http://GoogleLabs.com</nowiki> now returns a DNS look-up failure. Google still has many links to its defunct \"labs\" tools in Google blogs that are readily accessible through a Google search. Google Labs Google Labs was a page created by Google to demonstrate and test new projects. Google described Google Labs as \"a playground where our more adventurous","title":"Google Labs"},{"psg_id":"14326262","text":"Google Environment Google Energy LLC is a subsidiary company of Alphabet Inc., which was created to reduce costs of energy consumption of the Google Group, and subsequently to produce and sell clean energy. The division also allows it to take advantage of projects funded through the philanthropic Google.org. By 2007 Google had invested a substantial amount of money in wind, solar, solar thermal, and geothermal projects, including a 1.6 MW solar installation pilot project at its headquarters. In 2010 Google Energy made its first investment in a renewable-energy project, putting up US$38.8 million for two wind farms in North Dakota.","title":"Google Environment"},{"psg_id":"15368410","text":"system, publishers are only given user data if the user specifies that they can have it. Users outside the countries/regions listed below only had access to free applications through Google One Pass. Paid content was available to Google One Pass users only in the following countries: Initially the service allowed publishers in any country where Google Checkout was available to distribute content through One Pass. Google One Pass Google One Pass was an online store developed by Google for publishers looking to sell subscriptions to their content. Similar to the Android Market, where \"apps\" are sold to users via their","title":"Google One Pass"},{"psg_id":"15975776","text":"Furthermore, the yearly payments offer a discount. In May 2018, Google announced that storage plans (including the free 15 gigabyte plan) would be moved over to Google One. , these are the storage plans offered by Google: Chromebook users can obtain 100 GB of Google Drive storage free for 2 years as long as the promotion is activated within 180 days of the Chromebook device's initial purchase. This is available in all countries where Google Drive is available. Offer can only be redeemed once per device. Used, open-box, and refurbished devices are not eligible for the offer. Google offers 30","title":"Google Drive"},{"psg_id":"4577157","text":"state that usage of material from Google Maps is regulated by Google Terms of Service and some additional restrictions. Google has either purchased local map data from established companies, or has entered into lease agreements to use copyrighted map data. The owner of the copyright is listed at the bottom of zoomed maps. For example, street maps in Japan are leased from Zenrin. Street maps in China are leased from AutoNavi. Russian street maps are leased from Geocentre Consulting and Tele Atlas. Data for North Korea is sourced from the companion project Google Map Maker. In areas where Google Map","title":"Google Maps"},{"psg_id":"17565953","text":"Google Express Google Express, formerly Google Shopping Express, is a shopping service from Google available in some parts of the United States that was launched on a free trial basis across the San Francisco Peninsula. Originally it was a same-day service. It later expanded to same-day and overnight delivery. Originally pricing was the same as in-person shopping, but later increased to the point where prices are typically US$4-$10 more per item; Google Express Help said, \"Because item prices are set by stores, sometimes you'll see prices on Google Express that differ from what you'd see in the store: this depends","title":"Google Express"},{"psg_id":"3946671","text":"12,000 employees. Google has a total of four offices in India, including its country headquarters in Hyderabad, and over 1 lakh sq ft office space leased in the First International Finance Centre in the Bandra Kurla Complex. Google announced the launch of a new company, called Calico, on September 19, 2013, to be led by Apple, Inc. chairman Arthur Levinson. In the official public statement, Page explained that the \"health and well-being\" company would focus on \"the challenge of ageing and associated diseases\". Google celebrated its 15-year anniversary on September 27, 2013, and in 2016 it celebrated its 18th birthday","title":"Google"},{"psg_id":"18461641","text":"as google map does. The iconic symbol will become a navigating landmark for the flying birds.\" Jaime Derriger wrote, \"The icon that we have all come to know and love which graces our Google maps to let us know where we are, or where we need to go, has become ubiquitous. Designer Shu-Chun Hsiao realized this and created the Google Birdhouse Project, an ongoing project to give birds destinations of their own, just like Google maps does for humans\". Google Maps pin The Google Maps pin is the inverted-drop-shaped icon that marks locations in Google Maps. The pin is protected","title":"Google Maps pin"},{"psg_id":"3070702","text":"for a web site to opt out of Sidewiki; however, Sidewiki is disabled on secure sites. In September 2011, Google announced that it would discontinue Sidewiki. My Location is a geolocation service which uses the location of Wi-Fi access points to determine the toolbar user's location. This location is used to optimize search results based on where the user is located. Google Toolbar can also provide the geolocation data to third-party websites through the W3C Geolocation API. Google Toolbar was criticized when the AutoLink feature was added to the toolbar because this new feature directed users to pre-selected commercial websites","title":"Google Toolbar"},{"psg_id":"3544694","text":"has a variety of specific keywords and categories that it prohibits that vary by type and by country. For example, use of keywords for alcohol related products are prohibited in Thailand and Turkey; keywords for gambling and casinos are prohibited in Poland; keywords for abortion services are prohibited in Russia and Ukraine; and keywords for adult related services or products are prohibited worldwide as of June 2014. Google Ads Google Ads (previously Google AdWords, before July 24, 2018) is an online advertising platform developed by Google, where advertisers pay to display brief advertisements, service offerings, product listings, video content and","title":"Google Ads"},{"psg_id":"17962367","text":"with other notable cloud service providers, a comparison of similar services may be helpful in understanding Google Cloud Platform's offerings. Similar to offerings by Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure, and IBM, a series of Google Cloud Certified programs are available on the Google Cloud Platform. Participants can choose between online learning programs provided by Coursera or Qwiklabs as well as live workshops and webinars. Depending on the program, certifications can be earned online or at various testing centers located globally. Google Cloud Platform Google Cloud Platform, offered by Google, is a suite of cloud computing services that runs on the","title":"Google Cloud Platform"},{"psg_id":"7576077","text":"contacts and displays birthday cards on a yearly basis, and Holidays, a country-specific calendar that displays dates of special occasions. Over time, Google has added functionality that makes use of machine learning, including \"Events from Gmail\", where event information from a user's Gmail messages are automatically added to Google Calendar; \"Reminders\", where users add to-do activities that can be automatically updated with new information; \"Smart Suggestions\", where the app recommends titles, contacts, and locations when creating events; and \"Goals\", where users enter information on a specified personal goal, and the app automatically schedules the activity at optimal times. Google Calendar's","title":"Google Calendar"},{"psg_id":"16347665","text":"and on August 21, 2012 they were made official by Google and rolled out over the next few weeks. Google Play gift cards are currently available in Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States. Google introduced in-app subscriptions to Google Play in May 2012. In June 2016, some sources reported that Google announced that subscriptions charged through Google Play would now split the revenue 85/15, where developers","title":"Google Play"},{"psg_id":"18652394","text":"at number three in Australia and New Zealand, becoming the highest charting entries for Skrillex, Diplo and Bieber in the former. Eventually, it was certified two-times platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) and three-time platinum by the Recorded Music NZ; it was also the ninth highest-selling single of 2015 in the latter. The song also reached the top-ten in Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Netherlands and Sweden. From May 29 to May 31, 2015, there was an event held at the Jack Ü headquarters for fans to customize the photo-shoots for the \"Where Are Ü Now\" music video with crayons","title":"Where Are Ü Now"},{"psg_id":"3946695","text":"for Mobile\", taking advantage of the emerging mobile advertising market. Google Analytics allows website owners to track where and how people use their website, for example by examining click rates for all the links on a page. Google advertisements can be placed on third-party websites in a two-part program. Google's AdWords allows advertisers to display their advertisements in the Google content network, through a cost-per-click scheme. The sister service, Google AdSense, allows website owners to display these advertisements on their website and earn money every time ads are clicked. One of the criticisms of this program is the possibility of","title":"Google"},{"psg_id":"7576081","text":"a country-specific calendar featuring dates of special occasions. The user interface of Google Calendar was originally designed by Kevin Fox. Google Calendar allows the user to import events from a different calendar application, with notable support for both Microsoft Outlook and Apple iCloud calendars. In December 2010, Google added the ability for users to select a time zone for an event, a notable feature that was previously missing; the feature's absence was criticized in the media. In August 2015, Google added an \"Events from Gmail\" feature, where event information from a user's Gmail messages are automatically added to Google Calendar.","title":"Google Calendar"},{"psg_id":"3544688","text":"patent. In May 2011, Google cancelled the AdWord advertisement purchased by a Dublin sex worker rights group named \"Turn Off the Blue Light\" (TOBL), claiming that it represented an \"egregious violation\" of company ad policy by \"selling adult sexual services\". However, TOBL is a nonprofit campaign for sex worker rights and is not advertising or selling adult sexual services. After TOBL members held a protest outside Google's European headquarters in Dublin and sent in written complaints, Google reviewed the group's website. Google found the website content to be advocating a political position, and restored the AdWord advertisement. In June 2012,","title":"Google Ads"},{"psg_id":"16898081","text":"overall internet population\". Google Surveys has been compared to SurveyMonkey (which also offers both a survey creation interface as well as a way to purchase an audience), where it was praised for its low cost per response but was found to have less flexibility in designing the survey. Google has also reviewed Google Surveys in a white paper, concluding that \"Google Consumer Surveys can be used in place of more traditional Internet-based panels without sacrificing accuracy\" while also stating that \"[s]ince Google Consumer Surveys only allows one-question or screening two-question surveys, analysis of the relationships between survey questions are difficult","title":"Google Surveys"},{"psg_id":"5361950","text":"that are not accepted today.\"\" Armadillo World Headquarters Armadillo World Headquarters (sometimes called simply The 'Dillo) was a music venue and nightclub located in Austin, Texas from 1970 to 1980. It is located at 505 Barton Springs Rd, Austin. In 1970, Austin's flagship rock music venue, the Vulcan Gas Company, closed, leaving the city's nascent live music scene without an incubator. One night, Eddie Wilson, manager of the local group Shiva's Headband, stepped outside a nightclub where the band was playing and noticed an old, abandoned National Guard armory. Wilson found an unlocked garage door on the building and was","title":"Armadillo World Headquarters"},{"psg_id":"3544663","text":"Google Ads Google Ads (previously Google AdWords, before July 24, 2018) is an online advertising platform developed by Google, where advertisers pay to display brief advertisements, service offerings, product listings, video content and generate mobile application installs within the Google ad network to web users. Google Ads' system is based partly on cookies and partly on keywords determined by advertisers. Google uses these characteristics to place advertising copy on pages where they think it might be relevant. Advertisers pay when users divert their browsing to click on the advertising copy. Partner websites receive a portion of the generated income. Google","title":"Google Ads"},{"psg_id":"3946716","text":"be the world's most attractive employer to graduating students in the Universum Communications talent attraction index. Google's corporate philosophy includes principles such as \"you can make money without doing evil,\" \"you can be serious without a suit,\" and \"work should be challenging and the challenge should be fun.\" As a motivation technique, Google uses a policy known as Innovation Time Off, where Google engineers are encouraged to spend 20% of their work time on projects that interest them. Some of Google's services, such as Gmail, Google News, Orkut, and AdSense originated from these independent endeavors. In a talk at Stanford","title":"Google"},{"psg_id":"11978096","text":"into Friend Connect with a Google Account.\" There are three types of information that make up user data in Google Friend Connect. Responsibility is left to individual websites to make the decision to allow the Google Friend Connect service or not. To access Google Friend Connect, sign in is by Google Account or other services that support OpenID such as Yahoo and AOL Instant Messenger. Google states it has five privacy principles. These principles set out their guidelines for governing privacy. They state that; However, a breach was reported in November 2010, where an exploit allowed users to harvest email","title":"Google Friend Connect"},{"psg_id":"3946724","text":"for a single building in the United States that year. In February 2012, Google moved additional employees to the New York City campus, with a total of around 2,750 employees. Google's New York City location continued to expand in 2018. In March of that year, Google's parent company Alphabet bought Chelsea Market building for $2.4 billion nearby its current New York HQ. The sale is touted as one of the most expensive real estate transactions for a single building in the history of New York. The same December, it was announced that a $1 billion, headquarters for Google would be","title":"Google"},{"psg_id":"5412076","text":"hosted on Google's servers, which are contacted by the application when opened, requiring an Internet connection. Imagery resolution ranges from 15 meters of resolution to 15 centimeters. For much of the Earth, Google Earth uses digital elevation model data collected by NASA's Shuttle Radar Topography Mission. This creates the impression of three-dimensional terrain, even where the imagery is only two-dimensional. Every image created from Google Earth using satellite data provided by Google Earth is a copyrighted map. Any derivative from Google Earth is made from copyrighted data which, under United States Copyright Law, may not be used except under the","title":"Google Earth"},{"psg_id":"16776533","text":"a while. However, Google has since stated. that they consider these links to be spam. Google has encouraged companies to reform their bad practices and as a result demand that efforts are taken to remove manipulative links. Google launched the Disavow tool on 16 October 2012 so that people could report to Google the bad links they had. The Disavow tool was launched mainly in response to many reports of negative SEO, where companies were being targeted with manipulative links by competitors knowing full well that they would be penalized as a result. There has been some controversy over whether","title":"Google penalty"},{"psg_id":"20636531","text":"events include hackathons as well as startup residency programs for entrepreneurs and even free yoga and mindfulness sessions for entrepreneurs. From time to time, Google employees are deployed to conduct workshops (such as sales training, technical discussions, pioneering philosophical thought experiments) as well as conferences with Google-related products and platforms such as the Google Cloud Platform. As of 2018, its Campuses are located in 6 different cities spanning across Europe, Asia, and South America: In 2017, another Campus location was planned to be launched in the neighborhood of Kreuzberg in Berlin, Germany. This led to concerns from local residents on","title":"Google for Entrepreneurs"},{"psg_id":"18059687","text":"Google Chrome App A Google Chrome App is a web application that runs on the Google Chrome web browser. Chrome apps can be obtained from the Chrome Web Store where apps, extensions, and themes can be installed or bought. There are two types of apps, hosted and packaged, which have different locations of their executable and are targeted at different use cases. On August 19, 2016, Google announced that it would begin phasing out Chrome Apps for Windows, Mac and Linux (both packaged and hosted) by the end of 2016, finishing the process in early 2018. The company said that","title":"Google Chrome App"},{"psg_id":"14407035","text":"after it first announced that it would be coming to the city—faster than it had ever deployed before—by using shallow trenching. In February 2014, Google announced it had \"invited cities in nine metro areas around the U.S.—34 cities altogether—to work with us to explore what it would take to bring them Google Fiber.\" The remaining metropolitan areas where Fiber has not yet begun constructing are: Phoenix, Portland, San Antonio and San Jose. Of these, the following have yet to be selected by Google for fiber deployments: On April 15, 2014, Google began polling business users on their need for gigabit","title":"Google Fiber"},{"psg_id":"3946730","text":"by a team of employees termed \"Doodlers\". Google has a tradition of creating April Fools' Day jokes. On April 1, 2000, Google MentalPlex allegedly featured the use of mental power to search the web. In 2007, Google announced a free Internet service called TiSP, or Toilet Internet Service Provider, where one obtained a connection by flushing one end of a fiber-optic cable down their toilet. Also in 2007, Google's Gmail page displayed an announcement for Gmail Paper, allowing users to have email messages printed and shipped to them. In 2008, Google announced Gmail Custom time where users could change the","title":"Google"},{"psg_id":"3946689","text":"and 6 blogs on Blogger due to their engagement in politically motivated phishing, the deleted accounts were found to be tied with Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB). Google data centers are located in North and South America, Asia, Europe. Traditionally, Google relied on parallel computing on commodity hardware like mainstream x86 computers similar to home PCs to keep costs per query low. In 2005, it started developing its own designs, which were only revealed in 2009. In October 2013, \"The Washington Post\" reported that the U.S. National Security Agency intercepted communications between Google's data centers, as part of a","title":"Google"},{"psg_id":"19192213","text":"Google Santa Tracker Google Santa Tracker is an annual Christmas-themed entertainment program first launched in 2004 by Google, Inc. that allows users to track Santa during Christmas Eve and before that allows users to play, watch, and learn through little activities that are added daily from the start of December. Google's rival Santa tracker, NORAD Tracks Santa, has operated since 1955. In early 2004, Google saw the NORAD Tracks Santa service and said they \"felt like it could be better for users to 'visualize' where Santa is currently at\". So, in 2004, after Keyhole, Inc. was acquired by Google, they","title":"Google Santa Tracker"},{"psg_id":"11291634","text":"of US$500. There was a grand prize of a trip to the Google headquarters for an award ceremony. Each participating open source project selected one contestant to receive the grand prize, for a total of 10 grand prize winners. Google Highly Open Participation Contest The Google Highly Open Participation Contest was a contest run by Google during 2007-2008 aimed at high school students. The contest was designed to encourage high school students to participate in open source projects. It was succeeded by Google Code-in. The contest was open to students thirteen years of age or older who were then currently","title":"Google Highly Open Participation Contest"},{"psg_id":"18059689","text":"without a classic window menu and operating system user interface elements. Hosted apps are the original type of Chrome apps. They contain a single manifest file that contains the URL and additional information about the app. Hosted apps are usually offline and are subject to regular web page security restrictions. Google Chrome App A Google Chrome App is a web application that runs on the Google Chrome web browser. Chrome apps can be obtained from the Chrome Web Store where apps, extensions, and themes can be installed or bought. There are two types of apps, hosted and packaged, which have","title":"Google Chrome App"},{"psg_id":"7671522","text":"following month it opened \"Google Shops\", store-within-a-store locations at select Best Buy stores in Canada. On the Internet, the Google Store replaced the Devices section on the Google Play website. In October 2016, Google opened Made by Google, a temporary pop-up showroom in the SoHo neighborhood of New York City. The space offered a glimpse at hardware products the company had recently developed, including the Pixel smartphone, Google Home smart speaker, and Daydream View virtual reality headset. In November 2016, Google opened \"Google Shop\", a store-within-a-store where Google displays its hardware products. The Google Shops, available at select Best Buy","title":"Google Store"},{"psg_id":"4352930","text":"Google Labs Google Labs was a page created by Google to demonstrate and test new projects. Google described Google Labs as \"a playground where our more adventurous users can play around with prototypes of some of our wild and crazy ideas and offer feedback directly to the engineers who developed them.\" Google also uses an invitation-only phase for trusted testers to test projects including Gmail, Google Calendar and Google Wave and many of these have their own \"labs\" webpages for experimental projects unique to each product. In 2006, all Google Labs products had a consistent logo, using the flask, and","title":"Google Labs"},{"psg_id":"2410599","text":"Google Shopping Google Shopping, formerly Google Product Search, Google Products and Froogle, is a Google service invented by Craig Nevill-Manning which allows users to search for products on online shopping websites and compare prices between different vendors. Originally, the service listed prices submitted by merchants, and was monetized through AdWords advertising like other Google services. However, in May 2012, Google announced that the service (which was also immediately renamed Google Shopping) would shift in late-2012 to a paid model where merchants would have to pay the company in order to list their products on the service. In June 2017, Google","title":"Google Shopping"},{"psg_id":"18657488","text":"copyrights in developing its Google Book Search database. The Google Book Search Settlement Agreement was a proposed settlement agreement between the Authors Guild, the Association of American Publishers and Google in settlement of Authors Guild v. Google|\"Authors Guild et al. v. Google\", a class action lawsuit alleging copyright infringement. The settlement was initially proposed in 2008, and ultimately rejected by the court in 2011. In late 2013, the presiding U.S. Circuit Judge dismissed \"Authors Guild et al. v. Google\". Field v. Google, Inc. is a case where Google successfully defended a lawsuit for copyright infringement. Field argued that Google infringed","title":"Google litigation"},{"psg_id":"12409183","text":"its own web store where users and developers can upload and download these applications and extensions. Google Chrome Google Chrome (commonly known simply as Chrome) is a freeware web browser developed by Google LLC. It was first released on September 2, 2008 for Microsoft Windows, and was later ported to Linux, macOS, iOS and Android. Google Chrome is also the main component of Chrome OS, where it serves as a platform for running web apps. Google releases the majority of Chrome's source code as the Chromium open-source project; however, Chrome itself is proprietary software. One component that is not open-source","title":"Google Chrome"},{"psg_id":"8693729","text":"in a Google Wave hosted permanently by Google at no cost to the user. As of early 2013, Google Gadgets were deprecated in Google Spreadsheets. Shortly after, they were removed from all spreadsheets. Google Gadgets are written in XML and can have HTML and Javascript components, and were able to use Google Wave. Here is an example of a Hello World program written using Google Gadget technology. Google Gadgets API is a Google API which allows developers to create Google Gadgets easily. Google Gadgets Google Gadgets are dynamic web content that can be embedded on a web page. They can","title":"Google Gadgets"},{"psg_id":"15842676","text":"FIFA headquarters The headquarters of FIFA (German: \"FIFA-Hauptquartier\") is a distinctive complex in Zürich. The complex has served as the official headquarters of FIFA since its completion in 2006. It is located on the Zürichberg, a wooded hill in District 7. As well as offices, the complex includes a fitness centre, a meditation room, geographically themed parks, a full-size international football pitch and full-size beach soccer pitch. The main building has only two upper levels, but five underground levels, resulting in two thirds of the headquarters lying underground. \"Places where people make decisions should only contain indirect light,\" said Sepp","title":"FIFA headquarters"},{"psg_id":"15975794","text":"supported by Team Drives. Google Docs, Google Sheets, Google Slides, and Google Forms constitute a free, web-based office suite offered by Google and integrated with Google Drive. It allows users to create and edit documents, spreadsheets, and presentations online while collaborating in real-time with other users. The three apps are available as web applications, as Chrome apps that work offline, and as mobile apps for Android and iOS. The apps are compatible with Microsoft Office file formats. The suite also consists of Google Forms, Google Drawings and Google Fusion Tables. While Forms and Tables are only available as web applications,","title":"Google Drive"},{"psg_id":"10657913","text":"FCA US LLC Headquarters and Technology Center The FCA US LLC Headquarters and Technology Center is the North American headquarters and main research and development facility for the automobile manufacturer FCA US LLC (commonly known as Chrysler). in the United States. It is located in the Metro Detroit suburb of Auburn Hills, Michigan. Completed in 1996, the complex has on located near Interstate 75. CRSS Architects designed the FCA US LLC Headquarters and Technology Center in a cross-axial formation where its elongated atrium topped concourses converge with an octagonal radiant skylight at its center. The rounded-off exterior corners are meant","title":"FCA US LLC Headquarters and Technology Center"},{"psg_id":"4577143","text":"first announced on the Google Blog on February 8, 2005, and was located at Google. In September 2005, in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, Google Maps quickly updated its satellite imagery of New Orleans to allow users to view the extent of the flooding in various parts of that city. (Oddly, in March 2007, imagery showing hurricane damage was replaced with images from before the storm; this replacement was not made on Google Earth, which still uses post-Katrina imagery.) In October 2009, Google replaced Tele Atlas as their primary supplier of geo spatial data in the US version of Maps","title":"Google Maps"},{"psg_id":"15721345","text":"no longer needed a Google+ profile to share content and communicate with contacts. The transition began with YouTube, where a Google+ profile was no longer required to create, upload, or comment on a channel, but a Google+ page was instead required. YouTube comments no longer appeared on Google+ or vice versa. On November 18, 2015, Google+ underwent a redesign with the stated intent of making the site simpler and faster, making the new features of Communities and Collections more prominent, and removing features such as Hangouts integration, Events and Custom URLs, though Events and Custom URLs were eventually added back.","title":"Google+"},{"psg_id":"160968","text":"by law enforcement agencies, is subject to legislation in different jurisdictions and working practices; the law may mandate, prohibit, or say nothing about logging of various types of information. Some search engines, located in jurisdictions where it is not illegal, make a feature of not storing user search information. The keywords suggested by the Autocomplete feature show a population of users' research which is made possible by an identity management system. Volumes of personal data are collected via Eddystone web and proximity beacons. Google has been criticized for placing long-term cookies on users' machines to store these preferences, a tactic","title":"Google Search"},{"psg_id":"15810180","text":"it will be available to look up later. By contrast, an explicit instruction to remember the material does not have a significant effect on recall. Lastly, if the information is saved, people are much more likely to remember where the information is located than to recall the information itself. In addition, people tend to remember either the fact or the location, but not both; this effect persists even when the information is more memorable than the name of the location. A 2012 study by Lav R. Varshney has since proposed that the Google effect can also be seen in doctoral","title":"Google effect"},{"psg_id":"4610284","text":"faculty web pages; access to such self-archived non-subscription versions is now provided by a link to Google, where one can find such open access articles. Through its \"cited by\" feature, Google Scholar provides access to abstracts of articles that have cited the article being viewed. It is this feature in particular that provides the citation indexing previously only found in CiteSeer, Scopus, and Web of Science. Through its \"Related articles\" feature, Google Scholar presents a list of closely related articles, ranked primarily by how similar these articles are to the original result, but also taking into account the relevance of","title":"Google Scholar"},{"psg_id":"12707138","text":"in a starred results list at the top of a new search. The starred results list can be clicked to bring up Google Bookmarks where the list entries can be annotated. Google SearchWiki SearchWiki was a Google Search feature which allowed logged-in users to annotate and re-order search results. The annotations and modified order only applied to the user's searches, but it was possible to view other users' annotations for a given search query. SearchWiki was released on November 20, 2008 and discontinued on March 3, 2010. All previously created SearchWiki edits are preserved on the logged in user's SearchWiki","title":"Google SearchWiki"},{"psg_id":"15368407","text":"Google One Pass Google One Pass was an online store developed by Google for publishers looking to sell subscriptions to their content. Similar to the Android Market, where \"apps\" are sold to users via their Android mobile devices, One Pass offered the ability for publishers of any size, from large media companies to independent publishers, to sell their content through Google's service. The content was made available through both the Internet and Android mobile devices. Google announced the closure of One Pass on April 20, 2012. One Pass was officially announced on February 16, 2011 at Humboldt University in Berlin","title":"Google One Pass"},{"psg_id":"11016492","text":"Führer Headquarters The \"Führer\" Headquarters (\"Führerhauptquartiere\" in German), abbreviated FHQ, is a common name for a number of official headquarters used by the Nazi leader Adolf Hitler and various German commanders and officials throughout Europe during the Second World War. Perhaps the most widely known headquarters was the \"Führerbunker\" in Berlin, Germany, where Hitler committed suicide on 30 April 1945. Other notable headquarters are the \"Wolfsschanze\" (Wolf's Lair) in East Prussia, where Claus von Stauffenberg in league with other conspirators attempted to assassinate Hitler on 20 July 1944, and Hitler's private home, the \"Berghof\", at Obersalzberg near Berchtesgaden, where he","title":"Führer Headquarters"},{"psg_id":"11016498","text":"Campaign. Afterwards, the train was not used as Führer Headquarters, however Hitler continued to travel on it throughout the war between Berlin, Berchtesgaden, Munich and other headquarters. Führer Headquarters The \"Führer\" Headquarters (\"Führerhauptquartiere\" in German), abbreviated FHQ, is a common name for a number of official headquarters used by the Nazi leader Adolf Hitler and various German commanders and officials throughout Europe during the Second World War. Perhaps the most widely known headquarters was the \"Führerbunker\" in Berlin, Germany, where Hitler committed suicide on 30 April 1945. Other notable headquarters are the \"Wolfsschanze\" (Wolf's Lair) in East Prussia, where Claus","title":"Führer Headquarters"},{"psg_id":"4577156","text":"hybrid modes of Google Maps. In collaboration with NASA scientists at the Mars Space Flight Facility located at Arizona State University, Google has provided the public with data collected from two NASA Mars missions, Mars Global Surveyor and 2001 Mars Odyssey. Google Maps interface links through the \"Wikipedia layer\" to the geo-tags placed in English Wikipedia articles, but does not support non-English ones, reducing its usefulness in non-English languages and in non-English speaking territories. It also links to photos with GPS tags from Panoramio. Isochrone maps can be generated using the Google Maps API. The Google Maps terms and conditions","title":"Google Maps"},{"psg_id":"4470916","text":"Google File System Google File System (GFS or GoogleFS) is a proprietary distributed file system developed by Google to provide efficient, reliable access to data using large clusters of commodity hardware. A new version of Google File System code named Colossus was released in 2010. GFS is enhanced for Google's core data storage and usage needs (primarily the search engine), which can generate enormous amounts of data that must be retained; Google File System grew out of an earlier Google effort, \"BigFiles\", developed by Larry Page and Sergey Brin in the early days of Google, while it was still located","title":"Google File System"},{"psg_id":"6529854","text":"websites and apps, the original decision to deprecate it led some developers to criticize Google and question the viability of using Google APIs in their products. Google Translate also provides translations for Google Assistant and the devices that Google Assistant runs on such as Google Home and Google Pixel Buds. The following languages are supported in Google Translate. In April 2006, Google Translate launched with a statistical machine translation engine. Google Translate does not apply grammatical rules, since its algorithms are based on statistical analysis rather than traditional rule-based analysis. The system's original creator, Franz Josef Och, has criticized the","title":"Google Translate"},{"psg_id":"15455151","text":"Norwegian Joint Headquarters The Norwegian Joint Headquarters (, FOH) is the Norwegian Armed Forces operational commando-center. It is located at Reitan outside Bodø, where during the Cold War NATO's Allied Command North Norway was based. The current organization was created on 1 August 2009, replacing a former joint commando center in Stavanger, which merged with the Northern Norway Command. It is led by chief-of-command, Lieutenant general, Rune Jakobsen . His predecessor was Morten Haga Lunde. The Norwegian Armed Forces states that a total number of 500 people are somehow connected to the Commando Central. The Commando Central cooperates with Forsvarets","title":"Norwegian Joint Headquarters"},{"psg_id":"6457363","text":"as an institution: \"the Pink Palace\" and \"the Pink Whorehouse\" are two examples. A fully stocked bar has been located on the 4th floor since 1988. It's operated by the Toronto Police Senior Officers' Association and access to the bar is limited to senior officers, to those ranked inspector or above. Toronto Police Department headquarters from 1835 to 1932: Toronto Police Headquarters Toronto Police Headquarters is the headquarters of the Toronto Police Service, located at 40 College Street in Toronto, Ontario. It is the first purpose built police headquarters in Toronto since the formation of the originating force in 1835.","title":"Toronto Police Headquarters"},{"psg_id":"7123123","text":"launched Simplified Chinese Google News. In 2005, Google China moved from Xinhua Insurance Building outside Jianguomen to Keji Building in the Tsinghua Science Park near the east gate of Tsinghua University, where Google rented two floors. In addition, Google has an office in the Beijing Fortune Center. On 19 July 2005, Kai-Fu Lee, a former Microsoft executive and the founder in 1998 of Microsoft Research Asia , joined Google and officially became the president of Google in China. On the same day, Google announced that it would set up a research and development center in China. In January 2006, Simplified","title":"Google China"},{"psg_id":"5412096","text":"map applications to be built. At its unveiling at Google's 2008 I/O developer conference, the company showcased potential applications such as a game where the player controlled a milktruck atop a Google Earth surface. The Google Earth API has been deprecated as of December 15, 2014 and remained supported until December 15, 2015. Google Chrome ended support for the Netscape Plugin API (which the Google Earth API relies on) by the end of 2016. On November 16, 2016, Google released a virtual reality version of Google Earth for Valve's Steam computer gaming platform. Google Earth VR allows users to navigate","title":"Google Earth"},{"psg_id":"4577142","text":"the company later pitched the idea for a purely Web-based product to Google management, changing the method of distribution. In October 2004, the company was acquired by Google Inc. where it transformed into the web application Google Maps. In the same month, Google acquired Keyhole, a geospatial data visualization company (with controversial investment from the CIA), whose marquee application suite, Earth Viewer, emerged as the highly successful Google Earth application in 2005 while other aspects of its core technology were integrated into Google Maps. In September 2004 Google acquired ZipDash, a company that provided realtime traffic analysis. The application was","title":"Google Maps"},{"psg_id":"4577126","text":"Google Maps Google Maps is a web mapping service developed by Google. It offers satellite imagery, street maps, 360° panoramic views of streets (Street View), real-time traffic conditions (Google Traffic), and route planning for traveling by foot, car, bicycle and air (in beta), or public transportation. Google Maps began as a C++ desktop program at Where 2 Technologies. In October 2004, the company was acquired by Google, which converted it into a web application. After additional acquisitions of a geospatial data visualization company and a realtime traffic analyzer, Google Maps was launched in February 2005. The service's front end utilizes","title":"Google Maps"},{"psg_id":"19518370","text":"colored status LEDs on the top for visual representation of its status, and the cover over the base is modular, with different color options offered through Google Store intended for the device to blend into the environment. In October 2017, Google announced two additions to the product lineup, the Google Home Mini and the Google Home Max. In March 2016, reports were published about Google developing a wireless speaker to compete against the Amazon Echo. Google Home was officially announced at the company's developer conference in May 2016, where it was also announced that Home would run Google Assistant (a","title":"Google Home"},{"psg_id":"17640277","text":"in a project to build a water-based backup data center for Google several years ago as saying that Google may be completing that project. Google barges The Google barges were a group of four floating barges built between 2010 and 2012, intended by Google to serve as \"an interactive space where people can learn about new technology\", possibly as luxury showrooms for Google Glass and other products on an invitation-only basis. Google halted work on the barges in late 2013 and began selling off the barges in 2014. Two of the barges (one San Francisco barge and the former Portland","title":"Google barges"},{"psg_id":"8249081","text":"acquisition. However, effective April 2011 YouTube users are required to link to a separate Google Account if they wish to continue to log into that service. Google Account users may create a publicly accessible Google profile, to configure their presentation on Google products to other Google users. A Google profile can be linked to a user's profiles on various social-networking and image-hosting sites, as well as user blogs. Third-party service providers may implement service authentication for Google Account holders via the Google Account mechanism. While creating a Google account, users are asked to provide a recovery email address to allow","title":"Google Account"},{"psg_id":"13068896","text":"Google Shell Google Shell, or goosh, is an open-source browser based Unix-like shell used as a front end for Google search. Written in AJAX the results are shown directly on the page. Google Shell is open source under the Artistic License/GPL. The code is currently hosted on Google Code. Users are able to use most of the features of Google through specific commands and keywords. Functions that are marked with a * are currently experimental, and should be used with caution. While most of the command results are displayed as text, a few will display a portion of a website","title":"Google Shell"},{"psg_id":"13068897","text":"for you to interact with. The default amount of results when searching is only 4, but this, along with other settings, can be changed. When a user is logged into their Google Account, their settings are saved remotely. Google Shell Google Shell, or goosh, is an open-source browser based Unix-like shell used as a front end for Google search. Written in AJAX the results are shown directly on the page. Google Shell is open source under the Artistic License/GPL. The code is currently hosted on Google Code. Users are able to use most of the features of Google through specific","title":"Google Shell"},{"psg_id":"3946713","text":"of its services. The feature, which lets users create a group consisting of their family members' individual Google accounts, lets users add their \"Family Group\" as a collaborator to shared albums in Google Photos, shared notes in Google Keep, and common events in Google Calendar. At announcement, the feature is limited to Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, Russia, Spain, United Kingdom and United States. Google APIs are a set of application programming interfaces (APIs) developed by Google which allow communication with Google Services and their integration to other services. Examples of these include Search,","title":"Google"},{"psg_id":"18029188","text":"Google Developer Expert A Google Developers Expert (GDE) is a person recognized by Google Inc. as having exemplary expertise in one or more of their Google Developers products. GDEs are awarded through the Google Developers Experts program established and administered by Google. GDEs have a tenure of one year which can be extended through re-interview. A Google Developers Expert cannot be a Google employee whilst a member of the program. GDEs are not permitted to \"make any statements on behalf of Google or any Google company\" and be clear that any opinions are not those of Google. The current Google","title":"Google Developer Expert"},{"psg_id":"8693727","text":"Google Gadgets Google Gadgets are dynamic web content that can be embedded on a web page. They can be added to and interact strongly with Google's iGoogle personalized home page (discontinued in November 2013, although iGoogle Gadgets still work on other websites) and the Google Desktop (discontinued in September 2011) application, as well as Google Wave (also no longer supported by Google) and Google Sites. Webmasters can add and customize a gadget to their own business or personal web site, a process called \"syndication\". Gadgets are developed by Google and third-party developers using the Google Gadgets API, using basic web","title":"Google Gadgets"},{"psg_id":"20290182","text":"Tenrikyo Church Headquarters Tenrikyo Church Headquarters (\"Tenrikyo Kyokai Honbu\" 天理教教会本部) is the main headquarters of the Tenrikyo religion, located in Tenri, Nara, Japan. This establishment is significant to followers because it is built around the \"Jiba\", the spot where followers believe the god Tenri-O-no-Mikoto conceived humankind. The organization of Tenrikyo Church Headquarters consists primarily of the headquarters proper (本部 \"honbu\"), grand churches (大教会 \"daikyōkai\"), branch churches (分教会 \"bunkyōkai\"), and dioceses (教区 \"kyōku\"). Under the management of the main headquarters is a dual organizational structure, such that the grand churches and branch churches minister to adherents genealogically while the dioceses minister","title":"Tenrikyo Church Headquarters"},{"psg_id":"16415817","text":"named Google Glass Breastfeeding app trial, allows mothers to nurse their baby while viewing instructions about common breastfeeding issues (latching on, posture etc.) or call a lactation consultant via a secure Google Hangout, who can view the issue through the mother's Google Glass camera. The trial was successfully concluded in Melbourne in April 2014, with 100% of participants breastfeeding confidently. Brain Power, LLC, is a neuroscience technology company located in Cambridge, MA. It is a software that transformed Google Glass into the world’s first wearable AI system for autism. . Brain Power was founded by Dr. Ned T. Sahin. After","title":"Google Glass"},{"psg_id":"7941133","text":"applications in the Java programming language. The site contains reference information for community based developer products that Google is involved with like Android from the Open Handset Alliance and OpenSocial from the OpenSocial Foundation. Google offers a variety of APIs, mostly web APIs for web developers. The APIs are based on popular Google consumer products, including Google Maps, Google Earth, AdSense, Adwords, Google Apps and YouTube. The Google Data APIs allow programmers to create applications that read and write data from Google services. Currently, these include APIs for Google Apps, Google Analytics, Blogger, Google Base, Google Book Search, Google Calendar,","title":"Google Developers"},{"psg_id":"160975","text":"charity, Google doubled the amount to $12,000. In addition to its tool for searching webpages, Google also provides services for searching images, Usenet newsgroups, news websites, videos, searching by locality, maps, and items for sale online. In 2012, Google has indexed over 30 trillion web pages, and received 100 billion queries per month. It also caches much of the content that it indexes. Google operates other tools and services including Google News, Google Shopping, Google Maps, Google Custom Search, Google Earth, Google Docs, Picasa, Panoramio, YouTube, Google Translate, Google Blog Search and Google Desktop Search. There are also products available","title":"Google Search"},{"psg_id":"20165380","text":"1994, and the ranch buildings were then not occupied, and were fenced off from grazing cattle. Google Maps shows a Beaver Creek Ranch on Napier Road in Gillette (is this the successor ranch headquarters?), at . Note there is at least one other Beaver Creek Ranch in Wyoming, in Weston County. Beaver Creek Ranch Headquarters The Beaver Creek Ranch Headquarters, in the vicinity of Buffalo in the Powder River Basin in Johnson County, Wyoming, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014. The ranch has been known as Schoonover Ranch, as Harriet Ranch, and as Iberlin Ranch.","title":"Beaver Creek Ranch Headquarters"},{"psg_id":"4536747","text":"competitions for school students to create their own Google doodles, referred to as \"Doodle 4 Google\". Winning doodles go onto the Doodle 4 Google website, where the public can vote for the winner, who wins a trip to the Googleplex and the hosting of the winning doodle for 24 hours on the Google website. The competition originated in the United Kingdom, and has since expanded to the United States and other countries. The competition was also held in Ireland in 2008. Google announced a Doodle 4 Google competition for India in 2009 and the winning doodle was displayed on the","title":"Google Doodle"},{"psg_id":"2639240","text":"category on the website of the \"Sun-Sentinel\", a sister paper. Google News index's next pass found the link as new news, and Income Security Advisors found the Google result to be new news, which was passed along to Bloomberg News, where it was briefly a current headline and very widely viewed. Google News Google News is a news aggregator and app developed by Google. It presents a continuous, customizable flow of articles organized from thousands of publishers and magazines. Google News is available on Android, iOS, and the web. A beta version was launched in September 2002, and released officially","title":"Google News"},{"psg_id":"19523722","text":"Google Spaces Google Spaces (or simply Spaces) was an app for group discussions and messaging developed by Google. The app was intended to compete with Slack as a content sharing platform where users can create a \"space\", invite their friends for discussion, and share videos, images, text, and other media. Google services such as the web browser Chrome, search engine Google Search, and video sharing platform YouTube were built into the app to allow users to source content from them. Launched on May 16, 2016, it was available to download on Windows, Mac, Android, and iOS operating systems. Google Spaces","title":"Google Spaces"},{"psg_id":"18030281","text":"for teachers to organize content by topic. Google Classroom ties Google Drive, Google Docs, Sheets and Slides, and Gmail together to help educational institutions go to a paperless system. Google Calendar was later integrated to help with assignment due dates, field trips, and class speakers. Students can be invited to classrooms through the institution's database, through a private code that can then be added in the student's user interface or automatically imported from a school domain. Each class created with Google Classroom creates a separate folder in the respective user's Google Drive, where the student can submit work to be","title":"Google Classroom"},{"psg_id":"15975798","text":"and inserting drawings into other Google documents, spreadsheets, or presentations. In a review of Google Drive after its launch in April 2012, Dan Grabham of \"TechRadar\" wrote that the integration of Google Docs into Google Drive was \"a bit confusing\", mainly due to the differences in the user interfaces between the two, where Drive offers a \"My Drive\" section with a specific \"Shared with me\" view for shared documents. He stated that \"We think the user interface needs a lot more work. It's like a retread of Google Docs at the moment and Google surely needs to do work here\".","title":"Google Drive"},{"psg_id":"12132346","text":"Google Map Maker Google Map Maker is a discontinued mapping and map editing service launched by Google in June 2008. In geographies where it is hard to find providers of good map data, user contributions could be used to increase map quality. Changes to Google Map Maker were intended to appear on Google Maps only after sufficient review by Google moderators. Google Map Maker was used at Google Mapathon events held annually. In November 2016, it was announced that Google Map Maker would be retired and merged with Google Maps itself; it was officially shut down on March 31, 2017.","title":"Google Map Maker"},{"psg_id":"10975005","text":"Corporate headquarters Corporate headquarters is the part of a corporate structure that deals with important tasks such as strategic planning, corporate communications, taxes, law, marketing, finance, human resources, and information technology. Corporate headquarters takes responsibility for the overall success of the corporation and ensures corporate governance. It is sometimes referred to as the head office, which is the location where the executives of a business work and where many of the key business decisions are made. Generally, corporate headquarters acts as a core when the business is operating. The corporate headquarters includes: the CEO (chief executive officer) as a key","title":"Corporate headquarters"},{"psg_id":"6461671","text":"test, free Help Center FAQ and Google Groups forum for official Google Analytics product support. New product features are announced on the Google Analytics Blog. Enterprise support is provided through Google Analytics Certified Partners. The Google Analytics API is used by third parties to build custom applications such as reporting tools. Many such applications exist. One was built to run on iOS (Apple) devices and is featured in Apple's app store. There are some third party products that also provide Google Analytics-based tracking. The Management API, Core Reporting API, MCF Reporting API, and Real Time Reporting API are subject to","title":"Google Analytics"},{"psg_id":"5412084","text":"on Sky mode are constellations, stars, galaxies, and animations depicting the planets in their orbits. A real-time Google Sky mashup of recent astronomical transients, using the VOEvent protocol, is being provided by the VOEventNet collaboration. Other programs similar to Google Sky include Microsoft WorldWide Telescope and Stellarium. Google Mars is an application within Google Earth that is a version of the program for imagery of the planet Mars. Google also operates a browser-based version, although the maps are of a much higher resolution within Google Earth, and include 3D terrain, as well as infrared imagery and elevation data. There are","title":"Google Earth"},{"psg_id":"4536744","text":"Google Doodles are also used to depict major events at Google, such as the company's own anniversary. The celebration of historical events is another common topic of Google Doodles including a Lego brick design in celebration of the interlocking Lego block's 50th anniversary. Some Google Doodles are limited to Google's country-specific home pages while others appear globally. The illustrators, engineers, and artists who design Google Doodles are called \"Doodlers.\" These doodlers have included artists like Ekua Holmes, Jennifer Hom, Sophia Foster-Dimino, Ranganath Krishnamani, and Dennis Hwang. In May 2010, on the 30th anniversary of the 1980 arcade game \"Pac-Man\", Google","title":"Google Doodle"},{"psg_id":"17465176","text":"used by the Google Fonts community. Webmasters within Germany have received warning letters from lawyers claiming that loading Google Fonts directly from Google servers was not GDPR compliant. Google Fonts Google Fonts (previously called Google Web Fonts) is a library of 900 libre licensed fonts, an interactive web directory for browsing the library, and APIs for conveniently using the fonts via CSS and Android. The directory was launched in 2010 and revamped in 2011 and 2016. Most of the fonts are released under the SIL Open Font License 1.1, while some are released under the Apache License; both are libre","title":"Google Fonts"},{"psg_id":"3320903","text":"including Orthodox Churches, has its headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. The headquarters of Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople is located in Istanbul, Turkey. The headquarters of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is located in Salt Lake City, Utah. The Anglican Communion Office is in London. In Japanese budō martial arts such as karate, judo, aikido, kendo, etc., there is usually a headquarters for each organization or region. The Japanese word honbu (本部) is generally used for that, also outside Japan. Sometimes they refer to this headquarters as \"honbu dojo\" (本部道場) in which dojo (道場) is a facility provided for","title":"Headquarters"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10975008\",\n \"text\": \"corporate headquarters may or may not be in the location in which the business is incorporated or where the majority of its employees work. Offices of a business that are not the corporate headquarters are called \\\"branch offices\\\". The headquarters is often selected by the founders of the company to be conveniently located to where they live. Branch offices may then be opened, either locally, within the country or internationally. Companies, however, generally do not have two corporate headquarters, even if they are international companies, although they may have branches that take on some of the responsibility for making corporate\",\n \"title\": \"Corporate headquarters\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13964716\",\n \"text\": \"also provides users with a way to manage their account for each service they use. Links are located next to each service, meaning that if a user wanted to manage their Gmail account, a direct link to their account management page will be located in their Google Dashboard. Using that link will enable users to manage their privacy settings or sharing options on the video site. Google Dashboard enables users to gain access to the company's most often used services, such as Google+, Google search, Google Maps, YouTube and many more. These items are all supported by Dashboard and as\",\n \"title\": \"Google Dashboard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4577160\",\n \"text\": \"and off-line sources. To reduce duplication in the index, Google's algorithm combines listings automatically based on address, phone number, or geocode, but sometimes information for separate businesses will be inadvertently merged with each other, resulting in listings inaccurately incorporating elements from multiple businesses. Google allows business owners to verify their own business data, and has also recruited volunteers to check and correct ground truth data. Google Maps can easily be manipulated by businesses which aren't physically located in the area they record a listing. There are cases of people abusing Google Maps to overtake their competition where they place a\",\n \"title\": \"Google Maps\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3946653\",\n \"text\": \"Google Google LLC is an American multinational technology company that specializes in Internet-related services and products, which include online advertising technologies, search engine, cloud computing, software, and hardware. Google was founded in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while they were Ph.D. students at Stanford University in California. Together they own about 14 percent of its shares and control 56 percent of the stockholder voting power through supervoting stock. They incorporated Google as a privately held company on September 4, 1998. An initial public offering (IPO) took place on August 19, 2004, and Google moved to its headquarters in\",\n \"title\": \"Google\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5301302\",\n \"text\": \"and directs the client to different Google clusters. A Google cluster has thousands of servers and once the client has connected to the server additional load balancing is done to send the queries to the least loaded web server. This makes Google one of the largest and most complex content delivery networks. Google has numerous data centers scattered around the world. At least 12 significant Google data center installations are located in the United States. The largest known centers are located in The Dalles, Oregon; Atlanta, Georgia; Reston, Virginia; Lenoir, North Carolina; and Moncks Corner, South Carolina. In Europe, the\",\n \"title\": \"Google data centers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7123129\",\n \"text\": \"In 2013 Google stopped displaying warning messages that had shown up for mainland Chinese users who were attempting to search for politically sensitive phrases. Google's Internet mail service, Gmail, and Chrome and Google-based search inquiries have not been available to mainland China users since 2014. Google has maintained that it would continue with the research and development offices in China along with the sales offices for other Google products such as Android smartphone software. On 1 August 2016, Google China moved its headquarters from Tsinghua Science Park to Rongke Information Center. On 8 December 2016, Google held the Google Developer\",\n \"title\": \"Google China\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3946725\",\n \"text\": \"built in Manhattan's Hudson Square neighborhood. Called Google Hudson Square, the new campus is projected to more than double the number of Google employees working in New York City. By late 2006, Google established a new headquarters for its AdWords division in Ann Arbor, Michigan. In November 2006, Google opened offices on Carnegie Mellon's campus in Pittsburgh, focusing on shopping-related advertisement coding and smartphone applications and programs. Other office locations in the U.S. include Atlanta, Georgia; Austin, Texas; Boulder, Colorado; Cambridge, Massachusetts; San Francisco, California; Seattle, Washington; Kirkland, Washington; Birmingham, Michigan; Reston, Virginia, and Washington, D.C. In October 2006, the\",\n \"title\": \"Google\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3946723\",\n \"text\": \"all of its workers. Temporary workers such as book scanners do not have access to shuttles, Google cafes, or other perks. In 2006, Google moved into about of office space in New York City, at 111 Eighth Avenue in Manhattan. The office was designed and built specially for Google, and houses its largest advertising sales team, which has been instrumental in securing large partnerships. The New York headquarters includes a game room, micro-kitchens, and a video game area. In 2010, Google bought the building housing the headquarter, in a deal that valued the property at around $1.9 billion, the biggest\",\n \"title\": \"Google\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4352931\",\n \"text\": \"a gray title, as opposed to other color-coded Google products, such as Google News and Google Maps. In July 2011, Google announced that it was discontinuing Google Labs. Many of the experiments have been discontinued although a few have moved to the main search pages. <nowiki>http://GoogleLabs.com</nowiki> now returns a DNS look-up failure. Google still has many links to its defunct \\\"labs\\\" tools in Google blogs that are readily accessible through a Google search. Google Labs Google Labs was a page created by Google to demonstrate and test new projects. Google described Google Labs as \\\"a playground where our more adventurous\",\n \"title\": \"Google Labs\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14326262\",\n \"text\": \"Google Environment Google Energy LLC is a subsidiary company of Alphabet Inc., which was created to reduce costs of energy consumption of the Google Group, and subsequently to produce and sell clean energy. The division also allows it to take advantage of projects funded through the philanthropic Google.org. By 2007 Google had invested a substantial amount of money in wind, solar, solar thermal, and geothermal projects, including a 1.6 MW solar installation pilot project at its headquarters. In 2010 Google Energy made its first investment in a renewable-energy project, putting up US$38.8 million for two wind farms in North Dakota.\",\n \"title\": \"Google Environment\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15368410\",\n \"text\": \"system, publishers are only given user data if the user specifies that they can have it. Users outside the countries/regions listed below only had access to free applications through Google One Pass. Paid content was available to Google One Pass users only in the following countries: Initially the service allowed publishers in any country where Google Checkout was available to distribute content through One Pass. Google One Pass Google One Pass was an online store developed by Google for publishers looking to sell subscriptions to their content. Similar to the Android Market, where \\\"apps\\\" are sold to users via their\",\n \"title\": \"Google One Pass\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15975776\",\n \"text\": \"Furthermore, the yearly payments offer a discount. In May 2018, Google announced that storage plans (including the free 15 gigabyte plan) would be moved over to Google One. , these are the storage plans offered by Google: Chromebook users can obtain 100 GB of Google Drive storage free for 2 years as long as the promotion is activated within 180 days of the Chromebook device's initial purchase. This is available in all countries where Google Drive is available. Offer can only be redeemed once per device. Used, open-box, and refurbished devices are not eligible for the offer. Google offers 30\",\n \"title\": \"Google Drive\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4577157\",\n \"text\": \"state that usage of material from Google Maps is regulated by Google Terms of Service and some additional restrictions. Google has either purchased local map data from established companies, or has entered into lease agreements to use copyrighted map data. The owner of the copyright is listed at the bottom of zoomed maps. For example, street maps in Japan are leased from Zenrin. Street maps in China are leased from AutoNavi. Russian street maps are leased from Geocentre Consulting and Tele Atlas. Data for North Korea is sourced from the companion project Google Map Maker. In areas where Google Map\",\n \"title\": \"Google Maps\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17565953\",\n \"text\": \"Google Express Google Express, formerly Google Shopping Express, is a shopping service from Google available in some parts of the United States that was launched on a free trial basis across the San Francisco Peninsula. Originally it was a same-day service. It later expanded to same-day and overnight delivery. Originally pricing was the same as in-person shopping, but later increased to the point where prices are typically US$4-$10 more per item; Google Express Help said, \\\"Because item prices are set by stores, sometimes you'll see prices on Google Express that differ from what you'd see in the store: this depends\",\n \"title\": \"Google Express\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3946671\",\n \"text\": \"12,000 employees. Google has a total of four offices in India, including its country headquarters in Hyderabad, and over 1 lakh sq ft office space leased in the First International Finance Centre in the Bandra Kurla Complex. Google announced the launch of a new company, called Calico, on September 19, 2013, to be led by Apple, Inc. chairman Arthur Levinson. In the official public statement, Page explained that the \\\"health and well-being\\\" company would focus on \\\"the challenge of ageing and associated diseases\\\". Google celebrated its 15-year anniversary on September 27, 2013, and in 2016 it celebrated its 18th birthday\",\n \"title\": \"Google\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18461641\",\n \"text\": \"as google map does. The iconic symbol will become a navigating landmark for the flying birds.\\\" Jaime Derriger wrote, \\\"The icon that we have all come to know and love which graces our Google maps to let us know where we are, or where we need to go, has become ubiquitous. Designer Shu-Chun Hsiao realized this and created the Google Birdhouse Project, an ongoing project to give birds destinations of their own, just like Google maps does for humans\\\". Google Maps pin The Google Maps pin is the inverted-drop-shaped icon that marks locations in Google Maps. The pin is protected\",\n \"title\": \"Google Maps pin\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3070702\",\n \"text\": \"for a web site to opt out of Sidewiki; however, Sidewiki is disabled on secure sites. In September 2011, Google announced that it would discontinue Sidewiki. My Location is a geolocation service which uses the location of Wi-Fi access points to determine the toolbar user's location. This location is used to optimize search results based on where the user is located. Google Toolbar can also provide the geolocation data to third-party websites through the W3C Geolocation API. Google Toolbar was criticized when the AutoLink feature was added to the toolbar because this new feature directed users to pre-selected commercial websites\",\n \"title\": \"Google Toolbar\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3544694\",\n \"text\": \"has a variety of specific keywords and categories that it prohibits that vary by type and by country. For example, use of keywords for alcohol related products are prohibited in Thailand and Turkey; keywords for gambling and casinos are prohibited in Poland; keywords for abortion services are prohibited in Russia and Ukraine; and keywords for adult related services or products are prohibited worldwide as of June 2014. Google Ads Google Ads (previously Google AdWords, before July 24, 2018) is an online advertising platform developed by Google, where advertisers pay to display brief advertisements, service offerings, product listings, video content and\",\n \"title\": \"Google Ads\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17962367\",\n \"text\": \"with other notable cloud service providers, a comparison of similar services may be helpful in understanding Google Cloud Platform's offerings. Similar to offerings by Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure, and IBM, a series of Google Cloud Certified programs are available on the Google Cloud Platform. Participants can choose between online learning programs provided by Coursera or Qwiklabs as well as live workshops and webinars. Depending on the program, certifications can be earned online or at various testing centers located globally. Google Cloud Platform Google Cloud Platform, offered by Google, is a suite of cloud computing services that runs on the\",\n \"title\": \"Google Cloud Platform\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7576077\",\n \"text\": \"contacts and displays birthday cards on a yearly basis, and Holidays, a country-specific calendar that displays dates of special occasions. Over time, Google has added functionality that makes use of machine learning, including \\\"Events from Gmail\\\", where event information from a user's Gmail messages are automatically added to Google Calendar; \\\"Reminders\\\", where users add to-do activities that can be automatically updated with new information; \\\"Smart Suggestions\\\", where the app recommends titles, contacts, and locations when creating events; and \\\"Goals\\\", where users enter information on a specified personal goal, and the app automatically schedules the activity at optimal times. Google Calendar's\",\n \"title\": \"Google Calendar\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16347665\",\n \"text\": \"and on August 21, 2012 they were made official by Google and rolled out over the next few weeks. Google Play gift cards are currently available in Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States. Google introduced in-app subscriptions to Google Play in May 2012. In June 2016, some sources reported that Google announced that subscriptions charged through Google Play would now split the revenue 85/15, where developers\",\n \"title\": \"Google Play\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18652394\",\n \"text\": \"at number three in Australia and New Zealand, becoming the highest charting entries for Skrillex, Diplo and Bieber in the former. Eventually, it was certified two-times platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) and three-time platinum by the Recorded Music NZ; it was also the ninth highest-selling single of 2015 in the latter. The song also reached the top-ten in Denmark, Finland, Ireland, Netherlands and Sweden. From May 29 to May 31, 2015, there was an event held at the Jack Ü headquarters for fans to customize the photo-shoots for the \\\"Where Are Ü Now\\\" music video with crayons\",\n \"title\": \"Where Are Ü Now\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3946695\",\n \"text\": \"for Mobile\\\", taking advantage of the emerging mobile advertising market. Google Analytics allows website owners to track where and how people use their website, for example by examining click rates for all the links on a page. Google advertisements can be placed on third-party websites in a two-part program. Google's AdWords allows advertisers to display their advertisements in the Google content network, through a cost-per-click scheme. The sister service, Google AdSense, allows website owners to display these advertisements on their website and earn money every time ads are clicked. One of the criticisms of this program is the possibility of\",\n \"title\": \"Google\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7576081\",\n \"text\": \"a country-specific calendar featuring dates of special occasions. The user interface of Google Calendar was originally designed by Kevin Fox. Google Calendar allows the user to import events from a different calendar application, with notable support for both Microsoft Outlook and Apple iCloud calendars. In December 2010, Google added the ability for users to select a time zone for an event, a notable feature that was previously missing; the feature's absence was criticized in the media. In August 2015, Google added an \\\"Events from Gmail\\\" feature, where event information from a user's Gmail messages are automatically added to Google Calendar.\",\n \"title\": \"Google Calendar\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3544688\",\n \"text\": \"patent. In May 2011, Google cancelled the AdWord advertisement purchased by a Dublin sex worker rights group named \\\"Turn Off the Blue Light\\\" (TOBL), claiming that it represented an \\\"egregious violation\\\" of company ad policy by \\\"selling adult sexual services\\\". However, TOBL is a nonprofit campaign for sex worker rights and is not advertising or selling adult sexual services. After TOBL members held a protest outside Google's European headquarters in Dublin and sent in written complaints, Google reviewed the group's website. Google found the website content to be advocating a political position, and restored the AdWord advertisement. In June 2012,\",\n \"title\": \"Google Ads\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16898081\",\n \"text\": \"overall internet population\\\". Google Surveys has been compared to SurveyMonkey (which also offers both a survey creation interface as well as a way to purchase an audience), where it was praised for its low cost per response but was found to have less flexibility in designing the survey. Google has also reviewed Google Surveys in a white paper, concluding that \\\"Google Consumer Surveys can be used in place of more traditional Internet-based panels without sacrificing accuracy\\\" while also stating that \\\"[s]ince Google Consumer Surveys only allows one-question or screening two-question surveys, analysis of the relationships between survey questions are difficult\",\n \"title\": \"Google Surveys\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5361950\",\n \"text\": \"that are not accepted today.\\\"\\\" Armadillo World Headquarters Armadillo World Headquarters (sometimes called simply The 'Dillo) was a music venue and nightclub located in Austin, Texas from 1970 to 1980. It is located at 505 Barton Springs Rd, Austin. In 1970, Austin's flagship rock music venue, the Vulcan Gas Company, closed, leaving the city's nascent live music scene without an incubator. One night, Eddie Wilson, manager of the local group Shiva's Headband, stepped outside a nightclub where the band was playing and noticed an old, abandoned National Guard armory. Wilson found an unlocked garage door on the building and was\",\n \"title\": \"Armadillo World Headquarters\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3544663\",\n \"text\": \"Google Ads Google Ads (previously Google AdWords, before July 24, 2018) is an online advertising platform developed by Google, where advertisers pay to display brief advertisements, service offerings, product listings, video content and generate mobile application installs within the Google ad network to web users. Google Ads' system is based partly on cookies and partly on keywords determined by advertisers. Google uses these characteristics to place advertising copy on pages where they think it might be relevant. Advertisers pay when users divert their browsing to click on the advertising copy. Partner websites receive a portion of the generated income. Google\",\n \"title\": \"Google Ads\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3946716\",\n \"text\": \"be the world's most attractive employer to graduating students in the Universum Communications talent attraction index. Google's corporate philosophy includes principles such as \\\"you can make money without doing evil,\\\" \\\"you can be serious without a suit,\\\" and \\\"work should be challenging and the challenge should be fun.\\\" As a motivation technique, Google uses a policy known as Innovation Time Off, where Google engineers are encouraged to spend 20% of their work time on projects that interest them. Some of Google's services, such as Gmail, Google News, Orkut, and AdSense originated from these independent endeavors. In a talk at Stanford\",\n \"title\": \"Google\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11978096\",\n \"text\": \"into Friend Connect with a Google Account.\\\" There are three types of information that make up user data in Google Friend Connect. Responsibility is left to individual websites to make the decision to allow the Google Friend Connect service or not. To access Google Friend Connect, sign in is by Google Account or other services that support OpenID such as Yahoo and AOL Instant Messenger. Google states it has five privacy principles. These principles set out their guidelines for governing privacy. They state that; However, a breach was reported in November 2010, where an exploit allowed users to harvest email\",\n \"title\": \"Google Friend Connect\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3946724\",\n \"text\": \"for a single building in the United States that year. In February 2012, Google moved additional employees to the New York City campus, with a total of around 2,750 employees. Google's New York City location continued to expand in 2018. In March of that year, Google's parent company Alphabet bought Chelsea Market building for $2.4 billion nearby its current New York HQ. The sale is touted as one of the most expensive real estate transactions for a single building in the history of New York. The same December, it was announced that a $1 billion, headquarters for Google would be\",\n \"title\": \"Google\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5412076\",\n \"text\": \"hosted on Google's servers, which are contacted by the application when opened, requiring an Internet connection. Imagery resolution ranges from 15 meters of resolution to 15 centimeters. For much of the Earth, Google Earth uses digital elevation model data collected by NASA's Shuttle Radar Topography Mission. This creates the impression of three-dimensional terrain, even where the imagery is only two-dimensional. Every image created from Google Earth using satellite data provided by Google Earth is a copyrighted map. Any derivative from Google Earth is made from copyrighted data which, under United States Copyright Law, may not be used except under the\",\n \"title\": \"Google Earth\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16776533\",\n \"text\": \"a while. However, Google has since stated. that they consider these links to be spam. Google has encouraged companies to reform their bad practices and as a result demand that efforts are taken to remove manipulative links. Google launched the Disavow tool on 16 October 2012 so that people could report to Google the bad links they had. The Disavow tool was launched mainly in response to many reports of negative SEO, where companies were being targeted with manipulative links by competitors knowing full well that they would be penalized as a result. There has been some controversy over whether\",\n \"title\": \"Google penalty\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20636531\",\n \"text\": \"events include hackathons as well as startup residency programs for entrepreneurs and even free yoga and mindfulness sessions for entrepreneurs. From time to time, Google employees are deployed to conduct workshops (such as sales training, technical discussions, pioneering philosophical thought experiments) as well as conferences with Google-related products and platforms such as the Google Cloud Platform. As of 2018, its Campuses are located in 6 different cities spanning across Europe, Asia, and South America: In 2017, another Campus location was planned to be launched in the neighborhood of Kreuzberg in Berlin, Germany. This led to concerns from local residents on\",\n \"title\": \"Google for Entrepreneurs\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18059687\",\n \"text\": \"Google Chrome App A Google Chrome App is a web application that runs on the Google Chrome web browser. Chrome apps can be obtained from the Chrome Web Store where apps, extensions, and themes can be installed or bought. There are two types of apps, hosted and packaged, which have different locations of their executable and are targeted at different use cases. On August 19, 2016, Google announced that it would begin phasing out Chrome Apps for Windows, Mac and Linux (both packaged and hosted) by the end of 2016, finishing the process in early 2018. The company said that\",\n \"title\": \"Google Chrome App\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14407035\",\n \"text\": \"after it first announced that it would be coming to the city—faster than it had ever deployed before—by using shallow trenching. In February 2014, Google announced it had \\\"invited cities in nine metro areas around the U.S.—34 cities altogether—to work with us to explore what it would take to bring them Google Fiber.\\\" The remaining metropolitan areas where Fiber has not yet begun constructing are: Phoenix, Portland, San Antonio and San Jose. Of these, the following have yet to be selected by Google for fiber deployments: On April 15, 2014, Google began polling business users on their need for gigabit\",\n \"title\": \"Google Fiber\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3946730\",\n \"text\": \"by a team of employees termed \\\"Doodlers\\\". Google has a tradition of creating April Fools' Day jokes. On April 1, 2000, Google MentalPlex allegedly featured the use of mental power to search the web. In 2007, Google announced a free Internet service called TiSP, or Toilet Internet Service Provider, where one obtained a connection by flushing one end of a fiber-optic cable down their toilet. Also in 2007, Google's Gmail page displayed an announcement for Gmail Paper, allowing users to have email messages printed and shipped to them. In 2008, Google announced Gmail Custom time where users could change the\",\n \"title\": \"Google\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3946689\",\n \"text\": \"and 6 blogs on Blogger due to their engagement in politically motivated phishing, the deleted accounts were found to be tied with Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB). Google data centers are located in North and South America, Asia, Europe. Traditionally, Google relied on parallel computing on commodity hardware like mainstream x86 computers similar to home PCs to keep costs per query low. In 2005, it started developing its own designs, which were only revealed in 2009. In October 2013, \\\"The Washington Post\\\" reported that the U.S. National Security Agency intercepted communications between Google's data centers, as part of a\",\n \"title\": \"Google\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19192213\",\n \"text\": \"Google Santa Tracker Google Santa Tracker is an annual Christmas-themed entertainment program first launched in 2004 by Google, Inc. that allows users to track Santa during Christmas Eve and before that allows users to play, watch, and learn through little activities that are added daily from the start of December. Google's rival Santa tracker, NORAD Tracks Santa, has operated since 1955. In early 2004, Google saw the NORAD Tracks Santa service and said they \\\"felt like it could be better for users to 'visualize' where Santa is currently at\\\". So, in 2004, after Keyhole, Inc. was acquired by Google, they\",\n \"title\": \"Google Santa Tracker\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11291634\",\n \"text\": \"of US$500. There was a grand prize of a trip to the Google headquarters for an award ceremony. Each participating open source project selected one contestant to receive the grand prize, for a total of 10 grand prize winners. Google Highly Open Participation Contest The Google Highly Open Participation Contest was a contest run by Google during 2007-2008 aimed at high school students. The contest was designed to encourage high school students to participate in open source projects. It was succeeded by Google Code-in. The contest was open to students thirteen years of age or older who were then currently\",\n \"title\": \"Google Highly Open Participation Contest\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18059689\",\n \"text\": \"without a classic window menu and operating system user interface elements. Hosted apps are the original type of Chrome apps. They contain a single manifest file that contains the URL and additional information about the app. Hosted apps are usually offline and are subject to regular web page security restrictions. Google Chrome App A Google Chrome App is a web application that runs on the Google Chrome web browser. Chrome apps can be obtained from the Chrome Web Store where apps, extensions, and themes can be installed or bought. There are two types of apps, hosted and packaged, which have\",\n \"title\": \"Google Chrome App\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7671522\",\n \"text\": \"following month it opened \\\"Google Shops\\\", store-within-a-store locations at select Best Buy stores in Canada. On the Internet, the Google Store replaced the Devices section on the Google Play website. In October 2016, Google opened Made by Google, a temporary pop-up showroom in the SoHo neighborhood of New York City. The space offered a glimpse at hardware products the company had recently developed, including the Pixel smartphone, Google Home smart speaker, and Daydream View virtual reality headset. In November 2016, Google opened \\\"Google Shop\\\", a store-within-a-store where Google displays its hardware products. The Google Shops, available at select Best Buy\",\n \"title\": \"Google Store\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4352930\",\n \"text\": \"Google Labs Google Labs was a page created by Google to demonstrate and test new projects. Google described Google Labs as \\\"a playground where our more adventurous users can play around with prototypes of some of our wild and crazy ideas and offer feedback directly to the engineers who developed them.\\\" Google also uses an invitation-only phase for trusted testers to test projects including Gmail, Google Calendar and Google Wave and many of these have their own \\\"labs\\\" webpages for experimental projects unique to each product. In 2006, all Google Labs products had a consistent logo, using the flask, and\",\n \"title\": \"Google Labs\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2410599\",\n \"text\": \"Google Shopping Google Shopping, formerly Google Product Search, Google Products and Froogle, is a Google service invented by Craig Nevill-Manning which allows users to search for products on online shopping websites and compare prices between different vendors. Originally, the service listed prices submitted by merchants, and was monetized through AdWords advertising like other Google services. However, in May 2012, Google announced that the service (which was also immediately renamed Google Shopping) would shift in late-2012 to a paid model where merchants would have to pay the company in order to list their products on the service. In June 2017, Google\",\n \"title\": \"Google Shopping\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18657488\",\n \"text\": \"copyrights in developing its Google Book Search database. The Google Book Search Settlement Agreement was a proposed settlement agreement between the Authors Guild, the Association of American Publishers and Google in settlement of Authors Guild v. Google|\\\"Authors Guild et al. v. Google\\\", a class action lawsuit alleging copyright infringement. The settlement was initially proposed in 2008, and ultimately rejected by the court in 2011. In late 2013, the presiding U.S. Circuit Judge dismissed \\\"Authors Guild et al. v. Google\\\". Field v. Google, Inc. is a case where Google successfully defended a lawsuit for copyright infringement. Field argued that Google infringed\",\n \"title\": \"Google litigation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12409183\",\n \"text\": \"its own web store where users and developers can upload and download these applications and extensions. Google Chrome Google Chrome (commonly known simply as Chrome) is a freeware web browser developed by Google LLC. It was first released on September 2, 2008 for Microsoft Windows, and was later ported to Linux, macOS, iOS and Android. Google Chrome is also the main component of Chrome OS, where it serves as a platform for running web apps. Google releases the majority of Chrome's source code as the Chromium open-source project; however, Chrome itself is proprietary software. One component that is not open-source\",\n \"title\": \"Google Chrome\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8693729\",\n \"text\": \"in a Google Wave hosted permanently by Google at no cost to the user. As of early 2013, Google Gadgets were deprecated in Google Spreadsheets. Shortly after, they were removed from all spreadsheets. Google Gadgets are written in XML and can have HTML and Javascript components, and were able to use Google Wave. Here is an example of a Hello World program written using Google Gadget technology. Google Gadgets API is a Google API which allows developers to create Google Gadgets easily. Google Gadgets Google Gadgets are dynamic web content that can be embedded on a web page. They can\",\n \"title\": \"Google Gadgets\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15842676\",\n \"text\": \"FIFA headquarters The headquarters of FIFA (German: \\\"FIFA-Hauptquartier\\\") is a distinctive complex in Zürich. The complex has served as the official headquarters of FIFA since its completion in 2006. It is located on the Zürichberg, a wooded hill in District 7. As well as offices, the complex includes a fitness centre, a meditation room, geographically themed parks, a full-size international football pitch and full-size beach soccer pitch. The main building has only two upper levels, but five underground levels, resulting in two thirds of the headquarters lying underground. \\\"Places where people make decisions should only contain indirect light,\\\" said Sepp\",\n \"title\": \"FIFA headquarters\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15975794\",\n \"text\": \"supported by Team Drives. Google Docs, Google Sheets, Google Slides, and Google Forms constitute a free, web-based office suite offered by Google and integrated with Google Drive. It allows users to create and edit documents, spreadsheets, and presentations online while collaborating in real-time with other users. The three apps are available as web applications, as Chrome apps that work offline, and as mobile apps for Android and iOS. The apps are compatible with Microsoft Office file formats. The suite also consists of Google Forms, Google Drawings and Google Fusion Tables. While Forms and Tables are only available as web applications,\",\n \"title\": \"Google Drive\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10657913\",\n \"text\": \"FCA US LLC Headquarters and Technology Center The FCA US LLC Headquarters and Technology Center is the North American headquarters and main research and development facility for the automobile manufacturer FCA US LLC (commonly known as Chrysler). in the United States. It is located in the Metro Detroit suburb of Auburn Hills, Michigan. Completed in 1996, the complex has on located near Interstate 75. CRSS Architects designed the FCA US LLC Headquarters and Technology Center in a cross-axial formation where its elongated atrium topped concourses converge with an octagonal radiant skylight at its center. The rounded-off exterior corners are meant\",\n \"title\": \"FCA US LLC Headquarters and Technology Center\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4577143\",\n \"text\": \"first announced on the Google Blog on February 8, 2005, and was located at Google. In September 2005, in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, Google Maps quickly updated its satellite imagery of New Orleans to allow users to view the extent of the flooding in various parts of that city. (Oddly, in March 2007, imagery showing hurricane damage was replaced with images from before the storm; this replacement was not made on Google Earth, which still uses post-Katrina imagery.) In October 2009, Google replaced Tele Atlas as their primary supplier of geo spatial data in the US version of Maps\",\n \"title\": \"Google Maps\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15721345\",\n \"text\": \"no longer needed a Google+ profile to share content and communicate with contacts. The transition began with YouTube, where a Google+ profile was no longer required to create, upload, or comment on a channel, but a Google+ page was instead required. YouTube comments no longer appeared on Google+ or vice versa. On November 18, 2015, Google+ underwent a redesign with the stated intent of making the site simpler and faster, making the new features of Communities and Collections more prominent, and removing features such as Hangouts integration, Events and Custom URLs, though Events and Custom URLs were eventually added back.\",\n \"title\": \"Google+\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"160968\",\n \"text\": \"by law enforcement agencies, is subject to legislation in different jurisdictions and working practices; the law may mandate, prohibit, or say nothing about logging of various types of information. Some search engines, located in jurisdictions where it is not illegal, make a feature of not storing user search information. The keywords suggested by the Autocomplete feature show a population of users' research which is made possible by an identity management system. Volumes of personal data are collected via Eddystone web and proximity beacons. Google has been criticized for placing long-term cookies on users' machines to store these preferences, a tactic\",\n \"title\": \"Google Search\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15810180\",\n \"text\": \"it will be available to look up later. By contrast, an explicit instruction to remember the material does not have a significant effect on recall. Lastly, if the information is saved, people are much more likely to remember where the information is located than to recall the information itself. In addition, people tend to remember either the fact or the location, but not both; this effect persists even when the information is more memorable than the name of the location. A 2012 study by Lav R. Varshney has since proposed that the Google effect can also be seen in doctoral\",\n \"title\": \"Google effect\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4610284\",\n \"text\": \"faculty web pages; access to such self-archived non-subscription versions is now provided by a link to Google, where one can find such open access articles. Through its \\\"cited by\\\" feature, Google Scholar provides access to abstracts of articles that have cited the article being viewed. It is this feature in particular that provides the citation indexing previously only found in CiteSeer, Scopus, and Web of Science. Through its \\\"Related articles\\\" feature, Google Scholar presents a list of closely related articles, ranked primarily by how similar these articles are to the original result, but also taking into account the relevance of\",\n \"title\": \"Google Scholar\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12707138\",\n \"text\": \"in a starred results list at the top of a new search. The starred results list can be clicked to bring up Google Bookmarks where the list entries can be annotated. Google SearchWiki SearchWiki was a Google Search feature which allowed logged-in users to annotate and re-order search results. The annotations and modified order only applied to the user's searches, but it was possible to view other users' annotations for a given search query. SearchWiki was released on November 20, 2008 and discontinued on March 3, 2010. All previously created SearchWiki edits are preserved on the logged in user's SearchWiki\",\n \"title\": \"Google SearchWiki\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15368407\",\n \"text\": \"Google One Pass Google One Pass was an online store developed by Google for publishers looking to sell subscriptions to their content. Similar to the Android Market, where \\\"apps\\\" are sold to users via their Android mobile devices, One Pass offered the ability for publishers of any size, from large media companies to independent publishers, to sell their content through Google's service. The content was made available through both the Internet and Android mobile devices. Google announced the closure of One Pass on April 20, 2012. One Pass was officially announced on February 16, 2011 at Humboldt University in Berlin\",\n \"title\": \"Google One Pass\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11016492\",\n \"text\": \"Führer Headquarters The \\\"Führer\\\" Headquarters (\\\"Führerhauptquartiere\\\" in German), abbreviated FHQ, is a common name for a number of official headquarters used by the Nazi leader Adolf Hitler and various German commanders and officials throughout Europe during the Second World War. Perhaps the most widely known headquarters was the \\\"Führerbunker\\\" in Berlin, Germany, where Hitler committed suicide on 30 April 1945. Other notable headquarters are the \\\"Wolfsschanze\\\" (Wolf's Lair) in East Prussia, where Claus von Stauffenberg in league with other conspirators attempted to assassinate Hitler on 20 July 1944, and Hitler's private home, the \\\"Berghof\\\", at Obersalzberg near Berchtesgaden, where he\",\n \"title\": \"Führer Headquarters\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11016498\",\n \"text\": \"Campaign. Afterwards, the train was not used as Führer Headquarters, however Hitler continued to travel on it throughout the war between Berlin, Berchtesgaden, Munich and other headquarters. Führer Headquarters The \\\"Führer\\\" Headquarters (\\\"Führerhauptquartiere\\\" in German), abbreviated FHQ, is a common name for a number of official headquarters used by the Nazi leader Adolf Hitler and various German commanders and officials throughout Europe during the Second World War. Perhaps the most widely known headquarters was the \\\"Führerbunker\\\" in Berlin, Germany, where Hitler committed suicide on 30 April 1945. Other notable headquarters are the \\\"Wolfsschanze\\\" (Wolf's Lair) in East Prussia, where Claus\",\n \"title\": \"Führer Headquarters\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4577156\",\n \"text\": \"hybrid modes of Google Maps. In collaboration with NASA scientists at the Mars Space Flight Facility located at Arizona State University, Google has provided the public with data collected from two NASA Mars missions, Mars Global Surveyor and 2001 Mars Odyssey. Google Maps interface links through the \\\"Wikipedia layer\\\" to the geo-tags placed in English Wikipedia articles, but does not support non-English ones, reducing its usefulness in non-English languages and in non-English speaking territories. It also links to photos with GPS tags from Panoramio. Isochrone maps can be generated using the Google Maps API. The Google Maps terms and conditions\",\n \"title\": \"Google Maps\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4470916\",\n \"text\": \"Google File System Google File System (GFS or GoogleFS) is a proprietary distributed file system developed by Google to provide efficient, reliable access to data using large clusters of commodity hardware. A new version of Google File System code named Colossus was released in 2010. GFS is enhanced for Google's core data storage and usage needs (primarily the search engine), which can generate enormous amounts of data that must be retained; Google File System grew out of an earlier Google effort, \\\"BigFiles\\\", developed by Larry Page and Sergey Brin in the early days of Google, while it was still located\",\n \"title\": \"Google File System\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6529854\",\n \"text\": \"websites and apps, the original decision to deprecate it led some developers to criticize Google and question the viability of using Google APIs in their products. Google Translate also provides translations for Google Assistant and the devices that Google Assistant runs on such as Google Home and Google Pixel Buds. The following languages are supported in Google Translate. In April 2006, Google Translate launched with a statistical machine translation engine. Google Translate does not apply grammatical rules, since its algorithms are based on statistical analysis rather than traditional rule-based analysis. The system's original creator, Franz Josef Och, has criticized the\",\n \"title\": \"Google Translate\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15455151\",\n \"text\": \"Norwegian Joint Headquarters The Norwegian Joint Headquarters (, FOH) is the Norwegian Armed Forces operational commando-center. It is located at Reitan outside Bodø, where during the Cold War NATO's Allied Command North Norway was based. The current organization was created on 1 August 2009, replacing a former joint commando center in Stavanger, which merged with the Northern Norway Command. It is led by chief-of-command, Lieutenant general, Rune Jakobsen . His predecessor was Morten Haga Lunde. The Norwegian Armed Forces states that a total number of 500 people are somehow connected to the Commando Central. The Commando Central cooperates with Forsvarets\",\n \"title\": \"Norwegian Joint Headquarters\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6457363\",\n \"text\": \"as an institution: \\\"the Pink Palace\\\" and \\\"the Pink Whorehouse\\\" are two examples. A fully stocked bar has been located on the 4th floor since 1988. It's operated by the Toronto Police Senior Officers' Association and access to the bar is limited to senior officers, to those ranked inspector or above. Toronto Police Department headquarters from 1835 to 1932: Toronto Police Headquarters Toronto Police Headquarters is the headquarters of the Toronto Police Service, located at 40 College Street in Toronto, Ontario. It is the first purpose built police headquarters in Toronto since the formation of the originating force in 1835.\",\n \"title\": \"Toronto Police Headquarters\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7123123\",\n \"text\": \"launched Simplified Chinese Google News. In 2005, Google China moved from Xinhua Insurance Building outside Jianguomen to Keji Building in the Tsinghua Science Park near the east gate of Tsinghua University, where Google rented two floors. In addition, Google has an office in the Beijing Fortune Center. On 19 July 2005, Kai-Fu Lee, a former Microsoft executive and the founder in 1998 of Microsoft Research Asia , joined Google and officially became the president of Google in China. On the same day, Google announced that it would set up a research and development center in China. In January 2006, Simplified\",\n \"title\": \"Google China\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5412096\",\n \"text\": \"map applications to be built. At its unveiling at Google's 2008 I/O developer conference, the company showcased potential applications such as a game where the player controlled a milktruck atop a Google Earth surface. The Google Earth API has been deprecated as of December 15, 2014 and remained supported until December 15, 2015. Google Chrome ended support for the Netscape Plugin API (which the Google Earth API relies on) by the end of 2016. On November 16, 2016, Google released a virtual reality version of Google Earth for Valve's Steam computer gaming platform. Google Earth VR allows users to navigate\",\n \"title\": \"Google Earth\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4577142\",\n \"text\": \"the company later pitched the idea for a purely Web-based product to Google management, changing the method of distribution. In October 2004, the company was acquired by Google Inc. where it transformed into the web application Google Maps. In the same month, Google acquired Keyhole, a geospatial data visualization company (with controversial investment from the CIA), whose marquee application suite, Earth Viewer, emerged as the highly successful Google Earth application in 2005 while other aspects of its core technology were integrated into Google Maps. In September 2004 Google acquired ZipDash, a company that provided realtime traffic analysis. The application was\",\n \"title\": \"Google Maps\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4577126\",\n \"text\": \"Google Maps Google Maps is a web mapping service developed by Google. It offers satellite imagery, street maps, 360° panoramic views of streets (Street View), real-time traffic conditions (Google Traffic), and route planning for traveling by foot, car, bicycle and air (in beta), or public transportation. Google Maps began as a C++ desktop program at Where 2 Technologies. In October 2004, the company was acquired by Google, which converted it into a web application. After additional acquisitions of a geospatial data visualization company and a realtime traffic analyzer, Google Maps was launched in February 2005. The service's front end utilizes\",\n \"title\": \"Google Maps\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19518370\",\n \"text\": \"colored status LEDs on the top for visual representation of its status, and the cover over the base is modular, with different color options offered through Google Store intended for the device to blend into the environment. In October 2017, Google announced two additions to the product lineup, the Google Home Mini and the Google Home Max. In March 2016, reports were published about Google developing a wireless speaker to compete against the Amazon Echo. Google Home was officially announced at the company's developer conference in May 2016, where it was also announced that Home would run Google Assistant (a\",\n \"title\": \"Google Home\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17640277\",\n \"text\": \"in a project to build a water-based backup data center for Google several years ago as saying that Google may be completing that project. Google barges The Google barges were a group of four floating barges built between 2010 and 2012, intended by Google to serve as \\\"an interactive space where people can learn about new technology\\\", possibly as luxury showrooms for Google Glass and other products on an invitation-only basis. Google halted work on the barges in late 2013 and began selling off the barges in 2014. Two of the barges (one San Francisco barge and the former Portland\",\n \"title\": \"Google barges\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8249081\",\n \"text\": \"acquisition. However, effective April 2011 YouTube users are required to link to a separate Google Account if they wish to continue to log into that service. Google Account users may create a publicly accessible Google profile, to configure their presentation on Google products to other Google users. A Google profile can be linked to a user's profiles on various social-networking and image-hosting sites, as well as user blogs. Third-party service providers may implement service authentication for Google Account holders via the Google Account mechanism. While creating a Google account, users are asked to provide a recovery email address to allow\",\n \"title\": \"Google Account\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13068896\",\n \"text\": \"Google Shell Google Shell, or goosh, is an open-source browser based Unix-like shell used as a front end for Google search. Written in AJAX the results are shown directly on the page. Google Shell is open source under the Artistic License/GPL. The code is currently hosted on Google Code. Users are able to use most of the features of Google through specific commands and keywords. Functions that are marked with a * are currently experimental, and should be used with caution. While most of the command results are displayed as text, a few will display a portion of a website\",\n \"title\": \"Google Shell\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13068897\",\n \"text\": \"for you to interact with. The default amount of results when searching is only 4, but this, along with other settings, can be changed. When a user is logged into their Google Account, their settings are saved remotely. Google Shell Google Shell, or goosh, is an open-source browser based Unix-like shell used as a front end for Google search. Written in AJAX the results are shown directly on the page. Google Shell is open source under the Artistic License/GPL. The code is currently hosted on Google Code. Users are able to use most of the features of Google through specific\",\n \"title\": \"Google Shell\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3946713\",\n \"text\": \"of its services. The feature, which lets users create a group consisting of their family members' individual Google accounts, lets users add their \\\"Family Group\\\" as a collaborator to shared albums in Google Photos, shared notes in Google Keep, and common events in Google Calendar. At announcement, the feature is limited to Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, Russia, Spain, United Kingdom and United States. Google APIs are a set of application programming interfaces (APIs) developed by Google which allow communication with Google Services and their integration to other services. Examples of these include Search,\",\n \"title\": \"Google\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18029188\",\n \"text\": \"Google Developer Expert A Google Developers Expert (GDE) is a person recognized by Google Inc. as having exemplary expertise in one or more of their Google Developers products. GDEs are awarded through the Google Developers Experts program established and administered by Google. GDEs have a tenure of one year which can be extended through re-interview. A Google Developers Expert cannot be a Google employee whilst a member of the program. GDEs are not permitted to \\\"make any statements on behalf of Google or any Google company\\\" and be clear that any opinions are not those of Google. The current Google\",\n \"title\": \"Google Developer Expert\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8693727\",\n \"text\": \"Google Gadgets Google Gadgets are dynamic web content that can be embedded on a web page. They can be added to and interact strongly with Google's iGoogle personalized home page (discontinued in November 2013, although iGoogle Gadgets still work on other websites) and the Google Desktop (discontinued in September 2011) application, as well as Google Wave (also no longer supported by Google) and Google Sites. Webmasters can add and customize a gadget to their own business or personal web site, a process called \\\"syndication\\\". Gadgets are developed by Google and third-party developers using the Google Gadgets API, using basic web\",\n \"title\": \"Google Gadgets\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20290182\",\n \"text\": \"Tenrikyo Church Headquarters Tenrikyo Church Headquarters (\\\"Tenrikyo Kyokai Honbu\\\" 天理教教会本部) is the main headquarters of the Tenrikyo religion, located in Tenri, Nara, Japan. This establishment is significant to followers because it is built around the \\\"Jiba\\\", the spot where followers believe the god Tenri-O-no-Mikoto conceived humankind. The organization of Tenrikyo Church Headquarters consists primarily of the headquarters proper (本部 \\\"honbu\\\"), grand churches (大教会 \\\"daikyōkai\\\"), branch churches (分教会 \\\"bunkyōkai\\\"), and dioceses (教区 \\\"kyōku\\\"). Under the management of the main headquarters is a dual organizational structure, such that the grand churches and branch churches minister to adherents genealogically while the dioceses minister\",\n \"title\": \"Tenrikyo Church Headquarters\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16415817\",\n \"text\": \"named Google Glass Breastfeeding app trial, allows mothers to nurse their baby while viewing instructions about common breastfeeding issues (latching on, posture etc.) or call a lactation consultant via a secure Google Hangout, who can view the issue through the mother's Google Glass camera. The trial was successfully concluded in Melbourne in April 2014, with 100% of participants breastfeeding confidently. Brain Power, LLC, is a neuroscience technology company located in Cambridge, MA. It is a software that transformed Google Glass into the world’s first wearable AI system for autism. . Brain Power was founded by Dr. Ned T. Sahin. After\",\n \"title\": \"Google Glass\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7941133\",\n \"text\": \"applications in the Java programming language. The site contains reference information for community based developer products that Google is involved with like Android from the Open Handset Alliance and OpenSocial from the OpenSocial Foundation. Google offers a variety of APIs, mostly web APIs for web developers. The APIs are based on popular Google consumer products, including Google Maps, Google Earth, AdSense, Adwords, Google Apps and YouTube. The Google Data APIs allow programmers to create applications that read and write data from Google services. Currently, these include APIs for Google Apps, Google Analytics, Blogger, Google Base, Google Book Search, Google Calendar,\",\n \"title\": \"Google Developers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"160975\",\n \"text\": \"charity, Google doubled the amount to $12,000. In addition to its tool for searching webpages, Google also provides services for searching images, Usenet newsgroups, news websites, videos, searching by locality, maps, and items for sale online. In 2012, Google has indexed over 30 trillion web pages, and received 100 billion queries per month. It also caches much of the content that it indexes. Google operates other tools and services including Google News, Google Shopping, Google Maps, Google Custom Search, Google Earth, Google Docs, Picasa, Panoramio, YouTube, Google Translate, Google Blog Search and Google Desktop Search. There are also products available\",\n \"title\": \"Google Search\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20165380\",\n \"text\": \"1994, and the ranch buildings were then not occupied, and were fenced off from grazing cattle. Google Maps shows a Beaver Creek Ranch on Napier Road in Gillette (is this the successor ranch headquarters?), at . Note there is at least one other Beaver Creek Ranch in Wyoming, in Weston County. Beaver Creek Ranch Headquarters The Beaver Creek Ranch Headquarters, in the vicinity of Buffalo in the Powder River Basin in Johnson County, Wyoming, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014. The ranch has been known as Schoonover Ranch, as Harriet Ranch, and as Iberlin Ranch.\",\n \"title\": \"Beaver Creek Ranch Headquarters\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4536747\",\n \"text\": \"competitions for school students to create their own Google doodles, referred to as \\\"Doodle 4 Google\\\". Winning doodles go onto the Doodle 4 Google website, where the public can vote for the winner, who wins a trip to the Googleplex and the hosting of the winning doodle for 24 hours on the Google website. The competition originated in the United Kingdom, and has since expanded to the United States and other countries. The competition was also held in Ireland in 2008. Google announced a Doodle 4 Google competition for India in 2009 and the winning doodle was displayed on the\",\n \"title\": \"Google Doodle\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2639240\",\n \"text\": \"category on the website of the \\\"Sun-Sentinel\\\", a sister paper. Google News index's next pass found the link as new news, and Income Security Advisors found the Google result to be new news, which was passed along to Bloomberg News, where it was briefly a current headline and very widely viewed. Google News Google News is a news aggregator and app developed by Google. It presents a continuous, customizable flow of articles organized from thousands of publishers and magazines. Google News is available on Android, iOS, and the web. A beta version was launched in September 2002, and released officially\",\n \"title\": \"Google News\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19523722\",\n \"text\": \"Google Spaces Google Spaces (or simply Spaces) was an app for group discussions and messaging developed by Google. The app was intended to compete with Slack as a content sharing platform where users can create a \\\"space\\\", invite their friends for discussion, and share videos, images, text, and other media. Google services such as the web browser Chrome, search engine Google Search, and video sharing platform YouTube were built into the app to allow users to source content from them. Launched on May 16, 2016, it was available to download on Windows, Mac, Android, and iOS operating systems. Google Spaces\",\n \"title\": \"Google Spaces\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18030281\",\n \"text\": \"for teachers to organize content by topic. Google Classroom ties Google Drive, Google Docs, Sheets and Slides, and Gmail together to help educational institutions go to a paperless system. Google Calendar was later integrated to help with assignment due dates, field trips, and class speakers. Students can be invited to classrooms through the institution's database, through a private code that can then be added in the student's user interface or automatically imported from a school domain. Each class created with Google Classroom creates a separate folder in the respective user's Google Drive, where the student can submit work to be\",\n \"title\": \"Google Classroom\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15975798\",\n \"text\": \"and inserting drawings into other Google documents, spreadsheets, or presentations. In a review of Google Drive after its launch in April 2012, Dan Grabham of \\\"TechRadar\\\" wrote that the integration of Google Docs into Google Drive was \\\"a bit confusing\\\", mainly due to the differences in the user interfaces between the two, where Drive offers a \\\"My Drive\\\" section with a specific \\\"Shared with me\\\" view for shared documents. He stated that \\\"We think the user interface needs a lot more work. It's like a retread of Google Docs at the moment and Google surely needs to do work here\\\".\",\n \"title\": \"Google Drive\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12132346\",\n \"text\": \"Google Map Maker Google Map Maker is a discontinued mapping and map editing service launched by Google in June 2008. In geographies where it is hard to find providers of good map data, user contributions could be used to increase map quality. Changes to Google Map Maker were intended to appear on Google Maps only after sufficient review by Google moderators. Google Map Maker was used at Google Mapathon events held annually. In November 2016, it was announced that Google Map Maker would be retired and merged with Google Maps itself; it was officially shut down on March 31, 2017.\",\n \"title\": \"Google Map Maker\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10975005\",\n \"text\": \"Corporate headquarters Corporate headquarters is the part of a corporate structure that deals with important tasks such as strategic planning, corporate communications, taxes, law, marketing, finance, human resources, and information technology. Corporate headquarters takes responsibility for the overall success of the corporation and ensures corporate governance. It is sometimes referred to as the head office, which is the location where the executives of a business work and where many of the key business decisions are made. Generally, corporate headquarters acts as a core when the business is operating. The corporate headquarters includes: the CEO (chief executive officer) as a key\",\n \"title\": \"Corporate headquarters\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6461671\",\n \"text\": \"test, free Help Center FAQ and Google Groups forum for official Google Analytics product support. New product features are announced on the Google Analytics Blog. Enterprise support is provided through Google Analytics Certified Partners. The Google Analytics API is used by third parties to build custom applications such as reporting tools. Many such applications exist. One was built to run on iOS (Apple) devices and is featured in Apple's app store. There are some third party products that also provide Google Analytics-based tracking. The Management API, Core Reporting API, MCF Reporting API, and Real Time Reporting API are subject to\",\n \"title\": \"Google Analytics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5412084\",\n \"text\": \"on Sky mode are constellations, stars, galaxies, and animations depicting the planets in their orbits. A real-time Google Sky mashup of recent astronomical transients, using the VOEvent protocol, is being provided by the VOEventNet collaboration. Other programs similar to Google Sky include Microsoft WorldWide Telescope and Stellarium. Google Mars is an application within Google Earth that is a version of the program for imagery of the planet Mars. Google also operates a browser-based version, although the maps are of a much higher resolution within Google Earth, and include 3D terrain, as well as infrared imagery and elevation data. There are\",\n \"title\": \"Google Earth\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4536744\",\n \"text\": \"Google Doodles are also used to depict major events at Google, such as the company's own anniversary. The celebration of historical events is another common topic of Google Doodles including a Lego brick design in celebration of the interlocking Lego block's 50th anniversary. Some Google Doodles are limited to Google's country-specific home pages while others appear globally. The illustrators, engineers, and artists who design Google Doodles are called \\\"Doodlers.\\\" These doodlers have included artists like Ekua Holmes, Jennifer Hom, Sophia Foster-Dimino, Ranganath Krishnamani, and Dennis Hwang. In May 2010, on the 30th anniversary of the 1980 arcade game \\\"Pac-Man\\\", Google\",\n \"title\": \"Google Doodle\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17465176\",\n \"text\": \"used by the Google Fonts community. Webmasters within Germany have received warning letters from lawyers claiming that loading Google Fonts directly from Google servers was not GDPR compliant. Google Fonts Google Fonts (previously called Google Web Fonts) is a library of 900 libre licensed fonts, an interactive web directory for browsing the library, and APIs for conveniently using the fonts via CSS and Android. The directory was launched in 2010 and revamped in 2011 and 2016. Most of the fonts are released under the SIL Open Font License 1.1, while some are released under the Apache License; both are libre\",\n \"title\": \"Google Fonts\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3320903\",\n \"text\": \"including Orthodox Churches, has its headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. The headquarters of Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople is located in Istanbul, Turkey. The headquarters of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is located in Salt Lake City, Utah. The Anglican Communion Office is in London. In Japanese budō martial arts such as karate, judo, aikido, kendo, etc., there is usually a headquarters for each organization or region. The Japanese word honbu (本部) is generally used for that, also outside Japan. Sometimes they refer to this headquarters as \\\"honbu dojo\\\" (本部道場) in which dojo (道場) is a facility provided for\",\n \"title\": \"Headquarters\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["mountain view"],"string":"[\n \"mountain view\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":390,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"who is princess leia?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"612864","text":"of strong female characters. Yes, Princess Leia was in a gold bikini, but she was also the one who single-handedly killed Jabba. When you take into account movies and TV shows like \"Terminator\", \"Aliens\", \"Battlestar Galactica\", and even video games like \"Metroid\", you can see sci-fi has consistently promoted the strength of women more than any other genre.\" Princess Leia Princess Leia Organa of Alderaan (also Senator Leia Organa or General Leia Organa) is a fictional character in the \"Star Wars\" franchise, portrayed in films by Carrie Fisher. Introduced in the original \"Star Wars\" film in 1977, Leia is princess","title":"Princess Leia"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612864\",\n \"text\": \"of strong female characters. Yes, Princess Leia was in a gold bikini, but she was also the one who single-handedly killed Jabba. When you take into account movies and TV shows like \\\"Terminator\\\", \\\"Aliens\\\", \\\"Battlestar Galactica\\\", and even video games like \\\"Metroid\\\", you can see sci-fi has consistently promoted the strength of women more than any other genre.\\\" Princess Leia Princess Leia Organa of Alderaan (also Senator Leia Organa or General Leia Organa) is a fictional character in the \\\"Star Wars\\\" franchise, portrayed in films by Carrie Fisher. Introduced in the original \\\"Star Wars\\\" film in 1977, Leia is princess\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"612838","text":"soon after, as Luke, Leia and the Rebels fight the Sith Lord Shadowspawn. In \"The Courtship of Princess Leia\" (1994) by Dave Wolverton, set immediately before the \"Thrawn\" trilogy, Leia is presented with an advantageous political marriage to Prince Isolder of the planet Hapes. A jealous Han abducts Leia and takes her to the planet Dathomir; Luke and Isolder follow, and there they all find the hidden forces of the Imperial warlord Zsinj. Defeating him, Han and Leia marry. The 2003 novels \"A Forest Apart\" and \"Tatooine Ghost\" by Troy Denning are set immediately after \"The Courtship of Princess Leia\".","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612817","text":"birth to the twins Luke and Leia, a link to genuine feeling is established at last.\" In March 2013, Fisher confirmed that she would reprise her role as Leia in \"\". Set 30 years after \"Return of the Jedi\", \"The Force Awakens\" reintroduces a Leia who is \"a little more battle weary, a little more broken hearted\". In November 2015, director J.J. Abrams said of Leia, \"She's referred to as General but ... there's a moment in the movie where a character sort of slips and calls her 'Princess.'\" Commenting on the story he added, \"The stakes are pretty high","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612804","text":"to the fourth draft as a childhood friend of Luke. Leia was at one point \"the daughter of Owen Lars and his wife Beru ... Luke's cousin–together they visit the grave of his mother, who perished with his father on a planet destroyed by the Death Star.\" A later story synopsis establishes Leia as \"Leia Antilles\", the daughter of Bail Antilles from the peaceful world of Organa Major. In the fourth draft it was established that \"Leia Organa\" came instead from Alderaan. Fisher was 19 when she was cast as Princess Leia, with actresses including Amy Irving, Cindy Williams and","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612828","text":"set between \"The Empire Strikes Back\" and \"Return of the Jedi\", and Claudia Gray's novels \"\" (2016) and \"\" (2017). The former is set six years before \"The Force Awakens\", while the latter features a 16-year-old Leia before the events of \"A New Hope\". Leia is the lead character in the five-part comic limited series \"\" (2015), set between \"Episode IV: A New Hope\" and \"The Empire Strikes Back\". She is featured prominently in the four-part comic limited series \"\" (2015), set immediately after \"Return of the Jedi\". In \"Princess Leia\" #2 and \"Shattered Empire\", Leia is seen using her","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612852","text":"products, and bubble bath and shampoo in Leia-shaped bottles with her head as the cap. In her one-woman show \"Wishful Drinking\", Fisher called the Princess Leia Pez dispenser one of the \"merchandising horrors\" of the series. In a 2011 interview, Fisher said: After the 2012 acquisition of LucasFilm by the Walt Disney Company, the Disney Store stated in May 2014 that the company had \"no plans for Leia products\". After public criticism, Disney told \"Time\" in June 2014 that it would be releasing several Leia products. Funko has since produced several versions of Leia (at least one for each film)","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612824","text":"Order troops, Leia is among the remaining Resistance forces who escape from Crait in the \"Millennium Falcon\". Following Fisher's death, \"Variety\" reported that she was slated to appear in \"\" and speculated that Lucasfilm would need to find a way to address her death and what would become of her character. Filming began on August 1, 2018. Lucasfilm announced in January 2017 that they had \"no plans to digitally recreate Carrie Fisher's performance as Princess or General Leia Organa\". In April 2017, Fisher's family granted Disney and Lucasfilm the rights to use recent footage of the late actress in \"Episode","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612857","text":"the penultimate bombing sequence in \"The Dam Busters\". Comparisons have also been made to the 4th century BC Iberian sculpture Lady of Elche, as well as the 1920s \"earphones\" hairstyle. Leia has been the subject of feminist analysis. Mark Edlitz wrote for \"The Huffington Post\" in 2010 that \"Leia is an exemplary personification of female empowerment.\" David Bushman, television curator at the Paley Center for Media, said in 2012, \"From the male perspective ... Princess Leia was a very creditable character for her time—not perfect, but certainly defiant, assertive, and strong.\" Alyssa Rosenberg of \"The Washington Post\" wrote in 2015,","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612860","text":"and should acknowledge that she needs him. In their 2012 essay \"Lightsabers, Political Arenas, and Marriages\", Ray Merlock and Kathy Merlock Jackson cite Leia as the successor of earlier science fiction heroines Wilma Deering of \"Buck Rogers\" and Dale Arden of \"Flash Gordon\", and the embodiment of \"a new stage in the ongoing presentation of the fairy-tale princess in jeopardy\". Writing that \"after Leia, no longer would princesses be passive and salvaged simply with a kiss,\" they note the reflection of the character in later Disney Princess animated films and in woman warriors such as Ellen Ripley from the \"Alien\"","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612854","text":"of her head. Miss Piggy of \"The Muppet Show\" copied the hairdo in a \"Star Wars\"-themed episode of the series in February 1980. In the 1987 Mel Brooks comedy film \"Spaceballs\", Princess Vespa (Daphne Zuniga) appears to have the hairstyle, which is soon revealed to in fact be a large pair of headphones. In the parody film \"Thumb Wars\", the role of Leia was filled by a character named Princess Bunhead, who has two cinnamon rolls for hair. In 2015, Fisher's daughter Billie Lourd's character in the horror-comedy TV series \"Scream Queens\", a rich and disaffected sorority girl known as","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"19307212","text":"ships piloted by other Alderaanians arrive to join Leia, they are outnumbered by the Imperial forces. The Imperials, however, plan on destroying all the Alderaan ships, and a space battle ensues, though without the help of the Alder-Espirions Leia knows the Imperials will win. However, after being convinced by Evaan, Leia gives a speech promoting Alderaanian values to all the ships, and the battle is turned when the Alder-Espirions join the fight, having viewed Leia's speech thanks to R2. The battle won, Leia leaves to help the Rebellion again, telling Evaan to have the Alderaanians elect a new princess and","title":"Star Wars: Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612823","text":"her flagship, the \"Raddus\", who are expelled into space when the ship is attacked by the First Order. Leia uses the Force to pull herself back to the ship. After recovering, she shoots and stuns Poe Dameron, who has mutinied against her successor, Vice Admiral Holdo. From his solitude on Ahch-To, Luke projects himself through the Force to the Resistance stronghold on Crait and reunites with Leia, apologizing for what happened to Ben. Leia replies that she knows her son is gone, but Luke reassures her that \"no one's ever really gone\". While Luke distracts Kylo and his attacking First","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612812","text":"of a space slug, they finally share a kiss. With his ship needing repairs, Han seeks out his old friend Lando Calrissian in Cloud City, the floating city over Bespin. Though he welcomes them graciously, Lando soon turns them over to a newly arrived Darth Vader, who hopes to use them as bait to capture Luke. Leia confesses her love for Han as he is frozen in carbonite and then handed over to bounty hunter Boba Fett, who is charged with bringing him to the crime lord Jabba the Hutt. Lando helps Leia, Chewbacca and the two droids escape. Leia","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612801","text":"with the smuggler, Han Solo. In \"Return of the Jedi\" (1983), Leia leads the operation to rescue Han from the crime lord Jabba the Hutt, and is revealed to be Vader's daughter and the twin sister of Luke Skywalker. The prequel film \"\" (2005) establishes that the twins' mother is Senator (and former queen) Padmé Amidala of Naboo, who dies after childbirth. Leia is adopted by Senator Bail and Queen Breha Organa of Alderaan. In \"\" (2015) and \"\" (2017), Leia is the founder and General of the Resistance against the First Order. She and Han have a son named","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612845","text":"and Allana, but become caught up in a Corellian conspiracy. They are almost killed when the \"Millennium Falcon\" is attacked by a Star Destroyer controlled by an increasingly powerful Jacen—who knows that his parents are on board. With Han injured, Leia and Lando further investigate the Corellians in Aaron Allston's \"Exile\" (2007), but Alema reappears to exact her vengeance on Leia. \"Sacrifice\" (2007) by Karen Traviss finds Leia and Han on the run, hunted by Jacen as traitors to the Galactic Alliance. He kills Luke's wife Mara Jade as his final sacrifice to become Darth Caedus, the new ruler of","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612819","text":"a First Order attack searching for the Resistance astromech droid BB-8, Leia is reunited with Han, who has helped the renegade stormtrooper Finn and orphaned scavenger Rey bring the droid this far. Han and Leia have been estranged for many years; their marriage fell apart after their son, Ben Solo, fell to the dark side and became the First Order commander Kylo Ren. Leia believes Ben can still be brought back to the light side. Han volunteers for a mission to infiltrate the First Order's Starkiller Base to disable its defensive shields. Confronting Ren, Han tries to convince his son","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612814","text":"be fed to the Sarlacc. Lando (disguised as a guard) helps them overpower their captors, and Leia seizes the moment to strangle Jabba with her chain. Luke and Leia swing to safety, blowing up Jabba's barge behind them. Later, the heroes go to the forest moon of Endor to prepare for a battle with the Empire. There, Luke reveals to Leia that she is his twin sister and that Vader is their father. Leia joins Han in leading the Rebels in battle with Imperial troops as the Rebel Fleet attacks the second Death Star. Leia is slightly injured, but the","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612862","text":"with my tits bouncing around. So I wasn't threatening to women\", adding \"I \"like\" Princess Leia. I like how she was feisty. I like how she killed Jabba the Hutt\". Leia's slave costume when she is held captive by Jabba the Hutt at the beginning of \"Return of the Jedi\"—made of brass and dubbed Leia's \"Metal Bikini\" or \"Gold Bikini\"—immediately made the character (and Fisher) a \"generational sex symbol\" celebrated by pin-up posters, and later merchandising and cosplay. The outfit has gained a cult following of its own. Rosenberg noted that \"the costume has become culturally iconic in a way","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612837","text":"carbonate by Zorba. \"Mission from Mount Yoda\" (1993) finds Ken's father Triclops alive and willing to join the Rebels against the Empire. Leia, now engaged to Han, is captured by Zorba in \"Queen of the Empire\" (1993). Trioculus is revived and seizes Leia before Zorba can kill her. Leia is rescued and replaced with a lookalike droid decoy, which kills Trioculus. In \"Prophets of the Dark Side\" (1993), Leia looks forward to her wedding to Han and has a vision of their two children. Matthew Stover's 2008 standalone novel \"Luke Skywalker and the Shadows of Mindor\" picks up the story","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612815","text":"Rebels, with help from the Ewoks, ultimately defeat the forces of the Empire, with the Death Star destroyed once more. Fisher told \"Rolling Stone\" in 1983, \"In \"Return of the Jedi\", [Leia] gets to be more feminine, more supportive, more affectionate. But let's not forget that these movies are basically boys' fantasies. So the other way they made her more female in this one was to have her take off her clothes.\" Rosenberg writes of Han and Leia: In the film, Leia says that she has vague memories of her real mother, who she describes as \"kind... but sad\". Bouzereau","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612832","text":"In \"Heir to the Empire\" (1991), Leia is married to Han and three months pregnant with twins. Noghri commandos repeatedly attempt to kidnap her as part of Grand Admiral Thrawn's plan to restore the Empire and crush the New Republic. In \"Dark Force Rising\" (1992), Leia realizes that Darth Vader and the Empire deceived the Noghri to secure their allegiance, and by revealing the truth she turns the alien race to the side of the New Republic. In \"The Last Command\" (1993), Leia gives birth to the twins Jaina and Jacen on Coruscant during Thrawn's siege. Leia, now the Chief","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"6552077","text":"The One with the Princess Leia Fantasy \"The One with the Princess Leia Fantasy\" is the season premiere of the third season of the American and the 49th episode overall of television situation comedy \"Friends\", which was broadcast on NBC on September 19, 1996. The plot has Ross (David Schwimmer) tell girlfriend Rachel (Jennifer Aniston) the titular fantasy. In subplots, Monica (Courteney Cox) tries to get over her break-up with Richard, while Joey (Matt LeBlanc) has to cope with Chandler's (Matthew Perry) annoying girlfriend Janice being around. The episode was directed by Gail Mancuso, written by Michael Curtis and Gregory","title":"The One with the Princess Leia Fantasy"},{"psg_id":"19307211","text":"determined to find out who in their group leaked their location to the Empire. Jora identifies Tace as the traitor, though Leia soon realizes that she was unaware of Tula's alliance with the Empire. Leia tasks Tace to question Tula, who is taken into custody when the Imperials realizes that she has been exposed. Meanwhile, reunification talks with Alderaanians on Espirion are ruined when Jora reacts with disgust at the interbreeding of Alderaanians with the alien natives. Leia arranges with the Imperial commander to exchange herself for Tula. Evaan rescues Leia as part of a planned double-cross, and though countless","title":"Star Wars: Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612818","text":"in the story for her, so there's not much goofing around where Leia's concerned.\" Asked how Leia is handling things in the film, Fisher said, \"Not easily ... [she is] solitary. Under a lot of pressure. Committed as ever to her cause, but I would imagine feeling somewhat defeated, tired, and pissed.\" In the film, Leia is the leader of the Resistance, a group formed by the New Republic to fight a proxy war with the First Order (a group formed by the remnants of the Empire) and trying to find Luke, who disappeared years earlier. When her forces foil","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612843","text":"a pregnant woman, whom Luke learns is his and Leia's biological mother, Padmé Amidala. Anakin and Padmé are discussing a dream of Anakin's in which Padmé dies in childbirth; later, Luke and Leia watch a clip in which Padmé is talking to Obi-Wan Kenobi about Anakin. Tenel Ka, Queen Mother of the Hapes Consortium, has a daughter, Allana, secretly fathered by Jacen. In \"The Swarm War\" (2005), Luke and Leia view holoclips of their mother's death, and Leia is promoted to Jedi Knight. The bestselling \"Legacy of the Force\" series (2006–08) chronicles the crossover of Han and Leia's son Jacen","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612849","text":"plan to restore the Empire. A captive Leia, resisting Palpatine's attempts to turn her as well, escapes with an artifact he needs to secure his power, the Jedi Holocron. Luke pursues her, and Leia manages to turn him back. Brother and sister then fight Palpatine with the light side of the Force, turning his own Force-generated storm against him and destroying Palpatine and his Star Destroyer. In \"Dark Empire II\" (1994–95), Leia gives birth to a third child by Han, whom she names Anakin. Palpatine is reborn in an inferior, rapidly deteriorating clone body in \"Empire's End\" (1995), and seeks","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612846","text":"the Sith. In \"Inferno\" (2007) by Troy Denning, Han and Leia are faced with the reality that their son, now Joint Chief of State, is the enemy. Leia attempts unsuccessfully to manipulate Jacen in Aaron Allston's \"Fury\" (2007) so that the Jedi can both thwart him and neutralize Alema. Finally, in \"Invincible\" (2008) by Troy Denning, Jaina kills Jacen in lightsaber duel. At Tenel Ka's request, Leia and Han adopt Allana, disguised with the name \"Amelia\" to protect her from any future vengeance against Cadeus or the Hapes Consortium. Multiple novels in the series made the \"New York Times\" Best","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612842","text":"son Anakin is later killed during a mission to prevent more Voxyn from being cloned. The Vong are finally defeated in \"The Unifying Force\" (2003) by James Luceno. In Denning's The \"Dark Nest\" trilogy (2005), Leia, Han and several Jedi become involved in an escalating border dispute between the Chiss and the insidious insectoid Killiks, and Leia makes a bitter enemy in the Twi'lek warrior Alema Rar. In \"The Joiner King\" (2005), Leia asks Saba Sebatyne to train her as a Jedi Knight. R2-D2 malfunctions in \"The Unseen Queen\" (2005) and shows Luke a holoclip of his father Anakin and","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612811","text":"film was because I was unconscious and the Wookiee would have had to carry me for, like, the next fifteen minutes.\" In \"The Empire Strikes Back\" (1980), Leia is at the Rebel base on Hoth. She leads its evacuation during an Imperial attack, and then flees with Han, Chewbacca and C-3PO on Han's ship, the \"Millennium Falcon\". They dodge pursuing Imperial TIE fighters by flying into an asteroid field when the \"Falcon\" hyperdrive breaks down, with Leia piloting the ship at one point. Romance blossoms between Leia and Han during their flight from the Empire; while hiding in the stomach","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612809","text":"Skywalker and Han Solo, and they escape aboard Han's ship, the \"Millennium Falcon\". After analyzing the Death Star's schematics, the Rebels find a tiny weakness in the battle station, which Luke uses to destroy it in his X-wing fighter. In the aftermath of the victory, Leia bestows medals on the heroes at the hidden Rebel base on Yavin 4. Alyssa Rosenberg of \"The Washington Post\" writes of Leia in the film: Rosenberg also notes that, though Han is almost immediately attracted to Leia, they conflict because she insists on asserting command and he automatically resists, even as she proves herself","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612835","text":"other. Leia appears periodically in the \"Young Jedi Knights\" series (1995–98) by Kevin J. Anderson and Rebecca Moesta. The 14-volume young adult fiction series covers the Jedi training of Jacen and Jaina. In \"The Truce at Bakura\" (1993) by Kathy Tyers, set one day after the ending of \"Return of the Jedi\", Leia establishes New Alderaan, a sanctuary for the destroyed planet's surviving inhabitants. The spirit of Anakin Skywalker appears to Leia and pleads for her forgiveness, but she angrily banishes him. The six-volume \"Jedi Prince\" series (1992–93) by Paul Davids and Hollace Davids, later contradicted by other novels, is","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"20686816","text":"the blessing of Breha and Mon, who cannot disrupt their own schedules for fear of inviting suspicion, Leia moves to warn the rebels. Commandeering a ship chartered by Amilyn, Leia heads for Pamarthe to hide her true destination. Calling in her favor from the Chalhudden leader, Leia books passage from Pamarthe to the shipyard. She and Amilyn are able to warn Bail, who evacuates the ships and initiates the self-destruct protocol for the repair facilities. Kier arrives, having followed Leia, and his ship is damaged by an explosion before Leia can warn him. She finds Kier dying, and learns that","title":"Star Wars: Leia, Princess of Alderaan"},{"psg_id":"612813","text":"senses that Luke is in trouble, and goes back to save him after he is nearly killed during a lightsaber duel and confrontation with Vader. Rosenberg notes: In \"Return of the Jedi\" (1983), Leia infiltrates Jabba the Hutt's palace on Tatooine disguised as the Ubese bounty hunter Boushh, and brings a captive Chewbacca with her as part of the ruse. She frees Han from the carbonite, but they are recaptured by Jabba. Leia is now chained to Jabba as his slave, outfitted in a metal bikini. After Luke arrives and kills Jabba's Rancor, Jabba sentences Luke, Han and Chewbacca to","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"7155987","text":"who from aboard the \"Mon Remonda\" has been prosecuting the search for this hidden fastness, wearily returns to the recently captured Coruscant expecting an end to the long separation between him and his beloved, Princess Leia, head of the New Republic. To his great surprise, when his vessel drops out of hyperspace and into the Coruscant system, what appears are a number of fearsome Imperial Star Destroyers, Hapan Battle Dragons, and Hapes Nova Class battle cruiser. Eventually, Han learns that the Hapes cluster had sent a delegation of some manner to the New Republic. He lands and enters the Imperial","title":"The Courtship of Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612858","text":"\"Leia wasn't just the first great heroine of science fiction and fantasy to capture my imagination. She was one of the first characters I encountered whose power came from her political conviction and acumen.\" In her 2007 article \"Feminism and the Force: Empowerment and Disillusionment in a Galaxy Far, Far Away\", Diana Dominguez cited Leia as a welcome change from the previous portrayals of women in film and TV. She wrote: Rosenberg writes that, though at first Luke is an apolitical innocent in search of adventure and Han is a detached opportunist in search of money, both are \"influenced by","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612841","text":"and on the heels of her warnings before the Senate, the alien Yuuzhan Vong invade the galaxy. They destroy system after system and defeat both the Jedi and the New Republic forces in countless battles. Chewbacca dies in \"Vector Prime\" (1999) by R.A. Salvatore, which sends Han into a deep depression that causes a rift between him and Leia. They reunite after Leia is gravely wounded at the Battle of Duro in Kathy Tyers' \"Balance Point\" (2000). She is targeted by a deadly Voxyn slayer in Troy Dennings' \"Star By Star\" (2001), and though she manages to evade death, her","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612833","text":"of State of the New Republic, is a minor character in the \"Jedi Academy\" trilogy (1994) by Kevin J. Anderson, set after the \"Thrawn\" trilogy. Next in the timeline is the \"Callista\" trilogy: \"Children of the Jedi\" (1995) by Barbara Hambly, \"Darksaber\" (1995) by Anderson and \"Planet of Twilight\" (1997) by Hambly. In \"The Crystal Star\" (1994) by Vonda McIntyre, young Jacen, Jaina and their three-year-old brother Anakin are kidnapped in a plot to restore the Empire, but are rescued by Leia and Chewbacca. Leia struggles with the responsibilities of her position in \"The Black Fleet Crisis\" trilogy (1996) by","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612816","text":"quoted Lucas in 1997: In the prequel film \"\" (2005), Padmé Amidala is pregnant with Anakin Skywalker's twins near the end of the Clone Wars. After Anakin turns to the dark side of the Force and becomes Darth Vader, Padmé gives birth to Luke and Leia on Polis Massa and then dies. Leia is adopted by Senator Bail Organa and his wife Queen Breha of Alderaan. Film critic Peter Travers of \"Rolling Stone\" wrote, \"As we watch Anakin nearly melt in the lava, only to be put together, Frankenstein style, in a lab while Lucas intercuts scenes of Padme giving","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612863","text":"that has slipped loose from the context of the scenes in which Leia wore it and the things she does after she is forced into the outfit.\" Philip Chien of the website \"Wired\" wrote in 2006, \"There's no doubt that the sight of Carrie Fisher in the gold sci-fi swimsuit was burned into the sweaty subconscious of a generation of fanboys hitting puberty in the spring of 1983.\" Acknowledging the opinion of some that the \"Slave Leia\" iconography tarnishes the character's position as \"feminist hero\", Rosenberg argues: Science fiction filmmaker Letia Clouston concurs, saying \"Sci-fi has had a long history","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612836","text":"set within a year after \"Return of the Jedi\". In \"The Glove of Darth Vader\" (1992), the self-proclaimed son of the defeated Emperor Palpatine, Trioculus, seeks the titular glove to cement himself as the new Emperor. Entranced by Leia's beauty in \"The Lost City of the Jedi\" (1992), Trioculus vows to make her his queen. He captures her in \"Zorba the Hutt's Revenge\" (1992), but Jabba the Hutt's vengeful father, Zorba, offers to trade his own prisoner Ken—Palpatine's real grandson whom Trioculus has been seeking—for Leia, his son's killer. But Leia and Ken are rescued and Trioculus is frozen in","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612808","text":"blueprints for the Death Star, the Empire's moon-sized battle station, inside the astromech droid R2-D2 and has sent it to find one of the last remaining Jedi, Obi-Wan Kenobi, on the nearby planet of Tatooine. Vader arrests Leia and has her tortured, but she resists revealing anything. Death Star commander Grand Moff Tarkin threatens to destroy her home planet Alderaan with the Death Star unless she reveals the location of the hidden Rebel base. She provides the location of an old, abandoned base on the planet Dantooine, but Tarkin orders Alderaan to be destroyed anyway. Leia is rescued by Luke","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612834","text":"Michael P. Kube-McDowell. In \"The New Rebellion\" (1996) by Kristine Kathryn Rusch, she avoids an assassination attempt and then aids in the defeat of the Dark Jedi Kueller, whom she shoots to death. The \"Corellian\" trilogy (1995) by Roger MacBride Allen finds Han and Leia swept up in a civil war while visiting his homeworld of Corellia with their children. In the two \"Hand of Thrawn\" novels by Timothy Zahn (1997's \"Specter of the Past\" and 1998's \"Vision of the Future\"), Leia tries to hold the New Republic together as Moff Disra conspires for its volatile factions to destroy each","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612810","text":"to be worthy of it. And despite her initial disdain for the smuggler, whom she sees as selfish, Leia later acknowledges \"I knew there was more to you than money\" when Han comes through for the Rebellion. Fisher told \"Rolling Stone\" in 1980 that in the original script, when Luke and Han come to rescue a captured Leia, \"I was hanging upside down with yellow eyes, like in \"The Exorcist\" ... Some form of radar torture was done to me and I was in a beam, bruised and beaten up, suspended in midair. The reason it was cut from the","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"19307209","text":"remaining Alderaanians. X-wing fighter pilots Luke Skywalker and Wedge Antilles pursue them, but the trio escape to Naboo. On Naboo, Leia meets with an old acquaintance, Lord Junn, to find the location of the Musical Order, a group of Alderaanian musicians. The Order have a cloister vow to only interact with other Alderaanians in order to keep their musical culturally pure, and their leader Pareece has kept the knowledge of Alderaan's destruction from them. Leia and Evaan soon find that they have been led into a trap, but Pareece saves their lives. Confronting Junn for his betrayal, Leia takes a","title":"Star Wars: Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"7155988","text":"Palace, where, with the help of C-3PO, who translates and comments on the formal diplomatic reception, he watches the Hapes delegation present to Leia a number of stunning gifts: the dozen Star Destroyers Han had seen, a Hapan gun of command, a small plant resembling a bonsai which promotes longevity and intelligence, and the hand of the Hapes cluster's ruler Ta'a Chume's son, Prince Isolder, in holy matrimony. The effect is devastating; Leia nearly accepts, driving Han into a frenzy of fear and jealousy. Han eventually wanders into a cantina in the lower reaches of Coruscant, where he participates in","title":"The Courtship of Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"20686814","text":"from the proud, frog-like Chalhuddens, Leia negotiates their acceptance of her aid in exchange for a favor to be owed her in the future. She begins gathering information about planetary abuses and brings it to Senator Mon Mothma of Chandrila, whom she hopes can publicize it. Mon, however, instructs Leia that the effort is futile. Leia is further enraged when the Empire uses an assignment issued to the Junior Legislature to seize control of a planet for industrial development. The imperious Grand Moff Tarkin seems to suspect that Bail and Breha are somehow involved in the recent turmoil. As Leia","title":"Star Wars: Leia, Princess of Alderaan"},{"psg_id":"612805","text":"Jodie Foster also up for the role. In 2014, InkTank reported that the extended list of \"more than two dozen actresses\" who had auditioned for Leia included Glenn Close, Farrah Fawcett, Jessica Lange, Sissy Spacek, Sigourney Weaver, Cybill Shepherd, Jane Seymour, Anjelica Huston, Kim Basinger, Kathleen Turner, Geena Davis and Meryl Streep. Asked about Streep in 2015, Fisher said, \"I've never heard that one. But Jodie Foster was up for it... that one I knew the most. Amy Irving and Jodie. And I got it.\" The second draft of the \"Return of the Jedi\" screenplay contained dialogue in which Obi-Wan","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"6552078","text":"S. Malins and guest stars Maggie Wheeler as Janice and Elliott Gould and Christina Pickles in cameos as Jack and Judy Geller. Monica tries to get over her breakup with Richard but she hasn't slept for three days. Phoebe (Lisa Kudrow) tries to help her relax, but with minimal success. After she breaks down in tears at the post office her father comes to comfort her. At Rachel's request, Ross tells her one of his sexual fantasies: the scene from \"Return of the Jedi\", where Princess Leia is in the gold bikini. He then gets upset when he finds out","title":"The One with the Princess Leia Fantasy"},{"psg_id":"20686813","text":"Crait, and Bail's revelation that he and Breha are part of a secret cabal working against the interests of the Empire. On another humanitarian mission to Naboo, Leia and Dalné, the Queen of Naboo, are almost killed when Moff Quarsh Panaka is assassinated with a bomb. Leia learns that her parents' ally Saw Gerrera, the leader of an extremist rebel cell called the Partisans, was responsible for the attack. Though Bail and Breha forbid her involvement in the conspiracy for her own safety, Leia continues her humanitarian missions to worlds they believe are safe. When she is faced with resistance","title":"Star Wars: Leia, Princess of Alderaan"},{"psg_id":"612855","text":"Chanel No. 3, wears earmuffs in every scene as an homage to Fisher's iconic Leia hairstyle. Lourd also has a cameo in \"The Force Awakens\" (2015) in which she wears Leia's distinctive hair buns. Asked about his inspiration for the hairstyle, George Lucas told \"Time\" in 2008, \"In the 1977 film, I was working very hard to create something different that wasn't fashion, so I went with a kind of Southwestern Pancho Villa woman revolutionary look, which is what that is. The buns are basically from turn-of-the-century Mexico.\" However, in 2015 Linda Rodriguez McRobbie of \"Mental Floss\" recounted research suggesting","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612844","text":"to the dark side of the Force while the Jedi, Solos and Skywalkers fight against his growing power. In \"Betrayal\" (2006) by Aaron Allston, Jacen turns to the dark side, believing that it is the only way to save the galaxy from the chaos brewing among the member systems of the Galactic Alliance. Jacen realizes in \"Bloodlines\" (2006) by Karen Traviss that the Sith discipline will require him to kill one of his loved ones, which he decides is an acceptable sacrifice to save the galaxy. In Troy Denning's \"Tempest\" (2006), Han and Leia thwart the assassination of Tenel Ka","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"19307215","text":"the issue a 7 out of 10, praising the characterization but the scene where Leia and Luke interact as well as Terry Dodson's art, which Schedeen felt failed to distinguish between the two leads and lacked \"clarity\" in faces. Comic Book Resources' Doug Zawisza praised the issue. Schedeen gave the third issue a 7.9 out of 10, continuing to praise the characterization and the increasing-endearingness of Evaan. Calling the issue more action-orientated, Schedeen felt this helped offset the book's visual problems. However, Schedeen felt the refugees' turn from distrusting to supporting Leia was sudden and poorly done. Maltby rated the","title":"Star Wars: Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"19307210","text":"ship instead of his life, and flees with the Order in tow. However, a member of the Order named Tace contacts her sister Tula, unaware that Tula has joined the Empire. Leia, Evaan and R2 search Sullust for a group of Alderaanians hiding in one of the planet's cave systems. Led by Jora Astane, these survivors have forsworn Alderaanian culture and are wary of Leia's party, especially when they intercept transmissions from an Imperial ship arriving in orbit on Leia's trail. R2 turns the native wildlife on the invading Imperials, and Jora agrees to serve Leia. She and Evaan are","title":"Star Wars: Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612847","text":"Seller list. The nine-volume \"Fate of the Jedi\" series (2009–12) by Aaron Allston, Troy Denning and Christie Golden finds Han and Leia become caught up in the intensifying conflict between the Galactic Alliance and the Jedi. In the wake of Darth Cadeus' death, the now-peaceful Galactic Alliance harbors a growing mistrust toward the Jedi, and the situation is worsened by a Force-induced psychosis that begins afflicting individual Jedi, sending them on violent rampages. In \"Millennium Falcon\" (2008) by James Luceno, set between \"Legacy of the Force\" and \"Fate of the Jedi\", a mysterious device hidden inside the eponymous spacecraft sends","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"20686812","text":"Wobani, a world whose people have been impoverished by the abusive governing of Emperor Palpatine's Galactic Empire. She outwits the Imperial supervisor and finds a legal way to liberate a group of refugees from the planet, and after departing witnesses the aftermath of an attack on Calderos Station, an Imperial waypoint. Leia takes a pathfinding class with other junior legislators, who include Amilyn Holdo of Gatalenta, and the other Alderaanian Apprentice Legislator, Kier Domadi. Leia realizes that the Empire has covered up the rebellious attack, and her research into possible perpetrators leads to her discovery of a hidden base on","title":"Star Wars: Leia, Princess of Alderaan"},{"psg_id":"7155989","text":"a high-stakes sabacc game. One of his opponents runs out of liquid financial instruments and instead proffers real estate: a deed to an entire habitable planet, Dathomir. Han thinks he has found a gift which would prove his worthiness to Leia and compare favorably with the gifts of Isolder (and provide a place to resettle the expatriates of Alderaan). When Leia examines his gift and points out that he has been conned (since Dathomir was in the section of the galaxy controlled by Zsinj), Han is further devastated. Isolder compounds insult with injury by denigrating the \"Millennium Falcon\" and offering","title":"The Courtship of Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"612859","text":"Leia's passion [and] take their places as full participants in the Rebellion\". She notes, \"Everyone else eventually comes around to Leia's view of the world.\" Leia herself, singularly dedicated to her political movement against the Empire, \"finds a partner in Han, acknowledging that personal happiness can help her sustain her commitment to building a better galactic order\". Rosenberg cites \"Leia's willingness to see the best in him, and Han's desire to live up to her belief in him\" as a foundation of their relationship, also pointing out his attempts to make her recognize that she has needs like anyone else","title":"Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"20686815","text":"becomes closer to Kier and entrusts him with details of her parents secret work, they are horrified by the punishment inflicted upon a planet whose leaders had committed similar treason against the Empire. Leia discovers a hidden shipyard where old and stolen starships of varying types are being refurbished for use by the conspirators. Tarkin meets with her on a pretext, but she knows he is probing for information on a possible conspiracy, thinking she is vulnerable to his manipulation. Leia passes the test but learns that the Empire is aware of the location of the nascent rebel fleet. With","title":"Star Wars: Leia, Princess of Alderaan"},{"psg_id":"7155990","text":"Han a Nova battle cruiser if he abandons his quest to win Leia's heart. Han snaps. He abducts Leia using the Gun of Command, and flees with her and Chewbacca aboard his recently refitted \"Millennium Falcon\" to Dathomir. Prince Isolder pursues him with his Hapan fleet. He arrives at Dathomir shortly after Han despite Han's headstart, as Isolder is aided by the Jedi Master Luke Skywalker who uses his Force powers to navigate a shorter (but still safe) path through hyperspace, shaving time off accepted conventional routes. There they both discovered that Zsinj had truly laid claim to Dathomir—in orbit","title":"The Courtship of Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"18597864","text":"able to be seen by multiple viewers at once, and not requiring CPU-intensive eye tracking. The company foresaw uses of its technology in mobile devices, automobiles, and medical applications. In May 2016, Leia announced a partnership with Altice to market a smartphone featuring its technology. In 2017, Red Digital Cinema announced its intent to produce a high-end smartphone featuring the technology (the Red Hydrogen One). As part of its development, Red entered into a strategic partnership with Leia, including funding, and Red's founder Jim Jannard joining Leia's board of directors. Leia (company) Leia Inc. is a Menlo Park-based startup company","title":"Leia (company)"},{"psg_id":"18597863","text":"Leia (company) Leia Inc. is a Menlo Park-based startup company developing display technology that uses nanostructures to diffract a backlight directionally into a light field, which can be used to generate \"holographic\" effects. Leia is headquartered in Menlo Park, California, with a nanofabrication center in Palo Alto and industrialization center in Suzhou, China. The company was founded in 2014 as a spin-off from HP Labs. Its research into the holographic display concept under HP was published by \"Nature\" in 2013. CEO David Fattal explained that its diffraction system would address shortcomings with other mobile 3D display systems, such as being","title":"Leia (company)"},{"psg_id":"7155994","text":"allows the \"Iron Fist\" to acquire the \"Falcon\" with a tractor beam; once it is within the deflector shields, he breaks it free of the beam lock, piloting his vessel over the superstructure of the gigantic vessel. Arriving upon the main bridge, he launches two concussion missiles, destroying the bridge, killing Zsinj, and knocking out the ventral shields. With \"Iron Fist\" so exposed, the Hapan Battle Dragons move into position with their ion cannons, disabling \"Iron Fist\". Defeated, Zsinj's empire soon crumbles. Shortly thereafter, Solo and Leia marry, having realized during their intrepid journey together that they loved each other.","title":"The Courtship of Princess Leia"},{"psg_id":"11641548","text":"Peter de Leia Peter de Leia, O.S.B. (died 16 July 1198), was Bishop of St David's from 1176 until his death. Before his appointment, he had been prior of the Cluniac house at Wenlock. De Leia was appointed by King Henry II of England as bishop, despite the preference of the cathedral chapter for Gerald de Barri, better known as Giraldus Cambrensis. Besides his rivalry with Gerald, de Leia had a stormy relationship with Rhys ap Gruffydd, Prince of Deheubarth, whose body he initially refused burial in 1197 on the grounds that he had earlier excommunicated the prince following a","title":"Peter de Leia"},{"psg_id":"15634140","text":"a radio and television host, has been photographed wearing the costume. Actress/model Phoebe Price wore it at the San Diego Comic-Con International in 2010. Liana K, the Canadian co-host of \"Ed & Red's Night Party\" and a well-known cosplayer, appeared at 2008 Calgary Comic and Entertainment Expo dressed in Princess Leia's slave girl outfit. Comedian Amy Schumer wore a replica of Leia's slave outfit for the August 2015 cover of \"GQ\". Princess Leia's bikini Princess Leia's bikini (also known as Princess Leia's metal bikini) is an iconic costume worn by actress Carrie Fisher as Princess Leia in the 1983 \"Star","title":"Princess Leia's bikini"},{"psg_id":"11641549","text":"dispute over stolen horses. It was during his episcopacy that the construction of the present St David's Cathedral was begun, and it is there that the Lord Rhys was eventually buried, after the corpse had been subjected to a ritual scourging as posthumous penance for the prince's misdemeanours. Following the death of de Leia, the chapter was again refused permission to elect Gerald de Barri, and the see remained vacant for six years. Peter de Leia Peter de Leia, O.S.B. (died 16 July 1198), was Bishop of St David's from 1176 until his death. Before his appointment, he had been","title":"Peter de Leia"},{"psg_id":"8742306","text":"two people trying to make the princess laugh to no avail. It comes to end when Cookie Monster, who was lurking behind them, ate both items, which the princess did think was funny. The Princess Who Never Smiled The Princess Who Never Smiled or The Unsmiling Tsarevna () is a Russian fairy tale collected by Alexander Afanasyev in \"Narodnye russkie skazki\". There was once a princess who never smiled or laughed. Her father promised that whoever made her smile could marry her, and many tried, but none succeeded. Across the town, an honest worker worked hard for his master. At","title":"The Princess Who Never Smiled"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612838\",\n \"text\": \"soon after, as Luke, Leia and the Rebels fight the Sith Lord Shadowspawn. In \\\"The Courtship of Princess Leia\\\" (1994) by Dave Wolverton, set immediately before the \\\"Thrawn\\\" trilogy, Leia is presented with an advantageous political marriage to Prince Isolder of the planet Hapes. A jealous Han abducts Leia and takes her to the planet Dathomir; Luke and Isolder follow, and there they all find the hidden forces of the Imperial warlord Zsinj. Defeating him, Han and Leia marry. The 2003 novels \\\"A Forest Apart\\\" and \\\"Tatooine Ghost\\\" by Troy Denning are set immediately after \\\"The Courtship of Princess Leia\\\".\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612817\",\n \"text\": \"birth to the twins Luke and Leia, a link to genuine feeling is established at last.\\\" In March 2013, Fisher confirmed that she would reprise her role as Leia in \\\"\\\". Set 30 years after \\\"Return of the Jedi\\\", \\\"The Force Awakens\\\" reintroduces a Leia who is \\\"a little more battle weary, a little more broken hearted\\\". In November 2015, director J.J. Abrams said of Leia, \\\"She's referred to as General but ... there's a moment in the movie where a character sort of slips and calls her 'Princess.'\\\" Commenting on the story he added, \\\"The stakes are pretty high\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612804\",\n \"text\": \"to the fourth draft as a childhood friend of Luke. Leia was at one point \\\"the daughter of Owen Lars and his wife Beru ... Luke's cousin–together they visit the grave of his mother, who perished with his father on a planet destroyed by the Death Star.\\\" A later story synopsis establishes Leia as \\\"Leia Antilles\\\", the daughter of Bail Antilles from the peaceful world of Organa Major. In the fourth draft it was established that \\\"Leia Organa\\\" came instead from Alderaan. Fisher was 19 when she was cast as Princess Leia, with actresses including Amy Irving, Cindy Williams and\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612828\",\n \"text\": \"set between \\\"The Empire Strikes Back\\\" and \\\"Return of the Jedi\\\", and Claudia Gray's novels \\\"\\\" (2016) and \\\"\\\" (2017). The former is set six years before \\\"The Force Awakens\\\", while the latter features a 16-year-old Leia before the events of \\\"A New Hope\\\". Leia is the lead character in the five-part comic limited series \\\"\\\" (2015), set between \\\"Episode IV: A New Hope\\\" and \\\"The Empire Strikes Back\\\". She is featured prominently in the four-part comic limited series \\\"\\\" (2015), set immediately after \\\"Return of the Jedi\\\". In \\\"Princess Leia\\\" #2 and \\\"Shattered Empire\\\", Leia is seen using her\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612852\",\n \"text\": \"products, and bubble bath and shampoo in Leia-shaped bottles with her head as the cap. In her one-woman show \\\"Wishful Drinking\\\", Fisher called the Princess Leia Pez dispenser one of the \\\"merchandising horrors\\\" of the series. In a 2011 interview, Fisher said: After the 2012 acquisition of LucasFilm by the Walt Disney Company, the Disney Store stated in May 2014 that the company had \\\"no plans for Leia products\\\". After public criticism, Disney told \\\"Time\\\" in June 2014 that it would be releasing several Leia products. Funko has since produced several versions of Leia (at least one for each film)\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612824\",\n \"text\": \"Order troops, Leia is among the remaining Resistance forces who escape from Crait in the \\\"Millennium Falcon\\\". Following Fisher's death, \\\"Variety\\\" reported that she was slated to appear in \\\"\\\" and speculated that Lucasfilm would need to find a way to address her death and what would become of her character. Filming began on August 1, 2018. Lucasfilm announced in January 2017 that they had \\\"no plans to digitally recreate Carrie Fisher's performance as Princess or General Leia Organa\\\". In April 2017, Fisher's family granted Disney and Lucasfilm the rights to use recent footage of the late actress in \\\"Episode\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612857\",\n \"text\": \"the penultimate bombing sequence in \\\"The Dam Busters\\\". Comparisons have also been made to the 4th century BC Iberian sculpture Lady of Elche, as well as the 1920s \\\"earphones\\\" hairstyle. Leia has been the subject of feminist analysis. Mark Edlitz wrote for \\\"The Huffington Post\\\" in 2010 that \\\"Leia is an exemplary personification of female empowerment.\\\" David Bushman, television curator at the Paley Center for Media, said in 2012, \\\"From the male perspective ... Princess Leia was a very creditable character for her time—not perfect, but certainly defiant, assertive, and strong.\\\" Alyssa Rosenberg of \\\"The Washington Post\\\" wrote in 2015,\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612860\",\n \"text\": \"and should acknowledge that she needs him. In their 2012 essay \\\"Lightsabers, Political Arenas, and Marriages\\\", Ray Merlock and Kathy Merlock Jackson cite Leia as the successor of earlier science fiction heroines Wilma Deering of \\\"Buck Rogers\\\" and Dale Arden of \\\"Flash Gordon\\\", and the embodiment of \\\"a new stage in the ongoing presentation of the fairy-tale princess in jeopardy\\\". Writing that \\\"after Leia, no longer would princesses be passive and salvaged simply with a kiss,\\\" they note the reflection of the character in later Disney Princess animated films and in woman warriors such as Ellen Ripley from the \\\"Alien\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612854\",\n \"text\": \"of her head. Miss Piggy of \\\"The Muppet Show\\\" copied the hairdo in a \\\"Star Wars\\\"-themed episode of the series in February 1980. In the 1987 Mel Brooks comedy film \\\"Spaceballs\\\", Princess Vespa (Daphne Zuniga) appears to have the hairstyle, which is soon revealed to in fact be a large pair of headphones. In the parody film \\\"Thumb Wars\\\", the role of Leia was filled by a character named Princess Bunhead, who has two cinnamon rolls for hair. In 2015, Fisher's daughter Billie Lourd's character in the horror-comedy TV series \\\"Scream Queens\\\", a rich and disaffected sorority girl known as\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19307212\",\n \"text\": \"ships piloted by other Alderaanians arrive to join Leia, they are outnumbered by the Imperial forces. The Imperials, however, plan on destroying all the Alderaan ships, and a space battle ensues, though without the help of the Alder-Espirions Leia knows the Imperials will win. However, after being convinced by Evaan, Leia gives a speech promoting Alderaanian values to all the ships, and the battle is turned when the Alder-Espirions join the fight, having viewed Leia's speech thanks to R2. The battle won, Leia leaves to help the Rebellion again, telling Evaan to have the Alderaanians elect a new princess and\",\n \"title\": \"Star Wars: Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612823\",\n \"text\": \"her flagship, the \\\"Raddus\\\", who are expelled into space when the ship is attacked by the First Order. Leia uses the Force to pull herself back to the ship. After recovering, she shoots and stuns Poe Dameron, who has mutinied against her successor, Vice Admiral Holdo. From his solitude on Ahch-To, Luke projects himself through the Force to the Resistance stronghold on Crait and reunites with Leia, apologizing for what happened to Ben. Leia replies that she knows her son is gone, but Luke reassures her that \\\"no one's ever really gone\\\". While Luke distracts Kylo and his attacking First\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612812\",\n \"text\": \"of a space slug, they finally share a kiss. With his ship needing repairs, Han seeks out his old friend Lando Calrissian in Cloud City, the floating city over Bespin. Though he welcomes them graciously, Lando soon turns them over to a newly arrived Darth Vader, who hopes to use them as bait to capture Luke. Leia confesses her love for Han as he is frozen in carbonite and then handed over to bounty hunter Boba Fett, who is charged with bringing him to the crime lord Jabba the Hutt. Lando helps Leia, Chewbacca and the two droids escape. Leia\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612801\",\n \"text\": \"with the smuggler, Han Solo. In \\\"Return of the Jedi\\\" (1983), Leia leads the operation to rescue Han from the crime lord Jabba the Hutt, and is revealed to be Vader's daughter and the twin sister of Luke Skywalker. The prequel film \\\"\\\" (2005) establishes that the twins' mother is Senator (and former queen) Padmé Amidala of Naboo, who dies after childbirth. Leia is adopted by Senator Bail and Queen Breha Organa of Alderaan. In \\\"\\\" (2015) and \\\"\\\" (2017), Leia is the founder and General of the Resistance against the First Order. She and Han have a son named\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612845\",\n \"text\": \"and Allana, but become caught up in a Corellian conspiracy. They are almost killed when the \\\"Millennium Falcon\\\" is attacked by a Star Destroyer controlled by an increasingly powerful Jacen—who knows that his parents are on board. With Han injured, Leia and Lando further investigate the Corellians in Aaron Allston's \\\"Exile\\\" (2007), but Alema reappears to exact her vengeance on Leia. \\\"Sacrifice\\\" (2007) by Karen Traviss finds Leia and Han on the run, hunted by Jacen as traitors to the Galactic Alliance. He kills Luke's wife Mara Jade as his final sacrifice to become Darth Caedus, the new ruler of\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612819\",\n \"text\": \"a First Order attack searching for the Resistance astromech droid BB-8, Leia is reunited with Han, who has helped the renegade stormtrooper Finn and orphaned scavenger Rey bring the droid this far. Han and Leia have been estranged for many years; their marriage fell apart after their son, Ben Solo, fell to the dark side and became the First Order commander Kylo Ren. Leia believes Ben can still be brought back to the light side. Han volunteers for a mission to infiltrate the First Order's Starkiller Base to disable its defensive shields. Confronting Ren, Han tries to convince his son\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612814\",\n \"text\": \"be fed to the Sarlacc. Lando (disguised as a guard) helps them overpower their captors, and Leia seizes the moment to strangle Jabba with her chain. Luke and Leia swing to safety, blowing up Jabba's barge behind them. Later, the heroes go to the forest moon of Endor to prepare for a battle with the Empire. There, Luke reveals to Leia that she is his twin sister and that Vader is their father. Leia joins Han in leading the Rebels in battle with Imperial troops as the Rebel Fleet attacks the second Death Star. Leia is slightly injured, but the\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612862\",\n \"text\": \"with my tits bouncing around. So I wasn't threatening to women\\\", adding \\\"I \\\"like\\\" Princess Leia. I like how she was feisty. I like how she killed Jabba the Hutt\\\". Leia's slave costume when she is held captive by Jabba the Hutt at the beginning of \\\"Return of the Jedi\\\"—made of brass and dubbed Leia's \\\"Metal Bikini\\\" or \\\"Gold Bikini\\\"—immediately made the character (and Fisher) a \\\"generational sex symbol\\\" celebrated by pin-up posters, and later merchandising and cosplay. The outfit has gained a cult following of its own. Rosenberg noted that \\\"the costume has become culturally iconic in a way\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612837\",\n \"text\": \"carbonate by Zorba. \\\"Mission from Mount Yoda\\\" (1993) finds Ken's father Triclops alive and willing to join the Rebels against the Empire. Leia, now engaged to Han, is captured by Zorba in \\\"Queen of the Empire\\\" (1993). Trioculus is revived and seizes Leia before Zorba can kill her. Leia is rescued and replaced with a lookalike droid decoy, which kills Trioculus. In \\\"Prophets of the Dark Side\\\" (1993), Leia looks forward to her wedding to Han and has a vision of their two children. Matthew Stover's 2008 standalone novel \\\"Luke Skywalker and the Shadows of Mindor\\\" picks up the story\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612815\",\n \"text\": \"Rebels, with help from the Ewoks, ultimately defeat the forces of the Empire, with the Death Star destroyed once more. Fisher told \\\"Rolling Stone\\\" in 1983, \\\"In \\\"Return of the Jedi\\\", [Leia] gets to be more feminine, more supportive, more affectionate. But let's not forget that these movies are basically boys' fantasies. So the other way they made her more female in this one was to have her take off her clothes.\\\" Rosenberg writes of Han and Leia: In the film, Leia says that she has vague memories of her real mother, who she describes as \\\"kind... but sad\\\". Bouzereau\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612832\",\n \"text\": \"In \\\"Heir to the Empire\\\" (1991), Leia is married to Han and three months pregnant with twins. Noghri commandos repeatedly attempt to kidnap her as part of Grand Admiral Thrawn's plan to restore the Empire and crush the New Republic. In \\\"Dark Force Rising\\\" (1992), Leia realizes that Darth Vader and the Empire deceived the Noghri to secure their allegiance, and by revealing the truth she turns the alien race to the side of the New Republic. In \\\"The Last Command\\\" (1993), Leia gives birth to the twins Jaina and Jacen on Coruscant during Thrawn's siege. Leia, now the Chief\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6552077\",\n \"text\": \"The One with the Princess Leia Fantasy \\\"The One with the Princess Leia Fantasy\\\" is the season premiere of the third season of the American and the 49th episode overall of television situation comedy \\\"Friends\\\", which was broadcast on NBC on September 19, 1996. The plot has Ross (David Schwimmer) tell girlfriend Rachel (Jennifer Aniston) the titular fantasy. In subplots, Monica (Courteney Cox) tries to get over her break-up with Richard, while Joey (Matt LeBlanc) has to cope with Chandler's (Matthew Perry) annoying girlfriend Janice being around. The episode was directed by Gail Mancuso, written by Michael Curtis and Gregory\",\n \"title\": \"The One with the Princess Leia Fantasy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19307211\",\n \"text\": \"determined to find out who in their group leaked their location to the Empire. Jora identifies Tace as the traitor, though Leia soon realizes that she was unaware of Tula's alliance with the Empire. Leia tasks Tace to question Tula, who is taken into custody when the Imperials realizes that she has been exposed. Meanwhile, reunification talks with Alderaanians on Espirion are ruined when Jora reacts with disgust at the interbreeding of Alderaanians with the alien natives. Leia arranges with the Imperial commander to exchange herself for Tula. Evaan rescues Leia as part of a planned double-cross, and though countless\",\n \"title\": \"Star Wars: Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612818\",\n \"text\": \"in the story for her, so there's not much goofing around where Leia's concerned.\\\" Asked how Leia is handling things in the film, Fisher said, \\\"Not easily ... [she is] solitary. Under a lot of pressure. Committed as ever to her cause, but I would imagine feeling somewhat defeated, tired, and pissed.\\\" In the film, Leia is the leader of the Resistance, a group formed by the New Republic to fight a proxy war with the First Order (a group formed by the remnants of the Empire) and trying to find Luke, who disappeared years earlier. When her forces foil\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612843\",\n \"text\": \"a pregnant woman, whom Luke learns is his and Leia's biological mother, Padmé Amidala. Anakin and Padmé are discussing a dream of Anakin's in which Padmé dies in childbirth; later, Luke and Leia watch a clip in which Padmé is talking to Obi-Wan Kenobi about Anakin. Tenel Ka, Queen Mother of the Hapes Consortium, has a daughter, Allana, secretly fathered by Jacen. In \\\"The Swarm War\\\" (2005), Luke and Leia view holoclips of their mother's death, and Leia is promoted to Jedi Knight. The bestselling \\\"Legacy of the Force\\\" series (2006–08) chronicles the crossover of Han and Leia's son Jacen\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612849\",\n \"text\": \"plan to restore the Empire. A captive Leia, resisting Palpatine's attempts to turn her as well, escapes with an artifact he needs to secure his power, the Jedi Holocron. Luke pursues her, and Leia manages to turn him back. Brother and sister then fight Palpatine with the light side of the Force, turning his own Force-generated storm against him and destroying Palpatine and his Star Destroyer. In \\\"Dark Empire II\\\" (1994–95), Leia gives birth to a third child by Han, whom she names Anakin. Palpatine is reborn in an inferior, rapidly deteriorating clone body in \\\"Empire's End\\\" (1995), and seeks\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612846\",\n \"text\": \"the Sith. In \\\"Inferno\\\" (2007) by Troy Denning, Han and Leia are faced with the reality that their son, now Joint Chief of State, is the enemy. Leia attempts unsuccessfully to manipulate Jacen in Aaron Allston's \\\"Fury\\\" (2007) so that the Jedi can both thwart him and neutralize Alema. Finally, in \\\"Invincible\\\" (2008) by Troy Denning, Jaina kills Jacen in lightsaber duel. At Tenel Ka's request, Leia and Han adopt Allana, disguised with the name \\\"Amelia\\\" to protect her from any future vengeance against Cadeus or the Hapes Consortium. Multiple novels in the series made the \\\"New York Times\\\" Best\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612842\",\n \"text\": \"son Anakin is later killed during a mission to prevent more Voxyn from being cloned. The Vong are finally defeated in \\\"The Unifying Force\\\" (2003) by James Luceno. In Denning's The \\\"Dark Nest\\\" trilogy (2005), Leia, Han and several Jedi become involved in an escalating border dispute between the Chiss and the insidious insectoid Killiks, and Leia makes a bitter enemy in the Twi'lek warrior Alema Rar. In \\\"The Joiner King\\\" (2005), Leia asks Saba Sebatyne to train her as a Jedi Knight. R2-D2 malfunctions in \\\"The Unseen Queen\\\" (2005) and shows Luke a holoclip of his father Anakin and\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612811\",\n \"text\": \"film was because I was unconscious and the Wookiee would have had to carry me for, like, the next fifteen minutes.\\\" In \\\"The Empire Strikes Back\\\" (1980), Leia is at the Rebel base on Hoth. She leads its evacuation during an Imperial attack, and then flees with Han, Chewbacca and C-3PO on Han's ship, the \\\"Millennium Falcon\\\". They dodge pursuing Imperial TIE fighters by flying into an asteroid field when the \\\"Falcon\\\" hyperdrive breaks down, with Leia piloting the ship at one point. Romance blossoms between Leia and Han during their flight from the Empire; while hiding in the stomach\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612809\",\n \"text\": \"Skywalker and Han Solo, and they escape aboard Han's ship, the \\\"Millennium Falcon\\\". After analyzing the Death Star's schematics, the Rebels find a tiny weakness in the battle station, which Luke uses to destroy it in his X-wing fighter. In the aftermath of the victory, Leia bestows medals on the heroes at the hidden Rebel base on Yavin 4. Alyssa Rosenberg of \\\"The Washington Post\\\" writes of Leia in the film: Rosenberg also notes that, though Han is almost immediately attracted to Leia, they conflict because she insists on asserting command and he automatically resists, even as she proves herself\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612835\",\n \"text\": \"other. Leia appears periodically in the \\\"Young Jedi Knights\\\" series (1995–98) by Kevin J. Anderson and Rebecca Moesta. The 14-volume young adult fiction series covers the Jedi training of Jacen and Jaina. In \\\"The Truce at Bakura\\\" (1993) by Kathy Tyers, set one day after the ending of \\\"Return of the Jedi\\\", Leia establishes New Alderaan, a sanctuary for the destroyed planet's surviving inhabitants. The spirit of Anakin Skywalker appears to Leia and pleads for her forgiveness, but she angrily banishes him. The six-volume \\\"Jedi Prince\\\" series (1992–93) by Paul Davids and Hollace Davids, later contradicted by other novels, is\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20686816\",\n \"text\": \"the blessing of Breha and Mon, who cannot disrupt their own schedules for fear of inviting suspicion, Leia moves to warn the rebels. Commandeering a ship chartered by Amilyn, Leia heads for Pamarthe to hide her true destination. Calling in her favor from the Chalhudden leader, Leia books passage from Pamarthe to the shipyard. She and Amilyn are able to warn Bail, who evacuates the ships and initiates the self-destruct protocol for the repair facilities. Kier arrives, having followed Leia, and his ship is damaged by an explosion before Leia can warn him. She finds Kier dying, and learns that\",\n \"title\": \"Star Wars: Leia, Princess of Alderaan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612813\",\n \"text\": \"senses that Luke is in trouble, and goes back to save him after he is nearly killed during a lightsaber duel and confrontation with Vader. Rosenberg notes: In \\\"Return of the Jedi\\\" (1983), Leia infiltrates Jabba the Hutt's palace on Tatooine disguised as the Ubese bounty hunter Boushh, and brings a captive Chewbacca with her as part of the ruse. She frees Han from the carbonite, but they are recaptured by Jabba. Leia is now chained to Jabba as his slave, outfitted in a metal bikini. After Luke arrives and kills Jabba's Rancor, Jabba sentences Luke, Han and Chewbacca to\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7155987\",\n \"text\": \"who from aboard the \\\"Mon Remonda\\\" has been prosecuting the search for this hidden fastness, wearily returns to the recently captured Coruscant expecting an end to the long separation between him and his beloved, Princess Leia, head of the New Republic. To his great surprise, when his vessel drops out of hyperspace and into the Coruscant system, what appears are a number of fearsome Imperial Star Destroyers, Hapan Battle Dragons, and Hapes Nova Class battle cruiser. Eventually, Han learns that the Hapes cluster had sent a delegation of some manner to the New Republic. He lands and enters the Imperial\",\n \"title\": \"The Courtship of Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612858\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Leia wasn't just the first great heroine of science fiction and fantasy to capture my imagination. She was one of the first characters I encountered whose power came from her political conviction and acumen.\\\" In her 2007 article \\\"Feminism and the Force: Empowerment and Disillusionment in a Galaxy Far, Far Away\\\", Diana Dominguez cited Leia as a welcome change from the previous portrayals of women in film and TV. She wrote: Rosenberg writes that, though at first Luke is an apolitical innocent in search of adventure and Han is a detached opportunist in search of money, both are \\\"influenced by\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612841\",\n \"text\": \"and on the heels of her warnings before the Senate, the alien Yuuzhan Vong invade the galaxy. They destroy system after system and defeat both the Jedi and the New Republic forces in countless battles. Chewbacca dies in \\\"Vector Prime\\\" (1999) by R.A. Salvatore, which sends Han into a deep depression that causes a rift between him and Leia. They reunite after Leia is gravely wounded at the Battle of Duro in Kathy Tyers' \\\"Balance Point\\\" (2000). She is targeted by a deadly Voxyn slayer in Troy Dennings' \\\"Star By Star\\\" (2001), and though she manages to evade death, her\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612833\",\n \"text\": \"of State of the New Republic, is a minor character in the \\\"Jedi Academy\\\" trilogy (1994) by Kevin J. Anderson, set after the \\\"Thrawn\\\" trilogy. Next in the timeline is the \\\"Callista\\\" trilogy: \\\"Children of the Jedi\\\" (1995) by Barbara Hambly, \\\"Darksaber\\\" (1995) by Anderson and \\\"Planet of Twilight\\\" (1997) by Hambly. In \\\"The Crystal Star\\\" (1994) by Vonda McIntyre, young Jacen, Jaina and their three-year-old brother Anakin are kidnapped in a plot to restore the Empire, but are rescued by Leia and Chewbacca. Leia struggles with the responsibilities of her position in \\\"The Black Fleet Crisis\\\" trilogy (1996) by\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612816\",\n \"text\": \"quoted Lucas in 1997: In the prequel film \\\"\\\" (2005), Padmé Amidala is pregnant with Anakin Skywalker's twins near the end of the Clone Wars. After Anakin turns to the dark side of the Force and becomes Darth Vader, Padmé gives birth to Luke and Leia on Polis Massa and then dies. Leia is adopted by Senator Bail Organa and his wife Queen Breha of Alderaan. Film critic Peter Travers of \\\"Rolling Stone\\\" wrote, \\\"As we watch Anakin nearly melt in the lava, only to be put together, Frankenstein style, in a lab while Lucas intercuts scenes of Padme giving\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612863\",\n \"text\": \"that has slipped loose from the context of the scenes in which Leia wore it and the things she does after she is forced into the outfit.\\\" Philip Chien of the website \\\"Wired\\\" wrote in 2006, \\\"There's no doubt that the sight of Carrie Fisher in the gold sci-fi swimsuit was burned into the sweaty subconscious of a generation of fanboys hitting puberty in the spring of 1983.\\\" Acknowledging the opinion of some that the \\\"Slave Leia\\\" iconography tarnishes the character's position as \\\"feminist hero\\\", Rosenberg argues: Science fiction filmmaker Letia Clouston concurs, saying \\\"Sci-fi has had a long history\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612836\",\n \"text\": \"set within a year after \\\"Return of the Jedi\\\". In \\\"The Glove of Darth Vader\\\" (1992), the self-proclaimed son of the defeated Emperor Palpatine, Trioculus, seeks the titular glove to cement himself as the new Emperor. Entranced by Leia's beauty in \\\"The Lost City of the Jedi\\\" (1992), Trioculus vows to make her his queen. He captures her in \\\"Zorba the Hutt's Revenge\\\" (1992), but Jabba the Hutt's vengeful father, Zorba, offers to trade his own prisoner Ken—Palpatine's real grandson whom Trioculus has been seeking—for Leia, his son's killer. But Leia and Ken are rescued and Trioculus is frozen in\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612808\",\n \"text\": \"blueprints for the Death Star, the Empire's moon-sized battle station, inside the astromech droid R2-D2 and has sent it to find one of the last remaining Jedi, Obi-Wan Kenobi, on the nearby planet of Tatooine. Vader arrests Leia and has her tortured, but she resists revealing anything. Death Star commander Grand Moff Tarkin threatens to destroy her home planet Alderaan with the Death Star unless she reveals the location of the hidden Rebel base. She provides the location of an old, abandoned base on the planet Dantooine, but Tarkin orders Alderaan to be destroyed anyway. Leia is rescued by Luke\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612834\",\n \"text\": \"Michael P. Kube-McDowell. In \\\"The New Rebellion\\\" (1996) by Kristine Kathryn Rusch, she avoids an assassination attempt and then aids in the defeat of the Dark Jedi Kueller, whom she shoots to death. The \\\"Corellian\\\" trilogy (1995) by Roger MacBride Allen finds Han and Leia swept up in a civil war while visiting his homeworld of Corellia with their children. In the two \\\"Hand of Thrawn\\\" novels by Timothy Zahn (1997's \\\"Specter of the Past\\\" and 1998's \\\"Vision of the Future\\\"), Leia tries to hold the New Republic together as Moff Disra conspires for its volatile factions to destroy each\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612810\",\n \"text\": \"to be worthy of it. And despite her initial disdain for the smuggler, whom she sees as selfish, Leia later acknowledges \\\"I knew there was more to you than money\\\" when Han comes through for the Rebellion. Fisher told \\\"Rolling Stone\\\" in 1980 that in the original script, when Luke and Han come to rescue a captured Leia, \\\"I was hanging upside down with yellow eyes, like in \\\"The Exorcist\\\" ... Some form of radar torture was done to me and I was in a beam, bruised and beaten up, suspended in midair. The reason it was cut from the\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19307209\",\n \"text\": \"remaining Alderaanians. X-wing fighter pilots Luke Skywalker and Wedge Antilles pursue them, but the trio escape to Naboo. On Naboo, Leia meets with an old acquaintance, Lord Junn, to find the location of the Musical Order, a group of Alderaanian musicians. The Order have a cloister vow to only interact with other Alderaanians in order to keep their musical culturally pure, and their leader Pareece has kept the knowledge of Alderaan's destruction from them. Leia and Evaan soon find that they have been led into a trap, but Pareece saves their lives. Confronting Junn for his betrayal, Leia takes a\",\n \"title\": \"Star Wars: Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7155988\",\n \"text\": \"Palace, where, with the help of C-3PO, who translates and comments on the formal diplomatic reception, he watches the Hapes delegation present to Leia a number of stunning gifts: the dozen Star Destroyers Han had seen, a Hapan gun of command, a small plant resembling a bonsai which promotes longevity and intelligence, and the hand of the Hapes cluster's ruler Ta'a Chume's son, Prince Isolder, in holy matrimony. The effect is devastating; Leia nearly accepts, driving Han into a frenzy of fear and jealousy. Han eventually wanders into a cantina in the lower reaches of Coruscant, where he participates in\",\n \"title\": \"The Courtship of Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20686814\",\n \"text\": \"from the proud, frog-like Chalhuddens, Leia negotiates their acceptance of her aid in exchange for a favor to be owed her in the future. She begins gathering information about planetary abuses and brings it to Senator Mon Mothma of Chandrila, whom she hopes can publicize it. Mon, however, instructs Leia that the effort is futile. Leia is further enraged when the Empire uses an assignment issued to the Junior Legislature to seize control of a planet for industrial development. The imperious Grand Moff Tarkin seems to suspect that Bail and Breha are somehow involved in the recent turmoil. As Leia\",\n \"title\": \"Star Wars: Leia, Princess of Alderaan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612805\",\n \"text\": \"Jodie Foster also up for the role. In 2014, InkTank reported that the extended list of \\\"more than two dozen actresses\\\" who had auditioned for Leia included Glenn Close, Farrah Fawcett, Jessica Lange, Sissy Spacek, Sigourney Weaver, Cybill Shepherd, Jane Seymour, Anjelica Huston, Kim Basinger, Kathleen Turner, Geena Davis and Meryl Streep. Asked about Streep in 2015, Fisher said, \\\"I've never heard that one. But Jodie Foster was up for it... that one I knew the most. Amy Irving and Jodie. And I got it.\\\" The second draft of the \\\"Return of the Jedi\\\" screenplay contained dialogue in which Obi-Wan\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6552078\",\n \"text\": \"S. Malins and guest stars Maggie Wheeler as Janice and Elliott Gould and Christina Pickles in cameos as Jack and Judy Geller. Monica tries to get over her breakup with Richard but she hasn't slept for three days. Phoebe (Lisa Kudrow) tries to help her relax, but with minimal success. After she breaks down in tears at the post office her father comes to comfort her. At Rachel's request, Ross tells her one of his sexual fantasies: the scene from \\\"Return of the Jedi\\\", where Princess Leia is in the gold bikini. He then gets upset when he finds out\",\n \"title\": \"The One with the Princess Leia Fantasy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20686813\",\n \"text\": \"Crait, and Bail's revelation that he and Breha are part of a secret cabal working against the interests of the Empire. On another humanitarian mission to Naboo, Leia and Dalné, the Queen of Naboo, are almost killed when Moff Quarsh Panaka is assassinated with a bomb. Leia learns that her parents' ally Saw Gerrera, the leader of an extremist rebel cell called the Partisans, was responsible for the attack. Though Bail and Breha forbid her involvement in the conspiracy for her own safety, Leia continues her humanitarian missions to worlds they believe are safe. When she is faced with resistance\",\n \"title\": \"Star Wars: Leia, Princess of Alderaan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612855\",\n \"text\": \"Chanel No. 3, wears earmuffs in every scene as an homage to Fisher's iconic Leia hairstyle. Lourd also has a cameo in \\\"The Force Awakens\\\" (2015) in which she wears Leia's distinctive hair buns. Asked about his inspiration for the hairstyle, George Lucas told \\\"Time\\\" in 2008, \\\"In the 1977 film, I was working very hard to create something different that wasn't fashion, so I went with a kind of Southwestern Pancho Villa woman revolutionary look, which is what that is. The buns are basically from turn-of-the-century Mexico.\\\" However, in 2015 Linda Rodriguez McRobbie of \\\"Mental Floss\\\" recounted research suggesting\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612844\",\n \"text\": \"to the dark side of the Force while the Jedi, Solos and Skywalkers fight against his growing power. In \\\"Betrayal\\\" (2006) by Aaron Allston, Jacen turns to the dark side, believing that it is the only way to save the galaxy from the chaos brewing among the member systems of the Galactic Alliance. Jacen realizes in \\\"Bloodlines\\\" (2006) by Karen Traviss that the Sith discipline will require him to kill one of his loved ones, which he decides is an acceptable sacrifice to save the galaxy. In Troy Denning's \\\"Tempest\\\" (2006), Han and Leia thwart the assassination of Tenel Ka\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19307215\",\n \"text\": \"the issue a 7 out of 10, praising the characterization but the scene where Leia and Luke interact as well as Terry Dodson's art, which Schedeen felt failed to distinguish between the two leads and lacked \\\"clarity\\\" in faces. Comic Book Resources' Doug Zawisza praised the issue. Schedeen gave the third issue a 7.9 out of 10, continuing to praise the characterization and the increasing-endearingness of Evaan. Calling the issue more action-orientated, Schedeen felt this helped offset the book's visual problems. However, Schedeen felt the refugees' turn from distrusting to supporting Leia was sudden and poorly done. Maltby rated the\",\n \"title\": \"Star Wars: Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19307210\",\n \"text\": \"ship instead of his life, and flees with the Order in tow. However, a member of the Order named Tace contacts her sister Tula, unaware that Tula has joined the Empire. Leia, Evaan and R2 search Sullust for a group of Alderaanians hiding in one of the planet's cave systems. Led by Jora Astane, these survivors have forsworn Alderaanian culture and are wary of Leia's party, especially when they intercept transmissions from an Imperial ship arriving in orbit on Leia's trail. R2 turns the native wildlife on the invading Imperials, and Jora agrees to serve Leia. She and Evaan are\",\n \"title\": \"Star Wars: Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612847\",\n \"text\": \"Seller list. The nine-volume \\\"Fate of the Jedi\\\" series (2009–12) by Aaron Allston, Troy Denning and Christie Golden finds Han and Leia become caught up in the intensifying conflict between the Galactic Alliance and the Jedi. In the wake of Darth Cadeus' death, the now-peaceful Galactic Alliance harbors a growing mistrust toward the Jedi, and the situation is worsened by a Force-induced psychosis that begins afflicting individual Jedi, sending them on violent rampages. In \\\"Millennium Falcon\\\" (2008) by James Luceno, set between \\\"Legacy of the Force\\\" and \\\"Fate of the Jedi\\\", a mysterious device hidden inside the eponymous spacecraft sends\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20686812\",\n \"text\": \"Wobani, a world whose people have been impoverished by the abusive governing of Emperor Palpatine's Galactic Empire. She outwits the Imperial supervisor and finds a legal way to liberate a group of refugees from the planet, and after departing witnesses the aftermath of an attack on Calderos Station, an Imperial waypoint. Leia takes a pathfinding class with other junior legislators, who include Amilyn Holdo of Gatalenta, and the other Alderaanian Apprentice Legislator, Kier Domadi. Leia realizes that the Empire has covered up the rebellious attack, and her research into possible perpetrators leads to her discovery of a hidden base on\",\n \"title\": \"Star Wars: Leia, Princess of Alderaan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7155989\",\n \"text\": \"a high-stakes sabacc game. One of his opponents runs out of liquid financial instruments and instead proffers real estate: a deed to an entire habitable planet, Dathomir. Han thinks he has found a gift which would prove his worthiness to Leia and compare favorably with the gifts of Isolder (and provide a place to resettle the expatriates of Alderaan). When Leia examines his gift and points out that he has been conned (since Dathomir was in the section of the galaxy controlled by Zsinj), Han is further devastated. Isolder compounds insult with injury by denigrating the \\\"Millennium Falcon\\\" and offering\",\n \"title\": \"The Courtship of Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"612859\",\n \"text\": \"Leia's passion [and] take their places as full participants in the Rebellion\\\". She notes, \\\"Everyone else eventually comes around to Leia's view of the world.\\\" Leia herself, singularly dedicated to her political movement against the Empire, \\\"finds a partner in Han, acknowledging that personal happiness can help her sustain her commitment to building a better galactic order\\\". Rosenberg cites \\\"Leia's willingness to see the best in him, and Han's desire to live up to her belief in him\\\" as a foundation of their relationship, also pointing out his attempts to make her recognize that she has needs like anyone else\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20686815\",\n \"text\": \"becomes closer to Kier and entrusts him with details of her parents secret work, they are horrified by the punishment inflicted upon a planet whose leaders had committed similar treason against the Empire. Leia discovers a hidden shipyard where old and stolen starships of varying types are being refurbished for use by the conspirators. Tarkin meets with her on a pretext, but she knows he is probing for information on a possible conspiracy, thinking she is vulnerable to his manipulation. Leia passes the test but learns that the Empire is aware of the location of the nascent rebel fleet. With\",\n \"title\": \"Star Wars: Leia, Princess of Alderaan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7155990\",\n \"text\": \"Han a Nova battle cruiser if he abandons his quest to win Leia's heart. Han snaps. He abducts Leia using the Gun of Command, and flees with her and Chewbacca aboard his recently refitted \\\"Millennium Falcon\\\" to Dathomir. Prince Isolder pursues him with his Hapan fleet. He arrives at Dathomir shortly after Han despite Han's headstart, as Isolder is aided by the Jedi Master Luke Skywalker who uses his Force powers to navigate a shorter (but still safe) path through hyperspace, shaving time off accepted conventional routes. There they both discovered that Zsinj had truly laid claim to Dathomir—in orbit\",\n \"title\": \"The Courtship of Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18597864\",\n \"text\": \"able to be seen by multiple viewers at once, and not requiring CPU-intensive eye tracking. The company foresaw uses of its technology in mobile devices, automobiles, and medical applications. In May 2016, Leia announced a partnership with Altice to market a smartphone featuring its technology. In 2017, Red Digital Cinema announced its intent to produce a high-end smartphone featuring the technology (the Red Hydrogen One). As part of its development, Red entered into a strategic partnership with Leia, including funding, and Red's founder Jim Jannard joining Leia's board of directors. Leia (company) Leia Inc. is a Menlo Park-based startup company\",\n \"title\": \"Leia (company)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18597863\",\n \"text\": \"Leia (company) Leia Inc. is a Menlo Park-based startup company developing display technology that uses nanostructures to diffract a backlight directionally into a light field, which can be used to generate \\\"holographic\\\" effects. Leia is headquartered in Menlo Park, California, with a nanofabrication center in Palo Alto and industrialization center in Suzhou, China. The company was founded in 2014 as a spin-off from HP Labs. Its research into the holographic display concept under HP was published by \\\"Nature\\\" in 2013. CEO David Fattal explained that its diffraction system would address shortcomings with other mobile 3D display systems, such as being\",\n \"title\": \"Leia (company)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7155994\",\n \"text\": \"allows the \\\"Iron Fist\\\" to acquire the \\\"Falcon\\\" with a tractor beam; once it is within the deflector shields, he breaks it free of the beam lock, piloting his vessel over the superstructure of the gigantic vessel. Arriving upon the main bridge, he launches two concussion missiles, destroying the bridge, killing Zsinj, and knocking out the ventral shields. With \\\"Iron Fist\\\" so exposed, the Hapan Battle Dragons move into position with their ion cannons, disabling \\\"Iron Fist\\\". Defeated, Zsinj's empire soon crumbles. Shortly thereafter, Solo and Leia marry, having realized during their intrepid journey together that they loved each other.\",\n \"title\": \"The Courtship of Princess Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11641548\",\n \"text\": \"Peter de Leia Peter de Leia, O.S.B. (died 16 July 1198), was Bishop of St David's from 1176 until his death. Before his appointment, he had been prior of the Cluniac house at Wenlock. De Leia was appointed by King Henry II of England as bishop, despite the preference of the cathedral chapter for Gerald de Barri, better known as Giraldus Cambrensis. Besides his rivalry with Gerald, de Leia had a stormy relationship with Rhys ap Gruffydd, Prince of Deheubarth, whose body he initially refused burial in 1197 on the grounds that he had earlier excommunicated the prince following a\",\n \"title\": \"Peter de Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15634140\",\n \"text\": \"a radio and television host, has been photographed wearing the costume. Actress/model Phoebe Price wore it at the San Diego Comic-Con International in 2010. Liana K, the Canadian co-host of \\\"Ed & Red's Night Party\\\" and a well-known cosplayer, appeared at 2008 Calgary Comic and Entertainment Expo dressed in Princess Leia's slave girl outfit. Comedian Amy Schumer wore a replica of Leia's slave outfit for the August 2015 cover of \\\"GQ\\\". Princess Leia's bikini Princess Leia's bikini (also known as Princess Leia's metal bikini) is an iconic costume worn by actress Carrie Fisher as Princess Leia in the 1983 \\\"Star\",\n \"title\": \"Princess Leia's bikini\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11641549\",\n \"text\": \"dispute over stolen horses. It was during his episcopacy that the construction of the present St David's Cathedral was begun, and it is there that the Lord Rhys was eventually buried, after the corpse had been subjected to a ritual scourging as posthumous penance for the prince's misdemeanours. Following the death of de Leia, the chapter was again refused permission to elect Gerald de Barri, and the see remained vacant for six years. Peter de Leia Peter de Leia, O.S.B. (died 16 July 1198), was Bishop of St David's from 1176 until his death. Before his appointment, he had been\",\n \"title\": \"Peter de Leia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8742306\",\n \"text\": \"two people trying to make the princess laugh to no avail. It comes to end when Cookie Monster, who was lurking behind them, ate both items, which the princess did think was funny. The Princess Who Never Smiled The Princess Who Never Smiled or The Unsmiling Tsarevna () is a Russian fairy tale collected by Alexander Afanasyev in \\\"Narodnye russkie skazki\\\". There was once a princess who never smiled or laughed. Her father promised that whoever made her smile could marry her, and many tried, but none succeeded. Across the town, an honest worker worked hard for his master. At\",\n \"title\": \"The Princess Who Never Smiled\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["star wars"],"string":"[\n \"star wars\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":391,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"where is the nascar hall of fame?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"5107492","text":"NASCAR Hall of Fame The NASCAR Hall of Fame honors drivers who have shown exceptional skill at NASCAR driving, all-time great crew chiefs and owners, broadcasters and other major contributors to competition within the sanctioning body. NASCAR committed to building a Hall of Fame and on March 6, 2006, the City of Charlotte was selected as the location. Ground was broken for the $160 million facility on January 26, 2007, and it officially opened on May 11, 2010, with the inaugural class inducted the day following the NASCAR Sprint All-Star Race XXVI. The new Hall of Fame brings hundreds of","title":"NASCAR Hall of Fame"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5107492\",\n \"text\": \"NASCAR Hall of Fame The NASCAR Hall of Fame honors drivers who have shown exceptional skill at NASCAR driving, all-time great crew chiefs and owners, broadcasters and other major contributors to competition within the sanctioning body. NASCAR committed to building a Hall of Fame and on March 6, 2006, the City of Charlotte was selected as the location. Ground was broken for the $160 million facility on January 26, 2007, and it officially opened on May 11, 2010, with the inaugural class inducted the day following the NASCAR Sprint All-Star Race XXVI. The new Hall of Fame brings hundreds of\",\n \"title\": \"NASCAR Hall of Fame\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"5107501","text":"total of 48 votes are cast by a voting committee consisting of the nominating committee and the following: A total of 50 individuals have been inducted into the NASCAR Hall of Fame. 35 were inducted as drivers, 24 of whom were inducted solely as drivers. The other 15 were inducted for their accomplishments as drivers, owners and/or broadcasters. Among non-drivers, seven were inducted for being owners, four as promoters, and three for being crew chiefs. NASCAR Hall of Fame The NASCAR Hall of Fame honors drivers who have shown exceptional skill at NASCAR driving, all-time great crew chiefs and owners,","title":"NASCAR Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"5107495","text":"Freed & Partners during construction. Engineering and fabrication of the stainless steel möbius that wraps around the structure was completed by Zahner, of Kansas City. Exhibition design is by Ralph Appelbaum Associates, and exhibition lighting by Technical Artistry. Tobin Starr + Partners is architect-of-record for exhibit and auditorium spaces. Jaros, Baum & Bolles (JB&B) was the mechanical, electrical and plumbing engineer. Site excavation and grading services started on May 21, 2007. The facility features a Hall of Fame and a 19-story office tower. The Nascar Hall of Fame is set on a 150,000 square feet surface. In June 2008, Nascar","title":"NASCAR Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"5107500","text":"the three-year rule is waived for drivers who compete in 30 or more years in NASCAR-sanctioned competition or turn 55 years of age. The rule applies to all NASCAR-sanctioned competitions; some drivers in the Hall of Fame did not participate in what is now the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series. Non-drivers must have been involved in the industry at least ten years. Some candidates with shorter careers will be considered if there were special circumstances. A 20-member nominating committee chooses nominees from those who are eligible. The committee consists of: After the nomination committee selects the list of candidates, a","title":"NASCAR Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"4098602","text":"of NASCAR, and is currently located in Lincoln, Alabama, adjacent to Talladega Superspeedway. To be nominated, the person must be retired from their specialty in motorsports for at least five years unless approved on special means (age or worthy of special early induction). They are voted on by a 150-member panel from the American auto racing media. Due to the opening of the NASCAR Hall of Fame, there was no class of 2010. International Motorsports Hall of Fame The International Motorsports Hall of Fame is a Hall of Fame dedicated to enshrining those who have contributed the most to the","title":"International Motorsports Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"8681172","text":"Georgia Sports Hall of Fame The Georgia Sports Hall of Fame is located in Macon, Georgia, USA. It is the largest state sports hall of fame in America at . The Hall of Fame houses over of exhibit space broken down into sections including Hall of Fame Inductees, High School, collegiate sports, Olympic, Paralympic, Professional Sports, and Great Moments in Georgia Sports History areas. Interactive exhibits in the museum include NASCAR simulators, basketball and football games, and computer programs. The Hall of Fame is owned by the state of Georgia and operated by the Georgia Sports Hall of Fame Authority.","title":"Georgia Sports Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"8681177","text":"shop, a 205-seat theater, a research center, staff offices and storage space. Georgia Sports Hall of Fame The Georgia Sports Hall of Fame is located in Macon, Georgia, USA. It is the largest state sports hall of fame in America at . The Hall of Fame houses over of exhibit space broken down into sections including Hall of Fame Inductees, High School, collegiate sports, Olympic, Paralympic, Professional Sports, and Great Moments in Georgia Sports History areas. Interactive exhibits in the museum include NASCAR simulators, basketball and football games, and computer programs. The Hall of Fame is owned by the state","title":"Georgia Sports Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"6478058","text":"Missouri Sports Hall of Fame The Missouri Sports Hall of Fame is located in Springfield, Missouri, United States. Founded by Springfield businessman John Q. Hammons in 1994, the Hall of Fame showcases over 4,000 items of sports memorabilia and exhibits related to Missouri amateur and professional athletics. The two-story, 32,000 square foot building also features a number of interactive presentations that allow visitors to experience auto racing in the NASCAR simulator, step into the batters box against a Major League Baseball pitcher, throw football passes, and much more. Adjacent to the Hall is the Legends Walk of Fame, a plaza-like","title":"Missouri Sports Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"11134741","text":"West Coast Stock Car Hall of Fame The West Coast Stock Car Hall Of Fame is a Hall of Fame for people associated with late-model stock car racing on the West Coast of the United States. Many NASCAR Grand National Division, West Series champions are inducted in the Hall of Fame. The Hall of Fame once had a physical location at Toyota Speedway at Irwindale, in Irwindale, California. Today, it is a digital hall of fame located online (Official website) and inductees are honored at an annual banquet, according to the official website. The hall of fame was created in","title":"West Coast Stock Car Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"6478060","text":"manner or businesses that have been strong supporters of athletics in Missouri have also been enshrined in the Hall. Missouri Sports Hall of Fame The Missouri Sports Hall of Fame is located in Springfield, Missouri, United States. Founded by Springfield businessman John Q. Hammons in 1994, the Hall of Fame showcases over 4,000 items of sports memorabilia and exhibits related to Missouri amateur and professional athletics. The two-story, 32,000 square foot building also features a number of interactive presentations that allow visitors to experience auto racing in the NASCAR simulator, step into the batters box against a Major League Baseball","title":"Missouri Sports Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"6329252","text":"Hall of Fame Racing Hall of Fame Racing was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series racing team principally owned by Jeff Moorad, Tom Garfinkel, and Tom Davin. The team was created as a joint venture between former Dallas Cowboys quarterbacks Roger Staubach, Troy Aikman and Bill Saunders. The team has closed following the 2009 season, with its best season coming with Tony Raines and Ron Fellows (for the road courses) behind the wheel of the No. 96 DLP Chevrolet, finishing 25th in owners points in 2007. Hall of Fame Racing was first rumored in 2003, but it took three years to","title":"Hall of Fame Racing"},{"psg_id":"4098601","text":"International Motorsports Hall of Fame The International Motorsports Hall of Fame is a Hall of Fame dedicated to enshrining those who have contributed the most to the sports of auto racing and motorized boat racing either as a driver, owner, developer or engineer. Although people of many nationalities have been inducted (including racing legends such as Juan Manuel Fangio, Stirling Moss, Ayrton Senna) the majority of inductees chosen are American drivers who competed in domestic series (particularly NASCAR). Only three non-Americans have been inducted since 2003. It was founded in 1990 by Bill France, Jr., the son of the founder","title":"International Motorsports Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"6329259","text":"David Gilliland in the 71 TRG Motorsports car. The team ended the season 31st in owners points, with only 1 top-5 finish. Following the 2009 season, Yates Racing merged with Richard Petty Motorsports and Front Row Motorsports, and the No. 96 team was shut down. The car owner points were transferred to Front Row for the 2010 season. Hall of Fame Racing Hall of Fame Racing was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series racing team principally owned by Jeff Moorad, Tom Garfinkel, and Tom Davin. The team was created as a joint venture between former Dallas Cowboys quarterbacks Roger Staubach, Troy","title":"Hall of Fame Racing"},{"psg_id":"7566245","text":"Volleyball Hall of Fame The International Volleyball Hall of Fame (IVHF) was founded to honor extraordinary players, coaches, officials, and leaders who have made significant contributions to the game of volleyball. The Hall of Fame is located in Holyoke, Massachusetts, where volleyball was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan at the local YMCA. In 1971 the Greater Holyoke Chamber of Commerce established a committee to campaign for the founding of the Volleyball Hall of Fame in Holyoke, Massachusetts. In 1978, the committee incorporated as Holyoke Volleyball Hall of Fame, Inc., a nonprofit corporation established for the purpose of planning,","title":"Volleyball Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"14562201","text":"Sport Hall of Fame Ottawa Sport Hall of Fame The Ottawa Sport Hall of Fame is a hall of fame dedicated to recognizing notable athletes and sports people who were born in or around Ottawa, Canada or had a sports career in Ottawa. The Hall of Fame is located in the Heritage Building of the Ottawa City Hall in downtown Ottawa. The Hall of Fame was opened in 1968 in the new Ottawa Civic Centre where it resided until 2006, when it moved to the new Corel Centre arena. In 2011, it was relocated to its new location in Ottawa","title":"Ottawa Sport Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"14562200","text":"Ottawa Sport Hall of Fame The Ottawa Sport Hall of Fame is a hall of fame dedicated to recognizing notable athletes and sports people who were born in or around Ottawa, Canada or had a sports career in Ottawa. The Hall of Fame is located in the Heritage Building of the Ottawa City Hall in downtown Ottawa. The Hall of Fame was opened in 1968 in the new Ottawa Civic Centre where it resided until 2006, when it moved to the new Corel Centre arena. In 2011, it was relocated to its new location in Ottawa City Hall. Source: Ottawa","title":"Ottawa Sport Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"8044397","text":"Polka Hall of Fame The National Cleveland-Style Polka Hall of Fame and Museum is a museum in Euclid, Ohio, United States. It traces the history of the Cleveland-style polka, from its Slovenian roots from the 19th century, through American factory and mining towns where it absorbed jazz and country expressions, to the post-war years when top ten polka hits got the nation on the dance floor. The Polka Hall of Fame holds an annual awards show on the Saturday after Thanksgiving. The show awards local and national polka groups and talents. The show is held in the Grand Ballroom of","title":"Polka Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"3678168","text":"base with three gold-plated stacks of chips. Poker Hall of Fame The Poker Hall of Fame is the hall of fame of professional poker in the United States. Founded in Las Vegas, it was created in 1979 by Benny Binion, the owner of the Horseshoe Casino, to preserve the names and legacies of the world's greatest poker players and to serve as a tourist attraction to his casino. Binion was known for the creative ways in which he marketed his casino. In 1949, he convinced Johnny Moss and Nick \"The Greek\" Dandolos to play high-stakes poker heads up where the","title":"Poker Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"15046560","text":"Oklahoma Hall of Fame The Oklahoma Hall of Fame was founded by the Oklahoma Memorial Association, a group founded in 1927 by Anna B. Korn with the purpose of establishing the hall of fame. In the 1970s, the Hefner Mansion was donated to the association to house the exhibits and busts or portraits of the inductees, and the organization changed its name to the Oklahoma Heritage Association in 1971. It then moved into the former Mid-Continent Life Insurance building in Oklahoma City in 2007 where it is now part of the Gaylord-Pickens Museum. To be eligible for induction, an individual","title":"Oklahoma Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"3678163","text":"Poker Hall of Fame The Poker Hall of Fame is the hall of fame of professional poker in the United States. Founded in Las Vegas, it was created in 1979 by Benny Binion, the owner of the Horseshoe Casino, to preserve the names and legacies of the world's greatest poker players and to serve as a tourist attraction to his casino. Binion was known for the creative ways in which he marketed his casino. In 1949, he convinced Johnny Moss and Nick \"The Greek\" Dandolos to play high-stakes poker heads up where the public could watch them. In 1970, he","title":"Poker Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"16169561","text":"fame are: Since re-opening in 2004, the following additional members have been inducted: Roller Derby Hall of Fame The Roller Derby Hall of Fame, also known as the National Roller Derby Hall of Fame, was founded in 1952, by the editors of the \"Roller Derby News\" paper. Johnny Rosasco and Josephine \"Ma\" Bogash were the first two skaters to be inducted into the Hall of Fame. The Hall of Fame was initially displayed at Madison Square Garden, where the home offices of the sport were located. Skaters could only be inducted after their retirement. However, four skaters were inducted and","title":"Roller Derby Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"5600513","text":"area, edited two skiing books, and developed one of the most extensive ski libraries in America. Following his death, his family donated his library to the National Ski Hall of Fame and Museum where it has become the nucleus for the Roland Palmedo Memorial Library. National Ski Hall of Fame The U.S. Ski and Snowboard Hall of Fame and Museum is located in Ishpeming, Michigan, the birthplace of organized skiing in the United States. Located in the state's Upper Peninsula, the building includes the hall of fame and museum, as well as a theater, library, gift shop, offices, and ample","title":"National Ski Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"1944531","text":"inductees receive a distinctive Gold Jacket and previous inductees nearly always wear theirs when participating at new inductee ceremonies. Previous induction ceremonies were held during the next day (Sunday from 1999–2005, Saturday in 2006), situated on the steps of the Hall of Fame building. Starting in 2002, the ceremony was moved to Fawcett Stadium (now Tom Benson Hall of Fame Stadium), where it was held from 1963 to 1965. Since 2007, the enshrinement ceremony has been held on the Saturday night. The Hall of Fame Game, the annual NFL preseason opener, is played in Tom Benson Hall of Fame Stadium","title":"Pro Football Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"4640639","text":"World Figure Skating Hall of Fame The World Figure Skating Hall of Fame serves as a repository for the sport of figure skating. The World Figure Skating Hall of Fame is where the greatest names in the history of the sport are honored. The World Figure Skating Museum and Hall of Fame is located in Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States. Skaters such as Dick Button, Katarina Witt, Midori Ito, Sonja Henie, Alexei Yagudin and Michelle Kwan have been honored in the Hall of Fame. * Indicates that they were inducted into the golden category, which considers contributions prior to WWII.<br>","title":"World Figure Skating Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"4640638","text":"World Figure Skating Hall of Fame The World Figure Skating Hall of Fame serves as a repository for the sport of figure skating. The World Figure Skating Hall of Fame is where the greatest names in the history of the sport are honored. The World Figure Skating Museum and Hall of Fame is located in Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States. Skaters such as Dick Button, Katarina Witt, Midori Ito, Sonja Henie, Alexei Yagudin and Michelle Kwan have been honored in the Hall of Fame. * Indicates that they were inducted into the golden category, which considers contributions prior to WWII.<br>","title":"World Figure Skating Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"2672303","text":"\"* denotes deceased\" There is also a wing of the Hall of Fame dedicated to reporters. Canadian Football Hall of Fame The Canadian Football Hall of Fame is a not-for-profit corporation, located in Hamilton, Ontario, that celebrates great achievements in Canadian football. It is maintained by the Canadian Football League (CFL). It includes displays about the CFL, Canadian university football and Canadian junior football history. The Hall previously had a main feature in the central portion of the museum where inducted members, each with a metal bust depicting their head, were displayed prior to the physical building being closed. There","title":"Canadian Football Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"16169558","text":"Roller Derby Hall of Fame The Roller Derby Hall of Fame, also known as the National Roller Derby Hall of Fame, was founded in 1952, by the editors of the \"Roller Derby News\" paper. Johnny Rosasco and Josephine \"Ma\" Bogash were the first two skaters to be inducted into the Hall of Fame. The Hall of Fame was initially displayed at Madison Square Garden, where the home offices of the sport were located. Skaters could only be inducted after their retirement. However, four skaters were inducted and then returned to skating: Ann Calvello, Annis Jensen, Ken Monte and Charlie O'Connell.","title":"Roller Derby Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"16423673","text":"WCF Hall of Fame The WCF Hall of Fame is an international curling Hall of Fame that was established by the World Curling Federation (WCF) in 2012. The induction is given as an honor that recognizes outstanding contributions to the sport of curling, and is awarded annually. Inductees are also awarded the World Curling Freytag Award, an award which predated the WCF Hall of Fame as the highest honor given by the WCF. Previous Freytag Award winners have been inducted into the WCF Hall of Fame. Inductees in the WCF Hall of Fame are curlers or builders of the sport","title":"WCF Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"11874583","text":"budget release \"Live at the Royal Albert Hall with the World Festival Orchestra\" released by Sony Music Custom Marketing Group in the United States. The concert is also available on DVD. All songs by Justin Hayward, except where noted. Hall of Fame (The Moody Blues album) Hall of Fame is a live album by the progressive rock band The Moody Blues. It was recorded at a concert performed at the Royal Albert Hall, which included backing by a live orchestra. The album was released on 8 August 2000. It is the second Moody Blues live album to feature a live","title":"Hall of Fame (The Moody Blues album)"},{"psg_id":"10782020","text":"United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame The United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame serves as a repository for the sport of figure skating. The United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame is where the greatest names in the history of the sport are honored. To be inducted into the Hall of Fame is considered the highest achievement an American figure skater can attain. The Hall of Fame was founded in 1976. It is located in the World Figure Skating Museum and Hall of Fame, in Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States. All of the 2011 inductees lost their lives","title":"United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"812717","text":"of Fame since 1986, was appointed curator. Morrison supervised the relocation of the Hall of Fame and its exhibits. The current curator is Phil Pritchard. The Hockey Hall of Fame is led by Lanny McDonald, Chairman of the Board, and Chief Executive Officer, Jeff Denommé. It is operated as a non-profit business called the \"Hockey Hall of Fame and Museum\" (HHFM), independent of the National Hockey League. The Hall of Fame was originally sponsored by the NHL and Hockey Canada and revenue is generated mainly through admissions. The Hockey Hall of Fame has 15 exhibit areas covering . Visitors can","title":"Hockey Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"8628284","text":"The Ring magazine Hall of Fame The Ring magazine was established in 1922. In 1954 the magazine established its own boxing Hall of Fame and inducted 155 members before it was abandoned after the 1987 inductions. Boxing inductions continue through the International Boxing Hall of Fame. 141 members of the old \"The Ring\" magazine Hall of Fame have been elected to the International Boxing Hall of Fame since 1989. The 14 members who have yet to be elected to the International Boxing Hall of Fame are listed below, with their year of induction into \"The Ring\" Boxing Hall of Fame:","title":"The Ring magazine Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"8044398","text":"the Marriott Hotel on Public Square in downtown Cleveland, Ohio, and later shown on cable channels. The museum is located in the historic old city hall of Euclid, Ohio. The building was renovated in 2000. Polka Hall of Fame The National Cleveland-Style Polka Hall of Fame and Museum is a museum in Euclid, Ohio, United States. It traces the history of the Cleveland-style polka, from its Slovenian roots from the 19th century, through American factory and mining towns where it absorbed jazz and country expressions, to the post-war years when top ten polka hits got the nation on the dance","title":"Polka Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"18253676","text":"The hall of fame paid approximately one third of the cost to cover the aesthetic portion of the bridge, including the hall of fame logo and football players. Hall of Fame Bridge The Hall of Fame Bridge is a through arch bridge over Interstate 77 (I-77) in the American city of Canton, Ohio. The bridge was dedicated on June 19, 2006, 6 years after the initial concept was imagined. The landmark bridge was built to complement the Pro Football Hall of Fame located just South of the bridge. The project was unveiled in May 2004 by Hall of Fame president,","title":"Hall of Fame Bridge"},{"psg_id":"812710","text":"Honoured members are inducted into the Hall of Fame in an annual ceremony held at the Hall of Fame building in November, which is followed by a special \"Hockey Hall of Fame Game\" between the Toronto Maple Leafs and a visiting team. As of 2016, 271 players (including four women), 105 builders and 16 on-ice officials have been inducted into the Hall of Fame. The Hall of Fame has been criticized for focusing mainly on players from the National Hockey League and largely ignoring players from other North American and international leagues. The Hockey Hall of Fame was established through","title":"Hockey Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"14773855","text":"a tribute to Arizona’s long and proud aviation history. Arizona AHOF recognizes its aviation industry leaders, pioneers in hot air ballooning of the 19th century, high-tech aerospace engineers and entrepreneurs, where these people of today who are a vital role in advanced aircraft and missile technology. Arizona Aviation Hall of Fame Arizona Aviation Hall of Fame (AAHOF) is located in the Pima Air & Space Museum, Tucson, Arizona which recognises Arizona's \"Excellence in Aviation\". The Aviation Hall of Fame exhibit is located in the honored \"Dorothy Finley Space Gallery\" on the Museum grounds. AAHOF provides to its visitors a presentation","title":"Arizona Aviation Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"5798192","text":"New Zealand Sports Hall of Fame The New Zealand Sports Hall of Fame is an organisation commemorating New Zealand's greatest sporting triumphs. It was inaugurated as part of the New Zealand sesquicentenary celebrations in 1990. Some 160 members have been inducted into the Hall of Fame since its inception representing a wide variety of sports. Inductions are held regularly every second year. Since 1999, it has been located in Dunedin, in the city's Railway Station building, where a museum is sited displaying mementos of New Zealand's sporting achievements. Prior to this time the Hall of Fame was based in Wellington.","title":"New Zealand Sports Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"8628285","text":"Modern Group Old-Timers Pioneers Non-Participant The Ring magazine Hall of Fame The Ring magazine was established in 1922. In 1954 the magazine established its own boxing Hall of Fame and inducted 155 members before it was abandoned after the 1987 inductions. Boxing inductions continue through the International Boxing Hall of Fame. 141 members of the old \"The Ring\" magazine Hall of Fame have been elected to the International Boxing Hall of Fame since 1989. The 14 members who have yet to be elected to the International Boxing Hall of Fame are listed below, with their year of induction into \"The","title":"The Ring magazine Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"812708","text":"Hockey Hall of Fame The Hockey Hall of Fame () is an ice hockey museum located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dedicated to the history of ice hockey, it is a museum and a hall of fame. It holds exhibits about players, teams, National Hockey League (NHL) records, memorabilia and NHL trophies, including the Stanley Cup. Founded in Kingston, Ontario, the Hockey Hall of Fame was established in 1943 under the leadership of James T. Sutherland. The first class of honoured members was inducted in 1945, before the Hall of Fame had a permanent location. It moved to Toronto in 1958","title":"Hockey Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"16876155","text":"FIDAL Hall of Fame The IAAF Hall of Fame is a hall of fame which was established by the FIDAL (\"Italian Athletics Federation\") in 2012. The FIDAL Hall of Fame includes Italian athletes who have excelled in the history of athletics and that match some criteria. The minimum criteria for an athlete to qualify for membership of the Hall of Fame are. Are not included the athletes still in activity and the gold medals won at the World Athletics Indoor Championships and European Athletics Indoor Championships. Only an athlete is included without respecting any criteria, the marathon runner Dorando Pietri.","title":"FIDAL Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"13748989","text":"since its inception in 1989. The Gaming Hall of Fame Charity Dinner and Induction Ceremony is organized by the AGA and its members and benefits the National Center for Responsible Gaming. Notable people who have been inducted into the Hall of Fame are listed below, with their year of induction. Gaming Hall of Fame The Gaming Hall of Fame was established in 1989 to recognize individuals who have played a significant role in the gaming-entertainment industry. The Gaming Hall of Fame Charity Gala is an annual event organized by the American Gaming Association (AGA) and its members to honor achievements","title":"Gaming Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"4134637","text":"gain rights to these movies. Hallmark Hall of Fame Productions LLC (HHOFP) is a TV film production company that produces films for the Hallmark Hall of Fame Productions and is owned by Crown Media Productions. Hallmark Hall of Fame Productions' first credited film was an adaptation of \"The Tempest\" in 1960. Richard Welsh Company was retained in 1982 to work on developing HoF projects. Hallmark Hall of Fame Productions, Inc. was incorporated on September 27, 1994. In February 1992, Hallmark Cards had formed Signboard Hill Productions as sister production company leveraging HHOFP management and expertise. The Hallmark Hall of Fame","title":"Hallmark Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"13748988","text":"Gaming Hall of Fame The Gaming Hall of Fame was established in 1989 to recognize individuals who have played a significant role in the gaming-entertainment industry. The Gaming Hall of Fame Charity Gala is an annual event organized by the American Gaming Association (AGA) and its members to honor achievements in industry leadership and entertainment. Induction into the Gaming Hall of Fame is the highest honor accorded by the gaming-entertainment industry. Each year, individuals who have distinguished themselves through significant contributions to the industry receive this distinction. More than 80 people have been inducted into the Gaming Hall of Fame","title":"Gaming Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"7428162","text":"Mascot Hall of Fame The Mascot Hall of Fame is a hall of fame for United States sports mascots. It was founded by David Raymond, who was the original Phillie Phanatic from 1978 to 1993. It was founded as an online-only hall, with an induction ceremony taking place each year in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. However, in September 2014, Raymond's mascot company signed a memorandum of understanding with the City of Whiting, Indiana, to develop a permanent Mascot Hall of Fame on the south shore of Lake Michigan. Each year (beginning in 2005), mascots are elected into the Mascot Hall of Fame","title":"Mascot Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"15314312","text":"Impact Hall of Fame The Impact Hall of Fame is a hall of fame that honors professional wrestlers and wrestling personalities, established and maintained by the U.S.-based national wrestling promotion Impact Wrestling. Introduced as the TNA Hall of Fame in 2012, it became known as the Impact Hall of Fame in 2017 after Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) rebranded as Impact Wrestling. Inductees are usually announced at either Slammiversary or on \"Impact!\" and the ceremony takes place prior to Bound for Glory, with a speech being delivered at Bound for Glory. However, in 2015, two were inducted into the Hall","title":"Impact Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"9365573","text":"the individuals and make their recommendations to the committee chairman. The Selectors are drawn from the ranks of senior Canadian journalists who are well qualified to judge their peers. Most are Members of the Hall of Fame. Induction of new Members takes place annually at a banquet in downtown Toronto, where the honourees receive an engraved personal plaque. Their names are also added individually to the Hall of Fame plaques. The Hall of Fame is operated under the auspices of the Toronto Press Club and was previously housed within the Ontario Club at 30 Wellington St. W. in Toronto. An","title":"Canadian News Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"13210370","text":"\"Welcome to The Hall of Fame\", produced by Peter Frankfurt) and the Hall of Fame History Gallery, where the Olympic Moment film produced by Bud Greenspan can be viewed. The second level holds the Hall of Fame Atrium, the Hall of Fame Champion Gallery and the Fred Lebow Marathon Hall . The third level holds the Hall of Fame Gallery featuring a -long etched glass wall with the names of all the inductees engraved upon it. Through the glass wall visitors can see the arena that is home to the largest indoor collegiate and high school invitational events in the","title":"National Track and Field Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"19138356","text":"The Singapore Women's Hall of Fame accepts nominations from the public for future inductees, and people can be inducted into the Singapore Women's Hall of Fame posthumously. Singapore Women's Hall of Fame The Singapore Women's Hall of Fame is a virtual hall of fame that honors and documents the lives of historically significant Singaporean women. The hall is the creation of the Singapore Council of Women's Organisations (SCWO), and grew out of an earlier nine-member wall of fame that the organization created in 2005. The Hall recognizes women in thirteen categories of achievement: The hall of fame was launched on","title":"Singapore Women's Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"812733","text":"has also been criticized for failing to induct international players and critics have claimed that the Hall has been far too focused on the National Hockey League. A common statement is that it is more of an \"NHL Hall of Fame\" than a general Hockey Hall of Fame. Partially in response to these claims, the Hall of Fame opened an International Hockey exhibit and announced that it would start looking at more international players for induction. Valeri Kharlamov was inducted in 2005, and is one of the few modern-day inductees to never play in the NHL. The Hall of Fame","title":"Hockey Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"18026917","text":"Cooperative Hall of Fame The Cooperative Hall of Fame recognizes individuals from the United States who have made outstanding contributions to cooperatives. The Hall of Fame was established in 1974 and is administered by the Cooperative Development Foundation. Nominations from the cooperative community are reviewed yearly by two committees composed of cooperative leaders. The committees make recommendations to the Board of Directors of National Cooperative Business Association (NCBA), who make the final decision. The Cooperative League of the USA (now the NCBA) announced a Hall of Fame at its 29th biennial conference in San Francisco. The Cooperative Hall of Fame","title":"Cooperative Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"9393999","text":"the Croquet Hall of Fame, by year:\" Croquet Hall of Fame The United States Croquet Hall of Fame was established in 1979 by the Croquet Foundation of America to recognize individuals with exceptional skill in the sport of croquet or men and women who have contributed to the sport's health and growth. The Croquet Hall of Fame is located in West Palm Beach, Florida, at the headquarters of the United States Croquet Association, the National Croquet Center. Each year, new inductees to the Croquet Foundation of America's Hall of Fame are celebrated at a fund-raising dinner and ball usually held","title":"Croquet Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"3297652","text":"category; only the top three nominees in each category, based on the results of the aforementioned robotics experts survey, are included on the ballot. Officials subsequently derived the final list of inductees from both the survey and the public vote. Robot Hall of Fame director Shirley Saldamarco said of the changes: No robots have been inducted into the Robot Hall of Fame since 2012. Robot Hall of Fame The Robot Hall of Fame is an American hall of fame that recognizes notable robots in various scientific fields and general society, as well as achievements in robotics technology. The organization was","title":"Robot Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"18253675","text":"Hall of Fame Bridge The Hall of Fame Bridge is a through arch bridge over Interstate 77 (I-77) in the American city of Canton, Ohio. The bridge was dedicated on June 19, 2006, 6 years after the initial concept was imagined. The landmark bridge was built to complement the Pro Football Hall of Fame located just South of the bridge. The project was unveiled in May 2004 by Hall of Fame president, John Bankert and Stark County Engineer Mike Rehfus. Funding for the $2.2 million bridge came from the Stark County Engineers office and the Pro Football Hall of Fame.","title":"Hall of Fame Bridge"},{"psg_id":"16876156","text":"At the 26 August 2018 the members are 42 athletes, 34 men and 8 women. Also these athletes match the criteria, but at the moment they are not included because are still in activity. FIDAL Hall of Fame The IAAF Hall of Fame is a hall of fame which was established by the FIDAL (\"Italian Athletics Federation\") in 2012. The FIDAL Hall of Fame includes Italian athletes who have excelled in the history of athletics and that match some criteria. The minimum criteria for an athlete to qualify for membership of the Hall of Fame are. Are not included the","title":"FIDAL Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"4567212","text":"WWE Hall of Fame The WWE Hall of Fame is a hall of fame for professional wrestlers and professional wrestling personalities maintained by WWE. The 1994 and 1995 ceremonies were held in conjunction with the annual King of the Ring pay-per-view events. In 1996, the ceremony was held with the Survivor Series event, for the first time in front of a paying audience as well as the wrestlers, after which, the Hall of Fame went on hiatus. In 2004, WWE relaunched the Hall of Fame to coincide with WrestleMania XX. This ceremony, like its predecessors, was not broadcast on television.","title":"WWE Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"15314314","text":"seven wrestlers inducted in total – five individually and one group induction. There has also been one referee induction. Impact Hall of Fame The Impact Hall of Fame is a hall of fame that honors professional wrestlers and wrestling personalities, established and maintained by the U.S.-based national wrestling promotion Impact Wrestling. Introduced as the TNA Hall of Fame in 2012, it became known as the Impact Hall of Fame in 2017 after Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) rebranded as Impact Wrestling. Inductees are usually announced at either Slammiversary or on \"Impact!\" and the ceremony takes place prior to Bound for","title":"Impact Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"812723","text":"be limited when placed on the same ballot with contemporary players\". Eleven players were inducted into that category, but in 2000, the Board of Directors eliminated it; the players who had been inducted under this category were merged into the player category. Candidates for membership in the Hockey Hall of Fame are nominated by an 18-person selection committee. The committee consists of Hockey Hall of Fame members, hockey personnel and media personalities associated with the game; the membership is representative of \"areas throughout the world where hockey is popular\", and includes at least one member who is knowledgeable about international","title":"Hockey Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"12400685","text":"National Sailing Hall of Fame The National Sailing Hall of Fame is a 501(c)(3) non-profit educational organization that promotes sailing by preserving America's sailing legacy and engages the next generation by sharing the benefits, excitement and beauty of sailing. The National Sailing Hall of Fame promotes sailing by recognizing its heroes; highlighting sailing's contribution to the American culture and experience; and demonstrating its value as a hands-on tool for teaching math & science. NSHOF's facility provides a home for American sailing – a place where people can participate in on-the-water experiences and immerse themselves in sailing's history, art and lore.","title":"National Sailing Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"5040343","text":"WCW Hall of Fame was the second hall of fame established to honor professional wrestlers, after the creation of the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) Hall of Fame in February 1993. After the 1995 Hall of Fame ceremony, WCW stopped the production of the Hall of Fame without a formal announcement. In 2001, after WCW filed for bankruptcy, the WWF acquired all of its assets; this led to the formal stoppage of the WCW Hall of Fame. The WWF, however, stopped producing its Hall of Fame ceremony after 1996. In 2004, World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), the WWF's successor, reinstated the WWE","title":"WCW Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"10782021","text":"in the 1961 crash of Sabena Flight 548, considered to be the most tragic event in figure skating history. They were honored posthumously in observance of the fiftieth anniversary of the tragedy. United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame The United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame serves as a repository for the sport of figure skating. The United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame is where the greatest names in the history of the sport are honored. To be inducted into the Hall of Fame is considered the highest achievement an American figure skater can attain. The Hall of","title":"United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"19174275","text":"Football Hall of Fame in 2017. Arena Football Hall of Fame The Arena Football Hall of Fame is the official Hall of Fame of the Arena Football League (AFL). The inaugural class was announced in 1998 and the Hall was not formally organized until 2011. Prior to 2011, there were four classes: 1998–2000 and then another in 2002. The Arena Football Hall of Fame is the highest honor for players, coaches, and contributors involved in the AFL. The voting process consists of fans and current Hall of Fame members voting on the finalists. The finalists are selected by the League","title":"Arena Football Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"12845182","text":"Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame The Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame (formerly Chicago Gay and Lesbian Hall of Fame) is an institution founded in 1991 to honor persons and entities who have made significant contributions to the quality of life or well-being of the LGBT community in Chicago. It is the first city-sponsored hall of fame dedicated to LGBT people, organizations and community in the United States. The Chicago Gay and Lesbian Hall of Fame was created in June 1991. The hall of fame is the first \"municipal institution of its kind in the United States, and possibly in the","title":"Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"6006146","text":"Magic: The Gathering Hall of Fame The \"Magic: The Gathering\" Pro Tour Hall of Fame was started in 2005 to honor the most successful \"\" players. The first inductions came on the tenth anniversary of the first Pro Tour event, and new Hall of Famers will be determined annually. Players who are eligible for the ballot (as below) can be voted in the Hall of Fame if they get more than 60% of the election committee's votes. As of 2018, there are 48 players from 12 different countries in the Hall of Fame. In order to appear on the Hall","title":"Magic: The Gathering Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"16390390","text":"of candidates in the Player category. The nomination and subsequent selection of candidates is determined by the ECHL Hall of Fame Selection Committee which is appointed by the ECHL. The ECHL Hall of Fame inaugural class was inducted during the 2008 ECHL All-Star Game festivities at Stockton Arena in Stockton, California, and included ECHL founder Henry Brabham, the ECHL's first commissioner Patrick J. Kelly, and former players Nick Vitucci and Chris Valicevic. ECHL Hall of Fame The ECHL Hall of Fame is an ice hockey museum dedicated to honoring members that have played in the ECHL (formerly known as the","title":"ECHL Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"7428164","text":"of Fame has also partnered with the Boys and Girls Clubs and holds an online auction contributing to that cause. The main bulk of the items up for auction are pieces of signed sports memorabilia donated by professional sports teams around the nation. To be eligible for the Mascot Hall of Fame, a mascot must have existed for a minimum of 10 years. They must also impact both their sport and community, inspire their fans, and consistently give memorable and groundbreaking performances. Mascot Hall of Fame The Mascot Hall of Fame is a hall of fame for United States sports","title":"Mascot Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"20989569","text":"eligible to be inducted to the Philippine Sports Hall of Fame must be Filipino athletes, coaches and trainers must satisfy at least one of these criteria: Philippine Sports Hall of Fame The Philippine Sports Hall of Fame (PSHOF') is a hall of fame established in 1999 to honor Filipino athletes, trainers, and coaches with the first batch of inductees included in the hall of fame in 2010. The Philippine Sports Commission manages the operations of the hall of fame. The Philippine Sports Hall of Fame was established through legislation, particularly Republic Act No. 8757 which was signed into law by","title":"Philippine Sports Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"12807452","text":"The Country Hall of Fame – Patsy Cline The Country Hall of Fame is a 1979 compilation album consisting of the popular hit singles by country music singer and Country Music Hall of Fame inductee, Patsy Cline. It was released on MCA Records. \"The Country Hall of Fame\" was released six years after Patsy Cline had been inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame. It contained some of her biggest hit singles from the Decca Records label, such as \"I Fall to Pieces,\" \"Crazy,\" and \"She's Got You.\" It also contained some less familiar song, such as \"Anytime,\" \"He","title":"The Country Hall of Fame – Patsy Cline"},{"psg_id":"12845184","text":"the Hall of Fame was changed to LGBT Hall of Fame. Inductees of the Hall of Fame can be any individuals or organizations who have contributed to the LGBT community in Chicago. Mayor Richard M. Daley said that the Chicago Gay and Lesbian Hall of Fame \"honors individuals and organizations within the LGBT communities who have demonstrated a commitment to diversity and work to enrich and unify our city.\" Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame The Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame (formerly Chicago Gay and Lesbian Hall of Fame) is an institution founded in 1991 to honor persons and entities who","title":"Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"695640","text":"Cleveland over Memphis, and Cleveland ranked first in a 1986 \"USA Today\" poll asking where the Hall of Fame should be located. On May 5, 1986, the Hall of Fame Foundation chose Cleveland as the permanent home of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum. Sam Phillips of Sun Studios fame and many others were stunned and disappointed that it ended up in Cleveland. \"The hall of fame should've been in Memphis, certainly,\" wrote Peter Guralnick, author of an acclaimed two-volume Elvis Presley biography. Cleveland may also have been chosen as the organization's site because the city offered","title":"Rock and Roll Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"10332183","text":"candidates that have been nominated is conducted by the invitees to the Blackjack Ball. The Hall of Famers inducted 2 more members per year through 2006, and then agreed to drop to only 1 person per year. However, in late 2007, 4 new members, were inducted in the Hall of Fame \"as a group\". The current members of the Blackjack Hall of Fame are the following: Blackjack Hall of Fame The Blackjack Hall of Fame honors the greatest blackjack experts, authors, and professional players in history. It was launched in 2002, and its physical premises are in San Diego, California.","title":"Blackjack Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"812739","text":"National Hockey League Players' Association pension funds. His resignation came six days before a vote was scheduled to determine if he should be expelled from the Hall. Originally, the Hall of Fame was not going to become involved in the issue, but was forced to act when dozens of inductees, including Bobby Orr, Ted Lindsay and Brad Park, campaigned for Eagleson's expulsion, even threatening to renounce their membership if he was not removed. He became the first member of a sports hall of fame in North America to resign. Hockey Hall of Fame The Hockey Hall of Fame () is","title":"Hockey Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"16488172","text":"as the Glebe Oval, was where he played many games in his early years, and where his and his wife's ashes are now scattered. The oval and museum are tourist attractions for cricket fans in Australia, and for people visiting from overseas. In 2016, after the ODI win over India in Manuka Oval, Canberra on their way to Sydney Cricket Ground, the squad became the first Australian squad to ever visit the Museum. International Cricket Hall of Fame The International Cricket Hall of Fame is a permanent cultural exhibition dedicated to the game of cricket. It is located in the","title":"International Cricket Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"15521102","text":"to \"The Touch.\" Transformers Hall of Fame The official Transformers Hall of Fame was created by Hasbro to honor the most distinguished people behind the Transformers toy and entertainment franchise, along with some of the more popular Transformers characters. The Hall of Fame contains twenty-two characters and ten humans as of 2017. Each year, Hasbro selects which individuals will be inducted into the human portion of the Hall of Fame. Hasbro also selects certain characters which it feels are deserving of enshrining in the Transformers portion of the Hall of Fame. For the purposes of the Hall of Fame, characters","title":"Transformers Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"15521099","text":"Transformers Hall of Fame The official Transformers Hall of Fame was created by Hasbro to honor the most distinguished people behind the Transformers toy and entertainment franchise, along with some of the more popular Transformers characters. The Hall of Fame contains twenty-two characters and ten humans as of 2017. Each year, Hasbro selects which individuals will be inducted into the human portion of the Hall of Fame. Hasbro also selects certain characters which it feels are deserving of enshrining in the Transformers portion of the Hall of Fame. For the purposes of the Hall of Fame, characters are not differentiated","title":"Transformers Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"15230572","text":"members of the Hall of Fame committee, the Executive Boards of the MTF and LDR and the members of the Hall of Fame itself. USATF Masters Hall of Fame The USA Masters Hall of Fame is the Masters section of the National Track and Field Hall of Fame. It is intended to select worthy athletes from the various divisions of Masters athletics involved in the sports of track and field, road running and race walking. They are selected from nominees proposed by the Hall of Fame Committee, a joint committee under the supervision of the Masters Track and Field (MTF)","title":"USATF Masters Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"3395666","text":"1965. The Hall of Fame is dedicated to promoting the benefits of swimming as both an essential life skill and sport, through the operation of the World Museum of Swimming and by immortalizing the achievements and contributions of those who have distinguished themselves in the following six branches of aquatic sports: <BR> ISHOF inducts outstanding practitioners of these sports into the Hall of Fame as honorees in one of several categories: International Swimming Hall of Fame The International Swimming Hall of Fame and Museum (ISHOF) is a history museum and hall of fame, located at One Hall of Fame Drive,","title":"International Swimming Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"18124169","text":"Southern Wrestling Hall of Fame The Southern Wrestling Hall of Fame (originally the Texas Wrestling Hall of Fame) is a professional wrestling hall of fame maintained by Iconic Heroes of Wrestling Excellence (IHWE). Established in 2009 to honor select wrestling personalities, inductees were initially limited to alumni of the Global Wrestling Federation, National Wrestling Alliance, USWA Texas, and World Class Championship Wrestling, but also included independent stars after 2011. In 2015, the hall of fame expanded to include wrestling personalities from all of the Southern United States. It is the first and only hall of fame created to honor pro","title":"Southern Wrestling Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"16464847","text":"Internet Hall of Fame The Internet Hall of Fame is an honorary lifetime achievement award administered by the Internet Society (ISOC) in recognition of individuals who have made significant contributions to the development and advancement of the Internet. The Internet Hall of Fame was established in 2012, on the 20th anniversary of ISOC. Its stated purpose is to \"publicly recognize a distinguished and select group of visionaries, leaders and luminaries who have made significant contributions to the development and advancement of the global Internet\". Nominations may be made by anyone through an applications process. The Internet Hall of Fame Advisory","title":"Internet Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"6514109","text":"named as a \"Legend\" of the Australian Football Hall of Fame is the highest honour which can be bestowed onto an Australian footballer. In 2010, several amendments to the Legends category were made to ensure the exclusivity and prestige of the Hall of Fame. Among them were: People inducted into the Australian Football Hall of Fame on their coaching records (alphabetical order). Every year there is a special Hall of Fame dinner to announce and welcome the new inductees to the Hall of Fame. The Hall of Fame inductions started in Melbourne in 1996 to celebrate the VFL-AFL centenary season.","title":"Australian Football Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"3845186","text":"Convention. In 2014 the organization's board undertook a $20 million capital campaign to fund the development of a new location for the Hall at the 1844 Seneca Knitting Mill, which is associated with the abolitionist movement and with the birthplace of women's rights. The move will quadruple the available space to , including exhibit space, offices, and meeting space for conferences, wedding receptions and community events. The site is in view of the Wesleyan Chapel where the 1848 women's rights convention took place. National Women's Hall of Fame The National Women's Hall of Fame is an American institution created in","title":"National Women's Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"20519229","text":"labels, fashion, business, scholarship, and community. Hip Hop Hall of Fame The Hip Hop Hall of Fame, also known as the Hip Hop Hall of Fame + Museum, is a New York chartered non-profit 501 c(3) museum and educational institution whose focus is hip hop music and culture from around the world. The Hip Hop Hall of Fame was founded in 1992 by Hip Hop Hall of Fame Awards creator and executive producer James 'JT' Thompson, a New York City native and Los Angeles-raised hip hop connoisseur. The Hip Hop Hall of Fame was launched globally in September 1995 at","title":"Hip Hop Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"20519223","text":"Hip Hop Hall of Fame The Hip Hop Hall of Fame, also known as the Hip Hop Hall of Fame + Museum, is a New York chartered non-profit 501 c(3) museum and educational institution whose focus is hip hop music and culture from around the world. The Hip Hop Hall of Fame was founded in 1992 by Hip Hop Hall of Fame Awards creator and executive producer James 'JT' Thompson, a New York City native and Los Angeles-raised hip hop connoisseur. The Hip Hop Hall of Fame was launched globally in September 1995 at Harlem's historic restaurant Sylvia's, which unveiled","title":"Hip Hop Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"16041034","text":"Rally Hall of Fame The Rally Hall of Fame is a hall of fame for famous rally drivers and other persons who have had a great influence on rallying. The exhibition is part of the automobile and road museum Mobilia located at Kangasala, near the city of Tampere, in central Finland. The Hall of Fame was opened on 29 April 2010 with four inductees; Erik Carlsson, Paddy Hopkirk, Rauno Aaltonen and Timo Mäkinen. Walter Röhrl and Hannu Mikkola were elected in 2011, and Michèle Mouton and Carlos Sainz in 2012. New nominations are introduced every year during the Rally Finland.","title":"Rally Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"4359051","text":"Automotive Hall of Fame The Automotive Hall of Fame is an American museum. It was founded in 1939 and has over 800 worldwide honorees. It is part of the MotorCities National Heritage Area. The Automotive Hall of Fame includes persons who have contributed greatly to automotive history—defined broadly to include persons who may not be household words but who are automotive giants nonetheless. They include award recipients from advertising, car rental, dealerships, designers, racing, financiers, engineers, mechanics, drivers, executives, managers, dealers, inventors and union officials. It includes the automotive industry, suppliers, dealers, and support. The Automotive Hall of Fame has","title":"Automotive Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"16830931","text":"Eric Diep of \"XXL\" commented that, \"\"Hall of Fame\" moves along at a steady pace for the most part,\" but there are instances where the album is less than consistent. Concluding that, \"even these minor shortcomings don't supersede the fact that the album is filled with radio-friendly cuts and compelling storytelling.\" David Jeffries of AllMusic said, while \"Hall of Fame\" provides plenty of vibrant, sexual, exciting moments, the \"classic feel\" that was intended is \"nowhere to be found.\" Erin Lowers of \"Exclaim!\" commented that, \"While \"Hall of Fame\" escapes the dreaded sophomore curse, it doesn't do so unscathed. [...] Big","title":"Hall of Fame (Big Sean album)"},{"psg_id":"18026918","text":"and Historical Society was established in 1974. By 1990, 64 people were inducted in the Hall. The Hall is located at NCBA's headquarters in Washington, D.C. As of 2012, there are 153 inductees, dubbed \"heroes\" by the Hall. Cooperative Hall of Fame The Cooperative Hall of Fame recognizes individuals from the United States who have made outstanding contributions to cooperatives. The Hall of Fame was established in 1974 and is administered by the Cooperative Development Foundation. Nominations from the cooperative community are reviewed yearly by two committees composed of cooperative leaders. The committees make recommendations to the Board of Directors","title":"Cooperative Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"14935916","text":"Hall of Fame of the Bunyoro-Kitara Kingdom The Hall of Fame of the Bunyoro Kitara Kingdom is an honor that is bestowed upon persons who have done special and noteworthy work in the field of improving the Kingdom of Bunyoro Kitara. Once a year a board of persons nominated by the Omukama of Bunyoro will meet and decide who (if any) are to be invited to join the Hall of Fame. The honor is not one that can be applied for, one must be chosen by the board, who makes their decision purely by merits. Currently the Hall of Fame","title":"Hall of Fame of the Bunyoro-Kitara Kingdom"},{"psg_id":"2672298","text":"Canadian Football Hall of Fame The Canadian Football Hall of Fame is a not-for-profit corporation, located in Hamilton, Ontario, that celebrates great achievements in Canadian football. It is maintained by the Canadian Football League (CFL). It includes displays about the CFL, Canadian university football and Canadian junior football history. The Hall previously had a main feature in the central portion of the museum where inducted members, each with a metal bust depicting their head, were displayed prior to the physical building being closed. There were also featured displays that highlight each CFL team's history, and an interactive field goal kicking","title":"Canadian Football Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"812714","text":"that a permanent home in the Exhibition Place was needed. The NHL agreed to fully fund the building of the new facility on the grounds of Exhibition Place, and construction began in 1960. The first permanent Hockey Hall of Fame, which shared a building with the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame, was opened on August 26, 1961, by Canadian Prime Minister John Diefenbaker. Over 750,000 people visited the Hall in its inaugural year. Admission to the Hockey Hall of Fame was free until 1980, when the Hockey Hall of Fame facilities underwent expansion. By 1986, the Hall of Fame was","title":"Hockey Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"6001162","text":"Nebraska Hall of Fame The Nebraska Hall of Fame officially recognizes prominent individuals from the State of Nebraska. Twenty-five busts located on the second floor of the Nebraska State Capitol commemorate members of the Hall of Fame. Nebraska Medal of Honor recipients are also members of the Nebraska Hall of Fame. A plaque with the names of Medal of Honor recipients is located in Memorial Chamber—the fourteenth floor of the capitol. On May 23, 1961, the family of U.S. Senator George W. Norris gave a bust of Norris to the State of Nebraska. In celebration of the centenary of his","title":"Nebraska Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"6001153","text":"Nebraska Hall of Fame The Nebraska Hall of Fame officially recognizes prominent individuals from the State of Nebraska. Twenty-five busts located on the second floor of the Nebraska State Capitol commemorate members of the Hall of Fame. Nebraska Medal of Honor recipients are also members of the Nebraska Hall of Fame. A plaque with the names of Medal of Honor recipients is located in Memorial Chamber—the fourteenth floor of the capitol. On May 23, 1961, the family of U.S. Senator George W. Norris gave a bust of Norris to the State of Nebraska. In celebration of the centenary of his","title":"Nebraska Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"19138354","text":"Singapore Women's Hall of Fame The Singapore Women's Hall of Fame is a virtual hall of fame that honors and documents the lives of historically significant Singaporean women. The hall is the creation of the Singapore Council of Women's Organisations (SCWO), and grew out of an earlier nine-member wall of fame that the organization created in 2005. The Hall recognizes women in thirteen categories of achievement: The hall of fame was launched on 14 March 2014, with 108 initial inductees. A five-person selection committee headed by Ambassador Tommy Koh selected the initial inductees from over 200 nominees; the committee took","title":"Singapore Women's Hall of Fame"},{"psg_id":"3297649","text":"Robot Hall of Fame The Robot Hall of Fame is an American hall of fame that recognizes notable robots in various scientific fields and general society, as well as achievements in robotics technology. The organization was established in 2003 by the School of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, as an acknowledgement of Pittsburgh's achievements in the field of robotics and with the aim of creating a broader awareness of the contributions of robotics in society. The idea for the Robot Hall of Fame was conceived by Carnegie Mellon School of Computer Science dean James H. Morris,","title":"Robot Hall of Fame"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5107501\",\n \"text\": \"total of 48 votes are cast by a voting committee consisting of the nominating committee and the following: A total of 50 individuals have been inducted into the NASCAR Hall of Fame. 35 were inducted as drivers, 24 of whom were inducted solely as drivers. The other 15 were inducted for their accomplishments as drivers, owners and/or broadcasters. Among non-drivers, seven were inducted for being owners, four as promoters, and three for being crew chiefs. NASCAR Hall of Fame The NASCAR Hall of Fame honors drivers who have shown exceptional skill at NASCAR driving, all-time great crew chiefs and owners,\",\n \"title\": \"NASCAR Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5107495\",\n \"text\": \"Freed & Partners during construction. Engineering and fabrication of the stainless steel möbius that wraps around the structure was completed by Zahner, of Kansas City. Exhibition design is by Ralph Appelbaum Associates, and exhibition lighting by Technical Artistry. Tobin Starr + Partners is architect-of-record for exhibit and auditorium spaces. Jaros, Baum & Bolles (JB&B) was the mechanical, electrical and plumbing engineer. Site excavation and grading services started on May 21, 2007. The facility features a Hall of Fame and a 19-story office tower. The Nascar Hall of Fame is set on a 150,000 square feet surface. In June 2008, Nascar\",\n \"title\": \"NASCAR Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5107500\",\n \"text\": \"the three-year rule is waived for drivers who compete in 30 or more years in NASCAR-sanctioned competition or turn 55 years of age. The rule applies to all NASCAR-sanctioned competitions; some drivers in the Hall of Fame did not participate in what is now the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series. Non-drivers must have been involved in the industry at least ten years. Some candidates with shorter careers will be considered if there were special circumstances. A 20-member nominating committee chooses nominees from those who are eligible. The committee consists of: After the nomination committee selects the list of candidates, a\",\n \"title\": \"NASCAR Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4098602\",\n \"text\": \"of NASCAR, and is currently located in Lincoln, Alabama, adjacent to Talladega Superspeedway. To be nominated, the person must be retired from their specialty in motorsports for at least five years unless approved on special means (age or worthy of special early induction). They are voted on by a 150-member panel from the American auto racing media. Due to the opening of the NASCAR Hall of Fame, there was no class of 2010. International Motorsports Hall of Fame The International Motorsports Hall of Fame is a Hall of Fame dedicated to enshrining those who have contributed the most to the\",\n \"title\": \"International Motorsports Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8681172\",\n \"text\": \"Georgia Sports Hall of Fame The Georgia Sports Hall of Fame is located in Macon, Georgia, USA. It is the largest state sports hall of fame in America at . The Hall of Fame houses over of exhibit space broken down into sections including Hall of Fame Inductees, High School, collegiate sports, Olympic, Paralympic, Professional Sports, and Great Moments in Georgia Sports History areas. Interactive exhibits in the museum include NASCAR simulators, basketball and football games, and computer programs. The Hall of Fame is owned by the state of Georgia and operated by the Georgia Sports Hall of Fame Authority.\",\n \"title\": \"Georgia Sports Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8681177\",\n \"text\": \"shop, a 205-seat theater, a research center, staff offices and storage space. Georgia Sports Hall of Fame The Georgia Sports Hall of Fame is located in Macon, Georgia, USA. It is the largest state sports hall of fame in America at . The Hall of Fame houses over of exhibit space broken down into sections including Hall of Fame Inductees, High School, collegiate sports, Olympic, Paralympic, Professional Sports, and Great Moments in Georgia Sports History areas. Interactive exhibits in the museum include NASCAR simulators, basketball and football games, and computer programs. The Hall of Fame is owned by the state\",\n \"title\": \"Georgia Sports Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6478058\",\n \"text\": \"Missouri Sports Hall of Fame The Missouri Sports Hall of Fame is located in Springfield, Missouri, United States. Founded by Springfield businessman John Q. Hammons in 1994, the Hall of Fame showcases over 4,000 items of sports memorabilia and exhibits related to Missouri amateur and professional athletics. The two-story, 32,000 square foot building also features a number of interactive presentations that allow visitors to experience auto racing in the NASCAR simulator, step into the batters box against a Major League Baseball pitcher, throw football passes, and much more. Adjacent to the Hall is the Legends Walk of Fame, a plaza-like\",\n \"title\": \"Missouri Sports Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11134741\",\n \"text\": \"West Coast Stock Car Hall of Fame The West Coast Stock Car Hall Of Fame is a Hall of Fame for people associated with late-model stock car racing on the West Coast of the United States. Many NASCAR Grand National Division, West Series champions are inducted in the Hall of Fame. The Hall of Fame once had a physical location at Toyota Speedway at Irwindale, in Irwindale, California. Today, it is a digital hall of fame located online (Official website) and inductees are honored at an annual banquet, according to the official website. The hall of fame was created in\",\n \"title\": \"West Coast Stock Car Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6478060\",\n \"text\": \"manner or businesses that have been strong supporters of athletics in Missouri have also been enshrined in the Hall. Missouri Sports Hall of Fame The Missouri Sports Hall of Fame is located in Springfield, Missouri, United States. Founded by Springfield businessman John Q. Hammons in 1994, the Hall of Fame showcases over 4,000 items of sports memorabilia and exhibits related to Missouri amateur and professional athletics. The two-story, 32,000 square foot building also features a number of interactive presentations that allow visitors to experience auto racing in the NASCAR simulator, step into the batters box against a Major League Baseball\",\n \"title\": \"Missouri Sports Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6329252\",\n \"text\": \"Hall of Fame Racing Hall of Fame Racing was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series racing team principally owned by Jeff Moorad, Tom Garfinkel, and Tom Davin. The team was created as a joint venture between former Dallas Cowboys quarterbacks Roger Staubach, Troy Aikman and Bill Saunders. The team has closed following the 2009 season, with its best season coming with Tony Raines and Ron Fellows (for the road courses) behind the wheel of the No. 96 DLP Chevrolet, finishing 25th in owners points in 2007. Hall of Fame Racing was first rumored in 2003, but it took three years to\",\n \"title\": \"Hall of Fame Racing\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4098601\",\n \"text\": \"International Motorsports Hall of Fame The International Motorsports Hall of Fame is a Hall of Fame dedicated to enshrining those who have contributed the most to the sports of auto racing and motorized boat racing either as a driver, owner, developer or engineer. Although people of many nationalities have been inducted (including racing legends such as Juan Manuel Fangio, Stirling Moss, Ayrton Senna) the majority of inductees chosen are American drivers who competed in domestic series (particularly NASCAR). Only three non-Americans have been inducted since 2003. It was founded in 1990 by Bill France, Jr., the son of the founder\",\n \"title\": \"International Motorsports Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6329259\",\n \"text\": \"David Gilliland in the 71 TRG Motorsports car. The team ended the season 31st in owners points, with only 1 top-5 finish. Following the 2009 season, Yates Racing merged with Richard Petty Motorsports and Front Row Motorsports, and the No. 96 team was shut down. The car owner points were transferred to Front Row for the 2010 season. Hall of Fame Racing Hall of Fame Racing was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series racing team principally owned by Jeff Moorad, Tom Garfinkel, and Tom Davin. The team was created as a joint venture between former Dallas Cowboys quarterbacks Roger Staubach, Troy\",\n \"title\": \"Hall of Fame Racing\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7566245\",\n \"text\": \"Volleyball Hall of Fame The International Volleyball Hall of Fame (IVHF) was founded to honor extraordinary players, coaches, officials, and leaders who have made significant contributions to the game of volleyball. The Hall of Fame is located in Holyoke, Massachusetts, where volleyball was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan at the local YMCA. In 1971 the Greater Holyoke Chamber of Commerce established a committee to campaign for the founding of the Volleyball Hall of Fame in Holyoke, Massachusetts. In 1978, the committee incorporated as Holyoke Volleyball Hall of Fame, Inc., a nonprofit corporation established for the purpose of planning,\",\n \"title\": \"Volleyball Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14562201\",\n \"text\": \"Sport Hall of Fame Ottawa Sport Hall of Fame The Ottawa Sport Hall of Fame is a hall of fame dedicated to recognizing notable athletes and sports people who were born in or around Ottawa, Canada or had a sports career in Ottawa. The Hall of Fame is located in the Heritage Building of the Ottawa City Hall in downtown Ottawa. The Hall of Fame was opened in 1968 in the new Ottawa Civic Centre where it resided until 2006, when it moved to the new Corel Centre arena. In 2011, it was relocated to its new location in Ottawa\",\n \"title\": \"Ottawa Sport Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14562200\",\n \"text\": \"Ottawa Sport Hall of Fame The Ottawa Sport Hall of Fame is a hall of fame dedicated to recognizing notable athletes and sports people who were born in or around Ottawa, Canada or had a sports career in Ottawa. The Hall of Fame is located in the Heritage Building of the Ottawa City Hall in downtown Ottawa. The Hall of Fame was opened in 1968 in the new Ottawa Civic Centre where it resided until 2006, when it moved to the new Corel Centre arena. In 2011, it was relocated to its new location in Ottawa City Hall. Source: Ottawa\",\n \"title\": \"Ottawa Sport Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8044397\",\n \"text\": \"Polka Hall of Fame The National Cleveland-Style Polka Hall of Fame and Museum is a museum in Euclid, Ohio, United States. It traces the history of the Cleveland-style polka, from its Slovenian roots from the 19th century, through American factory and mining towns where it absorbed jazz and country expressions, to the post-war years when top ten polka hits got the nation on the dance floor. The Polka Hall of Fame holds an annual awards show on the Saturday after Thanksgiving. The show awards local and national polka groups and talents. The show is held in the Grand Ballroom of\",\n \"title\": \"Polka Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3678168\",\n \"text\": \"base with three gold-plated stacks of chips. Poker Hall of Fame The Poker Hall of Fame is the hall of fame of professional poker in the United States. Founded in Las Vegas, it was created in 1979 by Benny Binion, the owner of the Horseshoe Casino, to preserve the names and legacies of the world's greatest poker players and to serve as a tourist attraction to his casino. Binion was known for the creative ways in which he marketed his casino. In 1949, he convinced Johnny Moss and Nick \\\"The Greek\\\" Dandolos to play high-stakes poker heads up where the\",\n \"title\": \"Poker Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15046560\",\n \"text\": \"Oklahoma Hall of Fame The Oklahoma Hall of Fame was founded by the Oklahoma Memorial Association, a group founded in 1927 by Anna B. Korn with the purpose of establishing the hall of fame. In the 1970s, the Hefner Mansion was donated to the association to house the exhibits and busts or portraits of the inductees, and the organization changed its name to the Oklahoma Heritage Association in 1971. It then moved into the former Mid-Continent Life Insurance building in Oklahoma City in 2007 where it is now part of the Gaylord-Pickens Museum. To be eligible for induction, an individual\",\n \"title\": \"Oklahoma Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3678163\",\n \"text\": \"Poker Hall of Fame The Poker Hall of Fame is the hall of fame of professional poker in the United States. Founded in Las Vegas, it was created in 1979 by Benny Binion, the owner of the Horseshoe Casino, to preserve the names and legacies of the world's greatest poker players and to serve as a tourist attraction to his casino. Binion was known for the creative ways in which he marketed his casino. In 1949, he convinced Johnny Moss and Nick \\\"The Greek\\\" Dandolos to play high-stakes poker heads up where the public could watch them. In 1970, he\",\n \"title\": \"Poker Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16169561\",\n \"text\": \"fame are: Since re-opening in 2004, the following additional members have been inducted: Roller Derby Hall of Fame The Roller Derby Hall of Fame, also known as the National Roller Derby Hall of Fame, was founded in 1952, by the editors of the \\\"Roller Derby News\\\" paper. Johnny Rosasco and Josephine \\\"Ma\\\" Bogash were the first two skaters to be inducted into the Hall of Fame. The Hall of Fame was initially displayed at Madison Square Garden, where the home offices of the sport were located. Skaters could only be inducted after their retirement. However, four skaters were inducted and\",\n \"title\": \"Roller Derby Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5600513\",\n \"text\": \"area, edited two skiing books, and developed one of the most extensive ski libraries in America. Following his death, his family donated his library to the National Ski Hall of Fame and Museum where it has become the nucleus for the Roland Palmedo Memorial Library. National Ski Hall of Fame The U.S. Ski and Snowboard Hall of Fame and Museum is located in Ishpeming, Michigan, the birthplace of organized skiing in the United States. Located in the state's Upper Peninsula, the building includes the hall of fame and museum, as well as a theater, library, gift shop, offices, and ample\",\n \"title\": \"National Ski Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1944531\",\n \"text\": \"inductees receive a distinctive Gold Jacket and previous inductees nearly always wear theirs when participating at new inductee ceremonies. Previous induction ceremonies were held during the next day (Sunday from 1999–2005, Saturday in 2006), situated on the steps of the Hall of Fame building. Starting in 2002, the ceremony was moved to Fawcett Stadium (now Tom Benson Hall of Fame Stadium), where it was held from 1963 to 1965. Since 2007, the enshrinement ceremony has been held on the Saturday night. The Hall of Fame Game, the annual NFL preseason opener, is played in Tom Benson Hall of Fame Stadium\",\n \"title\": \"Pro Football Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4640639\",\n \"text\": \"World Figure Skating Hall of Fame The World Figure Skating Hall of Fame serves as a repository for the sport of figure skating. The World Figure Skating Hall of Fame is where the greatest names in the history of the sport are honored. The World Figure Skating Museum and Hall of Fame is located in Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States. Skaters such as Dick Button, Katarina Witt, Midori Ito, Sonja Henie, Alexei Yagudin and Michelle Kwan have been honored in the Hall of Fame. * Indicates that they were inducted into the golden category, which considers contributions prior to WWII.<br>\",\n \"title\": \"World Figure Skating Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4640638\",\n \"text\": \"World Figure Skating Hall of Fame The World Figure Skating Hall of Fame serves as a repository for the sport of figure skating. The World Figure Skating Hall of Fame is where the greatest names in the history of the sport are honored. The World Figure Skating Museum and Hall of Fame is located in Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States. Skaters such as Dick Button, Katarina Witt, Midori Ito, Sonja Henie, Alexei Yagudin and Michelle Kwan have been honored in the Hall of Fame. * Indicates that they were inducted into the golden category, which considers contributions prior to WWII.<br>\",\n \"title\": \"World Figure Skating Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2672303\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"* denotes deceased\\\" There is also a wing of the Hall of Fame dedicated to reporters. Canadian Football Hall of Fame The Canadian Football Hall of Fame is a not-for-profit corporation, located in Hamilton, Ontario, that celebrates great achievements in Canadian football. It is maintained by the Canadian Football League (CFL). It includes displays about the CFL, Canadian university football and Canadian junior football history. The Hall previously had a main feature in the central portion of the museum where inducted members, each with a metal bust depicting their head, were displayed prior to the physical building being closed. There\",\n \"title\": \"Canadian Football Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16169558\",\n \"text\": \"Roller Derby Hall of Fame The Roller Derby Hall of Fame, also known as the National Roller Derby Hall of Fame, was founded in 1952, by the editors of the \\\"Roller Derby News\\\" paper. Johnny Rosasco and Josephine \\\"Ma\\\" Bogash were the first two skaters to be inducted into the Hall of Fame. The Hall of Fame was initially displayed at Madison Square Garden, where the home offices of the sport were located. Skaters could only be inducted after their retirement. However, four skaters were inducted and then returned to skating: Ann Calvello, Annis Jensen, Ken Monte and Charlie O'Connell.\",\n \"title\": \"Roller Derby Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16423673\",\n \"text\": \"WCF Hall of Fame The WCF Hall of Fame is an international curling Hall of Fame that was established by the World Curling Federation (WCF) in 2012. The induction is given as an honor that recognizes outstanding contributions to the sport of curling, and is awarded annually. Inductees are also awarded the World Curling Freytag Award, an award which predated the WCF Hall of Fame as the highest honor given by the WCF. Previous Freytag Award winners have been inducted into the WCF Hall of Fame. Inductees in the WCF Hall of Fame are curlers or builders of the sport\",\n \"title\": \"WCF Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11874583\",\n \"text\": \"budget release \\\"Live at the Royal Albert Hall with the World Festival Orchestra\\\" released by Sony Music Custom Marketing Group in the United States. The concert is also available on DVD. All songs by Justin Hayward, except where noted. Hall of Fame (The Moody Blues album) Hall of Fame is a live album by the progressive rock band The Moody Blues. It was recorded at a concert performed at the Royal Albert Hall, which included backing by a live orchestra. The album was released on 8 August 2000. It is the second Moody Blues live album to feature a live\",\n \"title\": \"Hall of Fame (The Moody Blues album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10782020\",\n \"text\": \"United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame The United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame serves as a repository for the sport of figure skating. The United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame is where the greatest names in the history of the sport are honored. To be inducted into the Hall of Fame is considered the highest achievement an American figure skater can attain. The Hall of Fame was founded in 1976. It is located in the World Figure Skating Museum and Hall of Fame, in Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States. All of the 2011 inductees lost their lives\",\n \"title\": \"United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"812717\",\n \"text\": \"of Fame since 1986, was appointed curator. Morrison supervised the relocation of the Hall of Fame and its exhibits. The current curator is Phil Pritchard. The Hockey Hall of Fame is led by Lanny McDonald, Chairman of the Board, and Chief Executive Officer, Jeff Denommé. It is operated as a non-profit business called the \\\"Hockey Hall of Fame and Museum\\\" (HHFM), independent of the National Hockey League. The Hall of Fame was originally sponsored by the NHL and Hockey Canada and revenue is generated mainly through admissions. The Hockey Hall of Fame has 15 exhibit areas covering . Visitors can\",\n \"title\": \"Hockey Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8628284\",\n \"text\": \"The Ring magazine Hall of Fame The Ring magazine was established in 1922. In 1954 the magazine established its own boxing Hall of Fame and inducted 155 members before it was abandoned after the 1987 inductions. Boxing inductions continue through the International Boxing Hall of Fame. 141 members of the old \\\"The Ring\\\" magazine Hall of Fame have been elected to the International Boxing Hall of Fame since 1989. The 14 members who have yet to be elected to the International Boxing Hall of Fame are listed below, with their year of induction into \\\"The Ring\\\" Boxing Hall of Fame:\",\n \"title\": \"The Ring magazine Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8044398\",\n \"text\": \"the Marriott Hotel on Public Square in downtown Cleveland, Ohio, and later shown on cable channels. The museum is located in the historic old city hall of Euclid, Ohio. The building was renovated in 2000. Polka Hall of Fame The National Cleveland-Style Polka Hall of Fame and Museum is a museum in Euclid, Ohio, United States. It traces the history of the Cleveland-style polka, from its Slovenian roots from the 19th century, through American factory and mining towns where it absorbed jazz and country expressions, to the post-war years when top ten polka hits got the nation on the dance\",\n \"title\": \"Polka Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18253676\",\n \"text\": \"The hall of fame paid approximately one third of the cost to cover the aesthetic portion of the bridge, including the hall of fame logo and football players. Hall of Fame Bridge The Hall of Fame Bridge is a through arch bridge over Interstate 77 (I-77) in the American city of Canton, Ohio. The bridge was dedicated on June 19, 2006, 6 years after the initial concept was imagined. The landmark bridge was built to complement the Pro Football Hall of Fame located just South of the bridge. The project was unveiled in May 2004 by Hall of Fame president,\",\n \"title\": \"Hall of Fame Bridge\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"812710\",\n \"text\": \"Honoured members are inducted into the Hall of Fame in an annual ceremony held at the Hall of Fame building in November, which is followed by a special \\\"Hockey Hall of Fame Game\\\" between the Toronto Maple Leafs and a visiting team. As of 2016, 271 players (including four women), 105 builders and 16 on-ice officials have been inducted into the Hall of Fame. The Hall of Fame has been criticized for focusing mainly on players from the National Hockey League and largely ignoring players from other North American and international leagues. The Hockey Hall of Fame was established through\",\n \"title\": \"Hockey Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14773855\",\n \"text\": \"a tribute to Arizona’s long and proud aviation history. Arizona AHOF recognizes its aviation industry leaders, pioneers in hot air ballooning of the 19th century, high-tech aerospace engineers and entrepreneurs, where these people of today who are a vital role in advanced aircraft and missile technology. Arizona Aviation Hall of Fame Arizona Aviation Hall of Fame (AAHOF) is located in the Pima Air & Space Museum, Tucson, Arizona which recognises Arizona's \\\"Excellence in Aviation\\\". The Aviation Hall of Fame exhibit is located in the honored \\\"Dorothy Finley Space Gallery\\\" on the Museum grounds. AAHOF provides to its visitors a presentation\",\n \"title\": \"Arizona Aviation Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5798192\",\n \"text\": \"New Zealand Sports Hall of Fame The New Zealand Sports Hall of Fame is an organisation commemorating New Zealand's greatest sporting triumphs. It was inaugurated as part of the New Zealand sesquicentenary celebrations in 1990. Some 160 members have been inducted into the Hall of Fame since its inception representing a wide variety of sports. Inductions are held regularly every second year. Since 1999, it has been located in Dunedin, in the city's Railway Station building, where a museum is sited displaying mementos of New Zealand's sporting achievements. Prior to this time the Hall of Fame was based in Wellington.\",\n \"title\": \"New Zealand Sports Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8628285\",\n \"text\": \"Modern Group Old-Timers Pioneers Non-Participant The Ring magazine Hall of Fame The Ring magazine was established in 1922. In 1954 the magazine established its own boxing Hall of Fame and inducted 155 members before it was abandoned after the 1987 inductions. Boxing inductions continue through the International Boxing Hall of Fame. 141 members of the old \\\"The Ring\\\" magazine Hall of Fame have been elected to the International Boxing Hall of Fame since 1989. The 14 members who have yet to be elected to the International Boxing Hall of Fame are listed below, with their year of induction into \\\"The\",\n \"title\": \"The Ring magazine Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"812708\",\n \"text\": \"Hockey Hall of Fame The Hockey Hall of Fame () is an ice hockey museum located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Dedicated to the history of ice hockey, it is a museum and a hall of fame. It holds exhibits about players, teams, National Hockey League (NHL) records, memorabilia and NHL trophies, including the Stanley Cup. Founded in Kingston, Ontario, the Hockey Hall of Fame was established in 1943 under the leadership of James T. Sutherland. The first class of honoured members was inducted in 1945, before the Hall of Fame had a permanent location. It moved to Toronto in 1958\",\n \"title\": \"Hockey Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16876155\",\n \"text\": \"FIDAL Hall of Fame The IAAF Hall of Fame is a hall of fame which was established by the FIDAL (\\\"Italian Athletics Federation\\\") in 2012. The FIDAL Hall of Fame includes Italian athletes who have excelled in the history of athletics and that match some criteria. The minimum criteria for an athlete to qualify for membership of the Hall of Fame are. Are not included the athletes still in activity and the gold medals won at the World Athletics Indoor Championships and European Athletics Indoor Championships. Only an athlete is included without respecting any criteria, the marathon runner Dorando Pietri.\",\n \"title\": \"FIDAL Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13748989\",\n \"text\": \"since its inception in 1989. The Gaming Hall of Fame Charity Dinner and Induction Ceremony is organized by the AGA and its members and benefits the National Center for Responsible Gaming. Notable people who have been inducted into the Hall of Fame are listed below, with their year of induction. Gaming Hall of Fame The Gaming Hall of Fame was established in 1989 to recognize individuals who have played a significant role in the gaming-entertainment industry. The Gaming Hall of Fame Charity Gala is an annual event organized by the American Gaming Association (AGA) and its members to honor achievements\",\n \"title\": \"Gaming Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4134637\",\n \"text\": \"gain rights to these movies. Hallmark Hall of Fame Productions LLC (HHOFP) is a TV film production company that produces films for the Hallmark Hall of Fame Productions and is owned by Crown Media Productions. Hallmark Hall of Fame Productions' first credited film was an adaptation of \\\"The Tempest\\\" in 1960. Richard Welsh Company was retained in 1982 to work on developing HoF projects. Hallmark Hall of Fame Productions, Inc. was incorporated on September 27, 1994. In February 1992, Hallmark Cards had formed Signboard Hill Productions as sister production company leveraging HHOFP management and expertise. The Hallmark Hall of Fame\",\n \"title\": \"Hallmark Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13748988\",\n \"text\": \"Gaming Hall of Fame The Gaming Hall of Fame was established in 1989 to recognize individuals who have played a significant role in the gaming-entertainment industry. The Gaming Hall of Fame Charity Gala is an annual event organized by the American Gaming Association (AGA) and its members to honor achievements in industry leadership and entertainment. Induction into the Gaming Hall of Fame is the highest honor accorded by the gaming-entertainment industry. Each year, individuals who have distinguished themselves through significant contributions to the industry receive this distinction. More than 80 people have been inducted into the Gaming Hall of Fame\",\n \"title\": \"Gaming Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7428162\",\n \"text\": \"Mascot Hall of Fame The Mascot Hall of Fame is a hall of fame for United States sports mascots. It was founded by David Raymond, who was the original Phillie Phanatic from 1978 to 1993. It was founded as an online-only hall, with an induction ceremony taking place each year in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. However, in September 2014, Raymond's mascot company signed a memorandum of understanding with the City of Whiting, Indiana, to develop a permanent Mascot Hall of Fame on the south shore of Lake Michigan. Each year (beginning in 2005), mascots are elected into the Mascot Hall of Fame\",\n \"title\": \"Mascot Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15314312\",\n \"text\": \"Impact Hall of Fame The Impact Hall of Fame is a hall of fame that honors professional wrestlers and wrestling personalities, established and maintained by the U.S.-based national wrestling promotion Impact Wrestling. Introduced as the TNA Hall of Fame in 2012, it became known as the Impact Hall of Fame in 2017 after Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) rebranded as Impact Wrestling. Inductees are usually announced at either Slammiversary or on \\\"Impact!\\\" and the ceremony takes place prior to Bound for Glory, with a speech being delivered at Bound for Glory. However, in 2015, two were inducted into the Hall\",\n \"title\": \"Impact Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9365573\",\n \"text\": \"the individuals and make their recommendations to the committee chairman. The Selectors are drawn from the ranks of senior Canadian journalists who are well qualified to judge their peers. Most are Members of the Hall of Fame. Induction of new Members takes place annually at a banquet in downtown Toronto, where the honourees receive an engraved personal plaque. Their names are also added individually to the Hall of Fame plaques. The Hall of Fame is operated under the auspices of the Toronto Press Club and was previously housed within the Ontario Club at 30 Wellington St. W. in Toronto. An\",\n \"title\": \"Canadian News Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13210370\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Welcome to The Hall of Fame\\\", produced by Peter Frankfurt) and the Hall of Fame History Gallery, where the Olympic Moment film produced by Bud Greenspan can be viewed. The second level holds the Hall of Fame Atrium, the Hall of Fame Champion Gallery and the Fred Lebow Marathon Hall . The third level holds the Hall of Fame Gallery featuring a -long etched glass wall with the names of all the inductees engraved upon it. Through the glass wall visitors can see the arena that is home to the largest indoor collegiate and high school invitational events in the\",\n \"title\": \"National Track and Field Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19138356\",\n \"text\": \"The Singapore Women's Hall of Fame accepts nominations from the public for future inductees, and people can be inducted into the Singapore Women's Hall of Fame posthumously. Singapore Women's Hall of Fame The Singapore Women's Hall of Fame is a virtual hall of fame that honors and documents the lives of historically significant Singaporean women. The hall is the creation of the Singapore Council of Women's Organisations (SCWO), and grew out of an earlier nine-member wall of fame that the organization created in 2005. The Hall recognizes women in thirteen categories of achievement: The hall of fame was launched on\",\n \"title\": \"Singapore Women's Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"812733\",\n \"text\": \"has also been criticized for failing to induct international players and critics have claimed that the Hall has been far too focused on the National Hockey League. A common statement is that it is more of an \\\"NHL Hall of Fame\\\" than a general Hockey Hall of Fame. Partially in response to these claims, the Hall of Fame opened an International Hockey exhibit and announced that it would start looking at more international players for induction. Valeri Kharlamov was inducted in 2005, and is one of the few modern-day inductees to never play in the NHL. The Hall of Fame\",\n \"title\": \"Hockey Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18026917\",\n \"text\": \"Cooperative Hall of Fame The Cooperative Hall of Fame recognizes individuals from the United States who have made outstanding contributions to cooperatives. The Hall of Fame was established in 1974 and is administered by the Cooperative Development Foundation. Nominations from the cooperative community are reviewed yearly by two committees composed of cooperative leaders. The committees make recommendations to the Board of Directors of National Cooperative Business Association (NCBA), who make the final decision. The Cooperative League of the USA (now the NCBA) announced a Hall of Fame at its 29th biennial conference in San Francisco. The Cooperative Hall of Fame\",\n \"title\": \"Cooperative Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9393999\",\n \"text\": \"the Croquet Hall of Fame, by year:\\\" Croquet Hall of Fame The United States Croquet Hall of Fame was established in 1979 by the Croquet Foundation of America to recognize individuals with exceptional skill in the sport of croquet or men and women who have contributed to the sport's health and growth. The Croquet Hall of Fame is located in West Palm Beach, Florida, at the headquarters of the United States Croquet Association, the National Croquet Center. Each year, new inductees to the Croquet Foundation of America's Hall of Fame are celebrated at a fund-raising dinner and ball usually held\",\n \"title\": \"Croquet Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3297652\",\n \"text\": \"category; only the top three nominees in each category, based on the results of the aforementioned robotics experts survey, are included on the ballot. Officials subsequently derived the final list of inductees from both the survey and the public vote. Robot Hall of Fame director Shirley Saldamarco said of the changes: No robots have been inducted into the Robot Hall of Fame since 2012. Robot Hall of Fame The Robot Hall of Fame is an American hall of fame that recognizes notable robots in various scientific fields and general society, as well as achievements in robotics technology. The organization was\",\n \"title\": \"Robot Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18253675\",\n \"text\": \"Hall of Fame Bridge The Hall of Fame Bridge is a through arch bridge over Interstate 77 (I-77) in the American city of Canton, Ohio. The bridge was dedicated on June 19, 2006, 6 years after the initial concept was imagined. The landmark bridge was built to complement the Pro Football Hall of Fame located just South of the bridge. The project was unveiled in May 2004 by Hall of Fame president, John Bankert and Stark County Engineer Mike Rehfus. Funding for the $2.2 million bridge came from the Stark County Engineers office and the Pro Football Hall of Fame.\",\n \"title\": \"Hall of Fame Bridge\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16876156\",\n \"text\": \"At the 26 August 2018 the members are 42 athletes, 34 men and 8 women. Also these athletes match the criteria, but at the moment they are not included because are still in activity. FIDAL Hall of Fame The IAAF Hall of Fame is a hall of fame which was established by the FIDAL (\\\"Italian Athletics Federation\\\") in 2012. The FIDAL Hall of Fame includes Italian athletes who have excelled in the history of athletics and that match some criteria. The minimum criteria for an athlete to qualify for membership of the Hall of Fame are. Are not included the\",\n \"title\": \"FIDAL Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4567212\",\n \"text\": \"WWE Hall of Fame The WWE Hall of Fame is a hall of fame for professional wrestlers and professional wrestling personalities maintained by WWE. The 1994 and 1995 ceremonies were held in conjunction with the annual King of the Ring pay-per-view events. In 1996, the ceremony was held with the Survivor Series event, for the first time in front of a paying audience as well as the wrestlers, after which, the Hall of Fame went on hiatus. In 2004, WWE relaunched the Hall of Fame to coincide with WrestleMania XX. This ceremony, like its predecessors, was not broadcast on television.\",\n \"title\": \"WWE Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15314314\",\n \"text\": \"seven wrestlers inducted in total – five individually and one group induction. There has also been one referee induction. Impact Hall of Fame The Impact Hall of Fame is a hall of fame that honors professional wrestlers and wrestling personalities, established and maintained by the U.S.-based national wrestling promotion Impact Wrestling. Introduced as the TNA Hall of Fame in 2012, it became known as the Impact Hall of Fame in 2017 after Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) rebranded as Impact Wrestling. Inductees are usually announced at either Slammiversary or on \\\"Impact!\\\" and the ceremony takes place prior to Bound for\",\n \"title\": \"Impact Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"812723\",\n \"text\": \"be limited when placed on the same ballot with contemporary players\\\". Eleven players were inducted into that category, but in 2000, the Board of Directors eliminated it; the players who had been inducted under this category were merged into the player category. Candidates for membership in the Hockey Hall of Fame are nominated by an 18-person selection committee. The committee consists of Hockey Hall of Fame members, hockey personnel and media personalities associated with the game; the membership is representative of \\\"areas throughout the world where hockey is popular\\\", and includes at least one member who is knowledgeable about international\",\n \"title\": \"Hockey Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12400685\",\n \"text\": \"National Sailing Hall of Fame The National Sailing Hall of Fame is a 501(c)(3) non-profit educational organization that promotes sailing by preserving America's sailing legacy and engages the next generation by sharing the benefits, excitement and beauty of sailing. The National Sailing Hall of Fame promotes sailing by recognizing its heroes; highlighting sailing's contribution to the American culture and experience; and demonstrating its value as a hands-on tool for teaching math & science. NSHOF's facility provides a home for American sailing – a place where people can participate in on-the-water experiences and immerse themselves in sailing's history, art and lore.\",\n \"title\": \"National Sailing Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5040343\",\n \"text\": \"WCW Hall of Fame was the second hall of fame established to honor professional wrestlers, after the creation of the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) Hall of Fame in February 1993. After the 1995 Hall of Fame ceremony, WCW stopped the production of the Hall of Fame without a formal announcement. In 2001, after WCW filed for bankruptcy, the WWF acquired all of its assets; this led to the formal stoppage of the WCW Hall of Fame. The WWF, however, stopped producing its Hall of Fame ceremony after 1996. In 2004, World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), the WWF's successor, reinstated the WWE\",\n \"title\": \"WCW Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10782021\",\n \"text\": \"in the 1961 crash of Sabena Flight 548, considered to be the most tragic event in figure skating history. They were honored posthumously in observance of the fiftieth anniversary of the tragedy. United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame The United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame serves as a repository for the sport of figure skating. The United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame is where the greatest names in the history of the sport are honored. To be inducted into the Hall of Fame is considered the highest achievement an American figure skater can attain. The Hall of\",\n \"title\": \"United States Figure Skating Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19174275\",\n \"text\": \"Football Hall of Fame in 2017. Arena Football Hall of Fame The Arena Football Hall of Fame is the official Hall of Fame of the Arena Football League (AFL). The inaugural class was announced in 1998 and the Hall was not formally organized until 2011. Prior to 2011, there were four classes: 1998–2000 and then another in 2002. The Arena Football Hall of Fame is the highest honor for players, coaches, and contributors involved in the AFL. The voting process consists of fans and current Hall of Fame members voting on the finalists. The finalists are selected by the League\",\n \"title\": \"Arena Football Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12845182\",\n \"text\": \"Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame The Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame (formerly Chicago Gay and Lesbian Hall of Fame) is an institution founded in 1991 to honor persons and entities who have made significant contributions to the quality of life or well-being of the LGBT community in Chicago. It is the first city-sponsored hall of fame dedicated to LGBT people, organizations and community in the United States. The Chicago Gay and Lesbian Hall of Fame was created in June 1991. The hall of fame is the first \\\"municipal institution of its kind in the United States, and possibly in the\",\n \"title\": \"Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6006146\",\n \"text\": \"Magic: The Gathering Hall of Fame The \\\"Magic: The Gathering\\\" Pro Tour Hall of Fame was started in 2005 to honor the most successful \\\"\\\" players. The first inductions came on the tenth anniversary of the first Pro Tour event, and new Hall of Famers will be determined annually. Players who are eligible for the ballot (as below) can be voted in the Hall of Fame if they get more than 60% of the election committee's votes. As of 2018, there are 48 players from 12 different countries in the Hall of Fame. In order to appear on the Hall\",\n \"title\": \"Magic: The Gathering Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16390390\",\n \"text\": \"of candidates in the Player category. The nomination and subsequent selection of candidates is determined by the ECHL Hall of Fame Selection Committee which is appointed by the ECHL. The ECHL Hall of Fame inaugural class was inducted during the 2008 ECHL All-Star Game festivities at Stockton Arena in Stockton, California, and included ECHL founder Henry Brabham, the ECHL's first commissioner Patrick J. Kelly, and former players Nick Vitucci and Chris Valicevic. ECHL Hall of Fame The ECHL Hall of Fame is an ice hockey museum dedicated to honoring members that have played in the ECHL (formerly known as the\",\n \"title\": \"ECHL Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7428164\",\n \"text\": \"of Fame has also partnered with the Boys and Girls Clubs and holds an online auction contributing to that cause. The main bulk of the items up for auction are pieces of signed sports memorabilia donated by professional sports teams around the nation. To be eligible for the Mascot Hall of Fame, a mascot must have existed for a minimum of 10 years. They must also impact both their sport and community, inspire their fans, and consistently give memorable and groundbreaking performances. Mascot Hall of Fame The Mascot Hall of Fame is a hall of fame for United States sports\",\n \"title\": \"Mascot Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20989569\",\n \"text\": \"eligible to be inducted to the Philippine Sports Hall of Fame must be Filipino athletes, coaches and trainers must satisfy at least one of these criteria: Philippine Sports Hall of Fame The Philippine Sports Hall of Fame (PSHOF') is a hall of fame established in 1999 to honor Filipino athletes, trainers, and coaches with the first batch of inductees included in the hall of fame in 2010. The Philippine Sports Commission manages the operations of the hall of fame. The Philippine Sports Hall of Fame was established through legislation, particularly Republic Act No. 8757 which was signed into law by\",\n \"title\": \"Philippine Sports Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12807452\",\n \"text\": \"The Country Hall of Fame – Patsy Cline The Country Hall of Fame is a 1979 compilation album consisting of the popular hit singles by country music singer and Country Music Hall of Fame inductee, Patsy Cline. It was released on MCA Records. \\\"The Country Hall of Fame\\\" was released six years after Patsy Cline had been inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame. It contained some of her biggest hit singles from the Decca Records label, such as \\\"I Fall to Pieces,\\\" \\\"Crazy,\\\" and \\\"She's Got You.\\\" It also contained some less familiar song, such as \\\"Anytime,\\\" \\\"He\",\n \"title\": \"The Country Hall of Fame – Patsy Cline\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12845184\",\n \"text\": \"the Hall of Fame was changed to LGBT Hall of Fame. Inductees of the Hall of Fame can be any individuals or organizations who have contributed to the LGBT community in Chicago. Mayor Richard M. Daley said that the Chicago Gay and Lesbian Hall of Fame \\\"honors individuals and organizations within the LGBT communities who have demonstrated a commitment to diversity and work to enrich and unify our city.\\\" Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame The Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame (formerly Chicago Gay and Lesbian Hall of Fame) is an institution founded in 1991 to honor persons and entities who\",\n \"title\": \"Chicago LGBT Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"695640\",\n \"text\": \"Cleveland over Memphis, and Cleveland ranked first in a 1986 \\\"USA Today\\\" poll asking where the Hall of Fame should be located. On May 5, 1986, the Hall of Fame Foundation chose Cleveland as the permanent home of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum. Sam Phillips of Sun Studios fame and many others were stunned and disappointed that it ended up in Cleveland. \\\"The hall of fame should've been in Memphis, certainly,\\\" wrote Peter Guralnick, author of an acclaimed two-volume Elvis Presley biography. Cleveland may also have been chosen as the organization's site because the city offered\",\n \"title\": \"Rock and Roll Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10332183\",\n \"text\": \"candidates that have been nominated is conducted by the invitees to the Blackjack Ball. The Hall of Famers inducted 2 more members per year through 2006, and then agreed to drop to only 1 person per year. However, in late 2007, 4 new members, were inducted in the Hall of Fame \\\"as a group\\\". The current members of the Blackjack Hall of Fame are the following: Blackjack Hall of Fame The Blackjack Hall of Fame honors the greatest blackjack experts, authors, and professional players in history. It was launched in 2002, and its physical premises are in San Diego, California.\",\n \"title\": \"Blackjack Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"812739\",\n \"text\": \"National Hockey League Players' Association pension funds. His resignation came six days before a vote was scheduled to determine if he should be expelled from the Hall. Originally, the Hall of Fame was not going to become involved in the issue, but was forced to act when dozens of inductees, including Bobby Orr, Ted Lindsay and Brad Park, campaigned for Eagleson's expulsion, even threatening to renounce their membership if he was not removed. He became the first member of a sports hall of fame in North America to resign. Hockey Hall of Fame The Hockey Hall of Fame () is\",\n \"title\": \"Hockey Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16488172\",\n \"text\": \"as the Glebe Oval, was where he played many games in his early years, and where his and his wife's ashes are now scattered. The oval and museum are tourist attractions for cricket fans in Australia, and for people visiting from overseas. In 2016, after the ODI win over India in Manuka Oval, Canberra on their way to Sydney Cricket Ground, the squad became the first Australian squad to ever visit the Museum. International Cricket Hall of Fame The International Cricket Hall of Fame is a permanent cultural exhibition dedicated to the game of cricket. It is located in the\",\n \"title\": \"International Cricket Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15521102\",\n \"text\": \"to \\\"The Touch.\\\" Transformers Hall of Fame The official Transformers Hall of Fame was created by Hasbro to honor the most distinguished people behind the Transformers toy and entertainment franchise, along with some of the more popular Transformers characters. The Hall of Fame contains twenty-two characters and ten humans as of 2017. Each year, Hasbro selects which individuals will be inducted into the human portion of the Hall of Fame. Hasbro also selects certain characters which it feels are deserving of enshrining in the Transformers portion of the Hall of Fame. For the purposes of the Hall of Fame, characters\",\n \"title\": \"Transformers Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15521099\",\n \"text\": \"Transformers Hall of Fame The official Transformers Hall of Fame was created by Hasbro to honor the most distinguished people behind the Transformers toy and entertainment franchise, along with some of the more popular Transformers characters. The Hall of Fame contains twenty-two characters and ten humans as of 2017. Each year, Hasbro selects which individuals will be inducted into the human portion of the Hall of Fame. Hasbro also selects certain characters which it feels are deserving of enshrining in the Transformers portion of the Hall of Fame. For the purposes of the Hall of Fame, characters are not differentiated\",\n \"title\": \"Transformers Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15230572\",\n \"text\": \"members of the Hall of Fame committee, the Executive Boards of the MTF and LDR and the members of the Hall of Fame itself. USATF Masters Hall of Fame The USA Masters Hall of Fame is the Masters section of the National Track and Field Hall of Fame. It is intended to select worthy athletes from the various divisions of Masters athletics involved in the sports of track and field, road running and race walking. They are selected from nominees proposed by the Hall of Fame Committee, a joint committee under the supervision of the Masters Track and Field (MTF)\",\n \"title\": \"USATF Masters Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3395666\",\n \"text\": \"1965. The Hall of Fame is dedicated to promoting the benefits of swimming as both an essential life skill and sport, through the operation of the World Museum of Swimming and by immortalizing the achievements and contributions of those who have distinguished themselves in the following six branches of aquatic sports: <BR> ISHOF inducts outstanding practitioners of these sports into the Hall of Fame as honorees in one of several categories: International Swimming Hall of Fame The International Swimming Hall of Fame and Museum (ISHOF) is a history museum and hall of fame, located at One Hall of Fame Drive,\",\n \"title\": \"International Swimming Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18124169\",\n \"text\": \"Southern Wrestling Hall of Fame The Southern Wrestling Hall of Fame (originally the Texas Wrestling Hall of Fame) is a professional wrestling hall of fame maintained by Iconic Heroes of Wrestling Excellence (IHWE). Established in 2009 to honor select wrestling personalities, inductees were initially limited to alumni of the Global Wrestling Federation, National Wrestling Alliance, USWA Texas, and World Class Championship Wrestling, but also included independent stars after 2011. In 2015, the hall of fame expanded to include wrestling personalities from all of the Southern United States. It is the first and only hall of fame created to honor pro\",\n \"title\": \"Southern Wrestling Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16464847\",\n \"text\": \"Internet Hall of Fame The Internet Hall of Fame is an honorary lifetime achievement award administered by the Internet Society (ISOC) in recognition of individuals who have made significant contributions to the development and advancement of the Internet. The Internet Hall of Fame was established in 2012, on the 20th anniversary of ISOC. Its stated purpose is to \\\"publicly recognize a distinguished and select group of visionaries, leaders and luminaries who have made significant contributions to the development and advancement of the global Internet\\\". Nominations may be made by anyone through an applications process. The Internet Hall of Fame Advisory\",\n \"title\": \"Internet Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6514109\",\n \"text\": \"named as a \\\"Legend\\\" of the Australian Football Hall of Fame is the highest honour which can be bestowed onto an Australian footballer. In 2010, several amendments to the Legends category were made to ensure the exclusivity and prestige of the Hall of Fame. Among them were: People inducted into the Australian Football Hall of Fame on their coaching records (alphabetical order). Every year there is a special Hall of Fame dinner to announce and welcome the new inductees to the Hall of Fame. The Hall of Fame inductions started in Melbourne in 1996 to celebrate the VFL-AFL centenary season.\",\n \"title\": \"Australian Football Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3845186\",\n \"text\": \"Convention. In 2014 the organization's board undertook a $20 million capital campaign to fund the development of a new location for the Hall at the 1844 Seneca Knitting Mill, which is associated with the abolitionist movement and with the birthplace of women's rights. The move will quadruple the available space to , including exhibit space, offices, and meeting space for conferences, wedding receptions and community events. The site is in view of the Wesleyan Chapel where the 1848 women's rights convention took place. National Women's Hall of Fame The National Women's Hall of Fame is an American institution created in\",\n \"title\": \"National Women's Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20519229\",\n \"text\": \"labels, fashion, business, scholarship, and community. Hip Hop Hall of Fame The Hip Hop Hall of Fame, also known as the Hip Hop Hall of Fame + Museum, is a New York chartered non-profit 501 c(3) museum and educational institution whose focus is hip hop music and culture from around the world. The Hip Hop Hall of Fame was founded in 1992 by Hip Hop Hall of Fame Awards creator and executive producer James 'JT' Thompson, a New York City native and Los Angeles-raised hip hop connoisseur. The Hip Hop Hall of Fame was launched globally in September 1995 at\",\n \"title\": \"Hip Hop Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20519223\",\n \"text\": \"Hip Hop Hall of Fame The Hip Hop Hall of Fame, also known as the Hip Hop Hall of Fame + Museum, is a New York chartered non-profit 501 c(3) museum and educational institution whose focus is hip hop music and culture from around the world. The Hip Hop Hall of Fame was founded in 1992 by Hip Hop Hall of Fame Awards creator and executive producer James 'JT' Thompson, a New York City native and Los Angeles-raised hip hop connoisseur. The Hip Hop Hall of Fame was launched globally in September 1995 at Harlem's historic restaurant Sylvia's, which unveiled\",\n \"title\": \"Hip Hop Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16041034\",\n \"text\": \"Rally Hall of Fame The Rally Hall of Fame is a hall of fame for famous rally drivers and other persons who have had a great influence on rallying. The exhibition is part of the automobile and road museum Mobilia located at Kangasala, near the city of Tampere, in central Finland. The Hall of Fame was opened on 29 April 2010 with four inductees; Erik Carlsson, Paddy Hopkirk, Rauno Aaltonen and Timo Mäkinen. Walter Röhrl and Hannu Mikkola were elected in 2011, and Michèle Mouton and Carlos Sainz in 2012. New nominations are introduced every year during the Rally Finland.\",\n \"title\": \"Rally Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4359051\",\n \"text\": \"Automotive Hall of Fame The Automotive Hall of Fame is an American museum. It was founded in 1939 and has over 800 worldwide honorees. It is part of the MotorCities National Heritage Area. The Automotive Hall of Fame includes persons who have contributed greatly to automotive history—defined broadly to include persons who may not be household words but who are automotive giants nonetheless. They include award recipients from advertising, car rental, dealerships, designers, racing, financiers, engineers, mechanics, drivers, executives, managers, dealers, inventors and union officials. It includes the automotive industry, suppliers, dealers, and support. The Automotive Hall of Fame has\",\n \"title\": \"Automotive Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16830931\",\n \"text\": \"Eric Diep of \\\"XXL\\\" commented that, \\\"\\\"Hall of Fame\\\" moves along at a steady pace for the most part,\\\" but there are instances where the album is less than consistent. Concluding that, \\\"even these minor shortcomings don't supersede the fact that the album is filled with radio-friendly cuts and compelling storytelling.\\\" David Jeffries of AllMusic said, while \\\"Hall of Fame\\\" provides plenty of vibrant, sexual, exciting moments, the \\\"classic feel\\\" that was intended is \\\"nowhere to be found.\\\" Erin Lowers of \\\"Exclaim!\\\" commented that, \\\"While \\\"Hall of Fame\\\" escapes the dreaded sophomore curse, it doesn't do so unscathed. [...] Big\",\n \"title\": \"Hall of Fame (Big Sean album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18026918\",\n \"text\": \"and Historical Society was established in 1974. By 1990, 64 people were inducted in the Hall. The Hall is located at NCBA's headquarters in Washington, D.C. As of 2012, there are 153 inductees, dubbed \\\"heroes\\\" by the Hall. Cooperative Hall of Fame The Cooperative Hall of Fame recognizes individuals from the United States who have made outstanding contributions to cooperatives. The Hall of Fame was established in 1974 and is administered by the Cooperative Development Foundation. Nominations from the cooperative community are reviewed yearly by two committees composed of cooperative leaders. The committees make recommendations to the Board of Directors\",\n \"title\": \"Cooperative Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14935916\",\n \"text\": \"Hall of Fame of the Bunyoro-Kitara Kingdom The Hall of Fame of the Bunyoro Kitara Kingdom is an honor that is bestowed upon persons who have done special and noteworthy work in the field of improving the Kingdom of Bunyoro Kitara. Once a year a board of persons nominated by the Omukama of Bunyoro will meet and decide who (if any) are to be invited to join the Hall of Fame. The honor is not one that can be applied for, one must be chosen by the board, who makes their decision purely by merits. Currently the Hall of Fame\",\n \"title\": \"Hall of Fame of the Bunyoro-Kitara Kingdom\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2672298\",\n \"text\": \"Canadian Football Hall of Fame The Canadian Football Hall of Fame is a not-for-profit corporation, located in Hamilton, Ontario, that celebrates great achievements in Canadian football. It is maintained by the Canadian Football League (CFL). It includes displays about the CFL, Canadian university football and Canadian junior football history. The Hall previously had a main feature in the central portion of the museum where inducted members, each with a metal bust depicting their head, were displayed prior to the physical building being closed. There were also featured displays that highlight each CFL team's history, and an interactive field goal kicking\",\n \"title\": \"Canadian Football Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"812714\",\n \"text\": \"that a permanent home in the Exhibition Place was needed. The NHL agreed to fully fund the building of the new facility on the grounds of Exhibition Place, and construction began in 1960. The first permanent Hockey Hall of Fame, which shared a building with the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame, was opened on August 26, 1961, by Canadian Prime Minister John Diefenbaker. Over 750,000 people visited the Hall in its inaugural year. Admission to the Hockey Hall of Fame was free until 1980, when the Hockey Hall of Fame facilities underwent expansion. By 1986, the Hall of Fame was\",\n \"title\": \"Hockey Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6001162\",\n \"text\": \"Nebraska Hall of Fame The Nebraska Hall of Fame officially recognizes prominent individuals from the State of Nebraska. Twenty-five busts located on the second floor of the Nebraska State Capitol commemorate members of the Hall of Fame. Nebraska Medal of Honor recipients are also members of the Nebraska Hall of Fame. A plaque with the names of Medal of Honor recipients is located in Memorial Chamber—the fourteenth floor of the capitol. On May 23, 1961, the family of U.S. Senator George W. Norris gave a bust of Norris to the State of Nebraska. In celebration of the centenary of his\",\n \"title\": \"Nebraska Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6001153\",\n \"text\": \"Nebraska Hall of Fame The Nebraska Hall of Fame officially recognizes prominent individuals from the State of Nebraska. Twenty-five busts located on the second floor of the Nebraska State Capitol commemorate members of the Hall of Fame. Nebraska Medal of Honor recipients are also members of the Nebraska Hall of Fame. A plaque with the names of Medal of Honor recipients is located in Memorial Chamber—the fourteenth floor of the capitol. On May 23, 1961, the family of U.S. Senator George W. Norris gave a bust of Norris to the State of Nebraska. In celebration of the centenary of his\",\n \"title\": \"Nebraska Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19138354\",\n \"text\": \"Singapore Women's Hall of Fame The Singapore Women's Hall of Fame is a virtual hall of fame that honors and documents the lives of historically significant Singaporean women. The hall is the creation of the Singapore Council of Women's Organisations (SCWO), and grew out of an earlier nine-member wall of fame that the organization created in 2005. The Hall recognizes women in thirteen categories of achievement: The hall of fame was launched on 14 March 2014, with 108 initial inductees. A five-person selection committee headed by Ambassador Tommy Koh selected the initial inductees from over 200 nominees; the committee took\",\n \"title\": \"Singapore Women's Hall of Fame\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3297649\",\n \"text\": \"Robot Hall of Fame The Robot Hall of Fame is an American hall of fame that recognizes notable robots in various scientific fields and general society, as well as achievements in robotics technology. The organization was established in 2003 by the School of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, as an acknowledgement of Pittsburgh's achievements in the field of robotics and with the aim of creating a broader awareness of the contributions of robotics in society. The idea for the Robot Hall of Fame was conceived by Carnegie Mellon School of Computer Science dean James H. Morris,\",\n \"title\": \"Robot Hall of Fame\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["charlotte","north carolina"],"string":"[\n \"charlotte\",\n \"north carolina\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":392,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"what was the name of wright brothers plane?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"689032","text":"their first powered flights in late 1903 with the \"Wright Flyer\", they conducted extensive glider tests that also developed their skills as pilots. Their bicycle shop employee Charlie Taylor became an important part of the team, building their first airplane engine in close collaboration with the brothers. The Wright brothers' status as inventors of the airplane has been subject to counter-claims by various parties. Much controversy persists over the many competing claims of early aviators. Edward Roach, historian for the Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park argues that they were excellent self-taught engineers who could run a small company, but","title":"Wright brothers"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689032\",\n \"text\": \"their first powered flights in late 1903 with the \\\"Wright Flyer\\\", they conducted extensive glider tests that also developed their skills as pilots. Their bicycle shop employee Charlie Taylor became an important part of the team, building their first airplane engine in close collaboration with the brothers. The Wright brothers' status as inventors of the airplane has been subject to counter-claims by various parties. Much controversy persists over the many competing claims of early aviators. Edward Roach, historian for the Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park argues that they were excellent self-taught engineers who could run a small company, but\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"19696495","text":"McCullough recalled, \"I didn't know when (chronologically) I was going to end that book, and who do I run into in France but the Wright brothers.\" He continued, \"I was delighted to find that Wilbur, at every chance, went to the Louvre to look at paintings, and the degree that he was moved by the great Gothic works of France was far beyond that of an ordinary tourist. [...] Much of what has been written about the Wright brothers (in French) has been ignored. That's what pulled me into doing the book.\" McCullough has had a lifelong interest in aviation.","title":"The Wright Brothers (book)"},{"psg_id":"19696494","text":"The Wright Brothers (book) The Wright Brothers is a 2015 non-fiction book written by the popular historian David McCullough and published by Simon & Schuster. It is a history of the American inventors and aviation pioneers Orville and Wilbur Wright. The book was on \"The New York Times\" Non-Fiction Best Sellers list for seven weeks in 2015. McCullough first became interested in writing a book on the Wright brothers while researching for his book \"The Greater Journey\", which explored the history of various notable Americans who lived in Paris during the 19th century. In an interview with \"The Seattle Times\",","title":"The Wright Brothers (book)"},{"psg_id":"19696501","text":"strengths he values so much in American life.\" Buzzy Jackson of \"The Boston Globe\" similarly described it as \"a tidy and relatively short history\" of the Wright brothers and praised the author's attention to detail, despite noting, \"While there is much to like here, McCullough's gee-whiz attitude toward America's favorite flying Boy Scouts does feel a bit retro.\" The Wright Brothers (book) The Wright Brothers is a 2015 non-fiction book written by the popular historian David McCullough and published by Simon & Schuster. It is a history of the American inventors and aviation pioneers Orville and Wilbur Wright. The book","title":"The Wright Brothers (book)"},{"psg_id":"6751094","text":"Dayton–Wright Brothers Airport Dayton–Wright Brothers Airport is a public airport located 10 miles (16 km) south of the central business district of Dayton, Ohio, located mainly in Miami Township, Montgomery County and partly in Clearcreek Township, Warren County, near the suburb of Springboro. It is owned and operated by the City of Dayton and serves as the reliever airport for Dayton International Airport. It mainly serves corporate and personal aircraft users. The airport's identifying code, MGY, is a reference to its former name of Montgomery County Airport. Dayton–Wright Brothers Airport covers an area of which contains one asphalt paved runway","title":"Dayton–Wright Brothers Airport"},{"psg_id":"689029","text":"Wright brothers The Wright brothers, Orville (August 19, 1871 – January 30, 1948) and Wilbur (April 16, 1867 – May 30, 1912), were two American aviators, engineers, inventors, and aviation pioneers who are generally credited with inventing, building, and flying the world's first successful airplane. They made the first controlled, sustained flight of a powered, heavier-than-air aircraft on December 17, 1903, four miles south of Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. In 1904–05 the brothers developed their flying machine into the first practical fixed-wing aircraft. Although not the first to build experimental aircraft, the Wright brothers were the first to invent aircraft","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"19696500","text":"to relive the past.\" Bob Hoover of the \"Star Tribune\" was slightly more critical of the work, remarking, \"Although this new biography, \"The Wright Brothers\", refreshes their often-told story in McCullough's upbeat, minutely researched manner, something's lacking — interesting characters. While the brothers accomplished their goal of powered flight, they missed out on the stuff that makes life interesting — relationships, children, hobbies, fun and, most of all, self-reflection.\" He concluded, \"Despite their old-fashioned manners and plain style, the Wright brothers were reticent and difficult people, traits that McCullough seemed unwilling to explore in his search for the virtues and","title":"The Wright Brothers (book)"},{"psg_id":"689033","text":"they did not have the business skills or temperament to dominate the growing aviation industry. The Wright brothers were two of seven children born to Milton Wright (1828–1917), of English and Dutch ancestry, and Susan Catherine Koerner (1831–1889), of German and Swiss ancestry. Milton Wright's mother, Catherine Reeder, was descended from the progenitor of the Vanderbilt family and the Huguenot Gano family of New Rochelle, New York. Wilbur was born near Millville, Indiana, in 1867; Orville in Dayton, Ohio, in 1871. The brothers never married. The other Wright siblings were Reuchlin (1861–1920), Lorin (1862–1939), Katharine (1874–1929), and twins Otis and","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689143","text":"the Wright brothers and their world-changing inventions—Ohio because the brothers developed and built their design in Dayton, and North Carolina because Kitty Hawk was the site of the Wrights' first powered flight. With a spirit of friendly rivalry, Ohio adopted the slogan \"Birthplace of Aviation\" (later \"Birthplace of Aviation Pioneers\", recognizing not only the Wrights, but also astronauts John Glenn and Neil Armstrong, both Ohio natives). The slogan appears on Ohio license plates. North Carolina uses the slogan \"First In Flight\" on its license plates. The site of the first flights in North Carolina is preserved as Wright Brothers National","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689092","text":"or scorned, the Wright brothers continued their work in semi-obscurity, while other aviation pioneers like Santos-Dumont, Henri Farman, Léon Delagrange and American Glenn Curtiss entered the limelight. In 1906 skeptics in the European aviation community had converted the press to an anti-Wright brothers stance. European newspapers, especially those in France, were openly derisive, calling them \"bluffeurs\" (bluffers). Ernest Archdeacon, founder of the Aéro-Club de France, was publicly scornful of the brothers' claims in spite of published reports; specifically, he wrote several articles and, in 1906, stated that \"the French would make the first public demonstration of powered flight\". The Paris","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689125","text":"flew unmanned powered fixed-wing model aircraft in 1896 and 1903. Two tests of his manned full-size motor-driven Aerodrome in October and December 1903, however, were complete failures. Nevertheless, the Smithsonian later proudly displayed the Aerodrome in its museum as the first heavier-than-air craft \"capable\" of manned powered flight, relegating the Wright brothers' invention to secondary status and triggering a decades-long feud with Orville Wright, whose brother had received help from the Smithsonian when beginning his own quest for flight. (Ironically, the Wright brothers were the initial recipients of the Samuel P. Langley Medal for Aerodromics from the Smithsonian in 1910.)","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689113","text":"from a legal threat. Promoters of approved shows paid fees to the Wrights. The Wright brothers won their initial case against Curtiss in February 1913 when a judge ruled that ailerons were covered under the patent. The Curtiss company appealed the decision. From 1910 until his death from typhoid fever in 1912, Wilbur took the leading role in the patent struggle, traveling incessantly to consult with lawyers and testify in what he felt was a moral cause, particularly against Curtiss, who was creating a large company to manufacture aircraft. The Wrights' preoccupation with the legal issue stifled their work on","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"1968413","text":"of the anniversary of the Wright brothers' first flight. Wright Brothers flights of 1909 Airplane inventors Wilbur and Orville Wright are famed for making the first controlled, powered, heavier-than-air flights on 17 December 1903 at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. Lesser-known are other flights of theirs which played an important role at the dawn of aviation history. In 1909 Wilbur was invited by the Hudson-Fulton Celebration Committee to make paid exhibition flights to help mark 300 years of New York history, including Henry Hudson discovering Manhattan and Robert Fulton starting a successful commercial steamboat service on the Hudson River. The committee","title":"Wright Brothers flights of 1909"},{"psg_id":"689130","text":"under its own power in controlled flight.\" If this agreement is not fulfilled, the Flyer can be reclaimed by the heir of the Wright brothers. Some aviation buffs, particularly those who promote the legacy of Gustave Whitehead, now accuse the Smithsonian of refusing to investigate claims of earlier flights. After a ceremony in the Smithsonian museum, the Flyer went on public display on December 17, 1948, the 45th anniversary of the only day it was flown successfully. The Wright brothers' nephew Milton (Lorin's son), who had seen gliders and the Flyer under construction in the bicycle shop when he was","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"8343106","text":"Trials), and Neil Diamond's \"Solaimon/Brother Love\". Wright Brothers Band The Wright Brothers Band, formerly known as the Wright Brothers Overland Stage Company, formed in 1972, is an Indiana based music group. They perform songs from the 1920s to the present day, and can cover bluegrass, pop standards, country, gospel, and even Aerosmith rock standards. The band briefly gained national attention with their patriotic song \"Made in the U.S.A.\" which celebrated companies that continued to manufacture their products in the United States. They performed on the Grand Ole Opry, The Today Show and appeared 12 times on Nashville Now. Signed with","title":"Wright Brothers Band"},{"psg_id":"8343104","text":"Wright Brothers Band The Wright Brothers Band, formerly known as the Wright Brothers Overland Stage Company, formed in 1972, is an Indiana based music group. They perform songs from the 1920s to the present day, and can cover bluegrass, pop standards, country, gospel, and even Aerosmith rock standards. The band briefly gained national attention with their patriotic song \"Made in the U.S.A.\" which celebrated companies that continued to manufacture their products in the United States. They performed on the Grand Ole Opry, The Today Show and appeared 12 times on Nashville Now. Signed with Warner Bros. and Mercury records in","title":"Wright Brothers Band"},{"psg_id":"12959004","text":"recipient was Colleen Barrett, President Emeritus of Southwest Airlines. The most recent winner of the Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy, in 2017, was John R. Dailey. Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy The Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy was established by the National Aeronautic Association (NAA) in 1948 after a trust fund was created in 1936 by Godfrey Lowell Cabot of Boston, a former president of the NAA. It is awarded to a living American for \"significant public service of enduring value to aviation in the United States.\" The presentation of the award is made annually at the Aero Club of Washington, as close","title":"Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy"},{"psg_id":"12959002","text":"Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy The Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy was established by the National Aeronautic Association (NAA) in 1948 after a trust fund was created in 1936 by Godfrey Lowell Cabot of Boston, a former president of the NAA. It is awarded to a living American for \"significant public service of enduring value to aviation in the United States.\" The presentation of the award is made annually at the Aero Club of Washington, as close as possible to December 17 each year, the day on which, in 1903, the Wright brothers made the first flight in an airplane. The inaugural","title":"Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy"},{"psg_id":"6751096","text":"runway lighting (MIRL) and a visual approach slope indicator (VASI), 68 T-hangars, 6 conventional hangars, . maintenance facility and administration building. On the airport grounds is a replica of the Wright brothers' Huffman Prairie hangar, containing a museum and replica Wright B Flyer. The museum is open to the public during limited hours. Dayton–Wright Brothers Airport Dayton–Wright Brothers Airport is a public airport located 10 miles (16 km) south of the central business district of Dayton, Ohio, located mainly in Miami Township, Montgomery County and partly in Clearcreek Township, Warren County, near the suburb of Springboro. It is owned and","title":"Dayton–Wright Brothers Airport"},{"psg_id":"5650869","text":"the Wright Brothers along with members of the Kill Devils Hills Life-Saving Station who assisted in moving the aircraft, as well as John T. Daniels who took the now famous photograph of the first flight. Curiously the sculpture correctly has a criss-crossed chain driving the port propeller but incorrectly has this propeller being identical to, rather than a mirror image of, the starboard propeller. Wright Brothers National Memorial Wright Brothers National Memorial, located in Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina, commemorates the first successful, sustained, powered flights in a heavier-than-air machine. From 1900 to 1903, Wilbur and Orville Wright came here","title":"Wright Brothers National Memorial"},{"psg_id":"689144","text":"Memorial, while their Ohio facilities are part of Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park. As the positions of both states can be factually defended, and each played a significant role in the history of flight, neither state has an exclusive claim to the Wrights' accomplishment. Notwithstanding the competition between those two states, in 1937 the Wrights' final bicycle shop and home were moved from Dayton to Greenfield Village in Dearborn, Michigan, where they remain. Notes Citations Wright brothers The Wright brothers, Orville (August 19, 1871 – January 30, 1948) and Wilbur (April 16, 1867 – May 30, 1912), were two","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689093","text":"edition of the \"New York Herald\" summed up Europe's opinion of the Wright brothers in an editorial on February 10, 1906: \"The Wrights have flown or they have not flown. They possess a machine or they do not possess one. They are in fact either fliers or liars. It is difficult to fly. It's easy to say, 'We have flown.'\" In 1908, after the Wrights' first flights in France, Archdeacon publicly admitted that he had done them an injustice. The Wright brothers made no flights at all in 1906 and 1907. They spent the time attempting to persuade the U.S.","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"18749336","text":"What the Brothers Sang What the Brothers Sang is an album by Dawn McCarthy (of Faun Fables) and Bonnie 'Prince' Billy. The album was released on February 19, 2013. The album features covers of songs that appeared on albums by The Everly Brothers. The duo preceded this album with the \"Christmas Eve Can Kill You\" 7\" single in late 2012, also featuring two covers of songs earlier performed by the Everlys. What the Brothers Sang was the first of three major albums released in 2013 to feature Everly Brothers covers in their entirety, the second being A Date with the","title":"What the Brothers Sang"},{"psg_id":"3108937","text":"The Hanson Brothers (band) The Hanson Brothers were a Canadian punk rock band formed in 1984 in Victoria and later based in Vancouver. The group included John and Rob Wright and Tom Holliston, all members of the punk rock band Nomeansno. The Hanson Brothers' band name references characters in the cult ice hockey film \"Slap Shot\". From 1984 to 1989, the Wright brothers and original NoMeansNo guitarist Andy Kerr performed Ramones cover sets sporadically under the name The Hanson Brothers. The Hanson Brothers later began to write \"their own Ramones songs\". At this time John Wright played drums and the","title":"The Hanson Brothers (band)"},{"psg_id":"3108941","text":"in 2014. Citations The Hanson Brothers (band) The Hanson Brothers were a Canadian punk rock band formed in 1984 in Victoria and later based in Vancouver. The group included John and Rob Wright and Tom Holliston, all members of the punk rock band Nomeansno. The Hanson Brothers' band name references characters in the cult ice hockey film \"Slap Shot\". From 1984 to 1989, the Wright brothers and original NoMeansNo guitarist Andy Kerr performed Ramones cover sets sporadically under the name The Hanson Brothers. The Hanson Brothers later began to write \"their own Ramones songs\". At this time John Wright played","title":"The Hanson Brothers (band)"},{"psg_id":"689107","text":"of the Wright brothers in America. On May 25, 1910, back at Huffman Prairie, Orville piloted two unique flights. First, he took off on a six-minute flight with Wilbur as his passenger, the only time the Wright brothers ever flew together. They received permission from their father to make the flight. They had always promised Milton they would never fly together to avoid the chance of a double tragedy and to ensure one brother would remain to continue their experiments. Next, Orville took his 82-year-old father on a nearly seven-minute flight, the only one of Milton Wright's life. The aircraft","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689117","text":"UK had been known in the period 1903–1906. The patent, titled \"Aërial Locomotion &c,\" described several engine improvements and conceptual designs and included a technical description and drawings of an aileron control system and an optional feature intended to function as an autopilot. In fact, this patent was well-known to participants in the Wright-Curtiss lawsuit. A U.S. federal judge who reviewed previous inventions and patents and upheld the Wright patent against the Curtiss company reached the opposite conclusion of Gibbs-Smith, saying the Boulton patent \"is not anticipatory\". The lawsuits damaged the public image of the Wright brothers, who were generally","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"13124352","text":"Wright brothers patent war The Wright brothers patent war centers on the patent they received for their method of an airplane's flight control. The Wright brothers were two Americans who are widely credited with inventing and building the world's first flyable airplane and making the first controlled, powered and sustained heavier-than-air human flight on December 17, 1903. In 1906, the Wrights received a patent for their method of flight control which they fiercely defended for years afterward, suing foreign and domestic aviators and companies, especially another U.S. aviation pioneer, Glenn Curtiss, in an attempt to collect licensing fees. Even after","title":"Wright brothers patent war"},{"psg_id":"5650857","text":"Wright Brothers National Memorial Wright Brothers National Memorial, located in Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina, commemorates the first successful, sustained, powered flights in a heavier-than-air machine. From 1900 to 1903, Wilbur and Orville Wright came here from Dayton, Ohio, based on information from the U.S. Weather Bureau about the area's steady winds. They also valued the privacy provided by this location, which in the early twentieth century was remote from major population centers. Authorized as Kill Devil Hill Monument on March 2, 1927, it was transferred from the War Department to the National Park Service on August 10, 1933. Congress","title":"Wright Brothers National Memorial"},{"psg_id":"13124370","text":"system of wing warping at precisely the same time as the Wrights, and was routinely requested during the middle of the Wright Brothers patent war to make the Montgomery patent available more broadly to other aviators for the specific purpose of avoiding the Wright Brothers' patent. New Zealander Richard Pearse may have made a powered flight in a monoplane that included small ailerons as early as 1902, but his claims are controversial (and sometimes inconsistent), and, even by his own reports, his aircraft were not well controlled. Robert Esnault-Pelterie, a Frenchman, built a Wright-style glider in 1904 that used ailerons","title":"Wright brothers patent war"},{"psg_id":"689118","text":"regarded before this as heroes. Critics said the brothers were greedy and unfair and compared their actions unfavorably to European inventors, who worked more openly. Supporters said the brothers were protecting their interests and were justified in expecting fair compensation for the years of work leading to their successful invention. Their 10-year friendship with Octave Chanute, already strained by tension over how much credit, if any, he might deserve for their success, collapsed after he publicly criticized their actions. The Wright Company was incorporated on November 22, 1909. The brothers sold their patents to the company for $100,000 and also","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689108","text":"rose to about while the elderly Wright called to his son, \"Higher, Orville, higher!\" The Wright brothers wrote their 1903 patent application themselves, but it was rejected. In January 1904 they hired Ohio patent attorney Henry Toulmin, and on May 22, 1906, they were granted U.S. Patent 821393 for \"new and useful Improvements in Flying Machines\". The patent illustrates a non-powered flying machine—namely, the 1902 glider. The patent's importance lies in its claim of a new and useful method of \"controlling\" a flying machine, powered or not. The technique of wing-warping is described, but the patent explicitly states that other","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"18749337","text":"Everly Brothers by the Chapin Sisters and the third being Foreverly by Billie Joe Armstrong and Norah Jones. The album received generally favorable reviews, with a cumulative score of 77/100 based on 16 reviews on the Metacritic review aggregator website. What the Brothers Sang What the Brothers Sang is an album by Dawn McCarthy (of Faun Fables) and Bonnie 'Prince' Billy. The album was released on February 19, 2013. The album features covers of songs that appeared on albums by The Everly Brothers. The duo preceded this album with the \"Christmas Eve Can Kill You\" 7\" single in late 2012,","title":"What the Brothers Sang"},{"psg_id":"689040","text":"by Otto Lilienthal in Germany. 1896 brought three important aeronautical events. In May, Smithsonian Institution Secretary Samuel Langley successfully flew an unmanned steam-powered fixed-wing model aircraft. In mid-year, Chicago engineer and aviation authority Octave Chanute brought together several men who tested various types of gliders over the sand dunes along the shore of Lake Michigan. In August, Lilienthal was killed in the plunge of his glider. These events lodged in the minds of the brothers, especially Lilienthal's death. The Wright brothers later cited his death as the point when their serious interest in flight research began. Wilbur said, \"Lilienthal was","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689142","text":"the Wright brothers argue that proven, repeated, controlled, and sustained flights by the brothers entitle them to credit as inventors of the airplane, regardless of those techniques. The late aviation historian Charles Harvard Gibbs-Smith was a supporter of the Wrights' claim to primacy in flight. He wrote that a barn door can be made to \"fly\" for a short distance if enough energy is applied to it; he determined that the very limited flight experiments of Ader, Vuia and others were \"powered hops\" instead of fully controlled flights. The U.S. states of Ohio and North Carolina both take credit for","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689059","text":"but were \"as critical to the ultimate success of the Wright brothers as were the gliders.\" The devices allowed the brothers to balance lift against drag and accurately calculate the performance of each wing. They could also see which wings worked well as they looked through the viewing window in the top of the tunnel. The tests yielded a trove of valuable data never before known and showed that the poor lift of the 1900 and 1901 gliders was entirely due to an incorrect Smeaton value, and that Lilienthal's published data were fairly accurate for the tests he had done.","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689030","text":"controls that made fixed-wing powered flight possible. The brothers' fundamental breakthrough was their invention of three-axis control, which enabled the pilot to steer the aircraft effectively and to maintain its equilibrium. This method became and remains standard on fixed-wing aircraft of all kinds. From the beginning of their aeronautical work, the Wright brothers focused on developing a reliable method of pilot control as the key to solving \"the flying problem\". This approach differed significantly from other experimenters of the time who put more emphasis on developing powerful engines. Using a small homebuilt wind tunnel, the Wrights also collected more accurate","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689101","text":"a long time, the Wright brothers have been accused in Europe of bluff ... They are today hallowed in France, and I feel an intense pleasure ... to make amends.\" On October 7, 1908, Edith Berg, the wife of the brothers' European business agent, became the first American woman passenger when she flew with Wilbur—one of many passengers who rode with him that autumn. Wilbur also became acquainted with Léon Bollée and his family. Bollée was the owner of an automobile factory where Wilbur would assemble the Flyer and where he would be provided with hired assistance. Bollée would fly","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"5650860","text":"wing of the Visitor Center is a life-size replica of the Wright brothers' 1903 Flyer, the first powered heavier-than-air aircraft in history to achieve controlled flight (the original being displayed at the National Air and Space Museum in Washington D.C.). A full-scale model of the Brothers' 1902 glider is also present, having been constructed under the direction of Orville Wright himself. Adorning the walls of the glider room are portraits and photographs of other flight pioneers throughout history. The visitor center's Modern design was a departure from the National Park Service's earlier, more traditional buildings, and was built as part","title":"Wright Brothers National Memorial"},{"psg_id":"13124366","text":"the duration of the war, but in 1918 the litigation was never renewed. By this time, Wilbur had died (in May 1912) and Orville had sold his interest in the Wright Company to a group of New York financiers (in October 1915) and retired from the business . The \"patent war\" had come to an end. The lawsuits damaged the public image of the Wright brothers, who previously had been generally regarded as heroes. Critics said the brothers' actions may have retarded the development of aviation, and compared their actions unfavorably to European inventors, who worked more openly. The Manufacturers","title":"Wright brothers patent war"},{"psg_id":"689141","text":"Guardsman who took their famous first flight photo, died the day after Orville. First flight claims are made for Clément Ader, Gustave Whitehead, Richard Pearse, and Karl Jatho for their variously documented tests in years prior to and including 1903. Claims that the first true flight occurred after 1903 are made for Traian Vuia and Alberto Santos-Dumont. Supporters of the post-Wright pioneers argue that techniques used by the Wright brothers disqualify them as first to make successful airplane flights. Those techniques were: a launch rail; skids instead of wheels; a headwind at takeoff; and a catapult after 1903. Supporters of","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"13124372","text":"flight control system, used wingtip ailerons for its roll control in its flights in France in 1908. In 1908, U.S. inventor, businessman and engine builder Glenn Curtiss flew an aileron-controlled aircraft. Curtiss was a member of the Aerial Experiment Association, headed by Alexander Graham Bell. The Association developed ailerons for their June Bug aircraft, in which Curtiss made the first officially recognized kilometer-plus flight in the U.S. In 1911, the AEA's version of ailerons received a patent. Wright brothers patent war The Wright brothers patent war centers on the patent they received for their method of an airplane's flight control.","title":"Wright brothers patent war"},{"psg_id":"13124368","text":"in the American lawsuit — English inventor Matthew Piers Watt Boulton first patented ailerons. Boulton's patent, No. 392, awarded in 1868 some 40 years before ailerons were 'reinvented', became forgotten until the aileron was in general use. Aviation historian Charles Gibbs-Smith stated that if Boulton's ailerons had been revealed at the time of the Wright Brothers' patent filings, the brothers might not have been able to claim priority of invention for lateral control of flying machines. U.S. District Judge John R. Hazel, who heard the Wright lawsuit against Curtiss, found to the contrary, ruling in 1913 that Boulton's \"assertions and","title":"Wright brothers patent war"},{"psg_id":"13124359","text":"in France, legal maneuvering dragged on until the patent expired in 1917. A German court ruled the patent not valid due to prior disclosure in speeches by Wilbur Wright in 1901 and Octave Chanute in 1903. In the U.S. the Wrights made an agreement with the Aero Club of America to license airshows which the Club approved, freeing participating pilots from a legal threat. Promoters of approved shows paid fees to the Wrights. The Wright brothers won their initial case against Curtiss in February 1913, but the decision was appealed. The brothers wrote to Samuel F Cody in the UK,","title":"Wright brothers patent war"},{"psg_id":"689039","text":"ground-breaking African-American poet and writer. For a brief period the Wrights printed the \"Dayton Tattler\", a weekly newspaper that Dunbar edited. Capitalizing on the national bicycle craze (spurred by the invention of the safety bicycle and its substantial advantages over the penny-farthing design), in December 1892 the brothers opened a repair and sales shop (the Wright Cycle Exchange, later the Wright Cycle Company) and in 1896 began manufacturing their own brand. They used this endeavor to fund their growing interest in flight. In the early or mid-1890s they saw newspaper or magazine articles and probably photographs of the dramatic glides","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"1968404","text":"Wright Brothers flights of 1909 Airplane inventors Wilbur and Orville Wright are famed for making the first controlled, powered, heavier-than-air flights on 17 December 1903 at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. Lesser-known are other flights of theirs which played an important role at the dawn of aviation history. In 1909 Wilbur was invited by the Hudson-Fulton Celebration Committee to make paid exhibition flights to help mark 300 years of New York history, including Henry Hudson discovering Manhattan and Robert Fulton starting a successful commercial steamboat service on the Hudson River. The committee wanted the Wrights to demonstrate flights over the water","title":"Wright Brothers flights of 1909"},{"psg_id":"689098","text":"He emerged with only bruises and a cut nose, but the accident ended the practice flights—and the airplane's flying career. In October 1911, Orville Wright returned to the Outer Banks again, to conduct safety and stabilization tests with a new glider. On October 24, he soared for nine minutes and 45 seconds, a record that held for almost 10 years, when gliding as a sport began in the 1920s. The brothers' contracts with the U.S. Army and a French syndicate depended on successful public flight demonstrations that met certain conditions. The brothers had to divide their efforts. Wilbur sailed for","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"19696497","text":"and the truly admirable human qualities that they personified, I would have wanted to write the book even if they hadn't succeeded in inventing the flying machine.\" \"The Wright Brothers\" has been praised by literary critics and historians. Janet Maslin of \"The New York Times\" described it as a \"concise, exciting and fact-packed book [that] sees the easy segue between bicycling and aerial locomotion, which at that point was mostly a topic for bird fanciers and dreamers.\" She added, \"Mr. McCullough presents all this with dignified panache, and with detail so granular you may wonder how it was all collected.\"","title":"The Wright Brothers (book)"},{"psg_id":"19696496","text":"In an interview with the \"Santa Barbara Independent\", he remarked, \"I loved to make model airplanes when I was a young boy and I took flying lessons later on; I would have continued if they weren’t so expensive. But I have to say in all candor that I knew very little about [the Wright brothers]. I knew they were from Ohio, I knew they were bicycles mechanics, and I knew they invented the airplane. But I really didn’t know anything beyond that of any substance...\" He added, \"Once I got into their lives and into all that they went through","title":"The Wright Brothers (book)"},{"psg_id":"16676012","text":"Wright Brothers Master Pilot Award The Wright Brothers Master Pilot Award was instituted by the United States Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) on October 11, 2003, to recognize pilots who have practiced safe flight operations continuously for 50 or more years during the course of their aviation careers. The award consists of a certificate and a pin, and consolidates other aviation awards presented by the FAA district offices. Eligibility for the award includes: Nominations are submitted by a formal application form that must be accompanied by three letters of recommendation from other FAA-certified pilots, attesting to the nominee's record. Photocopies of","title":"Wright Brothers Master Pilot Award"},{"psg_id":"16676013","text":"required certifications and documentations also must accompany the application. As of 2012, over 2,000 certified pilots have been honored with the award. Wright Brothers Master Pilot Award The Wright Brothers Master Pilot Award was instituted by the United States Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) on October 11, 2003, to recognize pilots who have practiced safe flight operations continuously for 50 or more years during the course of their aviation careers. The award consists of a certificate and a pin, and consolidates other aviation awards presented by the FAA district offices. Eligibility for the award includes: Nominations are submitted by a formal","title":"Wright Brothers Master Pilot Award"},{"psg_id":"19696498","text":"In \"The New York Review of Books\", the novelist James Salter wrote, \"Having twice won both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize for his best-selling histories and biographies, McCullough is a much-loved dean of Americana, and his new book, a dual biography, has a warm appeal.\" Writing in \"The Washington Post\", Reeve Lindbergh, daughter of the famed aviator Charles Lindbergh, called \"The Wright Brothers\" a \"superb new book\" and wrote, \"McCullough's magical account of their early adventures — enhanced by volumes of family correspondence, written records, and his own deep understanding of the country and the era —","title":"The Wright Brothers (book)"},{"psg_id":"19696499","text":"shows as never before how two Ohio boys from a remarkable family taught the world to fly.\" Bruce Watson of the \"San Francisco Chronicle\" observed, \"\"The Wright Brothers\" will do more than help Americans tell Orville from Wilbur. Fighting the persistent myth of invention's 'aha' moment, McCullough shows the importance of experiment, error and inspiration in nature. Although they studied early gliders, Orville and Wilbur also watched birds. 'Learning the secret of flight from a bird,' Orville said, 'is a good deal like learning the secret of magic from a magician.' Likewise, to learn history from a master storyteller is","title":"The Wright Brothers (book)"},{"psg_id":"689071","text":"several engine manufacturers, but none could meet their need for a sufficiently lightweight powerplant. They turned to their shop mechanic, Charlie Taylor, who built an engine in just six weeks in close consultation with the brothers. To keep the weight down the engine block was cast from aluminum, a rare practice at the time. The Wright/Taylor engine had a primitive version of a carburetor, and had no fuel pump. Gasoline was gravity-fed from the fuel tank mounted on a wing strut into a chamber next to the cylinders where it was mixed with air: the fuel-air mixture was then vaporized","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689088","text":"outside Ohio, and was often met with skepticism. The Paris edition of the \"Herald Tribune\" headlined a 1906 article on the Wrights \"FLYERS OR LIARS?\" In years to come Dayton newspapers would proudly celebrate the hometown Wright brothers as national heroes, but the local reporters somehow missed one of the most important stories in history as it was happening a few miles from their doorstep. James M. Cox, publisher at that time of the Dayton Daily News (later governor of Ohio and Democratic presidential nominee in 1920), expressed the attitude of newspapermen—and the public—in those days when he admitted years","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689121","text":"at the Indianapolis Speedway on June 13. Before the year was over, pilots Ralph Johnstone and Arch Hoxsey died in air show crashes, and in November 1911 the brothers disbanded the team on which nine men had served (four other former team members died in crashes afterward). The Wright Company transported the first known commercial air cargo on November 7, 1910, by flying two bolts of dress silk from Dayton to Columbus, Ohio, for the Morehouse-Martens Department Store, which paid a $5,000 fee. Company pilot Phil Parmelee made the flight—which was more an exercise in advertising than a simple delivery—in","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689100","text":"a pilot and the capability of his flying machine, which far surpassed those of all other pioneering aircraft and pilots of the day. The French public was thrilled by Wilbur's feats and flocked to the field by the thousands, and the Wright brothers instantly became world-famous. Former doubters issued apologies and effusive praise. \"L'Aérophile\" editor Georges Besançon wrote that the flights \"have completely dissipated all doubts. Not one of the former detractors of the Wrights dare question, today, the previous experiments of the men who were truly the first to fly ...\" Leading French aviation promoter Ernest Archdeacon wrote, \"For","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689050","text":"surface. The brothers did not discover this principle, but took advantage of it. The better lift of a cambered surface compared to a flat one was first discussed scientifically by Sir George Cayley. Lilienthal, whose work the Wrights carefully studied, used cambered wings in his gliders, proving in flight the advantage over flat surfaces. The wooden uprights between the wings of the Wright glider were braced by wires in their own version of Chanute's modified Pratt truss, a bridge-building design he used for his biplane glider (initially built as a triplane). The Wrights mounted the horizontal elevator in front of","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689090","text":"Balloon Factory. Capper and his wife were visiting the United States to investigate the aeronautical exhibits at the St. Louis World Fair, but had been given a letter of introduction to both Chanute and the Wrights by Patrick Alexander. Capper was very favorably impressed by the Wrights, who showed him photographs of their aircraft in flight. The Wright brothers were certainly complicit in the lack of attention they received. Fearful of competitors stealing their ideas, and still without a patent, they flew on only one more day after October 5. From then on, they refused to fly anywhere unless they","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689084","text":"four circles. By the end of the year the brothers had accumulated about 50 minutes in the air in 105 flights over the rather soggy pasture, which, remarkably, is virtually unchanged today from its original condition and is now part of Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park, adjacent to Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. The Wrights scrapped the battered and much-repaired aircraft, but saved the engine, and in 1905 built a new airplane, the \"Flyer III\". Nevertheless, at first this Flyer offered the same marginal performance as the first two. Its maiden flight was on June 23 and the first few","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689082","text":"Alberto Santos-Dumont). The Wright brothers did not have the luxury of being able to give away their invention; it was to be their livelihood. Thus, their secrecy intensified, encouraged by advice from their patent attorney, Henry Toulmin, not to reveal details of their machine. At Huffman Prairie, lighter winds made takeoffs harder, and they had to use a longer starting rail than the rail used at Kitty Hawk. The first flights in 1904 revealed problems with longitudinal stability, solved by adding ballast and lengthening the supports for the elevator. During the spring and summer they suffered many hard landings, often","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689078","text":"wishes, a telegraph operator leaked their message to a Virginia newspaper, which concocted a highly inaccurate news article that was reprinted the next day in several newspapers elsewhere, including Dayton. The Wrights issued their own factual statement to the press in January. Nevertheless, the flights did not create public excitement—if people even knew about them—and the news soon faded. In Paris, however, Aero Club of France members, already stimulated by Chanute's reports of Wright gliding successes, took the news more seriously and increased their efforts to catch up to the brothers. Modern analysis by Professor Fred E. C. Culick and","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"13885039","text":"Robert Kelsell Wright Robert Kelsell Wright (1858–1908) was the third eldest son of Joseph & Ann Wright of Avenue Farm, Waverton, Cheshire, United Kingdoma. Robert obtained his middle name from his paternal grandmother Elizabeth Kelsell and did not follow his brothers, Jack Wright, Joseph Wright & Tom Wright into greyhound training. Robert started slipping at coursing events from 1881 at meetings around the country he successfully slipped the Waterloo Cup finals as an approved greyhound slipper in 1890, when he slipped the legendary Fullerton and again in 1895 when his brothers had trained the finalists. Coursing correspondents described the slipping","title":"Robert Kelsell Wright"},{"psg_id":"689043","text":"only reinforced their opinion that a reliable method of pilot control was the key to successful—and safe—flight. At the outset of their experiments they regarded control as the unsolved third part of \"the flying problem\". They believed sufficiently promising knowledge of the other two issues—wings and engines—already existed. The Wright brothers thus differed sharply from more experienced practitioners of the day, notably Clément Ader, Maxim and Langley who built powerful engines, attached them to airframes equipped with unproven control devices, and expected to take to the air with no previous flying experience. Although agreeing with Lilienthal's idea of practice, the","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689041","text":"without question the greatest of the precursors, and the world owes to him a great debt.\" In May 1899 Wilbur wrote a letter to the Smithsonian Institution requesting information and publications about aeronautics. Drawing on the work of Sir George Cayley, Chanute, Lilienthal, Leonardo da Vinci, and Langley, they began their mechanical aeronautical experimentation that year. The Wright brothers always presented a unified image to the public, sharing equally in the credit for their invention. Biographers note that Wilbur took the initiative in 1899–1900, writing of \"my\" machine and \"my\" plans before Orville became deeply involved when the first person","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689046","text":"one side seemed either undesirable or did not enter their thinking. Some of these other investigators, including Langley and Chanute, sought the elusive ideal of \"inherent stability\", believing the pilot of a flying machine would not be able to react quickly enough to wind disturbances to use mechanical controls effectively. The Wright brothers, on the other hand, wanted the pilot to have absolute control. For that reason, their early designs made no concessions toward built-in stability (such as dihedral wings). They deliberately designed their 1903 first powered flyer with anhedral (drooping) wings, which are inherently unstable, but less susceptible to","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689131","text":"a boy, gave a brief speech and formally transferred the airplane to the Smithsonian, which displayed it with the accompanying label: Neither brother married. Wilbur once quipped that he did not have time for both a wife and an airplane. Following a brief training flight he gave to a German pilot in Berlin in June 1911, Wilbur never flew again. He gradually became occupied with business matters for the Wright Company and dealing with different lawsuits. Upon dealing with the patent lawsuits, which had put great strain on both brothers, Wilbur had written in a letter to a French friend,","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"1958298","text":"Third Street, where they officially started the Wright Cycle Exchange. They sold bicycles from $40 to $100. In addition to these sales, they rented bicycles, and sold parts and accessories. The brothers then moved the shop to 1015 West Third street, where they even had a newspaper ad for the Exchange. By the end of 1893 the shop was moved to 1034 West Third Street, where the name was changed from Wright Cycle Exchange to Wright Cycle Company. In 1895 the Wright Brothers moved to 22 South Williams Street, the only location of the six that is still standing today.","title":"Wright Cycle Company"},{"psg_id":"4127883","text":"raised more than $1 million in total for various charitable organizations. Delta Air Lines named an MD-88 airplane \"The Wright Flight\", after Wright. The plane's name, along with Wright's signature and jersey number (5), are next to the boarding door. The plane shuttles between New York, Boston and Washington. Wright is noted for his unaffected politeness and work ethic. He has been known to help participate with the Boys & Girls Clubs of America. He has developed a reputation for arriving very early to the park for games and being uncommonly accommodating with fans and reporters. Wright was featured on","title":"David Wright"},{"psg_id":"5650859","text":"years of gliding experiments from atop this and other nearby sand dunes. It is possible to walk along the actual routes of the four flights, with small monuments marking their starts and finishes. Two wooden sheds, based on historic photographs, recreate the world's first airplane hangar and the brothers' living quarters. The Visitor Center is home to a museum featuring models and actual tools and machines used by the Wright brothers during their flight experiments including a reproduction of the wind tunnel used to test wing shapes and a portion of the engine used in the first flight. In one","title":"Wright Brothers National Memorial"},{"psg_id":"689120","text":"an airplane easier to control, especially as higher speeds grew more common. The new version was designated the \"Model B\", although the original canard design was never referred to as the \"Model A\" by the Wrights. However, the U.S. Army Signal Corps which bought the airplane did call it \"Wright Type A\". There were not many customers for airplanes, so in the spring of 1910 the Wrights hired and trained a team of salaried exhibition pilots to show off their machines and win prize money for the company—despite Wilbur's disdain for what he called \"the mountebank business\". The team debuted","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"1192829","text":"post office charter was issued for Bismark, a name chosen by the Dierks brothers, the company founders, for a Nebraska town where they formerly operated a lumber outlet. The name of the town and post office changed to Wright during World War I because of public association of the Bismark name with that of the former German chancellor, Otto von Bismarck, despite the discrepancy in spelling. Wright City, Oklahoma Wright City is a town in McCurtain County, Oklahoma, United States, along the Little River. The population was 762 at the 2010 census, a decline of about 10 percent from 848","title":"Wright City, Oklahoma"},{"psg_id":"10426106","text":"Dayton-Wright Company The Dayton-Wright Company was formed in 1917, on the declaration of war between the United States and Germany, by a group of Ohio investors that included Charles F. Kettering and Edward A. Deeds of Dayton Engineering Laboratories Company (DELCO). Orville Wright lent his name and served as a consultant, but other than that, location of one of its three factories in the original Wright Company factory buildings in Dayton, Ohio was the only connection to the Wright brothers. In addition to plant 3 (the former Wright Company buildings), Dayton-Wright operated factories in Moraine (plant 1, the main factory)","title":"Dayton-Wright Company"},{"psg_id":"2135577","text":"under the Wright name, from the earliest test craft to the last products of the company before it merged with Martin. Note that only the aircraft built from the Model B onwards were built by the Wright Company itself. Wright Company The Wright Company was the commercial aviation business venture of the Wright Brothers, established by them on November 22, 1909, in conjunction with several prominent industrialists from New York and Detroit with the intention of capitalizing on their invention of the practical airplane. The company maintained its headquarters office in New York City and built its factory in Dayton,","title":"Wright Company"},{"psg_id":"8343105","text":"the eighties, the Wright Brothers had nine singles reach Billboard's Hot Country Singles chart. The band also recorded \"Shot Down in Hot Blood\" and a cover of \"Jim Dandy\" for the soundtrack of the 1987 Goldie Hawn movie \"Overboard\", in which they also made a live appearance. The band's first three albums, \"Cornfield Cowboys\", \"Memorablia Box\", and \"Third Phonograph Album\" were collected into a box set called \"Anthology\" first on vinyl and then on CD. \"Memorabilia Box\" featured live medleys of Harry Nillson's \"The Rainmaker\" with their own \"Dawson\", Mickey Newbury's \"An American Trilogy\" (Battle Hymn of the Republic/Dixie/All My","title":"Wright Brothers Band"},{"psg_id":"13885040","text":"as being performed with great success. Married in 1903 in Chester he died at Well House Farm, Waverton, Cheshire aged 49 years old. His photograph appears in Blanning & Prescott's: The Waterloo Cup, The First 150 Years. Robert Kelsell Wright Robert Kelsell Wright (1858–1908) was the third eldest son of Joseph & Ann Wright of Avenue Farm, Waverton, Cheshire, United Kingdoma. Robert obtained his middle name from his paternal grandmother Elizabeth Kelsell and did not follow his brothers, Jack Wright, Joseph Wright & Tom Wright into greyhound training. Robert started slipping at coursing events from 1881 at meetings around the","title":"Robert Kelsell Wright"},{"psg_id":"14680133","text":"Randy, joined the group and they renamed themselves The Jacksons and moved to Epic Records and scored more hits like \"Enjoy Yourself\", \"Shake Your Body (Down to the Ground)\" and \"This Place Hotel\". For Jermaine's first album without his brothers, Berry Gordy hired a who's-who of Motown producers, including Hal Davis (who was instrumental in part of the brothers' success) and Jeffrey Bowen. Executive Producer: Berry Gordy Arrangers: Michael L. Smith pka Michael Lovesmith, Greg Wright, Clay Drayton, Kenneth Lupper, William Bickelhaupt, Truman Thomas, Arthur G. Wright and William Goldstein My Name Is Jermaine My Name Is Jermaine is the","title":"My Name Is Jermaine"},{"psg_id":"9954698","text":"Schmidt. Also, since the corrector in Wright's arrangement nearly coincides with the image plane, it can support the film/detector assembly, clearing the optical path from supporting vanes. Wright camera In astrophotography, the Wright camera design, presented by Franklin Wright (Berkeley, California) in 1935, just a few years after the introduction of the Schmidt camera, was his \"short\" alternative to the original arrangement. Wright placed the Schmidt corrector at the focal plane, and had the mirror aspherised to cancel coma resulting from the altered aperture stop position (the aperture stop effectively coinciding with the corrector). While astigmatism remains present in the","title":"Wright camera"},{"psg_id":"689124","text":"steeply. A government investigation said the Wright C was \"dynamically unsuited for flying\", and the American military ended its use of airplanes with \"pusher\" type propellers, including models made by both the Wright and Curtiss companies, in which the engine was located behind the pilot and likely to crush him in a crash. Orville resisted the switch to manufacturing \"tractor\"-type propeller aircraft, worried that a design change could threaten the Wright patent infringement case against Curtiss. Samuel Pierpont Langley, secretary of the Smithsonian Institution from 1887 until his death in 1906, experimented for years with model flying machines and successfully","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"5650861","text":"of its \"Mission 66\" modernization and expansion program. As the first major building of that effort, it was a high-profile success, bringing critical notice for its Modern design and launching the careers of its designers. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1975 for its architecture and its importance to the Park Service's program. A 60-foot (18 m) granite monument, dedicated in 1932, is perched atop 90-foot-tall (27 m) Kill Devil Hill, commemorating the achievement of the Wright brothers. They conducted many of their glider tests on the massive shifting dune that was later stabilized to form Kill Devil","title":"Wright Brothers National Memorial"},{"psg_id":"10650487","text":"What Happened Was What Happened Was... is a 1994 American independent film written for the screen, directed by and starring Tom Noonan. It is an adaptation of Noonan's original stage play of the same name. It depicts two people, played by Karen Sillas and Tom Noonan, on a first date; their conversation gradually reveals their lonely lives and hidden personalities. \"What Happened Was...\" has an overall approval rating of 90% on Rotten Tomatoes. On the \"Siskel & Ebert\" show, Gene Siskel gave the film a thumbs up, stating that \"For what is really just one long night of conversation, the","title":"What Happened Was"},{"psg_id":"689115","text":"through legal tactics. Orville apparently felt vindicated by the decision, and much to the frustration of company executives, he did not push vigorously for further legal action to ensure a manufacturing monopoly. In fact, he was planning to sell the company and departed in 1915. In 1917, with World War I underway, the U.S. government pressured the industry to form a cross-licensing organization, the Manufacturers Aircraft Association, to which member companies paid a blanket fee for the use of aviation patents, including the original and subsequent Wright patents. The Wright-Martin company (successor to the Wright company) and the Curtiss company","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"689034","text":"Ida (born 1870, died in infancy). The direct paternal ancestry goes back to a Samuel Wright (b. 1606 in Essex, England) who sailed to America and settled in Massachusetts in 1636. None of the Wright children had middle names. Instead, their father tried hard to give them distinctive first names. Wilbur was named for Wilbur Fisk and Orville for Orville Dewey, both clergymen that Milton Wright admired. They were \"Will\" and \"Orv\" to their friends and in Dayton, their neighbors knew them simply as \"the Bishop's kids\", or \"the Bishop's boys\". Because of their father's position as a bishop in","title":"Wright brothers"},{"psg_id":"19956723","text":"Wrestling, and later in Smoky Mountain Wrestling. His ability to draw heat was so great that he was legitimately shot at three times by fans as well as being slashed by a fan requiring 160 stitches and had his personal small plane burnt by angry fans (Wright himself believed that the plane was burnt to cover up the theft of expensive parts). Wright also says, with regret, that he had caused four or five elderly spectators to have heart attacks over his antics. Ron Wright was married with children with his wife Teresa and children racing go-carts that Ron Wright","title":"Ron Wright (wrestler)"},{"psg_id":"20318029","text":"plane of vibration was normal to the plane of polarization — but only if one was familiar with the historical definition of the plane of polarization. If one was influenced by physical considerations \"alone\", then, as Feynman and the \"Britannica\" illustrate, one would pay attention to the electric vectors, assume that the \"plane\" of polarization (if one needed such a concept) contained those vectors, and not bother to define a separate \"plane of vibration\". Moreover, it is not clear that a \"plane of polarization\" is needed at all: knowing what field vectors are involved, we can specify the polarization by","title":"Plane of polarization"},{"psg_id":"4725987","text":"an additional 440-gallon tank, and extra emergency fuel in cans. The plane had a Polish national White Eagle and the name \"City of Warsaw\" painted on the fuselage. In August 1933, the plane was damaged by a hired pilot while landing in Harbour Grace, Newfoundland. After repairs, the brothers decided to try again. Although Ben Adamowicz had learned to fly blind, both brothers were purely amateur aviators. Moreover, their aircraft was not fitted with a radio, which made their trip more dangerous. On 28 June 1934, Benjamin and Joseph Adamowicz took off from Floyd Bennett Field in New York City","title":"Adamowicz brothers"},{"psg_id":"15268099","text":"outside or in retrospect, the entire process tends to seem more ordered and intentional—less blind—than it usually is.” However, Vincenti uses the differences between the Wright brothers and the French to show there is a range in how we manage blindness to variations. The Wright brothers designed a flying machine before the French even though they started experimenting at roughly the same time. The French 1) appealed to what little was known about the Wrights/Langley, 2) mental imaginings of what might succeed, and 3) guidance from growing flight experience. But “since [#1 and #3] were meager, however, the level of","title":"What Engineers Know and How They Know It"},{"psg_id":"4775235","text":"Party\" (credited to Denny Wright and the Hustlers), which was composed of cover versions of contemporary hits plus the self-penned \"Shout About Pepsi\", which later appeared on the 1995 Studio 2 compilation album \"The Sound Gallery\". Denny was shocked upon seeing the album's cover for the first time to discover that EMI had come up with the name \"The Hustlers\" for the session musicians who had made the record with Wright. Despite Wright telephoning his EMI contacts urgently to tell them what a Hustler meant in the United States, it was too late and the name was used. In the","title":"Denny Wright"},{"psg_id":"430919","text":"that is carried along with a stirring sense of velocity and momentum\". However, praise was not unanimous for the album, with the American rock magazine \"Spin\" giving it a rating of three out of five stars. At the New York Comic Con, on 10 October 2010, English film director Joe Wright announced that The Chemical Brothers would be scoring the soundtrack to his upcoming film, \"Hanna\". Wright, who had worked with The Chemical Brothers in the past as a member of the visual company Vegetable Vision, stated that he was \"very excited to finally ... work with a more modern","title":"The Chemical Brothers"},{"psg_id":"16342479","text":"What Yo Name Iz? \"What Yo Name Iz?\" is the debut single by American rapper Kirko Bangz. The Sound M.O.B. produced song was featured on his mixtape \"Procrastination Kills 3\" (2011). It's also Kirko Bangz's first song to chart on the US \"Billboard\" charts. The official remix to \"What Yo Name Iz?\" features Wale, Big Sean, and Bun B. The remix was released on , before the original version. Maxrank also made a remix for this song. \"What Yo Name Iz?\" was the first song by Kirko Bangz to chart on the billboard charts. It debuted at number 97 on","title":"What Yo Name Iz?"},{"psg_id":"19789527","text":"What a Beautiful Name \"What a Beautiful Name\" is a song by Australian praise and worship group Hillsong Worship. The song, written and led by Brooke Ligertwood and co-written with Ben Fielding, refers to the promise of salvation through Jesus Christ as represented by His Holy Name. The \"genre-smashing single\" contributed to Hillsong being named \"Billboard\"s Top Christian Artist of 2017. \"What a Beautiful Name\" won two Dove Awards for Song of the Year and Worship Song of the Year in 2017. It won the 2018 Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song. \"What a Beautiful Name\" was released","title":"What a Beautiful Name"},{"psg_id":"5650862","text":"Hill. Inscribed in capital letters along the base of the memorial tower is the phrase \"In commemoration of the conquest of the air by the brothers Wilbur and Orville Wright conceived by genius achieved by dauntless resolution and unconquerable faith.\" Atop the tower is a marine beacon, similar to one found in a lighthouse. The doors of the tower are stainless steel over nickel, with a price of $3,000 in 1928. The six relief panels represent the conquest of the air: Left Door (top to bottom): The contraptions of the French locksmith Besnier, who thought he could fly if he","title":"Wright Brothers National Memorial"},{"psg_id":"13124358","text":"used ailerons. Curtiss refused to pay license fees to the Wrights and sold an airplane to the Aeronautic Society of New York in 1909. The Wrights filed a lawsuit, beginning a years-long legal conflict. They also sued foreign aviators who flew at U.S. exhibitions, including the leading French aviator Louis Paulhan. The Curtiss people derisively suggested that if someone jumped in the air and waved his arms, the Wrights would sue. The brothers' licensed European companies, which owned foreign patents the Wrights had received, sued manufacturers in their countries. The European lawsuits were only partly successful. Despite a pro-Wright ruling","title":"Wright brothers patent war"},{"psg_id":"9467379","text":"a large group of armed men, and both brothers were killed in the ensuing firefight. John and Christopher Wright were born to Robert Wright and his second wife, Ursula Rudston, daughter of Nicholas and Jane Rudston of Hayton. John was baptised at Welwick in Yorkshire, on 16 January 1568, and Christopher was born in 1570. Their sister, Martha, married Thomas Percy in 1591. The brothers were pupils at St Peter's School in York, along with Guy Fawkes, whose name has become synonymous with the Gunpowder Plot. Although outwardly conformist, the school's headmaster John Pulleine came from a notable family of","title":"John and Christopher Wright"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19696495\",\n \"text\": \"McCullough recalled, \\\"I didn't know when (chronologically) I was going to end that book, and who do I run into in France but the Wright brothers.\\\" He continued, \\\"I was delighted to find that Wilbur, at every chance, went to the Louvre to look at paintings, and the degree that he was moved by the great Gothic works of France was far beyond that of an ordinary tourist. [...] Much of what has been written about the Wright brothers (in French) has been ignored. That's what pulled me into doing the book.\\\" McCullough has had a lifelong interest in aviation.\",\n \"title\": \"The Wright Brothers (book)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19696494\",\n \"text\": \"The Wright Brothers (book) The Wright Brothers is a 2015 non-fiction book written by the popular historian David McCullough and published by Simon & Schuster. It is a history of the American inventors and aviation pioneers Orville and Wilbur Wright. The book was on \\\"The New York Times\\\" Non-Fiction Best Sellers list for seven weeks in 2015. McCullough first became interested in writing a book on the Wright brothers while researching for his book \\\"The Greater Journey\\\", which explored the history of various notable Americans who lived in Paris during the 19th century. In an interview with \\\"The Seattle Times\\\",\",\n \"title\": \"The Wright Brothers (book)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19696501\",\n \"text\": \"strengths he values so much in American life.\\\" Buzzy Jackson of \\\"The Boston Globe\\\" similarly described it as \\\"a tidy and relatively short history\\\" of the Wright brothers and praised the author's attention to detail, despite noting, \\\"While there is much to like here, McCullough's gee-whiz attitude toward America's favorite flying Boy Scouts does feel a bit retro.\\\" The Wright Brothers (book) The Wright Brothers is a 2015 non-fiction book written by the popular historian David McCullough and published by Simon & Schuster. It is a history of the American inventors and aviation pioneers Orville and Wilbur Wright. The book\",\n \"title\": \"The Wright Brothers (book)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6751094\",\n \"text\": \"Dayton–Wright Brothers Airport Dayton–Wright Brothers Airport is a public airport located 10 miles (16 km) south of the central business district of Dayton, Ohio, located mainly in Miami Township, Montgomery County and partly in Clearcreek Township, Warren County, near the suburb of Springboro. It is owned and operated by the City of Dayton and serves as the reliever airport for Dayton International Airport. It mainly serves corporate and personal aircraft users. The airport's identifying code, MGY, is a reference to its former name of Montgomery County Airport. Dayton–Wright Brothers Airport covers an area of which contains one asphalt paved runway\",\n \"title\": \"Dayton–Wright Brothers Airport\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689029\",\n \"text\": \"Wright brothers The Wright brothers, Orville (August 19, 1871 – January 30, 1948) and Wilbur (April 16, 1867 – May 30, 1912), were two American aviators, engineers, inventors, and aviation pioneers who are generally credited with inventing, building, and flying the world's first successful airplane. They made the first controlled, sustained flight of a powered, heavier-than-air aircraft on December 17, 1903, four miles south of Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. In 1904–05 the brothers developed their flying machine into the first practical fixed-wing aircraft. Although not the first to build experimental aircraft, the Wright brothers were the first to invent aircraft\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19696500\",\n \"text\": \"to relive the past.\\\" Bob Hoover of the \\\"Star Tribune\\\" was slightly more critical of the work, remarking, \\\"Although this new biography, \\\"The Wright Brothers\\\", refreshes their often-told story in McCullough's upbeat, minutely researched manner, something's lacking — interesting characters. While the brothers accomplished their goal of powered flight, they missed out on the stuff that makes life interesting — relationships, children, hobbies, fun and, most of all, self-reflection.\\\" He concluded, \\\"Despite their old-fashioned manners and plain style, the Wright brothers were reticent and difficult people, traits that McCullough seemed unwilling to explore in his search for the virtues and\",\n \"title\": \"The Wright Brothers (book)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689033\",\n \"text\": \"they did not have the business skills or temperament to dominate the growing aviation industry. The Wright brothers were two of seven children born to Milton Wright (1828–1917), of English and Dutch ancestry, and Susan Catherine Koerner (1831–1889), of German and Swiss ancestry. Milton Wright's mother, Catherine Reeder, was descended from the progenitor of the Vanderbilt family and the Huguenot Gano family of New Rochelle, New York. Wilbur was born near Millville, Indiana, in 1867; Orville in Dayton, Ohio, in 1871. The brothers never married. The other Wright siblings were Reuchlin (1861–1920), Lorin (1862–1939), Katharine (1874–1929), and twins Otis and\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689143\",\n \"text\": \"the Wright brothers and their world-changing inventions—Ohio because the brothers developed and built their design in Dayton, and North Carolina because Kitty Hawk was the site of the Wrights' first powered flight. With a spirit of friendly rivalry, Ohio adopted the slogan \\\"Birthplace of Aviation\\\" (later \\\"Birthplace of Aviation Pioneers\\\", recognizing not only the Wrights, but also astronauts John Glenn and Neil Armstrong, both Ohio natives). The slogan appears on Ohio license plates. North Carolina uses the slogan \\\"First In Flight\\\" on its license plates. The site of the first flights in North Carolina is preserved as Wright Brothers National\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689092\",\n \"text\": \"or scorned, the Wright brothers continued their work in semi-obscurity, while other aviation pioneers like Santos-Dumont, Henri Farman, Léon Delagrange and American Glenn Curtiss entered the limelight. In 1906 skeptics in the European aviation community had converted the press to an anti-Wright brothers stance. European newspapers, especially those in France, were openly derisive, calling them \\\"bluffeurs\\\" (bluffers). Ernest Archdeacon, founder of the Aéro-Club de France, was publicly scornful of the brothers' claims in spite of published reports; specifically, he wrote several articles and, in 1906, stated that \\\"the French would make the first public demonstration of powered flight\\\". The Paris\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689125\",\n \"text\": \"flew unmanned powered fixed-wing model aircraft in 1896 and 1903. Two tests of his manned full-size motor-driven Aerodrome in October and December 1903, however, were complete failures. Nevertheless, the Smithsonian later proudly displayed the Aerodrome in its museum as the first heavier-than-air craft \\\"capable\\\" of manned powered flight, relegating the Wright brothers' invention to secondary status and triggering a decades-long feud with Orville Wright, whose brother had received help from the Smithsonian when beginning his own quest for flight. (Ironically, the Wright brothers were the initial recipients of the Samuel P. Langley Medal for Aerodromics from the Smithsonian in 1910.)\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689113\",\n \"text\": \"from a legal threat. Promoters of approved shows paid fees to the Wrights. The Wright brothers won their initial case against Curtiss in February 1913 when a judge ruled that ailerons were covered under the patent. The Curtiss company appealed the decision. From 1910 until his death from typhoid fever in 1912, Wilbur took the leading role in the patent struggle, traveling incessantly to consult with lawyers and testify in what he felt was a moral cause, particularly against Curtiss, who was creating a large company to manufacture aircraft. The Wrights' preoccupation with the legal issue stifled their work on\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1968413\",\n \"text\": \"of the anniversary of the Wright brothers' first flight. Wright Brothers flights of 1909 Airplane inventors Wilbur and Orville Wright are famed for making the first controlled, powered, heavier-than-air flights on 17 December 1903 at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. Lesser-known are other flights of theirs which played an important role at the dawn of aviation history. In 1909 Wilbur was invited by the Hudson-Fulton Celebration Committee to make paid exhibition flights to help mark 300 years of New York history, including Henry Hudson discovering Manhattan and Robert Fulton starting a successful commercial steamboat service on the Hudson River. The committee\",\n \"title\": \"Wright Brothers flights of 1909\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689130\",\n \"text\": \"under its own power in controlled flight.\\\" If this agreement is not fulfilled, the Flyer can be reclaimed by the heir of the Wright brothers. Some aviation buffs, particularly those who promote the legacy of Gustave Whitehead, now accuse the Smithsonian of refusing to investigate claims of earlier flights. After a ceremony in the Smithsonian museum, the Flyer went on public display on December 17, 1948, the 45th anniversary of the only day it was flown successfully. The Wright brothers' nephew Milton (Lorin's son), who had seen gliders and the Flyer under construction in the bicycle shop when he was\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8343106\",\n \"text\": \"Trials), and Neil Diamond's \\\"Solaimon/Brother Love\\\". Wright Brothers Band The Wright Brothers Band, formerly known as the Wright Brothers Overland Stage Company, formed in 1972, is an Indiana based music group. They perform songs from the 1920s to the present day, and can cover bluegrass, pop standards, country, gospel, and even Aerosmith rock standards. The band briefly gained national attention with their patriotic song \\\"Made in the U.S.A.\\\" which celebrated companies that continued to manufacture their products in the United States. They performed on the Grand Ole Opry, The Today Show and appeared 12 times on Nashville Now. Signed with\",\n \"title\": \"Wright Brothers Band\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8343104\",\n \"text\": \"Wright Brothers Band The Wright Brothers Band, formerly known as the Wright Brothers Overland Stage Company, formed in 1972, is an Indiana based music group. They perform songs from the 1920s to the present day, and can cover bluegrass, pop standards, country, gospel, and even Aerosmith rock standards. The band briefly gained national attention with their patriotic song \\\"Made in the U.S.A.\\\" which celebrated companies that continued to manufacture their products in the United States. They performed on the Grand Ole Opry, The Today Show and appeared 12 times on Nashville Now. Signed with Warner Bros. and Mercury records in\",\n \"title\": \"Wright Brothers Band\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12959004\",\n \"text\": \"recipient was Colleen Barrett, President Emeritus of Southwest Airlines. The most recent winner of the Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy, in 2017, was John R. Dailey. Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy The Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy was established by the National Aeronautic Association (NAA) in 1948 after a trust fund was created in 1936 by Godfrey Lowell Cabot of Boston, a former president of the NAA. It is awarded to a living American for \\\"significant public service of enduring value to aviation in the United States.\\\" The presentation of the award is made annually at the Aero Club of Washington, as close\",\n \"title\": \"Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12959002\",\n \"text\": \"Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy The Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy was established by the National Aeronautic Association (NAA) in 1948 after a trust fund was created in 1936 by Godfrey Lowell Cabot of Boston, a former president of the NAA. It is awarded to a living American for \\\"significant public service of enduring value to aviation in the United States.\\\" The presentation of the award is made annually at the Aero Club of Washington, as close as possible to December 17 each year, the day on which, in 1903, the Wright brothers made the first flight in an airplane. The inaugural\",\n \"title\": \"Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6751096\",\n \"text\": \"runway lighting (MIRL) and a visual approach slope indicator (VASI), 68 T-hangars, 6 conventional hangars, . maintenance facility and administration building. On the airport grounds is a replica of the Wright brothers' Huffman Prairie hangar, containing a museum and replica Wright B Flyer. The museum is open to the public during limited hours. Dayton–Wright Brothers Airport Dayton–Wright Brothers Airport is a public airport located 10 miles (16 km) south of the central business district of Dayton, Ohio, located mainly in Miami Township, Montgomery County and partly in Clearcreek Township, Warren County, near the suburb of Springboro. It is owned and\",\n \"title\": \"Dayton–Wright Brothers Airport\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5650869\",\n \"text\": \"the Wright Brothers along with members of the Kill Devils Hills Life-Saving Station who assisted in moving the aircraft, as well as John T. Daniels who took the now famous photograph of the first flight. Curiously the sculpture correctly has a criss-crossed chain driving the port propeller but incorrectly has this propeller being identical to, rather than a mirror image of, the starboard propeller. Wright Brothers National Memorial Wright Brothers National Memorial, located in Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina, commemorates the first successful, sustained, powered flights in a heavier-than-air machine. From 1900 to 1903, Wilbur and Orville Wright came here\",\n \"title\": \"Wright Brothers National Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689144\",\n \"text\": \"Memorial, while their Ohio facilities are part of Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park. As the positions of both states can be factually defended, and each played a significant role in the history of flight, neither state has an exclusive claim to the Wrights' accomplishment. Notwithstanding the competition between those two states, in 1937 the Wrights' final bicycle shop and home were moved from Dayton to Greenfield Village in Dearborn, Michigan, where they remain. Notes Citations Wright brothers The Wright brothers, Orville (August 19, 1871 – January 30, 1948) and Wilbur (April 16, 1867 – May 30, 1912), were two\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689093\",\n \"text\": \"edition of the \\\"New York Herald\\\" summed up Europe's opinion of the Wright brothers in an editorial on February 10, 1906: \\\"The Wrights have flown or they have not flown. They possess a machine or they do not possess one. They are in fact either fliers or liars. It is difficult to fly. It's easy to say, 'We have flown.'\\\" In 1908, after the Wrights' first flights in France, Archdeacon publicly admitted that he had done them an injustice. The Wright brothers made no flights at all in 1906 and 1907. They spent the time attempting to persuade the U.S.\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18749336\",\n \"text\": \"What the Brothers Sang What the Brothers Sang is an album by Dawn McCarthy (of Faun Fables) and Bonnie 'Prince' Billy. The album was released on February 19, 2013. The album features covers of songs that appeared on albums by The Everly Brothers. The duo preceded this album with the \\\"Christmas Eve Can Kill You\\\" 7\\\" single in late 2012, also featuring two covers of songs earlier performed by the Everlys. What the Brothers Sang was the first of three major albums released in 2013 to feature Everly Brothers covers in their entirety, the second being A Date with the\",\n \"title\": \"What the Brothers Sang\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3108937\",\n \"text\": \"The Hanson Brothers (band) The Hanson Brothers were a Canadian punk rock band formed in 1984 in Victoria and later based in Vancouver. The group included John and Rob Wright and Tom Holliston, all members of the punk rock band Nomeansno. The Hanson Brothers' band name references characters in the cult ice hockey film \\\"Slap Shot\\\". From 1984 to 1989, the Wright brothers and original NoMeansNo guitarist Andy Kerr performed Ramones cover sets sporadically under the name The Hanson Brothers. The Hanson Brothers later began to write \\\"their own Ramones songs\\\". At this time John Wright played drums and the\",\n \"title\": \"The Hanson Brothers (band)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3108941\",\n \"text\": \"in 2014. Citations The Hanson Brothers (band) The Hanson Brothers were a Canadian punk rock band formed in 1984 in Victoria and later based in Vancouver. The group included John and Rob Wright and Tom Holliston, all members of the punk rock band Nomeansno. The Hanson Brothers' band name references characters in the cult ice hockey film \\\"Slap Shot\\\". From 1984 to 1989, the Wright brothers and original NoMeansNo guitarist Andy Kerr performed Ramones cover sets sporadically under the name The Hanson Brothers. The Hanson Brothers later began to write \\\"their own Ramones songs\\\". At this time John Wright played\",\n \"title\": \"The Hanson Brothers (band)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689107\",\n \"text\": \"of the Wright brothers in America. On May 25, 1910, back at Huffman Prairie, Orville piloted two unique flights. First, he took off on a six-minute flight with Wilbur as his passenger, the only time the Wright brothers ever flew together. They received permission from their father to make the flight. They had always promised Milton they would never fly together to avoid the chance of a double tragedy and to ensure one brother would remain to continue their experiments. Next, Orville took his 82-year-old father on a nearly seven-minute flight, the only one of Milton Wright's life. The aircraft\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689117\",\n \"text\": \"UK had been known in the period 1903–1906. The patent, titled \\\"Aërial Locomotion &c,\\\" described several engine improvements and conceptual designs and included a technical description and drawings of an aileron control system and an optional feature intended to function as an autopilot. In fact, this patent was well-known to participants in the Wright-Curtiss lawsuit. A U.S. federal judge who reviewed previous inventions and patents and upheld the Wright patent against the Curtiss company reached the opposite conclusion of Gibbs-Smith, saying the Boulton patent \\\"is not anticipatory\\\". The lawsuits damaged the public image of the Wright brothers, who were generally\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13124352\",\n \"text\": \"Wright brothers patent war The Wright brothers patent war centers on the patent they received for their method of an airplane's flight control. The Wright brothers were two Americans who are widely credited with inventing and building the world's first flyable airplane and making the first controlled, powered and sustained heavier-than-air human flight on December 17, 1903. In 1906, the Wrights received a patent for their method of flight control which they fiercely defended for years afterward, suing foreign and domestic aviators and companies, especially another U.S. aviation pioneer, Glenn Curtiss, in an attempt to collect licensing fees. Even after\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers patent war\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5650857\",\n \"text\": \"Wright Brothers National Memorial Wright Brothers National Memorial, located in Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina, commemorates the first successful, sustained, powered flights in a heavier-than-air machine. From 1900 to 1903, Wilbur and Orville Wright came here from Dayton, Ohio, based on information from the U.S. Weather Bureau about the area's steady winds. They also valued the privacy provided by this location, which in the early twentieth century was remote from major population centers. Authorized as Kill Devil Hill Monument on March 2, 1927, it was transferred from the War Department to the National Park Service on August 10, 1933. Congress\",\n \"title\": \"Wright Brothers National Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13124370\",\n \"text\": \"system of wing warping at precisely the same time as the Wrights, and was routinely requested during the middle of the Wright Brothers patent war to make the Montgomery patent available more broadly to other aviators for the specific purpose of avoiding the Wright Brothers' patent. New Zealander Richard Pearse may have made a powered flight in a monoplane that included small ailerons as early as 1902, but his claims are controversial (and sometimes inconsistent), and, even by his own reports, his aircraft were not well controlled. Robert Esnault-Pelterie, a Frenchman, built a Wright-style glider in 1904 that used ailerons\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers patent war\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689118\",\n \"text\": \"regarded before this as heroes. Critics said the brothers were greedy and unfair and compared their actions unfavorably to European inventors, who worked more openly. Supporters said the brothers were protecting their interests and were justified in expecting fair compensation for the years of work leading to their successful invention. Their 10-year friendship with Octave Chanute, already strained by tension over how much credit, if any, he might deserve for their success, collapsed after he publicly criticized their actions. The Wright Company was incorporated on November 22, 1909. The brothers sold their patents to the company for $100,000 and also\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689108\",\n \"text\": \"rose to about while the elderly Wright called to his son, \\\"Higher, Orville, higher!\\\" The Wright brothers wrote their 1903 patent application themselves, but it was rejected. In January 1904 they hired Ohio patent attorney Henry Toulmin, and on May 22, 1906, they were granted U.S. Patent 821393 for \\\"new and useful Improvements in Flying Machines\\\". The patent illustrates a non-powered flying machine—namely, the 1902 glider. The patent's importance lies in its claim of a new and useful method of \\\"controlling\\\" a flying machine, powered or not. The technique of wing-warping is described, but the patent explicitly states that other\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18749337\",\n \"text\": \"Everly Brothers by the Chapin Sisters and the third being Foreverly by Billie Joe Armstrong and Norah Jones. The album received generally favorable reviews, with a cumulative score of 77/100 based on 16 reviews on the Metacritic review aggregator website. What the Brothers Sang What the Brothers Sang is an album by Dawn McCarthy (of Faun Fables) and Bonnie 'Prince' Billy. The album was released on February 19, 2013. The album features covers of songs that appeared on albums by The Everly Brothers. The duo preceded this album with the \\\"Christmas Eve Can Kill You\\\" 7\\\" single in late 2012,\",\n \"title\": \"What the Brothers Sang\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689040\",\n \"text\": \"by Otto Lilienthal in Germany. 1896 brought three important aeronautical events. In May, Smithsonian Institution Secretary Samuel Langley successfully flew an unmanned steam-powered fixed-wing model aircraft. In mid-year, Chicago engineer and aviation authority Octave Chanute brought together several men who tested various types of gliders over the sand dunes along the shore of Lake Michigan. In August, Lilienthal was killed in the plunge of his glider. These events lodged in the minds of the brothers, especially Lilienthal's death. The Wright brothers later cited his death as the point when their serious interest in flight research began. Wilbur said, \\\"Lilienthal was\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689142\",\n \"text\": \"the Wright brothers argue that proven, repeated, controlled, and sustained flights by the brothers entitle them to credit as inventors of the airplane, regardless of those techniques. The late aviation historian Charles Harvard Gibbs-Smith was a supporter of the Wrights' claim to primacy in flight. He wrote that a barn door can be made to \\\"fly\\\" for a short distance if enough energy is applied to it; he determined that the very limited flight experiments of Ader, Vuia and others were \\\"powered hops\\\" instead of fully controlled flights. The U.S. states of Ohio and North Carolina both take credit for\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689059\",\n \"text\": \"but were \\\"as critical to the ultimate success of the Wright brothers as were the gliders.\\\" The devices allowed the brothers to balance lift against drag and accurately calculate the performance of each wing. They could also see which wings worked well as they looked through the viewing window in the top of the tunnel. The tests yielded a trove of valuable data never before known and showed that the poor lift of the 1900 and 1901 gliders was entirely due to an incorrect Smeaton value, and that Lilienthal's published data were fairly accurate for the tests he had done.\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689030\",\n \"text\": \"controls that made fixed-wing powered flight possible. The brothers' fundamental breakthrough was their invention of three-axis control, which enabled the pilot to steer the aircraft effectively and to maintain its equilibrium. This method became and remains standard on fixed-wing aircraft of all kinds. From the beginning of their aeronautical work, the Wright brothers focused on developing a reliable method of pilot control as the key to solving \\\"the flying problem\\\". This approach differed significantly from other experimenters of the time who put more emphasis on developing powerful engines. Using a small homebuilt wind tunnel, the Wrights also collected more accurate\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689101\",\n \"text\": \"a long time, the Wright brothers have been accused in Europe of bluff ... They are today hallowed in France, and I feel an intense pleasure ... to make amends.\\\" On October 7, 1908, Edith Berg, the wife of the brothers' European business agent, became the first American woman passenger when she flew with Wilbur—one of many passengers who rode with him that autumn. Wilbur also became acquainted with Léon Bollée and his family. Bollée was the owner of an automobile factory where Wilbur would assemble the Flyer and where he would be provided with hired assistance. Bollée would fly\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5650860\",\n \"text\": \"wing of the Visitor Center is a life-size replica of the Wright brothers' 1903 Flyer, the first powered heavier-than-air aircraft in history to achieve controlled flight (the original being displayed at the National Air and Space Museum in Washington D.C.). A full-scale model of the Brothers' 1902 glider is also present, having been constructed under the direction of Orville Wright himself. Adorning the walls of the glider room are portraits and photographs of other flight pioneers throughout history. The visitor center's Modern design was a departure from the National Park Service's earlier, more traditional buildings, and was built as part\",\n \"title\": \"Wright Brothers National Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13124366\",\n \"text\": \"the duration of the war, but in 1918 the litigation was never renewed. By this time, Wilbur had died (in May 1912) and Orville had sold his interest in the Wright Company to a group of New York financiers (in October 1915) and retired from the business . The \\\"patent war\\\" had come to an end. The lawsuits damaged the public image of the Wright brothers, who previously had been generally regarded as heroes. Critics said the brothers' actions may have retarded the development of aviation, and compared their actions unfavorably to European inventors, who worked more openly. The Manufacturers\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers patent war\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689141\",\n \"text\": \"Guardsman who took their famous first flight photo, died the day after Orville. First flight claims are made for Clément Ader, Gustave Whitehead, Richard Pearse, and Karl Jatho for their variously documented tests in years prior to and including 1903. Claims that the first true flight occurred after 1903 are made for Traian Vuia and Alberto Santos-Dumont. Supporters of the post-Wright pioneers argue that techniques used by the Wright brothers disqualify them as first to make successful airplane flights. Those techniques were: a launch rail; skids instead of wheels; a headwind at takeoff; and a catapult after 1903. Supporters of\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13124372\",\n \"text\": \"flight control system, used wingtip ailerons for its roll control in its flights in France in 1908. In 1908, U.S. inventor, businessman and engine builder Glenn Curtiss flew an aileron-controlled aircraft. Curtiss was a member of the Aerial Experiment Association, headed by Alexander Graham Bell. The Association developed ailerons for their June Bug aircraft, in which Curtiss made the first officially recognized kilometer-plus flight in the U.S. In 1911, the AEA's version of ailerons received a patent. Wright brothers patent war The Wright brothers patent war centers on the patent they received for their method of an airplane's flight control.\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers patent war\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13124368\",\n \"text\": \"in the American lawsuit — English inventor Matthew Piers Watt Boulton first patented ailerons. Boulton's patent, No. 392, awarded in 1868 some 40 years before ailerons were 'reinvented', became forgotten until the aileron was in general use. Aviation historian Charles Gibbs-Smith stated that if Boulton's ailerons had been revealed at the time of the Wright Brothers' patent filings, the brothers might not have been able to claim priority of invention for lateral control of flying machines. U.S. District Judge John R. Hazel, who heard the Wright lawsuit against Curtiss, found to the contrary, ruling in 1913 that Boulton's \\\"assertions and\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers patent war\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13124359\",\n \"text\": \"in France, legal maneuvering dragged on until the patent expired in 1917. A German court ruled the patent not valid due to prior disclosure in speeches by Wilbur Wright in 1901 and Octave Chanute in 1903. In the U.S. the Wrights made an agreement with the Aero Club of America to license airshows which the Club approved, freeing participating pilots from a legal threat. Promoters of approved shows paid fees to the Wrights. The Wright brothers won their initial case against Curtiss in February 1913, but the decision was appealed. The brothers wrote to Samuel F Cody in the UK,\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers patent war\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689039\",\n \"text\": \"ground-breaking African-American poet and writer. For a brief period the Wrights printed the \\\"Dayton Tattler\\\", a weekly newspaper that Dunbar edited. Capitalizing on the national bicycle craze (spurred by the invention of the safety bicycle and its substantial advantages over the penny-farthing design), in December 1892 the brothers opened a repair and sales shop (the Wright Cycle Exchange, later the Wright Cycle Company) and in 1896 began manufacturing their own brand. They used this endeavor to fund their growing interest in flight. In the early or mid-1890s they saw newspaper or magazine articles and probably photographs of the dramatic glides\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1968404\",\n \"text\": \"Wright Brothers flights of 1909 Airplane inventors Wilbur and Orville Wright are famed for making the first controlled, powered, heavier-than-air flights on 17 December 1903 at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. Lesser-known are other flights of theirs which played an important role at the dawn of aviation history. In 1909 Wilbur was invited by the Hudson-Fulton Celebration Committee to make paid exhibition flights to help mark 300 years of New York history, including Henry Hudson discovering Manhattan and Robert Fulton starting a successful commercial steamboat service on the Hudson River. The committee wanted the Wrights to demonstrate flights over the water\",\n \"title\": \"Wright Brothers flights of 1909\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689098\",\n \"text\": \"He emerged with only bruises and a cut nose, but the accident ended the practice flights—and the airplane's flying career. In October 1911, Orville Wright returned to the Outer Banks again, to conduct safety and stabilization tests with a new glider. On October 24, he soared for nine minutes and 45 seconds, a record that held for almost 10 years, when gliding as a sport began in the 1920s. The brothers' contracts with the U.S. Army and a French syndicate depended on successful public flight demonstrations that met certain conditions. The brothers had to divide their efforts. Wilbur sailed for\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19696497\",\n \"text\": \"and the truly admirable human qualities that they personified, I would have wanted to write the book even if they hadn't succeeded in inventing the flying machine.\\\" \\\"The Wright Brothers\\\" has been praised by literary critics and historians. Janet Maslin of \\\"The New York Times\\\" described it as a \\\"concise, exciting and fact-packed book [that] sees the easy segue between bicycling and aerial locomotion, which at that point was mostly a topic for bird fanciers and dreamers.\\\" She added, \\\"Mr. McCullough presents all this with dignified panache, and with detail so granular you may wonder how it was all collected.\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"The Wright Brothers (book)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19696496\",\n \"text\": \"In an interview with the \\\"Santa Barbara Independent\\\", he remarked, \\\"I loved to make model airplanes when I was a young boy and I took flying lessons later on; I would have continued if they weren’t so expensive. But I have to say in all candor that I knew very little about [the Wright brothers]. I knew they were from Ohio, I knew they were bicycles mechanics, and I knew they invented the airplane. But I really didn’t know anything beyond that of any substance...\\\" He added, \\\"Once I got into their lives and into all that they went through\",\n \"title\": \"The Wright Brothers (book)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16676012\",\n \"text\": \"Wright Brothers Master Pilot Award The Wright Brothers Master Pilot Award was instituted by the United States Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) on October 11, 2003, to recognize pilots who have practiced safe flight operations continuously for 50 or more years during the course of their aviation careers. The award consists of a certificate and a pin, and consolidates other aviation awards presented by the FAA district offices. Eligibility for the award includes: Nominations are submitted by a formal application form that must be accompanied by three letters of recommendation from other FAA-certified pilots, attesting to the nominee's record. Photocopies of\",\n \"title\": \"Wright Brothers Master Pilot Award\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16676013\",\n \"text\": \"required certifications and documentations also must accompany the application. As of 2012, over 2,000 certified pilots have been honored with the award. Wright Brothers Master Pilot Award The Wright Brothers Master Pilot Award was instituted by the United States Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) on October 11, 2003, to recognize pilots who have practiced safe flight operations continuously for 50 or more years during the course of their aviation careers. The award consists of a certificate and a pin, and consolidates other aviation awards presented by the FAA district offices. Eligibility for the award includes: Nominations are submitted by a formal\",\n \"title\": \"Wright Brothers Master Pilot Award\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19696498\",\n \"text\": \"In \\\"The New York Review of Books\\\", the novelist James Salter wrote, \\\"Having twice won both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize for his best-selling histories and biographies, McCullough is a much-loved dean of Americana, and his new book, a dual biography, has a warm appeal.\\\" Writing in \\\"The Washington Post\\\", Reeve Lindbergh, daughter of the famed aviator Charles Lindbergh, called \\\"The Wright Brothers\\\" a \\\"superb new book\\\" and wrote, \\\"McCullough's magical account of their early adventures — enhanced by volumes of family correspondence, written records, and his own deep understanding of the country and the era —\",\n \"title\": \"The Wright Brothers (book)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19696499\",\n \"text\": \"shows as never before how two Ohio boys from a remarkable family taught the world to fly.\\\" Bruce Watson of the \\\"San Francisco Chronicle\\\" observed, \\\"\\\"The Wright Brothers\\\" will do more than help Americans tell Orville from Wilbur. Fighting the persistent myth of invention's 'aha' moment, McCullough shows the importance of experiment, error and inspiration in nature. Although they studied early gliders, Orville and Wilbur also watched birds. 'Learning the secret of flight from a bird,' Orville said, 'is a good deal like learning the secret of magic from a magician.' Likewise, to learn history from a master storyteller is\",\n \"title\": \"The Wright Brothers (book)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689071\",\n \"text\": \"several engine manufacturers, but none could meet their need for a sufficiently lightweight powerplant. They turned to their shop mechanic, Charlie Taylor, who built an engine in just six weeks in close consultation with the brothers. To keep the weight down the engine block was cast from aluminum, a rare practice at the time. The Wright/Taylor engine had a primitive version of a carburetor, and had no fuel pump. Gasoline was gravity-fed from the fuel tank mounted on a wing strut into a chamber next to the cylinders where it was mixed with air: the fuel-air mixture was then vaporized\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689088\",\n \"text\": \"outside Ohio, and was often met with skepticism. The Paris edition of the \\\"Herald Tribune\\\" headlined a 1906 article on the Wrights \\\"FLYERS OR LIARS?\\\" In years to come Dayton newspapers would proudly celebrate the hometown Wright brothers as national heroes, but the local reporters somehow missed one of the most important stories in history as it was happening a few miles from their doorstep. James M. Cox, publisher at that time of the Dayton Daily News (later governor of Ohio and Democratic presidential nominee in 1920), expressed the attitude of newspapermen—and the public—in those days when he admitted years\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689121\",\n \"text\": \"at the Indianapolis Speedway on June 13. Before the year was over, pilots Ralph Johnstone and Arch Hoxsey died in air show crashes, and in November 1911 the brothers disbanded the team on which nine men had served (four other former team members died in crashes afterward). The Wright Company transported the first known commercial air cargo on November 7, 1910, by flying two bolts of dress silk from Dayton to Columbus, Ohio, for the Morehouse-Martens Department Store, which paid a $5,000 fee. Company pilot Phil Parmelee made the flight—which was more an exercise in advertising than a simple delivery—in\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689100\",\n \"text\": \"a pilot and the capability of his flying machine, which far surpassed those of all other pioneering aircraft and pilots of the day. The French public was thrilled by Wilbur's feats and flocked to the field by the thousands, and the Wright brothers instantly became world-famous. Former doubters issued apologies and effusive praise. \\\"L'Aérophile\\\" editor Georges Besançon wrote that the flights \\\"have completely dissipated all doubts. Not one of the former detractors of the Wrights dare question, today, the previous experiments of the men who were truly the first to fly ...\\\" Leading French aviation promoter Ernest Archdeacon wrote, \\\"For\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689050\",\n \"text\": \"surface. The brothers did not discover this principle, but took advantage of it. The better lift of a cambered surface compared to a flat one was first discussed scientifically by Sir George Cayley. Lilienthal, whose work the Wrights carefully studied, used cambered wings in his gliders, proving in flight the advantage over flat surfaces. The wooden uprights between the wings of the Wright glider were braced by wires in their own version of Chanute's modified Pratt truss, a bridge-building design he used for his biplane glider (initially built as a triplane). The Wrights mounted the horizontal elevator in front of\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689090\",\n \"text\": \"Balloon Factory. Capper and his wife were visiting the United States to investigate the aeronautical exhibits at the St. Louis World Fair, but had been given a letter of introduction to both Chanute and the Wrights by Patrick Alexander. Capper was very favorably impressed by the Wrights, who showed him photographs of their aircraft in flight. The Wright brothers were certainly complicit in the lack of attention they received. Fearful of competitors stealing their ideas, and still without a patent, they flew on only one more day after October 5. From then on, they refused to fly anywhere unless they\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689084\",\n \"text\": \"four circles. By the end of the year the brothers had accumulated about 50 minutes in the air in 105 flights over the rather soggy pasture, which, remarkably, is virtually unchanged today from its original condition and is now part of Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park, adjacent to Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. The Wrights scrapped the battered and much-repaired aircraft, but saved the engine, and in 1905 built a new airplane, the \\\"Flyer III\\\". Nevertheless, at first this Flyer offered the same marginal performance as the first two. Its maiden flight was on June 23 and the first few\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689082\",\n \"text\": \"Alberto Santos-Dumont). The Wright brothers did not have the luxury of being able to give away their invention; it was to be their livelihood. Thus, their secrecy intensified, encouraged by advice from their patent attorney, Henry Toulmin, not to reveal details of their machine. At Huffman Prairie, lighter winds made takeoffs harder, and they had to use a longer starting rail than the rail used at Kitty Hawk. The first flights in 1904 revealed problems with longitudinal stability, solved by adding ballast and lengthening the supports for the elevator. During the spring and summer they suffered many hard landings, often\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689078\",\n \"text\": \"wishes, a telegraph operator leaked their message to a Virginia newspaper, which concocted a highly inaccurate news article that was reprinted the next day in several newspapers elsewhere, including Dayton. The Wrights issued their own factual statement to the press in January. Nevertheless, the flights did not create public excitement—if people even knew about them—and the news soon faded. In Paris, however, Aero Club of France members, already stimulated by Chanute's reports of Wright gliding successes, took the news more seriously and increased their efforts to catch up to the brothers. Modern analysis by Professor Fred E. C. Culick and\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13885039\",\n \"text\": \"Robert Kelsell Wright Robert Kelsell Wright (1858–1908) was the third eldest son of Joseph & Ann Wright of Avenue Farm, Waverton, Cheshire, United Kingdoma. Robert obtained his middle name from his paternal grandmother Elizabeth Kelsell and did not follow his brothers, Jack Wright, Joseph Wright & Tom Wright into greyhound training. Robert started slipping at coursing events from 1881 at meetings around the country he successfully slipped the Waterloo Cup finals as an approved greyhound slipper in 1890, when he slipped the legendary Fullerton and again in 1895 when his brothers had trained the finalists. Coursing correspondents described the slipping\",\n \"title\": \"Robert Kelsell Wright\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689043\",\n \"text\": \"only reinforced their opinion that a reliable method of pilot control was the key to successful—and safe—flight. At the outset of their experiments they regarded control as the unsolved third part of \\\"the flying problem\\\". They believed sufficiently promising knowledge of the other two issues—wings and engines—already existed. The Wright brothers thus differed sharply from more experienced practitioners of the day, notably Clément Ader, Maxim and Langley who built powerful engines, attached them to airframes equipped with unproven control devices, and expected to take to the air with no previous flying experience. Although agreeing with Lilienthal's idea of practice, the\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689041\",\n \"text\": \"without question the greatest of the precursors, and the world owes to him a great debt.\\\" In May 1899 Wilbur wrote a letter to the Smithsonian Institution requesting information and publications about aeronautics. Drawing on the work of Sir George Cayley, Chanute, Lilienthal, Leonardo da Vinci, and Langley, they began their mechanical aeronautical experimentation that year. The Wright brothers always presented a unified image to the public, sharing equally in the credit for their invention. Biographers note that Wilbur took the initiative in 1899–1900, writing of \\\"my\\\" machine and \\\"my\\\" plans before Orville became deeply involved when the first person\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689046\",\n \"text\": \"one side seemed either undesirable or did not enter their thinking. Some of these other investigators, including Langley and Chanute, sought the elusive ideal of \\\"inherent stability\\\", believing the pilot of a flying machine would not be able to react quickly enough to wind disturbances to use mechanical controls effectively. The Wright brothers, on the other hand, wanted the pilot to have absolute control. For that reason, their early designs made no concessions toward built-in stability (such as dihedral wings). They deliberately designed their 1903 first powered flyer with anhedral (drooping) wings, which are inherently unstable, but less susceptible to\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689131\",\n \"text\": \"a boy, gave a brief speech and formally transferred the airplane to the Smithsonian, which displayed it with the accompanying label: Neither brother married. Wilbur once quipped that he did not have time for both a wife and an airplane. Following a brief training flight he gave to a German pilot in Berlin in June 1911, Wilbur never flew again. He gradually became occupied with business matters for the Wright Company and dealing with different lawsuits. Upon dealing with the patent lawsuits, which had put great strain on both brothers, Wilbur had written in a letter to a French friend,\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1958298\",\n \"text\": \"Third Street, where they officially started the Wright Cycle Exchange. They sold bicycles from $40 to $100. In addition to these sales, they rented bicycles, and sold parts and accessories. The brothers then moved the shop to 1015 West Third street, where they even had a newspaper ad for the Exchange. By the end of 1893 the shop was moved to 1034 West Third Street, where the name was changed from Wright Cycle Exchange to Wright Cycle Company. In 1895 the Wright Brothers moved to 22 South Williams Street, the only location of the six that is still standing today.\",\n \"title\": \"Wright Cycle Company\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4127883\",\n \"text\": \"raised more than $1 million in total for various charitable organizations. Delta Air Lines named an MD-88 airplane \\\"The Wright Flight\\\", after Wright. The plane's name, along with Wright's signature and jersey number (5), are next to the boarding door. The plane shuttles between New York, Boston and Washington. Wright is noted for his unaffected politeness and work ethic. He has been known to help participate with the Boys & Girls Clubs of America. He has developed a reputation for arriving very early to the park for games and being uncommonly accommodating with fans and reporters. Wright was featured on\",\n \"title\": \"David Wright\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5650859\",\n \"text\": \"years of gliding experiments from atop this and other nearby sand dunes. It is possible to walk along the actual routes of the four flights, with small monuments marking their starts and finishes. Two wooden sheds, based on historic photographs, recreate the world's first airplane hangar and the brothers' living quarters. The Visitor Center is home to a museum featuring models and actual tools and machines used by the Wright brothers during their flight experiments including a reproduction of the wind tunnel used to test wing shapes and a portion of the engine used in the first flight. In one\",\n \"title\": \"Wright Brothers National Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689120\",\n \"text\": \"an airplane easier to control, especially as higher speeds grew more common. The new version was designated the \\\"Model B\\\", although the original canard design was never referred to as the \\\"Model A\\\" by the Wrights. However, the U.S. Army Signal Corps which bought the airplane did call it \\\"Wright Type A\\\". There were not many customers for airplanes, so in the spring of 1910 the Wrights hired and trained a team of salaried exhibition pilots to show off their machines and win prize money for the company—despite Wilbur's disdain for what he called \\\"the mountebank business\\\". The team debuted\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1192829\",\n \"text\": \"post office charter was issued for Bismark, a name chosen by the Dierks brothers, the company founders, for a Nebraska town where they formerly operated a lumber outlet. The name of the town and post office changed to Wright during World War I because of public association of the Bismark name with that of the former German chancellor, Otto von Bismarck, despite the discrepancy in spelling. Wright City, Oklahoma Wright City is a town in McCurtain County, Oklahoma, United States, along the Little River. The population was 762 at the 2010 census, a decline of about 10 percent from 848\",\n \"title\": \"Wright City, Oklahoma\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10426106\",\n \"text\": \"Dayton-Wright Company The Dayton-Wright Company was formed in 1917, on the declaration of war between the United States and Germany, by a group of Ohio investors that included Charles F. Kettering and Edward A. Deeds of Dayton Engineering Laboratories Company (DELCO). Orville Wright lent his name and served as a consultant, but other than that, location of one of its three factories in the original Wright Company factory buildings in Dayton, Ohio was the only connection to the Wright brothers. In addition to plant 3 (the former Wright Company buildings), Dayton-Wright operated factories in Moraine (plant 1, the main factory)\",\n \"title\": \"Dayton-Wright Company\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2135577\",\n \"text\": \"under the Wright name, from the earliest test craft to the last products of the company before it merged with Martin. Note that only the aircraft built from the Model B onwards were built by the Wright Company itself. Wright Company The Wright Company was the commercial aviation business venture of the Wright Brothers, established by them on November 22, 1909, in conjunction with several prominent industrialists from New York and Detroit with the intention of capitalizing on their invention of the practical airplane. The company maintained its headquarters office in New York City and built its factory in Dayton,\",\n \"title\": \"Wright Company\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8343105\",\n \"text\": \"the eighties, the Wright Brothers had nine singles reach Billboard's Hot Country Singles chart. The band also recorded \\\"Shot Down in Hot Blood\\\" and a cover of \\\"Jim Dandy\\\" for the soundtrack of the 1987 Goldie Hawn movie \\\"Overboard\\\", in which they also made a live appearance. The band's first three albums, \\\"Cornfield Cowboys\\\", \\\"Memorablia Box\\\", and \\\"Third Phonograph Album\\\" were collected into a box set called \\\"Anthology\\\" first on vinyl and then on CD. \\\"Memorabilia Box\\\" featured live medleys of Harry Nillson's \\\"The Rainmaker\\\" with their own \\\"Dawson\\\", Mickey Newbury's \\\"An American Trilogy\\\" (Battle Hymn of the Republic/Dixie/All My\",\n \"title\": \"Wright Brothers Band\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13885040\",\n \"text\": \"as being performed with great success. Married in 1903 in Chester he died at Well House Farm, Waverton, Cheshire aged 49 years old. His photograph appears in Blanning & Prescott's: The Waterloo Cup, The First 150 Years. Robert Kelsell Wright Robert Kelsell Wright (1858–1908) was the third eldest son of Joseph & Ann Wright of Avenue Farm, Waverton, Cheshire, United Kingdoma. Robert obtained his middle name from his paternal grandmother Elizabeth Kelsell and did not follow his brothers, Jack Wright, Joseph Wright & Tom Wright into greyhound training. Robert started slipping at coursing events from 1881 at meetings around the\",\n \"title\": \"Robert Kelsell Wright\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14680133\",\n \"text\": \"Randy, joined the group and they renamed themselves The Jacksons and moved to Epic Records and scored more hits like \\\"Enjoy Yourself\\\", \\\"Shake Your Body (Down to the Ground)\\\" and \\\"This Place Hotel\\\". For Jermaine's first album without his brothers, Berry Gordy hired a who's-who of Motown producers, including Hal Davis (who was instrumental in part of the brothers' success) and Jeffrey Bowen. Executive Producer: Berry Gordy Arrangers: Michael L. Smith pka Michael Lovesmith, Greg Wright, Clay Drayton, Kenneth Lupper, William Bickelhaupt, Truman Thomas, Arthur G. Wright and William Goldstein My Name Is Jermaine My Name Is Jermaine is the\",\n \"title\": \"My Name Is Jermaine\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9954698\",\n \"text\": \"Schmidt. Also, since the corrector in Wright's arrangement nearly coincides with the image plane, it can support the film/detector assembly, clearing the optical path from supporting vanes. Wright camera In astrophotography, the Wright camera design, presented by Franklin Wright (Berkeley, California) in 1935, just a few years after the introduction of the Schmidt camera, was his \\\"short\\\" alternative to the original arrangement. Wright placed the Schmidt corrector at the focal plane, and had the mirror aspherised to cancel coma resulting from the altered aperture stop position (the aperture stop effectively coinciding with the corrector). While astigmatism remains present in the\",\n \"title\": \"Wright camera\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689124\",\n \"text\": \"steeply. A government investigation said the Wright C was \\\"dynamically unsuited for flying\\\", and the American military ended its use of airplanes with \\\"pusher\\\" type propellers, including models made by both the Wright and Curtiss companies, in which the engine was located behind the pilot and likely to crush him in a crash. Orville resisted the switch to manufacturing \\\"tractor\\\"-type propeller aircraft, worried that a design change could threaten the Wright patent infringement case against Curtiss. Samuel Pierpont Langley, secretary of the Smithsonian Institution from 1887 until his death in 1906, experimented for years with model flying machines and successfully\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5650861\",\n \"text\": \"of its \\\"Mission 66\\\" modernization and expansion program. As the first major building of that effort, it was a high-profile success, bringing critical notice for its Modern design and launching the careers of its designers. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1975 for its architecture and its importance to the Park Service's program. A 60-foot (18 m) granite monument, dedicated in 1932, is perched atop 90-foot-tall (27 m) Kill Devil Hill, commemorating the achievement of the Wright brothers. They conducted many of their glider tests on the massive shifting dune that was later stabilized to form Kill Devil\",\n \"title\": \"Wright Brothers National Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10650487\",\n \"text\": \"What Happened Was What Happened Was... is a 1994 American independent film written for the screen, directed by and starring Tom Noonan. It is an adaptation of Noonan's original stage play of the same name. It depicts two people, played by Karen Sillas and Tom Noonan, on a first date; their conversation gradually reveals their lonely lives and hidden personalities. \\\"What Happened Was...\\\" has an overall approval rating of 90% on Rotten Tomatoes. On the \\\"Siskel & Ebert\\\" show, Gene Siskel gave the film a thumbs up, stating that \\\"For what is really just one long night of conversation, the\",\n \"title\": \"What Happened Was\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689115\",\n \"text\": \"through legal tactics. Orville apparently felt vindicated by the decision, and much to the frustration of company executives, he did not push vigorously for further legal action to ensure a manufacturing monopoly. In fact, he was planning to sell the company and departed in 1915. In 1917, with World War I underway, the U.S. government pressured the industry to form a cross-licensing organization, the Manufacturers Aircraft Association, to which member companies paid a blanket fee for the use of aviation patents, including the original and subsequent Wright patents. The Wright-Martin company (successor to the Wright company) and the Curtiss company\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"689034\",\n \"text\": \"Ida (born 1870, died in infancy). The direct paternal ancestry goes back to a Samuel Wright (b. 1606 in Essex, England) who sailed to America and settled in Massachusetts in 1636. None of the Wright children had middle names. Instead, their father tried hard to give them distinctive first names. Wilbur was named for Wilbur Fisk and Orville for Orville Dewey, both clergymen that Milton Wright admired. They were \\\"Will\\\" and \\\"Orv\\\" to their friends and in Dayton, their neighbors knew them simply as \\\"the Bishop's kids\\\", or \\\"the Bishop's boys\\\". Because of their father's position as a bishop in\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19956723\",\n \"text\": \"Wrestling, and later in Smoky Mountain Wrestling. His ability to draw heat was so great that he was legitimately shot at three times by fans as well as being slashed by a fan requiring 160 stitches and had his personal small plane burnt by angry fans (Wright himself believed that the plane was burnt to cover up the theft of expensive parts). Wright also says, with regret, that he had caused four or five elderly spectators to have heart attacks over his antics. Ron Wright was married with children with his wife Teresa and children racing go-carts that Ron Wright\",\n \"title\": \"Ron Wright (wrestler)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20318029\",\n \"text\": \"plane of vibration was normal to the plane of polarization — but only if one was familiar with the historical definition of the plane of polarization. If one was influenced by physical considerations \\\"alone\\\", then, as Feynman and the \\\"Britannica\\\" illustrate, one would pay attention to the electric vectors, assume that the \\\"plane\\\" of polarization (if one needed such a concept) contained those vectors, and not bother to define a separate \\\"plane of vibration\\\". Moreover, it is not clear that a \\\"plane of polarization\\\" is needed at all: knowing what field vectors are involved, we can specify the polarization by\",\n \"title\": \"Plane of polarization\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4725987\",\n \"text\": \"an additional 440-gallon tank, and extra emergency fuel in cans. The plane had a Polish national White Eagle and the name \\\"City of Warsaw\\\" painted on the fuselage. In August 1933, the plane was damaged by a hired pilot while landing in Harbour Grace, Newfoundland. After repairs, the brothers decided to try again. Although Ben Adamowicz had learned to fly blind, both brothers were purely amateur aviators. Moreover, their aircraft was not fitted with a radio, which made their trip more dangerous. On 28 June 1934, Benjamin and Joseph Adamowicz took off from Floyd Bennett Field in New York City\",\n \"title\": \"Adamowicz brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15268099\",\n \"text\": \"outside or in retrospect, the entire process tends to seem more ordered and intentional—less blind—than it usually is.” However, Vincenti uses the differences between the Wright brothers and the French to show there is a range in how we manage blindness to variations. The Wright brothers designed a flying machine before the French even though they started experimenting at roughly the same time. The French 1) appealed to what little was known about the Wrights/Langley, 2) mental imaginings of what might succeed, and 3) guidance from growing flight experience. But “since [#1 and #3] were meager, however, the level of\",\n \"title\": \"What Engineers Know and How They Know It\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4775235\",\n \"text\": \"Party\\\" (credited to Denny Wright and the Hustlers), which was composed of cover versions of contemporary hits plus the self-penned \\\"Shout About Pepsi\\\", which later appeared on the 1995 Studio 2 compilation album \\\"The Sound Gallery\\\". Denny was shocked upon seeing the album's cover for the first time to discover that EMI had come up with the name \\\"The Hustlers\\\" for the session musicians who had made the record with Wright. Despite Wright telephoning his EMI contacts urgently to tell them what a Hustler meant in the United States, it was too late and the name was used. In the\",\n \"title\": \"Denny Wright\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"430919\",\n \"text\": \"that is carried along with a stirring sense of velocity and momentum\\\". However, praise was not unanimous for the album, with the American rock magazine \\\"Spin\\\" giving it a rating of three out of five stars. At the New York Comic Con, on 10 October 2010, English film director Joe Wright announced that The Chemical Brothers would be scoring the soundtrack to his upcoming film, \\\"Hanna\\\". Wright, who had worked with The Chemical Brothers in the past as a member of the visual company Vegetable Vision, stated that he was \\\"very excited to finally ... work with a more modern\",\n \"title\": \"The Chemical Brothers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16342479\",\n \"text\": \"What Yo Name Iz? \\\"What Yo Name Iz?\\\" is the debut single by American rapper Kirko Bangz. The Sound M.O.B. produced song was featured on his mixtape \\\"Procrastination Kills 3\\\" (2011). It's also Kirko Bangz's first song to chart on the US \\\"Billboard\\\" charts. The official remix to \\\"What Yo Name Iz?\\\" features Wale, Big Sean, and Bun B. The remix was released on , before the original version. Maxrank also made a remix for this song. \\\"What Yo Name Iz?\\\" was the first song by Kirko Bangz to chart on the billboard charts. It debuted at number 97 on\",\n \"title\": \"What Yo Name Iz?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19789527\",\n \"text\": \"What a Beautiful Name \\\"What a Beautiful Name\\\" is a song by Australian praise and worship group Hillsong Worship. The song, written and led by Brooke Ligertwood and co-written with Ben Fielding, refers to the promise of salvation through Jesus Christ as represented by His Holy Name. The \\\"genre-smashing single\\\" contributed to Hillsong being named \\\"Billboard\\\"s Top Christian Artist of 2017. \\\"What a Beautiful Name\\\" won two Dove Awards for Song of the Year and Worship Song of the Year in 2017. It won the 2018 Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song. \\\"What a Beautiful Name\\\" was released\",\n \"title\": \"What a Beautiful Name\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5650862\",\n \"text\": \"Hill. Inscribed in capital letters along the base of the memorial tower is the phrase \\\"In commemoration of the conquest of the air by the brothers Wilbur and Orville Wright conceived by genius achieved by dauntless resolution and unconquerable faith.\\\" Atop the tower is a marine beacon, similar to one found in a lighthouse. The doors of the tower are stainless steel over nickel, with a price of $3,000 in 1928. The six relief panels represent the conquest of the air: Left Door (top to bottom): The contraptions of the French locksmith Besnier, who thought he could fly if he\",\n \"title\": \"Wright Brothers National Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13124358\",\n \"text\": \"used ailerons. Curtiss refused to pay license fees to the Wrights and sold an airplane to the Aeronautic Society of New York in 1909. The Wrights filed a lawsuit, beginning a years-long legal conflict. They also sued foreign aviators who flew at U.S. exhibitions, including the leading French aviator Louis Paulhan. The Curtiss people derisively suggested that if someone jumped in the air and waved his arms, the Wrights would sue. The brothers' licensed European companies, which owned foreign patents the Wrights had received, sued manufacturers in their countries. The European lawsuits were only partly successful. Despite a pro-Wright ruling\",\n \"title\": \"Wright brothers patent war\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9467379\",\n \"text\": \"a large group of armed men, and both brothers were killed in the ensuing firefight. John and Christopher Wright were born to Robert Wright and his second wife, Ursula Rudston, daughter of Nicholas and Jane Rudston of Hayton. John was baptised at Welwick in Yorkshire, on 16 January 1568, and Christopher was born in 1570. Their sister, Martha, married Thomas Percy in 1591. The brothers were pupils at St Peter's School in York, along with Guy Fawkes, whose name has become synonymous with the Gunpowder Plot. Although outwardly conformist, the school's headmaster John Pulleine came from a notable family of\",\n \"title\": \"John and Christopher Wright\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["wright model b","wright model c","wright flyer","wright model ex","1902 wright glider","1900 wright glider"],"string":"[\n \"wright model b\",\n \"wright model c\",\n \"wright flyer\",\n \"wright model ex\",\n \"1902 wright glider\",\n \"1900 wright glider\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":393,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"who is gilbert gottfried snl?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"3062423","text":"March 14, 2011, and announced a casting call for his replacement as the voice of the duck. He was replaced by Daniel McKeague (who did an impression of Gottfried) on April 26, 2011. Gilbert Gottfried Gilbert Jeremy Gottfried (born February 28, 1955) is an American stand-up comedian, actor and voice actor. Gottfried's persona as a comedian features an exaggerated shrill voice and emphasis on crude humor. His numerous roles in film and television include voicing the parrot Iago in Disney's \"Aladdin\", Digit in the children's cartoon/educational math-based show \"Cyberchase\", and Kraang Subprime in \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\". Gottfried was also","title":"Gilbert Gottfried"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3062423\",\n \"text\": \"March 14, 2011, and announced a casting call for his replacement as the voice of the duck. He was replaced by Daniel McKeague (who did an impression of Gottfried) on April 26, 2011. Gilbert Gottfried Gilbert Jeremy Gottfried (born February 28, 1955) is an American stand-up comedian, actor and voice actor. Gottfried's persona as a comedian features an exaggerated shrill voice and emphasis on crude humor. His numerous roles in film and television include voicing the parrot Iago in Disney's \\\"Aladdin\\\", Digit in the children's cartoon/educational math-based show \\\"Cyberchase\\\", and Kraang Subprime in \\\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\\\". Gottfried was also\",\n \"title\": \"Gilbert Gottfried\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"3062409","text":"interviews, most often with veteran actors, comedians, musicians and comedy writers. \"Gilbert\", a documentary film on Gottfried's life and career, was released in 2017. At age 15, Gottfried began doing amateur stand-up in New York City and, after a few years, became known around New York as \"the comedian's comedian.\" In 1980, \"Saturday Night Live\" was being retooled with a new staff and new comedians; the producers noticed Gottfried and hired him as a cast member for season 6. Gottfried's persona in \"SNL\" sketches was very different from his later characterization: he rarely (if ever) spoke in his trademark screeching,","title":"Gilbert Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"3062417","text":"Sideshow Network premiered \"Gilbert Gottfried's Amazing Colossal Podcast\", an interview series where Gottfried and his co-host Frank Santopadre discuss classic movies and talk to \"Hollywood legends and behind-the-scenes talents\" who shaped Gottfried's childhood and influenced his comedy. His first guest was Dick Cavett. Gottfried was the third contestant fired during the fourteenth season of the NBC reality show \"The Celebrity Apprentice\". In 2016 he played the 'Pig Man' in a comedy/fantasy film \"Abnormal Attraction\". In 2017 he appeared as himself in \"Episodes\", where a contestant on a fictional TV endurance gameshow is penalised with \"48 hours of Gilbert Gottfried\". On","title":"Gilbert Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"3062419","text":"voice of Jared Kushner\" in dubbed film clips on the show. In the late 1990s, Gottfried met Dara Kravitz at a Grammy Awards party. They were married in 2007 and have two children together, daughter Lily and son Max. They reside in the Chelsea neighborhood of Manhattan. Gottfried was raised in a Jewish family, but he has commented on his podcast that he did not have a bar mitzvah. One of his sisters was Arlene Gottfried, a New York Street photographer, who died in 2017. Danny Gallagher of the \"Dallas Observer\" wrote that \"Gottfried has one of the most original","title":"Gilbert Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"3062420","text":"formulas in the history of comedy\", adding: Gottfried is known for speaking in a loud and grating voice, which is not his natural speaking voice. Mark Binneli of \"Rolling Stone\" described Gottfried as a \"squinting, squawking mass of contradictions\", noting his status as \"one of America's filthiest stand-ups and one of the most successful voice-over artists in children's entertainment.\" Gottfried is known for joking about recent tragedies. In a July 2012 op-ed for CNN, he wrote: At the 43rd Primetime Emmy Awards, Gottfried made \"an endless series of masturbation jokes\" in reference to Paul Reubens' arrest for masturbating in an","title":"Gilbert Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"3062415","text":"and Mandy\" as Santa Claus in the one-hour Christmas Special. He voiced Rick Platypus in an episode of \"My Gym Partner's a Monkey\" entitled \"That Darn Platypus\". He appeared as Peter's horse in an episode of \"Family Guy\" entitled \"Boys Do Cry\" (in which Peter Griffin is enthused to learn that Gottfried is providing the horse's voice). He also guest-starred in \"Hannah Montana\" as Barny Bittmen. In January 2009, Gottfried worked again with David Faustino for an episode of Faustino's show \"Star-ving\". In 2011, Gottfried appeared in the episode \"Lost Traveler\" on \"\" as Leo Gerber, a sarcastic computer professional","title":"Gilbert Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"3062412","text":"the trees!\" Gottfried reprised the role in \"\", \"Aladdin and the King of Thieves\", the television series and various related media, such as \"Kingdom Hearts\" and \"House of Mouse\". Gottfried also voiced Berkely Beetle in 1994's Thumbelina. In 1996, he starred as a talking smoke detector, in \"Be Cool about Fire Safety,\" a short fire safety video for younger audiences. Gottfried was the host of the Saturday edition of \"USA Up All Night\" for its entire run from 1989 to 1998. Gottfried has provided the voice of the duck in the Aflac commercials and Digit in \"Cyberchase\", as well as","title":"Gilbert Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"3062422","text":"at the Empire State Building first\". This was one of the first public examples of 9/11 humor. Audience members responded with hisses and a cry of \"Too soon!\" Gottfried then abandoned his prepared remarks and launched into the venerable Aristocrats joke, winning back the audience. Penn Jillette and Paul Provenza used Gottfried's monologue as a segment in their 2005 film \"The Aristocrats\". In March 2011, Gottfried made a series of jokes on his Twitter account about the earthquake disaster in Japan. Aflac, which does 75% of its business in Japan, responded by dismissing Gottfried from voicing its duck mascot on","title":"Gilbert Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"3062413","text":"Mister Mxyzptlk in \"\". He reprised his role as Myxzptlk in \"\", \"Justice League Action\", and \"Lego DC Super-Villains\". He also voiced a nasty wisecracking criminal genius named Nick-Nack in two episodes of \"Superboy\" (he also co-wrote an issue of \"\", which featured Nick-Nack's origin). On \"The Tonight Show with Jay Leno\", Gottfried has made regular appearances. In 2004, Comedy Central featured Gottfried's stand-up material for \"Shorties Watchin' Shorties\". Gottfried was part of an online advertising campaign for Microsoft's Office XP software, showing, in a series of Flash-animated cartoons, that the Clippy office assistant would be removed. In 2006, Gottfried","title":"Gilbert Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"4035049","text":"\"Saturday Night Live\" producer Marci Klein was named as the president of SNL Studios Television in December 1999, while Richard Feldman was appointed head of SNL Studios Films in June of the same year. SNL Studios SNL Studios is a production company, founded in July 1997 as a joint venture between \"Saturday Night Live\" executive producer Lorne Michaels and NBC Studios (now Universal Television, the production arm of NBCUniversal a subsidiary of Comcast). While this venture also initially included Paramount Pictures, it was dissolved following NBC's merger with Universal Studios. On the television side, SNL Studios produces \"Saturday Night Live\"","title":"SNL Studios"},{"psg_id":"3062416","text":"working for the NYPD's Technical Assistance Response Unit, which producer Warren Leight said could become a recurring character. Gottfried read a section from the hit book \"Fifty Shades of Grey\" in a June 2012 YouTube video, which was created with the aim of using Gottfried's trademark voice to make fun of the book's graphic sexual content. In 2013, Gottfried became a member of \"Team Rachael\" on the second season of Food Network's \"\". In March 2013 he appeared on ABC's \"Celebrity Wife Swap\". He swapped wives with Alan Thicke. He is also a commentator on \"\". On May 28, 2014,","title":"Gilbert Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"20125722","text":"a score of 94% on Rotten Tomatoes. \"Gilbert\" won the Special Jury Prize for Best Documentary at the 2017 deadCENTER Film Festival. Gilbert (film) Gilbert is a 2017 American documentary film about the life and career of comedian Gilbert Gottfried. It opened in theaters on November 3, 2017. The film depicts Gottfried's everyday life with his wife and two children. The film also depicts Gottfried's interactions with his two sisters and his relationship with his parents. The film also discusses The Aristocrats joke told at the Hugh Hefner roast that occurred right after the September 11 attacks. Gottfried had just","title":"Gilbert (film)"},{"psg_id":"4035048","text":"SNL Studios SNL Studios is a production company, founded in July 1997 as a joint venture between \"Saturday Night Live\" executive producer Lorne Michaels and NBC Studios (now Universal Television, the production arm of NBCUniversal a subsidiary of Comcast). While this venture also initially included Paramount Pictures, it was dissolved following NBC's merger with Universal Studios. On the television side, SNL Studios produces \"Saturday Night Live\" in association with Broadway Video. Film productions, typically offshoots of Saturday Night Live' sketches, include, among others, \"A Night at the Roxbury\" and \"Superstar\". Following the announcement of the creation of SNL Studios, veteran","title":"SNL Studios"},{"psg_id":"20297663","text":"Voice, and The Independent (London (UK)). She was an habitué of Nuyorican Poets Café, a friend of Miguel Piñero, and on the Lower East Side sang gospel with the Eternal Light Community Singers. Her photography dealer was the owner of the Daniel Cooney Fine Art Gallery. Arlene Gottfried died on August 8, 2017 from complications of breast cancer at her home in Manhattan at the age of 66 surrounded by friends and family. Gottfried converted to Pentecostal and brother Gilbert humorously called her a 'Jew for Jesus'. Arlene Gottfried Arlene Harriet Gottfried (August 26, 1950 – August 8, 2017) was","title":"Arlene Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"3062421","text":"adult movie theater. Viewers on the east coast saw the entire set live, but Fox censored the broadcast for the west coast delay. Fox issued an apology, stating that Gottfried's jokes were \"irresponsible and insulting\". Gottfried said that producers stated he would not be invited back, and \"Rolling Stone\" wrote that the monologue resulted in him being \"blacklisted\". During his monologue at a Friars Club roast of Hugh Hefner three weeks after the September 11 attacks, Gottfried joked that he had intended to catch a plane, but could not get a direct flight because \"they said they have to stop","title":"Gilbert Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"3062410","text":"obnoxious voice and never squinted. During his 12-episode stint, he was given very little airtime and seldom used in sketches. Gottfried recalls a low point was having to play a corpse in a sketch about a sports organist hired to play inappropriate music at a funeral. Despite this, he had one recurring character (Leo Waxman, husband to Denny Dillon's Pinky Waxman on the recurring talk show sketch, \"What's It All About?\") and two celebrity impersonations: David A. Stockman and controversial film director Roman Polanski. Gottfried also played accountant Sidney Bernstein in the 1987 film \"Beverly Hills Cop II\". Although not","title":"Gilbert Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"20125720","text":"Gilbert (film) Gilbert is a 2017 American documentary film about the life and career of comedian Gilbert Gottfried. It opened in theaters on November 3, 2017. The film depicts Gottfried's everyday life with his wife and two children. The film also depicts Gottfried's interactions with his two sisters and his relationship with his parents. The film also discusses The Aristocrats joke told at the Hugh Hefner roast that occurred right after the September 11 attacks. Gottfried had just made a joke about a flight to California that had to make a stop at the Empire State Building. The film also","title":"Gilbert (film)"},{"psg_id":"4014804","text":"of the show and produced a special for Michaels in 1978, was one of the few who remained. She was offered Michaels' job running \"SNL\", much to Michaels' surprise, and took over the show for the 1980 season, hiring a completely new cast and new writers. Doumanian's tenure as \"SNL\" executive producer was tumultuous. She hired Denny Dillon, Gilbert Gottfried, Gail Matthius, Joe Piscopo, Ann Risley and Charles Rocket as repertory players, and Yvonne Hudson, Matthew Laurance and Patrick Weathers as featured players. Then-unknown Eddie Murphy would join the show as a featured player on the fourth episode and was","title":"Jean Doumanian"},{"psg_id":"7623621","text":"SNL Digital Short An \"SNL\" Digital Short is one in a series of comedic and often musical video shorts created for NBC's \"Saturday Night Live\". Generally produced and written by The Lonely Island (Jorma Taccone, Akiva Schaffer and Andy Samberg), the series was originated by Adam McKay, in collaboration with \"SNL\" hosts, writers, and cast members. The segments were originally recorded with consumer grade digital video cameras and edited on personal computers. It is usual for the episode's hosts and musical guests (the latter on rarer occasions) to take part in the episode's short, and several shorts have included celebrity","title":"SNL Digital Short"},{"psg_id":"9314339","text":"2018 when the Elite League Capitals did. Net Minders Defense Forwards Edinburgh Capitals (SNL) The Edinburgh Capitals (SNL) were an ice hockey team based in Edinburgh, Scotland. Formed in 1998, they were the 'B' team for the Elite League Capitals with whom they shared their name. The Edinburgh Capitals (SNL) played in the Scottish National League which is considered a third tier league in the United Kingdom equivalent to the equivalent to the NIHL. Certain players also ice for or have iced for their Elite League counterparts. The Captain for the 2017-18 season was Joel Gautschi. His assistants were the","title":"Edinburgh Capitals (SNL)"},{"psg_id":"9314338","text":"Edinburgh Capitals (SNL) The Edinburgh Capitals (SNL) were an ice hockey team based in Edinburgh, Scotland. Formed in 1998, they were the 'B' team for the Elite League Capitals with whom they shared their name. The Edinburgh Capitals (SNL) played in the Scottish National League which is considered a third tier league in the United Kingdom equivalent to the equivalent to the NIHL. Certain players also ice for or have iced for their Elite League counterparts. The Captain for the 2017-18 season was Joel Gautschi. His assistants were the two veterans, Ross Hay and Gary Hughes. The team folded in","title":"Edinburgh Capitals (SNL)"},{"psg_id":"18859617","text":"they visited the New York City set of the original \"Saturday Night Live\", including brief interviews with some of \"SNL's\" cast. Télé-Québec announced in early 2015 that due to cutbacks to its budget, the series would not be renewed for another season. Ici Radio-Canada Télé subsequently announced that it had signed the show's production team and cast to produce a new series, \"Le nouveau show\", for that network. SNL Québec SNL Québec is a Canadian television sketch comedy series, which aired on Télé-Québec in 2014 and 2015. A French language adaptation of the influential American sketch comedy series \"Saturday Night","title":"SNL Québec"},{"psg_id":"18859615","text":"SNL Québec SNL Québec is a Canadian television sketch comedy series, which aired on Télé-Québec in 2014 and 2015. A French language adaptation of the influential American sketch comedy series \"Saturday Night Live\", the series featured both translated recreations of sketches from the original series — the show's first episode included a translation of the iconic Schweddy Balls sketch — and original material written for the Quebec series — a sketch in the second episode, for example, recast the leaders' debate from the 2014 provincial election as an episode of \"Un dîner presque parfait\", the French-language version of \"Come Dine","title":"SNL Québec"},{"psg_id":"7623625","text":"Digital Shorts on official YouTube postings, these shorts aired on an SNL episode but not with the official SNL Digital Short title card. As with the Digital Shorts, these are directed by Akiva Schaffer. However, according to the official LonelyIsland website, the MacGruber shorts are directed by Jorma Taccone and written by Will Forte. The short \"Lazy Sunday\", which aired December 17, 2005, was viewed more than five million times on YouTube alone before it was removed due to copyright infringement. In late 2006, however, NBC began uploading \"SNL\" shorts on YouTube themselves. The short \"Dick in a Box\" which","title":"SNL Digital Short"},{"psg_id":"3062411","text":"a regular, he also appeared in \"The Amazing Live Sea Monkeys\", as well as voicing the crazed dentist Dr. Bender and his son Wendell in \"The Fairly OddParents\" and the voice of Jerry the Belly Button Elf on \"Ren and Stimpy\". Three of his most prominent roles came in 1990, 1991, and 1992, when he was cast as the adoption agent Igor Peabody in \"Problem Child\" and \"Problem Child 2\" and the parrot Iago in \"Aladdin\". When asked how he prepared for the role, Gottfried said, \"I did the whole DeNiro thing. I moved to South America! I lived in","title":"Gilbert Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"3062414","text":"topped the \"Boston Phoenix\"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s tongue-in-cheek list of the world's 100 Unsexiest Men. In April 2006, Gottfried performed with the University of Pennsylvania's Mask and Wig Club in their annual Intercollegiate Comedy Festival. Also in 2006, he made an appearance on the \"Let's Make a Deal\" portion of \"Gameshow Marathon\" (as a baby in a large high chair, he says \"Hey Ricki, I think I need my diaper changed!\"), and in the Dodge Viper in the big deal (where he tells the contestants \"What were you thinking?!\" because neither one picked it). He also guest-starred in \"The Grim Adventures of Billy","title":"Gilbert Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"7623630","text":"each other after reading it. While the reading officer laughs it off, his partner turns and shoots him as the reading officer shoots him as well to overlapping \"Hide & Seek\" cues. On April 16, 2007, two days following the initial air date of the sketch, the Virginia Tech shooting occurred and became the deadliest school shooting in modern U.S. history. Noam Cohen of \"The New York Times\" criticized fans of the short for insensitivity when they continued to make YouTube videos based on it. SNL Digital Short An \"SNL\" Digital Short is one in a series of comedic and","title":"SNL Digital Short"},{"psg_id":"6269488","text":"\"Annie Hall\", \"Manhattan\" and \"Stardust Memories\". Before joining the cast of \"Saturday Night Live\", she had a cameo on the show in 1976 as a psychiatrist's patient. She was cast for \"Saturday Night Live\" by Jean Doumanian, who had previously been the show's guest-booker, then associate producer. After 12 episodes, Doumanian was let go and replaced by Dick Ebersol, who fired Gilbert Gottfried, Charles Rocket, and Risley from the cast before his first episode. In a 1999 article in \"People\", Risley was quoted as saying her SNL experience was \"horrible\". Prior to (and after) Saturday Night Live, Risley had roles","title":"Ann Risley"},{"psg_id":"4014806","text":"asked Rocket what it felt like to be shot, he replied \"Oh man, it's the first time I've been shot in my life. I'd like to know who the fuck did it.\" The uncensored expletive, seemingly planned, landed the show, its producer and the network in trouble. After one further episode on March 7, 1981, the show was put on a month-long hiatus after NBC executives decided the show needed an immediate overhaul, and Doumanian was dismissed from her position at \"SNL\" and replaced by Dick Ebersol, who fired Gilbert Gottfried, Ann Risley and Charles Rocket before the end of","title":"Jean Doumanian"},{"psg_id":"7125734","text":"Brian Gottfried Brian Edward Gottfried (born January 27, 1952) is a retired American tennis player who won 25 singles titles and 54 doubles titles during his professional career. The right-hander was the runner-up at the 1977 French Open and achieved a career-high singles ranking on the ATP tour on June 19, 1977, when he became World No. 3. Gottfried was born in Baltimore, Maryland, and is Jewish. He began playing tennis at the age of 5, after receiving a racquet as a gift. In all, Gottfried won 14 national junior titles. As a teen Gottfried attended Baylor School in Chattanooga,","title":"Brian Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"20125721","text":"discusses the controversy surrounding tweets Gottfried made after the earthquake disaster in Japan that led to his firing as the voice of the Aflac duck. \"Gilbert\" premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 20, 2017. The film was also shown at the 2017 Hot Docs Film Festival and the 2017 deadCENTER Film Festival The film was acquired by Gravitas Ventures and was released in New York City on November 3, 2017 and in Los Angeles on November 10, 2017. \"Gilbert\" was released on iTunes on November 14, 2017. The film has earned very high critical praise. \"Gilbert\" currently has","title":"Gilbert (film)"},{"psg_id":"7125737","text":"this record for 32 years, eventually being succeeded by David Ferrer. Gottfried was 7–7 in Davis Cup play for the US between 1975 and 1982 and won it twice (in 1978 and 1982). Gottfried won the 1974 and 1975 ATP Doubles Team of the Year Award with partner Raúl Ramírez. He won the 1976 ATP Most Improved Player Award. He won the ATP Sportsmanship award in 1984. Gottfried was inducted into the Intercollegiate Tennis Association's Intercollegiate Tennis Hall of Fame in 1990. Gottfried, who is Jewish, was inducted into the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 1999. Gottfried now","title":"Brian Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"7623622","text":"cameos. The shorts generally took fewer than five days to complete. Akiva Schaffer has directed a majority of them, with Taccone as occasional director or co-director. Taccone, along with his brother, Asa, have produced music for the shorts as necessary. With the departure of Samberg from \"SNL\" in 2012, it was speculated that the era of videos branded \"An SNL Digital Short\" had come to an end, although the episode on January 26, 2013 featured a Digital Short, as well as two during the Samberg-hosted season 39 finale on May 18, 2014. Another short was aired during the Saturday Night","title":"SNL Digital Short"},{"psg_id":"1779759","text":"Paul Gottfried Paul Edward Gottfried (born November 21, 1941) is an American paleoconservative philosopher, historian, and columnist. He is a former Horace Raffensperger Professor of Humanities at Elizabethtown College in Elizabethtown, Pennsylvania, as well as a Guggenheim recipient. He is currently H. L. Mencken Club President. Gottfried was born in Brooklyn in 1941, to Jewish parents. His father was a successful furrier from Budapest, who had fled Hungary after the July Putsch of 1934. The family moved to Bridgeport shortly after his birth. Gottfried attended Yeshiva University in New York as an undergraduate and returned to Connecticut to attend Yale.","title":"Paul Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"8717515","text":"Dennis Smith, Jr., who played for Gottfried at NC State for one season, in the 2017 NBA Draft. Gottfried was hired as head coach on March 12, 2018. Gottfried is divorced and the father of four sons and one daughter. His oldest son, Brandon, was a standout athlete at Gulf Shores High School (Gulf Shores, Alabama) in both football and basketball and graduated from Stanford University, where he played football as a tight end. His daughter, Mary Layson, is an accomplished international fashion model. His father, Joe Gottfried, was also a basketball coach and recently retired as Director of Athletics","title":"Mark Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"8716326","text":"eleven, and understood the difficulty and hardships young men without fathers feel. There is also a group for females called G.I.R.L.S. Network. Assistants under Gottfried who became NCAA or NFL head coaches: Mike Gottfried Mike Gottfried (born December 17, 1944) is a sportscaster and former American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Murray State University (1978–1980), the University of Cincinnati (1981–1982), the University of Kansas (1983–1985), and the University of Pittsburgh (1986–1989), compiling a career college football record of 76–55–4. Gottfried played college football at Morehead State University as a quarterback from 1962 to","title":"Mike Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"7125738","text":"lives in Ponte Vedra, Florida. In 2007 Gottfried joined the coaching staff at the Harold Solomon Tennis Institute in Fort Lauderdale. In 2010, Gottfried coached with the Bollettieri Tennis Program at the IMG Academy in Bradenton, Florida. He was elected to the ATP Player Council in 2012 as an alumni representative. In 2015, he joined the coaching staff at the Bolles School His younger brother, Larry was also a tennis player. Brian Gottfried Brian Edward Gottfried (born January 27, 1952) is a retired American tennis player who won 25 singles titles and 54 doubles titles during his professional career. The","title":"Brian Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"15186788","text":"some of his music has been recorded. The theme music for the first of the Karl May talkies, \"Through the Desert\" (1936), is included in the Karl May Film Music Collection Box \"Wild West, Hot Orient\". Letters of Gottfried Huppertz are held by the Leipzig music publisher CF Peters in the Leipzig State Archives. Gottfried Huppertz Gottfried Huppertz (11 March 1887 – 7 February 1937) was a German composer who is perhaps most known for his scores to German expressionist silent films such as the science fiction epic \"Metropolis\" (1927). He collaborated with legendary director Fritz Lang on multiple occasions.","title":"Gottfried Huppertz"},{"psg_id":"8251276","text":"to the point of eclipsing most other names in \"God-\" (such as \"Godabert, Gotahard, Godohelm, Godomar, Goduin, Gotrat, Godulf\", etc.) The name was Latinised as \"Godefridus\". Medieval bearers of the name include: A notable early modern bearer of the name is Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz (1646-1716). \"Gottfried\" remains comparatively popular in Germany, ranking in the top 200 masculine given names. Gottfried Gottfried is a masculine German given name. It is derived from the Old High German name \", recorded since the 7th century. The name is composed of the elements ' (conflated from the etyma for 'God' and 'good', and","title":"Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"8251275","text":"Gottfried Gottfried is a masculine German given name. It is derived from the Old High German name \", recorded since the 7th century. The name is composed of the elements ' (conflated from the etyma for 'God' and 'good', and possibly further conflated with ') and \" ('peace, protection'). The German name was commonly hypocoristically abbreviated as \"Götz\" from the late medieval period. \"Götz\" and variants (including \"Göthe, Göthke\" and \"Göpfert\") also came into use as German surnames. Gottfried is a common Jewish surname as well. The given name \"Gottfried\" became extremely frequent in Germany in the High Middle Ages,","title":"Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"9099177","text":"John Adams High School, Gottfried served as the Editor-in-Chief of the high school's newspaper, \"The Campus\". In August 2004, Gottfried became engaged to Cindy Goldwasser, an attorney, who was then employed as a mediator with the Peninsula Conflict Resolution Center in San Mateo, California. On April 1, 2005, Gottfried and Goldwasser were married in a civil ceremony held in San Jose, California. Two weeks later, on April 17, 2005, they were married in a religious ceremony held at the Tierra del Sol Resort, Spa & Country Club in Aruba. Mrs. Gottfried, a graduate of the McGeorge School of Law of","title":"Keith Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"11784751","text":"life of her latest victim, Friedrich Kleine. It was the night of March 6, 1828, the day of her 43rd birthday, when she was arrested. She was sentenced to death by decapitation. She was publicly executed on April 21, 1831. It was the last public execution in the history of Bremen. Gottfried 's deathmask was made to study the facial patterns of criminal women. This is within the field of study of now obsolete phrenology. Gesche Gottfried Gesche Margarethe Gottfried, born Gesche Margarethe Timm (6 March 1785 - 21 April 1831), was a serial killer who murdered 15 people by","title":"Gesche Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"16092299","text":"chimpanzees posed when they got agitated. A Tim Kazurinsky and Tony Rosato sketch. Debuted April 11, 1981. Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 1980–1981 The following is a list of recurring \"Saturday Night Live\" characters and sketches introduced between November 15, 1980, and April 11, 1981, the sixth season of \"SNL\". A Gail Matthius and Denny Dillon sketch. Debuted November 15, 1980. A Gilbert Gottfried and Denny Dillon sketch. Debuted November 15, 1980. A Joe Piscopo sketch. Debuted December 6, 1980. An Eddie Murphy sketch. Debuted December 6, 1980. A Denny Dillon sketch. Debuted December 6, 1980. A","title":"Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 1980–1981"},{"psg_id":"16092293","text":"Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 1980–1981 The following is a list of recurring \"Saturday Night Live\" characters and sketches introduced between November 15, 1980, and April 11, 1981, the sixth season of \"SNL\". A Gail Matthius and Denny Dillon sketch. Debuted November 15, 1980. A Gilbert Gottfried and Denny Dillon sketch. Debuted November 15, 1980. A Joe Piscopo sketch. Debuted December 6, 1980. An Eddie Murphy sketch. Debuted December 6, 1980. A Denny Dillon sketch. Debuted December 6, 1980. A Denny Dillon and Gail Matthius sketch. Debuted December 13, 1980. A Charles Rocket and Gail Matthius sketch.","title":"Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 1980–1981"},{"psg_id":"4244542","text":"Gottfried Mind Gottfried Mind (; 25 September 1768 – 17 November 1814) was a Swiss autistic savant who specialized in drawing. He was called the Raphael of Cats because of the excellence with which he painted that animal. Gottfried Mind was born at Bern in the year 1768. His father had come as a joiner and form-cutter to Switzerland from Lipsich, in Upper Hungary. Mind was mostly left to himself because of his weak constitution. Herr Gruner was a lover of art. During the summer, he had a German artist named Legel in his house who often drew buildings and","title":"Gottfried Mind"},{"psg_id":"11141676","text":"Kurt Gottfried Kurt Gottfried (born 1929) is professor emeritus of physics at Cornell University, known for his work in the areas of quantum mechanics and particle physics. He is also a co-founder with Henry Way Kendall of the Union of Concerned Scientists. He has written extensively in the areas of physics and arms control. Gottfried was born in Vienna, Austria in 1929. In 1939, after their home in Austria was raided on Kristallnacht, his family emigrated to Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Gottfried attended McGill University, studying both theoretical and engineering physics. Gottfried studied with Victor Weisskopf at Massachusetts Institute of Technology","title":"Kurt Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"20906021","text":"when measures were taken at longer intervals. That is, the IQ scores at later time-points tended to be less correlated with scores at earlier time-points as the interval between assessment waves increased. Adele and Allen Gottfried also co-edited the book \"Maternal Employment and Children’s Development\" published in 1988\".\" This book addressed concerns about the growing numbers of women with young children who were entering the workforce. Their main finding was that the children of working mothers did not appear to suffer as a consequence of their mother's employment status. Adele Eskeles Gottfried Adele Eskeles Gottfried is a professor and psychologist","title":"Adele Eskeles Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"8716324","text":"Mike Gottfried Mike Gottfried (born December 17, 1944) is a sportscaster and former American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Murray State University (1978–1980), the University of Cincinnati (1981–1982), the University of Kansas (1983–1985), and the University of Pittsburgh (1986–1989), compiling a career college football record of 76–55–4. Gottfried played college football at Morehead State University as a quarterback from 1962 to 1965. Before moving to the college coaching ranks, he coached high school football in Ohio, tallying a mark of 50–19–1. Gottfried is the uncle of Mark Gottfried, the head men's basketball coach","title":"Mike Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"20906016","text":"Adele Eskeles Gottfried Adele Eskeles Gottfried is a professor and psychologist best known for her work in the field of intrinsic motivation, giftedness, and academic achievement. Gottfried is Professor of Educational Psychology at California State University, Northridge where she is Director of Research Enhancement of the Michael D. Eisner College of Education. Gottfried is known for creating the \"Children’s Academic Intrinsic Motivation Inventory\" (CAIMI) and for co-directing the Fullerton Longitudinal Study with Allen W. Gottfried. Gottfried was awarded the Social Responsibility Award from the Western Psychological Association in 2011 \"based on her research in the field of intrinsic motivation that","title":"Adele Eskeles Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"9424256","text":"contained in the second \"Notebook for Anna Magdalena Bach\", may be his. After his father's death in 1750 Gottfried Heinrich lived with his younger sister Elisabeth Juliane Friederica and her husband Johann Christoph Altnickol. Altnickol was a musician who lived and worked in Naumburg approximately southwest of Leipzig. After his brother-in-law's death in 1759 Gottfried Heinrich stayed on in Naumburg with his sister until his own death a few years later. Gottfried Heinrich Bach Gottfried Heinrich Bach (26 February 1724 – 12 February 1763) was the firstborn son of Johann Sebastian Bach by his second wife Anna Magdalena Wilcke. He","title":"Gottfried Heinrich Bach"},{"psg_id":"4366854","text":"Gottfried von Cramm Gottfried Alexander Maximilian Walter Kurt Freiherr von Cramm (English: Baron Gottfried von Cramm, ; 7 July 1909 – 8 November 1976), was a German amateur tennis champion who won the French Open twice. He was ranked number 2 in the world in 1934 and 1936, and number 1 in the world in 1937. He was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1977, an organisation which considers that he is \"most remembered for a gallant effort in defeat against Don Budge in the 1937 Interzone Final at Wimbledon\". Cramm represented Germany during the rise of","title":"Gottfried von Cramm"},{"psg_id":"9625526","text":"und Rechte\" (Public law of the city of Danzig, or the city's constitution and rights, 1769). He was also the editor of the first edition of \"Polish Chronicle\" by Gallus Anonymous (who at that time was assumed to have been a Pole) and the \"Chronicle\" by Wincenty Kadłubek. Gottfried Lengnich Gottfried Lengnich () (4 December 1689 – 28 April 1774) was an 18th-century historian, lawyer and politician. He became known for writing the 9-volume \"History of Royal Prussia\" and for teaching Stanisław August Poniatowski, the last king of Poland. Gottfried Lengnich was born to the family of a wealthy merchant","title":"Gottfried Lengnich"},{"psg_id":"20297660","text":"Arlene Gottfried Arlene Harriet Gottfried (August 26, 1950 – August 8, 2017) was a New York City street photographer who recorded scenes of ordinary daily life in some of the city's less well-to-do neighborhoods. Her work was not widely known until she was in her 50s. Although Jewish by birth, later in her life she embarked on a career as a gospel singer. \"Gottfried published five books of her work: \"The Eternal Light\" (Dewi Lewis Publishing, 1999), \"Midnight\" (powerHouse 2003), \"Sometimes Overwhelming\" (2008); One of her series,\"Bacalaitos and Fireworks\" (powerHouse 2011), focused on Puerto Ricans in the 1970s. and \"Mommie\"","title":"Arlene Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"20168431","text":"Salzburg and Augsburg, where he was interrogated by TICOM, the project formed in World War II by the United States to find and seize German intelligence assets. Gottfried Schapper Gottfried Schapper (* 16 December 1888 in Groß Möringen; † district of Stendal in the 20th century) was a German listening specialist, before and during World War II. Gottfried Schapper, was an Signals intelligence officer, who was known for having the original idea for the Forschungsamt signal intelligence agency. Schapper had worked in the Reichswehr Ministry cipher bureau from 1927 to 1933, which would later form part of Luftwaffe signals intelligence","title":"Gottfried Schapper"},{"psg_id":"20168425","text":"Gottfried Schapper Gottfried Schapper (* 16 December 1888 in Groß Möringen; † district of Stendal in the 20th century) was a German listening specialist, before and during World War II. Gottfried Schapper, was an Signals intelligence officer, who was known for having the original idea for the Forschungsamt signal intelligence agency. Schapper had worked in the Reichswehr Ministry cipher bureau from 1927 to 1933, which would later form part of Luftwaffe signals intelligence unit, had been dissatisfied by both the scope of monitoring and intercept work and the incompetence of the methods employed there. He along with some colleagues, including","title":"Gottfried Schapper"},{"psg_id":"14038169","text":"Francine Gottfried Francine Gottfried (born 1947) was a clerical worker in New York City's Financial District who acquired sudden brief celebrity when, in the space of two weeks in September 1968, increasing numbers of men began watching her as she walked to work. Newspapers dubbed her \"Wall Street's Sweater Girl\" as her curvaceous figure seemed to be the sole reason that crowds formed spontaneously around her whenever she appeared in the financial district. Gottfried started working at Chemical Bank in the financial district on May 27, 1968. By late August, a small band of girl watchers had noticed her, and","title":"Francine Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"11784747","text":"Gesche Gottfried Gesche Margarethe Gottfried, born Gesche Margarethe Timm (6 March 1785 - 21 April 1831), was a serial killer who murdered 15 people by arsenic poisoning in Bremen and Hanover, Germany, between 1813 and 1827. She was the last person to be publicly executed in the city of Bremen. Gottfried was born into a poor family, she had a twin brother, Johann Timm Junior. Her parents, Johann Timm and Gesche Margarethe Timm, always had a preference for her brother. The reasons behind Gottfried's crimes remains unclear and widely debated, but the emotional deprivation she suffered during her childhood and","title":"Gesche Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"1779762","text":"surrounding conferences organized by his think tank, the National Policy Institute. Gottfried is current president of the H.L. Mencken Club which was founded in 2008. He also serves as editorial board chairman of the \"San Francisco Review of Books\". Paul Gottfried Paul Edward Gottfried (born November 21, 1941) is an American paleoconservative philosopher, historian, and columnist. He is a former Horace Raffensperger Professor of Humanities at Elizabethtown College in Elizabethtown, Pennsylvania, as well as a Guggenheim recipient. He is currently H. L. Mencken Club President. Gottfried was born in Brooklyn in 1941, to Jewish parents. His father was a successful","title":"Paul Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"1779761","text":"is a paleoconservative critic of neoconservativism within the Republican Party. In fact, the term paleoconservative was first used by Paul Gottfried and Thomas Fleming, with the \"paleo\" prefix meaning \"old\" in opposition to the \"neo\", or \"new\", conservatives. Gottfried is opposed to nation-building and is an avid critic of American interventionist foreign policy. Gottfried is also the first person to use the term \"alternative right\", when referring specifically to developments within American right-wing politics, in 2008. Richard B. Spencer co-created the term with Gottfried while working together at Taki's Magazine and helped it to gain wide currency through media attention","title":"Paul Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"16589473","text":"alone. After Conrad's death, Gottfried's son Gottfried III inherited the Burgraviate. Gottfried II of Raabs Gottfried II of Raabs (died ) was Burgrave of the medieval Burgraviate of Nuremberg, jointly with his brother Conrad I, from 1105 until his death. Gottfried II was a member of the \"edelfrei\" von Raabs family. He was the son of Gottfried I of Gosham and the grandson of Ulrich of Gosham, the ancestor of the von Raabs dynasty, who ruled an area northwest of Melk in the area when the House of Babenberg ruled the Margraviate of Austria. The von Raabs family was named","title":"Gottfried II of Raabs"},{"psg_id":"1658160","text":"Galle, and a ring of Neptune have been named in his honor. Google celebrated Johann Gottfried Galle's 200th Birthday with Google Doodle https://www.google.com/doodles/johann-gottfried-galles-200th-birthday! Johann Gottfried Galle Johann Gottfried Galle (9 June 1812 – 10 July 1910) was a German astronomer from Radis, Germany, at the Berlin Observatory who, on 23 September 1846, with the assistance of student Heinrich Louis d'Arrest, was the first person to view the planet Neptune and know what he was looking at. Urbain Le Verrier had predicted the existence and position of Neptune, and sent the coordinates to Galle, asking him to verify. Galle found Neptune","title":"Johann Gottfried Galle"},{"psg_id":"4194018","text":"for him with the network, and Murphy was cast as a featured player. The first episode, renamed \"Saturday Night Live '80\" in the opening credits, aired Nov. 15, 1980 and featured an all-new cast – Charles Rocket (groomed to be the new break-out star), Denny Dillon, Gilbert Gottfried, Gail Matthius, Joe Piscopo, and Ann Risley rounded out the new cast. Yvonne Hudson was hired as a featured player and became \"SNL\"'s first black female cast-member. Elliott Gould had agreed to host the first episode. Contributing to the sense that season six was doomed, in the first sketch the cast shared","title":"History of Saturday Night Live (1980–85)"},{"psg_id":"18596730","text":"Arnold, The B-52s, Backstreet Boys, Christine Baranski, Lance Bass, Beck Bennett, Michael Bolton, Jim Breuer, A. Whitney Brown, Steve Buscemi, Aidy Bryant, AJ Calloway, Kate Capshaw, 50 Cent, Dave Chappelle, Michael Che, Glenn Close, David Cone, Elvis Costello, Sheryl Crow, Alan Cumming, Carson Daly, Charlie Day, Rocsi Diaz, Leonardo DiCaprio, Diddy, Christopher Dodd, Jean Doumanian, Robin Duke, Nora Dunn, Christine Ebersole, Ari Emanuel, Siobhan Fallon, Paul Feig, Steve Forbes, Sen. Al Franken, Rudy Giuliani, Whoopi Goldberg, Jeff Goldblum, Cuba Gooding Jr., Gilbert Gottfried, Elliott Gould, Tom Green, Robert Greenblatt, Savannah Guthrie, Steve Guttenberg, Haim, Jon Hamm, Cheryl Hardwick (former SNL","title":"Saturday Night Live 40th Anniversary Special"},{"psg_id":"10757044","text":"\"SNL\" as a cast member. Laurie Metcalf and Emily Prager joined as featured players. Dick Ebersol's first produced episode was on April 11, 1981. After Ebersol's first episode, the 1981 Writers' Guild of America strike started, forcing the show into a hiatus during which it was extensively retooled. Before the next season, Ebersol also fired Dillon and Matthius, leaving Piscopo and Murphy the only remaining cast members from Doumanian's tenure. With the entire cast of Season 5 gone. Denny Dillion, Gilbert Gottfried, Yvonne Hudson, Matthew Laurence, Gali Matthius, Eddie Murphy, Joe Piscopo, Ann Risley, Charles Rocket, and Patrick Weathers were","title":"Saturday Night Live (season 6)"},{"psg_id":"8717516","text":"at the University of South Alabama. His uncle, Mike Gottfried, was a college football head coach and an analyst on ESPN college football broadcasts. Both served as head coaches of their respective programs at Murray State. Mark Gottfried Mark Frederick Gottfried (born January 20, 1964) is an American men's college basketball coach and former player. He is currently the head coach at Cal State Northridge. Gottfried played one season at Oral Roberts and three seasons at Alabama, advancing to the Sweet Sixteen in each of his seasons with the Crimson Tide. He spent eight seasons as an assistant coach at","title":"Mark Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"8717503","text":"Mark Gottfried Mark Frederick Gottfried (born January 20, 1964) is an American men's college basketball coach and former player. He is currently the head coach at Cal State Northridge. Gottfried played one season at Oral Roberts and three seasons at Alabama, advancing to the Sweet Sixteen in each of his seasons with the Crimson Tide. He spent eight seasons as an assistant coach at UCLA, including the team's 1995 NCAA championship season, three years as head coach at Murray State, eleven years as head coach at Alabama, and six seasons at North Carolina State. Gottfried was born in Crestline, Ohio.","title":"Mark Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"11099797","text":"with the Nazi regime. His book \"Twilight of the Wagners: The Unveiling of a Family's Legacy\", an autobiography, queried the extent to which his father had extricated himself from the families close connection to National Socialism, while he has also been critical of many aspects of the Bayreuth Festival. The British film director Tony Palmer has made a two-hour documentary film about the Wagner family in which Gottfried plays a key role. Gottfried Wagner Gottfried Wagner (born 13 April 1947 in Bayreuth) is a multimedia director and publicist. Gottfried Wagner is the son of Wolfgang Wagner and a great-grandchild of","title":"Gottfried Wagner"},{"psg_id":"18859616","text":"with Me\". The show's core cast members were Katherine Levac, Virginie Fortin, Léane Labrèche-Dor, Pier-Luc Funk, Mathieu Quesnel, Guillaume Girard, Mickaël Gouin and Phil Roy. Quesnel served as \"Les nouvelles SNL\" anchor for the first two episodes, with Girard and Gouin taking over thereafter. Initially announced as two standalone comedy specials, several further episodes were produced in 2014 and 2015 as a once-a-month series. Ten episodes, nine originals and a \"best-of\" compilation of sketches from the earlier episodes, were broadcast overall. As advance publicity for the first two specials, hosts Louis-José Houde and Stéphane Rousseau each recorded segments in which","title":"SNL Québec"},{"psg_id":"9253613","text":"Lansbury. His latest book, co-written with Bill Condon and Cheo Coker, is \"Dreamgirls The Movie Musical\", published in April 2007. A review of \"Arthur Miller: His Life and Work\" called the book a \"thorough and revealing biography\". Martin Gottfried Martin Gottfried (October 9, 1933 – March 6, 2014) was an American critic, columnist and author. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. Gottfried was a 1959 graduate of Columbia College in New York City, and attended Columbia Law School for three semesters, next spending one year with U.S. Army Military Intelligence. Gottfried began his writing career as the classical music","title":"Martin Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"19107654","text":"Kirschner and Robert Rademacher. The latter, the company had passed since the early 1970s and since 2005 after retiring from active work - as well as Gottfried Schultz in the 1960s - President of the Central Association of the German Motor Trade (ZDK). Gottfried Schultz Gottfried Schultz GmbH, based in Ratingen, is the largest dealer for the automotive brands owned by Volkswagen Group. The company employs approximately 1,900 people in 26 plants. It distributes and services cars of the marques Volkswagen, Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles, Audi, SEAT, Škoda, Bentley, Porsche and Bugatti. In 1924, Gottfried Schultz (1903-1980) founded in Essen a","title":"Gottfried Schultz"},{"psg_id":"16589471","text":"Gottfried II of Raabs Gottfried II of Raabs (died ) was Burgrave of the medieval Burgraviate of Nuremberg, jointly with his brother Conrad I, from 1105 until his death. Gottfried II was a member of the \"edelfrei\" von Raabs family. He was the son of Gottfried I of Gosham and the grandson of Ulrich of Gosham, the ancestor of the von Raabs dynasty, who ruled an area northwest of Melk in the area when the House of Babenberg ruled the Margraviate of Austria. The von Raabs family was named after their first castle, Burg Raabs an der Thaya, in Lower","title":"Gottfried II of Raabs"},{"psg_id":"18968244","text":"Gottfried Knoche August Gottfried Knoche (17 March 1813, Halberstadt - 2 January 1901, near La Guaira) was a German doctor and surgeon. He is best known for inventing an embalming fluid that was used to mummify dozens of corpses (including his own) at his laboratory in Venezuela. In 1837, he studied at the University of Freiburg and worked in the University's hospital. Three years later, he went to Venezuela and settled in La Guaira, where he tended to the large number of German emigrants who were farming nearby along the littoral. Once he was fully established there, he brought his","title":"Gottfried Knoche"},{"psg_id":"17069399","text":"Gottfried Landwehr Gottfried Landwehr (22 August 1929 – 24 January 2013) was a . Landwehr was born in Osnabrück and studied physics in Karlsruhe. After that he worked at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt in Braunschweig. He was one of the founders of the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research in Stuttgart (1955) and headed the branch office in France until 1983. From 1968 to 1999 he was professor for experimental physics in Würzburg. Klaus von Klitzing who is known for the discovery of the integer quantum Hall Effect in 1980 (Nobel Prize 1985) was one of his students. On the","title":"Gottfried Landwehr"},{"psg_id":"16685337","text":"finally got under way Küssel was found guilty of breaching the 1947 Verbotsgesetz, which bans any attempt to revive Nazism. Presiding Judge Martina Krainz noted the importance of the internet in disseminating extremist information and due to this, as well as Küssel's status as \"a leading figure in the extreme-right scene\" with several earlier convictions, she sentenced him to nine years imprisonment. Gottfried Küssel Gottfried Küssel (born 10 September 1958) is an Austrian far-right political activist who also gained some notoriety in Germany. He has been a leading figure in neo-Nazism and Holocaust denial since the 1970s. Born in Vienna,","title":"Gottfried Küssel"},{"psg_id":"4420394","text":"at the age of 62. John Gottfried John Charles Gottfried (October 13, 1917 in Welland, Ontario – July 28, 1980) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He was a New Democratic member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1969 to 1977. The son of Anthony Gottfried and Lena Hoffman, Gottfried came to Winnipeg at a young age with his family; they later moved to Gimli. He was educated at the University of Manitoba, and worked as a teacher for 25 years. Gottfried married Fjola Josephine Johnson in 1942. From 1946 to 1955, he served as President of the Manitoba","title":"John Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"4420392","text":"John Gottfried John Charles Gottfried (October 13, 1917 in Welland, Ontario – July 28, 1980) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He was a New Democratic member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1969 to 1977. The son of Anthony Gottfried and Lena Hoffman, Gottfried came to Winnipeg at a young age with his family; they later moved to Gimli. He was educated at the University of Manitoba, and worked as a teacher for 25 years. Gottfried married Fjola Josephine Johnson in 1942. From 1946 to 1955, he served as President of the Manitoba Teachers' Society in Gimli. He","title":"John Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"3164245","text":"Gottfried van Swieten Gottfried, Freiherr van Swieten (October 29, 1733 – March 29, 1803) was a Dutch-born Austrian diplomat, librarian, and government official who served the Austrian Empire during the 18th century. He was an enthusiastic amateur musician and is best remembered today as the patron of several great composers of the Classical era, including Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and Ludwig van Beethoven. Van Swieten was of Dutch birth; he was born in Leiden and grew up there to the age of 11. His father Gerard van Swieten was a physician who achieved a high reputation for raising standards","title":"Gottfried van Swieten"},{"psg_id":"18445516","text":"of cultural property of national and regional significance as a \"Class A\" object of national importance and named \"Eidgenössische Gottfried Keller-Stiftung, Haldenstrasse 95\". Gottfried Keller-Stiftung Gottfried Keller-Stiftung (Gottfried Keller Foundation, ), commonly abbreviated to GKS, is an arts foundation focused on cultural heritage of Switzerland. It was named by its founder Lydia Welti-Escher (1858–1891) after the Swiss national poet Gottfried Keller (1819–1891). In a letter dated 6 September 1890, shortly before the end of her tragic life, Lydia Escher (1858–1891) offered to the federal government a generous donation. The entire Federal Council declared on 16 September 1890 the adoption of","title":"Gottfried Keller-Stiftung"},{"psg_id":"17926706","text":"Long Island. In 1954, at the age of 28, young Gottfried moved to Palm Beach to work with an uncle. The first house he built was of brick, in the 200 block of Wells Road. His client was prominent Chicago industrialist Rudolph W. Glasner, an Austrian immigrant who held patents for his inventions in machine parts for the automotive industry. Glasner and Gottfried formed a partnership and purchased an entire block in the island's North End. Their $90,000 investment led to the creation of 16 homes on what would become El Dorado Lane. Gottfried had already opened a design center","title":"Robert W. Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"8438232","text":"provoking endless discussion among those who came here. Many immigrants continued to revere his memory as the father of the German migration, and even those who blamed him for their misfortunes seem to have had a grudging respect for that kindly, guileless man.\" Gottfried Duden Gottfried Duden (May 19, 1789 – October 29, 1856) was a German emigration writer of the early 19th century. His famous book \"Bericht über eine Reise nach den westlichen Staaten Nordamerikas und einen mehrjährigen Aufenthalt am Missouri in den Jahren 1824 bis 1827\" (\"Report of a journey to the western states of North America and","title":"Gottfried Duden"},{"psg_id":"14038175","text":"Princess\". The events of September 1968 made an impression on second-wave feminists in the city, and in March 1970, they retaliated in a raid on Wall Street which they dubbed the \"Ogle-In\", in which a large group of feminists, including Karla Jay, Alix Kates Shulman, and a number of women who had participated in the sit-in at \"Ladies Home Journal\" a few weeks before, sexually harassed male Wall Streeters on their way to work. Susan Brownmiller reminisced in her memoir \"In Our Time\": Francine Gottfried Francine Gottfried (born 1947) was a clerical worker in New York City's Financial District who","title":"Francine Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"14038172","text":"the \"Daily News\". The following day, Friday, September 20, the corner of Wall and Broad was jammed with 10,000 spectators and press who waited for Gottfried in vain. Her boss had called and asked her to stay home to put a stop to the disturbances. Gottfried, who lived at home with her parents in Williamsburg, was not seeking notoriety and started taking a different route to work. \"I think they're all crazy,\" she was quoted as saying. \"What are they doing this for? I'm just an ordinary girl.\" On October 4, publicists took other busty women to Wall Street as","title":"Francine Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"16685329","text":"Gottfried Küssel Gottfried Küssel (born 10 September 1958) is an Austrian far-right political activist who also gained some notoriety in Germany. He has been a leading figure in neo-Nazism and Holocaust denial since the 1970s. Born in Vienna, Küssel first became involved in politics in 1976 when he became a member of \"Aktion Neue Rechte\", a German New Right organisation, and by his admission joined the NSDAP/AO the following year. He was also a member of the neo-Nazi \"Kameradschaft Babenberg\" from 1979 until it was outlawed in April 1980 and around this time also edited the far right magazine \"Halt\".","title":"Gottfried Küssel"},{"psg_id":"11141684","text":"of Arts and Sciences. He received the 1992 Leo Szilard Award. He is also a member of the Council of Foreign Relations. Kurt Gottfried Kurt Gottfried (born 1929) is professor emeritus of physics at Cornell University, known for his work in the areas of quantum mechanics and particle physics. He is also a co-founder with Henry Way Kendall of the Union of Concerned Scientists. He has written extensively in the areas of physics and arms control. Gottfried was born in Vienna, Austria in 1929. In 1939, after their home in Austria was raided on Kristallnacht, his family emigrated to Montreal,","title":"Kurt Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"11099796","text":"Gottfried Wagner Gottfried Wagner (born 13 April 1947 in Bayreuth) is a multimedia director and publicist. Gottfried Wagner is the son of Wolfgang Wagner and a great-grandchild of Richard Wagner. His PhD is about Kurt Weill and Bertolt Brecht. He has concentrated on German culture and politics, as well as Jewish history of the 19th and 20th centuries in numerous publications. He is a member of the PEN-Club Liechtenstein and in 1992 was a co-founder of the Post-Holocaust Discussion Group. He has been living in Italy since 1983, and has estranged himself from his father's family, openly criticising their involvement","title":"Gottfried Wagner"},{"psg_id":"8763528","text":"Richard N. Gottfried Richard N. Gottfried (born May 16, 1947) is a U.S. Democratic Party politician from Manhattan, New York City. He has represented the 75th District in the New York State Assembly for more than 40 years, making him the longest-serving member of that body. Gottfried was born in New York City, NY on May 16, 1947. He is a graduate of Stuyvesant High School (where he was a classmate of U.S. Representative Jerrold Nadler, and future political consultant Dick Morris), Cornell University (BA, 1968), and Columbia Law School (JD, 1973). Richard Gottfried represents District 75 in the New","title":"Richard N. Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"16876481","text":"28 December 1355, in which Emperor Charles IV states that he has asked Pope Innocent VI to appoint Gottfried, the son of Count Gottfried of Ziegenhain, as a canon in Mainz. In those days, an ecclesiastical career was usually planned for younger sons, while the eldest brother would inherit the county. This would suggest Gottfried had an elder brother. This hypothetical brother must have died young, as in 1360 Gottfried VIII is mentioned as the only son of Gottfried VII. Gottfried VIII was knighted on 14 March 1371. Gottfried VIII, Count of Ziegenhain Gottfried VIII, Count of Ziegenhain (after 1350","title":"Gottfried VIII, Count of Ziegenhain"},{"psg_id":"11710177","text":"Gottfried of Admont Gottfried of Admont (died 1165) was the Benedictine abbot of Admont Abbey from 1137 until his death. He is considered to be a reformer and the founder of the \"school of Admont\", and he is also credited with greatly improving the abbey's library. He was an influential figure, undertaking with Otto of Freising and Berthold of Brixen a papal commission relative to the proposed bishopric of Seckau. He strongly backed St Eberhard, who became bishop of Salzburg in 1146. Many homilies are attributed to him, taking the character of exegesis; it is now doubted whether he was","title":"Gottfried of Admont"},{"psg_id":"9099174","text":"ranch house in the Rockwood Park, Queens section of Howard Beach, Queens. Gottfried is the son of Rosalie Gottfried and the late Bertram Gottfried. Gottfried's mother is the daughter of immigrants from Çanakkale, Turkey and a long-time resident of Howard Beach, Queens. She worked as a middle-school math teacher for the New York City Board of Education for over 40 years until her retirement in 2004; her last teaching assignment prior to her retirement was the Albert Shanker School Of Visual And Performing Arts in Queens, New York. She also previously taught at the Horace Greeley Middle School JHS 10","title":"Keith Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"7326196","text":"a 1–1 draw between Italy and Yugoslavia. The final was replayed later (the Italians winning 2–0); a game refereed by the Spaniard José María Ortiz de Mendíbil. <br><br>Gottfried Dienst Gottfried Dienst Gottfried Dienst (9 September 1919, Basle – 1 June 1998, Berne) was a Swiss football referee. He is possibly best known for being the referee in the 1966 FIFA World Cup Final. At the time he was considered the best referee in the world. Dienst is one of only four men to have twice refereed a European Cup final, which he did in 1961 and 1965, and one of","title":"Gottfried Dienst"},{"psg_id":"7076812","text":"of the piano; it was only with nineteenth-century scholarship that this honor was restored to Cristofori. List of historical harpsichord makers Gottfried Silbermann Gottfried Silbermann (January 14, 1683 – August 4, 1753) was a German builder of keyboard instruments. He built harpsichords, clavichords, organs, and fortepianos; his modern reputation rests mainly on the latter two. Very little is known about Silbermann's youth. He was born in Kleinbobritzsch (now a part of Frauenstein, Saxony) as the youngest son of the carpenter Michael Silbermann. They moved to the nearby town of Frauenstein in 1685, and it is possible that Gottfried also learnt","title":"Gottfried Silbermann"},{"psg_id":"7076798","text":"Gottfried Silbermann Gottfried Silbermann (January 14, 1683 – August 4, 1753) was a German builder of keyboard instruments. He built harpsichords, clavichords, organs, and fortepianos; his modern reputation rests mainly on the latter two. Very little is known about Silbermann's youth. He was born in Kleinbobritzsch (now a part of Frauenstein, Saxony) as the youngest son of the carpenter Michael Silbermann. They moved to the nearby town of Frauenstein in 1685, and it is possible that Gottfried also learnt carpentry there. He moved to Straßburg in 1702, where he learnt organ construction from his brother and came in touch with","title":"Gottfried Silbermann"},{"psg_id":"6035526","text":"an iconic turn. Beyond this he has advanced the concept of iconic difference. Gottfried Boehm is regarded, along with Hans Belting and Horst Bredekamp, as one of the leading theoreticians of art in the German-speaking world. Monographs: As editor: Essays (selection): Gottfried Boehm Gottfried Boehm (born 1942) is a German art historian and philosopher. Boehm studied art history, philosophy and German in Cologne, Vienna and Heidelberg. He obtained his \"Promotion\" (doctorate) in philosophy in 1968 and his \"Habilitation\" in 1974 in art history. From 1975 to 1979 he taught art history at the Ruhr-Universität Bochum. In 1979 he was made","title":"Gottfried Boehm"},{"psg_id":"19107653","text":"came under the leadership of Gottfried Schultz \"Auto Höherweg\" for more than 20 automobile brands on a 15 hectare site. Gottfried Schultz is represented on the \"Auto Höherweg\" with the Volkswagen Zentrum Nordrhein, with a Škoda-operation and with the luxury brand Bentley. Gottfried Schultz is currently training more than 400 young people to automobile merchants, automotive mechatronics (automotive mechanics and auto electricians), coachbuilders, painters and specialists for warehouse logistics. The management consists of Nicholas J. Dunning 2015 (Chairman), Harald Ferry, Markus and Jürgen Ludewig Schönbrunn. The Management Board of Heinrich Weiss (Chairman), Alexander Glassmakers, Felix Goedhart, Peter J. Henssen, Martin","title":"Gottfried Schultz"},{"psg_id":"12456349","text":"its Gold Medal. Dan Gottfried Dan Gottfried (born 1939) () is an Israeli jazz pianist and music educator. In 1987 he founded the Red Sea Jazz Festival, which he directed until his retirement in 2008. He is president of the Israeli Musicians Union. Dan Gottfried studied piano at the Tel Aviv Academy of Music. In 1959 he won First Prize in the Mozart Piano competition. In 1962 he earned an undergraduate degree in economics at Hebrew University of Jerusalem and went on to study law. He began his career as a classical pianist in the early 1960s. In the 1970s","title":"Dan Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"12456345","text":"Dan Gottfried Dan Gottfried (born 1939) () is an Israeli jazz pianist and music educator. In 1987 he founded the Red Sea Jazz Festival, which he directed until his retirement in 2008. He is president of the Israeli Musicians Union. Dan Gottfried studied piano at the Tel Aviv Academy of Music. In 1959 he won First Prize in the Mozart Piano competition. In 1962 he earned an undergraduate degree in economics at Hebrew University of Jerusalem and went on to study law. He began his career as a classical pianist in the early 1960s. In the 1970s he was one","title":"Dan Gottfried"},{"psg_id":"11141679","text":"electron-proton scattering and the spectroscopy of heavy-quark bound states; and proposed the Gottfried sum rule for deep inelastic scattering to test the elementary quark model. Gottfried's \"Quantum Mechanics: Fundamentals\", originally published in 1966, is considered \"one of the most used and respected accounts of quantum theory\". Gottfried is known for his work in the 1970s on charmonium, with Estia J. Eichten, Toichiro Kinoshita, Ken Lane and Tung-Mow Yan. Gottfried served as chair of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American Physical Society in 1981. With Victor Weisskopf, he wrote \"Concepts of Particle Physics\" (1984), which was hailed as","title":"Kurt Gottfried"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3062409\",\n \"text\": \"interviews, most often with veteran actors, comedians, musicians and comedy writers. \\\"Gilbert\\\", a documentary film on Gottfried's life and career, was released in 2017. At age 15, Gottfried began doing amateur stand-up in New York City and, after a few years, became known around New York as \\\"the comedian's comedian.\\\" In 1980, \\\"Saturday Night Live\\\" was being retooled with a new staff and new comedians; the producers noticed Gottfried and hired him as a cast member for season 6. Gottfried's persona in \\\"SNL\\\" sketches was very different from his later characterization: he rarely (if ever) spoke in his trademark screeching,\",\n \"title\": \"Gilbert Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3062417\",\n \"text\": \"Sideshow Network premiered \\\"Gilbert Gottfried's Amazing Colossal Podcast\\\", an interview series where Gottfried and his co-host Frank Santopadre discuss classic movies and talk to \\\"Hollywood legends and behind-the-scenes talents\\\" who shaped Gottfried's childhood and influenced his comedy. His first guest was Dick Cavett. Gottfried was the third contestant fired during the fourteenth season of the NBC reality show \\\"The Celebrity Apprentice\\\". In 2016 he played the 'Pig Man' in a comedy/fantasy film \\\"Abnormal Attraction\\\". In 2017 he appeared as himself in \\\"Episodes\\\", where a contestant on a fictional TV endurance gameshow is penalised with \\\"48 hours of Gilbert Gottfried\\\". On\",\n \"title\": \"Gilbert Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3062419\",\n \"text\": \"voice of Jared Kushner\\\" in dubbed film clips on the show. In the late 1990s, Gottfried met Dara Kravitz at a Grammy Awards party. They were married in 2007 and have two children together, daughter Lily and son Max. They reside in the Chelsea neighborhood of Manhattan. Gottfried was raised in a Jewish family, but he has commented on his podcast that he did not have a bar mitzvah. One of his sisters was Arlene Gottfried, a New York Street photographer, who died in 2017. Danny Gallagher of the \\\"Dallas Observer\\\" wrote that \\\"Gottfried has one of the most original\",\n \"title\": \"Gilbert Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3062420\",\n \"text\": \"formulas in the history of comedy\\\", adding: Gottfried is known for speaking in a loud and grating voice, which is not his natural speaking voice. Mark Binneli of \\\"Rolling Stone\\\" described Gottfried as a \\\"squinting, squawking mass of contradictions\\\", noting his status as \\\"one of America's filthiest stand-ups and one of the most successful voice-over artists in children's entertainment.\\\" Gottfried is known for joking about recent tragedies. In a July 2012 op-ed for CNN, he wrote: At the 43rd Primetime Emmy Awards, Gottfried made \\\"an endless series of masturbation jokes\\\" in reference to Paul Reubens' arrest for masturbating in an\",\n \"title\": \"Gilbert Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3062415\",\n \"text\": \"and Mandy\\\" as Santa Claus in the one-hour Christmas Special. He voiced Rick Platypus in an episode of \\\"My Gym Partner's a Monkey\\\" entitled \\\"That Darn Platypus\\\". He appeared as Peter's horse in an episode of \\\"Family Guy\\\" entitled \\\"Boys Do Cry\\\" (in which Peter Griffin is enthused to learn that Gottfried is providing the horse's voice). He also guest-starred in \\\"Hannah Montana\\\" as Barny Bittmen. In January 2009, Gottfried worked again with David Faustino for an episode of Faustino's show \\\"Star-ving\\\". In 2011, Gottfried appeared in the episode \\\"Lost Traveler\\\" on \\\"\\\" as Leo Gerber, a sarcastic computer professional\",\n \"title\": \"Gilbert Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3062412\",\n \"text\": \"the trees!\\\" Gottfried reprised the role in \\\"\\\", \\\"Aladdin and the King of Thieves\\\", the television series and various related media, such as \\\"Kingdom Hearts\\\" and \\\"House of Mouse\\\". Gottfried also voiced Berkely Beetle in 1994's Thumbelina. In 1996, he starred as a talking smoke detector, in \\\"Be Cool about Fire Safety,\\\" a short fire safety video for younger audiences. Gottfried was the host of the Saturday edition of \\\"USA Up All Night\\\" for its entire run from 1989 to 1998. Gottfried has provided the voice of the duck in the Aflac commercials and Digit in \\\"Cyberchase\\\", as well as\",\n \"title\": \"Gilbert Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3062422\",\n \"text\": \"at the Empire State Building first\\\". This was one of the first public examples of 9/11 humor. Audience members responded with hisses and a cry of \\\"Too soon!\\\" Gottfried then abandoned his prepared remarks and launched into the venerable Aristocrats joke, winning back the audience. Penn Jillette and Paul Provenza used Gottfried's monologue as a segment in their 2005 film \\\"The Aristocrats\\\". In March 2011, Gottfried made a series of jokes on his Twitter account about the earthquake disaster in Japan. Aflac, which does 75% of its business in Japan, responded by dismissing Gottfried from voicing its duck mascot on\",\n \"title\": \"Gilbert Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3062413\",\n \"text\": \"Mister Mxyzptlk in \\\"\\\". He reprised his role as Myxzptlk in \\\"\\\", \\\"Justice League Action\\\", and \\\"Lego DC Super-Villains\\\". He also voiced a nasty wisecracking criminal genius named Nick-Nack in two episodes of \\\"Superboy\\\" (he also co-wrote an issue of \\\"\\\", which featured Nick-Nack's origin). On \\\"The Tonight Show with Jay Leno\\\", Gottfried has made regular appearances. In 2004, Comedy Central featured Gottfried's stand-up material for \\\"Shorties Watchin' Shorties\\\". Gottfried was part of an online advertising campaign for Microsoft's Office XP software, showing, in a series of Flash-animated cartoons, that the Clippy office assistant would be removed. In 2006, Gottfried\",\n \"title\": \"Gilbert Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4035049\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Saturday Night Live\\\" producer Marci Klein was named as the president of SNL Studios Television in December 1999, while Richard Feldman was appointed head of SNL Studios Films in June of the same year. SNL Studios SNL Studios is a production company, founded in July 1997 as a joint venture between \\\"Saturday Night Live\\\" executive producer Lorne Michaels and NBC Studios (now Universal Television, the production arm of NBCUniversal a subsidiary of Comcast). While this venture also initially included Paramount Pictures, it was dissolved following NBC's merger with Universal Studios. On the television side, SNL Studios produces \\\"Saturday Night Live\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"SNL Studios\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3062416\",\n \"text\": \"working for the NYPD's Technical Assistance Response Unit, which producer Warren Leight said could become a recurring character. Gottfried read a section from the hit book \\\"Fifty Shades of Grey\\\" in a June 2012 YouTube video, which was created with the aim of using Gottfried's trademark voice to make fun of the book's graphic sexual content. In 2013, Gottfried became a member of \\\"Team Rachael\\\" on the second season of Food Network's \\\"\\\". In March 2013 he appeared on ABC's \\\"Celebrity Wife Swap\\\". He swapped wives with Alan Thicke. He is also a commentator on \\\"\\\". On May 28, 2014,\",\n \"title\": \"Gilbert Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20125722\",\n \"text\": \"a score of 94% on Rotten Tomatoes. \\\"Gilbert\\\" won the Special Jury Prize for Best Documentary at the 2017 deadCENTER Film Festival. Gilbert (film) Gilbert is a 2017 American documentary film about the life and career of comedian Gilbert Gottfried. It opened in theaters on November 3, 2017. The film depicts Gottfried's everyday life with his wife and two children. The film also depicts Gottfried's interactions with his two sisters and his relationship with his parents. The film also discusses The Aristocrats joke told at the Hugh Hefner roast that occurred right after the September 11 attacks. Gottfried had just\",\n \"title\": \"Gilbert (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4035048\",\n \"text\": \"SNL Studios SNL Studios is a production company, founded in July 1997 as a joint venture between \\\"Saturday Night Live\\\" executive producer Lorne Michaels and NBC Studios (now Universal Television, the production arm of NBCUniversal a subsidiary of Comcast). While this venture also initially included Paramount Pictures, it was dissolved following NBC's merger with Universal Studios. On the television side, SNL Studios produces \\\"Saturday Night Live\\\" in association with Broadway Video. Film productions, typically offshoots of Saturday Night Live' sketches, include, among others, \\\"A Night at the Roxbury\\\" and \\\"Superstar\\\". Following the announcement of the creation of SNL Studios, veteran\",\n \"title\": \"SNL Studios\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20297663\",\n \"text\": \"Voice, and The Independent (London (UK)). She was an habitué of Nuyorican Poets Café, a friend of Miguel Piñero, and on the Lower East Side sang gospel with the Eternal Light Community Singers. Her photography dealer was the owner of the Daniel Cooney Fine Art Gallery. Arlene Gottfried died on August 8, 2017 from complications of breast cancer at her home in Manhattan at the age of 66 surrounded by friends and family. Gottfried converted to Pentecostal and brother Gilbert humorously called her a 'Jew for Jesus'. Arlene Gottfried Arlene Harriet Gottfried (August 26, 1950 – August 8, 2017) was\",\n \"title\": \"Arlene Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3062421\",\n \"text\": \"adult movie theater. Viewers on the east coast saw the entire set live, but Fox censored the broadcast for the west coast delay. Fox issued an apology, stating that Gottfried's jokes were \\\"irresponsible and insulting\\\". Gottfried said that producers stated he would not be invited back, and \\\"Rolling Stone\\\" wrote that the monologue resulted in him being \\\"blacklisted\\\". During his monologue at a Friars Club roast of Hugh Hefner three weeks after the September 11 attacks, Gottfried joked that he had intended to catch a plane, but could not get a direct flight because \\\"they said they have to stop\",\n \"title\": \"Gilbert Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3062410\",\n \"text\": \"obnoxious voice and never squinted. During his 12-episode stint, he was given very little airtime and seldom used in sketches. Gottfried recalls a low point was having to play a corpse in a sketch about a sports organist hired to play inappropriate music at a funeral. Despite this, he had one recurring character (Leo Waxman, husband to Denny Dillon's Pinky Waxman on the recurring talk show sketch, \\\"What's It All About?\\\") and two celebrity impersonations: David A. Stockman and controversial film director Roman Polanski. Gottfried also played accountant Sidney Bernstein in the 1987 film \\\"Beverly Hills Cop II\\\". Although not\",\n \"title\": \"Gilbert Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20125720\",\n \"text\": \"Gilbert (film) Gilbert is a 2017 American documentary film about the life and career of comedian Gilbert Gottfried. It opened in theaters on November 3, 2017. The film depicts Gottfried's everyday life with his wife and two children. The film also depicts Gottfried's interactions with his two sisters and his relationship with his parents. The film also discusses The Aristocrats joke told at the Hugh Hefner roast that occurred right after the September 11 attacks. Gottfried had just made a joke about a flight to California that had to make a stop at the Empire State Building. The film also\",\n \"title\": \"Gilbert (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4014804\",\n \"text\": \"of the show and produced a special for Michaels in 1978, was one of the few who remained. She was offered Michaels' job running \\\"SNL\\\", much to Michaels' surprise, and took over the show for the 1980 season, hiring a completely new cast and new writers. Doumanian's tenure as \\\"SNL\\\" executive producer was tumultuous. She hired Denny Dillon, Gilbert Gottfried, Gail Matthius, Joe Piscopo, Ann Risley and Charles Rocket as repertory players, and Yvonne Hudson, Matthew Laurance and Patrick Weathers as featured players. Then-unknown Eddie Murphy would join the show as a featured player on the fourth episode and was\",\n \"title\": \"Jean Doumanian\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7623621\",\n \"text\": \"SNL Digital Short An \\\"SNL\\\" Digital Short is one in a series of comedic and often musical video shorts created for NBC's \\\"Saturday Night Live\\\". Generally produced and written by The Lonely Island (Jorma Taccone, Akiva Schaffer and Andy Samberg), the series was originated by Adam McKay, in collaboration with \\\"SNL\\\" hosts, writers, and cast members. The segments were originally recorded with consumer grade digital video cameras and edited on personal computers. It is usual for the episode's hosts and musical guests (the latter on rarer occasions) to take part in the episode's short, and several shorts have included celebrity\",\n \"title\": \"SNL Digital Short\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9314339\",\n \"text\": \"2018 when the Elite League Capitals did. Net Minders Defense Forwards Edinburgh Capitals (SNL) The Edinburgh Capitals (SNL) were an ice hockey team based in Edinburgh, Scotland. Formed in 1998, they were the 'B' team for the Elite League Capitals with whom they shared their name. The Edinburgh Capitals (SNL) played in the Scottish National League which is considered a third tier league in the United Kingdom equivalent to the equivalent to the NIHL. Certain players also ice for or have iced for their Elite League counterparts. The Captain for the 2017-18 season was Joel Gautschi. His assistants were the\",\n \"title\": \"Edinburgh Capitals (SNL)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9314338\",\n \"text\": \"Edinburgh Capitals (SNL) The Edinburgh Capitals (SNL) were an ice hockey team based in Edinburgh, Scotland. Formed in 1998, they were the 'B' team for the Elite League Capitals with whom they shared their name. The Edinburgh Capitals (SNL) played in the Scottish National League which is considered a third tier league in the United Kingdom equivalent to the equivalent to the NIHL. Certain players also ice for or have iced for their Elite League counterparts. The Captain for the 2017-18 season was Joel Gautschi. His assistants were the two veterans, Ross Hay and Gary Hughes. The team folded in\",\n \"title\": \"Edinburgh Capitals (SNL)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18859617\",\n \"text\": \"they visited the New York City set of the original \\\"Saturday Night Live\\\", including brief interviews with some of \\\"SNL's\\\" cast. Télé-Québec announced in early 2015 that due to cutbacks to its budget, the series would not be renewed for another season. Ici Radio-Canada Télé subsequently announced that it had signed the show's production team and cast to produce a new series, \\\"Le nouveau show\\\", for that network. SNL Québec SNL Québec is a Canadian television sketch comedy series, which aired on Télé-Québec in 2014 and 2015. A French language adaptation of the influential American sketch comedy series \\\"Saturday Night\",\n \"title\": \"SNL Québec\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18859615\",\n \"text\": \"SNL Québec SNL Québec is a Canadian television sketch comedy series, which aired on Télé-Québec in 2014 and 2015. A French language adaptation of the influential American sketch comedy series \\\"Saturday Night Live\\\", the series featured both translated recreations of sketches from the original series — the show's first episode included a translation of the iconic Schweddy Balls sketch — and original material written for the Quebec series — a sketch in the second episode, for example, recast the leaders' debate from the 2014 provincial election as an episode of \\\"Un dîner presque parfait\\\", the French-language version of \\\"Come Dine\",\n \"title\": \"SNL Québec\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7623625\",\n \"text\": \"Digital Shorts on official YouTube postings, these shorts aired on an SNL episode but not with the official SNL Digital Short title card. As with the Digital Shorts, these are directed by Akiva Schaffer. However, according to the official LonelyIsland website, the MacGruber shorts are directed by Jorma Taccone and written by Will Forte. The short \\\"Lazy Sunday\\\", which aired December 17, 2005, was viewed more than five million times on YouTube alone before it was removed due to copyright infringement. In late 2006, however, NBC began uploading \\\"SNL\\\" shorts on YouTube themselves. The short \\\"Dick in a Box\\\" which\",\n \"title\": \"SNL Digital Short\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3062411\",\n \"text\": \"a regular, he also appeared in \\\"The Amazing Live Sea Monkeys\\\", as well as voicing the crazed dentist Dr. Bender and his son Wendell in \\\"The Fairly OddParents\\\" and the voice of Jerry the Belly Button Elf on \\\"Ren and Stimpy\\\". Three of his most prominent roles came in 1990, 1991, and 1992, when he was cast as the adoption agent Igor Peabody in \\\"Problem Child\\\" and \\\"Problem Child 2\\\" and the parrot Iago in \\\"Aladdin\\\". When asked how he prepared for the role, Gottfried said, \\\"I did the whole DeNiro thing. I moved to South America! I lived in\",\n \"title\": \"Gilbert Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3062414\",\n \"text\": \"topped the \\\"Boston Phoenix\\\"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s tongue-in-cheek list of the world's 100 Unsexiest Men. In April 2006, Gottfried performed with the University of Pennsylvania's Mask and Wig Club in their annual Intercollegiate Comedy Festival. Also in 2006, he made an appearance on the \\\"Let's Make a Deal\\\" portion of \\\"Gameshow Marathon\\\" (as a baby in a large high chair, he says \\\"Hey Ricki, I think I need my diaper changed!\\\"), and in the Dodge Viper in the big deal (where he tells the contestants \\\"What were you thinking?!\\\" because neither one picked it). He also guest-starred in \\\"The Grim Adventures of Billy\",\n \"title\": \"Gilbert Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7623630\",\n \"text\": \"each other after reading it. While the reading officer laughs it off, his partner turns and shoots him as the reading officer shoots him as well to overlapping \\\"Hide & Seek\\\" cues. On April 16, 2007, two days following the initial air date of the sketch, the Virginia Tech shooting occurred and became the deadliest school shooting in modern U.S. history. Noam Cohen of \\\"The New York Times\\\" criticized fans of the short for insensitivity when they continued to make YouTube videos based on it. SNL Digital Short An \\\"SNL\\\" Digital Short is one in a series of comedic and\",\n \"title\": \"SNL Digital Short\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6269488\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Annie Hall\\\", \\\"Manhattan\\\" and \\\"Stardust Memories\\\". Before joining the cast of \\\"Saturday Night Live\\\", she had a cameo on the show in 1976 as a psychiatrist's patient. She was cast for \\\"Saturday Night Live\\\" by Jean Doumanian, who had previously been the show's guest-booker, then associate producer. After 12 episodes, Doumanian was let go and replaced by Dick Ebersol, who fired Gilbert Gottfried, Charles Rocket, and Risley from the cast before his first episode. In a 1999 article in \\\"People\\\", Risley was quoted as saying her SNL experience was \\\"horrible\\\". Prior to (and after) Saturday Night Live, Risley had roles\",\n \"title\": \"Ann Risley\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4014806\",\n \"text\": \"asked Rocket what it felt like to be shot, he replied \\\"Oh man, it's the first time I've been shot in my life. I'd like to know who the fuck did it.\\\" The uncensored expletive, seemingly planned, landed the show, its producer and the network in trouble. After one further episode on March 7, 1981, the show was put on a month-long hiatus after NBC executives decided the show needed an immediate overhaul, and Doumanian was dismissed from her position at \\\"SNL\\\" and replaced by Dick Ebersol, who fired Gilbert Gottfried, Ann Risley and Charles Rocket before the end of\",\n \"title\": \"Jean Doumanian\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7125734\",\n \"text\": \"Brian Gottfried Brian Edward Gottfried (born January 27, 1952) is a retired American tennis player who won 25 singles titles and 54 doubles titles during his professional career. The right-hander was the runner-up at the 1977 French Open and achieved a career-high singles ranking on the ATP tour on June 19, 1977, when he became World No. 3. Gottfried was born in Baltimore, Maryland, and is Jewish. He began playing tennis at the age of 5, after receiving a racquet as a gift. In all, Gottfried won 14 national junior titles. As a teen Gottfried attended Baylor School in Chattanooga,\",\n \"title\": \"Brian Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20125721\",\n \"text\": \"discusses the controversy surrounding tweets Gottfried made after the earthquake disaster in Japan that led to his firing as the voice of the Aflac duck. \\\"Gilbert\\\" premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 20, 2017. The film was also shown at the 2017 Hot Docs Film Festival and the 2017 deadCENTER Film Festival The film was acquired by Gravitas Ventures and was released in New York City on November 3, 2017 and in Los Angeles on November 10, 2017. \\\"Gilbert\\\" was released on iTunes on November 14, 2017. The film has earned very high critical praise. \\\"Gilbert\\\" currently has\",\n \"title\": \"Gilbert (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7125737\",\n \"text\": \"this record for 32 years, eventually being succeeded by David Ferrer. Gottfried was 7–7 in Davis Cup play for the US between 1975 and 1982 and won it twice (in 1978 and 1982). Gottfried won the 1974 and 1975 ATP Doubles Team of the Year Award with partner Raúl Ramírez. He won the 1976 ATP Most Improved Player Award. He won the ATP Sportsmanship award in 1984. Gottfried was inducted into the Intercollegiate Tennis Association's Intercollegiate Tennis Hall of Fame in 1990. Gottfried, who is Jewish, was inducted into the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 1999. Gottfried now\",\n \"title\": \"Brian Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7623622\",\n \"text\": \"cameos. The shorts generally took fewer than five days to complete. Akiva Schaffer has directed a majority of them, with Taccone as occasional director or co-director. Taccone, along with his brother, Asa, have produced music for the shorts as necessary. With the departure of Samberg from \\\"SNL\\\" in 2012, it was speculated that the era of videos branded \\\"An SNL Digital Short\\\" had come to an end, although the episode on January 26, 2013 featured a Digital Short, as well as two during the Samberg-hosted season 39 finale on May 18, 2014. Another short was aired during the Saturday Night\",\n \"title\": \"SNL Digital Short\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1779759\",\n \"text\": \"Paul Gottfried Paul Edward Gottfried (born November 21, 1941) is an American paleoconservative philosopher, historian, and columnist. He is a former Horace Raffensperger Professor of Humanities at Elizabethtown College in Elizabethtown, Pennsylvania, as well as a Guggenheim recipient. He is currently H. L. Mencken Club President. Gottfried was born in Brooklyn in 1941, to Jewish parents. His father was a successful furrier from Budapest, who had fled Hungary after the July Putsch of 1934. The family moved to Bridgeport shortly after his birth. Gottfried attended Yeshiva University in New York as an undergraduate and returned to Connecticut to attend Yale.\",\n \"title\": \"Paul Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8717515\",\n \"text\": \"Dennis Smith, Jr., who played for Gottfried at NC State for one season, in the 2017 NBA Draft. Gottfried was hired as head coach on March 12, 2018. Gottfried is divorced and the father of four sons and one daughter. His oldest son, Brandon, was a standout athlete at Gulf Shores High School (Gulf Shores, Alabama) in both football and basketball and graduated from Stanford University, where he played football as a tight end. His daughter, Mary Layson, is an accomplished international fashion model. His father, Joe Gottfried, was also a basketball coach and recently retired as Director of Athletics\",\n \"title\": \"Mark Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8716326\",\n \"text\": \"eleven, and understood the difficulty and hardships young men without fathers feel. There is also a group for females called G.I.R.L.S. Network. Assistants under Gottfried who became NCAA or NFL head coaches: Mike Gottfried Mike Gottfried (born December 17, 1944) is a sportscaster and former American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Murray State University (1978–1980), the University of Cincinnati (1981–1982), the University of Kansas (1983–1985), and the University of Pittsburgh (1986–1989), compiling a career college football record of 76–55–4. Gottfried played college football at Morehead State University as a quarterback from 1962 to\",\n \"title\": \"Mike Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7125738\",\n \"text\": \"lives in Ponte Vedra, Florida. In 2007 Gottfried joined the coaching staff at the Harold Solomon Tennis Institute in Fort Lauderdale. In 2010, Gottfried coached with the Bollettieri Tennis Program at the IMG Academy in Bradenton, Florida. He was elected to the ATP Player Council in 2012 as an alumni representative. In 2015, he joined the coaching staff at the Bolles School His younger brother, Larry was also a tennis player. Brian Gottfried Brian Edward Gottfried (born January 27, 1952) is a retired American tennis player who won 25 singles titles and 54 doubles titles during his professional career. The\",\n \"title\": \"Brian Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15186788\",\n \"text\": \"some of his music has been recorded. The theme music for the first of the Karl May talkies, \\\"Through the Desert\\\" (1936), is included in the Karl May Film Music Collection Box \\\"Wild West, Hot Orient\\\". Letters of Gottfried Huppertz are held by the Leipzig music publisher CF Peters in the Leipzig State Archives. Gottfried Huppertz Gottfried Huppertz (11 March 1887 – 7 February 1937) was a German composer who is perhaps most known for his scores to German expressionist silent films such as the science fiction epic \\\"Metropolis\\\" (1927). He collaborated with legendary director Fritz Lang on multiple occasions.\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried Huppertz\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8251276\",\n \"text\": \"to the point of eclipsing most other names in \\\"God-\\\" (such as \\\"Godabert, Gotahard, Godohelm, Godomar, Goduin, Gotrat, Godulf\\\", etc.) The name was Latinised as \\\"Godefridus\\\". Medieval bearers of the name include: A notable early modern bearer of the name is Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz (1646-1716). \\\"Gottfried\\\" remains comparatively popular in Germany, ranking in the top 200 masculine given names. Gottfried Gottfried is a masculine German given name. It is derived from the Old High German name \\\", recorded since the 7th century. The name is composed of the elements ' (conflated from the etyma for 'God' and 'good', and\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8251275\",\n \"text\": \"Gottfried Gottfried is a masculine German given name. It is derived from the Old High German name \\\", recorded since the 7th century. The name is composed of the elements ' (conflated from the etyma for 'God' and 'good', and possibly further conflated with ') and \\\" ('peace, protection'). The German name was commonly hypocoristically abbreviated as \\\"Götz\\\" from the late medieval period. \\\"Götz\\\" and variants (including \\\"Göthe, Göthke\\\" and \\\"Göpfert\\\") also came into use as German surnames. Gottfried is a common Jewish surname as well. The given name \\\"Gottfried\\\" became extremely frequent in Germany in the High Middle Ages,\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9099177\",\n \"text\": \"John Adams High School, Gottfried served as the Editor-in-Chief of the high school's newspaper, \\\"The Campus\\\". In August 2004, Gottfried became engaged to Cindy Goldwasser, an attorney, who was then employed as a mediator with the Peninsula Conflict Resolution Center in San Mateo, California. On April 1, 2005, Gottfried and Goldwasser were married in a civil ceremony held in San Jose, California. Two weeks later, on April 17, 2005, they were married in a religious ceremony held at the Tierra del Sol Resort, Spa & Country Club in Aruba. Mrs. Gottfried, a graduate of the McGeorge School of Law of\",\n \"title\": \"Keith Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11784751\",\n \"text\": \"life of her latest victim, Friedrich Kleine. It was the night of March 6, 1828, the day of her 43rd birthday, when she was arrested. She was sentenced to death by decapitation. She was publicly executed on April 21, 1831. It was the last public execution in the history of Bremen. Gottfried 's deathmask was made to study the facial patterns of criminal women. This is within the field of study of now obsolete phrenology. Gesche Gottfried Gesche Margarethe Gottfried, born Gesche Margarethe Timm (6 March 1785 - 21 April 1831), was a serial killer who murdered 15 people by\",\n \"title\": \"Gesche Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16092299\",\n \"text\": \"chimpanzees posed when they got agitated. A Tim Kazurinsky and Tony Rosato sketch. Debuted April 11, 1981. Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 1980–1981 The following is a list of recurring \\\"Saturday Night Live\\\" characters and sketches introduced between November 15, 1980, and April 11, 1981, the sixth season of \\\"SNL\\\". A Gail Matthius and Denny Dillon sketch. Debuted November 15, 1980. A Gilbert Gottfried and Denny Dillon sketch. Debuted November 15, 1980. A Joe Piscopo sketch. Debuted December 6, 1980. An Eddie Murphy sketch. Debuted December 6, 1980. A Denny Dillon sketch. Debuted December 6, 1980. A\",\n \"title\": \"Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 1980–1981\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16092293\",\n \"text\": \"Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 1980–1981 The following is a list of recurring \\\"Saturday Night Live\\\" characters and sketches introduced between November 15, 1980, and April 11, 1981, the sixth season of \\\"SNL\\\". A Gail Matthius and Denny Dillon sketch. Debuted November 15, 1980. A Gilbert Gottfried and Denny Dillon sketch. Debuted November 15, 1980. A Joe Piscopo sketch. Debuted December 6, 1980. An Eddie Murphy sketch. Debuted December 6, 1980. A Denny Dillon sketch. Debuted December 6, 1980. A Denny Dillon and Gail Matthius sketch. Debuted December 13, 1980. A Charles Rocket and Gail Matthius sketch.\",\n \"title\": \"Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 1980–1981\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4244542\",\n \"text\": \"Gottfried Mind Gottfried Mind (; 25 September 1768 – 17 November 1814) was a Swiss autistic savant who specialized in drawing. He was called the Raphael of Cats because of the excellence with which he painted that animal. Gottfried Mind was born at Bern in the year 1768. His father had come as a joiner and form-cutter to Switzerland from Lipsich, in Upper Hungary. Mind was mostly left to himself because of his weak constitution. Herr Gruner was a lover of art. During the summer, he had a German artist named Legel in his house who often drew buildings and\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried Mind\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11141676\",\n \"text\": \"Kurt Gottfried Kurt Gottfried (born 1929) is professor emeritus of physics at Cornell University, known for his work in the areas of quantum mechanics and particle physics. He is also a co-founder with Henry Way Kendall of the Union of Concerned Scientists. He has written extensively in the areas of physics and arms control. Gottfried was born in Vienna, Austria in 1929. In 1939, after their home in Austria was raided on Kristallnacht, his family emigrated to Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Gottfried attended McGill University, studying both theoretical and engineering physics. Gottfried studied with Victor Weisskopf at Massachusetts Institute of Technology\",\n \"title\": \"Kurt Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20906021\",\n \"text\": \"when measures were taken at longer intervals. That is, the IQ scores at later time-points tended to be less correlated with scores at earlier time-points as the interval between assessment waves increased. Adele and Allen Gottfried also co-edited the book \\\"Maternal Employment and Children’s Development\\\" published in 1988\\\".\\\" This book addressed concerns about the growing numbers of women with young children who were entering the workforce. Their main finding was that the children of working mothers did not appear to suffer as a consequence of their mother's employment status. Adele Eskeles Gottfried Adele Eskeles Gottfried is a professor and psychologist\",\n \"title\": \"Adele Eskeles Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8716324\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Gottfried Mike Gottfried (born December 17, 1944) is a sportscaster and former American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Murray State University (1978–1980), the University of Cincinnati (1981–1982), the University of Kansas (1983–1985), and the University of Pittsburgh (1986–1989), compiling a career college football record of 76–55–4. Gottfried played college football at Morehead State University as a quarterback from 1962 to 1965. Before moving to the college coaching ranks, he coached high school football in Ohio, tallying a mark of 50–19–1. Gottfried is the uncle of Mark Gottfried, the head men's basketball coach\",\n \"title\": \"Mike Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20906016\",\n \"text\": \"Adele Eskeles Gottfried Adele Eskeles Gottfried is a professor and psychologist best known for her work in the field of intrinsic motivation, giftedness, and academic achievement. Gottfried is Professor of Educational Psychology at California State University, Northridge where she is Director of Research Enhancement of the Michael D. Eisner College of Education. Gottfried is known for creating the \\\"Children’s Academic Intrinsic Motivation Inventory\\\" (CAIMI) and for co-directing the Fullerton Longitudinal Study with Allen W. Gottfried. Gottfried was awarded the Social Responsibility Award from the Western Psychological Association in 2011 \\\"based on her research in the field of intrinsic motivation that\",\n \"title\": \"Adele Eskeles Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9424256\",\n \"text\": \"contained in the second \\\"Notebook for Anna Magdalena Bach\\\", may be his. After his father's death in 1750 Gottfried Heinrich lived with his younger sister Elisabeth Juliane Friederica and her husband Johann Christoph Altnickol. Altnickol was a musician who lived and worked in Naumburg approximately southwest of Leipzig. After his brother-in-law's death in 1759 Gottfried Heinrich stayed on in Naumburg with his sister until his own death a few years later. Gottfried Heinrich Bach Gottfried Heinrich Bach (26 February 1724 – 12 February 1763) was the firstborn son of Johann Sebastian Bach by his second wife Anna Magdalena Wilcke. He\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried Heinrich Bach\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4366854\",\n \"text\": \"Gottfried von Cramm Gottfried Alexander Maximilian Walter Kurt Freiherr von Cramm (English: Baron Gottfried von Cramm, ; 7 July 1909 – 8 November 1976), was a German amateur tennis champion who won the French Open twice. He was ranked number 2 in the world in 1934 and 1936, and number 1 in the world in 1937. He was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1977, an organisation which considers that he is \\\"most remembered for a gallant effort in defeat against Don Budge in the 1937 Interzone Final at Wimbledon\\\". Cramm represented Germany during the rise of\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried von Cramm\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9625526\",\n \"text\": \"und Rechte\\\" (Public law of the city of Danzig, or the city's constitution and rights, 1769). He was also the editor of the first edition of \\\"Polish Chronicle\\\" by Gallus Anonymous (who at that time was assumed to have been a Pole) and the \\\"Chronicle\\\" by Wincenty Kadłubek. Gottfried Lengnich Gottfried Lengnich () (4 December 1689 – 28 April 1774) was an 18th-century historian, lawyer and politician. He became known for writing the 9-volume \\\"History of Royal Prussia\\\" and for teaching Stanisław August Poniatowski, the last king of Poland. Gottfried Lengnich was born to the family of a wealthy merchant\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried Lengnich\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20297660\",\n \"text\": \"Arlene Gottfried Arlene Harriet Gottfried (August 26, 1950 – August 8, 2017) was a New York City street photographer who recorded scenes of ordinary daily life in some of the city's less well-to-do neighborhoods. Her work was not widely known until she was in her 50s. Although Jewish by birth, later in her life she embarked on a career as a gospel singer. \\\"Gottfried published five books of her work: \\\"The Eternal Light\\\" (Dewi Lewis Publishing, 1999), \\\"Midnight\\\" (powerHouse 2003), \\\"Sometimes Overwhelming\\\" (2008); One of her series,\\\"Bacalaitos and Fireworks\\\" (powerHouse 2011), focused on Puerto Ricans in the 1970s. and \\\"Mommie\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Arlene Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20168431\",\n \"text\": \"Salzburg and Augsburg, where he was interrogated by TICOM, the project formed in World War II by the United States to find and seize German intelligence assets. Gottfried Schapper Gottfried Schapper (* 16 December 1888 in Groß Möringen; † district of Stendal in the 20th century) was a German listening specialist, before and during World War II. Gottfried Schapper, was an Signals intelligence officer, who was known for having the original idea for the Forschungsamt signal intelligence agency. Schapper had worked in the Reichswehr Ministry cipher bureau from 1927 to 1933, which would later form part of Luftwaffe signals intelligence\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried Schapper\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20168425\",\n \"text\": \"Gottfried Schapper Gottfried Schapper (* 16 December 1888 in Groß Möringen; † district of Stendal in the 20th century) was a German listening specialist, before and during World War II. Gottfried Schapper, was an Signals intelligence officer, who was known for having the original idea for the Forschungsamt signal intelligence agency. Schapper had worked in the Reichswehr Ministry cipher bureau from 1927 to 1933, which would later form part of Luftwaffe signals intelligence unit, had been dissatisfied by both the scope of monitoring and intercept work and the incompetence of the methods employed there. He along with some colleagues, including\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried Schapper\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14038169\",\n \"text\": \"Francine Gottfried Francine Gottfried (born 1947) was a clerical worker in New York City's Financial District who acquired sudden brief celebrity when, in the space of two weeks in September 1968, increasing numbers of men began watching her as she walked to work. Newspapers dubbed her \\\"Wall Street's Sweater Girl\\\" as her curvaceous figure seemed to be the sole reason that crowds formed spontaneously around her whenever she appeared in the financial district. Gottfried started working at Chemical Bank in the financial district on May 27, 1968. By late August, a small band of girl watchers had noticed her, and\",\n \"title\": \"Francine Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11784747\",\n \"text\": \"Gesche Gottfried Gesche Margarethe Gottfried, born Gesche Margarethe Timm (6 March 1785 - 21 April 1831), was a serial killer who murdered 15 people by arsenic poisoning in Bremen and Hanover, Germany, between 1813 and 1827. She was the last person to be publicly executed in the city of Bremen. Gottfried was born into a poor family, she had a twin brother, Johann Timm Junior. Her parents, Johann Timm and Gesche Margarethe Timm, always had a preference for her brother. The reasons behind Gottfried's crimes remains unclear and widely debated, but the emotional deprivation she suffered during her childhood and\",\n \"title\": \"Gesche Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1779762\",\n \"text\": \"surrounding conferences organized by his think tank, the National Policy Institute. Gottfried is current president of the H.L. Mencken Club which was founded in 2008. He also serves as editorial board chairman of the \\\"San Francisco Review of Books\\\". Paul Gottfried Paul Edward Gottfried (born November 21, 1941) is an American paleoconservative philosopher, historian, and columnist. He is a former Horace Raffensperger Professor of Humanities at Elizabethtown College in Elizabethtown, Pennsylvania, as well as a Guggenheim recipient. He is currently H. L. Mencken Club President. Gottfried was born in Brooklyn in 1941, to Jewish parents. His father was a successful\",\n \"title\": \"Paul Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1779761\",\n \"text\": \"is a paleoconservative critic of neoconservativism within the Republican Party. In fact, the term paleoconservative was first used by Paul Gottfried and Thomas Fleming, with the \\\"paleo\\\" prefix meaning \\\"old\\\" in opposition to the \\\"neo\\\", or \\\"new\\\", conservatives. Gottfried is opposed to nation-building and is an avid critic of American interventionist foreign policy. Gottfried is also the first person to use the term \\\"alternative right\\\", when referring specifically to developments within American right-wing politics, in 2008. Richard B. Spencer co-created the term with Gottfried while working together at Taki's Magazine and helped it to gain wide currency through media attention\",\n \"title\": \"Paul Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16589473\",\n \"text\": \"alone. After Conrad's death, Gottfried's son Gottfried III inherited the Burgraviate. Gottfried II of Raabs Gottfried II of Raabs (died ) was Burgrave of the medieval Burgraviate of Nuremberg, jointly with his brother Conrad I, from 1105 until his death. Gottfried II was a member of the \\\"edelfrei\\\" von Raabs family. He was the son of Gottfried I of Gosham and the grandson of Ulrich of Gosham, the ancestor of the von Raabs dynasty, who ruled an area northwest of Melk in the area when the House of Babenberg ruled the Margraviate of Austria. The von Raabs family was named\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried II of Raabs\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1658160\",\n \"text\": \"Galle, and a ring of Neptune have been named in his honor. Google celebrated Johann Gottfried Galle's 200th Birthday with Google Doodle https://www.google.com/doodles/johann-gottfried-galles-200th-birthday! Johann Gottfried Galle Johann Gottfried Galle (9 June 1812 – 10 July 1910) was a German astronomer from Radis, Germany, at the Berlin Observatory who, on 23 September 1846, with the assistance of student Heinrich Louis d'Arrest, was the first person to view the planet Neptune and know what he was looking at. Urbain Le Verrier had predicted the existence and position of Neptune, and sent the coordinates to Galle, asking him to verify. Galle found Neptune\",\n \"title\": \"Johann Gottfried Galle\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4194018\",\n \"text\": \"for him with the network, and Murphy was cast as a featured player. The first episode, renamed \\\"Saturday Night Live '80\\\" in the opening credits, aired Nov. 15, 1980 and featured an all-new cast – Charles Rocket (groomed to be the new break-out star), Denny Dillon, Gilbert Gottfried, Gail Matthius, Joe Piscopo, and Ann Risley rounded out the new cast. Yvonne Hudson was hired as a featured player and became \\\"SNL\\\"'s first black female cast-member. Elliott Gould had agreed to host the first episode. Contributing to the sense that season six was doomed, in the first sketch the cast shared\",\n \"title\": \"History of Saturday Night Live (1980–85)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18596730\",\n \"text\": \"Arnold, The B-52s, Backstreet Boys, Christine Baranski, Lance Bass, Beck Bennett, Michael Bolton, Jim Breuer, A. Whitney Brown, Steve Buscemi, Aidy Bryant, AJ Calloway, Kate Capshaw, 50 Cent, Dave Chappelle, Michael Che, Glenn Close, David Cone, Elvis Costello, Sheryl Crow, Alan Cumming, Carson Daly, Charlie Day, Rocsi Diaz, Leonardo DiCaprio, Diddy, Christopher Dodd, Jean Doumanian, Robin Duke, Nora Dunn, Christine Ebersole, Ari Emanuel, Siobhan Fallon, Paul Feig, Steve Forbes, Sen. Al Franken, Rudy Giuliani, Whoopi Goldberg, Jeff Goldblum, Cuba Gooding Jr., Gilbert Gottfried, Elliott Gould, Tom Green, Robert Greenblatt, Savannah Guthrie, Steve Guttenberg, Haim, Jon Hamm, Cheryl Hardwick (former SNL\",\n \"title\": \"Saturday Night Live 40th Anniversary Special\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10757044\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"SNL\\\" as a cast member. Laurie Metcalf and Emily Prager joined as featured players. Dick Ebersol's first produced episode was on April 11, 1981. After Ebersol's first episode, the 1981 Writers' Guild of America strike started, forcing the show into a hiatus during which it was extensively retooled. Before the next season, Ebersol also fired Dillon and Matthius, leaving Piscopo and Murphy the only remaining cast members from Doumanian's tenure. With the entire cast of Season 5 gone. Denny Dillion, Gilbert Gottfried, Yvonne Hudson, Matthew Laurence, Gali Matthius, Eddie Murphy, Joe Piscopo, Ann Risley, Charles Rocket, and Patrick Weathers were\",\n \"title\": \"Saturday Night Live (season 6)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8717516\",\n \"text\": \"at the University of South Alabama. His uncle, Mike Gottfried, was a college football head coach and an analyst on ESPN college football broadcasts. Both served as head coaches of their respective programs at Murray State. Mark Gottfried Mark Frederick Gottfried (born January 20, 1964) is an American men's college basketball coach and former player. He is currently the head coach at Cal State Northridge. Gottfried played one season at Oral Roberts and three seasons at Alabama, advancing to the Sweet Sixteen in each of his seasons with the Crimson Tide. He spent eight seasons as an assistant coach at\",\n \"title\": \"Mark Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8717503\",\n \"text\": \"Mark Gottfried Mark Frederick Gottfried (born January 20, 1964) is an American men's college basketball coach and former player. He is currently the head coach at Cal State Northridge. Gottfried played one season at Oral Roberts and three seasons at Alabama, advancing to the Sweet Sixteen in each of his seasons with the Crimson Tide. He spent eight seasons as an assistant coach at UCLA, including the team's 1995 NCAA championship season, three years as head coach at Murray State, eleven years as head coach at Alabama, and six seasons at North Carolina State. Gottfried was born in Crestline, Ohio.\",\n \"title\": \"Mark Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11099797\",\n \"text\": \"with the Nazi regime. His book \\\"Twilight of the Wagners: The Unveiling of a Family's Legacy\\\", an autobiography, queried the extent to which his father had extricated himself from the families close connection to National Socialism, while he has also been critical of many aspects of the Bayreuth Festival. The British film director Tony Palmer has made a two-hour documentary film about the Wagner family in which Gottfried plays a key role. Gottfried Wagner Gottfried Wagner (born 13 April 1947 in Bayreuth) is a multimedia director and publicist. Gottfried Wagner is the son of Wolfgang Wagner and a great-grandchild of\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried Wagner\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18859616\",\n \"text\": \"with Me\\\". The show's core cast members were Katherine Levac, Virginie Fortin, Léane Labrèche-Dor, Pier-Luc Funk, Mathieu Quesnel, Guillaume Girard, Mickaël Gouin and Phil Roy. Quesnel served as \\\"Les nouvelles SNL\\\" anchor for the first two episodes, with Girard and Gouin taking over thereafter. Initially announced as two standalone comedy specials, several further episodes were produced in 2014 and 2015 as a once-a-month series. Ten episodes, nine originals and a \\\"best-of\\\" compilation of sketches from the earlier episodes, were broadcast overall. As advance publicity for the first two specials, hosts Louis-José Houde and Stéphane Rousseau each recorded segments in which\",\n \"title\": \"SNL Québec\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9253613\",\n \"text\": \"Lansbury. His latest book, co-written with Bill Condon and Cheo Coker, is \\\"Dreamgirls The Movie Musical\\\", published in April 2007. A review of \\\"Arthur Miller: His Life and Work\\\" called the book a \\\"thorough and revealing biography\\\". Martin Gottfried Martin Gottfried (October 9, 1933 – March 6, 2014) was an American critic, columnist and author. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. Gottfried was a 1959 graduate of Columbia College in New York City, and attended Columbia Law School for three semesters, next spending one year with U.S. Army Military Intelligence. Gottfried began his writing career as the classical music\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19107654\",\n \"text\": \"Kirschner and Robert Rademacher. The latter, the company had passed since the early 1970s and since 2005 after retiring from active work - as well as Gottfried Schultz in the 1960s - President of the Central Association of the German Motor Trade (ZDK). Gottfried Schultz Gottfried Schultz GmbH, based in Ratingen, is the largest dealer for the automotive brands owned by Volkswagen Group. The company employs approximately 1,900 people in 26 plants. It distributes and services cars of the marques Volkswagen, Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles, Audi, SEAT, Škoda, Bentley, Porsche and Bugatti. In 1924, Gottfried Schultz (1903-1980) founded in Essen a\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried Schultz\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16589471\",\n \"text\": \"Gottfried II of Raabs Gottfried II of Raabs (died ) was Burgrave of the medieval Burgraviate of Nuremberg, jointly with his brother Conrad I, from 1105 until his death. Gottfried II was a member of the \\\"edelfrei\\\" von Raabs family. He was the son of Gottfried I of Gosham and the grandson of Ulrich of Gosham, the ancestor of the von Raabs dynasty, who ruled an area northwest of Melk in the area when the House of Babenberg ruled the Margraviate of Austria. The von Raabs family was named after their first castle, Burg Raabs an der Thaya, in Lower\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried II of Raabs\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18968244\",\n \"text\": \"Gottfried Knoche August Gottfried Knoche (17 March 1813, Halberstadt - 2 January 1901, near La Guaira) was a German doctor and surgeon. He is best known for inventing an embalming fluid that was used to mummify dozens of corpses (including his own) at his laboratory in Venezuela. In 1837, he studied at the University of Freiburg and worked in the University's hospital. Three years later, he went to Venezuela and settled in La Guaira, where he tended to the large number of German emigrants who were farming nearby along the littoral. Once he was fully established there, he brought his\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried Knoche\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17069399\",\n \"text\": \"Gottfried Landwehr Gottfried Landwehr (22 August 1929 – 24 January 2013) was a . Landwehr was born in Osnabrück and studied physics in Karlsruhe. After that he worked at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt in Braunschweig. He was one of the founders of the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research in Stuttgart (1955) and headed the branch office in France until 1983. From 1968 to 1999 he was professor for experimental physics in Würzburg. Klaus von Klitzing who is known for the discovery of the integer quantum Hall Effect in 1980 (Nobel Prize 1985) was one of his students. On the\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried Landwehr\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16685337\",\n \"text\": \"finally got under way Küssel was found guilty of breaching the 1947 Verbotsgesetz, which bans any attempt to revive Nazism. Presiding Judge Martina Krainz noted the importance of the internet in disseminating extremist information and due to this, as well as Küssel's status as \\\"a leading figure in the extreme-right scene\\\" with several earlier convictions, she sentenced him to nine years imprisonment. Gottfried Küssel Gottfried Küssel (born 10 September 1958) is an Austrian far-right political activist who also gained some notoriety in Germany. He has been a leading figure in neo-Nazism and Holocaust denial since the 1970s. Born in Vienna,\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried Küssel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4420394\",\n \"text\": \"at the age of 62. John Gottfried John Charles Gottfried (October 13, 1917 in Welland, Ontario – July 28, 1980) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He was a New Democratic member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1969 to 1977. The son of Anthony Gottfried and Lena Hoffman, Gottfried came to Winnipeg at a young age with his family; they later moved to Gimli. He was educated at the University of Manitoba, and worked as a teacher for 25 years. Gottfried married Fjola Josephine Johnson in 1942. From 1946 to 1955, he served as President of the Manitoba\",\n \"title\": \"John Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4420392\",\n \"text\": \"John Gottfried John Charles Gottfried (October 13, 1917 in Welland, Ontario – July 28, 1980) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He was a New Democratic member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1969 to 1977. The son of Anthony Gottfried and Lena Hoffman, Gottfried came to Winnipeg at a young age with his family; they later moved to Gimli. He was educated at the University of Manitoba, and worked as a teacher for 25 years. Gottfried married Fjola Josephine Johnson in 1942. From 1946 to 1955, he served as President of the Manitoba Teachers' Society in Gimli. He\",\n \"title\": \"John Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3164245\",\n \"text\": \"Gottfried van Swieten Gottfried, Freiherr van Swieten (October 29, 1733 – March 29, 1803) was a Dutch-born Austrian diplomat, librarian, and government official who served the Austrian Empire during the 18th century. He was an enthusiastic amateur musician and is best remembered today as the patron of several great composers of the Classical era, including Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and Ludwig van Beethoven. Van Swieten was of Dutch birth; he was born in Leiden and grew up there to the age of 11. His father Gerard van Swieten was a physician who achieved a high reputation for raising standards\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried van Swieten\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18445516\",\n \"text\": \"of cultural property of national and regional significance as a \\\"Class A\\\" object of national importance and named \\\"Eidgenössische Gottfried Keller-Stiftung, Haldenstrasse 95\\\". Gottfried Keller-Stiftung Gottfried Keller-Stiftung (Gottfried Keller Foundation, ), commonly abbreviated to GKS, is an arts foundation focused on cultural heritage of Switzerland. It was named by its founder Lydia Welti-Escher (1858–1891) after the Swiss national poet Gottfried Keller (1819–1891). In a letter dated 6 September 1890, shortly before the end of her tragic life, Lydia Escher (1858–1891) offered to the federal government a generous donation. The entire Federal Council declared on 16 September 1890 the adoption of\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried Keller-Stiftung\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17926706\",\n \"text\": \"Long Island. In 1954, at the age of 28, young Gottfried moved to Palm Beach to work with an uncle. The first house he built was of brick, in the 200 block of Wells Road. His client was prominent Chicago industrialist Rudolph W. Glasner, an Austrian immigrant who held patents for his inventions in machine parts for the automotive industry. Glasner and Gottfried formed a partnership and purchased an entire block in the island's North End. Their $90,000 investment led to the creation of 16 homes on what would become El Dorado Lane. Gottfried had already opened a design center\",\n \"title\": \"Robert W. Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8438232\",\n \"text\": \"provoking endless discussion among those who came here. Many immigrants continued to revere his memory as the father of the German migration, and even those who blamed him for their misfortunes seem to have had a grudging respect for that kindly, guileless man.\\\" Gottfried Duden Gottfried Duden (May 19, 1789 – October 29, 1856) was a German emigration writer of the early 19th century. His famous book \\\"Bericht über eine Reise nach den westlichen Staaten Nordamerikas und einen mehrjährigen Aufenthalt am Missouri in den Jahren 1824 bis 1827\\\" (\\\"Report of a journey to the western states of North America and\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried Duden\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14038175\",\n \"text\": \"Princess\\\". The events of September 1968 made an impression on second-wave feminists in the city, and in March 1970, they retaliated in a raid on Wall Street which they dubbed the \\\"Ogle-In\\\", in which a large group of feminists, including Karla Jay, Alix Kates Shulman, and a number of women who had participated in the sit-in at \\\"Ladies Home Journal\\\" a few weeks before, sexually harassed male Wall Streeters on their way to work. Susan Brownmiller reminisced in her memoir \\\"In Our Time\\\": Francine Gottfried Francine Gottfried (born 1947) was a clerical worker in New York City's Financial District who\",\n \"title\": \"Francine Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14038172\",\n \"text\": \"the \\\"Daily News\\\". The following day, Friday, September 20, the corner of Wall and Broad was jammed with 10,000 spectators and press who waited for Gottfried in vain. Her boss had called and asked her to stay home to put a stop to the disturbances. Gottfried, who lived at home with her parents in Williamsburg, was not seeking notoriety and started taking a different route to work. \\\"I think they're all crazy,\\\" she was quoted as saying. \\\"What are they doing this for? I'm just an ordinary girl.\\\" On October 4, publicists took other busty women to Wall Street as\",\n \"title\": \"Francine Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16685329\",\n \"text\": \"Gottfried Küssel Gottfried Küssel (born 10 September 1958) is an Austrian far-right political activist who also gained some notoriety in Germany. He has been a leading figure in neo-Nazism and Holocaust denial since the 1970s. Born in Vienna, Küssel first became involved in politics in 1976 when he became a member of \\\"Aktion Neue Rechte\\\", a German New Right organisation, and by his admission joined the NSDAP/AO the following year. He was also a member of the neo-Nazi \\\"Kameradschaft Babenberg\\\" from 1979 until it was outlawed in April 1980 and around this time also edited the far right magazine \\\"Halt\\\".\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried Küssel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11141684\",\n \"text\": \"of Arts and Sciences. He received the 1992 Leo Szilard Award. He is also a member of the Council of Foreign Relations. Kurt Gottfried Kurt Gottfried (born 1929) is professor emeritus of physics at Cornell University, known for his work in the areas of quantum mechanics and particle physics. He is also a co-founder with Henry Way Kendall of the Union of Concerned Scientists. He has written extensively in the areas of physics and arms control. Gottfried was born in Vienna, Austria in 1929. In 1939, after their home in Austria was raided on Kristallnacht, his family emigrated to Montreal,\",\n \"title\": \"Kurt Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11099796\",\n \"text\": \"Gottfried Wagner Gottfried Wagner (born 13 April 1947 in Bayreuth) is a multimedia director and publicist. Gottfried Wagner is the son of Wolfgang Wagner and a great-grandchild of Richard Wagner. His PhD is about Kurt Weill and Bertolt Brecht. He has concentrated on German culture and politics, as well as Jewish history of the 19th and 20th centuries in numerous publications. He is a member of the PEN-Club Liechtenstein and in 1992 was a co-founder of the Post-Holocaust Discussion Group. He has been living in Italy since 1983, and has estranged himself from his father's family, openly criticising their involvement\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried Wagner\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8763528\",\n \"text\": \"Richard N. Gottfried Richard N. Gottfried (born May 16, 1947) is a U.S. Democratic Party politician from Manhattan, New York City. He has represented the 75th District in the New York State Assembly for more than 40 years, making him the longest-serving member of that body. Gottfried was born in New York City, NY on May 16, 1947. He is a graduate of Stuyvesant High School (where he was a classmate of U.S. Representative Jerrold Nadler, and future political consultant Dick Morris), Cornell University (BA, 1968), and Columbia Law School (JD, 1973). Richard Gottfried represents District 75 in the New\",\n \"title\": \"Richard N. Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16876481\",\n \"text\": \"28 December 1355, in which Emperor Charles IV states that he has asked Pope Innocent VI to appoint Gottfried, the son of Count Gottfried of Ziegenhain, as a canon in Mainz. In those days, an ecclesiastical career was usually planned for younger sons, while the eldest brother would inherit the county. This would suggest Gottfried had an elder brother. This hypothetical brother must have died young, as in 1360 Gottfried VIII is mentioned as the only son of Gottfried VII. Gottfried VIII was knighted on 14 March 1371. Gottfried VIII, Count of Ziegenhain Gottfried VIII, Count of Ziegenhain (after 1350\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried VIII, Count of Ziegenhain\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11710177\",\n \"text\": \"Gottfried of Admont Gottfried of Admont (died 1165) was the Benedictine abbot of Admont Abbey from 1137 until his death. He is considered to be a reformer and the founder of the \\\"school of Admont\\\", and he is also credited with greatly improving the abbey's library. He was an influential figure, undertaking with Otto of Freising and Berthold of Brixen a papal commission relative to the proposed bishopric of Seckau. He strongly backed St Eberhard, who became bishop of Salzburg in 1146. Many homilies are attributed to him, taking the character of exegesis; it is now doubted whether he was\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried of Admont\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9099174\",\n \"text\": \"ranch house in the Rockwood Park, Queens section of Howard Beach, Queens. Gottfried is the son of Rosalie Gottfried and the late Bertram Gottfried. Gottfried's mother is the daughter of immigrants from Çanakkale, Turkey and a long-time resident of Howard Beach, Queens. She worked as a middle-school math teacher for the New York City Board of Education for over 40 years until her retirement in 2004; her last teaching assignment prior to her retirement was the Albert Shanker School Of Visual And Performing Arts in Queens, New York. She also previously taught at the Horace Greeley Middle School JHS 10\",\n \"title\": \"Keith Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7326196\",\n \"text\": \"a 1–1 draw between Italy and Yugoslavia. The final was replayed later (the Italians winning 2–0); a game refereed by the Spaniard José María Ortiz de Mendíbil. <br><br>Gottfried Dienst Gottfried Dienst Gottfried Dienst (9 September 1919, Basle – 1 June 1998, Berne) was a Swiss football referee. He is possibly best known for being the referee in the 1966 FIFA World Cup Final. At the time he was considered the best referee in the world. Dienst is one of only four men to have twice refereed a European Cup final, which he did in 1961 and 1965, and one of\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried Dienst\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7076812\",\n \"text\": \"of the piano; it was only with nineteenth-century scholarship that this honor was restored to Cristofori. List of historical harpsichord makers Gottfried Silbermann Gottfried Silbermann (January 14, 1683 – August 4, 1753) was a German builder of keyboard instruments. He built harpsichords, clavichords, organs, and fortepianos; his modern reputation rests mainly on the latter two. Very little is known about Silbermann's youth. He was born in Kleinbobritzsch (now a part of Frauenstein, Saxony) as the youngest son of the carpenter Michael Silbermann. They moved to the nearby town of Frauenstein in 1685, and it is possible that Gottfried also learnt\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried Silbermann\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7076798\",\n \"text\": \"Gottfried Silbermann Gottfried Silbermann (January 14, 1683 – August 4, 1753) was a German builder of keyboard instruments. He built harpsichords, clavichords, organs, and fortepianos; his modern reputation rests mainly on the latter two. Very little is known about Silbermann's youth. He was born in Kleinbobritzsch (now a part of Frauenstein, Saxony) as the youngest son of the carpenter Michael Silbermann. They moved to the nearby town of Frauenstein in 1685, and it is possible that Gottfried also learnt carpentry there. He moved to Straßburg in 1702, where he learnt organ construction from his brother and came in touch with\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried Silbermann\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6035526\",\n \"text\": \"an iconic turn. Beyond this he has advanced the concept of iconic difference. Gottfried Boehm is regarded, along with Hans Belting and Horst Bredekamp, as one of the leading theoreticians of art in the German-speaking world. Monographs: As editor: Essays (selection): Gottfried Boehm Gottfried Boehm (born 1942) is a German art historian and philosopher. Boehm studied art history, philosophy and German in Cologne, Vienna and Heidelberg. He obtained his \\\"Promotion\\\" (doctorate) in philosophy in 1968 and his \\\"Habilitation\\\" in 1974 in art history. From 1975 to 1979 he taught art history at the Ruhr-Universität Bochum. In 1979 he was made\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried Boehm\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19107653\",\n \"text\": \"came under the leadership of Gottfried Schultz \\\"Auto Höherweg\\\" for more than 20 automobile brands on a 15 hectare site. Gottfried Schultz is represented on the \\\"Auto Höherweg\\\" with the Volkswagen Zentrum Nordrhein, with a Škoda-operation and with the luxury brand Bentley. Gottfried Schultz is currently training more than 400 young people to automobile merchants, automotive mechatronics (automotive mechanics and auto electricians), coachbuilders, painters and specialists for warehouse logistics. The management consists of Nicholas J. Dunning 2015 (Chairman), Harald Ferry, Markus and Jürgen Ludewig Schönbrunn. The Management Board of Heinrich Weiss (Chairman), Alexander Glassmakers, Felix Goedhart, Peter J. Henssen, Martin\",\n \"title\": \"Gottfried Schultz\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12456349\",\n \"text\": \"its Gold Medal. Dan Gottfried Dan Gottfried (born 1939) () is an Israeli jazz pianist and music educator. In 1987 he founded the Red Sea Jazz Festival, which he directed until his retirement in 2008. He is president of the Israeli Musicians Union. Dan Gottfried studied piano at the Tel Aviv Academy of Music. In 1959 he won First Prize in the Mozart Piano competition. In 1962 he earned an undergraduate degree in economics at Hebrew University of Jerusalem and went on to study law. He began his career as a classical pianist in the early 1960s. In the 1970s\",\n \"title\": \"Dan Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12456345\",\n \"text\": \"Dan Gottfried Dan Gottfried (born 1939) () is an Israeli jazz pianist and music educator. In 1987 he founded the Red Sea Jazz Festival, which he directed until his retirement in 2008. He is president of the Israeli Musicians Union. Dan Gottfried studied piano at the Tel Aviv Academy of Music. In 1959 he won First Prize in the Mozart Piano competition. In 1962 he earned an undergraduate degree in economics at Hebrew University of Jerusalem and went on to study law. He began his career as a classical pianist in the early 1960s. In the 1970s he was one\",\n \"title\": \"Dan Gottfried\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11141679\",\n \"text\": \"electron-proton scattering and the spectroscopy of heavy-quark bound states; and proposed the Gottfried sum rule for deep inelastic scattering to test the elementary quark model. Gottfried's \\\"Quantum Mechanics: Fundamentals\\\", originally published in 1966, is considered \\\"one of the most used and respected accounts of quantum theory\\\". Gottfried is known for his work in the 1970s on charmonium, with Estia J. Eichten, Toichiro Kinoshita, Ken Lane and Tung-Mow Yan. Gottfried served as chair of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American Physical Society in 1981. With Victor Weisskopf, he wrote \\\"Concepts of Particle Physics\\\" (1984), which was hailed as\",\n \"title\": \"Kurt Gottfried\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["actor"],"string":"[\n \"actor\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":394,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"what did martin luther do?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"8990460","text":"and Protestant workers have a right to leave work in order to participate in a church service. Switzerland celebrates the holiday on the first Sunday after 31 October. It is also celebrated elsewhere around the world. For works by and about Luther, see Martin Luther (resources) or at Wikisource. Martin Luther Martin Luther, (; ; 10 November 1483 – 18 February 1546) was a German professor of theology, composer, priest, monk, and a seminal figure in the Protestant Reformation. Luther came to reject several teachings and practices of the Roman Catholic Church. He strongly disputed the Catholic view on indulgences.","title":"Martin Luther"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8990460\",\n \"text\": \"and Protestant workers have a right to leave work in order to participate in a church service. Switzerland celebrates the holiday on the first Sunday after 31 October. It is also celebrated elsewhere around the world. For works by and about Luther, see Martin Luther (resources) or at Wikisource. Martin Luther Martin Luther, (; ; 10 November 1483 – 18 February 1546) was a German professor of theology, composer, priest, monk, and a seminal figure in the Protestant Reformation. Luther came to reject several teachings and practices of the Roman Catholic Church. He strongly disputed the Catholic view on indulgences.\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"16049221","text":"Australian iTunes Store. On Boxing Day 2011, a remix by Sander van Doorn was released to Beatport, released on Doorn Records. The single is billed to Kele vs. Sander van Doorn featuring Lucy Taylor. A music video (simply a re-edited version of the original video) was released. The songs music video was released on 13 September 2011 to Kele's official YouTube channel. As of 23 November 2011, the video has 295939 views. The music video was directed by Nova Dando, with the dancers styled by Nadine Artois. What Did I Do? \"What Did I Do?\" is a song by Kele","title":"What Did I Do?"},{"psg_id":"16049220","text":"What Did I Do? \"What Did I Do?\" is a song by Kele Okereke, released as the first single from his EP \"The Hunter\". The song's music video was released on 13 September 2011, with the song being released as a digital single in Japan 10 days later. The song features vocals from singer Lucy Taylor. The single was produced by constant collaborator XXXChange and mixed by Sub Focus. The single's cover is the same as the cover for \"The Hunter\" EP. On 16 November 2011, Liberator Music released a remix of the single by All The Lights to the","title":"What Did I Do?"},{"psg_id":"17338140","text":"What Did I Do to You? \"What Did I Do to You?\" is a song recorded by British singer Lisa Stansfield for her 1989 album, \"Affection\". It was written by Stansfield, Ian Devaney and Andy Morris, and produced by Devaney and Morris. The song received positive reviews from music critics. \"What Did I Do to You?\" was released as the fourth European single on 30 April 1990. It included three previously unreleased songs written by Stansfield, Devaney and Morris: \"My Apple Heart,\" \"Lay Me Down\" and \"Something's Happenin'.\" \"What Did I Do to You?\" was remixed by Mark Saunders and","title":"What Did I Do to You?"},{"psg_id":"16802803","text":"1897, due to incorrect handling, the engine ground to a halt about 4 km outside of Swakopmund, and was abandoned there. A local resident Max Rhode is said to have said in a gathering in the Bismarck Hotel the following words: “Did you know that the steam ox is called ‘Martin Luther’ now because it can also say — ‘Here I stand, I can do no other’ ”. Thus the engine gained its present name, although recent scholars have doubts as to whether Luther ever did utter these words. The engine has been restored twice, first in 1973, and more","title":"Martin Luther (steam locomotive)"},{"psg_id":"8990390","text":"their own free will, do what the apostles and disciples did in Acts 4 [:32–37]. They did not demand, as do our insane peasants in their raging, that the goods of others—of Pilate and Herod—should be common, but only their own goods. Our peasants, however, want to make the goods of other men common, and keep their own for themselves. Fine Christians they are! I think there is not a devil left in hell; they have all gone into the peasants. Their raving has gone beyond all measure. Luther justified his opposition to the rebels on three grounds. First, in","title":"Martin Luther"},{"psg_id":"17338142","text":"1989–2003\" box set (2014), including previously unreleased Red Zone Mix by David Morales. European/UK 7\" single European/UK/Japanese CD single UK 10\" single European/UK 12\" single UK 12\" promotional single Other remixes What Did I Do to You? \"What Did I Do to You?\" is a song recorded by British singer Lisa Stansfield for her 1989 album, \"Affection\". It was written by Stansfield, Ian Devaney and Andy Morris, and produced by Devaney and Morris. The song received positive reviews from music critics. \"What Did I Do to You?\" was released as the fourth European single on 30 April 1990. It included","title":"What Did I Do to You?"},{"psg_id":"18161797","text":"Martin Luther High School, Okombahe Martin Luther High School (MLH) is a boarding school in the village of Okombahe in the Erongo Region of central Namibia, named after German church reformer Martin Luther. The school 250 pupils in grades 8 to 12, and twelve teachers. There are different accounts on when and where the school was established. According to Klaus Dierks, Martin Luther High was opened in 1968 at the initiative of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of South West Africa. Originally planned for the nearby town of Karibib, the South African administration did not approve the establishment of a school","title":"Martin Luther High School, Okombahe"},{"psg_id":"9770281","text":"Student Council. Martin Luther School Martin Luther School is a co-educational Lutheran middle and high school located in the neighborhood of Maspeth, in the borough of Queens, New York City. Until 2012, the school's name was Martin Luther High School. Martin Luther serves a diverse body of students from Queens and Brooklyn from a variety of ethnic, religious and academic backgrounds. In order to graduate students are required to take classes in Business, English, History, Fine Arts, Foreign Languages, Mathematics, Physical Education, Science, and Theology. Martin Luther also offers Advanced Placement courses. Martin Luther offers several extracurricular activities. The school","title":"Martin Luther School"},{"psg_id":"9770279","text":"Martin Luther School Martin Luther School is a co-educational Lutheran middle and high school located in the neighborhood of Maspeth, in the borough of Queens, New York City. Until 2012, the school's name was Martin Luther High School. Martin Luther serves a diverse body of students from Queens and Brooklyn from a variety of ethnic, religious and academic backgrounds. In order to graduate students are required to take classes in Business, English, History, Fine Arts, Foreign Languages, Mathematics, Physical Education, Science, and Theology. Martin Luther also offers Advanced Placement courses. Martin Luther offers several extracurricular activities. The school mascot is","title":"Martin Luther School"},{"psg_id":"17338141","text":"by the Grammy Award-winning American house music DJ and producer, David Morales. The Philip Richardson-directed music video was also released. The single became a top forty hit in the European countries reaching number seven in Italy, number eighteen in Finland, number twenty in Ireland and number twenty-five in the United Kingdom. \"What Did I Do to You?\" was also released in Japan. In 2014, the remixes of \"What Did I Do to You?\" were included on the deluxe 2CD + DVD re-release of \"Affection\" and on \"People Hold On ... The Remix Anthology\". They were also featured on \"The Collection","title":"What Did I Do to You?"},{"psg_id":"12851558","text":"around\" and go back to his lover, then hold her, and then tell her how sorry he is for what he did. What I Need to Do \"What I Need To Do\" is a song written by Tom Damphier and Bill Luther, and recorded by American country music artist Kenny Chesney. It was released in January 2000 as the fourth and final single from Chesney's 1999 album \"Everywhere We Go\". The song peaked at number 8 in the United States and number 13 in Canada in 2000. The song describes the narrator thinking about \"what [he] need[s] to do\" as","title":"What I Need to Do"},{"psg_id":"4827012","text":"candidates for assignment to serve in elementary schools, high schools, or congregations of the Wisconsin Synod. The synod's leadership cooperates with the college's officers and administrators to assign candidates to their respective schools and congregations. The Wisconsin Synod is the third largest Lutheran church body in the United States and operates the fourth largest private school system in the nation. The Martin Luther College Alumni Association (MLCAA) is an alumni association available to all graduates of Martin Luther College, Dr. Martin Luther College, Northwestern College, and Martin Luther Academy/Dr. Martin Luther High School. The MLCAA plans events, coordinates funding efforts,","title":"Martin Luther College"},{"psg_id":"4564248","text":"Martin Luther (diplomat) Martin Franz Julius Luther (; 16 December 1895 – 13 May 1945) was an early member of the Nazi Party. He served as an advisor to Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop, first in the \"Dienststelle Ribbentrop\" (\"Ribbentrop Bureau\"), and later in the \"Auswärtiges Amt\" (\"Foreign Office\") as a diplomat when von Ribbentrop replaced Konstantin von Neurath. He participated in the Wannsee Conference, at which the Final Solution was planned; it was the 1947 discovery of his copy of the minutes that first made the Allied powers aware that the conference had taken place and what its purpose","title":"Martin Luther (diplomat)"},{"psg_id":"4564254","text":"only of expulsions; it has been used by Holocaust denialists to argue that the conference did not present a policy of genocide, but is not inconsistent with a change in policy. Martin Luther (diplomat) Martin Franz Julius Luther (; 16 December 1895 – 13 May 1945) was an early member of the Nazi Party. He served as an advisor to Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop, first in the \"Dienststelle Ribbentrop\" (\"Ribbentrop Bureau\"), and later in the \"Auswärtiges Amt\" (\"Foreign Office\") as a diplomat when von Ribbentrop replaced Konstantin von Neurath. He participated in the Wannsee Conference, at which the Final","title":"Martin Luther (diplomat)"},{"psg_id":"4771773","text":"Martin Luther King III Martin Luther King III (born October 23, 1957) is an American human rights advocate and community activist. He is the oldest son and oldest living child of civil rights leaders Martin Luther King Jr. and Coretta Scott King. Martin Luther King III was born on October 23, 1957, to civil rights advocates Martin Luther King Jr. and Coretta Scott King. His mother had reservations about naming him after his famous father, \"realizing the burdens it can create for the child,\" but King Jr. always wanted to name his son Martin Luther III. King's birth occurred as","title":"Martin Luther King III"},{"psg_id":"4827013","text":"and offers educational and travel opportunities. The group communicates with alumni through social media, the \"Alumni Messenger\", and \"InFocus\", MLC's flagship publication. Martin Luther College Martin Luther College (MLC) is a private liberal arts college located in New Ulm, Minnesota, operated by the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod. Martin Luther College was established in 1995, when Northwestern College (NWC) of Watertown, Wisconsin, combined with Dr. Martin Luther College (DMLC) of New Ulm on DMLC's campus. MLC offers several undergraduate and graduate degree programs, all of which train students for service in the Wisconsin Synod. Men who graduate from the college's pre-seminary","title":"Martin Luther College"},{"psg_id":"4826983","text":"campus of Dr. Martin Luther College in New Ulm, Minnesota. The vote was 195 to 176 in favor of the merger. In 1995, Northwestern College moved to New Ulm, Minnesota, and combined with Dr. Martin Luther College as Martin Luther College. Dr. Martin Luther College was established in 1884 to train pastors and teachers for the Minnesota Synod, one of the church bodies incorporated into the present-day Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod in 1917. The Minnesota Synod, founded in 1860, suffered from doctrinal disunity, lack of orthodox synodical fellowship, and a shortage of workers throughout its early years. The synod sought","title":"Martin Luther College"},{"psg_id":"4826971","text":"Martin Luther College Martin Luther College (MLC) is a private liberal arts college located in New Ulm, Minnesota, operated by the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod. Martin Luther College was established in 1995, when Northwestern College (NWC) of Watertown, Wisconsin, combined with Dr. Martin Luther College (DMLC) of New Ulm on DMLC's campus. MLC offers several undergraduate and graduate degree programs, all of which train students for service in the Wisconsin Synod. Men who graduate from the college's pre-seminary program may enroll at Wisconsin Lutheran Seminary. Men and women who graduate from its education programs may be assigned by the Wisconsin","title":"Martin Luther College"},{"psg_id":"8990349","text":"his final breath. Martin Luther was born to Hans Luder (or Ludher, later Luther) and his wife Margarethe (née Lindemann) on 10 November 1483 in Eisleben, County of Mansfeld in the Holy Roman Empire. Luther was baptized the next morning on the feast day of St. Martin of Tours. His family moved to Mansfeld in 1484, where his father was a leaseholder of copper mines and smelters and served as one of four citizen representatives on the local council; in 1492 he was elected as a town councilor. The religious scholar Martin Marty describes Luther's mother as a hard-working woman","title":"Martin Luther"},{"psg_id":"8990457","text":"Lutheranism. His large body also let the viewer know that he did not shun earthly pleasures like drinking—behavior that was a stark contrast to the ascetic life of the medieval religious orders. Famous images from this period include the woodcuts by Hans Brosamer (1530) and Lucas Cranach the Elder and Lucas Cranach the Younger (1546). Luther is honoured on 18 February with a commemoration in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States) Calendar of Saints. In the Church of England's Calendar of Saints he is commemorated on 31 October. Martin Luther is honored in various ways","title":"Martin Luther"},{"psg_id":"8990436","text":"on 4 March 1540, Philip married a second wife, Margarethe von der Saale, with Melanchthon and Bucer among the witnesses. However, Philip's sister Elisabeth quickly made the scandal public and Phillip threatened to expose Luther's advice. Luther told him to \"tell a good, strong lie\" and deny the marriage completely, which Philip did. Margarethe gave birth to nine children over a span of 17 years, giving Philip a total of 19 children. In the view of Luther's biographer Martin Brecht, \"giving confessional advice for Philip of Hesse was one of the worst mistakes Luther made, and, next to the landgrave","title":"Martin Luther"},{"psg_id":"4771788","text":"system, and that \"we all have to roll up our sleeves and do work to ensure that the dream that he shared can be fulfilled.\" On January 19, 2009, the Martin Luther King Jr. national holiday, King joined Obama in painting and refurbishing the Sasha Bruce Youthwork shelter for homeless teens in Northeast Washington for the nationwide day of community service. Martin Luther King III gave a tribute at Michael Jackson's memorial service on July 7, 2009, and spoke at Jackson's funeral at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, California, alongside his sister, Bernice. He also spoke as a campus","title":"Martin Luther King III"},{"psg_id":"8990393","text":"Luther wrote: “I, Martin Luther, have during the rebellion slain all the peasants, for it was I who ordered them to be struck dead.” Martin Luther married Katharina von Bora, one of 12 nuns he had helped escape from the Nimbschen Cistercian convent in April 1523, when he arranged for them to be smuggled out in herring barrels. \"Suddenly, and while I was occupied with far different thoughts,\" he wrote to Wenceslaus Link, \"the Lord has plunged me into marriage.\" At the time of their marriage, Katharina was 26 years old and Luther was 41 years old. On 13 June","title":"Martin Luther"},{"psg_id":"11690741","text":"Martin Luther High School Martin Luther High School is a private school affiliated with the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod and located in Greendale, Wisconsin, United States. Martin Luther High School was built after World War II as the second school of the Lutheran High School Association of Greater Milwaukee. It was designed to serve over 800 students. The campus has a drug- and smoke-free policy. Martin Luther High School has a college preparatory program that focuses on mathematics, literature, history, the arts, and foreign language. Martin Luther High School has two bands, the Varsity and the Symphonic Band. Symphonic Band is","title":"Martin Luther High School"},{"psg_id":"13686288","text":"Daddy, what did you do in the Great War? \"Daddy, what did YOU do in the Great War?\" was a British recruitment poster from 1915. It was released by the Parliamentary Recruiting Committee. A war recruitment poster from the First World War shows a daughter posing a question to her father, \"Daddy, what did YOU do in the Great War?\" There was an extensive recruitment campaign in Great Britain during World War I. Recruitment for World War I was different from prior wars, which had been fought by the regular (professional) army. Samuel Hynes writes that the war was fought","title":"Daddy, what did you do in the Great War?"},{"psg_id":"13232615","text":"mundane shooters and RPGs with their played out themes of morality, but it's trying too hard to be clever.\" The game currently holds 69% on Metacritic. There have been two sequels to \"What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord?\" released on PSP: \"What Did I Do To Deserve This, My Lord? 2\" and \"No Heroes Allowed!\". A third sequel, \"No Heroes Allowed!\", was released in 2014 for PlayStation Vita, with a fourth, \"No Heroes Allowed! VR\", released on October 14 2017 for PlayStation VR. What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord? The game was released in","title":"What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord?"},{"psg_id":"13232609","text":"What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord? The game was released in North America exclusively as a download game on the PlayStation Store, under the title Holy Invasion of Privacy, Badman! What Did I Do To Deserve This?. However, on February 9, 2010, NIS America revealed it would be changing the game's name to avoid conflict with the Batman franchise. The game was re-released on April 22, 2010 on the PlayStation Network after it was removed to make the changes, while its sequel, \"What Did I Do To Deserve This, My Lord? 2\", had been delayed to May","title":"What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord?"},{"psg_id":"10954627","text":"Martin Luther McCoy Martin Luther McCoy (born July 1970) is an American musician and actor. McCoy is a San Francisco native from the Bayview-Hunters Point neighborhood. Martin collaborated extensively with musicians like The Roots and Cody ChesnuTT and appears as one of the six lead characters in the 2007 Beatles musical \"Across the Universe\" in the role of \"Jo-Jo\", who reflects Jimi Hendrix. In the film, McCoy performs the song \"While My Guitar Gently Weeps\", and \"Don't Let Me Down\" and also provides guitar and vocals on others. McCoy goes by the stage name of \"Martin Luther\" in his music","title":"Martin Luther McCoy"},{"psg_id":"8001773","text":"What Did You Do in the War, Daddy? What Did You Do in the War, Daddy? is a 1966 comedy DeLuxe Color film written by William Peter Blatty and directed by Blake Edwards for the Mirisch Company in Panavision. It stars James Coburn and Dick Shawn. Filming was at Lake Sherwood Ranch in Thousand Hills, 40 miles northwest of Hollywood. In what had been a cow pasture, designer Fernando Carrere fabricated a storybook Sicilian village which added $800,000 to the production's already elevated $5.5 million budget. Captain Lionel Cash (Dick Shawn), a staff officer under General Max Bolt (Carroll O'Connor),","title":"What Did You Do in the War, Daddy?"},{"psg_id":"14302653","text":"in the country. Local sponsors Khasi-Jaintia Presbyterian Assembly of Presbyterian Church of India withdrew its sponsorship to the university college in 2014. Martin Luther Christian University has been chargesheeted by CBI for misappropriation of funds sanctioned by North Eastern Council for establishment of North East Careers Institute. However, MLCU keeps its UGC accreditation due to its significance in the sector. Martin Luther Christian University Martin Luther Christian University was established in July 2005. The university is named after Martin Luther (1483–1546), the father of reformation. MLCU is the first Christian University in India, that doesn't focus on theological training after","title":"Martin Luther Christian University"},{"psg_id":"11690743","text":"and independent study music theory. The music computer lab allows students to write music and familiarize themselves with music technology such as ACID, Reason, and Sibelius Music Notation software. Martin Luther High School Martin Luther High School is a private school affiliated with the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod and located in Greendale, Wisconsin, United States. Martin Luther High School was built after World War II as the second school of the Lutheran High School Association of Greater Milwaukee. It was designed to serve over 800 students. The campus has a drug- and smoke-free policy. Martin Luther High School has a college","title":"Martin Luther High School"},{"psg_id":"4826998","text":"staff ministry programs. Through its Graduate Studies program, the college grants Master of Science degrees in Education, Educational Administration, and Theological Studies. All programs of study at Martin Luther College train students for service in the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod. As of 2017, Martin Luther College employs a total of 86 full-time and adjunct faculty members. Martin Luther College's pre-seminary program prepares male students for enrollment at Wisconsin Lutheran Seminary. Beyond its general education requirements and theology courses, the pre-seminary program stresses foreign languages. In order to graduate, students must complete courses in Hebrew and Greek, the original languages of","title":"Martin Luther College"},{"psg_id":"4826997","text":"office in 2007. In 2009 Martin Luther College dedicated its premier soccer field. The Chapel of the Christ was dedicated in 2010 to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the Wisconsin Synod. Currently, Martin Luther College is conducting a capital campaign in conjunction with its silver anniversary in 2020. The campaign goals include heightened recruitment efforts, increased financial aid for students, and expansion of campus facilities. As of 2016, Martin Luther College has 742 undergraduate students and 124 graduate students. MLC offers a Bachelor of Arts degree through its pre-seminary program and a Bachelor of Science degree through its education and","title":"Martin Luther College"},{"psg_id":"4826995","text":"and then began to decline. Unused and deteriorating dormitories were torn down as enrollment fell. The staff ministry program began at DMLC in 1993. After several years of study and discussion, the Wisconsin Synod in convention voted 195 to 176 to merge its pastor and teacher training colleges on the campus of Dr. Martin Luther College as Martin Luther College. Martin Luther College opened its doors to students for the 1995-1996 school year. New offices and classrooms were constructed between Old Main and the Wittenberg Collegiate Center in the months leading up to the 1995-1996 school year. In 1995, a","title":"Martin Luther College"},{"psg_id":"4826994","text":"in 1971. DMLC also reinstated its football team in 1971. The football program had been shut down a couple of decades earlier due to low enrollments. A rivalry with Northwestern College was begun when DMLC's football team began competitive play in 1972. DMLC's Lancer Bowl was dedicated in 1974. The enrollment at the New Ulm campus continued to grow, so in 1979 Martin Luther Academy moved to the former campus of Campion High School in Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, and became Martin Luther Preparatory School. Dr. Martin Luther College's enrollment reached a peak of 850 during the 1979-1980 school year","title":"Martin Luther College"},{"psg_id":"10954629","text":"release of his first solo album The Calling in 1999, and followed it with an independent release of his second album Rebel Soul Music in 2004 on his own label Rebel Soul Records; his third album \"Love is the Hero\" was released in 2012. While pursuing a music career, Martin Luther continued his education, receiving a degree in Media Arts from Morehouse College with a concentration in Entertainment Law and Marketing and graduated in 1992. Martin Luther McCoy Martin Luther McCoy (born July 1970) is an American musician and actor. McCoy is a San Francisco native from the Bayview-Hunters Point","title":"Martin Luther McCoy"},{"psg_id":"9927225","text":"Martin Luther (1953 film) Martin Luther is a 1953 film biography of Martin Luther. It was directed by Irving Pichel, (who also plays a supporting role), and stars Niall MacGinnis as Luther. It was produced by Louis de Rochemont and RD-DR Corporation in collaboration with Lutheran Church Productions and Luther-Film-G.M.B.H. The National Board of Review named the film the fourth best of 1953. It was nominated for two Academy Awards, for Best Cinematography (Black-and-White) (Joseph C. Brun) and Art Direction/Set Decoration (Fritz Maurischat, Paul Markwitz). The music was composed by Mark Lothar and performed by the Munich Philharmonic Orchestra. It","title":"Martin Luther (1953 film)"},{"psg_id":"2890361","text":"Luther Martin Luther Martin (February 20, 1748, Piscataway, New Jersey – July 8, 1826, New York, New York) was a politician and one of the United States' Founding Fathers, who left the Constitutional Convention early because he felt the Constitution violated states' rights. He was a leading Anti-Federalist, along with Patrick Henry and George Mason, whose actions helped passage of the Bill of Rights. Martin was an early advocate of American independence from Great Britain. In the fall of 1774, as a resident of Somerset County, Maryland, he served on the county's patriot committee, and in December attended a convention","title":"Luther Martin"},{"psg_id":"8001782","text":"shelved when, during the scene where Captain Cash visits Charlie Company at their chow line, he holds out his hand and one of the GI mess orderly's ladles beans into the captain's hand. The score is by Henry Mancini. It includes \"The Swing March\" and \"In the Arms of Love\". What Did You Do in the War, Daddy? What Did You Do in the War, Daddy? is a 1966 comedy DeLuxe Color film written by William Peter Blatty and directed by Blake Edwards for the Mirisch Company in Panavision. It stars James Coburn and Dick Shawn. Filming was at Lake","title":"What Did You Do in the War, Daddy?"},{"psg_id":"18388158","text":"What Did I Do? / God as My Witness \"What Did I Do?/God as My Witness\" is a song by the American rock band Foo Fighters and is the fourth single from their eighth studio album \"Sonic Highways\". The song was released on November 6, 2014. The song was recorded at KLRU-TV Studio 6A in Austin, Texas and features a guest appearance from Gary Clark, Jr. The music video aired during the fourth episode of \"\". It mainly shows Foo Fighters and Gary Clark Jr. performing inside of KLRU-TV Studio 6A, the famous location where \"Austin City Limits\" was filmed.","title":"What Did I Do? / God as My Witness"},{"psg_id":"18388157","text":"What Did I Do? / God as My Witness \"What Did I Do?/God as My Witness\" is a song by the American rock band Foo Fighters and is the fourth single from their eighth studio album \"Sonic Highways\". The song was released on November 6, 2014. The song was recorded at KLRU-TV Studio 6A in Austin, Texas and features a guest appearance from Gary Clark, Jr. The music video aired during the fourth episode of \"\". It mainly shows Foo Fighters and Gary Clark Jr. performing inside of KLRU-TV Studio 6A, the famous location where \"Austin City Limits\" was filmed.","title":"What Did I Do? / God as My Witness"},{"psg_id":"12751351","text":"Martin Luther, Heretic (1983 film) Martin Luther, Heretic is a 1983 film made to commemorate the 500th anniversary of the birth of Martin Luther. It was released on November 8, 1983 in the United Kingdom, two days before the 500th jubilee on November 10. It starred Jonathan Pryce as Martin Luther. Maurice Denham reprised his role of Johann von Staupitz that he played in the 1973 American Film Theater film \"Luther\". The time frame of the film is 1506-1522: the beginning of Luther's monastic vocation to his return from exile at the Wartburg in 1522. A medieval dramatic troupe's performances","title":"Martin Luther, Heretic (1983 film)"},{"psg_id":"9927242","text":"remarkable as creditable.\" The film failed to be approved by Quebec's film censorship board, which was made up entirely of French-speaking Catholics, since Luther's radical teachings remained as heretical in 1953 as they were in the 16th Century, and thus was never released in Quebec's movie theaters; it could only be seen there in the basements of Protestant churches. Martin Luther (1953 film) Martin Luther is a 1953 film biography of Martin Luther. It was directed by Irving Pichel, (who also plays a supporting role), and stars Niall MacGinnis as Luther. It was produced by Louis de Rochemont and RD-DR","title":"Martin Luther (1953 film)"},{"psg_id":"13859490","text":"This, My Lord!? 2\" contains \"4 times more stages, 3.3 times more monsters and 2.3 times more heroes\" than the first game. What Did I Do To Deserve This, My Lord? 2 What Did I Do To Deserve This My Lord!? 2 (formerly known as \"Holy Invasion Of Privacy, Badman! 2: Time To Tighten Up Security!\", known as \"Yūsha no Kuse ni Namaiki da or2\", 勇者のくせになまいきだor2, literally \"For a hero, [you are] quite impudent/cheeky/bold] 2)\" in Japan) is a real-time strategy/god game for the PlayStation Portable, sequel to What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord?. The game was","title":"What Did I Do To Deserve This, My Lord? 2"},{"psg_id":"13859488","text":"What Did I Do To Deserve This, My Lord? 2 What Did I Do To Deserve This My Lord!? 2 (formerly known as \"Holy Invasion Of Privacy, Badman! 2: Time To Tighten Up Security!\", known as \"Yūsha no Kuse ni Namaiki da or2\", 勇者のくせになまいきだor2, literally \"For a hero, [you are] quite impudent/cheeky/bold] 2)\" in Japan) is a real-time strategy/god game for the PlayStation Portable, sequel to What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord?. The game was released in Japan in 2008, and was announced for a North American release during Tokyo Game Show 2009. This release was delayed","title":"What Did I Do To Deserve This, My Lord? 2"},{"psg_id":"8990458","text":"by Christian traditions coming out directly from the Protestant Reformation, i.e. Lutheranism, the Reformed tradition, and Anglicanism. Branches of Protestantism that emerged afterwards vary in their remembrance and veneration of Luther, ranging from a complete lack of a single mention of him to a commemoration almost comparable to the way Lutherans commemorate and remember his persona. There is no known condemnation of Luther by Protestants themselves. Various sites both inside and outside Germany (supposedly) visited by Martin Luther throughout his lifetime commemorate it with local memorials. Saxony-Anhalt has two towns lawfully named after Luther, Lutherstadt Eisleben and Lutherstadt Wittenberg. Mansfeld","title":"Martin Luther"},{"psg_id":"8990396","text":"former monastery, \"The Black Cloister,\" a wedding present from the new elector John the Steadfast (1525–32). They embarked on what appears to have been a happy and successful marriage, though money was often short. Katharina bore six children: Hans – June 1526; Elizabeth – 10 December 1527, who died within a few months; Magdalene – 1529, who died in Luther's arms in 1542; Martin – 1531; Paul – January 1533; and Margaret – 1534; and she helped the couple earn a living by farming and taking in boarders. Luther confided to Michael Stiefel on 11 August 1526: \"My Katie is","title":"Martin Luther"},{"psg_id":"18161799","text":"disrepair and launched a campaign in 2014 to have its basic amenities repaired. In 2015 the school had sufficient money collected to start its first renovation since 1970. Martin Luther High School, Okombahe Martin Luther High School (MLH) is a boarding school in the village of Okombahe in the Erongo Region of central Namibia, named after German church reformer Martin Luther. The school 250 pupils in grades 8 to 12, and twelve teachers. There are different accounts on when and where the school was established. According to Klaus Dierks, Martin Luther High was opened in 1968 at the initiative of","title":"Martin Luther High School, Okombahe"},{"psg_id":"15417669","text":"Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue (also known as MLK Ave) is a major street in the District of Columbia traversing through both the Southwest and Southeast quadrants. Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue SW begins at the southwestern tip of the District of Columbia near the Blue Plains Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant. Headed north, the avenue overlaps with South Capitol Street from 2nd St SW to Halley Place SE, where it turns northeast, becoming Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue SE. As it crosses through the Congress Heights neighborhood, MLK Ave changes from a primarily residential neighborhood","title":"Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue"},{"psg_id":"1477777","text":"Martin Luther King Jr. Day Martin Luther King Jr. Day (officially Birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr. and sometimes referred to as MLK Day) is an American federal holiday marking the birthday of Martin Luther King Jr. It is observed on the third Monday of January each year, which is around King's birthday, January 15. The holiday is similar to holidays set under the Uniform Monday Holiday Act. The earliest Monday for this holiday is January 15 and the latest is January 21. King was the chief spokesperson for nonviolent activism in the Civil Rights Movement, which successfully protested racial","title":"Martin Luther King Jr. Day"},{"psg_id":"9927233","text":"with Archbishop Albert to promulgate in Germany a special jubilee indulgence. Johann Tetzel is the main preacher of this indulgence, and his pitch is presented in public with the beating of drums. That same evening Martin Luther comes across one of his parishioners in a drunken stupor with the conviction that he does not need to go to confession anymore because he has bought one of Tetzel's indulgences. Luther then preaches against what he believes to be the abuse of indulgences with the appeal, \"Beloved, you cannot buy God's mercy.\" He then also posts his \"The Ninety-Five Theses\" on the","title":"Martin Luther (1953 film)"},{"psg_id":"2890372","text":"Five Numbers: Addressed to Richard Raynall Keene, Esq. Concerning a Family Marriage\" (1802)—a closely documented, fiercely argued (and partly autobiographical) denunciation of a former protégé who, against Martin's express wishes, had wooed and married Martin's daughter Eleonora. Luther Martin Luther Martin (February 20, 1748, Piscataway, New Jersey – July 8, 1826, New York, New York) was a politician and one of the United States' Founding Fathers, who left the Constitutional Convention early because he felt the Constitution violated states' rights. He was a leading Anti-Federalist, along with Patrick Henry and George Mason, whose actions helped passage of the Bill of","title":"Luther Martin"},{"psg_id":"16534179","text":"Martin Luther King Bridge (Toledo, Ohio) The Martin Luther King Memorial Bridge (formerly Cherry Street Bridge) is a double-leaf bascule bridge adjacent to downtown Toledo, Ohio, where Cherry Street crosses the Maumee River to become Main Street on the east side of the city. The structure opened to traffic in 1914. In 2001 the bridge started what was to have been a $31 million USD refurbishment. This refurbishment widened the bridge's four lanes and added pedestrian walkways. The bridge's original control towers were replaced with new towers, modeled after the originals. When originally built, the streetcars operated by the Toledo","title":"Martin Luther King Bridge (Toledo, Ohio)"},{"psg_id":"8833272","text":"with six out-patient surgeries and a dental clinic, with an estimated total cost of more than $350 million. King Drew Magnet High School of Medicine and Science, is located adjacent to the hospital in Willowbrook. It is a Los Angeles Unified School District magnet school affiliated with the MLK Jr. hospital Martin Luther King Jr. Outpatient Center The Martin Luther King Jr. Outpatient Center (MLK OC), formerly known as Martin Luther King Jr. Multi-Service Ambulatory Care Center (MLK–MACC), Martin Luther King Jr./Drew Medical Center (King/Drew) and later Martin Luther King Jr.–Harbor Hospital (MLK–Harbor or King–Harbor),was a public urgent care center","title":"Martin Luther King Jr. Outpatient Center"},{"psg_id":"8833239","text":"Martin Luther King Jr. Outpatient Center The Martin Luther King Jr. Outpatient Center (MLK OC), formerly known as Martin Luther King Jr. Multi-Service Ambulatory Care Center (MLK–MACC), Martin Luther King Jr./Drew Medical Center (King/Drew) and later Martin Luther King Jr.–Harbor Hospital (MLK–Harbor or King–Harbor),was a public urgent care center and outpatient clinic and former hospital in Willowbrook, an unincorporated section of Los Angeles County, California, north of the city of Compton and south of the Watts neighborhood of Los Angeles. Founded as a major public hospital, it was shut down in August 2007 because of its poor record of patient","title":"Martin Luther King Jr. Outpatient Center"},{"psg_id":"4435327","text":"Martin Luther King Sr. Martin Luther King Sr. (born Michael King; December 19, 1899November 11, 1984) was an American Baptist pastor, missionary, and an early figure in the Civil Rights Movement. He was the father of civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. King was born Michael King in Stockbridge, Georgia, the son of Delia (née Linsey; 1875–1924) and James Albert King (1864–1933). He led the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta, Georgia, and became a leader of the Civil Rights Movement, as the head of the NAACP chapter in Atlanta and of the Civic and Political League. He encouraged his","title":"Martin Luther King Sr."},{"psg_id":"17483261","text":"of Daugavpils on 13 October 2007. Martin Luther Cathedral, Daugavpils The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Martin Luther () or Martin Luther Cathedral is an Evangelical Lutheran cathedral in Daugavpils, Latvia. The cathedral was designed by Wilhelm Neumann, one of the most influential architects in the current landscape of Daugavpils. It is built is the brick gothic style, and was completed in 1893. The cathedral is the seat of the Lutheran Bishop of Daugavpils in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia. The current bishop is Einārs Alpe, born 11 November 1963, who was ordained in the Lutheran Church in 1991, and","title":"Martin Luther Cathedral, Daugavpils"},{"psg_id":"17483260","text":"Martin Luther Cathedral, Daugavpils The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Martin Luther () or Martin Luther Cathedral is an Evangelical Lutheran cathedral in Daugavpils, Latvia. The cathedral was designed by Wilhelm Neumann, one of the most influential architects in the current landscape of Daugavpils. It is built is the brick gothic style, and was completed in 1893. The cathedral is the seat of the Lutheran Bishop of Daugavpils in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia. The current bishop is Einārs Alpe, born 11 November 1963, who was ordained in the Lutheran Church in 1991, and was consecrated and enthroned as Bishop","title":"Martin Luther Cathedral, Daugavpils"},{"psg_id":"14302649","text":"Martin Luther Christian University Martin Luther Christian University was established in July 2005. The university is named after Martin Luther (1483–1546), the father of reformation. MLCU is the first Christian University in India, that doesn't focus on theological training after more than two centuries of Christian education in the country. In a short span of years, the University has carved a niche for itself in the country for its commitment to providing quality learning and offering a conducive environment for quality academic pursuits. The creation and functioning of the university is in accordance with the University Grants Commission Act, 1956","title":"Martin Luther Christian University"},{"psg_id":"12322701","text":"included replacement of the rotting quoins with redwood duplicates, a new roof, rain gutters, and exterior painting in historical colors, including white trim. It's situated in a park-like setting. On 19 January 1972, the Martin Luther Marsh House was designated a California Point of Historical Interest No. P241. Less than a year later, on 11 April 1973, this Nevada County building was designated as a landmark by the National Register of Historic Places. Martin Luther Marsh House The Martin Luther Marsh House was built in 1873, and is located at 254 Boulder Street in Nevada City, in the Gold Country","title":"Martin Luther Marsh House"},{"psg_id":"8650870","text":"dynamic, re-creative nature of God's Word.\" In the anthology \"Union with Christ: The New Finnish Interpretation of Luther\" the topic of Osiandrianism is addressed because the Finnish School is perceived as a repristination of Andreas Osiander's doctrine of salvation through Christ's indwelling the believer with his divine nature. Theology of Martin Luther The theology of Martin Luther was instrumental in influencing the Protestant Reformation, specifically topics dealing with Justification by Faith, the relationship between the Law and the Gospel (also an instrumental component of Reformed theology), and various other theological ideas. Although Luther never wrote a \"systematic theology\" or a","title":"Theology of Martin Luther"},{"psg_id":"8650854","text":"Theology of Martin Luther The theology of Martin Luther was instrumental in influencing the Protestant Reformation, specifically topics dealing with Justification by Faith, the relationship between the Law and the Gospel (also an instrumental component of Reformed theology), and various other theological ideas. Although Luther never wrote a \"systematic theology\" or a \"summa\" in the style of St. Thomas Aquinas, many of his ideas were systematized in the Lutheran Confessions. \"This one and firm rock, which we call the doctrine of justification,\" insisted Luther, \"is the chief article of the whole Christian doctrine, which comprehends the understanding of all godliness.\"","title":"Theology of Martin Luther"},{"psg_id":"12322700","text":"Martin Luther Marsh House The Martin Luther Marsh House was built in 1873, and is located at 254 Boulder Street in Nevada City, in the Gold Country of Nevada County, California. The Martin Luther Marsh House's architecture and engineering were significant during the California Gold Rush period of 1850-1874. The single family home is of Italianate Style-Victorian design. It bears a hip roofed cupola and the windows are arched. Briefly in the 1970s, the Marsh House was the American Victorian Museum, founded by Carol and David Fluke, (owners/funding,) Ruthe Hamm, (owner/funding,) and co-founders David Osborne and Charles Woods. Recent restoration","title":"Martin Luther Marsh House"},{"psg_id":"10954628","text":"career. For his acting work he is credited under his full name. Martin Luther developed his mix of musical genres as a child where he was raised on choir hymns through his religious parents. At the same time, he learned how to play piano and was exposed to the sounds of Parliament Funkadelic.These eclectic tastes redirected Martin Luther's interests as he experimented with the sounds of funk. He taught himself how to play the drums and the piano, incorporating the wider range of instruments into his music. Martin Luther blends gospel with rock and R&B in his music with the","title":"Martin Luther McCoy"},{"psg_id":"13232614","text":"the name was changed again to \"What Did I Do To Deserve This, My Lord!?\", to avoid infringing upon the Batman IP. A third game, \"No Heroes Allowed!\" was released in late 2010. With the exception of Japan, \"Holy Invasion Of Privacy, Badman! What Did I Do To Deserve This?\" received average reviews. \"\"Holy Invasion of Privacy, Badman!\" is an extremely quirky, challenging title that has a few frustrating elements that keep it from being a stellar downloadable,\" IGN said about the game. Game Revolution gave the game a C-, stating, \"A weird and unique freak of nature amongst the","title":"What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord?"},{"psg_id":"12427222","text":"Martin Luther Thompson Martin Luther Thompson was a Texas Choctaw leader and rancher who along with his relatives, William Clyde Thompson (1839–1912), Robert E. Lee Thompson (1872–1959) and John Thurston Thompson (1864–1907), led several families of Choctaws from the Mount Tabor Indian Community in Rusk County, Texas to Pickens County, Chickasaw Nation, I.T. (now Marlow, Oklahoma) Martin, a mixed blood Choctaw and Chickasaw Indian, was the son of Thomas Umphres Thompson (1829–1864) and Martha Strong Thompson (1836–1920) (who were first cousins) was born in Rusk County, Texas on September 20, 1857. He married Inez Monterey Fannin at Camp Colorado, Coleman","title":"Martin Luther Thompson"},{"psg_id":"8990383","text":"the context of rapid developments at Wittenberg, of which he was kept fully informed. Andreas Karlstadt, supported by the ex-Augustinian Gabriel Zwilling, embarked on a radical programme of reform there in June 1521, exceeding anything envisaged by Luther. The reforms provoked disturbances, including a revolt by the Augustinian friars against their prior, the smashing of statues and images in churches, and denunciations of the magistracy. After secretly visiting Wittenberg in early December 1521, Luther wrote \"A Sincere Admonition by Martin Luther to All Christians to Guard Against Insurrection and Rebellion\". Wittenberg became even more volatile after Christmas when a band","title":"Martin Luther"},{"psg_id":"8990381","text":"In the summer of 1521, Luther widened his target from individual pieties like indulgences and pilgrimages to doctrines at the heart of Church practice. In \"On the Abrogation of the Private Mass\", he condemned as idolatry the idea that the mass is a sacrifice, asserting instead that it is a gift, to be received with thanksgiving by the whole congregation. His essay \"On Confession, Whether the Pope has the Power to Require It\" rejected compulsory confession and encouraged private confession and absolution, since \"every Christian is a confessor.\" In November, Luther wrote \"The Judgement of Martin Luther on Monastic Vows\".","title":"Martin Luther"},{"psg_id":"8990358","text":"the sale of a special plenary indulgence (i.e., remission of the temporal punishment of sin), half of the proceeds of which Albrecht was to claim to pay the fees of his benefices. On 31 October 1517, Luther wrote to his bishop, Albrecht von Brandenburg, protesting the sale of indulgences. He enclosed in his letter a copy of his \"Disputation of Martin Luther on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences\", which came to be known as the \"Ninety-five Theses\". Hans Hillerbrand writes that Luther had no intention of confronting the church, but saw his disputation as a scholarly objection to church","title":"Martin Luther"},{"psg_id":"8990348","text":"to Katharina von Bora, a former nun, set a model for the practice of clerical marriage, allowing Protestant clergy to marry. In two of his later works, Luther expressed antagonistic views towards Jews. His rhetoric was not directed at Jews alone, but also towards Roman Catholics, Anabaptists, and nontrinitarian Christians. Martin Luther died in 1546, with his decree of excommunication by Pope Leo X still effective. On his deathbed, Luther was asked: \"Are you ready to die trusting in your Lord Jesus Christ and to confess the doctrine which you have taught in his name?\" He answered \"Yes\", before taking","title":"Martin Luther"},{"psg_id":"4478859","text":"in 2018. Martin Luther King Jr. National Historical Park The Martin Luther King Jr. National Historical Park consists of several buildings in Atlanta, Georgia, including Martin Luther King Jr.'s boyhood home and the original Ebenezer Baptist Church, the church where King was baptized and both his father Martin Luther King Sr. and he were pastors. These places, critical to the interpretation of the life of Martin Luther King Jr. and his legacy as a leader of the American Civil Rights Movement, were included in the park when it was established on October 10, 1980. Formerly a National Historic Site, the","title":"Martin Luther King Jr. National Historical Park"},{"psg_id":"4478846","text":"Martin Luther King Jr. National Historical Park The Martin Luther King Jr. National Historical Park consists of several buildings in Atlanta, Georgia, including Martin Luther King Jr.'s boyhood home and the original Ebenezer Baptist Church, the church where King was baptized and both his father Martin Luther King Sr. and he were pastors. These places, critical to the interpretation of the life of Martin Luther King Jr. and his legacy as a leader of the American Civil Rights Movement, were included in the park when it was established on October 10, 1980. Formerly a National Historic Site, the unit was","title":"Martin Luther King Jr. National Historical Park"},{"psg_id":"18761614","text":"Collaborative's Executive Director, Detria Russell is located throughout the Martin Luther King Sr. Community Resources Collaborative's three floors. Because the Collaborative is located in the \"National Historic King District,\" The National Park Service administers the Collaborative's parking lot and surrounding land, which includes the old Historic Ebenezer Baptist Church building, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s birth home and gravesite, as well as, a community playground. Martin Luther King Sr. Community Resources Collaborative The Martin Luther King Sr. Community Resources Collaborative named after the late Reverend turned community activist Martin Luther King Sr., held its official dedication ceremony, November 4, 2012.","title":"Martin Luther King Sr. Community Resources Collaborative"},{"psg_id":"10091036","text":"Martin Luther King High School (Detroit) Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. High School is located at 3200 East Lafayette Boulevard in Detroit, Michigan; the building is operated by the Detroit Board of Education. King's district encompasses Downtown and Midtown Detroit; it also includes Lafayette Park, the Martin Luther King Apartments and Riverfront Condominiums. The Brewster-Douglass Housing Projects were zoned to MLK prior to their demolition. In addition it includes the three Wayne State University housing complexes that permit families with children (Chatsworth Tower, DeRoy, and University Tower). The facility that came to be known as Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.","title":"Martin Luther King High School (Detroit)"},{"psg_id":"17533164","text":"who opened the new organization in 2015 have been relieved of their duties since the new Caucasian CNO Susie Reinsvold and many have been replaced with non African American leaders . The hospital on the site of the former Martin Luther King Jr. Multi-Service Ambulatory Care Center, originally named the Martin Luther King Jr./Drew Medical Center, known as King/Drew. The adjacent Los Angeles County Department of Health Services Martin Luther King Jr. Outpatient Center opened in a new building in 2014. The closure of Martin Luther King Jr. Multi-Service Ambulatory Care Center (King/Drew) in 2007, due to revocation of federal","title":"Martin Luther King Jr. Community Hospital"},{"psg_id":"4771792","text":"demonstrates Dexter King's misuse of power and his history of making poor decisions involving the Center without seeking proper input from his siblings. In October 2008, Martin Luther King III had not seen his brother since June, and Dexter had yet to meet his niece, Yolanda. Martin, Bernice, and Dexter have each expressed love for each other and hope that they will reconcile once their legal matters have been resolved. In October 2009, Martin and his siblings settled the lawsuit out of court. On April 6, 2010, Martin Luther King III, brother Dexter King, and sister Bernice King issued a","title":"Martin Luther King III"},{"psg_id":"6274778","text":"Waterloo Lutheran Seminary renamed itself to Martin Luther University College, with an announcement at the Eastern Synod Assembly in Toronto on Saturday, June 23, 2018. The school (Luther, for short) continues to be federated with Laurier. Theological Education Martin Luther University College offers Master of Divinity program for people preparing for the ministry in a variety of churches and Master of Arts in Theology program in two fields: Public Faith and Spirituality and Spiritual Care and Psychotherapy. Spiritual Care and Psychotherapy is the largest program, and prepares people to work in clinical settings such as counselling agencies. Individuals studying for","title":"Martin Luther University College"},{"psg_id":"11766078","text":"be standing there arraigned on such charges, so should Martin Luther. Reading such passages, it is hard not to agree with him. Luther's proposals read like a program for the Nazis.\" It was Luther's expression \"The Jews are our misfortune\" that centuries later would be repeated by Heinrich von Treitschke and appear as motto on the front page of Julius Streicher's \"Der Stürmer\". Some scholars have attributed the Nazi \"Final Solution\" directly to Martin Luther. Others dispute this point of view, pointedly taking issue with the thesis advanced by William Shirer and others. In the course of the \"Luthertag\" (Luther","title":"Martin Luther and antisemitism"},{"psg_id":"6875803","text":"new finish for the side of the artwork. Sculptor Lei Yixin carved grooves over the former words to match existing horizontal \"striation\" marks in the memorial and deepened all the memorial's grooves so that they match. Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial The Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial is located in West Potomac Park next to the National Mall in Washington, D.C., United States. It covers four acres and includes the Stone of Hope, a granite statue of Civil Rights Movement leader Martin Luther King carved by sculptor Lei Yixin. The inspiration for the memorial design is a line from King's","title":"Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial"},{"psg_id":"6875764","text":"Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial The Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial is located in West Potomac Park next to the National Mall in Washington, D.C., United States. It covers four acres and includes the Stone of Hope, a granite statue of Civil Rights Movement leader Martin Luther King carved by sculptor Lei Yixin. The inspiration for the memorial design is a line from King's \"I Have A Dream\" speech: \"Out of the mountain of despair, a stone of hope.\" The memorial opened to the public on August 22, 2011, after more than two decades of planning, fund-raising, and construction. This","title":"Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial"},{"psg_id":"20823495","text":"a Dark Time\" (1984) edited by Nicholas Humphrey and Robert Lifton, \"The Heart of the Race: Black Women's Lives in Britain\" (1985) by Beverley Bryan, Stella Dadzie and Suzanne Scafe\", The European Tribe\" (1987) by Caryl Phillips, and \"Behind the Frontlines: Journey into Afro-Britain\" (1988) by Ferdinand Dennis. Martin Luther King Memorial Prize The Martin Luther King Memorial Prize was instituted by novelist John Brunner and his wife and was awarded annually to a literary work published in the US or Britain that was deemed to improve interrracial understanding, \"reflecting the ideals to which Dr. Martin Luther King dedicated his","title":"Martin Luther King Memorial Prize"},{"psg_id":"20823494","text":"Martin Luther King Memorial Prize The Martin Luther King Memorial Prize was instituted by novelist John Brunner and his wife and was awarded annually to a literary work published in the US or Britain that was deemed to improve interrracial understanding, \"reflecting the ideals to which Dr. Martin Luther King dedicated his life\". The author of the winning work was awarded £100. Winners of the prize have included \"Because They're Black\" (1972) by Derek Humphry and Gus John, \" Black and White: The Negro and English Society\" (1975) by James Walvin, \"A Dry White Season\" (1980) by André Brink, \"In","title":"Martin Luther King Memorial Prize"},{"psg_id":"15417674","text":"W3, 90, 92, and 93 serve MLK Ave, with many others crossing the street. \"For more information, see List of Metrobus routes\" Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue (also known as MLK Ave) is a major street in the District of Columbia traversing through both the Southwest and Southeast quadrants. Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue SW begins at the southwestern tip of the District of Columbia near the Blue Plains Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant. Headed north, the avenue overlaps with South Capitol Street from 2nd St SW to Halley Place SE, where it turns northeast, becoming","title":"Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue"},{"psg_id":"13696183","text":"Martin Luther King Drive station The Martin Luther King Drive station of the Hudson–Bergen Light Rail (West Side Branch) is located adjacent to the Hub in the Jackson Hill neighborhood of Jersey City, New Jersey. The station opened on April 22, 2000, with a memorial to slain civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr. at its entrance. and other related public art throughout the station. The original cut of the Newark and New York Railroad Branch of Central Railroad of New Jersey excavated through Bergen Hill in 1869 with service running until 1946. The unrenovated former CNJ train station was","title":"Martin Luther King Drive station"},{"psg_id":"12751352","text":"of mystery plays provide the unifying motif for a parallel telling of the story of the film. When Luther's carriage en route from the Wartburg to Wittenberg it is shown passing an actor wearing a devil's mask. When this scene is revisited at the end of the film, the actor slips this mask off his face. Martin Luther, Heretic (1983 film) Martin Luther, Heretic is a 1983 film made to commemorate the 500th anniversary of the birth of Martin Luther. It was released on November 8, 1983 in the United Kingdom, two days before the 500th jubilee on November 10.","title":"Martin Luther, Heretic (1983 film)"},{"psg_id":"4827008","text":"union, cafeteria, fitness center, locker rooms, and gymnasium. All facilities are available to students from morning until midnight throughout the school year. MLC students are allowed free access to the nearby New Ulm Recreation Center. Morning and evening worship services are conducted daily during the school week in the Chapel of the Christ. Approximately 30% of Martin Luther College students participate in a varsity sport, and about 60% participate in intramural athletics. Martin Luther College fields 16 intercollegiate varsity teams; 8 for men, 8 for women. The college supports an additional 15 intramural leagues. The varsity teams compete in the","title":"Martin Luther College"},{"psg_id":"4826996","text":"group of students moved the \"Sprinter\" statue of NWC's campus in Watertown, Wisconsin, to New Ulm after college administration decided to leave the statue in Watertown. In the same year, the Northwestern College Board of Control donated a statue of Martin Luther to the New Ulm campus. Rev. Theodore Olsen became president of the college in 1995. In 1999, the Wisconsin Synod approved a program change that required students in the education program to meet the standards for Minnesota state licensure. Martin Luther College began offering a graduate degree program in 2005. MLC's current president, Rev. Mark Zarling, assumed his","title":"Martin Luther College"},{"psg_id":"4826992","text":"Center in 1968. During these years the college added new positions and developed new courses, including a secondary education program. Also, DMLC's preparatory department separated from the college during this time, becoming Dr. Martin Luther High School in 1962. The high school changed its name to Martin Luther Academy (MLA) in 1967. During the 1950s, the Wisconsin Synod anticipated a significant need for teachers in the coming years and considered several plans for the future. Ultimately, the synod established a junior college in Milwaukee named Milwaukee Lutheran Teachers College. The junior college began operations in 1960, sharing a campus with","title":"Martin Luther College"},{"psg_id":"4826973","text":"college is a member of the Upper Midwest Athletic Conference. Martin Luther College was established in 1995 when Northwestern College (NWC), located in Watertown, Wisconsin, combined with Dr. Martin Luther College (DMLC) located in New Ulm, Minnesota, at the New Ulm campus. Northwestern College was established in 1865 to train pastors for the Wisconsin Synod. After the founding of the Wisconsin Synod in 1850, the church body had received its pastors from mission societies in Germany. However, as the Wisconsin Synod developed a more confessional stance, the desire to train its own pastors became apparent. The doctrine and theological character","title":"Martin Luther College"},{"psg_id":"11479274","text":"(the Selma, Rome and Dalton Railroad). He is buried in Oconee Hill Cemetery in Athens, Georgia. A bust of General Smith stands at the Vicksburg National Military Park. It was sculpted in 1911 by Henry Hudson Kitson. Attribution Martin Luther Smith Martin Luther Smith (September 9, 1819 – July 29, 1866) was an American soldier and civil engineer, serving as a major general in the Confederate States Army. Smith was one of the few Northern-born generals to fight for the Confederacy, as he had served most of his early military career in the South with the United States Army's topographical","title":"Martin Luther Smith"},{"psg_id":"11479269","text":"Martin Luther Smith Martin Luther Smith (September 9, 1819 – July 29, 1866) was an American soldier and civil engineer, serving as a major general in the Confederate States Army. Smith was one of the few Northern-born generals to fight for the Confederacy, as he had served most of his early military career in the South with the United States Army's topographical engineers, marrying a native of Athens, Georgia. He planned and constructed the defenses of Vicksburg. Smith was born in Danby, New York, where his father had settled after moving from Maine. In 1842, he graduated 16th in his","title":"Martin Luther Smith"},{"psg_id":"11249810","text":"Martin Luther Agwai General Martin Luther Agwai CFR GSS psc(+) fwc is a retired Nigerian army officer who served as Chief of Defence Staff and Chief of Army Staff. Agwai was born on November 8, 1948 in Kaduna, a city in Northern Nigeria. He hails from a Christian home and was the President of Fellowship of Christian Students at Government Secondary School, Zaria in 1967. He graduated from the Nigerian Command and Staff College, British Army Staff College, Camberley and United States Army Armor School amongst others. He holds a Post Graduate diploma in Public Administration with distinctions from the","title":"Martin Luther Agwai"},{"psg_id":"10470593","text":"Luther Martin Kennett Luther Martin Kennett (March 15, 1807 – April 12, 1873) was a U.S. Representative from Missouri. Born in Falmouth, Kentucky, Kennett attended private schools. Deputy county clerk of Pendleton County in 1822 and 1823 and of Campbell County, Kentucky, in 1824. He moved to St. Louis, Missouri, in 1825. He was employed in a mercantile establishment. Later engaged in lead mining and the manufacture of shot the Jefferson and St. Francois counties. He returned to St. Louis in 1842. City alderman 1843-1846. He declined to be a candidate for reelection. Spent several years in Europe on account","title":"Luther Martin Kennett"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16049221\",\n \"text\": \"Australian iTunes Store. On Boxing Day 2011, a remix by Sander van Doorn was released to Beatport, released on Doorn Records. The single is billed to Kele vs. Sander van Doorn featuring Lucy Taylor. A music video (simply a re-edited version of the original video) was released. The songs music video was released on 13 September 2011 to Kele's official YouTube channel. As of 23 November 2011, the video has 295939 views. The music video was directed by Nova Dando, with the dancers styled by Nadine Artois. What Did I Do? \\\"What Did I Do?\\\" is a song by Kele\",\n \"title\": \"What Did I Do?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16049220\",\n \"text\": \"What Did I Do? \\\"What Did I Do?\\\" is a song by Kele Okereke, released as the first single from his EP \\\"The Hunter\\\". The song's music video was released on 13 September 2011, with the song being released as a digital single in Japan 10 days later. The song features vocals from singer Lucy Taylor. The single was produced by constant collaborator XXXChange and mixed by Sub Focus. The single's cover is the same as the cover for \\\"The Hunter\\\" EP. On 16 November 2011, Liberator Music released a remix of the single by All The Lights to the\",\n \"title\": \"What Did I Do?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17338140\",\n \"text\": \"What Did I Do to You? \\\"What Did I Do to You?\\\" is a song recorded by British singer Lisa Stansfield for her 1989 album, \\\"Affection\\\". It was written by Stansfield, Ian Devaney and Andy Morris, and produced by Devaney and Morris. The song received positive reviews from music critics. \\\"What Did I Do to You?\\\" was released as the fourth European single on 30 April 1990. It included three previously unreleased songs written by Stansfield, Devaney and Morris: \\\"My Apple Heart,\\\" \\\"Lay Me Down\\\" and \\\"Something's Happenin'.\\\" \\\"What Did I Do to You?\\\" was remixed by Mark Saunders and\",\n \"title\": \"What Did I Do to You?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16802803\",\n \"text\": \"1897, due to incorrect handling, the engine ground to a halt about 4 km outside of Swakopmund, and was abandoned there. A local resident Max Rhode is said to have said in a gathering in the Bismarck Hotel the following words: “Did you know that the steam ox is called ‘Martin Luther’ now because it can also say — ‘Here I stand, I can do no other’ ”. Thus the engine gained its present name, although recent scholars have doubts as to whether Luther ever did utter these words. The engine has been restored twice, first in 1973, and more\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther (steam locomotive)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8990390\",\n \"text\": \"their own free will, do what the apostles and disciples did in Acts 4 [:32–37]. They did not demand, as do our insane peasants in their raging, that the goods of others—of Pilate and Herod—should be common, but only their own goods. Our peasants, however, want to make the goods of other men common, and keep their own for themselves. Fine Christians they are! I think there is not a devil left in hell; they have all gone into the peasants. Their raving has gone beyond all measure. Luther justified his opposition to the rebels on three grounds. First, in\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17338142\",\n \"text\": \"1989–2003\\\" box set (2014), including previously unreleased Red Zone Mix by David Morales. European/UK 7\\\" single European/UK/Japanese CD single UK 10\\\" single European/UK 12\\\" single UK 12\\\" promotional single Other remixes What Did I Do to You? \\\"What Did I Do to You?\\\" is a song recorded by British singer Lisa Stansfield for her 1989 album, \\\"Affection\\\". It was written by Stansfield, Ian Devaney and Andy Morris, and produced by Devaney and Morris. The song received positive reviews from music critics. \\\"What Did I Do to You?\\\" was released as the fourth European single on 30 April 1990. It included\",\n \"title\": \"What Did I Do to You?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18161797\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther High School, Okombahe Martin Luther High School (MLH) is a boarding school in the village of Okombahe in the Erongo Region of central Namibia, named after German church reformer Martin Luther. The school 250 pupils in grades 8 to 12, and twelve teachers. There are different accounts on when and where the school was established. According to Klaus Dierks, Martin Luther High was opened in 1968 at the initiative of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of South West Africa. Originally planned for the nearby town of Karibib, the South African administration did not approve the establishment of a school\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther High School, Okombahe\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9770281\",\n \"text\": \"Student Council. Martin Luther School Martin Luther School is a co-educational Lutheran middle and high school located in the neighborhood of Maspeth, in the borough of Queens, New York City. Until 2012, the school's name was Martin Luther High School. Martin Luther serves a diverse body of students from Queens and Brooklyn from a variety of ethnic, religious and academic backgrounds. In order to graduate students are required to take classes in Business, English, History, Fine Arts, Foreign Languages, Mathematics, Physical Education, Science, and Theology. Martin Luther also offers Advanced Placement courses. Martin Luther offers several extracurricular activities. The school\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther School\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9770279\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther School Martin Luther School is a co-educational Lutheran middle and high school located in the neighborhood of Maspeth, in the borough of Queens, New York City. Until 2012, the school's name was Martin Luther High School. Martin Luther serves a diverse body of students from Queens and Brooklyn from a variety of ethnic, religious and academic backgrounds. In order to graduate students are required to take classes in Business, English, History, Fine Arts, Foreign Languages, Mathematics, Physical Education, Science, and Theology. Martin Luther also offers Advanced Placement courses. Martin Luther offers several extracurricular activities. The school mascot is\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther School\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17338141\",\n \"text\": \"by the Grammy Award-winning American house music DJ and producer, David Morales. The Philip Richardson-directed music video was also released. The single became a top forty hit in the European countries reaching number seven in Italy, number eighteen in Finland, number twenty in Ireland and number twenty-five in the United Kingdom. \\\"What Did I Do to You?\\\" was also released in Japan. In 2014, the remixes of \\\"What Did I Do to You?\\\" were included on the deluxe 2CD + DVD re-release of \\\"Affection\\\" and on \\\"People Hold On ... The Remix Anthology\\\". They were also featured on \\\"The Collection\",\n \"title\": \"What Did I Do to You?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12851558\",\n \"text\": \"around\\\" and go back to his lover, then hold her, and then tell her how sorry he is for what he did. What I Need to Do \\\"What I Need To Do\\\" is a song written by Tom Damphier and Bill Luther, and recorded by American country music artist Kenny Chesney. It was released in January 2000 as the fourth and final single from Chesney's 1999 album \\\"Everywhere We Go\\\". The song peaked at number 8 in the United States and number 13 in Canada in 2000. The song describes the narrator thinking about \\\"what [he] need[s] to do\\\" as\",\n \"title\": \"What I Need to Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4827012\",\n \"text\": \"candidates for assignment to serve in elementary schools, high schools, or congregations of the Wisconsin Synod. The synod's leadership cooperates with the college's officers and administrators to assign candidates to their respective schools and congregations. The Wisconsin Synod is the third largest Lutheran church body in the United States and operates the fourth largest private school system in the nation. The Martin Luther College Alumni Association (MLCAA) is an alumni association available to all graduates of Martin Luther College, Dr. Martin Luther College, Northwestern College, and Martin Luther Academy/Dr. Martin Luther High School. The MLCAA plans events, coordinates funding efforts,\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther College\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4564248\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther (diplomat) Martin Franz Julius Luther (; 16 December 1895 – 13 May 1945) was an early member of the Nazi Party. He served as an advisor to Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop, first in the \\\"Dienststelle Ribbentrop\\\" (\\\"Ribbentrop Bureau\\\"), and later in the \\\"Auswärtiges Amt\\\" (\\\"Foreign Office\\\") as a diplomat when von Ribbentrop replaced Konstantin von Neurath. He participated in the Wannsee Conference, at which the Final Solution was planned; it was the 1947 discovery of his copy of the minutes that first made the Allied powers aware that the conference had taken place and what its purpose\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther (diplomat)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4564254\",\n \"text\": \"only of expulsions; it has been used by Holocaust denialists to argue that the conference did not present a policy of genocide, but is not inconsistent with a change in policy. Martin Luther (diplomat) Martin Franz Julius Luther (; 16 December 1895 – 13 May 1945) was an early member of the Nazi Party. He served as an advisor to Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop, first in the \\\"Dienststelle Ribbentrop\\\" (\\\"Ribbentrop Bureau\\\"), and later in the \\\"Auswärtiges Amt\\\" (\\\"Foreign Office\\\") as a diplomat when von Ribbentrop replaced Konstantin von Neurath. He participated in the Wannsee Conference, at which the Final\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther (diplomat)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4771773\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther King III Martin Luther King III (born October 23, 1957) is an American human rights advocate and community activist. He is the oldest son and oldest living child of civil rights leaders Martin Luther King Jr. and Coretta Scott King. Martin Luther King III was born on October 23, 1957, to civil rights advocates Martin Luther King Jr. and Coretta Scott King. His mother had reservations about naming him after his famous father, \\\"realizing the burdens it can create for the child,\\\" but King Jr. always wanted to name his son Martin Luther III. King's birth occurred as\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther King III\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4827013\",\n \"text\": \"and offers educational and travel opportunities. The group communicates with alumni through social media, the \\\"Alumni Messenger\\\", and \\\"InFocus\\\", MLC's flagship publication. Martin Luther College Martin Luther College (MLC) is a private liberal arts college located in New Ulm, Minnesota, operated by the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod. Martin Luther College was established in 1995, when Northwestern College (NWC) of Watertown, Wisconsin, combined with Dr. Martin Luther College (DMLC) of New Ulm on DMLC's campus. MLC offers several undergraduate and graduate degree programs, all of which train students for service in the Wisconsin Synod. Men who graduate from the college's pre-seminary\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther College\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4826983\",\n \"text\": \"campus of Dr. Martin Luther College in New Ulm, Minnesota. The vote was 195 to 176 in favor of the merger. In 1995, Northwestern College moved to New Ulm, Minnesota, and combined with Dr. Martin Luther College as Martin Luther College. Dr. Martin Luther College was established in 1884 to train pastors and teachers for the Minnesota Synod, one of the church bodies incorporated into the present-day Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod in 1917. The Minnesota Synod, founded in 1860, suffered from doctrinal disunity, lack of orthodox synodical fellowship, and a shortage of workers throughout its early years. The synod sought\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther College\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4826971\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther College Martin Luther College (MLC) is a private liberal arts college located in New Ulm, Minnesota, operated by the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod. Martin Luther College was established in 1995, when Northwestern College (NWC) of Watertown, Wisconsin, combined with Dr. Martin Luther College (DMLC) of New Ulm on DMLC's campus. MLC offers several undergraduate and graduate degree programs, all of which train students for service in the Wisconsin Synod. Men who graduate from the college's pre-seminary program may enroll at Wisconsin Lutheran Seminary. Men and women who graduate from its education programs may be assigned by the Wisconsin\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther College\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8990349\",\n \"text\": \"his final breath. Martin Luther was born to Hans Luder (or Ludher, later Luther) and his wife Margarethe (née Lindemann) on 10 November 1483 in Eisleben, County of Mansfeld in the Holy Roman Empire. Luther was baptized the next morning on the feast day of St. Martin of Tours. His family moved to Mansfeld in 1484, where his father was a leaseholder of copper mines and smelters and served as one of four citizen representatives on the local council; in 1492 he was elected as a town councilor. The religious scholar Martin Marty describes Luther's mother as a hard-working woman\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8990457\",\n \"text\": \"Lutheranism. His large body also let the viewer know that he did not shun earthly pleasures like drinking—behavior that was a stark contrast to the ascetic life of the medieval religious orders. Famous images from this period include the woodcuts by Hans Brosamer (1530) and Lucas Cranach the Elder and Lucas Cranach the Younger (1546). Luther is honoured on 18 February with a commemoration in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States) Calendar of Saints. In the Church of England's Calendar of Saints he is commemorated on 31 October. Martin Luther is honored in various ways\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8990436\",\n \"text\": \"on 4 March 1540, Philip married a second wife, Margarethe von der Saale, with Melanchthon and Bucer among the witnesses. However, Philip's sister Elisabeth quickly made the scandal public and Phillip threatened to expose Luther's advice. Luther told him to \\\"tell a good, strong lie\\\" and deny the marriage completely, which Philip did. Margarethe gave birth to nine children over a span of 17 years, giving Philip a total of 19 children. In the view of Luther's biographer Martin Brecht, \\\"giving confessional advice for Philip of Hesse was one of the worst mistakes Luther made, and, next to the landgrave\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4771788\",\n \"text\": \"system, and that \\\"we all have to roll up our sleeves and do work to ensure that the dream that he shared can be fulfilled.\\\" On January 19, 2009, the Martin Luther King Jr. national holiday, King joined Obama in painting and refurbishing the Sasha Bruce Youthwork shelter for homeless teens in Northeast Washington for the nationwide day of community service. Martin Luther King III gave a tribute at Michael Jackson's memorial service on July 7, 2009, and spoke at Jackson's funeral at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, California, alongside his sister, Bernice. He also spoke as a campus\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther King III\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8990393\",\n \"text\": \"Luther wrote: “I, Martin Luther, have during the rebellion slain all the peasants, for it was I who ordered them to be struck dead.” Martin Luther married Katharina von Bora, one of 12 nuns he had helped escape from the Nimbschen Cistercian convent in April 1523, when he arranged for them to be smuggled out in herring barrels. \\\"Suddenly, and while I was occupied with far different thoughts,\\\" he wrote to Wenceslaus Link, \\\"the Lord has plunged me into marriage.\\\" At the time of their marriage, Katharina was 26 years old and Luther was 41 years old. On 13 June\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11690741\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther High School Martin Luther High School is a private school affiliated with the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod and located in Greendale, Wisconsin, United States. Martin Luther High School was built after World War II as the second school of the Lutheran High School Association of Greater Milwaukee. It was designed to serve over 800 students. The campus has a drug- and smoke-free policy. Martin Luther High School has a college preparatory program that focuses on mathematics, literature, history, the arts, and foreign language. Martin Luther High School has two bands, the Varsity and the Symphonic Band. Symphonic Band is\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther High School\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13686288\",\n \"text\": \"Daddy, what did you do in the Great War? \\\"Daddy, what did YOU do in the Great War?\\\" was a British recruitment poster from 1915. It was released by the Parliamentary Recruiting Committee. A war recruitment poster from the First World War shows a daughter posing a question to her father, \\\"Daddy, what did YOU do in the Great War?\\\" There was an extensive recruitment campaign in Great Britain during World War I. Recruitment for World War I was different from prior wars, which had been fought by the regular (professional) army. Samuel Hynes writes that the war was fought\",\n \"title\": \"Daddy, what did you do in the Great War?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13232615\",\n \"text\": \"mundane shooters and RPGs with their played out themes of morality, but it's trying too hard to be clever.\\\" The game currently holds 69% on Metacritic. There have been two sequels to \\\"What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord?\\\" released on PSP: \\\"What Did I Do To Deserve This, My Lord? 2\\\" and \\\"No Heroes Allowed!\\\". A third sequel, \\\"No Heroes Allowed!\\\", was released in 2014 for PlayStation Vita, with a fourth, \\\"No Heroes Allowed! VR\\\", released on October 14 2017 for PlayStation VR. What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord? The game was released in\",\n \"title\": \"What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13232609\",\n \"text\": \"What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord? The game was released in North America exclusively as a download game on the PlayStation Store, under the title Holy Invasion of Privacy, Badman! What Did I Do To Deserve This?. However, on February 9, 2010, NIS America revealed it would be changing the game's name to avoid conflict with the Batman franchise. The game was re-released on April 22, 2010 on the PlayStation Network after it was removed to make the changes, while its sequel, \\\"What Did I Do To Deserve This, My Lord? 2\\\", had been delayed to May\",\n \"title\": \"What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10954627\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther McCoy Martin Luther McCoy (born July 1970) is an American musician and actor. McCoy is a San Francisco native from the Bayview-Hunters Point neighborhood. Martin collaborated extensively with musicians like The Roots and Cody ChesnuTT and appears as one of the six lead characters in the 2007 Beatles musical \\\"Across the Universe\\\" in the role of \\\"Jo-Jo\\\", who reflects Jimi Hendrix. In the film, McCoy performs the song \\\"While My Guitar Gently Weeps\\\", and \\\"Don't Let Me Down\\\" and also provides guitar and vocals on others. McCoy goes by the stage name of \\\"Martin Luther\\\" in his music\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther McCoy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8001773\",\n \"text\": \"What Did You Do in the War, Daddy? What Did You Do in the War, Daddy? is a 1966 comedy DeLuxe Color film written by William Peter Blatty and directed by Blake Edwards for the Mirisch Company in Panavision. It stars James Coburn and Dick Shawn. Filming was at Lake Sherwood Ranch in Thousand Hills, 40 miles northwest of Hollywood. In what had been a cow pasture, designer Fernando Carrere fabricated a storybook Sicilian village which added $800,000 to the production's already elevated $5.5 million budget. Captain Lionel Cash (Dick Shawn), a staff officer under General Max Bolt (Carroll O'Connor),\",\n \"title\": \"What Did You Do in the War, Daddy?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14302653\",\n \"text\": \"in the country. Local sponsors Khasi-Jaintia Presbyterian Assembly of Presbyterian Church of India withdrew its sponsorship to the university college in 2014. Martin Luther Christian University has been chargesheeted by CBI for misappropriation of funds sanctioned by North Eastern Council for establishment of North East Careers Institute. However, MLCU keeps its UGC accreditation due to its significance in the sector. Martin Luther Christian University Martin Luther Christian University was established in July 2005. The university is named after Martin Luther (1483–1546), the father of reformation. MLCU is the first Christian University in India, that doesn't focus on theological training after\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther Christian University\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11690743\",\n \"text\": \"and independent study music theory. The music computer lab allows students to write music and familiarize themselves with music technology such as ACID, Reason, and Sibelius Music Notation software. Martin Luther High School Martin Luther High School is a private school affiliated with the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod and located in Greendale, Wisconsin, United States. Martin Luther High School was built after World War II as the second school of the Lutheran High School Association of Greater Milwaukee. It was designed to serve over 800 students. The campus has a drug- and smoke-free policy. Martin Luther High School has a college\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther High School\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4826998\",\n \"text\": \"staff ministry programs. Through its Graduate Studies program, the college grants Master of Science degrees in Education, Educational Administration, and Theological Studies. All programs of study at Martin Luther College train students for service in the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod. As of 2017, Martin Luther College employs a total of 86 full-time and adjunct faculty members. Martin Luther College's pre-seminary program prepares male students for enrollment at Wisconsin Lutheran Seminary. Beyond its general education requirements and theology courses, the pre-seminary program stresses foreign languages. In order to graduate, students must complete courses in Hebrew and Greek, the original languages of\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther College\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4826997\",\n \"text\": \"office in 2007. In 2009 Martin Luther College dedicated its premier soccer field. The Chapel of the Christ was dedicated in 2010 to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the Wisconsin Synod. Currently, Martin Luther College is conducting a capital campaign in conjunction with its silver anniversary in 2020. The campaign goals include heightened recruitment efforts, increased financial aid for students, and expansion of campus facilities. As of 2016, Martin Luther College has 742 undergraduate students and 124 graduate students. MLC offers a Bachelor of Arts degree through its pre-seminary program and a Bachelor of Science degree through its education and\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther College\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4826995\",\n \"text\": \"and then began to decline. Unused and deteriorating dormitories were torn down as enrollment fell. The staff ministry program began at DMLC in 1993. After several years of study and discussion, the Wisconsin Synod in convention voted 195 to 176 to merge its pastor and teacher training colleges on the campus of Dr. Martin Luther College as Martin Luther College. Martin Luther College opened its doors to students for the 1995-1996 school year. New offices and classrooms were constructed between Old Main and the Wittenberg Collegiate Center in the months leading up to the 1995-1996 school year. In 1995, a\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther College\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4826994\",\n \"text\": \"in 1971. DMLC also reinstated its football team in 1971. The football program had been shut down a couple of decades earlier due to low enrollments. A rivalry with Northwestern College was begun when DMLC's football team began competitive play in 1972. DMLC's Lancer Bowl was dedicated in 1974. The enrollment at the New Ulm campus continued to grow, so in 1979 Martin Luther Academy moved to the former campus of Campion High School in Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, and became Martin Luther Preparatory School. Dr. Martin Luther College's enrollment reached a peak of 850 during the 1979-1980 school year\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther College\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10954629\",\n \"text\": \"release of his first solo album The Calling in 1999, and followed it with an independent release of his second album Rebel Soul Music in 2004 on his own label Rebel Soul Records; his third album \\\"Love is the Hero\\\" was released in 2012. While pursuing a music career, Martin Luther continued his education, receiving a degree in Media Arts from Morehouse College with a concentration in Entertainment Law and Marketing and graduated in 1992. Martin Luther McCoy Martin Luther McCoy (born July 1970) is an American musician and actor. McCoy is a San Francisco native from the Bayview-Hunters Point\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther McCoy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9927225\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther (1953 film) Martin Luther is a 1953 film biography of Martin Luther. It was directed by Irving Pichel, (who also plays a supporting role), and stars Niall MacGinnis as Luther. It was produced by Louis de Rochemont and RD-DR Corporation in collaboration with Lutheran Church Productions and Luther-Film-G.M.B.H. The National Board of Review named the film the fourth best of 1953. It was nominated for two Academy Awards, for Best Cinematography (Black-and-White) (Joseph C. Brun) and Art Direction/Set Decoration (Fritz Maurischat, Paul Markwitz). The music was composed by Mark Lothar and performed by the Munich Philharmonic Orchestra. It\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther (1953 film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2890361\",\n \"text\": \"Luther Martin Luther Martin (February 20, 1748, Piscataway, New Jersey – July 8, 1826, New York, New York) was a politician and one of the United States' Founding Fathers, who left the Constitutional Convention early because he felt the Constitution violated states' rights. He was a leading Anti-Federalist, along with Patrick Henry and George Mason, whose actions helped passage of the Bill of Rights. Martin was an early advocate of American independence from Great Britain. In the fall of 1774, as a resident of Somerset County, Maryland, he served on the county's patriot committee, and in December attended a convention\",\n \"title\": \"Luther Martin\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8001782\",\n \"text\": \"shelved when, during the scene where Captain Cash visits Charlie Company at their chow line, he holds out his hand and one of the GI mess orderly's ladles beans into the captain's hand. The score is by Henry Mancini. It includes \\\"The Swing March\\\" and \\\"In the Arms of Love\\\". What Did You Do in the War, Daddy? What Did You Do in the War, Daddy? is a 1966 comedy DeLuxe Color film written by William Peter Blatty and directed by Blake Edwards for the Mirisch Company in Panavision. It stars James Coburn and Dick Shawn. Filming was at Lake\",\n \"title\": \"What Did You Do in the War, Daddy?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18388158\",\n \"text\": \"What Did I Do? / God as My Witness \\\"What Did I Do?/God as My Witness\\\" is a song by the American rock band Foo Fighters and is the fourth single from their eighth studio album \\\"Sonic Highways\\\". The song was released on November 6, 2014. The song was recorded at KLRU-TV Studio 6A in Austin, Texas and features a guest appearance from Gary Clark, Jr. The music video aired during the fourth episode of \\\"\\\". It mainly shows Foo Fighters and Gary Clark Jr. performing inside of KLRU-TV Studio 6A, the famous location where \\\"Austin City Limits\\\" was filmed.\",\n \"title\": \"What Did I Do? / God as My Witness\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18388157\",\n \"text\": \"What Did I Do? / God as My Witness \\\"What Did I Do?/God as My Witness\\\" is a song by the American rock band Foo Fighters and is the fourth single from their eighth studio album \\\"Sonic Highways\\\". The song was released on November 6, 2014. The song was recorded at KLRU-TV Studio 6A in Austin, Texas and features a guest appearance from Gary Clark, Jr. The music video aired during the fourth episode of \\\"\\\". It mainly shows Foo Fighters and Gary Clark Jr. performing inside of KLRU-TV Studio 6A, the famous location where \\\"Austin City Limits\\\" was filmed.\",\n \"title\": \"What Did I Do? / God as My Witness\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12751351\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther, Heretic (1983 film) Martin Luther, Heretic is a 1983 film made to commemorate the 500th anniversary of the birth of Martin Luther. It was released on November 8, 1983 in the United Kingdom, two days before the 500th jubilee on November 10. It starred Jonathan Pryce as Martin Luther. Maurice Denham reprised his role of Johann von Staupitz that he played in the 1973 American Film Theater film \\\"Luther\\\". The time frame of the film is 1506-1522: the beginning of Luther's monastic vocation to his return from exile at the Wartburg in 1522. A medieval dramatic troupe's performances\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther, Heretic (1983 film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9927242\",\n \"text\": \"remarkable as creditable.\\\" The film failed to be approved by Quebec's film censorship board, which was made up entirely of French-speaking Catholics, since Luther's radical teachings remained as heretical in 1953 as they were in the 16th Century, and thus was never released in Quebec's movie theaters; it could only be seen there in the basements of Protestant churches. Martin Luther (1953 film) Martin Luther is a 1953 film biography of Martin Luther. It was directed by Irving Pichel, (who also plays a supporting role), and stars Niall MacGinnis as Luther. It was produced by Louis de Rochemont and RD-DR\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther (1953 film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13859490\",\n \"text\": \"This, My Lord!? 2\\\" contains \\\"4 times more stages, 3.3 times more monsters and 2.3 times more heroes\\\" than the first game. What Did I Do To Deserve This, My Lord? 2 What Did I Do To Deserve This My Lord!? 2 (formerly known as \\\"Holy Invasion Of Privacy, Badman! 2: Time To Tighten Up Security!\\\", known as \\\"Yūsha no Kuse ni Namaiki da or2\\\", 勇者のくせになまいきだor2, literally \\\"For a hero, [you are] quite impudent/cheeky/bold] 2)\\\" in Japan) is a real-time strategy/god game for the PlayStation Portable, sequel to What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord?. The game was\",\n \"title\": \"What Did I Do To Deserve This, My Lord? 2\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13859488\",\n \"text\": \"What Did I Do To Deserve This, My Lord? 2 What Did I Do To Deserve This My Lord!? 2 (formerly known as \\\"Holy Invasion Of Privacy, Badman! 2: Time To Tighten Up Security!\\\", known as \\\"Yūsha no Kuse ni Namaiki da or2\\\", 勇者のくせになまいきだor2, literally \\\"For a hero, [you are] quite impudent/cheeky/bold] 2)\\\" in Japan) is a real-time strategy/god game for the PlayStation Portable, sequel to What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord?. The game was released in Japan in 2008, and was announced for a North American release during Tokyo Game Show 2009. This release was delayed\",\n \"title\": \"What Did I Do To Deserve This, My Lord? 2\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8990458\",\n \"text\": \"by Christian traditions coming out directly from the Protestant Reformation, i.e. Lutheranism, the Reformed tradition, and Anglicanism. Branches of Protestantism that emerged afterwards vary in their remembrance and veneration of Luther, ranging from a complete lack of a single mention of him to a commemoration almost comparable to the way Lutherans commemorate and remember his persona. There is no known condemnation of Luther by Protestants themselves. Various sites both inside and outside Germany (supposedly) visited by Martin Luther throughout his lifetime commemorate it with local memorials. Saxony-Anhalt has two towns lawfully named after Luther, Lutherstadt Eisleben and Lutherstadt Wittenberg. Mansfeld\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8990396\",\n \"text\": \"former monastery, \\\"The Black Cloister,\\\" a wedding present from the new elector John the Steadfast (1525–32). They embarked on what appears to have been a happy and successful marriage, though money was often short. Katharina bore six children: Hans – June 1526; Elizabeth – 10 December 1527, who died within a few months; Magdalene – 1529, who died in Luther's arms in 1542; Martin – 1531; Paul – January 1533; and Margaret – 1534; and she helped the couple earn a living by farming and taking in boarders. Luther confided to Michael Stiefel on 11 August 1526: \\\"My Katie is\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18161799\",\n \"text\": \"disrepair and launched a campaign in 2014 to have its basic amenities repaired. In 2015 the school had sufficient money collected to start its first renovation since 1970. Martin Luther High School, Okombahe Martin Luther High School (MLH) is a boarding school in the village of Okombahe in the Erongo Region of central Namibia, named after German church reformer Martin Luther. The school 250 pupils in grades 8 to 12, and twelve teachers. There are different accounts on when and where the school was established. According to Klaus Dierks, Martin Luther High was opened in 1968 at the initiative of\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther High School, Okombahe\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15417669\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue (also known as MLK Ave) is a major street in the District of Columbia traversing through both the Southwest and Southeast quadrants. Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue SW begins at the southwestern tip of the District of Columbia near the Blue Plains Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant. Headed north, the avenue overlaps with South Capitol Street from 2nd St SW to Halley Place SE, where it turns northeast, becoming Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue SE. As it crosses through the Congress Heights neighborhood, MLK Ave changes from a primarily residential neighborhood\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1477777\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther King Jr. Day Martin Luther King Jr. Day (officially Birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr. and sometimes referred to as MLK Day) is an American federal holiday marking the birthday of Martin Luther King Jr. It is observed on the third Monday of January each year, which is around King's birthday, January 15. The holiday is similar to holidays set under the Uniform Monday Holiday Act. The earliest Monday for this holiday is January 15 and the latest is January 21. King was the chief spokesperson for nonviolent activism in the Civil Rights Movement, which successfully protested racial\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther King Jr. Day\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9927233\",\n \"text\": \"with Archbishop Albert to promulgate in Germany a special jubilee indulgence. Johann Tetzel is the main preacher of this indulgence, and his pitch is presented in public with the beating of drums. That same evening Martin Luther comes across one of his parishioners in a drunken stupor with the conviction that he does not need to go to confession anymore because he has bought one of Tetzel's indulgences. Luther then preaches against what he believes to be the abuse of indulgences with the appeal, \\\"Beloved, you cannot buy God's mercy.\\\" He then also posts his \\\"The Ninety-Five Theses\\\" on the\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther (1953 film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2890372\",\n \"text\": \"Five Numbers: Addressed to Richard Raynall Keene, Esq. Concerning a Family Marriage\\\" (1802)—a closely documented, fiercely argued (and partly autobiographical) denunciation of a former protégé who, against Martin's express wishes, had wooed and married Martin's daughter Eleonora. Luther Martin Luther Martin (February 20, 1748, Piscataway, New Jersey – July 8, 1826, New York, New York) was a politician and one of the United States' Founding Fathers, who left the Constitutional Convention early because he felt the Constitution violated states' rights. He was a leading Anti-Federalist, along with Patrick Henry and George Mason, whose actions helped passage of the Bill of\",\n \"title\": \"Luther Martin\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16534179\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther King Bridge (Toledo, Ohio) The Martin Luther King Memorial Bridge (formerly Cherry Street Bridge) is a double-leaf bascule bridge adjacent to downtown Toledo, Ohio, where Cherry Street crosses the Maumee River to become Main Street on the east side of the city. The structure opened to traffic in 1914. In 2001 the bridge started what was to have been a $31 million USD refurbishment. This refurbishment widened the bridge's four lanes and added pedestrian walkways. The bridge's original control towers were replaced with new towers, modeled after the originals. When originally built, the streetcars operated by the Toledo\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther King Bridge (Toledo, Ohio)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8833272\",\n \"text\": \"with six out-patient surgeries and a dental clinic, with an estimated total cost of more than $350 million. King Drew Magnet High School of Medicine and Science, is located adjacent to the hospital in Willowbrook. It is a Los Angeles Unified School District magnet school affiliated with the MLK Jr. hospital Martin Luther King Jr. Outpatient Center The Martin Luther King Jr. Outpatient Center (MLK OC), formerly known as Martin Luther King Jr. Multi-Service Ambulatory Care Center (MLK–MACC), Martin Luther King Jr./Drew Medical Center (King/Drew) and later Martin Luther King Jr.–Harbor Hospital (MLK–Harbor or King–Harbor),was a public urgent care center\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther King Jr. Outpatient Center\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8833239\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther King Jr. Outpatient Center The Martin Luther King Jr. Outpatient Center (MLK OC), formerly known as Martin Luther King Jr. Multi-Service Ambulatory Care Center (MLK–MACC), Martin Luther King Jr./Drew Medical Center (King/Drew) and later Martin Luther King Jr.–Harbor Hospital (MLK–Harbor or King–Harbor),was a public urgent care center and outpatient clinic and former hospital in Willowbrook, an unincorporated section of Los Angeles County, California, north of the city of Compton and south of the Watts neighborhood of Los Angeles. Founded as a major public hospital, it was shut down in August 2007 because of its poor record of patient\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther King Jr. Outpatient Center\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4435327\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther King Sr. Martin Luther King Sr. (born Michael King; December 19, 1899November 11, 1984) was an American Baptist pastor, missionary, and an early figure in the Civil Rights Movement. He was the father of civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. King was born Michael King in Stockbridge, Georgia, the son of Delia (née Linsey; 1875–1924) and James Albert King (1864–1933). He led the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta, Georgia, and became a leader of the Civil Rights Movement, as the head of the NAACP chapter in Atlanta and of the Civic and Political League. He encouraged his\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther King Sr.\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17483261\",\n \"text\": \"of Daugavpils on 13 October 2007. Martin Luther Cathedral, Daugavpils The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Martin Luther () or Martin Luther Cathedral is an Evangelical Lutheran cathedral in Daugavpils, Latvia. The cathedral was designed by Wilhelm Neumann, one of the most influential architects in the current landscape of Daugavpils. It is built is the brick gothic style, and was completed in 1893. The cathedral is the seat of the Lutheran Bishop of Daugavpils in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia. The current bishop is Einārs Alpe, born 11 November 1963, who was ordained in the Lutheran Church in 1991, and\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther Cathedral, Daugavpils\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17483260\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther Cathedral, Daugavpils The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Martin Luther () or Martin Luther Cathedral is an Evangelical Lutheran cathedral in Daugavpils, Latvia. The cathedral was designed by Wilhelm Neumann, one of the most influential architects in the current landscape of Daugavpils. It is built is the brick gothic style, and was completed in 1893. The cathedral is the seat of the Lutheran Bishop of Daugavpils in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia. The current bishop is Einārs Alpe, born 11 November 1963, who was ordained in the Lutheran Church in 1991, and was consecrated and enthroned as Bishop\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther Cathedral, Daugavpils\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14302649\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther Christian University Martin Luther Christian University was established in July 2005. The university is named after Martin Luther (1483–1546), the father of reformation. MLCU is the first Christian University in India, that doesn't focus on theological training after more than two centuries of Christian education in the country. In a short span of years, the University has carved a niche for itself in the country for its commitment to providing quality learning and offering a conducive environment for quality academic pursuits. The creation and functioning of the university is in accordance with the University Grants Commission Act, 1956\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther Christian University\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12322701\",\n \"text\": \"included replacement of the rotting quoins with redwood duplicates, a new roof, rain gutters, and exterior painting in historical colors, including white trim. It's situated in a park-like setting. On 19 January 1972, the Martin Luther Marsh House was designated a California Point of Historical Interest No. P241. Less than a year later, on 11 April 1973, this Nevada County building was designated as a landmark by the National Register of Historic Places. Martin Luther Marsh House The Martin Luther Marsh House was built in 1873, and is located at 254 Boulder Street in Nevada City, in the Gold Country\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther Marsh House\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8650870\",\n \"text\": \"dynamic, re-creative nature of God's Word.\\\" In the anthology \\\"Union with Christ: The New Finnish Interpretation of Luther\\\" the topic of Osiandrianism is addressed because the Finnish School is perceived as a repristination of Andreas Osiander's doctrine of salvation through Christ's indwelling the believer with his divine nature. Theology of Martin Luther The theology of Martin Luther was instrumental in influencing the Protestant Reformation, specifically topics dealing with Justification by Faith, the relationship between the Law and the Gospel (also an instrumental component of Reformed theology), and various other theological ideas. Although Luther never wrote a \\\"systematic theology\\\" or a\",\n \"title\": \"Theology of Martin Luther\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8650854\",\n \"text\": \"Theology of Martin Luther The theology of Martin Luther was instrumental in influencing the Protestant Reformation, specifically topics dealing with Justification by Faith, the relationship between the Law and the Gospel (also an instrumental component of Reformed theology), and various other theological ideas. Although Luther never wrote a \\\"systematic theology\\\" or a \\\"summa\\\" in the style of St. Thomas Aquinas, many of his ideas were systematized in the Lutheran Confessions. \\\"This one and firm rock, which we call the doctrine of justification,\\\" insisted Luther, \\\"is the chief article of the whole Christian doctrine, which comprehends the understanding of all godliness.\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Theology of Martin Luther\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12322700\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther Marsh House The Martin Luther Marsh House was built in 1873, and is located at 254 Boulder Street in Nevada City, in the Gold Country of Nevada County, California. The Martin Luther Marsh House's architecture and engineering were significant during the California Gold Rush period of 1850-1874. The single family home is of Italianate Style-Victorian design. It bears a hip roofed cupola and the windows are arched. Briefly in the 1970s, the Marsh House was the American Victorian Museum, founded by Carol and David Fluke, (owners/funding,) Ruthe Hamm, (owner/funding,) and co-founders David Osborne and Charles Woods. Recent restoration\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther Marsh House\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10954628\",\n \"text\": \"career. For his acting work he is credited under his full name. Martin Luther developed his mix of musical genres as a child where he was raised on choir hymns through his religious parents. At the same time, he learned how to play piano and was exposed to the sounds of Parliament Funkadelic.These eclectic tastes redirected Martin Luther's interests as he experimented with the sounds of funk. He taught himself how to play the drums and the piano, incorporating the wider range of instruments into his music. Martin Luther blends gospel with rock and R&B in his music with the\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther McCoy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13232614\",\n \"text\": \"the name was changed again to \\\"What Did I Do To Deserve This, My Lord!?\\\", to avoid infringing upon the Batman IP. A third game, \\\"No Heroes Allowed!\\\" was released in late 2010. With the exception of Japan, \\\"Holy Invasion Of Privacy, Badman! What Did I Do To Deserve This?\\\" received average reviews. \\\"\\\"Holy Invasion of Privacy, Badman!\\\" is an extremely quirky, challenging title that has a few frustrating elements that keep it from being a stellar downloadable,\\\" IGN said about the game. Game Revolution gave the game a C-, stating, \\\"A weird and unique freak of nature amongst the\",\n \"title\": \"What Did I Do to Deserve This, My Lord?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12427222\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther Thompson Martin Luther Thompson was a Texas Choctaw leader and rancher who along with his relatives, William Clyde Thompson (1839–1912), Robert E. Lee Thompson (1872–1959) and John Thurston Thompson (1864–1907), led several families of Choctaws from the Mount Tabor Indian Community in Rusk County, Texas to Pickens County, Chickasaw Nation, I.T. (now Marlow, Oklahoma) Martin, a mixed blood Choctaw and Chickasaw Indian, was the son of Thomas Umphres Thompson (1829–1864) and Martha Strong Thompson (1836–1920) (who were first cousins) was born in Rusk County, Texas on September 20, 1857. He married Inez Monterey Fannin at Camp Colorado, Coleman\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther Thompson\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8990383\",\n \"text\": \"the context of rapid developments at Wittenberg, of which he was kept fully informed. Andreas Karlstadt, supported by the ex-Augustinian Gabriel Zwilling, embarked on a radical programme of reform there in June 1521, exceeding anything envisaged by Luther. The reforms provoked disturbances, including a revolt by the Augustinian friars against their prior, the smashing of statues and images in churches, and denunciations of the magistracy. After secretly visiting Wittenberg in early December 1521, Luther wrote \\\"A Sincere Admonition by Martin Luther to All Christians to Guard Against Insurrection and Rebellion\\\". Wittenberg became even more volatile after Christmas when a band\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8990381\",\n \"text\": \"In the summer of 1521, Luther widened his target from individual pieties like indulgences and pilgrimages to doctrines at the heart of Church practice. In \\\"On the Abrogation of the Private Mass\\\", he condemned as idolatry the idea that the mass is a sacrifice, asserting instead that it is a gift, to be received with thanksgiving by the whole congregation. His essay \\\"On Confession, Whether the Pope has the Power to Require It\\\" rejected compulsory confession and encouraged private confession and absolution, since \\\"every Christian is a confessor.\\\" In November, Luther wrote \\\"The Judgement of Martin Luther on Monastic Vows\\\".\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8990358\",\n \"text\": \"the sale of a special plenary indulgence (i.e., remission of the temporal punishment of sin), half of the proceeds of which Albrecht was to claim to pay the fees of his benefices. On 31 October 1517, Luther wrote to his bishop, Albrecht von Brandenburg, protesting the sale of indulgences. He enclosed in his letter a copy of his \\\"Disputation of Martin Luther on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences\\\", which came to be known as the \\\"Ninety-five Theses\\\". Hans Hillerbrand writes that Luther had no intention of confronting the church, but saw his disputation as a scholarly objection to church\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8990348\",\n \"text\": \"to Katharina von Bora, a former nun, set a model for the practice of clerical marriage, allowing Protestant clergy to marry. In two of his later works, Luther expressed antagonistic views towards Jews. His rhetoric was not directed at Jews alone, but also towards Roman Catholics, Anabaptists, and nontrinitarian Christians. Martin Luther died in 1546, with his decree of excommunication by Pope Leo X still effective. On his deathbed, Luther was asked: \\\"Are you ready to die trusting in your Lord Jesus Christ and to confess the doctrine which you have taught in his name?\\\" He answered \\\"Yes\\\", before taking\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4478859\",\n \"text\": \"in 2018. Martin Luther King Jr. National Historical Park The Martin Luther King Jr. National Historical Park consists of several buildings in Atlanta, Georgia, including Martin Luther King Jr.'s boyhood home and the original Ebenezer Baptist Church, the church where King was baptized and both his father Martin Luther King Sr. and he were pastors. These places, critical to the interpretation of the life of Martin Luther King Jr. and his legacy as a leader of the American Civil Rights Movement, were included in the park when it was established on October 10, 1980. Formerly a National Historic Site, the\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther King Jr. National Historical Park\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4478846\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther King Jr. National Historical Park The Martin Luther King Jr. National Historical Park consists of several buildings in Atlanta, Georgia, including Martin Luther King Jr.'s boyhood home and the original Ebenezer Baptist Church, the church where King was baptized and both his father Martin Luther King Sr. and he were pastors. These places, critical to the interpretation of the life of Martin Luther King Jr. and his legacy as a leader of the American Civil Rights Movement, were included in the park when it was established on October 10, 1980. Formerly a National Historic Site, the unit was\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther King Jr. National Historical Park\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18761614\",\n \"text\": \"Collaborative's Executive Director, Detria Russell is located throughout the Martin Luther King Sr. Community Resources Collaborative's three floors. Because the Collaborative is located in the \\\"National Historic King District,\\\" The National Park Service administers the Collaborative's parking lot and surrounding land, which includes the old Historic Ebenezer Baptist Church building, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s birth home and gravesite, as well as, a community playground. Martin Luther King Sr. Community Resources Collaborative The Martin Luther King Sr. Community Resources Collaborative named after the late Reverend turned community activist Martin Luther King Sr., held its official dedication ceremony, November 4, 2012.\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther King Sr. Community Resources Collaborative\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10091036\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther King High School (Detroit) Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. High School is located at 3200 East Lafayette Boulevard in Detroit, Michigan; the building is operated by the Detroit Board of Education. King's district encompasses Downtown and Midtown Detroit; it also includes Lafayette Park, the Martin Luther King Apartments and Riverfront Condominiums. The Brewster-Douglass Housing Projects were zoned to MLK prior to their demolition. In addition it includes the three Wayne State University housing complexes that permit families with children (Chatsworth Tower, DeRoy, and University Tower). The facility that came to be known as Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther King High School (Detroit)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17533164\",\n \"text\": \"who opened the new organization in 2015 have been relieved of their duties since the new Caucasian CNO Susie Reinsvold and many have been replaced with non African American leaders . The hospital on the site of the former Martin Luther King Jr. Multi-Service Ambulatory Care Center, originally named the Martin Luther King Jr./Drew Medical Center, known as King/Drew. The adjacent Los Angeles County Department of Health Services Martin Luther King Jr. Outpatient Center opened in a new building in 2014. The closure of Martin Luther King Jr. Multi-Service Ambulatory Care Center (King/Drew) in 2007, due to revocation of federal\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther King Jr. Community Hospital\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4771792\",\n \"text\": \"demonstrates Dexter King's misuse of power and his history of making poor decisions involving the Center without seeking proper input from his siblings. In October 2008, Martin Luther King III had not seen his brother since June, and Dexter had yet to meet his niece, Yolanda. Martin, Bernice, and Dexter have each expressed love for each other and hope that they will reconcile once their legal matters have been resolved. In October 2009, Martin and his siblings settled the lawsuit out of court. On April 6, 2010, Martin Luther King III, brother Dexter King, and sister Bernice King issued a\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther King III\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6274778\",\n \"text\": \"Waterloo Lutheran Seminary renamed itself to Martin Luther University College, with an announcement at the Eastern Synod Assembly in Toronto on Saturday, June 23, 2018. The school (Luther, for short) continues to be federated with Laurier. Theological Education Martin Luther University College offers Master of Divinity program for people preparing for the ministry in a variety of churches and Master of Arts in Theology program in two fields: Public Faith and Spirituality and Spiritual Care and Psychotherapy. Spiritual Care and Psychotherapy is the largest program, and prepares people to work in clinical settings such as counselling agencies. Individuals studying for\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther University College\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11766078\",\n \"text\": \"be standing there arraigned on such charges, so should Martin Luther. Reading such passages, it is hard not to agree with him. Luther's proposals read like a program for the Nazis.\\\" It was Luther's expression \\\"The Jews are our misfortune\\\" that centuries later would be repeated by Heinrich von Treitschke and appear as motto on the front page of Julius Streicher's \\\"Der Stürmer\\\". Some scholars have attributed the Nazi \\\"Final Solution\\\" directly to Martin Luther. Others dispute this point of view, pointedly taking issue with the thesis advanced by William Shirer and others. In the course of the \\\"Luthertag\\\" (Luther\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther and antisemitism\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6875803\",\n \"text\": \"new finish for the side of the artwork. Sculptor Lei Yixin carved grooves over the former words to match existing horizontal \\\"striation\\\" marks in the memorial and deepened all the memorial's grooves so that they match. Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial The Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial is located in West Potomac Park next to the National Mall in Washington, D.C., United States. It covers four acres and includes the Stone of Hope, a granite statue of Civil Rights Movement leader Martin Luther King carved by sculptor Lei Yixin. The inspiration for the memorial design is a line from King's\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6875764\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial The Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial is located in West Potomac Park next to the National Mall in Washington, D.C., United States. It covers four acres and includes the Stone of Hope, a granite statue of Civil Rights Movement leader Martin Luther King carved by sculptor Lei Yixin. The inspiration for the memorial design is a line from King's \\\"I Have A Dream\\\" speech: \\\"Out of the mountain of despair, a stone of hope.\\\" The memorial opened to the public on August 22, 2011, after more than two decades of planning, fund-raising, and construction. This\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20823495\",\n \"text\": \"a Dark Time\\\" (1984) edited by Nicholas Humphrey and Robert Lifton, \\\"The Heart of the Race: Black Women's Lives in Britain\\\" (1985) by Beverley Bryan, Stella Dadzie and Suzanne Scafe\\\", The European Tribe\\\" (1987) by Caryl Phillips, and \\\"Behind the Frontlines: Journey into Afro-Britain\\\" (1988) by Ferdinand Dennis. Martin Luther King Memorial Prize The Martin Luther King Memorial Prize was instituted by novelist John Brunner and his wife and was awarded annually to a literary work published in the US or Britain that was deemed to improve interrracial understanding, \\\"reflecting the ideals to which Dr. Martin Luther King dedicated his\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther King Memorial Prize\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20823494\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther King Memorial Prize The Martin Luther King Memorial Prize was instituted by novelist John Brunner and his wife and was awarded annually to a literary work published in the US or Britain that was deemed to improve interrracial understanding, \\\"reflecting the ideals to which Dr. Martin Luther King dedicated his life\\\". The author of the winning work was awarded £100. Winners of the prize have included \\\"Because They're Black\\\" (1972) by Derek Humphry and Gus John, \\\" Black and White: The Negro and English Society\\\" (1975) by James Walvin, \\\"A Dry White Season\\\" (1980) by André Brink, \\\"In\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther King Memorial Prize\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15417674\",\n \"text\": \"W3, 90, 92, and 93 serve MLK Ave, with many others crossing the street. \\\"For more information, see List of Metrobus routes\\\" Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue (also known as MLK Ave) is a major street in the District of Columbia traversing through both the Southwest and Southeast quadrants. Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue SW begins at the southwestern tip of the District of Columbia near the Blue Plains Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant. Headed north, the avenue overlaps with South Capitol Street from 2nd St SW to Halley Place SE, where it turns northeast, becoming\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther King Jr. Avenue\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13696183\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther King Drive station The Martin Luther King Drive station of the Hudson–Bergen Light Rail (West Side Branch) is located adjacent to the Hub in the Jackson Hill neighborhood of Jersey City, New Jersey. The station opened on April 22, 2000, with a memorial to slain civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr. at its entrance. and other related public art throughout the station. The original cut of the Newark and New York Railroad Branch of Central Railroad of New Jersey excavated through Bergen Hill in 1869 with service running until 1946. The unrenovated former CNJ train station was\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther King Drive station\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12751352\",\n \"text\": \"of mystery plays provide the unifying motif for a parallel telling of the story of the film. When Luther's carriage en route from the Wartburg to Wittenberg it is shown passing an actor wearing a devil's mask. When this scene is revisited at the end of the film, the actor slips this mask off his face. Martin Luther, Heretic (1983 film) Martin Luther, Heretic is a 1983 film made to commemorate the 500th anniversary of the birth of Martin Luther. It was released on November 8, 1983 in the United Kingdom, two days before the 500th jubilee on November 10.\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther, Heretic (1983 film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4827008\",\n \"text\": \"union, cafeteria, fitness center, locker rooms, and gymnasium. All facilities are available to students from morning until midnight throughout the school year. MLC students are allowed free access to the nearby New Ulm Recreation Center. Morning and evening worship services are conducted daily during the school week in the Chapel of the Christ. Approximately 30% of Martin Luther College students participate in a varsity sport, and about 60% participate in intramural athletics. Martin Luther College fields 16 intercollegiate varsity teams; 8 for men, 8 for women. The college supports an additional 15 intramural leagues. The varsity teams compete in the\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther College\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4826996\",\n \"text\": \"group of students moved the \\\"Sprinter\\\" statue of NWC's campus in Watertown, Wisconsin, to New Ulm after college administration decided to leave the statue in Watertown. In the same year, the Northwestern College Board of Control donated a statue of Martin Luther to the New Ulm campus. Rev. Theodore Olsen became president of the college in 1995. In 1999, the Wisconsin Synod approved a program change that required students in the education program to meet the standards for Minnesota state licensure. Martin Luther College began offering a graduate degree program in 2005. MLC's current president, Rev. Mark Zarling, assumed his\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther College\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4826992\",\n \"text\": \"Center in 1968. During these years the college added new positions and developed new courses, including a secondary education program. Also, DMLC's preparatory department separated from the college during this time, becoming Dr. Martin Luther High School in 1962. The high school changed its name to Martin Luther Academy (MLA) in 1967. During the 1950s, the Wisconsin Synod anticipated a significant need for teachers in the coming years and considered several plans for the future. Ultimately, the synod established a junior college in Milwaukee named Milwaukee Lutheran Teachers College. The junior college began operations in 1960, sharing a campus with\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther College\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4826973\",\n \"text\": \"college is a member of the Upper Midwest Athletic Conference. Martin Luther College was established in 1995 when Northwestern College (NWC), located in Watertown, Wisconsin, combined with Dr. Martin Luther College (DMLC) located in New Ulm, Minnesota, at the New Ulm campus. Northwestern College was established in 1865 to train pastors for the Wisconsin Synod. After the founding of the Wisconsin Synod in 1850, the church body had received its pastors from mission societies in Germany. However, as the Wisconsin Synod developed a more confessional stance, the desire to train its own pastors became apparent. The doctrine and theological character\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther College\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11479274\",\n \"text\": \"(the Selma, Rome and Dalton Railroad). He is buried in Oconee Hill Cemetery in Athens, Georgia. A bust of General Smith stands at the Vicksburg National Military Park. It was sculpted in 1911 by Henry Hudson Kitson. Attribution Martin Luther Smith Martin Luther Smith (September 9, 1819 – July 29, 1866) was an American soldier and civil engineer, serving as a major general in the Confederate States Army. Smith was one of the few Northern-born generals to fight for the Confederacy, as he had served most of his early military career in the South with the United States Army's topographical\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther Smith\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11479269\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther Smith Martin Luther Smith (September 9, 1819 – July 29, 1866) was an American soldier and civil engineer, serving as a major general in the Confederate States Army. Smith was one of the few Northern-born generals to fight for the Confederacy, as he had served most of his early military career in the South with the United States Army's topographical engineers, marrying a native of Athens, Georgia. He planned and constructed the defenses of Vicksburg. Smith was born in Danby, New York, where his father had settled after moving from Maine. In 1842, he graduated 16th in his\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther Smith\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11249810\",\n \"text\": \"Martin Luther Agwai General Martin Luther Agwai CFR GSS psc(+) fwc is a retired Nigerian army officer who served as Chief of Defence Staff and Chief of Army Staff. Agwai was born on November 8, 1948 in Kaduna, a city in Northern Nigeria. He hails from a Christian home and was the President of Fellowship of Christian Students at Government Secondary School, Zaria in 1967. He graduated from the Nigerian Command and Staff College, British Army Staff College, Camberley and United States Army Armor School amongst others. He holds a Post Graduate diploma in Public Administration with distinctions from the\",\n \"title\": \"Martin Luther Agwai\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10470593\",\n \"text\": \"Luther Martin Kennett Luther Martin Kennett (March 15, 1807 – April 12, 1873) was a U.S. Representative from Missouri. Born in Falmouth, Kentucky, Kennett attended private schools. Deputy county clerk of Pendleton County in 1822 and 1823 and of Campbell County, Kentucky, in 1824. He moved to St. Louis, Missouri, in 1825. He was employed in a mercantile establishment. Later engaged in lead mining and the manufacture of shot the Jefferson and St. Francois counties. He returned to St. Louis in 1842. City alderman 1843-1846. He declined to be a candidate for reelection. Spent several years in Europe on account\",\n \"title\": \"Luther Martin Kennett\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["physician","theologian","professor","writer","monk","priest"],"string":"[\n \"physician\",\n \"theologian\",\n \"professor\",\n \"writer\",\n \"monk\",\n \"priest\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":395,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"what team did grover cleveland alexander play for?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"2254610","text":"by the team in 2001 to honor his career with them. Alexander is mentioned in the \"Leave It to Beaver\" third-season episode \"Ward's Baseball\" in which Ward has a baseball with several autographs and Alexander's is one of them. Alexander is the first player mentioned in the poem \"Line-Up for Yesterday\" by Ogden Nash: , or Retrosheet, or SABR Biography Project, or The Deadball Era Grover Cleveland Alexander Grover Cleveland Alexander (February 26, 1887 – November 4, 1950), nicknamed \"Old Pete\", was an American Major League Baseball pitcher. He played from 1911 through 1930 for the Philadelphia Phillies, Chicago Cubs,","title":"Grover Cleveland Alexander"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2254610\",\n \"text\": \"by the team in 2001 to honor his career with them. Alexander is mentioned in the \\\"Leave It to Beaver\\\" third-season episode \\\"Ward's Baseball\\\" in which Ward has a baseball with several autographs and Alexander's is one of them. Alexander is the first player mentioned in the poem \\\"Line-Up for Yesterday\\\" by Ogden Nash: , or Retrosheet, or SABR Biography Project, or The Deadball Era Grover Cleveland Alexander Grover Cleveland Alexander (February 26, 1887 – November 4, 1950), nicknamed \\\"Old Pete\\\", was an American Major League Baseball pitcher. He played from 1911 through 1930 for the Philadelphia Phillies, Chicago Cubs,\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Alexander\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"2254606","text":"year of the Hall. Alexander was the only player elected that year. During the late 1930s and early 1940s, Alexander continued to play baseball, touring as a player-coach for the Grover Cleveland Alexander's House of David Team. The team's tour was managed by J. L. Wilkinson and often played against the Kansas City Monarchs. Alexander played with and against many of the Negro League stars of the day, including Satchel Paige, John Donaldson, Newt Joseph, Chet Brewer, and Andy Cooper. Newspapers often mentioned Alexander's full name when writing about him, in addition to just \"Grover\". He was also sometimes called","title":"Grover Cleveland Alexander"},{"psg_id":"2254608","text":"the nickname was in public circulation. On his 1940 Playball baseball card he was referred to as \"Ol' Pete.\" In \"The World Series and Highlights of Baseball\", by Lamont Buchanan, published in 1951, the year after Alexander died, on pp. 106–107 the author refers to \"Pete Alexander\" and \"Ol' Pete\" in a matter-of-fact way, suggesting the nickname was well known. His nickname among family friends in Nebraska was \"Dode.\" \"Grover Cleveland Alexander wasn't drunk out there on the mound, the way people thought. He was an epileptic. Old Pete would fall down with a seizure between innings, then go back","title":"Grover Cleveland Alexander"},{"psg_id":"2254598","text":"1916 [a single-season record 16], 1917, 1919, 1921). He won pitching's Triple Crown in 1915, 1916, and 1920, and is sometimes credited with a fourth in 1917. In 1915, he was instrumental in leading the Phillies to their first pennant, and he pitched a record five one-hitters. Along the way Alexander began to have problems with alcohol, a struggle that would plague him the rest of his life. After the 1917 season, the Phillies traded Grover Cleveland Alexander and catcher Bill Killefer to the Cubs for catcher Pickles Dillhoefer, pitcher Mike Prendergast, and $60,000. Phillies owner William Baker admitted later,","title":"Grover Cleveland Alexander"},{"psg_id":"13969210","text":"but he did not use the name \"Stephen\" in his adult life. The family moved to New York in 1841. A group of private citizens purchased the house in the early twentieth century to open it as a museum. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. Grover Cleveland Birthplace The Grover Cleveland Birthplace is a registered historic site located in Caldwell, Essex County, New Jersey, United States. It is the only house museum dedicated to U.S. President Grover Cleveland. It was the home where Grover Cleveland was born in 1837. The building is also","title":"Grover Cleveland Birthplace"},{"psg_id":"13969209","text":"Grover Cleveland Birthplace The Grover Cleveland Birthplace is a registered historic site located in Caldwell, Essex County, New Jersey, United States. It is the only house museum dedicated to U.S. President Grover Cleveland. It was the home where Grover Cleveland was born in 1837. The building is also known as the Caldwell Presbyterian Church Manse and served as a Presbyterian church parsonage for the Cleveland family while Grover's father, Rev. Richard Falley Cleveland, served as a pastor of the local church. Cleveland was originally named Stephen Grover in honor of the first pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of Caldwell,","title":"Grover Cleveland Birthplace"},{"psg_id":"158917","text":"the time. He became known as Grover in his adult life. In 1841, the Cleveland family moved to Fayetteville, New York, where Grover spent much of his childhood. Neighbors later described him as \"full of fun and inclined to play pranks,\" and fond of outdoor sports. In 1850, Cleveland's father moved to Clinton, Oneida County, New York, to work as district secretary for the American Home Missionary Society. Despite his father's dedication to his missionary work, the income was insufficient for the large family. Financial conditions forced him to remove Grover from school into a two-year mercantile apprenticeship in Fayetteville.","title":"Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"17251655","text":"Grover Cleveland 1892 presidential campaign After losing re-election to Republican Benjamin Harrison in 1888 and leaving office in 1889, U.S. President Grover Cleveland was initially satisfied with his return to private life. However, Cleveland's views about his retirement began to change at the time of the 1890 midterm elections, in which the Democrats won huge victories at the ballot box. In addition, Cleveland disliked what he perceived to be the frequent blunders of the Harrison administration. By the time 1891 ended, Grover Cleveland decided to re-enter American political life and run again for U.S. President in the 1892 U.S. Presidential","title":"Grover Cleveland 1892 presidential campaign"},{"psg_id":"159002","text":"in Buffalo, New York. Cleveland Hall houses the offices of the college president, vice presidents, and other administrative functions and student services. Cleveland was a member of the first board of directors of the then Buffalo Normal School. Grover Cleveland Middle School in his birthplace, Caldwell, New Jersey, was named for him, as is Grover Cleveland High School in Buffalo, New York, and the town of Cleveland, Mississippi. Mount Cleveland, a volcano in Alaska, is also named after him. In 1895 he became the first U.S. President who was filmed. The first U.S. postage stamp to honor Cleveland appeared in","title":"Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"159004","text":"Coin Act of 2005. In 2013, Cleveland was inducted into the New Jersey Hall of Fame. Scholarly studies Primary sources Official Letters and Speeches Media coverage Other Grover Cleveland Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837 – June 24, 1908) was an American politician and lawyer who was the 22nd and 24th President of the United States, the only president in American history to serve two non-consecutive terms in office (1885–1889 and 1893–1897). He won the popular vote for three presidential elections—in 1884, 1888, and 1892—and was one of two Democrats (with Woodrow Wilson) to be elected president during the era","title":"Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"158911","text":"Grover Cleveland Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837 – June 24, 1908) was an American politician and lawyer who was the 22nd and 24th President of the United States, the only president in American history to serve two non-consecutive terms in office (1885–1889 and 1893–1897). He won the popular vote for three presidential elections—in 1884, 1888, and 1892—and was one of two Democrats (with Woodrow Wilson) to be elected president during the era of Republican political domination dating from 1861 to 1933. Cleveland was the leader of the pro-business Bourbon Democrats who opposed high tariffs, Free Silver, inflation, imperialism, and","title":"Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"19767974","text":"Presidencies of Grover Cleveland The presidencies of Grover Cleveland lasted from March 4, 1885 to March 4, 1889, and from March 4, 1893 to March 4, 1897. The first Democrat elected after the Civil War, Grover Cleveland is the only President of the United States to leave office after one term and later return for a second term. His presidencies were the nation's 22nd and 24th. Cleveland defeated James G. Blaine of Maine in 1884, lost to Benjamin Harrison of Indiana in 1888, and then defeated President Harrison in 1892. Cleveland won the 1884 election with the support of a","title":"Presidencies of Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"19768057","text":"eight greatest president in U.S. history, but his standing in polls of historians and political scientists has declined since 1948. A 2018 poll of the American Political Science Association's Presidents and Executive Politics section ranked Cleveland as the 24th best president. A 2017 C-Span poll of historians ranked Cleveland as the 23rd best president. Official Letters and Speeches Media coverage Other Presidencies of Grover Cleveland The presidencies of Grover Cleveland lasted from March 4, 1885 to March 4, 1889, and from March 4, 1893 to March 4, 1897. The first Democrat elected after the Civil War, Grover Cleveland is the","title":"Presidencies of Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"20347980","text":"Grover Cleveland 1884 presidential campaign The 1884 election was the first Presidential campaign in which Grover Cleveland participated and the first of two nonconsecutive terms that he won. This election pitted Grover Cleveland against James G. Blaine and the campaign for this election centered on corruption, civil service reforms, and scandals. In this election, Cleveland portrayed himself as the clean and honest candidate in contrast to the corrupt James G. Blaine. In the years leading up to 1884, the Republican Party was divided into two factions—the Stalwarts and the Reformers. In 1884, Reformer James G. Blaine was able to defeat","title":"Grover Cleveland 1884 presidential campaign"},{"psg_id":"17251661","text":"reluctantly support Cleveland in 1892, which might have helped Cleveland narrowly win his home state of New York. Grover Cleveland won the general election by the largest popular vote margin (three percent) in twenty years. In addition, Cleveland won almost two thirds of the Electoral College vote, winning all of the states that he won in 1884 in addition to Illinois, Wisconsin, and California. Due to winning in 1892, Grover Cleveland became the first (and only, even to this day) ex-U.S. President to be elected U.S. President again. Grover Cleveland 1892 presidential campaign After losing re-election to Republican Benjamin Harrison","title":"Grover Cleveland 1892 presidential campaign"},{"psg_id":"16101835","text":"Grover Cleveland High School (Buffalo, New York) Grover Cleveland High School was a high school located in Buffalo, New York. It is named for former U.S. President and Buffalo mayor Grover Cleveland and generally housed students from Grades 9 - 12, teaching according to the Board of Regents. Currently, the school building houses The International Preparatory School. Grover Cleveland High School was originally constructed in 1913 as the home to Buffalo State College, then known as Buffalo Teacher's School. In 1931, Grover Cleveland High School was formed as a school serving the Lower West Side of Buffalo. The building was","title":"Grover Cleveland High School (Buffalo, New York)"},{"psg_id":"12951683","text":"First inauguration of Grover Cleveland The first inauguration of Grover Cleveland as the 22nd President of the United States was held on Wednesday, March 4, 1885, at the eastern portico of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.. The inauguration marked the commencement of the first four-year term of Grover Cleveland as President and the only term of Thomas A. Hendricks as Vice President. Hendricks died days into this term, and the office remained vacant for the balance of it. (Prior to ratification of the Twenty-fifth Amendment in 1967, no constitutional provision existed for filling an intra-term vacancy in the","title":"First inauguration of Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"8871001","text":"Grover Cleveland Bergdoll Grover Cleveland Bergdoll (October 18, 1893 – January 27, 1966) was an early aviator, racing driver and World War I draft dodger, who went to Germany to avoid service. He was born in Philadelphia to a wealthy brewing family. He was one of 119 people to train at the Wright Flying School, and in 1912 he purchased a Wright Model B biplane for $5,000. Bergdoll made several public flights from an airfield on family-owned land outside Philadelphia, and was the first person to fly an airplane between Philadelphia and Atlantic City, New Jersey. After 748 flights the","title":"Grover Cleveland Bergdoll"},{"psg_id":"8870994","text":"Grover Cleveland Bergdoll Grover Cleveland Bergdoll (October 18, 1893 – January 27, 1966) was an early aviator, racing driver and World War I draft dodger, who went to Germany to avoid service. He was born in Philadelphia to a wealthy brewing family. He was one of 119 people to train at the Wright Flying School, and in 1912 he purchased a Wright Model B biplane for $5,000. Bergdoll made several public flights from an airfield on family-owned land outside Philadelphia, and was the first person to fly an airplane between Philadelphia and Atlantic City, New Jersey. After 748 flights the","title":"Grover Cleveland Bergdoll"},{"psg_id":"158916","text":"English ancestors, the first of the family having emigrated to Massachusetts from Cleveland, England in 1635. His father's maternal grandfather, Richard Falley Jr., fought at the Battle of Bunker Hill, and was the son of an immigrant from Guernsey. On his mother's side, Cleveland was descended from Anglo-Irish Protestants and German Quakers from Philadelphia. Cleveland was distantly related to General Moses Cleaveland, after whom the city of Cleveland, Ohio, was named. Cleveland, the fifth of nine children, was named Stephen Grover in honor of the first pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of Caldwell, where his father was pastor at","title":"Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"159001","text":"sought a summer house to escape the heat and smells of Washington, D.C., near enough the capital. He secretly bought a farmhouse, Oak View (or Oak Hill), in a rural upland part of the District of Columbia, in 1886, and remodeled it into a Queen Anne style summer estate. He sold Oak View upon losing his bid for re-election in 1888. Not long thereafter, suburban residential development reached the area, which came to be known as Oak View, and then Cleveland Heights, and eventually Cleveland Park. The Clevelands are depicted in local murals. Grover Cleveland Hall at Buffalo State College","title":"Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"158915","text":"term, public perception showed him to be one of the most unpopular U.S. presidents, and he was by then rejected even by most Democrats. Today, Cleveland is considered by most historians to have been a successful leader, generally ranked among the upper-mid tier of American presidents. Stephen Grover Cleveland was born on March 18, 1837, in Caldwell, New Jersey, to Ann (née Neal) and Richard Falley Cleveland. Cleveland's father was a Congregational and Presbyterian minister who was originally from Connecticut. His mother was from Baltimore and was the daughter of a bookseller. On his father's side, Cleveland was descended from","title":"Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"158963","text":"warmed to her beauty and warm personality. The Clevelands had five children: Ruth (1891–1904), Esther (1893–1980), Marion (1895–1977), Richard (1897–1974), and Francis Grover (1903–1995). British philosopher Philippa Foot was their granddaughter. Cleveland also claimed paternity of an additional child named Oscar Folsom Cleveland with Maria Croft Halpin who claimed the child was a product of rape. During his first term, Cleveland successfully nominated two justices to the Supreme Court of the United States. The first, Lucius Q. C. Lamar, was a former Mississippi Senator who served in Cleveland's Cabinet as Interior Secretary. When William Burnham Woods died, Cleveland nominated Lamar","title":"Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"6360713","text":"fieldhouse, baseball field, summer concert activities, playground, fishing, jogging walkways, picnic grove, and ice skating. Grover Cleveland Park Grover Cleveland Park, the seventh-largest park in the Essex County, New Jersey, USA, county-park system, is a heavily wooded park covering in the western section of Essex County along the Caldwell-Essex Fells border. The park was conceived with a formal design with manicured lawns, well-spaced large trees, and of waterways, including Pine Brook Creek, which runs through the park feeding a small pond at the lower end. A small footbridge at the far end of the pond was the location of a","title":"Grover Cleveland Park"},{"psg_id":"6360711","text":"Grover Cleveland Park Grover Cleveland Park, the seventh-largest park in the Essex County, New Jersey, USA, county-park system, is a heavily wooded park covering in the western section of Essex County along the Caldwell-Essex Fells border. The park was conceived with a formal design with manicured lawns, well-spaced large trees, and of waterways, including Pine Brook Creek, which runs through the park feeding a small pond at the lower end. A small footbridge at the far end of the pond was the location of a one-time sawmill. Several foot bridges connect the two areas of the park divided by the","title":"Grover Cleveland Park"},{"psg_id":"158918","text":"The experience was valuable and brief, and the living conditions quite austere. Grover returned to Clinton and his schooling at the completion of the apprentice contract. In 1853, when missionary work began to take a toll on his health, Cleveland's father took an assignment in Holland Patent, New York (near Utica) and the family moved again. Shortly after, he died from a gastric ulcer, with Grover reputedly hearing of his father's death from a boy selling newspapers. Cleveland received his elementary education at the Fayetteville Academy and the Clinton Liberal Academy. After his father died in 1853, he again left","title":"Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"16101837","text":"seniors graduated in 2011. From 2011 until June 2013, the building was renovated and re-opened to students at International Preparatory School and the new STAR Academy in Fall 2013. \"Previous assignment and reasons for departure listed in parentheses\" \"Previous assignment and reasons for departure listed in parentheses\" <nowiki>*</nowiki>Denotes interim appointment Grover Cleveland High School (Buffalo, New York) Grover Cleveland High School was a high school located in Buffalo, New York. It is named for former U.S. President and Buffalo mayor Grover Cleveland and generally housed students from Grades 9 - 12, teaching according to the Board of Regents. Currently, the","title":"Grover Cleveland High School (Buffalo, New York)"},{"psg_id":"158914","text":"to Free Silver alienated the agrarian wing of the Democratic Party. Critics complained that Cleveland had little imagination and seemed overwhelmed by the nation's economic disasters—depressions and strikes—in his second term. Even so, his reputation for probity and good character survived the troubles of his second term. Biographer Allan Nevins wrote, \"[I]n Grover Cleveland, the greatness lies in typical rather than unusual qualities. He had no endowments that thousands of men do not have. He possessed honesty, courage, firmness, independence, and common sense. But he possessed them to a degree other men do not.\" By the end of his second","title":"Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"12107007","text":"of Amherst is a (from the back tees), par 72 Donald J. Ross, ASGCA designed golf course also opened in 1926. The course rating is 71.8 and it has a slope rating of 127 on Bent grass. Timothy P. Minahan, CCM manages the course as the General Manager. The clubhouse, which overlooks the eighteenth green, was designed by Duane Lyman and opened in 1927. Grover Cleveland Golf Course The Grover Cleveland Golf Course is a historic golf course located in Buffalo, New York that hosted the 1912 U.S. Open that was founded as The Country Club of Buffalo. It is","title":"Grover Cleveland Golf Course"},{"psg_id":"12107002","text":"Grover Cleveland Golf Course The Grover Cleveland Golf Course is a historic golf course located in Buffalo, New York that hosted the 1912 U.S. Open that was founded as The Country Club of Buffalo. It is one of two courses owned by Erie County. The golf course is located at 3781 Main Street. The 18-hole course is (from the back tees) and is a par 69. It has a course rating of 65.5 and a slope rating of 102. The course was founded as The Country Club of Buffalo on February 11, 1889 and was originally located at the intersection","title":"Grover Cleveland Golf Course"},{"psg_id":"12951684","text":"vice presidency.) Chief Justice Morrison R. Waite administered the presidential oath of office, and Cleveland held a Bible given to him at age 15 by his mother as he recited it. Cleveland's second inauguration took place eight years after the first, as his two terms in office were not consecutive. He is the only U.S. president to serve non-consecutive terms. First inauguration of Grover Cleveland The first inauguration of Grover Cleveland as the 22nd President of the United States was held on Wednesday, March 4, 1885, at the eastern portico of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.. The inauguration","title":"First inauguration of Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"20347988","text":"St. John took some votes in New York from Blaine. After the election, Blaine attributed his loss in New York to the bad weather as well as to Samuel Burchard's gaffe; without these factors, Blaine believed that he would have won New York by 10,000 votes (and thus won the U.S. Presidency). Overall, 1884 was the first time in 28 years—specifically since before the American Civil War—that the Democrats won an election for the U.S. Presidency. Grover Cleveland 1884 presidential campaign The 1884 election was the first Presidential campaign in which Grover Cleveland participated and the first of two nonconsecutive","title":"Grover Cleveland 1884 presidential campaign"},{"psg_id":"17348824","text":"by narrowly winning New York (Cleveland's home state) and Indiana (Harrison's home state) (both of which voted for Cleveland in 1884). Cleveland was hurt in New York (which he lost by 1.09%) by Tammany Hall's (and its \"Boss\" Richard Croker's) lukewarm support for him. Cleveland came very close to losing Connecticut, West Virginia, and the ex-Confederate state of Virginia to Harrison as well. Democratic Vice Presidential nominee Thurman's home state of Ohio also narrowly went for Harrison in 1888. Even though Benjamin Harrison won the 1888 U.S. Presidential election, outgoing U.S. President Grover Cleveland would eventually return to political life","title":"Grover Cleveland 1888 presidential campaign"},{"psg_id":"158941","text":"and \"there is not, and never was, a doubt as to the paternity of our child, and the attempt of Grover Cleveland, or his friends, to couple the name of Oscar Folsom, or any one else, with that boy, for that purpose is simply infamous and false.\" The electoral votes of closely contested New York, New Jersey, Indiana, and Connecticut would determine the election. In New York, the Tammany Democrats decided that they would gain more from supporting a Democrat they disliked than a Republican who would do nothing for them. Blaine hoped that he would have more support from","title":"Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"16101836","text":"renovated in 1959, where an addition was built onto the northern end of the school that contained classrooms, a swimming pool, and a new gymnasium. During the 1970s, Grover was designated as the school to serve foreign language-speaking students within the City of Buffalo. In 2007, the building began housing two schools, Grover Cleveland High School, and the International Preparatory School, a math and science magnet affiliated with the College Board. In 2010, Grover Cleveland High School was closed to new due to low graduation rates and increasing incidents of student violence and possession of weapons. The final class of","title":"Grover Cleveland High School (Buffalo, New York)"},{"psg_id":"2254609","text":"and pitch another shutout.\" -Ty Cobb Alexander was the subject of the 1952 biographical film \"The Winning Team\", portrayed by Ronald Reagan. Baseball commentator Bill James called the film \"an awful movie, a \"Reader's Digest\" movie, reducing the events of Alexander's life to a cliché.\" Despite James's opinion, the film earned an estimated $1.7 million at the North American box office in 1952. Alexander has the unique distinction of being named after one U.S. president and being played on-screen by another. Since he played before the Phillies adopted uniform numbers, the block-letter \"P\" from the 1915 season uniforms was retired","title":"Grover Cleveland Alexander"},{"psg_id":"17348825","text":"in a couple of years and challenge Harrison again for the U.S. Presidency in 1892. Grover Cleveland 1888 presidential campaign President of the United States Grover Cleveland's first term (1885-1889) was most notable \"for its record number of vetoes (414), more than double the number issued by all his predecessors combined.\" During Cleveland's first term, controlling Congressional and wasteful spending was an important priority for him and his administration. Cleveland's vetoes (and other moves, such as issuing \"an executive order [which was later rescinded] directing the return of captured Confederate battle standards to their home states\") angered the Grand Army","title":"Grover Cleveland 1888 presidential campaign"},{"psg_id":"17348818","text":"Grover Cleveland 1888 presidential campaign President of the United States Grover Cleveland's first term (1885-1889) was most notable \"for its record number of vetoes (414), more than double the number issued by all his predecessors combined.\" During Cleveland's first term, controlling Congressional and wasteful spending was an important priority for him and his administration. Cleveland's vetoes (and other moves, such as issuing \"an executive order [which was later rescinded] directing the return of captured Confederate battle standards to their home states\") angered the Grand Army of the Republic (GAR), a powerful organization advocating for Union veterans. In his State of","title":"Grover Cleveland 1888 presidential campaign"},{"psg_id":"2254602","text":"seventh inning after starter Jesse Haines developed a blister, with the Cardinals ahead 3–2, the bases loaded and two out. Facing Yankee slugger Tony Lazzeri, Alexander struck him out and then held the Yankees scoreless for two more innings to preserve the win and give St. Louis the championship. The final out of the 7th game was made when Babe Ruth tried to steal second base. He had one last 20-win season for the Cardinals in 1927, but his continued drinking finally did him in. He left major league baseball after a brief return to the Phillies in 1930, and","title":"Grover Cleveland Alexander"},{"psg_id":"19919789","text":"Grover (given name) Grover is a masculine given name. Grover first became popular as a given name in the United States during the presidencies of Grover Cleveland, in part of a long-standing American trend of naming babies after presidents. Cleveland's official first name was Stephen; he was named after Stephen Grover, a former minister at the church his parents attended. However, from childhood, Cleveland's friends addressed him by his middle name instead, and so what was originally the surname Grover became a given name. According to Social Security Administration data, the name Grover increased in frequency by 850 per 100,000","title":"Grover (given name)"},{"psg_id":"6360712","text":"stream. The park was acquired between 1913 and 1916 and is named after President Grover Cleveland who was born in Caldwell, and was the 22nd and 24th President of the United States. The Olmsted Brothers were asked to create a plan for recreation use of most of the park area. By the summer of 1914, development of recreation facilities — including tennis courts, baseball fields, a playground, sand court, wading pool, and a shelter house to service these facilities — was underway, with improvements completed for public use by 1916. Park features include lighted tennis courts, shuffleboard courts, horseshoe pitches,","title":"Grover Cleveland Park"},{"psg_id":"20347982","text":"as \"Grover the Good\") emerged as the front-runner for the Democrats. As Governor, Cleveland was notable for implementing civil service reform in New York as well as for preserving Niagara Falls as a state park. In addition, Cleveland's position on the tariff issue was unclear—thus allowing him to appeal to both high tariff supporters and low tariff supporters. Plus, the fact that he was from a swing state (New York) further strengthened Cleveland's appeal among Democrats. Finally, Cleveland won a lot of support for cutting off the patronage of the corrupt New York City political machine known as Tammany Hall","title":"Grover Cleveland 1884 presidential campaign"},{"psg_id":"2254601","text":"the reason for the sale was, \"The Cubs finished last year and if they finish last again, I'd rather it be without [Alexander].\" The Cardinals won the National League pennant that year and met the New York Yankees in the World Series, where Alexander pitched complete game victories in Games 2 and 6. According to teammate Bob O'Farrell in \"The Glory of Their Times\", after the game six victory, Alexander got drunk that night and was still feeling the effects when he was sent out to pitch the next day in Game 7. Alexander came to the game in the","title":"Grover Cleveland Alexander"},{"psg_id":"1172814","text":"of Historic Places in 2011. Many other prominent names dominate the makeup of Grover and are listed repeatedly in reference level books of the Cleveland County Library System, families like Herndon, Hambright (Hambrecht), Hamrick, Rountree, Keeter, Graham, Cleaveland, Cleveland, Scruggs, and Goforth. Within the history of Grover - it is often confused with President Grover Cleveland versus Benjamin Cleveland and where the names came from. Although, each Cleveland are related - going back to Amos Cleveland, of Massachusetts and Cleveland, Ohio. Grover is in the process of restoring itself to a town with a 'turn-of-the-century look and feel'. Its train","title":"Grover, North Carolina"},{"psg_id":"158961","text":"in eighteen companies of Army troops to enforce the treaties and ordered General Philip Sheridan, at the time Commanding General of the U. S. Army, to investigate the matter. Cleveland entered the White House as a bachelor, and his sister Rose Cleveland joined him, to act as hostess for the first two years of his administration. Unlike the previous bachelor president James Buchanan, Cleveland did not remain a bachelor for long. In 1885 the daughter of Cleveland's friend Oscar Folsom visited him in Washington. Frances Folsom was a student at Wells College. When she returned to school, President Cleveland received","title":"Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"4882254","text":"as \"Susie\" says: \"OK, stop. I feel like I'm watching regional theatre, you guys. God! Am I in the Cleveland Playhouse or something? Your craft is a muscle, you need to exercise it. Take a break; think about what you've done.\" Filmmaker David Wain explained, \"The joke was that in saying how bad these campers are, she compares them to a truly respected theater company. I figured why not make a reference to my hometown?\" Cleveland Play House Cleveland Play House (CPH) is a professional regional theater company located in Cleveland, Ohio. It was founded in 1915 and built its","title":"Cleveland Play House"},{"psg_id":"1172806","text":"Grover, North Carolina Grover is a town in Cleveland County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 708 at the 2010 census. Grover is classified as a small town where railway and highway routes Interstate 85 and U.S. Highway 29 cross the state line between North Carolina and South Carolina. It was previously named Whitaker and legally was in South Carolina. The name change to Grover in 1885 was in honor of President Grover Cleveland. Gingerbread Row, (Cleveland Avenue - NC Highway 216) has an antique look with many restored homes in beautiful colors. A railroad-dominated town started when the","title":"Grover, North Carolina"},{"psg_id":"2254603","text":"pitched for the House of David until 1940. Alexander was a good fielding pitcher for his era, committing only 25 errors in 1,633 total chances for a career .985 fielding percentage. He was an above average hitter, accumulating 378 hits in 1,810 at-bats for a .209 batting average with 11 home runs and 163 RBI in a 20-year career. Alexander attended game three of the 1950 World Series at Yankee Stadium where he saw the Phillies lose to the Yankees. He died less than a month later, on November 4 in St. Paul, Nebraska, at the age of 63. Alexander's","title":"Grover Cleveland Alexander"},{"psg_id":"17348820","text":"tariffs and tariff reform. Cleveland went into the 1888 U.S. Presidential election as the first Democratic Presidential nominee to be re-nominated since Martin Van Buren in 1840, almost half a century earlier. The respected former U.S. Senator Allen G. Thurman (from the electoral vote-rich state of Ohio) was picked as Grover Cleveland's Vice Presidential running mate, since Cleveland's previous Vice President (Thomas A. Hendricks) died three years earlier, in November 1885. The Republican Party nominated former U.S. Senator Benjamin Harrison (from the swing state of Indiana) to run against Cleveland in 1888 after 1884 Republican Presidential nominee James G. Blaine","title":"Grover Cleveland 1888 presidential campaign"},{"psg_id":"5753826","text":"album, \"Definitive Collection\", which reached number 1 in the UK Albums Chart in 2005. Paper Lace included this song on their 1974 album, \"Paper Lace\". I Did What I Did for Maria \"I Did What I Did for Maria\" is a song recorded by English singer Tony Christie. It was written and produced by Mitch Murray and Peter Callander, who were also responsible for Christie's \"Las Vegas\" and \"Avenues and Alleyways\". The song is about a widower who, on the eve of his execution, recalls how he remorselessly avenged his dead wife, hence the title. It was a number 2","title":"I Did What I Did for Maria"},{"psg_id":"5753825","text":"I Did What I Did for Maria \"I Did What I Did for Maria\" is a song recorded by English singer Tony Christie. It was written and produced by Mitch Murray and Peter Callander, who were also responsible for Christie's \"Las Vegas\" and \"Avenues and Alleyways\". The song is about a widower who, on the eve of his execution, recalls how he remorselessly avenged his dead wife, hence the title. It was a number 2 UK hit in June 1971, and was also a hit in Ireland, where it also reached number 2. The track later appeared on Christie's compilation","title":"I Did What I Did for Maria"},{"psg_id":"19919790","text":"births in the United States between November 1883 and November 1884 (the month when Cleveland won his first presidential election), and spiked again after he won the 1892 election. The name later declined in popularity, and was last one of the top one thousand names in the United States in the 1970s. One notable modern usage is for Grover the Muppet on the television show \"Sesame Street\". Grover (given name) Grover is a masculine given name. Grover first became popular as a given name in the United States during the presidencies of Grover Cleveland, in part of a long-standing American","title":"Grover (given name)"},{"psg_id":"2254599","text":"\"I needed the money\". Alexander was drafted and one month before shipping out, he married Amy Marie Arrants on May 31 in a courthouse ceremony in Manhattan, Kansas (the couple divorced in 1929, remarried in 1931, and divorced again in 1941). Alexander spent most of the season in France as a sergeant with the 342nd Field Artillery. While he was serving in France, he was exposed to German mustard gas and a shell exploded near him, causing partial hearing loss and triggering the onset of epilepsy. Following his return from the war, Alexander suffered from shell shock and was plagued","title":"Grover Cleveland Alexander"},{"psg_id":"8401121","text":"Grover Loening Grover Cleveland Loening (September 12, 1888 – February 29, 1976) was an American aircraft manufacturer. Loening was born in Bremen, in what was then Imperial Germany, on September 12, 1888, while his American-born father was stationed there as U.S. Consul. He graduated from Columbia University in New York City, where he was awarded the first-ever degree in Aeronautical Engineering. Following graduation, he joined the Queen Aeroplane Company in New York, managed the Wright Company factory in Dayton, Ohio for Orville Wright in 1913 and 1914, published a book, \"Military Airplanes\", and became Vice President of the Sturtevant Aeroplane","title":"Grover Loening"},{"psg_id":"2254600","text":"with epileptic seizures, which only exacerbated his drinking problem. Although people often misinterpreted his seizure-related problems as drunkenness, Alexander hit the bottle particularly hard as a result of the physical and emotional injuries inflicted by the war, which plagued him to his grave. In spite of all this, Alexander gave Chicago several successful years and won another pitching triple crown in 1920. Tiring of his increasing drunkenness and insubordination that was often directly related to his epilepsy, the Cubs sold him to the Cardinals in the middle of the 1926 season for the waiver price. Then-Cubs manager, Joe McCarthy stated","title":"Grover Cleveland Alexander"},{"psg_id":"158932","text":"were widely denounced. Cleveland, however, saw the bill as unjust—Gould had taken over the railroads when they were failing and had made the system solvent again. Moreover, Cleveland believed that altering Gould's franchise would violate the Contract Clause of the federal Constitution. Despite the initial popularity of the fare-reduction bill, the newspapers praised Cleveland's veto. Theodore Roosevelt, then a member of the Assembly, had reluctantly voted for the bill to which Cleveland objected, in a desire to punish the unscrupulous railroad barons. After the veto, Roosevelt reversed himself, as did many legislators, and the veto was sustained. Cleveland's defiance of","title":"Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"158991","text":"but instead an \"epithelioma\". Cleveland decided to have surgery secretly, to avoid further panic that might worsen the financial depression. The surgery occurred on July 1, to give Cleveland time to make a full recovery in time for the upcoming Congressional session. Under the guise of a vacation cruise, Cleveland and his surgeon, Dr. Joseph Bryant, left for New York. The surgeons operated aboard the \"Oneida\", a yacht owned by Cleveland's friend E. C. Benedict, as it sailed off Long Island. The surgery was conducted through the President's mouth, to avoid any scars or other signs of surgery. The team,","title":"Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"1172809","text":"Frederick Hambright (Hambrecht). Grover also hosts a former White House Chef and manager of the Presidential resort and conference center Camp David, Martin CJ Mongiello, who lives there . Grover is a part of Cleveland County, North Carolina. The county is named after Colonel Benjamin Cleveland (Cleaveland - Thorkil de Cleveland of Cleveland County York, England in the year 1066) - of the King's Mountain battle - a companion of Colonel Frederick Hambright (with his son John by his side) during the Revolutionary War. Grover holds as many North Carolina Official Historical Markers as the county seat of Shelby. It","title":"Grover, North Carolina"},{"psg_id":"7978729","text":"Antoni Grover Antoni Grover (born 11 March 1980) is an Australian rules footballer who played as a defender for the Fremantle Football Club. After being elevated from the rookie list in 1999, he made his debut in round 21 against the Sydney Swans. After this he became an important and consistent performer in his defence, and also had good marking abilities (finishing fifth in the team for general and contested marks in 2005). In round 4, 2003, Antoni Grover was one of seven indigenous players to represent Fremantle, the most ever to play in a single AFL team. The other","title":"Antoni Grover"},{"psg_id":"14666091","text":"Grover Washabaugh Grover Cleveland \"Pappy\" Washabaugh (September 21, 1892 – March 16, 1973) was an American football and basketball coach. He served as the head football coach at Westminster College from 1937 to 1942, during which time he compiled a 16–26–6 record, and the head basketball coach from 1937 to 1956, during which time he compiled a 296–129 record. Washabaugh's first coaching experience came at Woodlawn High School in Aliquippa, Pennsylvania, where he mentored the basketball team and taught physical education. He then coached at South Hills High School for four years before moving on to South Side High School","title":"Grover Washabaugh"},{"psg_id":"12107006","text":"York. When the Club moved to its present location in Amherst, the existing site was renamed Grover Cleveland Park to honor the former Mayor of Buffalo, Governor of New York, and President of the United States. It was at this time, that the Main St. property was rezoned from being part of Amherst, NY to becoming part of Buffalo, NY. The present course has hosted the U.S. Women's Amateur in 1931, the Curtis Cup in 1950, the Carling Cup Matches in 1960, and the National Junior Girls Championship in 1962. The transported Country Club of Buffalo, located in the Town","title":"Grover Cleveland Golf Course"},{"psg_id":"8401124","text":"other inductees in the Hall of Fame's portrait gallery within the San Diego Air and Space Museum. He is a 1976 recipient of the Langley Gold Medal from the Smithsonian Institution. He died on February 29, 1976, in Coconut Grove, Florida. Grover Loening Grover Cleveland Loening (September 12, 1888 – February 29, 1976) was an American aircraft manufacturer. Loening was born in Bremen, in what was then Imperial Germany, on September 12, 1888, while his American-born father was stationed there as U.S. Consul. He graduated from Columbia University in New York City, where he was awarded the first-ever degree in","title":"Grover Loening"},{"psg_id":"20347981","text":"incumbent Stalwart U.S. President Chester A. Arthur's attempt at renomination. In Arthur's place, Blaine himself was nominated as the Republican Party candidate for President in 1884. Meanwhile, U.S. Senator and former general John A. Logan was selected as Blaine's running mate after Robert Todd Lincoln withdrew his name from consideration. 1876 Democratic candidate and former New York Governor Samuel J. Tilden was initially the 1884 front-runner for the Democrats. Due to his poor health, however, Tilden withdrew his name from consideration for the 1884 Democratic nomination. After Tilden's withdrawal, then-current New York Governor and former Buffalo Mayor Grover Cleveland (known","title":"Grover Cleveland 1884 presidential campaign"},{"psg_id":"2254607","text":"\"Alec\", and on occasions when he succeeded in grand fashion (as with the 1926 World Series), they would call him \"Alexander the Great\". So dominant was he during the 1920s that many players and writers of his era referred to him as \"the best pitcher to ever put on a pair of shoes\". The origin of the nickname \"Old Pete\" is something of a mystery. It is uncertain how frequently Alexander was publicly called by that nickname during his playing days. When he won his 373rd game on August 10, 1929, one newspaper had called him \"old Pete\", indicating that","title":"Grover Cleveland Alexander"},{"psg_id":"2254597","text":"joined on the Phillies that year by catcher Bill Killefer, who went on to become Alexander's favorite receiver, catching 250 of his games. In his rookie year, Alexander led the league with 28 wins (a modern-day rookie record), 31 complete games, 367 innings pitched, and seven shutouts, while finishing second in strikeouts and fourth in ERA. From 1912 to 1921, Alexander led the league in ERA five times (1915–17, 1919, and 1920), wins five times (1914–17, 1920), innings six times (1912, 1914–17, 1920), strikeouts six times (1912, 1914–1917, 1920), complete games five times (1914–1917, 1920), and shutouts five times (1915,","title":"Grover Cleveland Alexander"},{"psg_id":"1916620","text":"Memphis Railroad (president), the Louisville and Nashville Railroad (president), and in the late 1880s the Central Rail Road and Banking Company of Georgia until 1891. Alexander became friends with Grover Cleveland and the two spent many hours hunting for ducks on Alexander's estate. In May 1897, President Cleveland appointed Alexander as the arbiter of the commission tasked with fixing and demarcating the boundary between the Republics of Nicaragua and Costa Rica, with a view towards the possible construction of an interoceanic canal to be dug across Central America. Alexander spent two years at the head of that commission, headquartered in","title":"Edward Porter Alexander"},{"psg_id":"15145193","text":"distances among homes. In the early 1890s the growing town was granted a post office, and the name was changed to \"Grover\" in honor of U.S. President Grover Cleveland. The Grover Irrigation Company organized in 1893 to build and manage structures for drawing and distributing water from Fish Creek Lake. The first school classes were held in the winter of 1892–1893, and the first log school/church/community building was built about 1900. In 1935, a new school building was built in Grover. A stuccoed log one-room school, the Grover School was built with funds and labor provided mainly by the Works","title":"Grover, Utah"},{"psg_id":"1260038","text":"Grover, Wyoming Grover is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lincoln County, Wyoming, United States. The population was 147 at the 2010 census. The first settlement at Grover was made in 1885. A post office called Grover has been in operation since 1889. The community was named after Grover Cleveland, 22nd and 24th President of the United States. Grover is located at (42.793051, -110.931862). It located in Star Valley, a grassland valley surrounded by forested mountains. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 0.9 square miles (2.2 km²), all of it land. As of","title":"Grover, Wyoming"},{"psg_id":"158992","text":"sedating Cleveland with nitrous oxide and ether, successfully removed parts of his upper left jaw and hard palate. The size of the tumor and the extent of the operation left Cleveland's mouth disfigured. During another surgery, Cleveland was fitted with a hard rubber dental prosthesis that corrected his speech and restored his appearance. A cover story about the removal of two bad teeth kept the suspicious press placated. Even when a newspaper story appeared giving details of the actual operation, the participating surgeons discounted the severity of what transpired during Cleveland's vacation. In 1917, one of the surgeons present on","title":"Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"20969680","text":"predeceased by his wife in 1992. Cleveland died on November 8, 1995 in Wolfeboro, New Hampshire, at age 92. Francis Cleveland Francis Grover Cleveland (c. 1903 - November 8, 1995) was an American stage actor, director and producer. He was the co-founder of the Barnstormers Theatre, a theatre company in Tamworth, New Hampshire. His parents were President Grover Cleveland and First Lady Frances Folsom. Cleveland was born circa 1903 in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts. His father, Grover Cleveland, was the 22nd and 24th president of the United States; his mother, Frances Folsom, was First Lady. He had a brother, Richard, and","title":"Francis Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"20969678","text":"Francis Cleveland Francis Grover Cleveland (c. 1903 - November 8, 1995) was an American stage actor, director and producer. He was the co-founder of the Barnstormers Theatre, a theatre company in Tamworth, New Hampshire. His parents were President Grover Cleveland and First Lady Frances Folsom. Cleveland was born circa 1903 in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts. His father, Grover Cleveland, was the 22nd and 24th president of the United States; his mother, Frances Folsom, was First Lady. He had a brother, Richard, and three sisters, including Ruth and Esther Cleveland was educated at the Phillips Exeter Academy. He graduated from Harvard University.","title":"Francis Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"10180756","text":"The Winning Team The Winning Team is a 1952 biographical film directed by Lewis Seiler. It is a fictionalized biography of the life of major league pitcher Grover Cleveland Alexander (1887–1950) starring Ronald Reagan as Alexander, Doris Day as his wife, Aimee, and Frank Lovejoy as baseball star Rogers Hornsby. It includes his heroic performance in three games in the 1926 World Series against the New York Yankees, where the 7th inning strikeout of Tony Lazzeri is used as the game-ending, Series-winning pitch. The film earned an estimated $1.7 million at the North American box office in 1952. This movie","title":"The Winning Team"},{"psg_id":"1172811","text":"War). This portion of history affected local matters. A German bachelor, Grover Cleveland, was ill at ease at first with all the comforts of the White House. \"I must go to dinner,\" he wrote to a friend, \"but I wish it was to eat a pickled herring, a Swiss cheese, and a chop at Louis' instead of the French stuff I shall find.\" He gained advance publicity and coverage as did the town of Grover. A portion of the original plan encompassed renaming the town after the President's first name to attain notice. In June 1886, this predicament would be","title":"Grover, North Carolina"},{"psg_id":"158925","text":"his term as sheriff ended, Cleveland returned to his law practice, opening a firm with his friends Lyman K. Bass and Wilson S. Bissell. Elected to Congress in 1872, Bass did not spend much time at the firm, but Cleveland and Bissell soon rose to the top of Buffalo's legal community. Up to that point, Cleveland's political career had been honorable and unexceptional. As biographer Allan Nevins wrote, \"Probably no man in the country, on March 4, 1881, had less thought than this limited, simple, sturdy attorney of Buffalo that four years later he would be standing in Washington and","title":"Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"1172813","text":"House Historical Society to The Inn of the Patriots, 301 Cleveland Avenue, Grover Cleveland, NC 28073. No such town exists in America. Cleveland Avenue (Route 226) runs through Grover - parallel to Main Street. Many Hambright's (Hambrecht's), Hamrick's and Herndon's lived on Cleveland Avenue. Today, the Shiloh Presbyterian Church (built in 1905) remains next to Doctor Alfred Hambright's (Hambrecht) home that was built after the Civil War. A statue was dedicated to Colonel Frederick Hambright (Hambrecht Prussian family) and US Marine Corporal, Clyde Furman Horton on July 1, 2008. The Shiloh Presbyterian Church Cemetery was listed on the National Register","title":"Grover, North Carolina"},{"psg_id":"7578085","text":"up: \"What Katy Did at School\" and \"What Katy Did Next\". Two further sequels relating the adventures of Katy's younger siblings were also published—\"Clover\" and \"In the High Valley\". The books were frequently reprinted and all are available online. Coolidge modeled Katy on her own childhood self, and the other 'Little Carrs' on her brothers and sisters. The title is a play on the katydid, a family of insects – which explains the insects on the first edition book cover. 12-year-old Katy Carr lives with her widowed father and her two brothers and three sisters in Burnet, a small midwestern","title":"What Katy Did"},{"psg_id":"158972","text":"president, they accepted the convention favorite. As a supporter of greenbacks and Free Silver to inflate the currency and alleviate economic distress in the rural districts, Stevenson balanced the otherwise hard-money, gold-standard ticket headed by Cleveland. The Republicans re-nominated President Harrison, making the 1892 election a rematch of the one four years earlier. Unlike the turbulent and controversial elections of 1876, 1884, and 1888, the 1892 election was, according to Cleveland biographer Allan Nevins, \"the cleanest, quietest, and most creditable in the memory of the post-war generation,\" in part because Harrison's wife, Caroline, was dying of tuberculosis. Harrison did not","title":"Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"16052625","text":"1932, serving as speaker from 1931 to 1932. He was a Republican. Grover C. Winn Grover Cleveland \"Ki\" Winn (January 3, 1886 – May 18, 1943) was an American lawyer, who served as speaker of the Alaska Territorial House of Representatives. Winn was born Grover Cleveland Winn in Wiota, Wisconsin in 1886. He received his law degree in 1910 from the University of Washington School of Law and practiced law in Juneau, Alaska. He also served of the Juneau School Board. His son, William, became a noted art dealer and critic in Juneau, Alaska. Winn died in 1943. Winn was","title":"Grover C. Winn"},{"psg_id":"16052624","text":"Grover C. Winn Grover Cleveland \"Ki\" Winn (January 3, 1886 – May 18, 1943) was an American lawyer, who served as speaker of the Alaska Territorial House of Representatives. Winn was born Grover Cleveland Winn in Wiota, Wisconsin in 1886. He received his law degree in 1910 from the University of Washington School of Law and practiced law in Juneau, Alaska. He also served of the Juneau School Board. His son, William, became a noted art dealer and critic in Juneau, Alaska. Winn died in 1943. Winn was a member of the Alaska Territorial House of Representatives from 1929 to","title":"Grover C. Winn"},{"psg_id":"4882242","text":"Play House and named Raymond O'Neil as the Director. Their initial productions were performed in a home donated by Cleveland industrialist Francis Drury located at East 85th and Euclid Avenue. O'Neil was a devotee of the artistic ideals of Edward Gordon Craig, and the Play House's earliest productions reflect this. The founders of the Play House were bohemians and suffragists, and were thus outsiders in conservative Cleveland society. As a result, the Play House in its early years performed for a select group of individuals interested in avant-garde art, rather than the larger community of Cleveland. The Play House was","title":"Cleveland Play House"},{"psg_id":"17328934","text":"the Wallace organization when he died in 1971. Library of Congress and WorldCat records nominally for the son (1915–1971) actually pertain to both Grover C. Halls and the family. Grover C. Hall Grover Cleveland Hall, Sr. (January 11, 1888 – 1941) was an American newspaper editor. At the \"Montgomery Advertiser\" in Montgomery, Alabama, he garnered national attention and won a Pulitzer Prize during the 1920s for his editorials that criticized the Ku Klux Klan. Hall was born in Haleburg, Alabama, near the Georgia and Florida borders, and educated in the state's country schools. Grover was ten in 1898, when his","title":"Grover C. Hall"},{"psg_id":"3980926","text":"lived parallel lives in which it has been widely assumed that the latter was named for the former. The confection's creator, the Curtiss Candy Company, never admitted to what looks like an obvious connection – especially since Ruth hit 54 home runs the year before the first Baby Ruth was devoured. Had it done so, Curtiss would have had to compensate Ruth. Instead, it eventually insisted the inspiration was \"Baby Ruth\" Cleveland, the daughter of President Grover Cleveland. But it is an odd connection that makes one wonder at the marketing savvy of Otto Schnering, the company's founder.\" Ruth Cleveland","title":"Ruth Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"2695073","text":"Grover Whalen Grover Aloysius Whalen (1886–1962) was a prominent politician, businessman, and public relations guru in New York City during the 1930s and 1940s. Whalen was born on July 2, 1886 in New York City. Whalen was the son of an Irish immigrant father and a French-Canadian mother, who named their son after President Grover Cleveland, who was married on the same day that their child was born. His father, Michael Whalen, was a successful trucking contractor and a Tammany Hall supporter. Grover Whalen attended DeWitt Clinton High School and afterwards studied law. He then joined the staff of John","title":"Grover Whalen"},{"psg_id":"9335483","text":"by two new TV commentators, Mark Zimmerman and Steve Bell, former A-League (USL-1) and MLS player. Bell also did play-by-play for three matches on Fox Soccer Channel. Cleveland City Stars Cleveland City Stars were an American professional soccer team based in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Founded in 2006, the team played in the USL First Division (USL-1), the second tier of the American Soccer Pyramid in 2009. The club folded soon after the 2009 season. The team played its home games at Bearcat Stadium (renamed Middlefield Cheese Stadium for sponsorship purposes) on the campus of Bedford High School in nearby","title":"Cleveland City Stars"},{"psg_id":"20498890","text":"Cynthia Eloise Cleveland Cynthia Eloise Cleveland (August 13, 1845 – April 1932) was an American lawyer, politician, writer, and temperance worker. She was the first woman lawyer admitted to the bar in the Dakota Territory. Cynthia Eloise Cleveland was born in Canton, New York, the daughter of Erin Cleveland and Laura Marsh Cleveland. She earned law degrees from Howard University in 1899 and 1900. She was described as a cousin or relative of President Grover Cleveland, though she admitted that the connection was distant and they did not know each other. In 1883 Cleveland was based in Pierre, South Dakota","title":"Cynthia Eloise Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"4882249","text":"receive creative and administrative support from Cleveland Play House. The Unit meets regularly with members of the CPH artistic staff, where they read their works-in-progress and provide each other with feedback. Many of the plays developed in the Playwrights' Unit have been produced by Cleveland Play House, other Cleveland area theatres, and across the United States. Admission into the Playwrights' Unit is by invitation. Currently the CPH Playwrights' Unit consists of Eric Coble, Michael Geither, David Hansen, Margaret Lynch, Deborah Magid, Michael Oatman & Eric Schmiedl. Founded in 1996, the MFA program at Cleveland Play House is affiliated with Case","title":"Cleveland Play House"},{"psg_id":"4882240","text":"Cleveland Play House Cleveland Play House (CPH) is a professional regional theater company located in Cleveland, Ohio. It was founded in 1915 and built its own noted theater complex in 1927. Currently the company performs at the Allen Theatre in Playhouse Square where it has been based since 2011. Cleveland Play House is organized like most American theater companies, with a board of directors and a number of administrators. The Board of Directors is chaired by Janice E. Focke. The Artistic Director is Laura Kepley and the Managing Director is Kevin Moore. The theater's national directors are Alan Alda, Austin","title":"Cleveland Play House"},{"psg_id":"158971","text":"pronouncements on the monetary issues made him a leading contender for the Democratic nomination. His leading opponent was David B. Hill, a Senator for New York. Hill united the anti-Cleveland elements of the Democratic party—silverites, protectionists, and Tammany Hall—but was unable to create a coalition large enough to deny Cleveland the nomination. Despite some desperate maneuvering by Hill, Cleveland was nominated on the first ballot at the convention in Chicago. For vice president, the Democrats chose to balance the ticket with Adlai E. Stevenson of Illinois, a silverite. Although the Cleveland forces preferred Isaac P. Gray of Indiana for vice","title":"Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"158943","text":"for attending a banquet with some of New York City's wealthiest men. After the votes were counted, Cleveland narrowly won all four of the swing states, including New York by 1200 votes. While the popular vote total was close, with Cleveland winning by just one-quarter of a percent, the electoral votes gave Cleveland a majority of 219–182. Following the electoral victory, the \"Ma, Ma ...\" attack phrase gained a classic riposte: \"Gone to the White House. Ha! Ha! Ha!\" Soon after taking office, Cleveland was faced with the task of filling all the government jobs for which the president had","title":"Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"158924","text":"biographer Rexford Tugwell described the time in office as a waste for Cleveland politically. Cleveland was aware of graft in the sheriff's office during his tenure and chose not to confront it. A notable incident of his term took place on September 6, 1872, when Patrick Morrissey was executed, who had been convicted of murdering his mother. As sheriff, Cleveland was responsible for either personally carrying out the execution or paying a deputy $10 to perform the task. In spite of reservations about the hanging, Cleveland executed Morrissey himself; he hanged another murderer, John Gaffney, on February 14, 1873. After","title":"Grover Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"7808745","text":"offers many other clubs and extracurriculars. Clubs at Cleveland range from robotics to speech and debate. Cleveland is known throughout the city for its strong aquatics program. The swim team and water polo have won CIF championships numerous times. Other sports available at Cleveland are football, soccer, basketball, volleyball, cross country, track and field, and many more. Cleveland High School (Los Angeles) Grover Cleveland Charter High School is a public school serving grades 9-12. Cleveland Humanities Magnet is part of Cleveland Charter High School. The school is located in Reseda, in the San Fernando Valley of Los Angeles, California. Cleveland,","title":"Cleveland High School (Los Angeles)"},{"psg_id":"3994150","text":"the band signed a deal with new label Modernist Movement. The album \"Atlas Drugged\" was released on February 9, 2010 via Modernist Movement Recordings. Atlas Drugged was also produced by Brian Virtue. Decibel magazine referred to the band in a review of Atlas Drugged, \"Look What I Did crush on political philosophers, put Latin words in their song titles and generally get off on being a bunch of wiseasses to spazzed-out Adderall punk.\". The album title is play on Ayn Rand's 1957 novel 'Atlas Shrugged' In 2013, Look What I Did began revealing songs set to be released on their","title":"Look What I Did"},{"psg_id":"19865772","text":"Richard F. Cleveland Richard Folsom \"Dick\" Cleveland (October 28, 1897 – January 10, 1974) was an American lawyer and civic leader who spent his career with the law firm of Semmes, Bowen & Semmes. He was the son of President Grover Cleveland. Whittaker Chambers considered him critical to successful outcome of the Hiss Case. Cleveland was born in Princeton, New Jersey, the eldest son of Grover Cleveland, the 22nd and 24th President of the United States, and Frances Folsom. He was born nearly eight months after the end of his father's second term, and was named for his grandfather, Richard","title":"Richard F. Cleveland"},{"psg_id":"18511202","text":"Cleveland Pack. Despite changing owners and team name Marcus McIntosh finish the season with the same core of players. The Saints were mentioned as members of Supreme Indoor Football in 2016, and again in the Can-Am Indoor Football League in 2017, but did not play any games either year. \"Note: The finish, wins, losses, and ties columns list regular season results and exclude any postseason play.\" Cleveland Saints The Cleveland Saints were a professional indoor football team based in Warrensville Heights, Ohio. The Saints were members of American Indoor Football (AIF). The club was established in 2014 as an expansion","title":"Cleveland Saints"},{"psg_id":"1187712","text":"Grover Hill, Ohio Grover Hill is a village in Paulding County, Ohio, United States. The population was 402 at the 2010 census. The village is named after President Grover Cleveland. Grover Hill is located at . According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2010, there were 402 people, 159 households, and 110 families residing in the village. The population density was . There were 183 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the village was 98.5% White, 0.2% African American,","title":"Grover Hill, Ohio"},{"psg_id":"17328927","text":"Grover C. Hall Grover Cleveland Hall, Sr. (January 11, 1888 – 1941) was an American newspaper editor. At the \"Montgomery Advertiser\" in Montgomery, Alabama, he garnered national attention and won a Pulitzer Prize during the 1920s for his editorials that criticized the Ku Klux Klan. Hall was born in Haleburg, Alabama, near the Georgia and Florida borders, and educated in the state's country schools. Grover was ten in 1898, when his older brother William Theodore Hall started newspaper work in Dothan, Alabama, also in the southeastern corner of the state. W.T. Hall was editor of the Dothan \"Eagle\" from 1905","title":"Grover C. Hall"},{"psg_id":"1172818","text":"income of $33,977 and females $25,769 for females. The per capita income was $16,132. About 13.5% of families and 12.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.8% of those under age 18 and 11.4% of those age 65 or over. There is one public elementary school, Grover Elementary, located in the town. Numerous, public, middle and high schools are located nearby in Kings Mountain, NC. Kings Mountain High School is the largest in the region and listed in America's Top 100 High Schools. Grover, North Carolina Grover is a town in Cleveland County, North Carolina, United States.","title":"Grover, North Carolina"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2254606\",\n \"text\": \"year of the Hall. Alexander was the only player elected that year. During the late 1930s and early 1940s, Alexander continued to play baseball, touring as a player-coach for the Grover Cleveland Alexander's House of David Team. The team's tour was managed by J. L. Wilkinson and often played against the Kansas City Monarchs. Alexander played with and against many of the Negro League stars of the day, including Satchel Paige, John Donaldson, Newt Joseph, Chet Brewer, and Andy Cooper. Newspapers often mentioned Alexander's full name when writing about him, in addition to just \\\"Grover\\\". He was also sometimes called\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Alexander\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2254608\",\n \"text\": \"the nickname was in public circulation. On his 1940 Playball baseball card he was referred to as \\\"Ol' Pete.\\\" In \\\"The World Series and Highlights of Baseball\\\", by Lamont Buchanan, published in 1951, the year after Alexander died, on pp. 106–107 the author refers to \\\"Pete Alexander\\\" and \\\"Ol' Pete\\\" in a matter-of-fact way, suggesting the nickname was well known. His nickname among family friends in Nebraska was \\\"Dode.\\\" \\\"Grover Cleveland Alexander wasn't drunk out there on the mound, the way people thought. He was an epileptic. Old Pete would fall down with a seizure between innings, then go back\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Alexander\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2254598\",\n \"text\": \"1916 [a single-season record 16], 1917, 1919, 1921). He won pitching's Triple Crown in 1915, 1916, and 1920, and is sometimes credited with a fourth in 1917. In 1915, he was instrumental in leading the Phillies to their first pennant, and he pitched a record five one-hitters. Along the way Alexander began to have problems with alcohol, a struggle that would plague him the rest of his life. After the 1917 season, the Phillies traded Grover Cleveland Alexander and catcher Bill Killefer to the Cubs for catcher Pickles Dillhoefer, pitcher Mike Prendergast, and $60,000. Phillies owner William Baker admitted later,\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Alexander\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13969210\",\n \"text\": \"but he did not use the name \\\"Stephen\\\" in his adult life. The family moved to New York in 1841. A group of private citizens purchased the house in the early twentieth century to open it as a museum. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. Grover Cleveland Birthplace The Grover Cleveland Birthplace is a registered historic site located in Caldwell, Essex County, New Jersey, United States. It is the only house museum dedicated to U.S. President Grover Cleveland. It was the home where Grover Cleveland was born in 1837. The building is also\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Birthplace\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13969209\",\n \"text\": \"Grover Cleveland Birthplace The Grover Cleveland Birthplace is a registered historic site located in Caldwell, Essex County, New Jersey, United States. It is the only house museum dedicated to U.S. President Grover Cleveland. It was the home where Grover Cleveland was born in 1837. The building is also known as the Caldwell Presbyterian Church Manse and served as a Presbyterian church parsonage for the Cleveland family while Grover's father, Rev. Richard Falley Cleveland, served as a pastor of the local church. Cleveland was originally named Stephen Grover in honor of the first pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of Caldwell,\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Birthplace\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"158917\",\n \"text\": \"the time. He became known as Grover in his adult life. In 1841, the Cleveland family moved to Fayetteville, New York, where Grover spent much of his childhood. Neighbors later described him as \\\"full of fun and inclined to play pranks,\\\" and fond of outdoor sports. In 1850, Cleveland's father moved to Clinton, Oneida County, New York, to work as district secretary for the American Home Missionary Society. Despite his father's dedication to his missionary work, the income was insufficient for the large family. Financial conditions forced him to remove Grover from school into a two-year mercantile apprenticeship in Fayetteville.\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17251655\",\n \"text\": \"Grover Cleveland 1892 presidential campaign After losing re-election to Republican Benjamin Harrison in 1888 and leaving office in 1889, U.S. President Grover Cleveland was initially satisfied with his return to private life. However, Cleveland's views about his retirement began to change at the time of the 1890 midterm elections, in which the Democrats won huge victories at the ballot box. In addition, Cleveland disliked what he perceived to be the frequent blunders of the Harrison administration. By the time 1891 ended, Grover Cleveland decided to re-enter American political life and run again for U.S. President in the 1892 U.S. Presidential\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland 1892 presidential campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"159002\",\n \"text\": \"in Buffalo, New York. Cleveland Hall houses the offices of the college president, vice presidents, and other administrative functions and student services. Cleveland was a member of the first board of directors of the then Buffalo Normal School. Grover Cleveland Middle School in his birthplace, Caldwell, New Jersey, was named for him, as is Grover Cleveland High School in Buffalo, New York, and the town of Cleveland, Mississippi. Mount Cleveland, a volcano in Alaska, is also named after him. In 1895 he became the first U.S. President who was filmed. The first U.S. postage stamp to honor Cleveland appeared in\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"159004\",\n \"text\": \"Coin Act of 2005. In 2013, Cleveland was inducted into the New Jersey Hall of Fame. Scholarly studies Primary sources Official Letters and Speeches Media coverage Other Grover Cleveland Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837 – June 24, 1908) was an American politician and lawyer who was the 22nd and 24th President of the United States, the only president in American history to serve two non-consecutive terms in office (1885–1889 and 1893–1897). He won the popular vote for three presidential elections—in 1884, 1888, and 1892—and was one of two Democrats (with Woodrow Wilson) to be elected president during the era\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"158911\",\n \"text\": \"Grover Cleveland Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837 – June 24, 1908) was an American politician and lawyer who was the 22nd and 24th President of the United States, the only president in American history to serve two non-consecutive terms in office (1885–1889 and 1893–1897). He won the popular vote for three presidential elections—in 1884, 1888, and 1892—and was one of two Democrats (with Woodrow Wilson) to be elected president during the era of Republican political domination dating from 1861 to 1933. Cleveland was the leader of the pro-business Bourbon Democrats who opposed high tariffs, Free Silver, inflation, imperialism, and\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19767974\",\n \"text\": \"Presidencies of Grover Cleveland The presidencies of Grover Cleveland lasted from March 4, 1885 to March 4, 1889, and from March 4, 1893 to March 4, 1897. The first Democrat elected after the Civil War, Grover Cleveland is the only President of the United States to leave office after one term and later return for a second term. His presidencies were the nation's 22nd and 24th. Cleveland defeated James G. Blaine of Maine in 1884, lost to Benjamin Harrison of Indiana in 1888, and then defeated President Harrison in 1892. Cleveland won the 1884 election with the support of a\",\n \"title\": \"Presidencies of Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19768057\",\n \"text\": \"eight greatest president in U.S. history, but his standing in polls of historians and political scientists has declined since 1948. A 2018 poll of the American Political Science Association's Presidents and Executive Politics section ranked Cleveland as the 24th best president. A 2017 C-Span poll of historians ranked Cleveland as the 23rd best president. Official Letters and Speeches Media coverage Other Presidencies of Grover Cleveland The presidencies of Grover Cleveland lasted from March 4, 1885 to March 4, 1889, and from March 4, 1893 to March 4, 1897. The first Democrat elected after the Civil War, Grover Cleveland is the\",\n \"title\": \"Presidencies of Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20347980\",\n \"text\": \"Grover Cleveland 1884 presidential campaign The 1884 election was the first Presidential campaign in which Grover Cleveland participated and the first of two nonconsecutive terms that he won. This election pitted Grover Cleveland against James G. Blaine and the campaign for this election centered on corruption, civil service reforms, and scandals. In this election, Cleveland portrayed himself as the clean and honest candidate in contrast to the corrupt James G. Blaine. In the years leading up to 1884, the Republican Party was divided into two factions—the Stalwarts and the Reformers. In 1884, Reformer James G. Blaine was able to defeat\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland 1884 presidential campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17251661\",\n \"text\": \"reluctantly support Cleveland in 1892, which might have helped Cleveland narrowly win his home state of New York. Grover Cleveland won the general election by the largest popular vote margin (three percent) in twenty years. In addition, Cleveland won almost two thirds of the Electoral College vote, winning all of the states that he won in 1884 in addition to Illinois, Wisconsin, and California. Due to winning in 1892, Grover Cleveland became the first (and only, even to this day) ex-U.S. President to be elected U.S. President again. Grover Cleveland 1892 presidential campaign After losing re-election to Republican Benjamin Harrison\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland 1892 presidential campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16101835\",\n \"text\": \"Grover Cleveland High School (Buffalo, New York) Grover Cleveland High School was a high school located in Buffalo, New York. It is named for former U.S. President and Buffalo mayor Grover Cleveland and generally housed students from Grades 9 - 12, teaching according to the Board of Regents. Currently, the school building houses The International Preparatory School. Grover Cleveland High School was originally constructed in 1913 as the home to Buffalo State College, then known as Buffalo Teacher's School. In 1931, Grover Cleveland High School was formed as a school serving the Lower West Side of Buffalo. The building was\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland High School (Buffalo, New York)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12951683\",\n \"text\": \"First inauguration of Grover Cleveland The first inauguration of Grover Cleveland as the 22nd President of the United States was held on Wednesday, March 4, 1885, at the eastern portico of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.. The inauguration marked the commencement of the first four-year term of Grover Cleveland as President and the only term of Thomas A. Hendricks as Vice President. Hendricks died days into this term, and the office remained vacant for the balance of it. (Prior to ratification of the Twenty-fifth Amendment in 1967, no constitutional provision existed for filling an intra-term vacancy in the\",\n \"title\": \"First inauguration of Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8871001\",\n \"text\": \"Grover Cleveland Bergdoll Grover Cleveland Bergdoll (October 18, 1893 – January 27, 1966) was an early aviator, racing driver and World War I draft dodger, who went to Germany to avoid service. He was born in Philadelphia to a wealthy brewing family. He was one of 119 people to train at the Wright Flying School, and in 1912 he purchased a Wright Model B biplane for $5,000. Bergdoll made several public flights from an airfield on family-owned land outside Philadelphia, and was the first person to fly an airplane between Philadelphia and Atlantic City, New Jersey. After 748 flights the\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Bergdoll\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8870994\",\n \"text\": \"Grover Cleveland Bergdoll Grover Cleveland Bergdoll (October 18, 1893 – January 27, 1966) was an early aviator, racing driver and World War I draft dodger, who went to Germany to avoid service. He was born in Philadelphia to a wealthy brewing family. He was one of 119 people to train at the Wright Flying School, and in 1912 he purchased a Wright Model B biplane for $5,000. Bergdoll made several public flights from an airfield on family-owned land outside Philadelphia, and was the first person to fly an airplane between Philadelphia and Atlantic City, New Jersey. After 748 flights the\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Bergdoll\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"158916\",\n \"text\": \"English ancestors, the first of the family having emigrated to Massachusetts from Cleveland, England in 1635. His father's maternal grandfather, Richard Falley Jr., fought at the Battle of Bunker Hill, and was the son of an immigrant from Guernsey. On his mother's side, Cleveland was descended from Anglo-Irish Protestants and German Quakers from Philadelphia. Cleveland was distantly related to General Moses Cleaveland, after whom the city of Cleveland, Ohio, was named. Cleveland, the fifth of nine children, was named Stephen Grover in honor of the first pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of Caldwell, where his father was pastor at\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"159001\",\n \"text\": \"sought a summer house to escape the heat and smells of Washington, D.C., near enough the capital. He secretly bought a farmhouse, Oak View (or Oak Hill), in a rural upland part of the District of Columbia, in 1886, and remodeled it into a Queen Anne style summer estate. He sold Oak View upon losing his bid for re-election in 1888. Not long thereafter, suburban residential development reached the area, which came to be known as Oak View, and then Cleveland Heights, and eventually Cleveland Park. The Clevelands are depicted in local murals. Grover Cleveland Hall at Buffalo State College\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"158915\",\n \"text\": \"term, public perception showed him to be one of the most unpopular U.S. presidents, and he was by then rejected even by most Democrats. Today, Cleveland is considered by most historians to have been a successful leader, generally ranked among the upper-mid tier of American presidents. Stephen Grover Cleveland was born on March 18, 1837, in Caldwell, New Jersey, to Ann (née Neal) and Richard Falley Cleveland. Cleveland's father was a Congregational and Presbyterian minister who was originally from Connecticut. His mother was from Baltimore and was the daughter of a bookseller. On his father's side, Cleveland was descended from\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"158963\",\n \"text\": \"warmed to her beauty and warm personality. The Clevelands had five children: Ruth (1891–1904), Esther (1893–1980), Marion (1895–1977), Richard (1897–1974), and Francis Grover (1903–1995). British philosopher Philippa Foot was their granddaughter. Cleveland also claimed paternity of an additional child named Oscar Folsom Cleveland with Maria Croft Halpin who claimed the child was a product of rape. During his first term, Cleveland successfully nominated two justices to the Supreme Court of the United States. The first, Lucius Q. C. Lamar, was a former Mississippi Senator who served in Cleveland's Cabinet as Interior Secretary. When William Burnham Woods died, Cleveland nominated Lamar\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6360713\",\n \"text\": \"fieldhouse, baseball field, summer concert activities, playground, fishing, jogging walkways, picnic grove, and ice skating. Grover Cleveland Park Grover Cleveland Park, the seventh-largest park in the Essex County, New Jersey, USA, county-park system, is a heavily wooded park covering in the western section of Essex County along the Caldwell-Essex Fells border. The park was conceived with a formal design with manicured lawns, well-spaced large trees, and of waterways, including Pine Brook Creek, which runs through the park feeding a small pond at the lower end. A small footbridge at the far end of the pond was the location of a\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Park\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6360711\",\n \"text\": \"Grover Cleveland Park Grover Cleveland Park, the seventh-largest park in the Essex County, New Jersey, USA, county-park system, is a heavily wooded park covering in the western section of Essex County along the Caldwell-Essex Fells border. The park was conceived with a formal design with manicured lawns, well-spaced large trees, and of waterways, including Pine Brook Creek, which runs through the park feeding a small pond at the lower end. A small footbridge at the far end of the pond was the location of a one-time sawmill. Several foot bridges connect the two areas of the park divided by the\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Park\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"158918\",\n \"text\": \"The experience was valuable and brief, and the living conditions quite austere. Grover returned to Clinton and his schooling at the completion of the apprentice contract. In 1853, when missionary work began to take a toll on his health, Cleveland's father took an assignment in Holland Patent, New York (near Utica) and the family moved again. Shortly after, he died from a gastric ulcer, with Grover reputedly hearing of his father's death from a boy selling newspapers. Cleveland received his elementary education at the Fayetteville Academy and the Clinton Liberal Academy. After his father died in 1853, he again left\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16101837\",\n \"text\": \"seniors graduated in 2011. From 2011 until June 2013, the building was renovated and re-opened to students at International Preparatory School and the new STAR Academy in Fall 2013. \\\"Previous assignment and reasons for departure listed in parentheses\\\" \\\"Previous assignment and reasons for departure listed in parentheses\\\" <nowiki>*</nowiki>Denotes interim appointment Grover Cleveland High School (Buffalo, New York) Grover Cleveland High School was a high school located in Buffalo, New York. It is named for former U.S. President and Buffalo mayor Grover Cleveland and generally housed students from Grades 9 - 12, teaching according to the Board of Regents. Currently, the\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland High School (Buffalo, New York)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"158914\",\n \"text\": \"to Free Silver alienated the agrarian wing of the Democratic Party. Critics complained that Cleveland had little imagination and seemed overwhelmed by the nation's economic disasters—depressions and strikes—in his second term. Even so, his reputation for probity and good character survived the troubles of his second term. Biographer Allan Nevins wrote, \\\"[I]n Grover Cleveland, the greatness lies in typical rather than unusual qualities. He had no endowments that thousands of men do not have. He possessed honesty, courage, firmness, independence, and common sense. But he possessed them to a degree other men do not.\\\" By the end of his second\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12107007\",\n \"text\": \"of Amherst is a (from the back tees), par 72 Donald J. Ross, ASGCA designed golf course also opened in 1926. The course rating is 71.8 and it has a slope rating of 127 on Bent grass. Timothy P. Minahan, CCM manages the course as the General Manager. The clubhouse, which overlooks the eighteenth green, was designed by Duane Lyman and opened in 1927. Grover Cleveland Golf Course The Grover Cleveland Golf Course is a historic golf course located in Buffalo, New York that hosted the 1912 U.S. Open that was founded as The Country Club of Buffalo. It is\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Golf Course\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12107002\",\n \"text\": \"Grover Cleveland Golf Course The Grover Cleveland Golf Course is a historic golf course located in Buffalo, New York that hosted the 1912 U.S. Open that was founded as The Country Club of Buffalo. It is one of two courses owned by Erie County. The golf course is located at 3781 Main Street. The 18-hole course is (from the back tees) and is a par 69. It has a course rating of 65.5 and a slope rating of 102. The course was founded as The Country Club of Buffalo on February 11, 1889 and was originally located at the intersection\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Golf Course\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12951684\",\n \"text\": \"vice presidency.) Chief Justice Morrison R. Waite administered the presidential oath of office, and Cleveland held a Bible given to him at age 15 by his mother as he recited it. Cleveland's second inauguration took place eight years after the first, as his two terms in office were not consecutive. He is the only U.S. president to serve non-consecutive terms. First inauguration of Grover Cleveland The first inauguration of Grover Cleveland as the 22nd President of the United States was held on Wednesday, March 4, 1885, at the eastern portico of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.. The inauguration\",\n \"title\": \"First inauguration of Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20347988\",\n \"text\": \"St. John took some votes in New York from Blaine. After the election, Blaine attributed his loss in New York to the bad weather as well as to Samuel Burchard's gaffe; without these factors, Blaine believed that he would have won New York by 10,000 votes (and thus won the U.S. Presidency). Overall, 1884 was the first time in 28 years—specifically since before the American Civil War—that the Democrats won an election for the U.S. Presidency. Grover Cleveland 1884 presidential campaign The 1884 election was the first Presidential campaign in which Grover Cleveland participated and the first of two nonconsecutive\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland 1884 presidential campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17348824\",\n \"text\": \"by narrowly winning New York (Cleveland's home state) and Indiana (Harrison's home state) (both of which voted for Cleveland in 1884). Cleveland was hurt in New York (which he lost by 1.09%) by Tammany Hall's (and its \\\"Boss\\\" Richard Croker's) lukewarm support for him. Cleveland came very close to losing Connecticut, West Virginia, and the ex-Confederate state of Virginia to Harrison as well. Democratic Vice Presidential nominee Thurman's home state of Ohio also narrowly went for Harrison in 1888. Even though Benjamin Harrison won the 1888 U.S. Presidential election, outgoing U.S. President Grover Cleveland would eventually return to political life\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland 1888 presidential campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"158941\",\n \"text\": \"and \\\"there is not, and never was, a doubt as to the paternity of our child, and the attempt of Grover Cleveland, or his friends, to couple the name of Oscar Folsom, or any one else, with that boy, for that purpose is simply infamous and false.\\\" The electoral votes of closely contested New York, New Jersey, Indiana, and Connecticut would determine the election. In New York, the Tammany Democrats decided that they would gain more from supporting a Democrat they disliked than a Republican who would do nothing for them. Blaine hoped that he would have more support from\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16101836\",\n \"text\": \"renovated in 1959, where an addition was built onto the northern end of the school that contained classrooms, a swimming pool, and a new gymnasium. During the 1970s, Grover was designated as the school to serve foreign language-speaking students within the City of Buffalo. In 2007, the building began housing two schools, Grover Cleveland High School, and the International Preparatory School, a math and science magnet affiliated with the College Board. In 2010, Grover Cleveland High School was closed to new due to low graduation rates and increasing incidents of student violence and possession of weapons. The final class of\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland High School (Buffalo, New York)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2254609\",\n \"text\": \"and pitch another shutout.\\\" -Ty Cobb Alexander was the subject of the 1952 biographical film \\\"The Winning Team\\\", portrayed by Ronald Reagan. Baseball commentator Bill James called the film \\\"an awful movie, a \\\"Reader's Digest\\\" movie, reducing the events of Alexander's life to a cliché.\\\" Despite James's opinion, the film earned an estimated $1.7 million at the North American box office in 1952. Alexander has the unique distinction of being named after one U.S. president and being played on-screen by another. Since he played before the Phillies adopted uniform numbers, the block-letter \\\"P\\\" from the 1915 season uniforms was retired\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Alexander\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17348825\",\n \"text\": \"in a couple of years and challenge Harrison again for the U.S. Presidency in 1892. Grover Cleveland 1888 presidential campaign President of the United States Grover Cleveland's first term (1885-1889) was most notable \\\"for its record number of vetoes (414), more than double the number issued by all his predecessors combined.\\\" During Cleveland's first term, controlling Congressional and wasteful spending was an important priority for him and his administration. Cleveland's vetoes (and other moves, such as issuing \\\"an executive order [which was later rescinded] directing the return of captured Confederate battle standards to their home states\\\") angered the Grand Army\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland 1888 presidential campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17348818\",\n \"text\": \"Grover Cleveland 1888 presidential campaign President of the United States Grover Cleveland's first term (1885-1889) was most notable \\\"for its record number of vetoes (414), more than double the number issued by all his predecessors combined.\\\" During Cleveland's first term, controlling Congressional and wasteful spending was an important priority for him and his administration. Cleveland's vetoes (and other moves, such as issuing \\\"an executive order [which was later rescinded] directing the return of captured Confederate battle standards to their home states\\\") angered the Grand Army of the Republic (GAR), a powerful organization advocating for Union veterans. In his State of\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland 1888 presidential campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2254602\",\n \"text\": \"seventh inning after starter Jesse Haines developed a blister, with the Cardinals ahead 3–2, the bases loaded and two out. Facing Yankee slugger Tony Lazzeri, Alexander struck him out and then held the Yankees scoreless for two more innings to preserve the win and give St. Louis the championship. The final out of the 7th game was made when Babe Ruth tried to steal second base. He had one last 20-win season for the Cardinals in 1927, but his continued drinking finally did him in. He left major league baseball after a brief return to the Phillies in 1930, and\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Alexander\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19919789\",\n \"text\": \"Grover (given name) Grover is a masculine given name. Grover first became popular as a given name in the United States during the presidencies of Grover Cleveland, in part of a long-standing American trend of naming babies after presidents. Cleveland's official first name was Stephen; he was named after Stephen Grover, a former minister at the church his parents attended. However, from childhood, Cleveland's friends addressed him by his middle name instead, and so what was originally the surname Grover became a given name. According to Social Security Administration data, the name Grover increased in frequency by 850 per 100,000\",\n \"title\": \"Grover (given name)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6360712\",\n \"text\": \"stream. The park was acquired between 1913 and 1916 and is named after President Grover Cleveland who was born in Caldwell, and was the 22nd and 24th President of the United States. The Olmsted Brothers were asked to create a plan for recreation use of most of the park area. By the summer of 1914, development of recreation facilities — including tennis courts, baseball fields, a playground, sand court, wading pool, and a shelter house to service these facilities — was underway, with improvements completed for public use by 1916. Park features include lighted tennis courts, shuffleboard courts, horseshoe pitches,\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Park\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20347982\",\n \"text\": \"as \\\"Grover the Good\\\") emerged as the front-runner for the Democrats. As Governor, Cleveland was notable for implementing civil service reform in New York as well as for preserving Niagara Falls as a state park. In addition, Cleveland's position on the tariff issue was unclear—thus allowing him to appeal to both high tariff supporters and low tariff supporters. Plus, the fact that he was from a swing state (New York) further strengthened Cleveland's appeal among Democrats. Finally, Cleveland won a lot of support for cutting off the patronage of the corrupt New York City political machine known as Tammany Hall\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland 1884 presidential campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2254601\",\n \"text\": \"the reason for the sale was, \\\"The Cubs finished last year and if they finish last again, I'd rather it be without [Alexander].\\\" The Cardinals won the National League pennant that year and met the New York Yankees in the World Series, where Alexander pitched complete game victories in Games 2 and 6. According to teammate Bob O'Farrell in \\\"The Glory of Their Times\\\", after the game six victory, Alexander got drunk that night and was still feeling the effects when he was sent out to pitch the next day in Game 7. Alexander came to the game in the\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Alexander\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1172814\",\n \"text\": \"of Historic Places in 2011. Many other prominent names dominate the makeup of Grover and are listed repeatedly in reference level books of the Cleveland County Library System, families like Herndon, Hambright (Hambrecht), Hamrick, Rountree, Keeter, Graham, Cleaveland, Cleveland, Scruggs, and Goforth. Within the history of Grover - it is often confused with President Grover Cleveland versus Benjamin Cleveland and where the names came from. Although, each Cleveland are related - going back to Amos Cleveland, of Massachusetts and Cleveland, Ohio. Grover is in the process of restoring itself to a town with a 'turn-of-the-century look and feel'. Its train\",\n \"title\": \"Grover, North Carolina\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"158961\",\n \"text\": \"in eighteen companies of Army troops to enforce the treaties and ordered General Philip Sheridan, at the time Commanding General of the U. S. Army, to investigate the matter. Cleveland entered the White House as a bachelor, and his sister Rose Cleveland joined him, to act as hostess for the first two years of his administration. Unlike the previous bachelor president James Buchanan, Cleveland did not remain a bachelor for long. In 1885 the daughter of Cleveland's friend Oscar Folsom visited him in Washington. Frances Folsom was a student at Wells College. When she returned to school, President Cleveland received\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4882254\",\n \"text\": \"as \\\"Susie\\\" says: \\\"OK, stop. I feel like I'm watching regional theatre, you guys. God! Am I in the Cleveland Playhouse or something? Your craft is a muscle, you need to exercise it. Take a break; think about what you've done.\\\" Filmmaker David Wain explained, \\\"The joke was that in saying how bad these campers are, she compares them to a truly respected theater company. I figured why not make a reference to my hometown?\\\" Cleveland Play House Cleveland Play House (CPH) is a professional regional theater company located in Cleveland, Ohio. It was founded in 1915 and built its\",\n \"title\": \"Cleveland Play House\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1172806\",\n \"text\": \"Grover, North Carolina Grover is a town in Cleveland County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 708 at the 2010 census. Grover is classified as a small town where railway and highway routes Interstate 85 and U.S. Highway 29 cross the state line between North Carolina and South Carolina. It was previously named Whitaker and legally was in South Carolina. The name change to Grover in 1885 was in honor of President Grover Cleveland. Gingerbread Row, (Cleveland Avenue - NC Highway 216) has an antique look with many restored homes in beautiful colors. A railroad-dominated town started when the\",\n \"title\": \"Grover, North Carolina\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2254603\",\n \"text\": \"pitched for the House of David until 1940. Alexander was a good fielding pitcher for his era, committing only 25 errors in 1,633 total chances for a career .985 fielding percentage. He was an above average hitter, accumulating 378 hits in 1,810 at-bats for a .209 batting average with 11 home runs and 163 RBI in a 20-year career. Alexander attended game three of the 1950 World Series at Yankee Stadium where he saw the Phillies lose to the Yankees. He died less than a month later, on November 4 in St. Paul, Nebraska, at the age of 63. Alexander's\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Alexander\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17348820\",\n \"text\": \"tariffs and tariff reform. Cleveland went into the 1888 U.S. Presidential election as the first Democratic Presidential nominee to be re-nominated since Martin Van Buren in 1840, almost half a century earlier. The respected former U.S. Senator Allen G. Thurman (from the electoral vote-rich state of Ohio) was picked as Grover Cleveland's Vice Presidential running mate, since Cleveland's previous Vice President (Thomas A. Hendricks) died three years earlier, in November 1885. The Republican Party nominated former U.S. Senator Benjamin Harrison (from the swing state of Indiana) to run against Cleveland in 1888 after 1884 Republican Presidential nominee James G. Blaine\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland 1888 presidential campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5753826\",\n \"text\": \"album, \\\"Definitive Collection\\\", which reached number 1 in the UK Albums Chart in 2005. Paper Lace included this song on their 1974 album, \\\"Paper Lace\\\". I Did What I Did for Maria \\\"I Did What I Did for Maria\\\" is a song recorded by English singer Tony Christie. It was written and produced by Mitch Murray and Peter Callander, who were also responsible for Christie's \\\"Las Vegas\\\" and \\\"Avenues and Alleyways\\\". The song is about a widower who, on the eve of his execution, recalls how he remorselessly avenged his dead wife, hence the title. It was a number 2\",\n \"title\": \"I Did What I Did for Maria\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5753825\",\n \"text\": \"I Did What I Did for Maria \\\"I Did What I Did for Maria\\\" is a song recorded by English singer Tony Christie. It was written and produced by Mitch Murray and Peter Callander, who were also responsible for Christie's \\\"Las Vegas\\\" and \\\"Avenues and Alleyways\\\". The song is about a widower who, on the eve of his execution, recalls how he remorselessly avenged his dead wife, hence the title. It was a number 2 UK hit in June 1971, and was also a hit in Ireland, where it also reached number 2. The track later appeared on Christie's compilation\",\n \"title\": \"I Did What I Did for Maria\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19919790\",\n \"text\": \"births in the United States between November 1883 and November 1884 (the month when Cleveland won his first presidential election), and spiked again after he won the 1892 election. The name later declined in popularity, and was last one of the top one thousand names in the United States in the 1970s. One notable modern usage is for Grover the Muppet on the television show \\\"Sesame Street\\\". Grover (given name) Grover is a masculine given name. Grover first became popular as a given name in the United States during the presidencies of Grover Cleveland, in part of a long-standing American\",\n \"title\": \"Grover (given name)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2254599\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"I needed the money\\\". Alexander was drafted and one month before shipping out, he married Amy Marie Arrants on May 31 in a courthouse ceremony in Manhattan, Kansas (the couple divorced in 1929, remarried in 1931, and divorced again in 1941). Alexander spent most of the season in France as a sergeant with the 342nd Field Artillery. While he was serving in France, he was exposed to German mustard gas and a shell exploded near him, causing partial hearing loss and triggering the onset of epilepsy. Following his return from the war, Alexander suffered from shell shock and was plagued\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Alexander\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8401121\",\n \"text\": \"Grover Loening Grover Cleveland Loening (September 12, 1888 – February 29, 1976) was an American aircraft manufacturer. Loening was born in Bremen, in what was then Imperial Germany, on September 12, 1888, while his American-born father was stationed there as U.S. Consul. He graduated from Columbia University in New York City, where he was awarded the first-ever degree in Aeronautical Engineering. Following graduation, he joined the Queen Aeroplane Company in New York, managed the Wright Company factory in Dayton, Ohio for Orville Wright in 1913 and 1914, published a book, \\\"Military Airplanes\\\", and became Vice President of the Sturtevant Aeroplane\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Loening\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2254600\",\n \"text\": \"with epileptic seizures, which only exacerbated his drinking problem. Although people often misinterpreted his seizure-related problems as drunkenness, Alexander hit the bottle particularly hard as a result of the physical and emotional injuries inflicted by the war, which plagued him to his grave. In spite of all this, Alexander gave Chicago several successful years and won another pitching triple crown in 1920. Tiring of his increasing drunkenness and insubordination that was often directly related to his epilepsy, the Cubs sold him to the Cardinals in the middle of the 1926 season for the waiver price. Then-Cubs manager, Joe McCarthy stated\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Alexander\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"158932\",\n \"text\": \"were widely denounced. Cleveland, however, saw the bill as unjust—Gould had taken over the railroads when they were failing and had made the system solvent again. Moreover, Cleveland believed that altering Gould's franchise would violate the Contract Clause of the federal Constitution. Despite the initial popularity of the fare-reduction bill, the newspapers praised Cleveland's veto. Theodore Roosevelt, then a member of the Assembly, had reluctantly voted for the bill to which Cleveland objected, in a desire to punish the unscrupulous railroad barons. After the veto, Roosevelt reversed himself, as did many legislators, and the veto was sustained. Cleveland's defiance of\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"158991\",\n \"text\": \"but instead an \\\"epithelioma\\\". Cleveland decided to have surgery secretly, to avoid further panic that might worsen the financial depression. The surgery occurred on July 1, to give Cleveland time to make a full recovery in time for the upcoming Congressional session. Under the guise of a vacation cruise, Cleveland and his surgeon, Dr. Joseph Bryant, left for New York. The surgeons operated aboard the \\\"Oneida\\\", a yacht owned by Cleveland's friend E. C. Benedict, as it sailed off Long Island. The surgery was conducted through the President's mouth, to avoid any scars or other signs of surgery. The team,\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1172809\",\n \"text\": \"Frederick Hambright (Hambrecht). Grover also hosts a former White House Chef and manager of the Presidential resort and conference center Camp David, Martin CJ Mongiello, who lives there . Grover is a part of Cleveland County, North Carolina. The county is named after Colonel Benjamin Cleveland (Cleaveland - Thorkil de Cleveland of Cleveland County York, England in the year 1066) - of the King's Mountain battle - a companion of Colonel Frederick Hambright (with his son John by his side) during the Revolutionary War. Grover holds as many North Carolina Official Historical Markers as the county seat of Shelby. It\",\n \"title\": \"Grover, North Carolina\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7978729\",\n \"text\": \"Antoni Grover Antoni Grover (born 11 March 1980) is an Australian rules footballer who played as a defender for the Fremantle Football Club. After being elevated from the rookie list in 1999, he made his debut in round 21 against the Sydney Swans. After this he became an important and consistent performer in his defence, and also had good marking abilities (finishing fifth in the team for general and contested marks in 2005). In round 4, 2003, Antoni Grover was one of seven indigenous players to represent Fremantle, the most ever to play in a single AFL team. The other\",\n \"title\": \"Antoni Grover\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14666091\",\n \"text\": \"Grover Washabaugh Grover Cleveland \\\"Pappy\\\" Washabaugh (September 21, 1892 – March 16, 1973) was an American football and basketball coach. He served as the head football coach at Westminster College from 1937 to 1942, during which time he compiled a 16–26–6 record, and the head basketball coach from 1937 to 1956, during which time he compiled a 296–129 record. Washabaugh's first coaching experience came at Woodlawn High School in Aliquippa, Pennsylvania, where he mentored the basketball team and taught physical education. He then coached at South Hills High School for four years before moving on to South Side High School\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Washabaugh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12107006\",\n \"text\": \"York. When the Club moved to its present location in Amherst, the existing site was renamed Grover Cleveland Park to honor the former Mayor of Buffalo, Governor of New York, and President of the United States. It was at this time, that the Main St. property was rezoned from being part of Amherst, NY to becoming part of Buffalo, NY. The present course has hosted the U.S. Women's Amateur in 1931, the Curtis Cup in 1950, the Carling Cup Matches in 1960, and the National Junior Girls Championship in 1962. The transported Country Club of Buffalo, located in the Town\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Golf Course\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8401124\",\n \"text\": \"other inductees in the Hall of Fame's portrait gallery within the San Diego Air and Space Museum. He is a 1976 recipient of the Langley Gold Medal from the Smithsonian Institution. He died on February 29, 1976, in Coconut Grove, Florida. Grover Loening Grover Cleveland Loening (September 12, 1888 – February 29, 1976) was an American aircraft manufacturer. Loening was born in Bremen, in what was then Imperial Germany, on September 12, 1888, while his American-born father was stationed there as U.S. Consul. He graduated from Columbia University in New York City, where he was awarded the first-ever degree in\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Loening\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20347981\",\n \"text\": \"incumbent Stalwart U.S. President Chester A. Arthur's attempt at renomination. In Arthur's place, Blaine himself was nominated as the Republican Party candidate for President in 1884. Meanwhile, U.S. Senator and former general John A. Logan was selected as Blaine's running mate after Robert Todd Lincoln withdrew his name from consideration. 1876 Democratic candidate and former New York Governor Samuel J. Tilden was initially the 1884 front-runner for the Democrats. Due to his poor health, however, Tilden withdrew his name from consideration for the 1884 Democratic nomination. After Tilden's withdrawal, then-current New York Governor and former Buffalo Mayor Grover Cleveland (known\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland 1884 presidential campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2254607\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Alec\\\", and on occasions when he succeeded in grand fashion (as with the 1926 World Series), they would call him \\\"Alexander the Great\\\". So dominant was he during the 1920s that many players and writers of his era referred to him as \\\"the best pitcher to ever put on a pair of shoes\\\". The origin of the nickname \\\"Old Pete\\\" is something of a mystery. It is uncertain how frequently Alexander was publicly called by that nickname during his playing days. When he won his 373rd game on August 10, 1929, one newspaper had called him \\\"old Pete\\\", indicating that\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Alexander\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2254597\",\n \"text\": \"joined on the Phillies that year by catcher Bill Killefer, who went on to become Alexander's favorite receiver, catching 250 of his games. In his rookie year, Alexander led the league with 28 wins (a modern-day rookie record), 31 complete games, 367 innings pitched, and seven shutouts, while finishing second in strikeouts and fourth in ERA. From 1912 to 1921, Alexander led the league in ERA five times (1915–17, 1919, and 1920), wins five times (1914–17, 1920), innings six times (1912, 1914–17, 1920), strikeouts six times (1912, 1914–1917, 1920), complete games five times (1914–1917, 1920), and shutouts five times (1915,\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland Alexander\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1916620\",\n \"text\": \"Memphis Railroad (president), the Louisville and Nashville Railroad (president), and in the late 1880s the Central Rail Road and Banking Company of Georgia until 1891. Alexander became friends with Grover Cleveland and the two spent many hours hunting for ducks on Alexander's estate. In May 1897, President Cleveland appointed Alexander as the arbiter of the commission tasked with fixing and demarcating the boundary between the Republics of Nicaragua and Costa Rica, with a view towards the possible construction of an interoceanic canal to be dug across Central America. Alexander spent two years at the head of that commission, headquartered in\",\n \"title\": \"Edward Porter Alexander\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15145193\",\n \"text\": \"distances among homes. In the early 1890s the growing town was granted a post office, and the name was changed to \\\"Grover\\\" in honor of U.S. President Grover Cleveland. The Grover Irrigation Company organized in 1893 to build and manage structures for drawing and distributing water from Fish Creek Lake. The first school classes were held in the winter of 1892–1893, and the first log school/church/community building was built about 1900. In 1935, a new school building was built in Grover. A stuccoed log one-room school, the Grover School was built with funds and labor provided mainly by the Works\",\n \"title\": \"Grover, Utah\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1260038\",\n \"text\": \"Grover, Wyoming Grover is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lincoln County, Wyoming, United States. The population was 147 at the 2010 census. The first settlement at Grover was made in 1885. A post office called Grover has been in operation since 1889. The community was named after Grover Cleveland, 22nd and 24th President of the United States. Grover is located at (42.793051, -110.931862). It located in Star Valley, a grassland valley surrounded by forested mountains. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 0.9 square miles (2.2 km²), all of it land. As of\",\n \"title\": \"Grover, Wyoming\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"158992\",\n \"text\": \"sedating Cleveland with nitrous oxide and ether, successfully removed parts of his upper left jaw and hard palate. The size of the tumor and the extent of the operation left Cleveland's mouth disfigured. During another surgery, Cleveland was fitted with a hard rubber dental prosthesis that corrected his speech and restored his appearance. A cover story about the removal of two bad teeth kept the suspicious press placated. Even when a newspaper story appeared giving details of the actual operation, the participating surgeons discounted the severity of what transpired during Cleveland's vacation. In 1917, one of the surgeons present on\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20969680\",\n \"text\": \"predeceased by his wife in 1992. Cleveland died on November 8, 1995 in Wolfeboro, New Hampshire, at age 92. Francis Cleveland Francis Grover Cleveland (c. 1903 - November 8, 1995) was an American stage actor, director and producer. He was the co-founder of the Barnstormers Theatre, a theatre company in Tamworth, New Hampshire. His parents were President Grover Cleveland and First Lady Frances Folsom. Cleveland was born circa 1903 in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts. His father, Grover Cleveland, was the 22nd and 24th president of the United States; his mother, Frances Folsom, was First Lady. He had a brother, Richard, and\",\n \"title\": \"Francis Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20969678\",\n \"text\": \"Francis Cleveland Francis Grover Cleveland (c. 1903 - November 8, 1995) was an American stage actor, director and producer. He was the co-founder of the Barnstormers Theatre, a theatre company in Tamworth, New Hampshire. His parents were President Grover Cleveland and First Lady Frances Folsom. Cleveland was born circa 1903 in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts. His father, Grover Cleveland, was the 22nd and 24th president of the United States; his mother, Frances Folsom, was First Lady. He had a brother, Richard, and three sisters, including Ruth and Esther Cleveland was educated at the Phillips Exeter Academy. He graduated from Harvard University.\",\n \"title\": \"Francis Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10180756\",\n \"text\": \"The Winning Team The Winning Team is a 1952 biographical film directed by Lewis Seiler. It is a fictionalized biography of the life of major league pitcher Grover Cleveland Alexander (1887–1950) starring Ronald Reagan as Alexander, Doris Day as his wife, Aimee, and Frank Lovejoy as baseball star Rogers Hornsby. It includes his heroic performance in three games in the 1926 World Series against the New York Yankees, where the 7th inning strikeout of Tony Lazzeri is used as the game-ending, Series-winning pitch. The film earned an estimated $1.7 million at the North American box office in 1952. This movie\",\n \"title\": \"The Winning Team\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1172811\",\n \"text\": \"War). This portion of history affected local matters. A German bachelor, Grover Cleveland, was ill at ease at first with all the comforts of the White House. \\\"I must go to dinner,\\\" he wrote to a friend, \\\"but I wish it was to eat a pickled herring, a Swiss cheese, and a chop at Louis' instead of the French stuff I shall find.\\\" He gained advance publicity and coverage as did the town of Grover. A portion of the original plan encompassed renaming the town after the President's first name to attain notice. In June 1886, this predicament would be\",\n \"title\": \"Grover, North Carolina\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"158925\",\n \"text\": \"his term as sheriff ended, Cleveland returned to his law practice, opening a firm with his friends Lyman K. Bass and Wilson S. Bissell. Elected to Congress in 1872, Bass did not spend much time at the firm, but Cleveland and Bissell soon rose to the top of Buffalo's legal community. Up to that point, Cleveland's political career had been honorable and unexceptional. As biographer Allan Nevins wrote, \\\"Probably no man in the country, on March 4, 1881, had less thought than this limited, simple, sturdy attorney of Buffalo that four years later he would be standing in Washington and\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1172813\",\n \"text\": \"House Historical Society to The Inn of the Patriots, 301 Cleveland Avenue, Grover Cleveland, NC 28073. No such town exists in America. Cleveland Avenue (Route 226) runs through Grover - parallel to Main Street. Many Hambright's (Hambrecht's), Hamrick's and Herndon's lived on Cleveland Avenue. Today, the Shiloh Presbyterian Church (built in 1905) remains next to Doctor Alfred Hambright's (Hambrecht) home that was built after the Civil War. A statue was dedicated to Colonel Frederick Hambright (Hambrecht Prussian family) and US Marine Corporal, Clyde Furman Horton on July 1, 2008. The Shiloh Presbyterian Church Cemetery was listed on the National Register\",\n \"title\": \"Grover, North Carolina\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7578085\",\n \"text\": \"up: \\\"What Katy Did at School\\\" and \\\"What Katy Did Next\\\". Two further sequels relating the adventures of Katy's younger siblings were also published—\\\"Clover\\\" and \\\"In the High Valley\\\". The books were frequently reprinted and all are available online. Coolidge modeled Katy on her own childhood self, and the other 'Little Carrs' on her brothers and sisters. The title is a play on the katydid, a family of insects – which explains the insects on the first edition book cover. 12-year-old Katy Carr lives with her widowed father and her two brothers and three sisters in Burnet, a small midwestern\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"158972\",\n \"text\": \"president, they accepted the convention favorite. As a supporter of greenbacks and Free Silver to inflate the currency and alleviate economic distress in the rural districts, Stevenson balanced the otherwise hard-money, gold-standard ticket headed by Cleveland. The Republicans re-nominated President Harrison, making the 1892 election a rematch of the one four years earlier. Unlike the turbulent and controversial elections of 1876, 1884, and 1888, the 1892 election was, according to Cleveland biographer Allan Nevins, \\\"the cleanest, quietest, and most creditable in the memory of the post-war generation,\\\" in part because Harrison's wife, Caroline, was dying of tuberculosis. Harrison did not\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16052625\",\n \"text\": \"1932, serving as speaker from 1931 to 1932. He was a Republican. Grover C. Winn Grover Cleveland \\\"Ki\\\" Winn (January 3, 1886 – May 18, 1943) was an American lawyer, who served as speaker of the Alaska Territorial House of Representatives. Winn was born Grover Cleveland Winn in Wiota, Wisconsin in 1886. He received his law degree in 1910 from the University of Washington School of Law and practiced law in Juneau, Alaska. He also served of the Juneau School Board. His son, William, became a noted art dealer and critic in Juneau, Alaska. Winn died in 1943. Winn was\",\n \"title\": \"Grover C. Winn\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16052624\",\n \"text\": \"Grover C. Winn Grover Cleveland \\\"Ki\\\" Winn (January 3, 1886 – May 18, 1943) was an American lawyer, who served as speaker of the Alaska Territorial House of Representatives. Winn was born Grover Cleveland Winn in Wiota, Wisconsin in 1886. He received his law degree in 1910 from the University of Washington School of Law and practiced law in Juneau, Alaska. He also served of the Juneau School Board. His son, William, became a noted art dealer and critic in Juneau, Alaska. Winn died in 1943. Winn was a member of the Alaska Territorial House of Representatives from 1929 to\",\n \"title\": \"Grover C. Winn\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4882242\",\n \"text\": \"Play House and named Raymond O'Neil as the Director. Their initial productions were performed in a home donated by Cleveland industrialist Francis Drury located at East 85th and Euclid Avenue. O'Neil was a devotee of the artistic ideals of Edward Gordon Craig, and the Play House's earliest productions reflect this. The founders of the Play House were bohemians and suffragists, and were thus outsiders in conservative Cleveland society. As a result, the Play House in its early years performed for a select group of individuals interested in avant-garde art, rather than the larger community of Cleveland. The Play House was\",\n \"title\": \"Cleveland Play House\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17328934\",\n \"text\": \"the Wallace organization when he died in 1971. Library of Congress and WorldCat records nominally for the son (1915–1971) actually pertain to both Grover C. Halls and the family. Grover C. Hall Grover Cleveland Hall, Sr. (January 11, 1888 – 1941) was an American newspaper editor. At the \\\"Montgomery Advertiser\\\" in Montgomery, Alabama, he garnered national attention and won a Pulitzer Prize during the 1920s for his editorials that criticized the Ku Klux Klan. Hall was born in Haleburg, Alabama, near the Georgia and Florida borders, and educated in the state's country schools. Grover was ten in 1898, when his\",\n \"title\": \"Grover C. Hall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3980926\",\n \"text\": \"lived parallel lives in which it has been widely assumed that the latter was named for the former. The confection's creator, the Curtiss Candy Company, never admitted to what looks like an obvious connection – especially since Ruth hit 54 home runs the year before the first Baby Ruth was devoured. Had it done so, Curtiss would have had to compensate Ruth. Instead, it eventually insisted the inspiration was \\\"Baby Ruth\\\" Cleveland, the daughter of President Grover Cleveland. But it is an odd connection that makes one wonder at the marketing savvy of Otto Schnering, the company's founder.\\\" Ruth Cleveland\",\n \"title\": \"Ruth Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2695073\",\n \"text\": \"Grover Whalen Grover Aloysius Whalen (1886–1962) was a prominent politician, businessman, and public relations guru in New York City during the 1930s and 1940s. Whalen was born on July 2, 1886 in New York City. Whalen was the son of an Irish immigrant father and a French-Canadian mother, who named their son after President Grover Cleveland, who was married on the same day that their child was born. His father, Michael Whalen, was a successful trucking contractor and a Tammany Hall supporter. Grover Whalen attended DeWitt Clinton High School and afterwards studied law. He then joined the staff of John\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Whalen\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9335483\",\n \"text\": \"by two new TV commentators, Mark Zimmerman and Steve Bell, former A-League (USL-1) and MLS player. Bell also did play-by-play for three matches on Fox Soccer Channel. Cleveland City Stars Cleveland City Stars were an American professional soccer team based in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Founded in 2006, the team played in the USL First Division (USL-1), the second tier of the American Soccer Pyramid in 2009. The club folded soon after the 2009 season. The team played its home games at Bearcat Stadium (renamed Middlefield Cheese Stadium for sponsorship purposes) on the campus of Bedford High School in nearby\",\n \"title\": \"Cleveland City Stars\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20498890\",\n \"text\": \"Cynthia Eloise Cleveland Cynthia Eloise Cleveland (August 13, 1845 – April 1932) was an American lawyer, politician, writer, and temperance worker. She was the first woman lawyer admitted to the bar in the Dakota Territory. Cynthia Eloise Cleveland was born in Canton, New York, the daughter of Erin Cleveland and Laura Marsh Cleveland. She earned law degrees from Howard University in 1899 and 1900. She was described as a cousin or relative of President Grover Cleveland, though she admitted that the connection was distant and they did not know each other. In 1883 Cleveland was based in Pierre, South Dakota\",\n \"title\": \"Cynthia Eloise Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4882249\",\n \"text\": \"receive creative and administrative support from Cleveland Play House. The Unit meets regularly with members of the CPH artistic staff, where they read their works-in-progress and provide each other with feedback. Many of the plays developed in the Playwrights' Unit have been produced by Cleveland Play House, other Cleveland area theatres, and across the United States. Admission into the Playwrights' Unit is by invitation. Currently the CPH Playwrights' Unit consists of Eric Coble, Michael Geither, David Hansen, Margaret Lynch, Deborah Magid, Michael Oatman & Eric Schmiedl. Founded in 1996, the MFA program at Cleveland Play House is affiliated with Case\",\n \"title\": \"Cleveland Play House\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4882240\",\n \"text\": \"Cleveland Play House Cleveland Play House (CPH) is a professional regional theater company located in Cleveland, Ohio. It was founded in 1915 and built its own noted theater complex in 1927. Currently the company performs at the Allen Theatre in Playhouse Square where it has been based since 2011. Cleveland Play House is organized like most American theater companies, with a board of directors and a number of administrators. The Board of Directors is chaired by Janice E. Focke. The Artistic Director is Laura Kepley and the Managing Director is Kevin Moore. The theater's national directors are Alan Alda, Austin\",\n \"title\": \"Cleveland Play House\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"158971\",\n \"text\": \"pronouncements on the monetary issues made him a leading contender for the Democratic nomination. His leading opponent was David B. Hill, a Senator for New York. Hill united the anti-Cleveland elements of the Democratic party—silverites, protectionists, and Tammany Hall—but was unable to create a coalition large enough to deny Cleveland the nomination. Despite some desperate maneuvering by Hill, Cleveland was nominated on the first ballot at the convention in Chicago. For vice president, the Democrats chose to balance the ticket with Adlai E. Stevenson of Illinois, a silverite. Although the Cleveland forces preferred Isaac P. Gray of Indiana for vice\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"158943\",\n \"text\": \"for attending a banquet with some of New York City's wealthiest men. After the votes were counted, Cleveland narrowly won all four of the swing states, including New York by 1200 votes. While the popular vote total was close, with Cleveland winning by just one-quarter of a percent, the electoral votes gave Cleveland a majority of 219–182. Following the electoral victory, the \\\"Ma, Ma ...\\\" attack phrase gained a classic riposte: \\\"Gone to the White House. Ha! Ha! Ha!\\\" Soon after taking office, Cleveland was faced with the task of filling all the government jobs for which the president had\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"158924\",\n \"text\": \"biographer Rexford Tugwell described the time in office as a waste for Cleveland politically. Cleveland was aware of graft in the sheriff's office during his tenure and chose not to confront it. A notable incident of his term took place on September 6, 1872, when Patrick Morrissey was executed, who had been convicted of murdering his mother. As sheriff, Cleveland was responsible for either personally carrying out the execution or paying a deputy $10 to perform the task. In spite of reservations about the hanging, Cleveland executed Morrissey himself; he hanged another murderer, John Gaffney, on February 14, 1873. After\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7808745\",\n \"text\": \"offers many other clubs and extracurriculars. Clubs at Cleveland range from robotics to speech and debate. Cleveland is known throughout the city for its strong aquatics program. The swim team and water polo have won CIF championships numerous times. Other sports available at Cleveland are football, soccer, basketball, volleyball, cross country, track and field, and many more. Cleveland High School (Los Angeles) Grover Cleveland Charter High School is a public school serving grades 9-12. Cleveland Humanities Magnet is part of Cleveland Charter High School. The school is located in Reseda, in the San Fernando Valley of Los Angeles, California. Cleveland,\",\n \"title\": \"Cleveland High School (Los Angeles)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3994150\",\n \"text\": \"the band signed a deal with new label Modernist Movement. The album \\\"Atlas Drugged\\\" was released on February 9, 2010 via Modernist Movement Recordings. Atlas Drugged was also produced by Brian Virtue. Decibel magazine referred to the band in a review of Atlas Drugged, \\\"Look What I Did crush on political philosophers, put Latin words in their song titles and generally get off on being a bunch of wiseasses to spazzed-out Adderall punk.\\\". The album title is play on Ayn Rand's 1957 novel 'Atlas Shrugged' In 2013, Look What I Did began revealing songs set to be released on their\",\n \"title\": \"Look What I Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19865772\",\n \"text\": \"Richard F. Cleveland Richard Folsom \\\"Dick\\\" Cleveland (October 28, 1897 – January 10, 1974) was an American lawyer and civic leader who spent his career with the law firm of Semmes, Bowen & Semmes. He was the son of President Grover Cleveland. Whittaker Chambers considered him critical to successful outcome of the Hiss Case. Cleveland was born in Princeton, New Jersey, the eldest son of Grover Cleveland, the 22nd and 24th President of the United States, and Frances Folsom. He was born nearly eight months after the end of his father's second term, and was named for his grandfather, Richard\",\n \"title\": \"Richard F. Cleveland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18511202\",\n \"text\": \"Cleveland Pack. Despite changing owners and team name Marcus McIntosh finish the season with the same core of players. The Saints were mentioned as members of Supreme Indoor Football in 2016, and again in the Can-Am Indoor Football League in 2017, but did not play any games either year. \\\"Note: The finish, wins, losses, and ties columns list regular season results and exclude any postseason play.\\\" Cleveland Saints The Cleveland Saints were a professional indoor football team based in Warrensville Heights, Ohio. The Saints were members of American Indoor Football (AIF). The club was established in 2014 as an expansion\",\n \"title\": \"Cleveland Saints\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1187712\",\n \"text\": \"Grover Hill, Ohio Grover Hill is a village in Paulding County, Ohio, United States. The population was 402 at the 2010 census. The village is named after President Grover Cleveland. Grover Hill is located at . According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2010, there were 402 people, 159 households, and 110 families residing in the village. The population density was . There were 183 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the village was 98.5% White, 0.2% African American,\",\n \"title\": \"Grover Hill, Ohio\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17328927\",\n \"text\": \"Grover C. Hall Grover Cleveland Hall, Sr. (January 11, 1888 – 1941) was an American newspaper editor. At the \\\"Montgomery Advertiser\\\" in Montgomery, Alabama, he garnered national attention and won a Pulitzer Prize during the 1920s for his editorials that criticized the Ku Klux Klan. Hall was born in Haleburg, Alabama, near the Georgia and Florida borders, and educated in the state's country schools. Grover was ten in 1898, when his older brother William Theodore Hall started newspaper work in Dothan, Alabama, also in the southeastern corner of the state. W.T. Hall was editor of the Dothan \\\"Eagle\\\" from 1905\",\n \"title\": \"Grover C. Hall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1172818\",\n \"text\": \"income of $33,977 and females $25,769 for females. The per capita income was $16,132. About 13.5% of families and 12.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.8% of those under age 18 and 11.4% of those age 65 or over. There is one public elementary school, Grover Elementary, located in the town. Numerous, public, middle and high schools are located nearby in Kings Mountain, NC. Kings Mountain High School is the largest in the region and listed in America's Top 100 High Schools. Grover, North Carolina Grover is a town in Cleveland County, North Carolina, United States.\",\n \"title\": \"Grover, North Carolina\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["philadelphia phillies","chicago cubs"],"string":"[\n \"philadelphia phillies\",\n \"chicago cubs\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":396,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"what was christiaan barnard famous for?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"88193","text":"Fund for research into heart disease and heart transplants in Cape Town. His second autobiography, \"The Second Life\", was published in 1993, eight years before his death (). Apart from his autobiographies, Dr Barnard also wrote several other books including: Christiaan Barnard Christiaan Neethling Barnard (8 November 1922 – 2 September 2001) was a South African cardiac surgeon who performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant on 3 December 1967 at Groote Schuur Hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. Growing up in Beaufort West, Cape Province, he studied medicine and practised for several years in his native country. As a","title":"Christiaan Barnard"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88193\",\n \"text\": \"Fund for research into heart disease and heart transplants in Cape Town. His second autobiography, \\\"The Second Life\\\", was published in 1993, eight years before his death (). Apart from his autobiographies, Dr Barnard also wrote several other books including: Christiaan Barnard Christiaan Neethling Barnard (8 November 1922 – 2 September 2001) was a South African cardiac surgeon who performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant on 3 December 1967 at Groote Schuur Hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. Growing up in Beaufort West, Cape Province, he studied medicine and practised for several years in his native country. As a\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"88192","text":"divided the remainder of his years between Austria, where he established the Christiaan Barnard Foundation, dedicated to helping underprivileged children throughout the world, and his game farm in Beaufort West, South Africa. Christiaan Barnard died on 2 September 2001, while on holiday in Paphos, Cyprus. Early reports stated that he had died of a heart attack, but an autopsy showed his death was caused by a severe asthma attack. Christiaan Barnard wrote two autobiographies. His first book, \"One Life\", was published in 1969 () and sold copies worldwide. Some of the proceeds were used to set up the Chris Barnard","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88189","text":"in 1969, Barnard and his wife divorced. In 1970, he married heiress Barbara Zoellner when she was 19, the same age as his son, and they had two children — Frederick (born 1972) and Christiaan Jr. (born 1974). He divorced Zoellner in 1982. Barnard married for a third time in 1988 to Karin Setzkorn, a young model. They also had two children, Armin (born 1989) and Lara (born 1997), but this last marriage also ended in divorce in 2000. Barnard described in his autobiography \"The Second Life\" a one-night extramarital affair with Italian film star Gina Lollobrigida, that occurred in","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88164","text":"his hands which ended his surgical career. He became interested in anti-aging research, and in 1986 his reputation suffered when he promoted \"Glycel\", an expensive \"anti-aging\" skin cream, whose approval was withdrawn by the United States Food and Drug Administration soon thereafter. During his remaining years, he established the Christiaan Barnard Foundation, dedicated to helping underprivileged children throughout the world. He died in 2001 at the age of 78 after an asthma attack. Barnard grew up in Beaufort West, Cape Province, Union of South Africa. His father, Adam Barnard, was a minister in the Dutch Reformed Church. One of his","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88181","text":"he decided to modify Shumway and Lower's technique. Instead of cutting straight across the back of the atrial chambers of the donor heart, he would avoid damage to the septum and instead cut two small holes for the venae cavae and pulmonary veins. Prior to the transplant, rather than wait for Darvall's heart to stop beating, at his brother Marius Barnard's urging, Christiaan had injected potassium into her heart to paralyse it and render her technically dead by the whole-body standard. Twenty years later, Marius Barnard recounted, \"Chris stood there for a few moments, watching, then stood back and said,","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88170","text":"Barnard accepted even though he wanted to move onto something new. Simply by luck, whenever Barnard needed a break from this work, he could wander across the hall and talk with Vince Gott who ran the lab for open-heart surgery pioneer Walt Lillehei. Gott had begun to develop a technique of running blood backwards through the veins of the heart so Lillehei could more easily operate on the aortic valve (McRae writes, \"It was the type of inspired thinking that entranced Barnard\"). In March 1956, Gott asked Barnard to help him run the heart-lung machine for an operation. Shortly thereafter,","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88178","text":"stitching, and had very good hands in the theatre\". A popular myth, propagated principally by a widely discredited documentary film called \"Hidden Heart\" and an erroneous newspaper article , maintains incorrectly that Naki was present during the Washkansky transplant. Barnard performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant operation in the early morning hours of Sunday 3 December 1967. Louis Washkansky, a 54-year-old grocer who was suffering from diabetes and incurable heart disease, was the patient. Barnard was assisted by his brother Marius Barnard, as well as a team of thirty staff members. The operation lasted approximately five hours. Barnard stated","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88162","text":"he travelled to the United States and was initially assigned further gastrointestinal work by Owen Harding Wangensteen. He was introduced to the heart-lung machine, and Barnard was allowed to transfer to the service run by open heart surgery pioneer Walt Lillehei. Upon returning to South Africa in 1958, Barnard was appointed head of the Department of Experimental Surgery at the Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town. On 3 December 1967, Barnard transplanted the heart of Denise Darvall, who had just died from a head injury, into the chest of a 54-year-old Louis Washkansky. Washkansky regained full consciousness and lived for eighteen","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88182","text":"'It works.'\" Washkansky survived the operation and lived for 18 days, having succumbed to pneumonia as he was taking immunosuppressive drugs. Barnard and his patient received worldwide publicity. As a 2017 BBC retrospective article describes, \"Journalists and film crews flooded into Cape Town's Groote Schuur Hospital, soon making Barnard and Washkansky household names.\" Barnard himself was described as \"charismatic\" and \"photogenic.\" And the operation was initially reported as \"successful\" even though Washkansky only lived a further 18 days. Worldwide, approximately 100 transplants were performed by various doctors during 1968. However, only a third of these patients lived longer than three","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88169","text":"babies in Cape Town. This technique was also adapted by surgeons in Britain and the US. In addition, Barnard analyzed 259 cases of tubercular meningitis. Owen Wangensteen in Minnesota had been impressed by the work of Alan Thal, a young South African doctor working in Minnesota. He asked Groote Schuur Head of Medicine John Brock if he might recommend any similarly talented South Africans and Brock recommended Barnard. In December 1955, Barnard travelled to the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States, to begin a two-year scholarship under Chief of Surgery Wangensteen, who assigned Barnard more work on the intestines, which","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88172","text":"Surgery for a thesis titled \"The aortic valve – problems in the fabrication and testing of a prosthetic valve\". The same year he was awarded a Ph.D. for his dissertation titled \"The aetiology of congenital intestinal atresia\". Barnard described the two years he spent in the United States as \"the most fascinating time in my life.\" Upon returning to South Africa in 1958, Barnard was appointed head of the Department of Experimental Surgery at Groote Schuur hospital, as well as holding a joint post at the University of Cape Town. He was promoted to full-time lecturer and Director of Surgical","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88187","text":"his fame to campaign for a change in the law. Christiaan's brother, Marius Barnard, went into politics, and was elected to the legislature from Progressive Federal Party. Barnard later stated that the reason he never won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was probably because he was a \"white South African\". Shortly before his visit to Kenya in 1978, the following was written about his views regarding race relations in South Africa; \"While he believes in the participation of Africans in the political process of South Africa, he is opposed to a one-man-one-vote system in South Africa\". In answering","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88167","text":"from the University of Cape Town. In the same year he obtained a doctorate in medicine (MD) from the same university for a dissertation titled \"The treatment of tuberculous meningitis\". Soon after qualifying as a doctor, Barnard performed experiments on dogs investigating intestinal atresia, a birth defect which allows life-threatening gaps to develop in the intestines. He followed a medical hunch that this was caused by inadequate blood flow to the fetus. After nine months and forty-three attempts, Barnard was able to reproduce this condition in a fetus puppy by tying off some of the blood supply to a puppy's","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88190","text":"January 1968. During that visit to Rome he received an audience from Pope Paul VI. In October 2016, U.S. Congresswoman Ann McLane Kuster (D-NH) stated that Barnard sexually assaulted her when she was 23 years old. According to Kuster, he attempted to grope her under her skirt, while seated at a business luncheon with Rep. Pete McCloskey (R-CA), whom she worked for at the time. Barnard retired as Head of the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery in Cape Town in 1983 after developing rheumatoid arthritis in his hands which ended his surgical career. He had struggled with arthritis since 1956, when","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88176","text":"Kantrowitz had performed at Maimonides Medical Center in New York and about a sixth the number Norman Shumway had performed at Stanford University in California. Barnard had no dogs which had survived longer than ten days, unlike Kantrowitz and Shumway who had had dogs survive for more than a year. With the availability of new breakthroughs introduced by several pioneers, also including Richard Lower at the Medical College of Virginia, several surgical teams were in a position to prepare for a human heart transplant. Barnard had a patient willing to undergo the procedure, but as with other surgeons, he needed","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88165","text":"four brothers, Abraham, was a \"blue baby\" who died of a heart problem at the age of three (Barnard would later guess that it was tetralogy of Fallot). The family also experienced the loss of a daughter who was stillborn and who had been the fraternal twin of Barnard's older brother Johannes, who was twelve years older than Chris. Barnard matriculated from the Beaufort West High School in 1940, and went to study medicine at the University of Cape Town Medical School, where he obtained his MB ChB in 1945. His father served as a missionary to mixed-race peoples. His","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88186","text":"rejection of the transplanted heart by the patient's immune system. Barnard persisted until the advent of cyclosporine, an effective immunosuppressive drug, which helped revive the operation throughout the world. He also attempted xenotransplantation in a human patient, while attempting to save the life of a girl who was unable to leave artificial life support after her second aortic valve replacement. Barnard was an outspoken opponent of South Africa's laws of apartheid, and was not afraid to criticise his nation's government, although he had to temper his remarks to some extent to travel abroad. Rather than leaving his homeland, he used","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"16862901","text":"possession of all school records as well as the legal rights to the legacy of what once was The Barnard School for Boys. Barnard School for Boys The Barnard School for Boys was a college prep-school founded in 1886 by William Livingston Hazen. In 1920, Barnard moved to 246th Street and Cayuga Avenue in the Riverdale section of the Bronx of New York City, in the private, upper-class neighborhood of Fieldston, where grades 1 to 12 were in the main building, while the kindergarten was in a separate, smaller building called the Cottage School. It merged with the Horace Mann","title":"Barnard School for Boys"},{"psg_id":"88185","text":"the patient's diseased heart is left in place while the donor heart is added, essentially forming a \"double heart\". Barnard performed the first such heterotopic heart transplant in 1974. From November 1974 through December 1983, 49 consecutive heterotopic heart transplants on 43 patients were performed at Groote Schuur. The survival rate for patients at one year was over 60%, as compared to less than 40% with standard transplants, and the survival rate at five years was over 36% as compared to less than 20% with standard transplants. Many surgeons gave up cardiac transplantation due to poor results, often due to","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88191","text":"it was diagnosed during his postgraduate work in the United States. After retirement, he spent two years as the Scientist-In-Residence at the Oklahoma Transplantation Institute in the United States and as an acting consultant for various institutions. He had by this time become very interested in anti-aging research, and his reputation suffered in 1986 when he promoted \"Glycel\", an expensive \"anti-aging\" skin cream, whose approval was withdrawn by the United States Food and Drug Administration soon thereafter. He also spent time as a research advisor to the Clinique la Prairie, in Switzerland, where the controversial \"rejuvenation therapy\" was practised. Barnard","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88180","text":"came from a young woman, Denise Darvall, who had been rendered brain dead in an accident on 2 December 1967, while crossing a street in Cape Town. On examination at Groote Schuur hospital, Darvall had two serious fractures in her skull, with no electrical activity in her brain detected, and no sign of pain when ice water was poured into her ear. Coert Venter and Bertie Bosman requested permission from Darvall's father for Denise's heart to be used in the transplant attempt. The afternoon before his first transplant, Barnard dozed at his home while listening to music. When he awoke,","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88175","text":"the second kidney transplant in South Africa in October 1967, the first being done in Johannesburg the previous year. On 23 January 1964, James Hardy at the University of Mississippi Medical Center in Jackson, Mississippi, performed the world's first heart transplant and world's first cardiac xenotransplant by transplanting the heart of a chimpanzee into a desperately ill and dying man. This heart did beat in the patient's chest for approximately 60 to 90 minutes. The patient, Boyd Rush, died without ever regaining consciousness. Barnard had experimentally transplanted forty-eight hearts into dogs, which was about a fifth the number that Adrian","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88163","text":"days, even spending time with his wife, before he died of pneumonia, with the suppression of his immune system by the anti-rejection drugs being a major contributing factor. Barnard had told Mr. and Mrs. Washkansky that the operation had an 80% chance of success, a claim which has been criticised as misleading. Barnard's second transplant patient Philip Blaiberg, with the operation performed at the beginning of 1968, lived for nineteen months and was able to go home from the hospital. He retired as Head of the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery in Cape Town in 1983 after developing rheumatoid arthritis in","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88184","text":"lived longer than 18 months, with two of these four becoming long-term survivors. One patient lived for over thirteen years and another for over twenty-four years. Full recovery of donor heart function often takes place over hours or days, during which time considerable damage can occur. Other deaths to patients can occur from preexisting conditions. For example, in pulmonary hypertension the patient's right ventricle has often adapted to the higher pressure over time and, although diseased and hypertrophied, is often capable of maintaining circulation to the lungs. Barnard designed the idea of the heterotopic (or \"piggy back\" transplant) in which","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88179","text":"to Washkansky and his wife Ann Washkansky that the transplant had an 80% chance of success. This has been criticised by the ethicists Peter Singer and Helga Kuhse as making claims for chances of success to the patient and family which were \"unfounded\" and \"misleading\". Barnard later wrote, \"For a dying man it is not a difficult decision because he knows he is at the end. If a lion chases you to the bank of a river filled with crocodiles, you will leap into the water, convinced you have a chance to swim to the other side.\" The donor heart","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88188","text":"a hypothetical question on how he would solve the race problem were he a \"benevolent dictator in South Africa\", Barnard stated the following in a long interview at the Weekly Review: The interview ended with the following summary from he himself; \"I often say that, like King Lear, South Africa is a country more sinned against than sinning.\" Barnard's first marriage was to Aletta Gertruida Louw, a nurse, whom he married in 1948 while practising medicine in Ceres. The couple had two children — Deirdre (born 1950) and Andre (1951–1984). International fame took a toll on his personal life, and","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"88166","text":"mother, the former Maria Elisabeth de Swart, instilled in the surviving brothers the belief that they could do anything they set their minds to. Barnard did his internship and residency at the Groote Schuur Hospital in Cape Town, after which he worked as a general practitioner in Ceres, a rural town in the Cape Province. In 1951, he returned to Cape Town where he worked at the City Hospital as a Senior Resident Medical Officer, and in the Department of Medicine at the Groote Schuur Hospital as a registrar. He completed his master's degree, receiving Master of Medicine in 1953","title":"Christiaan Barnard"},{"psg_id":"524533","text":"Christiaan Huygens Christiaan Huygens ( ; ; ; 14 April 1629 – 8 July 1695) was a Dutch physicist, mathematician, astronomer and inventor, who is widely regarded as one of the greatest scientists of all time and a major figure in the scientific revolution. In physics, Huygens made groundbreaking contributions in optics and mechanics, while as an astronomer he is chiefly known for his studies of the rings of Saturn and the discovery of its moon Titan. As an inventor, he improved the design of the telescope with the invention of the Huygenian eyepiece. His most famous invention, however, was","title":"Christiaan Huygens"},{"psg_id":"16862896","text":"yearbook was the \"Barnard Bric\". During the first trimester of 1967 a group of Barnard School's core teaching staff—organized by a recent hire from the New York City Public school system—declared a strike. The teachers set up a picket line outside the school entrance refusing to teach their classes. And although they were unaffiliated with a larger teacher's union, sought economic parity with New York City Public School educators whose salaries were at that time, higher. The Barnard School administration was caught totally unprepared, labeling this action an illegal strike it sought to marshal what remaining teaching resources were available","title":"Barnard School for Boys"},{"psg_id":"6596860","text":"number of passengers, Barnard and a few others went out in a party to hunt for meat on the nearby New Island. During his absence, the British seized \"Nanina\" and left Barnard and his men on New Island. Barnard and his party were finally rescued by the British whalers \"Asp\" and \"Indispensable\" in November 1814. In 1829, Barnard wrote \"A Narrative of the Sufferings and Adventures of Capt. Charles Barnard\" detailing the happenings. Barnard Point on Livingston Island in Antarctica is named after him. Charles Barnard (castaway) Captain Charles Barnard (1781–c.1840) was a famous castaway. In 1812, the British ship","title":"Charles Barnard (castaway)"},{"psg_id":"16876651","text":"to be awarded. On 9 December 1929, he married Mrs. Melita Erna May. In 1930, he authored and published a book on flying – 'Barnard on Learning to Fly.' In October 1930, Barnard planned to join Charles Kingsford Smith on a record breaking flight to Australia, but Kingsford Smith made it a solo flight. In May 1932, in Popular Flying magazine, a story was written about CD Barnard titled 'My Most Thrilling Flight'. In 1935, C.D. Barnard was recorded on Lambert and Butler's 'Famous British Airmen and Airwomen' cigarette cards for his record flights. On 7 August 1971, Barnard died","title":"C. D. Barnard"},{"psg_id":"6596859","text":"Charles Barnard (castaway) Captain Charles Barnard (1781–c.1840) was a famous castaway. In 1812, the British ship \"Isabella\", captained by George Higton, was shipwrecked off Eagle Island (part of the Falkland Islands). Most of the crew were rescued by the American sealer \"Nanina\" which was built and operated out of the whaling port city of Hudson, NY, and commanded by Captain Charles Barnard. Barnard, realizing that the castaways were unaware of the War of 1812, informed the survivors that they were at war with each other, but agreed to rescue them. Realizing that he would require more provisions for the expanded","title":"Charles Barnard (castaway)"},{"psg_id":"1810706","text":"Christiaan Eijkman Christiaan Eijkman (; 11 August 1858 – 5 November 1930) was a Dutch physician and professor of physiology whose demonstration that beriberi is caused by poor diet led to the discovery of antineuritic vitamins (thiamine). Together with Sir Frederick Hopkins, he received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1929 for the discovery of vitamins. Christiaan Eijkman was born on 11 August 1858, at Nijkerk, Netherlands as the seventh child of Christiaan Eijkman, the headmaster of a local school, and Johanna Alida Pool. His elder brother Johann Frederik Eijkman (1851–1915) was also a chemist. A year later,","title":"Christiaan Eijkman"},{"psg_id":"20656147","text":"What Made America Famous? \"What Made America Famous?\" is a song written and performed by Harry Chapin. The song was included on his 1974 album, Verities & Balderdash. It has also been included on numerous posthumous compilation albums. The song inspired Chapin to write the award nominated Broadway musical, The Night That Made America Famous. The song shows a man, his girlfriend, and kids living in a rundown home. Eventually, a house fire starts, and they need rescue. It is continually asked in the song if anybody cares. It ends with the firefighters waiting to respond to \"let them sweat","title":"What Made America Famous?"},{"psg_id":"9692481","text":"What Made Milwaukee Famous (band) What Made Milwaukee Famous (WMMF) is an indie rock band from Austin, Texas. In 2005, WMMF performed for Austin City Limits with Franz Ferdinand, making them one of the only unsigned bands to play for the show in its 43-year history. In 2006, the band signed with Barsuk Records, which re-released their 2004 debut album, \"Trying to Never Catch Up\". Their second album, \"What Doesn't Kill Us\", was released on March 4, 2008. Since forming, the band has played at the South by Southwest music festival, the Austin City Limits Festival, and Lollapalooza. They have","title":"What Made Milwaukee Famous (band)"},{"psg_id":"20656148","text":"a little\", and the plumber ends up saving everyone in the home. They spend the night in the plumber's home and realize that heroes are people who you'd never suspect, or ever know. The song was inspired when Chapin himself lived in Point Lookout in Long Island during the 1960s. There was a suspicious fire in a low-income residence. Although it is unknown how the actual firefighters responded, he imagined that they responded like in the song. What Made America Famous? \"What Made America Famous?\" is a song written and performed by Harry Chapin. The song was included on his","title":"What Made America Famous?"},{"psg_id":"9692482","text":"opened for The Smashing Pumpkins, Arcade Fire, The Black Keys, and Snow Patrol. WMMF has been featured on spots in \"Billboard\" and Rolling Stone bands-to-watch lists. The band's name comes from Jerry Lee Lewis's \"What's Made Milwaukee Famous (Has Made a Loser Out of Me)\". What Made Milwaukee Famous (band) What Made Milwaukee Famous (WMMF) is an indie rock band from Austin, Texas. In 2005, WMMF performed for Austin City Limits with Franz Ferdinand, making them one of the only unsigned bands to play for the show in its 43-year history. In 2006, the band signed with Barsuk Records, which","title":"What Made Milwaukee Famous (band)"},{"psg_id":"16862892","text":"Barnard School for Boys The Barnard School for Boys was a college prep-school founded in 1886 by William Livingston Hazen. In 1920, Barnard moved to 246th Street and Cayuga Avenue in the Riverdale section of the Bronx of New York City, in the private, upper-class neighborhood of Fieldston, where grades 1 to 12 were in the main building, while the kindergarten was in a separate, smaller building called the Cottage School. It merged with the Horace Mann School in 1972, which first opened its doors in a small building on University Place in Greenwich Village in 1887. Both eventually moved","title":"Barnard School for Boys"},{"psg_id":"16862893","text":"to Riverdale (Horace Mann, 1914 Barnard, 1920) and were situated as neighbors separated by a dell and a wide tree lined street. Unlike most Prep Schools which started at the 7th or 9th grades, Barnard was Kindergarten-12. Barnard was an unusual combination of a formal, classical English-style curriculum, with the ambiance, interaction, and demeanor of progressive education. It was also unusual in that by the 1950s the religious composition of the school was about one-third each of Protestant, Catholic and Jewish. Barnard was a small school with only 25-40 students in each grade. Individual instructors typically had only 10-15 students","title":"Barnard School for Boys"},{"psg_id":"4869114","text":"Barnard Elliott Bee Jr. Barnard Elliott Bee Jr. (February 8, 1824 – July 22, 1861) was a career United States Army officer and a Confederate States Army general during the American Civil War. He was mortally wounded at the First Battle of Bull Run, one of the first general officers to be killed in the war. During that battle, he was responsible for inspiring the famous nickname for Brig. Gen. Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson. Bee was born in Charleston, South Carolina on February 8, 1824. He was the son of Barnard Elliott Bee Sr., and Ann Wragg Fayssoux, both of","title":"Barnard Elliott Bee Jr."},{"psg_id":"1149757","text":"Public Speaker Barnard Castle Barnard Castle is a market town in Teesdale, County Durham, England. It is named after the castle around which it was built. It is the main settlement in the Teesdale area, and is a popular tourist destination. The Bowes Museum has the best collection of European fine and decorative arts in the North of England, housed in a \"magnificent\" 19th-century French-style chateau. Its most famous exhibit is the 18th-century Silver Swan automaton, though art includes work by Goya and El Greco. Barnard Castle sits on the north bank of the River Tees, opposite Startforth and south-west","title":"Barnard Castle"},{"psg_id":"1149740","text":"Barnard Castle Barnard Castle is a market town in Teesdale, County Durham, England. It is named after the castle around which it was built. It is the main settlement in the Teesdale area, and is a popular tourist destination. The Bowes Museum has the best collection of European fine and decorative arts in the North of England, housed in a \"magnificent\" 19th-century French-style chateau. Its most famous exhibit is the 18th-century Silver Swan automaton, though art includes work by Goya and El Greco. Barnard Castle sits on the north bank of the River Tees, opposite Startforth and south-west of the","title":"Barnard Castle"},{"psg_id":"16862900","text":"the prestigious institution alive as \"The Horace Mann-Barnard School\" and carry its name forward would last as long as New York's statute allowing a restrictive covenant would permit. And so with the death of Barnard's last Headmaster, Gordon I. Newcombe, exactly twenty-one years to the day later, the name \"Horace Mann-Barnard\" reverted to Horace Mann. The Barnard School for Boys was relegated to history, the covenant that once ran with the very valuable land it occupied and physical plant that once housed the vision of the \"alma mater\" of Mr. Hazen and Mr. Raymond had lapsed. Horace Mann now has","title":"Barnard School for Boys"},{"psg_id":"15870637","text":"a woman. I’m doing the best stuff I’ve ever done now but you just do it because it feels good and that’s what you do.\"” \"Fortified\" was co-produced by Barnard and her then partner, Shane O'Mara, and recorded at their home studio Yikesville. Barnard commenced writing material for the album in 2003. \"Fortified\" featured various Melbourne musicians such as Lisa Miller (backing vocals), Tim Rogers (backing vocals), Peter Jones (drums), Michael Barker of the John Butler Trio (drums) and Snout’s Ross McLennan (bass). The album contains tracks penned by Barnard and co-writers including Dr. Rosemary Milne, who created the lyrics","title":"Rebecca Barnard"},{"psg_id":"8256819","text":"Barnard Hughes Bernard Aloysius Kiernan \"Barnard\" Hughes (July 16, 1915 – July 11, 2006) was an American actor of television, theater and film. Hughes became famous for a variety of roles; his most-notable roles came after middle age, and he was often cast as a dithering authority figure or grandfatherly elder. Hughes was born in Bedford Hills, New York, the son of Irish immigrants Marcella \"Madge\" (née Kiernan) and Owen Hughes. He attended La Salle Academy and Manhattan College in New York City. Hughes served in the United States Army during World War II. Hughes was married to actress Helen","title":"Barnard Hughes"},{"psg_id":"8256824","text":"He also made a memorable appearance as The King (with Jim Dale as The Duke) in the PBS mini-series \"Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Hughes also made recurring appearances on daytime dramas including \"Guiding Light\" and \"As the World Turns\" as well as a brief appearance as a private investigator in an early episode of \"Dark Shadows\". He also did voice-overs for television commercials advertising Kix cereal. Barnard Hughes Bernard Aloysius Kiernan \"Barnard\" Hughes (July 16, 1915 – July 11, 2006) was an American actor of television, theater and film. Hughes became famous for a variety of roles; his most-notable roles","title":"Barnard Hughes"},{"psg_id":"8656567","text":"Christiaan Kuyvenhoven Christiaan Kuyvenhoven (born 1985) is a Dutch pianist. In April 2005 Kuyvenhoven won Third Prize at the prestigious International Franz Liszt Piano Competition, which took place in Utrecht for the seventh time. By winning the prize, Kuyvenhoven became the first Dutch pianist in sixteen years to win a prize at the competition. As part of the prize, Christiaan Kuyvenhoven had numerous appearances as a concert pianist, both in and outside the Netherlands. In addition to concert engagements at all major Dutch concert halls, he was also invited to appear in Algeria, Germany, France, Trinidad & Tobago, Curaçao, Tunisia","title":"Christiaan Kuyvenhoven"},{"psg_id":"20755409","text":"HNLMS Christiaan Cornelis (1905) Christiaan Cornelis, initially called K 2, was a of the Dutch Koninklijke Marine. She saw action during World War II, however she was outdated by then and had lost most of her usefulness. \"Christiaan Cornelis\" was commissioned in to the \"Koninklijke Marine\" on 28 December 1905. When Germany invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940, \"Christiaan Cornelis\" was assigned to the \"Onderzoekings- en Bewakingsdienst Bovenrivieren\" (OBB). Together with and she was stationed in the Waal near Nijmegen. During 10 May \"Christiaan Cornelis\" and \"Cressy\" opened fire at the accommodation ship with their 3.7 cm guns after","title":"HNLMS Christiaan Cornelis (1905)"},{"psg_id":"17136400","text":"with whom he had children born in Batavia and Ternate. In 1719, Everard Kraeyvanger wrote a poem for Amaranta in consolation for the loss of two of her children in Batavia. His surviving son Diederik Christiaan would become mayor of Schiedam. Jacob Christiaan Pielat Jacques Christian or Jacob Christiaan Pielat (sometimes \"Pielaat\") (27 August 1692, Rotterdam – c. 3 August 1740, Loosduinen) was the 22nd Governor of Ceylon during the Dutch colonial time from 2 December 1732 until 27 January 1734. Pielat was the sixth child of Phinéas Pielat (1645–1700), a Protestant minister originally from the Principality of Orange, and","title":"Jacob Christiaan Pielat"},{"psg_id":"16862899","text":"well as on its students, especially those in the higher grades who were short changed on the quality of their education as they prepared more immediately for college admission. The Barnard School for Boys never quite recovered its momentum or reputation in the wake of the teachers strike. The Classes of '69 and '70 for instance, saw far fewer students receiving acceptances at Ivy League colleges. By the time Barnard merged with Horace Mann in 1972, it was struggling financially and for its own survival. The \"merger\" was in effect, a real estate transaction in which a covenant to keep","title":"Barnard School for Boys"},{"psg_id":"11417464","text":"Christiaan De Wilde Christiaan De Wilde is a Belgian businessman, and he is at present the Chief Executive Officer of the Belgian biotech company Innogenetics. Christiaan De Wilde in Accountancy at the \"Hogeschool Gent\" (BME) (Ghent) and obtained a degree in Taxation and a master's degree in Industrial Entrepreneurship, both at EHSAL (Brussels). In October 1988, he started his career at Johnson & Johnson, where he would stay for 17 years. From June 2000 until May 2005, he was Finance & Logistics Director for the Benelux and a member of the Board of Johnson & Johnson Medical BV (Netherlands). Until","title":"Christiaan De Wilde"},{"psg_id":"7697829","text":"Hignett scored. The goalkeeper, Richard Wright, as a result was sold to Arsenal for 7 million pounds. In the 1998–99 season, Barnard turned down a move to go to Southampton in November, on his first game after he declined the move he scored what possibly could be one of the all-time great goals for his club and himself, a left footed volley from the corner of the penalty area after a fine pass by Nicky Eaden. The goal was in Barnsley's 7–1 win over Yorkshire rivals Huddersfield Town on 27 November 1998, a game shown live on Sky Sports. Barnard","title":"Darren Barnard"},{"psg_id":"18736907","text":"declined as a result of increased asynchrony between breeding time and the date of the local food peak. He is mostly interested in how different organisms can respond with different mechanisms and speeds to the high rates of current climate change, and the consequences this has for trophic interactions. Christiaan Both (ecologist) Christiaan Both (born 12 December 1969) is a Dutch Associate professor of ecology at the University of Groningen. Christiaan Both was born in the Netherlands in 1969. From 1988 to 1993 he studied in various universities including Groningen, Oxford and Wageningen. In 1998 he graduated with a Ph.D.","title":"Christiaan Both (ecologist)"},{"psg_id":"18736904","text":"Christiaan Both (ecologist) Christiaan Both (born 12 December 1969) is a Dutch Associate professor of ecology at the University of Groningen. Christiaan Both was born in the Netherlands in 1969. From 1988 to 1993 he studied in various universities including Groningen, Oxford and Wageningen. In 1998 he graduated with a Ph.D. from the Netherlands Institute of Ecology and since that time worked as a postdoctoral researcher at Groningen, Bangor universities as well as University of California, Santa Cruz. In 2004 he joined Animal Ecology Group, a division of Groningen and three years later became Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research's fellow.","title":"Christiaan Both (ecologist)"},{"psg_id":"7697824","text":"cultured displays, the best of which came against Middlesbrough when he came up against Boro's right-back Curtis Fleming eventually leading to the Irishman's injuring Barnard with a cut to the shin. He scored his first goal for the club that day, in what was a 4–0 win, and could look back with pride on a record that season of eight starts resulting in five wins, two draws and just a single defeat. However, Barnard was restricted to only nine starts in 1993–94, primarily as a left-back. A mid table league campaign was compensated for by a run to the final","title":"Darren Barnard"},{"psg_id":"16389745","text":"to encourage the open sharing of knowledge and experience, it seeks to increase ties among diverse groups of women\". Catharine R. Stimson served as the chairwomen of the task force that created the Women's Center and was its first acting director. Jane S. Gould was appointed acting director in 1972 and permanent director in 1973. Since 1974, BCRW has hosted the annual Scholar and Feminist conference, including the 1982 Barnard Conference on Sexuality. Barnard Center for Research on Women The Barnard Center for Research on Women (BCRW) is a nexus of feminist thought, activism, and collaboration for scholars and activists.","title":"Barnard Center for Research on Women"},{"psg_id":"19003378","text":"Christiaan Jonker Christiaan Jonker (born 24 September 1986) is a South African cricketer who represents the South Africa national cricket team. He was included in the Border cricket team squad for the 2015 Africa T20 Cup. In August 2017, he was named in Jo'burg Giants' squad for the first season of the T20 Global League. However, in October 2017, Cricket South Africa initially postponed the tournament until November 2018, with it being cancelled soon after. On 3 June 2018, he was selected to play for the Edmonton Royals in the players' draft for the inaugural edition of the Global T20","title":"Christiaan Jonker"},{"psg_id":"43748","text":"divisions of Columbia University admitted women. Columbia president William J. McGill predicted in 1970 that Barnard College and Columbia College would merge within five years. In 1973 Columbia and Barnard signed a three-year agreement to increase sharing classrooms, facilities, and housing, and cooperation in faculty appointments, which they described as \"integration without assimilation\"; by the mid-1970s most Columbia dormitories were coed. The university's financial difficulties during the decade increased its desire to merge to end what Columbia described as the \"anachronism\" of single-sex education, but Barnard resisted doing so because of Columbia's large debt, rejecting in 1975 Columbia dean Peter","title":"Barnard College"},{"psg_id":"19003380","text":"was named in South Africa's One Day International (ODI) series against Zimbabwe. He made his ODI debut for South Africa against Zimbabwe on 30 September 2018. Christiaan Jonker Christiaan Jonker (born 24 September 1986) is a South African cricketer who represents the South Africa national cricket team. He was included in the Border cricket team squad for the 2015 Africa T20 Cup. In August 2017, he was named in Jo'burg Giants' squad for the first season of the T20 Global League. However, in October 2017, Cricket South Africa initially postponed the tournament until November 2018, with it being cancelled soon","title":"Christiaan Jonker"},{"psg_id":"18265042","text":"Christiaan Nagel Christiaan Nagel is a British street artist known for his oversized mushroom sculptures made from polyurethane which he places high up on buildings. They stretch as far as London, New York, Barcelona, Berlin, Cape Town, Los Angeles Nagel was born in South Africa and grew up in Durban. As a part of the Durban surfing community he participated as a member of this subculture of surf and skate for most of his life. Since his artistic beginnings, he attended art classes and one of his first accomplishments was ABSA Bank award for children that he was awarded when","title":"Christiaan Nagel"},{"psg_id":"13284220","text":"rugby. Christiaan Scholtz Christiaan Petrus Scholtz (born 22 October 1970 in Stutterheim) is a former South African rugby union player, who played centre and won four caps between 1994 and 1995 playing for the South Africa national rugby union team. He was nominated for Young Player of the Year in 1993. During his playing career, Scholtz was part of Currie Cup, Super 10, Nite Series and Lion Cup winning squads for Transvaal, and 1995 World Cup winning squad for South Africa. He also represented the British Barbarians. Scholtz started an antiques business in Melville with his wife Sonia after retiring","title":"Christiaan Scholtz"},{"psg_id":"13284219","text":"Christiaan Scholtz Christiaan Petrus Scholtz (born 22 October 1970 in Stutterheim) is a former South African rugby union player, who played centre and won four caps between 1994 and 1995 playing for the South Africa national rugby union team. He was nominated for Young Player of the Year in 1993. During his playing career, Scholtz was part of Currie Cup, Super 10, Nite Series and Lion Cup winning squads for Transvaal, and 1995 World Cup winning squad for South Africa. He also represented the British Barbarians. Scholtz started an antiques business in Melville with his wife Sonia after retiring from","title":"Christiaan Scholtz"},{"psg_id":"16389744","text":"Barnard Center for Research on Women The Barnard Center for Research on Women (BCRW) is a nexus of feminist thought, activism, and collaboration for scholars and activists. Since its founding in 1971, BCRW has promoted women's and social justice issues to its local communities at Barnard College and within New York City. It is a member organization of The National Council for Research on Women. The Women's Center opened in the fall of 1971. According to its founding charter, the aim of the Women's Center was, \"to assure that women can live and work in dignity, autonomy, and equality ...","title":"Barnard Center for Research on Women"},{"psg_id":"10854786","text":"refute the labor theory of value, which both the classic economists and Marx adhered to, was published. He died in 1942 in Domme. Christiaan Cornelissen Christiaan Gerardus Cornelissen (30 August 1864 – 21 January 1942) was a Dutch syndicalist writer, economist, and trade unionist. Cornelissen was the second of five children of Johannes Cornelissen, carpenter in Den Bosch, Noord Brabant, and Mechelina van Wijk. He became a primary school teacher in Middelburg, Zeeland. In the late 1880s he started working for \"Recht voor Allen\" (\"Justice for All\"), the organ of the Social Democratic League (in Dutch: Sociaal-Democratische Bond, SDB). Next","title":"Christiaan Cornelissen"},{"psg_id":"4363427","text":"them from his conception of cooperative systems. Barnard summarized the functions of the executive as follows: Barnard formulated two interesting theories: one of authority and the other of incentives. Both are seen in the context of a communication system grounded in seven essential rules: Thus, what makes a communication authoritative, rests with the subordinate, rather than with his superior. Barnard's perspective had affinities to that of Mary Parker Follett and was very unusual for his time, and that has remained the case down to the present day. He seemed to argue that managers should obtain authority by treating subordinates with","title":"Chester Barnard"},{"psg_id":"13537780","text":"Christiaan Bailey Christiaan \"Otter\" Bailey (born March 31, 1981, Santa Cruz, California), is an American professional surfer, known for his experience as a surf safari guide and skill as a big wave surfer and skateboarder. Bailey grew up in the Santa Cruz, California area and excelled as a semi-pro surfer and skateboarder. He and his family departed for France when he was young, where he attended the American School of Paris. Bailey moved back to Santa Cruz in the fall of 2003. He was a professional surfer and skateboarder, who spent much of his time in Central America and west","title":"Christiaan Bailey"},{"psg_id":"10854781","text":"Christiaan Cornelissen Christiaan Gerardus Cornelissen (30 August 1864 – 21 January 1942) was a Dutch syndicalist writer, economist, and trade unionist. Cornelissen was the second of five children of Johannes Cornelissen, carpenter in Den Bosch, Noord Brabant, and Mechelina van Wijk. He became a primary school teacher in Middelburg, Zeeland. In the late 1880s he started working for \"Recht voor Allen\" (\"Justice for All\"), the organ of the Social Democratic League (in Dutch: Sociaal-Democratische Bond, SDB). Next to Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis, he soon became a leader in the SDB, member of the central committee and head of the international secretariat.","title":"Christiaan Cornelissen"},{"psg_id":"524539","text":"the Christian faith of his upbringing. Although Huygens did not believe in such a supernatural being, he did hypothesize on the possibility of extraterrestrial life in his \"Cosmotheoros\", which was published shortly before his death in 1695. He speculated that extraterrestrial life was possible on planets similar to Earth and wrote that the availability of water in liquid form was a necessity for life. Christiaan Huygens was born on 14 April 1629 in The Hague, into a rich and influential Dutch family, the second son of Constantijn Huygens. Christiaan was named after his paternal grandfather. His mother was Suzanna van","title":"Christiaan Huygens"},{"psg_id":"2932175","text":"the 1954 federal election, Barnard was elected to the Division of Bass for the Labor Party. He defeated the sitting Liberal member Bruce Kekwick, who had defeated Claude Barnard for the seat in 1949. In 1967, Barnard became Deputy Leader of the Labor Party and when it won office under Whitlam in 1972 Barnard was Deputy Prime Minister.As Minister for Defence, Barnard personally ensured the recommendations of the Jess Committee and new Defense Force Retirements Benefits Scheme was implemented in 1972. For the first two weeks of Whitlam's government, before the full electoral result was known, Whitlam and Barnard formed","title":"Lance Barnard"},{"psg_id":"1810719","text":"foreign associate of the National Academy of Sciences in Washington. He was also honorary fellow of the Royal Sanitary Institute in London. To honor his dedication, the government of Indonesia named his research center on pathology and bacteriology the Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology. In 1883, before his departure to the Indies, Eijkman married Aaltje Wigeri van Edema, who died in 1886. In Batavia, Professor Eijkman married Bertha Julie Louise van der Kemp in 1888; a son, Pieter Hendrik, who became a physician, was born in 1890. Christiaan Eijkman Christiaan Eijkman (; 11 August 1858 – 5 November 1930) was","title":"Christiaan Eijkman"},{"psg_id":"15739429","text":"of museum ships belonging to the \"Nederlands Scheepvaartmuseum\" in Amsterdam. Christiaan Brunings Christiaan Brunings (Mannheim-Neckarau, 3 November 1736 – The Hague, 16 May 1805) was a Dutch hydraulic engineer. Brunings was the son of a preacher in Mannheim-Neckarau in Germany. After high school he attended the University of Heidelberg. He had to break off his studies for lack of money and found work in the vinegar works of his brother in the Netherlands. Here he met Jan Noppen (1706-1764), superintendent of the \"Hoogheemraadschap van Rijnland\" (Rijnland Water Board). He was Brunings' mentor and taught him music, mathematics, physics, astronomy and","title":"Christiaan Brunings"},{"psg_id":"15739425","text":"Christiaan Brunings Christiaan Brunings (Mannheim-Neckarau, 3 November 1736 – The Hague, 16 May 1805) was a Dutch hydraulic engineer. Brunings was the son of a preacher in Mannheim-Neckarau in Germany. After high school he attended the University of Heidelberg. He had to break off his studies for lack of money and found work in the vinegar works of his brother in the Netherlands. Here he met Jan Noppen (1706-1764), superintendent of the \"Hoogheemraadschap van Rijnland\" (Rijnland Water Board). He was Brunings' mentor and taught him music, mathematics, physics, astronomy and engineering. After the death of Noppen, Brunings succeeded him on","title":"Christiaan Brunings"},{"psg_id":"11417465","text":"August 2006, he was Finance & Logistics Director and a member of the Board of Janssen-Cilag Belgium NV. On 1 September 2006, he was appointed Chief Financial and Administration Officer of Innogenetics and on 15 October 2007, he became Executive Officer and a member of the Board. Christiaan De Wilde Christiaan De Wilde is a Belgian businessman, and he is at present the Chief Executive Officer of the Belgian biotech company Innogenetics. Christiaan De Wilde in Accountancy at the \"Hogeschool Gent\" (BME) (Ghent) and obtained a degree in Taxation and a master's degree in Industrial Entrepreneurship, both at EHSAL (Brussels).","title":"Christiaan De Wilde"},{"psg_id":"14212464","text":"Christiaan Roets Christiaan Roets is a Wales international rugby league footballer who plays as a or forward for the West Wales Raiders in Betfred League 1. He previously played for the Bridgend Blue Bulls in the Welsh rugby league competition, South Wales Scorpions in the Championship One, and started his rugby league career at Swansea Valley Miners. Roets was born in South Africa. He made his international début in the 2009 European Cup where he earned a \"Man of the Match\" performance, scoring three tries against the Serbians. He also featured in the European Cup Championship Final against Scotland scoring","title":"Christiaan Roets"},{"psg_id":"14212462","text":"Christiaan Roets Christiaan Roets is a Wales international rugby league footballer who plays as a or forward for the West Wales Raiders in Betfred League 1. He previously played for the Bridgend Blue Bulls in the Welsh rugby league competition, South Wales Scorpions in the Championship One, and started his rugby league career at Swansea Valley Miners. Roets was born in South Africa. He made his international début in the 2009 European Cup where he earned a \"Man of the Match\" performance, scoring three tries against the Serbians. He also featured in the European Cup Championship Final against Scotland scoring","title":"Christiaan Roets"},{"psg_id":"1074894","text":"Barnard, Kansas Barnard is a city in Lincoln County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 70. Barnard was first settled in 1888, and it was incorporated as a city in 1904. Barnard was named for J.F. Barnard, a railroad employee. Barnard is located at (39.189213, -98.043078). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all of it land. The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Barnard has a humid subtropical","title":"Barnard, Kansas"},{"psg_id":"14730093","text":"immediate rank of Lieutenant, he was head of an intelligence and escape network codenamed Sector 6-North-F (stretching from the neighbouring of Orchies to Lille) with HQ in Beuvry. Buisine codenamed agent 28/24 who was working under the authority of Belgian Officer Desmet was unaware of his commanding officer true idendity. Waiting to be alone with Buisine, here is what Lindemans had to say: In the following days, Buisine did learnt to his own disbelief that Freddi Desmet, SOE Captain of the Belgian army with an impeccable track record and Christiaan Lindemans, one of the leaders of the Communist group CS","title":"Christiaan Lindemans"},{"psg_id":"1074899","text":"family was $33,333. Males had a median income of $22,500 versus $17,917 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,329. There were 22.2% of families and 14.7% of the population living below the poverty line, including 25.0% of under eighteens and 18.5% of those over 64. Barnard is served by USD 298 Lincoln. Barnard schools were closed through school unification. The Barnard High School mascot was Cardinals. Barnard, Kansas Barnard is a city in Lincoln County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 70. Barnard was first settled in 1888, and it","title":"Barnard, Kansas"},{"psg_id":"18979360","text":"Carrying 1,290 troops, \"Christiaan Huygens\" sailed from Fremantle, Western Australia on 22 September with Convoy US 5, arriving at Suez, Egypt on 12 October. She sailed from Suez on 28 October 1940 as a member of Convoy SW 2A, which dispersed off Aden on 1 November. Her destination was Bombay, India. \"Christiaan Huygens\" departed from Bombay on 12 November with Convoy BN 8A, which arrived at Suez on 23 November. She then joined Convoy BN 9A, which sailed on 30 November and dispersed off her destination of Aden on 5 December. \"Christiaan Huygens\" then sailed to Colombo, Ceylon, from where","title":"MV Christiaan Huygens"},{"psg_id":"8656569","text":"years later he was named Young Musical Talent for 2000. In the same year, he had his debut with the Residentie Orkest under conductor Jaap van Zweden. In 2004 he became winner of the XII Concurso Internacional de Piano Maria Campina in Faro, Portugal. He studied with Michail Markov at the Twente Music School, the Van Zweden School of Music and Enschede Conservatory. Subsequently, he had masterclasses with, amongst others, Menahem Pressler, Jerome Rose, Ton Hartsuiker, Mitsuko Uchida, and Leslie Howard. Christiaan Kuyvenhoven Christiaan Kuyvenhoven (born 1985) is a Dutch pianist. In April 2005 Kuyvenhoven won Third Prize at the","title":"Christiaan Kuyvenhoven"},{"psg_id":"18542896","text":"Christiaan Heij Christiaan Heij (born 1950s) is a Dutch mathematician, Assistant Professor in statistics and econometrics at the Econometric Institute at the Erasmus University Rotterdam, known for his work in the field of mathematical systems theory, and econometrics. Heij did his phD research at the University of Groningen in the 1980s among other young system theorists, such as Hans Nieuwenhuis, Pieter Otter, Jan Camiel Willems, and Dirk T. Tempelaar. In 1988 he graduated under Willems, Professor of Systems and Control and Nieuwenhuis with the thesis \"Deterministic Identification of Dynamical Systems,\" which was published the next year by Springer in the","title":"Christiaan Heij"},{"psg_id":"18265045","text":"and Sheffield-based artist Phlegm on a mission to give final moments of vivacious life to yet another to be demolished building in London - the Blithehale Medical Centre in Bethnal Green. Christiaan Nagel Christiaan Nagel is a British street artist known for his oversized mushroom sculptures made from polyurethane which he places high up on buildings. They stretch as far as London, New York, Barcelona, Berlin, Cape Town, Los Angeles Nagel was born in South Africa and grew up in Durban. As a part of the Durban surfing community he participated as a member of this subculture of surf and","title":"Christiaan Nagel"},{"psg_id":"17477720","text":"Christiaan Timmermans Christiaan Willem Anton Timmermans (born 6 December 1941 in Rotterdam) is a Dutch law professor and judge. He has been a judge at the European Court of Justice. Timmermans was born in 1941 in Rotterdam. He pursued a career as law clerk in the European Court of Justice, working there between 1966 and 1969. He then worked as an official for the Commission of the European Communities between 1969 and 1977. In 1973 he obtained a Ph.D. in Law Studies at Leiden University. He subsequently worked as a professor of European Law at the University of Groningen between","title":"Christiaan Timmermans"},{"psg_id":"12066692","text":"suffered serious injury inside the park in a crocodile attack. Hereafter he commenced a new career in the Damaraland desert, where he acted as guide and conservation official for \"Wilderness Safaris\". In 2014, he was nominated as number 7 of the top twenty safari guides in Africa by Conde Nast Traveller. He currently works on education and advocacy projects with his wife Marcia on issues related to wildlife crime, environmental damage and social justice. Christiaan Bakkes Christiaan Mathys Bakkes ... (born 3 August 1965, Vredenburg, South Africa) is a South African writer. He is the son of Cas and Margaret","title":"Christiaan Bakkes"},{"psg_id":"12066691","text":"Christiaan Bakkes Christiaan Mathys Bakkes ... (born 3 August 1965, Vredenburg, South Africa) is a South African writer. He is the son of Cas and Margaret Bakkes and the brother of Marius, Matilde and Casparus. He is married to Marcia Ann Fargnoli, an environmental activist. He received a National Diploma in Nature Conservation and led an anti-poaching unit as part of his military service. For a time he worked as a game ranger in the Kruger National Park, where during the early 1990s he was involved in elephant culling, a practice to which he developed ethical objections. In 1994 he","title":"Christiaan Bakkes"},{"psg_id":"9677773","text":"1999 book \"Disco Bloodbath\", and Dianne Brill, who was crowned \"Queen of the Night\" by Andy Warhol. Famous for being famous Famous for being famous is a pejorative term for someone who attains celebrity status for no particularly identifiable reason (as opposed to fame based on achievements, skill, or talent) and appears to generate their own fame, or someone who achieves fame through a family or relationship association with an existing celebrity. The term originates from an analysis of the media-dominated world called \"The Image: A Guide to Pseudo-events in America\" (1961), by historian and social theorist Daniel J. Boorstin.","title":"Famous for being famous"},{"psg_id":"18361317","text":"Sprange v Barnard Sprange v Barnard (1789) 2 Bro CC 585 is an English trusts law case, concerning the certainty of subject matter to create a trust. It is an example of a court concluding that the words of a testament being interpreted to mean, in essence, that a gift was intended rather than a trust. The testatrix left £300 worth of annuities to her husband ‘for his sole use; and at his death, the remaining part of what is left, that he does not want for his own wants and use to be divided between’ a number of beneficiaries.","title":"Sprange v Barnard"},{"psg_id":"1126038","text":"also hunt. Barnard is the home to the newly consolidated South Nodaway R-IV School District. Originally, the Pre-K through 6th Grade elementary school had been located in nearby Guilford, five miles east of the town. In 2013, due to the rising costs of maintaining the old elementary school, the district was consolidated into one building in Barnard by expanding the existing high school. Barnard, Missouri Barnard is a city in Nodaway County, Missouri, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 221. Barnard was platted in 1870. The city was named for J. F. Barnard, a railroad","title":"Barnard, Missouri"},{"psg_id":"13455305","text":"Brooks Barnard Brooks Alexander Barnard (born November 4, 1979) is an American football punter. He played professional football for the New England Patriots in the National Football League (NFL) and for the Rhein Fire in the NFL Europe. He played college football for the Maryland Terrapins at the University of Maryland. Brooks Barnard was born to parents John and Karen Barnard on November 4, 1979 in Arnold, Maryland. Former Baltimore Orioles third baseman Brooks Robinson was his namesake. Barnard attended Broadneck High School where he was a four-year letterwinner on the football team and set every school record for both","title":"Brooks Barnard"},{"psg_id":"1126032","text":"Barnard, Missouri Barnard is a city in Nodaway County, Missouri, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 221. Barnard was platted in 1870. The city was named for J. F. Barnard, a railroad official. A post office called Barnard has been in operation since 1871. Barnard is located at (40.174742, -94.822839), on the east bank of the One Hundred and Two River. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2010, there were 221 people, 93 households, and 59 families residing in","title":"Barnard, Missouri"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88192\",\n \"text\": \"divided the remainder of his years between Austria, where he established the Christiaan Barnard Foundation, dedicated to helping underprivileged children throughout the world, and his game farm in Beaufort West, South Africa. Christiaan Barnard died on 2 September 2001, while on holiday in Paphos, Cyprus. Early reports stated that he had died of a heart attack, but an autopsy showed his death was caused by a severe asthma attack. Christiaan Barnard wrote two autobiographies. His first book, \\\"One Life\\\", was published in 1969 () and sold copies worldwide. Some of the proceeds were used to set up the Chris Barnard\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88189\",\n \"text\": \"in 1969, Barnard and his wife divorced. In 1970, he married heiress Barbara Zoellner when she was 19, the same age as his son, and they had two children — Frederick (born 1972) and Christiaan Jr. (born 1974). He divorced Zoellner in 1982. Barnard married for a third time in 1988 to Karin Setzkorn, a young model. They also had two children, Armin (born 1989) and Lara (born 1997), but this last marriage also ended in divorce in 2000. Barnard described in his autobiography \\\"The Second Life\\\" a one-night extramarital affair with Italian film star Gina Lollobrigida, that occurred in\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88164\",\n \"text\": \"his hands which ended his surgical career. He became interested in anti-aging research, and in 1986 his reputation suffered when he promoted \\\"Glycel\\\", an expensive \\\"anti-aging\\\" skin cream, whose approval was withdrawn by the United States Food and Drug Administration soon thereafter. During his remaining years, he established the Christiaan Barnard Foundation, dedicated to helping underprivileged children throughout the world. He died in 2001 at the age of 78 after an asthma attack. Barnard grew up in Beaufort West, Cape Province, Union of South Africa. His father, Adam Barnard, was a minister in the Dutch Reformed Church. One of his\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88181\",\n \"text\": \"he decided to modify Shumway and Lower's technique. Instead of cutting straight across the back of the atrial chambers of the donor heart, he would avoid damage to the septum and instead cut two small holes for the venae cavae and pulmonary veins. Prior to the transplant, rather than wait for Darvall's heart to stop beating, at his brother Marius Barnard's urging, Christiaan had injected potassium into her heart to paralyse it and render her technically dead by the whole-body standard. Twenty years later, Marius Barnard recounted, \\\"Chris stood there for a few moments, watching, then stood back and said,\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88170\",\n \"text\": \"Barnard accepted even though he wanted to move onto something new. Simply by luck, whenever Barnard needed a break from this work, he could wander across the hall and talk with Vince Gott who ran the lab for open-heart surgery pioneer Walt Lillehei. Gott had begun to develop a technique of running blood backwards through the veins of the heart so Lillehei could more easily operate on the aortic valve (McRae writes, \\\"It was the type of inspired thinking that entranced Barnard\\\"). In March 1956, Gott asked Barnard to help him run the heart-lung machine for an operation. Shortly thereafter,\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88178\",\n \"text\": \"stitching, and had very good hands in the theatre\\\". A popular myth, propagated principally by a widely discredited documentary film called \\\"Hidden Heart\\\" and an erroneous newspaper article , maintains incorrectly that Naki was present during the Washkansky transplant. Barnard performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant operation in the early morning hours of Sunday 3 December 1967. Louis Washkansky, a 54-year-old grocer who was suffering from diabetes and incurable heart disease, was the patient. Barnard was assisted by his brother Marius Barnard, as well as a team of thirty staff members. The operation lasted approximately five hours. Barnard stated\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88162\",\n \"text\": \"he travelled to the United States and was initially assigned further gastrointestinal work by Owen Harding Wangensteen. He was introduced to the heart-lung machine, and Barnard was allowed to transfer to the service run by open heart surgery pioneer Walt Lillehei. Upon returning to South Africa in 1958, Barnard was appointed head of the Department of Experimental Surgery at the Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town. On 3 December 1967, Barnard transplanted the heart of Denise Darvall, who had just died from a head injury, into the chest of a 54-year-old Louis Washkansky. Washkansky regained full consciousness and lived for eighteen\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88182\",\n \"text\": \"'It works.'\\\" Washkansky survived the operation and lived for 18 days, having succumbed to pneumonia as he was taking immunosuppressive drugs. Barnard and his patient received worldwide publicity. As a 2017 BBC retrospective article describes, \\\"Journalists and film crews flooded into Cape Town's Groote Schuur Hospital, soon making Barnard and Washkansky household names.\\\" Barnard himself was described as \\\"charismatic\\\" and \\\"photogenic.\\\" And the operation was initially reported as \\\"successful\\\" even though Washkansky only lived a further 18 days. Worldwide, approximately 100 transplants were performed by various doctors during 1968. However, only a third of these patients lived longer than three\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88169\",\n \"text\": \"babies in Cape Town. This technique was also adapted by surgeons in Britain and the US. In addition, Barnard analyzed 259 cases of tubercular meningitis. Owen Wangensteen in Minnesota had been impressed by the work of Alan Thal, a young South African doctor working in Minnesota. He asked Groote Schuur Head of Medicine John Brock if he might recommend any similarly talented South Africans and Brock recommended Barnard. In December 1955, Barnard travelled to the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States, to begin a two-year scholarship under Chief of Surgery Wangensteen, who assigned Barnard more work on the intestines, which\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88172\",\n \"text\": \"Surgery for a thesis titled \\\"The aortic valve – problems in the fabrication and testing of a prosthetic valve\\\". The same year he was awarded a Ph.D. for his dissertation titled \\\"The aetiology of congenital intestinal atresia\\\". Barnard described the two years he spent in the United States as \\\"the most fascinating time in my life.\\\" Upon returning to South Africa in 1958, Barnard was appointed head of the Department of Experimental Surgery at Groote Schuur hospital, as well as holding a joint post at the University of Cape Town. He was promoted to full-time lecturer and Director of Surgical\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88187\",\n \"text\": \"his fame to campaign for a change in the law. Christiaan's brother, Marius Barnard, went into politics, and was elected to the legislature from Progressive Federal Party. Barnard later stated that the reason he never won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was probably because he was a \\\"white South African\\\". Shortly before his visit to Kenya in 1978, the following was written about his views regarding race relations in South Africa; \\\"While he believes in the participation of Africans in the political process of South Africa, he is opposed to a one-man-one-vote system in South Africa\\\". In answering\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88167\",\n \"text\": \"from the University of Cape Town. In the same year he obtained a doctorate in medicine (MD) from the same university for a dissertation titled \\\"The treatment of tuberculous meningitis\\\". Soon after qualifying as a doctor, Barnard performed experiments on dogs investigating intestinal atresia, a birth defect which allows life-threatening gaps to develop in the intestines. He followed a medical hunch that this was caused by inadequate blood flow to the fetus. After nine months and forty-three attempts, Barnard was able to reproduce this condition in a fetus puppy by tying off some of the blood supply to a puppy's\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88190\",\n \"text\": \"January 1968. During that visit to Rome he received an audience from Pope Paul VI. In October 2016, U.S. Congresswoman Ann McLane Kuster (D-NH) stated that Barnard sexually assaulted her when she was 23 years old. According to Kuster, he attempted to grope her under her skirt, while seated at a business luncheon with Rep. Pete McCloskey (R-CA), whom she worked for at the time. Barnard retired as Head of the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery in Cape Town in 1983 after developing rheumatoid arthritis in his hands which ended his surgical career. He had struggled with arthritis since 1956, when\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88176\",\n \"text\": \"Kantrowitz had performed at Maimonides Medical Center in New York and about a sixth the number Norman Shumway had performed at Stanford University in California. Barnard had no dogs which had survived longer than ten days, unlike Kantrowitz and Shumway who had had dogs survive for more than a year. With the availability of new breakthroughs introduced by several pioneers, also including Richard Lower at the Medical College of Virginia, several surgical teams were in a position to prepare for a human heart transplant. Barnard had a patient willing to undergo the procedure, but as with other surgeons, he needed\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88165\",\n \"text\": \"four brothers, Abraham, was a \\\"blue baby\\\" who died of a heart problem at the age of three (Barnard would later guess that it was tetralogy of Fallot). The family also experienced the loss of a daughter who was stillborn and who had been the fraternal twin of Barnard's older brother Johannes, who was twelve years older than Chris. Barnard matriculated from the Beaufort West High School in 1940, and went to study medicine at the University of Cape Town Medical School, where he obtained his MB ChB in 1945. His father served as a missionary to mixed-race peoples. His\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88186\",\n \"text\": \"rejection of the transplanted heart by the patient's immune system. Barnard persisted until the advent of cyclosporine, an effective immunosuppressive drug, which helped revive the operation throughout the world. He also attempted xenotransplantation in a human patient, while attempting to save the life of a girl who was unable to leave artificial life support after her second aortic valve replacement. Barnard was an outspoken opponent of South Africa's laws of apartheid, and was not afraid to criticise his nation's government, although he had to temper his remarks to some extent to travel abroad. Rather than leaving his homeland, he used\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16862901\",\n \"text\": \"possession of all school records as well as the legal rights to the legacy of what once was The Barnard School for Boys. Barnard School for Boys The Barnard School for Boys was a college prep-school founded in 1886 by William Livingston Hazen. In 1920, Barnard moved to 246th Street and Cayuga Avenue in the Riverdale section of the Bronx of New York City, in the private, upper-class neighborhood of Fieldston, where grades 1 to 12 were in the main building, while the kindergarten was in a separate, smaller building called the Cottage School. It merged with the Horace Mann\",\n \"title\": \"Barnard School for Boys\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88185\",\n \"text\": \"the patient's diseased heart is left in place while the donor heart is added, essentially forming a \\\"double heart\\\". Barnard performed the first such heterotopic heart transplant in 1974. From November 1974 through December 1983, 49 consecutive heterotopic heart transplants on 43 patients were performed at Groote Schuur. The survival rate for patients at one year was over 60%, as compared to less than 40% with standard transplants, and the survival rate at five years was over 36% as compared to less than 20% with standard transplants. Many surgeons gave up cardiac transplantation due to poor results, often due to\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88191\",\n \"text\": \"it was diagnosed during his postgraduate work in the United States. After retirement, he spent two years as the Scientist-In-Residence at the Oklahoma Transplantation Institute in the United States and as an acting consultant for various institutions. He had by this time become very interested in anti-aging research, and his reputation suffered in 1986 when he promoted \\\"Glycel\\\", an expensive \\\"anti-aging\\\" skin cream, whose approval was withdrawn by the United States Food and Drug Administration soon thereafter. He also spent time as a research advisor to the Clinique la Prairie, in Switzerland, where the controversial \\\"rejuvenation therapy\\\" was practised. Barnard\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88180\",\n \"text\": \"came from a young woman, Denise Darvall, who had been rendered brain dead in an accident on 2 December 1967, while crossing a street in Cape Town. On examination at Groote Schuur hospital, Darvall had two serious fractures in her skull, with no electrical activity in her brain detected, and no sign of pain when ice water was poured into her ear. Coert Venter and Bertie Bosman requested permission from Darvall's father for Denise's heart to be used in the transplant attempt. The afternoon before his first transplant, Barnard dozed at his home while listening to music. When he awoke,\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88175\",\n \"text\": \"the second kidney transplant in South Africa in October 1967, the first being done in Johannesburg the previous year. On 23 January 1964, James Hardy at the University of Mississippi Medical Center in Jackson, Mississippi, performed the world's first heart transplant and world's first cardiac xenotransplant by transplanting the heart of a chimpanzee into a desperately ill and dying man. This heart did beat in the patient's chest for approximately 60 to 90 minutes. The patient, Boyd Rush, died without ever regaining consciousness. Barnard had experimentally transplanted forty-eight hearts into dogs, which was about a fifth the number that Adrian\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88163\",\n \"text\": \"days, even spending time with his wife, before he died of pneumonia, with the suppression of his immune system by the anti-rejection drugs being a major contributing factor. Barnard had told Mr. and Mrs. Washkansky that the operation had an 80% chance of success, a claim which has been criticised as misleading. Barnard's second transplant patient Philip Blaiberg, with the operation performed at the beginning of 1968, lived for nineteen months and was able to go home from the hospital. He retired as Head of the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery in Cape Town in 1983 after developing rheumatoid arthritis in\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88184\",\n \"text\": \"lived longer than 18 months, with two of these four becoming long-term survivors. One patient lived for over thirteen years and another for over twenty-four years. Full recovery of donor heart function often takes place over hours or days, during which time considerable damage can occur. Other deaths to patients can occur from preexisting conditions. For example, in pulmonary hypertension the patient's right ventricle has often adapted to the higher pressure over time and, although diseased and hypertrophied, is often capable of maintaining circulation to the lungs. Barnard designed the idea of the heterotopic (or \\\"piggy back\\\" transplant) in which\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88179\",\n \"text\": \"to Washkansky and his wife Ann Washkansky that the transplant had an 80% chance of success. This has been criticised by the ethicists Peter Singer and Helga Kuhse as making claims for chances of success to the patient and family which were \\\"unfounded\\\" and \\\"misleading\\\". Barnard later wrote, \\\"For a dying man it is not a difficult decision because he knows he is at the end. If a lion chases you to the bank of a river filled with crocodiles, you will leap into the water, convinced you have a chance to swim to the other side.\\\" The donor heart\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88188\",\n \"text\": \"a hypothetical question on how he would solve the race problem were he a \\\"benevolent dictator in South Africa\\\", Barnard stated the following in a long interview at the Weekly Review: The interview ended with the following summary from he himself; \\\"I often say that, like King Lear, South Africa is a country more sinned against than sinning.\\\" Barnard's first marriage was to Aletta Gertruida Louw, a nurse, whom he married in 1948 while practising medicine in Ceres. The couple had two children — Deirdre (born 1950) and Andre (1951–1984). International fame took a toll on his personal life, and\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"88166\",\n \"text\": \"mother, the former Maria Elisabeth de Swart, instilled in the surviving brothers the belief that they could do anything they set their minds to. Barnard did his internship and residency at the Groote Schuur Hospital in Cape Town, after which he worked as a general practitioner in Ceres, a rural town in the Cape Province. In 1951, he returned to Cape Town where he worked at the City Hospital as a Senior Resident Medical Officer, and in the Department of Medicine at the Groote Schuur Hospital as a registrar. He completed his master's degree, receiving Master of Medicine in 1953\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"524533\",\n \"text\": \"Christiaan Huygens Christiaan Huygens ( ; ; ; 14 April 1629 – 8 July 1695) was a Dutch physicist, mathematician, astronomer and inventor, who is widely regarded as one of the greatest scientists of all time and a major figure in the scientific revolution. In physics, Huygens made groundbreaking contributions in optics and mechanics, while as an astronomer he is chiefly known for his studies of the rings of Saturn and the discovery of its moon Titan. As an inventor, he improved the design of the telescope with the invention of the Huygenian eyepiece. His most famous invention, however, was\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Huygens\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16862896\",\n \"text\": \"yearbook was the \\\"Barnard Bric\\\". During the first trimester of 1967 a group of Barnard School's core teaching staff—organized by a recent hire from the New York City Public school system—declared a strike. The teachers set up a picket line outside the school entrance refusing to teach their classes. And although they were unaffiliated with a larger teacher's union, sought economic parity with New York City Public School educators whose salaries were at that time, higher. The Barnard School administration was caught totally unprepared, labeling this action an illegal strike it sought to marshal what remaining teaching resources were available\",\n \"title\": \"Barnard School for Boys\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6596860\",\n \"text\": \"number of passengers, Barnard and a few others went out in a party to hunt for meat on the nearby New Island. During his absence, the British seized \\\"Nanina\\\" and left Barnard and his men on New Island. Barnard and his party were finally rescued by the British whalers \\\"Asp\\\" and \\\"Indispensable\\\" in November 1814. In 1829, Barnard wrote \\\"A Narrative of the Sufferings and Adventures of Capt. Charles Barnard\\\" detailing the happenings. Barnard Point on Livingston Island in Antarctica is named after him. Charles Barnard (castaway) Captain Charles Barnard (1781–c.1840) was a famous castaway. In 1812, the British ship\",\n \"title\": \"Charles Barnard (castaway)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16876651\",\n \"text\": \"to be awarded. On 9 December 1929, he married Mrs. Melita Erna May. In 1930, he authored and published a book on flying – 'Barnard on Learning to Fly.' In October 1930, Barnard planned to join Charles Kingsford Smith on a record breaking flight to Australia, but Kingsford Smith made it a solo flight. In May 1932, in Popular Flying magazine, a story was written about CD Barnard titled 'My Most Thrilling Flight'. In 1935, C.D. Barnard was recorded on Lambert and Butler's 'Famous British Airmen and Airwomen' cigarette cards for his record flights. On 7 August 1971, Barnard died\",\n \"title\": \"C. D. Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6596859\",\n \"text\": \"Charles Barnard (castaway) Captain Charles Barnard (1781–c.1840) was a famous castaway. In 1812, the British ship \\\"Isabella\\\", captained by George Higton, was shipwrecked off Eagle Island (part of the Falkland Islands). Most of the crew were rescued by the American sealer \\\"Nanina\\\" which was built and operated out of the whaling port city of Hudson, NY, and commanded by Captain Charles Barnard. Barnard, realizing that the castaways were unaware of the War of 1812, informed the survivors that they were at war with each other, but agreed to rescue them. Realizing that he would require more provisions for the expanded\",\n \"title\": \"Charles Barnard (castaway)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1810706\",\n \"text\": \"Christiaan Eijkman Christiaan Eijkman (; 11 August 1858 – 5 November 1930) was a Dutch physician and professor of physiology whose demonstration that beriberi is caused by poor diet led to the discovery of antineuritic vitamins (thiamine). Together with Sir Frederick Hopkins, he received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1929 for the discovery of vitamins. Christiaan Eijkman was born on 11 August 1858, at Nijkerk, Netherlands as the seventh child of Christiaan Eijkman, the headmaster of a local school, and Johanna Alida Pool. His elder brother Johann Frederik Eijkman (1851–1915) was also a chemist. A year later,\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Eijkman\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20656147\",\n \"text\": \"What Made America Famous? \\\"What Made America Famous?\\\" is a song written and performed by Harry Chapin. The song was included on his 1974 album, Verities & Balderdash. It has also been included on numerous posthumous compilation albums. The song inspired Chapin to write the award nominated Broadway musical, The Night That Made America Famous. The song shows a man, his girlfriend, and kids living in a rundown home. Eventually, a house fire starts, and they need rescue. It is continually asked in the song if anybody cares. It ends with the firefighters waiting to respond to \\\"let them sweat\",\n \"title\": \"What Made America Famous?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9692481\",\n \"text\": \"What Made Milwaukee Famous (band) What Made Milwaukee Famous (WMMF) is an indie rock band from Austin, Texas. In 2005, WMMF performed for Austin City Limits with Franz Ferdinand, making them one of the only unsigned bands to play for the show in its 43-year history. In 2006, the band signed with Barsuk Records, which re-released their 2004 debut album, \\\"Trying to Never Catch Up\\\". Their second album, \\\"What Doesn't Kill Us\\\", was released on March 4, 2008. Since forming, the band has played at the South by Southwest music festival, the Austin City Limits Festival, and Lollapalooza. They have\",\n \"title\": \"What Made Milwaukee Famous (band)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20656148\",\n \"text\": \"a little\\\", and the plumber ends up saving everyone in the home. They spend the night in the plumber's home and realize that heroes are people who you'd never suspect, or ever know. The song was inspired when Chapin himself lived in Point Lookout in Long Island during the 1960s. There was a suspicious fire in a low-income residence. Although it is unknown how the actual firefighters responded, he imagined that they responded like in the song. What Made America Famous? \\\"What Made America Famous?\\\" is a song written and performed by Harry Chapin. The song was included on his\",\n \"title\": \"What Made America Famous?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9692482\",\n \"text\": \"opened for The Smashing Pumpkins, Arcade Fire, The Black Keys, and Snow Patrol. WMMF has been featured on spots in \\\"Billboard\\\" and Rolling Stone bands-to-watch lists. The band's name comes from Jerry Lee Lewis's \\\"What's Made Milwaukee Famous (Has Made a Loser Out of Me)\\\". What Made Milwaukee Famous (band) What Made Milwaukee Famous (WMMF) is an indie rock band from Austin, Texas. In 2005, WMMF performed for Austin City Limits with Franz Ferdinand, making them one of the only unsigned bands to play for the show in its 43-year history. In 2006, the band signed with Barsuk Records, which\",\n \"title\": \"What Made Milwaukee Famous (band)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16862892\",\n \"text\": \"Barnard School for Boys The Barnard School for Boys was a college prep-school founded in 1886 by William Livingston Hazen. In 1920, Barnard moved to 246th Street and Cayuga Avenue in the Riverdale section of the Bronx of New York City, in the private, upper-class neighborhood of Fieldston, where grades 1 to 12 were in the main building, while the kindergarten was in a separate, smaller building called the Cottage School. It merged with the Horace Mann School in 1972, which first opened its doors in a small building on University Place in Greenwich Village in 1887. Both eventually moved\",\n \"title\": \"Barnard School for Boys\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16862893\",\n \"text\": \"to Riverdale (Horace Mann, 1914 Barnard, 1920) and were situated as neighbors separated by a dell and a wide tree lined street. Unlike most Prep Schools which started at the 7th or 9th grades, Barnard was Kindergarten-12. Barnard was an unusual combination of a formal, classical English-style curriculum, with the ambiance, interaction, and demeanor of progressive education. It was also unusual in that by the 1950s the religious composition of the school was about one-third each of Protestant, Catholic and Jewish. Barnard was a small school with only 25-40 students in each grade. Individual instructors typically had only 10-15 students\",\n \"title\": \"Barnard School for Boys\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4869114\",\n \"text\": \"Barnard Elliott Bee Jr. Barnard Elliott Bee Jr. (February 8, 1824 – July 22, 1861) was a career United States Army officer and a Confederate States Army general during the American Civil War. He was mortally wounded at the First Battle of Bull Run, one of the first general officers to be killed in the war. During that battle, he was responsible for inspiring the famous nickname for Brig. Gen. Thomas J. \\\"Stonewall\\\" Jackson. Bee was born in Charleston, South Carolina on February 8, 1824. He was the son of Barnard Elliott Bee Sr., and Ann Wragg Fayssoux, both of\",\n \"title\": \"Barnard Elliott Bee Jr.\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1149757\",\n \"text\": \"Public Speaker Barnard Castle Barnard Castle is a market town in Teesdale, County Durham, England. It is named after the castle around which it was built. It is the main settlement in the Teesdale area, and is a popular tourist destination. The Bowes Museum has the best collection of European fine and decorative arts in the North of England, housed in a \\\"magnificent\\\" 19th-century French-style chateau. Its most famous exhibit is the 18th-century Silver Swan automaton, though art includes work by Goya and El Greco. Barnard Castle sits on the north bank of the River Tees, opposite Startforth and south-west\",\n \"title\": \"Barnard Castle\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1149740\",\n \"text\": \"Barnard Castle Barnard Castle is a market town in Teesdale, County Durham, England. It is named after the castle around which it was built. It is the main settlement in the Teesdale area, and is a popular tourist destination. The Bowes Museum has the best collection of European fine and decorative arts in the North of England, housed in a \\\"magnificent\\\" 19th-century French-style chateau. Its most famous exhibit is the 18th-century Silver Swan automaton, though art includes work by Goya and El Greco. Barnard Castle sits on the north bank of the River Tees, opposite Startforth and south-west of the\",\n \"title\": \"Barnard Castle\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16862900\",\n \"text\": \"the prestigious institution alive as \\\"The Horace Mann-Barnard School\\\" and carry its name forward would last as long as New York's statute allowing a restrictive covenant would permit. And so with the death of Barnard's last Headmaster, Gordon I. Newcombe, exactly twenty-one years to the day later, the name \\\"Horace Mann-Barnard\\\" reverted to Horace Mann. The Barnard School for Boys was relegated to history, the covenant that once ran with the very valuable land it occupied and physical plant that once housed the vision of the \\\"alma mater\\\" of Mr. Hazen and Mr. Raymond had lapsed. Horace Mann now has\",\n \"title\": \"Barnard School for Boys\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15870637\",\n \"text\": \"a woman. I’m doing the best stuff I’ve ever done now but you just do it because it feels good and that’s what you do.\\\"” \\\"Fortified\\\" was co-produced by Barnard and her then partner, Shane O'Mara, and recorded at their home studio Yikesville. Barnard commenced writing material for the album in 2003. \\\"Fortified\\\" featured various Melbourne musicians such as Lisa Miller (backing vocals), Tim Rogers (backing vocals), Peter Jones (drums), Michael Barker of the John Butler Trio (drums) and Snout’s Ross McLennan (bass). The album contains tracks penned by Barnard and co-writers including Dr. Rosemary Milne, who created the lyrics\",\n \"title\": \"Rebecca Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8256819\",\n \"text\": \"Barnard Hughes Bernard Aloysius Kiernan \\\"Barnard\\\" Hughes (July 16, 1915 – July 11, 2006) was an American actor of television, theater and film. Hughes became famous for a variety of roles; his most-notable roles came after middle age, and he was often cast as a dithering authority figure or grandfatherly elder. Hughes was born in Bedford Hills, New York, the son of Irish immigrants Marcella \\\"Madge\\\" (née Kiernan) and Owen Hughes. He attended La Salle Academy and Manhattan College in New York City. Hughes served in the United States Army during World War II. Hughes was married to actress Helen\",\n \"title\": \"Barnard Hughes\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8256824\",\n \"text\": \"He also made a memorable appearance as The King (with Jim Dale as The Duke) in the PBS mini-series \\\"Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Hughes also made recurring appearances on daytime dramas including \\\"Guiding Light\\\" and \\\"As the World Turns\\\" as well as a brief appearance as a private investigator in an early episode of \\\"Dark Shadows\\\". He also did voice-overs for television commercials advertising Kix cereal. Barnard Hughes Bernard Aloysius Kiernan \\\"Barnard\\\" Hughes (July 16, 1915 – July 11, 2006) was an American actor of television, theater and film. Hughes became famous for a variety of roles; his most-notable roles\",\n \"title\": \"Barnard Hughes\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8656567\",\n \"text\": \"Christiaan Kuyvenhoven Christiaan Kuyvenhoven (born 1985) is a Dutch pianist. In April 2005 Kuyvenhoven won Third Prize at the prestigious International Franz Liszt Piano Competition, which took place in Utrecht for the seventh time. By winning the prize, Kuyvenhoven became the first Dutch pianist in sixteen years to win a prize at the competition. As part of the prize, Christiaan Kuyvenhoven had numerous appearances as a concert pianist, both in and outside the Netherlands. In addition to concert engagements at all major Dutch concert halls, he was also invited to appear in Algeria, Germany, France, Trinidad & Tobago, Curaçao, Tunisia\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Kuyvenhoven\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20755409\",\n \"text\": \"HNLMS Christiaan Cornelis (1905) Christiaan Cornelis, initially called K 2, was a of the Dutch Koninklijke Marine. She saw action during World War II, however she was outdated by then and had lost most of her usefulness. \\\"Christiaan Cornelis\\\" was commissioned in to the \\\"Koninklijke Marine\\\" on 28 December 1905. When Germany invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940, \\\"Christiaan Cornelis\\\" was assigned to the \\\"Onderzoekings- en Bewakingsdienst Bovenrivieren\\\" (OBB). Together with and she was stationed in the Waal near Nijmegen. During 10 May \\\"Christiaan Cornelis\\\" and \\\"Cressy\\\" opened fire at the accommodation ship with their 3.7 cm guns after\",\n \"title\": \"HNLMS Christiaan Cornelis (1905)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17136400\",\n \"text\": \"with whom he had children born in Batavia and Ternate. In 1719, Everard Kraeyvanger wrote a poem for Amaranta in consolation for the loss of two of her children in Batavia. His surviving son Diederik Christiaan would become mayor of Schiedam. Jacob Christiaan Pielat Jacques Christian or Jacob Christiaan Pielat (sometimes \\\"Pielaat\\\") (27 August 1692, Rotterdam – c. 3 August 1740, Loosduinen) was the 22nd Governor of Ceylon during the Dutch colonial time from 2 December 1732 until 27 January 1734. Pielat was the sixth child of Phinéas Pielat (1645–1700), a Protestant minister originally from the Principality of Orange, and\",\n \"title\": \"Jacob Christiaan Pielat\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16862899\",\n \"text\": \"well as on its students, especially those in the higher grades who were short changed on the quality of their education as they prepared more immediately for college admission. The Barnard School for Boys never quite recovered its momentum or reputation in the wake of the teachers strike. The Classes of '69 and '70 for instance, saw far fewer students receiving acceptances at Ivy League colleges. By the time Barnard merged with Horace Mann in 1972, it was struggling financially and for its own survival. The \\\"merger\\\" was in effect, a real estate transaction in which a covenant to keep\",\n \"title\": \"Barnard School for Boys\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11417464\",\n \"text\": \"Christiaan De Wilde Christiaan De Wilde is a Belgian businessman, and he is at present the Chief Executive Officer of the Belgian biotech company Innogenetics. Christiaan De Wilde in Accountancy at the \\\"Hogeschool Gent\\\" (BME) (Ghent) and obtained a degree in Taxation and a master's degree in Industrial Entrepreneurship, both at EHSAL (Brussels). In October 1988, he started his career at Johnson & Johnson, where he would stay for 17 years. From June 2000 until May 2005, he was Finance & Logistics Director for the Benelux and a member of the Board of Johnson & Johnson Medical BV (Netherlands). Until\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan De Wilde\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7697829\",\n \"text\": \"Hignett scored. The goalkeeper, Richard Wright, as a result was sold to Arsenal for 7 million pounds. In the 1998–99 season, Barnard turned down a move to go to Southampton in November, on his first game after he declined the move he scored what possibly could be one of the all-time great goals for his club and himself, a left footed volley from the corner of the penalty area after a fine pass by Nicky Eaden. The goal was in Barnsley's 7–1 win over Yorkshire rivals Huddersfield Town on 27 November 1998, a game shown live on Sky Sports. Barnard\",\n \"title\": \"Darren Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18736907\",\n \"text\": \"declined as a result of increased asynchrony between breeding time and the date of the local food peak. He is mostly interested in how different organisms can respond with different mechanisms and speeds to the high rates of current climate change, and the consequences this has for trophic interactions. Christiaan Both (ecologist) Christiaan Both (born 12 December 1969) is a Dutch Associate professor of ecology at the University of Groningen. Christiaan Both was born in the Netherlands in 1969. From 1988 to 1993 he studied in various universities including Groningen, Oxford and Wageningen. In 1998 he graduated with a Ph.D.\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Both (ecologist)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18736904\",\n \"text\": \"Christiaan Both (ecologist) Christiaan Both (born 12 December 1969) is a Dutch Associate professor of ecology at the University of Groningen. Christiaan Both was born in the Netherlands in 1969. From 1988 to 1993 he studied in various universities including Groningen, Oxford and Wageningen. In 1998 he graduated with a Ph.D. from the Netherlands Institute of Ecology and since that time worked as a postdoctoral researcher at Groningen, Bangor universities as well as University of California, Santa Cruz. In 2004 he joined Animal Ecology Group, a division of Groningen and three years later became Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research's fellow.\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Both (ecologist)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7697824\",\n \"text\": \"cultured displays, the best of which came against Middlesbrough when he came up against Boro's right-back Curtis Fleming eventually leading to the Irishman's injuring Barnard with a cut to the shin. He scored his first goal for the club that day, in what was a 4–0 win, and could look back with pride on a record that season of eight starts resulting in five wins, two draws and just a single defeat. However, Barnard was restricted to only nine starts in 1993–94, primarily as a left-back. A mid table league campaign was compensated for by a run to the final\",\n \"title\": \"Darren Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16389745\",\n \"text\": \"to encourage the open sharing of knowledge and experience, it seeks to increase ties among diverse groups of women\\\". Catharine R. Stimson served as the chairwomen of the task force that created the Women's Center and was its first acting director. Jane S. Gould was appointed acting director in 1972 and permanent director in 1973. Since 1974, BCRW has hosted the annual Scholar and Feminist conference, including the 1982 Barnard Conference on Sexuality. Barnard Center for Research on Women The Barnard Center for Research on Women (BCRW) is a nexus of feminist thought, activism, and collaboration for scholars and activists.\",\n \"title\": \"Barnard Center for Research on Women\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19003378\",\n \"text\": \"Christiaan Jonker Christiaan Jonker (born 24 September 1986) is a South African cricketer who represents the South Africa national cricket team. He was included in the Border cricket team squad for the 2015 Africa T20 Cup. In August 2017, he was named in Jo'burg Giants' squad for the first season of the T20 Global League. However, in October 2017, Cricket South Africa initially postponed the tournament until November 2018, with it being cancelled soon after. On 3 June 2018, he was selected to play for the Edmonton Royals in the players' draft for the inaugural edition of the Global T20\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Jonker\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"43748\",\n \"text\": \"divisions of Columbia University admitted women. Columbia president William J. McGill predicted in 1970 that Barnard College and Columbia College would merge within five years. In 1973 Columbia and Barnard signed a three-year agreement to increase sharing classrooms, facilities, and housing, and cooperation in faculty appointments, which they described as \\\"integration without assimilation\\\"; by the mid-1970s most Columbia dormitories were coed. The university's financial difficulties during the decade increased its desire to merge to end what Columbia described as the \\\"anachronism\\\" of single-sex education, but Barnard resisted doing so because of Columbia's large debt, rejecting in 1975 Columbia dean Peter\",\n \"title\": \"Barnard College\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19003380\",\n \"text\": \"was named in South Africa's One Day International (ODI) series against Zimbabwe. He made his ODI debut for South Africa against Zimbabwe on 30 September 2018. Christiaan Jonker Christiaan Jonker (born 24 September 1986) is a South African cricketer who represents the South Africa national cricket team. He was included in the Border cricket team squad for the 2015 Africa T20 Cup. In August 2017, he was named in Jo'burg Giants' squad for the first season of the T20 Global League. However, in October 2017, Cricket South Africa initially postponed the tournament until November 2018, with it being cancelled soon\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Jonker\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18265042\",\n \"text\": \"Christiaan Nagel Christiaan Nagel is a British street artist known for his oversized mushroom sculptures made from polyurethane which he places high up on buildings. They stretch as far as London, New York, Barcelona, Berlin, Cape Town, Los Angeles Nagel was born in South Africa and grew up in Durban. As a part of the Durban surfing community he participated as a member of this subculture of surf and skate for most of his life. Since his artistic beginnings, he attended art classes and one of his first accomplishments was ABSA Bank award for children that he was awarded when\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Nagel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13284220\",\n \"text\": \"rugby. Christiaan Scholtz Christiaan Petrus Scholtz (born 22 October 1970 in Stutterheim) is a former South African rugby union player, who played centre and won four caps between 1994 and 1995 playing for the South Africa national rugby union team. He was nominated for Young Player of the Year in 1993. During his playing career, Scholtz was part of Currie Cup, Super 10, Nite Series and Lion Cup winning squads for Transvaal, and 1995 World Cup winning squad for South Africa. He also represented the British Barbarians. Scholtz started an antiques business in Melville with his wife Sonia after retiring\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Scholtz\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13284219\",\n \"text\": \"Christiaan Scholtz Christiaan Petrus Scholtz (born 22 October 1970 in Stutterheim) is a former South African rugby union player, who played centre and won four caps between 1994 and 1995 playing for the South Africa national rugby union team. He was nominated for Young Player of the Year in 1993. During his playing career, Scholtz was part of Currie Cup, Super 10, Nite Series and Lion Cup winning squads for Transvaal, and 1995 World Cup winning squad for South Africa. He also represented the British Barbarians. Scholtz started an antiques business in Melville with his wife Sonia after retiring from\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Scholtz\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16389744\",\n \"text\": \"Barnard Center for Research on Women The Barnard Center for Research on Women (BCRW) is a nexus of feminist thought, activism, and collaboration for scholars and activists. Since its founding in 1971, BCRW has promoted women's and social justice issues to its local communities at Barnard College and within New York City. It is a member organization of The National Council for Research on Women. The Women's Center opened in the fall of 1971. According to its founding charter, the aim of the Women's Center was, \\\"to assure that women can live and work in dignity, autonomy, and equality ...\",\n \"title\": \"Barnard Center for Research on Women\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10854786\",\n \"text\": \"refute the labor theory of value, which both the classic economists and Marx adhered to, was published. He died in 1942 in Domme. Christiaan Cornelissen Christiaan Gerardus Cornelissen (30 August 1864 – 21 January 1942) was a Dutch syndicalist writer, economist, and trade unionist. Cornelissen was the second of five children of Johannes Cornelissen, carpenter in Den Bosch, Noord Brabant, and Mechelina van Wijk. He became a primary school teacher in Middelburg, Zeeland. In the late 1880s he started working for \\\"Recht voor Allen\\\" (\\\"Justice for All\\\"), the organ of the Social Democratic League (in Dutch: Sociaal-Democratische Bond, SDB). Next\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Cornelissen\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4363427\",\n \"text\": \"them from his conception of cooperative systems. Barnard summarized the functions of the executive as follows: Barnard formulated two interesting theories: one of authority and the other of incentives. Both are seen in the context of a communication system grounded in seven essential rules: Thus, what makes a communication authoritative, rests with the subordinate, rather than with his superior. Barnard's perspective had affinities to that of Mary Parker Follett and was very unusual for his time, and that has remained the case down to the present day. He seemed to argue that managers should obtain authority by treating subordinates with\",\n \"title\": \"Chester Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13537780\",\n \"text\": \"Christiaan Bailey Christiaan \\\"Otter\\\" Bailey (born March 31, 1981, Santa Cruz, California), is an American professional surfer, known for his experience as a surf safari guide and skill as a big wave surfer and skateboarder. Bailey grew up in the Santa Cruz, California area and excelled as a semi-pro surfer and skateboarder. He and his family departed for France when he was young, where he attended the American School of Paris. Bailey moved back to Santa Cruz in the fall of 2003. He was a professional surfer and skateboarder, who spent much of his time in Central America and west\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Bailey\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10854781\",\n \"text\": \"Christiaan Cornelissen Christiaan Gerardus Cornelissen (30 August 1864 – 21 January 1942) was a Dutch syndicalist writer, economist, and trade unionist. Cornelissen was the second of five children of Johannes Cornelissen, carpenter in Den Bosch, Noord Brabant, and Mechelina van Wijk. He became a primary school teacher in Middelburg, Zeeland. In the late 1880s he started working for \\\"Recht voor Allen\\\" (\\\"Justice for All\\\"), the organ of the Social Democratic League (in Dutch: Sociaal-Democratische Bond, SDB). Next to Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis, he soon became a leader in the SDB, member of the central committee and head of the international secretariat.\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Cornelissen\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"524539\",\n \"text\": \"the Christian faith of his upbringing. Although Huygens did not believe in such a supernatural being, he did hypothesize on the possibility of extraterrestrial life in his \\\"Cosmotheoros\\\", which was published shortly before his death in 1695. He speculated that extraterrestrial life was possible on planets similar to Earth and wrote that the availability of water in liquid form was a necessity for life. Christiaan Huygens was born on 14 April 1629 in The Hague, into a rich and influential Dutch family, the second son of Constantijn Huygens. Christiaan was named after his paternal grandfather. His mother was Suzanna van\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Huygens\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2932175\",\n \"text\": \"the 1954 federal election, Barnard was elected to the Division of Bass for the Labor Party. He defeated the sitting Liberal member Bruce Kekwick, who had defeated Claude Barnard for the seat in 1949. In 1967, Barnard became Deputy Leader of the Labor Party and when it won office under Whitlam in 1972 Barnard was Deputy Prime Minister.As Minister for Defence, Barnard personally ensured the recommendations of the Jess Committee and new Defense Force Retirements Benefits Scheme was implemented in 1972. For the first two weeks of Whitlam's government, before the full electoral result was known, Whitlam and Barnard formed\",\n \"title\": \"Lance Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1810719\",\n \"text\": \"foreign associate of the National Academy of Sciences in Washington. He was also honorary fellow of the Royal Sanitary Institute in London. To honor his dedication, the government of Indonesia named his research center on pathology and bacteriology the Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology. In 1883, before his departure to the Indies, Eijkman married Aaltje Wigeri van Edema, who died in 1886. In Batavia, Professor Eijkman married Bertha Julie Louise van der Kemp in 1888; a son, Pieter Hendrik, who became a physician, was born in 1890. Christiaan Eijkman Christiaan Eijkman (; 11 August 1858 – 5 November 1930) was\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Eijkman\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15739429\",\n \"text\": \"of museum ships belonging to the \\\"Nederlands Scheepvaartmuseum\\\" in Amsterdam. Christiaan Brunings Christiaan Brunings (Mannheim-Neckarau, 3 November 1736 – The Hague, 16 May 1805) was a Dutch hydraulic engineer. Brunings was the son of a preacher in Mannheim-Neckarau in Germany. After high school he attended the University of Heidelberg. He had to break off his studies for lack of money and found work in the vinegar works of his brother in the Netherlands. Here he met Jan Noppen (1706-1764), superintendent of the \\\"Hoogheemraadschap van Rijnland\\\" (Rijnland Water Board). He was Brunings' mentor and taught him music, mathematics, physics, astronomy and\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Brunings\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15739425\",\n \"text\": \"Christiaan Brunings Christiaan Brunings (Mannheim-Neckarau, 3 November 1736 – The Hague, 16 May 1805) was a Dutch hydraulic engineer. Brunings was the son of a preacher in Mannheim-Neckarau in Germany. After high school he attended the University of Heidelberg. He had to break off his studies for lack of money and found work in the vinegar works of his brother in the Netherlands. Here he met Jan Noppen (1706-1764), superintendent of the \\\"Hoogheemraadschap van Rijnland\\\" (Rijnland Water Board). He was Brunings' mentor and taught him music, mathematics, physics, astronomy and engineering. After the death of Noppen, Brunings succeeded him on\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Brunings\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11417465\",\n \"text\": \"August 2006, he was Finance & Logistics Director and a member of the Board of Janssen-Cilag Belgium NV. On 1 September 2006, he was appointed Chief Financial and Administration Officer of Innogenetics and on 15 October 2007, he became Executive Officer and a member of the Board. Christiaan De Wilde Christiaan De Wilde is a Belgian businessman, and he is at present the Chief Executive Officer of the Belgian biotech company Innogenetics. Christiaan De Wilde in Accountancy at the \\\"Hogeschool Gent\\\" (BME) (Ghent) and obtained a degree in Taxation and a master's degree in Industrial Entrepreneurship, both at EHSAL (Brussels).\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan De Wilde\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14212464\",\n \"text\": \"Christiaan Roets Christiaan Roets is a Wales international rugby league footballer who plays as a or forward for the West Wales Raiders in Betfred League 1. He previously played for the Bridgend Blue Bulls in the Welsh rugby league competition, South Wales Scorpions in the Championship One, and started his rugby league career at Swansea Valley Miners. Roets was born in South Africa. He made his international début in the 2009 European Cup where he earned a \\\"Man of the Match\\\" performance, scoring three tries against the Serbians. He also featured in the European Cup Championship Final against Scotland scoring\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Roets\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14212462\",\n \"text\": \"Christiaan Roets Christiaan Roets is a Wales international rugby league footballer who plays as a or forward for the West Wales Raiders in Betfred League 1. He previously played for the Bridgend Blue Bulls in the Welsh rugby league competition, South Wales Scorpions in the Championship One, and started his rugby league career at Swansea Valley Miners. Roets was born in South Africa. He made his international début in the 2009 European Cup where he earned a \\\"Man of the Match\\\" performance, scoring three tries against the Serbians. He also featured in the European Cup Championship Final against Scotland scoring\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Roets\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1074894\",\n \"text\": \"Barnard, Kansas Barnard is a city in Lincoln County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 70. Barnard was first settled in 1888, and it was incorporated as a city in 1904. Barnard was named for J.F. Barnard, a railroad employee. Barnard is located at (39.189213, -98.043078). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all of it land. The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Barnard has a humid subtropical\",\n \"title\": \"Barnard, Kansas\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14730093\",\n \"text\": \"immediate rank of Lieutenant, he was head of an intelligence and escape network codenamed Sector 6-North-F (stretching from the neighbouring of Orchies to Lille) with HQ in Beuvry. Buisine codenamed agent 28/24 who was working under the authority of Belgian Officer Desmet was unaware of his commanding officer true idendity. Waiting to be alone with Buisine, here is what Lindemans had to say: In the following days, Buisine did learnt to his own disbelief that Freddi Desmet, SOE Captain of the Belgian army with an impeccable track record and Christiaan Lindemans, one of the leaders of the Communist group CS\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Lindemans\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1074899\",\n \"text\": \"family was $33,333. Males had a median income of $22,500 versus $17,917 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,329. There were 22.2% of families and 14.7% of the population living below the poverty line, including 25.0% of under eighteens and 18.5% of those over 64. Barnard is served by USD 298 Lincoln. Barnard schools were closed through school unification. The Barnard High School mascot was Cardinals. Barnard, Kansas Barnard is a city in Lincoln County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 70. Barnard was first settled in 1888, and it\",\n \"title\": \"Barnard, Kansas\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18979360\",\n \"text\": \"Carrying 1,290 troops, \\\"Christiaan Huygens\\\" sailed from Fremantle, Western Australia on 22 September with Convoy US 5, arriving at Suez, Egypt on 12 October. She sailed from Suez on 28 October 1940 as a member of Convoy SW 2A, which dispersed off Aden on 1 November. Her destination was Bombay, India. \\\"Christiaan Huygens\\\" departed from Bombay on 12 November with Convoy BN 8A, which arrived at Suez on 23 November. She then joined Convoy BN 9A, which sailed on 30 November and dispersed off her destination of Aden on 5 December. \\\"Christiaan Huygens\\\" then sailed to Colombo, Ceylon, from where\",\n \"title\": \"MV Christiaan Huygens\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8656569\",\n \"text\": \"years later he was named Young Musical Talent for 2000. In the same year, he had his debut with the Residentie Orkest under conductor Jaap van Zweden. In 2004 he became winner of the XII Concurso Internacional de Piano Maria Campina in Faro, Portugal. He studied with Michail Markov at the Twente Music School, the Van Zweden School of Music and Enschede Conservatory. Subsequently, he had masterclasses with, amongst others, Menahem Pressler, Jerome Rose, Ton Hartsuiker, Mitsuko Uchida, and Leslie Howard. Christiaan Kuyvenhoven Christiaan Kuyvenhoven (born 1985) is a Dutch pianist. In April 2005 Kuyvenhoven won Third Prize at the\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Kuyvenhoven\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18542896\",\n \"text\": \"Christiaan Heij Christiaan Heij (born 1950s) is a Dutch mathematician, Assistant Professor in statistics and econometrics at the Econometric Institute at the Erasmus University Rotterdam, known for his work in the field of mathematical systems theory, and econometrics. Heij did his phD research at the University of Groningen in the 1980s among other young system theorists, such as Hans Nieuwenhuis, Pieter Otter, Jan Camiel Willems, and Dirk T. Tempelaar. In 1988 he graduated under Willems, Professor of Systems and Control and Nieuwenhuis with the thesis \\\"Deterministic Identification of Dynamical Systems,\\\" which was published the next year by Springer in the\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Heij\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18265045\",\n \"text\": \"and Sheffield-based artist Phlegm on a mission to give final moments of vivacious life to yet another to be demolished building in London - the Blithehale Medical Centre in Bethnal Green. Christiaan Nagel Christiaan Nagel is a British street artist known for his oversized mushroom sculptures made from polyurethane which he places high up on buildings. They stretch as far as London, New York, Barcelona, Berlin, Cape Town, Los Angeles Nagel was born in South Africa and grew up in Durban. As a part of the Durban surfing community he participated as a member of this subculture of surf and\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Nagel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17477720\",\n \"text\": \"Christiaan Timmermans Christiaan Willem Anton Timmermans (born 6 December 1941 in Rotterdam) is a Dutch law professor and judge. He has been a judge at the European Court of Justice. Timmermans was born in 1941 in Rotterdam. He pursued a career as law clerk in the European Court of Justice, working there between 1966 and 1969. He then worked as an official for the Commission of the European Communities between 1969 and 1977. In 1973 he obtained a Ph.D. in Law Studies at Leiden University. He subsequently worked as a professor of European Law at the University of Groningen between\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Timmermans\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12066692\",\n \"text\": \"suffered serious injury inside the park in a crocodile attack. Hereafter he commenced a new career in the Damaraland desert, where he acted as guide and conservation official for \\\"Wilderness Safaris\\\". In 2014, he was nominated as number 7 of the top twenty safari guides in Africa by Conde Nast Traveller. He currently works on education and advocacy projects with his wife Marcia on issues related to wildlife crime, environmental damage and social justice. Christiaan Bakkes Christiaan Mathys Bakkes ... (born 3 August 1965, Vredenburg, South Africa) is a South African writer. He is the son of Cas and Margaret\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Bakkes\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12066691\",\n \"text\": \"Christiaan Bakkes Christiaan Mathys Bakkes ... (born 3 August 1965, Vredenburg, South Africa) is a South African writer. He is the son of Cas and Margaret Bakkes and the brother of Marius, Matilde and Casparus. He is married to Marcia Ann Fargnoli, an environmental activist. He received a National Diploma in Nature Conservation and led an anti-poaching unit as part of his military service. For a time he worked as a game ranger in the Kruger National Park, where during the early 1990s he was involved in elephant culling, a practice to which he developed ethical objections. In 1994 he\",\n \"title\": \"Christiaan Bakkes\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9677773\",\n \"text\": \"1999 book \\\"Disco Bloodbath\\\", and Dianne Brill, who was crowned \\\"Queen of the Night\\\" by Andy Warhol. Famous for being famous Famous for being famous is a pejorative term for someone who attains celebrity status for no particularly identifiable reason (as opposed to fame based on achievements, skill, or talent) and appears to generate their own fame, or someone who achieves fame through a family or relationship association with an existing celebrity. The term originates from an analysis of the media-dominated world called \\\"The Image: A Guide to Pseudo-events in America\\\" (1961), by historian and social theorist Daniel J. Boorstin.\",\n \"title\": \"Famous for being famous\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18361317\",\n \"text\": \"Sprange v Barnard Sprange v Barnard (1789) 2 Bro CC 585 is an English trusts law case, concerning the certainty of subject matter to create a trust. It is an example of a court concluding that the words of a testament being interpreted to mean, in essence, that a gift was intended rather than a trust. The testatrix left £300 worth of annuities to her husband ‘for his sole use; and at his death, the remaining part of what is left, that he does not want for his own wants and use to be divided between’ a number of beneficiaries.\",\n \"title\": \"Sprange v Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1126038\",\n \"text\": \"also hunt. Barnard is the home to the newly consolidated South Nodaway R-IV School District. Originally, the Pre-K through 6th Grade elementary school had been located in nearby Guilford, five miles east of the town. In 2013, due to the rising costs of maintaining the old elementary school, the district was consolidated into one building in Barnard by expanding the existing high school. Barnard, Missouri Barnard is a city in Nodaway County, Missouri, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 221. Barnard was platted in 1870. The city was named for J. F. Barnard, a railroad\",\n \"title\": \"Barnard, Missouri\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13455305\",\n \"text\": \"Brooks Barnard Brooks Alexander Barnard (born November 4, 1979) is an American football punter. He played professional football for the New England Patriots in the National Football League (NFL) and for the Rhein Fire in the NFL Europe. He played college football for the Maryland Terrapins at the University of Maryland. Brooks Barnard was born to parents John and Karen Barnard on November 4, 1979 in Arnold, Maryland. Former Baltimore Orioles third baseman Brooks Robinson was his namesake. Barnard attended Broadneck High School where he was a four-year letterwinner on the football team and set every school record for both\",\n \"title\": \"Brooks Barnard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1126032\",\n \"text\": \"Barnard, Missouri Barnard is a city in Nodaway County, Missouri, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 221. Barnard was platted in 1870. The city was named for J. F. Barnard, a railroad official. A post office called Barnard has been in operation since 1871. Barnard is located at (40.174742, -94.822839), on the east bank of the One Hundred and Two River. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all land. As of the census of 2010, there were 221 people, 93 households, and 59 families residing in\",\n \"title\": \"Barnard, Missouri\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["surgeon"],"string":"[\n \"surgeon\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":397,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"where was dwight d. eisenhower from?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"5361371","text":"Stratford station in East London to York, after being specially cleaned by Kings Cross Top Shed staff. It was withdrawn from service on 20 July 1963. By this time, the Deltic diesel electric locomotives had displaced steam from premier services so the A4 fleet was reduced and concentrated further north. \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" was donated to the United States of America and sent to Doncaster Works for restoration. Earmarked for the National Railroad Museum in Ashwaubenon, a suburb of Green Bay, Wisconsin, the locomotive was cosmetically restored at Doncaster Works 19 July 1963. The following spring, it was shipped to","title":"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5361371\",\n \"text\": \"Stratford station in East London to York, after being specially cleaned by Kings Cross Top Shed staff. It was withdrawn from service on 20 July 1963. By this time, the Deltic diesel electric locomotives had displaced steam from premier services so the A4 fleet was reduced and concentrated further north. \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" was donated to the United States of America and sent to Doncaster Works for restoration. Earmarked for the National Railroad Museum in Ashwaubenon, a suburb of Green Bay, Wisconsin, the locomotive was cosmetically restored at Doncaster Works 19 July 1963. The following spring, it was shipped to\",\n \"title\": \"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"6826764","text":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial The Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial is a United States presidential memorial under construction, honoring Dwight D. Eisenhower, the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe during World War II and the 34th President of the United States. On October 25, 1999, the United States Congress created the Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial Commission, and charged it with creating \"...an appropriate permanent memorial to Dwight D. Eisenhower...to perpetuate his memory and his contributions to the United States.\" A preliminary design by architect Frank Gehry proved controversial. After several years of hearings and several design changes, a revised","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial"},{"psg_id":"100583","text":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Dwight David \"Ike\" Eisenhower ( ; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American army general and statesman who served as the 34th President of the United States from 1953 to 1961. During World War II, he was a five-star general in the United States Army and served as Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Forces in Europe. He was responsible for planning and supervising the invasion of North Africa in Operation Torch in 1942–43 and the successful invasion of France and Germany in 1944–45 from the Western Front. Born David Dwight Eisenhower in Denison,","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"1591708","text":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower USS \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" (CVN-69) (known informally as \"\"Ike\"\") is a nuclear-powered aircraft carrier currently in service with the United States Navy. Commissioned in 1977, the ship is the second of the ten s currently in service, and is the first ship named after the 34th President of the United States, Dwight D. Eisenhower. The vessel was initially named simply as USS \"Eisenhower\", much like the lead ship of the class, , but the name was changed to its present form on 25 May 1970. The carrier, like all others of her class, was constructed at","title":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"1591717","text":"Naval Shipyard (Portsmouth, Virginia) in September 1988; she returned to the fleet in April 1989. In 1990, \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" completed her seventh Mediterranean deployment. The deployment became a commemorative event in the worldwide \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Centennial\", celebrating the 100th anniversary of the late president's birth. During D-Day anniversary ceremonies off the coast of Normandy, President Eisenhower's son John Eisenhower and D-Day veterans embarked in the ship, while Carrier Air Wing Seven conducted a memorial flyover of the American cemetery at Omaha Beach in Normandy, France. In response to Iraq's invasion of Kuwait, \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" became the first","title":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"1591724","text":"or foreign militant supporters escaping\" Somalia. In March 2007, following the Iranian seizure of Royal Navy personnel, \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" began battle group exercises off the Iranian coastline. The following month, in April, the ship was relieved by \"Nimitz\". On 4 October 2008 \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" Petty Officer 2nd Class Robert Lemar Robinson was killed aboard ship during training exercises off the coast of North Carolina. The sailor was struck and mortally wounded, by an airplane at 8:15 p.m. on the carrier's flight deck. On 21 February 2009, \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" deployed for the Arabian Sea and environs rotating into","title":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"100615","text":"General George V. Mosely, Assistant Secretary of War, from 1929 to February 1933. Major Dwight D. Eisenhower graduated from the Army Industrial College (Washington, DC) in 1933 and later served on the faculty (it was later expanded to become the Industrial College of the Armed Services and is now known as the Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy). His primary duty was planning for the next war, which proved most difficult in the midst of the Great Depression. He then was posted as chief military aide to General Douglas MacArthur, Army Chief of Staff. In 1932,","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"1591726","text":"2009, \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" returned to Naval Station Norfolk after an almost six-month long deployment. On 2 January 2010, \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" again deployed to the U.S. 5th and 6th Fleet areas of operation in the Middle East. She served as the flagship of the \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" Carrier Strike Group commanded by Rear Admiral Philip S. Davidson. While in theater, the strike group provided security cooperation, forward naval presence, maritime security, and crisis response. In addition to \"Ike\", the strike group was made up of Carrier Air Wing 7; Commander, Destroyer Squadron 28; the guided-missile cruiser ; and guided-missile","title":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"1591731","text":"2018, is in the steel cutting and fabrication stages of construction.. The exact date of the ship's inactivation and decommissioning will likely depend on many factors, including Defense Department funding considerations. \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" has earned a number of awards, including the Battle \"E\" in 1979, 1980, 1981, 1985, 1990, 1998, 1999, 2006 and 2012 as the most battle efficient carrier in the Atlantic Fleet. In 1999, she won the Marjorie Sterrett Battleship Fund Award for the Atlantic Fleet. USS Dwight D. Eisenhower USS \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" (CVN-69) (known informally as \"\"Ike\"\") is a nuclear-powered aircraft carrier currently in service","title":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"13364825","text":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Park (San Antonio) Dwight D. Eisenhower Park, also known as Eisenhower City Park is a park located in the Texas Hill Country outside San Antonio. It is managed by the City of San Antonio Parks and Recreation Department. The park was formerly part of the US Army training ground Camp Bullis. It was opened to the public in 1988. The park is named after U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower who was originally from Texas and was an army commander at nearby Fort Sam Houston. The park is popular for hiking; there are over of trails. There are","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Park (San Antonio)"},{"psg_id":"100736","text":"are part of the Presidential Medal of Appreciation Award Medal Series. The Interstate Highway System is officially known as the \"Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways\" in his honor. It was inspired in part by Eisenhower's own Army experiences in World War II, where he recognized the advantages of the autobahn system in Germany. Commemorative signs reading \"Eisenhower Interstate System\" and bearing Eisenhower's permanent 5-star rank insignia were introduced in 1993 and now are displayed throughout the Interstate System. Several highways are also named for him, including the Eisenhower Expressway (Interstate 290) near Chicago. the Eisenhower","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"6826830","text":"received from FedEx, Honeywell, Pfizer, and an anonymous donor. Commission officials said that if Congress authorized another $41 million in 2018, the commission would have enough money to build the memorial (a total of $111 million). The Eisenhower Memorial Commission consists of 12 appointed commissioners. Four members are appointed by the President of the United States. They are: Four members are appointed by the President Pro Tempore of the United States Senate. They are: Four members are appointed by the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. They are: Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial The Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial is","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial"},{"psg_id":"12942190","text":"First inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower The first inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower as the 34th President of the United States was held on Tuesday, January 20, 1953, at the east portico of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.. The inauguration marked the commencement of the first four-year term of Dwight D. Eisenhower as President and of Richard Nixon as Vice President. Chief Justice Fred M. Vinson administered the presidential oath of office to Eisenhower. The vice presidential oath was administered to Nixon by Senator William Knowland (R–CA). Eisenhower placed his hand on two Bibles when he recited the","title":"First inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"100739","text":"became president on January 20, 1953. He was returned to active duty when he left office eight years later. General: Dwight D. Eisenhower Dwight David \"Ike\" Eisenhower ( ; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American army general and statesman who served as the 34th President of the United States from 1953 to 1961. During World War II, he was a five-star general in the United States Army and served as Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Forces in Europe. He was responsible for planning and supervising the invasion of North Africa in Operation Torch in 1942–43","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"100737","text":"Tunnel on Interstate 70 west of Denver, and Interstate 80 in California. Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy is a senior war college of the Department of Defense's National Defense University in Washington, DC. Eisenhower graduated from this school when it was previously known as the Army Industrial College. The school's building on Fort Lesley J. McNair, when it was known as the Industrial College of the Armed Forces, was dedicated as Eisenhower Hall in 1960. Eisenhower was honored on a US one dollar coin, minted from 1971 to 1978. His centenary was honored on a","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"5361364","text":"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower 60008 \"Dwight D Eisenhower\" is an LNER Class A4 steam locomotive named after the United States General of the Army. Built for the London & North Eastern Railway in 1937, this locomotive was originally numbered 4496 and named \"Golden Shuttle\". It was renamed \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" after World War II and renumbered 8 on 23 November 1946 under Edward Thompson's LNER 1946 renumbering scheme. After nationalisation in 1948 British Railways renumbered it 60008 on 29 October 1948. It was retired from service in 1963, and was moved to the National Railroad Museum in","title":"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"7458321","text":"Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower The presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower began on January 20, 1953, when he was inaugurated as the 34th President of the United States, and ended on January 20, 1961. Eisenhower, a Republican, took office as president following a landslide win over Democrat Adlai Stevenson in the 1952 presidential election. This victory upended the New Deal Coalition that had kept the presidency in the hands of the Democratic Party for 20 years. Four years later, in the 1956 presidential election, he defeated Stevenson in a landslide again, winning a second term in office. He was succeeded","title":"Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"7458441","text":"while withdrawing support from European colonialism. He rescued the Republican Party from isolationism and McCarthyism. He maintained prosperity, balanced the budget, promoted technological innovation, facilitated (if reluctantly) the civil rights movement and warned, in the most memorable farewell address since Washington's, of a \"military–industrial complex\" that could endanger the nation's liberties. Not until Reagan would another president leave office with so strong a sense of having accomplished what he set out to do. Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower The presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower began on January 20, 1953, when he was inaugurated as the 34th President of the United","title":"Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"13364826","text":"also picnic areas, playground, camp sites and nature trails. Wildlife such as white-tail deer, armadillos, raccoons, skunks and others live in the park. It is also popular for bird watching. Dwight D. Eisenhower Park (San Antonio) Dwight D. Eisenhower Park, also known as Eisenhower City Park is a park located in the Texas Hill Country outside San Antonio. It is managed by the City of San Antonio Parks and Recreation Department. The park was formerly part of the US Army training ground Camp Bullis. It was opened to the public in 1988. The park is named after U.S. President Dwight","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Park (San Antonio)"},{"psg_id":"5091997","text":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum and Boyhood Home The Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum and Boyhood Home is the presidential library and museum of Dwight David Eisenhower, the 34th President of the United States (1953–1961), located in his hometown of Abilene, Kansas. The museum also includes his boyhood home, where he lived from 1898 until being appointed to West Point in 1911, and his final resting place. It is one of the thirteen presidential libraries under the auspices of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). Admission to the Visitor Center, Place of Meditation (gravesite), and the archives","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum and Boyhood Home"},{"psg_id":"5361379","text":"along with the other 5 surviving A4s. In 2015, Hornby also released a model of it in its original garter blue livery and name, \"Golden Shuttle\". LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower 60008 \"Dwight D Eisenhower\" is an LNER Class A4 steam locomotive named after the United States General of the Army. Built for the London & North Eastern Railway in 1937, this locomotive was originally numbered 4496 and named \"Golden Shuttle\". It was renamed \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" after World War II and renumbered 8 on 23 November 1946 under Edward Thompson's LNER 1946 renumbering scheme. After nationalisation in","title":"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"1591719","text":"for overhaul and conversion, returning to the fleet 12 November 1993. In September 1994, \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" and elements of the U.S. 10th Mountain Division first tested the concept of adaptive force packaging. The division's soldiers and equipment were loaded on board, and the ship's Army/Navy team headed for Port-au-Prince to lead Operation Uphold Democracy, the U.S.-led effort to restore the elected government of Haiti. One month later, in October 1994, \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" departed for a six-month deployment which included flying missions in support of Operation Southern Watch and Operation Deny Flight. This deployment marked the first time that","title":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"13356510","text":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Supreme Court candidates During his two terms in office, President Dwight D. Eisenhower appointed five members of the Supreme Court of the United States: Chief Justice Earl Warren, and Associate Justices John Marshall Harlan, William Brennan, Charles Evans Whittaker, and Potter Stewart. Chief Justice Fred Vinson died in office on September 8, 1953. Eisenhower appointed California Governor Earl Warren as Chief Justice on October 5, 1953, by using a recess appointment. In 1952 Warren had stood as a \"favorite son\" candidate of California for the Republican nomination for President, but withdrew in support of Eisenhower. Warren was","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Supreme Court candidates"},{"psg_id":"6990070","text":"Military career of Dwight D. Eisenhower The military career of Dwight D. Eisenhower encompassed over forty six years of active service. Entering the United States Military Academy in June 1911, Eisenhower had a \"spectacular\" 1912 football touchdown praised by the \"New York Herald\". The week after sharing a tackle of Jim Thorpe , Eisenhower's sports career ended with a severe knee injury. Eisenhower graduated in 1915 ranked 61st in a class of 164. The risk, however, that the football injury would cause the government to later have to give Eisenhower a medical discharge and pension, almost caused the army to","title":"Military career of Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"12852304","text":"Earl D. Eisenhower Earl Dewey Eisenhower (February 1, 1898 – December 18, 1968) was an American electrical engineer and legislator, as well as the younger brother of U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower. Born in Abilene, Kansas, his brothers were President Dwight Eisenhower, attorney Edgar N. Eisenhower, and university president Milton Eisenhower. Eisenhower moved to the U.S. state of Washington, where he stayed with his brother Edgar who helped with college expenses. Earl Eisenhower graduated from the University of Washington in 1923 with a degree in electrical engineering. After working on a passenger ship, he worked in Pennsylvania with West Penn","title":"Earl D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"6826819","text":"Eisenhower Memorial Commission and the design and construction of the Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial were initially intended to be fully funded by the federal government. The Eisenhower Memorial Commission assured the Eisenhower family that no private fundraising for the memorial would be needed. This was an important issue for the Eisenhowers, who have established or sit on the board of directors of six \"legacy organizations\". The family was concerned that fundraising for the memorial would negatively affect their ability to fundraise for these legacy organizations. In 2008, however, House Appropriations Committee staff informed the Eisenhower Memorial Commission that Congress was","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial"},{"psg_id":"8284706","text":"Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy The Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy (Eisenhower School), formerly known as the Industrial College of the Armed Forces (ICAF), is a part of the National Defense University. It was renamed on September 6, 2012 in honor of Dwight D. Eisenhower who graduated from this school when it was previously known as the Army Industrial College. The Eisenhower School is a United States military educational institution tasked with preparing selected military officers and civilians for senior national security leadership positions dealing with the resource component of","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy"},{"psg_id":"6990101","text":"May 31, 1952 and resigned his commission on July 18, 1952 to run for President. He was restored to active duty on March 30, 1961. Notes - In addition, Eisenhower's name was given to a variety of streets, avenues, etc. in cities around the world, including Paris, France. Military career of Dwight D. Eisenhower The military career of Dwight D. Eisenhower encompassed over forty six years of active service. Entering the United States Military Academy in June 1911, Eisenhower had a \"spectacular\" 1912 football touchdown praised by the \"New York Herald\". The week after sharing a tackle of Jim Thorpe","title":"Military career of Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"4416804","text":"Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport is a commercial airport located about west of downtown Wichita, Kansas, United States. It is the largest and busiest airport in the state of Kansas. ICT covers 3,248 acres (1,314 ha). The airport is commonly referred to as Eisenhower National Airport or by its former name Mid-Continent Airport. The airport's airport code, ICT, is also a commonly used nickname for the city. The airport was previously Wichita Mid-Continent Airport. The name was to be changed on March 31, 2015 by the city of Wichita, but the official change","title":"Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport"},{"psg_id":"13356518","text":"nominated on January 17, 1959, and was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 5, 1959, by a vote of 70–17. Following is a list of individuals who were mentioned in various news accounts and books as having been considered by Eisenhower for a Supreme Court appointment: Dwight D. Eisenhower Supreme Court candidates During his two terms in office, President Dwight D. Eisenhower appointed five members of the Supreme Court of the United States: Chief Justice Earl Warren, and Associate Justices John Marshall Harlan, William Brennan, Charles Evans Whittaker, and Potter Stewart. Chief Justice Fred Vinson died in office","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Supreme Court candidates"},{"psg_id":"4416813","text":"and had been converted into a cocktail lounge. Gate 11 was last used by Delta Air Lines/Delta Connection until they merged with Northwest Airlines and moved to the East Concourse in February 2010, this Gate was then converted to other use. Also in 2015, when the terminal closed, only gates 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 10 & 12 had boarding bridges. On March 4, 2014, the Wichita City Council approved changing the name of the airport from Wichita Mid-Continent Airport to Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport, in honor of former president, general, and Kansas native Dwight D. Eisenhower. Groundbreaking","title":"Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport"},{"psg_id":"100738","text":"commemorative dollar coin issued in 1990. In 1969, four major record companies – ABC Records, MGM Records, Buddha Records and Caedmon Audio – released tribute albums in Eisenhower's honor. In 1999, the United States Congress created the Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial Commission, to create an enduring national memorial in Washington, D.C.. In 2009, the commission chose the architect Frank Gehry to design the memorial. The memorial will stand on a four-acre site near the National Mall on Maryland Avenue, SW across the street from the National Air and Space Museum. Note – Eisenhower relinquished his active duty status when he","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"9477858","text":"Dwight D. Eisenhower High School (Blue Island, Illinois) Dwight D. Eisenhower High School (Eisenhower, DDE, EHS or Ike) is a public four-year high school located in Blue Island, Illinois, a southern suburb of Chicago, Illinois, in the United States. It is part of Community High School District 218 along with sister schools Alan B. Shepard High School and Harold L. Richards High School. Eisenhower is a diverse school with a balanced student body of Caucasian, Hispanic and African American students. Eisenhower serves students from the communities of Blue Island, Calumet Park, Robbins, Alsip, Merrionette Park, Posen, Deer Pointe & Garden","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower High School (Blue Island, Illinois)"},{"psg_id":"5361370","text":"unveiling, but this could not be arranged. From new, \"Golden Shuttle\" was allocated to Doncaster shed for just nine days from 20–29 September 1937. It was transferred to Kings Cross Top Shed until 4 December 1939 when it was reallocated to Grantham. 4 June 1950 saw \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" reallocated back to Top Shed. 7 April 1957 saw a move back to Grantham until it was sent back to 'Top Shed' on 15 September 1957. Its final depot allocation was New England shed in Peterborough from 16 June 1963. 4 October 1962, \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" hauled a special train from","title":"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"5267505","text":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center The Dwight D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center (EAMC) is a 93-bed medical treatment facility located on Fort Gordon, Ga., located near Augusta, Georgia that previously served as the headquarters of the Army's Southeast Regional Medical Command (SERMC). SERMC oversaw the Army's hospitals and clinics within the southeastern United States and Puerto Rico. SERMC was renamed Southern Regional Medical Command (SRMC) and was relocated to San Antonio in 2009. The hospital started as Camp Gordon Station Hospital in 1941, caring for World War II casualties and dependents. It was closed in 1946, but reopened as","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center"},{"psg_id":"12942191","text":"oath: the Bible used by George Washington in 1789, opened to II Chronicles 7:14; and his own personal \"West Point Bible,\" opened to Psalm 33:12. Afterward, he recited his own prayer, rather than kissing the Bible. The 1953 United States Congress Joint Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies, the group responsible for the planning and execution of the Inauguration, was composed of: First inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower The first inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower as the 34th President of the United States was held on Tuesday, January 20, 1953, at the east portico of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C..","title":"First inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"5267511","text":"ASAM Level III Programs are the highest level of multidisciplinary treatment programs and provide care to the full spectrum of patients with alcohol and substance dependence disorders combined with conditions such as PTSD, Depression, and mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Dwight D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center The Dwight D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center (EAMC) is a 93-bed medical treatment facility located on Fort Gordon, Ga., located near Augusta, Georgia that previously served as the headquarters of the Army's Southeast Regional Medical Command (SERMC). SERMC oversaw the Army's hospitals and clinics within the southeastern United States and Puerto Rico. SERMC was renamed","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center"},{"psg_id":"1591710","text":"awarded the contract for construction. On 30 June 1975, her designation was changed from CVAN-69 to CVN-69. She was laid down as hull number 599 on 15 August 1970 at Newport News shipyard at a cost of $679 million ($4.5 billion in 2016 dollars), launched 11 October 1975 after christening by Mamie Doud-Eisenhower, and commissioned 18 October 1977, Captain William E. Ramsey in command. On commissioning, she replaced the aging World War II–era carrier in the fleet. \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" was initially assigned to the United States Atlantic Fleet, and, after receiving over a year of training, the ship was","title":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"6826828","text":"memorial design, remain an area of significant concern,\" the bill read. \"It is inconceivable and unacceptable to the Committee that a memorial to Dwight D. Eisenhower could be designed, approved, and built without the active support of the Eisenhower family.\" The full House Appropriations Committee approved the draft on June 16. The draft Senate version of the bill funded commission operations at $1 million in fiscal 2016. The Senate bill contained nonbinding language, advising the memorial commission that \"Construction should not commence until there is broad support among the public, the Eisenhower family and Congress.\" By June 2015, the memorial's","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial"},{"psg_id":"5092002","text":"separate \"Eisenhower Presidential Library Commission,\" and over the next five years enough money was raised to begin construction. Again, President Eisenhower was present when ground was broken on October 13, 1959. The project took three years to complete, and Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson joined the retired President Eisenhower at the dedication on May 1, 1962. Operation of the site was turned over to the NARA in 1966, when it became the fourth library in the system. The campus has five buildings: Also on the site: Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum and Boyhood Home The Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum and Boyhood Home"},{"psg_id":"100597","text":"to take alternate years at college while the other worked to earn the tuitions. Edgar took the first turn at school, and Dwight was employed as a night supervisor at the Belle Springs Creamery. When Edgar asked for a second year, Dwight consented and worked for a second year. At that time, a friend \"Swede\" Hazlett was applying to the Naval Academy and urged Dwight to apply to the school, since no tuition was required. Eisenhower requested consideration for either Annapolis or West Point with his U.S. Senator, Joseph L. Bristow. Though Eisenhower was among the winners of the entrance-exam","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"4416815","text":"exhibits are part of the terminal's design. Major elements include: The New Terminal/Concourse opened on June 3, 2015. The airport has one terminal and one concourse with 12 gates, all with glass jetways that can accommodate most current commercial aircraft. Concourse Gates: 1–12 Airlines: Alaska Airlines (11), Allegiant Air (3), American Airlines/American Eagle (6 & 7), Delta Air Lines/Delta Connection (1 & 2), Southwest Airlines (4 & 5) & United Airlines/United Express (8 & 9) Other airports in Wichita Other airports in metro Other airports in region Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport is","title":"Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport"},{"psg_id":"9477861","text":"compete in the Special Olympics. The following teams have finished in the top four of their respective IHSA sponsored state championship tournaments or meets: Dwight D. Eisenhower High School (Blue Island, Illinois) Dwight D. Eisenhower High School (Eisenhower, DDE, EHS or Ike) is a public four-year high school located in Blue Island, Illinois, a southern suburb of Chicago, Illinois, in the United States. It is part of Community High School District 218 along with sister schools Alan B. Shepard High School and Harold L. Richards High School. Eisenhower is a diverse school with a balanced student body of Caucasian, Hispanic","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower High School (Blue Island, Illinois)"},{"psg_id":"1591715","text":"October. She once again had to make speed toward Beirut, just five days later on the 26th, because of suicide attacks that killed nearly 300 American and French troops on 23 October. \"Ike\" would remain on station until relieved by carriers and in mid November. In May and June 1984, for the 40th anniversary of D-Day, \"Ike\" was deployed to Normandy, France and Portsmouth, England. The port visit in England included a visit from Queen Elizabeth II. After her fifth deployment \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" went into Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock in October 1985 for a major overhaul. The 18-month","title":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"6826816","text":"and audio to both provide greater insight into how these events were not only important to Eisenhower but also helped change national and world affairs. Some visual components will be superimposed onto the physical memorial, to provide interactivity between the physical and virtual worlds. The app will also include educational games for children. Some of the materials used by the app will be provided by the Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library and Museum. Development costs for the app were anticipated to be $2 million, and the National Park Service would be responsible for maintaining and upgrading the e-memorial once the","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial"},{"psg_id":"6826766","text":"in Europe Day. Three individuals were behind the successful effort to establish a memorial to President Dwight D. Eisenhower: Rocco Siciliano, Senator Daniel Inouye (D-Hawaii), and Senator Ted Stevens (R-Alaska). Siciliano, a Roman Catholic, Italian American born in Utah, was called to active duty as a Private in 1943 while a ROTC student. Promoted quickly to first lieutenant in the United States Army, he was awarded a Bronze Star for valor for his actions as part of the 87th Mountain Infantry Regiment during the Italian Campaign. A graduate of Georgetown Law School, he worked for the National Labor Relations Board","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial"},{"psg_id":"7458325","text":"Western scholars has consistently held Eisenhower as one of the greatest U.S. Presidents. Dwight D. Eisenhower and Senator Robert A. Taft from Ohio were the two front-runners for the Republican Party presidential nomination going into the 1952 Republican presidential primaries. Also contending for the nomination were Governor Earl Warren of California, and former Governor Harold Stassen of Minnesota. Taft led the conservative wing of the party, centered in the Midwest, that rejected many of the New Deal social welfare programs created in the 1930s, and generally held a non-interventionist foreign policy stance, believing that America should avoid alliances with foreign","title":"Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"100719","text":"the expanded campaign schedule and limit himself to the original schedule. Nixon reflected that if Eisenhower had carried out his expanded campaign schedule he might have had a decisive impact on the outcome of the election, especially in states that Kennedy won with razor-thin margins. It was years later before Mamie told Dwight why Nixon changed his mind on Dwight's campaigning. On January 17, 1961, Eisenhower gave his final televised Address to the Nation from the Oval Office. In his farewell speech, Eisenhower raised the issue of the Cold War and role of the U.S. armed forces. He described the","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"1591723","text":"Al-Qaeda operatives located in Somalia. \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" was deployed in the Indian Ocean to provide air cover for the operation and, if needed, to evacuate downed airmen and other casualties. She joined other U.S. and allied vessels from Combined Task Force 150 (CTF-150), based out of Bahrain. A U.S. spokesperson did not say which particular ships comprised the cordon, but the task force included vessels from Canada, France, Germany, Pakistan, the UK and the US. Ships of CTF-150 from the U.S. Navy include the \"Ramage\" and the . The aim of CTF-150's patrols is to \"... stop SICC leaders","title":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"1591729","text":"national security interests in Europe. On 22 November 2016, \"Military Times\" reported that since June 2016, when the ship entered the Persian Gulf after launching strikes from the eastern Mediterranean, the carrier's Captain, Paul Spedero, reported that sorties from \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" had dropped nearly 1,100 bombs on ISIS targets in Iraq and Syria. \"Ike\" returned to homeport Norfolk December 30. On 18 March 2016, while she was sailing off the coast of Virginia, eight members of her deck crew were injured when the arresting gear cables failed and \"came apart\", during the routine landing of an E-2 Hawkeye aircraft.","title":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"1591728","text":"offload in preparation for an upcoming docked planned incremental availability (DPIA) at Norfolk Naval Shipyard. On 26 August 2014, the ship was moved to Berth 42-43 from Dry Dock #8 at Norfolk Naval Shipyard, and as of 4 February 2015, the DPIA was four months behind schedule, with the ship planned to remain in the yard until at least April 2015. On 3 September 2015, the ship went back to sea. On 8 June 2016, \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" and her Carrier Strike Group sailed the Atlantic Ocean into the U.S. 6th Fleet's area of operations (AoR) in support of U.S.","title":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"1591712","text":"She relieved sister-carrier \"Nimitz\" three days after the Iranian hostage rescue attempt. To help maintain morale, Capt. Mauldin allowed the men aboard to participate in \"Flight Deck Olympics\". The Navy also authorized a special ration of beer, consisting of six cans per man, which was dispensed over a two-month period. \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" returned to the Mediterranean Sea for her third deployment, under the command of her third Captain E. W. Clexton, Jr., from 5 January to 13 July 1982. During this deployment, 11 passengers and crew were lost when \"Mamie\", her onboard logistics aircraft, crashed near Souda Bay, Crete,","title":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"8284716","text":"published at the end of the academic year. The senior acquisition program is the capstone course for procurement professionals within the Department of Defense. This course of study prepares selected military officers and civilians for senior level positions in the department’s acquisition organizations. The program consists of the college’s normal ten-month curriculum plus two in-depth elective courses that address acquisition policy and issues. Students completing the program receive a diploma from Defense Acquisition University along with their master's degree. \"For notable alumni, see:\" Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy The Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy"},{"psg_id":"1591725","text":"the forward-deployed forces there. She served as the flagship of Carrier Strike Group 8 commanded by Rear Admiral Kurt W. Tidd. Also embarked were Carrier Air Wing 7 and the staff of Commander, Destroyer Squadron 28. Other ships of Strike Group 8 were , , , , and . In addition to supporting Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom, the strike group conducted maritime security operations including anti-piracy operations. On 16 May, \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" became the first \"Nimitz\"-class carrier to dock pierside in Manama, Bahrain. The last carrier to moor pierside in Bahrain was in 1948. On 30 July","title":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"1591720","text":"women had deployed as crew members of a U.S. Navy combatant. \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\", Carrier Air Wing Three (CVW-3), and the Commander, Cruiser-Destroyer Group 8 staff team included more than 400 women. The integration of women caused some negative headlines for the Navy. During the deployment, 15 women serving aboard had to be reassigned ashore because of pregnancy, earning the ship the nickname \"The Love Boat\". There was also a case of a sailor who filmed himself having sex with a female. In April 1995, the game show \"Wheel of Fortune\" taped two weeks of episodes on the ship's hangar","title":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"1591711","text":"visited by President Jimmy Carter with his wife Rosalynn Carter, Defense Secretary Harold Brown and National Security Advisor Zbigniew Brzeziński. In January 1979, she sailed for her first deployment to the Mediterranean Sea. During this deployment, while off the coast of Israel, Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin visited \"Dwight D. Eisenhower,\" The carrier returned to Norfolk Naval Station in July of the same year. Under the command of her second Commanding Officer, Captain James H. Mauldin, her second deployment occurred in 1980, when she was dispatched by President Carter to the Indian Ocean, in response to the Iran hostage crisis.","title":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"1591709","text":"Newport News Shipbuilding Company in Virginia, with the same design as the lead ship, although the ship has been overhauled twice to bring her up to the standards of those constructed more recently. Since commissioning, \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" has participated in deployments including Operation Eagle Claw during the Iran hostage crisis in 1980, as well as the Gulf War in the 1990s, and more recently in support of U.S. military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. The carrier currently serves as the flagship of Carrier Strike Group 10. On 29 June 1970, then-Northrop Grumman Newport News of Newport News, Virginia was","title":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"5361374","text":"the locomotive was cosmetically overhauled, and received a new coat of authentic BR Brunswick Green paint to replace the inaccurate shade applied during a repaint at Green Bay. The background on the \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" nameplates was also changed from a red colour to a black colour. In mid-August 2012, 60008 left its base in the Green Bay area and travelled to Halifax, Nova Scotia, where it met with 60010 arriving by rail in late September. On 3 October 2012 60008 and 60010 arrived back in the UK at the Port of Liverpool. On 4 October 60008, began its journey","title":"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"1591722","text":"embarked aircraft dropped ordnance in combat while enforcing Operation Southern Watch's No-Fly Zone over Iraq. On 3 October 2006 with Carrier Air Wing Seven (CVW-7), \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" returned to sea as flagship of RADM Allen G. Myers, commanding Carrier Strike Group Eight (CSG-8), which included guided-missile cruiser , guided-missile destroyers and , and fast-attack submarine . She visited Naples, Italy, and then Limassol, Cyprus, for three days in October 2006 before departing to the east. She entered the Persian Gulf in December 2006. On 8 January 2007, a U.S. AC-130 gunship based out of Djibouti was dispatched to target","title":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"100726","text":"President Richard Nixon eulogized Eisenhower, saying: Some men are considered great because they lead great armies or they lead powerful nations. For eight years now, Dwight Eisenhower has neither commanded an army nor led a nation; and yet he remained through his final days the world's most admired and respected man, truly the first citizen of the world. Eisenhower's reputation declined in the immediate years after he left office. During his presidency, he was widely seen by critics as an inactive, uninspiring, golf-playing president. This was in stark contrast to his vigorous young successor, John F. Kennedy, who was 26","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"6826793","text":"time\" that the design team gave to the Section 106 Consultation Meeting process, noting that there are no negative impacts on the view and vista of the U.S. Capitol. The commission's preferred design concept approved in March 2010, which included Commissioner David Eisenhower's approval (Dwight Eisenhower's grandson), represents Eisenhower as president and general through large stone bas reliefs and text. Although final images and quotations are still under consideration, the leading alternative image representing the general is prior to the D-Day invasion in June 1944. Memorials in Washington have historically been controversial. The design has been severely criticized by the","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial"},{"psg_id":"6826783","text":"on Maryland Avenue. The choice of the Maryland Avenue site involved additional congressional action. The Commemorative Works Act barred the erection of any memorials within \"Area 1\", the National Mall and its immediate environs. Any memorial erected in Area 1 required the approval of Congress. Congress provided that approval in \"Approving the location of the commemorative work in the District of Columbia honoring former President Dwight D. Eisenhower\" (P.L. 109-220; May 5, 2006), which authorized construction of the memorial within Area 1. The design process began in 2006. At a commission meeting to consider design principles in March 2006, Siciliano","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial"},{"psg_id":"1591730","text":"Six of the injured deck crew were flown by helicopter to nearby shore-based hospitals, while the other two remained and were treated aboard ship. None of the eight suffered life-threatening injuries. The Hawkeye immediately resumed flight and landed safely at Chambers Field, Norfolk Naval Station, with no reports of injuries to her crew or damage to the aircraft. In December 2016, the ship completed her 17th deployment to the Mediterranean and Persian Gulf in support of Operation Inherent Resolve. \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" is scheduled to be eventually replaced around 2029 by the new , a carrier, that as of fall","title":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"1591721","text":"deck. \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" returned to Newport News Shipbuilding on 17 July 1995 for an 18-month complex overhaul, completed on 27 January 1997. Among other upgrades, they installed a new Advanced combat direction system. The ship departed on her 10th deployment on 10 June 1998 and returned in December. In February 1999, she returned to the Norfolk Navy Shipyard for a six-month refitting and returned to the fleet in June. Upon completion in June 1999, she returned to full duty in the fleet. Deploying in February 2000 and returning that August on the \"Millennium Cruise\", for the first time \"Ike\"s","title":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"1591716","text":"yard period included the addition of the Close-in Weapons System (CIWS), NATO Sea Sparrow Missile System, Naval Tactical Data System, anti-submarine warfare module, communications upgrades and rehabilitation of 1,831 berths in 25 compartments. She re-entered the fleet in April 1987. On 29 February 1988, \"Ike\" started her sixth deployment to the Mediterranean. While returning to Norfolk, on 29 August 1988, she collided with an anchored Spanish coal ship while entering the harbor to dock at Norfolk Naval Station when wind and currents pushed the carrier off course, but only caused minor damage to both ships. \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" entered Norfolk","title":"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"100600","text":"of the class of 1915, which became known as \"the class the stars fell on\", because 59 members eventually became general officers. While Eisenhower was stationed in Texas, he met Mamie Doud of Boone, Iowa. They were immediately taken with each other. He proposed to her on Valentine's Day in 1916. A November wedding date in Denver was moved up to July 1 due to the pending U.S. entry into World War I. They moved many times during their first 35 years of marriage. The Eisenhowers had two sons. Doud Dwight \"Icky\" Eisenhower (1917–1921) died of scarlet fever at the","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"100593","text":"after his birth to avoid the confusion of having two Davids in the family. All of the boys were called \"Ike\", such as \"Big Ike\" (Edgar) and \"Little Ike\" (Dwight); the nickname was intended as an abbreviation of their last name. By World War II, only Dwight was still called \"Ike\". In 1892, the family moved to Abilene, Kansas, which Eisenhower considered his hometown. As a child, he was involved in an accident that cost his younger brother an eye; he later referred to this as an experience that taught him the need to be protective of those under him.","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"6826770","text":"committee to reconcile the House and Senate bills. The conferees inserted language (Section 8162) to authorize the memorial and establish the Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial Commission into the conference report. The House approved the appropriations act 372-to-55 on October 13, and the Senate followed by a vote of 87-to-11 on October 14. President Bill Clinton signed the bill into law (P.L. 106–79) on October 25, 1999. P.L. 106-79 appropriated $300,000 to fund the commission's initial activities. The law established a 12-member commission, four of whom were to be appointed by the President, four by the Senate (equally split between both","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial"},{"psg_id":"100601","text":"age of three. Eisenhower was mostly reticent to discuss his death. Their second son, John Eisenhower (1922–2013), was born in Denver, Colorado. John served in the United States Army, retired as a brigadier general, became an author and served as U.S. Ambassador to Belgium from 1969 to 1971. Coincidentally, John graduated from West Point on D-Day, June 6, 1944. He married Barbara Jean Thompson on June 10, 1947. John and Barbara had four children: David, Barbara Ann, Susan Elaine and Mary Jean. David, after whom Camp David is named, married Richard Nixon's daughter Julie in 1968. Eisenhower was a golf","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"5361365","text":"Ashwaubenon, a suburb of Green Bay, Wisconsin, United States, where it is currently on display. It returned to England in 2012 for display at the National Railway Museum in York when all surviving A4s were reunited. It returned to Green Bay in 2014. Like the other members of the A4 class, \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" has carried numerous liveries during its career. When first introduced into traffic on 4 September 1937, locomotive 4496 was named \"Golden Shuttle\" and painted in LNER garter blue with stainless steel trim on the base of the valances and tender. The numbers and LNER lettering on","title":"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"5267506","text":"Camp Gordon became the more permanent Fort Gordon during the Cold War. The hospital's current building, opened for patients in 1976, replaced sprawling wooden buildings from the World War II era. During the building's dedication a year prior its opening, it was dedicated in honor of former General of the U.S. Army and President Dwight D. Eisenhower, who made his farewell address to the Army at Fort Gordon in 1961. During one visit in 1965 he suffered a heart attack and was treated in a large private suite in the old hospital for two weeks before being sent to Walter","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center"},{"psg_id":"5361368","text":"fitted on 23 June 1950. A double chimney and Kylchap double blastpipe was installed to help performance, during an overhaul 20 August 1958. A Smith-Stone type speed indicator was installed 30 June 1960. \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" has had eleven boilers during its career: 8959 (from new); 8945 (from 4482 \"Golden Eagle\"), 30 January 1942; 8906 (spare) from 23 November 1946; 8955 (from 60026 \"Miles Beevor\"), 14 June 1950; 29314 (new), 9 November 1951; 29303 (from 60030 \"Guillemot\") 18 June 1954; 29296 (from 60033 \"Seagull\"), 8 July 1955; 29308 (from 60032 \"Golden Fleece\"), 20 December 1956; 29312 (from 60010 \"Dominion of","title":"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"5361369","text":"Canada\"), 20 August 1958; 27964 (new), 30 June 1960 and finally 29335 (from 60019 \"Bittern\"), 17 May 1962. \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" had two tenders during its career: 5651 from new and 5671 from 1 April 1957. Locomotive 4496 was to have been named \"Sparrow Hawk\", but was instead named \"Golden Shuttle\". \"Sparrow Hawk\" was later used on 4463. 25 September 1945 locomotive 4496 was ex-works and the next day was at Marylebone station for the directors of the LNER to view it. The nameplates were covered and it was intended that the Supreme Commander, Allied Forces would attend an official","title":"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"9477859","text":"Homes. The current enrollment is over 1,800 students. Dwight D. Eisenhower High School was founded as Blue Island Community High School in 1897 and as such was the first constituent educational institution that today comprises Community High School District 218, which was established in 1927. Blue Island Community High School was accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools (now North Central Association - Commission on Accreditation and School Improvement) in 1899. As president of Columbia University, Eisenhower was the keynote speaker at the dedication of the current facility on Sacramento Ave. in 1951, and the building","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower High School (Blue Island, Illinois)"},{"psg_id":"12852305","text":"Power Company and in Illinois with \"Suburban Newspapers.\" He died in Scottsdale, Arizona. His brother died 3 months after him. Eisenhower served in the Illinois House of Representatives, as a Republican, from 1965 to 1967. He lived in La Grange Park, Illinois. Eisenhower was elected as an at-large representative due to problems with reapportionment. He then ran for County Clerk of Cook County, Illinois and lost in the 1966 election. Earl D. Eisenhower Earl Dewey Eisenhower (February 1, 1898 – December 18, 1968) was an American electrical engineer and legislator, as well as the younger brother of U.S. President Dwight","title":"Earl D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"11720176","text":"Doud Eisenhower Doud Dwight \"Ikky\" Eisenhower (September 24, 1917 – January 2, 1921) was the first son of Dwight D. Eisenhower and Mamie Eisenhower. He was named \"Doud\" in honor of his mother (whose maiden name was Doud) and \"Dwight\" in honor of his father. He was commonly called \"Ikky\" (pronounced as \"icky\") by his parents. Ikky was the first son of future-president Dwight D. Eisenhower and his wife Mamie Eisenhower. He was born on September 24, 1917 in San Antonio, Texas. He and his mother moved to Denver, Colorado while his father was stationed at Camp Meade in Maryland.","title":"Doud Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"8284712","text":"in national resource strategy. The graduating of the class of 1994 was the first to be awarded a master's degree. In 2012, the college was renamed \"The Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy\". It is now commonly known as \"The Eisenhower School\". Today, the official mission of the college is to: \"Prepare selected military officers and civilians for strategic leadership and success in developing our national security strategy and in evaluating, marshalling, and managing resources in the execution of that strategy.\" The faculty is composed of civilian academics and highly qualified military officers from all the","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy"},{"psg_id":"100596","text":"deeply religious men I know\" though unattached to any \"sect or organization\". He was baptized in the Presbyterian Church in 1953. Eisenhower attended Abilene High School and graduated with the class of 1909. As a freshman, he injured his knee and developed a leg infection that extended into his groin, and which his doctor diagnosed as life-threatening. The doctor insisted that the leg be amputated but Dwight refused to allow it, and surprisingly recovered, though he had to repeat his freshman year. He and brother Edgar both wanted to attend college, though they lacked the funds. They made a pact","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"100605","text":"having to pay him. A friend reported that after learning to play contract bridge at West Point, Eisenhower played the game six nights a week for five months. Eisenhower continued to play bridge throughout his military career. While stationed in the Philippines, he played regularly with President Manuel Quezon, and was dubbed \"The bridge wizard of Manila\". During WWII, an unwritten qualification for an officer's appointment to Eisenhower's staff was the ability to play a sound game of bridge. He played even during the stressful weeks leading up to the D-Day landings. His favorite partner was General Alfred Gruenther, considered","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"5361366","text":"the tender were also stainless steel. This livery design was also used on the A4's that were named after countries, on the \"Coronation\" service in order to match with the rolling stock. 4496's next livery was wartime black with \"LNER\" on the tender, applied 30 January 1942. This livery was modified to read just \"NE\" on the tender in a repaint on 12 March 1943. LNER garter blue was reapplied 25 September 1945 and the name \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" applied, but the name was covered until February 1946. The next livery applied was British Railways dark blue livery with black","title":"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"5361367","text":"and white lining on 14 June 1950. The final livery applied was British Railways Brunswick green, applied 9 November 1951. \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\" had a non-standard red background to the nameplate c. 1958. During its time allocated to Grantham motive power depot, the name of the depot was stencilled on the buffer beam. Like all the early A4 locomotives prior to \"Mallard\", \"Golden Shuttle\" was released to service with a single chimney and side valances covering the wheels. The valances were removed to aid in maintenance during a general overhaul on 30 January 1942. Experimental Automatic Train Control equipment was","title":"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"100659","text":"response to personal qualities— to his sincerity, his integrity and sense of duty, his virtue as a family man, his religious devotion, and his sheer likeableness.\" Due to a complete estrangement between the two as a result of campaigning, Truman and Eisenhower had minimal discussions about the transition of administrations. After selecting his budget director, Joseph M. Dodge, Eisenhower asked Herbert Brownell Jr. and Lucius D. Clay to make recommendations for his cabinet appointments. He accepted their recommendations without exception; they included John Foster Dulles and George M. Humphrey with whom he developed his closest relationships, and one woman, Oveta","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"6826812","text":"Susan Eisenhower issued a letter in which she said Gehry Partners had agreed to include images of the D-Day landing sites (as they exist today) on the metal tapestry. A new quote (\"The proudest thing I can claim is that I am from Abilene\") would be added to the quotes carved into the blocks of stone. With these changes, the Eisenhower family agreed to support the memorial. Additional design changes were made in early December 2016. The metal tapestry was changed to remove all images of Abilene, and now only featured the present-day Normandy coast at Pointe du Hoc. The","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial"},{"psg_id":"100721","text":"with our peaceful methods and goals, so that security and liberty may prosper together.\" Because of legal issues related to holding a military rank while in a civilian office, Eisenhower had resigned his permanent commission as General of the Army before entering the office of President of the United States. Upon completion of his Presidential term, his commission was reactivated by Congress and Eisenhower again was commissioned a five-star general in the United States Army. Following the presidency, Eisenhower moved to the place where he and Mamie had spent much of their post-war time. The home was a working farm","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"4416805","text":"occurred within the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) on November 13, 2014 for a deadline to publish new aeronautical charts and airport directories. The new terminal opened on Wednesday, June 3, 2015. The airport is named after Dwight Eisenhower, the 34th President of the United States from 1953 to 1961. His boyhood home, museum, and Presidential Library are at the Eisenhower Presidential Center in Abilene, Kansas. The airport is the site of the Cessna headquarters and main manufacturing plant, as well as a Bombardier service center for Learjet and other business jet aircraft. Over the past 90+ years the largest airport","title":"Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport"},{"psg_id":"6826818","text":"the E Memorial.\" On June 6, 2013, The Eisenhower Memorial Commission premiered the first of six videos which it said would be part of the e-memorial. The new video focused on D-Day. The film, which put the viewer in the role of Eisenhower as he made critical decisions regarding the Normandy landings, used rarely-seen D-Day footage. The General Services Administration issued a \"sources-sought notice\" asking scholars and educators to submit their names and availability to help design elementary and secondary school lesson plans for used on the memorial's Web site. As with most previous presidential memorials, the activities of the","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial"},{"psg_id":"10999680","text":"Jennie Eisenhower Jennie Elizabeth Eisenhower (born August 15, 1978) is an American actress. She has performed in a number of theater productions and had minor roles in some feature films. She is the great-grandchild and grandchild of Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower and Richard Nixon, respectively. Eisenhower was born in San Clemente, California, to Julie Nixon Eisenhower and David Eisenhower. Her maternal grandparents were U.S. President Richard Nixon and First Lady Pat Nixon, while her paternal great-grandparents were U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower and First Lady Mamie Eisenhower. She spent her childhood in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, and graduated \"summa cum laude\"","title":"Jennie Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"100723","text":"Barry Goldwater in a campaign commercial from his Gettysburg retreat. That endorsement came somewhat reluctantly because Goldwater had in the late 1950s criticized Eisenhower's administration as \"a dime-store New Deal\". On January 20, 1969, the day Nixon was inaugurated as President, Eisenhower issued a statement praising his former vice president and calling it a \"day for rejoicing\". On the morning of March 28, 1969, Eisenhower died in Washington, D.C., of congestive heart failure at Walter Reed Army Medical Center; he was 78 years old. The following day, his body was moved to the Washington National Cathedral's Bethlehem Chapel, where he","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"100703","text":"one-vote margin. Senator Robert A. Taft assisted the President greatly in working with the Old Guard, and was sorely missed when his death (in July 1953) left Eisenhower with his successor William Knowland, whom Eisenhower disliked. This prevented Eisenhower from openly condemning Joseph McCarthy's highly criticized methods against communism. To facilitate relations with Congress, Eisenhower decided to ignore McCarthy's controversies and thereby deprive them of more energy from involvement of the White House. This position drew criticism from a number of corners. In late 1953, McCarthy declared on national television that the employment of communists within the government was a","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"17823175","text":"Eisenhower Home The Eisenhower Home in Abilene, Kansas at the Eisenhower Presidential Center, was the house where U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower lived with his five brothers from 1898 to 1911, when he entered the U.S. Military Academy at West Point at age 20. In 1898 Eisenhower's father, David Jacob Eisenhower, and his wife Ida Elizabeth Stover Eisenhower, bought the house from David's uncle Abraham. David and Ida lived in the house until their deaths in 1942 and 1946. The two-story wood-frame house has a hipped roof with a central chimney. There is a one-story addition on the east side,","title":"Eisenhower Home"},{"psg_id":"6791242","text":"Eisenhower Institute The Eisenhower Institute at Gettysburg College promotes nonpartisan discourse and critical analysis of issues of long-term importance through competitive fellowships, access to renowned experts, and symposia. Grounded in President Dwight D. Eisenhower’s legacy of leadership, the Institute prepares undergraduates to assume their responsibility as global citizens in public, private, and nonprofit sectors—students learn how to lead with integrity, build capital to garner influence, and translate knowledge into action. The Eisenhower World Affairs Institute The Eisenhower World Affairs Institute (EWAI) was founded in 1983 by colleagues and confidants of President Dwight D. Eisenhower. Susan Eisenhower, the granddaughter of the","title":"Eisenhower Institute"},{"psg_id":"100630","text":"in which he made improper comments about postwar policy. The D-Day Normandy landings on June 6, 1944, were costly but successful. Two months later (August 15), the invasion of Southern France took place, and control of forces in the southern invasion passed from the AFHQ to the SHAEF. Many thought that victory in Europe would come by summer's end, but the Germans did not capitulate for almost a year. From then until the end of the war in Europe on May 8, 1945, Eisenhower, through SHAEF, commanded all Allied forces, and through his command of ETOUSA had administrative command of","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"8284708","text":"the Army Industrial College had only nine students, but by the early 1930s the college was graduating 40 to 50 students in each class. During the first three years, the college provided a five-month course of study. In 1927, the program was expanded to ten-months with one graduating class each year. Major Dwight D. Eisenhower graduated from the college in 1933 and later served on the faculty. In 1940, the colleges expanded to two classes and then graduated four classes in 1941. The college was closed in December 1941 after Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor to make officers available to","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy"},{"psg_id":"13928862","text":"Jim Eisenhower James J. Eisenhower is a Pennsylvania attorney who is currently Of Counsel at Philadelphia law firm Dilworth Paxson LLP. His practice centers around white collar criminal defense, internal investigations, compliance, ethics and campaign finance matters. James earned a BA from Temple University and a law degree from Antioch School of Law. He earned a Master of Philosophy from Oxford University where he was a Marshall Scholar in 1982. James is married to Nora Dowd Eisenhower. They have two children. He is a distant relative of Dwight D. Eisenhower. He is an amateur guitar player, and was known to","title":"Jim Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"2470457","text":"Mamie Eisenhower Mamie Geneva Doud Eisenhower (November 14, 1896 – November 1, 1979) was the wife of United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower, and the First Lady of the United States from 1953 to 1961. Mamie married Dwight Eisenhower at age 19 in 1916. The young couple moved frequently between military quarters in many postings, from Panama to the Philippines. As First Lady, she entertained a wide range of foreign dignitaries, who reacted well to her confident style and splendid costumes. Mamie Eisenhower spent her retirement and widowhood at the family farm in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Born in Boone, Iowa, and","title":"Mamie Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"100643","text":"only opportunity to be president: Republican Thomas E. Dewey was considered the probable winner and would presumably serve two terms, meaning that Eisenhower, at age 66 in 1956, would be too old to have another chance to run. In 1948, Eisenhower became President of Columbia University, an Ivy League university in New York City, where he was inducted into Phi Beta Kappa. The assignment was described as not being a good fit in either direction. During that year Eisenhower's memoir, \"Crusade in Europe\", was published. Critics regarded it as one of the finest U.S. military memoirs, and it was a","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"100595","text":"and rotated among all the children, and misbehavior was met with unequivocal discipline, usually from David. His mother, previously a member (with David) of the River Brethren sect of the Mennonites, joined the International Bible Students Association, later known as Jehovah's Witnesses. The Eisenhower home served as the local meeting hall from 1896 to 1915, though Eisenhower never joined the International Bible Students. His later decision to attend West Point saddened his mother, who felt that warfare was \"rather wicked\", but she did not overrule him. While speaking of himself in 1948, Eisenhower said he was \"one of the most","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"11001834","text":"China, The Award of Excellence from the Consular Corps, Membership in the OSS Society, among others. Mary Jean Eisenhower Mary Jean Eisenhower (born December 21, 1955) is the President and Chief Executive Officer (and former President and Chairman Emeritus) of People to People International. She is a granddaughter of General Dwight D. Eisenhower, 34th President of the United States. Mary Eisenhower was born in Washington, D.C., during her grandfather's first term and christened in the Blue Room of the White House. She grew up on Eisenhower estate in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, where General Eisenhower retired after leaving office. Ms. Eisenhower attended","title":"Mary Jean Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"100642","text":"MacArthur won the Republican nomination. As the election approached, other prominent citizens and politicians from both parties urged Eisenhower to run for president. In January 1948, after learning of plans in New Hampshire to elect delegates supporting him for the forthcoming Republican National Convention, Eisenhower stated through the Army that he was \"not available for and could not accept nomination to high political office\"; \"life-long professional soldiers\", he wrote, \"in the absence of some obvious and overriding reason, [should] abstain from seeking high political office\". Eisenhower maintained no political party affiliation during this time. Many believed he was forgoing his","title":"Dwight D. Eisenhower"},{"psg_id":"2470469","text":"her connection with the city of Denver and the area surrounding, a park in southeast Denver was given Mamie's name, as well as a public library in Broomfield, Colorado, a suburb of Denver. Mamie Eisenhower Mamie Geneva Doud Eisenhower (November 14, 1896 – November 1, 1979) was the wife of United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower, and the First Lady of the United States from 1953 to 1961. Mamie married Dwight Eisenhower at age 19 in 1916. The young couple moved frequently between military quarters in many postings, from Panama to the Philippines. As First Lady, she entertained a wide","title":"Mamie Eisenhower"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6826764\",\n \"text\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial The Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial is a United States presidential memorial under construction, honoring Dwight D. Eisenhower, the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe during World War II and the 34th President of the United States. On October 25, 1999, the United States Congress created the Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial Commission, and charged it with creating \\\"...an appropriate permanent memorial to Dwight D. Eisenhower...to perpetuate his memory and his contributions to the United States.\\\" A preliminary design by architect Frank Gehry proved controversial. After several years of hearings and several design changes, a revised\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100583\",\n \"text\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Dwight David \\\"Ike\\\" Eisenhower ( ; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American army general and statesman who served as the 34th President of the United States from 1953 to 1961. During World War II, he was a five-star general in the United States Army and served as Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Forces in Europe. He was responsible for planning and supervising the invasion of North Africa in Operation Torch in 1942–43 and the successful invasion of France and Germany in 1944–45 from the Western Front. Born David Dwight Eisenhower in Denison,\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1591708\",\n \"text\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower USS \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" (CVN-69) (known informally as \\\"\\\"Ike\\\"\\\") is a nuclear-powered aircraft carrier currently in service with the United States Navy. Commissioned in 1977, the ship is the second of the ten s currently in service, and is the first ship named after the 34th President of the United States, Dwight D. Eisenhower. The vessel was initially named simply as USS \\\"Eisenhower\\\", much like the lead ship of the class, , but the name was changed to its present form on 25 May 1970. The carrier, like all others of her class, was constructed at\",\n \"title\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1591717\",\n \"text\": \"Naval Shipyard (Portsmouth, Virginia) in September 1988; she returned to the fleet in April 1989. In 1990, \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" completed her seventh Mediterranean deployment. The deployment became a commemorative event in the worldwide \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower Centennial\\\", celebrating the 100th anniversary of the late president's birth. During D-Day anniversary ceremonies off the coast of Normandy, President Eisenhower's son John Eisenhower and D-Day veterans embarked in the ship, while Carrier Air Wing Seven conducted a memorial flyover of the American cemetery at Omaha Beach in Normandy, France. In response to Iraq's invasion of Kuwait, \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" became the first\",\n \"title\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1591724\",\n \"text\": \"or foreign militant supporters escaping\\\" Somalia. In March 2007, following the Iranian seizure of Royal Navy personnel, \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" began battle group exercises off the Iranian coastline. The following month, in April, the ship was relieved by \\\"Nimitz\\\". On 4 October 2008 \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" Petty Officer 2nd Class Robert Lemar Robinson was killed aboard ship during training exercises off the coast of North Carolina. The sailor was struck and mortally wounded, by an airplane at 8:15 p.m. on the carrier's flight deck. On 21 February 2009, \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" deployed for the Arabian Sea and environs rotating into\",\n \"title\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100615\",\n \"text\": \"General George V. Mosely, Assistant Secretary of War, from 1929 to February 1933. Major Dwight D. Eisenhower graduated from the Army Industrial College (Washington, DC) in 1933 and later served on the faculty (it was later expanded to become the Industrial College of the Armed Services and is now known as the Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy). His primary duty was planning for the next war, which proved most difficult in the midst of the Great Depression. He then was posted as chief military aide to General Douglas MacArthur, Army Chief of Staff. In 1932,\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1591726\",\n \"text\": \"2009, \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" returned to Naval Station Norfolk after an almost six-month long deployment. On 2 January 2010, \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" again deployed to the U.S. 5th and 6th Fleet areas of operation in the Middle East. She served as the flagship of the \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" Carrier Strike Group commanded by Rear Admiral Philip S. Davidson. While in theater, the strike group provided security cooperation, forward naval presence, maritime security, and crisis response. In addition to \\\"Ike\\\", the strike group was made up of Carrier Air Wing 7; Commander, Destroyer Squadron 28; the guided-missile cruiser ; and guided-missile\",\n \"title\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1591731\",\n \"text\": \"2018, is in the steel cutting and fabrication stages of construction.. The exact date of the ship's inactivation and decommissioning will likely depend on many factors, including Defense Department funding considerations. \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" has earned a number of awards, including the Battle \\\"E\\\" in 1979, 1980, 1981, 1985, 1990, 1998, 1999, 2006 and 2012 as the most battle efficient carrier in the Atlantic Fleet. In 1999, she won the Marjorie Sterrett Battleship Fund Award for the Atlantic Fleet. USS Dwight D. Eisenhower USS \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" (CVN-69) (known informally as \\\"\\\"Ike\\\"\\\") is a nuclear-powered aircraft carrier currently in service\",\n \"title\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13364825\",\n \"text\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Park (San Antonio) Dwight D. Eisenhower Park, also known as Eisenhower City Park is a park located in the Texas Hill Country outside San Antonio. It is managed by the City of San Antonio Parks and Recreation Department. The park was formerly part of the US Army training ground Camp Bullis. It was opened to the public in 1988. The park is named after U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower who was originally from Texas and was an army commander at nearby Fort Sam Houston. The park is popular for hiking; there are over of trails. There are\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Park (San Antonio)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100736\",\n \"text\": \"are part of the Presidential Medal of Appreciation Award Medal Series. The Interstate Highway System is officially known as the \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways\\\" in his honor. It was inspired in part by Eisenhower's own Army experiences in World War II, where he recognized the advantages of the autobahn system in Germany. Commemorative signs reading \\\"Eisenhower Interstate System\\\" and bearing Eisenhower's permanent 5-star rank insignia were introduced in 1993 and now are displayed throughout the Interstate System. Several highways are also named for him, including the Eisenhower Expressway (Interstate 290) near Chicago. the Eisenhower\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6826830\",\n \"text\": \"received from FedEx, Honeywell, Pfizer, and an anonymous donor. Commission officials said that if Congress authorized another $41 million in 2018, the commission would have enough money to build the memorial (a total of $111 million). The Eisenhower Memorial Commission consists of 12 appointed commissioners. Four members are appointed by the President of the United States. They are: Four members are appointed by the President Pro Tempore of the United States Senate. They are: Four members are appointed by the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. They are: Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial The Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial is\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12942190\",\n \"text\": \"First inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower The first inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower as the 34th President of the United States was held on Tuesday, January 20, 1953, at the east portico of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.. The inauguration marked the commencement of the first four-year term of Dwight D. Eisenhower as President and of Richard Nixon as Vice President. Chief Justice Fred M. Vinson administered the presidential oath of office to Eisenhower. The vice presidential oath was administered to Nixon by Senator William Knowland (R–CA). Eisenhower placed his hand on two Bibles when he recited the\",\n \"title\": \"First inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100739\",\n \"text\": \"became president on January 20, 1953. He was returned to active duty when he left office eight years later. General: Dwight D. Eisenhower Dwight David \\\"Ike\\\" Eisenhower ( ; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American army general and statesman who served as the 34th President of the United States from 1953 to 1961. During World War II, he was a five-star general in the United States Army and served as Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Forces in Europe. He was responsible for planning and supervising the invasion of North Africa in Operation Torch in 1942–43\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100737\",\n \"text\": \"Tunnel on Interstate 70 west of Denver, and Interstate 80 in California. Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy is a senior war college of the Department of Defense's National Defense University in Washington, DC. Eisenhower graduated from this school when it was previously known as the Army Industrial College. The school's building on Fort Lesley J. McNair, when it was known as the Industrial College of the Armed Forces, was dedicated as Eisenhower Hall in 1960. Eisenhower was honored on a US one dollar coin, minted from 1971 to 1978. His centenary was honored on a\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5361364\",\n \"text\": \"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower 60008 \\\"Dwight D Eisenhower\\\" is an LNER Class A4 steam locomotive named after the United States General of the Army. Built for the London & North Eastern Railway in 1937, this locomotive was originally numbered 4496 and named \\\"Golden Shuttle\\\". It was renamed \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" after World War II and renumbered 8 on 23 November 1946 under Edward Thompson's LNER 1946 renumbering scheme. After nationalisation in 1948 British Railways renumbered it 60008 on 29 October 1948. It was retired from service in 1963, and was moved to the National Railroad Museum in\",\n \"title\": \"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7458321\",\n \"text\": \"Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower The presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower began on January 20, 1953, when he was inaugurated as the 34th President of the United States, and ended on January 20, 1961. Eisenhower, a Republican, took office as president following a landslide win over Democrat Adlai Stevenson in the 1952 presidential election. This victory upended the New Deal Coalition that had kept the presidency in the hands of the Democratic Party for 20 years. Four years later, in the 1956 presidential election, he defeated Stevenson in a landslide again, winning a second term in office. He was succeeded\",\n \"title\": \"Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7458441\",\n \"text\": \"while withdrawing support from European colonialism. He rescued the Republican Party from isolationism and McCarthyism. He maintained prosperity, balanced the budget, promoted technological innovation, facilitated (if reluctantly) the civil rights movement and warned, in the most memorable farewell address since Washington's, of a \\\"military–industrial complex\\\" that could endanger the nation's liberties. Not until Reagan would another president leave office with so strong a sense of having accomplished what he set out to do. Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower The presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower began on January 20, 1953, when he was inaugurated as the 34th President of the United\",\n \"title\": \"Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13364826\",\n \"text\": \"also picnic areas, playground, camp sites and nature trails. Wildlife such as white-tail deer, armadillos, raccoons, skunks and others live in the park. It is also popular for bird watching. Dwight D. Eisenhower Park (San Antonio) Dwight D. Eisenhower Park, also known as Eisenhower City Park is a park located in the Texas Hill Country outside San Antonio. It is managed by the City of San Antonio Parks and Recreation Department. The park was formerly part of the US Army training ground Camp Bullis. It was opened to the public in 1988. The park is named after U.S. President Dwight\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Park (San Antonio)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5091997\",\n \"text\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum and Boyhood Home The Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum and Boyhood Home is the presidential library and museum of Dwight David Eisenhower, the 34th President of the United States (1953–1961), located in his hometown of Abilene, Kansas. The museum also includes his boyhood home, where he lived from 1898 until being appointed to West Point in 1911, and his final resting place. It is one of the thirteen presidential libraries under the auspices of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). Admission to the Visitor Center, Place of Meditation (gravesite), and the archives\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum and Boyhood Home\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5361379\",\n \"text\": \"along with the other 5 surviving A4s. In 2015, Hornby also released a model of it in its original garter blue livery and name, \\\"Golden Shuttle\\\". LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower 60008 \\\"Dwight D Eisenhower\\\" is an LNER Class A4 steam locomotive named after the United States General of the Army. Built for the London & North Eastern Railway in 1937, this locomotive was originally numbered 4496 and named \\\"Golden Shuttle\\\". It was renamed \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" after World War II and renumbered 8 on 23 November 1946 under Edward Thompson's LNER 1946 renumbering scheme. After nationalisation in\",\n \"title\": \"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1591719\",\n \"text\": \"for overhaul and conversion, returning to the fleet 12 November 1993. In September 1994, \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" and elements of the U.S. 10th Mountain Division first tested the concept of adaptive force packaging. The division's soldiers and equipment were loaded on board, and the ship's Army/Navy team headed for Port-au-Prince to lead Operation Uphold Democracy, the U.S.-led effort to restore the elected government of Haiti. One month later, in October 1994, \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" departed for a six-month deployment which included flying missions in support of Operation Southern Watch and Operation Deny Flight. This deployment marked the first time that\",\n \"title\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13356510\",\n \"text\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Supreme Court candidates During his two terms in office, President Dwight D. Eisenhower appointed five members of the Supreme Court of the United States: Chief Justice Earl Warren, and Associate Justices John Marshall Harlan, William Brennan, Charles Evans Whittaker, and Potter Stewart. Chief Justice Fred Vinson died in office on September 8, 1953. Eisenhower appointed California Governor Earl Warren as Chief Justice on October 5, 1953, by using a recess appointment. In 1952 Warren had stood as a \\\"favorite son\\\" candidate of California for the Republican nomination for President, but withdrew in support of Eisenhower. Warren was\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Supreme Court candidates\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6990070\",\n \"text\": \"Military career of Dwight D. Eisenhower The military career of Dwight D. Eisenhower encompassed over forty six years of active service. Entering the United States Military Academy in June 1911, Eisenhower had a \\\"spectacular\\\" 1912 football touchdown praised by the \\\"New York Herald\\\". The week after sharing a tackle of Jim Thorpe , Eisenhower's sports career ended with a severe knee injury. Eisenhower graduated in 1915 ranked 61st in a class of 164. The risk, however, that the football injury would cause the government to later have to give Eisenhower a medical discharge and pension, almost caused the army to\",\n \"title\": \"Military career of Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12852304\",\n \"text\": \"Earl D. Eisenhower Earl Dewey Eisenhower (February 1, 1898 – December 18, 1968) was an American electrical engineer and legislator, as well as the younger brother of U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower. Born in Abilene, Kansas, his brothers were President Dwight Eisenhower, attorney Edgar N. Eisenhower, and university president Milton Eisenhower. Eisenhower moved to the U.S. state of Washington, where he stayed with his brother Edgar who helped with college expenses. Earl Eisenhower graduated from the University of Washington in 1923 with a degree in electrical engineering. After working on a passenger ship, he worked in Pennsylvania with West Penn\",\n \"title\": \"Earl D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6826819\",\n \"text\": \"Eisenhower Memorial Commission and the design and construction of the Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial were initially intended to be fully funded by the federal government. The Eisenhower Memorial Commission assured the Eisenhower family that no private fundraising for the memorial would be needed. This was an important issue for the Eisenhowers, who have established or sit on the board of directors of six \\\"legacy organizations\\\". The family was concerned that fundraising for the memorial would negatively affect their ability to fundraise for these legacy organizations. In 2008, however, House Appropriations Committee staff informed the Eisenhower Memorial Commission that Congress was\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8284706\",\n \"text\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy The Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy (Eisenhower School), formerly known as the Industrial College of the Armed Forces (ICAF), is a part of the National Defense University. It was renamed on September 6, 2012 in honor of Dwight D. Eisenhower who graduated from this school when it was previously known as the Army Industrial College. The Eisenhower School is a United States military educational institution tasked with preparing selected military officers and civilians for senior national security leadership positions dealing with the resource component of\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6990101\",\n \"text\": \"May 31, 1952 and resigned his commission on July 18, 1952 to run for President. He was restored to active duty on March 30, 1961. Notes - In addition, Eisenhower's name was given to a variety of streets, avenues, etc. in cities around the world, including Paris, France. Military career of Dwight D. Eisenhower The military career of Dwight D. Eisenhower encompassed over forty six years of active service. Entering the United States Military Academy in June 1911, Eisenhower had a \\\"spectacular\\\" 1912 football touchdown praised by the \\\"New York Herald\\\". The week after sharing a tackle of Jim Thorpe\",\n \"title\": \"Military career of Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4416804\",\n \"text\": \"Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport is a commercial airport located about west of downtown Wichita, Kansas, United States. It is the largest and busiest airport in the state of Kansas. ICT covers 3,248 acres (1,314 ha). The airport is commonly referred to as Eisenhower National Airport or by its former name Mid-Continent Airport. The airport's airport code, ICT, is also a commonly used nickname for the city. The airport was previously Wichita Mid-Continent Airport. The name was to be changed on March 31, 2015 by the city of Wichita, but the official change\",\n \"title\": \"Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13356518\",\n \"text\": \"nominated on January 17, 1959, and was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 5, 1959, by a vote of 70–17. Following is a list of individuals who were mentioned in various news accounts and books as having been considered by Eisenhower for a Supreme Court appointment: Dwight D. Eisenhower Supreme Court candidates During his two terms in office, President Dwight D. Eisenhower appointed five members of the Supreme Court of the United States: Chief Justice Earl Warren, and Associate Justices John Marshall Harlan, William Brennan, Charles Evans Whittaker, and Potter Stewart. Chief Justice Fred Vinson died in office\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Supreme Court candidates\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4416813\",\n \"text\": \"and had been converted into a cocktail lounge. Gate 11 was last used by Delta Air Lines/Delta Connection until they merged with Northwest Airlines and moved to the East Concourse in February 2010, this Gate was then converted to other use. Also in 2015, when the terminal closed, only gates 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 10 & 12 had boarding bridges. On March 4, 2014, the Wichita City Council approved changing the name of the airport from Wichita Mid-Continent Airport to Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport, in honor of former president, general, and Kansas native Dwight D. Eisenhower. Groundbreaking\",\n \"title\": \"Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100738\",\n \"text\": \"commemorative dollar coin issued in 1990. In 1969, four major record companies – ABC Records, MGM Records, Buddha Records and Caedmon Audio – released tribute albums in Eisenhower's honor. In 1999, the United States Congress created the Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial Commission, to create an enduring national memorial in Washington, D.C.. In 2009, the commission chose the architect Frank Gehry to design the memorial. The memorial will stand on a four-acre site near the National Mall on Maryland Avenue, SW across the street from the National Air and Space Museum. Note – Eisenhower relinquished his active duty status when he\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9477858\",\n \"text\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower High School (Blue Island, Illinois) Dwight D. Eisenhower High School (Eisenhower, DDE, EHS or Ike) is a public four-year high school located in Blue Island, Illinois, a southern suburb of Chicago, Illinois, in the United States. It is part of Community High School District 218 along with sister schools Alan B. Shepard High School and Harold L. Richards High School. Eisenhower is a diverse school with a balanced student body of Caucasian, Hispanic and African American students. Eisenhower serves students from the communities of Blue Island, Calumet Park, Robbins, Alsip, Merrionette Park, Posen, Deer Pointe & Garden\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower High School (Blue Island, Illinois)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5361370\",\n \"text\": \"unveiling, but this could not be arranged. From new, \\\"Golden Shuttle\\\" was allocated to Doncaster shed for just nine days from 20–29 September 1937. It was transferred to Kings Cross Top Shed until 4 December 1939 when it was reallocated to Grantham. 4 June 1950 saw \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" reallocated back to Top Shed. 7 April 1957 saw a move back to Grantham until it was sent back to 'Top Shed' on 15 September 1957. Its final depot allocation was New England shed in Peterborough from 16 June 1963. 4 October 1962, \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" hauled a special train from\",\n \"title\": \"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5267505\",\n \"text\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center The Dwight D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center (EAMC) is a 93-bed medical treatment facility located on Fort Gordon, Ga., located near Augusta, Georgia that previously served as the headquarters of the Army's Southeast Regional Medical Command (SERMC). SERMC oversaw the Army's hospitals and clinics within the southeastern United States and Puerto Rico. SERMC was renamed Southern Regional Medical Command (SRMC) and was relocated to San Antonio in 2009. The hospital started as Camp Gordon Station Hospital in 1941, caring for World War II casualties and dependents. It was closed in 1946, but reopened as\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12942191\",\n \"text\": \"oath: the Bible used by George Washington in 1789, opened to II Chronicles 7:14; and his own personal \\\"West Point Bible,\\\" opened to Psalm 33:12. Afterward, he recited his own prayer, rather than kissing the Bible. The 1953 United States Congress Joint Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies, the group responsible for the planning and execution of the Inauguration, was composed of: First inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower The first inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower as the 34th President of the United States was held on Tuesday, January 20, 1953, at the east portico of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C..\",\n \"title\": \"First inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5267511\",\n \"text\": \"ASAM Level III Programs are the highest level of multidisciplinary treatment programs and provide care to the full spectrum of patients with alcohol and substance dependence disorders combined with conditions such as PTSD, Depression, and mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Dwight D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center The Dwight D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center (EAMC) is a 93-bed medical treatment facility located on Fort Gordon, Ga., located near Augusta, Georgia that previously served as the headquarters of the Army's Southeast Regional Medical Command (SERMC). SERMC oversaw the Army's hospitals and clinics within the southeastern United States and Puerto Rico. SERMC was renamed\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1591710\",\n \"text\": \"awarded the contract for construction. On 30 June 1975, her designation was changed from CVAN-69 to CVN-69. She was laid down as hull number 599 on 15 August 1970 at Newport News shipyard at a cost of $679 million ($4.5 billion in 2016 dollars), launched 11 October 1975 after christening by Mamie Doud-Eisenhower, and commissioned 18 October 1977, Captain William E. Ramsey in command. On commissioning, she replaced the aging World War II–era carrier in the fleet. \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" was initially assigned to the United States Atlantic Fleet, and, after receiving over a year of training, the ship was\",\n \"title\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6826828\",\n \"text\": \"memorial design, remain an area of significant concern,\\\" the bill read. \\\"It is inconceivable and unacceptable to the Committee that a memorial to Dwight D. Eisenhower could be designed, approved, and built without the active support of the Eisenhower family.\\\" The full House Appropriations Committee approved the draft on June 16. The draft Senate version of the bill funded commission operations at $1 million in fiscal 2016. The Senate bill contained nonbinding language, advising the memorial commission that \\\"Construction should not commence until there is broad support among the public, the Eisenhower family and Congress.\\\" By June 2015, the memorial's\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5092002\",\n \"text\": \"separate \\\"Eisenhower Presidential Library Commission,\\\" and over the next five years enough money was raised to begin construction. Again, President Eisenhower was present when ground was broken on October 13, 1959. The project took three years to complete, and Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson joined the retired President Eisenhower at the dedication on May 1, 1962. Operation of the site was turned over to the NARA in 1966, when it became the fourth library in the system. The campus has five buildings: Also on the site: Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum and Boyhood Home The Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum and Boyhood Home\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100597\",\n \"text\": \"to take alternate years at college while the other worked to earn the tuitions. Edgar took the first turn at school, and Dwight was employed as a night supervisor at the Belle Springs Creamery. When Edgar asked for a second year, Dwight consented and worked for a second year. At that time, a friend \\\"Swede\\\" Hazlett was applying to the Naval Academy and urged Dwight to apply to the school, since no tuition was required. Eisenhower requested consideration for either Annapolis or West Point with his U.S. Senator, Joseph L. Bristow. Though Eisenhower was among the winners of the entrance-exam\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4416815\",\n \"text\": \"exhibits are part of the terminal's design. Major elements include: The New Terminal/Concourse opened on June 3, 2015. The airport has one terminal and one concourse with 12 gates, all with glass jetways that can accommodate most current commercial aircraft. Concourse Gates: 1–12 Airlines: Alaska Airlines (11), Allegiant Air (3), American Airlines/American Eagle (6 & 7), Delta Air Lines/Delta Connection (1 & 2), Southwest Airlines (4 & 5) & United Airlines/United Express (8 & 9) Other airports in Wichita Other airports in metro Other airports in region Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport is\",\n \"title\": \"Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9477861\",\n \"text\": \"compete in the Special Olympics. The following teams have finished in the top four of their respective IHSA sponsored state championship tournaments or meets: Dwight D. Eisenhower High School (Blue Island, Illinois) Dwight D. Eisenhower High School (Eisenhower, DDE, EHS or Ike) is a public four-year high school located in Blue Island, Illinois, a southern suburb of Chicago, Illinois, in the United States. It is part of Community High School District 218 along with sister schools Alan B. Shepard High School and Harold L. Richards High School. Eisenhower is a diverse school with a balanced student body of Caucasian, Hispanic\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower High School (Blue Island, Illinois)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1591715\",\n \"text\": \"October. She once again had to make speed toward Beirut, just five days later on the 26th, because of suicide attacks that killed nearly 300 American and French troops on 23 October. \\\"Ike\\\" would remain on station until relieved by carriers and in mid November. In May and June 1984, for the 40th anniversary of D-Day, \\\"Ike\\\" was deployed to Normandy, France and Portsmouth, England. The port visit in England included a visit from Queen Elizabeth II. After her fifth deployment \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" went into Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock in October 1985 for a major overhaul. The 18-month\",\n \"title\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6826816\",\n \"text\": \"and audio to both provide greater insight into how these events were not only important to Eisenhower but also helped change national and world affairs. Some visual components will be superimposed onto the physical memorial, to provide interactivity between the physical and virtual worlds. The app will also include educational games for children. Some of the materials used by the app will be provided by the Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library and Museum. Development costs for the app were anticipated to be $2 million, and the National Park Service would be responsible for maintaining and upgrading the e-memorial once the\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6826766\",\n \"text\": \"in Europe Day. Three individuals were behind the successful effort to establish a memorial to President Dwight D. Eisenhower: Rocco Siciliano, Senator Daniel Inouye (D-Hawaii), and Senator Ted Stevens (R-Alaska). Siciliano, a Roman Catholic, Italian American born in Utah, was called to active duty as a Private in 1943 while a ROTC student. Promoted quickly to first lieutenant in the United States Army, he was awarded a Bronze Star for valor for his actions as part of the 87th Mountain Infantry Regiment during the Italian Campaign. A graduate of Georgetown Law School, he worked for the National Labor Relations Board\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7458325\",\n \"text\": \"Western scholars has consistently held Eisenhower as one of the greatest U.S. Presidents. Dwight D. Eisenhower and Senator Robert A. Taft from Ohio were the two front-runners for the Republican Party presidential nomination going into the 1952 Republican presidential primaries. Also contending for the nomination were Governor Earl Warren of California, and former Governor Harold Stassen of Minnesota. Taft led the conservative wing of the party, centered in the Midwest, that rejected many of the New Deal social welfare programs created in the 1930s, and generally held a non-interventionist foreign policy stance, believing that America should avoid alliances with foreign\",\n \"title\": \"Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100719\",\n \"text\": \"the expanded campaign schedule and limit himself to the original schedule. Nixon reflected that if Eisenhower had carried out his expanded campaign schedule he might have had a decisive impact on the outcome of the election, especially in states that Kennedy won with razor-thin margins. It was years later before Mamie told Dwight why Nixon changed his mind on Dwight's campaigning. On January 17, 1961, Eisenhower gave his final televised Address to the Nation from the Oval Office. In his farewell speech, Eisenhower raised the issue of the Cold War and role of the U.S. armed forces. He described the\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1591723\",\n \"text\": \"Al-Qaeda operatives located in Somalia. \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" was deployed in the Indian Ocean to provide air cover for the operation and, if needed, to evacuate downed airmen and other casualties. She joined other U.S. and allied vessels from Combined Task Force 150 (CTF-150), based out of Bahrain. A U.S. spokesperson did not say which particular ships comprised the cordon, but the task force included vessels from Canada, France, Germany, Pakistan, the UK and the US. Ships of CTF-150 from the U.S. Navy include the \\\"Ramage\\\" and the . The aim of CTF-150's patrols is to \\\"... stop SICC leaders\",\n \"title\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1591729\",\n \"text\": \"national security interests in Europe. On 22 November 2016, \\\"Military Times\\\" reported that since June 2016, when the ship entered the Persian Gulf after launching strikes from the eastern Mediterranean, the carrier's Captain, Paul Spedero, reported that sorties from \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" had dropped nearly 1,100 bombs on ISIS targets in Iraq and Syria. \\\"Ike\\\" returned to homeport Norfolk December 30. On 18 March 2016, while she was sailing off the coast of Virginia, eight members of her deck crew were injured when the arresting gear cables failed and \\\"came apart\\\", during the routine landing of an E-2 Hawkeye aircraft.\",\n \"title\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1591728\",\n \"text\": \"offload in preparation for an upcoming docked planned incremental availability (DPIA) at Norfolk Naval Shipyard. On 26 August 2014, the ship was moved to Berth 42-43 from Dry Dock #8 at Norfolk Naval Shipyard, and as of 4 February 2015, the DPIA was four months behind schedule, with the ship planned to remain in the yard until at least April 2015. On 3 September 2015, the ship went back to sea. On 8 June 2016, \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" and her Carrier Strike Group sailed the Atlantic Ocean into the U.S. 6th Fleet's area of operations (AoR) in support of U.S.\",\n \"title\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1591712\",\n \"text\": \"She relieved sister-carrier \\\"Nimitz\\\" three days after the Iranian hostage rescue attempt. To help maintain morale, Capt. Mauldin allowed the men aboard to participate in \\\"Flight Deck Olympics\\\". The Navy also authorized a special ration of beer, consisting of six cans per man, which was dispensed over a two-month period. \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" returned to the Mediterranean Sea for her third deployment, under the command of her third Captain E. W. Clexton, Jr., from 5 January to 13 July 1982. During this deployment, 11 passengers and crew were lost when \\\"Mamie\\\", her onboard logistics aircraft, crashed near Souda Bay, Crete,\",\n \"title\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8284716\",\n \"text\": \"published at the end of the academic year. The senior acquisition program is the capstone course for procurement professionals within the Department of Defense. This course of study prepares selected military officers and civilians for senior level positions in the department’s acquisition organizations. The program consists of the college’s normal ten-month curriculum plus two in-depth elective courses that address acquisition policy and issues. Students completing the program receive a diploma from Defense Acquisition University along with their master's degree. \\\"For notable alumni, see:\\\" Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy The Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1591725\",\n \"text\": \"the forward-deployed forces there. She served as the flagship of Carrier Strike Group 8 commanded by Rear Admiral Kurt W. Tidd. Also embarked were Carrier Air Wing 7 and the staff of Commander, Destroyer Squadron 28. Other ships of Strike Group 8 were , , , , and . In addition to supporting Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom, the strike group conducted maritime security operations including anti-piracy operations. On 16 May, \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" became the first \\\"Nimitz\\\"-class carrier to dock pierside in Manama, Bahrain. The last carrier to moor pierside in Bahrain was in 1948. On 30 July\",\n \"title\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1591720\",\n \"text\": \"women had deployed as crew members of a U.S. Navy combatant. \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\", Carrier Air Wing Three (CVW-3), and the Commander, Cruiser-Destroyer Group 8 staff team included more than 400 women. The integration of women caused some negative headlines for the Navy. During the deployment, 15 women serving aboard had to be reassigned ashore because of pregnancy, earning the ship the nickname \\\"The Love Boat\\\". There was also a case of a sailor who filmed himself having sex with a female. In April 1995, the game show \\\"Wheel of Fortune\\\" taped two weeks of episodes on the ship's hangar\",\n \"title\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1591711\",\n \"text\": \"visited by President Jimmy Carter with his wife Rosalynn Carter, Defense Secretary Harold Brown and National Security Advisor Zbigniew Brzeziński. In January 1979, she sailed for her first deployment to the Mediterranean Sea. During this deployment, while off the coast of Israel, Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin visited \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower,\\\" The carrier returned to Norfolk Naval Station in July of the same year. Under the command of her second Commanding Officer, Captain James H. Mauldin, her second deployment occurred in 1980, when she was dispatched by President Carter to the Indian Ocean, in response to the Iran hostage crisis.\",\n \"title\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1591709\",\n \"text\": \"Newport News Shipbuilding Company in Virginia, with the same design as the lead ship, although the ship has been overhauled twice to bring her up to the standards of those constructed more recently. Since commissioning, \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" has participated in deployments including Operation Eagle Claw during the Iran hostage crisis in 1980, as well as the Gulf War in the 1990s, and more recently in support of U.S. military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. The carrier currently serves as the flagship of Carrier Strike Group 10. On 29 June 1970, then-Northrop Grumman Newport News of Newport News, Virginia was\",\n \"title\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5361374\",\n \"text\": \"the locomotive was cosmetically overhauled, and received a new coat of authentic BR Brunswick Green paint to replace the inaccurate shade applied during a repaint at Green Bay. The background on the \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" nameplates was also changed from a red colour to a black colour. In mid-August 2012, 60008 left its base in the Green Bay area and travelled to Halifax, Nova Scotia, where it met with 60010 arriving by rail in late September. On 3 October 2012 60008 and 60010 arrived back in the UK at the Port of Liverpool. On 4 October 60008, began its journey\",\n \"title\": \"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1591722\",\n \"text\": \"embarked aircraft dropped ordnance in combat while enforcing Operation Southern Watch's No-Fly Zone over Iraq. On 3 October 2006 with Carrier Air Wing Seven (CVW-7), \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" returned to sea as flagship of RADM Allen G. Myers, commanding Carrier Strike Group Eight (CSG-8), which included guided-missile cruiser , guided-missile destroyers and , and fast-attack submarine . She visited Naples, Italy, and then Limassol, Cyprus, for three days in October 2006 before departing to the east. She entered the Persian Gulf in December 2006. On 8 January 2007, a U.S. AC-130 gunship based out of Djibouti was dispatched to target\",\n \"title\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100726\",\n \"text\": \"President Richard Nixon eulogized Eisenhower, saying: Some men are considered great because they lead great armies or they lead powerful nations. For eight years now, Dwight Eisenhower has neither commanded an army nor led a nation; and yet he remained through his final days the world's most admired and respected man, truly the first citizen of the world. Eisenhower's reputation declined in the immediate years after he left office. During his presidency, he was widely seen by critics as an inactive, uninspiring, golf-playing president. This was in stark contrast to his vigorous young successor, John F. Kennedy, who was 26\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6826793\",\n \"text\": \"time\\\" that the design team gave to the Section 106 Consultation Meeting process, noting that there are no negative impacts on the view and vista of the U.S. Capitol. The commission's preferred design concept approved in March 2010, which included Commissioner David Eisenhower's approval (Dwight Eisenhower's grandson), represents Eisenhower as president and general through large stone bas reliefs and text. Although final images and quotations are still under consideration, the leading alternative image representing the general is prior to the D-Day invasion in June 1944. Memorials in Washington have historically been controversial. The design has been severely criticized by the\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6826783\",\n \"text\": \"on Maryland Avenue. The choice of the Maryland Avenue site involved additional congressional action. The Commemorative Works Act barred the erection of any memorials within \\\"Area 1\\\", the National Mall and its immediate environs. Any memorial erected in Area 1 required the approval of Congress. Congress provided that approval in \\\"Approving the location of the commemorative work in the District of Columbia honoring former President Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" (P.L. 109-220; May 5, 2006), which authorized construction of the memorial within Area 1. The design process began in 2006. At a commission meeting to consider design principles in March 2006, Siciliano\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1591730\",\n \"text\": \"Six of the injured deck crew were flown by helicopter to nearby shore-based hospitals, while the other two remained and were treated aboard ship. None of the eight suffered life-threatening injuries. The Hawkeye immediately resumed flight and landed safely at Chambers Field, Norfolk Naval Station, with no reports of injuries to her crew or damage to the aircraft. In December 2016, the ship completed her 17th deployment to the Mediterranean and Persian Gulf in support of Operation Inherent Resolve. \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" is scheduled to be eventually replaced around 2029 by the new , a carrier, that as of fall\",\n \"title\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1591721\",\n \"text\": \"deck. \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" returned to Newport News Shipbuilding on 17 July 1995 for an 18-month complex overhaul, completed on 27 January 1997. Among other upgrades, they installed a new Advanced combat direction system. The ship departed on her 10th deployment on 10 June 1998 and returned in December. In February 1999, she returned to the Norfolk Navy Shipyard for a six-month refitting and returned to the fleet in June. Upon completion in June 1999, she returned to full duty in the fleet. Deploying in February 2000 and returning that August on the \\\"Millennium Cruise\\\", for the first time \\\"Ike\\\"s\",\n \"title\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1591716\",\n \"text\": \"yard period included the addition of the Close-in Weapons System (CIWS), NATO Sea Sparrow Missile System, Naval Tactical Data System, anti-submarine warfare module, communications upgrades and rehabilitation of 1,831 berths in 25 compartments. She re-entered the fleet in April 1987. On 29 February 1988, \\\"Ike\\\" started her sixth deployment to the Mediterranean. While returning to Norfolk, on 29 August 1988, she collided with an anchored Spanish coal ship while entering the harbor to dock at Norfolk Naval Station when wind and currents pushed the carrier off course, but only caused minor damage to both ships. \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" entered Norfolk\",\n \"title\": \"USS Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100600\",\n \"text\": \"of the class of 1915, which became known as \\\"the class the stars fell on\\\", because 59 members eventually became general officers. While Eisenhower was stationed in Texas, he met Mamie Doud of Boone, Iowa. They were immediately taken with each other. He proposed to her on Valentine's Day in 1916. A November wedding date in Denver was moved up to July 1 due to the pending U.S. entry into World War I. They moved many times during their first 35 years of marriage. The Eisenhowers had two sons. Doud Dwight \\\"Icky\\\" Eisenhower (1917–1921) died of scarlet fever at the\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100593\",\n \"text\": \"after his birth to avoid the confusion of having two Davids in the family. All of the boys were called \\\"Ike\\\", such as \\\"Big Ike\\\" (Edgar) and \\\"Little Ike\\\" (Dwight); the nickname was intended as an abbreviation of their last name. By World War II, only Dwight was still called \\\"Ike\\\". In 1892, the family moved to Abilene, Kansas, which Eisenhower considered his hometown. As a child, he was involved in an accident that cost his younger brother an eye; he later referred to this as an experience that taught him the need to be protective of those under him.\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6826770\",\n \"text\": \"committee to reconcile the House and Senate bills. The conferees inserted language (Section 8162) to authorize the memorial and establish the Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial Commission into the conference report. The House approved the appropriations act 372-to-55 on October 13, and the Senate followed by a vote of 87-to-11 on October 14. President Bill Clinton signed the bill into law (P.L. 106–79) on October 25, 1999. P.L. 106-79 appropriated $300,000 to fund the commission's initial activities. The law established a 12-member commission, four of whom were to be appointed by the President, four by the Senate (equally split between both\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100601\",\n \"text\": \"age of three. Eisenhower was mostly reticent to discuss his death. Their second son, John Eisenhower (1922–2013), was born in Denver, Colorado. John served in the United States Army, retired as a brigadier general, became an author and served as U.S. Ambassador to Belgium from 1969 to 1971. Coincidentally, John graduated from West Point on D-Day, June 6, 1944. He married Barbara Jean Thompson on June 10, 1947. John and Barbara had four children: David, Barbara Ann, Susan Elaine and Mary Jean. David, after whom Camp David is named, married Richard Nixon's daughter Julie in 1968. Eisenhower was a golf\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5361365\",\n \"text\": \"Ashwaubenon, a suburb of Green Bay, Wisconsin, United States, where it is currently on display. It returned to England in 2012 for display at the National Railway Museum in York when all surviving A4s were reunited. It returned to Green Bay in 2014. Like the other members of the A4 class, \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" has carried numerous liveries during its career. When first introduced into traffic on 4 September 1937, locomotive 4496 was named \\\"Golden Shuttle\\\" and painted in LNER garter blue with stainless steel trim on the base of the valances and tender. The numbers and LNER lettering on\",\n \"title\": \"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5267506\",\n \"text\": \"Camp Gordon became the more permanent Fort Gordon during the Cold War. The hospital's current building, opened for patients in 1976, replaced sprawling wooden buildings from the World War II era. During the building's dedication a year prior its opening, it was dedicated in honor of former General of the U.S. Army and President Dwight D. Eisenhower, who made his farewell address to the Army at Fort Gordon in 1961. During one visit in 1965 he suffered a heart attack and was treated in a large private suite in the old hospital for two weeks before being sent to Walter\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5361368\",\n \"text\": \"fitted on 23 June 1950. A double chimney and Kylchap double blastpipe was installed to help performance, during an overhaul 20 August 1958. A Smith-Stone type speed indicator was installed 30 June 1960. \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" has had eleven boilers during its career: 8959 (from new); 8945 (from 4482 \\\"Golden Eagle\\\"), 30 January 1942; 8906 (spare) from 23 November 1946; 8955 (from 60026 \\\"Miles Beevor\\\"), 14 June 1950; 29314 (new), 9 November 1951; 29303 (from 60030 \\\"Guillemot\\\") 18 June 1954; 29296 (from 60033 \\\"Seagull\\\"), 8 July 1955; 29308 (from 60032 \\\"Golden Fleece\\\"), 20 December 1956; 29312 (from 60010 \\\"Dominion of\",\n \"title\": \"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5361369\",\n \"text\": \"Canada\\\"), 20 August 1958; 27964 (new), 30 June 1960 and finally 29335 (from 60019 \\\"Bittern\\\"), 17 May 1962. \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" had two tenders during its career: 5651 from new and 5671 from 1 April 1957. Locomotive 4496 was to have been named \\\"Sparrow Hawk\\\", but was instead named \\\"Golden Shuttle\\\". \\\"Sparrow Hawk\\\" was later used on 4463. 25 September 1945 locomotive 4496 was ex-works and the next day was at Marylebone station for the directors of the LNER to view it. The nameplates were covered and it was intended that the Supreme Commander, Allied Forces would attend an official\",\n \"title\": \"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9477859\",\n \"text\": \"Homes. The current enrollment is over 1,800 students. Dwight D. Eisenhower High School was founded as Blue Island Community High School in 1897 and as such was the first constituent educational institution that today comprises Community High School District 218, which was established in 1927. Blue Island Community High School was accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools (now North Central Association - Commission on Accreditation and School Improvement) in 1899. As president of Columbia University, Eisenhower was the keynote speaker at the dedication of the current facility on Sacramento Ave. in 1951, and the building\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower High School (Blue Island, Illinois)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12852305\",\n \"text\": \"Power Company and in Illinois with \\\"Suburban Newspapers.\\\" He died in Scottsdale, Arizona. His brother died 3 months after him. Eisenhower served in the Illinois House of Representatives, as a Republican, from 1965 to 1967. He lived in La Grange Park, Illinois. Eisenhower was elected as an at-large representative due to problems with reapportionment. He then ran for County Clerk of Cook County, Illinois and lost in the 1966 election. Earl D. Eisenhower Earl Dewey Eisenhower (February 1, 1898 – December 18, 1968) was an American electrical engineer and legislator, as well as the younger brother of U.S. President Dwight\",\n \"title\": \"Earl D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11720176\",\n \"text\": \"Doud Eisenhower Doud Dwight \\\"Ikky\\\" Eisenhower (September 24, 1917 – January 2, 1921) was the first son of Dwight D. Eisenhower and Mamie Eisenhower. He was named \\\"Doud\\\" in honor of his mother (whose maiden name was Doud) and \\\"Dwight\\\" in honor of his father. He was commonly called \\\"Ikky\\\" (pronounced as \\\"icky\\\") by his parents. Ikky was the first son of future-president Dwight D. Eisenhower and his wife Mamie Eisenhower. He was born on September 24, 1917 in San Antonio, Texas. He and his mother moved to Denver, Colorado while his father was stationed at Camp Meade in Maryland.\",\n \"title\": \"Doud Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8284712\",\n \"text\": \"in national resource strategy. The graduating of the class of 1994 was the first to be awarded a master's degree. In 2012, the college was renamed \\\"The Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy\\\". It is now commonly known as \\\"The Eisenhower School\\\". Today, the official mission of the college is to: \\\"Prepare selected military officers and civilians for strategic leadership and success in developing our national security strategy and in evaluating, marshalling, and managing resources in the execution of that strategy.\\\" The faculty is composed of civilian academics and highly qualified military officers from all the\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100596\",\n \"text\": \"deeply religious men I know\\\" though unattached to any \\\"sect or organization\\\". He was baptized in the Presbyterian Church in 1953. Eisenhower attended Abilene High School and graduated with the class of 1909. As a freshman, he injured his knee and developed a leg infection that extended into his groin, and which his doctor diagnosed as life-threatening. The doctor insisted that the leg be amputated but Dwight refused to allow it, and surprisingly recovered, though he had to repeat his freshman year. He and brother Edgar both wanted to attend college, though they lacked the funds. They made a pact\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100605\",\n \"text\": \"having to pay him. A friend reported that after learning to play contract bridge at West Point, Eisenhower played the game six nights a week for five months. Eisenhower continued to play bridge throughout his military career. While stationed in the Philippines, he played regularly with President Manuel Quezon, and was dubbed \\\"The bridge wizard of Manila\\\". During WWII, an unwritten qualification for an officer's appointment to Eisenhower's staff was the ability to play a sound game of bridge. He played even during the stressful weeks leading up to the D-Day landings. His favorite partner was General Alfred Gruenther, considered\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5361366\",\n \"text\": \"the tender were also stainless steel. This livery design was also used on the A4's that were named after countries, on the \\\"Coronation\\\" service in order to match with the rolling stock. 4496's next livery was wartime black with \\\"LNER\\\" on the tender, applied 30 January 1942. This livery was modified to read just \\\"NE\\\" on the tender in a repaint on 12 March 1943. LNER garter blue was reapplied 25 September 1945 and the name \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" applied, but the name was covered until February 1946. The next livery applied was British Railways dark blue livery with black\",\n \"title\": \"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5361367\",\n \"text\": \"and white lining on 14 June 1950. The final livery applied was British Railways Brunswick green, applied 9 November 1951. \\\"Dwight D. Eisenhower\\\" had a non-standard red background to the nameplate c. 1958. During its time allocated to Grantham motive power depot, the name of the depot was stencilled on the buffer beam. Like all the early A4 locomotives prior to \\\"Mallard\\\", \\\"Golden Shuttle\\\" was released to service with a single chimney and side valances covering the wheels. The valances were removed to aid in maintenance during a general overhaul on 30 January 1942. Experimental Automatic Train Control equipment was\",\n \"title\": \"LNER Class A4 4496 Dwight D Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100659\",\n \"text\": \"response to personal qualities— to his sincerity, his integrity and sense of duty, his virtue as a family man, his religious devotion, and his sheer likeableness.\\\" Due to a complete estrangement between the two as a result of campaigning, Truman and Eisenhower had minimal discussions about the transition of administrations. After selecting his budget director, Joseph M. Dodge, Eisenhower asked Herbert Brownell Jr. and Lucius D. Clay to make recommendations for his cabinet appointments. He accepted their recommendations without exception; they included John Foster Dulles and George M. Humphrey with whom he developed his closest relationships, and one woman, Oveta\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6826812\",\n \"text\": \"Susan Eisenhower issued a letter in which she said Gehry Partners had agreed to include images of the D-Day landing sites (as they exist today) on the metal tapestry. A new quote (\\\"The proudest thing I can claim is that I am from Abilene\\\") would be added to the quotes carved into the blocks of stone. With these changes, the Eisenhower family agreed to support the memorial. Additional design changes were made in early December 2016. The metal tapestry was changed to remove all images of Abilene, and now only featured the present-day Normandy coast at Pointe du Hoc. The\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100721\",\n \"text\": \"with our peaceful methods and goals, so that security and liberty may prosper together.\\\" Because of legal issues related to holding a military rank while in a civilian office, Eisenhower had resigned his permanent commission as General of the Army before entering the office of President of the United States. Upon completion of his Presidential term, his commission was reactivated by Congress and Eisenhower again was commissioned a five-star general in the United States Army. Following the presidency, Eisenhower moved to the place where he and Mamie had spent much of their post-war time. The home was a working farm\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4416805\",\n \"text\": \"occurred within the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) on November 13, 2014 for a deadline to publish new aeronautical charts and airport directories. The new terminal opened on Wednesday, June 3, 2015. The airport is named after Dwight Eisenhower, the 34th President of the United States from 1953 to 1961. His boyhood home, museum, and Presidential Library are at the Eisenhower Presidential Center in Abilene, Kansas. The airport is the site of the Cessna headquarters and main manufacturing plant, as well as a Bombardier service center for Learjet and other business jet aircraft. Over the past 90+ years the largest airport\",\n \"title\": \"Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6826818\",\n \"text\": \"the E Memorial.\\\" On June 6, 2013, The Eisenhower Memorial Commission premiered the first of six videos which it said would be part of the e-memorial. The new video focused on D-Day. The film, which put the viewer in the role of Eisenhower as he made critical decisions regarding the Normandy landings, used rarely-seen D-Day footage. The General Services Administration issued a \\\"sources-sought notice\\\" asking scholars and educators to submit their names and availability to help design elementary and secondary school lesson plans for used on the memorial's Web site. As with most previous presidential memorials, the activities of the\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10999680\",\n \"text\": \"Jennie Eisenhower Jennie Elizabeth Eisenhower (born August 15, 1978) is an American actress. She has performed in a number of theater productions and had minor roles in some feature films. She is the great-grandchild and grandchild of Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower and Richard Nixon, respectively. Eisenhower was born in San Clemente, California, to Julie Nixon Eisenhower and David Eisenhower. Her maternal grandparents were U.S. President Richard Nixon and First Lady Pat Nixon, while her paternal great-grandparents were U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower and First Lady Mamie Eisenhower. She spent her childhood in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, and graduated \\\"summa cum laude\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Jennie Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100723\",\n \"text\": \"Barry Goldwater in a campaign commercial from his Gettysburg retreat. That endorsement came somewhat reluctantly because Goldwater had in the late 1950s criticized Eisenhower's administration as \\\"a dime-store New Deal\\\". On January 20, 1969, the day Nixon was inaugurated as President, Eisenhower issued a statement praising his former vice president and calling it a \\\"day for rejoicing\\\". On the morning of March 28, 1969, Eisenhower died in Washington, D.C., of congestive heart failure at Walter Reed Army Medical Center; he was 78 years old. The following day, his body was moved to the Washington National Cathedral's Bethlehem Chapel, where he\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100703\",\n \"text\": \"one-vote margin. Senator Robert A. Taft assisted the President greatly in working with the Old Guard, and was sorely missed when his death (in July 1953) left Eisenhower with his successor William Knowland, whom Eisenhower disliked. This prevented Eisenhower from openly condemning Joseph McCarthy's highly criticized methods against communism. To facilitate relations with Congress, Eisenhower decided to ignore McCarthy's controversies and thereby deprive them of more energy from involvement of the White House. This position drew criticism from a number of corners. In late 1953, McCarthy declared on national television that the employment of communists within the government was a\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17823175\",\n \"text\": \"Eisenhower Home The Eisenhower Home in Abilene, Kansas at the Eisenhower Presidential Center, was the house where U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower lived with his five brothers from 1898 to 1911, when he entered the U.S. Military Academy at West Point at age 20. In 1898 Eisenhower's father, David Jacob Eisenhower, and his wife Ida Elizabeth Stover Eisenhower, bought the house from David's uncle Abraham. David and Ida lived in the house until their deaths in 1942 and 1946. The two-story wood-frame house has a hipped roof with a central chimney. There is a one-story addition on the east side,\",\n \"title\": \"Eisenhower Home\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6791242\",\n \"text\": \"Eisenhower Institute The Eisenhower Institute at Gettysburg College promotes nonpartisan discourse and critical analysis of issues of long-term importance through competitive fellowships, access to renowned experts, and symposia. Grounded in President Dwight D. Eisenhower’s legacy of leadership, the Institute prepares undergraduates to assume their responsibility as global citizens in public, private, and nonprofit sectors—students learn how to lead with integrity, build capital to garner influence, and translate knowledge into action. The Eisenhower World Affairs Institute The Eisenhower World Affairs Institute (EWAI) was founded in 1983 by colleagues and confidants of President Dwight D. Eisenhower. Susan Eisenhower, the granddaughter of the\",\n \"title\": \"Eisenhower Institute\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100630\",\n \"text\": \"in which he made improper comments about postwar policy. The D-Day Normandy landings on June 6, 1944, were costly but successful. Two months later (August 15), the invasion of Southern France took place, and control of forces in the southern invasion passed from the AFHQ to the SHAEF. Many thought that victory in Europe would come by summer's end, but the Germans did not capitulate for almost a year. From then until the end of the war in Europe on May 8, 1945, Eisenhower, through SHAEF, commanded all Allied forces, and through his command of ETOUSA had administrative command of\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8284708\",\n \"text\": \"the Army Industrial College had only nine students, but by the early 1930s the college was graduating 40 to 50 students in each class. During the first three years, the college provided a five-month course of study. In 1927, the program was expanded to ten-months with one graduating class each year. Major Dwight D. Eisenhower graduated from the college in 1933 and later served on the faculty. In 1940, the colleges expanded to two classes and then graduated four classes in 1941. The college was closed in December 1941 after Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor to make officers available to\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13928862\",\n \"text\": \"Jim Eisenhower James J. Eisenhower is a Pennsylvania attorney who is currently Of Counsel at Philadelphia law firm Dilworth Paxson LLP. His practice centers around white collar criminal defense, internal investigations, compliance, ethics and campaign finance matters. James earned a BA from Temple University and a law degree from Antioch School of Law. He earned a Master of Philosophy from Oxford University where he was a Marshall Scholar in 1982. James is married to Nora Dowd Eisenhower. They have two children. He is a distant relative of Dwight D. Eisenhower. He is an amateur guitar player, and was known to\",\n \"title\": \"Jim Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2470457\",\n \"text\": \"Mamie Eisenhower Mamie Geneva Doud Eisenhower (November 14, 1896 – November 1, 1979) was the wife of United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower, and the First Lady of the United States from 1953 to 1961. Mamie married Dwight Eisenhower at age 19 in 1916. The young couple moved frequently between military quarters in many postings, from Panama to the Philippines. As First Lady, she entertained a wide range of foreign dignitaries, who reacted well to her confident style and splendid costumes. Mamie Eisenhower spent her retirement and widowhood at the family farm in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Born in Boone, Iowa, and\",\n \"title\": \"Mamie Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100643\",\n \"text\": \"only opportunity to be president: Republican Thomas E. Dewey was considered the probable winner and would presumably serve two terms, meaning that Eisenhower, at age 66 in 1956, would be too old to have another chance to run. In 1948, Eisenhower became President of Columbia University, an Ivy League university in New York City, where he was inducted into Phi Beta Kappa. The assignment was described as not being a good fit in either direction. During that year Eisenhower's memoir, \\\"Crusade in Europe\\\", was published. Critics regarded it as one of the finest U.S. military memoirs, and it was a\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100595\",\n \"text\": \"and rotated among all the children, and misbehavior was met with unequivocal discipline, usually from David. His mother, previously a member (with David) of the River Brethren sect of the Mennonites, joined the International Bible Students Association, later known as Jehovah's Witnesses. The Eisenhower home served as the local meeting hall from 1896 to 1915, though Eisenhower never joined the International Bible Students. His later decision to attend West Point saddened his mother, who felt that warfare was \\\"rather wicked\\\", but she did not overrule him. While speaking of himself in 1948, Eisenhower said he was \\\"one of the most\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11001834\",\n \"text\": \"China, The Award of Excellence from the Consular Corps, Membership in the OSS Society, among others. Mary Jean Eisenhower Mary Jean Eisenhower (born December 21, 1955) is the President and Chief Executive Officer (and former President and Chairman Emeritus) of People to People International. She is a granddaughter of General Dwight D. Eisenhower, 34th President of the United States. Mary Eisenhower was born in Washington, D.C., during her grandfather's first term and christened in the Blue Room of the White House. She grew up on Eisenhower estate in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, where General Eisenhower retired after leaving office. Ms. Eisenhower attended\",\n \"title\": \"Mary Jean Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"100642\",\n \"text\": \"MacArthur won the Republican nomination. As the election approached, other prominent citizens and politicians from both parties urged Eisenhower to run for president. In January 1948, after learning of plans in New Hampshire to elect delegates supporting him for the forthcoming Republican National Convention, Eisenhower stated through the Army that he was \\\"not available for and could not accept nomination to high political office\\\"; \\\"life-long professional soldiers\\\", he wrote, \\\"in the absence of some obvious and overriding reason, [should] abstain from seeking high political office\\\". Eisenhower maintained no political party affiliation during this time. Many believed he was forgoing his\",\n \"title\": \"Dwight D. Eisenhower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2470469\",\n \"text\": \"her connection with the city of Denver and the area surrounding, a park in southeast Denver was given Mamie's name, as well as a public library in Broomfield, Colorado, a suburb of Denver. Mamie Eisenhower Mamie Geneva Doud Eisenhower (November 14, 1896 – November 1, 1979) was the wife of United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower, and the First Lady of the United States from 1953 to 1961. Mamie married Dwight Eisenhower at age 19 in 1916. The young couple moved frequently between military quarters in many postings, from Panama to the Philippines. As First Lady, she entertained a wide\",\n \"title\": \"Mamie Eisenhower\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["united states of america"],"string":"[\n \"united states of america\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":398,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"where do audi come from?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"20800811","text":"the Birdland Jazz Club Neuburg, the Audi Forum Ingolstadt organizes an increasing number of jazz concerts annually. Previous jazz concerts have included performers such as the Count Basie Orchestra, Freddie Hubbard, Paul Kuhn, the Pasadena Roof Orchestra, Bill Ramsey, Freddie Cole and Max Greger junior. Next-door, the bar and lounge holds live music every Thursday in the After Work Jazz Lounge. Debate partners come several times throughout the year to the Audi Forum Ingolstadt to participate in the Audi.torium event, which is led by a moderator. On the following evening, the same event takes place at the Audi Forum Neckarsulm.","title":"Audi Forum Ingolstadt"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20800811\",\n \"text\": \"the Birdland Jazz Club Neuburg, the Audi Forum Ingolstadt organizes an increasing number of jazz concerts annually. Previous jazz concerts have included performers such as the Count Basie Orchestra, Freddie Hubbard, Paul Kuhn, the Pasadena Roof Orchestra, Bill Ramsey, Freddie Cole and Max Greger junior. Next-door, the bar and lounge holds live music every Thursday in the After Work Jazz Lounge. Debate partners come several times throughout the year to the Audi Forum Ingolstadt to participate in the Audi.torium event, which is led by a moderator. On the following evening, the same event takes place at the Audi Forum Neckarsulm.\",\n \"title\": \"Audi Forum Ingolstadt\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"19937218","text":"Where Do You Come From \"Where Do You Come From\" is a song first recorded by Elvis Presley as part of the soundtrack for his 1962 motion picture \"Girls! Girls! Girls!\". Later it was rejected from the motion picture and wasn't used in it, but appeared on its soundtrack album \"Girls! Girls! Girls!\". The song was written by Ruth Bachelor and Bob Roberts. Elvis Presley recorded \"Where Do You Come From\" on March 27, 1962 — during his March 26-28 soundtrack recordings for the Paramount motion picture \"Girls! Girls! Girls!\" at the Radio Recorders studio in Hollywood, California. The song","title":"Where Do You Come From"},{"psg_id":"19937219","text":"was released on a single as a flip side to \"Return to Sender\" in October 1962. \"Where Do You Come From\" peaked at number 99 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, while \"Return to Sender\" peaked at number 2. The title \"Return to Sender\" was certified Gold in the United States for selling a million copies. \"Billboard\" in 1962 called the song a \"croon ballad\". According to the book \"Elvis Films FAQ\", it is a \"slow, aching ballad\" that \"starts a bit like \"As Long As I Have You\"\" Where Do You Come From \"Where Do You Come From\" is a","title":"Where Do You Come From"},{"psg_id":"15594054","text":"especially young girls, experience adolescence and how her body changes. Where Do Teenagers Come From? Where Do Teenagers Come From? was an American television teen comedy/documentary that aired as an \"ABC Afterschool Special\" on March 5, 1980. The live action/animation program was produced by DePatie-Freleng Enterprises and was a sequel to the 1977 program \"My Mom's Having a Baby.\" The special was notable for its signature song \"Growing Up,\" written by Doug Goodwin. When 12-year-old Kelly begins to experience changes in her body, she, along with Petey and Oscar, once again visit Dr. Lendon Smith, who uses an animated film","title":"Where Do Teenagers Come From?"},{"psg_id":"15594053","text":"Where Do Teenagers Come From? Where Do Teenagers Come From? was an American television teen comedy/documentary that aired as an \"ABC Afterschool Special\" on March 5, 1980. The live action/animation program was produced by DePatie-Freleng Enterprises and was a sequel to the 1977 program \"My Mom's Having a Baby.\" The special was notable for its signature song \"Growing Up,\" written by Doug Goodwin. When 12-year-old Kelly begins to experience changes in her body, she, along with Petey and Oscar, once again visit Dr. Lendon Smith, who uses an animated film that explains in detail (via Smith's narraration) of how teenagers,","title":"Where Do Teenagers Come From?"},{"psg_id":"2810341","text":"Boston, acquired it from the Marie Harriman Gallery on 16 April 1936. Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? is a painting by French artist Paul Gauguin. Gauguin inscribed the original French title in the upper left corner: D'où Venons Nous / Que Sommes Nous / Où Allons Nous. The inscription the artist wrote on his canvas has no question mark, no dash, and all words are capitalized. In the upper right corner he signed and dated the painting: \"P. Gauguin / 1897\".","title":"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?"},{"psg_id":"2810334","text":"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? is a painting by French artist Paul Gauguin. Gauguin inscribed the original French title in the upper left corner: D'où Venons Nous / Que Sommes Nous / Où Allons Nous. The inscription the artist wrote on his canvas has no question mark, no dash, and all words are capitalized. In the upper right corner he signed and dated the painting: \"P. Gauguin / 1897\". The painting was created in Tahiti, and is in the Museum of","title":"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?"},{"psg_id":"13273818","text":"with Nelson on a half dozen cuts and the long-time Grateful Dead lyricist demonstrates an elegant command of language on the title song, while the band's playing on a close to eight minute track is articulate in its own way... NRPS 2009 can excel when they improvise, as on the ten-minute plus of 'Ghost Train Blues', and the group would do well to jam more often and bring in more cover material, such as the traditional 'Them Old Minglewood Blues', to complement their originals.\" Where I Come From (album) Where I Come From is the fourteenth studio album by the","title":"Where I Come From (album)"},{"psg_id":"18992438","text":"as positive reviews by NPR, The Guardian, The Washington Post, Billboard, Dazed, Jamaican Observer, Complex, FACT, and more. \"Where We Come From\" received acclaim from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalised rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 81, which indicates \"universal acclaim\", based on 5 reviews. Where We Come From Where We Come From is the debut studio album by Jamaican dancehall artist Popcaan, released on 10 June 2014 by Mixpak Records. A prolific dancehall artist from Jamaica, Popcaan collaborated with several producers on the album: Dre Skull","title":"Where We Come From"},{"psg_id":"18992437","text":"Where We Come From Where We Come From is the debut studio album by Jamaican dancehall artist Popcaan, released on 10 June 2014 by Mixpak Records. A prolific dancehall artist from Jamaica, Popcaan collaborated with several producers on the album: Dre Skull (who also served as the album's Executive Producer), Dubbel Dutch, Anju Blaxx, Jaime YVP and Adde Instrumentals. \"Where We Come From\" received critical acclaim upon release, and placed on several year-end critics' lists for 2014. Upon release of the album, Popcaan was featured as the cover star on The Fader, garnered an 8.0 rating at Pitchfork, as well","title":"Where We Come From"},{"psg_id":"15581482","text":"Where Soldiers Come From Where Soldiers Come From is a 2011 American documentary film directed by Heather Courtney. The film is an intimate look at a group of young American men who join the Michigan Army National Guard, their families, and the town they come from. Director Heather Courtney follows these young men closely, as they transition from small town teenagers to Army guardsmen during the war in Afghanistan. Their story continues to follow the 23-year-old veterans dealing with the less visible wounds of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and PTSD. It premiered at South by Southwest festival, where it won","title":"Where Soldiers Come From"},{"psg_id":"15581489","text":"You, as well as an original score by composers Alex Chavez and Chad Stocker. Where Soldiers Come From Where Soldiers Come From is a 2011 American documentary film directed by Heather Courtney. The film is an intimate look at a group of young American men who join the Michigan Army National Guard, their families, and the town they come from. Director Heather Courtney follows these young men closely, as they transition from small town teenagers to Army guardsmen during the war in Afghanistan. Their story continues to follow the 23-year-old veterans dealing with the less visible wounds of Traumatic Brain","title":"Where Soldiers Come From"},{"psg_id":"7883156","text":"and remixed to become \"Come to Where I'm From\". As this was not the official finalized release, few promos were made. Note Come to Where I'm From Come to Where I'm From is the second studio album by Joseph Arthur released by Real World Records on April 11, 2000. The album was co-produced by T-Bone Burnett, and features the singles \"Chemical\" and \"In the Sun.\" Real World Records reissued the album in July 2012, as a part of their \"Real World Gold\" series. In the UK, there were two singles released from the album: On March 11, 1999, a promo","title":"Come to Where I'm From"},{"psg_id":"16269689","text":"Back Where I Come From \"Back Where I Come From\" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Mac McAnally. It was released in January 1990 as the first single from his album \"Simple Life\". The song reached number 14 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Its B-side, \"Company Time\", was later a single for Linda Davis in 1994. The song is a mid-tempo in which the narrator expresses nostalgia towards his hometown in Mississippi. Regarding its content, McAnally told \"American Songwriter\", \"When I wrote 'Back Where I Come From' I thought that it","title":"Back Where I Come From"},{"psg_id":"13273813","text":"Where I Come From (album) Where I Come From is the fourteenth studio album by the American country rock band the New Riders of the Purple Sage. It was recorded in 2008, and released on the Woodstock Records label on June 2, 2009. Following \"\", \"Where I Come From\" was the second album recorded by the New Riders after they re-formed in 2005, with band co-founder David Nelson on guitar, long-time member Buddy Cage on pedal steel guitar, Hot Tuna alumnus Michael Falzarano on guitar, Ronnie Penque on bass, and Johnny Markowski on drums. It was the band's first studio","title":"Where I Come From (album)"},{"psg_id":"11514884","text":"Where Do We Go from Here (Filter song) \"Where Do We Go from Here\" is a song by American industrial rock band Filter for their third studio album, The Amalgamut. The song was released as the album's first single in 2002. \"Where Do We Go from Here\" failed to match the success of their earlier hit single, 2000's \"Take a Picture\" on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. However, it managed to come close to the top ten of the Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks and Hot Modern Rock Tracks charts at number 12 and number 11, respectively. A popular remix of this","title":"Where Do We Go from Here (Filter song)"},{"psg_id":"11063384","text":"find their maker, named Kenji and their questions are answered. Where the Toys Come From Where The Toys Come From is a Disney special directed by Theodore Thomas created in 1983 and then released in 1984 by Walt Disney Studio Showcase. It follows the journey of two toys, named Zoom and Peepers, as they try to find out where they were made. Their owner, named Robin assists them in their journey. Their search begins in a toy museum, where they find out they were made in Japan. Robin takes them to the toy store they were purchased from and they","title":"Where the Toys Come From"},{"psg_id":"11063383","text":"Where the Toys Come From Where The Toys Come From is a Disney special directed by Theodore Thomas created in 1983 and then released in 1984 by Walt Disney Studio Showcase. It follows the journey of two toys, named Zoom and Peepers, as they try to find out where they were made. Their owner, named Robin assists them in their journey. Their search begins in a toy museum, where they find out they were made in Japan. Robin takes them to the toy store they were purchased from and they begin their trip to Japan. In Japan, Zoom and Peepers","title":"Where the Toys Come From"},{"psg_id":"16269691","text":"said that \"As a publisher I knew I was devaluing the copyright by singing it myself instead of passing it onto better and bigger singers, but I did it anyway. One of many of my classically bad business choices, but thankfully Kenny Chesney was kind enough to bail me out and cut it again.\" From \"Simple Life\" liner notes. Back Where I Come From \"Back Where I Come From\" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Mac McAnally. It was released in January 1990 as the first single from his album \"Simple Life\". The song reached","title":"Back Where I Come From"},{"psg_id":"7883155","text":"Come to Where I'm From Come to Where I'm From is the second studio album by Joseph Arthur released by Real World Records on April 11, 2000. The album was co-produced by T-Bone Burnett, and features the singles \"Chemical\" and \"In the Sun.\" Real World Records reissued the album in July 2012, as a part of their \"Real World Gold\" series. In the UK, there were two singles released from the album: On March 11, 1999, a promo CD titled Rusty Water was released via Virgin Records. The CD featured 13 tracks, most of which would later be re-recorded, edited,","title":"Come to Where I'm From"},{"psg_id":"2810335","text":"Fine Arts in Boston, Massachusetts, US. Gauguin had been a student at the Petit Séminaire de La Chapelle-Saint-Mesmin, just outside Orléans, from the age of eleven to the age of sixteen. His subjects there included a class in Catholic liturgy; the teacher for this class was the Bishop of Orléans, Félix-Antoine-Philibert Dupanloup. Dupanloup had devised his own catechism to be lodged in the minds of the young schoolboys, and to lead them towards proper spiritual reflections on the nature of life. The three fundamental questions in this catechism were: \"Where does humanity come from?\" \"Where is it going to?\", \"How","title":"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?"},{"psg_id":"12637782","text":"fell to number 2 on October 27, with Brooks & Dunn's \"Only in America\" taking over at Number One. The next week, \"Where I Come From\" returned to number 1 for a third and final week at the top. Where I Come From (Alan Jackson song) \"Where I Come From\" is a song written and performed by American country music singer Alan Jackson. It was released in July 2001 as the third single from his album \"When Somebody Loves You\". In November 2001, the song became Jackson's 18th #1 hit on the \"Billboard\" country charts, his only number one from","title":"Where I Come From (Alan Jackson song)"},{"psg_id":"9434252","text":"the album managed to sell more than 500,000 copies domestically. With thirty-eight weeks in the German Top 100, a platinum, and a gold certification the album became the eleventh successful album of 2002. Never Forget (Where You Come From) Never Forget (Where You Come From) is the debut studio album by German pop group Bro'Sis. It was released on January 21, 2002 on Cheyenne Records, Polydor and Zeitgeist. It was primarily produced by Toni Cottura, with additional production from Alex Christensen, Marc Mozart, Syndicate Music, and others. The album reached the top of the German, Austrian and Swiss albums chart","title":"Never Forget (Where You Come From)"},{"psg_id":"9434251","text":"Never Forget (Where You Come From) Never Forget (Where You Come From) is the debut studio album by German pop group Bro'Sis. It was released on January 21, 2002 on Cheyenne Records, Polydor and Zeitgeist. It was primarily produced by Toni Cottura, with additional production from Alex Christensen, Marc Mozart, Syndicate Music, and others. The album reached the top of the German, Austrian and Swiss albums chart and spawned five singles, including number one single \"I Believe\" and a cover version of 98 Degrees' 1999 Christmas single \"The Gift\". Including its \"Special Winter Edition\" (released on November 11, 2002) and","title":"Never Forget (Where You Come From)"},{"psg_id":"15581486","text":"\"hauntingly beautiful and deeply felt...some of the best Afghanistan war-related storytelling I’ve seen.” In his review of the film, \"Time Magazine\"'s film critic Steven James Snyder called it an \"emotional and engrossing portrait of America's bravest.\" Matt Zoller Seitz of Salon claimed that \"the last 10 years have produced an array of documentaries about post-9/11 America, but few are as haunting and compassionate as Heather Courtney’s ‘Where Soldiers Come From.’” Salon also included the film in their list of \"the best nonfiction TV of 2011.\" Documentary filmmaker Michael Moore said the film was \"a profoundly moving experience. One of the","title":"Where Soldiers Come From"},{"psg_id":"15458390","text":"his new single. I predict he has his next Top 5 on the line and maybe a #1?\" The website \"Urban Country Blog\" gave the song a positive review writing \"With radio making a slight shift to more traditional material again, a grown-up break-up song such as this should do well.\" \"Where Do I Go from You\" debuted at number 60 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart dated August 14, 2010, and reached a peak of number 26 in March 2011. Where Do I Go from You \"Where Do I Go from You\" is a song written by","title":"Where Do I Go from You"},{"psg_id":"15458386","text":"Where Do I Go from You \"Where Do I Go from You\" is a song written by Don Cook, Clint Daniels, and Ryan Tyndell and recorded by American country music singer Clay Walker. It was released in August 2010 as the second single to his album \"She Won't Be Lonely Long\". It peaked at #26 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks charts, becoming his 28th top 40 hit on the chart. Prior to \"Where Do I Go from You\" being released as a single, Walker expressed that he thought \"Summer Song\" would be a better choice. He explained","title":"Where Do I Go from You"},{"psg_id":"12637779","text":"Where I Come From (Alan Jackson song) \"Where I Come From\" is a song written and performed by American country music singer Alan Jackson. It was released in July 2001 as the third single from his album \"When Somebody Loves You\". In November 2001, the song became Jackson's 18th #1 hit on the \"Billboard\" country charts, his only number one from the album. The song is a moderate up-tempo which finds the narrator, a truck driver, traveling across the United States and finding himself in various situations that make him think about how life in other places is different from","title":"Where I Come From (Alan Jackson song)"},{"psg_id":"4499746","text":"was the fourth model to come out of Audi's private subsidiary company, \"quattro GmbH\". The first was the Audi RS2 Avant, from a joint venture between Porsche and quattro GmbH for the Audi marque. The second was the Audi C4 S6 Plus, produced from April 1996 to July 1997. Third was the 2000 Audi B5 RS4; the fifth was the 2005 Audi B7 A4 DTM Edition saloon, and the sixth was the 2006 Audi B7 RS4. The seventh and current () quattro GmbH model is the latest Audi C6 RS 6. Production of the original Audi C5 RS 6 began","title":"Audi RS 6"},{"psg_id":"16225581","text":"September 2017. It would be the duo's final Top 10 hit. The music video was directed by Potsy Ponciroli and premiered in September 2011. Where I Come From (Montgomery Gentry song) \"Where I Come From\" is a song recorded by American country music duo Montgomery Gentry. It is the first single from their seventh studio album, \"Rebels on the Run\". The song was written by Rodney Clawson and Dallas Davidson. The song is a mid-tempo rock-influenced song in which the narrators express pride with their Southern heritage. Co-writer Dallas Davidson said that he did not like many of Montgomery Gentry's","title":"Where I Come From (Montgomery Gentry song)"},{"psg_id":"16225578","text":"Where I Come From (Montgomery Gentry song) \"Where I Come From\" is a song recorded by American country music duo Montgomery Gentry. It is the first single from their seventh studio album, \"Rebels on the Run\". The song was written by Rodney Clawson and Dallas Davidson. The song is a mid-tempo rock-influenced song in which the narrators express pride with their Southern heritage. Co-writer Dallas Davidson said that he did not like many of Montgomery Gentry's previous singles, and that \"I feel like this song fits them, and I say that as a fan. I think that they can actually","title":"Where I Come From (Montgomery Gentry song)"},{"psg_id":"16269690","text":"was a hit, but also that it said something that I personally wanted to be the first to say.\" The song, the first cut on \"Simple Life\", has a play length of 3 minutes and 32 seconds; a 1-minute and 20 second reprise, performed by McAnally on piano with backing from the Nashville String Machine, is the album's sixth track. \"Back Where I Come From\" was covered by Kenny Chesney on his 1996 album \"Me and You\", produced by Barry Beckett. Chesney also included a live version of the song on his 2000 \"Greatest Hits\" album. Of Chesney's recordings, McAnally","title":"Back Where I Come From"},{"psg_id":"4037","text":"driver will not have to do safety checks such as touching the steering wheel every 15 seconds to use this feature. The Audi A8 will therefore be the first production car to reach level 3 autonomous driving, meaning that the driver can safely turn their attention away from driving tasks, e.g. the driver can text or watch a movie. Audi will also be the first manufacturer to use a 3D LIDAR system in addition to cameras and ultrasonic sensors for their AI. Audi produces 100% galvanised cars to prevent corrosion, and was the first mass-market vehicle to do so, following","title":"Audi"},{"psg_id":"13273816","text":"weepy side of the pedal steel in favor of something more stinging. These New Riders jam a bit more than the original ensemble, and they also rock a bit more.\" On Jambands.com, Brian Robbins said, \"Forget the 40 years of history; forget the dues paid and the groundwork laid for what came to be known as the jamband scene; forget the family tree whose roots are tightly entwined with those of the Dead; just forget all that stuff and throw on a copy of the New Riders of the Purple Sage \"Where I Come From\". Pretend it's the debut album","title":"Where I Come From (album)"},{"psg_id":"13273815","text":"by a bonus disc called Where I Come From: Radio Mixes & Live Bonus. On Allmusic, William Ruhlmann wrote, \"But the heart of the album — seven songs out of 12 — is the work of the new songwriting team of Nelson and Robert Hunter... Hunter comes up with his typically aphoristic, imagistic, and vernacular words (particularly on the title song) and Nelson matches them with catchy, country-tinged melodies that the band plays in frisky country-rock roadhouse arrangements. This may be San Francisco music, but Bakersfield doesn't seem far away as the guitars go twangy and Cage plays down the","title":"Where I Come From (album)"},{"psg_id":"13273814","text":"album in 17 years, since 1992's \"Midnight Moonlight\". The music for seven of the songs on the album was written by David Nelson, with lyrics by Robert Hunter, who wrote the lyrics for many Grateful Dead songs. Four of the other five songs were also written by current band members. In 2010, a version of the song \"Olivia Rose\", written by Ronnie Penque, appeared on his album \"Only Road Home\". The cover of \"Where I Come From\" was illustrated by Stanley Mouse, an artist known for his many concert posters and album covers. Some copies of the album were accompanied","title":"Where I Come From (album)"},{"psg_id":"14707108","text":"Award for Rock Album of the Year at the 36th GMA Dove Awards. Where Do We Go from Here (album) Where Do We Go from Here is the third album by Christian metal band Pillar. The song \"Bring Me Down\" was featured on the 2005 Major League Baseball video game, MLB 2006, as well as the offroad racing game MX vs. ATV Unleashed. The song \"Frontline\", along with \"Bring Me Down\", reached No. 1 on the Christian rock charts. The album debuted at No. 74 on the \"Billboard\" 200. \"Where Do We Go from Here\" garnered generally positive reception from","title":"Where Do We Go from Here (album)"},{"psg_id":"14707105","text":"Where Do We Go from Here (album) Where Do We Go from Here is the third album by Christian metal band Pillar. The song \"Bring Me Down\" was featured on the 2005 Major League Baseball video game, MLB 2006, as well as the offroad racing game MX vs. ATV Unleashed. The song \"Frontline\", along with \"Bring Me Down\", reached No. 1 on the Christian rock charts. The album debuted at No. 74 on the \"Billboard\" 200. \"Where Do We Go from Here\" garnered generally positive reception from seven music critics. At \"CCM Magazine\", David Jenison graded the album an A,","title":"Where Do We Go from Here (album)"},{"psg_id":"15458388","text":"right now because it's musically just one of those songs you can groove to right away. It's not one that you have to think about. So I like the fact that my record label picked it as the follow-up.\" \"Where Do I Go from You\" is about a man who is not sure what to do anymore after his girlfriend has left him. He tries to forget about her but her memory keeps coming back to him and he remains lost about where to go from her. Karlie Justus of \"Engine 145\" gave the song a thumbs up rating. She","title":"Where Do I Go from You"},{"psg_id":"11514885","text":"song was made by The X-Ecutioners which gained extensive club play. A music video was also produced for the song. It received moderate airplay upon release. Like many of the band's singles, the single version of \"Where Do We Go From Here\" (the one used for radio and the music video) is much shorter than the album version. The album version extends the pre-choruses and bridge mostly. Where Do We Go from Here (Filter song) \"Where Do We Go from Here\" is a song by American industrial rock band Filter for their third studio album, The Amalgamut. The song was","title":"Where Do We Go from Here (Filter song)"},{"psg_id":"12637781","text":"verse comes a chorus where the narrator explains how the road life is different. Allmusic critic Thom Jurek described the song favorably in his review of the album, calling it a \"redneck anthem\" that \"rocks a little harder with a ZZ Top-styled guitar\". \"Where I Come From\" re-entered the chart as a single at number 58 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of July 14, 2001. The song reached its peak position of number 1 on the \"Billboard\" country charts for the week of October 13. It held the position on October 20, then","title":"Where I Come From (Alan Jackson song)"},{"psg_id":"4043","text":"all-wheel drive). Audi has recently applied the \"quattro\" badge to models such as the A3 and TT which do not use the Torsen-based system as in prior years with a mechanical center differential, but with the Haldex Traction electro-mechanical clutch AWD system. Prior to the introduction of the Audi 80 and Audi 50 in 1972 and 1974, respectively, Audi had led the development of the \"EA111\" and \"EA827\" inline-four engine families. These new power units underpinned the water-cooled revival of parent company Volkswagen (in the Polo, Golf, Passat and Scirocco), whilst the many derivatives and descendants of these two basic","title":"Audi"},{"psg_id":"3996","text":"with close business friends, Paul and Franz Fikentscher from Zwickau. At the apartment of Franz Fikentscher, they discussed how to come up with a new name for the company. During this meeting, Franz's son was quietly studying Latin in a corner of the room. Several times he looked like he was on the verge of saying something but would just swallow his words and continue working, until he finally blurted out, \"Father – \"audiatur et altera pars\"... wouldn't it be a good idea to call it \"audi\" instead of \"horch\"?\" \"Horch!\" in German means \"Hark!\" or \"hear\", which is \"Audi\"","title":"Audi"},{"psg_id":"4087","text":"of a city. The Audi Vertical Run is where users can access the mini-game Vertical Run, a futuristic mini-game featuring Audi's e-tron concept. Players collect energy and race for the highest possible speeds and the fastest players earn a place in the Audi apartments located in a large tower in the centre of the Audi Space. In both the Home Terminal and Vertical Run spaces, there are teleports where users can teleport back and forth between the two spaces. Audi had stated that additional content would be added in 2010. On 31 March 2015 Sony shutdown the PlayStation Home service","title":"Audi"},{"psg_id":"15644454","text":"than one shot.\" In the first shot, an elderly couple is outside an art exhibition having lunch and then follow other people inside through the door. The second shot shows what they do inside. Come Along, Do! Come Along, Do! is an 1898 British short silent comedy film, produced and directed by Robert W. Paul. The film was of 1 minute duration, but only 38 seconds has survived. The whole of the second shot is only available as film stills. The film features an elderly man at an art gallery who takes a great interest in a nude statue to","title":"Come Along, Do!"},{"psg_id":"5222424","text":"less than to come to a full stop from a speed of . The standard wheels were 18 inch alloys (8½×18\" \"9-spoke\"), with 255/35 ZR18 high performance tyres. Optional \"winter\" alloy wheels were also available, at 18 inch (7½J×18\"), with tyres. There was no RS4 built on the Audi \"B6\" platform that served as the basis for the Audi A4 between 2001 and 2005. However, after a long hiatus, the second Audi RS4 quattro (\"Typ\" 8E), was built on Audi's \"B7\" A4 platform, by quattro GmbH in Neckarsulm, Germany. It was unveiled in February 2005 at Audi's 'quattro Night' celebration","title":"Audi RS 4"},{"psg_id":"13376224","text":"How Come You Do Me Like You Do? \"How Come You Do Me Like You Do?\" is a song written by vaudeville comedy duo Gene Austin and Roy Bergere in 1924. It has later been covered by many artists, and is considered a jazz standard. Austin and Bergere were a vaudeville comedy duet act performing in the East and Midwest. \"How Come You Do Me Like You Do?\" became a national hit in 1924 for Marion Harris. Austin would later achieve even greater fame with his recording of \"My Blue Heaven\" in 1927. The song has been covered by many","title":"How Come You Do Me Like You Do?"},{"psg_id":"20824118","text":"Where Do We Go from Here (Deborah Cox song) Where Do We Go from Here is a song by Canadian singer Deborah Cox. It was written by Larry \"Rock\" Campbell and Lascelles Stephens for her self-titled debut studio album (1995), while production was helmed by Vincent Herbert. Released as the album's third single along with a cover version of The S.O.S. Band's 1983 song \"Just Be Good to Me\", it became a moderate commercial success. \"Where Do We Go from Here\" entered the top forty of Canadian Singles Chart and peaked at number 20 in New Zealand, also reaching number","title":"Where Do We Go from Here (Deborah Cox song)"},{"psg_id":"12169931","text":"Where Do We Go from Here? (Chicago song) \"Where Do We Go from Here?\" is a song from the American rock band Chicago's second studio album, \"Chicago\" (1970). It was released as the B-side to the single \"25 or 6 to 4\", one of the leading songs off of the record. With that single, it went to number four on the Pop Singles chart in June 1970. The song was also the very first musical composition from bassist Peter Cetera, who was by this time contributing more than on the debut album released the year before. The song deals with","title":"Where Do We Go from Here? (Chicago song)"},{"psg_id":"2838834","text":"RS 6 Avant begins on September 23, travelling across twelve driving stages in 6 countries (Klagenfurt – the capital of Carinthia, Austria, Monaco). In the Audi RS 6 Avant TV commercial titled 'Perfect Fit', it featured a 2012 Audi R18 with the high downforce sprint bodywork in the guise of Audi R18 e-tron quattro. The fifth generation A6 was unveiled ahead of the 2018 Geneva Motor Show. It was launched in Germany in June 2018. All engines offered come with a mild hybrid drivetrain that can reduce fuel consumption by up to 0.7 litres per 100 kilometres for the V6-engined","title":"Audi A6"},{"psg_id":"3040586","text":"The final typ 89 80s and 90s were sold as 1992 models in North America; in Europe, all typ 89s were discontinued at the end of the 1991 model year to give way to the B4 series; a few Audi 90 Sport Quattro with the 2.3-litre 20v engine are, however, known to have come off the assembly lines as late as early 1992. The Audi 80 (B3) obtained a major facelift in the autumn of 1991, although the UK launch was not until early 1992. It was from then on known internally as the B4 (or \"Typ\" 8C). Changes from","title":"Audi 80"},{"psg_id":"14805558","text":"Dayo Audi Dayo Audi (Dayo Audifferen) is active in the sport of bodybuilding, not only as a competitor but also in training fitness enthusiasts and athletes up to national level. Dayo Audi achieved professional status in 1999, competing for the first time in the Masters Olympia in the US in August 2003, where he achieved 11th place. Dayo Audi holds regional, national, European and World titles from three major Federations, retiring from competitive bodybuilding in November 2008 after winning the WBBF Mr Universe title in Vilnius, Lithuania. He is also an International judge with the WFF, qualifying in 2002 and","title":"Dayo Audi"},{"psg_id":"19680729","text":"Do You Wanna Come Over? \"Do You Wanna Come Over?\" is a song recorded by American singer Britney Spears for her ninth studio album \"Glory\" (2016). It was written by Mattias Larsson, Robin Fredriksson, Julia Michaels, Justin Tranter and Sandy Chila, and produced by Mattman & Robin. The song was released as the third and final promotional single from the album on August 18, 2016, as an instant track for those who pre-ordered the album and for streaming. \"Do You Wanna Come Over?\" is an electropop and dance-pop song, with subtle keyboards, a strummed guitar and wobbly bass in its","title":"Do You Wanna Come Over?"},{"psg_id":"16225580","text":"boastful.\" Ben Foster of \"Country Universe\" gave the song a C, writing that \"by relying so heavily on overused formulas, it’s like they're running around in circles in terms of creativity.\" \"Where I Come From\" debuted at number 59 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart for the week of July 30, 2011. In March 2012, it became Montgomery Gentry's first Top 10 hit since 2009's \"One in Every Crowd,\" and ultimately peaked at No. 8. The single was certified Gold by the RIAA on January 8, 2016. It has sold 484,000 copies in the United States as of","title":"Where I Come From (Montgomery Gentry song)"},{"psg_id":"20824119","text":"28 on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs. Where Do We Go from Here (Deborah Cox song) Where Do We Go from Here is a song by Canadian singer Deborah Cox. It was written by Larry \"Rock\" Campbell and Lascelles Stephens for her self-titled debut studio album (1995), while production was helmed by Vincent Herbert. Released as the album's third single along with a cover version of The S.O.S. Band's 1983 song \"Just Be Good to Me\", it became a moderate commercial success. \"Where Do We Go from Here\" entered the top forty of Canadian Singles Chart and peaked at number","title":"Where Do We Go from Here (Deborah Cox song)"},{"psg_id":"4038","text":"introduction of the process by Porsche, c. 1975. Along with other precautionary measures, the full-body zinc coating has proved to be very effective in preventing rust. The body's resulting durability even surpassed Audi's own expectations, causing the manufacturer to extend its original 10-year warranty against corrosion perforation to currently 12 years (except for aluminium bodies which do not rust). Audi introduced a new series of vehicles in the mid-1990s and continues to pursue new technology and high performance. An all-aluminium car was brought forward by Audi, and in 1994 the Audi A8 was launched, which introduced aluminium space frame technology","title":"Audi"},{"psg_id":"11837924","text":"the CD \"Tryout\" (DRG Records) including extended versions of the songs \"Nina, the Pinta, the Santa Maria\", \"Song of the Rhineland\", and \"Manhattan (Indian Song).\" Where Do We Go from Here? (1945 film) Where Do We Go from Here (1945) Technicolor is a romantic musical comedy-fantasy film produced by Twentieth Century-Fox, and starring Fred MacMurray, Joan Leslie, June Haver, Gene Sheldon, Anthony Quinn and Fortunio Bonanova. Joan Leslie's singing voice was dubbed by Sally Sweetland. The score was composed by Kurt Weill with lyrics by Ira Gershwin. Gregory Ratoff directed and Morrie Ryskind wrote the screenplay from a story by","title":"Where Do We Go from Here? (1945 film)"},{"psg_id":"11837923","text":"cuts were made in his proposed score for \"Where Do We Go from Here\", most of his work with Ira Gershwin remains, including a lengthy mock-opera bouffé aboard Columbus' ship during which the crew threatens to mutiny. Co-stars June Haver and Fred MacMurray met while working on this film, and were later married. \"Where Do We Go from Here?\" has never been released on home video. A recording taken directly from the soundtrack of the film was released on LP (Ariel KWH 10) and a set of rehearsal recordings performed by Kurt Weill and Ira Gershwin is currently available on","title":"Where Do We Go from Here? (1945 film)"},{"psg_id":"11837919","text":"Where Do We Go from Here? (1945 film) Where Do We Go from Here (1945) Technicolor is a romantic musical comedy-fantasy film produced by Twentieth Century-Fox, and starring Fred MacMurray, Joan Leslie, June Haver, Gene Sheldon, Anthony Quinn and Fortunio Bonanova. Joan Leslie's singing voice was dubbed by Sally Sweetland. The score was composed by Kurt Weill with lyrics by Ira Gershwin. Gregory Ratoff directed and Morrie Ryskind wrote the screenplay from a story by Sig Herzig and Ryskind. The film is notable as Weill's only musical written directly for the screen and for its anachronistic blend of history and","title":"Where Do We Go from Here? (1945 film)"},{"psg_id":"16225579","text":"stand onstage and sing this song every night, and people are going to believe them because it’s where they come from, too.\" It is in the key of B-flat minor with a main chord pattern of Bm-G-D-A. Billy Dukes of \"Taste of Country\" gave the song three stars out of five, saying that it \"is better than anything Montgomery Gentry have released in two years, but they're getting by on memories.\" Bobby Peacock of \"Roughstock\" gave the song four stars out of five, calling the production \"a little more muscular and gritty than usual\" and the lyrics \"proud without being","title":"Where I Come From (Montgomery Gentry song)"},{"psg_id":"3040583","text":"the 1988 model year, a new two-door Coupé was introduced in Europe, known internally as the \"Typ\" 8B; basically a typ 89 saloon with a shortened wheelbase, modified rear suspension and a new front suspension system that previewed what was to come in the B4 Audi 80. It came with the 2.0E as well as the 10-valve and 20-valve 2.3E engines. It later served as a basis for the B4 Coupé and Cabriolet (\"Typ\" 8G). These models dropped the \"80\" appendage and were simply known as Audi Coupé and Audi Cabriolet. Because of the heavy re-engineering involved in the cabriolet","title":"Audi 80"},{"psg_id":"19389542","text":"particular merit. Joe Dziemianowicz of the \"New York Daily News\" called the show \"big-hearted and crowd-pleasing\" and \"a singing reminder that when things are at their worst, people can be at their best.\" Joe Westerfield with \"Newsweek\" wrote that \"'Come From Away' accomplishes what all the best musicals do: It takes you to a place where you didn't know you wanted to go, and makes you not want to leave.\" Frank Scheck of \"The Hollywood Reporter\" called the musical \"heartwarming and thoroughly entertaining [...] especially in these politically fractious times.\" Johnny Oleksinski with the \"New York Post\" wrote that \"Every","title":"Come from Away"},{"psg_id":"19293037","text":"Film Awards. Where Do We Go from Here? (2015 film) Where Do We Go from Here? is a Scottish comedy feature film by John McPhail. The film centres on James (Tyler Collins) a young man who takes on the role of a janitor of a care home when his Grandad is forced into social care. It is the first feature to be directed by John McPhail. When Jen starts her new Job as a nurse at the 'Easy Love Care Home, she is surprised to find James, a 25-year-old man living and working in the building. James and his three,","title":"Where Do We Go from Here? (2015 film)"},{"psg_id":"19293034","text":"Where Do We Go from Here? (2015 film) Where Do We Go from Here? is a Scottish comedy feature film by John McPhail. The film centres on James (Tyler Collins) a young man who takes on the role of a janitor of a care home when his Grandad is forced into social care. It is the first feature to be directed by John McPhail. When Jen starts her new Job as a nurse at the 'Easy Love Care Home, she is surprised to find James, a 25-year-old man living and working in the building. James and his three, elderly best","title":"Where Do We Go from Here? (2015 film)"},{"psg_id":"12169932","text":"how life is short, and that if you look around you can see that people need to embrace each other with love all the time, and not just when the country is at an all-time low (hence the Vietnam War). The title line is taken from a TV reporter's comment during the broadcast of the 1969 moon landing—a historically positive event in stark contrast to the social upheaval on Earth at the time. A live performance of the song can be found on their 1971 \"Chicago at Carnegie Hall\" album. Where Do We Go from Here? (Chicago song) \"Where Do","title":"Where Do We Go from Here? (Chicago song)"},{"psg_id":"19680743","text":"his Vice column, Robert Christgau selected \"Do You Wanna Come Over?\" and \"Clumsy\" as his favorite tracks on the album. Amy Mackelden of \"Bustle\" elaborated about the track: With a strong '90s vibe, an upbeat tempo, and a surprising rhythm, \"Do You Wanna Come Over?\" utilizes the best of Spears' talents. [...] \"Do You Wanna Come Over?\" embraces the current trend for songs that are musically complicated, that layer up their beats and sound effects, and feature multiple voices and infectious shouting during their choruses. Much like Hailee Steinfeld and Gwen Stefani's latest offerings, \"Do You Wanna Come Over?\" is","title":"Do You Wanna Come Over?"},{"psg_id":"4073","text":"ring from the left represents Audi, the second represents DKW, third is Horch, and the fourth and last ring Wanderer. The design is popularly believed to have been the idea of Klaus von Oertzen, the director of sales at Wanderer - when Berlin was chosen as the host city for the 1936 Summer Olympics and that a form of the Olympic logo symbolized the newly established Auto Union's desire to succeed. Somewhat ironically, the International Olympic Committee later sued Audi in the International Trademark Court in 1995, where they lost. The original \"Audi\" script, with the distinctive slanted tails on","title":"Audi"},{"psg_id":"11038172","text":"Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come from? Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come From? is a book by American biblical scholar and archaeologist William G. Dever. Dever has been prominent in the debate between biblical \"maximalists\" and \"minimalists\" over the historicity of the Bible (specifically the Old Testament). This book, which coincided with Dever's retirement from the University of Arizona, where he served as professor of Near Eastern Archaeology and Anthropology for many years, was written on a semi-popular level to explain the background and origin of the people Dever describes as","title":"Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come from?"},{"psg_id":"15644453","text":"Come Along, Do! Come Along, Do! is an 1898 British short silent comedy film, produced and directed by Robert W. Paul. The film was of 1 minute duration, but only 38 seconds has survived. The whole of the second shot is only available as film stills. The film features an elderly man at an art gallery who takes a great interest in a nude statue to the irritation of his wife. The film has cinematographic significance as the first example of film continuity. It was, according to Michael Brooke of BFI Screenonline, \"one of the first films to feature more","title":"Come Along, Do!"},{"psg_id":"3717100","text":"launch in the US, Audi Library iPad App was produced, allowing the user to configure a 2014 R8 V10 plus on the fully interactive digital brochure as well as access dynamic Audi content. In conjunction with the new Audi Library app, Audi also released a new video on the S tronic transmission. The video engages and excites sportscar enthusiasts by highlighting the incredibly fast shifting seven-speed S tronic double clutch transmission on the track. As part of the 2014 Audi R8 launch in the US, the Audi #WantAnR8 contest returned between October 23, 2013 and November 20, 2013, where fans","title":"Audi R8"},{"psg_id":"2810338","text":"to the artist, \"an old woman approaching death appears reconciled and resigned to her thoughts\"; at her feet, \"a strange white bird...represents the futility of words\" or \"the uselessness of vain words\". The blue idol in the background apparently represents what Gauguin described as \"the Beyond.\" Of its entirety he said, \"I believe that this canvas not only surpasses all my preceding ones, but that I shall never do anything better—or even like it.\" The painting is an accentuation of Gauguin's trailblazing post-impressionistic style; his art stressed the vivid use of colors and thick brushstrokes, tenets of the impressionists (though","title":"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?"},{"psg_id":"5513156","text":"Audi S6 The Audi S6 is the high performance variant of the Audi A6, an executive car produced by German automaker Audi. It went on sale in 1994, shortly after the \"A6\" designation was introduced, replacing the \"100\" nameplate. The original S6 (\"Ur-S6\") was largely the same car as the outgoing, original Audi S4 (C4) (\"Ur-S4\"), with the only visible differences being new body-cladding and badging. In certain markets where the even-higher performance RS6 which is also based on the A6 is not sold, the S6 is the most powerful A6 trim there. The S6, like all Audi \"S\" models,","title":"Audi S6"},{"psg_id":"4083","text":"mass-produced in China and marketed by Audi in their factory outlet store. As part of Audi's attempt to promote its Diesel technology in 2009, the company began Audi Mileage Marathon. The driving tour featured a fleet of 23 Audi TDI vehicles from 4 models (Audi Q7 3.0 TDI, Audi Q5 3.0 TDI, Audi A4 3.0 TDI, Audi A3 Sportback 2.0 TDI with S tronic transmission) travelling across the American continent from New York to Los Angeles, passing major cities like Chicago, Dallas and Las Vegas during the 13 daily stages, as well as natural wonders including the Rocky Mountains, Death","title":"Audi"},{"psg_id":"12734519","text":"to a Peugeot 1–2 victory. At the R15's last race, two cars were entered into the Zhuhai 1000 km. Both cars were leading the 908s by thirty seconds after Sebastian Bourdais make contact with a GT2 Porsche. A late safety car session saw the Audi's lead shrink to thirteen seconds. Afterwards a controversial team-work by Peugeot saw the No. 1 908 slowed down the No. 7 Audi enough to let the No. two Peugeot come out of the pits just two seconds ahead. The race ended with Peugeot No. 2 winning four seconds ahead of the Audi. Audi did not","title":"Audi R15 TDI"},{"psg_id":"3808385","text":"stroke / angle of the blocks are different and they do not share a single component. The only twelve-cylinder diesel engine used in any passenger car, it was rated at and of torque. This gives the vehicle a 0–100 km/h (62 mph) acceleration time of 5.5 seconds. The Q7 V12 TDI is, according to Audi, the best handling Q7 due to a revised suspension, tires and brakes. Audi claims the Q7 V12 TDI can handle a lateral acceleration of over .9 g on a skid-pad. The concept vehicle originally appeared at the 2006 Paris Motor Show. Audi had announced V12","title":"Audi Q7"},{"psg_id":"15581483","text":"the best documentary editing award. In 2012, the film won a News & Documentary Emmy Award for Outstanding Continuing Coverage of a News Story (Long Form), as well as the Truer Than Fiction Independent Spirit Award. Motivated by a variety of reasons from college tuition support, to a sense of purpose, best friends Dominic and Cole join the Army National Guard after graduating from their rural high school. After persuading several of their friends to join them, the young men are sent to Afghanistan as part of the 107th Engineer Battalion, 168th Engineer Brigade, where they are tasked with searching","title":"Where Soldiers Come From"},{"psg_id":"15675402","text":"singing about a growing apart and making choices when a relationship changes. He serenades the camera, pleading, \"Where do we go from here? My heart, my soul, won't let you go,\" as he tosses a notebook of lyrics across the room and stares hopelessly off into the distance. \"Where Do We Go\" may be his venture into ballads and an acoustic side. Credits adapted are taken from Allmusic. Where Do We Go \"Where Do We Go\" is a song by British recording artist, Jay Sean, taken from his mixtape album,\"The Mistress\" and is the mixtape's lead single. The song was","title":"Where Do We Go"},{"psg_id":"2810336","text":"does humanity proceed?\". Although in later life Gauguin was vociferously anticlerical, these questions from Dupanloup's catechism obviously had lodged in his mind, and \"where?\" became the key question that Gauguin asked in his art. Looking for a society more simple and elemental than that of his native France, Gauguin left for Tahiti in 1891. In addition to several other paintings that express his highly individualistic mythology, he completed this painting in 1897 or 1898. Gauguin considered it a masterpiece and the grand culmination of his thought. He was in despair when he undertook the painting, mourning the tragic death of","title":"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?"},{"psg_id":"11038173","text":"the \"protoIsraelites.\" It followed an earlier book, \"What Did the Biblical Writers Know and When Did They Know It?\", in which Dever, contrary to the \"minimalists\", asserted that the writers of the Old Testament knew a good deal about the Israelites' past. Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come from? Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come From? is a book by American biblical scholar and archaeologist William G. Dever. Dever has been prominent in the debate between biblical \"maximalists\" and \"minimalists\" over the historicity of the Bible (specifically the Old Testament). This book,","title":"Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come from?"},{"psg_id":"5513181","text":"an MRSP of $72,795 USD). UK sales began in May, with a starting price of £53,995 for the saloon, and £56,050 for the Avant. Audi S6 The Audi S6 is the high performance variant of the Audi A6, an executive car produced by German automaker Audi. It went on sale in 1994, shortly after the \"A6\" designation was introduced, replacing the \"100\" nameplate. The original S6 (\"Ur-S6\") was largely the same car as the outgoing, original Audi S4 (C4) (\"Ur-S4\"), with the only visible differences being new body-cladding and badging. In certain markets where the even-higher performance RS6 which is","title":"Audi S6"},{"psg_id":"3717098","text":"poster advertisements of the car, instantly bringing 2D photographs to life. An Audi R8 e-tron prototype were used in Marvel's Iron Man 3 movie, with Tony Stark (Robert Downey Jr.) as driver. A red 2014 Audi R8 Spyder was used in the U.S. premiere of Iron Man 3 at El Capitan and TCL Chinese Theatres, with Robert Downey, Jr. as driver. A 2014 Audi R8 V10 Plus Coupé was used in the Audi Health Check program in Canada (between 2013-07-15 and 2013-09-15), where some customers turning in out-of-warranty vehicles received as a shuttle an Audi R8 outfitted as a German","title":"Audi R8"},{"psg_id":"19680745","text":"Spears's setlist for the iHeartRadio Music Festival on September 24, 2016. Spears also performed it at I Heart Radio Jingle Ball, Triple Show and B26 Pepsi Jingle Bash during December 2016. Also performed it at Apple Music Festival which was held in United Kingdom. \"Billboard\" named \"Do You Wanna Come Over?\" as one of the best pop songs of 2016. Credits adapted from the liner notes of \"Glory\". Recording Personnel \"Do You Wanna Come Over?\" appeared for two weeks on France's SNEP singles chart, becoming the highest charting promotional single from \"Glory\". It debuted at number one hundred thirty-five on","title":"Do You Wanna Come Over?"},{"psg_id":"13901864","text":"Jerk\" on a telecast of the syndicated Detroit – based teen dance party show Teen Town . The song appears on several Miracles \"Greatest Hits\" collections, having first appeared on their album, Greatest Hits Vol.2 The song's flip side, \"Baby Don't You Go\", was also a popular regional hit but was not released on CD until \"The 35th Anniversary Collection\" in 1994. Both sides of this single received new stereo mixes for the 2002 compilation \"Ooo Baby Baby: The Anthology.\" See \"The Miracles\" perform \"Come On Do The Jerk\" at this link Come On Do the Jerk Come On Do","title":"Come On Do the Jerk"},{"psg_id":"13184093","text":"and Every Little Thing. On its third week the album rose back to number one, their first album in fourteen years to do so. The album was certified Triple Platinum for shipment of 750,000 copies. It is also the first DCT album to be released under Nayutawave Records, a sub-label of Universal Music Japan. Do You Dreams Come True? Do You Dreams Come True? is Dreams Come True's fifteenth studio album. It was released on March 21, 2009, which coincides with the release of their debut single in 1989. It was released in three formats: Regular edition (CD only), limited","title":"Do You Dreams Come True?"},{"psg_id":"15507421","text":"2012 book \"Ignoring Poverty in the U.S.: The Corporate Takeover of Public Education\". The revamped 2010 version of King's work was highlighted in a 2011 University Press Book for Public and Secondary School Libraries, and was recommended for use in teaching. Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community? Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community? is a 1967 book by African-American minister, Nobel Peace Prize laureate, and social justice campaigner Martin Luther King, Jr. Advocating for human rights and a sense of hope, it was King's fourth and last book before his assassination. He spent a","title":"Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community?"},{"psg_id":"15507416","text":"Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community? Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community? is a 1967 book by African-American minister, Nobel Peace Prize laureate, and social justice campaigner Martin Luther King, Jr. Advocating for human rights and a sense of hope, it was King's fourth and last book before his assassination. He spent a long period in isolation, living in a rented residence in Jamaica with no telephone, composing the book. It later lapsed out of print until Beacon Press published an expanded edition in 2010, which featured a new introduction passage by King's long-time","title":"Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community?"},{"psg_id":"13901861","text":"Come On Do the Jerk Come On Do the Jerk (Tamla 54109) was a 1964 song recorded by R&B group the Miracles on Motown Records' Tamla label subsidiary. A single-only release, it did not appear on any original Miracles studio album, and was the group's last single release of 1964. Co-written by Miracles members Pete Moore, Bobby Rogers, Smokey Robinson, and Ronnie White, \"Come On Do the Jerk\" charted at #50 on the \"Billboard\" \"Hot 100\" and at # 22 on the Cash Box R&B chart.(Billboard had temporarily suspended its R&B chart at this time). An instructional dance number, this","title":"Come On Do the Jerk"},{"psg_id":"4012","text":"to produce the larger Audi models A6 and A8. The Neckarsulm factory is also home of the \"quattro GmbH\" (from November 2016 \"Audi Sport GmbH\"), a subsidiary responsible for development and production of Audi high-performance models: the R8 and the \"RS\" model range. The new merged company was incorporated on 1 January 1969 and was known as Audi NSU Auto Union AG, with its headquarters at NSU's Neckarsulm plant, and saw the emergence of Audi as a separate brand for the first time since the pre-war era. Volkswagen introduced the Audi brand to the United States for the 1970 model","title":"Audi"},{"psg_id":"18389570","text":"Audi Navigation Plus Audi Navigation Plus is an in-car media and navigation system developed by Audi. Unlike the Audi Multi Media Interface, it can not control climate, convenience, suspension or engine settings. Audi Navigation Plus units were available mostly as an optional equipment instead of standard stereo systems. Audi labeled three devices (of which the first two look identical) as Navigation Plus. Those units are technically known as RNS-C/RNS-D and RNS-E, where RNS stands for \"Radio Navigation System\". The RNS-C and RNS-D devices look identical and are very similar to Volkswagen MFD installed in some Volkswagen, Skoda, SEAT and Ford","title":"Audi Navigation Plus"},{"psg_id":"4223732","text":"Audi V8 The Audi V8 (\"Typ\" 4C) is a four-door, full-size luxury sedan, built by Audi in Germany from 1988 to 1993, as the company's flagship model. It was the first car from Audi to use a V8 engine, and also the first Audi to combine a quattro system with an automatic transmission. Early cars used 3.6-litre V8s, while later cars featured a 4.2-litre version of the engine. The Audi V8 was replaced by the Audi A8 in 1994, although the A8 was not sold in North America until 1996. The competition model of the Audi V8 won back-to-back Deutsche","title":"Audi V8"},{"psg_id":"19680746","text":"the week of August 20, 2016, and later climbed to number one hundred thirty-four on August 27, 2016, becoming its peak position. Do You Wanna Come Over? \"Do You Wanna Come Over?\" is a song recorded by American singer Britney Spears for her ninth studio album \"Glory\" (2016). It was written by Mattias Larsson, Robin Fredriksson, Julia Michaels, Justin Tranter and Sandy Chila, and produced by Mattman & Robin. The song was released as the third and final promotional single from the album on August 18, 2016, as an instant track for those who pre-ordered the album and for streaming.","title":"Do You Wanna Come Over?"},{"psg_id":"13901863","text":"Rogers, echo Smokey's lead, with chants of the song's title, in classic call and response style. Then, midway through the song, Smokey's role changes... from narrator to dance instructor, as he instructs the listener on the Jerk's simple dance steps: The Righteous Brothers, Bill Medley and Bobby Hatfield, performed a cover of this song on a 1964 telecast of the ABC TV series, Shindig!.(available on YouTube). Recording group The T-Bones also recorded an instrumental cover version of The Miracles' \"Come On Do the Jerk\" on their 1965 LP entitled \"Doin' the Jerk\". The Miracles themselves performed \"Come On Do the","title":"Come On Do the Jerk"},{"psg_id":"3040710","text":"of America said in April 2015 that he's \"confident\" we'll see the car come to the United States. In April 2015, the new 2015 RS 3 Sportback was promoted in the UK by a controversial commercial portraying an Audi R8 \"giving birth\" to it. Starting in 2017, a sedan model of the RS 3 was offered. After four years, the third-generation Audi A3 was given a facelift for the model year 2017, which also coincided with the 20th anniversary of the A3 name. The facelifted model was first unveiled through a set of official images in April 2016. The new","title":"Audi A3"},{"psg_id":"9577967","text":"success was trumped by subsequent Audi models. In July 1967, it was reported that 100,000 Audis had been completed: production of the F103 had by now built up to a rate of almost 40,000 per year and the company was moved to deny speculation that another new Audi model would be presented at the Frankfurt Motor Show in the Autumn / Fall of 1967. (The Audi 100 was introduced only towards the end of 1968.) \"Manufacturer's figures except where stated\" Audi F103 F103 is the internal designation for a series of car models produced by Auto Union GmbH (after merger","title":"Audi F103"},{"psg_id":"3039066","text":"100s (largely in European style but with tail lights in American style) were also assembled in Changchun. The 1.8 litre engine was known as the \"QG18\". Hongqi production commenced in 1993 and ended in 2006 where the Toyota Crown Majesta S180 replaced it as its successor under the name HQ3 and HQ430. At the Geneva Motor Show in March 1990 Audi presented its first iteration of the Audi Duo (or Audi 100 Avant Duo) experimental vehicle, a plug-in parallel hybrid based on the Audi 100 Avant quattro. This car had a Siemens electric motor which drove the rear wheels. A","title":"Audi 100"},{"psg_id":"13376225","text":"artists, including Louis Armstrong, Cab Calloway, Eddie Condon, Duke Ellington, Benny Goodman, Coleman Hawkins, Fletcher Henderson, George Shearing, Teddi King, and Old Man Markley. A recording by Lisa Kirk with orchestra was made at Manhattan Center, New York City, on July 16, 1952. It was released by RCA Victor Records as catalog number 20-4869. Julie London included the song in her album \"Swing Me an Old Song\" (1959). Bing Crosby recorded the song for his album \"Bing Crosby's Treasury - The Songs I Love (1968 version)\" How Come You Do Me Like You Do? \"How Come You Do Me Like","title":"How Come You Do Me Like You Do?"},{"psg_id":"9247638","text":"Apple iPad, which allows the viewer to change the color of the car on almost every page, and included a 3D driving simulation. As part of A1 Sportback Urban Style Limited launch in Japan, an Audi A1 present campaign was held between 2013-06-07 and 2013-07-31, where an A1 Sportback Urban Style Limited was given away as A-prize. Audi A1 The Audi A1 (internally designated Typ 8X) is a supermini sized economy car launched by Audi at the 2010 Geneva Motor Show. Sales of the initial three door A1 model started in Germany in August 2010, with the United Kingdom following","title":"Audi A1"},{"psg_id":"15675399","text":"Where Do We Go \"Where Do We Go\" is a song by British recording artist, Jay Sean, taken from his mixtape album,\"The Mistress\" and is the mixtape's lead single. The song was produced by OFM production team J-Remy and Bobby Bass. Jay Sean asks \"Where Do We Go\" on the first release from his mixtape The Mistress featuring acoustic renditions of original songs and his spin on some beloved classics. The Cash Money crooner tries to put back the pieces of a broken relationship on the stripped-down ballad, which is also accompanied by a video of him in the studio,","title":"Where Do We Go"},{"psg_id":"5002408","text":"praise from many critics. Later released as a single, \"Theme from \"Mahogany\"\" became a number-one hit on both the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100, and the Easy Listening charts. The song was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Song. Ross performed the song live at the Academy Awards ceremony via satellite from the Netherlands. Theme from Mahogany (Do You Know Where You're Going To) \"Theme from \"Mahogany\" (Do You Know Where You're Going To)\" is a song written by Michael Masser and Gerry Goffin, and initially recorded by American singer Thelma Houston in 1973, and then most notably by Diana","title":"Theme from Mahogany (Do You Know Where You're Going To)"},{"psg_id":"3993","text":"acquired by Volkswagen from Daimler-Benz. After relaunching the Audi brand with the 1965 introduction of the Audi F103 series, Volkswagen merged Auto Union with NSU Motorenwerke in 1969, thus creating the present day form of the company. The company name is based on the Latin translation of the surname of the founder, August Horch. \"Horch\", meaning \"listen\" in German, becomes \"audi\" in Latin. The four rings of the Audi logo each represent one of four car companies that banded together to create Audi's predecessor company, Auto Union. Audi's slogan is \"Vorsprung durch Technik\", meaning \"Being Ahead through Technology\". However, Audi","title":"Audi"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19937218\",\n \"text\": \"Where Do You Come From \\\"Where Do You Come From\\\" is a song first recorded by Elvis Presley as part of the soundtrack for his 1962 motion picture \\\"Girls! Girls! Girls!\\\". Later it was rejected from the motion picture and wasn't used in it, but appeared on its soundtrack album \\\"Girls! Girls! Girls!\\\". The song was written by Ruth Bachelor and Bob Roberts. Elvis Presley recorded \\\"Where Do You Come From\\\" on March 27, 1962 — during his March 26-28 soundtrack recordings for the Paramount motion picture \\\"Girls! Girls! Girls!\\\" at the Radio Recorders studio in Hollywood, California. The song\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do You Come From\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19937219\",\n \"text\": \"was released on a single as a flip side to \\\"Return to Sender\\\" in October 1962. \\\"Where Do You Come From\\\" peaked at number 99 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100, while \\\"Return to Sender\\\" peaked at number 2. The title \\\"Return to Sender\\\" was certified Gold in the United States for selling a million copies. \\\"Billboard\\\" in 1962 called the song a \\\"croon ballad\\\". According to the book \\\"Elvis Films FAQ\\\", it is a \\\"slow, aching ballad\\\" that \\\"starts a bit like \\\"As Long As I Have You\\\"\\\" Where Do You Come From \\\"Where Do You Come From\\\" is a\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do You Come From\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15594054\",\n \"text\": \"especially young girls, experience adolescence and how her body changes. Where Do Teenagers Come From? Where Do Teenagers Come From? was an American television teen comedy/documentary that aired as an \\\"ABC Afterschool Special\\\" on March 5, 1980. The live action/animation program was produced by DePatie-Freleng Enterprises and was a sequel to the 1977 program \\\"My Mom's Having a Baby.\\\" The special was notable for its signature song \\\"Growing Up,\\\" written by Doug Goodwin. When 12-year-old Kelly begins to experience changes in her body, she, along with Petey and Oscar, once again visit Dr. Lendon Smith, who uses an animated film\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do Teenagers Come From?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15594053\",\n \"text\": \"Where Do Teenagers Come From? Where Do Teenagers Come From? was an American television teen comedy/documentary that aired as an \\\"ABC Afterschool Special\\\" on March 5, 1980. The live action/animation program was produced by DePatie-Freleng Enterprises and was a sequel to the 1977 program \\\"My Mom's Having a Baby.\\\" The special was notable for its signature song \\\"Growing Up,\\\" written by Doug Goodwin. When 12-year-old Kelly begins to experience changes in her body, she, along with Petey and Oscar, once again visit Dr. Lendon Smith, who uses an animated film that explains in detail (via Smith's narraration) of how teenagers,\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do Teenagers Come From?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2810341\",\n \"text\": \"Boston, acquired it from the Marie Harriman Gallery on 16 April 1936. Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? is a painting by French artist Paul Gauguin. Gauguin inscribed the original French title in the upper left corner: D'où Venons Nous / Que Sommes Nous / Où Allons Nous. The inscription the artist wrote on his canvas has no question mark, no dash, and all words are capitalized. In the upper right corner he signed and dated the painting: \\\"P. Gauguin / 1897\\\".\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2810334\",\n \"text\": \"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? is a painting by French artist Paul Gauguin. Gauguin inscribed the original French title in the upper left corner: D'où Venons Nous / Que Sommes Nous / Où Allons Nous. The inscription the artist wrote on his canvas has no question mark, no dash, and all words are capitalized. In the upper right corner he signed and dated the painting: \\\"P. Gauguin / 1897\\\". The painting was created in Tahiti, and is in the Museum of\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13273818\",\n \"text\": \"with Nelson on a half dozen cuts and the long-time Grateful Dead lyricist demonstrates an elegant command of language on the title song, while the band's playing on a close to eight minute track is articulate in its own way... NRPS 2009 can excel when they improvise, as on the ten-minute plus of 'Ghost Train Blues', and the group would do well to jam more often and bring in more cover material, such as the traditional 'Them Old Minglewood Blues', to complement their originals.\\\" Where I Come From (album) Where I Come From is the fourteenth studio album by the\",\n \"title\": \"Where I Come From (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18992438\",\n \"text\": \"as positive reviews by NPR, The Guardian, The Washington Post, Billboard, Dazed, Jamaican Observer, Complex, FACT, and more. \\\"Where We Come From\\\" received acclaim from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalised rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 81, which indicates \\\"universal acclaim\\\", based on 5 reviews. Where We Come From Where We Come From is the debut studio album by Jamaican dancehall artist Popcaan, released on 10 June 2014 by Mixpak Records. A prolific dancehall artist from Jamaica, Popcaan collaborated with several producers on the album: Dre Skull\",\n \"title\": \"Where We Come From\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18992437\",\n \"text\": \"Where We Come From Where We Come From is the debut studio album by Jamaican dancehall artist Popcaan, released on 10 June 2014 by Mixpak Records. A prolific dancehall artist from Jamaica, Popcaan collaborated with several producers on the album: Dre Skull (who also served as the album's Executive Producer), Dubbel Dutch, Anju Blaxx, Jaime YVP and Adde Instrumentals. \\\"Where We Come From\\\" received critical acclaim upon release, and placed on several year-end critics' lists for 2014. Upon release of the album, Popcaan was featured as the cover star on The Fader, garnered an 8.0 rating at Pitchfork, as well\",\n \"title\": \"Where We Come From\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15581482\",\n \"text\": \"Where Soldiers Come From Where Soldiers Come From is a 2011 American documentary film directed by Heather Courtney. The film is an intimate look at a group of young American men who join the Michigan Army National Guard, their families, and the town they come from. Director Heather Courtney follows these young men closely, as they transition from small town teenagers to Army guardsmen during the war in Afghanistan. Their story continues to follow the 23-year-old veterans dealing with the less visible wounds of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and PTSD. It premiered at South by Southwest festival, where it won\",\n \"title\": \"Where Soldiers Come From\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15581489\",\n \"text\": \"You, as well as an original score by composers Alex Chavez and Chad Stocker. Where Soldiers Come From Where Soldiers Come From is a 2011 American documentary film directed by Heather Courtney. The film is an intimate look at a group of young American men who join the Michigan Army National Guard, their families, and the town they come from. Director Heather Courtney follows these young men closely, as they transition from small town teenagers to Army guardsmen during the war in Afghanistan. Their story continues to follow the 23-year-old veterans dealing with the less visible wounds of Traumatic Brain\",\n \"title\": \"Where Soldiers Come From\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7883156\",\n \"text\": \"and remixed to become \\\"Come to Where I'm From\\\". As this was not the official finalized release, few promos were made. Note Come to Where I'm From Come to Where I'm From is the second studio album by Joseph Arthur released by Real World Records on April 11, 2000. The album was co-produced by T-Bone Burnett, and features the singles \\\"Chemical\\\" and \\\"In the Sun.\\\" Real World Records reissued the album in July 2012, as a part of their \\\"Real World Gold\\\" series. In the UK, there were two singles released from the album: On March 11, 1999, a promo\",\n \"title\": \"Come to Where I'm From\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16269689\",\n \"text\": \"Back Where I Come From \\\"Back Where I Come From\\\" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Mac McAnally. It was released in January 1990 as the first single from his album \\\"Simple Life\\\". The song reached number 14 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Its B-side, \\\"Company Time\\\", was later a single for Linda Davis in 1994. The song is a mid-tempo in which the narrator expresses nostalgia towards his hometown in Mississippi. Regarding its content, McAnally told \\\"American Songwriter\\\", \\\"When I wrote 'Back Where I Come From' I thought that it\",\n \"title\": \"Back Where I Come From\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13273813\",\n \"text\": \"Where I Come From (album) Where I Come From is the fourteenth studio album by the American country rock band the New Riders of the Purple Sage. It was recorded in 2008, and released on the Woodstock Records label on June 2, 2009. Following \\\"\\\", \\\"Where I Come From\\\" was the second album recorded by the New Riders after they re-formed in 2005, with band co-founder David Nelson on guitar, long-time member Buddy Cage on pedal steel guitar, Hot Tuna alumnus Michael Falzarano on guitar, Ronnie Penque on bass, and Johnny Markowski on drums. It was the band's first studio\",\n \"title\": \"Where I Come From (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11514884\",\n \"text\": \"Where Do We Go from Here (Filter song) \\\"Where Do We Go from Here\\\" is a song by American industrial rock band Filter for their third studio album, The Amalgamut. The song was released as the album's first single in 2002. \\\"Where Do We Go from Here\\\" failed to match the success of their earlier hit single, 2000's \\\"Take a Picture\\\" on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100. However, it managed to come close to the top ten of the Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks and Hot Modern Rock Tracks charts at number 12 and number 11, respectively. A popular remix of this\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go from Here (Filter song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11063384\",\n \"text\": \"find their maker, named Kenji and their questions are answered. Where the Toys Come From Where The Toys Come From is a Disney special directed by Theodore Thomas created in 1983 and then released in 1984 by Walt Disney Studio Showcase. It follows the journey of two toys, named Zoom and Peepers, as they try to find out where they were made. Their owner, named Robin assists them in their journey. Their search begins in a toy museum, where they find out they were made in Japan. Robin takes them to the toy store they were purchased from and they\",\n \"title\": \"Where the Toys Come From\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11063383\",\n \"text\": \"Where the Toys Come From Where The Toys Come From is a Disney special directed by Theodore Thomas created in 1983 and then released in 1984 by Walt Disney Studio Showcase. It follows the journey of two toys, named Zoom and Peepers, as they try to find out where they were made. Their owner, named Robin assists them in their journey. Their search begins in a toy museum, where they find out they were made in Japan. Robin takes them to the toy store they were purchased from and they begin their trip to Japan. In Japan, Zoom and Peepers\",\n \"title\": \"Where the Toys Come From\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16269691\",\n \"text\": \"said that \\\"As a publisher I knew I was devaluing the copyright by singing it myself instead of passing it onto better and bigger singers, but I did it anyway. One of many of my classically bad business choices, but thankfully Kenny Chesney was kind enough to bail me out and cut it again.\\\" From \\\"Simple Life\\\" liner notes. Back Where I Come From \\\"Back Where I Come From\\\" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Mac McAnally. It was released in January 1990 as the first single from his album \\\"Simple Life\\\". The song reached\",\n \"title\": \"Back Where I Come From\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7883155\",\n \"text\": \"Come to Where I'm From Come to Where I'm From is the second studio album by Joseph Arthur released by Real World Records on April 11, 2000. The album was co-produced by T-Bone Burnett, and features the singles \\\"Chemical\\\" and \\\"In the Sun.\\\" Real World Records reissued the album in July 2012, as a part of their \\\"Real World Gold\\\" series. In the UK, there were two singles released from the album: On March 11, 1999, a promo CD titled Rusty Water was released via Virgin Records. The CD featured 13 tracks, most of which would later be re-recorded, edited,\",\n \"title\": \"Come to Where I'm From\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2810335\",\n \"text\": \"Fine Arts in Boston, Massachusetts, US. Gauguin had been a student at the Petit Séminaire de La Chapelle-Saint-Mesmin, just outside Orléans, from the age of eleven to the age of sixteen. His subjects there included a class in Catholic liturgy; the teacher for this class was the Bishop of Orléans, Félix-Antoine-Philibert Dupanloup. Dupanloup had devised his own catechism to be lodged in the minds of the young schoolboys, and to lead them towards proper spiritual reflections on the nature of life. The three fundamental questions in this catechism were: \\\"Where does humanity come from?\\\" \\\"Where is it going to?\\\", \\\"How\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12637782\",\n \"text\": \"fell to number 2 on October 27, with Brooks & Dunn's \\\"Only in America\\\" taking over at Number One. The next week, \\\"Where I Come From\\\" returned to number 1 for a third and final week at the top. Where I Come From (Alan Jackson song) \\\"Where I Come From\\\" is a song written and performed by American country music singer Alan Jackson. It was released in July 2001 as the third single from his album \\\"When Somebody Loves You\\\". In November 2001, the song became Jackson's 18th #1 hit on the \\\"Billboard\\\" country charts, his only number one from\",\n \"title\": \"Where I Come From (Alan Jackson song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9434252\",\n \"text\": \"the album managed to sell more than 500,000 copies domestically. With thirty-eight weeks in the German Top 100, a platinum, and a gold certification the album became the eleventh successful album of 2002. Never Forget (Where You Come From) Never Forget (Where You Come From) is the debut studio album by German pop group Bro'Sis. It was released on January 21, 2002 on Cheyenne Records, Polydor and Zeitgeist. It was primarily produced by Toni Cottura, with additional production from Alex Christensen, Marc Mozart, Syndicate Music, and others. The album reached the top of the German, Austrian and Swiss albums chart\",\n \"title\": \"Never Forget (Where You Come From)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9434251\",\n \"text\": \"Never Forget (Where You Come From) Never Forget (Where You Come From) is the debut studio album by German pop group Bro'Sis. It was released on January 21, 2002 on Cheyenne Records, Polydor and Zeitgeist. It was primarily produced by Toni Cottura, with additional production from Alex Christensen, Marc Mozart, Syndicate Music, and others. The album reached the top of the German, Austrian and Swiss albums chart and spawned five singles, including number one single \\\"I Believe\\\" and a cover version of 98 Degrees' 1999 Christmas single \\\"The Gift\\\". Including its \\\"Special Winter Edition\\\" (released on November 11, 2002) and\",\n \"title\": \"Never Forget (Where You Come From)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15581486\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"hauntingly beautiful and deeply felt...some of the best Afghanistan war-related storytelling I’ve seen.” In his review of the film, \\\"Time Magazine\\\"'s film critic Steven James Snyder called it an \\\"emotional and engrossing portrait of America's bravest.\\\" Matt Zoller Seitz of Salon claimed that \\\"the last 10 years have produced an array of documentaries about post-9/11 America, but few are as haunting and compassionate as Heather Courtney’s ‘Where Soldiers Come From.’” Salon also included the film in their list of \\\"the best nonfiction TV of 2011.\\\" Documentary filmmaker Michael Moore said the film was \\\"a profoundly moving experience. One of the\",\n \"title\": \"Where Soldiers Come From\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15458390\",\n \"text\": \"his new single. I predict he has his next Top 5 on the line and maybe a #1?\\\" The website \\\"Urban Country Blog\\\" gave the song a positive review writing \\\"With radio making a slight shift to more traditional material again, a grown-up break-up song such as this should do well.\\\" \\\"Where Do I Go from You\\\" debuted at number 60 on the U.S. \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Songs chart dated August 14, 2010, and reached a peak of number 26 in March 2011. Where Do I Go from You \\\"Where Do I Go from You\\\" is a song written by\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do I Go from You\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15458386\",\n \"text\": \"Where Do I Go from You \\\"Where Do I Go from You\\\" is a song written by Don Cook, Clint Daniels, and Ryan Tyndell and recorded by American country music singer Clay Walker. It was released in August 2010 as the second single to his album \\\"She Won't Be Lonely Long\\\". It peaked at #26 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks charts, becoming his 28th top 40 hit on the chart. Prior to \\\"Where Do I Go from You\\\" being released as a single, Walker expressed that he thought \\\"Summer Song\\\" would be a better choice. He explained\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do I Go from You\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12637779\",\n \"text\": \"Where I Come From (Alan Jackson song) \\\"Where I Come From\\\" is a song written and performed by American country music singer Alan Jackson. It was released in July 2001 as the third single from his album \\\"When Somebody Loves You\\\". In November 2001, the song became Jackson's 18th #1 hit on the \\\"Billboard\\\" country charts, his only number one from the album. The song is a moderate up-tempo which finds the narrator, a truck driver, traveling across the United States and finding himself in various situations that make him think about how life in other places is different from\",\n \"title\": \"Where I Come From (Alan Jackson song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4499746\",\n \"text\": \"was the fourth model to come out of Audi's private subsidiary company, \\\"quattro GmbH\\\". The first was the Audi RS2 Avant, from a joint venture between Porsche and quattro GmbH for the Audi marque. The second was the Audi C4 S6 Plus, produced from April 1996 to July 1997. Third was the 2000 Audi B5 RS4; the fifth was the 2005 Audi B7 A4 DTM Edition saloon, and the sixth was the 2006 Audi B7 RS4. The seventh and current () quattro GmbH model is the latest Audi C6 RS 6. Production of the original Audi C5 RS 6 began\",\n \"title\": \"Audi RS 6\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16225581\",\n \"text\": \"September 2017. It would be the duo's final Top 10 hit. The music video was directed by Potsy Ponciroli and premiered in September 2011. Where I Come From (Montgomery Gentry song) \\\"Where I Come From\\\" is a song recorded by American country music duo Montgomery Gentry. It is the first single from their seventh studio album, \\\"Rebels on the Run\\\". The song was written by Rodney Clawson and Dallas Davidson. The song is a mid-tempo rock-influenced song in which the narrators express pride with their Southern heritage. Co-writer Dallas Davidson said that he did not like many of Montgomery Gentry's\",\n \"title\": \"Where I Come From (Montgomery Gentry song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16225578\",\n \"text\": \"Where I Come From (Montgomery Gentry song) \\\"Where I Come From\\\" is a song recorded by American country music duo Montgomery Gentry. It is the first single from their seventh studio album, \\\"Rebels on the Run\\\". The song was written by Rodney Clawson and Dallas Davidson. The song is a mid-tempo rock-influenced song in which the narrators express pride with their Southern heritage. Co-writer Dallas Davidson said that he did not like many of Montgomery Gentry's previous singles, and that \\\"I feel like this song fits them, and I say that as a fan. I think that they can actually\",\n \"title\": \"Where I Come From (Montgomery Gentry song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16269690\",\n \"text\": \"was a hit, but also that it said something that I personally wanted to be the first to say.\\\" The song, the first cut on \\\"Simple Life\\\", has a play length of 3 minutes and 32 seconds; a 1-minute and 20 second reprise, performed by McAnally on piano with backing from the Nashville String Machine, is the album's sixth track. \\\"Back Where I Come From\\\" was covered by Kenny Chesney on his 1996 album \\\"Me and You\\\", produced by Barry Beckett. Chesney also included a live version of the song on his 2000 \\\"Greatest Hits\\\" album. Of Chesney's recordings, McAnally\",\n \"title\": \"Back Where I Come From\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4037\",\n \"text\": \"driver will not have to do safety checks such as touching the steering wheel every 15 seconds to use this feature. The Audi A8 will therefore be the first production car to reach level 3 autonomous driving, meaning that the driver can safely turn their attention away from driving tasks, e.g. the driver can text or watch a movie. Audi will also be the first manufacturer to use a 3D LIDAR system in addition to cameras and ultrasonic sensors for their AI. Audi produces 100% galvanised cars to prevent corrosion, and was the first mass-market vehicle to do so, following\",\n \"title\": \"Audi\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13273816\",\n \"text\": \"weepy side of the pedal steel in favor of something more stinging. These New Riders jam a bit more than the original ensemble, and they also rock a bit more.\\\" On Jambands.com, Brian Robbins said, \\\"Forget the 40 years of history; forget the dues paid and the groundwork laid for what came to be known as the jamband scene; forget the family tree whose roots are tightly entwined with those of the Dead; just forget all that stuff and throw on a copy of the New Riders of the Purple Sage \\\"Where I Come From\\\". Pretend it's the debut album\",\n \"title\": \"Where I Come From (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13273815\",\n \"text\": \"by a bonus disc called Where I Come From: Radio Mixes & Live Bonus. On Allmusic, William Ruhlmann wrote, \\\"But the heart of the album — seven songs out of 12 — is the work of the new songwriting team of Nelson and Robert Hunter... Hunter comes up with his typically aphoristic, imagistic, and vernacular words (particularly on the title song) and Nelson matches them with catchy, country-tinged melodies that the band plays in frisky country-rock roadhouse arrangements. This may be San Francisco music, but Bakersfield doesn't seem far away as the guitars go twangy and Cage plays down the\",\n \"title\": \"Where I Come From (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13273814\",\n \"text\": \"album in 17 years, since 1992's \\\"Midnight Moonlight\\\". The music for seven of the songs on the album was written by David Nelson, with lyrics by Robert Hunter, who wrote the lyrics for many Grateful Dead songs. Four of the other five songs were also written by current band members. In 2010, a version of the song \\\"Olivia Rose\\\", written by Ronnie Penque, appeared on his album \\\"Only Road Home\\\". The cover of \\\"Where I Come From\\\" was illustrated by Stanley Mouse, an artist known for his many concert posters and album covers. Some copies of the album were accompanied\",\n \"title\": \"Where I Come From (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14707108\",\n \"text\": \"Award for Rock Album of the Year at the 36th GMA Dove Awards. Where Do We Go from Here (album) Where Do We Go from Here is the third album by Christian metal band Pillar. The song \\\"Bring Me Down\\\" was featured on the 2005 Major League Baseball video game, MLB 2006, as well as the offroad racing game MX vs. ATV Unleashed. The song \\\"Frontline\\\", along with \\\"Bring Me Down\\\", reached No. 1 on the Christian rock charts. The album debuted at No. 74 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" 200. \\\"Where Do We Go from Here\\\" garnered generally positive reception from\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go from Here (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14707105\",\n \"text\": \"Where Do We Go from Here (album) Where Do We Go from Here is the third album by Christian metal band Pillar. The song \\\"Bring Me Down\\\" was featured on the 2005 Major League Baseball video game, MLB 2006, as well as the offroad racing game MX vs. ATV Unleashed. The song \\\"Frontline\\\", along with \\\"Bring Me Down\\\", reached No. 1 on the Christian rock charts. The album debuted at No. 74 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" 200. \\\"Where Do We Go from Here\\\" garnered generally positive reception from seven music critics. At \\\"CCM Magazine\\\", David Jenison graded the album an A,\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go from Here (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15458388\",\n \"text\": \"right now because it's musically just one of those songs you can groove to right away. It's not one that you have to think about. So I like the fact that my record label picked it as the follow-up.\\\" \\\"Where Do I Go from You\\\" is about a man who is not sure what to do anymore after his girlfriend has left him. He tries to forget about her but her memory keeps coming back to him and he remains lost about where to go from her. Karlie Justus of \\\"Engine 145\\\" gave the song a thumbs up rating. She\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do I Go from You\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11514885\",\n \"text\": \"song was made by The X-Ecutioners which gained extensive club play. A music video was also produced for the song. It received moderate airplay upon release. Like many of the band's singles, the single version of \\\"Where Do We Go From Here\\\" (the one used for radio and the music video) is much shorter than the album version. The album version extends the pre-choruses and bridge mostly. Where Do We Go from Here (Filter song) \\\"Where Do We Go from Here\\\" is a song by American industrial rock band Filter for their third studio album, The Amalgamut. The song was\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go from Here (Filter song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12637781\",\n \"text\": \"verse comes a chorus where the narrator explains how the road life is different. Allmusic critic Thom Jurek described the song favorably in his review of the album, calling it a \\\"redneck anthem\\\" that \\\"rocks a little harder with a ZZ Top-styled guitar\\\". \\\"Where I Come From\\\" re-entered the chart as a single at number 58 on the U.S. \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of July 14, 2001. The song reached its peak position of number 1 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" country charts for the week of October 13. It held the position on October 20, then\",\n \"title\": \"Where I Come From (Alan Jackson song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4043\",\n \"text\": \"all-wheel drive). Audi has recently applied the \\\"quattro\\\" badge to models such as the A3 and TT which do not use the Torsen-based system as in prior years with a mechanical center differential, but with the Haldex Traction electro-mechanical clutch AWD system. Prior to the introduction of the Audi 80 and Audi 50 in 1972 and 1974, respectively, Audi had led the development of the \\\"EA111\\\" and \\\"EA827\\\" inline-four engine families. These new power units underpinned the water-cooled revival of parent company Volkswagen (in the Polo, Golf, Passat and Scirocco), whilst the many derivatives and descendants of these two basic\",\n \"title\": \"Audi\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3996\",\n \"text\": \"with close business friends, Paul and Franz Fikentscher from Zwickau. At the apartment of Franz Fikentscher, they discussed how to come up with a new name for the company. During this meeting, Franz's son was quietly studying Latin in a corner of the room. Several times he looked like he was on the verge of saying something but would just swallow his words and continue working, until he finally blurted out, \\\"Father – \\\"audiatur et altera pars\\\"... wouldn't it be a good idea to call it \\\"audi\\\" instead of \\\"horch\\\"?\\\" \\\"Horch!\\\" in German means \\\"Hark!\\\" or \\\"hear\\\", which is \\\"Audi\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Audi\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4087\",\n \"text\": \"of a city. The Audi Vertical Run is where users can access the mini-game Vertical Run, a futuristic mini-game featuring Audi's e-tron concept. Players collect energy and race for the highest possible speeds and the fastest players earn a place in the Audi apartments located in a large tower in the centre of the Audi Space. In both the Home Terminal and Vertical Run spaces, there are teleports where users can teleport back and forth between the two spaces. Audi had stated that additional content would be added in 2010. On 31 March 2015 Sony shutdown the PlayStation Home service\",\n \"title\": \"Audi\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15644454\",\n \"text\": \"than one shot.\\\" In the first shot, an elderly couple is outside an art exhibition having lunch and then follow other people inside through the door. The second shot shows what they do inside. Come Along, Do! Come Along, Do! is an 1898 British short silent comedy film, produced and directed by Robert W. Paul. The film was of 1 minute duration, but only 38 seconds has survived. The whole of the second shot is only available as film stills. The film features an elderly man at an art gallery who takes a great interest in a nude statue to\",\n \"title\": \"Come Along, Do!\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5222424\",\n \"text\": \"less than to come to a full stop from a speed of . The standard wheels were 18 inch alloys (8½×18\\\" \\\"9-spoke\\\"), with 255/35 ZR18 high performance tyres. Optional \\\"winter\\\" alloy wheels were also available, at 18 inch (7½J×18\\\"), with tyres. There was no RS4 built on the Audi \\\"B6\\\" platform that served as the basis for the Audi A4 between 2001 and 2005. However, after a long hiatus, the second Audi RS4 quattro (\\\"Typ\\\" 8E), was built on Audi's \\\"B7\\\" A4 platform, by quattro GmbH in Neckarsulm, Germany. It was unveiled in February 2005 at Audi's 'quattro Night' celebration\",\n \"title\": \"Audi RS 4\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13376224\",\n \"text\": \"How Come You Do Me Like You Do? \\\"How Come You Do Me Like You Do?\\\" is a song written by vaudeville comedy duo Gene Austin and Roy Bergere in 1924. It has later been covered by many artists, and is considered a jazz standard. Austin and Bergere were a vaudeville comedy duet act performing in the East and Midwest. \\\"How Come You Do Me Like You Do?\\\" became a national hit in 1924 for Marion Harris. Austin would later achieve even greater fame with his recording of \\\"My Blue Heaven\\\" in 1927. The song has been covered by many\",\n \"title\": \"How Come You Do Me Like You Do?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20824118\",\n \"text\": \"Where Do We Go from Here (Deborah Cox song) Where Do We Go from Here is a song by Canadian singer Deborah Cox. It was written by Larry \\\"Rock\\\" Campbell and Lascelles Stephens for her self-titled debut studio album (1995), while production was helmed by Vincent Herbert. Released as the album's third single along with a cover version of The S.O.S. Band's 1983 song \\\"Just Be Good to Me\\\", it became a moderate commercial success. \\\"Where Do We Go from Here\\\" entered the top forty of Canadian Singles Chart and peaked at number 20 in New Zealand, also reaching number\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go from Here (Deborah Cox song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12169931\",\n \"text\": \"Where Do We Go from Here? (Chicago song) \\\"Where Do We Go from Here?\\\" is a song from the American rock band Chicago's second studio album, \\\"Chicago\\\" (1970). It was released as the B-side to the single \\\"25 or 6 to 4\\\", one of the leading songs off of the record. With that single, it went to number four on the Pop Singles chart in June 1970. The song was also the very first musical composition from bassist Peter Cetera, who was by this time contributing more than on the debut album released the year before. The song deals with\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go from Here? (Chicago song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2838834\",\n \"text\": \"RS 6 Avant begins on September 23, travelling across twelve driving stages in 6 countries (Klagenfurt – the capital of Carinthia, Austria, Monaco). In the Audi RS 6 Avant TV commercial titled 'Perfect Fit', it featured a 2012 Audi R18 with the high downforce sprint bodywork in the guise of Audi R18 e-tron quattro. The fifth generation A6 was unveiled ahead of the 2018 Geneva Motor Show. It was launched in Germany in June 2018. All engines offered come with a mild hybrid drivetrain that can reduce fuel consumption by up to 0.7 litres per 100 kilometres for the V6-engined\",\n \"title\": \"Audi A6\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3040586\",\n \"text\": \"The final typ 89 80s and 90s were sold as 1992 models in North America; in Europe, all typ 89s were discontinued at the end of the 1991 model year to give way to the B4 series; a few Audi 90 Sport Quattro with the 2.3-litre 20v engine are, however, known to have come off the assembly lines as late as early 1992. The Audi 80 (B3) obtained a major facelift in the autumn of 1991, although the UK launch was not until early 1992. It was from then on known internally as the B4 (or \\\"Typ\\\" 8C). Changes from\",\n \"title\": \"Audi 80\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14805558\",\n \"text\": \"Dayo Audi Dayo Audi (Dayo Audifferen) is active in the sport of bodybuilding, not only as a competitor but also in training fitness enthusiasts and athletes up to national level. Dayo Audi achieved professional status in 1999, competing for the first time in the Masters Olympia in the US in August 2003, where he achieved 11th place. Dayo Audi holds regional, national, European and World titles from three major Federations, retiring from competitive bodybuilding in November 2008 after winning the WBBF Mr Universe title in Vilnius, Lithuania. He is also an International judge with the WFF, qualifying in 2002 and\",\n \"title\": \"Dayo Audi\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19680729\",\n \"text\": \"Do You Wanna Come Over? \\\"Do You Wanna Come Over?\\\" is a song recorded by American singer Britney Spears for her ninth studio album \\\"Glory\\\" (2016). It was written by Mattias Larsson, Robin Fredriksson, Julia Michaels, Justin Tranter and Sandy Chila, and produced by Mattman & Robin. The song was released as the third and final promotional single from the album on August 18, 2016, as an instant track for those who pre-ordered the album and for streaming. \\\"Do You Wanna Come Over?\\\" is an electropop and dance-pop song, with subtle keyboards, a strummed guitar and wobbly bass in its\",\n \"title\": \"Do You Wanna Come Over?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16225580\",\n \"text\": \"boastful.\\\" Ben Foster of \\\"Country Universe\\\" gave the song a C, writing that \\\"by relying so heavily on overused formulas, it’s like they're running around in circles in terms of creativity.\\\" \\\"Where I Come From\\\" debuted at number 59 on the U.S. \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Songs chart for the week of July 30, 2011. In March 2012, it became Montgomery Gentry's first Top 10 hit since 2009's \\\"One in Every Crowd,\\\" and ultimately peaked at No. 8. The single was certified Gold by the RIAA on January 8, 2016. It has sold 484,000 copies in the United States as of\",\n \"title\": \"Where I Come From (Montgomery Gentry song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20824119\",\n \"text\": \"28 on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs. Where Do We Go from Here (Deborah Cox song) Where Do We Go from Here is a song by Canadian singer Deborah Cox. It was written by Larry \\\"Rock\\\" Campbell and Lascelles Stephens for her self-titled debut studio album (1995), while production was helmed by Vincent Herbert. Released as the album's third single along with a cover version of The S.O.S. Band's 1983 song \\\"Just Be Good to Me\\\", it became a moderate commercial success. \\\"Where Do We Go from Here\\\" entered the top forty of Canadian Singles Chart and peaked at number\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go from Here (Deborah Cox song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4038\",\n \"text\": \"introduction of the process by Porsche, c. 1975. Along with other precautionary measures, the full-body zinc coating has proved to be very effective in preventing rust. The body's resulting durability even surpassed Audi's own expectations, causing the manufacturer to extend its original 10-year warranty against corrosion perforation to currently 12 years (except for aluminium bodies which do not rust). Audi introduced a new series of vehicles in the mid-1990s and continues to pursue new technology and high performance. An all-aluminium car was brought forward by Audi, and in 1994 the Audi A8 was launched, which introduced aluminium space frame technology\",\n \"title\": \"Audi\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11837924\",\n \"text\": \"the CD \\\"Tryout\\\" (DRG Records) including extended versions of the songs \\\"Nina, the Pinta, the Santa Maria\\\", \\\"Song of the Rhineland\\\", and \\\"Manhattan (Indian Song).\\\" Where Do We Go from Here? (1945 film) Where Do We Go from Here (1945) Technicolor is a romantic musical comedy-fantasy film produced by Twentieth Century-Fox, and starring Fred MacMurray, Joan Leslie, June Haver, Gene Sheldon, Anthony Quinn and Fortunio Bonanova. Joan Leslie's singing voice was dubbed by Sally Sweetland. The score was composed by Kurt Weill with lyrics by Ira Gershwin. Gregory Ratoff directed and Morrie Ryskind wrote the screenplay from a story by\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go from Here? (1945 film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11837923\",\n \"text\": \"cuts were made in his proposed score for \\\"Where Do We Go from Here\\\", most of his work with Ira Gershwin remains, including a lengthy mock-opera bouffé aboard Columbus' ship during which the crew threatens to mutiny. Co-stars June Haver and Fred MacMurray met while working on this film, and were later married. \\\"Where Do We Go from Here?\\\" has never been released on home video. A recording taken directly from the soundtrack of the film was released on LP (Ariel KWH 10) and a set of rehearsal recordings performed by Kurt Weill and Ira Gershwin is currently available on\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go from Here? (1945 film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11837919\",\n \"text\": \"Where Do We Go from Here? (1945 film) Where Do We Go from Here (1945) Technicolor is a romantic musical comedy-fantasy film produced by Twentieth Century-Fox, and starring Fred MacMurray, Joan Leslie, June Haver, Gene Sheldon, Anthony Quinn and Fortunio Bonanova. Joan Leslie's singing voice was dubbed by Sally Sweetland. The score was composed by Kurt Weill with lyrics by Ira Gershwin. Gregory Ratoff directed and Morrie Ryskind wrote the screenplay from a story by Sig Herzig and Ryskind. The film is notable as Weill's only musical written directly for the screen and for its anachronistic blend of history and\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go from Here? (1945 film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16225579\",\n \"text\": \"stand onstage and sing this song every night, and people are going to believe them because it’s where they come from, too.\\\" It is in the key of B-flat minor with a main chord pattern of Bm-G-D-A. Billy Dukes of \\\"Taste of Country\\\" gave the song three stars out of five, saying that it \\\"is better than anything Montgomery Gentry have released in two years, but they're getting by on memories.\\\" Bobby Peacock of \\\"Roughstock\\\" gave the song four stars out of five, calling the production \\\"a little more muscular and gritty than usual\\\" and the lyrics \\\"proud without being\",\n \"title\": \"Where I Come From (Montgomery Gentry song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3040583\",\n \"text\": \"the 1988 model year, a new two-door Coupé was introduced in Europe, known internally as the \\\"Typ\\\" 8B; basically a typ 89 saloon with a shortened wheelbase, modified rear suspension and a new front suspension system that previewed what was to come in the B4 Audi 80. It came with the 2.0E as well as the 10-valve and 20-valve 2.3E engines. It later served as a basis for the B4 Coupé and Cabriolet (\\\"Typ\\\" 8G). These models dropped the \\\"80\\\" appendage and were simply known as Audi Coupé and Audi Cabriolet. Because of the heavy re-engineering involved in the cabriolet\",\n \"title\": \"Audi 80\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19389542\",\n \"text\": \"particular merit. Joe Dziemianowicz of the \\\"New York Daily News\\\" called the show \\\"big-hearted and crowd-pleasing\\\" and \\\"a singing reminder that when things are at their worst, people can be at their best.\\\" Joe Westerfield with \\\"Newsweek\\\" wrote that \\\"'Come From Away' accomplishes what all the best musicals do: It takes you to a place where you didn't know you wanted to go, and makes you not want to leave.\\\" Frank Scheck of \\\"The Hollywood Reporter\\\" called the musical \\\"heartwarming and thoroughly entertaining [...] especially in these politically fractious times.\\\" Johnny Oleksinski with the \\\"New York Post\\\" wrote that \\\"Every\",\n \"title\": \"Come from Away\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19293037\",\n \"text\": \"Film Awards. Where Do We Go from Here? (2015 film) Where Do We Go from Here? is a Scottish comedy feature film by John McPhail. The film centres on James (Tyler Collins) a young man who takes on the role of a janitor of a care home when his Grandad is forced into social care. It is the first feature to be directed by John McPhail. When Jen starts her new Job as a nurse at the 'Easy Love Care Home, she is surprised to find James, a 25-year-old man living and working in the building. James and his three,\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go from Here? (2015 film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19293034\",\n \"text\": \"Where Do We Go from Here? (2015 film) Where Do We Go from Here? is a Scottish comedy feature film by John McPhail. The film centres on James (Tyler Collins) a young man who takes on the role of a janitor of a care home when his Grandad is forced into social care. It is the first feature to be directed by John McPhail. When Jen starts her new Job as a nurse at the 'Easy Love Care Home, she is surprised to find James, a 25-year-old man living and working in the building. James and his three, elderly best\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go from Here? (2015 film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12169932\",\n \"text\": \"how life is short, and that if you look around you can see that people need to embrace each other with love all the time, and not just when the country is at an all-time low (hence the Vietnam War). The title line is taken from a TV reporter's comment during the broadcast of the 1969 moon landing—a historically positive event in stark contrast to the social upheaval on Earth at the time. A live performance of the song can be found on their 1971 \\\"Chicago at Carnegie Hall\\\" album. Where Do We Go from Here? (Chicago song) \\\"Where Do\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go from Here? (Chicago song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19680743\",\n \"text\": \"his Vice column, Robert Christgau selected \\\"Do You Wanna Come Over?\\\" and \\\"Clumsy\\\" as his favorite tracks on the album. Amy Mackelden of \\\"Bustle\\\" elaborated about the track: With a strong '90s vibe, an upbeat tempo, and a surprising rhythm, \\\"Do You Wanna Come Over?\\\" utilizes the best of Spears' talents. [...] \\\"Do You Wanna Come Over?\\\" embraces the current trend for songs that are musically complicated, that layer up their beats and sound effects, and feature multiple voices and infectious shouting during their choruses. Much like Hailee Steinfeld and Gwen Stefani's latest offerings, \\\"Do You Wanna Come Over?\\\" is\",\n \"title\": \"Do You Wanna Come Over?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4073\",\n \"text\": \"ring from the left represents Audi, the second represents DKW, third is Horch, and the fourth and last ring Wanderer. The design is popularly believed to have been the idea of Klaus von Oertzen, the director of sales at Wanderer - when Berlin was chosen as the host city for the 1936 Summer Olympics and that a form of the Olympic logo symbolized the newly established Auto Union's desire to succeed. Somewhat ironically, the International Olympic Committee later sued Audi in the International Trademark Court in 1995, where they lost. The original \\\"Audi\\\" script, with the distinctive slanted tails on\",\n \"title\": \"Audi\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11038172\",\n \"text\": \"Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come from? Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come From? is a book by American biblical scholar and archaeologist William G. Dever. Dever has been prominent in the debate between biblical \\\"maximalists\\\" and \\\"minimalists\\\" over the historicity of the Bible (specifically the Old Testament). This book, which coincided with Dever's retirement from the University of Arizona, where he served as professor of Near Eastern Archaeology and Anthropology for many years, was written on a semi-popular level to explain the background and origin of the people Dever describes as\",\n \"title\": \"Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come from?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15644453\",\n \"text\": \"Come Along, Do! Come Along, Do! is an 1898 British short silent comedy film, produced and directed by Robert W. Paul. The film was of 1 minute duration, but only 38 seconds has survived. The whole of the second shot is only available as film stills. The film features an elderly man at an art gallery who takes a great interest in a nude statue to the irritation of his wife. The film has cinematographic significance as the first example of film continuity. It was, according to Michael Brooke of BFI Screenonline, \\\"one of the first films to feature more\",\n \"title\": \"Come Along, Do!\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3717100\",\n \"text\": \"launch in the US, Audi Library iPad App was produced, allowing the user to configure a 2014 R8 V10 plus on the fully interactive digital brochure as well as access dynamic Audi content. In conjunction with the new Audi Library app, Audi also released a new video on the S tronic transmission. The video engages and excites sportscar enthusiasts by highlighting the incredibly fast shifting seven-speed S tronic double clutch transmission on the track. As part of the 2014 Audi R8 launch in the US, the Audi #WantAnR8 contest returned between October 23, 2013 and November 20, 2013, where fans\",\n \"title\": \"Audi R8\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2810338\",\n \"text\": \"to the artist, \\\"an old woman approaching death appears reconciled and resigned to her thoughts\\\"; at her feet, \\\"a strange white bird...represents the futility of words\\\" or \\\"the uselessness of vain words\\\". The blue idol in the background apparently represents what Gauguin described as \\\"the Beyond.\\\" Of its entirety he said, \\\"I believe that this canvas not only surpasses all my preceding ones, but that I shall never do anything better—or even like it.\\\" The painting is an accentuation of Gauguin's trailblazing post-impressionistic style; his art stressed the vivid use of colors and thick brushstrokes, tenets of the impressionists (though\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5513156\",\n \"text\": \"Audi S6 The Audi S6 is the high performance variant of the Audi A6, an executive car produced by German automaker Audi. It went on sale in 1994, shortly after the \\\"A6\\\" designation was introduced, replacing the \\\"100\\\" nameplate. The original S6 (\\\"Ur-S6\\\") was largely the same car as the outgoing, original Audi S4 (C4) (\\\"Ur-S4\\\"), with the only visible differences being new body-cladding and badging. In certain markets where the even-higher performance RS6 which is also based on the A6 is not sold, the S6 is the most powerful A6 trim there. The S6, like all Audi \\\"S\\\" models,\",\n \"title\": \"Audi S6\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4083\",\n \"text\": \"mass-produced in China and marketed by Audi in their factory outlet store. As part of Audi's attempt to promote its Diesel technology in 2009, the company began Audi Mileage Marathon. The driving tour featured a fleet of 23 Audi TDI vehicles from 4 models (Audi Q7 3.0 TDI, Audi Q5 3.0 TDI, Audi A4 3.0 TDI, Audi A3 Sportback 2.0 TDI with S tronic transmission) travelling across the American continent from New York to Los Angeles, passing major cities like Chicago, Dallas and Las Vegas during the 13 daily stages, as well as natural wonders including the Rocky Mountains, Death\",\n \"title\": \"Audi\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12734519\",\n \"text\": \"to a Peugeot 1–2 victory. At the R15's last race, two cars were entered into the Zhuhai 1000 km. Both cars were leading the 908s by thirty seconds after Sebastian Bourdais make contact with a GT2 Porsche. A late safety car session saw the Audi's lead shrink to thirteen seconds. Afterwards a controversial team-work by Peugeot saw the No. 1 908 slowed down the No. 7 Audi enough to let the No. two Peugeot come out of the pits just two seconds ahead. The race ended with Peugeot No. 2 winning four seconds ahead of the Audi. Audi did not\",\n \"title\": \"Audi R15 TDI\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3808385\",\n \"text\": \"stroke / angle of the blocks are different and they do not share a single component. The only twelve-cylinder diesel engine used in any passenger car, it was rated at and of torque. This gives the vehicle a 0–100 km/h (62 mph) acceleration time of 5.5 seconds. The Q7 V12 TDI is, according to Audi, the best handling Q7 due to a revised suspension, tires and brakes. Audi claims the Q7 V12 TDI can handle a lateral acceleration of over .9 g on a skid-pad. The concept vehicle originally appeared at the 2006 Paris Motor Show. Audi had announced V12\",\n \"title\": \"Audi Q7\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15581483\",\n \"text\": \"the best documentary editing award. In 2012, the film won a News & Documentary Emmy Award for Outstanding Continuing Coverage of a News Story (Long Form), as well as the Truer Than Fiction Independent Spirit Award. Motivated by a variety of reasons from college tuition support, to a sense of purpose, best friends Dominic and Cole join the Army National Guard after graduating from their rural high school. After persuading several of their friends to join them, the young men are sent to Afghanistan as part of the 107th Engineer Battalion, 168th Engineer Brigade, where they are tasked with searching\",\n \"title\": \"Where Soldiers Come From\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15675402\",\n \"text\": \"singing about a growing apart and making choices when a relationship changes. He serenades the camera, pleading, \\\"Where do we go from here? My heart, my soul, won't let you go,\\\" as he tosses a notebook of lyrics across the room and stares hopelessly off into the distance. \\\"Where Do We Go\\\" may be his venture into ballads and an acoustic side. Credits adapted are taken from Allmusic. Where Do We Go \\\"Where Do We Go\\\" is a song by British recording artist, Jay Sean, taken from his mixtape album,\\\"The Mistress\\\" and is the mixtape's lead single. The song was\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2810336\",\n \"text\": \"does humanity proceed?\\\". Although in later life Gauguin was vociferously anticlerical, these questions from Dupanloup's catechism obviously had lodged in his mind, and \\\"where?\\\" became the key question that Gauguin asked in his art. Looking for a society more simple and elemental than that of his native France, Gauguin left for Tahiti in 1891. In addition to several other paintings that express his highly individualistic mythology, he completed this painting in 1897 or 1898. Gauguin considered it a masterpiece and the grand culmination of his thought. He was in despair when he undertook the painting, mourning the tragic death of\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11038173\",\n \"text\": \"the \\\"protoIsraelites.\\\" It followed an earlier book, \\\"What Did the Biblical Writers Know and When Did They Know It?\\\", in which Dever, contrary to the \\\"minimalists\\\", asserted that the writers of the Old Testament knew a good deal about the Israelites' past. Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come from? Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come From? is a book by American biblical scholar and archaeologist William G. Dever. Dever has been prominent in the debate between biblical \\\"maximalists\\\" and \\\"minimalists\\\" over the historicity of the Bible (specifically the Old Testament). This book,\",\n \"title\": \"Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come from?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5513181\",\n \"text\": \"an MRSP of $72,795 USD). UK sales began in May, with a starting price of £53,995 for the saloon, and £56,050 for the Avant. Audi S6 The Audi S6 is the high performance variant of the Audi A6, an executive car produced by German automaker Audi. It went on sale in 1994, shortly after the \\\"A6\\\" designation was introduced, replacing the \\\"100\\\" nameplate. The original S6 (\\\"Ur-S6\\\") was largely the same car as the outgoing, original Audi S4 (C4) (\\\"Ur-S4\\\"), with the only visible differences being new body-cladding and badging. In certain markets where the even-higher performance RS6 which is\",\n \"title\": \"Audi S6\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3717098\",\n \"text\": \"poster advertisements of the car, instantly bringing 2D photographs to life. An Audi R8 e-tron prototype were used in Marvel's Iron Man 3 movie, with Tony Stark (Robert Downey Jr.) as driver. A red 2014 Audi R8 Spyder was used in the U.S. premiere of Iron Man 3 at El Capitan and TCL Chinese Theatres, with Robert Downey, Jr. as driver. A 2014 Audi R8 V10 Plus Coupé was used in the Audi Health Check program in Canada (between 2013-07-15 and 2013-09-15), where some customers turning in out-of-warranty vehicles received as a shuttle an Audi R8 outfitted as a German\",\n \"title\": \"Audi R8\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19680745\",\n \"text\": \"Spears's setlist for the iHeartRadio Music Festival on September 24, 2016. Spears also performed it at I Heart Radio Jingle Ball, Triple Show and B26 Pepsi Jingle Bash during December 2016. Also performed it at Apple Music Festival which was held in United Kingdom. \\\"Billboard\\\" named \\\"Do You Wanna Come Over?\\\" as one of the best pop songs of 2016. Credits adapted from the liner notes of \\\"Glory\\\". Recording Personnel \\\"Do You Wanna Come Over?\\\" appeared for two weeks on France's SNEP singles chart, becoming the highest charting promotional single from \\\"Glory\\\". It debuted at number one hundred thirty-five on\",\n \"title\": \"Do You Wanna Come Over?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13901864\",\n \"text\": \"Jerk\\\" on a telecast of the syndicated Detroit – based teen dance party show Teen Town . The song appears on several Miracles \\\"Greatest Hits\\\" collections, having first appeared on their album, Greatest Hits Vol.2 The song's flip side, \\\"Baby Don't You Go\\\", was also a popular regional hit but was not released on CD until \\\"The 35th Anniversary Collection\\\" in 1994. Both sides of this single received new stereo mixes for the 2002 compilation \\\"Ooo Baby Baby: The Anthology.\\\" See \\\"The Miracles\\\" perform \\\"Come On Do The Jerk\\\" at this link Come On Do the Jerk Come On Do\",\n \"title\": \"Come On Do the Jerk\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13184093\",\n \"text\": \"and Every Little Thing. On its third week the album rose back to number one, their first album in fourteen years to do so. The album was certified Triple Platinum for shipment of 750,000 copies. It is also the first DCT album to be released under Nayutawave Records, a sub-label of Universal Music Japan. Do You Dreams Come True? Do You Dreams Come True? is Dreams Come True's fifteenth studio album. It was released on March 21, 2009, which coincides with the release of their debut single in 1989. It was released in three formats: Regular edition (CD only), limited\",\n \"title\": \"Do You Dreams Come True?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15507421\",\n \"text\": \"2012 book \\\"Ignoring Poverty in the U.S.: The Corporate Takeover of Public Education\\\". The revamped 2010 version of King's work was highlighted in a 2011 University Press Book for Public and Secondary School Libraries, and was recommended for use in teaching. Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community? Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community? is a 1967 book by African-American minister, Nobel Peace Prize laureate, and social justice campaigner Martin Luther King, Jr. Advocating for human rights and a sense of hope, it was King's fourth and last book before his assassination. He spent a\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15507416\",\n \"text\": \"Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community? Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community? is a 1967 book by African-American minister, Nobel Peace Prize laureate, and social justice campaigner Martin Luther King, Jr. Advocating for human rights and a sense of hope, it was King's fourth and last book before his assassination. He spent a long period in isolation, living in a rented residence in Jamaica with no telephone, composing the book. It later lapsed out of print until Beacon Press published an expanded edition in 2010, which featured a new introduction passage by King's long-time\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13901861\",\n \"text\": \"Come On Do the Jerk Come On Do the Jerk (Tamla 54109) was a 1964 song recorded by R&B group the Miracles on Motown Records' Tamla label subsidiary. A single-only release, it did not appear on any original Miracles studio album, and was the group's last single release of 1964. Co-written by Miracles members Pete Moore, Bobby Rogers, Smokey Robinson, and Ronnie White, \\\"Come On Do the Jerk\\\" charted at #50 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" \\\"Hot 100\\\" and at # 22 on the Cash Box R&B chart.(Billboard had temporarily suspended its R&B chart at this time). An instructional dance number, this\",\n \"title\": \"Come On Do the Jerk\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4012\",\n \"text\": \"to produce the larger Audi models A6 and A8. The Neckarsulm factory is also home of the \\\"quattro GmbH\\\" (from November 2016 \\\"Audi Sport GmbH\\\"), a subsidiary responsible for development and production of Audi high-performance models: the R8 and the \\\"RS\\\" model range. The new merged company was incorporated on 1 January 1969 and was known as Audi NSU Auto Union AG, with its headquarters at NSU's Neckarsulm plant, and saw the emergence of Audi as a separate brand for the first time since the pre-war era. Volkswagen introduced the Audi brand to the United States for the 1970 model\",\n \"title\": \"Audi\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18389570\",\n \"text\": \"Audi Navigation Plus Audi Navigation Plus is an in-car media and navigation system developed by Audi. Unlike the Audi Multi Media Interface, it can not control climate, convenience, suspension or engine settings. Audi Navigation Plus units were available mostly as an optional equipment instead of standard stereo systems. Audi labeled three devices (of which the first two look identical) as Navigation Plus. Those units are technically known as RNS-C/RNS-D and RNS-E, where RNS stands for \\\"Radio Navigation System\\\". The RNS-C and RNS-D devices look identical and are very similar to Volkswagen MFD installed in some Volkswagen, Skoda, SEAT and Ford\",\n \"title\": \"Audi Navigation Plus\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4223732\",\n \"text\": \"Audi V8 The Audi V8 (\\\"Typ\\\" 4C) is a four-door, full-size luxury sedan, built by Audi in Germany from 1988 to 1993, as the company's flagship model. It was the first car from Audi to use a V8 engine, and also the first Audi to combine a quattro system with an automatic transmission. Early cars used 3.6-litre V8s, while later cars featured a 4.2-litre version of the engine. The Audi V8 was replaced by the Audi A8 in 1994, although the A8 was not sold in North America until 1996. The competition model of the Audi V8 won back-to-back Deutsche\",\n \"title\": \"Audi V8\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19680746\",\n \"text\": \"the week of August 20, 2016, and later climbed to number one hundred thirty-four on August 27, 2016, becoming its peak position. Do You Wanna Come Over? \\\"Do You Wanna Come Over?\\\" is a song recorded by American singer Britney Spears for her ninth studio album \\\"Glory\\\" (2016). It was written by Mattias Larsson, Robin Fredriksson, Julia Michaels, Justin Tranter and Sandy Chila, and produced by Mattman & Robin. The song was released as the third and final promotional single from the album on August 18, 2016, as an instant track for those who pre-ordered the album and for streaming.\",\n \"title\": \"Do You Wanna Come Over?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13901863\",\n \"text\": \"Rogers, echo Smokey's lead, with chants of the song's title, in classic call and response style. Then, midway through the song, Smokey's role changes... from narrator to dance instructor, as he instructs the listener on the Jerk's simple dance steps: The Righteous Brothers, Bill Medley and Bobby Hatfield, performed a cover of this song on a 1964 telecast of the ABC TV series, Shindig!.(available on YouTube). Recording group The T-Bones also recorded an instrumental cover version of The Miracles' \\\"Come On Do the Jerk\\\" on their 1965 LP entitled \\\"Doin' the Jerk\\\". The Miracles themselves performed \\\"Come On Do the\",\n \"title\": \"Come On Do the Jerk\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3040710\",\n \"text\": \"of America said in April 2015 that he's \\\"confident\\\" we'll see the car come to the United States. In April 2015, the new 2015 RS 3 Sportback was promoted in the UK by a controversial commercial portraying an Audi R8 \\\"giving birth\\\" to it. Starting in 2017, a sedan model of the RS 3 was offered. After four years, the third-generation Audi A3 was given a facelift for the model year 2017, which also coincided with the 20th anniversary of the A3 name. The facelifted model was first unveiled through a set of official images in April 2016. The new\",\n \"title\": \"Audi A3\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9577967\",\n \"text\": \"success was trumped by subsequent Audi models. In July 1967, it was reported that 100,000 Audis had been completed: production of the F103 had by now built up to a rate of almost 40,000 per year and the company was moved to deny speculation that another new Audi model would be presented at the Frankfurt Motor Show in the Autumn / Fall of 1967. (The Audi 100 was introduced only towards the end of 1968.) \\\"Manufacturer's figures except where stated\\\" Audi F103 F103 is the internal designation for a series of car models produced by Auto Union GmbH (after merger\",\n \"title\": \"Audi F103\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3039066\",\n \"text\": \"100s (largely in European style but with tail lights in American style) were also assembled in Changchun. The 1.8 litre engine was known as the \\\"QG18\\\". Hongqi production commenced in 1993 and ended in 2006 where the Toyota Crown Majesta S180 replaced it as its successor under the name HQ3 and HQ430. At the Geneva Motor Show in March 1990 Audi presented its first iteration of the Audi Duo (or Audi 100 Avant Duo) experimental vehicle, a plug-in parallel hybrid based on the Audi 100 Avant quattro. This car had a Siemens electric motor which drove the rear wheels. A\",\n \"title\": \"Audi 100\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13376225\",\n \"text\": \"artists, including Louis Armstrong, Cab Calloway, Eddie Condon, Duke Ellington, Benny Goodman, Coleman Hawkins, Fletcher Henderson, George Shearing, Teddi King, and Old Man Markley. A recording by Lisa Kirk with orchestra was made at Manhattan Center, New York City, on July 16, 1952. It was released by RCA Victor Records as catalog number 20-4869. Julie London included the song in her album \\\"Swing Me an Old Song\\\" (1959). Bing Crosby recorded the song for his album \\\"Bing Crosby's Treasury - The Songs I Love (1968 version)\\\" How Come You Do Me Like You Do? \\\"How Come You Do Me Like\",\n \"title\": \"How Come You Do Me Like You Do?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9247638\",\n \"text\": \"Apple iPad, which allows the viewer to change the color of the car on almost every page, and included a 3D driving simulation. As part of A1 Sportback Urban Style Limited launch in Japan, an Audi A1 present campaign was held between 2013-06-07 and 2013-07-31, where an A1 Sportback Urban Style Limited was given away as A-prize. Audi A1 The Audi A1 (internally designated Typ 8X) is a supermini sized economy car launched by Audi at the 2010 Geneva Motor Show. Sales of the initial three door A1 model started in Germany in August 2010, with the United Kingdom following\",\n \"title\": \"Audi A1\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15675399\",\n \"text\": \"Where Do We Go \\\"Where Do We Go\\\" is a song by British recording artist, Jay Sean, taken from his mixtape album,\\\"The Mistress\\\" and is the mixtape's lead single. The song was produced by OFM production team J-Remy and Bobby Bass. Jay Sean asks \\\"Where Do We Go\\\" on the first release from his mixtape The Mistress featuring acoustic renditions of original songs and his spin on some beloved classics. The Cash Money crooner tries to put back the pieces of a broken relationship on the stripped-down ballad, which is also accompanied by a video of him in the studio,\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5002408\",\n \"text\": \"praise from many critics. Later released as a single, \\\"Theme from \\\"Mahogany\\\"\\\" became a number-one hit on both the U.S. \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100, and the Easy Listening charts. The song was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Song. Ross performed the song live at the Academy Awards ceremony via satellite from the Netherlands. Theme from Mahogany (Do You Know Where You're Going To) \\\"Theme from \\\"Mahogany\\\" (Do You Know Where You're Going To)\\\" is a song written by Michael Masser and Gerry Goffin, and initially recorded by American singer Thelma Houston in 1973, and then most notably by Diana\",\n \"title\": \"Theme from Mahogany (Do You Know Where You're Going To)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3993\",\n \"text\": \"acquired by Volkswagen from Daimler-Benz. After relaunching the Audi brand with the 1965 introduction of the Audi F103 series, Volkswagen merged Auto Union with NSU Motorenwerke in 1969, thus creating the present day form of the company. The company name is based on the Latin translation of the surname of the founder, August Horch. \\\"Horch\\\", meaning \\\"listen\\\" in German, becomes \\\"audi\\\" in Latin. The four rings of the Audi logo each represent one of four car companies that banded together to create Audi's predecessor company, Auto Union. Audi's slogan is \\\"Vorsprung durch Technik\\\", meaning \\\"Being Ahead through Technology\\\". However, Audi\",\n \"title\": \"Audi\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["ingolstadt"],"string":"[\n \"ingolstadt\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":399,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"what team is chris paul on?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"17172978","text":"Chris Paul Camps CP3 Youth Camps is a youth basketball camp organization based in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States. The organization was started by Los Angeles Clippers point guard Chris Paul. The mission of CP3 Camps is to provide a fun, safe, and enriching environment where campers can develop as a positive all around athlete on and off the court. Chris and his staff dedicate instructional drills, in dribbling, shooting, rebounding, team offense, and defensive skills to help the campers gain skill and confidence. Chris Paul runs a one-day clinic for youth ages 6 to 16 where attendees develop basic","title":"Chris Paul Camps"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17172978\",\n \"text\": \"Chris Paul Camps CP3 Youth Camps is a youth basketball camp organization based in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States. The organization was started by Los Angeles Clippers point guard Chris Paul. The mission of CP3 Camps is to provide a fun, safe, and enriching environment where campers can develop as a positive all around athlete on and off the court. Chris and his staff dedicate instructional drills, in dribbling, shooting, rebounding, team offense, and defensive skills to help the campers gain skill and confidence. Chris Paul runs a one-day clinic for youth ages 6 to 16 where attendees develop basic\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Paul Camps\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"16876414","text":"Chris Farlowe and Paul Rodgers.\" All songs by Jackie Lomax, except where noted. Side one Side two Tracks 1–12 as per original UK release, with the following bonus tracks: Tracks 1–12 as per original UK release, with the following bonus tracks: Digital downloads Is This What You Want? Is This What You Want? is the debut album by English rock and soul singer Jackie Lomax, released in 1969 on the Beatles' Apple record label. It is notable for the involvement of three Beatles: It was produced by George Harrison and features contributions from Harrison, Paul McCartney and Ringo Starr. The","title":"Is This What You Want?"},{"psg_id":"17172980","text":"Diego, California. All events are held at the University of California-San Diego in RIMAC Arena. Campers spend the days working on skill development and technique enhancement and stay in the University dorms overnight. The camp provides meals, supervision, a CP3 wristband, a team photo, a personal photo with Chris Paul, medical care, and a certificate of participation. The cost of the overnight camp is $1,050. The Elite Guard Camp is an invitation only camp to the top high school and college point guards from around the United States. The camp is held in Winston-Salem, North Carolina and is a three-day","title":"Chris Paul Camps"},{"psg_id":"5616995","text":"What Is and What Should Never Be \"What Is and What Should Never Be\" is a song by English rock band Led Zeppelin. It was written by Jimmy Page and Robert Plant and was included as the second track on \"Led Zeppelin II\" (1969). \"What is and What Should Never Be\" was one of the first songs on which Page used his soon-to-become trademark Gibson Les Paul for recording. The production makes liberal use of stereo as the guitars pan back and forth between channels. Robert Plant's vocals were phased during the verses. Record producer Rick Rubin has remarked, \"The","title":"What Is and What Should Never Be"},{"psg_id":"5919702","text":"What Is Literature? What Is Literature? (), also published as \"Literature and Existentialism\",) is an essay by French philosopher and novelist Jean-Paul Sartre, published by Gallimard in 1948. Initially published in freestanding essays across French literary journals \"Les Temps modernes\", \"Situations I\" and \"Situations II\", essays \"What is Writing?\" and \"Why Write?\" were translated into English and published by the Paris-based literary journal Transition 1948. The English translation by Bernard Frechtman was published in 1950. Sartre attempts to devise an understanding of the effect literature has on those who are subjected to it. In the foreword Sartre addresses his critics","title":"What Is Literature?"},{"psg_id":"2966094","text":"in Tolstoy and his problems: essays. London: Grant Richards. pp. 66–101. Maude, Aylmer (1901b). “\"What is Art?\" - Tolstoy’s Theory of Art”, in Tolstoy and his problems: essays. London: Grant Richards. pp. 102–127. Noyes, George (1918). Tolstoy. London: Duffield. Pevear, Richard (1995). \"Preface\" in Tolstoy, Leo (1995 [1897]). \"What is Art?\" (Translated by Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky). London: Penguin. Simmons, Ernest (1973). \"What is Art?\", in Tolstoy. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. pp. 175–189. What Is Art? What is Art? ( \"Chto takoye iskusstvo?\") is a book by Leo Tolstoy. It was completed in Russian in 1897 but first","title":"What Is Art?"},{"psg_id":"7715503","text":"Players Association, giving a strong recommendation to the executive committee responsible for filling the position. Chris Paul Christopher Emmanuel Paul (born May 6, 1985) is an American professional basketball player for the Houston Rockets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He has won the NBA Rookie of the Year Award, an NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award, two Olympic gold medals, and led the NBA in assists four times and steals six times. He has also been selected to nine NBA All-Star teams, eight All-NBA teams, and nine NBA All-Defensive teams. Paul was a McDonald's All-American in high school.","title":"Chris Paul"},{"psg_id":"7715467","text":"Chris Paul Christopher Emmanuel Paul (born May 6, 1985) is an American professional basketball player for the Houston Rockets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He has won the NBA Rookie of the Year Award, an NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award, two Olympic gold medals, and led the NBA in assists four times and steals six times. He has also been selected to nine NBA All-Star teams, eight All-NBA teams, and nine NBA All-Defensive teams. Paul was a McDonald's All-American in high school. He attended Wake Forest University for two years of college basketball, where he helped the","title":"Chris Paul"},{"psg_id":"17172979","text":"fundamentals and advance technique while participating in games, contest, and fun activities. All campers receive a T-shirt. Campers have the opportunity to develop their skills through the instruction of college and professional coaches and also through Chris himself. The youth camp is a through day event where campers will develop basic fundamentals and work on technique advancement. This camp is open to youth ages 8 to 16 and all campers receive a T-shirt and a photo with Chris Paul. The CP3 overnight camp is offered to young athletes ages 10 to 17. This is a four-day event located in San","title":"Chris Paul Camps"},{"psg_id":"20362344","text":"on the 2008 Olympic Gold Medal team. In the summer of 2012, James and Wade teamed up on the Miami Heat. They won 2 NBA Titles with the Miami Heat. Chris Bosh was also a member of this team, forming what many referred to as the \"Big Three\". In the summer of 2016, Wade posted on Snapchat that ‘The Banana Boys are reunited.' Snapchat gave the group their own \"Banana Boys\" Snapchat filter. That same year, James expressed great interest in forming the superteam in Los Angeles with the Lakers. Chris Paul also expressed interest in forming the team. LeBron","title":"Banana Boat Team"},{"psg_id":"18518813","text":"What Is Love (TV series) What Is Love () is a 2012 Taiwanese romantic-comedy television series. The television drama was produced by Bethel Video Productions Ltd, starring Wu Kang-jen and Jade Chou. The shooting began on April 9, 2012, and first aired on July 20, 2012 on TTV. Thirty-two-year-old Li Yi Hua (Jade Chou) is longing for a romantic relationship and wants to marry a good man. Along comes Bai Zong You (Chris Wu), who breaks women's hearts with one-night stands. Bai Zong You sets his sights on wooing Li Yi Hua next. What she doesn't know is that she","title":"What Is Love (TV series)"},{"psg_id":"5919707","text":"The art of writing is deeply linked to freedom and thus ventures into the fields of politics and democracy. The poet frees himself by disassociation, and the prose writer fulfills a duty to utilize language for the end of a conceived free society. What Is Literature? What Is Literature? (), also published as \"Literature and Existentialism\",) is an essay by French philosopher and novelist Jean-Paul Sartre, published by Gallimard in 1948. Initially published in freestanding essays across French literary journals \"Les Temps modernes\", \"Situations I\" and \"Situations II\", essays \"What is Writing?\" and \"Why Write?\" were translated into English and","title":"What Is Literature?"},{"psg_id":"7715481","text":"Paul would leave the franchise via free agency, began actively pursuing a trade that would provide the team equitable compensation in return for his services. On December 8, 2011, the Hornets agreed to a three-team trade sending Paul to the Los Angeles Lakers. The NBA, who owned the team at the time, nullified the deal, with commissioner David Stern claiming New Orleans would be better off keeping Paul. The teams involved in the trade attempted to lobby the league to reverse its ruling and reconstruct the deal to no avail. On December 12, the Hornets agreed to a trade sending","title":"Chris Paul"},{"psg_id":"14219946","text":"What She Is (Is a Woman in Love) \"What She Is (Is a Woman in Love)\" is a song written by Bob McDill and Paul Harrison and recorded by American country music artist Earl Thomas Conley. It was released in February 1988 as the lead single from the album, \"The Heart of It All\". The song was Earl Thomas Conley's fifteenth number one on the country chart. The single went to number one for one week and spent a total of thirteen weeks on the country chart. \"What She Is (Is a Woman in Love)\" debuted on the U.S. \"Billboard\"","title":"What She Is (Is a Woman in Love)"},{"psg_id":"10270194","text":"director and friend Chris Robinson. On June 12, the video was made available on iTunes. The video premiered MTV's \"TRL\" on June 14, 2007. The video features cameo appearances from B.G., Kymani Marley, and P$C. You Know What It Is \"You Know What It Is\" is a song by American hip hop recording artist T.I., released July 10, 2007, as the second single from his fifth studio album \"T.I. vs. T.I.P.\" (2007). The song was produced by Jerry \"Wonda\" Duplessis and Wyclef Jean, the latter of whom contributes vocals throughout the track. It debuted at #73 on Billboard's R&B/Hip Hop","title":"You Know What It Is"},{"psg_id":"14219947","text":"Hot Country Singles for the week of March 12, 1988. What She Is (Is a Woman in Love) \"What She Is (Is a Woman in Love)\" is a song written by Bob McDill and Paul Harrison and recorded by American country music artist Earl Thomas Conley. It was released in February 1988 as the lead single from the album, \"The Heart of It All\". The song was Earl Thomas Conley's fifteenth number one on the country chart. The single went to number one for one week and spent a total of thirteen weeks on the country chart. \"What She Is","title":"What She Is (Is a Woman in Love)"},{"psg_id":"3452966","text":"and Chris Hutchinson on several tracks. Jack Irons later rejoined the Red Hot Chili Peppers in 1987, but would then leave the next year due to Hillel Slovak’s death via a heroin overdose. Alain Johannes, Natasha Shneider, and Jack Irons later formed the band Eleven. Jack Irons would later leave Eleven midway through the recording of their third album to join Pearl Jam (with whom he recorded two albums) only to later rejoin Eleven in time for their fifth album. Eleven disbanded after the death of Natasha Schneider. Both Johannes and Irons are now a part of Spinnerette. What Is","title":"What Is This?"},{"psg_id":"9771746","text":"What You Get Is What You See \"What You Get Is What You See\" is a song by recording artist Tina Turner from her album \"Break Every Rule\" (1986). The song was written by the Terry Britten and Graham Lyle team and was notably different from the three previous singles that they had written for Turner, \"What's Love Got to Do with It\", \"We Don't Need Another Hero\" and \"Two People\", as it was an up-tempo country-tinged rock track featuring Eric Clapton on guitars. Tina Turner said in an interview that \"What You Get Is What You See\" is her","title":"What You Get Is What You See"},{"psg_id":"6343445","text":"other beauty treatments, raising money for BBC Children In Need. Christopher supports a large number of charities in the U.K. In 2009, he also played in a team against Morecambe Football Club for a friendly game, he is currently training as a mixed martial artist at the Kaobon gym in Liverpool whose fighters include Ultimate Fighting Championship alumni Terry Etim, Paul Kelly, Paul Taylor, Paul Sass and Mark Scanlon. Chris operates a number of successful business in the social housing and private healthcare sectors. Chris Perry-Metcalf Christopher \"Chris\" Perry-Metcalf (born 11 January 1989) is a former child actor who is","title":"Chris Perry-Metcalf"},{"psg_id":"4464522","text":"with boiling liquid. Doherty said they \"just wanted some cool imagery\". The art direction and design were done by P.R. Brown, who also did the photography with Kris McCaddon. Initial pressings of the album contained a demo version of \"What It Is to Burn\", produced by Chris Fuderich. It was replaced on later pressings with a re-recorded version, produced by Trombino. These later pressings were available from June onwards. The UK edition, released on June 2, included an acoustic version of \"Letters to You\" and the demo of \"What It Is to Burn\" as bonus tracks. Following the album's release,","title":"What It Is to Burn"},{"psg_id":"7432168","text":"a \"juddering rave anthem\". On 14 July 2002, the \"Pure Trance Original\" was incorporated into DJ John Digweed's set at Fatboy Slim's free Brighton beach show, where it was played to a live audience of approximately 150,000 people and relayed to viewers of television channel E4. Digweed's set showcased the origins of trance music, with \"What Time Is Love?\" used alongside Underworld's \"Dark & Long\" and Paul Oakenfold's \"Perfecto Mix\" of U2's \"Even Better Than the Real Thing\". British band Kaiser Chiefs covered \"What Time Is Love?\" on 14 February 2006 on BBC Radio 1. At the end of the","title":"What Time Is Love?"},{"psg_id":"12715772","text":"in 1996. The biography has been extensively reviewed: the reviewers include Paul Theroux, who wrote an earlier book about Naipaul. The biography was selected by the editors of the \"New York Times Book Review\" as one of the \"Times\"' \"10 Best Books of 2008\". It won the 2008 National Book Critics Circle Award in Biography, and the British literary award the Hawthornden Prize. The World Is What It Is The World Is What It Is: The Authorized Biography of V. S. Naipaul is a biography of the Nobel Prize-winning author V. S. Naipaul by Patrick French. It was published in","title":"The World Is What It Is"},{"psg_id":"20362348","text":"Andre Iguodola. This group is referred to as the Hampton's Five. They have won 3 NBA Titles. Cavaliers- LeBron James, Kyrie Irving, and Kevin Love. Rockets- Chris Paul, James Harden, and Carmelo Anthony, 76ers- Joel Embiid, Ben Simmons, and Jimmy Butler. Banana Boat Team The Banana Boat Team or Banana Boat Crew is a hypothetical pop culture NBA superteam, consisting of LeBron James, Dwyane Wade, Carmelo Anthony, and Chris Paul. The Banana Boat team first formed after a photo surfaced of James, Wade, Paul, and Wade's wife Gabrielle Union on vacation in 2015. Anthony, while not featured in the picture,","title":"Banana Boat Team"},{"psg_id":"16876404","text":"Billy Preston, but author John Winn states that this is incorrect, given the playing styles heard on the recording and Lomax's subsequent comments. Winn credits Harrison for one of the guitar parts, while Lomax stated that he was also accompanied by his live band at the time: Tim Renwick, Chris Hatfield, Billy Kinsley and Pete Clark. Lomax recorded a version of Leiber and Stoller's \"Thumbin' a Ride\" on 11 March, as the B-side to \"New Day\" in America. \"Thumbin' a Ride\" was produced by Paul McCartney and featured him on drums, along with Harrison (guitars), Preston (piano and organ) and","title":"Is This What You Want?"},{"psg_id":"7715500","text":"thankful for what we receive.\" He enjoys bowling and owns a franchise in the Professional Bowlers Association (PBA) League called L.A.X. He has hosted and participated in numerous celebrity and youth bowling events as the head of the CP3 Foundation, which benefits programs in Louisiana affected by Hurricane Katrina, as well as charities in Winston-Salem. In 2018, Paul purchased a minority ownership stake in the Winston-Salem Dash, a minor league baseball team located in his hometown. Paul's brother, C.J., played college basketball at Hampton University and University of South Carolina Upstate. In 2004, they played against each other when Wake","title":"Chris Paul"},{"psg_id":"13396846","text":"fellow professional player, Shokat Ali. Chris supports his local football, team Accrington Stanley. Chris married his long term girlfriend Emily Heardman on August 13, 2016 and they are expecting their first baby in July. Chris Norbury Christopher \"Chris\" Norbury (born 14 August 1986) is an English former professional snooker player. He began his professional career by playing Challenge Tour in 2003, at the time the second-level professional tour. Norbury first entered Main Tour for the 2005/06 season, after finishing the 2004/05 Challenge Tour Rankings on the rank 5. He played in the latter stages of the Paul Hunter Classic in","title":"Chris Norbury"},{"psg_id":"16876391","text":"Is This What You Want? Is This What You Want? is the debut album by English rock and soul singer Jackie Lomax, released in 1969 on the Beatles' Apple record label. It is notable for the involvement of three Beatles: It was produced by George Harrison and features contributions from Harrison, Paul McCartney and Ringo Starr. The album includes Lomax's debut single for Apple, the Harrison-written \"Sour Milk Sea\", while the US version added \"New Day\", which was produced by Lomax and released as a non-album single in Britain. The recording sessions for \"Is This What You Want?\" began in","title":"Is This What You Want?"},{"psg_id":"6038038","text":"Love\" was directed by German music video director Volker Hannwacker. It features Haddaway performing in an old castle, surrounded by vampire-like dominatrices. \"What is Love\" experienced a revival as the song from the \"Saturday Night Live\" \"Roxbury Guys\" sketches (later expanded into a movie called \"A Night at the Roxbury\"), where two brothers (played by Chris Kattan and Will Ferrell) frequently went to dance clubs with a third person (including actors such as Sylvester Stallone and Jim Carrey), credited as \"Barhop\". It was also used in the 2013 video game \"Saints Row IV\" and included as one of the tracks","title":"What Is Love"},{"psg_id":"7715470","text":"them in various youth leagues throughout their childhoods. Growing up, the Paul brothers spent their summers working at a service station owned by their grandfather Nathanial Jones, to whom Paul attributes many life lessons, and describes as his \"best friend\". One of Paul's uncles is a police officer. Paul attended West Forsyth High School in Clemmons, North Carolina. During his freshman and sophomore seasons, he played on the junior varsity team. For his junior year, he averaged 25 points, 5.3 assists, and 4.4 steals per game, helping West Forsyth reach the state semifinals. Over the ensuing summer, he led the","title":"Chris Paul"},{"psg_id":"8742225","text":"of Amy. One where she is in a giant, tall green dress. Another shot shows a black & white close up of Amy in a very retro-mod hair style. Remixes (feat. Chris Cox) – EP U.S. Promotional A&M CD Single U.S. Myrrh promotional CD single U.K. retail single That's What Love Is For \"That's What Love Is For\" is a 1991 Billboard Adult Contemporary chart #1 hit single and a Billboard Hot 100 top 10 single by Christian music singer Amy Grant. It was the third pop single off her 5x platinum selling album Heart in Motion and the only","title":"That's What Love Is For"},{"psg_id":"7715469","text":"City\". In 2017, he was traded to the Houston Rockets, and helped the team win a franchise-record 65 games in his debut season. Off the court, Paul has served as the National Basketball Players Association president since August 2013. One of the highest-paid athletes in the world, he holds endorsement deals with companies such as Nike and State Farm. Paul was born on May 6, 1985, in Winston-Salem, North Carolina to Charles Edward Paul and Robin Jones. He has an older brother named Charles \"C.J.\" Paul. A former athlete himself, Charles Sr. taught his sons basketball and football and coached","title":"Chris Paul"},{"psg_id":"11850281","text":"\"shaky at best.\" In reviewing this book, \"The Guardian\" called it \"the most comprehensive independent analysis of the state of knowledge about Iraq's weapons programmes until the new team of inspectors went back.\" Along with another book published by Context Books, The New York Times singled out \"War on Iraq: What Team Bush Doesn't Want You to Know\" as an anti-war book that \"emerged from, and then codified opposition to the war in Iraq.\" War on Iraq: What Team Bush Doesn't Want You to Know War on Iraq: What Team Bush Doesn't Want You to Know is short book, written","title":"War on Iraq: What Team Bush Doesn't Want You to Know"},{"psg_id":"13945141","text":"Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament The Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament was a professional wrestling tag team single-elimination tournament held by the Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) promotion in 2005. It was held to honor the TNA wrestler Chris Candido, who died in April 2005 as a result of acute pneumonia. It is the only edition held as of 2019 despite it being announced as an annual event. The competition began on August 16, 2005 and concluded on August 16, 2005 at the tapings of TNA's television program \"TNA Impact!\". It was broadcast from the August 19 to","title":"Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament"},{"psg_id":"19787279","text":"Chris Cargo Christopher \"Chris\" Cargo (born 18 February 1986) is an Irish field hockey player who plays as a forward or midfielder for English club Hampstead & Westminster and the Irish national team. He competed for the Ireland men's national field hockey team at the 2016 Summer Olympics. He came to Irish international attention with a fine performance in the 2009 interprovincial tournament as a last-minute call-up for Ulster. He impressed enough to make his Irish debut just three months later – on the same day as Paul Gleghorne – and never looked back, becoming a central panel member in","title":"Chris Cargo"},{"psg_id":"16722062","text":"BMW Asia) at Circuit Paul Ricard, finishing tenth and ninth respectively. On 20 August 2012 Vlok replaced injured Luca Orlandi for Team West-Tec at round six of the 2012 European F3 Open at the Hungaroring, finishing fifth and eleventh in class respectively. Vlok drove for Team West-Tec in the national class in the 2013 British Formula 3 championship in a 2012 Dallara-Toyota. He achieved eight podiums, and won the penultimate event of the year at the Nurburgring. Chris Vlok Chris Vlok (born 17 September 1992) is a professional racing driver from New Zealand. Vlok began racing in 2008 at the","title":"Chris Vlok"},{"psg_id":"7715473","text":"school history. In the final game of the year, Paul punched NC State guard Julius Hodge in the groin and received a one-game suspension for the ACC Tournament, an incident that marred Paul's image for a short time. The Demon Deacons again qualified for the NCAA Tournament but suffered a second round upset at the hands of West Virginia. With final averages of 15.3 points, 4.5 rebounds, 6.6 assists, and 2.4 steals per game, Paul was eventually named First Team Consensus All-America, and with a 3.21 grade point average (GPA), he was also named to ESPN's Academic All-America Team. On","title":"Chris Paul"},{"psg_id":"7715502","text":"companies he does business with are Nike and State Farm. He was the cover athlete for the video game NBA 2K8. Paul was selected president of the National Basketball Players Association on August 21, 2013, after having served on the executive committee for four years. He was a key figure in the banning of Clippers owner Donald Sterling from the NBA following racist remarks Sterling made in 2014. In one interview, Paul mentioned a possible boycott if Sterling continued to own the team. Paul played a significant role in the election of Michele Roberts as the Executive Director of the","title":"Chris Paul"},{"psg_id":"15983627","text":"of a superior, and the hellish nature of the task that the narrator is performing and its effect upon him. Much of the collection contains a series of grim and brooding passages. Paul Gray, a contributor of \"Time\" called Levine's narrators “guerrillas, trapped in an endless battle long after the war is lost.” This may refer to instances where Levine recalls his childhood hometown of Detroit. Yet others, such as Marie Borroff, suggest that Levine's work is joyful despite its painful material. Initial reviews for \"What Work Is\" praised Levine for his working-class subject matter, which represented a marked change","title":"What Work Is"},{"psg_id":"7715483","text":"Blake Griffin later commenting, \"It put us on the map.\" Early in Paul's debut season, the team developed a reputation for their fast-paced offense and spectacular alley-oop dunks, usually from Paul to Griffin or DeAndre Jordan, earning them the nickname \"Lob City\". Paul finished the year averaging 19.8 points, 9.1 assists, and 2.5 steals per game, becoming the first Clipper to be named to the All-NBA First Team since the franchise moved to Los Angeles in the 1980s. Behind his play and the emergence of Griffin as an All-NBA performer, Los Angeles qualified for the playoffs, losing to the San","title":"Chris Paul"},{"psg_id":"13945142","text":"September 9 episodes of \"Impact!\". It was known by various names: 2005 Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament, The Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament, and The Chris Candido Cup Tournament. The concept of the tournament was to have eight teams consisting of one veteran wrestler and one rookie wrestler competing against each other to gain entry into a Four Way Elimination Tag Team match for the NWA World Tag Team Championship at TNA's Unbreakable PPV event on September 11. The tournament featured sixteen TNA wrestlers: Abyss, Shark Boy, Alex Shelley, Sean Waltman, B.G. James, Cassidy Reilly, Chris Sabin, Shocker,","title":"Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament"},{"psg_id":"10002064","text":"Chris Whitten Chris Whitten (born 26 March 1959) is a British session drummer who provided drums for the hit singles \"What I Am\" by Edie Brickell & New Bohemians, \"World Shut your Mouth\" by Julian Cope and \"The Whole of the Moon\" by The Waterboys. Two critically acclaimed projects that Whitten was the drummer for were Paul McCartney's \"Flowers In The Dirt\" album in 1989, and Dire Straits final world tour from 1991-1992 to accompany their last studio album, \"On Every Street\". He also played drums on some tracks of the album \"Titanic\" (1982) by the Italian songwriter Francesco De","title":"Chris Whitten"},{"psg_id":"9406939","text":"What Is the What What Is the What: The Autobiography of Valentino Achak Deng is a 2006 novel written by Dave Eggers. It is based on the life of Valentino Achak Deng, a Sudanese child refugee who immigrated to the United States under the Lost Boys of Sudan program. It was a finalist for the National Book Award. As a boy, Achak is separated from his family during the Second Sudanese Civil War when the Arab militia, referred to as \"murahaleen\" (which is Arabic for the deported), wipes out his Dinka village, Marial Bai. During the assault, he loses sight","title":"What Is the What"},{"psg_id":"9406947","text":"That Happens Will Happen Today\". Tom Tykwer plans to adapt the novel into a film. In 2009, the novel received the Prix Médicis étranger in France. What Is the What What Is the What: The Autobiography of Valentino Achak Deng is a 2006 novel written by Dave Eggers. It is based on the life of Valentino Achak Deng, a Sudanese child refugee who immigrated to the United States under the Lost Boys of Sudan program. It was a finalist for the National Book Award. As a boy, Achak is separated from his family during the Second Sudanese Civil War when","title":"What Is the What"},{"psg_id":"17979976","text":"toward women at a bar near campus. A Bowling Green alumnus recorded Jans on his cell phone, and was so outraged by what he saw that he reported the incident to school officials. Following an internal investigation, Bowling Green fired Jans for violating a morals clause in his contract. Chris Jans Christopher Paul Jans (born April 12, 1969) is an American college basketball head coach for New Mexico State. He was hired on April 17, 2017 replacing Paul Weir. Jans is a graduate of Loras College, and hails from Fairbank, Iowa. Prior to New Mexico State, Jans was hired by","title":"Chris Jans"},{"psg_id":"18331265","text":"in previous years. After winning Chris joined his brother in the Barber Dodge Pro Series for 1999 as his engineer. Jeff Simmons won the championship and graduated into Indy Lights in 2000. Chris was again his engineer at Team Green. Simmons would remain at Andretti Autosport while his brother moved on to other teams. Simmons was an assistant engineer to Tony Kanaan and Paul Tracy. As of November 2003 Simmons is a race engineer at Chip Ganassi Racing. Chris Simmons (racing driver) Chris Simmons (Hartford, Connecticut, 1 May 1973) is a former racing driver who competed in USF2000 and Indy","title":"Chris Simmons (racing driver)"},{"psg_id":"11248075","text":"Here Is What Is Here Is What Is is the fifth studio album by Canadian songwriter and record producer Daniel Lanois. It was first released in December 2007 as a high-quality download, and later released on CD on March 18, 2008. The album is the result of the same project that led to the 2007 documentary \"Here Is What Is\" that premiered at the 2007 Toronto International Film Festival in September. The movie documents the aesthetics and creative process behind Lanois' approach to music making and recording. The album has been presented as a direct soundtrack to this film, and","title":"Here Is What Is"},{"psg_id":"19769170","text":"You'll Never Know What You're Missing \"You'll Never Know What You're Missing\" was the third hit for The Real Thing who already had had two major hits with \"You To Me Are Everything\" and \"Can't Get By Without You\" The song was written by Chris and Eddie Amoo. It was produced by Chris, Eddie and Dennis Weinreich for Tony Hall productions. The strings were arranged by Paul Buckmeister. The B side of the single was \"Love Is A Playgoun\", also written by the Amoo's. They also co-produced it with Dennis Weinreich, and the strings and brass were arranged by Ian","title":"You'll Never Know What You're Missing"},{"psg_id":"14852822","text":"Chris Antonetti Chris Antonetti is the current President of the Cleveland Indians. Antonetti is a graduate of Georgetown University and University of Massachusetts Amherst. He worked in the front office of the Montreal Expos in 1998. He has worked for the Indians since 1999. Before the 2010 season, Executive VP/GM Mark Shapiro announced his promotion to team General Manager at season's end, with chairman/CEO Paul Dolan naming Antonetti as Shapiro's successor. The promotion was finalized at the end of the 2010 season. On October 6, 2015, the Cleveland Indians announced they had promoted Antonetti to President of Baseball Operations and","title":"Chris Antonetti"},{"psg_id":"7715489","text":"second time he failed to make an All-NBA team since 2008 and the first time in his six years as a Clipper. In the playoffs, Los Angeles was eliminated after their first round series against the Utah Jazz, with Paul averaging 25.3 points, 9.9 assists, 5 rebounds per game over seven games. On June 28, 2017, Paul was traded to the Houston Rockets in exchange for Patrick Beverley, Sam Dekker, Montrezl Harrell, Darrun Hilliard, DeAndre Liggins, Lou Williams, Kyle Wiltjer, a future first round pick, and cash considerations. In his debut for the Rockets in their season opener on October","title":"Chris Paul"},{"psg_id":"8428667","text":"commercial obscurity\", and \"Calgary Herald\" critic James Muretich calling the album \"more tortured, timeless tunes of sex, drugs and rock 'n' roll by Canada's subculture answer to Ray Davies, Leonard Cohen and Paul Westerberg\". It won the Juno Award for Best Alternative Album in 1996. Bergmann followed up with \"Design Flaw\", an album of rerecorded versions of songs from his earlier albums, in 1998, but did not record another full-length album of new material until \"The Apostate\" in 2016. What Fresh Hell Is This? What Fresh Hell is This? is the fourth studio album by Art Bergmann, released in 1995","title":"What Fresh Hell Is This?"},{"psg_id":"20904471","text":"motherly love.\" What Is Love? (Clean Bandit album) What Is Love? is the second studio album by British electronic music group Clean Bandit. It was released on 30 November 2018 by Atlantic Records. It includes the singles \"Tears\" (featuring Louisa Johnson), \"Rockabye\" (featuring Sean Paul and Anne-Marie), \"Symphony\" (featuring Zara Larsson), \"I Miss You\" (featuring Julia Michaels), \"Solo\" (featuring Demi Lovato) and \"Baby\" (featuring Marina and Luis Fonsi). In addition, the album also features collaborations with Ellie Goulding, Rita Ora, Bhad Bhabie, Charli XCX and Tove Styrke. Speaking about the gap between albums, bassist and saxophone player Jack Patterson told","title":"What Is Love? (Clean Bandit album)"},{"psg_id":"20904467","text":"What Is Love? (Clean Bandit album) What Is Love? is the second studio album by British electronic music group Clean Bandit. It was released on 30 November 2018 by Atlantic Records. It includes the singles \"Tears\" (featuring Louisa Johnson), \"Rockabye\" (featuring Sean Paul and Anne-Marie), \"Symphony\" (featuring Zara Larsson), \"I Miss You\" (featuring Julia Michaels), \"Solo\" (featuring Demi Lovato) and \"Baby\" (featuring Marina and Luis Fonsi). In addition, the album also features collaborations with Ellie Goulding, Rita Ora, Bhad Bhabie, Charli XCX and Tove Styrke. Speaking about the gap between albums, bassist and saxophone player Jack Patterson told \"Fault\" magazine","title":"What Is Love? (Clean Bandit album)"},{"psg_id":"19267806","text":"What It Is! (Kahil El'Zabar album) What It Is! is an album by American jazz percussionist Kahil El'Zabar, which was recorded in 2012 and released on Delmark. It was the debut of a quartet comprising three young players from the school of Chicago's AACM: tenor saxophonist Kevin Nabors, pianist Justin Dillard and bassist Junius Paul. The album includes five originals and two jazz standards by John Coltrane: \"Impressions\" and \"Central Park West\". The \"Down Beat\" review by John Murph states \"Kahil El’Zabar moves toward the center this time around and releases one of his most accessible discs yet. The adventurous","title":"What It Is! (Kahil El'Zabar album)"},{"psg_id":"11340469","text":"Paul Flemming Paul Flemming (born October 8, 1968 in Halifax, Nova Scotia) is a Canadian curler. Flemming's junior team had a stellar record, yet failed to win the Nova Scotia Junior Men's Championship, losing 4 provincial finals. In 1987 The team of Paul Flemming, Mike Mawhinney, Glen MacLeod, and Chris Oxner represented Nova Scotia at Canada Winter Games, in Sydney, Nova Scotia. After finishing with an undefeated record in the round robin, including a convincing victory over Ontario's Wayne Middaugh. A semi-final win followed against Saskatchewan. The Flemming team gained control of the gold medal game against John Boswick of","title":"Paul Flemming"},{"psg_id":"14558102","text":"young talent in sport, music and entertainment by securing representation of defender Daniel Opare, who played for the Ghana national team. In 2010, Nathaniel was instructed by Mumbai entrepreneur Saurin Shah to lodge a £25 million takeover bid for Premier League side Blackburn Rovers. 2015 saw the most expensive African footballer Wilfried Bony and boxing champion Adrien Broner added to Chris Nathaniel’s roster of clients. Chris Nathaniel Chris Nathaniel (born 9 March 1982) is a sports agent and talent manager representing footballers, music artists, actors and models. He founded NVA Entertainment Group in 2005 with his partner Paul Boadi. He","title":"Chris Nathaniel"},{"psg_id":"13945161","text":"the company due to management being angered by his failure to participate at Unbreakable. Despite him not showing up to the event, Waltman was in Orlando and dressed to compete, but did not arrive at the arena in time. Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament The Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament was a professional wrestling tag team single-elimination tournament held by the Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) promotion in 2005. It was held to honor the TNA wrestler Chris Candido, who died in April 2005 as a result of acute pneumonia. It is the only edition held as of","title":"Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament"},{"psg_id":"20362343","text":"Banana Boat Team The Banana Boat Team or Banana Boat Crew is a hypothetical pop culture NBA superteam, consisting of LeBron James, Dwyane Wade, Carmelo Anthony, and Chris Paul. The Banana Boat team first formed after a photo surfaced of James, Wade, Paul, and Wade's wife Gabrielle Union on vacation in 2015. Anthony, while not featured in the picture, was on vacation with them at the time, and is considered the 'fourth member' of the Banana Boat Team. The four NBA superstars have been friends since they were children, and have consistently gone on vacation together. They also played together","title":"Banana Boat Team"},{"psg_id":"10111199","text":"You Don't Know What Love Is \"You Don't Know What Love Is\" is a popular song of the Great American Songbook, written by Don Raye (lyrics) and Gene de Paul (music) for the Abbott and Costello picture \"Keep 'Em Flying\" (1941), in which it was sung by Carol Bruce. The number was deleted from the film prior to release. The song was later included in \"Behind the Eight Ball\" (1942), starring the Ritz Brothers. \"You Don't Know What Love Is\" was again sung by Carol Bruce; it was her third and final film until the 1980s. After Miles Davis recorded","title":"You Don't Know What Love Is"},{"psg_id":"7715495","text":"was fined a total of $491,782 for his role in the fracas. On December 11, he recorded a triple-double with 11 points, 11 rebounds and 10 assists in a 111–104 win over the Trail Blazers. Paul made his debut for the United States national team at the 2006 FIBA World Championship in Japan. He finished the competition with a tournament-high 44 assists, helping Team USA win the bronze medal. At the 2008 Olympics in Beijing, he played a key role off the bench, scoring 13 points in a gold medal game victory against Spain. Team USA finished the competition with","title":"Chris Paul"},{"psg_id":"11276039","text":"Chris Masten Chris Masten (born 2 May 1989) is an Australian rules footballer playing for the West Coast Eagles in the Australian Football League (AFL). He was chosen as the first round pick (number 3 overall) in the 2007 AFL Draft by the Eagles, the team he had supported as a child. Standing at 179 cm, Masten projects as an inside midfielder in the mould of fellow West Australians Paul Hasleby & Simon Black. Features of his game include clean hands, good vision, courageous attack on the ball and a very large aerobic capacity. Masten showed strong leadership in the","title":"Chris Masten"},{"psg_id":"10111200","text":"the song in the 1950s, it became a jazz standard, with noteworthy recordings by Billie Holiday, Sonny Rollins and many others. You Don't Know What Love Is \"You Don't Know What Love Is\" is a popular song of the Great American Songbook, written by Don Raye (lyrics) and Gene de Paul (music) for the Abbott and Costello picture \"Keep 'Em Flying\" (1941), in which it was sung by Carol Bruce. The number was deleted from the film prior to release. The song was later included in \"Behind the Eight Ball\" (1942), starring the Ritz Brothers. \"You Don't Know What Love","title":"You Don't Know What Love Is"},{"psg_id":"13945149","text":"Mikey Batts (young) and Simon Diamond (veteran), and last of all Ron Killings (veteran) and Sonjay Dutt (young). On the August 26 episode of \"Impact!\", NWA Championship Committee member Larry Zbyszko announced that a Four Way Elimination Tag Team match for the NWA World Tag Team Championship was planned for TNA's Unbreakable PPV event on September 11, in which The Naturals would defend against AMW, Team Canada (A-1 and Eric Young), and the winners of the Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament. The Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament featured seven matches involving different wrestlers from pre-existing scripted feuds and","title":"Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament"},{"psg_id":"7715471","text":"Winston-Salem-based Kappa Magic to the National U-17 AAU title, earning tournament MVP honors in the process. During his senior season, Paul received national attention for scoring 61 points in a game; his 61-year-old grandfather was slain earlier in the year and Paul honored him by scoring one point for each year of his life. Paul finished the season with averages of 30.8 points, 5.9 rebounds, 9.5 assists, and 6 steals per game, leading West Forsyth to a 27–3 record and the Class 4A Eastern Regional finals. He was then named a McDonald's All-American, first-team \"Parade\" All-American, and North Carolina's Mr.","title":"Chris Paul"},{"psg_id":"11248076","text":"some of the tracks (\"Beauty\" and \"Chest of Drawers\") are conversations with Brian Eno. All songs written by Daniel Lanois unless otherwise noted. \"Where Will I Be\" is a new version of a song which had been previously released on Emmylou Harris' album \"Wrecking Ball\" in 1995. \"Lovechild\" and \"Sacred And Secular\" tracks incorporates, respectively, the pedal steel guitar melody used in \"Carla\", on Belladonna album, and the pedal steel guitar melody used in \"Transmitter\", on Shine album. Here Is What Is Here Is What Is is the fifth studio album by Canadian songwriter and record producer Daniel Lanois. It","title":"Here Is What Is"},{"psg_id":"10002066","text":"drum sample libraries Custom and Vintage SDX and The Classic EZX as well as several others. He toured with The Dire Strait Experience and visited India to perform at a charity event in Gurgaon and Bangalore, India in March 2017 Chris Whitten Chris Whitten (born 26 March 1959) is a British session drummer who provided drums for the hit singles \"What I Am\" by Edie Brickell & New Bohemians, \"World Shut your Mouth\" by Julian Cope and \"The Whole of the Moon\" by The Waterboys. Two critically acclaimed projects that Whitten was the drummer for were Paul McCartney's \"Flowers In","title":"Chris Whitten"},{"psg_id":"7728590","text":"it a year later, after completing work on Preston's second Apple album, \"Encouraging Words\". By May 1970, having recently collaborated with \"genuine R&B heavy-weights\" such as Doris Troy and Preston, as well as participating in the \"blue-eyed soul\" Delaney & Bonnie European tour, along with Eric Clapton, the previous December, Harrison was well placed to record \"What Is Life\", Leng observes. With Phil Spector as co-producer and all the Friends team on hand, the song was among the first tracks taped for Harrison's debut post-Beatles solo album; recording took place at Abbey Road Studios in London, during late May or","title":"What Is Life"},{"psg_id":"15509488","text":"(What Is) Love? \"(What Is) Love?\" is a song recorded by American entertainer Jennifer Lopez. Originally entitled \"What Is Love?\", the song appeared on the soundtrack to \"The Back-up Plan\" (2010), a film in which Lopez stars. The song was later included on Lopez's seventh studio album \"Love?\" (2011), as the album's title track. \"(What Is) Love?\" is a midtempo electropop song written by Diana \"Wynter\" Gordon, with the song's producer Emile \"D'Mile\" Dernst II. The song is about \"not knowing what love is,\" according to Gordon. A remix of \"(What Is) Love?\", entitled \"What Is Love? Part II\", was","title":"(What Is) Love?"},{"psg_id":"14558096","text":"Chris Nathaniel Chris Nathaniel (born 9 March 1982) is a sports agent and talent manager representing footballers, music artists, actors and models. He founded NVA Entertainment Group in 2005 with his partner Paul Boadi. He is a former Choice FM DJ and UK promoter for global acts such as P Diddy, Usher and Lil Wayne. Chris Nathaniel represents television and sport personalities such as Katie Price, Ashley Walters, Paul Ince, and his son Thomas Ince. Kelly Rowland, Usain Bolt and Samuel Eto'o. In 2006 Chris Nathaniel acted as an adviser to the Football Association on the official England World Cup","title":"Chris Nathaniel"},{"psg_id":"7291024","text":"in mint condition was worth £60, whereas a mint copy of \"1987: The JAMs 45 Edits\" was worth a mere £10. 1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?) 1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?) is the debut studio album by British electronic band The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu (the JAMs), later known as the KLF. \"1987\" was produced using extensive unauthorised samples that plagiarized a wide range of musical works, continuing a theme begun in the JAMs' debut single \"All You Need Is Love\". These samples provided a deliberately provocative backdrop for beatbox rhythms and cryptic, political raps.","title":"1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?)"},{"psg_id":"7290993","text":"1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?) 1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?) is the debut studio album by British electronic band The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu (the JAMs), later known as the KLF. \"1987\" was produced using extensive unauthorised samples that plagiarized a wide range of musical works, continuing a theme begun in the JAMs' debut single \"All You Need Is Love\". These samples provided a deliberately provocative backdrop for beatbox rhythms and cryptic, political raps. The album was released to mixed reviews, but was a commercial success. Shortly after independent release in June 1987, the JAMs","title":"1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?)"},{"psg_id":"7594934","text":"Harold what he means to them. When Paul rejoins the Dingoes football team after a failed run the previous year, he discovers teammate Nathan Tyson (Luke Hemsworth) is using steroids to bulk up. After alerting Doctor Karl Kennedy (Alan Fletcher), Nathan is dropped and Paul becomes a pariah among the team for blowing the whistle on Nathan. The coach, Pat Miller (Matt Norman), keeps Paul on the bench for the next few games but eventually relents when he is forced to play Paul due to the injury of another player. After Paul scores the winner, he confronts Pat, tells him","title":"Paul McClain"},{"psg_id":"7728613","text":"of \"What Is Life\" on his 2005 tribute CD \"Something for George\". \"What Is Life\" was performed live at George Fest 2014 by \"Weird Al\" Yankovic. The recording is available on YouTube. The following musicians are believed to have played on \"What Is Life\": What Is Life \"What Is Life\" is a song by the English musician George Harrison, released on his 1970 triple album \"All Things Must Pass\". In many countries, it was issued as the second single from the album, in February 1971, becoming a top-ten hit in the United States, Canada and elsewhere, and topping singles charts","title":"What Is Life"},{"psg_id":"11850280","text":"War on Iraq: What Team Bush Doesn't Want You to Know War on Iraq: What Team Bush Doesn't Want You to Know is short book, written in 2002, by William Rivers Pitt and featuring an extensive interview with former United Nations weapons inspector Scott Ritter. In it Pitt and Ritter examine the Bush administration's justifications for war with Iraq and call for a diplomatic solution instead of war. Ritter argues that Iraq once possessed many unconventional arms but they have either been destroyed or degraded. Therefore, the government's claims that Iraq had vast stockpiles of \"weapons of mass destruction\" were","title":"War on Iraq: What Team Bush Doesn't Want You to Know"},{"psg_id":"8966219","text":"were not re-recorded for \"This Is What You Want...This Is What You Get\" (although a remixed version of \"Blue Water\" was included as the B-side on the \"This Is Not a Love Song\" 12\" single). Songs on \"This Is What You Want...This Is What You Get\" which did not appear in any form on \"Commercial Zone\" are \"Tie Me to the Length of That\", \"The Pardon\" and \"1981\", and are the only songs on the album which do not credit Keith Levene as a co-writer. PiL was supposed to score the soundtrack for the 1983 suspense film \"Copkiller\", starring Harvey","title":"This Is What You Want... This Is What You Get"},{"psg_id":"17414673","text":"extremely positive about \"What Love Is Made Of\", describing it as \"darker than anything\" from \"On a Mission\", while calling it \"slinky\". The reviewer went on to commend the \"irresistibly pouty\" chorus. Pitchfork Media's Katherine St. Asaph commented that, in the song, the singer \"sound[ed] completely enthralled, by either her lover or the music\" and complimented her voice, noting that it seemed \"ten times bigger than before\". Jordan Sargent of \"Spin\" magazine called the track \"exuberant\" and highlighted Katy's vocal performance, which he deemed \"typically fantastic\", while the team from pop music website Popjustice gave \"What Love Is Made Of\"","title":"What Love Is Made Of"},{"psg_id":"18902288","text":"Director. Chris Thredgold Chris Thredgold (born 8 May 1971) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Sturt in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL) from 1991 to 2002. He is the co-holder of the record for most years as captain at Sturt, shared with Paul Bagshaw. A reliable full-back, Thredgold was often described as \"the heart and soul of the Double Blues\". As club captain at the time, Thredgold was controversially omitted from the successful 2002 Grand Final team. In 2014, Thredgold was elected as a board member of the Sturt Football Club in the portfolio of","title":"Chris Thredgold"},{"psg_id":"18902287","text":"Chris Thredgold Chris Thredgold (born 8 May 1971) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Sturt in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL) from 1991 to 2002. He is the co-holder of the record for most years as captain at Sturt, shared with Paul Bagshaw. A reliable full-back, Thredgold was often described as \"the heart and soul of the Double Blues\". As club captain at the time, Thredgold was controversially omitted from the successful 2002 Grand Final team. In 2014, Thredgold was elected as a board member of the Sturt Football Club in the portfolio of Football","title":"Chris Thredgold"},{"psg_id":"14852823","text":"promoted Assistant General Manager Mike Chernoff to General Manager. Filling Chernoff’s spot as Assistant GM will be Director of Baseball Operations Derek Falvey. Chris Antonetti Chris Antonetti is the current President of the Cleveland Indians. Antonetti is a graduate of Georgetown University and University of Massachusetts Amherst. He worked in the front office of the Montreal Expos in 1998. He has worked for the Indians since 1999. Before the 2010 season, Executive VP/GM Mark Shapiro announced his promotion to team General Manager at season's end, with chairman/CEO Paul Dolan naming Antonetti as Shapiro's successor. The promotion was finalized at the","title":"Chris Antonetti"},{"psg_id":"8522066","text":"Chris Brass Christopher Paul Brass (born 24 July 1975) is an English former professional footballer and manager who was the head coach at League One club Bury. Born in Easington, County Durham, Brass began his career as a schoolboy at Ipswich Town before progressing through the youth system at Burnley as a trainee, where he turned professional on 8 July 1993. In 1994, Brass captained the Burnley A team as it won the Lancashire League. In need of first team experience, he joined Torquay United on loan in October 1994, playing seven league games in a two-month loan spell. Brass","title":"Chris Brass"},{"psg_id":"7715499","text":"Crawley, on September 10, 2011. Together they have two children, Christopher Emmanuel Paul, Jr. (born May 23, 2009) and Camryn Alexis Paul (born August 16, 2012). The family resides in a Mediterranean-style mansion in Bel Air, which Paul bought from Avril Lavigne for $8.5 million in 2012. On November 11, 2011, Paul appeared with his family on Family Feud. Paul is a Christian and attends church every Sunday whenever possible. In one interview, Paul commented, \"I am so thankful that my parents raised me and C.J. to depend on God's guidance and our faith in Him, and to always be","title":"Chris Paul"},{"psg_id":"503582","text":"October 23, 2015, Bill McGuire of Minnesota United FC and former Saint Paul Mayor Chris Coleman announced that a privately financed soccer-specific stadium would be built on the vacant Metro Transit bus barn site in Saint Paul's Midway neighborhood near the intersection of Snelling Avenue and University Avenue. It is midway between downtown Saint Paul and downtown Minneapolis. The stadium will open in 2019 and seat 19,400. The team will play in the MLS in 2017. On May 15, 2018, the Minnesota Whitecaps joined the National Women's Hockey League as their fifth franchise. Founded in 2004, the team originally played","title":"Saint Paul, Minnesota"},{"psg_id":"9845587","text":"on Twitter, leading Canadian political journalist Paul Wells criticised Alexander for distortions of Canadian history and of his own policies, adding that \"Chris Alexander's jaw flaps like a barn door and he has no control over what comes out of it\" and \"if this is what smart gets us in a cabinet minister, I'd gladly trade it in for some stupid.\" For the 2015 election, Alexander ran in Ajax, essentially the southern portion of his old riding. He faced Holland in a rematch. During the 2015 election campaign, Alexander was known for toeing the party line, and accepted the position","title":"Chris Alexander (politician)"},{"psg_id":"8971989","text":"coach Cam Cameron, who was the head coach at Indiana during Liwienski's senior season in 1997, as well as quarterback Daunte Culpepper, who played with Liwienski in Minnesota from 1999 to 2005. Once again a free agent, Liwienski signed with the Jacksonville Jaguars on July 31, 2008 after they waived rookie quarterback Paul Smith. Liwienski was released on August 25 after the team signed running back Ciatrick Fason. After a life of football, Chris moved to Minnetonka, MN. There he enjoys relaxing with his wife and coaching his two children in various sports. Chris continues to succeed outside of football,","title":"Chris Liwienski"},{"psg_id":"7769482","text":"long term injury to David Lucas. He lost his place in the side following the arrival of England U-21 keeper Scott Carson on loan from Liverpool. Chris did however captain the Sheffield Wednesday reserve team to the title in the Pontins Central Reserve League. Adamson warmed the Wednesday bench for sometime longer after former Owls boss Paul Sturrock secured the services of Australian Brad Jones from Middlesbrough on a three-month loan deal at the beginning of the 2006-07 season. Chris made his first appearance of the season in the League Cup first round at Hillsborough versus League Two side Wrexham,","title":"Chris Adamson"},{"psg_id":"6367129","text":"Chris Coleman (politician) Christopher B. \"Chris\" Coleman (born September 1, 1961) is an American politician and lawyer who served as the 54th Mayor of Saint Paul, Minnesota between 2006 and 2018. He defeated incumbent mayor Randy Kelly in 2005 and took office on January 3, 2006. He was later succeeded by city councilman Melvin Carter on January 2, 2018 Chris Coleman was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota, as the son of Bridget Finnegan and Nicholas Coleman, Sr., who served as State Senate majority leader from 1973 to 1981. Coleman attended Cretin High School in St. Paul. His brother Nick Coleman","title":"Chris Coleman (politician)"},{"psg_id":"12639247","text":"What the Dickens What the Dickens? is a television panel game hosted by Sandi Toksvig. Team captains were Dave Gorman and Tim Brooke-Taylor for the first series and Sue Perkins and Chris Addison for the second and third. It was recorded at Sky Studios in West London. Each team viewed up to three picture clues to help them identify a book, film, play, or musical from the world of fine arts and entertainment, scoring three points if they guessed the correct answer after just one picture clue, two after two, and one after all three were revealed. If they failed","title":"What the Dickens"},{"psg_id":"16876393","text":"demos at the company's original headquarters, on Baker Street in central London.<ref name=\"Davis/liner notes\">Liner notes by Andy Davis, \"Is This What You Want?\" CD booklet (Apple/EMI, 2010; produced by George Harrison, Jackie Lomax, Mal Evans & Paul McCartney).</ref> John Lennon was the first to suggest he should consider becoming a solo artist, and with the formation of Apple Records in early 1968, George Harrison committed to producing an album by Lomax on the new label. Lomax later admitted he was concerned that the album might never get made since he was unsure whether Harrison would ever come back from India,","title":"Is This What You Want?"},{"psg_id":"5500740","text":"(Works Righteousness). In this view, Paul is arguing against the idea that humans can merit salvation from God by their good works alone (note that the \"new\" perspective agrees that we cannot merit salvation; the issue is what exactly Paul is addressing). By contrast, new-perspective scholars see Paul as talking about \"badges of covenant membership\" or criticizing Gentile believers who had begun to rely on the Torah to reckon Jewish kinship. It is argued that in Paul's time, Israelites were being faced with a choice of whether to continue to follow their ancestral customs, the Torah (\"the ancestral customs\"), or","title":"New Perspective on Paul"},{"psg_id":"15509492","text":"she was dissatisfied with the circumstances, but was in \"no way dissing Lopez.\" A mastered version of \"What Is Love?\" was included on the soundtrack to \"The Back-up Plan\" (2010), a film in which Lopez stars. \"What Is Love?\" was re-titled as \"(What Is) Love?\" and appeared on \"Love?\" (2011). \"(What Is) Love?\" was due to be released as a promotional single from \"Love?\" on April 26, 2011, but was \"unlocked\" and released four days earlier, on April 22, 2011 by through a campaign on Lopez's Facebook page. It was released in many European countries on April 25. The song","title":"(What Is) Love?"},{"psg_id":"8604154","text":"championships, winning four USVBA Open team national championships, winning the World Championship and 8 other tournaments on the beach circuit, including the two Manhattans, and a gold medal at the Olympic games. Of them all, what he prized most was winning the Olympic Gold Medal in front of his family and friends at the games held in Los Angeles in 1984. Chris Marlowe Christian \"Chris\" Marlowe (born September 28, 1951) is an American professional sportscaster who resides in Denver, Colorado. He currently is the play-by-play announcer for the Denver Nuggets of the National Basketball Association in the fall, winter and","title":"Chris Marlowe"},{"psg_id":"3657786","text":"Chris Begg Christopher Stephen Begg (born September 12, 1979 in Uxbridge, Ontario) is a Canadian baseball pitcher. A graduate of Niagara University, Begg was signed as an undrafted free agent by the San Francisco Giants in 2003 after pitching for the St. Paul Saints of the Northern League. He was part of Team Canada in the 2004 Summer Olympics who finished in fourth place. Begg was also named the 2001 MAAC Pitcher of the Year. Chris pitched for Canada in the World Baseball Classic. He was promoted to the AAA affiliate of the Giants, the Fresno Grizzlies. In his first","title":"Chris Begg"},{"psg_id":"18518694","text":"rank of lieutenant in 1919. In 1917, while playing for the Newport Naval Reserve team, he was selected for the All Service teams selected by Paul Purman and \"The New York Times\". Chris Schlachter Christopher Peter Schlachter (July 17, 1894 – date and year of death unclear) was an American football player. A native of Brooklyn, Schlachter attended Syracuse University where he played at the guard position for the Syracuse Orange football team from 1915 to 1916. He was selected by Walter Camp as a first-team guard on this 1915 College Football All-America Team. In October 1916, he sustained a","title":"Chris Schlachter"},{"psg_id":"7715472","text":"Basketball by \"The Charlotte Observer\". As a freshman at Wake Forest University, Paul averaged 14.8 points, 5.9 assists, and 2.7 steals per game, setting school freshman records for three-point percentage, free throws, free throw percentage, assists, and steals in the process. Behind his play, the Demon Deacons qualified for the NCAA Tournament, losing in the Sweet Sixteen to St. Joseph's. At the conclusion of the season, Paul was named ACC Rookie of the Year and Third Team All-ACC. For two weeks early in Paul's sophomore season, Wake Forest was ranked number one in the nation for the first time in","title":"Chris Paul"},{"psg_id":"18948032","text":"commenting on this point, notes: Hiriyanna expresses his perplexity in reviewing the Nyaya-Vaisesika view of consciousness, and then comes out with a comment equating this view with the Charvaka view of consciousness: What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy is a 1976 book by Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya. Explaining the relationship between the soul and consciousness in the Nyaya-Vaisesika philosophy, Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya makes three points. First, consciousness in this view is knowledge (jnana) in an empirical sense. Second, consciousness is one of the multiple qualities of the soul. Third,","title":"What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy"},{"psg_id":"14428384","text":"Chris Maskery Christopher Paul Maskery (born 25 September 1964) is an English former footballer who played in the Football League for Stoke City. Maskery played for Stoke City from 1982 to 1987 where he made 107 appearances scoring five goals. His career was ended after he swallowed his tongue whilst playing for Stafford Rangers. Maskery was born in Stoke-on-Trent and played for the youth team of his local club Stoke City turning professional in 1982. He made his debut away at Coventry City in December 1982. He forced his way into the first team in 1983–84 and was a regular","title":"Chris Maskery"},{"psg_id":"2966075","text":"What Is Art? What is Art? ( \"Chto takoye iskusstvo?\") is a book by Leo Tolstoy. It was completed in Russian in 1897 but first published in English due to difficulties with the Russian censors. Tolstoy cites the time, effort, public funds, and public respect spent on art and artists as well as the imprecision of general opinions on art as reason for writing the book. In his words, \"it is difficult to say what is meant by art, and especially what is good, useful art, art for the sake of which we might condone such sacrifices as are being","title":"What Is Art?"},{"psg_id":"19636666","text":"Gear\" website. He has since \"said goodbye\" to his \"Chris Harris on Cars\" YouTube channel, as he is \"really busy\" with his new shows. Chris Harris on Cars Chris Harris on Cars is a British-American motoring television series, presented by Chris Harris, and broadcast by BBC America from July 11, 2016. It is a spinoff show to \"Top Gear\", and is also a television rebooted series of YouTube motoring series \"Chris Harris on Cars\". The series concluded on August 22, 2016 and was replaced by \"Top Gear America\" in 2017. In July 2016, it was announced that \"Top Gear\" presenter","title":"Chris Harris on Cars"},{"psg_id":"19636664","text":"Chris Harris on Cars Chris Harris on Cars is a British-American motoring television series, presented by Chris Harris, and broadcast by BBC America from July 11, 2016. It is a spinoff show to \"Top Gear\", and is also a television rebooted series of YouTube motoring series \"Chris Harris on Cars\". The series concluded on August 22, 2016 and was replaced by \"Top Gear America\" in 2017. In July 2016, it was announced that \"Top Gear\" presenter Chris Harris would be broadcast on BBC America, starting on July 11, 2016. The show features the same title as Harris' YouTube channel. BBC","title":"Chris Harris on Cars"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16876414\",\n \"text\": \"Chris Farlowe and Paul Rodgers.\\\" All songs by Jackie Lomax, except where noted. Side one Side two Tracks 1–12 as per original UK release, with the following bonus tracks: Tracks 1–12 as per original UK release, with the following bonus tracks: Digital downloads Is This What You Want? Is This What You Want? is the debut album by English rock and soul singer Jackie Lomax, released in 1969 on the Beatles' Apple record label. It is notable for the involvement of three Beatles: It was produced by George Harrison and features contributions from Harrison, Paul McCartney and Ringo Starr. The\",\n \"title\": \"Is This What You Want?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17172980\",\n \"text\": \"Diego, California. All events are held at the University of California-San Diego in RIMAC Arena. Campers spend the days working on skill development and technique enhancement and stay in the University dorms overnight. The camp provides meals, supervision, a CP3 wristband, a team photo, a personal photo with Chris Paul, medical care, and a certificate of participation. The cost of the overnight camp is $1,050. The Elite Guard Camp is an invitation only camp to the top high school and college point guards from around the United States. The camp is held in Winston-Salem, North Carolina and is a three-day\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Paul Camps\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5616995\",\n \"text\": \"What Is and What Should Never Be \\\"What Is and What Should Never Be\\\" is a song by English rock band Led Zeppelin. It was written by Jimmy Page and Robert Plant and was included as the second track on \\\"Led Zeppelin II\\\" (1969). \\\"What is and What Should Never Be\\\" was one of the first songs on which Page used his soon-to-become trademark Gibson Les Paul for recording. The production makes liberal use of stereo as the guitars pan back and forth between channels. Robert Plant's vocals were phased during the verses. Record producer Rick Rubin has remarked, \\\"The\",\n \"title\": \"What Is and What Should Never Be\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5919702\",\n \"text\": \"What Is Literature? What Is Literature? (), also published as \\\"Literature and Existentialism\\\",) is an essay by French philosopher and novelist Jean-Paul Sartre, published by Gallimard in 1948. Initially published in freestanding essays across French literary journals \\\"Les Temps modernes\\\", \\\"Situations I\\\" and \\\"Situations II\\\", essays \\\"What is Writing?\\\" and \\\"Why Write?\\\" were translated into English and published by the Paris-based literary journal Transition 1948. The English translation by Bernard Frechtman was published in 1950. Sartre attempts to devise an understanding of the effect literature has on those who are subjected to it. In the foreword Sartre addresses his critics\",\n \"title\": \"What Is Literature?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2966094\",\n \"text\": \"in Tolstoy and his problems: essays. London: Grant Richards. pp. 66–101. Maude, Aylmer (1901b). “\\\"What is Art?\\\" - Tolstoy’s Theory of Art”, in Tolstoy and his problems: essays. London: Grant Richards. pp. 102–127. Noyes, George (1918). Tolstoy. London: Duffield. Pevear, Richard (1995). \\\"Preface\\\" in Tolstoy, Leo (1995 [1897]). \\\"What is Art?\\\" (Translated by Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky). London: Penguin. Simmons, Ernest (1973). \\\"What is Art?\\\", in Tolstoy. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. pp. 175–189. What Is Art? What is Art? ( \\\"Chto takoye iskusstvo?\\\") is a book by Leo Tolstoy. It was completed in Russian in 1897 but first\",\n \"title\": \"What Is Art?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7715503\",\n \"text\": \"Players Association, giving a strong recommendation to the executive committee responsible for filling the position. Chris Paul Christopher Emmanuel Paul (born May 6, 1985) is an American professional basketball player for the Houston Rockets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He has won the NBA Rookie of the Year Award, an NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award, two Olympic gold medals, and led the NBA in assists four times and steals six times. He has also been selected to nine NBA All-Star teams, eight All-NBA teams, and nine NBA All-Defensive teams. Paul was a McDonald's All-American in high school.\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Paul\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7715467\",\n \"text\": \"Chris Paul Christopher Emmanuel Paul (born May 6, 1985) is an American professional basketball player for the Houston Rockets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He has won the NBA Rookie of the Year Award, an NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award, two Olympic gold medals, and led the NBA in assists four times and steals six times. He has also been selected to nine NBA All-Star teams, eight All-NBA teams, and nine NBA All-Defensive teams. Paul was a McDonald's All-American in high school. He attended Wake Forest University for two years of college basketball, where he helped the\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Paul\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17172979\",\n \"text\": \"fundamentals and advance technique while participating in games, contest, and fun activities. All campers receive a T-shirt. Campers have the opportunity to develop their skills through the instruction of college and professional coaches and also through Chris himself. The youth camp is a through day event where campers will develop basic fundamentals and work on technique advancement. This camp is open to youth ages 8 to 16 and all campers receive a T-shirt and a photo with Chris Paul. The CP3 overnight camp is offered to young athletes ages 10 to 17. This is a four-day event located in San\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Paul Camps\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20362344\",\n \"text\": \"on the 2008 Olympic Gold Medal team. In the summer of 2012, James and Wade teamed up on the Miami Heat. They won 2 NBA Titles with the Miami Heat. Chris Bosh was also a member of this team, forming what many referred to as the \\\"Big Three\\\". In the summer of 2016, Wade posted on Snapchat that ‘The Banana Boys are reunited.' Snapchat gave the group their own \\\"Banana Boys\\\" Snapchat filter. That same year, James expressed great interest in forming the superteam in Los Angeles with the Lakers. Chris Paul also expressed interest in forming the team. LeBron\",\n \"title\": \"Banana Boat Team\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18518813\",\n \"text\": \"What Is Love (TV series) What Is Love () is a 2012 Taiwanese romantic-comedy television series. The television drama was produced by Bethel Video Productions Ltd, starring Wu Kang-jen and Jade Chou. The shooting began on April 9, 2012, and first aired on July 20, 2012 on TTV. Thirty-two-year-old Li Yi Hua (Jade Chou) is longing for a romantic relationship and wants to marry a good man. Along comes Bai Zong You (Chris Wu), who breaks women's hearts with one-night stands. Bai Zong You sets his sights on wooing Li Yi Hua next. What she doesn't know is that she\",\n \"title\": \"What Is Love (TV series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5919707\",\n \"text\": \"The art of writing is deeply linked to freedom and thus ventures into the fields of politics and democracy. The poet frees himself by disassociation, and the prose writer fulfills a duty to utilize language for the end of a conceived free society. What Is Literature? What Is Literature? (), also published as \\\"Literature and Existentialism\\\",) is an essay by French philosopher and novelist Jean-Paul Sartre, published by Gallimard in 1948. Initially published in freestanding essays across French literary journals \\\"Les Temps modernes\\\", \\\"Situations I\\\" and \\\"Situations II\\\", essays \\\"What is Writing?\\\" and \\\"Why Write?\\\" were translated into English and\",\n \"title\": \"What Is Literature?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7715481\",\n \"text\": \"Paul would leave the franchise via free agency, began actively pursuing a trade that would provide the team equitable compensation in return for his services. On December 8, 2011, the Hornets agreed to a three-team trade sending Paul to the Los Angeles Lakers. The NBA, who owned the team at the time, nullified the deal, with commissioner David Stern claiming New Orleans would be better off keeping Paul. The teams involved in the trade attempted to lobby the league to reverse its ruling and reconstruct the deal to no avail. On December 12, the Hornets agreed to a trade sending\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Paul\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14219946\",\n \"text\": \"What She Is (Is a Woman in Love) \\\"What She Is (Is a Woman in Love)\\\" is a song written by Bob McDill and Paul Harrison and recorded by American country music artist Earl Thomas Conley. It was released in February 1988 as the lead single from the album, \\\"The Heart of It All\\\". The song was Earl Thomas Conley's fifteenth number one on the country chart. The single went to number one for one week and spent a total of thirteen weeks on the country chart. \\\"What She Is (Is a Woman in Love)\\\" debuted on the U.S. \\\"Billboard\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"What She Is (Is a Woman in Love)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10270194\",\n \"text\": \"director and friend Chris Robinson. On June 12, the video was made available on iTunes. The video premiered MTV's \\\"TRL\\\" on June 14, 2007. The video features cameo appearances from B.G., Kymani Marley, and P$C. You Know What It Is \\\"You Know What It Is\\\" is a song by American hip hop recording artist T.I., released July 10, 2007, as the second single from his fifth studio album \\\"T.I. vs. T.I.P.\\\" (2007). The song was produced by Jerry \\\"Wonda\\\" Duplessis and Wyclef Jean, the latter of whom contributes vocals throughout the track. It debuted at #73 on Billboard's R&B/Hip Hop\",\n \"title\": \"You Know What It Is\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14219947\",\n \"text\": \"Hot Country Singles for the week of March 12, 1988. What She Is (Is a Woman in Love) \\\"What She Is (Is a Woman in Love)\\\" is a song written by Bob McDill and Paul Harrison and recorded by American country music artist Earl Thomas Conley. It was released in February 1988 as the lead single from the album, \\\"The Heart of It All\\\". The song was Earl Thomas Conley's fifteenth number one on the country chart. The single went to number one for one week and spent a total of thirteen weeks on the country chart. \\\"What She Is\",\n \"title\": \"What She Is (Is a Woman in Love)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3452966\",\n \"text\": \"and Chris Hutchinson on several tracks. Jack Irons later rejoined the Red Hot Chili Peppers in 1987, but would then leave the next year due to Hillel Slovak’s death via a heroin overdose. Alain Johannes, Natasha Shneider, and Jack Irons later formed the band Eleven. Jack Irons would later leave Eleven midway through the recording of their third album to join Pearl Jam (with whom he recorded two albums) only to later rejoin Eleven in time for their fifth album. Eleven disbanded after the death of Natasha Schneider. Both Johannes and Irons are now a part of Spinnerette. What Is\",\n \"title\": \"What Is This?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9771746\",\n \"text\": \"What You Get Is What You See \\\"What You Get Is What You See\\\" is a song by recording artist Tina Turner from her album \\\"Break Every Rule\\\" (1986). The song was written by the Terry Britten and Graham Lyle team and was notably different from the three previous singles that they had written for Turner, \\\"What's Love Got to Do with It\\\", \\\"We Don't Need Another Hero\\\" and \\\"Two People\\\", as it was an up-tempo country-tinged rock track featuring Eric Clapton on guitars. Tina Turner said in an interview that \\\"What You Get Is What You See\\\" is her\",\n \"title\": \"What You Get Is What You See\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6343445\",\n \"text\": \"other beauty treatments, raising money for BBC Children In Need. Christopher supports a large number of charities in the U.K. In 2009, he also played in a team against Morecambe Football Club for a friendly game, he is currently training as a mixed martial artist at the Kaobon gym in Liverpool whose fighters include Ultimate Fighting Championship alumni Terry Etim, Paul Kelly, Paul Taylor, Paul Sass and Mark Scanlon. Chris operates a number of successful business in the social housing and private healthcare sectors. Chris Perry-Metcalf Christopher \\\"Chris\\\" Perry-Metcalf (born 11 January 1989) is a former child actor who is\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Perry-Metcalf\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4464522\",\n \"text\": \"with boiling liquid. Doherty said they \\\"just wanted some cool imagery\\\". The art direction and design were done by P.R. Brown, who also did the photography with Kris McCaddon. Initial pressings of the album contained a demo version of \\\"What It Is to Burn\\\", produced by Chris Fuderich. It was replaced on later pressings with a re-recorded version, produced by Trombino. These later pressings were available from June onwards. The UK edition, released on June 2, included an acoustic version of \\\"Letters to You\\\" and the demo of \\\"What It Is to Burn\\\" as bonus tracks. Following the album's release,\",\n \"title\": \"What It Is to Burn\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7432168\",\n \"text\": \"a \\\"juddering rave anthem\\\". On 14 July 2002, the \\\"Pure Trance Original\\\" was incorporated into DJ John Digweed's set at Fatboy Slim's free Brighton beach show, where it was played to a live audience of approximately 150,000 people and relayed to viewers of television channel E4. Digweed's set showcased the origins of trance music, with \\\"What Time Is Love?\\\" used alongside Underworld's \\\"Dark & Long\\\" and Paul Oakenfold's \\\"Perfecto Mix\\\" of U2's \\\"Even Better Than the Real Thing\\\". British band Kaiser Chiefs covered \\\"What Time Is Love?\\\" on 14 February 2006 on BBC Radio 1. At the end of the\",\n \"title\": \"What Time Is Love?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12715772\",\n \"text\": \"in 1996. The biography has been extensively reviewed: the reviewers include Paul Theroux, who wrote an earlier book about Naipaul. The biography was selected by the editors of the \\\"New York Times Book Review\\\" as one of the \\\"Times\\\"' \\\"10 Best Books of 2008\\\". It won the 2008 National Book Critics Circle Award in Biography, and the British literary award the Hawthornden Prize. The World Is What It Is The World Is What It Is: The Authorized Biography of V. S. Naipaul is a biography of the Nobel Prize-winning author V. S. Naipaul by Patrick French. It was published in\",\n \"title\": \"The World Is What It Is\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20362348\",\n \"text\": \"Andre Iguodola. This group is referred to as the Hampton's Five. They have won 3 NBA Titles. Cavaliers- LeBron James, Kyrie Irving, and Kevin Love. Rockets- Chris Paul, James Harden, and Carmelo Anthony, 76ers- Joel Embiid, Ben Simmons, and Jimmy Butler. Banana Boat Team The Banana Boat Team or Banana Boat Crew is a hypothetical pop culture NBA superteam, consisting of LeBron James, Dwyane Wade, Carmelo Anthony, and Chris Paul. The Banana Boat team first formed after a photo surfaced of James, Wade, Paul, and Wade's wife Gabrielle Union on vacation in 2015. Anthony, while not featured in the picture,\",\n \"title\": \"Banana Boat Team\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16876404\",\n \"text\": \"Billy Preston, but author John Winn states that this is incorrect, given the playing styles heard on the recording and Lomax's subsequent comments. Winn credits Harrison for one of the guitar parts, while Lomax stated that he was also accompanied by his live band at the time: Tim Renwick, Chris Hatfield, Billy Kinsley and Pete Clark. Lomax recorded a version of Leiber and Stoller's \\\"Thumbin' a Ride\\\" on 11 March, as the B-side to \\\"New Day\\\" in America. \\\"Thumbin' a Ride\\\" was produced by Paul McCartney and featured him on drums, along with Harrison (guitars), Preston (piano and organ) and\",\n \"title\": \"Is This What You Want?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7715500\",\n \"text\": \"thankful for what we receive.\\\" He enjoys bowling and owns a franchise in the Professional Bowlers Association (PBA) League called L.A.X. He has hosted and participated in numerous celebrity and youth bowling events as the head of the CP3 Foundation, which benefits programs in Louisiana affected by Hurricane Katrina, as well as charities in Winston-Salem. In 2018, Paul purchased a minority ownership stake in the Winston-Salem Dash, a minor league baseball team located in his hometown. Paul's brother, C.J., played college basketball at Hampton University and University of South Carolina Upstate. In 2004, they played against each other when Wake\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Paul\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13396846\",\n \"text\": \"fellow professional player, Shokat Ali. Chris supports his local football, team Accrington Stanley. Chris married his long term girlfriend Emily Heardman on August 13, 2016 and they are expecting their first baby in July. Chris Norbury Christopher \\\"Chris\\\" Norbury (born 14 August 1986) is an English former professional snooker player. He began his professional career by playing Challenge Tour in 2003, at the time the second-level professional tour. Norbury first entered Main Tour for the 2005/06 season, after finishing the 2004/05 Challenge Tour Rankings on the rank 5. He played in the latter stages of the Paul Hunter Classic in\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Norbury\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16876391\",\n \"text\": \"Is This What You Want? Is This What You Want? is the debut album by English rock and soul singer Jackie Lomax, released in 1969 on the Beatles' Apple record label. It is notable for the involvement of three Beatles: It was produced by George Harrison and features contributions from Harrison, Paul McCartney and Ringo Starr. The album includes Lomax's debut single for Apple, the Harrison-written \\\"Sour Milk Sea\\\", while the US version added \\\"New Day\\\", which was produced by Lomax and released as a non-album single in Britain. The recording sessions for \\\"Is This What You Want?\\\" began in\",\n \"title\": \"Is This What You Want?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6038038\",\n \"text\": \"Love\\\" was directed by German music video director Volker Hannwacker. It features Haddaway performing in an old castle, surrounded by vampire-like dominatrices. \\\"What is Love\\\" experienced a revival as the song from the \\\"Saturday Night Live\\\" \\\"Roxbury Guys\\\" sketches (later expanded into a movie called \\\"A Night at the Roxbury\\\"), where two brothers (played by Chris Kattan and Will Ferrell) frequently went to dance clubs with a third person (including actors such as Sylvester Stallone and Jim Carrey), credited as \\\"Barhop\\\". It was also used in the 2013 video game \\\"Saints Row IV\\\" and included as one of the tracks\",\n \"title\": \"What Is Love\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7715470\",\n \"text\": \"them in various youth leagues throughout their childhoods. Growing up, the Paul brothers spent their summers working at a service station owned by their grandfather Nathanial Jones, to whom Paul attributes many life lessons, and describes as his \\\"best friend\\\". One of Paul's uncles is a police officer. Paul attended West Forsyth High School in Clemmons, North Carolina. During his freshman and sophomore seasons, he played on the junior varsity team. For his junior year, he averaged 25 points, 5.3 assists, and 4.4 steals per game, helping West Forsyth reach the state semifinals. Over the ensuing summer, he led the\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Paul\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8742225\",\n \"text\": \"of Amy. One where she is in a giant, tall green dress. Another shot shows a black & white close up of Amy in a very retro-mod hair style. Remixes (feat. Chris Cox) – EP U.S. Promotional A&M CD Single U.S. Myrrh promotional CD single U.K. retail single That's What Love Is For \\\"That's What Love Is For\\\" is a 1991 Billboard Adult Contemporary chart #1 hit single and a Billboard Hot 100 top 10 single by Christian music singer Amy Grant. It was the third pop single off her 5x platinum selling album Heart in Motion and the only\",\n \"title\": \"That's What Love Is For\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7715469\",\n \"text\": \"City\\\". In 2017, he was traded to the Houston Rockets, and helped the team win a franchise-record 65 games in his debut season. Off the court, Paul has served as the National Basketball Players Association president since August 2013. One of the highest-paid athletes in the world, he holds endorsement deals with companies such as Nike and State Farm. Paul was born on May 6, 1985, in Winston-Salem, North Carolina to Charles Edward Paul and Robin Jones. He has an older brother named Charles \\\"C.J.\\\" Paul. A former athlete himself, Charles Sr. taught his sons basketball and football and coached\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Paul\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11850281\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"shaky at best.\\\" In reviewing this book, \\\"The Guardian\\\" called it \\\"the most comprehensive independent analysis of the state of knowledge about Iraq's weapons programmes until the new team of inspectors went back.\\\" Along with another book published by Context Books, The New York Times singled out \\\"War on Iraq: What Team Bush Doesn't Want You to Know\\\" as an anti-war book that \\\"emerged from, and then codified opposition to the war in Iraq.\\\" War on Iraq: What Team Bush Doesn't Want You to Know War on Iraq: What Team Bush Doesn't Want You to Know is short book, written\",\n \"title\": \"War on Iraq: What Team Bush Doesn't Want You to Know\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13945141\",\n \"text\": \"Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament The Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament was a professional wrestling tag team single-elimination tournament held by the Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) promotion in 2005. It was held to honor the TNA wrestler Chris Candido, who died in April 2005 as a result of acute pneumonia. It is the only edition held as of 2019 despite it being announced as an annual event. The competition began on August 16, 2005 and concluded on August 16, 2005 at the tapings of TNA's television program \\\"TNA Impact!\\\". It was broadcast from the August 19 to\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19787279\",\n \"text\": \"Chris Cargo Christopher \\\"Chris\\\" Cargo (born 18 February 1986) is an Irish field hockey player who plays as a forward or midfielder for English club Hampstead & Westminster and the Irish national team. He competed for the Ireland men's national field hockey team at the 2016 Summer Olympics. He came to Irish international attention with a fine performance in the 2009 interprovincial tournament as a last-minute call-up for Ulster. He impressed enough to make his Irish debut just three months later – on the same day as Paul Gleghorne – and never looked back, becoming a central panel member in\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Cargo\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16722062\",\n \"text\": \"BMW Asia) at Circuit Paul Ricard, finishing tenth and ninth respectively. On 20 August 2012 Vlok replaced injured Luca Orlandi for Team West-Tec at round six of the 2012 European F3 Open at the Hungaroring, finishing fifth and eleventh in class respectively. Vlok drove for Team West-Tec in the national class in the 2013 British Formula 3 championship in a 2012 Dallara-Toyota. He achieved eight podiums, and won the penultimate event of the year at the Nurburgring. Chris Vlok Chris Vlok (born 17 September 1992) is a professional racing driver from New Zealand. Vlok began racing in 2008 at the\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Vlok\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7715473\",\n \"text\": \"school history. In the final game of the year, Paul punched NC State guard Julius Hodge in the groin and received a one-game suspension for the ACC Tournament, an incident that marred Paul's image for a short time. The Demon Deacons again qualified for the NCAA Tournament but suffered a second round upset at the hands of West Virginia. With final averages of 15.3 points, 4.5 rebounds, 6.6 assists, and 2.4 steals per game, Paul was eventually named First Team Consensus All-America, and with a 3.21 grade point average (GPA), he was also named to ESPN's Academic All-America Team. On\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Paul\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7715502\",\n \"text\": \"companies he does business with are Nike and State Farm. He was the cover athlete for the video game NBA 2K8. Paul was selected president of the National Basketball Players Association on August 21, 2013, after having served on the executive committee for four years. He was a key figure in the banning of Clippers owner Donald Sterling from the NBA following racist remarks Sterling made in 2014. In one interview, Paul mentioned a possible boycott if Sterling continued to own the team. Paul played a significant role in the election of Michele Roberts as the Executive Director of the\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Paul\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15983627\",\n \"text\": \"of a superior, and the hellish nature of the task that the narrator is performing and its effect upon him. Much of the collection contains a series of grim and brooding passages. Paul Gray, a contributor of \\\"Time\\\" called Levine's narrators “guerrillas, trapped in an endless battle long after the war is lost.” This may refer to instances where Levine recalls his childhood hometown of Detroit. Yet others, such as Marie Borroff, suggest that Levine's work is joyful despite its painful material. Initial reviews for \\\"What Work Is\\\" praised Levine for his working-class subject matter, which represented a marked change\",\n \"title\": \"What Work Is\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7715483\",\n \"text\": \"Blake Griffin later commenting, \\\"It put us on the map.\\\" Early in Paul's debut season, the team developed a reputation for their fast-paced offense and spectacular alley-oop dunks, usually from Paul to Griffin or DeAndre Jordan, earning them the nickname \\\"Lob City\\\". Paul finished the year averaging 19.8 points, 9.1 assists, and 2.5 steals per game, becoming the first Clipper to be named to the All-NBA First Team since the franchise moved to Los Angeles in the 1980s. Behind his play and the emergence of Griffin as an All-NBA performer, Los Angeles qualified for the playoffs, losing to the San\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Paul\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13945142\",\n \"text\": \"September 9 episodes of \\\"Impact!\\\". It was known by various names: 2005 Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament, The Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament, and The Chris Candido Cup Tournament. The concept of the tournament was to have eight teams consisting of one veteran wrestler and one rookie wrestler competing against each other to gain entry into a Four Way Elimination Tag Team match for the NWA World Tag Team Championship at TNA's Unbreakable PPV event on September 11. The tournament featured sixteen TNA wrestlers: Abyss, Shark Boy, Alex Shelley, Sean Waltman, B.G. James, Cassidy Reilly, Chris Sabin, Shocker,\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10002064\",\n \"text\": \"Chris Whitten Chris Whitten (born 26 March 1959) is a British session drummer who provided drums for the hit singles \\\"What I Am\\\" by Edie Brickell & New Bohemians, \\\"World Shut your Mouth\\\" by Julian Cope and \\\"The Whole of the Moon\\\" by The Waterboys. Two critically acclaimed projects that Whitten was the drummer for were Paul McCartney's \\\"Flowers In The Dirt\\\" album in 1989, and Dire Straits final world tour from 1991-1992 to accompany their last studio album, \\\"On Every Street\\\". He also played drums on some tracks of the album \\\"Titanic\\\" (1982) by the Italian songwriter Francesco De\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Whitten\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9406939\",\n \"text\": \"What Is the What What Is the What: The Autobiography of Valentino Achak Deng is a 2006 novel written by Dave Eggers. It is based on the life of Valentino Achak Deng, a Sudanese child refugee who immigrated to the United States under the Lost Boys of Sudan program. It was a finalist for the National Book Award. As a boy, Achak is separated from his family during the Second Sudanese Civil War when the Arab militia, referred to as \\\"murahaleen\\\" (which is Arabic for the deported), wipes out his Dinka village, Marial Bai. During the assault, he loses sight\",\n \"title\": \"What Is the What\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9406947\",\n \"text\": \"That Happens Will Happen Today\\\". Tom Tykwer plans to adapt the novel into a film. In 2009, the novel received the Prix Médicis étranger in France. What Is the What What Is the What: The Autobiography of Valentino Achak Deng is a 2006 novel written by Dave Eggers. It is based on the life of Valentino Achak Deng, a Sudanese child refugee who immigrated to the United States under the Lost Boys of Sudan program. It was a finalist for the National Book Award. As a boy, Achak is separated from his family during the Second Sudanese Civil War when\",\n \"title\": \"What Is the What\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17979976\",\n \"text\": \"toward women at a bar near campus. A Bowling Green alumnus recorded Jans on his cell phone, and was so outraged by what he saw that he reported the incident to school officials. Following an internal investigation, Bowling Green fired Jans for violating a morals clause in his contract. Chris Jans Christopher Paul Jans (born April 12, 1969) is an American college basketball head coach for New Mexico State. He was hired on April 17, 2017 replacing Paul Weir. Jans is a graduate of Loras College, and hails from Fairbank, Iowa. Prior to New Mexico State, Jans was hired by\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Jans\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18331265\",\n \"text\": \"in previous years. After winning Chris joined his brother in the Barber Dodge Pro Series for 1999 as his engineer. Jeff Simmons won the championship and graduated into Indy Lights in 2000. Chris was again his engineer at Team Green. Simmons would remain at Andretti Autosport while his brother moved on to other teams. Simmons was an assistant engineer to Tony Kanaan and Paul Tracy. As of November 2003 Simmons is a race engineer at Chip Ganassi Racing. Chris Simmons (racing driver) Chris Simmons (Hartford, Connecticut, 1 May 1973) is a former racing driver who competed in USF2000 and Indy\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Simmons (racing driver)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11248075\",\n \"text\": \"Here Is What Is Here Is What Is is the fifth studio album by Canadian songwriter and record producer Daniel Lanois. It was first released in December 2007 as a high-quality download, and later released on CD on March 18, 2008. The album is the result of the same project that led to the 2007 documentary \\\"Here Is What Is\\\" that premiered at the 2007 Toronto International Film Festival in September. The movie documents the aesthetics and creative process behind Lanois' approach to music making and recording. The album has been presented as a direct soundtrack to this film, and\",\n \"title\": \"Here Is What Is\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19769170\",\n \"text\": \"You'll Never Know What You're Missing \\\"You'll Never Know What You're Missing\\\" was the third hit for The Real Thing who already had had two major hits with \\\"You To Me Are Everything\\\" and \\\"Can't Get By Without You\\\" The song was written by Chris and Eddie Amoo. It was produced by Chris, Eddie and Dennis Weinreich for Tony Hall productions. The strings were arranged by Paul Buckmeister. The B side of the single was \\\"Love Is A Playgoun\\\", also written by the Amoo's. They also co-produced it with Dennis Weinreich, and the strings and brass were arranged by Ian\",\n \"title\": \"You'll Never Know What You're Missing\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14852822\",\n \"text\": \"Chris Antonetti Chris Antonetti is the current President of the Cleveland Indians. Antonetti is a graduate of Georgetown University and University of Massachusetts Amherst. He worked in the front office of the Montreal Expos in 1998. He has worked for the Indians since 1999. Before the 2010 season, Executive VP/GM Mark Shapiro announced his promotion to team General Manager at season's end, with chairman/CEO Paul Dolan naming Antonetti as Shapiro's successor. The promotion was finalized at the end of the 2010 season. On October 6, 2015, the Cleveland Indians announced they had promoted Antonetti to President of Baseball Operations and\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Antonetti\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7715489\",\n \"text\": \"second time he failed to make an All-NBA team since 2008 and the first time in his six years as a Clipper. In the playoffs, Los Angeles was eliminated after their first round series against the Utah Jazz, with Paul averaging 25.3 points, 9.9 assists, 5 rebounds per game over seven games. On June 28, 2017, Paul was traded to the Houston Rockets in exchange for Patrick Beverley, Sam Dekker, Montrezl Harrell, Darrun Hilliard, DeAndre Liggins, Lou Williams, Kyle Wiltjer, a future first round pick, and cash considerations. In his debut for the Rockets in their season opener on October\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Paul\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8428667\",\n \"text\": \"commercial obscurity\\\", and \\\"Calgary Herald\\\" critic James Muretich calling the album \\\"more tortured, timeless tunes of sex, drugs and rock 'n' roll by Canada's subculture answer to Ray Davies, Leonard Cohen and Paul Westerberg\\\". It won the Juno Award for Best Alternative Album in 1996. Bergmann followed up with \\\"Design Flaw\\\", an album of rerecorded versions of songs from his earlier albums, in 1998, but did not record another full-length album of new material until \\\"The Apostate\\\" in 2016. What Fresh Hell Is This? What Fresh Hell is This? is the fourth studio album by Art Bergmann, released in 1995\",\n \"title\": \"What Fresh Hell Is This?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20904471\",\n \"text\": \"motherly love.\\\" What Is Love? (Clean Bandit album) What Is Love? is the second studio album by British electronic music group Clean Bandit. It was released on 30 November 2018 by Atlantic Records. It includes the singles \\\"Tears\\\" (featuring Louisa Johnson), \\\"Rockabye\\\" (featuring Sean Paul and Anne-Marie), \\\"Symphony\\\" (featuring Zara Larsson), \\\"I Miss You\\\" (featuring Julia Michaels), \\\"Solo\\\" (featuring Demi Lovato) and \\\"Baby\\\" (featuring Marina and Luis Fonsi). In addition, the album also features collaborations with Ellie Goulding, Rita Ora, Bhad Bhabie, Charli XCX and Tove Styrke. Speaking about the gap between albums, bassist and saxophone player Jack Patterson told\",\n \"title\": \"What Is Love? (Clean Bandit album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20904467\",\n \"text\": \"What Is Love? (Clean Bandit album) What Is Love? is the second studio album by British electronic music group Clean Bandit. It was released on 30 November 2018 by Atlantic Records. It includes the singles \\\"Tears\\\" (featuring Louisa Johnson), \\\"Rockabye\\\" (featuring Sean Paul and Anne-Marie), \\\"Symphony\\\" (featuring Zara Larsson), \\\"I Miss You\\\" (featuring Julia Michaels), \\\"Solo\\\" (featuring Demi Lovato) and \\\"Baby\\\" (featuring Marina and Luis Fonsi). In addition, the album also features collaborations with Ellie Goulding, Rita Ora, Bhad Bhabie, Charli XCX and Tove Styrke. Speaking about the gap between albums, bassist and saxophone player Jack Patterson told \\\"Fault\\\" magazine\",\n \"title\": \"What Is Love? (Clean Bandit album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19267806\",\n \"text\": \"What It Is! (Kahil El'Zabar album) What It Is! is an album by American jazz percussionist Kahil El'Zabar, which was recorded in 2012 and released on Delmark. It was the debut of a quartet comprising three young players from the school of Chicago's AACM: tenor saxophonist Kevin Nabors, pianist Justin Dillard and bassist Junius Paul. The album includes five originals and two jazz standards by John Coltrane: \\\"Impressions\\\" and \\\"Central Park West\\\". The \\\"Down Beat\\\" review by John Murph states \\\"Kahil El’Zabar moves toward the center this time around and releases one of his most accessible discs yet. The adventurous\",\n \"title\": \"What It Is! (Kahil El'Zabar album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11340469\",\n \"text\": \"Paul Flemming Paul Flemming (born October 8, 1968 in Halifax, Nova Scotia) is a Canadian curler. Flemming's junior team had a stellar record, yet failed to win the Nova Scotia Junior Men's Championship, losing 4 provincial finals. In 1987 The team of Paul Flemming, Mike Mawhinney, Glen MacLeod, and Chris Oxner represented Nova Scotia at Canada Winter Games, in Sydney, Nova Scotia. After finishing with an undefeated record in the round robin, including a convincing victory over Ontario's Wayne Middaugh. A semi-final win followed against Saskatchewan. The Flemming team gained control of the gold medal game against John Boswick of\",\n \"title\": \"Paul Flemming\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14558102\",\n \"text\": \"young talent in sport, music and entertainment by securing representation of defender Daniel Opare, who played for the Ghana national team. In 2010, Nathaniel was instructed by Mumbai entrepreneur Saurin Shah to lodge a £25 million takeover bid for Premier League side Blackburn Rovers. 2015 saw the most expensive African footballer Wilfried Bony and boxing champion Adrien Broner added to Chris Nathaniel’s roster of clients. Chris Nathaniel Chris Nathaniel (born 9 March 1982) is a sports agent and talent manager representing footballers, music artists, actors and models. He founded NVA Entertainment Group in 2005 with his partner Paul Boadi. He\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Nathaniel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13945161\",\n \"text\": \"the company due to management being angered by his failure to participate at Unbreakable. Despite him not showing up to the event, Waltman was in Orlando and dressed to compete, but did not arrive at the arena in time. Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament The Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament was a professional wrestling tag team single-elimination tournament held by the Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) promotion in 2005. It was held to honor the TNA wrestler Chris Candido, who died in April 2005 as a result of acute pneumonia. It is the only edition held as of\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20362343\",\n \"text\": \"Banana Boat Team The Banana Boat Team or Banana Boat Crew is a hypothetical pop culture NBA superteam, consisting of LeBron James, Dwyane Wade, Carmelo Anthony, and Chris Paul. The Banana Boat team first formed after a photo surfaced of James, Wade, Paul, and Wade's wife Gabrielle Union on vacation in 2015. Anthony, while not featured in the picture, was on vacation with them at the time, and is considered the 'fourth member' of the Banana Boat Team. The four NBA superstars have been friends since they were children, and have consistently gone on vacation together. They also played together\",\n \"title\": \"Banana Boat Team\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10111199\",\n \"text\": \"You Don't Know What Love Is \\\"You Don't Know What Love Is\\\" is a popular song of the Great American Songbook, written by Don Raye (lyrics) and Gene de Paul (music) for the Abbott and Costello picture \\\"Keep 'Em Flying\\\" (1941), in which it was sung by Carol Bruce. The number was deleted from the film prior to release. The song was later included in \\\"Behind the Eight Ball\\\" (1942), starring the Ritz Brothers. \\\"You Don't Know What Love Is\\\" was again sung by Carol Bruce; it was her third and final film until the 1980s. After Miles Davis recorded\",\n \"title\": \"You Don't Know What Love Is\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7715495\",\n \"text\": \"was fined a total of $491,782 for his role in the fracas. On December 11, he recorded a triple-double with 11 points, 11 rebounds and 10 assists in a 111–104 win over the Trail Blazers. Paul made his debut for the United States national team at the 2006 FIBA World Championship in Japan. He finished the competition with a tournament-high 44 assists, helping Team USA win the bronze medal. At the 2008 Olympics in Beijing, he played a key role off the bench, scoring 13 points in a gold medal game victory against Spain. Team USA finished the competition with\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Paul\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11276039\",\n \"text\": \"Chris Masten Chris Masten (born 2 May 1989) is an Australian rules footballer playing for the West Coast Eagles in the Australian Football League (AFL). He was chosen as the first round pick (number 3 overall) in the 2007 AFL Draft by the Eagles, the team he had supported as a child. Standing at 179 cm, Masten projects as an inside midfielder in the mould of fellow West Australians Paul Hasleby & Simon Black. Features of his game include clean hands, good vision, courageous attack on the ball and a very large aerobic capacity. Masten showed strong leadership in the\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Masten\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10111200\",\n \"text\": \"the song in the 1950s, it became a jazz standard, with noteworthy recordings by Billie Holiday, Sonny Rollins and many others. You Don't Know What Love Is \\\"You Don't Know What Love Is\\\" is a popular song of the Great American Songbook, written by Don Raye (lyrics) and Gene de Paul (music) for the Abbott and Costello picture \\\"Keep 'Em Flying\\\" (1941), in which it was sung by Carol Bruce. The number was deleted from the film prior to release. The song was later included in \\\"Behind the Eight Ball\\\" (1942), starring the Ritz Brothers. \\\"You Don't Know What Love\",\n \"title\": \"You Don't Know What Love Is\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13945149\",\n \"text\": \"Mikey Batts (young) and Simon Diamond (veteran), and last of all Ron Killings (veteran) and Sonjay Dutt (young). On the August 26 episode of \\\"Impact!\\\", NWA Championship Committee member Larry Zbyszko announced that a Four Way Elimination Tag Team match for the NWA World Tag Team Championship was planned for TNA's Unbreakable PPV event on September 11, in which The Naturals would defend against AMW, Team Canada (A-1 and Eric Young), and the winners of the Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament. The Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament featured seven matches involving different wrestlers from pre-existing scripted feuds and\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7715471\",\n \"text\": \"Winston-Salem-based Kappa Magic to the National U-17 AAU title, earning tournament MVP honors in the process. During his senior season, Paul received national attention for scoring 61 points in a game; his 61-year-old grandfather was slain earlier in the year and Paul honored him by scoring one point for each year of his life. Paul finished the season with averages of 30.8 points, 5.9 rebounds, 9.5 assists, and 6 steals per game, leading West Forsyth to a 27–3 record and the Class 4A Eastern Regional finals. He was then named a McDonald's All-American, first-team \\\"Parade\\\" All-American, and North Carolina's Mr.\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Paul\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11248076\",\n \"text\": \"some of the tracks (\\\"Beauty\\\" and \\\"Chest of Drawers\\\") are conversations with Brian Eno. All songs written by Daniel Lanois unless otherwise noted. \\\"Where Will I Be\\\" is a new version of a song which had been previously released on Emmylou Harris' album \\\"Wrecking Ball\\\" in 1995. \\\"Lovechild\\\" and \\\"Sacred And Secular\\\" tracks incorporates, respectively, the pedal steel guitar melody used in \\\"Carla\\\", on Belladonna album, and the pedal steel guitar melody used in \\\"Transmitter\\\", on Shine album. Here Is What Is Here Is What Is is the fifth studio album by Canadian songwriter and record producer Daniel Lanois. It\",\n \"title\": \"Here Is What Is\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10002066\",\n \"text\": \"drum sample libraries Custom and Vintage SDX and The Classic EZX as well as several others. He toured with The Dire Strait Experience and visited India to perform at a charity event in Gurgaon and Bangalore, India in March 2017 Chris Whitten Chris Whitten (born 26 March 1959) is a British session drummer who provided drums for the hit singles \\\"What I Am\\\" by Edie Brickell & New Bohemians, \\\"World Shut your Mouth\\\" by Julian Cope and \\\"The Whole of the Moon\\\" by The Waterboys. Two critically acclaimed projects that Whitten was the drummer for were Paul McCartney's \\\"Flowers In\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Whitten\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7728590\",\n \"text\": \"it a year later, after completing work on Preston's second Apple album, \\\"Encouraging Words\\\". By May 1970, having recently collaborated with \\\"genuine R&B heavy-weights\\\" such as Doris Troy and Preston, as well as participating in the \\\"blue-eyed soul\\\" Delaney & Bonnie European tour, along with Eric Clapton, the previous December, Harrison was well placed to record \\\"What Is Life\\\", Leng observes. With Phil Spector as co-producer and all the Friends team on hand, the song was among the first tracks taped for Harrison's debut post-Beatles solo album; recording took place at Abbey Road Studios in London, during late May or\",\n \"title\": \"What Is Life\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15509488\",\n \"text\": \"(What Is) Love? \\\"(What Is) Love?\\\" is a song recorded by American entertainer Jennifer Lopez. Originally entitled \\\"What Is Love?\\\", the song appeared on the soundtrack to \\\"The Back-up Plan\\\" (2010), a film in which Lopez stars. The song was later included on Lopez's seventh studio album \\\"Love?\\\" (2011), as the album's title track. \\\"(What Is) Love?\\\" is a midtempo electropop song written by Diana \\\"Wynter\\\" Gordon, with the song's producer Emile \\\"D'Mile\\\" Dernst II. The song is about \\\"not knowing what love is,\\\" according to Gordon. A remix of \\\"(What Is) Love?\\\", entitled \\\"What Is Love? Part II\\\", was\",\n \"title\": \"(What Is) Love?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14558096\",\n \"text\": \"Chris Nathaniel Chris Nathaniel (born 9 March 1982) is a sports agent and talent manager representing footballers, music artists, actors and models. He founded NVA Entertainment Group in 2005 with his partner Paul Boadi. He is a former Choice FM DJ and UK promoter for global acts such as P Diddy, Usher and Lil Wayne. Chris Nathaniel represents television and sport personalities such as Katie Price, Ashley Walters, Paul Ince, and his son Thomas Ince. Kelly Rowland, Usain Bolt and Samuel Eto'o. In 2006 Chris Nathaniel acted as an adviser to the Football Association on the official England World Cup\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Nathaniel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7291024\",\n \"text\": \"in mint condition was worth £60, whereas a mint copy of \\\"1987: The JAMs 45 Edits\\\" was worth a mere £10. 1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?) 1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?) is the debut studio album by British electronic band The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu (the JAMs), later known as the KLF. \\\"1987\\\" was produced using extensive unauthorised samples that plagiarized a wide range of musical works, continuing a theme begun in the JAMs' debut single \\\"All You Need Is Love\\\". These samples provided a deliberately provocative backdrop for beatbox rhythms and cryptic, political raps.\",\n \"title\": \"1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7290993\",\n \"text\": \"1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?) 1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?) is the debut studio album by British electronic band The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu (the JAMs), later known as the KLF. \\\"1987\\\" was produced using extensive unauthorised samples that plagiarized a wide range of musical works, continuing a theme begun in the JAMs' debut single \\\"All You Need Is Love\\\". These samples provided a deliberately provocative backdrop for beatbox rhythms and cryptic, political raps. The album was released to mixed reviews, but was a commercial success. Shortly after independent release in June 1987, the JAMs\",\n \"title\": \"1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7594934\",\n \"text\": \"Harold what he means to them. When Paul rejoins the Dingoes football team after a failed run the previous year, he discovers teammate Nathan Tyson (Luke Hemsworth) is using steroids to bulk up. After alerting Doctor Karl Kennedy (Alan Fletcher), Nathan is dropped and Paul becomes a pariah among the team for blowing the whistle on Nathan. The coach, Pat Miller (Matt Norman), keeps Paul on the bench for the next few games but eventually relents when he is forced to play Paul due to the injury of another player. After Paul scores the winner, he confronts Pat, tells him\",\n \"title\": \"Paul McClain\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7728613\",\n \"text\": \"of \\\"What Is Life\\\" on his 2005 tribute CD \\\"Something for George\\\". \\\"What Is Life\\\" was performed live at George Fest 2014 by \\\"Weird Al\\\" Yankovic. The recording is available on YouTube. The following musicians are believed to have played on \\\"What Is Life\\\": What Is Life \\\"What Is Life\\\" is a song by the English musician George Harrison, released on his 1970 triple album \\\"All Things Must Pass\\\". In many countries, it was issued as the second single from the album, in February 1971, becoming a top-ten hit in the United States, Canada and elsewhere, and topping singles charts\",\n \"title\": \"What Is Life\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11850280\",\n \"text\": \"War on Iraq: What Team Bush Doesn't Want You to Know War on Iraq: What Team Bush Doesn't Want You to Know is short book, written in 2002, by William Rivers Pitt and featuring an extensive interview with former United Nations weapons inspector Scott Ritter. In it Pitt and Ritter examine the Bush administration's justifications for war with Iraq and call for a diplomatic solution instead of war. Ritter argues that Iraq once possessed many unconventional arms but they have either been destroyed or degraded. Therefore, the government's claims that Iraq had vast stockpiles of \\\"weapons of mass destruction\\\" were\",\n \"title\": \"War on Iraq: What Team Bush Doesn't Want You to Know\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8966219\",\n \"text\": \"were not re-recorded for \\\"This Is What You Want...This Is What You Get\\\" (although a remixed version of \\\"Blue Water\\\" was included as the B-side on the \\\"This Is Not a Love Song\\\" 12\\\" single). Songs on \\\"This Is What You Want...This Is What You Get\\\" which did not appear in any form on \\\"Commercial Zone\\\" are \\\"Tie Me to the Length of That\\\", \\\"The Pardon\\\" and \\\"1981\\\", and are the only songs on the album which do not credit Keith Levene as a co-writer. PiL was supposed to score the soundtrack for the 1983 suspense film \\\"Copkiller\\\", starring Harvey\",\n \"title\": \"This Is What You Want... This Is What You Get\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17414673\",\n \"text\": \"extremely positive about \\\"What Love Is Made Of\\\", describing it as \\\"darker than anything\\\" from \\\"On a Mission\\\", while calling it \\\"slinky\\\". The reviewer went on to commend the \\\"irresistibly pouty\\\" chorus. Pitchfork Media's Katherine St. Asaph commented that, in the song, the singer \\\"sound[ed] completely enthralled, by either her lover or the music\\\" and complimented her voice, noting that it seemed \\\"ten times bigger than before\\\". Jordan Sargent of \\\"Spin\\\" magazine called the track \\\"exuberant\\\" and highlighted Katy's vocal performance, which he deemed \\\"typically fantastic\\\", while the team from pop music website Popjustice gave \\\"What Love Is Made Of\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"What Love Is Made Of\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18902288\",\n \"text\": \"Director. Chris Thredgold Chris Thredgold (born 8 May 1971) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Sturt in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL) from 1991 to 2002. He is the co-holder of the record for most years as captain at Sturt, shared with Paul Bagshaw. A reliable full-back, Thredgold was often described as \\\"the heart and soul of the Double Blues\\\". As club captain at the time, Thredgold was controversially omitted from the successful 2002 Grand Final team. In 2014, Thredgold was elected as a board member of the Sturt Football Club in the portfolio of\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Thredgold\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18902287\",\n \"text\": \"Chris Thredgold Chris Thredgold (born 8 May 1971) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Sturt in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL) from 1991 to 2002. He is the co-holder of the record for most years as captain at Sturt, shared with Paul Bagshaw. A reliable full-back, Thredgold was often described as \\\"the heart and soul of the Double Blues\\\". As club captain at the time, Thredgold was controversially omitted from the successful 2002 Grand Final team. In 2014, Thredgold was elected as a board member of the Sturt Football Club in the portfolio of Football\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Thredgold\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14852823\",\n \"text\": \"promoted Assistant General Manager Mike Chernoff to General Manager. Filling Chernoff’s spot as Assistant GM will be Director of Baseball Operations Derek Falvey. Chris Antonetti Chris Antonetti is the current President of the Cleveland Indians. Antonetti is a graduate of Georgetown University and University of Massachusetts Amherst. He worked in the front office of the Montreal Expos in 1998. He has worked for the Indians since 1999. Before the 2010 season, Executive VP/GM Mark Shapiro announced his promotion to team General Manager at season's end, with chairman/CEO Paul Dolan naming Antonetti as Shapiro's successor. The promotion was finalized at the\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Antonetti\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8522066\",\n \"text\": \"Chris Brass Christopher Paul Brass (born 24 July 1975) is an English former professional footballer and manager who was the head coach at League One club Bury. Born in Easington, County Durham, Brass began his career as a schoolboy at Ipswich Town before progressing through the youth system at Burnley as a trainee, where he turned professional on 8 July 1993. In 1994, Brass captained the Burnley A team as it won the Lancashire League. In need of first team experience, he joined Torquay United on loan in October 1994, playing seven league games in a two-month loan spell. Brass\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Brass\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7715499\",\n \"text\": \"Crawley, on September 10, 2011. Together they have two children, Christopher Emmanuel Paul, Jr. (born May 23, 2009) and Camryn Alexis Paul (born August 16, 2012). The family resides in a Mediterranean-style mansion in Bel Air, which Paul bought from Avril Lavigne for $8.5 million in 2012. On November 11, 2011, Paul appeared with his family on Family Feud. Paul is a Christian and attends church every Sunday whenever possible. In one interview, Paul commented, \\\"I am so thankful that my parents raised me and C.J. to depend on God's guidance and our faith in Him, and to always be\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Paul\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"503582\",\n \"text\": \"October 23, 2015, Bill McGuire of Minnesota United FC and former Saint Paul Mayor Chris Coleman announced that a privately financed soccer-specific stadium would be built on the vacant Metro Transit bus barn site in Saint Paul's Midway neighborhood near the intersection of Snelling Avenue and University Avenue. It is midway between downtown Saint Paul and downtown Minneapolis. The stadium will open in 2019 and seat 19,400. The team will play in the MLS in 2017. On May 15, 2018, the Minnesota Whitecaps joined the National Women's Hockey League as their fifth franchise. Founded in 2004, the team originally played\",\n \"title\": \"Saint Paul, Minnesota\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9845587\",\n \"text\": \"on Twitter, leading Canadian political journalist Paul Wells criticised Alexander for distortions of Canadian history and of his own policies, adding that \\\"Chris Alexander's jaw flaps like a barn door and he has no control over what comes out of it\\\" and \\\"if this is what smart gets us in a cabinet minister, I'd gladly trade it in for some stupid.\\\" For the 2015 election, Alexander ran in Ajax, essentially the southern portion of his old riding. He faced Holland in a rematch. During the 2015 election campaign, Alexander was known for toeing the party line, and accepted the position\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Alexander (politician)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8971989\",\n \"text\": \"coach Cam Cameron, who was the head coach at Indiana during Liwienski's senior season in 1997, as well as quarterback Daunte Culpepper, who played with Liwienski in Minnesota from 1999 to 2005. Once again a free agent, Liwienski signed with the Jacksonville Jaguars on July 31, 2008 after they waived rookie quarterback Paul Smith. Liwienski was released on August 25 after the team signed running back Ciatrick Fason. After a life of football, Chris moved to Minnetonka, MN. There he enjoys relaxing with his wife and coaching his two children in various sports. Chris continues to succeed outside of football,\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Liwienski\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7769482\",\n \"text\": \"long term injury to David Lucas. He lost his place in the side following the arrival of England U-21 keeper Scott Carson on loan from Liverpool. Chris did however captain the Sheffield Wednesday reserve team to the title in the Pontins Central Reserve League. Adamson warmed the Wednesday bench for sometime longer after former Owls boss Paul Sturrock secured the services of Australian Brad Jones from Middlesbrough on a three-month loan deal at the beginning of the 2006-07 season. Chris made his first appearance of the season in the League Cup first round at Hillsborough versus League Two side Wrexham,\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Adamson\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6367129\",\n \"text\": \"Chris Coleman (politician) Christopher B. \\\"Chris\\\" Coleman (born September 1, 1961) is an American politician and lawyer who served as the 54th Mayor of Saint Paul, Minnesota between 2006 and 2018. He defeated incumbent mayor Randy Kelly in 2005 and took office on January 3, 2006. He was later succeeded by city councilman Melvin Carter on January 2, 2018 Chris Coleman was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota, as the son of Bridget Finnegan and Nicholas Coleman, Sr., who served as State Senate majority leader from 1973 to 1981. Coleman attended Cretin High School in St. Paul. His brother Nick Coleman\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Coleman (politician)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12639247\",\n \"text\": \"What the Dickens What the Dickens? is a television panel game hosted by Sandi Toksvig. Team captains were Dave Gorman and Tim Brooke-Taylor for the first series and Sue Perkins and Chris Addison for the second and third. It was recorded at Sky Studios in West London. Each team viewed up to three picture clues to help them identify a book, film, play, or musical from the world of fine arts and entertainment, scoring three points if they guessed the correct answer after just one picture clue, two after two, and one after all three were revealed. If they failed\",\n \"title\": \"What the Dickens\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16876393\",\n \"text\": \"demos at the company's original headquarters, on Baker Street in central London.<ref name=\\\"Davis/liner notes\\\">Liner notes by Andy Davis, \\\"Is This What You Want?\\\" CD booklet (Apple/EMI, 2010; produced by George Harrison, Jackie Lomax, Mal Evans & Paul McCartney).</ref> John Lennon was the first to suggest he should consider becoming a solo artist, and with the formation of Apple Records in early 1968, George Harrison committed to producing an album by Lomax on the new label. Lomax later admitted he was concerned that the album might never get made since he was unsure whether Harrison would ever come back from India,\",\n \"title\": \"Is This What You Want?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5500740\",\n \"text\": \"(Works Righteousness). In this view, Paul is arguing against the idea that humans can merit salvation from God by their good works alone (note that the \\\"new\\\" perspective agrees that we cannot merit salvation; the issue is what exactly Paul is addressing). By contrast, new-perspective scholars see Paul as talking about \\\"badges of covenant membership\\\" or criticizing Gentile believers who had begun to rely on the Torah to reckon Jewish kinship. It is argued that in Paul's time, Israelites were being faced with a choice of whether to continue to follow their ancestral customs, the Torah (\\\"the ancestral customs\\\"), or\",\n \"title\": \"New Perspective on Paul\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15509492\",\n \"text\": \"she was dissatisfied with the circumstances, but was in \\\"no way dissing Lopez.\\\" A mastered version of \\\"What Is Love?\\\" was included on the soundtrack to \\\"The Back-up Plan\\\" (2010), a film in which Lopez stars. \\\"What Is Love?\\\" was re-titled as \\\"(What Is) Love?\\\" and appeared on \\\"Love?\\\" (2011). \\\"(What Is) Love?\\\" was due to be released as a promotional single from \\\"Love?\\\" on April 26, 2011, but was \\\"unlocked\\\" and released four days earlier, on April 22, 2011 by through a campaign on Lopez's Facebook page. It was released in many European countries on April 25. The song\",\n \"title\": \"(What Is) Love?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8604154\",\n \"text\": \"championships, winning four USVBA Open team national championships, winning the World Championship and 8 other tournaments on the beach circuit, including the two Manhattans, and a gold medal at the Olympic games. Of them all, what he prized most was winning the Olympic Gold Medal in front of his family and friends at the games held in Los Angeles in 1984. Chris Marlowe Christian \\\"Chris\\\" Marlowe (born September 28, 1951) is an American professional sportscaster who resides in Denver, Colorado. He currently is the play-by-play announcer for the Denver Nuggets of the National Basketball Association in the fall, winter and\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Marlowe\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3657786\",\n \"text\": \"Chris Begg Christopher Stephen Begg (born September 12, 1979 in Uxbridge, Ontario) is a Canadian baseball pitcher. A graduate of Niagara University, Begg was signed as an undrafted free agent by the San Francisco Giants in 2003 after pitching for the St. Paul Saints of the Northern League. He was part of Team Canada in the 2004 Summer Olympics who finished in fourth place. Begg was also named the 2001 MAAC Pitcher of the Year. Chris pitched for Canada in the World Baseball Classic. He was promoted to the AAA affiliate of the Giants, the Fresno Grizzlies. In his first\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Begg\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18518694\",\n \"text\": \"rank of lieutenant in 1919. In 1917, while playing for the Newport Naval Reserve team, he was selected for the All Service teams selected by Paul Purman and \\\"The New York Times\\\". Chris Schlachter Christopher Peter Schlachter (July 17, 1894 – date and year of death unclear) was an American football player. A native of Brooklyn, Schlachter attended Syracuse University where he played at the guard position for the Syracuse Orange football team from 1915 to 1916. He was selected by Walter Camp as a first-team guard on this 1915 College Football All-America Team. In October 1916, he sustained a\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Schlachter\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7715472\",\n \"text\": \"Basketball by \\\"The Charlotte Observer\\\". As a freshman at Wake Forest University, Paul averaged 14.8 points, 5.9 assists, and 2.7 steals per game, setting school freshman records for three-point percentage, free throws, free throw percentage, assists, and steals in the process. Behind his play, the Demon Deacons qualified for the NCAA Tournament, losing in the Sweet Sixteen to St. Joseph's. At the conclusion of the season, Paul was named ACC Rookie of the Year and Third Team All-ACC. For two weeks early in Paul's sophomore season, Wake Forest was ranked number one in the nation for the first time in\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Paul\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18948032\",\n \"text\": \"commenting on this point, notes: Hiriyanna expresses his perplexity in reviewing the Nyaya-Vaisesika view of consciousness, and then comes out with a comment equating this view with the Charvaka view of consciousness: What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy is a 1976 book by Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya. Explaining the relationship between the soul and consciousness in the Nyaya-Vaisesika philosophy, Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya makes three points. First, consciousness in this view is knowledge (jnana) in an empirical sense. Second, consciousness is one of the multiple qualities of the soul. Third,\",\n \"title\": \"What is Living and What is Dead in Indian Philosophy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14428384\",\n \"text\": \"Chris Maskery Christopher Paul Maskery (born 25 September 1964) is an English former footballer who played in the Football League for Stoke City. Maskery played for Stoke City from 1982 to 1987 where he made 107 appearances scoring five goals. His career was ended after he swallowed his tongue whilst playing for Stafford Rangers. Maskery was born in Stoke-on-Trent and played for the youth team of his local club Stoke City turning professional in 1982. He made his debut away at Coventry City in December 1982. He forced his way into the first team in 1983–84 and was a regular\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Maskery\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2966075\",\n \"text\": \"What Is Art? What is Art? ( \\\"Chto takoye iskusstvo?\\\") is a book by Leo Tolstoy. It was completed in Russian in 1897 but first published in English due to difficulties with the Russian censors. Tolstoy cites the time, effort, public funds, and public respect spent on art and artists as well as the imprecision of general opinions on art as reason for writing the book. In his words, \\\"it is difficult to say what is meant by art, and especially what is good, useful art, art for the sake of which we might condone such sacrifices as are being\",\n \"title\": \"What Is Art?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19636666\",\n \"text\": \"Gear\\\" website. He has since \\\"said goodbye\\\" to his \\\"Chris Harris on Cars\\\" YouTube channel, as he is \\\"really busy\\\" with his new shows. Chris Harris on Cars Chris Harris on Cars is a British-American motoring television series, presented by Chris Harris, and broadcast by BBC America from July 11, 2016. It is a spinoff show to \\\"Top Gear\\\", and is also a television rebooted series of YouTube motoring series \\\"Chris Harris on Cars\\\". The series concluded on August 22, 2016 and was replaced by \\\"Top Gear America\\\" in 2017. In July 2016, it was announced that \\\"Top Gear\\\" presenter\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Harris on Cars\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19636664\",\n \"text\": \"Chris Harris on Cars Chris Harris on Cars is a British-American motoring television series, presented by Chris Harris, and broadcast by BBC America from July 11, 2016. It is a spinoff show to \\\"Top Gear\\\", and is also a television rebooted series of YouTube motoring series \\\"Chris Harris on Cars\\\". The series concluded on August 22, 2016 and was replaced by \\\"Top Gear America\\\" in 2017. In July 2016, it was announced that \\\"Top Gear\\\" presenter Chris Harris would be broadcast on BBC America, starting on July 11, 2016. The show features the same title as Harris' YouTube channel. BBC\",\n \"title\": \"Chris Harris on Cars\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["los angeles clippers"],"string":"[\n \"los angeles clippers\"\n]","isConversational":false}}}],"truncated":false,"partial":false},"paginationData":{"pageIndex":3,"numItemsPerPage":100,"numTotalItems":2457,"offset":300,"length":100}},"jwt":"eyJhbGciOiJFZERTQSIsImtpZCI6Im1sR1pFYktIVHRVSGRhX1RRdEczQ0N1S3k5ME9Qd25DNHY5elRjM3FVYzgifQ.eyJyZWFkIjp0cnVlLCJwZXJtaXNzaW9ucyI6eyJyZXBvLmNvbnRlbnQucmVhZCI6dHJ1ZX0sImlhdCI6MTc4Mzc4MDIxMywianRpIjoiZDFlMjU5YWUtMmIyZi00N2I4LTg4MWUtZDA4MzcyN2FjNWM3Iiwic3ViIjoiL2RhdGFzZXRzL3ZzZWFyY2gvd2VicSIsImV4cCI6MTc4Mzc4MzgxMywiaXNzIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9odWdnaW5nZmFjZS5jbyJ9.V8HEJEiFzss63qebIWpkM5TkQ1dLlf4vNARLApzC-_3aDJjKuBLpAzvTf502EJlf1gQ02BdagpiBr72p7YSQCw","displayUrls":true,"splitSizeSummaries":[{"config":"default","split":"train","numRows":2457,"numBytesParquet":78323682},{"config":"default","split":"validation","numRows":278,"numBytesParquet":8786475},{"config":"default","split":"test","numRows":2032,"numBytesParquet":124921}]},"discussionsStats":{"closed":0,"open":0,"total":0},"fullWidth":true,"hasGatedAccess":true,"hasFullAccess":true,"isEmbedded":false,"savedQueries":{"community":[],"user":[]}}">
question stringlengths 16 81 | positive_ctxs list | negative_ctxs list | hard_negative_ctxs list | answers list |
|---|---|---|---|---|
what songs did richard marx write? | [
{
"psg_id": "12359051",
"text": "books by being the first solo artist to have his first seven singles hit the Top 5 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 singles chart (3, 3, 2, 1, 1, 1, 4). His record sales worldwide exceed 30 million. He has also written or collaborated on songs with other artists such as \"This I... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "12359050",
"text": "Richard Marx Richard Noel Marx (born September 16, 1963) is an American adult contemporary and pop/rock singer, songwriter, musician and record producer who has sold over 30 million records. He had a stream of hit singles in the late 1980s and 1990s, including \"Endless Summ... | [
"dance with my father"
] |
what war was george washington associated with? | [
{
"psg_id": "10852471",
"text": "battles where George Washington was the commanding officer. Military career of George Washington The military career of George Washington spanned over forty years of service. Washington's service can be broken into three periods (French and Indian War, American Revolutionary... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "8664774",
"text": "two terms. He briefly saw additional military service during a threatened war with France in 1798, and died in December 1799. He is widely recognized as the \"Father of his country\". See George Washington bibliography for a listing of general works about Washington. See Fren... | [
"american revolutionary war"
] |
where was zachary taylor elected from? | [
{
"psg_id": "8252030",
"text": "Zachary Taylor House The Zachary Taylor House, also known as Springfield, was the boyhood home of the twelfth President of the United States, Zachary Taylor. Located in Louisville, Kentucky, Taylor lived there from 1795 to 1808, held his marriage there in 1810, and returned t... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "10985459",
"text": "Zachary Taylor Wood Zachary Taylor Wood, CMG (November 27, 1860 – January 15, 1915) was an Assistant Commissioner with the North-West Mounted Police (NWMP) and Commissioner of the Yukon Territory of Canada. Born in Annapolis Naval Academy in 1860, where his father John Taylo... | [
"kentucky"
] |
what type of music did richard wagner play? | [
{
"psg_id": "343345",
"text": "and Nazism, the performance of his music in the State of Israel has been a source of controversy. Prose works by Wagner Other sources Richard Wagner Wilhelm Richard Wagner (; ; 22 May 181313 February 1883) was a German composer, theatre director, polemicist, and conductor who ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "16918902",
"text": "Festival in Turkey. The film was released on DVD in Ireland on 8 February 2013. What Richard Did What Richard Did is a 2012 Irish film directed by Lenny Abrahamson and written by Malcolm Campbell. The film is loosely based on Kevin Power's \"Bad Day in Blackrock\", a fiction... | [
"opera",
"classical music",
"romantic music"
] |
what team did tim tebow play for in college? | [
{
"psg_id": "12243647",
"text": "and play for coach Urban Meyer's Florida Gators football team from 2006 to 2009. While he spent his freshman year as a backup, eventual career highlights at Florida include winning the Heisman Trophy in 2007, leading the team to a BCS championship in 2008, and a 13–1 season ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "12243634",
"text": "Tim Tebow Timothy Richard Tebow (; born August 14, 1987) is a former professional American football quarterback and current professional baseball outfielder in the New York Mets organization. He played college football for the University of Florida, winning the Heisman Troph... | [
"florida gators football"
] |
what airport in paris? | [
{
"psg_id": "308484",
"text": "busiest airport system in the world. The city is served by three commercial international airports: Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Paris-Orly and Beauvais-Tillé. Together these three airports recorded traffic of 96.5 million passengers in 2014. There is also one general aviation air... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "17347865",
"text": "Paris Municipal Airport Paris Municipal Airport is an airport in Logan County, Arkansas, United States. It is owned by the city of Paris, Arkansas and located two nautical miles (4 km) east of its central business district. The airport is also west of Subiaco, Arkansas. It i... | [
"beauvais-tillé airport",
"charles de gaulle airport",
"orly air base",
"paris orly airport"
] |
where did matthew brady live? | [
{
"psg_id": "2200089",
"text": "Company. In 2016, he launched his own line of vegan snacks. Brady and his family live in Brookline and New York City. Brady attended the 2004 State of the Union Address as a special guest of then-President George W. Bush. In 2004, he told \"ESPN The Magazine\" that being a U.... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "13707959",
"text": "at age 66. Bishop Brady High School in Concord as well as Brady Hall, a residential dormitory on the campus of Saint Anselm College are named in his honor. Matthew Francis Brady Matthew Francis Brady (January 15, 1893 – September 20, 1959) was an American prelate of the Roma... | [
"new york city"
] |
what ball does rickie fowler play? | [
{
"psg_id": "10728915",
"text": "= Round in which player lost in match play \"T\" = tied <nowiki>*</nowiki>As of the 2018 season. Amateur Professional Rickie Fowler Rick Yutaka Fowler (born December 13, 1988) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour. He was the number one ranked amateur ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "12642968",
"text": "Play (David Ball album) Play is the fourth studio album by American country music singer David Ball. It was released in 1999 on Warner Bros. Records. The album produced the singles \"Watching My Baby Not Come Back\" (which Ball co-wrote with Brad Paisley) and \"I Want To wit... | [
"golf"
] |
where do most of the people live in japan? | [
{
"psg_id": "8511297",
"text": "and Laurence, Motown shelved the project. It was released in Japan, but then suddenly withdrawn. The cover of the original album was used instead for a UK-issued compilation album released in 1974, compiling the Supremes' singles from 1970-73. The album was issued by Hip-O Se... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "5980568",
"text": "one could pray for quick death indicated that this ideal was not always fulfilled. Japan has a national holiday called Respect for the Aged Day, but for many people it is merely another holiday. Buses and trains carry signs above especially reserved seats to remind people to ... | [
"tokyo"
] |
in what country do they speak basque? | [
{
"psg_id": "3192742",
"text": "Basque Country (greater region) The Basque Country (; ; ) is the name given to the home of the Basque people. The Basque country is located in the western Pyrenees, straddling the border between France and Spain on the coast of the Bay of Biscay. \"Euskal Herria\" is the olde... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "12874247",
"text": "what the people of the mountain wear and the holiday used to celebrate the peasants who sold their goods in town and came on Santo Tomas to pay rent to landlords in the city. In the Basque Country the equivalent of Santa is Olentzero, and Olentzero lives or lived (depending ... | [
"spain",
"france"
] |
what government system does north korea have? | [
{
"psg_id": "7922044",
"text": "conclusion of most cases is foregone; experts outside North Korea and numerous defectors confirm this to be a widespread problem. Freedom House states that, \"North Korea does not have an independent judiciary and does not acknowledge individual rights...reports of arbitrary ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "7922045",
"text": "penalties can be stiff; one of the basic functions of the system is to uphold the power of the regime. Because so little information is available concerning what actually occurs inside of the country, the extent to which there is any rule of law is uncertain. In any case, Nor... | [
"single-party state",
"socialist state",
"people's republic",
"juche",
"unitary state"
] |
in what country is amsterdam? | [
{
"psg_id": "15602478",
"text": "148 watercolors made by Van Gogh, who said of working in that medium in 1881: What a splendid thing watercolour is to express atmosphere and distance,<br> so that the figure is surrounded by air and can breathe in it, as it were. Five years after having made this work, van G... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "14219947",
"text": "Hot Country Singles for the week of March 12, 1988. What She Is (Is a Woman in Love) \"What She Is (Is a Woman in Love)\" is a song written by Bob McDill and Paul Harrison and recorded by American country music artist Earl Thomas Conley. It was released in February 1988 as t... | [
"netherlands"
] |
what are the most common religions in the united states? | [
{
"psg_id": "4568149",
"text": "Buddhism in the United States Buddhism, once thought of as a mysterious religion from the East, has now become very popular in the West, and is one of the largest religions in the United States. As Buddhism does not require any formal \"conversion\", American Buddhists can ea... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "17943255",
"text": "Religious discrimination in the United States Religious discrimination is valuing or treating a person or group differently because of what they do or do not believe. Specifically, it occurs when adherents of different religions (or denominations) are treated unequally, eith... | [
"unitarian universalism",
"judaism",
"christianity",
"atheism",
"buddhism",
"hinduism",
"islam"
] |
where did sir ernest shackleton come from? | [
{
"psg_id": "702586",
"text": "BBC poll of the 100 Greatest Britons. Ernest Shackleton was born on 15 February 1874 in Kilkea near Athy, County Kildare, Ireland (then part of the United Kingdom), about from Dublin. Ernest's father was Henry Shackleton, and his mother was Henrietta Letitia Sophia Gavan. His ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "8275303",
"text": "year, returning in May/June. After annual refit/drydock, \"Ernest Shackleton\" is chartered out for commercial use in the northern summer. RRS Ernest Shackleton RRS \"Ernest Shackleton\" is a Royal Research Ship operated by the British Antarctic Survey. She is primarily a log... | [
"100 greatest britons"
] |
what made jimi hendrix great? | [
{
"psg_id": "213749",
"text": "being aware of the contribution to music Hendrix had made, readily agreed and on November 27, 1992 which would have been the 50th birthday for the guitarist, the mayor issued a proclamation making it Jimi Hendrix Day. The Jimi Hendrix Experience was inducted into the Rock and ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "213752",
"text": "original composition, \"Purple Haze\", and in 2001, for his recording of Dylan's \"All Along the Watchtower\". Hendrix's rendition of \"The Star-Spangled Banner\" was honored with a Grammy in 2009. The United States Postal Service issued a commemorative postage stamp honoring ... | [
"guitar"
] |
who did aaron rodgers play college football 4? | [
{
"psg_id": "18033363",
"text": "central Massachusetts super bowl championship wins his last two years. Former Pittsburgh Steelers tight end Rob Blanchflower was also a teammate of Rodgers in football and basketball at St. John's. Prior to the start of his senior year, Rodgers committed to attend the Univer... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "4282760",
"text": "Rodgers. Aaron's father is a Texas-born chiropractor who played football as an offensive lineman for the Chico State Wildcats from 1973 to 1976. His ancestry includes English, Irish and German. The family moved to Ukiah, California, where Aaron attended Oak Manor Elementary S... | [
"university of california, berkeley"
] |
who plays nathan scott? | [
{
"psg_id": "6816511",
"text": "Nathan Scott Nathan Royal Scott is a fictional character from the CW television series \"One Tree Hill\", portrayed by James Lafferty. Following Lucas Scott's departure, Nathan has become the main character and central figure of the show. Nathan is Lucas's younger half-brothe... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "6816563",
"text": "still owns Karen's Cafe. The show ends with Nathan, Haley and Lydia watching Jamie's high school basketball game where it is revealed that Jamie beat Nathan's scoring record. The show has come full circle with Nathan watching Jamie compete in a basketball game, the way Dan us... | [
"james lafferty"
] |
when did the houston rockets win the championship? | [
{
"psg_id": "803508",
"text": "head coach midway through the 1991–92 season, ushering in the most successful period in franchise history. The Olajuwon-led Rockets went to the 1994 NBA Finals and won the franchise's first championship against Patrick Ewing and the New York Knicks. The following season, reinf... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "803531",
"text": "Olajuwon's former college teammate Clyde Drexler. With only 47 wins, the Rockets entered the playoffs as the sixth seed in the Western Conference. Still, a strong playoff run that earned Houston the nickname \"Clutch City\" had the Rockets defeating the West's top three seeds ... | [
"1994 nba finals",
"1995 nba finals"
] |
who created the character of romeo? | [
{
"psg_id": "10827130",
"text": "Nurse (Romeo and Juliet) The Nurse is a major character in William Shakespeare's classic drama \"Romeo and Juliet\". She is the personal servant, guardian (and former wet nurse) of Juliet Capulet, and has been since Juliet was born. She had a daughter named Susan who died in... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "19013805",
"text": "The Romeo Section The Romeo Section is a Canadian spy thriller television series created and written by Chris Haddock which debuted on October 14, 2015, on CBC Television. CBC renewed the series for a second season which began airing on October 5, 2016. The series was not re... | [
"william shakespeare"
] |
what are the countries and capitals of central america? | [
{
"psg_id": "18925096",
"text": "Economy of Central America The economy of Central America is the eleventh-largest economy in Latin America, behind Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Chile and Colombia, According to the World Bank, the nominal GDP of Central America reached 204 billion US dollar in 2010, as recover... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "19400503",
"text": "2016 Central Penn Capitals season The 2016 Central Penn Capitals season was the fourth season for the American indoor football franchise, and their fourth in the American Indoor Football. On October 14, 2015, it was announced that the Capitals were moving to Harrisburg and r... | [
"honduras",
"el salvador",
"panama",
"costa rica",
"guatemala",
"gran colombia",
"belize"
] |
where is puntland somalia? | [
{
"psg_id": "1777457",
"text": "Puntland affairs. Established in 2014, \"Puntland Star\" presents breaking news, stories and documentaries from Somalia and the rest of the world. Other media organizations include Raxanreeb Online (RBC Radio). Launched in 2006, RBC presents Somali news to a global audience i... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "15386795",
"text": "Puntland Intelligence Agency The Puntland Intelligence Agency (, ) is an intelligence agency based in Puntland, Somalia. It was officially established in 2001 as Puntland Intelligence Service during the rule of President Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, with assistance from the United... | [
"garoowe",
"bari region",
"dalweyn",
"eyl"
] |
what animal is on the western australian flag? | [
{
"psg_id": "1745469",
"text": "Flag of Western Australia The current state flag of Western Australia was officially adopted by the government of Western Australia in 1953. The flag is based on the defaced British Blue Ensign with the state badge located in the fly. The badge is a gold disc with a native bl... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "1745470",
"text": "the current flag of Western Australia. The only difference is that the swan was facing the opposite direction towards the fly rather than towards the hoist. The direction of the swan was changed to conform to the vexillological guideline that animals on flags must face the ho... | [
"black swan"
] |
where did drew stanton play in college? | [
{
"psg_id": "7212376",
"text": "involved in the community as much as possible,\" he says. He is a member of the national fraternity Sigma Alpha Epsilon at Michigan State University. His agent is Mike McCartney. He married Kristin Schrock on June 27, 2009. He graduated with a major in kinesiology. He is a Ch... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "7212361",
"text": "Drew Stanton Drew Emeric Stanton (born May 7, 1984) is an American football quarterback for the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the Detroit Lions in the second round of the 2007 NFL Draft. He played college football at Michigan State.... | [
"michigan state university"
] |
what are taylor swift's albums? | [
{
"psg_id": "9210634",
"text": "ending January 19, 2008, the album reached its charting peak at number five due to sales of 47,000 copies. \"Taylor Swift\" marked the longest stay on the \"Billboard\" 200 by any album released in the decade. As of June 3, 2011, the album has stayed on the chart for 275 week... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "9210612",
"text": "relationships before being in one. Lyrics also touch on Swift's personal struggles in high school. \"Taylor Swift\" received generally positive reviews from music critics, who praised Swift's talent at such a young age. The album enjoyed commercial success and launched Swift'... | [
"stripped raw & real",
"ronan",
"cmt crossroads",
"speak now - world tour live",
"fearless",
"itunes live from soho",
"beautiful eyes",
"we are never ever getting back together",
"speak now",
"red"
] |
when was mary poppins made? | [
{
"psg_id": "6931412",
"text": "film is not a reboot or remake of the original 1964 film, Mary Poppins revisits the Banks children from the first film. It is loosely based on the other seven \"Mary Poppins\" books by Travers, and expands beyond them. Emily Blunt stars as Mary Poppins, alongside Lin-Manuel M... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "838174",
"text": "Banks as a junior partner. With her work done, Mary Poppins flies away, with Bert bidding her farewell, telling her not to stay away too long. The first novel in the \"Mary Poppins\" series was the film's main basis. According to the 40th Anniversary DVD release of the film in... | [
"1964"
] |
what did king edward vi died from? | [
{
"psg_id": "6374010",
"text": "Cross, the School can trace its origins to May 1295, when in the Register of Deacons of the Diocese of Worcester there is the record of the ordination of Richard as rector scholarum, to teach the basics of learning the alphabet, psalters, and religious rites to boys. A school... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "19404096",
"text": "Group. The group includes the grammar schools King Edward VI Aston School, King Edward VI Camp Hill School for Boys, King Edward VI Camp Hill School for Girls, King Edward VI Five Ways School and King Edward VI Handsworth School. King Edward VI Sheldon Heath Academy offers G... | [
"tuberculosis"
] |
what did robert boyle accomplish? | [
{
"psg_id": "604931",
"text": "Robert Boyle. The following are some of the more important of his works: Among his religious and philosophical writings were: Robert Boyle Robert Boyle (; 25 January 1627 – 31 December 1691) was an Anglo-Irish natural philosopher, chemist, physicist, and inventor. Boyle is lar... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "9695398",
"text": "Odd Fellows. He was still sitting as a judge when he died February 15, 1936, on his way to Jamaica. The Edmonton neighbourhood of Boyle Street and the village of Boyle are named in his honour; perhaps ironically, the latter lies on what was once the Alberta and Great Waterway... | [
"boyle's law"
] |
who did johnny bench play for? | [
{
"psg_id": "219484",
"text": "told him that he was thinking of trading for knuckleballer Phil Niekro. Bench replied that Anderson had better trade for Niekro's catcher, too. On September 17, 2011, the Cincinnati Reds unveiled a statue of Bench at the entrance way of the Reds Hall of Fame at Great American ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "219483",
"text": "was co-authored with William Brashler. Bench has also broadcast games on television and radio, and is an avid golfer, having played in several Champions Tour tournaments. In a September 2008 interview with Heidi Watney of the New England Sports Network, Johnny Bench, who was w... | [
"cincinnati reds"
] |
who does the islamic worship? | [
{
"psg_id": "788872",
"text": "twofold concept of cognition and willingness that gives the deepest meaning to what the Quran describes as \"worship\". As the next verse shows, this spiritual call does not arise from any supposed \"need\" on the part of the Creator, who is self-sufficient and infinite in His... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "8096718",
"text": "Conversion of non-Islamic places of worship into mosques The conversion of non-Islamic places of worship into mosques occurred during the life of prophet Muhammad and continued during subsequent Islamic conquests and under historical Muslim rule. As a result, numerous Hindu t... | [
"allah"
] |
where is napoleon buried? | [
{
"psg_id": "781855",
"text": "Napoleon confined himself for months on end in his damp and wretched habitation of Longwood. In February 1821, Napoleon's health began to deteriorate rapidly, and he reconciled with the Catholic Church. He died on 5 May 1821, after confession, Extreme Unction and Viaticum in t... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "20270899",
"text": "Napoleon Is to Blame for Everything Napoleon Is to Blame for Everything (German: Napoleon ist an allem schuld) is a 1938 German comedy film directed by Curt Goetz and starring Goetz, Valerie von Martens and Paul Henckels. It marked the German debut of the Norwegian-born star... | [
"les invalides",
"longwood"
] |
what language do people speak in iceland? | [
{
"psg_id": "8967087",
"text": "accused of slaughtering a blue whale. The country's cultural relationship with whales is reflected in the Icelandic language: \"hvalreki\" is the word for \"beached whale\", while also meaning something good that is unexpectedly yours or at your disposal. Iceland now has its ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "5665719",
"text": "Do You Speak American? Do You Speak American? is a documentary film and accompanying book about journalist Robert MacNeil's investigation into how different people throughout the United States of America speak. The book and documentary look at the evolution of America's way o... | [
"icelandic language"
] |
who sang at the mtv movie awards 2011? | [
{
"psg_id": "17902811",
"text": "2014 MTV Movie Awards The 2014 MTV Movie Awards were held on April 13, 2014 at the Nokia Theatre in Los Angeles, California. The show was hosted by late-night personality Conan O'Brien. The nominees were announced on the morning of March 6, 2014. The awards ceremony took pla... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "15467081",
"text": "2011 MTV Movie Awards The 2011 MTV Movie Awards were held on June 5, 2011 at the Universal Amphitheatre and were hosted by Jason Sudeikis. On May 3, the nominees were announced. \"\" lead the nominations with eight followed by \"Inception\" with seven, \"Harry Potter and the... | [
"twisted sister",
"suicidal tendencies",
"guns n' roses",
"red hot chili peppers",
"ac/dc",
"nirvana",
"run-d.m.c.",
"ice cube",
"the offspring",
"metallica"
] |
what is the new york knicks starting lineup? | [
{
"psg_id": "15636450",
"text": "days after and was placed on injured reserve, ending his season. The Knicks finished in seventh place on the year with a record of 36-30 after an up and down season. Knicks rookie guard, Iman Shumpert, tore his ACL and will be out for an estimated 7 months. Landry Fields too... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "11418229",
"text": "after his first four points, Reed's heroics inspired the team, and they won the game by a score of 113–99. The entire starting line up for the 69–70 Knicks had their jerseys retired by the New York Knicks. The jerseys of Walt Frazier (#10), Willis Reed (#19), Dave DeBusscher... | [
"raymond felton",
"marcus camby",
"j. r. smith",
"tyson chandler",
"carmelo anthony",
"iman shumpert",
"jason kidd",
"steve novak",
"chris copeland",
"pablo prigioni"
] |
what to see and do in galway ireland? | [
{
"psg_id": "19154258",
"text": "their home matches at the Galway Sportsgrounds. Two senior amateur rugby union teams in Galway, Galwegians RFC and Galway Corinthians RFC, play in the All-Ireland League. In 2012 and 2013, the players tour championship grand final of snooker was held at the Bailey Allen Hall... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "16679163",
"text": "What Do You See? \"What Do You See?\" (就在这里 in Mandarin) is a song by Singaporean band Electrico. It was commissioned as the official theme song for the 2009 National Day Parade. The song is one of the few National Day Parade theme songs that does not mention the word \"\"Si... | [
"galway city museum",
"taibhdhearc na gaillimhe",
"spanish arch",
"cathedral of our lady assumed into heaven and st nicholas, galway",
"galway sportsgrounds",
"hotel meyrick",
"eyre square",
"st. nicholas' collegiate church",
"national university of ireland, galway",
"galway arts festival"
] |
what year did brandon roy get drafted? | [
{
"psg_id": "7532697",
"text": "the gunfire. Brandon Roy Brandon Dawayne Roy (born July 23, 1984) is an American basketball coach and a former professional basketball player who played for the Portland Trail Blazers and Minnesota Timberwolves in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He was selected six... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "7532695",
"text": "Roy was named as head coach of Garfield High School's boys basketball team in May 2017. Roy's longtime girlfriend Tiana Bardwell delivered their first child, Brandon Jr., whom they nicknamed BJ, on March 27, 2007, in Seattle. About two months later, Roy took Bardwell out to l... | [
"2006 nba draft"
] |
what are the names of michael jackson children? | [
{
"psg_id": "13517366",
"text": "He was very mentally aware when we saw him and he was in a very good mood.\" Jackson is survived by his three children, Michael Joseph Jackson Jr., known as \"Prince\" (b. 1997); Paris-Michael Katherine Jackson (b. 1998), born during his marriage to his second wife, Debbie R... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "3688749",
"text": "to see for himself how his son's health was and hoped to find out whether the boy and Jackson had sexual contact. He blamed his ex-wife for allowing the boy to sleep in the same room with Jackson and also claimed that she had been in a mental hospital. As of late 2004, David ... | [
"paris-michael katherine jackson",
"prince michael jackson i",
"prince michael jackson ii"
] |
what book did niccolo machiavelli write? | [
{
"psg_id": "4884308",
"text": "years later. Adolf Hitler was to write in \"Mein Kampf\": What a use could be made of the Treaty of Versailles. ... How each one of the points of that treaty could be branded in the minds and hearts of the German people until sixty million men and women find their souls aflam... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "15721808",
"text": "What Did the Ancient Israelites Eat? What Did the Ancient Israelites Eat? Diet in Biblical Times is a 2008 book by Nathan MacDonald that discusses the foods eaten by Israelites during the time that the Bible was written. MacDonald, a theologian who serves as a lecturer at St... | [
"the prince"
] |
what religions are found in australia? | [
{
"psg_id": "12774119",
"text": "from every continent. Supported by immigration of people from more than 200 countries since the end of World War II, the population increased to more than 23 million by 2014. Christianity is the predominant religion in the continent, although large proportions of Australians... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "14702119",
"text": "most editors tended to consider \"All Religions are One\" as later than \"There is No Natural Religion\". For example, in his 1905 book \"The poetical works of William Blake; a new and verbatim text from the manuscript engraved and letterpress originals\", John Sampson place... | [
"catholicism",
"buddhism",
"islam",
"anglicanism"
] |
where is the mtv headquarters? | [
{
"psg_id": "247408",
"text": "producer), Julian Goldberg, Steve Lawrence, Geoff Bolton; studio producers and MTV News writers/associate producers Liz Nealon, Nancy LaPook and Robin Zorn; Steve Casey (creator of the name \"MTV\" and its first program director), Marcy Brafman, Ronald E. \"Buzz\" Brindle, and... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "6910606",
"text": "videos and airs more American MTV shows than German-speaking programming. Most of this programming is subtitled in German. The headquarters for MTV Networks Germany is Berlin where its channels are based. MTV Germany remains one of the only remaining MTV transmitted by analog... | [
"new york city"
] |
who does michael vick play for? | [
{
"psg_id": "2516087",
"text": "Michael Vick Michael Dwayne Vick (born June 26, 1980) is an American football coach for the Atlanta Legends of the Alliance of American Football, former quarterback who played 13 seasons in the National Football League, primarily with the Atlanta Falcons and the Philadelphia ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "14078642",
"text": "excusing or minimizing the atrocity that Michael was involving in, Michael makes no attempt to do that. It is inexcusable. However, there are numerous public figures egregious behavior and have been given a second chance.\"[4] \"It's important for us to capture this moment t... | [
"philadelphia eagles"
] |
what is anderson silva trained in? | [
{
"psg_id": "7947716",
"text": "Anderson Silva Anderson da Silva (; born April 14, 1975) is a Brazilian professonal mixed martial artist currently signed with the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). He is a former UFC Middleweight Champion and had the longest title reign in UFC history at 2,457 days. This... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "14171597",
"text": "Anderson Silva (kickboxer) Anderson da Silva (born in São Paulo), known professionally by his ring name Anderson Braddock, is a Brazilian super heavyweight kickboxer. He has competed in the It's Showtime and K-1 promotions, and most recently in SUPERKOMBAT and GLORY. As of 2... | [
"mixed martial artist"
] |
which countries does russia border? | [
{
"psg_id": "14510803",
"text": "Vladimir Putin. Because Kirkenes is a better suited port than Murmansk, local authorities in Murmansk do not want to lose transshipment business to Norway. However, with the increased realism of a line to Rovaniemi, which would serve as an alternative route to Kirkenes from ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "18922915",
"text": "into the Soviet Union in 1945. Russia treats the islands as an integral part of the country. There are no border crossing points on the Russian-Japanese border, as it is a purely maritime boundary. During the existence of the land border in Sakhalin (1905-1945), it was cross... | [
"ukraine",
"belarus",
"kazakhstan",
"poland",
"lithuania",
"azerbaijan",
"mongolia",
"north korea",
"georgia",
"norway"
] |
what does pixar produce? | [
{
"psg_id": "847446",
"text": "University professional development program, allows their animators to use Pixar resources to produce independent films. The first CGI project accepted to the program was \"Borrowed Time\" (2016); all previously accepted films were live-action. Since December 2005, Pixar has h... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "14606971",
"text": "since done primary character animation and visual effects, with ILM's San Francisco headquarters, on several Hollywood films including \"Warcraft\", \"The Revenant\", and \"\". Pixar Canada Pixar Canada was a wholly owned subsidiary of Pixar Animation Studios. It was located... | [
"a bug's life",
"toy story 2",
"ratatouille",
"cars",
"up",
"toy story",
"monsters, inc.",
"the incredibles",
"finding nemo",
"wall-e"
] |
what did emily dickinson die of? | [
{
"psg_id": "1392109",
"text": "the cause of death as Bright's disease and its duration as two and a half years. Dickinson was buried, laid in a white coffin with vanilla-scented heliotrope, a Lady's Slipper orchid, and a \"knot of blue field violets\" placed about it. The funeral service, held in the Homes... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "7816534",
"text": "Emily Dickinson Museum The Emily Dickinson Museum is a historic house museum consisting of two houses: the Dickinson Homestead (also known as Emily Dickinson Home or Emily Dickinson House) and the Evergreens. The Dickinson Homestead was the birthplace and home from 1855–1886 ... | [
"bright's disease"
] |
who played lois lane in superman 1? | [
{
"psg_id": "245966",
"text": "Flash sponsored by Bruce Wayne. Lois Lane appears in the Lego DC Comics films voiced by Grey Griffin: Actress Noel Neill first played Lois Lane in the Saturday movie serials \"Superman\" (1948) and \"Atom Man vs. Superman\" (1950) with Kirk Alyn as Clark Kent/Superman. Phyllis... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "7780929",
"text": "Lois Lane was voiced by Joan Alexander. The first live-action appearance of Superman on film is the 1948 Columbia Pictures film serial \"Superman\". The fifteen part black-and-white film stars Kirk Alyn as Superman/Clark Kent and Noel Neill as Lois Lane. Both actors returned ... | [
"margot kidder"
] |
where is st vincent de paul buried? | [
{
"psg_id": "1812220",
"text": "was chosen as the first President. The Society took Saint Vincent de Paul as its patron under the influence of Sister Rosalie Rendu, DC. Sister Rosalie, beatified in November 1999 by Pope John Paul II, was a member of the Daughters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul, earlier k... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "13693460",
"text": "Pakistan Literacy Project in 2005 with the help of the Society in Australia. This program goes to areas in Pakistan where students were denied schooling. The program has three aims: Doug Walsh, National Project Officer of St Vincent De Paul Society, Australia, recently visit... | [
"paris"
] |
what language do fiji people speak? | [
{
"psg_id": "5665719",
"text": "Do You Speak American? Do You Speak American? is a documentary film and accompanying book about journalist Robert MacNeil's investigation into how different people throughout the United States of America speak. The book and documentary look at the evolution of America's way o... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "3745500",
"text": "Of note is the story of his first wife, Arline, who was diagnosed with tuberculosis. She died while Feynman was working on the Manhattan Project; the book's title is taken from a question she often put to him when he seemed preoccupied with his colleagues' opinions about his ... | [
"fiji hindi",
"english language",
"fijian language"
] |
what victoria beckham kids names? | [
{
"psg_id": "571161",
"text": "reportedly the godparents of Brooklyn and Romeo, and their godmother is Elizabeth Hurley. In January 2000, a tip-off to Scotland Yard detectives exposed a plot to kidnap Victoria and Brooklyn Beckham and hold them at a house in Hampstead, London. The family was then moved to a... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "571160",
"text": "The couple bought what became their most famous home for £2.5 million in 1999; the property, which is set in of land, was given a £3 million renovation and was subsequently dubbed Beckingham Palace by the media. Victoria and David Beckham have four children: sons Brooklyn Jose... | [
"romeo beckham",
"cruz beckham",
"harper beckham",
"brooklyn beckham"
] |
where did france surrender ww2? | [
{
"psg_id": "13084411",
"text": "the number-one spot on his ballot. \"Rolling Stone\" updated its list of \"The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time\" in 2010 and placed \"Moment of Surrender\" at number 160—just one year after the song's release—marking the fourth-best position of any U2 song on the list. \"Mome... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "14286203",
"text": "the original photo shoot with Warren Du Preez and Nick Thornton Jones. Adapted from AllMusic. Where Did the Night Fall Where Did the Night Fall is the fourth regular studio album from British electronic music act Unkle, released on . As a documentation of the work on the alb... | [
"mediterranean sea"
] |
what did jimmy valvano die with? | [
{
"psg_id": "4381852",
"text": "day, saying \"don’t give up. Don’t ever give up\". He gave the speech less than two months before his death from adenocarcinoma, a type of many glandular cancers. The ESPY Awards now include the Jimmy V Award named in his honor. Each year, a college basketball tournament call... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "4381870",
"text": "Valvano, and an Epic College Basketball Rivalry\" was released to critical reviews. Krzyzewski arrived at Duke the same season as Valvano did at North Carolina State. On Wednesday, December 6, 2018, North Carolina State University named the arena inside Reynolds Colliseum on ... | [
"cancer"
] |
when was bill clinton elected president? | [
{
"psg_id": "11732133",
"text": "gubernatorial election, 1984 Arkansas gubernatorial election, 1986 (Democratic primary) Arkansas gubernatorial election, 1986 Arkansas gubernatorial election, 1990 (Democratic primary) Arkansas gubernatorial election, 1990 Democratic Party presidential primaries, 1992 1992 D... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "2281138",
"text": "and the loss by his would-be successor, Vice President Al Gore, in the 2000 presidential election. Thus, Clinton's partisan legacy remains complex and uncertain. Presidency of Bill Clinton The presidency of Bill Clinton began at noon EST on January 20, 1993, when Bill Clinton... | [
"1996 democratic national convention",
"1992 democratic national convention"
] |
where did giovanni pierluigi da palestrina live? | [
{
"psg_id": "3016987",
"text": "the daughter of Pope Urban X and the Princess of Palestrina. A fictional account of the action at Palestrina in 1849 appears in Geoffrey Trease's novel \"Follow My Black Plume\". Mark Sandman singer-bassist of Morphine (band) died of cardiac arrest onstage in Palestrina, Ital... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "164177",
"text": "Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina ( 1525 – 2 February 1594) was an Italian Renaissance composer of sacred music and the best-known 16th-century representative of the Roman School of musical composition. He had a lasting influence on the developm... | [
"italy"
] |
when was the 2012 calgary stampede? | [
{
"psg_id": "1266752",
"text": "the founders of the Young Canadians were director Randy Avery and choreographer Margot McDermott who remained with the group throughout the 1970s and 80s. The Stampede Showband was created in 1971 to serve as the organization's musical ambassadors. The troupe features over 15... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "19464715",
"text": "Calgary Stampede\" survives in several film archives. The Calgary Stampede The Calgary Stampede is a 1925 American silent western film directed by Herbert Blaché and starring Hoot Gibson. It was produced and distributed by Universal Pictures. Riding all across Canada to comp... | [
"1988 winter olympics"
] |
when michael jordan got drafted? | [
{
"psg_id": "15883961",
"text": "sculpture stands atop a black granite base. Although not critically well received, the statue has established its own legacy as a meeting place for fans at subsequent Bulls championships and as a rallying point for Chicago Blackhawks fans during their prideful times. Michael... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "7034120",
"text": "he was known as Michael Jordan, but since he is not related to the more prominent American basketball player of the same name, and got tired of the constant comparisons, he included his second name to his title, thus he became also referred to as Michael-Hakim Jordan. On July... | [
"1984 nba draft"
] |
what kind of money do the philippines use? | [
{
"psg_id": "20067241",
"text": "History of Philippine money The history of Philippine money used as a medium of exchange and to make payment before the adoption of Philippine Peso coins and banknotes currently in use, included designs and forms which have been found over various period of time. For Filipin... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "19429189",
"text": "What Kind of a Girl (Do You Think I Am) \"What Kind of a Girl (Do You Think I Am)\" is a song written by Loretta Lynn and Teddy Wilburn that was also recorded by Loretta Lynn. It was released as a single in August 1967 via Decca Records. \"What Kind of a Girl (Do You Think I... | [
"philippine peso"
] |
who does marion barber play 4? | [
{
"psg_id": "6568248",
"text": "a career. Those records have since been broken. Barber was drafted by the New York Jets in the 2nd round (30th overall) of the 1981 NFL Draft and retired at the end of the 1988 season. Barber would graduate from the University of Minnesota almost 40 years after playing for th... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "6568247",
"text": "Marion Barber Jr. Marion Sylvester Barber Jr. (born December 6, 1959) is a former American football running back. He played for the New York Jets of the National Football League (NFL) from 1982 to 1988. He attended the University of Minnesota and graduated with a degree in yo... | [
"chicago bears",
"minnesota golden gophers football",
"dallas cowboys"
] |
what did lucille ball die of? | [
{
"psg_id": "13756788",
"text": "major television studio, Desilu Productions, which produced many popular television series, including \"\" and \"\". Ball did not back away from acting completely. She appeared in film and television roles for the rest of her career until her death in April 1989 from an abdo... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "13756830",
"text": "the first cover in 1953 with her baby son, Desi Arnaz, Jr. \"TV Guide\" voted Lucille Ball as the 'Greatest TV Star of All Time' and it later commemorated the 50th anniversary of \"I Love Lucy\" with eight collector covers celebrating memorable scenes from the show. In anoth... | [
"aortic dissection"
] |
where was the earthquake in chile 2010? | [
{
"psg_id": "14342572",
"text": "Timeline of relief efforts after the 2010 Chile earthquake The timeline of relief efforts after the 2010 Chile earthquake of 27 February 2010 involves the sequence of events in the days following a highly destructive 8.8 earthquake with an epicentre just offshore of the Maul... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "14331618",
"text": "were no tsunami warnings issued. On 17 March, at 14:38:37 local time, an earthquake of magnitude 5.2 was recorded in Aisén, in Southern Chile. Another magnitude 5.2 earthquake was recorded in Los Lagos the next day. On 26 March, at 10:52:06 local time, a magnitude 6.2 earthq... | [
"maule region"
] |
what movies did ron howard do? | [
{
"psg_id": "696133",
"text": "1980, Howard made his directing debut with the 1977 low-budget comedy/action film \"Grand Theft Auto\". This came after cutting a deal with Roger Corman, wherein Corman let Howard direct a film in exchange for Howard starring in \"Eat My Dust!\", with Christopher Norris. Howar... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "16049221",
"text": "Australian iTunes Store. On Boxing Day 2011, a remix by Sander van Doorn was released to Beatport, released on Doorn Records. The single is billed to Kele vs. Sander van Doorn featuring Lucy Taylor. A music video (simply a re-edited version of the original video) was release... | [
"apollo 13",
"a beautiful mind",
"curious george",
"happy days",
"cocoon",
"from the earth to the moon"
] |
what county is charlotte north carolina? | [
{
"psg_id": "678334",
"text": "Charlotte, North Carolina Charlotte () is the most populous city in the U.S. state of North Carolina. Located in the Piedmont, it is the county seat of Mecklenburg County. In 2017, the U.S. Census Bureau estimated the population was 859,035, making it the 17th-most populous ci... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "921913",
"text": "Rowan County, North Carolina Rowan County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2010 census, the population was 138,428. Its county seat is Salisbury. Located to the northeast of Charlotte, Rowan County is included in its metropolitan area. The fir... | [
"mecklenburg county"
] |
who is michelle obama? | [
{
"psg_id": "5509570",
"text": "not be running for president in 2020. Michelle has previously stated that she has no passion for politics. Michelle Obama Michelle LaVaughn Robinson Obama (born January 17, 1964) is an American lawyer, university administrator, and writer who served as the First Lady of the U... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "5509539",
"text": "is one of the leading U.S. public health crises. In May 2014, Obama joined the campaign to bring back school girls who had been kidnapped in Nigeria. The First Lady tweeted a picture of herself holding a poster with the #bringbackourgirls campaign hashtag. Over the course of ... | [
"writer",
"lawyer"
] |
what type of government does nigeria have today? | [
{
"psg_id": "283849",
"text": "Federal government of Nigeria The federal government of Nigeria is composed of three distinct branches: legislative, executive, and judicial, whose powers are vested by the Constitution of Nigeria in the National Assembly, the President, and the federal courts, including the S... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "19980608",
"text": "feel less like real people than excuses to weave in a few good dad jokes\". Overall, Elan found, \"What lifts the show are the elements of diaspora life weaved throughout, as when Aunty Princess visits from Nigeria and accuses Virginia [Stephen's mother] of cultural betrayal... | [
"presidential system",
"federal republic",
"federation"
] |
what is the very first harry potter book? | [
{
"psg_id": "15758009",
"text": "A Very Potter Musical A Very Potter Musical (originally titled Harry Potter: The Musical and often shortened to AVPM) is a musical with music and lyrics by Darren Criss and A. J. Holmes and a book by Matt Lang, Nick Lang and Brian Holden. The story is a parody, based on seve... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "3276441",
"text": "Harry grows taller, and by the seventh book is said to be 'almost' the height of his father, and 'tall' by other characters. Rowling explained that Harry's image came to her when she first thought up Harry Potter, seeing him as a \"scrawny, black-haired, bespectacled boy\". S... | [
"harry potter and the philosopher's stone"
] |
what kourtney kardashian name her daughter? | [
{
"psg_id": "11170440",
"text": "things are so good now...why would we want to change that?\", so he did not propose. On July 8, 2012, Kourtney gave birth to their second child, daughter Penelope Scotland Disick. She was named after Scotland because of Kourtney's Scottish ancestry. In June 2014, it was anno... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "11170430",
"text": "Kourtney Kardashian Kourtney Mary Kardashian (born April 18, 1979) is an American television personality, socialite, businesswoman and model. In 2007, she and her family were picked to star in the reality television series \"Keeping Up with the Kardashians\". Its success led... | [
"penelope scotland disick"
] |
what kind of government does chile have today? | [
{
"psg_id": "9525218",
"text": "Government Junta of Chile (1932) Government Junta of Chile (June 4, 1932 - July 8, 1932) (also known as the \"Government Junta of Socialist Republic\" or \"Socialist Junta\"), was a political structure established during the anarchy (1931 - 1932) that followed the resignation... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "13810767",
"text": "reviews\"; however, this was down significantly from the previous episode's 89 and Bonnie Covel of About.com noted that \" 'What Kate Does' brought us a bit of negativity. In general, fans just didn't like the episode\". \"What Kate Does\" was largely considered to be a step... | [
"presidential system",
"republic",
"unitary state"
] |
where did richard arkwright die? | [
{
"psg_id": "5421557",
"text": "Richard Arkwright junior Richard Arkwright junior (19 December 1755 – 23 April 1843), the son of Sir Richard Arkwright of Cromford, Derbyshire, was the financier (creditor) of Samuel Oldknow of Marple and Mellor and a personal friend. His son Captain Arkwright married Francis... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "14286336",
"text": "Richard Arkwright (barrister) Richard Arkwright (1835 – 14 November 1918) was an English barrister and Conservative Party politician. Arkwright was the second son of John Arkwright, of Hampton Court, Herefordshire, and the great-grandson of the cotton-spinning industrialist ... | [
"cromford"
] |
who played luke skywalker in star wars episode 4? | [
{
"psg_id": "644668",
"text": "that he will not be the last Jedi before his projection vanishes. On Ahch-To, Luke collapses then looks off in the horizon to see the planet's two suns setting before he disappears, having become one with the Force. Luke has been confirmed to appear in the of the series. At th... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "644652",
"text": "Luke also serves as a mentor to the protagonist of the new \"Star Wars\" trilogy, Rey. The now non-canon \"Star Wars Legends\" depicts him as a powerful Jedi Master, husband of Mara Jade, the father of Ben Skywalker and maternal uncle of Jaina, Jacen and Anakin Solo. Luke Skyw... | [
"mark hamill"
] |
what movies has taylor lautner? | [
{
"psg_id": "10883379",
"text": "Taylor Lautner Taylor Lautner (; born February 11, 1992) is an American actor, voice actor, and model. He is known for playing Jacob Black in \"The Twilight Saga\" film series based on the novels of the same name by Stephenie Meyer. Lautner began his acting career playing bi... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "10883406",
"text": "with the lawn.\" He owns a BMW 5 series, with dark-tinted windows intended to provide anonymity. The boost given to his career by the success of the \"Twilight\" films made him too busy to attend school, so he took the California High School Proficiency Exam to graduate from... | [
"new moon",
"he's a bully, charlie brown",
"eclipse",
"cheaper by the dozen 2",
"incarceron",
"the adventures of sharkboy and lavagirl",
"dear eleanor",
"abduction",
"shadow fury",
"field of dreams 2: lockout"
] |
where did vietnam originate? | [
{
"psg_id": "442993",
"text": "the south due to cold fronts penetrate the north more frequently. In summer, the general wind pattern are southwesterly winds in the southern parts of Vietnam and southeasterly winds in northern Vietnam. The predominantly air blocks in Vietnam are the equatorial and tropical b... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "15358184",
"text": "in Vietnam, and foreseeing the end of the early optimism of the 1960s. Where Did Our Love Go \"Where Did Our Love Go\" is a 1964 song recorded by American music group the Supremes for the Motown label. Written and produced by Motown's main production team Holland–Dozier–Holl... | [
"asia"
] |
where does the st louis rams play football? | [
{
"psg_id": "18403199",
"text": "2015 St. Louis Rams season The St. Louis Rams season was the franchise's 78th season in the National Football League and the fourth under head coach Jeff Fisher. It was also the 21st and final season that the team resided in St. Louis, Missouri, its home since the 1995 seaso... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "10058661",
"text": "season, the Rams completed a 2–0 regular season sweep of the rival Seahawks. They would not accomplish this again until 2015. 2004 St. Louis Rams season The 2004 St. Louis Rams season was the team’s 67th year with the National Football League and the tenth season in St. Loui... | [
"edward jones dome"
] |
what year did scottie pippen come into the nba? | [
{
"psg_id": "2135206",
"text": "one thousand three-pointers in his career. Several NBA players have placed Pippen on their all-time starting lineups, some of which include Jason Kidd, Michael Jordan, and Karl Malone. Pippen has been married twice: to Karen McCollum (married 1988; divorced 1990) with whom he... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "2135145",
"text": "Scottie Pippen Scottie Maurice Pippen (born September 25, 1965) is an American former professional basketball player. Pippen played 21 seasons in the National Basketball Association. Nicknamed \"Pip\", he is most remembered for his time with the Chicago Bulls, the team with w... | [
"1987"
] |
who does dominic monaghan play in lord of the rings? | [
{
"psg_id": "1846553",
"text": "he was younger, he always wanted to be an actor. After his second year at St. Anne's, Monaghan became a regular in school plays such as \"Oliver Twist\", \"A Christmas Carol\" and \"Bugsy Malone\" before joining the Manchester Youth Theatre. There, he was scouted for \"Hetty ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "1846551",
"text": "Dominic Monaghan Dominic Bernard Patrick Luke Monaghan (; born 8 December 1976) is an English actor. Monaghan first gained fame for being Hetty Wainthropp's sidekick Geoffrey in \"Hetty Wainthropp Investigates\" (1996–98). He then played Meriadoc \"Merry\" Brandybuck in Peter... | [
"meriadoc brandybuck"
] |
who sang for pink floyd? | [
{
"psg_id": "8231610",
"text": "song reached #53 in the Canadian singles chart. The second-to-last line, \"But they tell me to please go fuck myself\", is the fifth (and final) instance of the word \"fuck\" being used in a Pink Floyd lyric within the band's official discography and the eighth instance of a ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "5699609",
"text": "per Fitch and Mahon. The Wall concerts' personnel (1980–1981): The Division Bell Tour (documented on the \"Pulse\" album): In the 2005 Noah Baumbach movie \"The Squid and the Whale\", an important part of the plot revolves around a teenage boy who claims to have written \"Hey... | [
"david gilmour"
] |
who played john connor friend in terminator 2? | [
{
"psg_id": "16212842",
"text": "Terminator 2: Judgment Day Terminator 2: Judgment Day (often shortened to Terminator 2 or T2) is a 1991 American science-fiction action film co-written, produced, and directed by James Cameron. The film stars Arnold Schwarzenegger, Linda Hamilton, Robert Patrick, and Edward ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "3350209",
"text": "in the present by a new Terminator model, the I-950 Infiltrator. Realizing Judgment Day has not been averted, they once again try to stop Skynet's creation. Sarah Connor appeared in the non-canonical Superman crossover \"\" (2000). In the story, Sarah and John Connor join for... | [
"edward furlong"
] |
what shows did henry winkler produce? | [
{
"psg_id": "2428204",
"text": "of the hosts of the 1979 Music for UNICEF Concert. After \"Happy Days\" ended, Winkler concentrated on producing and directing. Within months of the program's cancellation, he and John Rich had collaborated to establish Winkler-Rich Productions; whenever Rich or Ann Daniels w... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "2428218",
"text": "He stayed with the Yale Repertory Theatre for a year and a half. In 1971, Winkler got a job at the Arena Stage in Washington, D.C. to work on the play, \"Moonchildren,\" but was fired by director, Alan Schneider. In 1977, Winkler appeared in a TV special, \"Henry Winkler Meet... | [
"mr. sunshine",
"dallas reunion: the return to southfork",
"macgyver",
"so weird",
"dead man's gun",
"wintuition"
] |
what state was texaco gas founded? | [
{
"psg_id": "696695",
"text": "In 1939, Texaco became one of the first oil companies to introduce a \"Registered Rest Room\" program to ensure that restroom facilities at all Texaco stations nationwide maintained a standard level of cleanliness to the motoring public. After the onset of World War II in 1939... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "10963037",
"text": "Ambler's Texaco Gas Station Ambler's Texaco Gas Station, also known as Becker's Marathon Gas Station, is a historic filling station located at the intersection of Old U.S. Route 66 and Illinois Route 17 in the village of Dwight, Illinois, United States. The station has been ... | [
"new york",
"california"
] |
what episode does rukia fade away? | [
{
"psg_id": "12668228",
"text": "Bleach: Fade to Black In the Soul Society, Soul Reaper scientist Mayuri Kurotsuchi is attacked in his laboratory by a pair of mysterious siblings wielding a scythe that erases his memories. In a frightened panic, Kurotsuchi damages one of his machines, causing a massive spir... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "5011844",
"text": "Not Fade Away (Angel) \"Not Fade Away\" is the 22nd and final episode of season 5, and the series finale of the television show \"Angel\". Written by series creator Joss Whedon and directed and co-written by Jeffrey Bell, it was originally broadcast on May 19, 2004 on the WB ... | [
"bleach: fade to black"
] |
where did bruno mars get his start? | [
{
"psg_id": "14485426",
"text": "Bruno Mars Peter Gene Hernandez (born October 8, 1985), known as Bruno Mars, is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, and dancer. He is known for his stage performances, retro showmanship and for performing in a wide range of musical styles ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "14816300",
"text": "sees the video as a collaboration, the video director came up with the vision and Mars added his vision and so on. The video is a mixture of live action and stopped animation and through the animation, Bruno shows his girlfriend how beautiful she is. He takes a cassette tape... | [
"honolulu"
] |
who was tex beneke? | [
{
"psg_id": "5700181",
"text": "Tex Beneke Gordon Lee \"Tex\" Beneke (February 12, 1914 – May 30, 2000) was an American saxophonist, singer, and bandleader. His career is a history of associations with bandleader Glenn Miller and former musicians and singers who worked with Miller. His band is also associat... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "5700188",
"text": "the war and learn more about leading a band before being given his own band. Beneke led two bands in the navy and kept in touch with Glenn Miller while they were both serving in the military. By 1945, Beneke felt ready to lead his own orchestra. Glenn Miller went missing on D... | [
"singer",
"musician"
] |
what are all the things thomas edison invented? | [
{
"psg_id": "8662884",
"text": "the incandescent light bulb, was demonstrated in the largest installation to date in Louisville at the Southern Exposition. Thomas Edison House Thomas Edison House is a historic house located in the Butchertown neighborhood of Louisville, Kentucky. The house is a shotgun dupl... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "5611730",
"text": "Things Are Tough All Over Things are Tough All Over is a 1982 film directed by Thomas K. Avildsen and starring Tommy Chong and Cheech Marin as two hippies, and additionally as Arab businessmen Mr. Slyman and Prince Habib. Cheech and Chong are driving a limo through the desert... | [
"phonograph",
"carbon microphone",
"mimeograph",
"quadruplex telegraph",
"electric power distribution",
"movie camera",
"incandescent light bulb",
"phonograph cylinder"
] |
what is shakira's nationality? | [
{
"psg_id": "3533719",
"text": "home country. Initially, Shakira refused to allow the re-release of both \"Magia\" and her next album, \"Peligro\", because of their \"immaturity.\" Credits from liner notes: Bibliography Magia (Shakira album) Magia () is the debut album by Colombian singer and songwriter Sha... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "15975841",
"text": "that S by Shakira was different from other celebrity-branded fragrances, saying \"What makes this stand out is how involved she [Shakira] was. The key difference is she has the knowledge of what she wants and really wants to share it with her fans. She's involved. She's comm... | [
"colombia"
] |
who is playing bilbo baggins? | [
{
"psg_id": "699991",
"text": "portrayed by Martti Suosalo. Throughout the 2003 \"video game\" the players control Bilbo, voiced by Michael Beatie. The game follows the plot of the book, but adds the elements of platform gameplay and various side-objectives along the main quests. In \"The Lord of the Rings ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "699993",
"text": "in Tolkien's work. In 2012, they named a hilly area \"Bilbo Colles\" after Bilbo Baggins. Bilbo Baggins Bilbo Baggins is the title character and protagonist of J. R. R. Tolkien's 1937 novel \"The Hobbit\", as well as a supporting character in \"The Lord of the Rings\". In Tolk... | [
"norman bird",
"martin freeman",
"ian holm"
] |
where are the seneca indians now? | [
{
"psg_id": "14984249",
"text": "Seneca Nation of Indians v. Christy Seneca Nation of Indians v. Christy, 162 U.S. 283 (1896), was the first litigation of aboriginal title in the United States by a tribal plaintiff in the Supreme Court of the United States since \"Cherokee Nation v. Georgia\" (1831). It was... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "14984271",
"text": "in \"Oneida Indian Nation of N.Y. State v. Oneida County\" (1974), known as \"Oneida I\", and \"Oneida County v. Oneida Indian Nation of N.Y. State\" (1985), known as \"Oneida II\", which held that there is a federal common law cause of action for ejectment based upon aborig... | [
"new york"
] |
where does the jordan river begin? | [
{
"psg_id": "12822417",
"text": "are shared by 4 different countries: Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Israel as well as the Palestinian territories; although Israel as the occupying authority has refused to give up any of the water resources to the Palestinian National Authority. The Jordan River originates near th... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "6996108",
"text": "Jordan River Utah Temple The Jordan River Utah Temple (formerly the Jordan River Temple) is the 20th operating temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Located in South Jordan, Utah, it was built with a modern single-spire design. A site dedicat... | [
"anti-lebanon mountains"
] |
what college did lil wayne graduated from? | [
{
"psg_id": "1455389",
"text": "reads the Bible regularly. While playing in Newark Symphony Hall, Lil Wayne professed his belief \"in God and His son, Jesus.\" During his 2011 tour in Australia with Eminem, before beginning his bracket he proclaimed his belief in God. After earning his GED, Wayne enrolled a... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "1455413",
"text": "head-butt him\". Pusha T has called Wayne's diss track \"horrible\" and said he felt it didn't deserve a response. Both men have downplayed the feud, with Wayne saying he's over it. However, in late November, Pusha T dissed Wayne and Birdman on a new Ludacris song titled \"Te... | [
"university of phoenix"
] |
where did rihanna come from? | [
{
"psg_id": "5393654",
"text": "Road in St. Michael, Barbados, the road where Rihanna was raised, was renamed \"Rihanna Drive\" to honor Rihanna's success in the music industry. Rihanna has received numerous awards throughout her career such as 9 Grammy Awards, 12 Billboard Music Awards, 13 American Music A... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "11038173",
"text": "the \"protoIsraelites.\" It followed an earlier book, \"What Did the Biblical Writers Know and When Did They Know It?\", in which Dever, contrary to the \"minimalists\", asserted that the writers of the Old Testament knew a good deal about the Israelites' past. Who Were the ... | [
"saint michael parish",
"barbados"
] |
what years did the knicks win the championship? | [
{
"psg_id": "12654473",
"text": "1973–74 New York Knicks season The 1973–74 New York Knicks season was the 28th season for the team in the National Basketball Association (NBA). The Knicks entered the season as the defending NBA champions, having defeated the Los Angeles Lakers in the 1973 NBA Finals in fiv... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "8543550",
"text": "and drank. A faqir asked him what he did there. He told him his story and asked the faqir's, repeating when the faqir put him off, until the faqir told him he had been a king, and his seven sons had all tried to win a princess whose hand could only be won by answering the rid... | [
"1970 nba finals",
"1973 nba finals"
] |
what does dustin diamond do now? | [
{
"psg_id": "3006123",
"text": "the most serious charge, recklessly endangering public safety. On June 25, 2015, Diamond was sentenced to four months in prison. He served three months and was released on probation. Diamond's probation agent determined that he had violated the terms of his probation, and he ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "16663175",
"text": "What Does the Bee Do? \"What Does the Bee Do?\" is the fourth episode of the second season of the HBO television series \"Boardwalk Empire\", and 16th episode overall. First aired on October 16, 2011, it was written by executive story editor Steve Kornacki and directed by Ed... | [
"film director",
"musician",
"comedian",
"actor"
] |
what state did thomas jefferson live in? | [
{
"psg_id": "408470",
"text": "Virginia from French diplomat François Barbé-Marbois, who was gathering data on the United States. Jefferson included his written responses in a book, \"Notes on the State of Virginia\" (1785). He compiled the book over five years, including reviews of scientific knowledge, Vi... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "408564",
"text": "that \"the DNA study ... indicates a high probability that Thomas Jefferson fathered Eston Hemings\". In July 2017 the Thomas Jefferson Foundation announced that archeological excavations at Monticello had revealed what they believe to have been Sally Hemings's quarters, adjac... | [
"virginia"
] |
where are google headquarters located? | [
{
"psg_id": "16942109",
"text": "Google Code-in Google Code-in (GCI) is an annual programming competition hosted by Google Inc. that allows pre-university students to complete tasks specified by various, partnering open source organizations. The contest was originally the Google Highly Open Participation Co... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "10975008",
"text": "corporate headquarters may or may not be in the location in which the business is incorporated or where the majority of its employees work. Offices of a business that are not the corporate headquarters are called \"branch offices\". The headquarters is often selected by the ... | [
"mountain view"
] |
who is princess leia? | [
{
"psg_id": "612864",
"text": "of strong female characters. Yes, Princess Leia was in a gold bikini, but she was also the one who single-handedly killed Jabba. When you take into account movies and TV shows like \"Terminator\", \"Aliens\", \"Battlestar Galactica\", and even video games like \"Metroid\", you... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "612838",
"text": "soon after, as Luke, Leia and the Rebels fight the Sith Lord Shadowspawn. In \"The Courtship of Princess Leia\" (1994) by Dave Wolverton, set immediately before the \"Thrawn\" trilogy, Leia is presented with an advantageous political marriage to Prince Isolder of the planet Ha... | [
"star wars"
] |
where is the nascar hall of fame? | [
{
"psg_id": "5107492",
"text": "NASCAR Hall of Fame The NASCAR Hall of Fame honors drivers who have shown exceptional skill at NASCAR driving, all-time great crew chiefs and owners, broadcasters and other major contributors to competition within the sanctioning body. NASCAR committed to building a Hall of F... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "5107501",
"text": "total of 48 votes are cast by a voting committee consisting of the nominating committee and the following: A total of 50 individuals have been inducted into the NASCAR Hall of Fame. 35 were inducted as drivers, 24 of whom were inducted solely as drivers. The other 15 were ind... | [
"charlotte",
"north carolina"
] |
what was the name of wright brothers plane? | [
{
"psg_id": "689032",
"text": "their first powered flights in late 1903 with the \"Wright Flyer\", they conducted extensive glider tests that also developed their skills as pilots. Their bicycle shop employee Charlie Taylor became an important part of the team, building their first airplane engine in close ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "19696495",
"text": "McCullough recalled, \"I didn't know when (chronologically) I was going to end that book, and who do I run into in France but the Wright brothers.\" He continued, \"I was delighted to find that Wilbur, at every chance, went to the Louvre to look at paintings, and the degree ... | [
"wright model b",
"wright model c",
"wright flyer",
"wright model ex",
"1902 wright glider",
"1900 wright glider"
] |
who is gilbert gottfried snl? | [
{
"psg_id": "3062423",
"text": "March 14, 2011, and announced a casting call for his replacement as the voice of the duck. He was replaced by Daniel McKeague (who did an impression of Gottfried) on April 26, 2011. Gilbert Gottfried Gilbert Jeremy Gottfried (born February 28, 1955) is an American stand-up co... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "3062409",
"text": "interviews, most often with veteran actors, comedians, musicians and comedy writers. \"Gilbert\", a documentary film on Gottfried's life and career, was released in 2017. At age 15, Gottfried began doing amateur stand-up in New York City and, after a few years, became known a... | [
"actor"
] |
what did martin luther do? | [
{
"psg_id": "8990460",
"text": "and Protestant workers have a right to leave work in order to participate in a church service. Switzerland celebrates the holiday on the first Sunday after 31 October. It is also celebrated elsewhere around the world. For works by and about Luther, see Martin Luther (resource... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "16049221",
"text": "Australian iTunes Store. On Boxing Day 2011, a remix by Sander van Doorn was released to Beatport, released on Doorn Records. The single is billed to Kele vs. Sander van Doorn featuring Lucy Taylor. A music video (simply a re-edited version of the original video) was release... | [
"physician",
"theologian",
"professor",
"writer",
"monk",
"priest"
] |
what team did grover cleveland alexander play for? | [
{
"psg_id": "2254610",
"text": "by the team in 2001 to honor his career with them. Alexander is mentioned in the \"Leave It to Beaver\" third-season episode \"Ward's Baseball\" in which Ward has a baseball with several autographs and Alexander's is one of them. Alexander is the first player mentioned in the... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "2254606",
"text": "year of the Hall. Alexander was the only player elected that year. During the late 1930s and early 1940s, Alexander continued to play baseball, touring as a player-coach for the Grover Cleveland Alexander's House of David Team. The team's tour was managed by J. L. Wilkinson a... | [
"philadelphia phillies",
"chicago cubs"
] |
what was christiaan barnard famous for? | [
{
"psg_id": "88193",
"text": "Fund for research into heart disease and heart transplants in Cape Town. His second autobiography, \"The Second Life\", was published in 1993, eight years before his death (). Apart from his autobiographies, Dr Barnard also wrote several other books including: Christiaan Barnar... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "88192",
"text": "divided the remainder of his years between Austria, where he established the Christiaan Barnard Foundation, dedicated to helping underprivileged children throughout the world, and his game farm in Beaufort West, South Africa. Christiaan Barnard died on 2 September 2001, while o... | [
"surgeon"
] |
where was dwight d. eisenhower from? | [
{
"psg_id": "5361371",
"text": "Stratford station in East London to York, after being specially cleaned by Kings Cross Top Shed staff. It was withdrawn from service on 20 July 1963. By this time, the Deltic diesel electric locomotives had displaced steam from premier services so the A4 fleet was reduced and... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "6826764",
"text": "Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial The Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial is a United States presidential memorial under construction, honoring Dwight D. Eisenhower, the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe during World War II and the 34th President of the United States. On... | [
"united states of america"
] |
where do audi come from? | [
{
"psg_id": "20800811",
"text": "the Birdland Jazz Club Neuburg, the Audi Forum Ingolstadt organizes an increasing number of jazz concerts annually. Previous jazz concerts have included performers such as the Count Basie Orchestra, Freddie Hubbard, Paul Kuhn, the Pasadena Roof Orchestra, Bill Ramsey, Freddi... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "19937218",
"text": "Where Do You Come From \"Where Do You Come From\" is a song first recorded by Elvis Presley as part of the soundtrack for his 1962 motion picture \"Girls! Girls! Girls!\". Later it was rejected from the motion picture and wasn't used in it, but appeared on its soundtrack alb... | [
"ingolstadt"
] |
what team is chris paul on? | [
{
"psg_id": "17172978",
"text": "Chris Paul Camps CP3 Youth Camps is a youth basketball camp organization based in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States. The organization was started by Los Angeles Clippers point guard Chris Paul. The mission of CP3 Camps is to provide a fun, safe, and enriching envi... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "16876414",
"text": "Chris Farlowe and Paul Rodgers.\" All songs by Jackie Lomax, except where noted. Side one Side two Tracks 1–12 as per original UK release, with the following bonus tracks: Tracks 1–12 as per original UK release, with the following bonus tracks: Digital downloads Is This What... | [
"los angeles clippers"
] |
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