. A compromise finally developed where it was restricted to 3 days around the Qingming solar term in mid-spring.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
61
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The festival originated from the Cold Food or Hanshi Festiva... |
Amy Ashurst Gooch | [
{
"indices": [
23,
43
],
"target": "Computer engineering"
},
{
"indices": [
100,
118
],
"target": "University of Utah"
},
{
"indices": [
267,
280
],
"target": "Gooch shading"
},
{
"indices": [
314,
322
],
"ta... | p_3788 | Gooch earned her BS in Computer Engineering in 1996 and her MS in Computer Science in 1998 from the University of Utah. While working on her master's degree, she explored interactive non-photorealistic technical illustration as a new rendering paradigm and developed Gooch shading, which she presented at the 1998 SIGGRAPH conference. Following her masters, she worked at the University of Utah as a research scientist for five years. During this time, she co-taught a course at the 1999 SIGGRAPH conference on non-photorealistic rendering and co-authored the first textbook in the field, Non-Photorealistic Rendering, with her husband Bruce Gooch. In 2004, she began her PhD in computer science at Northwestern University and graduated in 2006. Following her PhD, she joined the faculty at the University of Victoria in British Columbia as an assistant professor of computer science. In 2013, she joined the Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute to help develop the ViSUS software core into a product. In 2014, she became an adjunct professor of computer science at Texas A&M University.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 62,
"passage": "university of victoria",
"start": 40,
"text": "University of Victoria"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
... |
Brand New Eyes World Tour | [
{
"indices": [
4,
20
],
"target": "Honda Civic Tour"
},
{
"indices": [
390,
399
],
"target": "Ignorance (song)"
},
{
"indices": [
997,
1016
],
"target": "That's What You Get"
},
{
"indices": [
1023,
1032
],
"... | p_3789 | The Honda Civic tour was the biggest production the band had had so far. The stage was constructed of 3 ramps up to a platform behind the drum set, and 6 large video screens behind that. The show began with a large black curtain concealing the stage while the band played an instrumental intro, with spotlights revealing the silhouettes of the band. As the intro ended, they begin playing "Ignorance" as the curtain simultaneously dropped, the video screens flashing the band's logo during the intro, as the intro progressed the video screen changed to images of light bulbs (similar to the song's music video) during the intro, light bulbs also swung down from the top of the stage, continuing to swing throughout the song. The band then played "Feeling Sorry" as the video screens each showed a live feed of each member of the band performing during the choruses, at the end of the bridge the band would stop playing and Hayley would greet the crowd and welcome them to the tour. After playing "That's What You Get" and "Emergency" the band played "Playing God" as the video screens showed images of picture frames, the same picture frames on the back of Brand New Eyes and the song's single cover. After that they played Careful, as images of the Brand New Eyes butterfly flashed during the chorus, they then continued with their hit-single "Decode" as the video screen showed the band running through the forest with fireworks and flares, the video has been described as a part-two to the songs music video. After that Hayley Williams and Josh Farro moved to stage left and performed an acoustic cover of Loretta Lynn's "You Ain't Women Enough." After that, a red couch (similar to the one on the cover of All We Know is Falling) and a small lamp were brought out and the band performed a three song acoustic set, during this the light bulbs from Ignorance were brought down again to illuminate the stage. After that the band returned with "Let the Flames Begin" while the video screens showed images of open hands during the 'Oh Father' outro. They then performed "Crushcrushcrush" and "Pressure " stopping in the bridge during "Pressure" for Hayley to introduce all the band members, and for Josh to introduce Hayley. They then performed "Looking Up" while each of the video screens showed lyrics to the song and each of the band members daily lives, at the end of the song all the members came together to ride bikes as the split-screens faded away. They then ended their main set with their biggest hit "The Only Exception" as pyrotechnics were used during the last chorus of the song. The band then exited and come back for an encore, starting with "Brick By Boring Brick" while the video screens showed various images, including deserts, snakes, the Brand New Eyes butterfly, and hot air balloons. After "Brick" the band concluded their set with their breakthrough song "Misery Business" as flashing images of the "Riot!" logo filled the video screens, during the bridge Williams would let one, or sometimes various fans on stage to sing the rest of the song or sometimes play guitar, and as the last chorus came in confetti cannons were shot towards the crowd. The set concluded with the video screen showing Paramore's logo and the band bowing then leaving the stage. They used the same production for their Oceania and UK tours.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 166,
"passage": "honda civic tour",
"start": 161,
"text": "2001,"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
John Howard Taylor | [
{
"indices": [
27,
34
],
"target": "Peckham"
},
{
"indices": [
137,
149
],
"target": "South Africa"
},
{
"indices": [
162,
179
],
"target": "Western Australia"
},
{
"indices": [
208,
222
],
"target": "Shire o... | p_3790 | Taylor was born in 1861 in Peckham, to John and Mary Jane Cash. He worked in stockbroker's office in London and in 1880s he emigrated to South Africa and than to Western Australia in early 1890 following the Ashburton rush. In January 1891, he settled in Southern Cross, where he worked as a merchant and stockbroker. Three years later, he moved his operations at Coolgardie, where a promising gold field had been just discovered. Sitting at the town council, he was elected on 3 August 1896 one of the three members of the Western Australian Legislative Council for the East Province. He was one of the ten Western Australia representatives at the 1897-1898 Australasian Federal Convention, which prepared the federation. He left the council in 1899 to focus on speculative developments. He made estimated 250,000 pounds in speculating in Australia, before moving back to Europe to speculate on London Stock Exchange.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
34
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "Taylor was born in 1861 in Peckham"
}
],
"qid"... |
Freddie Bell and the Bellboys | [
{
"indices": [
24,
31
],
"target": "Mercury Records"
},
{
"indices": [
66,
79
],
"target": "Film producer"
},
{
"indices": [
80,
91
],
"target": "Sam Katzman"
},
{
"indices": [
119,
140
],
"target": "Rock Aro... | p_3791 | The group was signed to Mercury in 1956, and were also spotted by film producer Sam Katzman. He offered them a part in Rock Around the Clock, the first rock and roll movie, starring Bill Haley. The first single for their new label was shared with Jerry Wallace, who later hit with "How The Time Flies" on Challenge. This record, on the Mercury subsidiary Wing Records was "I Said It And I'm Glad" b/w Jerry Wallace, "Eyes Of Fire Lips Of Wine", which was released February 27, 1956. Their second single was released on the same date. The A-side "Ding Dong", was written by Bell and his friend Pep Lattanzi in 1953. Later known as "Giddy Up a Ding Dong", it was not a hit in the United States, but it was popular in Australia, France, and the UK, where it climbed to number four in the UK Singles Chart. The publicity for the single said, "If these sides don't move you, see a doctor – you're dead." The lyrics to the song are about a horse ride, with a definite western flavor, with the music having a loping, horse like cadence. The group also appeared in the 1956 film, Rumble on the Docks. In 1957, they became one of the first American rock and roll acts to tour the UK in 1956 when they supported Tommy Steele.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 601,
"passage": "mercury records",
"start": 541,
"text": "Irving Green, Berle Adams, Ray Greenberg and Arthur Talmadge"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
... |
Australian Party | [
{
"indices": [
0,
12
],
"target": "Billy Hughes"
},
{
"indices": [
26,
40
],
"target": "Prime Minister of Australia"
},
{
"indices": [
83,
94
],
"target": "Australian Labor Party"
},
{
"indices": [
100,
120
],
... | p_3792 | Billy Hughes was a former prime minister who had been successively a member of the Labor Party, the National Labor Party, and the Nationalist Party. By 1928, he was the de facto leader of a group of backbenchers hostile to the government of Stanley Bruce (who had replaced him as Nationalist leader in 1923). He and his supporters began to frequently cross the floor and vote against the government, particularly on the controversial subject of industrial relations. On 22 August 1929, Hughes and Edward Mann were expelled from the Nationalist Party for voting in favour of an unsuccessful censure motion against the government. Tensions finally came to a head on 10 September, when Hughes successfully moved an amendment to the government's flagship Maritime Industries Bill. Bruce took this to be a vote of no confidence, and called an election for 12 October. Labor under James Scullin won a landslide victory, while Hughes and two other ex-Nationalists were re-elected as independents.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 191,
"passage": "billy hughes",
"start": 179,
"text": "1915 to 1923"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
... |
Vintage Crop | [
{
"indices": [
73,
88
],
"target": "Granville Again"
},
{
"indices": [
96,
111
],
"target": "Champion Hurdle"
},
{
"indices": [
115,
136
],
"target": "Cheltenham Racecourse"
},
{
"indices": [
215,
238
],
"tar... | p_3793 | In 1993, Vintage Crop made a brief return to hurdling to finish sixth to Granville Again in the Champion Hurdle at Cheltenham Racecourse before being aimed at long distance races on the flat. He won a minor race at Leopardstown Racecourse and the Listed Curragh Cup as well as being placed in the Saval Beg Stakes and the Meld Stakes and finishing sixth in the Ascot Gold Cup. On 18 September, the gelding ran for the second time in the Irish St Leger and started at odds of 9/2 against a field which included Drum Taps and Snurge. Ridden by Mick Kinane, he took the lead approaching the final quarter mile and won by two and a half lengths from Assessor. Vintage Crop was then sent to Australia in an attempt to become the first foreign-trained horse to win the Melbourne Cup. Ridden again by Kinane, the Irish gelding produced a strong run in the straight to overtake Te Akau Nick in the closing stages and win going away by three lengths. The unplaced horses included Subzero, The Phantom and Drum Taps.
| [] |
Chicago Express Airlines | [
{
"indices": [
53,
71
],
"target": "Endeavor Air"
},
{
"indices": [
75,
82
],
"target": "Atlanta"
},
{
"indices": [
173,
180
],
"target": "MIMIC"
},
{
"indices": [
220,
231
],
"target": "Chicago Air"
},
{... | p_3794 | The airline was established in 1993 by Mike Brady of Express Airlines I in Atlanta, Georgia. The airline started operations in August 1993. Its route structure in many ways mimiced an unrelated defunct predecessor named Chicago Air which also operated from Chicago Midway's airport less than a decade before. On June 1, 1999, Chicago Express became a wholly owned subsidiary of Amtran, later known as ATA Holdings and now Global Aero Logistics, and operated as ATA Connection, a regional code sharing affiliate of the now defunct ATA Airlines (formerly known as American Trans Air). Chicago Express' principal base of operations was Chicago Midway International Airport, where the company maintained its headquarters. For several months before its liquidation, the company also operated a hub in Indianapolis, part of ATA's failed plan for intrastate flights throughout Indiana. However, following ATA Holdings' decision to codeshare flights with Southwest Airlines, a decision was made to terminate Chicago Express effective March 28, 2005, in favor of a strictly mainline operation. CSC Investment Group, Inc., headed by CEO Edward S. Halley, purchased the airline in 2005 for $3.2 million.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": "year",
"answer_value": "1",
"type": "value"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
308
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "The airline was established in 1993 by Mike Brady of Expr... |
John Roberts (journalist) | [
{
"indices": [
61,
73
],
"target": "Jeanne Beker"
},
{
"indices": [
97,
109
],
"target": "The NewMusic"
},
{
"indices": [
113,
120
],
"target": "CITY-DT"
},
{
"indices": [
187,
190
],
"target": "MTV"
},
{... | p_3795 | In 1979, he branched out from his radio work to co-host with Jeanne Beker the music newsmagazine The NewMusic on CITY-TV until 1985. The New Music was a pioneering program that pre-dated MTV. Roberts, Beker and the New Music team won many awards for their work. During that time, Roberts also served as Entertainment reporter for CITY-TV and on occasion filled in for John Majhor and later Brad Giffen on CITY-TV's local music video show Toronto Rocks. In 1984, Roberts was tapped to front Canada's music channel MuchMusic. He and Christopher Ward were the first on-air personalities appearing when the network launched in 1984. At MuchMusic he hosted many programs, including a one-hour heavy metal video show called The Power Hour.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 178,
"passage": "jeanne beker",
"start": 162,
"text": "Toronto, Ontario"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
"indices"... |
Alan Kreider | [
{
"indices": [
76,
90
],
"target": "Goshen College"
},
{
"indices": [
224,
233
],
"target": "Cambridge"
},
{
"indices": [
290,
305
],
"target": "Messiah College"
},
{
"indices": [
363,
377
],
"target": "Bethe... | p_3796 | Kreider (sometimes with his wife, Eleanor) has given the Staley Lectures at Goshen College (1987 and 2001), the Laing Lecture at London Bible College (1994), the Tyndale Christian Doctrine Lecture at the Tyndale Fellowship, Cambridge (1996), the Schrag Lectures and Sider Peace Lectures at Messiah College, Pennsylvania (2001, 2007), the Menno Simons Lectures at Bethel College, Kansas (2001), the Believers Church Lectures at Fresno Pacific University, California, (2002), the Athol Gill Memorial Lecture at Whitley College, Melbourne, Australia (2005), the Annual Lecture at the Macquarie Christian Studies Institute, Sydney (2005), and the Augsburger Mission Lectures at Eastern Mennonite University (2012). He has spoken at the Wheaton College (Illinois) Theology Conference (2007), the Calvin Theological Seminary Symposium on Worship (2011), Tyndale University College and Seminary and Wycliffe College, Toronto (2011). He has been Senior Mission Scholar in Residence at the Overseas Ministries Study Center, New Haven, Connecticut (2005).
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
711,
909
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He has spoken at the Wheaton College (Illinois) Theology ... |
John Vincent Barry | [
{
"indices": [
26,
48
],
"target": "Australian Labor Party"
},
{
"indices": [
82,
107
],
"target": "Division of Wakefield"
},
{
"indices": [
115,
137
],
"target": "Politics of Australia"
},
{
"indices": [
256,
294
... | p_3797 | In 1939, Barry joined the Australian Labor Party and ran, unsuccessfully, for the federal seat of Balaclava in the electoral year of 1943. However, he later became a member of the Victorian central executive in 1945–47, as well as becoming a member of the Overseas Telecommunications Commission in 1946-47. He was also elected chairman of the ethics committee of the Australian Journalists' Association, after becoming a member in 1943. Appointed as a King's Counsel (now known as the Senior Counsel) in 1942, Barry assisted Sir Charles Lowe in the inquiry into the Darwin air raids. Representing the politician, Eddie Ward in a royal commission into the Brisbane Line, Barry was appointed commissioner to investigate the suspension of government in Papua New Guinea.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
0,
138
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "In 1939, Barry joined the Australian Labor Party and ran, u... |
Occupy Melbourne | [
{
"indices": [
23,
38
],
"target": "Social movement"
},
{
"indices": [
86,
95
],
"target": "Melbourne"
},
{
"indices": [
97,
106
],
"target": "Australia"
},
{
"indices": [
129,
144
],
"target": "Occupy moveme... | p_3798 | Occupy Melbourne was a social movement which took place from late 2011 to mid 2012 in Melbourne, Australia as part of the global Occupy movement. Participants expressed grievances concerning economic inequality, social injustice, corruption in the financial sector, corporate greed and the influence of companies and lobbyists on government. Protests began on 15 October 2011 in City Square with a 6-day-long protest encampment, from which people were forcibly evicted by Victoria Police at the request of the City of Melbourne CEO on 21 October 2011. From 2 November 2011, Occupy set up camp in Treasury Gardens before being moved on from that location in December. A significantly diminished number of protesters set up camp at Father Bob's church at his invitation until his retirement in January 2012. Physical manifestations of the movement had largely dissipated by mid-2012 though it adopted a strategy of decentralisation and became influential in the creation of new community networks, affinity groups and collectives.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": [
{
"end": 798,
"passage": "occupy movement",
"start": 769,
"text": "New York City's Zuccotti Park"
}
],
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "span"
},
"context": [
{
... |
Virginio Vespignani | [
{
"indices": [
45,
85
],
"target": "Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls"
},
{
"indices": [
127,
148
],
"target": "Accademia di San Luca"
},
{
"indices": [
280,
285
],
"target": "Anzio"
},
{
"indices": [
340,
352... | p_3799 | In 1869, he became the main architect of the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls. He was professor of architecture at the Academy of Saint Luke, and became president of the institution. He served on many boards and honorary memberships. He helped restore the Papal palace in Anzio. He helped design the layout of the Cemetery of Rome (Campo Verano). He helped design the Palazzo of monsignor Ferrari in Ceprano, the church of Santa Maria in Capranica, and the Palace of Marchese Chino Ferrari in Ceprano. He helped design the New Theaters of Orvieto and of Viterbo. He was responsible for organizing pyrotechnic spectacles and stagepieces for festivals in Castel Sant' Angelo He worked on the restoration of San Lorenzo in Damaso. He has been awarded as knight of the Order of San Silvestro, and that of the Order of Christ of Portugal, or the order of San Gregorio. He receive the Order of the Guadalupe of Mexico, a medal from Emperor Franz Joseph of Austria, Charles the third of Spain. In 1855 the municipality of Rome conferred him a gold medal, for his work during a cholera epidemic.
| [
{
"answer": {
"answer_spans": null,
"answer_unit": null,
"answer_value": null,
"type": "none"
},
"context": [
{
"indices": [
87,
190
],
"passage": "main",
"text": "He was professor of architecture at the Academy of Saint L... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.