<br> \"PM\": Prime Minister<br> \"LO\": Leader of the Opposition Leader of the New Zealand National Party The Leader of","title":"Leader of the New Zealand National Party"},{"psg_id":"2526907","text":"1944 Speech from the Throne the Governor-General announced the government's intention to adopt the Statute of Westminster. It was forced to abandon the proposal when the opposition accused the government of being disloyal to Britain at a time of need. Ironically, the National opposition prompted the adoption of the statute in 1947 when its leader, and future prime minister, Sidney Holland introduced a private member's bill to abolish the Legislative Council. Because New Zealand required the consent of the British Parliament to make the necessary amendments to the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852, Peter Fraser, now Prime Minister, had a","title":"Dominion of New Zealand"},{"psg_id":"282889","text":"Jacinda Ardern, Labour leader, became Prime Minister, with Winston Peters becoming Deputy Prime Minister. The Labour government also has a confidence and supply agreement with the Green Party. Politics of New Zealand The politics of New Zealand function within a framework of a unitary parliamentary representative democracy. New Zealand is a constitutional monarchy in which a hereditary monarch—since 6 February 1952, Queen Elizabeth II—is the sovereign and head of state. The New Zealand Parliament holds legislative power and consists of the Queen and the House of Representatives. The Queen is usually represented by the Governor-General of New Zealand. Members are","title":"Politics of New Zealand"},{"psg_id":"327696","text":"the First World War, around the time of Robert Borden's premiership. While contemporary sources will still speak of early prime ministers of Canada as \"premier\", the modern practice is such that the federal head of government is known almost exclusively as the \"prime minister\", while the provincial and territorial heads of government are termed \"premiers\" (save for within Quebec and New Brunswick, where the premiers are addressed in French as \"Premier ministre du [province]\", literally translated as \"Prime Minister of [province]\"). The Prime Minister–designate of Canada refers to the person who has been designated as the future prime minister by","title":"Prime Minister of Canada"},{"psg_id":"1605580","text":"Prime Minister of Sweden The Prime Minister (, literally \"Minister of the State\") is the head of government in Sweden. Before the creation of the office of a Prime Minister in 1876, Sweden did not have a head of government separate from its head of state, namely the King, in whom the executive authority was vested. Louis Gerhard De Geer, the architect behind the new bicameral Riksdag of 1866 that replaced the centuries-old Riksdag of the Estates, became the first officeholder in 1876. The current Prime Minister of Sweden is Stefan Löfven, leader of the Swedish Social Democratic Party who","title":"Prime Minister of Sweden"},{"psg_id":"282863","text":"a formal committee consisting of all ministers. Members of the Executive Council are required to be members of Parliament (MPs), and most are also in the Cabinet. Cabinet is the most senior policy-making body and is led by the Prime Minister, who is also, by convention, the parliamentary leader of the governing party or coalition. The Prime Minister, being the \"de facto\" leader of New Zealand, exercises executive functions that are formally vested in the monarch (by way of the royal prerogative powers). Cabinet is directly responsible to the New Zealand Parliament, from which its members are derived; ministers are","title":"Politics of New Zealand"},{"psg_id":"2281568","text":"resignation, the law allows the President of Russia to choose \"any\" of the current vice-premiers to serve as an \"acting\" Prime Minister until the confirmation of the new government. Deputy prime minister A deputy prime minister or vice prime minister is, in some countries, a government minister who can take the position of acting prime minister when the prime minister is temporarily absent. The position is often likened to that of a vice president, but is significantly different even though both positions are \"number two\" offices. The position of deputy prime minister should not be confused with the Canadian Deputy","title":"Deputy prime minister"},{"psg_id":"335658","text":"most seats, it was the Likud leader Benjamin Netanyahu who was given the task of forming a government. He was able to do so, thus beginning his second term as Prime Minister of Israel. In the 2013 election, the Likud Yisrael Beiteinu alliance emerged as the largest faction. After forming a coalition, Netanyahu secured his third prime ministership. If the prime minister dies in office, the cabinet chooses an interim prime minister, to run the government until a new government is placed in power. Yigal Allon served as interim prime minister following Levi Eshkol's death, as did Shimon Peres following","title":"Prime Minister of Israel"},{"psg_id":"10653383","text":"Minister of Agriculture (New Zealand) The Minister of Agriculture is a ministerial portfolio in the government of New Zealand. It existed from 1889 until 2012, when the Ministry got merged into the larger Ministry of Primary Industries, and again from 2017 onwards as part of the Labour coalition government. George Richardson was the first holder of the office, and David Carter of the New Zealand National Party was the last before the merge. In the end, there was no Associate Minister of Agriculture, although the position had existed in the past. Carter became the first Minister of Primary Industries. During","title":"Minister of Agriculture (New Zealand)"},{"psg_id":"8832396","text":"The Key (Yes, Prime Minister) “The Key” is the fourth episode of the BBC comedy series \"Yes, Prime Minister\" and was first broadcast 30 January 1986. Jim Hacker is in the Cabinet Room in 10 Downing Street and is visited by his political advisor, Dorothy Wainwright. She is unhappy that she has been moved from her office, which used to be next door and is now a waiting room, and assigned new quarters in the attic. The Prime Minister had apparently acted upon advice from the Cabinet Secretary, Sir Humphrey Appleby. Dorothy tells Hacker that the civil service has been","title":"The Key (Yes, Prime Minister)"},{"psg_id":"10777603","text":"Court and Minister of Corrections. The former has since been absorbed back into the Justice portfolio, but the latter is still independent. Minister of Justice (New Zealand) The Minister of Justice (in Māori: \"Tāhū o te Ture\") is a minister in the government of New Zealand. The minister has responsibility for the formulation of justice policy and for the administration of law courts. The current Minister of Justice is Andrew Little. The previous Minister of Justice, Amy Adams (politician), a member of the National Party, resigned from her ministerial positions on 26 October 2017, following a change in government, with","title":"Minister of Justice (New Zealand)"},{"psg_id":"3208470","text":"Designated Prime Minister of Slovakia () is an unofficial title for a person who has been entrusted by the President of the Slovak Republic with forming a new government and replacing the outgoing Prime Minister. This title, as well as the authorization of the president to entrust the designated PM, is not set by an act but is a legal or, more precisely, constitutional tradition. According to this tradition, the President designates a person who has support of the majority of deputies in the National Council. Minister plenipotentiary for administration of Slovakia Land President of Slovakia Prime Ministers of the","title":"Prime Minister of Slovakia"},{"psg_id":"7511076","text":"for the governor-general is provided by the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. The New Zealand monarch appoints the governor-general by commission issued under the Seal of New Zealand. Constitutional convention adopted in 1930, following the Imperial Conference held that year, allowed for the appointment of the governor-general to be made upon the advice of the New Zealand Government, though that right was not exercised directly by a New Zealand prime minister until 1967. The prime minister's advice has sometimes been the result of a decision by Cabinet; there is no requirement for this, and there have been a","title":"Governor-General of New Zealand"},{"psg_id":"2215110","text":"Muldoon as too arrogant and ambitious for his own good. After the 1996 elections, the role of the Minister of Finance was split between two portfolios – that of Minister of Finance and that of Treasurer. The position of Treasurer was senior to that of the Minister of Finance, and was created as part of the coalition agreement between the National Party and New Zealand First. It was established especially for Winston Peters, leader of New Zealand First, who demanded it as part of the deal. When Peters ended the coalition, the position reverted to the National Party, and after","title":"Minister of Finance (New Zealand)"},{"psg_id":"10777600","text":"Minister of Justice (New Zealand) The Minister of Justice (in Māori: \"Tāhū o te Ture\") is a minister in the government of New Zealand. The minister has responsibility for the formulation of justice policy and for the administration of law courts. The current Minister of Justice is Andrew Little. The previous Minister of Justice, Amy Adams (politician), a member of the National Party, resigned from her ministerial positions on 26 October 2017, following a change in government, with the Labour Party taking charge, following the 2017 general election. The first Minister of Justice was appointed in 1870. This was followed","title":"Minister of Justice (New Zealand)"},{"psg_id":"11223113","text":"Prime minister-designate The term prime minister-designate is used to refer to a person who is expected to succeed an incumbent as prime minister as the result of a general election, as a result of winning the leadership of a currently governing party or after being named by the head of state to form a new government after a public referendum or vote of no confidence against the sitting prime minister. In the Westminster system, the head of state or his/her representative has the sole prerogative to appoint a new prime minister upon the resignation, dismissal or death of the incumbent","title":"Prime minister-designate"},{"psg_id":"19254691","text":"Minister of Immigration (New Zealand) The Minister of Immigration was established by the First Labour Government in 1940. Note that while Martin has the first minister (in 1946) as Angus McLagan , Wilson and Wood have David Wilson and Paddy Webb preceding him (from 1940). The current minister is Iain Lees-Galloway while the Associate Minister of Immigration is Kris Faafoi. The Minister of Immigration is responsible for leading the policy and strategic direction of the New Zealand immigration system and setting the rules and criteria for the granting of visas and entry permission, and making decisions in individual cases. The","title":"Minister of Immigration (New Zealand)"},{"psg_id":"3977468","text":"Ministers of the New Zealand Government Ministers, in the New Zealand Government, are members of Parliament who hold ministerial warrants from the Crown to perform certain functions of government. This includes formulating and implementing policies and advising the governor-general. Ministers collectively make up the executive branch of the New Zealand state. In practice, the governor-general is obliged to follow the advice of the prime minister on the appointment and dismissal of ministers. All ministers serve concurrently as councillors of the Executive Council of New Zealand. These executives are also formally titled \"ministers of the Crown\", as in other Commonwealth realms.","title":"Ministers of the New Zealand Government"},{"psg_id":"20456483","text":"but he declined to participate in the series. In 2017, four of the then-six former PMs spoke jointly about increasing refugee immigration to New Zealand. There have been four time periods when there was only one living Prime Minister, first with the appointment of Henry Sewell in 1856 and most recently during the second term of Keith Holyoake following the 1968 death of Walter Nash. There have been two time periods when 12 living current or former prime ministers co-existed, with the longest being a three-year period beginning with the first appointment of Robert Stout in 1884. The most recent","title":"Living Prime Ministers of New Zealand"},{"psg_id":"18141513","text":"Prime Minister of the Bahamas The Prime Minister of The Bahamas is the head of government of the Bahamas, currently Hubert Minnis. Minnis, as leader of the governing Free National Movement party (FNM), He was sworn in as Prime Minister on 11 May 2017, succeeding Progressive Liberal Party (PLP) leader Perry Christie. This was a result of the FNM's victory in the Bahamas general election of May 10, 2017. The Prime Minister is formally appointed into office by the Governor General of the Bahamas, who represents Elizabeth II, the Queen of the Bahamas (The Bahamian Head of State). The following","title":"Prime Minister of the Bahamas"},{"psg_id":"2554287","text":"the Central Military Commission and the Central Police Party Committee. The tenure of a prime minister is five years, and the term is renewable once. The current prime minister Nguyễn Xuân Phúc has served since 2016. In case of incapacity, a deputy prime minister assumes the office of acting prime minister until the prime minister resumes duty, or until the appointment of a new prime minister. The powers and prestige of the prime minister have varied through the years. Pham Van Dong, Vietnam's second prime minister, often lamented that in practice he had little power. Since the death of Pham","title":"Prime Minister of Vietnam"},{"psg_id":"3263354","text":"of chief minister, which was created in 1975. If the prime minister dies, as has happened on one occasion, the deputy prime minister becomes acting prime minister until a new one is elected by parliament. The prime minister can lose his office by resigning, being defeated in a no confidence vote by parliament, or losing his seat in a parliamentary election. Several former prime ministers have been appointed the Governor-General of Tuvalu. Prime Minister of Tuvalu The Prime Minister of Tuvalu is the head of government of Tuvalu. According to Tuvalu's constitution, the prime minister must always be a member","title":"Prime Minister of Tuvalu"},{"psg_id":"1924591","text":"d'etat, followed by a constitutional referendum that replaced the Convention of Paris, an act that served as the constitution of the country, with his own version named the Statute expanding the Paris Convention (). The new constitution created the Senate for serving Cuza's legislative purposes and vested the office of the Prince with full executive authority, while the Prime Minister remained his subordinate. Even though Cuza now had plenary powers, the office the Prime Minister remained influent, and Mihail Kogălniceanu, the 3rd Prime Minister, a liberal and former ally of Cuza often clashed with him. After Cuza's removal by coup","title":"Prime Minister of Romania"},{"psg_id":"322416","text":"Prime Minister of Australia The Prime Minister of Australia is the head of government of Australia. The individual who holds the office is the most senior Minister of State, the leader of the Cabinet. The Prime Minister also has the responsibility of administering the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, and is the chair of the National Security Committee and the Council of Australian Governments. The office of Prime Minister is not mentioned in the Constitution of Australia but exists through Westminster political convention. The individual who holds the office is commissioned by the Governor-General of Australia and at","title":"Prime Minister of Australia"},{"psg_id":"6220171","text":"council of ministers shall continue to work until another council of ministers is constituted. Provided that, in the case of the death of the Prime Minister, the senior most minister shall continue to act as Prime Minister until a new Prime Minister is appointed. As of 2019, there are following living former prime ministers: Prime Minister of Nepal The Prime Minister of Nepal () is the leader of the executive body (i.e. the Government of Nepal). The prime minister is the head of the Council of Ministers of Nepal. He/she should be member of the House of the Representative Pratinidhi","title":"Prime Minister of Nepal"},{"psg_id":"327979","text":"Crown a leadership role in the Commons; and, the Lord Treasurer assumed a leading position among Ministers. The power of financial initiative was not, however, absolute. Only Ministers might initiate money bills, but Parliament now reviewed and consented to them. Standing Order 66 therefore represents the beginnings of Ministerial responsibility and accountability. The term \"Prime Minister\" appears at this time as an unofficial title for the leader of the government, usually the Head of the Treasury. Jonathan Swift, for example, wrote in 1713 about \"those who are now commonly called Prime Minister among us\", referring to Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl","title":"Prime Minister of the United Kingdom"},{"psg_id":"335661","text":"Since 1974, the official residence of the prime minister is Beit Aghion, at the corner of Balfour and Smolenskin streets in Rehavia. As of March 2017, there are two living former Prime Ministers. The most recent Prime Minister to die was Shimon Peres (1977; 1984–1986; 1995–1996), who died on 28 September 2016. Benjamin Netanyahu, who served as Prime Minister from 1996 to 1999, is currently serving and is thus excluded from this list. Prime Minister of Israel The Prime Minister of Israel (, \"Rosh HaMemshala\", \"lit.\" Head of the Government, Hebrew acronym: ; , \"Ra'īs al-Ḥukūma\") is the head of","title":"Prime Minister of Israel"},{"psg_id":"4054293","text":"Tinwald, New Zealand Tinwald is a town in Canterbury, New Zealand, now little more than a suburb of Ashburton. It lies to the south of the larger town, separated from it by the Ashburton River. The town was named after Tinwald Downs in Scotland, birthplace of early resident and owner of much of the land, Robert Wilkin. Prominent former citizens of Tinwald include William Massey, who was Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1912 to 1925. The Main South Line section of the South Island Main Trunk Railway runs through Tinwald, and from 1878 until 1968, the town acted as","title":"Tinwald, New Zealand"},{"psg_id":"10656211","text":"Minister of Defence was formally appointed, and not until 1887 that the post was given to someone who was not simultaneously Minister of Native Affairs. During World War II, the post was supplemented by several others — a Minister of National Service (conscription), a Minister of Supply and Munitions, a Minister in Charge of War Expenditure, and a Minister of Armed Forces and War Co-ordination. All were part of the special War Cabinet, but only the first was a member of the regular domestic Cabinet. Minister of Defence (New Zealand) The Minister of Defence is a minister in the government","title":"Minister of Defence (New Zealand)"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000158\",\n \"text\": \"a member of the same party as the Prime Minister, but not necessarily so; in coalition governments, the parliamentary leader of a support party may be offered the post. Lists of the 40 people who have so far held the premiership: Prime Minister of New Zealand The Prime Minister of New Zealand () is the head of government of New Zealand. The Prime Minister, Jacinda Ardern, leader of the New Zealand Labour Party, took office on 26 October 2017. The Prime Minister (informally abbreviated to \\\"PM\\\") ranks as the most senior government minister. He or she is responsible for chairing\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2174047\",\n \"text\": \"Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand The Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand () is the second-most senior minister in the Government of New Zealand, although this seniority does not necessarily translate into power. The office was created as a ministerial portfolio in 1954. The officeholder usually deputises for the Prime Minister at official functions. The current Deputy Prime Minister is Winston Peters, the Leader of New Zealand First. Generally, the position is held by the deputy leader of the largest party, but now that the MMP electoral system makes coalitions more likely, the role may instead go to the\",\n \"title\": \"Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20098897\",\n \"text\": \"Michael Joseph Savage, was a bachelor during his term, but otherwise, until the tenure of the 36th Prime Minister, Jenny Shipley, the post had always been filled by a woman; Burton Shipley was Jenny Shipley's husband. The current Prime Minister of New Zealand, Jacinda Ardern, is unmarried; her partner is radio personality Clarke Gayford. The current acting spouse of the Prime Minister of New Zealand is Clarke Gayford, who assumed the role when his partner became the Prime Minister of New Zealand on 26 October 2017. There are currently eight living spouses of former prime ministers of New Zealand: The\",\n \"title\": \"Spouse of the Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000132\",\n \"text\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand The Prime Minister of New Zealand () is the head of government of New Zealand. The Prime Minister, Jacinda Ardern, leader of the New Zealand Labour Party, took office on 26 October 2017. The Prime Minister (informally abbreviated to \\\"PM\\\") ranks as the most senior government minister. He or she is responsible for chairing meetings of Cabinet; allocating posts to ministers within the government; acting as the spokesperson for the government; and providing advice to the sovereign or the sovereign's representative, the governor-general. He or she also has ministerial responsibility for the Department of the\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2174051\",\n \"text\": \"living former New Zealand Deputy Prime Ministers, as seen below. The most recent Deputy Prime Minister to die was Jim Anderton (served 1999–2002), on 7 January 2018, aged 79. Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand The Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand () is the second-most senior minister in the Government of New Zealand, although this seniority does not necessarily translate into power. The office was created as a ministerial portfolio in 1954. The officeholder usually deputises for the Prime Minister at official functions. The current Deputy Prime Minister is Winston Peters, the Leader of New Zealand First. Generally, the\",\n \"title\": \"Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9329455\",\n \"text\": \"services. The department serves 5 portfolios and 4 ministers. Heads of the DPMC (formerly Secretary, now the Chief Executive) are: Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (New Zealand) The Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (DPMC) (Māori: \\\"Te Tari o te Pirimia me te Rūnanga Kāwanatanga\\\") is the central public service department of New Zealand charged with providing support and advice to the Governor-General, the Prime Minister and members of the Cabinet of New Zealand. The department is also charged with centrally leading New Zealand's \\\"national security planning, which includes civil defence.\\\" The department's overall area of responsibility\",\n \"title\": \"Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20098896\",\n \"text\": \"Spouse of the Prime Minister of New Zealand The Spouse of the Prime Minister of New Zealand is an unofficial title, the holder of which, by convention, is the host or hostess of Premier House, the official residence of the Prime Minister. An unpaid position that has no official responsibilities, the role has gained significance since the 1960s, with the Prime Minister's spouse acting as a key national figure on social issues and a prominent symbol of government. The Spouse also assists the Prime Minister in welcoming foreign dignitaries to Parliament House and the official residences. The 23rd Prime Minister,\",\n \"title\": \"Spouse of the Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000147\",\n \"text\": \"of the few countries in the world to have had three female heads of government, and one of only three countries to have had a female head of government directly succeed another. The first female prime minister was Jenny Shipley of the National Party, who replaced Jim Bolger in late 1997; Shipley was succeeded by Helen Clark in 1999. Jacinda Ardern, the second female leader of the Labour Party after Clark, became prime minister in 2017. On becoming the Colony of New Zealand in 1841, New Zealand was directly governed by a governor, appointed by the Colonial Office in Britain.\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000153\",\n \"text\": \"ministerial power; in 1912 Thomas Mackenzie was the last prime minister to lose power through an unsuccessful confidence motion in the House of Representatives. One change brought about by the First World War was direct participation in governing the British Empire. Previously, New Zealand prime ministers had attended occasional colonial and imperial conferences, but they otherwise communicated with London through the governor (a position then appointed by the British government). In 1917, however, British Prime Minister David Lloyd George offered the New Zealand prime minister a seat in the Imperial War Cabinet, the British Empire's wartime coordinating body. In 1919,\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000134\",\n \"text\": \"to the national electorate. Originally the head of government was titled \\\"colonial secretary\\\" or \\\"first minister\\\". This was changed in 1869 to \\\"premier\\\". That title remained in use for more than 30 years, until Richard Seddon informally changed it to \\\"prime minister\\\" in 1901 during his tenure in the office. Following the declaration of New Zealand as a Dominion in 1907, the title of Prime Minister has been used exclusively in English. In Māori, the title \\\"\\\", meaning \\\"premier\\\", continues to be used. New Zealand prime ministers are styled as \\\"The Right Honourable\\\", a privilege they retain for life. The\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000144\",\n \"text\": \"and Cabinet. The separate Private Office of the Prime Minister provides advice and support on political party matters. The style of \\\"The Right Honourable\\\" (abbreviated to \\\"The Rt Hon\\\") is always granted to the prime minister. Former prime ministers retain this style for the remainder of their lives. The written form of address for the head of government should use his or her full parliamentary title as applicable: \\\"The Right Honourable [name], [post-nominal letters], Prime Minister of New Zealand\\\". Should a serving or former prime minister die, he or she is accorded a state funeral (subject to the approval of\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000157\",\n \"text\": \"the governor-general, speaker of the House of Representatives and chief justice, the style \\\"Right Honourable\\\" upon appointment. This decision will not affect past officeholders. As of , there are seven living former New Zealand Prime Ministers, as seen below. The most recent Prime Minister to die was David Lange (served 1984–1989), on 13 August 2005, aged 63. Within the last sixty years, a convention has also developed of appointing a Deputy Prime Minister. The deputy typically holds important ministerial portfolios and, by convention, becomes acting Prime Minister in the absence or incapacity of the Prime Minister. The deputy is commonly\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000139\",\n \"text\": \"by Cabinet, as per the convention of collective ministerial responsibility. The actual ability of a prime minister to give direct orders is largely limited; most of the position's power comes about through other means, such as: Since the introduction of the MMP electoral system, there has been an increased need for the prime minister to be able to negotiate and maintain relationships with support parties, which places some constraints on their abilities. The prime minister is also expected to take on additional portfolios. Historically, the prime minister looked after colonial and revenue portfolios. As New Zealand expanded, the role of\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9329448\",\n \"text\": \"Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (New Zealand) The Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (DPMC) (Māori: \\\"Te Tari o te Pirimia me te Rūnanga Kāwanatanga\\\") is the central public service department of New Zealand charged with providing support and advice to the Governor-General, the Prime Minister and members of the Cabinet of New Zealand. The department is also charged with centrally leading New Zealand's \\\"national security planning, which includes civil defence.\\\" The department's overall area of responsibility is in helping to provide, at an administrative level, the \\\"constitutional and institutional glue\\\" within New Zealand's parliamentary democracy. The\",\n \"title\": \"Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000148\",\n \"text\": \"Self-government was established in 1853, following the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852, and the First Parliament met on 24 May 1854. The origins of the office of prime minister are disputed. Use of the words \\\"prime minister\\\" as a descriptive term date back to the First Parliament, where they are applied to James FitzGerald and Thomas Forsaith. FitzGerald and Forsaith had no official titles, however, and New Zealand had not yet obtained self-government. As such, they are not usually considered prime ministers in any substantive sense. The first person to be formally appointed to a position of executive leadership was\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000155\",\n \"text\": \"signed a number of international treaties. In 1967, Keith Holyoake became the first New Zealand prime minister to select candidates for the position of governor-general without any involvement of the British government. Holyoake advised the monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, to appoint Sir Arthur Porritt, the first New Zealand–born governor-general. After the mixed-member proportional (MMP) system was introduced in 1996, prime ministers have had to manage minority governments. The skill of MMP management was exemplified by Helen Clark's nine years as prime minister (1999–2008), when her Labour Party remained in power thanks to a range of confidence and supply agreements with\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000154\",\n \"text\": \"Bill Massey signed the Treaty of Versailles on behalf of New Zealand, signalling both prestige within the Empire as well as a new independence for the country. Constitutional conventions adopted in 1930, following the Imperial Conference held that year, increased the domestic and international prestige of the prime minister. The Statute of Westminster 1931 confirmed that Dominions had exclusive power to make their laws. New Zealand initially resisted greater autonomy and did not adopt the statute until 1947. Increasingly, however, New Zealand began to act independently in foreign affairs. During the 1940s the prime minister's profile rose as New Zealand\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000137\",\n \"text\": \"governor-general might rarely exercise his or her reserve power to dismiss the prime minister in circumstances pertaining to a non-confidence motion against the government in parliament. The office is not defined by codified laws, but by unwritten customs known as constitutional conventions which developed in Britain and were replicated in New Zealand. These conventions are for the most part founded on the underlying principle that the prime minister and fellow ministers must not lose the confidence of the democratically elected component of parliament, the House of Representatives. The prime minister is leader of the Cabinet (itself a body existing by\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9329450\",\n \"text\": \"to the Prime Minister: The department also supports the Governor-General of New Zealand in carrying out his or her functions to represent Her Majesty the Queen of New Zealand. The department formally came into existence on 1 January 1990, as a result of a report which recommended establishing structures to provide two separate streams of advice to the Prime Minister; one, a new Government department to supply impartial advice and support to the Prime Minister and Cabinet (DPMC), and another, a Prime Minister's Private Office (which is not part of DPMC), to provide personal support and media services, and advice\",\n \"title\": \"Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2174049\",\n \"text\": \"and has always held at least one substantive portfolio. If the prime minister were to die, become incapacitated or resign, the Governor-General would normally appoint the Deputy Prime Minister as Prime Minister on an interim basis until the governing party elects a new leader, but is not obligated to do so. Little scholarly attention has focused on deputy prime ministers in New Zealand or elsewhere. In 2009, an article by Steven Barnes appeared in \\\"Political Science\\\" where nine 'qualities' of deputy prime ministership were identified: temperament; relationships with their Cabinet and caucus; relationships with their party; popularity with the public;\",\n \"title\": \"Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20456482\",\n \"text\": \"Living Prime Ministers of New Zealand This is a chronological list of all the living people who have served as Prime Minister of New Zealand at each moment in New Zealand history, which includes the then-sitting prime minister and any living former prime ministers. Former New Zealand prime ministers have transportation paid by the government when carrying out the duties of a former leader. In 2016, Radio New Zealand published a podcast series of interviews of all five of the former prime ministers, although before the series was completed, the sitting Prime Minister resigned, becoming the 6th former prime minister,\",\n \"title\": \"Living Prime Ministers of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000140\",\n \"text\": \"minister of finance became too big; Prime Minister Sir Robert Muldoon was criticised for taking on the finance portfolio during his time in office as it resulted in a large concentration of power in one individual. Before 1987, it was also common for Prime Ministers to take the role of minister of foreign affairs, so they could represent New Zealand on an international stage. More recent Prime Ministers have taken portfolios relevant to their interests, or to promote specific areas they saw as important. For example, David Lange took the education portfolio in his second term; Helen Clark took the\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2174048\",\n \"text\": \"leader of a junior party. This occurred with Winston Peters, leader of New Zealand First, and Jim Anderton, leader of the Alliance. The post of deputy prime minister was formally established in 1954. Eighteen individuals have held the position (two of them doing so twice). Of those people, only Holyoake, Marshall, Watt, Muldoon, Palmer, Clark and English have eventually served as Prime Minister. The duties of the deputy prime minister are to act on behalf of the prime minister in his or her absence overseas or on leave. The deputy prime minister has always been a member of the Cabinet,\",\n \"title\": \"Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20456484\",\n \"text\": \"period was from the January 1891 appointment of John Ballance to the July 1891 death of Frederick Weld. Living Prime Ministers of New Zealand This is a chronological list of all the living people who have served as Prime Minister of New Zealand at each moment in New Zealand history, which includes the then-sitting prime minister and any living former prime ministers. Former New Zealand prime ministers have transportation paid by the government when carrying out the duties of a former leader. In 2016, Radio New Zealand published a podcast series of interviews of all five of the former prime\",\n \"title\": \"Living Prime Ministers of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000142\",\n \"text\": \"ministers greater supervision of security and intelligence. The prime minister was also responsible for the New Zealand Security and Intelligence Service (NZSIS) and the Government Communications Security Bureau (GCSB). Under the Remuneration Authority Act 1977, and the Members of Parliament (Remuneration and Services) Act 2013, a prime minister's salary is determined annually by the Remuneration Authority, an independent body established by parliament to set salaries for members of parliament and other government officials. For the fiscal year from 1 July 2017 to 30 June 2018, the Prime Minister's salary is NZ$471,049, plus a tax-free allowance of NZ$22,606 to cover out-of-pocket\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000152\",\n \"text\": \"restrict the term of appointments to the Legislative Council. The title of \\\"prime minister\\\" was used by Richard Seddon after 1901, following New Zealand's self-exclusion from the Federation of Australia. Seddon's immediate successor, William Hall-Jones, was the first to be sworn-in as \\\"prime minister\\\", in 1906. The expanding power of the prime minister was kept in check by the need to build consensus with other leading members of Cabinet and of the governing party, including those who represented various ideological wings of the party. Other institutions, including Parliament itself and the wider state bureaucracy, also acted as limits on prime\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20098898\",\n \"text\": \"most recent spouse of a New Zealand prime minister to die was Thea Muldoon (widow of Robert Muldoon), on 24 February 2015. The Prime Minister's spouse has no official duties. Some earlier spouses stayed mainly at home and took little part in public life. However, most recent Prime Ministers' spouses have been involved in charities or community organisations, working to raise public awareness, funds, and support for a range of causes. They generally assist their partners in political campaigns, and participate in official duties that come with the position, such as hosting foreign dignitaries, and, in particular, entertaining the spouses\",\n \"title\": \"Spouse of the Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2412330\",\n \"text\": \"the field. Several New Zealand Prime Ministers including Peter Fraser, Walter Nash, Keith Holyoake, and David Lange held the External Affairs portfolio. The most recent Prime Minister to do this is Helen Clark in 2008 as Acting Minister, and prior to her was Mike Moore, in 1990. Thirteen Prime Ministers have served as Foreign Minister for all or part of their terms. New Zealand has had 27 foreign ministers (regardless of exact title). The longest-serving was Keith Holyoake, who held the post for the duration of his 11-year premiership. The second longest-serving, and the longest-serving who was not also Prime\",\n \"title\": \"Minister of Foreign Affairs (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2215105\",\n \"text\": \"Minister of Finance (New Zealand) The Minister of Finance, originally known as Colonial Treasurer, is a senior figure within the Government of New Zealand and head of the New Zealand Treasury. The position is often considered to be the most important cabinet post after that of the Prime Minister. The Minister of Finance is responsible for producing an annual New Zealand budget outlining the government's proposed expenditure. The current Minister of Finance is Grant Robertson. There are also four Associate Minister roles; they are currently held by David Clark, David Parker, Shane Jones and James Shaw. One of the Minister\",\n \"title\": \"Minister of Finance (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2215111\",\n \"text\": \"the change of government in 1999, it was reincorporated into the old Minister of Finance portfolio by Labour in 2002. Minister of Finance (New Zealand) The Minister of Finance, originally known as Colonial Treasurer, is a senior figure within the Government of New Zealand and head of the New Zealand Treasury. The position is often considered to be the most important cabinet post after that of the Prime Minister. The Minister of Finance is responsible for producing an annual New Zealand budget outlining the government's proposed expenditure. The current Minister of Finance is Grant Robertson. There are also four Associate\",\n \"title\": \"Minister of Finance (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000133\",\n \"text\": \"Prime Minister and Cabinet. The office exists by a long-established convention, which originated in New Zealand's former colonial power, the then United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The convention stipulates that the governor-general must select as prime minister the person most likely to command the support, or confidence, of the House of Representatives. This individual is typically the parliamentary leader of the political party that holds the largest number of seats in that chamber. The prime minister and Cabinet are collectively accountable for their actions to the governor-general, to the House of Representatives, to their political party, and ultimately\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9329449\",\n \"text\": \"department along with the State Services Commission, and The Treasury constitute the central agencies or public service departments leading the state sector of New Zealand. The department serves the Executive branch of government (the Governor-General, the Prime Minister and the Cabinet) through the provision of impartial advice and support services. In addition to serving the Executive, a major role of the department is to help co-ordinate the work of the core public service departments and ministries. The department supports the Prime Minister's twin roles as leader of the government and chair of Cabinet, and provides three kinds of direct support\",\n \"title\": \"Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000138\",\n \"text\": \"convention), and takes a coordinating role. The \\\"Cabinet Manual 2008\\\" provides an outline of the prime minister's powers and responsibilities. By constitutional convention, the prime minister holds formal power to advise the sovereign. This means that as long as the prime minister has the confidence of parliament, they alone may advise the monarch on: As head of government, the prime minister alone has the right to advise the governor-general to: The prime minister is regarded by convention as \\\"first among equals\\\". They do hold the most senior post in government, but are also required to adhere to any decisions taken\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13088107\",\n \"text\": \"Prime Minister (Flight of the Conchords) \\\"Prime Minister\\\" is the seventh episode of the second season of the HBO comedy series \\\"Flight of the Conchords\\\". This episode first aired in the United States on March 1, 2009. Brett and Jemaine find a flurry of activity at the New York New Zealand Consulate over the impending arrival of the Prime Minister of New Zealand. Murray also announces that he has arranged a gig for Bret and Jemaine as Simon and Garfunkel impersonators. The pair object to playing other people's music, which Murray comments is better than theirs; they sell out for\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister (Flight of the Conchords)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18320852\",\n \"text\": \"Minister of National Security and Intelligence (New Zealand) The Minister of National Security and Intelligence is a minister in the government of New Zealand who is responsible for leading and setting the policies and legislative framework of New Zealand's national security system. Some of the Minister's other known responsibilities include chairing the Cabinet National Security Committee and the Intelligence and Security Committee. This portfolio was created by the Fifth National Government on 7 October 2014 and has been held since its creation by the Prime Minister. As of 2017, the ministerial position has been held by the Prime Minister in\",\n \"title\": \"Minister of National Security and Intelligence (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000135\",\n \"text\": \"post of prime minister is, like other ministerial positions, an appointment by the governor-general on behalf of the monarch. By the conventions of responsible government, the governor-general will call to form a government the individual most likely to receive the support, or confidence, of a majority of the elected members of parliament. In making this appointment, convention requires the governor-general to act on the outcome of the electoral process and subsequent discussions between political parties; and act on the outcome of the political process by which the person who will lead the government as prime minister is identified. In practice,\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000136\",\n \"text\": \"the position falls to the parliamentary leader of the largest political party among those forming the government. The prime minister may lead a coalition government and/or a minority government dependent on support from smaller parties during confidence and supply votes. Once appointed and sworn in by the governor-general, the prime minister remains in the post until dismissal, resignation, or death in office. The prime minister, like other ministers, holds office \\\"during the pleasure of the Governor-General\\\", so theoretically, the governor-general can dismiss the prime minister at any time; however, their power to do so is heavily circumscribed by convention. The\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11088965\",\n \"text\": \"Act 1985, the Parole Act 2002, and the Sentencing Act 2002. The Minister of Corrections is also responsible for: Minister of Corrections (New Zealand) The Minister of Corrections in New Zealand is the cabinet member appointed by the Prime Minister to be in charge of the Department of Corrections. The current Minister of Corrections is Kelvin Davis. The Minister of Corrections is responsible for determining policy and exercising statutory powers and functions related to the Corrections portfolio. The Minister is also responsible to Parliament for ensuring the Department of Corrections carries out its functions properly and efficiently. Legislation related to\",\n \"title\": \"Minister of Corrections (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000143\",\n \"text\": \"official expenses such as meals, gifts, and entertainment. In addition, like all other ministers and members of parliament, the Prime Minister receives annual allowances for travel and lodging, as do the Prime Minister's spouse and children. The incumbent Prime Minister's official residence is Premier House, Tinakori Road, Wellington. Unlike the residences of certain other heads of government (e.g. the White House and 10 Downing Street), Premier House does not serve as the government headquarters; instead the Beehive is the location of the prime minister's office. The prime minister's governmental work is supported by the non-partisan Department of the Prime Minister\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11088964\",\n \"text\": \"Minister of Corrections (New Zealand) The Minister of Corrections in New Zealand is the cabinet member appointed by the Prime Minister to be in charge of the Department of Corrections. The current Minister of Corrections is Kelvin Davis. The Minister of Corrections is responsible for determining policy and exercising statutory powers and functions related to the Corrections portfolio. The Minister is also responsible to Parliament for ensuring the Department of Corrections carries out its functions properly and efficiently. Legislation related to the Corrections portfolio includes the Corrections Act 2004 (and accompanying regulations in the Corrections Regulations 2005), the Criminal Justice\",\n \"title\": \"Minister of Corrections (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2174050\",\n \"text\": \"media skills; achievements as Deputy Prime Minister; relationship with the Prime Minister; leadership ambition; and method of succession. Barnes conducted a survey of journalists, academics, and former members of parliament to rank New Zealand's deputy prime ministers since 1960. Across the nine deputy prime minister 'qualities', Don McKinnon achieved the number one ranking, followed by Brian Talboys, Michael Cullen, and John Marshall. In a second 'overall' ranking, Cullen was ranked number one, followed by Talboys, McKinnon, and Marshall. Jim Anderton, Winston Peters, and Bob Tizard were ranked lowest in both sections of the survey. As of , there are eight\",\n \"title\": \"Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11782029\",\n \"text\": \"if the incumbent is temporarily incapacitated. Whilst in other countries the term \\\"Acting Prime Minister\\\" only refers to an individual actually performing the role, in Israel the term is also in use when a designated Minister is allocated, even if they never actually perform the role. In New Zealand, the Acting Prime Minister is the designated head of government when the incumbent is not available to fulfill their duties. This includes when the Prime Minister is overseas, unwell, or otherwise temporarily unavailable. Typically this position is filled by the Deputy Prime Minister. Hugh Watt, who was then the Deputy Prime\",\n \"title\": \"Acting prime minister\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000145\",\n \"text\": \"the family). Two prime ministers who died in office were buried in mausoleums: William Massey (died 1925) in the Massey Memorial in Wellington, and Michael Joseph Savage (died 1940) in the Savage Memorial at Bastion Point in Auckland. Assuming that Henry Sewell is counted as the first prime minister, 40 individuals have held the office since it was established. Some of these people have held it on several different occasions, with the record for maximum number of times being shared between William Fox and Harry Atkinson (both of whom served four times). The longest that anyone has served in the\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18320853\",\n \"text\": \"all 3 governments. Minister of National Security and Intelligence (New Zealand) The Minister of National Security and Intelligence is a minister in the government of New Zealand who is responsible for leading and setting the policies and legislative framework of New Zealand's national security system. Some of the Minister's other known responsibilities include chairing the Cabinet National Security Committee and the Intelligence and Security Committee. This portfolio was created by the Fifth National Government on 7 October 2014 and has been held since its creation by the Prime Minister. As of 2017, the ministerial position has been held by the\",\n \"title\": \"Minister of National Security and Intelligence (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9329453\",\n \"text\": \"(PAG) is responsible for providing advice on issues of the day directly to the Prime Minister and to other ministers. A part of its job is to co-ordinate the advice coming in from different government departments, so that the Prime Minister is given coherent and impartial advice. The National Assessments Bureau (formerly the External Assessments Bureau) is one of New Zealands intelligence agencies, and provides assessments on developments overseas in support of informed policy decision-making in New Zealand's external relations. The Domestic and External Security Group co-ordinates central government action aimed at protecting New Zealand's domestic and external security, including\",\n \"title\": \"Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13289852\",\n \"text\": \"when Prime Minister Bill English named his Cabinet on 18 December 2016. Steven Joyce was named to the post, as well as Minister of Finance. Minister for Infrastructure (New Zealand) The Minister for Infrastructure is a ministerial post created in November 2008 by the Government of New Zealand, in accordance with the National party's pre-election policy. National leader Don Brash announced his intention to create the office on 18 August 2005 in the campaign for the New Zealand general election, 2005. He cited the rewriting of the Resource Management Act 1991–which he described as a \\\"major impediment\\\" to fast decisions–\",\n \"title\": \"Minister for Infrastructure (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20098899\",\n \"text\": \"of dignitaries; accompanying the Prime Ministers on national and international trips; attending conferences and functions; and speaking in public, particularly in the Prime Minister's constituency. They have attended the opening of Parliament; hosted visitors at Premier House; visited Buckingham Palace, the White House, or the Japanese Imperial Palace; and been present at royal coronations and conferences. Some Prime Ministers' spouses have received official recognition for their services to the community: Thea Muldoon was the first spouse of a Prime Minister to be provided with an official secretary for dealing with her correspondence. Domestic partner; unmarried. Spouse of the Prime Minister\",\n \"title\": \"Spouse of the Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2215108\",\n \"text\": \"existed since 1841. Apart from the office of Prime Minister itself, the only other cabinet posts to have existed since the first cabinet are those of Attorney-General and Minister of Internal Affairs. Originally, the holder of the post was designated \\\"Colonial Treasurer\\\", but this term was replaced with \\\"Minister of Finance\\\" shortly after New Zealand ceased to be a Colony and became a Dominion. This occurred in 1907, during the cabinet of Joseph Ward. In the past, several Prime Ministers took on the post of Minister of Finance themselves, though in recent times this practice has declined. Robert Muldoon, the\",\n \"title\": \"Minister of Finance (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"322247\",\n \"text\": \"Bahrain's prime minister, Sheikh Khalifah bin Sulman Al Khalifah has been in the post since 1970, making him the longest serving non-elected prime minister. The post of prime minister may be encountered both in constitutional monarchies (such as Belgium, Denmark, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Malaysia, Morocco, Spain, Sweden, Thailand, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom), and in parliamentary republics in which the head of state is an elected official (such as Finland, the Czech Republic, France, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia (1945-1959), Ireland, Pakistan, Portugal, Montenegro, Croatia, Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia and Turkey (1923-2018)). See also \\\"First Minister\\\", \\\"Premier\\\",\",\n \"title\": \"Prime minister\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000151\",\n \"text\": \"affairs, which was eventually to fall within the premier's powers. The political position of the premier was enhanced by the development of modern political parties; premier John Ballance organised the first formal party in New Zealand, forming the Liberal Government in 1891. (Subsequent governments were led by prime ministers from the Reform, United, Labour and National parties). Although not every government would have a large majority, the party system and tight control of party members by whips helped heads of government to direct the passage of legislation in the House of Representatives. In 1893, the premier gained the ability to\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2412331\",\n \"text\": \"Minister, was Don McKinnon, who became Commonwealth Secretary-General. Minister of Foreign Affairs (New Zealand) The Minister of Foreign Affairs is a senior member of the Government of New Zealand heading the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade and responsible for relations with foreign countries. The current Minister of Foreign Affairs is Winston Peters, who has held the position since 2017. The Minister of Foreign Affairs is responsible for overseeing New Zealand's relations with foreign countries and the promotion of New Zealand's interests abroad. The Minister is in charge of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, including New Zealand's diplomatic\",\n \"title\": \"Minister of Foreign Affairs (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7970404\",\n \"text\": \"and the New Zealand Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. Before 1911, the Prime Minister had no department of his own as such. The Prime Minister was concurrently the Minister for External Affairs, and used the services of the Department of External Affairs. On 1 July 1911, the Prime Minister's Department was created. On 11 March 1968, a separate Department of the Cabinet Office was created. On 12 March 1971, these two departments were merged to create the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. The Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet portfolio includes the following ministers: The\",\n \"title\": \"Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (Australia)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19254692\",\n \"text\": \"Minister of Immigration receives operational support from Immigration New Zealand, which is part of the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE). MBIE's Immigration Policy Team advises the Minister on policy matters. The Immigration Minister also has jurisdiction over both the Immigration Advisers Authority, which provides licenses to service people who provide immigration advice to prospective immigrants, and the Immigration Advisers Complaints and Disciplinary Tribunal. The Minister of Immigration is regulated by the Immigration Act 2009 and the Immigration Advisers Licensing Act. The following ministers have held the office of Minister of Immigration. Minister of Immigration (New Zealand) The Minister\",\n \"title\": \"Minister of Immigration (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2445757\",\n \"text\": \"provides that upon the accession to the office each Prime Minister must gain and thereafter maintain the confidence of the Parliament. As soon as the Prime Minister loses the confidence he or she is forced to resign and the President is obliged to choose a new Prime Minister. The Prime Minister is the most powerful office in state, since they command and preside over the Government. The President appoints the Prime Minister who appoints other Ministers of the Cabinet of the Czech Republic. The official residence of the Prime Minister of the Czech Republic is Kramář's Villa (Czech: \\\"Kramářova vila\\\").\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of the Czech Republic\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10656209\",\n \"text\": \"Minister of Defence (New Zealand) The Minister of Defence is a minister in the government of New Zealand with responsibility for the New Zealand armed forces and the Ministry of Defence. The present Minister is Ron Mark, a member of New Zealand First. Initially, military affairs in New Zealand were controlled by the British colonial authorities, without input from Parliament, and there was no Minister of Defence as such. However, senior military officers did serve as members of the Executive Council. Three such appointments were made: Lieutenant Colonel Robert Wynyard, Major General Thomas Simson Pratt, and Lieutenant General Duncan Alexander\",\n \"title\": \"Minister of Defence (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1924593\",\n \"text\": \"1923 to reflect the changes the Romanian state had undergone since the Treaty of Versailles and the Treaty of Trianon. The new constitution limited the powers of the King, vesting the executive power entirely in the Prime Minister and his Cabinet who now governed in the King's name after the latter appointed him. The new constitution also made the first steps towards a parliamentary control of the government, stipulating that either of the chambers may put ministers under accusation to stand trial. There are 13 living former Romanian Prime Ministers: The most recent death of a former Prime Minister of\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of Romania\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3208469\",\n \"text\": \"that upon the accession to the office each Prime Minister must gain and thereafter maintain the confidence of the Parliament. As soon as the Prime Minister loses the confidence, the President is obliged to dismiss him and designate a new Prime Minister or entrust the dismissed Prime Minister to act as a caretaker with limited powers. The Prime Minister is the most powerful office in state, since he commands and presides over the Government. Although it is not the Prime Minister but the President who appoints Ministers in Cabinet, the President appoints Ministers on the advice of the Prime Minister.\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of Slovakia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9512743\",\n \"text\": \"minister belongs to the person who commands the support of a majority of members in the House of Representatives. The position is determined also by several other factors, such as support agreements between parties and internal leadership votes in the party that leads the Government. The prime minister and other ministers are \\\"formally\\\" appointed by the governor-general (who is the Queen's viceregal representative in New Zealand). In practice, the governor-general acts on the advice of the prime minister in appointing ministers. The term \\\"Government of New Zealand\\\" can have a number of different meanings. At its widest, it can refer\",\n \"title\": \"Government of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13088108\",\n \"text\": \"$50 each. At the nightclub, they perform an out-of-sync \\\"Scarborough Fair\\\", socialise with various musical impersonators, and Jemaine is picked up by an Art Garfunkel fanatic (Mary Lynn Rajskub). The following day the Prime Minister of New Zealand, Brian, arrives and Murray has Jemaine and Bret give him a cultural tour of New York City. The subsequent tour of New York only shows them at the Pawn Shop discussing what reality is as per the movie \\\"The Matrix\\\", the movie having only just come out in New Zealand (a decade after its USA release). Both Dave and Brian believe the\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister (Flight of the Conchords)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1769489\",\n \"text\": \"Prime Minister of Finland The Prime Minister of Finland (, ) is the head of the Finnish Government. The prime minister is Finland's head of government and is formally appointed by the President. Finland's first prime minister was Pehr Evind Svinhufvud, who was appointed to the post on 27 November 1917. Finland's incumbent prime minister is Juha Sipilä of the Centre Party. Under the provisions of the Constitution of Finland, the president nominates a prime minister after the parties in the parliament have negotiated the distribution of seats in the new Council of State and the government's programme. The parliament\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of Finland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2412325\",\n \"text\": \"Minister of Foreign Affairs (New Zealand) The Minister of Foreign Affairs is a senior member of the Government of New Zealand heading the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade and responsible for relations with foreign countries. The current Minister of Foreign Affairs is Winston Peters, who has held the position since 2017. The Minister of Foreign Affairs is responsible for overseeing New Zealand's relations with foreign countries and the promotion of New Zealand's interests abroad. The Minister is in charge of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, including New Zealand's diplomatic staff. The office is often considered to be\",\n \"title\": \"Minister of Foreign Affairs (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5606177\",\n \"text\": \"now both head of government and head of state. The office of the President of the Council of Government was created by Constitution of the Philippines on Title IX, with the role as the head of secretaries to the President of the Republic. The first President of the Council was Apolinario Mabini, who also happened to be the concurrent Minister of Foreign Affairs. The President of the Council is equivalent to present-day Prime Minister, having the management of the day-to-day operations of the government. The Constitution provided clear powers and duties of the Prime Minister starting at the administration of\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of the Philippines\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20177874\",\n \"text\": \"Leader of the House (New Zealand) In the New Zealand Parliament, the Leader of the House is the government minister appointed by the Prime Minister of New Zealand to be responsible for the management of government business in the House of Representatives. The Leader of the House is also an \\\"ex officio\\\" member of the Parliamentary Service Commission. The first Leader of the House was appointed in 1978, although similar offices had existed in Australia since 1951 and the United Kingdom for several centuries. The responsibilities of the Leader of the House were previously functions exercised by the Prime Minister.\",\n \"title\": \"Leader of the House (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11782024\",\n \"text\": \"to an outgoing Prime Minister following an electoral defeat, and who by convention does not implement new policies or an interim Prime Minister who is appointed to perform a similar role to a caretaker Prime Minister, but who is typically not a Prime Minister at the time of being appointed. Within a Commonwealth nation, the office of Acting Prime Minister, like that of Prime Minister is found only in convention, and is not legislated. The Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet, or an equivalent ministry, drafts, reviews and publishes any formal conventions (though these are expressly non binding in a\",\n \"title\": \"Acting prime minister\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10705156\",\n \"text\": \"while not part of the Ministry, are considered a responsibility of the Minister of Health. Minister of Health (New Zealand) The Minister of Health, formerly styled Minister of Public Health, is a minister in the government of New Zealand with responsibility for the New Zealand Ministry of Health and the District Health Boards. The present Minister is David Clark, a member of the Labour Party. The first Minister of Public Health was appointed in 1900, during the premiership of Richard Seddon. The word \\\"Public\\\" was dropped from the title when Sir Māui Pōmare took over the portfolio from 27 June\",\n \"title\": \"Minister of Health (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10705154\",\n \"text\": \"Minister of Health (New Zealand) The Minister of Health, formerly styled Minister of Public Health, is a minister in the government of New Zealand with responsibility for the New Zealand Ministry of Health and the District Health Boards. The present Minister is David Clark, a member of the Labour Party. The first Minister of Public Health was appointed in 1900, during the premiership of Richard Seddon. The word \\\"Public\\\" was dropped from the title when Sir Māui Pōmare took over the portfolio from 27 June 1923, as simply \\\"Minister of Health\\\". In the health system reforms of the 1980s, the\",\n \"title\": \"Minister of Health (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2204836\",\n \"text\": \"created, the term of office of the President, and therefore the term of office of the Prime Minister, was shortened to 4 years. In 2012, after amendments to the Constitution the term of the President and Prime Minister was increased to 6 years. Russian law does not specify who should become acting Prime Minister in case of his incapacity. Despite the presence of several Vice Prime Ministers, the President appoints the acting Prime Minister, and not always the acting Head of Government is his Deputy. Very often, the acting Prime Minister later proposed the State Duma as the new Prime\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1000146\",\n \"text\": \"office is 13 years, a record set by Richard Seddon. The first holder of the office, Henry Sewell, led the country for the shortest total time; his only term lasted just 13 days. The shortest term belonged to Harry Atkinson, whose third term lasted only seven days, but Atkinson served longer in total than did Sewell. The youngest was Edward Stafford, who was appointed Premier in 1856, at 37 years, 40 days old. The oldest was Walter Nash, who was 78 years old when he left office in 1960 (and 75 upon taking office in 1957). New Zealand is one\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7511122\",\n \"text\": \"who then recommended appointments to the sovereign. In 1967 the first New Zealand-born Governor-General, Sir Arthur Porritt (later Lord Porritt), was appointed to the office, on the advice of the New Zealand Prime Minister, Sir Keith Holyoake. Porritt's appointment was followed by Sir Denis Blundell in 1972, who was the first fully New Zealand-resident Governor-General. In 1983, letters patent were issued once again, further reducing the powers of the office. The new letters patent were counter-signed by the New Zealand Prime Minister, symbolising the \\\"patriation\\\" of the office. Following the 1984 constitutional crisis, the 1852 Constitution Act was replaced by\",\n \"title\": \"Governor-General of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20684864\",\n \"text\": \"the Board\\\". When the National Party forms the Parliamentary Opposition, as it currently does, the Leader of the Party usually acts as the Leader of the Opposition. When the National Party is in Government the Leader generally becomes the Prime Minister of New Zealand. In 1949, Sidney Holland became the first National Prime Minister. Of the twelve people to hold the leadership, eight have served as Prime Minister. Dame Jenny Shipley was the first—and, , the only—female National Party Leader. Key:<br> <br> \\\"PM\\\": Prime Minister<br> \\\"LO\\\": Leader of the Opposition Leader of the New Zealand National Party The Leader of\",\n \"title\": \"Leader of the New Zealand National Party\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2526907\",\n \"text\": \"1944 Speech from the Throne the Governor-General announced the government's intention to adopt the Statute of Westminster. It was forced to abandon the proposal when the opposition accused the government of being disloyal to Britain at a time of need. Ironically, the National opposition prompted the adoption of the statute in 1947 when its leader, and future prime minister, Sidney Holland introduced a private member's bill to abolish the Legislative Council. Because New Zealand required the consent of the British Parliament to make the necessary amendments to the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852, Peter Fraser, now Prime Minister, had a\",\n \"title\": \"Dominion of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"282889\",\n \"text\": \"Jacinda Ardern, Labour leader, became Prime Minister, with Winston Peters becoming Deputy Prime Minister. The Labour government also has a confidence and supply agreement with the Green Party. Politics of New Zealand The politics of New Zealand function within a framework of a unitary parliamentary representative democracy. New Zealand is a constitutional monarchy in which a hereditary monarch—since 6 February 1952, Queen Elizabeth II—is the sovereign and head of state. The New Zealand Parliament holds legislative power and consists of the Queen and the House of Representatives. The Queen is usually represented by the Governor-General of New Zealand. Members are\",\n \"title\": \"Politics of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"327696\",\n \"text\": \"the First World War, around the time of Robert Borden's premiership. While contemporary sources will still speak of early prime ministers of Canada as \\\"premier\\\", the modern practice is such that the federal head of government is known almost exclusively as the \\\"prime minister\\\", while the provincial and territorial heads of government are termed \\\"premiers\\\" (save for within Quebec and New Brunswick, where the premiers are addressed in French as \\\"Premier ministre du [province]\\\", literally translated as \\\"Prime Minister of [province]\\\"). The Prime Minister–designate of Canada refers to the person who has been designated as the future prime minister by\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of Canada\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1605580\",\n \"text\": \"Prime Minister of Sweden The Prime Minister (, literally \\\"Minister of the State\\\") is the head of government in Sweden. Before the creation of the office of a Prime Minister in 1876, Sweden did not have a head of government separate from its head of state, namely the King, in whom the executive authority was vested. Louis Gerhard De Geer, the architect behind the new bicameral Riksdag of 1866 that replaced the centuries-old Riksdag of the Estates, became the first officeholder in 1876. The current Prime Minister of Sweden is Stefan Löfven, leader of the Swedish Social Democratic Party who\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of Sweden\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"282863\",\n \"text\": \"a formal committee consisting of all ministers. Members of the Executive Council are required to be members of Parliament (MPs), and most are also in the Cabinet. Cabinet is the most senior policy-making body and is led by the Prime Minister, who is also, by convention, the parliamentary leader of the governing party or coalition. The Prime Minister, being the \\\"de facto\\\" leader of New Zealand, exercises executive functions that are formally vested in the monarch (by way of the royal prerogative powers). Cabinet is directly responsible to the New Zealand Parliament, from which its members are derived; ministers are\",\n \"title\": \"Politics of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2281568\",\n \"text\": \"resignation, the law allows the President of Russia to choose \\\"any\\\" of the current vice-premiers to serve as an \\\"acting\\\" Prime Minister until the confirmation of the new government. Deputy prime minister A deputy prime minister or vice prime minister is, in some countries, a government minister who can take the position of acting prime minister when the prime minister is temporarily absent. The position is often likened to that of a vice president, but is significantly different even though both positions are \\\"number two\\\" offices. The position of deputy prime minister should not be confused with the Canadian Deputy\",\n \"title\": \"Deputy prime minister\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"335658\",\n \"text\": \"most seats, it was the Likud leader Benjamin Netanyahu who was given the task of forming a government. He was able to do so, thus beginning his second term as Prime Minister of Israel. In the 2013 election, the Likud Yisrael Beiteinu alliance emerged as the largest faction. After forming a coalition, Netanyahu secured his third prime ministership. If the prime minister dies in office, the cabinet chooses an interim prime minister, to run the government until a new government is placed in power. Yigal Allon served as interim prime minister following Levi Eshkol's death, as did Shimon Peres following\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of Israel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10653383\",\n \"text\": \"Minister of Agriculture (New Zealand) The Minister of Agriculture is a ministerial portfolio in the government of New Zealand. It existed from 1889 until 2012, when the Ministry got merged into the larger Ministry of Primary Industries, and again from 2017 onwards as part of the Labour coalition government. George Richardson was the first holder of the office, and David Carter of the New Zealand National Party was the last before the merge. In the end, there was no Associate Minister of Agriculture, although the position had existed in the past. Carter became the first Minister of Primary Industries. During\",\n \"title\": \"Minister of Agriculture (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8832396\",\n \"text\": \"The Key (Yes, Prime Minister) “The Key” is the fourth episode of the BBC comedy series \\\"Yes, Prime Minister\\\" and was first broadcast 30 January 1986. Jim Hacker is in the Cabinet Room in 10 Downing Street and is visited by his political advisor, Dorothy Wainwright. She is unhappy that she has been moved from her office, which used to be next door and is now a waiting room, and assigned new quarters in the attic. The Prime Minister had apparently acted upon advice from the Cabinet Secretary, Sir Humphrey Appleby. Dorothy tells Hacker that the civil service has been\",\n \"title\": \"The Key (Yes, Prime Minister)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10777603\",\n \"text\": \"Court and Minister of Corrections. The former has since been absorbed back into the Justice portfolio, but the latter is still independent. Minister of Justice (New Zealand) The Minister of Justice (in Māori: \\\"Tāhū o te Ture\\\") is a minister in the government of New Zealand. The minister has responsibility for the formulation of justice policy and for the administration of law courts. The current Minister of Justice is Andrew Little. The previous Minister of Justice, Amy Adams (politician), a member of the National Party, resigned from her ministerial positions on 26 October 2017, following a change in government, with\",\n \"title\": \"Minister of Justice (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3208470\",\n \"text\": \"Designated Prime Minister of Slovakia () is an unofficial title for a person who has been entrusted by the President of the Slovak Republic with forming a new government and replacing the outgoing Prime Minister. This title, as well as the authorization of the president to entrust the designated PM, is not set by an act but is a legal or, more precisely, constitutional tradition. According to this tradition, the President designates a person who has support of the majority of deputies in the National Council. Minister plenipotentiary for administration of Slovakia Land President of Slovakia Prime Ministers of the\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of Slovakia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7511076\",\n \"text\": \"for the governor-general is provided by the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. The New Zealand monarch appoints the governor-general by commission issued under the Seal of New Zealand. Constitutional convention adopted in 1930, following the Imperial Conference held that year, allowed for the appointment of the governor-general to be made upon the advice of the New Zealand Government, though that right was not exercised directly by a New Zealand prime minister until 1967. The prime minister's advice has sometimes been the result of a decision by Cabinet; there is no requirement for this, and there have been a\",\n \"title\": \"Governor-General of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2215110\",\n \"text\": \"Muldoon as too arrogant and ambitious for his own good. After the 1996 elections, the role of the Minister of Finance was split between two portfolios – that of Minister of Finance and that of Treasurer. The position of Treasurer was senior to that of the Minister of Finance, and was created as part of the coalition agreement between the National Party and New Zealand First. It was established especially for Winston Peters, leader of New Zealand First, who demanded it as part of the deal. When Peters ended the coalition, the position reverted to the National Party, and after\",\n \"title\": \"Minister of Finance (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10777600\",\n \"text\": \"Minister of Justice (New Zealand) The Minister of Justice (in Māori: \\\"Tāhū o te Ture\\\") is a minister in the government of New Zealand. The minister has responsibility for the formulation of justice policy and for the administration of law courts. The current Minister of Justice is Andrew Little. The previous Minister of Justice, Amy Adams (politician), a member of the National Party, resigned from her ministerial positions on 26 October 2017, following a change in government, with the Labour Party taking charge, following the 2017 general election. The first Minister of Justice was appointed in 1870. This was followed\",\n \"title\": \"Minister of Justice (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11223113\",\n \"text\": \"Prime minister-designate The term prime minister-designate is used to refer to a person who is expected to succeed an incumbent as prime minister as the result of a general election, as a result of winning the leadership of a currently governing party or after being named by the head of state to form a new government after a public referendum or vote of no confidence against the sitting prime minister. In the Westminster system, the head of state or his/her representative has the sole prerogative to appoint a new prime minister upon the resignation, dismissal or death of the incumbent\",\n \"title\": \"Prime minister-designate\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19254691\",\n \"text\": \"Minister of Immigration (New Zealand) The Minister of Immigration was established by the First Labour Government in 1940. Note that while Martin has the first minister (in 1946) as Angus McLagan , Wilson and Wood have David Wilson and Paddy Webb preceding him (from 1940). The current minister is Iain Lees-Galloway while the Associate Minister of Immigration is Kris Faafoi. The Minister of Immigration is responsible for leading the policy and strategic direction of the New Zealand immigration system and setting the rules and criteria for the granting of visas and entry permission, and making decisions in individual cases. The\",\n \"title\": \"Minister of Immigration (New Zealand)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3977468\",\n \"text\": \"Ministers of the New Zealand Government Ministers, in the New Zealand Government, are members of Parliament who hold ministerial warrants from the Crown to perform certain functions of government. This includes formulating and implementing policies and advising the governor-general. Ministers collectively make up the executive branch of the New Zealand state. In practice, the governor-general is obliged to follow the advice of the prime minister on the appointment and dismissal of ministers. All ministers serve concurrently as councillors of the Executive Council of New Zealand. These executives are also formally titled \\\"ministers of the Crown\\\", as in other Commonwealth realms.\",\n \"title\": \"Ministers of the New Zealand Government\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20456483\",\n \"text\": \"but he declined to participate in the series. In 2017, four of the then-six former PMs spoke jointly about increasing refugee immigration to New Zealand. There have been four time periods when there was only one living Prime Minister, first with the appointment of Henry Sewell in 1856 and most recently during the second term of Keith Holyoake following the 1968 death of Walter Nash. There have been two time periods when 12 living current or former prime ministers co-existed, with the longest being a three-year period beginning with the first appointment of Robert Stout in 1884. The most recent\",\n \"title\": \"Living Prime Ministers of New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18141513\",\n \"text\": \"Prime Minister of the Bahamas The Prime Minister of The Bahamas is the head of government of the Bahamas, currently Hubert Minnis. Minnis, as leader of the governing Free National Movement party (FNM), He was sworn in as Prime Minister on 11 May 2017, succeeding Progressive Liberal Party (PLP) leader Perry Christie. This was a result of the FNM's victory in the Bahamas general election of May 10, 2017. The Prime Minister is formally appointed into office by the Governor General of the Bahamas, who represents Elizabeth II, the Queen of the Bahamas (The Bahamian Head of State). The following\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of the Bahamas\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2554287\",\n \"text\": \"the Central Military Commission and the Central Police Party Committee. The tenure of a prime minister is five years, and the term is renewable once. The current prime minister Nguyễn Xuân Phúc has served since 2016. In case of incapacity, a deputy prime minister assumes the office of acting prime minister until the prime minister resumes duty, or until the appointment of a new prime minister. The powers and prestige of the prime minister have varied through the years. Pham Van Dong, Vietnam's second prime minister, often lamented that in practice he had little power. Since the death of Pham\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of Vietnam\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3263354\",\n \"text\": \"of chief minister, which was created in 1975. If the prime minister dies, as has happened on one occasion, the deputy prime minister becomes acting prime minister until a new one is elected by parliament. The prime minister can lose his office by resigning, being defeated in a no confidence vote by parliament, or losing his seat in a parliamentary election. Several former prime ministers have been appointed the Governor-General of Tuvalu. Prime Minister of Tuvalu The Prime Minister of Tuvalu is the head of government of Tuvalu. According to Tuvalu's constitution, the prime minister must always be a member\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of Tuvalu\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1924591\",\n \"text\": \"d'etat, followed by a constitutional referendum that replaced the Convention of Paris, an act that served as the constitution of the country, with his own version named the Statute expanding the Paris Convention (). The new constitution created the Senate for serving Cuza's legislative purposes and vested the office of the Prince with full executive authority, while the Prime Minister remained his subordinate. Even though Cuza now had plenary powers, the office the Prime Minister remained influent, and Mihail Kogălniceanu, the 3rd Prime Minister, a liberal and former ally of Cuza often clashed with him. After Cuza's removal by coup\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of Romania\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"322416\",\n \"text\": \"Prime Minister of Australia The Prime Minister of Australia is the head of government of Australia. The individual who holds the office is the most senior Minister of State, the leader of the Cabinet. The Prime Minister also has the responsibility of administering the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, and is the chair of the National Security Committee and the Council of Australian Governments. The office of Prime Minister is not mentioned in the Constitution of Australia but exists through Westminster political convention. The individual who holds the office is commissioned by the Governor-General of Australia and at\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of Australia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6220171\",\n \"text\": \"council of ministers shall continue to work until another council of ministers is constituted. Provided that, in the case of the death of the Prime Minister, the senior most minister shall continue to act as Prime Minister until a new Prime Minister is appointed. As of 2019, there are following living former prime ministers: Prime Minister of Nepal The Prime Minister of Nepal () is the leader of the executive body (i.e. the Government of Nepal). The prime minister is the head of the Council of Ministers of Nepal. He/she should be member of the House of the Representative Pratinidhi\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of Nepal\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"327979\",\n \"text\": \"Crown a leadership role in the Commons; and, the Lord Treasurer assumed a leading position among Ministers. The power of financial initiative was not, however, absolute. Only Ministers might initiate money bills, but Parliament now reviewed and consented to them. Standing Order 66 therefore represents the beginnings of Ministerial responsibility and accountability. The term \\\"Prime Minister\\\" appears at this time as an unofficial title for the leader of the government, usually the Head of the Treasury. Jonathan Swift, for example, wrote in 1713 about \\\"those who are now commonly called Prime Minister among us\\\", referring to Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of the United Kingdom\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"335661\",\n \"text\": \"Since 1974, the official residence of the prime minister is Beit Aghion, at the corner of Balfour and Smolenskin streets in Rehavia. As of March 2017, there are two living former Prime Ministers. The most recent Prime Minister to die was Shimon Peres (1977; 1984–1986; 1995–1996), who died on 28 September 2016. Benjamin Netanyahu, who served as Prime Minister from 1996 to 1999, is currently serving and is thus excluded from this list. Prime Minister of Israel The Prime Minister of Israel (, \\\"Rosh HaMemshala\\\", \\\"lit.\\\" Head of the Government, Hebrew acronym: ; , \\\"Ra'īs al-Ḥukūma\\\") is the head of\",\n \"title\": \"Prime Minister of Israel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4054293\",\n \"text\": \"Tinwald, New Zealand Tinwald is a town in Canterbury, New Zealand, now little more than a suburb of Ashburton. It lies to the south of the larger town, separated from it by the Ashburton River. The town was named after Tinwald Downs in Scotland, birthplace of early resident and owner of much of the land, Robert Wilkin. Prominent former citizens of Tinwald include William Massey, who was Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1912 to 1925. The Main South Line section of the South Island Main Trunk Railway runs through Tinwald, and from 1878 until 1968, the town acted as\",\n \"title\": \"Tinwald, New Zealand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10656211\",\n \"text\": \"Minister of Defence was formally appointed, and not until 1887 that the post was given to someone who was not simultaneously Minister of Native Affairs. During World War II, the post was supplemented by several others — a Minister of National Service (conscription), a Minister of Supply and Munitions, a Minister in Charge of War Expenditure, and a Minister of Armed Forces and War Co-ordination. All were part of the special War Cabinet, but only the first was a member of the regular domestic Cabinet. Minister of Defence (New Zealand) The Minister of Defence is a minister in the government\",\n \"title\": \"Minister of Defence (New Zealand)\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["john key"],"string":"[\n \"john key\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":577,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"what did nick carter sister died of?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"6629604","text":"Over Me\", \"California\", \"Second Wind\", \"Swet\" and \"In Over My Head\" have a combination of Dance-pop and Teenpop feel. And \"I Will Wait\" is an emotional ballad song inspired by Ed Sheeran, with a clear acoustic guitar sound. \"I Will Wait\" is the first single of the album, released on September 12, 2015 on iTunes, and September 22 on Vevo. The song climbed to No. 1 on the \"Billboard\" Trending 140 Chart. On September 24, Nick Carter performed the song on the finale of Dancing With The Stars. On November 27, as Nick Carter announced on Twitter, the duet song","title":"All American (Nick Carter album)"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6629604\",\n \"text\": \"Over Me\\\", \\\"California\\\", \\\"Second Wind\\\", \\\"Swet\\\" and \\\"In Over My Head\\\" have a combination of Dance-pop and Teenpop feel. And \\\"I Will Wait\\\" is an emotional ballad song inspired by Ed Sheeran, with a clear acoustic guitar sound. \\\"I Will Wait\\\" is the first single of the album, released on September 12, 2015 on iTunes, and September 22 on Vevo. The song climbed to No. 1 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Trending 140 Chart. On September 24, Nick Carter performed the song on the finale of Dancing With The Stars. On November 27, as Nick Carter announced on Twitter, the duet song\",\n \"title\": \"All American (Nick Carter album)\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"10014027","text":"program's announcer. The series ended on September 25, 1955. Chick Carter, Boy Detective was a serial adventure that aired weekday afternoons on Mutual. Chick Carter, the adopted son of Nick Carter, was played by Bill Lipton (1943-44) and Leon Janney (1944-45). The series aired from July 5, 1943 to July 6, 1945. Nick Carter, Master Detective Nick Carter, Master Detective was a Mutual radio crime drama based on tales of the fictional private detective Nick Carter from Street & Smith's dime novels and pulp magazines. Nick Carter first came to radio as The Return of Nick Carter, a reference to","title":"Nick Carter, Master Detective"},{"psg_id":"4341021","text":"1908, and enjoyed considerable success. Further adaptations followed with \"Nouvelles aventures de Nick Carter\" in 1909, and the character was revived for a confrontation with a master criminal in \"Zigomar contre Nick Carter\" in 1912. American actor Eddie Constantine played the title roles in the French-made spy films \"Nick Carter va tout casser\" (1964) and \"Nick Carter et le trèfle rouge\" (1965). In one curiously circular and self-referential scene, Constantine (as Carter) enters a house where he finds a large collection of \"Nick Carter\" pulp magazines and other \"Nick Carter\" memorabilia. Both films are unconnected to the Killmaster book series.","title":"Nick Carter (literary character)"},{"psg_id":"10014023","text":"Nick Carter, Master Detective Nick Carter, Master Detective was a Mutual radio crime drama based on tales of the fictional private detective Nick Carter from Street & Smith's dime novels and pulp magazines. Nick Carter first came to radio as The Return of Nick Carter, a reference to the character's pulp origins, but the title was soon changed to Nick Carter, Master Detective. A veteran radio dramatist, Ferrin Fraser, wrote many of the scripts. With Lon Clark in the title role, the series commenced 11 April 1943, on Mutual, continuing in many different timeslots for well over a decade. Between","title":"Nick Carter, Master Detective"},{"psg_id":"4341016","text":"magazine, \"Nick Carter Weekly\". The serialized stories in \"Nick Carter Weekly\" were also reprinted as stand-alone titles under the New Magnet Library imprint. By 1915, \"Nick Carter Weekly\" had ceased publication and Street & Smith had replaced it with \"Detective Story Magazine\", which focused on a more varied cast of characters. There was a brief attempt at reviving Carter in 1924–27 in \"Detective Story Magazine\", but it was not successful. In the 1930s, due to the success of \"The Shadow\" and \"Doc Savage\", Street & Smith revived Nick Carter in a pulp magazine (called \"Nick Carter Detective Magazine\") that ran","title":"Nick Carter (literary character)"},{"psg_id":"9569720","text":"Nick Carter-Killmaster Nick Carter-Killmaster is a series of spy adventures published from 1964 until 1990, first by Award Books, then by Ace Books, and finally by Jove Books. At least 261 novels were published. The character is an update of a pulp fiction private detective named Nick Carter first published in 1886. No actual author is credited for the books, with the Nick Carter name being used as a house pseudonym. Volumes varied between first person and third person narrative. Authors known to have contributed entries in the series are Michael Avallone, Valerie Moolman, Manning Lee Stokes, Dennis Lynds, Gayle","title":"Nick Carter-Killmaster"},{"psg_id":"4383814","text":"Lauren Kitt, a fitness trainer whom he met through his brother and sister, in the Florida Keys. They were married on April 12, 2014, in Santa Barbara, California. On October 27, 2015, it was revealed by multiple sources that Nick and his wife Lauren were expecting their first child together. On November 2, the couple found out the gender of their baby live on \"Dancing with the Stars\". On April 19, 2016 after a successful home-birth, the two welcomed their son Odin Reign Carter. On January 13, 2016, Carter was arrested in Key West, Florida, and booked on misdemeanor battery","title":"Nick Carter (musician)"},{"psg_id":"4867184","text":"Leslie Carter Leslie Barbara Carter (June 6, 1986 – January 31, 2012) was an American pop singer best known as the sister of Backstreet Boys member Nick Carter and singer Aaron Carter. Leslie Carter was born in Tampa, Florida, the third of five children of Jane Elizabeth (née Spaulding) and Robert Carter (1952-2017). She was born at the Garden Villa Retirement Home, where the Carter family were living and working at the time. She was the older sister of Aaron Carter and his twin sister Angel and the younger sister of BJ Carter and Nick Carter. On September 12, 2008,","title":"Leslie Carter"},{"psg_id":"4341026","text":"to \"The Shadow Comics\". Some of these appearances were in text stories. Chick appeared in \"The Shadow Comics\", some of which were in text stories. There was also \"Nick Carter\", a 1972 Italian comic strip featuring detective Nick Carter. Nick Carter (literary character) Nick Carter is a fictional character that began as a dime novel private detective in 1886 and has appeared in a variety of formats over more than a century. Nick Carter first appeared in the story paper \"New York Weekly\" (Vol. 41 No. 46, September 18, 1886) in a 13-week serial, \"The Old Detective's Pupil; or, The","title":"Nick Carter (literary character)"},{"psg_id":"4341022","text":"The actor Walter Pidgeon portrayed the detective Nick Carter in a trilogy of films released by the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer company. Though MGM purchased the rights to a large number of Nick Carter stories, the films used original screenplays. In the 1944 movie \"The Thin Man Goes Home\", the detective character Nick Charles (William Powell) is seen reading a \"Nick Carter Detective\" magazine while relaxing in a hammock. Columbia could not afford the rights to produce a Nick Carter serial, so they made one about his son instead; \"Chick Carter, Detective\" appeared in 1946. In 1972, the actor Robert Conrad made a","title":"Nick Carter (literary character)"},{"psg_id":"9569724","text":"earlier Nick Carter and included a Nick Carter detective short story alongside a Killmaster adventure. Nick Carter uses three main weapons during the course of the series, all of which are named, and have histories. The gun, Wilhelmina, is a stripped down German Luger. In the earliest stories, Carter got the gun off a German officer during a harrowing mission during World War II. Later stories state that he has had a series of Lugers, all named Wilhelmina. The knife, Hugo, is a pearl-handled 400-year-old stiletto crafted by Benvenuto Cellini. The blade retracts into the handle, and the whole thing","title":"Nick Carter-Killmaster"},{"psg_id":"4383817","text":"memoir \"Facing the Music and Living to Talk About It\". Nick Carter (musician) Nickolas Gene Carter (born January 28, 1980) is an American musician and actor. He is best known as a member of the pop group the Backstreet Boys. As of 2015, Carter has released three solo albums, \"Now or Never\", \"I'm Taking Off\" and \"All American\" during breaks between Backstreet Boys schedules, and a collaboration with Jordan Knight titled \"Nick & Knight\". He has made occasional television appearances and starred in his own reality shows, \"House of Carters\" and \"I (Heart) Nick Carter\". He gained fame in the","title":"Nick Carter (musician)"},{"psg_id":"4383798","text":"Nick Carter (musician) Nickolas Gene Carter (born January 28, 1980) is an American musician and actor. He is best known as a member of the pop group the Backstreet Boys. As of 2015, Carter has released three solo albums, \"Now or Never\", \"I'm Taking Off\" and \"All American\" during breaks between Backstreet Boys schedules, and a collaboration with Jordan Knight titled \"Nick & Knight\". He has made occasional television appearances and starred in his own reality shows, \"House of Carters\" and \"I (Heart) Nick Carter\". He gained fame in the mid 1990s and early 2000s as a teen idol. He","title":"Nick Carter (musician)"},{"psg_id":"4341023","text":"television pilot, set in the Victorian era, The Adventures of Nick Carter that was shown as a rare made-for-TV installment of the \"ABC Sunday Night Movie\" (which normally featured theatrical releases edited for broadcast). The Czechoslovakian movie \"Dinner for Adele\" (1977) is a parody inspired by Nick Carter's pulp magazine adventures. It features \"America's most famous detective\" visiting Prague at the beginning of the 20th century and solving a case involving a dangerous carnivorous plant (the Adele of the title). The Slovak actor Michal Dočolomanský played Nick Carter. Nick Carter first came to radio as The Return of Nick Carter.","title":"Nick Carter (literary character)"},{"psg_id":"15076735","text":"and the WAFL. Carter is currently the coach of the Golden Square Football Club, the club he played junior football for. Carter was named captain of the Bendigo Team of the Decade. Bendigo's best and fairest award is named the Carter Medal, in honour of his contributions to the club. He became the first Bendigo player to play 100 games for the club. Nick Carter (footballer) Nick Carter (born 28 April 1978) is a former Australian rules football player. During his career Carter played for Fitzroy, Brisbane and Melbourne in the Australian Football League (AFL). Carter began playing football for","title":"Nick Carter (footballer)"},{"psg_id":"19181651","text":"but dropped out of the chart sooner. I Will Wait (Nick Carter song) \"I Will Wait\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Nick Carter. The song was released in U.S and Canada as a digital download on September 12, 2015. It was the first single from his third solo album \"All American\". \"When I wrote the song, I think we wrote it with the intention going back to what the Backstreet Boys and what we were known for, which is love songs. As a writer and an artist, sometimes as your career goes on, you try to make","title":"I Will Wait (Nick Carter song)"},{"psg_id":"19181649","text":"I Will Wait (Nick Carter song) \"I Will Wait\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Nick Carter. The song was released in U.S and Canada as a digital download on September 12, 2015. It was the first single from his third solo album \"All American\". \"When I wrote the song, I think we wrote it with the intention going back to what the Backstreet Boys and what we were known for, which is love songs. As a writer and an artist, sometimes as your career goes on, you try to make points, and you try to be overly","title":"I Will Wait (Nick Carter song)"},{"psg_id":"15076731","text":"Nick Carter (footballer) Nick Carter (born 28 April 1978) is a former Australian rules football player. During his career Carter played for Fitzroy, Brisbane and Melbourne in the Australian Football League (AFL). Carter began playing football for Golden Square as a junior. He then played for the Bendigo Pioneers in the TAC Cup. Carter played for the Victorian Country team at the 1995 AFL Under 18 Championships. Carter was drafted by Fitzroy Football Club with the 20th selection in the 1995 AFL Draft, with coach Michael Nunan stating the club was looking for \"players with pace and finish to play","title":"Nick Carter (footballer)"},{"psg_id":"4341018","text":"in 1964 and more than 260 Nick Carter-Killmaster adventures were published up until 1990. (Two additional books have been erroneously listed as Killmaster novels by some sources: \"Meteor Eject!\", a memoir by an RAF pilot named Nick Carter, published in 2000, and a 2005 release entitled \"Brotherhood\", which is actually an autobiography of singer Nick Carter of the Backstreet Boys.) The 100th Killmaster novel -- \"Nick Carter 100\" -- was accompanied by an essay on the 1890s version, and a short story featuring the character; that marked one of the few times the Killmaster series acknowledged its historical roots. None","title":"Nick Carter (literary character)"},{"psg_id":"16647533","text":"can continue searching in freedom and peace. David Deal states in the \"Eurospy Guide\" that this film emulated the US-American Nick Carter movies \"of the 1930s and 1940s\" and subsequently he recommends it to nostalgist with a penchant for \"serials of pulp magazines\" of that era. Nick Carter va tout casser Nick Carter va tout casser is a French action film starring Eddie Constantine as Nick Carter. An English version was dubbed by Eddie Constantine dubbing himself. Constantine repeated his role in \"Nick Carter et le trèfle rouge\" (1965). The film was titled License to Kill in the USA. Professor","title":"Nick Carter va tout casser"},{"psg_id":"4341025","text":"cast included Raymond Edward Johnson, Bill Johnstone and Bryna Raeburn. Michael Fitzmaurice was the program's announcer. The series ended on September 25, 1955. Chick Carter, Boy Detective was a serial adventure that aired weekday afternoons on Mutual. Chick Carter, the adopted son of Nick Carter, was played by Bill Lipton (1943–44) and Leon Janney (1944–45). The series aired from July 5, 1943 to July 6, 1945. Nick Carter and Chick Carter appeared in comics published by Street & Smith. Nick appeared in \"The Shadow Comics\", then moved to \"Army & Navy Comics\" and \"Doc Savage Comics\" briefly, before moving back","title":"Nick Carter (literary character)"},{"psg_id":"6898923","text":"Nick Carter (tennis) Clarence \"Nick\" Carter (June 6, 1918 — October 25, 1989) of San Francisco, California, was a top-level amateur tennis player in the 1940s and 1950s. He was ranked as high as No. 17 in the U.S. In 1948, Carter was the runner-up at the U.S. Clay Court Championships (falling to Richard \"Pancho\" Gonzalez in the final) and reached the round of 16 at the U.S. National Championships. Carter won the singles championship at the Cincinnati Masters in 1946, defeating Filipino Davis Cupper Felicisimo Ampon in the Round of 16, Earl Cochell in the quarterfinals, George Ball of","title":"Nick Carter (tennis)"},{"psg_id":"15367150","text":"Carter started recording new songs for his second solo album, working with Rami, Carl Falk, Toby Gad, Josh Hoge, Claude Kelly, and many others. The album, titled \"I'm Taking Off\", was released in Japan on February 2, 2011 in Japan, in Germany on June 3 and on the US iTunes Store on May 24. The following songs bonus, B-sides and have not appeared on an album by Carter. Nick Carter discography The discography of Nick Carter, an American pop singer, consists of two studio album, one compilation album, five singles (including one as a featured artist) and four music videos.","title":"Nick Carter discography"},{"psg_id":"12898843","text":"Nick Carter (baseball) Conrad Powell \"Nick\" Carter (May 19, 1879 – November 23, 1961), was a professional baseball player. He played one season in Major League Baseball as a pitcher in 1908 for the Philadelphia Athletics. Carter attended the University of Virginia. Carter was drafted by Athletics' owner and manager Connie Mack in 1907 after playing minor league baseball for the Syracuse Stars of the New York State League from 1903 to 1907. He was considered the best pitcher in the league that season by New York State League team managers. Although he had never played in the majors prior","title":"Nick Carter (baseball)"},{"psg_id":"4341019","text":"of the Nick Carter series of books carried author credits, although it is known that several of the earliest volumes were written by Michael Avallone, and that Valerie Moolman and NYT bestselling author Gayle Lynds wrote others, making this the first series of its kind to be written in significant part by women. Bill Crider is another author identified with Nick Carter. The Nick Carter name was treated as if it were a pseudonym, and many of the volumes were written in first person. The works were published under the house pseudonyms \"Nicolas Carter\" and \"Sergeant Ryan\". Authors known to","title":"Nick Carter (literary character)"},{"psg_id":"4341017","text":"from 1933 to 1936. Since the Doc Savage character had basically been given Nick's background, Nick Carter was now recast as more of a hard-boiled detective. Novels featuring Carter continued to appear through the 1950s, by which time there was also a popular radio show, \"Nick Carter, Master Detective\", which aired on the Mutual Broadcasting System network from 1943 to 1955. Following the success of the James Bond series in the 1960s, the character was updated for a long-running series of novels featuring the adventures of secret agent Nick Carter, aka the Killmaster. The first book, \"Run Spy Run\", appeared","title":"Nick Carter (literary character)"},{"psg_id":"17791323","text":"Nick Carter, Master Detective (film) Nick Carter, Master Detective is a 1939 film starring Walter Pidgeon in the title role. Carter investigates espionage at an aircraft factory. Pidgeon and Donald Meek went on to reprise their roles in two sequels, \"Phantom Raiders\" (1940) and \"Sky Murder\" (1941). Nick Carter boards an airliner with John Keller, the inventor of a revolutionary new aircraft. The pilot makes an unscheduled landing so that his confederates can try to steal Keller's plans, but Carter holds them off, and stewardess Lou Farnsby manages to fly them to safety. Carter, posing as \"Robert Chalmers\", the new","title":"Nick Carter, Master Detective (film)"},{"psg_id":"16647531","text":"Nick Carter va tout casser Nick Carter va tout casser is a French action film starring Eddie Constantine as Nick Carter. An English version was dubbed by Eddie Constantine dubbing himself. Constantine repeated his role in \"Nick Carter et le trèfle rouge\" (1965). The film was titled License to Kill in the USA. Professor Fromentin's inventions are about to start a new era in anti-aircraft warfare. No fighter aircraft hitherto known stands a chance against his trail-blazing self-designed unmanned aerial vehicles. Secret services all over the world are determined to either obtain Fromentin's knowledge or to make dead sure nobody","title":"Nick Carter va tout casser"},{"psg_id":"19181650","text":"creative.\" Nick Carter said, \"I just wanted to go back to the basics, and tap into what our fans knew us for.\" He also claimed this song was inspired by Ed Sheeran's songwriting. The music video for \"I Will Wait\" was filmed and released on YouTube and Vevo on September 22, 2015. Nick stated that the inspiration of the video was based on The Notebook. On November 24, Carter first performed the song on the finale of \"Dancing with the Stars\", where he was one of the four finalists. After the promotion, the song climbed to Top 100 on iTunes","title":"I Will Wait (Nick Carter song)"},{"psg_id":"15367148","text":"Nick Carter discography The discography of Nick Carter, an American pop singer, consists of two studio album, one compilation album, five singles (including one as a featured artist) and four music videos. Carter attempted a career as a solo artist in 2002, when he released \"Now or Never\". The album reached #17 on the \"Billboard\" 200 and was certified gold, both in the United States and Canada. The lead single, \"Help Me\" achieved considerable worldwide success while the other single, \"I Got You\" was a minor hit in Europe. He also launched a worldwide tour in support of the album.","title":"Nick Carter discography"},{"psg_id":"9569723","text":"a prodigious ability for learning foreign languages. He is fluent in English (his native tongue), Cantonese, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Portuguese, Putonghua (Mandarin), Russian, Sanskrit, Spanish and Vietnamese. He has basic skills in Arabic, Hindustani, Japanese, Korean, Romansch, Swahili, and Turkish. In the early novels, Carter often assumes a number of elaborate disguises in order to execute his missions. The name Nick Carter was acknowledged by the series as having been inspired by the early 20th century pulp fiction detective of the same name in the 100th Killmaster volume (labelled \"Nick Carter 100\") which included an essay on the","title":"Nick Carter-Killmaster"},{"psg_id":"16231600","text":"was on the Easter Relays organizing committee for 53 years. The track at Santa Barbara City College that houses the Easter Relays bears his name. For decades, UCSB's annual invitational track meet was called the Nick Carter Invitational. He is a member of the Occidental College Track and Field Hall of Fame. Nick Carter (athlete) Ernest Nicholas Newton Carter (born September 4, 1902 in Globe, Arizona Territory – September 26, 1997 Santa Barbara, California) was an American track and field athlete, coach and official. He ran the 1500 metres in the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, finishing a non-qualifying 3rd","title":"Nick Carter (athlete)"},{"psg_id":"6898925","text":"coached Rosie Casals, who became a touring pro and won grand slam doubles with Billie Jean King, and many state and nationally ranked juniors at Arden Hills Swimming and Tennis Club, where Mark Spitz trained, in Carmichael, California Nick Carter (tennis) Clarence \"Nick\" Carter (June 6, 1918 — October 25, 1989) of San Francisco, California, was a top-level amateur tennis player in the 1940s and 1950s. He was ranked as high as No. 17 in the U.S. In 1948, Carter was the runner-up at the U.S. Clay Court Championships (falling to Richard \"Pancho\" Gonzalez in the final) and reached the","title":"Nick Carter (tennis)"},{"psg_id":"4383807","text":"in 2006. \"Let It Go\" was written by Nick Carter, Matthew Gerrard, and Bridget Louise Benenate. Carter recorded a duet with pop singer Jennifer Paige called \"Beautiful Lie\" in 2009. In 2010, Nick Carter started recording new songs for his second solo album, working with Rami Yacoub, Carl Falk, Toby Gad, Josh Hoge, Claude Kelly, among many others. Carter's new album titled \"I'm Taking Off\", was released on February 2, 2011 in Japan, in Germany on June 3, 2011 and in the USA via iTunes on May 24. As of June 2011, Nick's second solo album reached No. 8 in","title":"Nick Carter (musician)"},{"psg_id":"6556011","text":"for TV and later adapted for comic-strip magazines. Several stories were drawn by Silver (Guido Silvestri) and Clod (Claudio Onesti). Nick Carter stories features a great number of parodies of famous themes and characters of literature, film, TV and history. An incomplete list includes: Nick Carter (comic strip) Nick Carter is an Italian comic strip created in 1972 as a semi-animated cartoon, for \"Gulp!\", one of the most popular Italian TV shows of that decade. The creators were Guido De Maria, as director and writer, and Franco Bonvicini (\"Bonvi\"), as co-writer and artist. The first run comprised 11 stories, later","title":"Nick Carter (comic strip)"},{"psg_id":"4341015","text":"Nick Carter (literary character) Nick Carter is a fictional character that began as a dime novel private detective in 1886 and has appeared in a variety of formats over more than a century. Nick Carter first appeared in the story paper \"New York Weekly\" (Vol. 41 No. 46, September 18, 1886) in a 13-week serial, \"The Old Detective's Pupil; or, The Mysterious Crime of Madison Square\"; the character was conceived by Ormond G. Smith, the son of one of the founders of Street & Smith, and realized by John R. Coryell. The character proved popular enough to headline its own","title":"Nick Carter (literary character)"},{"psg_id":"15367149","text":"He was named \"Cosmogirl\" magazine's \"sexiest man in the world\" in 2002, beating out rival pop star Justin Timberlake for the title. Nick began work on his second solo album in 2003, but the recordings were aborted when the Backstreet Boys returned to the studio. One of the tracks from the earlier recording sessions was used as the theme song to the television series \"House of Carters\" in 2006. \"Let It Go\" was written by Nick Carter, Matthew Gerrard, and Bridget Louise Benenate. Carter recorded a duet with pop singer Jennifer Paige called \"Beautiful Lie\" in 2009. In 2010, Nick","title":"Nick Carter discography"},{"psg_id":"6556010","text":"Nick Carter (comic strip) Nick Carter is an Italian comic strip created in 1972 as a semi-animated cartoon, for \"Gulp!\", one of the most popular Italian TV shows of that decade. The creators were Guido De Maria, as director and writer, and Franco Bonvicini (\"Bonvi\"), as co-writer and artist. The first run comprised 11 stories, later reissued, as print comic strips for \"Il Corriere dei Ragazzi\", and then in numerous other magazines and books. In 1977 the character was revamped for the follow-on TV series \"SuperGulp!\", with 17 further episodes. The \"Nick Carter\" episodes number some 80, including those created","title":"Nick Carter (comic strip)"},{"psg_id":"14062400","text":"to make further Nick Carter adaptations in the following years, and there were also imitations made by other companies. Nick Carter, le roi des détectives Nick Carter, le roi des détectives (1908) is a French silent serial film based on the popular American novels featuring the master-detective Nick Carter. It was written by Georges Hatot and directed by Victorin-Hippolyte Jasset for the Éclair company. It was released in six episodes, each of which told a complete story, but their release was timed at approximately fortnightly intervals to create a sense of continuity with the audience. The stories were set in","title":"Nick Carter, le roi des détectives"},{"psg_id":"12898845","text":"and posting a 10–13 won-lost record. In 1909 he spent the entire season with the Blues, pitching in 32 games and 229 innings, posting a 15–12 record. By 1911 he was back in the New York State League, pitching for the Elmira Colonels. He had a 10–13 won-lost record in 34 games for the Colonels in 1911. In 1913, he pitched for the Newport News Shipbuilders of the Virginia League. There he posted a 12–10 won-lost record in 28 games and 216 innings. Nick Carter (baseball) Conrad Powell \"Nick\" Carter (May 19, 1879 – November 23, 1961), was a professional","title":"Nick Carter (baseball)"},{"psg_id":"6629602","text":"All American (Nick Carter album) All American is the third solo album released by Backstreet Boys member Nick Carter. The album was released on November 25, 2015, on his own record label, Kaotic, Inc. This is his first solo album since \"I'm Taking Off\", which was released four years earlier. In January 2015, Carter let fans know he was working on another solo album that will be titled All American. On September 22, 2015, he released the lead single from the album called \"I Will Wait\" on Vevo, which he said was inspired by Ed Sheeran’s songwriting. Carter also has","title":"All American (Nick Carter album)"},{"psg_id":"4383810","text":"for release in 2008, but was released as direct-to-video movie in 2010. In 2012, he made a guest appearance on \"90210\". Carter made his motion picture debut in 2013, appearing in the comedy \"This Is the End\" along with the rest of the Backstreet Boys. In 2014, Carter and his then fiancee, Lauren Kitt, starred in their own VH1 reality show, \"I Heart Nick Carter\", which centered around the planning of their April 2014 wedding. At Comic-Con 2015 in San Diego, Carter revealed his plans to film a movie that he had written, and would be directing and starring in.","title":"Nick Carter (musician)"},{"psg_id":"4383808","text":"Japan, selling over 20,000 copies. In 2014, Carter recorded a duet album with Jordan Knight from fellow boy band, New Kids on the Block, titled \"Nick & Knight\" which debuted at #24 on the US \"Billboard\" 200 and #14 in Canada. The tour to support the album ran through September–November 2014. On September 22, 2015, Carter released the first single from his new album, entitled \"I Will Wait\" on Vevo. The new CD, \"All American\", was released on November 25, 2015. In support of the album, Carter toured in February and March 2016. In October 2004, Carter starred as local","title":"Nick Carter (musician)"},{"psg_id":"4383801","text":"role in the fourth grade production of \"Phantom of the Opera\" at Miles Elementary School. He also did an educational video called \"Reach For The Book\", a show called \"The Klub\" and performing at the Tampa Bay Buccaneers home games for two years. He also made an appearance in the 1990 Johnny Depp film \"Edward Scissorhands\" as a child playing on a Slip 'N Slide. One of his dance teachers, Sandy, placed him in his first group called \"Nick and the Angels\". Between 1989-1993, Carter covered a various number of popular songs by other artists, including \"Breaking Up Is Hard","title":"Nick Carter (musician)"},{"psg_id":"14062399","text":"Nick Carter, le roi des détectives Nick Carter, le roi des détectives (1908) is a French silent serial film based on the popular American novels featuring the master-detective Nick Carter. It was written by Georges Hatot and directed by Victorin-Hippolyte Jasset for the Éclair company. It was released in six episodes, each of which told a complete story, but their release was timed at approximately fortnightly intervals to create a sense of continuity with the audience. The stories were set in Paris. The episodes, their release dates, and length were as follows: The success of the film led the company","title":"Nick Carter, le roi des détectives"},{"psg_id":"6629609","text":"by Rick Springfield, Californication by Red Hot Chili Peppers, Free Fallin' by Tom Petty, Buddy Holly by Weezer and In the Air Tonight by Phil Collins. And during the song The Call, Carter shows some dance moves that he learned from Dancing With The Stars, where he was one of the contestants. Show Intro Unplugged Full Band Rock Show Encore All American (Nick Carter album) All American is the third solo album released by Backstreet Boys member Nick Carter. The album was released on November 25, 2015, on his own record label, Kaotic, Inc. This is his first solo album","title":"All American (Nick Carter album)"},{"psg_id":"4341020","text":"have contributed include the following: Stories are also credited to Harrison Keith, the joint pseudonym of John A. L. Chambliss and Philip Clark, who both wrote for the franchise. The character has had a long and varied film history, with three countries producing films based on it. In 1908, the French film company Éclair engaged Victorin-Hippolyte Jasset to make a serial film based on the Nick Carter novels which were then being published in France by the German publisher Eichler. \"Nick Carter, le roi des détectives\", with Pierre Bressol in the title role, was released in six episodes in late","title":"Nick Carter (literary character)"},{"psg_id":"16231598","text":"Nick Carter (athlete) Ernest Nicholas Newton Carter (born September 4, 1902 in Globe, Arizona Territory – September 26, 1997 Santa Barbara, California) was an American track and field athlete, coach and official. He ran the 1500 metres in the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, finishing a non-qualifying 3rd place in his heat. Carter ran for Occidental College, finishing second in the Mile run at the NCAA Men's Outdoor Track and Field Championships in 1925. He also finished third in the USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships twice, in 1927 and 1928. Prior to Occidental, he ran for Lompoc High School,","title":"Nick Carter (athlete)"},{"psg_id":"16066913","text":"Love Can't Wait (Nick Carter song) \"Love Can't Wait\" is a song by American singer-songwriter Nick Carter, released as the lead Canadian single from his second studio album, \"I'm Taking Off\". The single was released on June 21, 2011. The song only appears on the Canadian version of the album, and has not been released in any other territories. The music video for the song features Carter performing the song with the backdrop of a motorway system. The music video also featured Canadian pop star Shawn Desman, who co-wrote the song. The single peaked at #2 on the Canadian Singles","title":"Love Can't Wait (Nick Carter song)"},{"psg_id":"16066914","text":"Chart, based entirely on download sales. Carter ran a competition for amateur mixers to remix the track, with the winning remixer earning $1500 and their remix appearing on Carter's remix album, \"I'm Taking Off: Relaunched and Remixed\". Love Can't Wait (Nick Carter song) \"Love Can't Wait\" is a song by American singer-songwriter Nick Carter, released as the lead Canadian single from his second studio album, \"I'm Taking Off\". The single was released on June 21, 2011. The song only appears on the Canadian version of the album, and has not been released in any other territories. The music video for","title":"Love Can't Wait (Nick Carter song)"},{"psg_id":"16647532","text":"else does. But Fromentin refuses to sell and consequently several attempts are made on his life. Nick Carter has a personal interest in protecting the professor who was a good friend of his father. This is harder than it looks because the professor's entourage includes at least one traitor. An international network of terrorists eventually conceives a plan to take advantage of this situation. They intend to capture the professor and then to sell him to the highest bidder. Nick Carter has to apply advanced gadgets and sometimes also just his fists, thus refuting all criminal tactics until the scientist","title":"Nick Carter va tout casser"},{"psg_id":"17791327","text":"Frank Nugent wrote in \"The New York Times\", \"No, this isn't Nick Carter as we remember him, but it's an amusing fiction for all that, with enough action to compensate for the arch unoriginality of the plot and with pleasantly casual performances all around. ... They [Pidgeon and Meek] make a gay crime-solving combination\". \"Time Out\" more recently stated, \"Tourneur's second film in Hollywood, it's briskly and competently done, but the best thing about it is Donald Meek's performance as Bartholomew the Bee Man, a mousy little apiculturist who fancies himself as a private eye.\" Nick Carter, Master Detective (film)","title":"Nick Carter, Master Detective (film)"},{"psg_id":"4383806","text":"the World\" in 2002, beating out such competition as actor Brad Pitt and rival pop star Justin Timberlake for the title, launching a media-hyped \"rivalry\" between Timberlake and Carter, culminating in an amicable 2009 meeting off camera on the set of Late Night with Jimmy Fallon where Carter defeated Timberlake in an arm wrestling match. Nick began work on his second solo album in 2003, but the recordings were aborted when the Backstreet Boys returned to the studio. One of the tracks from the earlier recording sessions was used as the theme song to the television series \"House of Carters\"","title":"Nick Carter (musician)"},{"psg_id":"9569729","text":"Carter's personal boss. Della Stokes, Hawk's personal secretary, is a character similar to Bond's Miss Moneypenny - flirtatious but serious. Ginger Bateman is Hawk's personal secretary in later novels. Geoffrey Poindexter, AXE's equivalent to Q, runs the Special Effects and Editing department, in charge of weapons, gadgets, disguises, and papers. In the first novel in the series (\"Run, Spy, Run\"), AXE is described as comprising 24 agents. They are identified by alphanumeric code. The following agents / codes have been described: N.B. the listing here is in series order (not necessarily by publication date, which is given) Nick Carter-Killmaster Nick","title":"Nick Carter-Killmaster"},{"psg_id":"4867189","text":"report said Carter, identified by her married name of Leslie B. Ashton, had suffered an overdose and was taking the prescription medications olanzapine (Zyprexa), cyclobenzaprine (a muscle relaxant) and alprazolam (Xanax). As of February 25, 2012, the cause of death was still under investigation by authorities. Leslie Carter is buried in Chautauqua Cemetery in Chautauqua, New York. Leslie Carter Leslie Barbara Carter (June 6, 1986 – January 31, 2012) was an American pop singer best known as the sister of Backstreet Boys member Nick Carter and singer Aaron Carter. Leslie Carter was born in Tampa, Florida, the third of five","title":"Leslie Carter"},{"psg_id":"14313527","text":"Carter would assume the post of Chief of the General Staff. He took up his post and was promoted to full general on 5 September 2014. As of 2015, Carter was paid a salary of between £170,000 and £174,999 by the department, making him one of the 328 most highly paid people in the British public sector at that time. Carter was awarded the US Legion of Merit on 18 March 2016 for services in Afghanistan. On 1 February 2013, he succeeded Sir Nick Parker as Colonel-Commandant of The Rifles. In January 2018 Carter used a speech in London to","title":"Nick Carter (British Army officer)"},{"psg_id":"7263683","text":"I Saw What You Did I Saw What You Did is a 1965 American horror-thriller film released by Universal Pictures and starring Joan Crawford and John Ireland. The plot follows two teenage girls who find themselves in serious danger after making a prank phone call to a man who has just murdered his wife. The screenplay by William P. McGivern was based upon the 1964 novel \"Out of the Dark\" by Ursula Curtiss. The film was produced and directed by William Castle. When two mischievous teens Libby (Andi Garrett) and Kit (Sara Lane) are home alone with Libby's younger sister","title":"I Saw What You Did"},{"psg_id":"11942392","text":"What I Did Last Summer What I Did Last Summer is a play by the American playwright A.R. Gurney. The setting is a well-to-do vacation colony on the shores of Lake Erie, the time 1945, during the final stages of World War II. Charlie, an incipiently rebellious fourteen-year-old, is summering with his mother and sister (his father is fighting in the Pacific) before going off to an expensive boarding school in the fall. Although he intended to spend the summer loafing and socializing with his friends (such as Ted), the need for spending money forces him to take a job","title":"What I Did Last Summer"},{"psg_id":"872565","text":"his brother Nick, he also has three sisters: twin sister Angel (a model), B.J. and Leslie (1986–2012). Carter is named after his paternal grandfather, Aaron Charles Carter, and his maternal grandfather, Douglas \"Charles\" Spaulding. Carter attended the Frank D. Miles Elementary School and the Ruskin School in Florida. Carter began his performing career at the age of seven, as the lead singer of Dead End, a local band formed after the members met at a rock school that they attended in Tampa. He left the band after two years because they were interested in alternative rock while Carter was interested","title":"Aaron Carter"},{"psg_id":"12765240","text":"Now or Never (Nick Carter album) Now or Never is the debut solo album by Nick Carter, best known as a member of the Backstreet Boys, released on October 29, 2002 by Jive Records. The album debuted at #17 in its first week on the \"Billboard\" 200, selling some 70,000 copies during first week in U.S. It fell out of the top 50 in its second week, but sold well enough to be certified Gold by the RIAA in December 2002. Two singles were released from the album, neither of which had any impact on the US charts. The first","title":"Now or Never (Nick Carter album)"},{"psg_id":"12765242","text":"17 on Billboard 200 and was certified gold, both in the United States and Canada. The lead single, \"Help Me\" achieved considerable worldwide success while the other single, \"I Got You\" was a minor hit in Europe. The album made the charts in many countries as well. He also launched a worldwide tour in support of the album. Credits for \"Now or Never\" adapted from AllMusic. Now or Never (Nick Carter album) Now or Never is the debut solo album by Nick Carter, best known as a member of the Backstreet Boys, released on October 29, 2002 by Jive Records.","title":"Now or Never (Nick Carter album)"},{"psg_id":"14313532","text":"like Carter, who \"tried to protect innocents\". Conversely, Tunnell's judgment whilst under Carter's command was the subject of criticism. A formal US Army review of the conduct of Tunnell's brigade in Afghanistan pointed to its \"lack of discipline\" and \"contempt for the normal Army rules\". The report's author concluded: \"Colonel Tunnell is no longer in command... If still in command, I would recommend that Colonel Tunnell be relieved of his responsibilities as a brigade commander.\" In 1984 Carter married Louise Anne Ewart; they have three sons and one daughter. His interests include golf, cricket, field sports and cycling. Nick Carter","title":"Nick Carter (British Army officer)"},{"psg_id":"14313519","text":"Nick Carter (British Army officer) General Sir Nicholas Patrick Carter, (born 11 February 1959) is a Kenyan-born senior British Army officer. He served as commanding officer of 2nd Battalion, Royal Green Jackets in which role he was deployed to Bosnia in 1998 and Kosovo in 1999. After service in Afghanistan, he took command of 20th Armoured Brigade in 2004 and commanded British forces in Basra. He was subsequently appointed General Officer Commanding 6th Division, which was deployed to Afghanistan with Carter as Commander ISAF Regional Command South, before he became Director-General Land Warfare. After that he became Deputy Commander Land","title":"Nick Carter (British Army officer)"},{"psg_id":"5693437","text":"Sharon Carter Sharon Carter (also known as Agent 13) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. She is usually depicted as a secret agent and an ex-field agent of S.H.I.E.L.D. under Nick Fury and the love of Captain America, Steve Rogers's life, as the superhero has stated in the comics. In the original comic book continuity, Sharon was the younger sister of Peggy Carter, the wartime love interest of Captain America. She was later retconned as Peggy's great-niece because of the unaging nature of comic book characters. Sharon Carter appears in the Marvel Cinematic","title":"Sharon Carter"},{"psg_id":"4319127","text":"Ruth Carter Stapleton Ruth Carter Stapleton (August 7, 1929 – September 26, 1983) was a sister of Jimmy Carter and was a Christian evangelist. She died of pancreatic cancer in 1983. Ruth Carter was born August 7, 1929, in Plains, Georgia, the third of the four children in the family of James Earl Carter, Sr. and Lillian Gordy Carter. Besides the former president, Stapleton had an older sister, Gloria (1926–1990), and a younger brother, Billy (1937–1988). All three of them died of pancreatic cancer, along with their parents. Stapleton earned her bachelor's degree in English from the University of North","title":"Ruth Carter Stapleton"},{"psg_id":"15076733","text":"of the team coming from the Brisbane Bears list. Carter, however, was one of those eight players. In his two seasons with Brisbane, Carter only managed to play five games, struggling to break into the senior side of a team with what Martin Blake described as \"the best depth in the competition\". After struggling to gain a spot in the Brisbane senior team, Carter was traded to Melbourne at the end of the 1998 season for the 45th draft pick in the 1998 AFL Draft. Carter only managed three games for the Demons and he was delisted at the end","title":"Nick Carter (footballer)"},{"psg_id":"4341024","text":"Then Nick Carter, Master Detective, with Lon Clark in the title role, began April 11, 1943, on Mutual, continuing in many different timeslots for well over a decade. Jock MacGregor was the producer-director of scripts by Alfred Bester, Milton J. Kramer, David Kogan and others. Background music was supplied by organists Hank Sylvern, Lew White and George Wright. Patsy Bowen, Nick's assistant, was portrayed by Helen Choate until mid-1946 and then Charlotte Manson stepped into the role. Nick and Patsy's friend was reporter Scubby Wilson (John Kane). Nick's contact at the police department was Sgt. Mathison (Ed Latimer). The supporting","title":"Nick Carter (literary character)"},{"psg_id":"10014026","text":"was fired when he asked for a raise in 1946, and then became head writer for the Nick Carter radio series. Oddly enough, he never liked to write scripts for the radio version of The Shadow, though both characters were published by Street & Smith. Patsy Bowen, Nick's assistant, was portrayed by Helen Choate until mid-1946; then Charlotte Manson stepped into the role. Nick and Patsy's friend was reporter Scubby Wilson (John Kane). Sgt. Mathison (Ed Latimer) was Nick's contact at the police department. The supporting cast included Raymond Edward Johnson, Bill Johnstone and Bryna Raeburn. Michael Fitzmaurice was the","title":"Nick Carter, Master Detective"},{"psg_id":"7347822","text":"'Dad?' Hurley comments that he did not expect Rose's husband to be white, before Jack quickly changes the subject. The producers felt it was important to address that they are an interracial couple, and that Hurley was saying what the audience would be thinking. Caldwell agreed with them and thought it would be odd if the issue was not addressed. Anderson also was glad that Hurley brought up the issue, and liked that Jack did not pay any attention. The episode gained 21.54 million American viewers in its first airing. What Kate Did \"What Kate Did\" is the 34th episode","title":"What Kate Did"},{"psg_id":"4383803","text":"right away to be a part of the Backstreet Boys because his mother Jane wanted him to join \"The Mickey Mouse Club\" so that he could stay in school. A week later, he was asked to join the group and was given the choice of either joining \"The Mickey Mouse Club\" with a $50,000 contract or this new music group. Nick chose to go with the group instead. \"The Mickey Mouse Club\" was cancelled a few years later. After he joined the group, he had his own personal tutor on tour. At only 13 years old, Carter, AJ McLean, Brian","title":"Nick Carter (musician)"},{"psg_id":"4383804","text":"Littrell, Howie Dorough, and Kevin Richardson formed the pop group Backstreet Boys on April 20, 1993. Nick is the youngest member. The group has recorded several albums, beginning in the mid-1990s, the latest being 2013's \"In a World Like This\". In March 2016, the group announced that they will begin an exclusive headlining residency at Planet Hollywood in Las Vegas called . In 2002, when the Backstreet Boys expressed a strong desire to leave their management company, The Firm, Carter chose to remain with them to manage his solo career. As the group began recording their new album without him,","title":"Nick Carter (musician)"},{"psg_id":"4383802","text":"to Do\" and \"Uptown Girl\" and a few original songs that he would perform at events. These recordings ended up on an unofficial release called \"Before the Backstreet Boys 1989–1993\" by Dynamic Discs, Inc released in October 2002. It is revealed that through several auditions, Nick met AJ McLean and Howie Dorough and they became friends. After a troubled upbringing, he put in a winning performance on the 1992 New Original Amateur Hour at age 12. At 11 years old, Carter also auditioned for Disney's \"The Mickey Mouse Club\" and the Backstreet Boys around October 1992. He was not chosen","title":"Nick Carter (musician)"},{"psg_id":"7578097","text":"as Dorry, Bryn McAuley as Joanna, and Dean Stockwell as \"Tramp\". A 1972 UK movie adaptation, \"Katy\", starred Clare Walker, and the 1962 eight-part TV series made in the UK, also called \"Katy\", featured rising star Susan Hampshire in the title role. In 2015, author Jacqueline Wilson wrote her novel \"Katy\", which is a modern retelling of \"What Katy Did\". The August 2016 edition of Storytime featured a new illustrated adaptation with illustrations by Italian artist Marco Guadalupi. \"What Katy Did\" was followed by four sequels: \"What Katy Did at School\" in which Katy and Clover attend the fictional Hillsover","title":"What Katy Did"},{"psg_id":"18937073","text":"quietest albums in Michael Gira’s catalog.\" What We Did What We Did is a collaborative studio album by Swans frontman Michael Gira and Windsor for the Derby member Dan Matz. It was released on November 13, 2001 through Gira's Young God Records label. \"What We Did\" has a considerably more pop-oriented and accessible sound, compared to Gira's other solo works. The majority of the lyrics on the album was written by Matz. Allmusic critic Thom Jurek described the album as \"a finely wrought album of relayed styles and layered textures enfolding one another into a music that could have only","title":"What We Did"},{"psg_id":"18937071","text":"What We Did What We Did is a collaborative studio album by Swans frontman Michael Gira and Windsor for the Derby member Dan Matz. It was released on November 13, 2001 through Gira's Young God Records label. \"What We Did\" has a considerably more pop-oriented and accessible sound, compared to Gira's other solo works. The majority of the lyrics on the album was written by Matz. Allmusic critic Thom Jurek described the album as \"a finely wrought album of relayed styles and layered textures enfolding one another into a music that could have only been made by these two men,","title":"What We Did"},{"psg_id":"7578098","text":"School (set in Hanover, New Hampshire); \"What Katy Did Next\", in which a new friend of Katy's takes her on a once-in-a-lifetime trip to Europe; \"Clover\", in which Katy is married and Clover accompanies her brother Phil to Colorado after he falls ill; and \"In the High Valley\", which shows the lives of a handful of young people living in the High Valley in Colorado, including Clover, Elsie and their husbands. What Katy Did What Katy Did is an 1872 children's book written by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey under her pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the adventures of a twelve-year-old","title":"What Katy Did"},{"psg_id":"7578087","text":"I can.\" When her mother died four years earlier, Katy promised to be a little mother to her siblings: in practice, she is the kind of big sister who is sometimes impatient or cross with them, but leads them into all sorts of exciting adventures. When Cousin Helen, an invalid, comes to visit, Katy is so enchanted by her beauty and kindness that on the day of Helen's departure she resolves to model herself on Helen ever afterward. The very next day, however, Katy wakes in an ill humour, quarrels with her aunt and pushes her little sister so hard","title":"What Katy Did"},{"psg_id":"7578094","text":"Cousin Helen: Papa's niece; she cannot walk because of an accident years ago. Despite her suffering she is amusing, cheerful, and kind; just what Katy wants to be. After Katy's accident, Cousin Helen helps her adjust to her illness. Susan Coolidge shared her publisher, Roberts Brothers, with Louisa May Alcott, and \"What Katy Did\" helped satisfy the demand for naturalistic novels about girlhood that followed the 1868 success of \"Little Women\". Like Alcott, Coolidge heightened the realism of her novel by drawing on her own childhood memories. \"What Katy Did\" also illustrates social shifts. First the novel depicts the treatment","title":"What Katy Did"},{"psg_id":"20000261","text":"she tells of hiding away in the attic and playing alone with her dolls at the age of fourteen when a potential suitor came to see her. Carter had a younger sister, who died of a spinal disease at ten. Carter later wrote in \"The Elevator\" of how bad she had felt because she had hit her sister three weeks before she died, using the incident to advise her younger readers to refrain from anger. \"In my childhood an old man told me if I would observe three things I would enjoy good health. I will say they proved useful","title":"Jennie Carter"},{"psg_id":"13579047","text":"Mrs. Ashe's brother, Ned, they fell in love. When Katy got home, she received a letter from Ned and blushed and ran to her room, leaving Clover and the reader thinking that Katy and Ned may get married in the future. What Katy Did Next What Katy Did Next (1886) is a children's book by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey, working under the pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the stories \"What Katy Did\" (1872) and \"What Katy Did At School\" (1873) and tells the adventures of Katy Carr as she travels to Europe. The book opens by reintroducing the Carr family","title":"What Katy Did Next"},{"psg_id":"13579043","text":"What Katy Did Next What Katy Did Next (1886) is a children's book by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey, working under the pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the stories \"What Katy Did\" (1872) and \"What Katy Did At School\" (1873) and tells the adventures of Katy Carr as she travels to Europe. The book opens by reintroducing the Carr family and introducing the widow Mrs. Ashe. Mrs. Ashe has her nephew, Walter, over for a visit and it is discovered that he has scarlet fever. Anxious that her only daughter Amy should not contract the disease, Amy is sent to live","title":"What Katy Did Next"},{"psg_id":"20375839","text":"and/or estate manager of numerous non-nobility trusts, including that of his brother Henry A. P. Carter, and as a trustee of Central Union Church. Samuel C. Allen, Kauai businessman, developer and financial backer of Port Allen, Hawaii, left an estate in excess of $2,000,000 in 1903, naming Carter as one of his executors. Mary Carter died December 15, 1908 after an extended illness. Her obituary noted her close friendship with Liliʻuokalani. Joseph O. Carter died of pulmonary edema on February 27, 1909. His sister Catherine Rebecca Carter Lewers was his only surviving sibling. The Carters were survived by their children","title":"Joseph O. Carter"},{"psg_id":"5753826","text":"album, \"Definitive Collection\", which reached number 1 in the UK Albums Chart in 2005. Paper Lace included this song on their 1974 album, \"Paper Lace\". I Did What I Did for Maria \"I Did What I Did for Maria\" is a song recorded by English singer Tony Christie. It was written and produced by Mitch Murray and Peter Callander, who were also responsible for Christie's \"Las Vegas\" and \"Avenues and Alleyways\". The song is about a widower who, on the eve of his execution, recalls how he remorselessly avenged his dead wife, hence the title. It was a number 2","title":"I Did What I Did for Maria"},{"psg_id":"5753825","text":"I Did What I Did for Maria \"I Did What I Did for Maria\" is a song recorded by English singer Tony Christie. It was written and produced by Mitch Murray and Peter Callander, who were also responsible for Christie's \"Las Vegas\" and \"Avenues and Alleyways\". The song is about a widower who, on the eve of his execution, recalls how he remorselessly avenged his dead wife, hence the title. It was a number 2 UK hit in June 1971, and was also a hit in Ireland, where it also reached number 2. The track later appeared on Christie's compilation","title":"I Did What I Did for Maria"},{"psg_id":"16280702","text":"Una Carter Una Isabel Carter (20 August 1890–14 October 1954) was a New Zealand cooking teacher, demonstrator and writer. She was born in Upper Tutaenui, near Marton, New Zealand on 20 August 1890. Carter was born in 1890, to Manawatu farmers William and Selina Carter (born Brown). Carter had one older sister, Lena, and two younger brothers, William and Shirer. Shirer enlisted in World War I and died in 1918. Selina Carter was known in the community as an excellent cook and spent a significant amount of time teaching her daughters to cook. In 1913, Carter opened her own cookery","title":"Una Carter"},{"psg_id":"8334566","text":"What Did He Say? What Did He Say? is the second solo album released by bassist Victor Wooten. 1. \"Yo Victa\" – 0:07 2. \"What Did He Say?\" – 3:20 3. \"What You Won't Do for Love\" – 4:43 4. \"Cherokee\" – 1:49 5. \"Don't Wanna Cry\" – 5:07 6. \"The Lonliest Monk\" – 4:36 7. \"A Chance\" – 2:54 8. \"Radio W-OO-10\" – 1:06 9. \"Norwegian Wood\" – 4:52 10. \"Bro John\" – 4:18 11. \"Naima\" – 5:57 12. \"Sometimes I Laugh\" – 3:20 13. \"My Life\" – 4:45 14. \"The Sojourn of Arjuna\" – 6:29 15. \"Buzz Ntro\"","title":"What Did He Say?"},{"psg_id":"3994152","text":"I Were You I Wouldn't<nowiki>\"</nowiki> in January 2016 on their YouTube account, followed by \"Fireball\" in June 2016, their first songs released since 'Zanzibar III : Analog Prison'. The band was named after friend's child said the phrase 'Mommy, look what I did', about a drawing to her mother when Barry was talking to her over the phone discussing what the band's name should be. Look What I Did Look What I Did is an American post-hardcore band, formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. The music combines elements of jazz/fusion, hardcore, metal, and progressive pop punk. The band is","title":"Look What I Did"},{"psg_id":"16280707","text":"the Women's War Service Auxiliary arranged for Carter to give demonstrations focusing on cooking during the war-time shortages. Carter went to live in England in the early 1950s and died in London on 14 October 1954. Una Carter Una Isabel Carter (20 August 1890–14 October 1954) was a New Zealand cooking teacher, demonstrator and writer. She was born in Upper Tutaenui, near Marton, New Zealand on 20 August 1890. Carter was born in 1890, to Manawatu farmers William and Selina Carter (born Brown). Carter had one older sister, Lena, and two younger brothers, William and Shirer. Shirer enlisted in World","title":"Una Carter"},{"psg_id":"8334567","text":"– 0:31 16. \"A Little Buzz\" – 2:46 17. \"Kids Didn't Change\" – 0:54 18. \"Heaven Is Where the Heart Is\" – 5:03 What Did He Say? What Did He Say? is the second solo album released by bassist Victor Wooten. 1. \"Yo Victa\" – 0:07 2. \"What Did He Say?\" – 3:20 3. \"What You Won't Do for Love\" – 4:43 4. \"Cherokee\" – 1:49 5. \"Don't Wanna Cry\" – 5:07 6. \"The Lonliest Monk\" – 4:36 7. \"A Chance\" – 2:54 8. \"Radio W-OO-10\" – 1:06 9. \"Norwegian Wood\" – 4:52 10. \"Bro John\" – 4:18 11. \"Naima\"","title":"What Did He Say?"},{"psg_id":"20554138","text":"Sister Sister Sister Tour The Sister Sister Sister Tour is the second headlining concert tour by American band Haim, in support of their sophomore album, \"Something to Tell You\" (2017). The tour begun on April 3, 2018 in Portland, Oregon at the Arlene Schnitzer Concert Hall. They continued throughout North America and finally concluded their 37-date tour on June 21, 2018 in Oslo, Norway at the Sentrum Scene. Opening acts for the tour included rapper Lizzo, who was present for most North American dates, as well as performers Grace Carter in Europe and Maggie Rogers on both continents. This set","title":"Sister Sister Sister Tour"},{"psg_id":"6836084","text":"died on March 4, 2017 at the age of 64. She is survived by her mother, Dorothy \"Dot\" Carter, and sister, Jan Carter, who continues the Official Valerie Carter Fan Club as an active Facebook group. The song \"Valerie\" by Steve Winwood was reportedly about her, as was Jackson Browne's song \"That Girl Could Sing\". Valerie Carter Valerie Carter (born Valerie Gail Zakian Carter; February 5, 1953 – March 4, 2017) was an American R&B, Rock and Pop singer-songwriter. She recorded the self-titled \"Howdy Moon\" as a member of folk group Howdy Moon in 1974. She later left the group","title":"Valerie Carter"},{"psg_id":"7347814","text":"What Kate Did \"What Kate Did\" is the 34th episode of \"Lost\". It is the ninth episode of the second season. The episode was directed by Paul Edwards, and written by Steven Maeda and Craig Wright. It first aired on November 30, 2005, on ABC. The character of Kate Austen is featured in the episode's flashbacks. Kate Austen kills her alcoholic stepfather, Wayne Jansen, by blowing up his house. Kate confronts her mother, Diane Austen. Kate reveals that she took out an insurance policy under Diane's name. Later, Kate attempts to buy a ticket to Tallahassee, when she is arrested","title":"What Kate Did"},{"psg_id":"16918902","text":"Festival in Turkey. The film was released on DVD in Ireland on 8 February 2013. What Richard Did What Richard Did is a 2012 Irish film directed by Lenny Abrahamson and written by Malcolm Campbell. The film is loosely based on Kevin Power's \"Bad Day in Blackrock\", a fictionalised novel inspired by the real-life death of Brian Murphy in 2000. It won the best Irish film of the year award at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards and was the most commercially successful Irish film of 2012. It has screened at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival and the","title":"What Richard Did"},{"psg_id":"16918894","text":"What Richard Did What Richard Did is a 2012 Irish film directed by Lenny Abrahamson and written by Malcolm Campbell. The film is loosely based on Kevin Power's \"Bad Day in Blackrock\", a fictionalised novel inspired by the real-life death of Brian Murphy in 2000. It won the best Irish film of the year award at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards and was the most commercially successful Irish film of 2012. It has screened at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival and the BFI London Film Festival and was selected to screen at the Tribeca Film Festival in","title":"What Richard Did"},{"psg_id":"7578085","text":"up: \"What Katy Did at School\" and \"What Katy Did Next\". Two further sequels relating the adventures of Katy's younger siblings were also published—\"Clover\" and \"In the High Valley\". The books were frequently reprinted and all are available online. Coolidge modeled Katy on her own childhood self, and the other 'Little Carrs' on her brothers and sisters. The title is a play on the katydid, a family of insects – which explains the insects on the first edition book cover. 12-year-old Katy Carr lives with her widowed father and her two brothers and three sisters in Burnet, a small midwestern","title":"What Katy Did"},{"psg_id":"7578084","text":"What Katy Did What Katy Did is an 1872 children's book written by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey under her pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the adventures of a twelve-year-old American girl, Katy Carr, and her family who live in the fictional lakeside Ohio town of Burnet in the 1860s. Katy is a tall untidy tomboy, forever getting into scrapes but wishing to be beautiful and beloved. When a terrible accident makes her an invalid, her illness and four-year recovery gradually teach her to be as good and kind as she has always wanted. Two sequels follow Katy as she grows","title":"What Katy Did"},{"psg_id":"4891023","text":"Spann, at the age of 63, died of pancreatic cancer. She was survived by her husband Walter (1925–2012), brother Jimmy Carter, and her son William Carter Spann (who himself died in 1997), along with her grandson Richard Andrew Spann, who was killed in a car accident in July 2005. With the death of Spann's grandson Drew, she has one living grandson, Michael Todd Spann, born 1993. Gloria's parents and her sister, Ruth Stapleton, and brother, Billy Carter, had also died from pancreatic cancer. Gloria's tombstone reads, \"She rides in Harley Heaven.\" Spann is buried in the Lebanon Church Cemetery near","title":"Gloria Carter Spann"},{"psg_id":"11856928","text":"early 20s. The story was adapted by Ellen Dryden for BBC Radio 4's Woman's Hour Drama in 2004. What Hetty Did What Hetty Did is the seventh novel by J.L. Carr, published in 1988 when he was 76 years old. The novel describes the experiences of an 18-year-old girl. Hetty Birtwisle has been brought up by adoptive parents in the Fens; after a beating by her father, discovering that she was adopted, she flees to Birmingham where she has learnt she was born and alters her surname to Beauchamp. Hetty Beauchamp comes across several characters from Carr's other novels in","title":"What Hetty Did"},{"psg_id":"11856925","text":"What Hetty Did What Hetty Did is the seventh novel by J.L. Carr, published in 1988 when he was 76 years old. The novel describes the experiences of an 18-year-old girl. Hetty Birtwisle has been brought up by adoptive parents in the Fens; after a beating by her father, discovering that she was adopted, she flees to Birmingham where she has learnt she was born and alters her surname to Beauchamp. Hetty Beauchamp comes across several characters from Carr's other novels in the boarding house in which she lives, including Emma Foxberrow, a teacher in \"The Harpole Report\" and Edward","title":"What Hetty Did"},{"psg_id":"18787754","text":"daughter. All three examples are connected by a chorus stating \"\"I'll take this one day and figure out what I did right / And I'll do it the same way for the rest of my life.\"\" Deborah Evans Price of \"Billboard\" reviewed the song favorably, saying that \"Like 'I Hope You Dance'…the song will touch a universal chord with everyone who has experienced a moment so perfect they wish they could capture it and live it over again.\" What I Did Right \"What I Did Right\" is a song recorded by American country music group Sons of the Desert. It","title":"What I Did Right"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10014027\",\n \"text\": \"program's announcer. The series ended on September 25, 1955. Chick Carter, Boy Detective was a serial adventure that aired weekday afternoons on Mutual. Chick Carter, the adopted son of Nick Carter, was played by Bill Lipton (1943-44) and Leon Janney (1944-45). The series aired from July 5, 1943 to July 6, 1945. Nick Carter, Master Detective Nick Carter, Master Detective was a Mutual radio crime drama based on tales of the fictional private detective Nick Carter from Street & Smith's dime novels and pulp magazines. Nick Carter first came to radio as The Return of Nick Carter, a reference to\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter, Master Detective\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4341021\",\n \"text\": \"1908, and enjoyed considerable success. Further adaptations followed with \\\"Nouvelles aventures de Nick Carter\\\" in 1909, and the character was revived for a confrontation with a master criminal in \\\"Zigomar contre Nick Carter\\\" in 1912. American actor Eddie Constantine played the title roles in the French-made spy films \\\"Nick Carter va tout casser\\\" (1964) and \\\"Nick Carter et le trèfle rouge\\\" (1965). In one curiously circular and self-referential scene, Constantine (as Carter) enters a house where he finds a large collection of \\\"Nick Carter\\\" pulp magazines and other \\\"Nick Carter\\\" memorabilia. Both films are unconnected to the Killmaster book series.\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (literary character)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10014023\",\n \"text\": \"Nick Carter, Master Detective Nick Carter, Master Detective was a Mutual radio crime drama based on tales of the fictional private detective Nick Carter from Street & Smith's dime novels and pulp magazines. Nick Carter first came to radio as The Return of Nick Carter, a reference to the character's pulp origins, but the title was soon changed to Nick Carter, Master Detective. A veteran radio dramatist, Ferrin Fraser, wrote many of the scripts. With Lon Clark in the title role, the series commenced 11 April 1943, on Mutual, continuing in many different timeslots for well over a decade. Between\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter, Master Detective\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4341016\",\n \"text\": \"magazine, \\\"Nick Carter Weekly\\\". The serialized stories in \\\"Nick Carter Weekly\\\" were also reprinted as stand-alone titles under the New Magnet Library imprint. By 1915, \\\"Nick Carter Weekly\\\" had ceased publication and Street & Smith had replaced it with \\\"Detective Story Magazine\\\", which focused on a more varied cast of characters. There was a brief attempt at reviving Carter in 1924–27 in \\\"Detective Story Magazine\\\", but it was not successful. In the 1930s, due to the success of \\\"The Shadow\\\" and \\\"Doc Savage\\\", Street & Smith revived Nick Carter in a pulp magazine (called \\\"Nick Carter Detective Magazine\\\") that ran\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (literary character)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9569720\",\n \"text\": \"Nick Carter-Killmaster Nick Carter-Killmaster is a series of spy adventures published from 1964 until 1990, first by Award Books, then by Ace Books, and finally by Jove Books. At least 261 novels were published. The character is an update of a pulp fiction private detective named Nick Carter first published in 1886. No actual author is credited for the books, with the Nick Carter name being used as a house pseudonym. Volumes varied between first person and third person narrative. Authors known to have contributed entries in the series are Michael Avallone, Valerie Moolman, Manning Lee Stokes, Dennis Lynds, Gayle\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter-Killmaster\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4383814\",\n \"text\": \"Lauren Kitt, a fitness trainer whom he met through his brother and sister, in the Florida Keys. They were married on April 12, 2014, in Santa Barbara, California. On October 27, 2015, it was revealed by multiple sources that Nick and his wife Lauren were expecting their first child together. On November 2, the couple found out the gender of their baby live on \\\"Dancing with the Stars\\\". On April 19, 2016 after a successful home-birth, the two welcomed their son Odin Reign Carter. On January 13, 2016, Carter was arrested in Key West, Florida, and booked on misdemeanor battery\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (musician)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4867184\",\n \"text\": \"Leslie Carter Leslie Barbara Carter (June 6, 1986 – January 31, 2012) was an American pop singer best known as the sister of Backstreet Boys member Nick Carter and singer Aaron Carter. Leslie Carter was born in Tampa, Florida, the third of five children of Jane Elizabeth (née Spaulding) and Robert Carter (1952-2017). She was born at the Garden Villa Retirement Home, where the Carter family were living and working at the time. She was the older sister of Aaron Carter and his twin sister Angel and the younger sister of BJ Carter and Nick Carter. On September 12, 2008,\",\n \"title\": \"Leslie Carter\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4341026\",\n \"text\": \"to \\\"The Shadow Comics\\\". Some of these appearances were in text stories. Chick appeared in \\\"The Shadow Comics\\\", some of which were in text stories. There was also \\\"Nick Carter\\\", a 1972 Italian comic strip featuring detective Nick Carter. Nick Carter (literary character) Nick Carter is a fictional character that began as a dime novel private detective in 1886 and has appeared in a variety of formats over more than a century. Nick Carter first appeared in the story paper \\\"New York Weekly\\\" (Vol. 41 No. 46, September 18, 1886) in a 13-week serial, \\\"The Old Detective's Pupil; or, The\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (literary character)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4341022\",\n \"text\": \"The actor Walter Pidgeon portrayed the detective Nick Carter in a trilogy of films released by the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer company. Though MGM purchased the rights to a large number of Nick Carter stories, the films used original screenplays. In the 1944 movie \\\"The Thin Man Goes Home\\\", the detective character Nick Charles (William Powell) is seen reading a \\\"Nick Carter Detective\\\" magazine while relaxing in a hammock. Columbia could not afford the rights to produce a Nick Carter serial, so they made one about his son instead; \\\"Chick Carter, Detective\\\" appeared in 1946. In 1972, the actor Robert Conrad made a\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (literary character)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9569724\",\n \"text\": \"earlier Nick Carter and included a Nick Carter detective short story alongside a Killmaster adventure. Nick Carter uses three main weapons during the course of the series, all of which are named, and have histories. The gun, Wilhelmina, is a stripped down German Luger. In the earliest stories, Carter got the gun off a German officer during a harrowing mission during World War II. Later stories state that he has had a series of Lugers, all named Wilhelmina. The knife, Hugo, is a pearl-handled 400-year-old stiletto crafted by Benvenuto Cellini. The blade retracts into the handle, and the whole thing\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter-Killmaster\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4383817\",\n \"text\": \"memoir \\\"Facing the Music and Living to Talk About It\\\". Nick Carter (musician) Nickolas Gene Carter (born January 28, 1980) is an American musician and actor. He is best known as a member of the pop group the Backstreet Boys. As of 2015, Carter has released three solo albums, \\\"Now or Never\\\", \\\"I'm Taking Off\\\" and \\\"All American\\\" during breaks between Backstreet Boys schedules, and a collaboration with Jordan Knight titled \\\"Nick & Knight\\\". He has made occasional television appearances and starred in his own reality shows, \\\"House of Carters\\\" and \\\"I (Heart) Nick Carter\\\". He gained fame in the\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (musician)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4383798\",\n \"text\": \"Nick Carter (musician) Nickolas Gene Carter (born January 28, 1980) is an American musician and actor. He is best known as a member of the pop group the Backstreet Boys. As of 2015, Carter has released three solo albums, \\\"Now or Never\\\", \\\"I'm Taking Off\\\" and \\\"All American\\\" during breaks between Backstreet Boys schedules, and a collaboration with Jordan Knight titled \\\"Nick & Knight\\\". He has made occasional television appearances and starred in his own reality shows, \\\"House of Carters\\\" and \\\"I (Heart) Nick Carter\\\". He gained fame in the mid 1990s and early 2000s as a teen idol. He\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (musician)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4341023\",\n \"text\": \"television pilot, set in the Victorian era, The Adventures of Nick Carter that was shown as a rare made-for-TV installment of the \\\"ABC Sunday Night Movie\\\" (which normally featured theatrical releases edited for broadcast). The Czechoslovakian movie \\\"Dinner for Adele\\\" (1977) is a parody inspired by Nick Carter's pulp magazine adventures. It features \\\"America's most famous detective\\\" visiting Prague at the beginning of the 20th century and solving a case involving a dangerous carnivorous plant (the Adele of the title). The Slovak actor Michal Dočolomanský played Nick Carter. Nick Carter first came to radio as The Return of Nick Carter.\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (literary character)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15076735\",\n \"text\": \"and the WAFL. Carter is currently the coach of the Golden Square Football Club, the club he played junior football for. Carter was named captain of the Bendigo Team of the Decade. Bendigo's best and fairest award is named the Carter Medal, in honour of his contributions to the club. He became the first Bendigo player to play 100 games for the club. Nick Carter (footballer) Nick Carter (born 28 April 1978) is a former Australian rules football player. During his career Carter played for Fitzroy, Brisbane and Melbourne in the Australian Football League (AFL). Carter began playing football for\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (footballer)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19181651\",\n \"text\": \"but dropped out of the chart sooner. I Will Wait (Nick Carter song) \\\"I Will Wait\\\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Nick Carter. The song was released in U.S and Canada as a digital download on September 12, 2015. It was the first single from his third solo album \\\"All American\\\". \\\"When I wrote the song, I think we wrote it with the intention going back to what the Backstreet Boys and what we were known for, which is love songs. As a writer and an artist, sometimes as your career goes on, you try to make\",\n \"title\": \"I Will Wait (Nick Carter song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19181649\",\n \"text\": \"I Will Wait (Nick Carter song) \\\"I Will Wait\\\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Nick Carter. The song was released in U.S and Canada as a digital download on September 12, 2015. It was the first single from his third solo album \\\"All American\\\". \\\"When I wrote the song, I think we wrote it with the intention going back to what the Backstreet Boys and what we were known for, which is love songs. As a writer and an artist, sometimes as your career goes on, you try to make points, and you try to be overly\",\n \"title\": \"I Will Wait (Nick Carter song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15076731\",\n \"text\": \"Nick Carter (footballer) Nick Carter (born 28 April 1978) is a former Australian rules football player. During his career Carter played for Fitzroy, Brisbane and Melbourne in the Australian Football League (AFL). Carter began playing football for Golden Square as a junior. He then played for the Bendigo Pioneers in the TAC Cup. Carter played for the Victorian Country team at the 1995 AFL Under 18 Championships. Carter was drafted by Fitzroy Football Club with the 20th selection in the 1995 AFL Draft, with coach Michael Nunan stating the club was looking for \\\"players with pace and finish to play\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (footballer)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4341018\",\n \"text\": \"in 1964 and more than 260 Nick Carter-Killmaster adventures were published up until 1990. (Two additional books have been erroneously listed as Killmaster novels by some sources: \\\"Meteor Eject!\\\", a memoir by an RAF pilot named Nick Carter, published in 2000, and a 2005 release entitled \\\"Brotherhood\\\", which is actually an autobiography of singer Nick Carter of the Backstreet Boys.) The 100th Killmaster novel -- \\\"Nick Carter 100\\\" -- was accompanied by an essay on the 1890s version, and a short story featuring the character; that marked one of the few times the Killmaster series acknowledged its historical roots. None\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (literary character)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16647533\",\n \"text\": \"can continue searching in freedom and peace. David Deal states in the \\\"Eurospy Guide\\\" that this film emulated the US-American Nick Carter movies \\\"of the 1930s and 1940s\\\" and subsequently he recommends it to nostalgist with a penchant for \\\"serials of pulp magazines\\\" of that era. Nick Carter va tout casser Nick Carter va tout casser is a French action film starring Eddie Constantine as Nick Carter. An English version was dubbed by Eddie Constantine dubbing himself. Constantine repeated his role in \\\"Nick Carter et le trèfle rouge\\\" (1965). The film was titled License to Kill in the USA. Professor\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter va tout casser\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4341025\",\n \"text\": \"cast included Raymond Edward Johnson, Bill Johnstone and Bryna Raeburn. Michael Fitzmaurice was the program's announcer. The series ended on September 25, 1955. Chick Carter, Boy Detective was a serial adventure that aired weekday afternoons on Mutual. Chick Carter, the adopted son of Nick Carter, was played by Bill Lipton (1943–44) and Leon Janney (1944–45). The series aired from July 5, 1943 to July 6, 1945. Nick Carter and Chick Carter appeared in comics published by Street & Smith. Nick appeared in \\\"The Shadow Comics\\\", then moved to \\\"Army & Navy Comics\\\" and \\\"Doc Savage Comics\\\" briefly, before moving back\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (literary character)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6898923\",\n \"text\": \"Nick Carter (tennis) Clarence \\\"Nick\\\" Carter (June 6, 1918 — October 25, 1989) of San Francisco, California, was a top-level amateur tennis player in the 1940s and 1950s. He was ranked as high as No. 17 in the U.S. In 1948, Carter was the runner-up at the U.S. Clay Court Championships (falling to Richard \\\"Pancho\\\" Gonzalez in the final) and reached the round of 16 at the U.S. National Championships. Carter won the singles championship at the Cincinnati Masters in 1946, defeating Filipino Davis Cupper Felicisimo Ampon in the Round of 16, Earl Cochell in the quarterfinals, George Ball of\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (tennis)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15367150\",\n \"text\": \"Carter started recording new songs for his second solo album, working with Rami, Carl Falk, Toby Gad, Josh Hoge, Claude Kelly, and many others. The album, titled \\\"I'm Taking Off\\\", was released in Japan on February 2, 2011 in Japan, in Germany on June 3 and on the US iTunes Store on May 24. The following songs bonus, B-sides and have not appeared on an album by Carter. Nick Carter discography The discography of Nick Carter, an American pop singer, consists of two studio album, one compilation album, five singles (including one as a featured artist) and four music videos.\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter discography\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12898843\",\n \"text\": \"Nick Carter (baseball) Conrad Powell \\\"Nick\\\" Carter (May 19, 1879 – November 23, 1961), was a professional baseball player. He played one season in Major League Baseball as a pitcher in 1908 for the Philadelphia Athletics. Carter attended the University of Virginia. Carter was drafted by Athletics' owner and manager Connie Mack in 1907 after playing minor league baseball for the Syracuse Stars of the New York State League from 1903 to 1907. He was considered the best pitcher in the league that season by New York State League team managers. Although he had never played in the majors prior\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (baseball)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4341019\",\n \"text\": \"of the Nick Carter series of books carried author credits, although it is known that several of the earliest volumes were written by Michael Avallone, and that Valerie Moolman and NYT bestselling author Gayle Lynds wrote others, making this the first series of its kind to be written in significant part by women. Bill Crider is another author identified with Nick Carter. The Nick Carter name was treated as if it were a pseudonym, and many of the volumes were written in first person. The works were published under the house pseudonyms \\\"Nicolas Carter\\\" and \\\"Sergeant Ryan\\\". Authors known to\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (literary character)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4341017\",\n \"text\": \"from 1933 to 1936. Since the Doc Savage character had basically been given Nick's background, Nick Carter was now recast as more of a hard-boiled detective. Novels featuring Carter continued to appear through the 1950s, by which time there was also a popular radio show, \\\"Nick Carter, Master Detective\\\", which aired on the Mutual Broadcasting System network from 1943 to 1955. Following the success of the James Bond series in the 1960s, the character was updated for a long-running series of novels featuring the adventures of secret agent Nick Carter, aka the Killmaster. The first book, \\\"Run Spy Run\\\", appeared\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (literary character)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17791323\",\n \"text\": \"Nick Carter, Master Detective (film) Nick Carter, Master Detective is a 1939 film starring Walter Pidgeon in the title role. Carter investigates espionage at an aircraft factory. Pidgeon and Donald Meek went on to reprise their roles in two sequels, \\\"Phantom Raiders\\\" (1940) and \\\"Sky Murder\\\" (1941). Nick Carter boards an airliner with John Keller, the inventor of a revolutionary new aircraft. The pilot makes an unscheduled landing so that his confederates can try to steal Keller's plans, but Carter holds them off, and stewardess Lou Farnsby manages to fly them to safety. Carter, posing as \\\"Robert Chalmers\\\", the new\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter, Master Detective (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16647531\",\n \"text\": \"Nick Carter va tout casser Nick Carter va tout casser is a French action film starring Eddie Constantine as Nick Carter. An English version was dubbed by Eddie Constantine dubbing himself. Constantine repeated his role in \\\"Nick Carter et le trèfle rouge\\\" (1965). The film was titled License to Kill in the USA. Professor Fromentin's inventions are about to start a new era in anti-aircraft warfare. No fighter aircraft hitherto known stands a chance against his trail-blazing self-designed unmanned aerial vehicles. Secret services all over the world are determined to either obtain Fromentin's knowledge or to make dead sure nobody\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter va tout casser\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19181650\",\n \"text\": \"creative.\\\" Nick Carter said, \\\"I just wanted to go back to the basics, and tap into what our fans knew us for.\\\" He also claimed this song was inspired by Ed Sheeran's songwriting. The music video for \\\"I Will Wait\\\" was filmed and released on YouTube and Vevo on September 22, 2015. Nick stated that the inspiration of the video was based on The Notebook. On November 24, Carter first performed the song on the finale of \\\"Dancing with the Stars\\\", where he was one of the four finalists. After the promotion, the song climbed to Top 100 on iTunes\",\n \"title\": \"I Will Wait (Nick Carter song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15367148\",\n \"text\": \"Nick Carter discography The discography of Nick Carter, an American pop singer, consists of two studio album, one compilation album, five singles (including one as a featured artist) and four music videos. Carter attempted a career as a solo artist in 2002, when he released \\\"Now or Never\\\". The album reached #17 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" 200 and was certified gold, both in the United States and Canada. The lead single, \\\"Help Me\\\" achieved considerable worldwide success while the other single, \\\"I Got You\\\" was a minor hit in Europe. He also launched a worldwide tour in support of the album.\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter discography\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9569723\",\n \"text\": \"a prodigious ability for learning foreign languages. He is fluent in English (his native tongue), Cantonese, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Portuguese, Putonghua (Mandarin), Russian, Sanskrit, Spanish and Vietnamese. He has basic skills in Arabic, Hindustani, Japanese, Korean, Romansch, Swahili, and Turkish. In the early novels, Carter often assumes a number of elaborate disguises in order to execute his missions. The name Nick Carter was acknowledged by the series as having been inspired by the early 20th century pulp fiction detective of the same name in the 100th Killmaster volume (labelled \\\"Nick Carter 100\\\") which included an essay on the\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter-Killmaster\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16231600\",\n \"text\": \"was on the Easter Relays organizing committee for 53 years. The track at Santa Barbara City College that houses the Easter Relays bears his name. For decades, UCSB's annual invitational track meet was called the Nick Carter Invitational. He is a member of the Occidental College Track and Field Hall of Fame. Nick Carter (athlete) Ernest Nicholas Newton Carter (born September 4, 1902 in Globe, Arizona Territory – September 26, 1997 Santa Barbara, California) was an American track and field athlete, coach and official. He ran the 1500 metres in the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, finishing a non-qualifying 3rd\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (athlete)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6898925\",\n \"text\": \"coached Rosie Casals, who became a touring pro and won grand slam doubles with Billie Jean King, and many state and nationally ranked juniors at Arden Hills Swimming and Tennis Club, where Mark Spitz trained, in Carmichael, California Nick Carter (tennis) Clarence \\\"Nick\\\" Carter (June 6, 1918 — October 25, 1989) of San Francisco, California, was a top-level amateur tennis player in the 1940s and 1950s. He was ranked as high as No. 17 in the U.S. In 1948, Carter was the runner-up at the U.S. Clay Court Championships (falling to Richard \\\"Pancho\\\" Gonzalez in the final) and reached the\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (tennis)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4383807\",\n \"text\": \"in 2006. \\\"Let It Go\\\" was written by Nick Carter, Matthew Gerrard, and Bridget Louise Benenate. Carter recorded a duet with pop singer Jennifer Paige called \\\"Beautiful Lie\\\" in 2009. In 2010, Nick Carter started recording new songs for his second solo album, working with Rami Yacoub, Carl Falk, Toby Gad, Josh Hoge, Claude Kelly, among many others. Carter's new album titled \\\"I'm Taking Off\\\", was released on February 2, 2011 in Japan, in Germany on June 3, 2011 and in the USA via iTunes on May 24. As of June 2011, Nick's second solo album reached No. 8 in\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (musician)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6556011\",\n \"text\": \"for TV and later adapted for comic-strip magazines. Several stories were drawn by Silver (Guido Silvestri) and Clod (Claudio Onesti). Nick Carter stories features a great number of parodies of famous themes and characters of literature, film, TV and history. An incomplete list includes: Nick Carter (comic strip) Nick Carter is an Italian comic strip created in 1972 as a semi-animated cartoon, for \\\"Gulp!\\\", one of the most popular Italian TV shows of that decade. The creators were Guido De Maria, as director and writer, and Franco Bonvicini (\\\"Bonvi\\\"), as co-writer and artist. The first run comprised 11 stories, later\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (comic strip)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4341015\",\n \"text\": \"Nick Carter (literary character) Nick Carter is a fictional character that began as a dime novel private detective in 1886 and has appeared in a variety of formats over more than a century. Nick Carter first appeared in the story paper \\\"New York Weekly\\\" (Vol. 41 No. 46, September 18, 1886) in a 13-week serial, \\\"The Old Detective's Pupil; or, The Mysterious Crime of Madison Square\\\"; the character was conceived by Ormond G. Smith, the son of one of the founders of Street & Smith, and realized by John R. Coryell. The character proved popular enough to headline its own\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (literary character)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15367149\",\n \"text\": \"He was named \\\"Cosmogirl\\\" magazine's \\\"sexiest man in the world\\\" in 2002, beating out rival pop star Justin Timberlake for the title. Nick began work on his second solo album in 2003, but the recordings were aborted when the Backstreet Boys returned to the studio. One of the tracks from the earlier recording sessions was used as the theme song to the television series \\\"House of Carters\\\" in 2006. \\\"Let It Go\\\" was written by Nick Carter, Matthew Gerrard, and Bridget Louise Benenate. Carter recorded a duet with pop singer Jennifer Paige called \\\"Beautiful Lie\\\" in 2009. In 2010, Nick\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter discography\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6556010\",\n \"text\": \"Nick Carter (comic strip) Nick Carter is an Italian comic strip created in 1972 as a semi-animated cartoon, for \\\"Gulp!\\\", one of the most popular Italian TV shows of that decade. The creators were Guido De Maria, as director and writer, and Franco Bonvicini (\\\"Bonvi\\\"), as co-writer and artist. The first run comprised 11 stories, later reissued, as print comic strips for \\\"Il Corriere dei Ragazzi\\\", and then in numerous other magazines and books. In 1977 the character was revamped for the follow-on TV series \\\"SuperGulp!\\\", with 17 further episodes. The \\\"Nick Carter\\\" episodes number some 80, including those created\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (comic strip)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14062400\",\n \"text\": \"to make further Nick Carter adaptations in the following years, and there were also imitations made by other companies. Nick Carter, le roi des détectives Nick Carter, le roi des détectives (1908) is a French silent serial film based on the popular American novels featuring the master-detective Nick Carter. It was written by Georges Hatot and directed by Victorin-Hippolyte Jasset for the Éclair company. It was released in six episodes, each of which told a complete story, but their release was timed at approximately fortnightly intervals to create a sense of continuity with the audience. The stories were set in\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter, le roi des détectives\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12898845\",\n \"text\": \"and posting a 10–13 won-lost record. In 1909 he spent the entire season with the Blues, pitching in 32 games and 229 innings, posting a 15–12 record. By 1911 he was back in the New York State League, pitching for the Elmira Colonels. He had a 10–13 won-lost record in 34 games for the Colonels in 1911. In 1913, he pitched for the Newport News Shipbuilders of the Virginia League. There he posted a 12–10 won-lost record in 28 games and 216 innings. Nick Carter (baseball) Conrad Powell \\\"Nick\\\" Carter (May 19, 1879 – November 23, 1961), was a professional\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (baseball)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6629602\",\n \"text\": \"All American (Nick Carter album) All American is the third solo album released by Backstreet Boys member Nick Carter. The album was released on November 25, 2015, on his own record label, Kaotic, Inc. This is his first solo album since \\\"I'm Taking Off\\\", which was released four years earlier. In January 2015, Carter let fans know he was working on another solo album that will be titled All American. On September 22, 2015, he released the lead single from the album called \\\"I Will Wait\\\" on Vevo, which he said was inspired by Ed Sheeran’s songwriting. Carter also has\",\n \"title\": \"All American (Nick Carter album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4383810\",\n \"text\": \"for release in 2008, but was released as direct-to-video movie in 2010. In 2012, he made a guest appearance on \\\"90210\\\". Carter made his motion picture debut in 2013, appearing in the comedy \\\"This Is the End\\\" along with the rest of the Backstreet Boys. In 2014, Carter and his then fiancee, Lauren Kitt, starred in their own VH1 reality show, \\\"I Heart Nick Carter\\\", which centered around the planning of their April 2014 wedding. At Comic-Con 2015 in San Diego, Carter revealed his plans to film a movie that he had written, and would be directing and starring in.\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (musician)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4383808\",\n \"text\": \"Japan, selling over 20,000 copies. In 2014, Carter recorded a duet album with Jordan Knight from fellow boy band, New Kids on the Block, titled \\\"Nick & Knight\\\" which debuted at #24 on the US \\\"Billboard\\\" 200 and #14 in Canada. The tour to support the album ran through September–November 2014. On September 22, 2015, Carter released the first single from his new album, entitled \\\"I Will Wait\\\" on Vevo. The new CD, \\\"All American\\\", was released on November 25, 2015. In support of the album, Carter toured in February and March 2016. In October 2004, Carter starred as local\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (musician)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4383801\",\n \"text\": \"role in the fourth grade production of \\\"Phantom of the Opera\\\" at Miles Elementary School. He also did an educational video called \\\"Reach For The Book\\\", a show called \\\"The Klub\\\" and performing at the Tampa Bay Buccaneers home games for two years. He also made an appearance in the 1990 Johnny Depp film \\\"Edward Scissorhands\\\" as a child playing on a Slip 'N Slide. One of his dance teachers, Sandy, placed him in his first group called \\\"Nick and the Angels\\\". Between 1989-1993, Carter covered a various number of popular songs by other artists, including \\\"Breaking Up Is Hard\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (musician)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14062399\",\n \"text\": \"Nick Carter, le roi des détectives Nick Carter, le roi des détectives (1908) is a French silent serial film based on the popular American novels featuring the master-detective Nick Carter. It was written by Georges Hatot and directed by Victorin-Hippolyte Jasset for the Éclair company. It was released in six episodes, each of which told a complete story, but their release was timed at approximately fortnightly intervals to create a sense of continuity with the audience. The stories were set in Paris. The episodes, their release dates, and length were as follows: The success of the film led the company\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter, le roi des détectives\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6629609\",\n \"text\": \"by Rick Springfield, Californication by Red Hot Chili Peppers, Free Fallin' by Tom Petty, Buddy Holly by Weezer and In the Air Tonight by Phil Collins. And during the song The Call, Carter shows some dance moves that he learned from Dancing With The Stars, where he was one of the contestants. Show Intro Unplugged Full Band Rock Show Encore All American (Nick Carter album) All American is the third solo album released by Backstreet Boys member Nick Carter. The album was released on November 25, 2015, on his own record label, Kaotic, Inc. This is his first solo album\",\n \"title\": \"All American (Nick Carter album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4341020\",\n \"text\": \"have contributed include the following: Stories are also credited to Harrison Keith, the joint pseudonym of John A. L. Chambliss and Philip Clark, who both wrote for the franchise. The character has had a long and varied film history, with three countries producing films based on it. In 1908, the French film company Éclair engaged Victorin-Hippolyte Jasset to make a serial film based on the Nick Carter novels which were then being published in France by the German publisher Eichler. \\\"Nick Carter, le roi des détectives\\\", with Pierre Bressol in the title role, was released in six episodes in late\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (literary character)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16231598\",\n \"text\": \"Nick Carter (athlete) Ernest Nicholas Newton Carter (born September 4, 1902 in Globe, Arizona Territory – September 26, 1997 Santa Barbara, California) was an American track and field athlete, coach and official. He ran the 1500 metres in the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, finishing a non-qualifying 3rd place in his heat. Carter ran for Occidental College, finishing second in the Mile run at the NCAA Men's Outdoor Track and Field Championships in 1925. He also finished third in the USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships twice, in 1927 and 1928. Prior to Occidental, he ran for Lompoc High School,\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (athlete)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16066913\",\n \"text\": \"Love Can't Wait (Nick Carter song) \\\"Love Can't Wait\\\" is a song by American singer-songwriter Nick Carter, released as the lead Canadian single from his second studio album, \\\"I'm Taking Off\\\". The single was released on June 21, 2011. The song only appears on the Canadian version of the album, and has not been released in any other territories. The music video for the song features Carter performing the song with the backdrop of a motorway system. The music video also featured Canadian pop star Shawn Desman, who co-wrote the song. The single peaked at #2 on the Canadian Singles\",\n \"title\": \"Love Can't Wait (Nick Carter song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16066914\",\n \"text\": \"Chart, based entirely on download sales. Carter ran a competition for amateur mixers to remix the track, with the winning remixer earning $1500 and their remix appearing on Carter's remix album, \\\"I'm Taking Off: Relaunched and Remixed\\\". Love Can't Wait (Nick Carter song) \\\"Love Can't Wait\\\" is a song by American singer-songwriter Nick Carter, released as the lead Canadian single from his second studio album, \\\"I'm Taking Off\\\". The single was released on June 21, 2011. The song only appears on the Canadian version of the album, and has not been released in any other territories. The music video for\",\n \"title\": \"Love Can't Wait (Nick Carter song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16647532\",\n \"text\": \"else does. But Fromentin refuses to sell and consequently several attempts are made on his life. Nick Carter has a personal interest in protecting the professor who was a good friend of his father. This is harder than it looks because the professor's entourage includes at least one traitor. An international network of terrorists eventually conceives a plan to take advantage of this situation. They intend to capture the professor and then to sell him to the highest bidder. Nick Carter has to apply advanced gadgets and sometimes also just his fists, thus refuting all criminal tactics until the scientist\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter va tout casser\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17791327\",\n \"text\": \"Frank Nugent wrote in \\\"The New York Times\\\", \\\"No, this isn't Nick Carter as we remember him, but it's an amusing fiction for all that, with enough action to compensate for the arch unoriginality of the plot and with pleasantly casual performances all around. ... They [Pidgeon and Meek] make a gay crime-solving combination\\\". \\\"Time Out\\\" more recently stated, \\\"Tourneur's second film in Hollywood, it's briskly and competently done, but the best thing about it is Donald Meek's performance as Bartholomew the Bee Man, a mousy little apiculturist who fancies himself as a private eye.\\\" Nick Carter, Master Detective (film)\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter, Master Detective (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4383806\",\n \"text\": \"the World\\\" in 2002, beating out such competition as actor Brad Pitt and rival pop star Justin Timberlake for the title, launching a media-hyped \\\"rivalry\\\" between Timberlake and Carter, culminating in an amicable 2009 meeting off camera on the set of Late Night with Jimmy Fallon where Carter defeated Timberlake in an arm wrestling match. Nick began work on his second solo album in 2003, but the recordings were aborted when the Backstreet Boys returned to the studio. One of the tracks from the earlier recording sessions was used as the theme song to the television series \\\"House of Carters\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (musician)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9569729\",\n \"text\": \"Carter's personal boss. Della Stokes, Hawk's personal secretary, is a character similar to Bond's Miss Moneypenny - flirtatious but serious. Ginger Bateman is Hawk's personal secretary in later novels. Geoffrey Poindexter, AXE's equivalent to Q, runs the Special Effects and Editing department, in charge of weapons, gadgets, disguises, and papers. In the first novel in the series (\\\"Run, Spy, Run\\\"), AXE is described as comprising 24 agents. They are identified by alphanumeric code. The following agents / codes have been described: N.B. the listing here is in series order (not necessarily by publication date, which is given) Nick Carter-Killmaster Nick\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter-Killmaster\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4867189\",\n \"text\": \"report said Carter, identified by her married name of Leslie B. Ashton, had suffered an overdose and was taking the prescription medications olanzapine (Zyprexa), cyclobenzaprine (a muscle relaxant) and alprazolam (Xanax). As of February 25, 2012, the cause of death was still under investigation by authorities. Leslie Carter is buried in Chautauqua Cemetery in Chautauqua, New York. Leslie Carter Leslie Barbara Carter (June 6, 1986 – January 31, 2012) was an American pop singer best known as the sister of Backstreet Boys member Nick Carter and singer Aaron Carter. Leslie Carter was born in Tampa, Florida, the third of five\",\n \"title\": \"Leslie Carter\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14313527\",\n \"text\": \"Carter would assume the post of Chief of the General Staff. He took up his post and was promoted to full general on 5 September 2014. As of 2015, Carter was paid a salary of between £170,000 and £174,999 by the department, making him one of the 328 most highly paid people in the British public sector at that time. Carter was awarded the US Legion of Merit on 18 March 2016 for services in Afghanistan. On 1 February 2013, he succeeded Sir Nick Parker as Colonel-Commandant of The Rifles. In January 2018 Carter used a speech in London to\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (British Army officer)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7263683\",\n \"text\": \"I Saw What You Did I Saw What You Did is a 1965 American horror-thriller film released by Universal Pictures and starring Joan Crawford and John Ireland. The plot follows two teenage girls who find themselves in serious danger after making a prank phone call to a man who has just murdered his wife. The screenplay by William P. McGivern was based upon the 1964 novel \\\"Out of the Dark\\\" by Ursula Curtiss. The film was produced and directed by William Castle. When two mischievous teens Libby (Andi Garrett) and Kit (Sara Lane) are home alone with Libby's younger sister\",\n \"title\": \"I Saw What You Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11942392\",\n \"text\": \"What I Did Last Summer What I Did Last Summer is a play by the American playwright A.R. Gurney. The setting is a well-to-do vacation colony on the shores of Lake Erie, the time 1945, during the final stages of World War II. Charlie, an incipiently rebellious fourteen-year-old, is summering with his mother and sister (his father is fighting in the Pacific) before going off to an expensive boarding school in the fall. Although he intended to spend the summer loafing and socializing with his friends (such as Ted), the need for spending money forces him to take a job\",\n \"title\": \"What I Did Last Summer\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"872565\",\n \"text\": \"his brother Nick, he also has three sisters: twin sister Angel (a model), B.J. and Leslie (1986–2012). Carter is named after his paternal grandfather, Aaron Charles Carter, and his maternal grandfather, Douglas \\\"Charles\\\" Spaulding. Carter attended the Frank D. Miles Elementary School and the Ruskin School in Florida. Carter began his performing career at the age of seven, as the lead singer of Dead End, a local band formed after the members met at a rock school that they attended in Tampa. He left the band after two years because they were interested in alternative rock while Carter was interested\",\n \"title\": \"Aaron Carter\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12765240\",\n \"text\": \"Now or Never (Nick Carter album) Now or Never is the debut solo album by Nick Carter, best known as a member of the Backstreet Boys, released on October 29, 2002 by Jive Records. The album debuted at #17 in its first week on the \\\"Billboard\\\" 200, selling some 70,000 copies during first week in U.S. It fell out of the top 50 in its second week, but sold well enough to be certified Gold by the RIAA in December 2002. Two singles were released from the album, neither of which had any impact on the US charts. The first\",\n \"title\": \"Now or Never (Nick Carter album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12765242\",\n \"text\": \"17 on Billboard 200 and was certified gold, both in the United States and Canada. The lead single, \\\"Help Me\\\" achieved considerable worldwide success while the other single, \\\"I Got You\\\" was a minor hit in Europe. The album made the charts in many countries as well. He also launched a worldwide tour in support of the album. Credits for \\\"Now or Never\\\" adapted from AllMusic. Now or Never (Nick Carter album) Now or Never is the debut solo album by Nick Carter, best known as a member of the Backstreet Boys, released on October 29, 2002 by Jive Records.\",\n \"title\": \"Now or Never (Nick Carter album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14313532\",\n \"text\": \"like Carter, who \\\"tried to protect innocents\\\". Conversely, Tunnell's judgment whilst under Carter's command was the subject of criticism. A formal US Army review of the conduct of Tunnell's brigade in Afghanistan pointed to its \\\"lack of discipline\\\" and \\\"contempt for the normal Army rules\\\". The report's author concluded: \\\"Colonel Tunnell is no longer in command... If still in command, I would recommend that Colonel Tunnell be relieved of his responsibilities as a brigade commander.\\\" In 1984 Carter married Louise Anne Ewart; they have three sons and one daughter. His interests include golf, cricket, field sports and cycling. Nick Carter\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (British Army officer)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14313519\",\n \"text\": \"Nick Carter (British Army officer) General Sir Nicholas Patrick Carter, (born 11 February 1959) is a Kenyan-born senior British Army officer. He served as commanding officer of 2nd Battalion, Royal Green Jackets in which role he was deployed to Bosnia in 1998 and Kosovo in 1999. After service in Afghanistan, he took command of 20th Armoured Brigade in 2004 and commanded British forces in Basra. He was subsequently appointed General Officer Commanding 6th Division, which was deployed to Afghanistan with Carter as Commander ISAF Regional Command South, before he became Director-General Land Warfare. After that he became Deputy Commander Land\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (British Army officer)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5693437\",\n \"text\": \"Sharon Carter Sharon Carter (also known as Agent 13) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. She is usually depicted as a secret agent and an ex-field agent of S.H.I.E.L.D. under Nick Fury and the love of Captain America, Steve Rogers's life, as the superhero has stated in the comics. In the original comic book continuity, Sharon was the younger sister of Peggy Carter, the wartime love interest of Captain America. She was later retconned as Peggy's great-niece because of the unaging nature of comic book characters. Sharon Carter appears in the Marvel Cinematic\",\n \"title\": \"Sharon Carter\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4319127\",\n \"text\": \"Ruth Carter Stapleton Ruth Carter Stapleton (August 7, 1929 – September 26, 1983) was a sister of Jimmy Carter and was a Christian evangelist. She died of pancreatic cancer in 1983. Ruth Carter was born August 7, 1929, in Plains, Georgia, the third of the four children in the family of James Earl Carter, Sr. and Lillian Gordy Carter. Besides the former president, Stapleton had an older sister, Gloria (1926–1990), and a younger brother, Billy (1937–1988). All three of them died of pancreatic cancer, along with their parents. Stapleton earned her bachelor's degree in English from the University of North\",\n \"title\": \"Ruth Carter Stapleton\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15076733\",\n \"text\": \"of the team coming from the Brisbane Bears list. Carter, however, was one of those eight players. In his two seasons with Brisbane, Carter only managed to play five games, struggling to break into the senior side of a team with what Martin Blake described as \\\"the best depth in the competition\\\". After struggling to gain a spot in the Brisbane senior team, Carter was traded to Melbourne at the end of the 1998 season for the 45th draft pick in the 1998 AFL Draft. Carter only managed three games for the Demons and he was delisted at the end\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (footballer)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4341024\",\n \"text\": \"Then Nick Carter, Master Detective, with Lon Clark in the title role, began April 11, 1943, on Mutual, continuing in many different timeslots for well over a decade. Jock MacGregor was the producer-director of scripts by Alfred Bester, Milton J. Kramer, David Kogan and others. Background music was supplied by organists Hank Sylvern, Lew White and George Wright. Patsy Bowen, Nick's assistant, was portrayed by Helen Choate until mid-1946 and then Charlotte Manson stepped into the role. Nick and Patsy's friend was reporter Scubby Wilson (John Kane). Nick's contact at the police department was Sgt. Mathison (Ed Latimer). The supporting\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (literary character)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10014026\",\n \"text\": \"was fired when he asked for a raise in 1946, and then became head writer for the Nick Carter radio series. Oddly enough, he never liked to write scripts for the radio version of The Shadow, though both characters were published by Street & Smith. Patsy Bowen, Nick's assistant, was portrayed by Helen Choate until mid-1946; then Charlotte Manson stepped into the role. Nick and Patsy's friend was reporter Scubby Wilson (John Kane). Sgt. Mathison (Ed Latimer) was Nick's contact at the police department. The supporting cast included Raymond Edward Johnson, Bill Johnstone and Bryna Raeburn. Michael Fitzmaurice was the\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter, Master Detective\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7347822\",\n \"text\": \"'Dad?' Hurley comments that he did not expect Rose's husband to be white, before Jack quickly changes the subject. The producers felt it was important to address that they are an interracial couple, and that Hurley was saying what the audience would be thinking. Caldwell agreed with them and thought it would be odd if the issue was not addressed. Anderson also was glad that Hurley brought up the issue, and liked that Jack did not pay any attention. The episode gained 21.54 million American viewers in its first airing. What Kate Did \\\"What Kate Did\\\" is the 34th episode\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4383803\",\n \"text\": \"right away to be a part of the Backstreet Boys because his mother Jane wanted him to join \\\"The Mickey Mouse Club\\\" so that he could stay in school. A week later, he was asked to join the group and was given the choice of either joining \\\"The Mickey Mouse Club\\\" with a $50,000 contract or this new music group. Nick chose to go with the group instead. \\\"The Mickey Mouse Club\\\" was cancelled a few years later. After he joined the group, he had his own personal tutor on tour. At only 13 years old, Carter, AJ McLean, Brian\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (musician)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4383804\",\n \"text\": \"Littrell, Howie Dorough, and Kevin Richardson formed the pop group Backstreet Boys on April 20, 1993. Nick is the youngest member. The group has recorded several albums, beginning in the mid-1990s, the latest being 2013's \\\"In a World Like This\\\". In March 2016, the group announced that they will begin an exclusive headlining residency at Planet Hollywood in Las Vegas called . In 2002, when the Backstreet Boys expressed a strong desire to leave their management company, The Firm, Carter chose to remain with them to manage his solo career. As the group began recording their new album without him,\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (musician)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4383802\",\n \"text\": \"to Do\\\" and \\\"Uptown Girl\\\" and a few original songs that he would perform at events. These recordings ended up on an unofficial release called \\\"Before the Backstreet Boys 1989–1993\\\" by Dynamic Discs, Inc released in October 2002. It is revealed that through several auditions, Nick met AJ McLean and Howie Dorough and they became friends. After a troubled upbringing, he put in a winning performance on the 1992 New Original Amateur Hour at age 12. At 11 years old, Carter also auditioned for Disney's \\\"The Mickey Mouse Club\\\" and the Backstreet Boys around October 1992. He was not chosen\",\n \"title\": \"Nick Carter (musician)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7578097\",\n \"text\": \"as Dorry, Bryn McAuley as Joanna, and Dean Stockwell as \\\"Tramp\\\". A 1972 UK movie adaptation, \\\"Katy\\\", starred Clare Walker, and the 1962 eight-part TV series made in the UK, also called \\\"Katy\\\", featured rising star Susan Hampshire in the title role. In 2015, author Jacqueline Wilson wrote her novel \\\"Katy\\\", which is a modern retelling of \\\"What Katy Did\\\". The August 2016 edition of Storytime featured a new illustrated adaptation with illustrations by Italian artist Marco Guadalupi. \\\"What Katy Did\\\" was followed by four sequels: \\\"What Katy Did at School\\\" in which Katy and Clover attend the fictional Hillsover\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18937073\",\n \"text\": \"quietest albums in Michael Gira’s catalog.\\\" What We Did What We Did is a collaborative studio album by Swans frontman Michael Gira and Windsor for the Derby member Dan Matz. It was released on November 13, 2001 through Gira's Young God Records label. \\\"What We Did\\\" has a considerably more pop-oriented and accessible sound, compared to Gira's other solo works. The majority of the lyrics on the album was written by Matz. Allmusic critic Thom Jurek described the album as \\\"a finely wrought album of relayed styles and layered textures enfolding one another into a music that could have only\",\n \"title\": \"What We Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18937071\",\n \"text\": \"What We Did What We Did is a collaborative studio album by Swans frontman Michael Gira and Windsor for the Derby member Dan Matz. It was released on November 13, 2001 through Gira's Young God Records label. \\\"What We Did\\\" has a considerably more pop-oriented and accessible sound, compared to Gira's other solo works. The majority of the lyrics on the album was written by Matz. Allmusic critic Thom Jurek described the album as \\\"a finely wrought album of relayed styles and layered textures enfolding one another into a music that could have only been made by these two men,\",\n \"title\": \"What We Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7578098\",\n \"text\": \"School (set in Hanover, New Hampshire); \\\"What Katy Did Next\\\", in which a new friend of Katy's takes her on a once-in-a-lifetime trip to Europe; \\\"Clover\\\", in which Katy is married and Clover accompanies her brother Phil to Colorado after he falls ill; and \\\"In the High Valley\\\", which shows the lives of a handful of young people living in the High Valley in Colorado, including Clover, Elsie and their husbands. What Katy Did What Katy Did is an 1872 children's book written by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey under her pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the adventures of a twelve-year-old\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7578087\",\n \"text\": \"I can.\\\" When her mother died four years earlier, Katy promised to be a little mother to her siblings: in practice, she is the kind of big sister who is sometimes impatient or cross with them, but leads them into all sorts of exciting adventures. When Cousin Helen, an invalid, comes to visit, Katy is so enchanted by her beauty and kindness that on the day of Helen's departure she resolves to model herself on Helen ever afterward. The very next day, however, Katy wakes in an ill humour, quarrels with her aunt and pushes her little sister so hard\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7578094\",\n \"text\": \"Cousin Helen: Papa's niece; she cannot walk because of an accident years ago. Despite her suffering she is amusing, cheerful, and kind; just what Katy wants to be. After Katy's accident, Cousin Helen helps her adjust to her illness. Susan Coolidge shared her publisher, Roberts Brothers, with Louisa May Alcott, and \\\"What Katy Did\\\" helped satisfy the demand for naturalistic novels about girlhood that followed the 1868 success of \\\"Little Women\\\". Like Alcott, Coolidge heightened the realism of her novel by drawing on her own childhood memories. \\\"What Katy Did\\\" also illustrates social shifts. First the novel depicts the treatment\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20000261\",\n \"text\": \"she tells of hiding away in the attic and playing alone with her dolls at the age of fourteen when a potential suitor came to see her. Carter had a younger sister, who died of a spinal disease at ten. Carter later wrote in \\\"The Elevator\\\" of how bad she had felt because she had hit her sister three weeks before she died, using the incident to advise her younger readers to refrain from anger. \\\"In my childhood an old man told me if I would observe three things I would enjoy good health. I will say they proved useful\",\n \"title\": \"Jennie Carter\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579047\",\n \"text\": \"Mrs. Ashe's brother, Ned, they fell in love. When Katy got home, she received a letter from Ned and blushed and ran to her room, leaving Clover and the reader thinking that Katy and Ned may get married in the future. What Katy Did Next What Katy Did Next (1886) is a children's book by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey, working under the pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the stories \\\"What Katy Did\\\" (1872) and \\\"What Katy Did At School\\\" (1873) and tells the adventures of Katy Carr as she travels to Europe. The book opens by reintroducing the Carr family\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did Next\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579043\",\n \"text\": \"What Katy Did Next What Katy Did Next (1886) is a children's book by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey, working under the pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the stories \\\"What Katy Did\\\" (1872) and \\\"What Katy Did At School\\\" (1873) and tells the adventures of Katy Carr as she travels to Europe. The book opens by reintroducing the Carr family and introducing the widow Mrs. Ashe. Mrs. Ashe has her nephew, Walter, over for a visit and it is discovered that he has scarlet fever. Anxious that her only daughter Amy should not contract the disease, Amy is sent to live\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did Next\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20375839\",\n \"text\": \"and/or estate manager of numerous non-nobility trusts, including that of his brother Henry A. P. Carter, and as a trustee of Central Union Church. Samuel C. Allen, Kauai businessman, developer and financial backer of Port Allen, Hawaii, left an estate in excess of $2,000,000 in 1903, naming Carter as one of his executors. Mary Carter died December 15, 1908 after an extended illness. Her obituary noted her close friendship with Liliʻuokalani. Joseph O. Carter died of pulmonary edema on February 27, 1909. His sister Catherine Rebecca Carter Lewers was his only surviving sibling. The Carters were survived by their children\",\n \"title\": \"Joseph O. Carter\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5753826\",\n \"text\": \"album, \\\"Definitive Collection\\\", which reached number 1 in the UK Albums Chart in 2005. Paper Lace included this song on their 1974 album, \\\"Paper Lace\\\". I Did What I Did for Maria \\\"I Did What I Did for Maria\\\" is a song recorded by English singer Tony Christie. It was written and produced by Mitch Murray and Peter Callander, who were also responsible for Christie's \\\"Las Vegas\\\" and \\\"Avenues and Alleyways\\\". The song is about a widower who, on the eve of his execution, recalls how he remorselessly avenged his dead wife, hence the title. It was a number 2\",\n \"title\": \"I Did What I Did for Maria\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5753825\",\n \"text\": \"I Did What I Did for Maria \\\"I Did What I Did for Maria\\\" is a song recorded by English singer Tony Christie. It was written and produced by Mitch Murray and Peter Callander, who were also responsible for Christie's \\\"Las Vegas\\\" and \\\"Avenues and Alleyways\\\". The song is about a widower who, on the eve of his execution, recalls how he remorselessly avenged his dead wife, hence the title. It was a number 2 UK hit in June 1971, and was also a hit in Ireland, where it also reached number 2. The track later appeared on Christie's compilation\",\n \"title\": \"I Did What I Did for Maria\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16280702\",\n \"text\": \"Una Carter Una Isabel Carter (20 August 1890–14 October 1954) was a New Zealand cooking teacher, demonstrator and writer. She was born in Upper Tutaenui, near Marton, New Zealand on 20 August 1890. Carter was born in 1890, to Manawatu farmers William and Selina Carter (born Brown). Carter had one older sister, Lena, and two younger brothers, William and Shirer. Shirer enlisted in World War I and died in 1918. Selina Carter was known in the community as an excellent cook and spent a significant amount of time teaching her daughters to cook. In 1913, Carter opened her own cookery\",\n \"title\": \"Una Carter\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8334566\",\n \"text\": \"What Did He Say? What Did He Say? is the second solo album released by bassist Victor Wooten. 1. \\\"Yo Victa\\\" – 0:07 2. \\\"What Did He Say?\\\" – 3:20 3. \\\"What You Won't Do for Love\\\" – 4:43 4. \\\"Cherokee\\\" – 1:49 5. \\\"Don't Wanna Cry\\\" – 5:07 6. \\\"The Lonliest Monk\\\" – 4:36 7. \\\"A Chance\\\" – 2:54 8. \\\"Radio W-OO-10\\\" – 1:06 9. \\\"Norwegian Wood\\\" – 4:52 10. \\\"Bro John\\\" – 4:18 11. \\\"Naima\\\" – 5:57 12. \\\"Sometimes I Laugh\\\" – 3:20 13. \\\"My Life\\\" – 4:45 14. \\\"The Sojourn of Arjuna\\\" – 6:29 15. \\\"Buzz Ntro\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"What Did He Say?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3994152\",\n \"text\": \"I Were You I Wouldn't<nowiki>\\\"</nowiki> in January 2016 on their YouTube account, followed by \\\"Fireball\\\" in June 2016, their first songs released since 'Zanzibar III : Analog Prison'. The band was named after friend's child said the phrase 'Mommy, look what I did', about a drawing to her mother when Barry was talking to her over the phone discussing what the band's name should be. Look What I Did Look What I Did is an American post-hardcore band, formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. The music combines elements of jazz/fusion, hardcore, metal, and progressive pop punk. The band is\",\n \"title\": \"Look What I Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16280707\",\n \"text\": \"the Women's War Service Auxiliary arranged for Carter to give demonstrations focusing on cooking during the war-time shortages. Carter went to live in England in the early 1950s and died in London on 14 October 1954. Una Carter Una Isabel Carter (20 August 1890–14 October 1954) was a New Zealand cooking teacher, demonstrator and writer. She was born in Upper Tutaenui, near Marton, New Zealand on 20 August 1890. Carter was born in 1890, to Manawatu farmers William and Selina Carter (born Brown). Carter had one older sister, Lena, and two younger brothers, William and Shirer. Shirer enlisted in World\",\n \"title\": \"Una Carter\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8334567\",\n \"text\": \"– 0:31 16. \\\"A Little Buzz\\\" – 2:46 17. \\\"Kids Didn't Change\\\" – 0:54 18. \\\"Heaven Is Where the Heart Is\\\" – 5:03 What Did He Say? What Did He Say? is the second solo album released by bassist Victor Wooten. 1. \\\"Yo Victa\\\" – 0:07 2. \\\"What Did He Say?\\\" – 3:20 3. \\\"What You Won't Do for Love\\\" – 4:43 4. \\\"Cherokee\\\" – 1:49 5. \\\"Don't Wanna Cry\\\" – 5:07 6. \\\"The Lonliest Monk\\\" – 4:36 7. \\\"A Chance\\\" – 2:54 8. \\\"Radio W-OO-10\\\" – 1:06 9. \\\"Norwegian Wood\\\" – 4:52 10. \\\"Bro John\\\" – 4:18 11. \\\"Naima\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"What Did He Say?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20554138\",\n \"text\": \"Sister Sister Sister Tour The Sister Sister Sister Tour is the second headlining concert tour by American band Haim, in support of their sophomore album, \\\"Something to Tell You\\\" (2017). The tour begun on April 3, 2018 in Portland, Oregon at the Arlene Schnitzer Concert Hall. They continued throughout North America and finally concluded their 37-date tour on June 21, 2018 in Oslo, Norway at the Sentrum Scene. Opening acts for the tour included rapper Lizzo, who was present for most North American dates, as well as performers Grace Carter in Europe and Maggie Rogers on both continents. This set\",\n \"title\": \"Sister Sister Sister Tour\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6836084\",\n \"text\": \"died on March 4, 2017 at the age of 64. She is survived by her mother, Dorothy \\\"Dot\\\" Carter, and sister, Jan Carter, who continues the Official Valerie Carter Fan Club as an active Facebook group. The song \\\"Valerie\\\" by Steve Winwood was reportedly about her, as was Jackson Browne's song \\\"That Girl Could Sing\\\". Valerie Carter Valerie Carter (born Valerie Gail Zakian Carter; February 5, 1953 – March 4, 2017) was an American R&B, Rock and Pop singer-songwriter. She recorded the self-titled \\\"Howdy Moon\\\" as a member of folk group Howdy Moon in 1974. She later left the group\",\n \"title\": \"Valerie Carter\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7347814\",\n \"text\": \"What Kate Did \\\"What Kate Did\\\" is the 34th episode of \\\"Lost\\\". It is the ninth episode of the second season. The episode was directed by Paul Edwards, and written by Steven Maeda and Craig Wright. It first aired on November 30, 2005, on ABC. The character of Kate Austen is featured in the episode's flashbacks. Kate Austen kills her alcoholic stepfather, Wayne Jansen, by blowing up his house. Kate confronts her mother, Diane Austen. Kate reveals that she took out an insurance policy under Diane's name. Later, Kate attempts to buy a ticket to Tallahassee, when she is arrested\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16918902\",\n \"text\": \"Festival in Turkey. The film was released on DVD in Ireland on 8 February 2013. What Richard Did What Richard Did is a 2012 Irish film directed by Lenny Abrahamson and written by Malcolm Campbell. The film is loosely based on Kevin Power's \\\"Bad Day in Blackrock\\\", a fictionalised novel inspired by the real-life death of Brian Murphy in 2000. It won the best Irish film of the year award at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards and was the most commercially successful Irish film of 2012. It has screened at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival and the\",\n \"title\": \"What Richard Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16918894\",\n \"text\": \"What Richard Did What Richard Did is a 2012 Irish film directed by Lenny Abrahamson and written by Malcolm Campbell. The film is loosely based on Kevin Power's \\\"Bad Day in Blackrock\\\", a fictionalised novel inspired by the real-life death of Brian Murphy in 2000. It won the best Irish film of the year award at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards and was the most commercially successful Irish film of 2012. It has screened at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival and the BFI London Film Festival and was selected to screen at the Tribeca Film Festival in\",\n \"title\": \"What Richard Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7578085\",\n \"text\": \"up: \\\"What Katy Did at School\\\" and \\\"What Katy Did Next\\\". Two further sequels relating the adventures of Katy's younger siblings were also published—\\\"Clover\\\" and \\\"In the High Valley\\\". The books were frequently reprinted and all are available online. Coolidge modeled Katy on her own childhood self, and the other 'Little Carrs' on her brothers and sisters. The title is a play on the katydid, a family of insects – which explains the insects on the first edition book cover. 12-year-old Katy Carr lives with her widowed father and her two brothers and three sisters in Burnet, a small midwestern\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7578084\",\n \"text\": \"What Katy Did What Katy Did is an 1872 children's book written by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey under her pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the adventures of a twelve-year-old American girl, Katy Carr, and her family who live in the fictional lakeside Ohio town of Burnet in the 1860s. Katy is a tall untidy tomboy, forever getting into scrapes but wishing to be beautiful and beloved. When a terrible accident makes her an invalid, her illness and four-year recovery gradually teach her to be as good and kind as she has always wanted. Two sequels follow Katy as she grows\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4891023\",\n \"text\": \"Spann, at the age of 63, died of pancreatic cancer. She was survived by her husband Walter (1925–2012), brother Jimmy Carter, and her son William Carter Spann (who himself died in 1997), along with her grandson Richard Andrew Spann, who was killed in a car accident in July 2005. With the death of Spann's grandson Drew, she has one living grandson, Michael Todd Spann, born 1993. Gloria's parents and her sister, Ruth Stapleton, and brother, Billy Carter, had also died from pancreatic cancer. Gloria's tombstone reads, \\\"She rides in Harley Heaven.\\\" Spann is buried in the Lebanon Church Cemetery near\",\n \"title\": \"Gloria Carter Spann\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11856928\",\n \"text\": \"early 20s. The story was adapted by Ellen Dryden for BBC Radio 4's Woman's Hour Drama in 2004. What Hetty Did What Hetty Did is the seventh novel by J.L. Carr, published in 1988 when he was 76 years old. The novel describes the experiences of an 18-year-old girl. Hetty Birtwisle has been brought up by adoptive parents in the Fens; after a beating by her father, discovering that she was adopted, she flees to Birmingham where she has learnt she was born and alters her surname to Beauchamp. Hetty Beauchamp comes across several characters from Carr's other novels in\",\n \"title\": \"What Hetty Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11856925\",\n \"text\": \"What Hetty Did What Hetty Did is the seventh novel by J.L. Carr, published in 1988 when he was 76 years old. The novel describes the experiences of an 18-year-old girl. Hetty Birtwisle has been brought up by adoptive parents in the Fens; after a beating by her father, discovering that she was adopted, she flees to Birmingham where she has learnt she was born and alters her surname to Beauchamp. Hetty Beauchamp comes across several characters from Carr's other novels in the boarding house in which she lives, including Emma Foxberrow, a teacher in \\\"The Harpole Report\\\" and Edward\",\n \"title\": \"What Hetty Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18787754\",\n \"text\": \"daughter. All three examples are connected by a chorus stating \\\"\\\"I'll take this one day and figure out what I did right / And I'll do it the same way for the rest of my life.\\\"\\\" Deborah Evans Price of \\\"Billboard\\\" reviewed the song favorably, saying that \\\"Like 'I Hope You Dance'…the song will touch a universal chord with everyone who has experienced a moment so perfect they wish they could capture it and live it over again.\\\" What I Did Right \\\"What I Did Right\\\" is a song recorded by American country music group Sons of the Desert. It\",\n \"title\": \"What I Did Right\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["guitar"],"string":"[\n \"guitar\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":578,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"where did bob dylan live?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"2355548","text":"had heard Dylan perform in Greenwich Village, and invited him to take part in a BBC television drama: \"Madhouse on Castle Street\". Dylan arrived in London on December 17. In the play, Dylan performed \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and two other songs. Dylan also immersed himself in the London folk scene, making contact with the Troubadour folk club organizer Anthea Joseph and folk singers Martin Carthy and Bob Davenport. \"I ran into some people in England who really knew those [traditional English] songs,\" Dylan recalled in 1984. \"Martin Carthy, another guy named [Bob] Davenport. Martin Carthy's incredible. I learned a","title":"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2355548\",\n \"text\": \"had heard Dylan perform in Greenwich Village, and invited him to take part in a BBC television drama: \\\"Madhouse on Castle Street\\\". Dylan arrived in London on December 17. In the play, Dylan performed \\\"Blowin' in the Wind\\\" and two other songs. Dylan also immersed himself in the London folk scene, making contact with the Troubadour folk club organizer Anthea Joseph and folk singers Martin Carthy and Bob Davenport. \\\"I ran into some people in England who really knew those [traditional English] songs,\\\" Dylan recalled in 1984. \\\"Martin Carthy, another guy named [Bob] Davenport. Martin Carthy's incredible. I learned a\",\n \"title\": \"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"5474796","text":"set was reissued by the Audio Fidelity label as \"Live 1964\", on two 5.1 multi-channel SACDs. All songs written by Bob Dylan, except where noted The Bootleg Series Vol. 6: Bob Dylan Live 1964, Concert at Philharmonic Hall The Bootleg Series Vol. 6: Bob Dylan Live 1964, Concert at Philharmonic Hall is the fourth installment of the Bob Dylan Bootleg Series, released in 2004 on Legacy Records. The complete recording from October 31, 1964 \"Halloween\" show at Philharmonic Hall in Manhattan by Bob Dylan, it had been widely circulated on pirate tapes for decades. The set list was dominated by","title":"The Bootleg Series Vol. 6: Bob Dylan Live 1964, Concert at Philharmonic Hall"},{"psg_id":"5468570","text":"included in audio form on the 1985 compilation \"Biograph\"). It spent nine weeks on the chart and was certified and awarded a gold record on March 12, 2003 by the RIAA. The album reached number 69 in the U.K. All songs written by Bob Dylan, except where noted. All songs recorded live in concert. The Bootleg Series Vol. 5: Bob Dylan Live 1975, The Rolling Thunder Revue The Bootleg Series Vol. 5: Bob Dylan Live 1975, The Rolling Thunder Revue is a live album by Bob Dylan released by Columbia Records in 2002. The third installment in the ongoing Bob","title":"The Bootleg Series Vol. 5: Bob Dylan Live 1975, The Rolling Thunder Revue"},{"psg_id":"11644987","text":"Festival, he would alienate his fans and go electric. Dylan was the only artist apart from the Beatles to sell out the De Montfort Hall in the 1960s. Even the Rolling Stones did not sell out this venue. Bob Dylan England Tour 1965 The Bob Dylan England Tour 1965 was a concert tour by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan during late April and early May 1965. The tour was widely documented by filmmaker D. A. Pennebaker, who used the footage of the tour in his documentary \"Dont Look Back\". As Dylan was still playing exclusively folk music live, much of the","title":"Bob Dylan England Tour 1965"},{"psg_id":"7519015","text":"as well as a cursive-\"Z\" for Dylan's nickname Zimmy in youth. In 2006 a cultural pathway, Bob Dylan Way, was inaugurated in Duluth, Minnesota, the city where Dylan was born. The 1.8 mile path links \"cultural and historically significant areas of downtown for the tourists\". In 2015, a massive Bob Dylan mural was unveiled in downtown Minneapolis, the city where Dylan attended university for a year. The mural was designed by Brazilian street artist Eduardo Kobra. Bob Dylan Bob Dylan (born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and artist who has been an influential figure","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"5468568","text":"The Bootleg Series Vol. 5: Bob Dylan Live 1975, The Rolling Thunder Revue The Bootleg Series Vol. 5: Bob Dylan Live 1975, The Rolling Thunder Revue is a live album by Bob Dylan released by Columbia Records in 2002. The third installment in the ongoing Bob Dylan Bootleg Series on Legacy Records, it documents the Rolling Thunder Revue led by Dylan prior to the release of the album \"Desire\". Until the release of this album, the only official live documentation of the Rolling Thunder Revue was \"Hard Rain\", recorded during the (less critically well received) second leg of the tour.","title":"The Bootleg Series Vol. 5: Bob Dylan Live 1975, The Rolling Thunder Revue"},{"psg_id":"15558073","text":"and March were recorded and released as the live double album, \"Bob Dylan at Budokan\". Reviews were mixed. Robert Christgau awarded the album a C+ rating, giving the album a derisory review, while Janet Maslin defended it in Rolling Stone, writing: \"These latest live versions of his old songs have the effect of liberating Bob Dylan from the originals.\" Bob Dylan World Tour 1978 The Bob Dylan World Tour 1978 was a concert tour by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. In 1978, Dylan embarked on a year-long world tour, performing 114 shows in Asia, Oceania, North America and Europe, to a","title":"Bob Dylan World Tour 1978"},{"psg_id":"6319359","text":"reissued on CD in 1991 by Columbia (Cat. No. 4624489), but is no longer in print. All songs written by Bob Dylan, except where noted. Masterpieces (Bob Dylan album) Masterpieces is a compilation album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on March 12, 1978 by CBS. The triple LP set was released in Japan, Australia and New Zealand in anticipation of his 1978 tour. Primarily a greatest hits collection spanning Dylan's career up to that point, the album features one previously unreleased track, a unique (1962) outtake version of \"Mixed-Up Confusion\". It also includes a live performance of \"Just Like","title":"Masterpieces (Bob Dylan album)"},{"psg_id":"2571278","text":"original compositions had grown considerably. \"Bob Dylan\" was re-released in 2010 as the first of a 9 cd boxset titled \"The Original Mono Recordings\", with new liner notes by Greil Marcus on a 60 pages booklet. A pirated edition was released in June 2013 as a single album by Hoodoo Records, with 12 bonus tracks (1 single and 11 live radio recordings from 1961 to 1962) and a 16-page booklet. Album Bob Dylan (album) Bob Dylan is the debut studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on March 19, 1962 by Columbia Records. Produced by Columbia's legendary talent scout","title":"Bob Dylan (album)"},{"psg_id":"7518860","text":"of Izzy Young's production for WRVR of a live twelve-hour Hootenanny on July 29, 1961: \"Among the newer promising talents deserving mention are a 20-year-old latter-day Guthrie disciple named Bob Dylan, with a curiously arresting mumbling, country-steeped manner\". This was Dylan's first radio performance. In September, Shelton boosted Dylan's career with an enthusiastic review of his performance at Gerde's Folk City. That month, Dylan played harmonica on folk singer Carolyn Hester's third album. This brought him to the attention of the album's producer, John Hammond, who signed Dylan to Columbia Records. Dylan's first Columbia album, \"Bob Dylan\", released March 19,","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"4473378","text":"Bob Dylan, except where noted. Hard Rain (Bob Dylan album) Hard Rain is a live album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on September 13, 1976 by Columbia Records. The album was recorded during the second leg of the Rolling Thunder Revue. The album was partly recorded on May 23, 1976, during a concert at Hughes Stadium in Fort Collins, Colorado; the penultimate show of the tour, the concert was also filmed and later broadcast by NBC as a one-hour television special in September. (\"Hard Rain\"'s release coincided with this broadcast). Four tracks from the album (\"I Threw It All","title":"Hard Rain (Bob Dylan album)"},{"psg_id":"5474792","text":"The Bootleg Series Vol. 6: Bob Dylan Live 1964, Concert at Philharmonic Hall The Bootleg Series Vol. 6: Bob Dylan Live 1964, Concert at Philharmonic Hall is the fourth installment of the Bob Dylan Bootleg Series, released in 2004 on Legacy Records. The complete recording from October 31, 1964 \"Halloween\" show at Philharmonic Hall in Manhattan by Bob Dylan, it had been widely circulated on pirate tapes for decades. The set list was dominated by Dylan’s protest songs, including \"The Times They Are a-Changin’,\" \"A Hard Rain’s a-Gonna Fall,\" and \"The Lonesome Death of Hattie Carroll\". Joan Baez, a major","title":"The Bootleg Series Vol. 6: Bob Dylan Live 1964, Concert at Philharmonic Hall"},{"psg_id":"15528799","text":"Songs of Bob Dylan\", as well as recording a live version for her CD and DVD \"Live in Concert\". Danielle Haim and Blake Mills covered the song on \"Chimes of Freedom: Songs of Bob Dylan Honoring 50 Years of Amnesty International\". Ulf Lundell released a version in Swedish entitled \"Hjärtat mitt\" on his 1984 album, \"Sweethearts\", and a concert version on \"Maria Kom Tillbaka: Live\". Heart of Mine (Bob Dylan song) \"Heart of Mine\" is a song by Bob Dylan that appeared on his 1981 album \"Shot of Love\". Recorded on May 15, 1981, it was released as a single,","title":"Heart of Mine (Bob Dylan song)"},{"psg_id":"5466321","text":"several more. It has been reissued a couple of times over the years such as in 2009 and again as recently as 2016 with varying track listings . All songs written by Bob Dylan except where noted. The Essential Bob Dylan The Essential Bob Dylan is a compilation by Bob Dylan, released as a double-CD set in 2000, part of Columbia Records' \"The Essential\" series. \"The Essential Bob Dylan\" spans from 1963's \"Blowin' in the Wind\" (taken from \"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan\") to 1999's \"Things Have Changed\" (Dylan's Oscar-winning song from the motion picture, \"Wonder Boys\"). \"The Essential Bob Dylan\"","title":"The Essential Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"7518916","text":"Sam Shepard, \"Brownsville Girl\", a work of genius. In 1986 and 1987, Dylan toured with Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, sharing vocals with Petty on several songs each night. Dylan also toured with the Grateful Dead in 1987, resulting in a live album \"Dylan & The Dead\". This received negative reviews: \"Allmusic\" said, \"Quite possibly the worst album by either Bob Dylan or the Grateful Dead.\" Dylan then initiated what came to be called the Never Ending Tour on June 7, 1988, performing with a back-up band featuring guitarist G. E. Smith. Dylan continued to tour with a small, evolving","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"11644985","text":"Bob Dylan England Tour 1965 The Bob Dylan England Tour 1965 was a concert tour by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan during late April and early May 1965. The tour was widely documented by filmmaker D. A. Pennebaker, who used the footage of the tour in his documentary \"Dont Look Back\". As Dylan was still playing exclusively folk music live, much of the material performed during this tour was pre-1965. Each show was divided into two halves, with seven songs performed during the first, and eight during the second. The set consisted of two songs from \"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan\", three","title":"Bob Dylan England Tour 1965"},{"psg_id":"5466141","text":"The Bootleg Series Vol. 4: Bob Dylan Live 1966, The \"Royal Albert Hall\" Concert Live 1966: The \"Royal Albert Hall\" Concert is a two-disc live album by Bob Dylan, released in 1998. It is the second installment in the ongoing Bob Dylan Bootleg Series on Legacy Records. It was recorded at the Manchester Free Trade Hall during Dylan's world tour in 1966, hence the quotation marks around the false attribution to the Royal Albert Hall. Extensively bootlegged for decades, it is an important document in the development of popular music during the 1960s. The setlist consisted of two parts, with","title":"The Bootleg Series Vol. 4: Bob Dylan Live 1966, The \"Royal Albert Hall\" Concert"},{"psg_id":"13565575","text":"the live album \"Dylan and the Dead\". The Brazilian singer Vitor Ramil has released a version named \"Joquim\" on his 1987 album \"Tango\". Joey (Bob Dylan song) \"Joey\" is a song from Bob Dylan's 1976 album \"Desire\". It was written by Dylan and Jacques Levy, who collaborated with Dylan on most of the songs on the album. In a 2009 interview with Bill Flanagan, Dylan claimed that Levy wrote all the words to this song. Like another long song on the album, \"Hurricane\", \"Joey\" is biographical. The song is about the life and death of mobster Joey Gallo, who was","title":"Joey (Bob Dylan song)"},{"psg_id":"7518985","text":"his backup singer Carolyn Dennis (often professionally known as Carol Dennis) on June 4, 1986. Desiree Gabrielle Dennis-Dylan, their daughter had been born on January 31, 1986. The couple divorced in October 1992. Their marriage and child remained a closely guarded secret until the publication of Howard Sounes' biography \"Down the Highway: The Life of Bob Dylan\", in 2001. When not touring, Dylan is believed to live primarily in Point Dume, a promontory on the coast of Malibu, California, though he also owns property around the world. Growing up in Hibbing, Minnesota, Dylan and his family were part of the","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"7518907","text":"latest live versions of his old songs have the effect of liberating Bob Dylan from the originals.\" When Dylan brought the tour to the U.S. in September 1978, the press described the look and sound as a 'Las Vegas Tour'. The 1978 tour grossed more than $20 million, and Dylan told the \"Los Angeles Times\" that he had debts because \"I had a couple of bad years. I put a lot of money into the movie, built a big house ... and it costs a lot to get divorced in California.\" In April and May 1978, Dylan took the same","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"7518906","text":"Dylan's set. In 1976, Dylan wrote and duetted on \"Sign Language\" for Eric Clapton's \"No Reason To Cry\". In 1978, Dylan embarked on a year-long world tour, performing 114 shows in Japan, the Far East, Europe and the US, to a total audience of two million. Dylan assembled an eight-piece band and three backing singers. Concerts in Tokyo in February and March were released as the live double album, \"Bob Dylan At Budokan\". Reviews were mixed. Robert Christgau awarded the album a C+ rating, giving the album a derisory review, while Janet Maslin defended it in \"Rolling Stone\", writing: \"These","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"7518951","text":"is more than a curiosity, it's an indispensable addition to the catalog.\" On November 4, 2013, Columbia Records released \"Bob Dylan: Complete Album Collection: Vol. One\", a boxed set containing all 35 of Dylan's studio albums, six albums of live recordings, and a collection, entitled \"Sidetracks\", of singles, songs from films and non-album material. The box includes new album-by-album liner notes written by Clinton Heylin with an introduction by Bill Flanagan. On the same date, Columbia released a compilation, \"The Very Best of Bob Dylan\", which is available in both single CD and double CD formats. To publicize the 35","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"3995771","text":"mostly containing exclusive non-album tracks. See discogs.com for more foreign EPs that mostly contain just album version tracks or are just domestic promotional album samplers. Bob Dylan discography American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan has released 36 studio albums, 91 singles, 26 notable extended plays, 40 music videos, 13 live albums, 14 volumes comprising \"The Bootleg Series\", 19 compilation albums, 13 box sets, 7 soundtracks as main contributor, 5 music home videos and 2 non-music home videos. Dylan has been the subject of 5 documentaries, starred in 3 theatrical films, appeared in an additional 8 films and 10 home videos, and is","title":"Bob Dylan discography"},{"psg_id":"3995769","text":"Bob Dylan discography American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan has released 36 studio albums, 91 singles, 26 notable extended plays, 40 music videos, 13 live albums, 14 volumes comprising \"The Bootleg Series\", 19 compilation albums, 13 box sets, 7 soundtracks as main contributor, 5 music home videos and 2 non-music home videos. Dylan has been the subject of 5 documentaries, starred in 3 theatrical films, appeared in an additional 8 films and 10 home videos, and is the subject of the biographical tribute film \"I'm Not There\". He has written and published lyrics, artwork and memoirs in 11 books and 2 of","title":"Bob Dylan discography"},{"psg_id":"2571273","text":"Sun sessions, the voice that leaps from Dylan's first album is its most striking feature, a determined, iconoclastic baying that chews up influences, and spits out the odd mixed signal without half trying.\" At the time of its release, however, \"Bob Dylan\" received little notice, and both Hammond and Dylan were soon dismissive of the first album's results. The album also did not initially sell well and Dylan was for a time known as \"Hammond's Folly\" in record company circles. Mitch Miller, Columbia's chief of A&R at the time, said U.S. sales totaled about 2,500 copies. \"Bob Dylan\" remains Dylan's","title":"Bob Dylan (album)"},{"psg_id":"5265461","text":"Bob Dylan at Budokan Bob Dylan at Budokan is a live album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released April 1979 on Columbia Records. It was recorded during his 1978 world tour and is composed mostly of the artist's \"greatest hits\". The performances in the album are radically altered from the originals, using the same musicians that backed \"Street-Legal\", but relying on a much larger band and stronger use of brass and backup singers. In some respects the arrangements are more conventional than the original arrangements, for which the album was criticized. For a few critics, such as Janet Maslin of","title":"Bob Dylan at Budokan"},{"psg_id":"2355539","text":"\"Baby, Please Don't Go\", and Robert Johnson's \"Milk Cow's Calf's Blues\". Because Dylan's songwriting talent was developing so rapidly, nothing from the April sessions appeared on \"Freewheelin\"'. The recording sessions at Studio A resumed on July 9, when Dylan recorded \"Blowin' in the Wind\", a song that he had first performed live at Gerde's Folk City on April 16. Dylan also recorded \"Bob Dylan's Blues\", \"Down the Highway\", and \"Honey, Just Allow Me One More Chance\", all of which ended up on \"Freewheelin\"', plus one other original composition, \"Baby, I'm in the Mood for You\", which did not. At this","title":"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"7518918","text":"introduction declaring, \"Bob freed your mind the way Elvis freed your body. He showed us that just because music was innately physical did not mean that it was anti-intellectual.\" The album \"Down in the Groove\" in May 1988 sold even more unsuccessfully than his previous studio album. Michael Gray wrote: \"The very title undercuts any idea that inspired work may lie within. Here was a further devaluing of the notion of a new Bob Dylan album as something significant.\" The critical and commercial disappointment of that album was swiftly followed by the success of the Traveling Wilburys. Dylan co-founded the","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"11635402","text":"Tapes\". Dylan returned to the studio to record 1967's \"John Wesley Harding\", and 1969's \"Nashville Skyline\". In 1969 he began making occasional one-off appearances, usually at festivals or large charity concerts, including his highly anticipated performance at the 1969 Isle of Wight Festival, and George Harrison's 1971 Concert For Bangladesh. However, Dylan did not undertake another full-scale concert tour until the \"Before The Flood\" tour that reunited him with The Band in January 1974. Bob Dylan World Tour 1966 The Bob Dylan World Tour 1966 was a concert tour undertaken by American musician Bob Dylan, from February to May 1966.","title":"Bob Dylan World Tour 1966"},{"psg_id":"11729656","text":"noose had suddenly tightened around its neck,\" adding that The Band's sympathetic \"shaping of the song ... is so perfectly attuned to the bottomed-out quality of Dylan's mood that Robertson's guitar sounds like it's scratching the itch in Dylan's throat.\" Going, Going, Gone (Bob Dylan song) \"Going, Going, Gone\" is a song by Bob Dylan. It was released in 1974 on the album \"Planet Waves\", and also appeared on the 1979 live album \"Bob Dylan at Budokan\". The song is in the key of F major. Dylan is accompanied by The Band. Critics have admired the interplay in the song","title":"Going, Going, Gone (Bob Dylan song)"},{"psg_id":"11729655","text":"Going, Going, Gone (Bob Dylan song) \"Going, Going, Gone\" is a song by Bob Dylan. It was released in 1974 on the album \"Planet Waves\", and also appeared on the 1979 live album \"Bob Dylan at Budokan\". The song is in the key of F major. Dylan is accompanied by The Band. Critics have admired the interplay in the song between Dylan's desperate vocal and guitarist Robbie Robertson's lead guitar. Rock critic Tim Riley wrote that \"The Band's windup pitch to \"Going, Going, Gone\" is a wonder of pinpoint ensemble playing: Robertson makes his guitar entrance choke as if a","title":"Going, Going, Gone (Bob Dylan song)"},{"psg_id":"11635377","text":"Bob Dylan World Tour 1966 The Bob Dylan World Tour 1966 was a concert tour undertaken by American musician Bob Dylan, from February to May 1966. Dylan's 1966 World Tour was notable as the first tour--actually a continuation of his late 1965 U.S. tour--where Dylan employed an electric band backing him, following his \"going electric\" at the 1965 Newport Folk Festival. The musicians Dylan employed as his backing band were known as The Hawks; they subsequently became famous as The Band. The 1966 tour was filmed by director D. A. Pennebaker. Pennebaker's footage was edited by Dylan and Howard Alk","title":"Bob Dylan World Tour 1966"},{"psg_id":"20794874","text":"you,\" and has been a noted reference to Hotel Chelsea, where Dylan had resided in the 1960s. \"Sara\" has been called one of Dylan's best love songs. \"The Irish Times\" stated the song was \"as beautiful an expression of the preciousness and frailty of human love as has ever been put on a record.\" \"Rolling Stone\" called the song perhaps his most personal song in his career. \"Sara\" was also featured at No. 48 on \"Rolling Stone\"'s list of 100 Greatest Bob Dylan Songs. A live version of the song was featured on \"\". \"Sara\" was recorded on July 31,","title":"Sara (Bob Dylan song)"},{"psg_id":"7518926","text":"Honor in the East Room of the White House, paying this tribute: \"He probably had more impact on people of my generation than any other creative artist. His voice and lyrics haven't always been easy on the ear, but throughout his career Bob Dylan has never aimed to please. He's disturbed the peace and discomforted the powerful.\" In 1999, Dylan embarked on a North American tour with Paul Simon, where each alternated as headline act with a \"middle\" section where they performed together, starting on the first of June and ending September 18. The collaboration was generally well received. Dylan","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"7519014","text":"In 2017, the George Kaiser Family Foundation announced a design competition for a major Bob Dylan Center in Tulsa's Arts District. In 2018, the foundation announced that it had selected Olson Kundig Architects to design the building. The center is expected to open in 2021, and be located next to the facility dedicated to Guthrie. In 2005, 7th Avenue East in Hibbing, Minnesota, the street on which Dylan lived from ages 6 to 18, received the honorary name Bob Dylan Drive. In the town Hibbing, a walk of fame-styled \"star\" is embedded in a sidewalk with the words \"Bob Dylan\"","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"17778317","text":"Bob Dylan: The Complete Album Collection Vol. One The Complete Album Collection Vol. One is a forty-seven disc box set released on November 4, 2013 by Bob Dylan. It includes thirty-five albums released between 1962 and 2012, six live albums, and a compilation album unique to the set, \"\", which contains previously released material unavailable on regular studio albums. This box set makes the compilations \"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits\", \"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits Vol. II\", \"Biograph\", \"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits Volume 3\" and \"The Essential Bob Dylan\" obsolete. This release is the first time that the 1973 album \"Dylan\" has","title":"Bob Dylan: The Complete Album Collection Vol. One"},{"psg_id":"17008060","text":"Bob Dylan and the Grateful Dead 1987 Tour The Bob Dylan and the Grateful Dead 1987 Tour was a concert tour by Bob Dylan and the Grateful Dead taking place in the summer of 1987 and consisting of six concerts. Each concert began with one or two lengthy sets by the Grateful Dead of their own material (sometime broken into a first and second set, per the Dead's usual practice), followed by a roughly 90 minute set of the Dead acting as Dylan's backup band. \"Dylan & the Dead\" is a live album released by Bob Dylan and the Grateful","title":"Bob Dylan and the Grateful Dead 1987 Tour"},{"psg_id":"7518946","text":"Ralph J. Gleason, and the recording carries liner notes by Michael Gray, who says it captures Dylan \"from way back when Kennedy was President and the Beatles hadn't yet reached America. It reveals him not at any Big Moment but giving a performance like his folk club sets of the period... This is the last live performance we have of Bob Dylan before he becomes a star.\" The extent to which his work was studied at an academic level was demonstrated on Dylan's 70th birthday on May 24, 2011, when three universities organized symposia on his work. The University of","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"8333645","text":"Love Sick (Bob Dylan song) \"Love Sick\" is a song by Bob Dylan, recorded in January 1997 and released as the opening track on his 30th studio album \"Time Out of Mind\" in September of that year. It was released as the second single from the album in June 1998, in various CD formats some of which featured a February 25, 1998, live version of the song, from Dylan's performance at the 1998 Grammy Awards. The song was produced by Daniel Lanois. According to Dylan's website, the song has been performed live over 800 times. During Dylan's performance of the","title":"Love Sick (Bob Dylan song)"},{"psg_id":"2571259","text":"Bob Dylan (album) Bob Dylan is the debut studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on March 19, 1962 by Columbia Records. Produced by Columbia's legendary talent scout John H. Hammond, who signed Dylan to the label, the album features folk standards, plus two original compositions, \"Talkin' New York\" and \"Song to Woody\". Dylan met John Hammond at a rehearsal session for Carolyn Hester on September 14, 1961, at the apartment shared by Hester and her then-husband, Richard Fariña. Hester had invited Dylan to the session as a harmonica player, and Hammond approved him as a session player after","title":"Bob Dylan (album)"},{"psg_id":"17424313","text":"Slow Train (Bob Dylan song) \"Slow Train\" is a song written by Bob Dylan that first appeared on his 1979 album \"Slow Train Coming\". In the United States, it was released as the follow up single to \"Gotta Serve Somebody.\" It was also released as the lead song from Dylan's 1989 live album with the Grateful Dead, \"Dylan & the Dead\". Music critic Paul Williams has called it \"the one track [on \"Slow Train Coming\"] that must be listened to again and again and again, inexhaustible, essential.\" \"Rolling Stone\" editor Jann Wenner has called it \"nothing less than Dylan's most","title":"Slow Train (Bob Dylan song)"},{"psg_id":"15369662","text":"celebrating the release of Todd Haynes's film \"I'm Not There\". Thomas Ward notes that Dylan himself has never played the song live. Santa-Fe (Bob Dylan song) \"Santa-Fe\" (sometimes spelled \"Santa Fe\" or \"Santa Fé\") is a song that was recorded by Bob Dylan and the Band in the summer or fall of 1967 in the Woodstock area of New York State. It was recorded during the sessions that would in 1975 be released on \"The Basement Tapes\" but was not included on that album. These sessions took place in three phases throughout the year, at a trio of houses, and","title":"Santa-Fe (Bob Dylan song)"},{"psg_id":"12762625","text":"Forever Young (Bob Dylan song) \"Forever Young\" is a song by Bob Dylan, recorded in California in November 1973. The song first appeared (in two different versions, one slow and one fast) on Dylan's fourteenth studio album \"Planet Waves\" (1974). A demo version of the song, recorded in New York City in June 1973, was included on Dylan's 1985 compilation \"Biograph\". In the notes included with that album, Dylan is quoted as saying that he wrote \"Forever Young\" in Tucson, Arizona, \"thinking about\" one of his sons and \"not wanting to be too sentimental.\" A live version of the song,","title":"Forever Young (Bob Dylan song)"},{"psg_id":"5466320","text":"The Essential Bob Dylan The Essential Bob Dylan is a compilation by Bob Dylan, released as a double-CD set in 2000, part of Columbia Records' \"The Essential\" series. \"The Essential Bob Dylan\" spans from 1963's \"Blowin' in the Wind\" (taken from \"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan\") to 1999's \"Things Have Changed\" (Dylan's Oscar-winning song from the motion picture, \"Wonder Boys\"). \"The Essential Bob Dylan\" has proven to be a solid seller in Dylan's catalog, reaching #67 in the US, and peaking at #9 in the UK. The British and Australian releases include all of the tracks from the US edition plus","title":"The Essential Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"2355578","text":"that have never been released have been documented by biographer Clinton Heylin, except where noted. All songs written by Bob Dylan, except where noted. Dylan promoted his upcoming album with radio appearances and concert performances. In May 1963, Dylan performed with Joan Baez at the Monterey Folk Festival, where she joined him on stage for a duet of a new Dylan song, \"With God on Our Side\". Baez was at the pinnacle of her fame, having appeared on the cover of \"Time\" magazine the previous November. The performance not only gave Dylan and his songs a new prominence, it also","title":"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"7518945","text":"time presented Dylan's eight earliest albums, from \"Bob Dylan\" (1962) to \"John Wesley Harding\" (1967), in their original mono mix in the CD format. The CDs were housed in miniature facsimiles of the original album covers, replete with original liner notes. The set was accompanied by a booklet featuring an essay by music critic Greil Marcus. On April 12, 2011, Legacy Recordings released \"Bob Dylan in Concert – Brandeis University 1963\", taped at Brandeis University on May 10, 1963, two weeks prior to the release of \"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan\". The tape was discovered in the archive of music writer","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"6319358","text":"Masterpieces (Bob Dylan album) Masterpieces is a compilation album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on March 12, 1978 by CBS. The triple LP set was released in Japan, Australia and New Zealand in anticipation of his 1978 tour. Primarily a greatest hits collection spanning Dylan's career up to that point, the album features one previously unreleased track, a unique (1962) outtake version of \"Mixed-Up Confusion\". It also includes a live performance of \"Just Like Tom Thumb's Blues\" from Dylan's 1966 World Tour, which was first released as the B-side of his \"I Want You\" single in 1966. \"Masterpieces\" was","title":"Masterpieces (Bob Dylan album)"},{"psg_id":"17778319","text":"there are still several released songs missing from this collection: Bob Dylan: The Complete Album Collection Vol. One The Complete Album Collection Vol. One is a forty-seven disc box set released on November 4, 2013 by Bob Dylan. It includes thirty-five albums released between 1962 and 2012, six live albums, and a compilation album unique to the set, \"\", which contains previously released material unavailable on regular studio albums. This box set makes the compilations \"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits\", \"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits Vol. II\", \"Biograph\", \"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits Volume 3\" and \"The Essential Bob Dylan\" obsolete. This release","title":"Bob Dylan: The Complete Album Collection Vol. One"},{"psg_id":"9405257","text":"also appearing on the 6-disc and 2-disc versions of that album. Dylan performed \"I Want You\" as a slow ballad during his 1978 world tour, as heard on \"Bob Dylan at Budokan\", released in 1979. Dylan also revisited the song in 1987 on a co-tour with the Grateful Dead; their version was released in 1989 on the \"Dylan and the Dead\" album. The single's B-side was a live version of \"Just Like Tom Thumb's Blues\" recorded in Liverpool, England at the Odeon Theatre on May 14, 1966. (This was the first released recording of Dylan live with the Hawks, later","title":"I Want You (Bob Dylan song)"},{"psg_id":"2355594","text":"and \"Talkin' John Birch Blues\". Copies of the \"original\" version of \"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan\" (in both mono and stereo) are extremely rare. The original track listing was as follows: The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on May 27, 1963 by Columbia Records. Whereas his self-titled debut album \"Bob Dylan\" had contained only two original songs, \"Freewheelin\" represented the beginning of Dylan's writing contemporary words to traditional melodies. Eleven of the thirteen songs on the album are Dylan's original compositions. The album opens with \"Blowin' in the","title":"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"19978808","text":"Triplicate (Bob Dylan album) Triplicate is the 38th studio album by Bob Dylan, released by Columbia Records on March 31, 2017. Like Dylan's previous two studio albums, \"Triplicate\" features covers of classic American songs recorded live with his touring band and without the use of overdubs. The album is Dylan's first three-disc album, featuring thirty songs across its three discs, each individually titled and presented in a thematically-arranged 10-song sequence. Three songs from the album—\"I Could Have Told You\", \"My One and Only Love\", and \"Stardust\"—were released as digital singles, with only the first being made available in promotional CD","title":"Triplicate (Bob Dylan album)"},{"psg_id":"7152726","text":"Song for Bob Dylan \"Song for Bob Dylan\" is a song written by David Bowie for his 1971 album \"Hunky Dory\". The song parodies Bob Dylan's 1962 homage to Woody Guthrie, \"Song to Woody\". Yet while Dylan opens with \"Hey, hey, Woody Guthrie, I wrote you a song,\" Bowie addresses Dylan by his birth name saying, \"Now, hear this, Robert Zimmerman, I wrote a song for you.\" In the song, Bowie also describes Bob Dylan's voice \"like sand and glue\" which is similar to how Joyce Carol Oates described it upon first hearing Dylan: \"When we first heard this raw,","title":"Song for Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"11200388","text":"Portraits of Bob Dylan Portraits of Bob Dylan is the title of Yes guitarist Steve Howe's ninth solo album, released in 1999. The album features his son Dylan Howe on drums and several other guest artists, including (former) Yes band members Jon Anderson and Geoff Downes, performing cover versions of Bob Dylan songs. Keith West, lead singer of the 1960s band Tomorrow (in which Howe was the guitarist), sings lead on \"Lay Lady Lay\". AllMusic reviewer Stewart Mason gave the album 2 stars out of 5, stating \"\"Portraits of Bob Dylan\" is pleasant enough, and it's a nice gesture toward","title":"Portraits of Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"15528794","text":"Heart of Mine (Bob Dylan song) \"Heart of Mine\" is a song by Bob Dylan that appeared on his 1981 album \"Shot of Love\". Recorded on May 15, 1981, it was released as a single, and reached No. 8 in Norway. A live version of the composition was released on \"Biograph\" in 1985. Artists who have covered the song include Norah Jones, Mountain, Steve Gibbons, Blake Mills, Maria Muldaur, and Ulf Lundell. The music of \"Heart of Mine\" has been described as having a \"loose, garagey\" feel encompassing a \"vaguely Latin/Caribbean vibe\", and featuring \"loosey-goosey piano\" by Dylan. Dylan's piano","title":"Heart of Mine (Bob Dylan song)"},{"psg_id":"12850195","text":"language and arranging it the way I did, with a galloping northeastern rhythm, it would be interesting, and I think it was! This arrangement is also inspired by the recording of this song that George Harrison did in his album\" All Things Must Pass\".\"\" \"Literal translations of Portuguese song titles in parenthesis.\" Zé Ramalho Canta Bob Dylan – Tá Tudo Mudando Zé Ramalho Canta Bob Dylan – Tá Tudo Mudando is the second tribute album by Brazilian singer-songwriter Zé Ramalho, released in 2008. This time, he pays an homage to Bob Dylan, whose \"Knockin' on Heaven's Door\" had already been","title":"Zé Ramalho Canta Bob Dylan – Tá Tudo Mudando"},{"psg_id":"2571270","text":"of Constant Sorrow\" during his first national television appearance in mid-1963 (a performance included on the 2005 retrospective \"\"). \"Baby Let Me Follow You Down\" would later return in a driving electric arrangement during his 1965 and 1966 tours with the Hawks; a live recording was included on \"\". After 1966, Dylan performed only five songs from his debut album in concert, and only \"Song to Woody\" and \"Pretty Peggy-O\" would be heard with any frequency. Three additional songs recorded during the \"Bob Dylan\" sessions were included on \"Volume 1\" of the Bootleg Series: \"House Carpenter\", \"He Was a Friend","title":"Bob Dylan (album)"},{"psg_id":"3845371","text":"of the performance, Letterman walked onstage and congratulated Dylan, asking him if he could come back and play every Thursday. Dylan smiled and jokingly agreed. All songs written by Bob Dylan. Infidels (Bob Dylan album) Infidels is the 22nd studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on October 27, 1983 by Columbia Records. Produced by Mark Knopfler and Dylan himself, \"Infidels\" is seen as his return to secular music, following a conversion to Christianity, three evangelical, gospel records and a subsequent return to a less religious lifestyle. Though he has never entirely abandoned religious imagery, \"Infidels\" gained much attention","title":"Infidels (Bob Dylan album)"},{"psg_id":"7518955","text":"publisher. On November 4, 2014, Columbia Records/Legacy Recordings released \"\" by Bob Dylan and the Band. These 138 tracks in a six-CD box form Volume 11 of Dylan's \"Bootleg Series\". The 1975 album, \"The Basement Tapes\", contained some of the songs which Dylan and the Band recorded in their homes in Woodstock, New York, in 1967. Subsequently, over 100 recordings and alternate takes have circulated on bootleg records. The sleeve notes for the new box set are by Sid Griffin, American musician and author of \"Million Dollar Bash: Bob Dylan, the Band, and the Basement Tapes\". On February 3, 2015,","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"7518944","text":"October 18, 2010, Dylan released Volume 9 of his Bootleg Series, . This comprised 47 demo recordings of songs taped between 1962 and 1964 for Dylan's earliest music publishers: Leeds Music in 1962, and Witmark Music from 1962 to 1964. One reviewer described the set as \"a hearty glimpse of young Bob Dylan changing the music business, and the world, one note at a time.\" The critical aggregator website Metacritic awarded the album a Metascore of 86, indicating \"universal acclaim\". In the same week, Sony Legacy released \"Bob Dylan: The Original Mono Recordings\", a box set that for the first","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"7518939","text":"of alternative takes and unreleased material suggested to one reviewer that this volume of old outtakes \"feels like a new Bob Dylan record, not only for the astonishing freshness of the material, but also for the incredible sound quality and organic feeling of everything here.\" Bob Dylan released his album \"Together Through Life\" on April 28, 2009. In a conversation with music journalist Bill Flanagan, published on Dylan's website, Dylan explained that the genesis of the record was when French film director Olivier Dahan asked him to supply a song for his new road movie, \"My Own Love Song\"; initially","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"7518893","text":"by Jimi Hendrix, whose version Dylan acknowledged as definitive. Woody Guthrie died on October 3, 1967, and Dylan made his first live appearance in twenty months at a Guthrie memorial concert held at Carnegie Hall on January 20, 1968, where he was backed by the Band. Dylan's next release, \"Nashville Skyline\" (1969), was mainstream country featuring Nashville musicians, a mellow-voiced Dylan, a duet with Johnny Cash, and the hit single \"Lay Lady Lay\". \"Variety\" wrote, \"Dylan is definitely doing something that can be called singing. Somehow he has managed to add an octave to his range.\" During one recording session,","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"8333647","text":"one Disc two CD1 (COL 665997 2): CD2 (COL 665997 5): 2-track CD (COL 665997 1): Victoria's Secret Exclusive EP: Love Sick (Bob Dylan song) \"Love Sick\" is a song by Bob Dylan, recorded in January 1997 and released as the opening track on his 30th studio album \"Time Out of Mind\" in September of that year. It was released as the second single from the album in June 1998, in various CD formats some of which featured a February 25, 1998, live version of the song, from Dylan's performance at the 1998 Grammy Awards. The song was produced by","title":"Love Sick (Bob Dylan song)"},{"psg_id":"4473375","text":"Hard Rain (Bob Dylan album) Hard Rain is a live album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on September 13, 1976 by Columbia Records. The album was recorded during the second leg of the Rolling Thunder Revue. The album was partly recorded on May 23, 1976, during a concert at Hughes Stadium in Fort Collins, Colorado; the penultimate show of the tour, the concert was also filmed and later broadcast by NBC as a one-hour television special in September. (\"Hard Rain\"'s release coincided with this broadcast). Four tracks from the album (\"I Threw It All Away,\" \"Stuck inside of Mobile","title":"Hard Rain (Bob Dylan album)"},{"psg_id":"10965118","text":"20, 2007, Dylan played this song live in concert for the first time during a show in Nashville. He was joined onstage for the performance by Jack White of The White Stripes. In February 2017, a segment on \"Full Frontal with Samantha Bee\" that celebrated Black History Month strongly implied that the \"\"woman in Jackson\"\" mentioned in the song was civil rights activist Dorie Ladner, sister of fellow activist \"Joyce Ladner\". Queens of the Stone Age recorded a cover version for the song, which was included on the Bob Dylan tribute compilation album \"Chimes Of Freedom: The Songs Of Bob","title":"Outlaw Blues (Bob Dylan song)"},{"psg_id":"2355530","text":"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on May 27, 1963 by Columbia Records. Whereas his self-titled debut album \"Bob Dylan\" had contained only two original songs, \"Freewheelin\" represented the beginning of Dylan's writing contemporary words to traditional melodies. Eleven of the thirteen songs on the album are Dylan's original compositions. The album opens with \"Blowin' in the Wind\", which became an anthem of the 1960s, and an international hit for folk trio Peter, Paul & Mary soon after the release of \"Freewheelin\". The album featured several other","title":"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"7152729","text":"tipsy arabesques over broken chord pulses on two acoustic guitars.\" The simple, descending bass line that accompanies the folk-chord progression invokes Dylan circa 1965. Bowie also imitates Dylan's adenoidal voice throughout the song and the lyrics reflect Dylan's style of starkly contrasting narrow range-verse and swelling chorus. Song for Bob Dylan \"Song for Bob Dylan\" is a song written by David Bowie for his 1971 album \"Hunky Dory\". The song parodies Bob Dylan's 1962 homage to Woody Guthrie, \"Song to Woody\". Yet while Dylan opens with \"Hey, hey, Woody Guthrie, I wrote you a song,\" Bowie addresses Dylan by his","title":"Song for Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"20794872","text":"Sara (Bob Dylan song) \"Sara\" is a song from Bob Dylan's 1976 album \"Desire\". It is the closing song on the album. Unlike many of the songs on the album, which were written by Dylan and Jacques Levy, \"Sara\" was written solely by Dylan, as an autobiographical account of his estrangement from then-wife Sara Dylan. It was recorded on July 31, 1975. The song is named after Dylan's wife at the time, and the song alludes to their earlier relationship, including the couple's children together. In his book \"Down The Highway: The Life of Bob Dylan\", Howard Sounes quoted Jacques","title":"Sara (Bob Dylan song)"},{"psg_id":"17542800","text":"Bob Dylan Gospel Tour The Bob Dylan Gospel Tour was a concert tour by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan that consisted of 79 concerts in North America in three legs, lasting from November 1, 1979 to May 21, 1980. In February 1978, Dylan initiated a ten-month World Tour that consisted of 114 concerts in ten countries. On June 15, Dylan released the album \"Street-Legal\", which received poor reviews from most American critics. Performances on his world tour also received negative reviews. The physical demands of touring were also taking a toll on the artist. During a concert on November 17 in","title":"Bob Dylan Gospel Tour"},{"psg_id":"11200389","text":"an obvious hero of Howe's, but it's not even close to essential for either Dylan or Howe fans\". Portraits of Bob Dylan Portraits of Bob Dylan is the title of Yes guitarist Steve Howe's ninth solo album, released in 1999. The album features his son Dylan Howe on drums and several other guest artists, including (former) Yes band members Jon Anderson and Geoff Downes, performing cover versions of Bob Dylan songs. Keith West, lead singer of the 1960s band Tomorrow (in which Howe was the guitarist), sings lead on \"Lay Lady Lay\". AllMusic reviewer Stewart Mason gave the album 2","title":"Portraits of Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"2571274","text":"only release not to chart whatsoever in the U.S., although it eventually reached in the UK charts in 1965. Despite the album's poor sales, it was not a financial disaster because it was very cheap to record. On December 22, 1961, a month to the day after \"Bob Dylan\"'s final session, Dylan was in Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he and his friend Tony Glover paid a visit to their friend Bonnie Beecher. Dylan held an informal session at her apartment, performing 26 songs which were recorded by Glover on a reel-to-reel tape recorder. Often known by a misnomer, the \"Minneapolis Hotel","title":"Bob Dylan (album)"},{"psg_id":"2571272","text":"version of \"House of the Rising Sun\", heavily overdubbed with electric instruments in 1964 (produced by Tom Wilson), was later included on the \"Highway 61 Interactive\" CD-ROM. \"Bob Dylan\" did not receive acclaim until years later. \"These debut songs are essayed with differing degrees of conviction,\" writes music critic Tim Riley in 1999, \"[but] even when his reach exceeds his grasp, he never sounds like he knows he's in over his head, or gushily patronizing … Like Elvis Presley, what Dylan can sing, he quickly masters; what he can't, he twists to his own devices. And as with the Presley","title":"Bob Dylan (album)"},{"psg_id":"7518984","text":"they had three more children: Anna Lea (born July 11, 1967), Samuel Isaac Abram (born July 30, 1968), and Jakob Luke (born December 9, 1969). Dylan also adopted Sara's daughter from a prior marriage, Maria Lownds (later Dylan, born October 21, 1961). Sara Dylan played the role of Clara in Dylan's film \"Renaldo and Clara\" (1978). Bob and Sara Dylan were divorced on June 29, 1977. Maria married musician Peter Himmelman in 1988. In the 1990s, Jakob became well known as the lead singer of the band the Wallflowers; Jesse is a film director and a successful businessman. Dylan married","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"7518885","text":"event, Dylan denied he was married. Journalist Nora Ephron made the news public in the \"New York Post\" in February 1966 with the headline \"Hush! Bob Dylan is wed.\" Dylan toured Australia and Europe in April and May 1966. Each show was split in two. Dylan performed solo during the first half, accompanying himself on acoustic guitar and harmonica. In the second, backed by , he played electrically amplified music. This contrast provoked many fans, who jeered and slow handclapped. The tour culminated in a raucous confrontation between Dylan and his audience at the Manchester Free Trade Hall in England","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"7518862","text":"record label. Dylan used the pseudonym Bob Landy to record as a piano player on \"The Blues Project\", a 1964 anthology album by Elektra Records. As Tedham Porterhouse, Dylan played harmonica on Ramblin' Jack Elliott's 1964 album \"Jack Elliott\". Dylan made two important career moves in August 1962: he legally changed his name to Robert Dylan, and he signed a management contract with Albert Grossman. (In June 1961, Dylan had signed an agreement with Roy Silver. In 1962, Grossman paid Silver $10,000 to become sole manager.) Grossman remained Dylan's manager until 1970, and was notable for his sometimes confrontational personality","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"19365807","text":"The Bob Dylan Archive The Bob Dylan Archive is a collection of documents and objects relating to American singer Bob Dylan. It was announced on March 2, 2016 that the archive had been acquired by the George Kaiser Family Foundation (GKFF) and the University of Tulsa (TU). It will be under the care of the University's Helmerich Center for American Research. The archive consists of more than 6,000 items, including notebooks, contracts, unreleased concert films and the leather jacket Dylan wore at the 1965 Newport Folk Festival. Most of the material has never before been seen by members of the","title":"The Bob Dylan Archive"},{"psg_id":"15023973","text":"commented, \"Paul Williams historicizes Dylan's genius of American tongue.\" Bob Dylan, Performing Artist Bob Dylan, Performing Artist is a series of three books written by music critic Paul Williams concerning the music of American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. Unlike many other books about Dylan, these are not biographical but focus primarily on the performances delivered at various concerts over a period of almost forty years. The performances Williams analyzes were either personally attended or reviewed from audio-tapes (and sometimes from videotapes). In an interview published in \"Isis\" magazine's August 1990 issue, Williams told interviewer Derek Barker, \"I didn't want to write","title":"Bob Dylan, Performing Artist"},{"psg_id":"15023970","text":"Bob Dylan, Performing Artist Bob Dylan, Performing Artist is a series of three books written by music critic Paul Williams concerning the music of American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. Unlike many other books about Dylan, these are not biographical but focus primarily on the performances delivered at various concerts over a period of almost forty years. The performances Williams analyzes were either personally attended or reviewed from audio-tapes (and sometimes from videotapes). In an interview published in \"Isis\" magazine's August 1990 issue, Williams told interviewer Derek Barker, \"I didn't want to write about the person, I wanted to write about what","title":"Bob Dylan, Performing Artist"},{"psg_id":"14662533","text":"Bob Dylan bootleg recordings Bob Dylan bootleg recordings are unreleased performances by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, that have been circulated throughout the public without undergoing an official, sanctioned release. It is commonly misconceived that bootlegs are only restricted to audio, but bootleg video performances, such as Dylan's 1966 film \"Eat the Document\", which remains officially unreleased, are considered to be bootlegs. Dylan is generally considered to be the most bootlegged artist in rock history, rivaled only by the Grateful Dead. Due to his constant touring between 1988–present, and the fact that almost every show has been recorded, many of Dylan's","title":"Bob Dylan bootleg recordings"},{"psg_id":"14314035","text":"The Bob Dylan Encyclopedia The Bob Dylan Encyclopedia is a compendium of articles written by Michael Gray covering the life and work of Bob Dylan. It includes reviews of varying length for each album and numerous songs in Dylan's musical output, but is not just a work of music criticism. The topics for individual articles encompass Dylan's musical forebears, literary influences, personal acquaintances, key career events, musical associates, cultural context, forays into film and writing, and minutiae of all sorts. Gray's opinions characterize the content found in the \"Encyclopedia\". Gray connects Dylan to the tradition of country blues, and there","title":"The Bob Dylan Encyclopedia"},{"psg_id":"10485307","text":"Dignity (Bob Dylan song) \"Dignity\" is a song by Bob Dylan, first released on \"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits Volume 3\" on November 15, 1994 and also released as a CD single a month later. It was originally recorded in the spring of 1989 during the \"Oh Mercy\" studio sessions, but was not included on the album. The difficulties recording the song during the \"Oh Mercy\" sessions are described by Dylan in his autobiography, It was originally recorded with Dylan accompanied by Brian Stoltz and Willie Green. Though they managed to complete a polished performance, producer Daniel Lanois suggested something more","title":"Dignity (Bob Dylan song)"},{"psg_id":"6942269","text":"\"Subterranean Homesick Blues\" by The Kites, which were all cut from the actual release. Inside the booklet of the double disc album, Stephanie Reines (co-founder of Drive-Thru Records) describes that she hopes the album will be successful in \"exposing a new generation of listeners to Bob Dylan.\" She also dedicates the album to Dylan, thanking him for \"providing the soundtrack to the past 16 years of my life.\" Reines also describes how she came about listening to, and enjoying, Bob Dylan. \"All songs written by Bob Dylan.\" Listen to Bob Dylan: A Tribute Listen to Bob Dylan: A Tribute is","title":"Listen to Bob Dylan: A Tribute"},{"psg_id":"17542813","text":"Him\". The April 20 show at Massey Hall was filmed, but never officially released. After a four-night engagement at Le Theatre Saint-Denis in Montreal, the tour headed back to the United States northeast, and concluded with four concerts in the Midwest. The final show was held at Memorial Hall in Dayton, Ohio on May 21. Bob Dylan Gospel Tour The Bob Dylan Gospel Tour was a concert tour by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan that consisted of 79 concerts in North America in three legs, lasting from November 1, 1979 to May 21, 1980. In February 1978, Dylan initiated a ten-month","title":"Bob Dylan Gospel Tour"},{"psg_id":"2618041","text":"circulating. Another Side of Bob Dylan Another Side of Bob Dylan is the fourth studio album by American singer and songwriter Bob Dylan, released on August 8, 1964 by Columbia Records. The album deviates from the more socially conscious style which Dylan had developed with his previous LP, \"The Times They Are A-Changin'\". The change prompted criticism from some influential figures in the folk community – \"Sing Out!\" editor Irwin Silber complained that Dylan had \"somehow lost touch with people\" and was caught up in \"the paraphernalia of fame\". Despite the album's thematic shift, Dylan performed the entirety of \"Another","title":"Another Side of Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"2618009","text":"Another Side of Bob Dylan Another Side of Bob Dylan is the fourth studio album by American singer and songwriter Bob Dylan, released on August 8, 1964 by Columbia Records. The album deviates from the more socially conscious style which Dylan had developed with his previous LP, \"The Times They Are A-Changin'\". The change prompted criticism from some influential figures in the folk community – \"Sing Out!\" editor Irwin Silber complained that Dylan had \"somehow lost touch with people\" and was caught up in \"the paraphernalia of fame\". Despite the album's thematic shift, Dylan performed the entirety of \"Another Side","title":"Another Side of Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"15558071","text":"Bob Dylan World Tour 1978 The Bob Dylan World Tour 1978 was a concert tour by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. In 1978, Dylan embarked on a year-long world tour, performing 114 shows in Asia, Oceania, North America and Europe, to a total audience of two million people. For the tour, Dylan assembled an eight piece band, and was also accompanied by three backing singers. When Dylan brought the tour to the United States in September 1978, he was dismayed the press described the look and sound of the show as a 'Las Vegas Tour'. The 1978 tour grossed more than","title":"Bob Dylan World Tour 1978"},{"psg_id":"10485312","text":"Dylan's \"\" in 2008, along with a previously unreleased version of the song from the original March-April 1989 recording sessions. An ultimately meritless federal plagiarism lawsuit was filed against Bob Dylan and Sony Records in 1995 by James Damiano; among the songs cited in the suit was \"Dignity\". The suit was dismissed in 1997, with the judge stating \"there is no substantial similarity in the structure, instrumentation or melody of the two songs.\" An appeal was filed by Damiano and was dismissed in 1998. Dignity (Bob Dylan song) \"Dignity\" is a song by Bob Dylan, first released on \"Bob Dylan's","title":"Dignity (Bob Dylan song)"},{"psg_id":"13565574","text":"In \"Joey\", this is demonstrated in the lines: In a readers' poll conducted by \"Mojo\", \"Joey\" was rated the 74th most popular Bob Dylan song of all time. Dylan rarely plays the song live and the song has rarely been covered by other artists, perhaps due to the questionable moralizing it contains, though Italian-American outlaw musician Johnny Thunders recorded an abbreviated acoustic version on his album \"Hurt Me\" (1983). St. Louis garage-punk-blues band The Cripplers recorded a cover of Thunders' cover on their 2001 album, \"One More for the Bad Guys\". A concert version of the song does appear on","title":"Joey (Bob Dylan song)"},{"psg_id":"7518872","text":"Too Many Mornings\". By the end of 1963, Dylan felt both manipulated and constrained by the folk and protest movements. Accepting the \"Tom Paine Award\" from the National Emergency Civil Liberties Committee shortly after the assassination of John F. Kennedy, an intoxicated Dylan questioned the role of the committee, characterized the members as old and balding, and claimed to see something of himself and of every man in Kennedy's assassin, Lee Harvey Oswald. \"Another Side of Bob Dylan\", recorded in a single evening on June 9, 1964, had a lighter mood. The humorous Dylan reemerged on \"I Shall Be Free","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"7518857","text":"Dylan began to perform at the Ten O'Clock Scholar, a coffeehouse a few blocks from campus, and became involved in the Dinkytown folk music circuit. During his Dinkytown days, Dylan began introducing himself as \"Bob Dylan\". In his memoir, he said he hit upon using this less common variant for \"Dillon\" – a surname he had considered adopting – when he unexpectedly saw poems by Dylan Thomas. Explaining his change of name in a 2004 interview, he said, \"You're born, you know, the wrong names, wrong parents. I mean, that happens. You call yourself what you want to call yourself.","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"13967539","text":"Hollies Sing Dylan Hollies Sing Dylan is a 1969 cover album where the Hollies sing Bob Dylan songs. It was also released in the US as Words and Music by Bob Dylan with a different cover but using the same band image and track order. First released on compact disc in West Germany in the late 1980s, it was not released in that format in the rest of Europe until 1993. For this issue, two bonus tracks, the single version of \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and a live version of \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\". A later remastered issue in","title":"Hollies Sing Dylan"},{"psg_id":"13967535","text":"Hollies Sing Dylan Hollies Sing Dylan is a 1969 cover album where the Hollies sing Bob Dylan songs. It was also released in the US as Words and Music by Bob Dylan with a different cover but using the same band image and track order. First released on compact disc in West Germany in the late 1980s, it was not released in that format in the rest of Europe until 1993. For this issue, two bonus tracks, the single version of \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and a live version of \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\". A later remastered issue in","title":"Hollies Sing Dylan"},{"psg_id":"16192913","text":"in October to perform twenty three concerts there. Dylan also performed four concerts in Canada. The tour came to an end in Lakeland, Florida on November 21 after fifty-four concerts. Bob Dylan World Tour 1981 The Bob Dylan World Tour 1981 was a concert tour by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. The tour lasted from June 10, 1981 to November 21, 1981 and consisted of 54 concerts in three legs: 31 in North America and 23 in Europe. The tour promoted the release of Dylan's 1981 album \"Shot of Love\". The tour started on June 10, 1981 in Chicago, Illinois. Dylan","title":"Bob Dylan World Tour 1981"},{"psg_id":"7518846","text":"Bob Dylan Bob Dylan (born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and artist who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades. Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant \"voice of a generation\" with songs such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\" which became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement. In 1965, he controversially \"went electric\", branching out from his earlier work and alienating some fans of the American folk music revival,","title":"Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"3995770","text":"his songs have been made into children's books. He has done numerous collaborations, appearances and tribute albums. The albums \"Planet Waves\" and \"Before the Flood\" were initially released on Asylum Records; reissues of those two and all others were on Columbia Records. Dylan has won many awards for his songwriting and performances, including the 2016 Nobel Prize in Literature for his entire body of work. For a list of these accolades, see List of Bob Dylan awards. Much of his music has been bootlegged; for an examination of this phenomenon, see Bob Dylan bootleg recordings. These are notable EP releases,","title":"Bob Dylan discography"},{"psg_id":"7152727","text":"very young, and seemingly untrained voice, frankly nasal, as if sandpaper could sing, the effect was dramatic and electrifying.\" Bowie premiered \"Song for Bob Dylan\" on 3 June 1971 during a BBC concert session, with George Underwood (King Bees band mate and school friend) singing lead vocals. During broadcast, Bowie introduced the song as \"Song for Bob Dylan – Here She Comes.\" The song was first recorded at Trident Studios for \"Hunky Dory\" on 8 June 1971, with Bowie singing lead vocals and the title changed to \"Song for Bob Dylan.\" During the \"Hunky Dory\" sessions the song went through","title":"Song for Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"5265464","text":"defended the album in her review. \"The method here is hit-or-miss, and the results are correspondingly spotty,\" Maslin wrote. \"The fire and brimstone are behind Dylan, [but] this hardly means the fight has gone out of him: \"Bob Dylan at Budokan\" is a very contentious effort—and, for the most part, a victorious one.\" Fire and brimstone were to again become very much a part of Dylan's music, with the release of his gospel rock album \"Slow Train Coming\" later in 1979. \"Bob Dylan at Budokan\" reached in the U.S. and went platinum, while simultaneously peaking at in the UK. Bob","title":"Bob Dylan at Budokan"},{"psg_id":"3447151","text":"albums of all time. The album also received a fair share of commercial success, eventually topping the U.S. \"Billboard\" charts. The album's cover is, possibly unintentionally, highly reminiscent of that of John Phillips' \"John Phillips (John, the Wolf King of L.A.)\". All tracks written by Bob Dylan and Jacques Levy, except as noted. Desire (Bob Dylan album) Desire is the 17th studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on January 5, 1976 by Columbia Records. It is one of Dylan's most collaborative efforts, featuring the same caravan of musicians as the acclaimed Rolling Thunder Revue tours the previous year","title":"Desire (Bob Dylan album)"},{"psg_id":"2355580","text":"the second Newport Folk Festival. That weekend, Peter, Paul and Mary's rendition of \"Blowin' in the Wind\" reached number two on \"Billboard\"s pop chart. Baez was also at Newport, appearing twice on stage with Dylan. The combination of the chart success of \"Blowin' in the Wind\", and the glamor of Baez and Dylan singing together generated excitement about Dylan and his new album. Tom Paxton recalled: \"That was a big breakout festival for Bob. The buzz kept growing exponentially and it was like a coronation of Bob and Joan. They were King and Queen of the festival\". His friend Bob","title":"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan"},{"psg_id":"16655515","text":"Tempest (Bob Dylan album) Tempest is the 35th studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on September 10, 2012 by Columbia Records. The album was recorded at Jackson Browne's Groove Masters Studios in Santa Monica, California. Dylan wrote all of the songs himself with the exception of the track \"Duquesne Whistle\", which he co-wrote with Robert Hunter of the Grateful Dead. \"Tempest\" was released to acclaim from music critics, who praised its traditional music influences and Dylan's dark lyrics. The album peaked at number 3 on the \"Billboard\" 200. It is, to date, the last album of new Bob","title":"Tempest (Bob Dylan album)"},{"psg_id":"14662552","text":"reporter. A vast number of the shows have been recorded by audience members, and many have been released on bootleg CD. Very few recordings from the tour have been officially released; many have been single songs only, but entire concerts have been made available to the general public. Bob Dylan bootleg recordings Bob Dylan bootleg recordings are unreleased performances by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, that have been circulated throughout the public without undergoing an official, sanctioned release. It is commonly misconceived that bootlegs are only restricted to audio, but bootleg video performances, such as Dylan's 1966 film \"Eat the Document\",","title":"Bob Dylan bootleg recordings"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5474796\",\n \"text\": \"set was reissued by the Audio Fidelity label as \\\"Live 1964\\\", on two 5.1 multi-channel SACDs. All songs written by Bob Dylan, except where noted The Bootleg Series Vol. 6: Bob Dylan Live 1964, Concert at Philharmonic Hall The Bootleg Series Vol. 6: Bob Dylan Live 1964, Concert at Philharmonic Hall is the fourth installment of the Bob Dylan Bootleg Series, released in 2004 on Legacy Records. The complete recording from October 31, 1964 \\\"Halloween\\\" show at Philharmonic Hall in Manhattan by Bob Dylan, it had been widely circulated on pirate tapes for decades. The set list was dominated by\",\n \"title\": \"The Bootleg Series Vol. 6: Bob Dylan Live 1964, Concert at Philharmonic Hall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5468570\",\n \"text\": \"included in audio form on the 1985 compilation \\\"Biograph\\\"). It spent nine weeks on the chart and was certified and awarded a gold record on March 12, 2003 by the RIAA. The album reached number 69 in the U.K. All songs written by Bob Dylan, except where noted. All songs recorded live in concert. The Bootleg Series Vol. 5: Bob Dylan Live 1975, The Rolling Thunder Revue The Bootleg Series Vol. 5: Bob Dylan Live 1975, The Rolling Thunder Revue is a live album by Bob Dylan released by Columbia Records in 2002. The third installment in the ongoing Bob\",\n \"title\": \"The Bootleg Series Vol. 5: Bob Dylan Live 1975, The Rolling Thunder Revue\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11644987\",\n \"text\": \"Festival, he would alienate his fans and go electric. Dylan was the only artist apart from the Beatles to sell out the De Montfort Hall in the 1960s. Even the Rolling Stones did not sell out this venue. Bob Dylan England Tour 1965 The Bob Dylan England Tour 1965 was a concert tour by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan during late April and early May 1965. The tour was widely documented by filmmaker D. A. Pennebaker, who used the footage of the tour in his documentary \\\"Dont Look Back\\\". As Dylan was still playing exclusively folk music live, much of the\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan England Tour 1965\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7519015\",\n \"text\": \"as well as a cursive-\\\"Z\\\" for Dylan's nickname Zimmy in youth. In 2006 a cultural pathway, Bob Dylan Way, was inaugurated in Duluth, Minnesota, the city where Dylan was born. The 1.8 mile path links \\\"cultural and historically significant areas of downtown for the tourists\\\". In 2015, a massive Bob Dylan mural was unveiled in downtown Minneapolis, the city where Dylan attended university for a year. The mural was designed by Brazilian street artist Eduardo Kobra. Bob Dylan Bob Dylan (born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and artist who has been an influential figure\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5468568\",\n \"text\": \"The Bootleg Series Vol. 5: Bob Dylan Live 1975, The Rolling Thunder Revue The Bootleg Series Vol. 5: Bob Dylan Live 1975, The Rolling Thunder Revue is a live album by Bob Dylan released by Columbia Records in 2002. The third installment in the ongoing Bob Dylan Bootleg Series on Legacy Records, it documents the Rolling Thunder Revue led by Dylan prior to the release of the album \\\"Desire\\\". Until the release of this album, the only official live documentation of the Rolling Thunder Revue was \\\"Hard Rain\\\", recorded during the (less critically well received) second leg of the tour.\",\n \"title\": \"The Bootleg Series Vol. 5: Bob Dylan Live 1975, The Rolling Thunder Revue\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15558073\",\n \"text\": \"and March were recorded and released as the live double album, \\\"Bob Dylan at Budokan\\\". Reviews were mixed. Robert Christgau awarded the album a C+ rating, giving the album a derisory review, while Janet Maslin defended it in Rolling Stone, writing: \\\"These latest live versions of his old songs have the effect of liberating Bob Dylan from the originals.\\\" Bob Dylan World Tour 1978 The Bob Dylan World Tour 1978 was a concert tour by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. In 1978, Dylan embarked on a year-long world tour, performing 114 shows in Asia, Oceania, North America and Europe, to a\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan World Tour 1978\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6319359\",\n \"text\": \"reissued on CD in 1991 by Columbia (Cat. No. 4624489), but is no longer in print. All songs written by Bob Dylan, except where noted. Masterpieces (Bob Dylan album) Masterpieces is a compilation album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on March 12, 1978 by CBS. The triple LP set was released in Japan, Australia and New Zealand in anticipation of his 1978 tour. Primarily a greatest hits collection spanning Dylan's career up to that point, the album features one previously unreleased track, a unique (1962) outtake version of \\\"Mixed-Up Confusion\\\". It also includes a live performance of \\\"Just Like\",\n \"title\": \"Masterpieces (Bob Dylan album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2571278\",\n \"text\": \"original compositions had grown considerably. \\\"Bob Dylan\\\" was re-released in 2010 as the first of a 9 cd boxset titled \\\"The Original Mono Recordings\\\", with new liner notes by Greil Marcus on a 60 pages booklet. A pirated edition was released in June 2013 as a single album by Hoodoo Records, with 12 bonus tracks (1 single and 11 live radio recordings from 1961 to 1962) and a 16-page booklet. Album Bob Dylan (album) Bob Dylan is the debut studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on March 19, 1962 by Columbia Records. Produced by Columbia's legendary talent scout\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7518860\",\n \"text\": \"of Izzy Young's production for WRVR of a live twelve-hour Hootenanny on July 29, 1961: \\\"Among the newer promising talents deserving mention are a 20-year-old latter-day Guthrie disciple named Bob Dylan, with a curiously arresting mumbling, country-steeped manner\\\". This was Dylan's first radio performance. In September, Shelton boosted Dylan's career with an enthusiastic review of his performance at Gerde's Folk City. That month, Dylan played harmonica on folk singer Carolyn Hester's third album. This brought him to the attention of the album's producer, John Hammond, who signed Dylan to Columbia Records. Dylan's first Columbia album, \\\"Bob Dylan\\\", released March 19,\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4473378\",\n \"text\": \"Bob Dylan, except where noted. Hard Rain (Bob Dylan album) Hard Rain is a live album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on September 13, 1976 by Columbia Records. The album was recorded during the second leg of the Rolling Thunder Revue. The album was partly recorded on May 23, 1976, during a concert at Hughes Stadium in Fort Collins, Colorado; the penultimate show of the tour, the concert was also filmed and later broadcast by NBC as a one-hour television special in September. (\\\"Hard Rain\\\"'s release coincided with this broadcast). Four tracks from the album (\\\"I Threw It All\",\n \"title\": \"Hard Rain (Bob Dylan album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5474792\",\n \"text\": \"The Bootleg Series Vol. 6: Bob Dylan Live 1964, Concert at Philharmonic Hall The Bootleg Series Vol. 6: Bob Dylan Live 1964, Concert at Philharmonic Hall is the fourth installment of the Bob Dylan Bootleg Series, released in 2004 on Legacy Records. The complete recording from October 31, 1964 \\\"Halloween\\\" show at Philharmonic Hall in Manhattan by Bob Dylan, it had been widely circulated on pirate tapes for decades. The set list was dominated by Dylan’s protest songs, including \\\"The Times They Are a-Changin’,\\\" \\\"A Hard Rain’s a-Gonna Fall,\\\" and \\\"The Lonesome Death of Hattie Carroll\\\". Joan Baez, a major\",\n \"title\": \"The Bootleg Series Vol. 6: Bob Dylan Live 1964, Concert at Philharmonic Hall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15528799\",\n \"text\": \"Songs of Bob Dylan\\\", as well as recording a live version for her CD and DVD \\\"Live in Concert\\\". Danielle Haim and Blake Mills covered the song on \\\"Chimes of Freedom: Songs of Bob Dylan Honoring 50 Years of Amnesty International\\\". Ulf Lundell released a version in Swedish entitled \\\"Hjärtat mitt\\\" on his 1984 album, \\\"Sweethearts\\\", and a concert version on \\\"Maria Kom Tillbaka: Live\\\". Heart of Mine (Bob Dylan song) \\\"Heart of Mine\\\" is a song by Bob Dylan that appeared on his 1981 album \\\"Shot of Love\\\". Recorded on May 15, 1981, it was released as a single,\",\n \"title\": \"Heart of Mine (Bob Dylan song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5466321\",\n \"text\": \"several more. It has been reissued a couple of times over the years such as in 2009 and again as recently as 2016 with varying track listings . All songs written by Bob Dylan except where noted. The Essential Bob Dylan The Essential Bob Dylan is a compilation by Bob Dylan, released as a double-CD set in 2000, part of Columbia Records' \\\"The Essential\\\" series. \\\"The Essential Bob Dylan\\\" spans from 1963's \\\"Blowin' in the Wind\\\" (taken from \\\"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan\\\") to 1999's \\\"Things Have Changed\\\" (Dylan's Oscar-winning song from the motion picture, \\\"Wonder Boys\\\"). \\\"The Essential Bob Dylan\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"The Essential Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7518916\",\n \"text\": \"Sam Shepard, \\\"Brownsville Girl\\\", a work of genius. In 1986 and 1987, Dylan toured with Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, sharing vocals with Petty on several songs each night. Dylan also toured with the Grateful Dead in 1987, resulting in a live album \\\"Dylan & The Dead\\\". This received negative reviews: \\\"Allmusic\\\" said, \\\"Quite possibly the worst album by either Bob Dylan or the Grateful Dead.\\\" Dylan then initiated what came to be called the Never Ending Tour on June 7, 1988, performing with a back-up band featuring guitarist G. E. Smith. Dylan continued to tour with a small, evolving\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11644985\",\n \"text\": \"Bob Dylan England Tour 1965 The Bob Dylan England Tour 1965 was a concert tour by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan during late April and early May 1965. The tour was widely documented by filmmaker D. A. Pennebaker, who used the footage of the tour in his documentary \\\"Dont Look Back\\\". As Dylan was still playing exclusively folk music live, much of the material performed during this tour was pre-1965. Each show was divided into two halves, with seven songs performed during the first, and eight during the second. The set consisted of two songs from \\\"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan\\\", three\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan England Tour 1965\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5466141\",\n \"text\": \"The Bootleg Series Vol. 4: Bob Dylan Live 1966, The \\\"Royal Albert Hall\\\" Concert Live 1966: The \\\"Royal Albert Hall\\\" Concert is a two-disc live album by Bob Dylan, released in 1998. It is the second installment in the ongoing Bob Dylan Bootleg Series on Legacy Records. It was recorded at the Manchester Free Trade Hall during Dylan's world tour in 1966, hence the quotation marks around the false attribution to the Royal Albert Hall. Extensively bootlegged for decades, it is an important document in the development of popular music during the 1960s. The setlist consisted of two parts, with\",\n \"title\": \"The Bootleg Series Vol. 4: Bob Dylan Live 1966, The \\\"Royal Albert Hall\\\" Concert\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13565575\",\n \"text\": \"the live album \\\"Dylan and the Dead\\\". The Brazilian singer Vitor Ramil has released a version named \\\"Joquim\\\" on his 1987 album \\\"Tango\\\". Joey (Bob Dylan song) \\\"Joey\\\" is a song from Bob Dylan's 1976 album \\\"Desire\\\". It was written by Dylan and Jacques Levy, who collaborated with Dylan on most of the songs on the album. In a 2009 interview with Bill Flanagan, Dylan claimed that Levy wrote all the words to this song. Like another long song on the album, \\\"Hurricane\\\", \\\"Joey\\\" is biographical. The song is about the life and death of mobster Joey Gallo, who was\",\n \"title\": \"Joey (Bob Dylan song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7518985\",\n \"text\": \"his backup singer Carolyn Dennis (often professionally known as Carol Dennis) on June 4, 1986. Desiree Gabrielle Dennis-Dylan, their daughter had been born on January 31, 1986. The couple divorced in October 1992. Their marriage and child remained a closely guarded secret until the publication of Howard Sounes' biography \\\"Down the Highway: The Life of Bob Dylan\\\", in 2001. When not touring, Dylan is believed to live primarily in Point Dume, a promontory on the coast of Malibu, California, though he also owns property around the world. Growing up in Hibbing, Minnesota, Dylan and his family were part of the\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7518907\",\n \"text\": \"latest live versions of his old songs have the effect of liberating Bob Dylan from the originals.\\\" When Dylan brought the tour to the U.S. in September 1978, the press described the look and sound as a 'Las Vegas Tour'. The 1978 tour grossed more than $20 million, and Dylan told the \\\"Los Angeles Times\\\" that he had debts because \\\"I had a couple of bad years. I put a lot of money into the movie, built a big house ... and it costs a lot to get divorced in California.\\\" In April and May 1978, Dylan took the same\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7518906\",\n \"text\": \"Dylan's set. In 1976, Dylan wrote and duetted on \\\"Sign Language\\\" for Eric Clapton's \\\"No Reason To Cry\\\". In 1978, Dylan embarked on a year-long world tour, performing 114 shows in Japan, the Far East, Europe and the US, to a total audience of two million. Dylan assembled an eight-piece band and three backing singers. Concerts in Tokyo in February and March were released as the live double album, \\\"Bob Dylan At Budokan\\\". Reviews were mixed. Robert Christgau awarded the album a C+ rating, giving the album a derisory review, while Janet Maslin defended it in \\\"Rolling Stone\\\", writing: \\\"These\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7518951\",\n \"text\": \"is more than a curiosity, it's an indispensable addition to the catalog.\\\" On November 4, 2013, Columbia Records released \\\"Bob Dylan: Complete Album Collection: Vol. One\\\", a boxed set containing all 35 of Dylan's studio albums, six albums of live recordings, and a collection, entitled \\\"Sidetracks\\\", of singles, songs from films and non-album material. The box includes new album-by-album liner notes written by Clinton Heylin with an introduction by Bill Flanagan. On the same date, Columbia released a compilation, \\\"The Very Best of Bob Dylan\\\", which is available in both single CD and double CD formats. To publicize the 35\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3995771\",\n \"text\": \"mostly containing exclusive non-album tracks. See discogs.com for more foreign EPs that mostly contain just album version tracks or are just domestic promotional album samplers. Bob Dylan discography American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan has released 36 studio albums, 91 singles, 26 notable extended plays, 40 music videos, 13 live albums, 14 volumes comprising \\\"The Bootleg Series\\\", 19 compilation albums, 13 box sets, 7 soundtracks as main contributor, 5 music home videos and 2 non-music home videos. Dylan has been the subject of 5 documentaries, starred in 3 theatrical films, appeared in an additional 8 films and 10 home videos, and is\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan discography\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3995769\",\n \"text\": \"Bob Dylan discography American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan has released 36 studio albums, 91 singles, 26 notable extended plays, 40 music videos, 13 live albums, 14 volumes comprising \\\"The Bootleg Series\\\", 19 compilation albums, 13 box sets, 7 soundtracks as main contributor, 5 music home videos and 2 non-music home videos. Dylan has been the subject of 5 documentaries, starred in 3 theatrical films, appeared in an additional 8 films and 10 home videos, and is the subject of the biographical tribute film \\\"I'm Not There\\\". He has written and published lyrics, artwork and memoirs in 11 books and 2 of\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan discography\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2571273\",\n \"text\": \"Sun sessions, the voice that leaps from Dylan's first album is its most striking feature, a determined, iconoclastic baying that chews up influences, and spits out the odd mixed signal without half trying.\\\" At the time of its release, however, \\\"Bob Dylan\\\" received little notice, and both Hammond and Dylan were soon dismissive of the first album's results. The album also did not initially sell well and Dylan was for a time known as \\\"Hammond's Folly\\\" in record company circles. Mitch Miller, Columbia's chief of A&R at the time, said U.S. sales totaled about 2,500 copies. \\\"Bob Dylan\\\" remains Dylan's\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5265461\",\n \"text\": \"Bob Dylan at Budokan Bob Dylan at Budokan is a live album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released April 1979 on Columbia Records. It was recorded during his 1978 world tour and is composed mostly of the artist's \\\"greatest hits\\\". The performances in the album are radically altered from the originals, using the same musicians that backed \\\"Street-Legal\\\", but relying on a much larger band and stronger use of brass and backup singers. In some respects the arrangements are more conventional than the original arrangements, for which the album was criticized. For a few critics, such as Janet Maslin of\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan at Budokan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2355539\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Baby, Please Don't Go\\\", and Robert Johnson's \\\"Milk Cow's Calf's Blues\\\". Because Dylan's songwriting talent was developing so rapidly, nothing from the April sessions appeared on \\\"Freewheelin\\\"'. The recording sessions at Studio A resumed on July 9, when Dylan recorded \\\"Blowin' in the Wind\\\", a song that he had first performed live at Gerde's Folk City on April 16. Dylan also recorded \\\"Bob Dylan's Blues\\\", \\\"Down the Highway\\\", and \\\"Honey, Just Allow Me One More Chance\\\", all of which ended up on \\\"Freewheelin\\\"', plus one other original composition, \\\"Baby, I'm in the Mood for You\\\", which did not. At this\",\n \"title\": \"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7518918\",\n \"text\": \"introduction declaring, \\\"Bob freed your mind the way Elvis freed your body. He showed us that just because music was innately physical did not mean that it was anti-intellectual.\\\" The album \\\"Down in the Groove\\\" in May 1988 sold even more unsuccessfully than his previous studio album. Michael Gray wrote: \\\"The very title undercuts any idea that inspired work may lie within. Here was a further devaluing of the notion of a new Bob Dylan album as something significant.\\\" The critical and commercial disappointment of that album was swiftly followed by the success of the Traveling Wilburys. Dylan co-founded the\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11635402\",\n \"text\": \"Tapes\\\". Dylan returned to the studio to record 1967's \\\"John Wesley Harding\\\", and 1969's \\\"Nashville Skyline\\\". In 1969 he began making occasional one-off appearances, usually at festivals or large charity concerts, including his highly anticipated performance at the 1969 Isle of Wight Festival, and George Harrison's 1971 Concert For Bangladesh. However, Dylan did not undertake another full-scale concert tour until the \\\"Before The Flood\\\" tour that reunited him with The Band in January 1974. Bob Dylan World Tour 1966 The Bob Dylan World Tour 1966 was a concert tour undertaken by American musician Bob Dylan, from February to May 1966.\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan World Tour 1966\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11729656\",\n \"text\": \"noose had suddenly tightened around its neck,\\\" adding that The Band's sympathetic \\\"shaping of the song ... is so perfectly attuned to the bottomed-out quality of Dylan's mood that Robertson's guitar sounds like it's scratching the itch in Dylan's throat.\\\" Going, Going, Gone (Bob Dylan song) \\\"Going, Going, Gone\\\" is a song by Bob Dylan. It was released in 1974 on the album \\\"Planet Waves\\\", and also appeared on the 1979 live album \\\"Bob Dylan at Budokan\\\". The song is in the key of F major. Dylan is accompanied by The Band. Critics have admired the interplay in the song\",\n \"title\": \"Going, Going, Gone (Bob Dylan song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11729655\",\n \"text\": \"Going, Going, Gone (Bob Dylan song) \\\"Going, Going, Gone\\\" is a song by Bob Dylan. It was released in 1974 on the album \\\"Planet Waves\\\", and also appeared on the 1979 live album \\\"Bob Dylan at Budokan\\\". The song is in the key of F major. Dylan is accompanied by The Band. Critics have admired the interplay in the song between Dylan's desperate vocal and guitarist Robbie Robertson's lead guitar. Rock critic Tim Riley wrote that \\\"The Band's windup pitch to \\\"Going, Going, Gone\\\" is a wonder of pinpoint ensemble playing: Robertson makes his guitar entrance choke as if a\",\n \"title\": \"Going, Going, Gone (Bob Dylan song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11635377\",\n \"text\": \"Bob Dylan World Tour 1966 The Bob Dylan World Tour 1966 was a concert tour undertaken by American musician Bob Dylan, from February to May 1966. Dylan's 1966 World Tour was notable as the first tour--actually a continuation of his late 1965 U.S. tour--where Dylan employed an electric band backing him, following his \\\"going electric\\\" at the 1965 Newport Folk Festival. The musicians Dylan employed as his backing band were known as The Hawks; they subsequently became famous as The Band. The 1966 tour was filmed by director D. A. Pennebaker. Pennebaker's footage was edited by Dylan and Howard Alk\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan World Tour 1966\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20794874\",\n \"text\": \"you,\\\" and has been a noted reference to Hotel Chelsea, where Dylan had resided in the 1960s. \\\"Sara\\\" has been called one of Dylan's best love songs. \\\"The Irish Times\\\" stated the song was \\\"as beautiful an expression of the preciousness and frailty of human love as has ever been put on a record.\\\" \\\"Rolling Stone\\\" called the song perhaps his most personal song in his career. \\\"Sara\\\" was also featured at No. 48 on \\\"Rolling Stone\\\"'s list of 100 Greatest Bob Dylan Songs. A live version of the song was featured on \\\"\\\". \\\"Sara\\\" was recorded on July 31,\",\n \"title\": \"Sara (Bob Dylan song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7518926\",\n \"text\": \"Honor in the East Room of the White House, paying this tribute: \\\"He probably had more impact on people of my generation than any other creative artist. His voice and lyrics haven't always been easy on the ear, but throughout his career Bob Dylan has never aimed to please. He's disturbed the peace and discomforted the powerful.\\\" In 1999, Dylan embarked on a North American tour with Paul Simon, where each alternated as headline act with a \\\"middle\\\" section where they performed together, starting on the first of June and ending September 18. The collaboration was generally well received. Dylan\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7519014\",\n \"text\": \"In 2017, the George Kaiser Family Foundation announced a design competition for a major Bob Dylan Center in Tulsa's Arts District. In 2018, the foundation announced that it had selected Olson Kundig Architects to design the building. The center is expected to open in 2021, and be located next to the facility dedicated to Guthrie. In 2005, 7th Avenue East in Hibbing, Minnesota, the street on which Dylan lived from ages 6 to 18, received the honorary name Bob Dylan Drive. In the town Hibbing, a walk of fame-styled \\\"star\\\" is embedded in a sidewalk with the words \\\"Bob Dylan\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17778317\",\n \"text\": \"Bob Dylan: The Complete Album Collection Vol. One The Complete Album Collection Vol. One is a forty-seven disc box set released on November 4, 2013 by Bob Dylan. It includes thirty-five albums released between 1962 and 2012, six live albums, and a compilation album unique to the set, \\\"\\\", which contains previously released material unavailable on regular studio albums. This box set makes the compilations \\\"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits\\\", \\\"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits Vol. II\\\", \\\"Biograph\\\", \\\"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits Volume 3\\\" and \\\"The Essential Bob Dylan\\\" obsolete. This release is the first time that the 1973 album \\\"Dylan\\\" has\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan: The Complete Album Collection Vol. One\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17008060\",\n \"text\": \"Bob Dylan and the Grateful Dead 1987 Tour The Bob Dylan and the Grateful Dead 1987 Tour was a concert tour by Bob Dylan and the Grateful Dead taking place in the summer of 1987 and consisting of six concerts. Each concert began with one or two lengthy sets by the Grateful Dead of their own material (sometime broken into a first and second set, per the Dead's usual practice), followed by a roughly 90 minute set of the Dead acting as Dylan's backup band. \\\"Dylan & the Dead\\\" is a live album released by Bob Dylan and the Grateful\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan and the Grateful Dead 1987 Tour\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7518946\",\n \"text\": \"Ralph J. Gleason, and the recording carries liner notes by Michael Gray, who says it captures Dylan \\\"from way back when Kennedy was President and the Beatles hadn't yet reached America. It reveals him not at any Big Moment but giving a performance like his folk club sets of the period... This is the last live performance we have of Bob Dylan before he becomes a star.\\\" The extent to which his work was studied at an academic level was demonstrated on Dylan's 70th birthday on May 24, 2011, when three universities organized symposia on his work. The University of\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8333645\",\n \"text\": \"Love Sick (Bob Dylan song) \\\"Love Sick\\\" is a song by Bob Dylan, recorded in January 1997 and released as the opening track on his 30th studio album \\\"Time Out of Mind\\\" in September of that year. It was released as the second single from the album in June 1998, in various CD formats some of which featured a February 25, 1998, live version of the song, from Dylan's performance at the 1998 Grammy Awards. The song was produced by Daniel Lanois. According to Dylan's website, the song has been performed live over 800 times. During Dylan's performance of the\",\n \"title\": \"Love Sick (Bob Dylan song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2571259\",\n \"text\": \"Bob Dylan (album) Bob Dylan is the debut studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on March 19, 1962 by Columbia Records. Produced by Columbia's legendary talent scout John H. Hammond, who signed Dylan to the label, the album features folk standards, plus two original compositions, \\\"Talkin' New York\\\" and \\\"Song to Woody\\\". Dylan met John Hammond at a rehearsal session for Carolyn Hester on September 14, 1961, at the apartment shared by Hester and her then-husband, Richard Fariña. Hester had invited Dylan to the session as a harmonica player, and Hammond approved him as a session player after\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17424313\",\n \"text\": \"Slow Train (Bob Dylan song) \\\"Slow Train\\\" is a song written by Bob Dylan that first appeared on his 1979 album \\\"Slow Train Coming\\\". In the United States, it was released as the follow up single to \\\"Gotta Serve Somebody.\\\" It was also released as the lead song from Dylan's 1989 live album with the Grateful Dead, \\\"Dylan & the Dead\\\". Music critic Paul Williams has called it \\\"the one track [on \\\"Slow Train Coming\\\"] that must be listened to again and again and again, inexhaustible, essential.\\\" \\\"Rolling Stone\\\" editor Jann Wenner has called it \\\"nothing less than Dylan's most\",\n \"title\": \"Slow Train (Bob Dylan song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15369662\",\n \"text\": \"celebrating the release of Todd Haynes's film \\\"I'm Not There\\\". Thomas Ward notes that Dylan himself has never played the song live. Santa-Fe (Bob Dylan song) \\\"Santa-Fe\\\" (sometimes spelled \\\"Santa Fe\\\" or \\\"Santa Fé\\\") is a song that was recorded by Bob Dylan and the Band in the summer or fall of 1967 in the Woodstock area of New York State. It was recorded during the sessions that would in 1975 be released on \\\"The Basement Tapes\\\" but was not included on that album. These sessions took place in three phases throughout the year, at a trio of houses, and\",\n \"title\": \"Santa-Fe (Bob Dylan song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12762625\",\n \"text\": \"Forever Young (Bob Dylan song) \\\"Forever Young\\\" is a song by Bob Dylan, recorded in California in November 1973. The song first appeared (in two different versions, one slow and one fast) on Dylan's fourteenth studio album \\\"Planet Waves\\\" (1974). A demo version of the song, recorded in New York City in June 1973, was included on Dylan's 1985 compilation \\\"Biograph\\\". In the notes included with that album, Dylan is quoted as saying that he wrote \\\"Forever Young\\\" in Tucson, Arizona, \\\"thinking about\\\" one of his sons and \\\"not wanting to be too sentimental.\\\" A live version of the song,\",\n \"title\": \"Forever Young (Bob Dylan song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5466320\",\n \"text\": \"The Essential Bob Dylan The Essential Bob Dylan is a compilation by Bob Dylan, released as a double-CD set in 2000, part of Columbia Records' \\\"The Essential\\\" series. \\\"The Essential Bob Dylan\\\" spans from 1963's \\\"Blowin' in the Wind\\\" (taken from \\\"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan\\\") to 1999's \\\"Things Have Changed\\\" (Dylan's Oscar-winning song from the motion picture, \\\"Wonder Boys\\\"). \\\"The Essential Bob Dylan\\\" has proven to be a solid seller in Dylan's catalog, reaching #67 in the US, and peaking at #9 in the UK. The British and Australian releases include all of the tracks from the US edition plus\",\n \"title\": \"The Essential Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2355578\",\n \"text\": \"that have never been released have been documented by biographer Clinton Heylin, except where noted. All songs written by Bob Dylan, except where noted. Dylan promoted his upcoming album with radio appearances and concert performances. In May 1963, Dylan performed with Joan Baez at the Monterey Folk Festival, where she joined him on stage for a duet of a new Dylan song, \\\"With God on Our Side\\\". Baez was at the pinnacle of her fame, having appeared on the cover of \\\"Time\\\" magazine the previous November. The performance not only gave Dylan and his songs a new prominence, it also\",\n \"title\": \"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7518945\",\n \"text\": \"time presented Dylan's eight earliest albums, from \\\"Bob Dylan\\\" (1962) to \\\"John Wesley Harding\\\" (1967), in their original mono mix in the CD format. The CDs were housed in miniature facsimiles of the original album covers, replete with original liner notes. The set was accompanied by a booklet featuring an essay by music critic Greil Marcus. On April 12, 2011, Legacy Recordings released \\\"Bob Dylan in Concert – Brandeis University 1963\\\", taped at Brandeis University on May 10, 1963, two weeks prior to the release of \\\"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan\\\". The tape was discovered in the archive of music writer\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6319358\",\n \"text\": \"Masterpieces (Bob Dylan album) Masterpieces is a compilation album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on March 12, 1978 by CBS. The triple LP set was released in Japan, Australia and New Zealand in anticipation of his 1978 tour. Primarily a greatest hits collection spanning Dylan's career up to that point, the album features one previously unreleased track, a unique (1962) outtake version of \\\"Mixed-Up Confusion\\\". It also includes a live performance of \\\"Just Like Tom Thumb's Blues\\\" from Dylan's 1966 World Tour, which was first released as the B-side of his \\\"I Want You\\\" single in 1966. \\\"Masterpieces\\\" was\",\n \"title\": \"Masterpieces (Bob Dylan album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17778319\",\n \"text\": \"there are still several released songs missing from this collection: Bob Dylan: The Complete Album Collection Vol. One The Complete Album Collection Vol. One is a forty-seven disc box set released on November 4, 2013 by Bob Dylan. It includes thirty-five albums released between 1962 and 2012, six live albums, and a compilation album unique to the set, \\\"\\\", which contains previously released material unavailable on regular studio albums. This box set makes the compilations \\\"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits\\\", \\\"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits Vol. II\\\", \\\"Biograph\\\", \\\"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits Volume 3\\\" and \\\"The Essential Bob Dylan\\\" obsolete. This release\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan: The Complete Album Collection Vol. One\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9405257\",\n \"text\": \"also appearing on the 6-disc and 2-disc versions of that album. Dylan performed \\\"I Want You\\\" as a slow ballad during his 1978 world tour, as heard on \\\"Bob Dylan at Budokan\\\", released in 1979. Dylan also revisited the song in 1987 on a co-tour with the Grateful Dead; their version was released in 1989 on the \\\"Dylan and the Dead\\\" album. The single's B-side was a live version of \\\"Just Like Tom Thumb's Blues\\\" recorded in Liverpool, England at the Odeon Theatre on May 14, 1966. (This was the first released recording of Dylan live with the Hawks, later\",\n \"title\": \"I Want You (Bob Dylan song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2355594\",\n \"text\": \"and \\\"Talkin' John Birch Blues\\\". Copies of the \\\"original\\\" version of \\\"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan\\\" (in both mono and stereo) are extremely rare. The original track listing was as follows: The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on May 27, 1963 by Columbia Records. Whereas his self-titled debut album \\\"Bob Dylan\\\" had contained only two original songs, \\\"Freewheelin\\\" represented the beginning of Dylan's writing contemporary words to traditional melodies. Eleven of the thirteen songs on the album are Dylan's original compositions. The album opens with \\\"Blowin' in the\",\n \"title\": \"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19978808\",\n \"text\": \"Triplicate (Bob Dylan album) Triplicate is the 38th studio album by Bob Dylan, released by Columbia Records on March 31, 2017. Like Dylan's previous two studio albums, \\\"Triplicate\\\" features covers of classic American songs recorded live with his touring band and without the use of overdubs. The album is Dylan's first three-disc album, featuring thirty songs across its three discs, each individually titled and presented in a thematically-arranged 10-song sequence. Three songs from the album—\\\"I Could Have Told You\\\", \\\"My One and Only Love\\\", and \\\"Stardust\\\"—were released as digital singles, with only the first being made available in promotional CD\",\n \"title\": \"Triplicate (Bob Dylan album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7152726\",\n \"text\": \"Song for Bob Dylan \\\"Song for Bob Dylan\\\" is a song written by David Bowie for his 1971 album \\\"Hunky Dory\\\". The song parodies Bob Dylan's 1962 homage to Woody Guthrie, \\\"Song to Woody\\\". Yet while Dylan opens with \\\"Hey, hey, Woody Guthrie, I wrote you a song,\\\" Bowie addresses Dylan by his birth name saying, \\\"Now, hear this, Robert Zimmerman, I wrote a song for you.\\\" In the song, Bowie also describes Bob Dylan's voice \\\"like sand and glue\\\" which is similar to how Joyce Carol Oates described it upon first hearing Dylan: \\\"When we first heard this raw,\",\n \"title\": \"Song for Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11200388\",\n \"text\": \"Portraits of Bob Dylan Portraits of Bob Dylan is the title of Yes guitarist Steve Howe's ninth solo album, released in 1999. The album features his son Dylan Howe on drums and several other guest artists, including (former) Yes band members Jon Anderson and Geoff Downes, performing cover versions of Bob Dylan songs. Keith West, lead singer of the 1960s band Tomorrow (in which Howe was the guitarist), sings lead on \\\"Lay Lady Lay\\\". AllMusic reviewer Stewart Mason gave the album 2 stars out of 5, stating \\\"\\\"Portraits of Bob Dylan\\\" is pleasant enough, and it's a nice gesture toward\",\n \"title\": \"Portraits of Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15528794\",\n \"text\": \"Heart of Mine (Bob Dylan song) \\\"Heart of Mine\\\" is a song by Bob Dylan that appeared on his 1981 album \\\"Shot of Love\\\". Recorded on May 15, 1981, it was released as a single, and reached No. 8 in Norway. A live version of the composition was released on \\\"Biograph\\\" in 1985. Artists who have covered the song include Norah Jones, Mountain, Steve Gibbons, Blake Mills, Maria Muldaur, and Ulf Lundell. The music of \\\"Heart of Mine\\\" has been described as having a \\\"loose, garagey\\\" feel encompassing a \\\"vaguely Latin/Caribbean vibe\\\", and featuring \\\"loosey-goosey piano\\\" by Dylan. Dylan's piano\",\n \"title\": \"Heart of Mine (Bob Dylan song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12850195\",\n \"text\": \"language and arranging it the way I did, with a galloping northeastern rhythm, it would be interesting, and I think it was! This arrangement is also inspired by the recording of this song that George Harrison did in his album\\\" All Things Must Pass\\\".\\\"\\\" \\\"Literal translations of Portuguese song titles in parenthesis.\\\" Zé Ramalho Canta Bob Dylan – Tá Tudo Mudando Zé Ramalho Canta Bob Dylan – Tá Tudo Mudando is the second tribute album by Brazilian singer-songwriter Zé Ramalho, released in 2008. This time, he pays an homage to Bob Dylan, whose \\\"Knockin' on Heaven's Door\\\" had already been\",\n \"title\": \"Zé Ramalho Canta Bob Dylan – Tá Tudo Mudando\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2571270\",\n \"text\": \"of Constant Sorrow\\\" during his first national television appearance in mid-1963 (a performance included on the 2005 retrospective \\\"\\\"). \\\"Baby Let Me Follow You Down\\\" would later return in a driving electric arrangement during his 1965 and 1966 tours with the Hawks; a live recording was included on \\\"\\\". After 1966, Dylan performed only five songs from his debut album in concert, and only \\\"Song to Woody\\\" and \\\"Pretty Peggy-O\\\" would be heard with any frequency. Three additional songs recorded during the \\\"Bob Dylan\\\" sessions were included on \\\"Volume 1\\\" of the Bootleg Series: \\\"House Carpenter\\\", \\\"He Was a Friend\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3845371\",\n \"text\": \"of the performance, Letterman walked onstage and congratulated Dylan, asking him if he could come back and play every Thursday. Dylan smiled and jokingly agreed. All songs written by Bob Dylan. Infidels (Bob Dylan album) Infidels is the 22nd studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on October 27, 1983 by Columbia Records. Produced by Mark Knopfler and Dylan himself, \\\"Infidels\\\" is seen as his return to secular music, following a conversion to Christianity, three evangelical, gospel records and a subsequent return to a less religious lifestyle. Though he has never entirely abandoned religious imagery, \\\"Infidels\\\" gained much attention\",\n \"title\": \"Infidels (Bob Dylan album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7518955\",\n \"text\": \"publisher. On November 4, 2014, Columbia Records/Legacy Recordings released \\\"\\\" by Bob Dylan and the Band. These 138 tracks in a six-CD box form Volume 11 of Dylan's \\\"Bootleg Series\\\". The 1975 album, \\\"The Basement Tapes\\\", contained some of the songs which Dylan and the Band recorded in their homes in Woodstock, New York, in 1967. Subsequently, over 100 recordings and alternate takes have circulated on bootleg records. The sleeve notes for the new box set are by Sid Griffin, American musician and author of \\\"Million Dollar Bash: Bob Dylan, the Band, and the Basement Tapes\\\". On February 3, 2015,\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7518944\",\n \"text\": \"October 18, 2010, Dylan released Volume 9 of his Bootleg Series, . This comprised 47 demo recordings of songs taped between 1962 and 1964 for Dylan's earliest music publishers: Leeds Music in 1962, and Witmark Music from 1962 to 1964. One reviewer described the set as \\\"a hearty glimpse of young Bob Dylan changing the music business, and the world, one note at a time.\\\" The critical aggregator website Metacritic awarded the album a Metascore of 86, indicating \\\"universal acclaim\\\". In the same week, Sony Legacy released \\\"Bob Dylan: The Original Mono Recordings\\\", a box set that for the first\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7518939\",\n \"text\": \"of alternative takes and unreleased material suggested to one reviewer that this volume of old outtakes \\\"feels like a new Bob Dylan record, not only for the astonishing freshness of the material, but also for the incredible sound quality and organic feeling of everything here.\\\" Bob Dylan released his album \\\"Together Through Life\\\" on April 28, 2009. In a conversation with music journalist Bill Flanagan, published on Dylan's website, Dylan explained that the genesis of the record was when French film director Olivier Dahan asked him to supply a song for his new road movie, \\\"My Own Love Song\\\"; initially\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7518893\",\n \"text\": \"by Jimi Hendrix, whose version Dylan acknowledged as definitive. Woody Guthrie died on October 3, 1967, and Dylan made his first live appearance in twenty months at a Guthrie memorial concert held at Carnegie Hall on January 20, 1968, where he was backed by the Band. Dylan's next release, \\\"Nashville Skyline\\\" (1969), was mainstream country featuring Nashville musicians, a mellow-voiced Dylan, a duet with Johnny Cash, and the hit single \\\"Lay Lady Lay\\\". \\\"Variety\\\" wrote, \\\"Dylan is definitely doing something that can be called singing. Somehow he has managed to add an octave to his range.\\\" During one recording session,\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8333647\",\n \"text\": \"one Disc two CD1 (COL 665997 2): CD2 (COL 665997 5): 2-track CD (COL 665997 1): Victoria's Secret Exclusive EP: Love Sick (Bob Dylan song) \\\"Love Sick\\\" is a song by Bob Dylan, recorded in January 1997 and released as the opening track on his 30th studio album \\\"Time Out of Mind\\\" in September of that year. It was released as the second single from the album in June 1998, in various CD formats some of which featured a February 25, 1998, live version of the song, from Dylan's performance at the 1998 Grammy Awards. The song was produced by\",\n \"title\": \"Love Sick (Bob Dylan song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4473375\",\n \"text\": \"Hard Rain (Bob Dylan album) Hard Rain is a live album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on September 13, 1976 by Columbia Records. The album was recorded during the second leg of the Rolling Thunder Revue. The album was partly recorded on May 23, 1976, during a concert at Hughes Stadium in Fort Collins, Colorado; the penultimate show of the tour, the concert was also filmed and later broadcast by NBC as a one-hour television special in September. (\\\"Hard Rain\\\"'s release coincided with this broadcast). Four tracks from the album (\\\"I Threw It All Away,\\\" \\\"Stuck inside of Mobile\",\n \"title\": \"Hard Rain (Bob Dylan album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10965118\",\n \"text\": \"20, 2007, Dylan played this song live in concert for the first time during a show in Nashville. He was joined onstage for the performance by Jack White of The White Stripes. In February 2017, a segment on \\\"Full Frontal with Samantha Bee\\\" that celebrated Black History Month strongly implied that the \\\"\\\"woman in Jackson\\\"\\\" mentioned in the song was civil rights activist Dorie Ladner, sister of fellow activist \\\"Joyce Ladner\\\". Queens of the Stone Age recorded a cover version for the song, which was included on the Bob Dylan tribute compilation album \\\"Chimes Of Freedom: The Songs Of Bob\",\n \"title\": \"Outlaw Blues (Bob Dylan song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2355530\",\n \"text\": \"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on May 27, 1963 by Columbia Records. Whereas his self-titled debut album \\\"Bob Dylan\\\" had contained only two original songs, \\\"Freewheelin\\\" represented the beginning of Dylan's writing contemporary words to traditional melodies. Eleven of the thirteen songs on the album are Dylan's original compositions. The album opens with \\\"Blowin' in the Wind\\\", which became an anthem of the 1960s, and an international hit for folk trio Peter, Paul & Mary soon after the release of \\\"Freewheelin\\\". The album featured several other\",\n \"title\": \"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7152729\",\n \"text\": \"tipsy arabesques over broken chord pulses on two acoustic guitars.\\\" The simple, descending bass line that accompanies the folk-chord progression invokes Dylan circa 1965. Bowie also imitates Dylan's adenoidal voice throughout the song and the lyrics reflect Dylan's style of starkly contrasting narrow range-verse and swelling chorus. Song for Bob Dylan \\\"Song for Bob Dylan\\\" is a song written by David Bowie for his 1971 album \\\"Hunky Dory\\\". The song parodies Bob Dylan's 1962 homage to Woody Guthrie, \\\"Song to Woody\\\". Yet while Dylan opens with \\\"Hey, hey, Woody Guthrie, I wrote you a song,\\\" Bowie addresses Dylan by his\",\n \"title\": \"Song for Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20794872\",\n \"text\": \"Sara (Bob Dylan song) \\\"Sara\\\" is a song from Bob Dylan's 1976 album \\\"Desire\\\". It is the closing song on the album. Unlike many of the songs on the album, which were written by Dylan and Jacques Levy, \\\"Sara\\\" was written solely by Dylan, as an autobiographical account of his estrangement from then-wife Sara Dylan. It was recorded on July 31, 1975. The song is named after Dylan's wife at the time, and the song alludes to their earlier relationship, including the couple's children together. In his book \\\"Down The Highway: The Life of Bob Dylan\\\", Howard Sounes quoted Jacques\",\n \"title\": \"Sara (Bob Dylan song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17542800\",\n \"text\": \"Bob Dylan Gospel Tour The Bob Dylan Gospel Tour was a concert tour by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan that consisted of 79 concerts in North America in three legs, lasting from November 1, 1979 to May 21, 1980. In February 1978, Dylan initiated a ten-month World Tour that consisted of 114 concerts in ten countries. On June 15, Dylan released the album \\\"Street-Legal\\\", which received poor reviews from most American critics. Performances on his world tour also received negative reviews. The physical demands of touring were also taking a toll on the artist. During a concert on November 17 in\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan Gospel Tour\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11200389\",\n \"text\": \"an obvious hero of Howe's, but it's not even close to essential for either Dylan or Howe fans\\\". Portraits of Bob Dylan Portraits of Bob Dylan is the title of Yes guitarist Steve Howe's ninth solo album, released in 1999. The album features his son Dylan Howe on drums and several other guest artists, including (former) Yes band members Jon Anderson and Geoff Downes, performing cover versions of Bob Dylan songs. Keith West, lead singer of the 1960s band Tomorrow (in which Howe was the guitarist), sings lead on \\\"Lay Lady Lay\\\". AllMusic reviewer Stewart Mason gave the album 2\",\n \"title\": \"Portraits of Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2571274\",\n \"text\": \"only release not to chart whatsoever in the U.S., although it eventually reached in the UK charts in 1965. Despite the album's poor sales, it was not a financial disaster because it was very cheap to record. On December 22, 1961, a month to the day after \\\"Bob Dylan\\\"'s final session, Dylan was in Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he and his friend Tony Glover paid a visit to their friend Bonnie Beecher. Dylan held an informal session at her apartment, performing 26 songs which were recorded by Glover on a reel-to-reel tape recorder. Often known by a misnomer, the \\\"Minneapolis Hotel\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2571272\",\n \"text\": \"version of \\\"House of the Rising Sun\\\", heavily overdubbed with electric instruments in 1964 (produced by Tom Wilson), was later included on the \\\"Highway 61 Interactive\\\" CD-ROM. \\\"Bob Dylan\\\" did not receive acclaim until years later. \\\"These debut songs are essayed with differing degrees of conviction,\\\" writes music critic Tim Riley in 1999, \\\"[but] even when his reach exceeds his grasp, he never sounds like he knows he's in over his head, or gushily patronizing … Like Elvis Presley, what Dylan can sing, he quickly masters; what he can't, he twists to his own devices. And as with the Presley\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7518984\",\n \"text\": \"they had three more children: Anna Lea (born July 11, 1967), Samuel Isaac Abram (born July 30, 1968), and Jakob Luke (born December 9, 1969). Dylan also adopted Sara's daughter from a prior marriage, Maria Lownds (later Dylan, born October 21, 1961). Sara Dylan played the role of Clara in Dylan's film \\\"Renaldo and Clara\\\" (1978). Bob and Sara Dylan were divorced on June 29, 1977. Maria married musician Peter Himmelman in 1988. In the 1990s, Jakob became well known as the lead singer of the band the Wallflowers; Jesse is a film director and a successful businessman. Dylan married\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7518885\",\n \"text\": \"event, Dylan denied he was married. Journalist Nora Ephron made the news public in the \\\"New York Post\\\" in February 1966 with the headline \\\"Hush! Bob Dylan is wed.\\\" Dylan toured Australia and Europe in April and May 1966. Each show was split in two. Dylan performed solo during the first half, accompanying himself on acoustic guitar and harmonica. In the second, backed by , he played electrically amplified music. This contrast provoked many fans, who jeered and slow handclapped. The tour culminated in a raucous confrontation between Dylan and his audience at the Manchester Free Trade Hall in England\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7518862\",\n \"text\": \"record label. Dylan used the pseudonym Bob Landy to record as a piano player on \\\"The Blues Project\\\", a 1964 anthology album by Elektra Records. As Tedham Porterhouse, Dylan played harmonica on Ramblin' Jack Elliott's 1964 album \\\"Jack Elliott\\\". Dylan made two important career moves in August 1962: he legally changed his name to Robert Dylan, and he signed a management contract with Albert Grossman. (In June 1961, Dylan had signed an agreement with Roy Silver. In 1962, Grossman paid Silver $10,000 to become sole manager.) Grossman remained Dylan's manager until 1970, and was notable for his sometimes confrontational personality\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19365807\",\n \"text\": \"The Bob Dylan Archive The Bob Dylan Archive is a collection of documents and objects relating to American singer Bob Dylan. It was announced on March 2, 2016 that the archive had been acquired by the George Kaiser Family Foundation (GKFF) and the University of Tulsa (TU). It will be under the care of the University's Helmerich Center for American Research. The archive consists of more than 6,000 items, including notebooks, contracts, unreleased concert films and the leather jacket Dylan wore at the 1965 Newport Folk Festival. Most of the material has never before been seen by members of the\",\n \"title\": \"The Bob Dylan Archive\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15023973\",\n \"text\": \"commented, \\\"Paul Williams historicizes Dylan's genius of American tongue.\\\" Bob Dylan, Performing Artist Bob Dylan, Performing Artist is a series of three books written by music critic Paul Williams concerning the music of American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. Unlike many other books about Dylan, these are not biographical but focus primarily on the performances delivered at various concerts over a period of almost forty years. The performances Williams analyzes were either personally attended or reviewed from audio-tapes (and sometimes from videotapes). In an interview published in \\\"Isis\\\" magazine's August 1990 issue, Williams told interviewer Derek Barker, \\\"I didn't want to write\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan, Performing Artist\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15023970\",\n \"text\": \"Bob Dylan, Performing Artist Bob Dylan, Performing Artist is a series of three books written by music critic Paul Williams concerning the music of American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. Unlike many other books about Dylan, these are not biographical but focus primarily on the performances delivered at various concerts over a period of almost forty years. The performances Williams analyzes were either personally attended or reviewed from audio-tapes (and sometimes from videotapes). In an interview published in \\\"Isis\\\" magazine's August 1990 issue, Williams told interviewer Derek Barker, \\\"I didn't want to write about the person, I wanted to write about what\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan, Performing Artist\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14662533\",\n \"text\": \"Bob Dylan bootleg recordings Bob Dylan bootleg recordings are unreleased performances by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, that have been circulated throughout the public without undergoing an official, sanctioned release. It is commonly misconceived that bootlegs are only restricted to audio, but bootleg video performances, such as Dylan's 1966 film \\\"Eat the Document\\\", which remains officially unreleased, are considered to be bootlegs. Dylan is generally considered to be the most bootlegged artist in rock history, rivaled only by the Grateful Dead. Due to his constant touring between 1988–present, and the fact that almost every show has been recorded, many of Dylan's\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan bootleg recordings\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14314035\",\n \"text\": \"The Bob Dylan Encyclopedia The Bob Dylan Encyclopedia is a compendium of articles written by Michael Gray covering the life and work of Bob Dylan. It includes reviews of varying length for each album and numerous songs in Dylan's musical output, but is not just a work of music criticism. The topics for individual articles encompass Dylan's musical forebears, literary influences, personal acquaintances, key career events, musical associates, cultural context, forays into film and writing, and minutiae of all sorts. Gray's opinions characterize the content found in the \\\"Encyclopedia\\\". Gray connects Dylan to the tradition of country blues, and there\",\n \"title\": \"The Bob Dylan Encyclopedia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10485307\",\n \"text\": \"Dignity (Bob Dylan song) \\\"Dignity\\\" is a song by Bob Dylan, first released on \\\"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits Volume 3\\\" on November 15, 1994 and also released as a CD single a month later. It was originally recorded in the spring of 1989 during the \\\"Oh Mercy\\\" studio sessions, but was not included on the album. The difficulties recording the song during the \\\"Oh Mercy\\\" sessions are described by Dylan in his autobiography, It was originally recorded with Dylan accompanied by Brian Stoltz and Willie Green. Though they managed to complete a polished performance, producer Daniel Lanois suggested something more\",\n \"title\": \"Dignity (Bob Dylan song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6942269\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Subterranean Homesick Blues\\\" by The Kites, which were all cut from the actual release. Inside the booklet of the double disc album, Stephanie Reines (co-founder of Drive-Thru Records) describes that she hopes the album will be successful in \\\"exposing a new generation of listeners to Bob Dylan.\\\" She also dedicates the album to Dylan, thanking him for \\\"providing the soundtrack to the past 16 years of my life.\\\" Reines also describes how she came about listening to, and enjoying, Bob Dylan. \\\"All songs written by Bob Dylan.\\\" Listen to Bob Dylan: A Tribute Listen to Bob Dylan: A Tribute is\",\n \"title\": \"Listen to Bob Dylan: A Tribute\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17542813\",\n \"text\": \"Him\\\". The April 20 show at Massey Hall was filmed, but never officially released. After a four-night engagement at Le Theatre Saint-Denis in Montreal, the tour headed back to the United States northeast, and concluded with four concerts in the Midwest. The final show was held at Memorial Hall in Dayton, Ohio on May 21. Bob Dylan Gospel Tour The Bob Dylan Gospel Tour was a concert tour by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan that consisted of 79 concerts in North America in three legs, lasting from November 1, 1979 to May 21, 1980. In February 1978, Dylan initiated a ten-month\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan Gospel Tour\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2618041\",\n \"text\": \"circulating. Another Side of Bob Dylan Another Side of Bob Dylan is the fourth studio album by American singer and songwriter Bob Dylan, released on August 8, 1964 by Columbia Records. The album deviates from the more socially conscious style which Dylan had developed with his previous LP, \\\"The Times They Are A-Changin'\\\". The change prompted criticism from some influential figures in the folk community – \\\"Sing Out!\\\" editor Irwin Silber complained that Dylan had \\\"somehow lost touch with people\\\" and was caught up in \\\"the paraphernalia of fame\\\". Despite the album's thematic shift, Dylan performed the entirety of \\\"Another\",\n \"title\": \"Another Side of Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2618009\",\n \"text\": \"Another Side of Bob Dylan Another Side of Bob Dylan is the fourth studio album by American singer and songwriter Bob Dylan, released on August 8, 1964 by Columbia Records. The album deviates from the more socially conscious style which Dylan had developed with his previous LP, \\\"The Times They Are A-Changin'\\\". The change prompted criticism from some influential figures in the folk community – \\\"Sing Out!\\\" editor Irwin Silber complained that Dylan had \\\"somehow lost touch with people\\\" and was caught up in \\\"the paraphernalia of fame\\\". Despite the album's thematic shift, Dylan performed the entirety of \\\"Another Side\",\n \"title\": \"Another Side of Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15558071\",\n \"text\": \"Bob Dylan World Tour 1978 The Bob Dylan World Tour 1978 was a concert tour by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. In 1978, Dylan embarked on a year-long world tour, performing 114 shows in Asia, Oceania, North America and Europe, to a total audience of two million people. For the tour, Dylan assembled an eight piece band, and was also accompanied by three backing singers. When Dylan brought the tour to the United States in September 1978, he was dismayed the press described the look and sound of the show as a 'Las Vegas Tour'. The 1978 tour grossed more than\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan World Tour 1978\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10485312\",\n \"text\": \"Dylan's \\\"\\\" in 2008, along with a previously unreleased version of the song from the original March-April 1989 recording sessions. An ultimately meritless federal plagiarism lawsuit was filed against Bob Dylan and Sony Records in 1995 by James Damiano; among the songs cited in the suit was \\\"Dignity\\\". The suit was dismissed in 1997, with the judge stating \\\"there is no substantial similarity in the structure, instrumentation or melody of the two songs.\\\" An appeal was filed by Damiano and was dismissed in 1998. Dignity (Bob Dylan song) \\\"Dignity\\\" is a song by Bob Dylan, first released on \\\"Bob Dylan's\",\n \"title\": \"Dignity (Bob Dylan song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13565574\",\n \"text\": \"In \\\"Joey\\\", this is demonstrated in the lines: In a readers' poll conducted by \\\"Mojo\\\", \\\"Joey\\\" was rated the 74th most popular Bob Dylan song of all time. Dylan rarely plays the song live and the song has rarely been covered by other artists, perhaps due to the questionable moralizing it contains, though Italian-American outlaw musician Johnny Thunders recorded an abbreviated acoustic version on his album \\\"Hurt Me\\\" (1983). St. Louis garage-punk-blues band The Cripplers recorded a cover of Thunders' cover on their 2001 album, \\\"One More for the Bad Guys\\\". A concert version of the song does appear on\",\n \"title\": \"Joey (Bob Dylan song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7518872\",\n \"text\": \"Too Many Mornings\\\". By the end of 1963, Dylan felt both manipulated and constrained by the folk and protest movements. Accepting the \\\"Tom Paine Award\\\" from the National Emergency Civil Liberties Committee shortly after the assassination of John F. Kennedy, an intoxicated Dylan questioned the role of the committee, characterized the members as old and balding, and claimed to see something of himself and of every man in Kennedy's assassin, Lee Harvey Oswald. \\\"Another Side of Bob Dylan\\\", recorded in a single evening on June 9, 1964, had a lighter mood. The humorous Dylan reemerged on \\\"I Shall Be Free\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7518857\",\n \"text\": \"Dylan began to perform at the Ten O'Clock Scholar, a coffeehouse a few blocks from campus, and became involved in the Dinkytown folk music circuit. During his Dinkytown days, Dylan began introducing himself as \\\"Bob Dylan\\\". In his memoir, he said he hit upon using this less common variant for \\\"Dillon\\\" – a surname he had considered adopting – when he unexpectedly saw poems by Dylan Thomas. Explaining his change of name in a 2004 interview, he said, \\\"You're born, you know, the wrong names, wrong parents. I mean, that happens. You call yourself what you want to call yourself.\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13967539\",\n \"text\": \"Hollies Sing Dylan Hollies Sing Dylan is a 1969 cover album where the Hollies sing Bob Dylan songs. It was also released in the US as Words and Music by Bob Dylan with a different cover but using the same band image and track order. First released on compact disc in West Germany in the late 1980s, it was not released in that format in the rest of Europe until 1993. For this issue, two bonus tracks, the single version of \\\"Blowin' in the Wind\\\" and a live version of \\\"The Times They Are a-Changin'\\\". A later remastered issue in\",\n \"title\": \"Hollies Sing Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13967535\",\n \"text\": \"Hollies Sing Dylan Hollies Sing Dylan is a 1969 cover album where the Hollies sing Bob Dylan songs. It was also released in the US as Words and Music by Bob Dylan with a different cover but using the same band image and track order. First released on compact disc in West Germany in the late 1980s, it was not released in that format in the rest of Europe until 1993. For this issue, two bonus tracks, the single version of \\\"Blowin' in the Wind\\\" and a live version of \\\"The Times They Are a-Changin'\\\". A later remastered issue in\",\n \"title\": \"Hollies Sing Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16192913\",\n \"text\": \"in October to perform twenty three concerts there. Dylan also performed four concerts in Canada. The tour came to an end in Lakeland, Florida on November 21 after fifty-four concerts. Bob Dylan World Tour 1981 The Bob Dylan World Tour 1981 was a concert tour by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. The tour lasted from June 10, 1981 to November 21, 1981 and consisted of 54 concerts in three legs: 31 in North America and 23 in Europe. The tour promoted the release of Dylan's 1981 album \\\"Shot of Love\\\". The tour started on June 10, 1981 in Chicago, Illinois. Dylan\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan World Tour 1981\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7518846\",\n \"text\": \"Bob Dylan Bob Dylan (born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and artist who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades. Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant \\\"voice of a generation\\\" with songs such as \\\"Blowin' in the Wind\\\" and \\\"The Times They Are a-Changin'\\\" which became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement. In 1965, he controversially \\\"went electric\\\", branching out from his earlier work and alienating some fans of the American folk music revival,\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3995770\",\n \"text\": \"his songs have been made into children's books. He has done numerous collaborations, appearances and tribute albums. The albums \\\"Planet Waves\\\" and \\\"Before the Flood\\\" were initially released on Asylum Records; reissues of those two and all others were on Columbia Records. Dylan has won many awards for his songwriting and performances, including the 2016 Nobel Prize in Literature for his entire body of work. For a list of these accolades, see List of Bob Dylan awards. Much of his music has been bootlegged; for an examination of this phenomenon, see Bob Dylan bootleg recordings. These are notable EP releases,\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan discography\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7152727\",\n \"text\": \"very young, and seemingly untrained voice, frankly nasal, as if sandpaper could sing, the effect was dramatic and electrifying.\\\" Bowie premiered \\\"Song for Bob Dylan\\\" on 3 June 1971 during a BBC concert session, with George Underwood (King Bees band mate and school friend) singing lead vocals. During broadcast, Bowie introduced the song as \\\"Song for Bob Dylan – Here She Comes.\\\" The song was first recorded at Trident Studios for \\\"Hunky Dory\\\" on 8 June 1971, with Bowie singing lead vocals and the title changed to \\\"Song for Bob Dylan.\\\" During the \\\"Hunky Dory\\\" sessions the song went through\",\n \"title\": \"Song for Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5265464\",\n \"text\": \"defended the album in her review. \\\"The method here is hit-or-miss, and the results are correspondingly spotty,\\\" Maslin wrote. \\\"The fire and brimstone are behind Dylan, [but] this hardly means the fight has gone out of him: \\\"Bob Dylan at Budokan\\\" is a very contentious effort—and, for the most part, a victorious one.\\\" Fire and brimstone were to again become very much a part of Dylan's music, with the release of his gospel rock album \\\"Slow Train Coming\\\" later in 1979. \\\"Bob Dylan at Budokan\\\" reached in the U.S. and went platinum, while simultaneously peaking at in the UK. Bob\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan at Budokan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3447151\",\n \"text\": \"albums of all time. The album also received a fair share of commercial success, eventually topping the U.S. \\\"Billboard\\\" charts. The album's cover is, possibly unintentionally, highly reminiscent of that of John Phillips' \\\"John Phillips (John, the Wolf King of L.A.)\\\". All tracks written by Bob Dylan and Jacques Levy, except as noted. Desire (Bob Dylan album) Desire is the 17th studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on January 5, 1976 by Columbia Records. It is one of Dylan's most collaborative efforts, featuring the same caravan of musicians as the acclaimed Rolling Thunder Revue tours the previous year\",\n \"title\": \"Desire (Bob Dylan album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2355580\",\n \"text\": \"the second Newport Folk Festival. That weekend, Peter, Paul and Mary's rendition of \\\"Blowin' in the Wind\\\" reached number two on \\\"Billboard\\\"s pop chart. Baez was also at Newport, appearing twice on stage with Dylan. The combination of the chart success of \\\"Blowin' in the Wind\\\", and the glamor of Baez and Dylan singing together generated excitement about Dylan and his new album. Tom Paxton recalled: \\\"That was a big breakout festival for Bob. The buzz kept growing exponentially and it was like a coronation of Bob and Joan. They were King and Queen of the festival\\\". His friend Bob\",\n \"title\": \"The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16655515\",\n \"text\": \"Tempest (Bob Dylan album) Tempest is the 35th studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on September 10, 2012 by Columbia Records. The album was recorded at Jackson Browne's Groove Masters Studios in Santa Monica, California. Dylan wrote all of the songs himself with the exception of the track \\\"Duquesne Whistle\\\", which he co-wrote with Robert Hunter of the Grateful Dead. \\\"Tempest\\\" was released to acclaim from music critics, who praised its traditional music influences and Dylan's dark lyrics. The album peaked at number 3 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" 200. It is, to date, the last album of new Bob\",\n \"title\": \"Tempest (Bob Dylan album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14662552\",\n \"text\": \"reporter. A vast number of the shows have been recorded by audience members, and many have been released on bootleg CD. Very few recordings from the tour have been officially released; many have been single songs only, but entire concerts have been made available to the general public. Bob Dylan bootleg recordings Bob Dylan bootleg recordings are unreleased performances by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, that have been circulated throughout the public without undergoing an official, sanctioned release. It is commonly misconceived that bootlegs are only restricted to audio, but bootleg video performances, such as Dylan's 1966 film \\\"Eat the Document\\\",\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Dylan bootleg recordings\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["greenwich village"],"string":"[\n \"greenwich village\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":579,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"who do roman catholics give authority to?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"8259835","text":"Goan Catholics Goan Catholics are an ethno-religious community of Roman Catholics from the state of Goa on the west coast of India who speak Konkani as well as English. Portuguese seafarers arrived in Goa in 1510, and Catholic missionary activities soon followed, as Pope Nicholas V had enacted the Papal bull \"Romanus Pontifex\" in 1455 which granted the patronage of the propagation of the Christian faith in Asia to the Portuguese. During the Goa Inquisition (1560-1820) and the Portuguese–Maratha wars, many Goan Catholics migrated to neighboring regions, especially Mangalore. Some targeted by the Inquisition were converts to Catholicism who nonetheless","title":"Goan Catholics"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8259835\",\n \"text\": \"Goan Catholics Goan Catholics are an ethno-religious community of Roman Catholics from the state of Goa on the west coast of India who speak Konkani as well as English. Portuguese seafarers arrived in Goa in 1510, and Catholic missionary activities soon followed, as Pope Nicholas V had enacted the Papal bull \\\"Romanus Pontifex\\\" in 1455 which granted the patronage of the propagation of the Christian faith in Asia to the Portuguese. During the Goa Inquisition (1560-1820) and the Portuguese–Maratha wars, many Goan Catholics migrated to neighboring regions, especially Mangalore. Some targeted by the Inquisition were converts to Catholicism who nonetheless\",\n \"title\": \"Goan Catholics\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"12068851","text":"sisters) and 15 seminarians. Roman Catholic Diocese of Caxias do Maranhão The Roman Catholic Diocese of Caxias do Maranhão () is a suffragan Latin diocese in the Ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan of São Luís do Maranhão in northeastern Brazil. Its cathedral episcopal see is Catedral de Nossa Senhora dos Remédios, dedicated to the Virgin of Los Remedios, in the city of Caxias (do Maranhão), in Maranhão state. As per 2015, it pastorally served 825,000 Catholics (96.9% of 851,000 total) on 34,449 km² in 23 parishes and 135 missions with 25 priests (23 diocesan, 2 religious), 14 deacons, 48 lay","title":"Roman Catholic Diocese of Caxias do Maranhão"},{"psg_id":"12068850","text":"Roman Catholic Diocese of Caxias do Maranhão The Roman Catholic Diocese of Caxias do Maranhão () is a suffragan Latin diocese in the Ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan of São Luís do Maranhão in northeastern Brazil. Its cathedral episcopal see is Catedral de Nossa Senhora dos Remédios, dedicated to the Virgin of Los Remedios, in the city of Caxias (do Maranhão), in Maranhão state. As per 2015, it pastorally served 825,000 Catholics (96.9% of 851,000 total) on 34,449 km² in 23 parishes and 135 missions with 25 priests (23 diocesan, 2 religious), 14 deacons, 48 lay religious (6 brothers, 42","title":"Roman Catholic Diocese of Caxias do Maranhão"},{"psg_id":"17530526","text":"German Catholics’ Peace Association The German Catholics’ Peace Association (\"Friedensbund Deutscher Katholiken\") was a Catholic peace association founded in Weimar Germany in 1919 by Fr. Max Josef Metzger, a Roman Catholic priest. Metzger had served as military chaplain, in the German Imperial Army during World War I. Metzger became convinced that “future wars have lost their meaning, since they no longer give anybody the prospect of winning more than he loses.” At war's end, Metzger established the German Catholics’ Peace Association. He sought links to the international pacifist movement, strongly advocated the ecumenical idea of peace, and soon became known","title":"German Catholics’ Peace Association"},{"psg_id":"17530528","text":"foreign prisoners of war, Luckner was arrested in 1943 and only narrowly escaped death in the concentration camps. German Catholics’ Peace Association The German Catholics’ Peace Association (\"Friedensbund Deutscher Katholiken\") was a Catholic peace association founded in Weimar Germany in 1919 by Fr. Max Josef Metzger, a Roman Catholic priest. Metzger had served as military chaplain, in the German Imperial Army during World War I. Metzger became convinced that “future wars have lost their meaning, since they no longer give anybody the prospect of winning more than he loses.” At war's end, Metzger established the German Catholics’ Peace Association. He","title":"German Catholics’ Peace Association"},{"psg_id":"13704052","text":"this catechism that were not retained in the Post-Vatican II catechism published in 1992, like \"Roman Catholic Church\" that has not appeared in the \"Catechism of the Catholic Church\" since 1992. Some Eastern Catholics, while maintaining that they are in union with the Bishop of Rome, reject the description of themselves as being \"Roman Catholics\". Others, however, do call themselves Roman Catholics and \"Roman Catholic\" sometimes appears in the compound name of Eastern Catholic parish churches, e.g. \"St. Anthony's Maronite Roman Catholic Church\". Orthodox Christians sometimes use the term \"Uniate\" (occasionally spelled \"Uniat\") to describe the Eastern Catholic churches which","title":"Roman Catholic (term)"},{"psg_id":"12404213","text":"History of Mangalorean Catholics The History of Mangalorean Catholics comprises three major eras. The first era consists of the Indo-Aryan inheritance from their ancestors, who once lived at the regions of the now extinct Saraswati River, and later migrated to Goa possibility due to the drying up of the river and/or Muslim invasion. The second era was the Lusitanian legacy, due to the conversion of their Hindu ancestors in Goa to Roman Catholicism by the Portuguese, and the final era being the migration of these Roman Catholics in Goa to Mangalore and other parts of South Canara between the mid-16th","title":"History of Mangalorean Catholics"},{"psg_id":"8259838","text":"two British MP's, Keith Vaz and Valerie Vaz. Roman Catholics who originate from the present state of Goa, a region on the west coast of India, and their descendants are generally referred to as Goan Catholics. After the Portuguese possession of Goa in 1510, the Portuguese consolidated their power by imposing their own government and cultural traditions some of which are still retained in Goa. Many pre-Portuguese Hindu (and some Islamic) traditions were adapted or retained by the Goan Catholics. This often includes the Hindu caste system although it is not widely practiced. Throughout the Portuguese Empire a large part","title":"Goan Catholics"},{"psg_id":"7992628","text":"the authority of the Padroado Archbishop in Goa versus those who supported de Castro. The Portuguese refused to recognise Bishop de Castro's appointment and vigorously opposed his activities. Archbishop Brandão's sudden death on 6 July 1678 further complicated matters, and the Cathedral chapter administering the Archdiocese of Goa following the vacancy created by his death, forbade the Canara Catholics from receiving the sacraments from the bishop or from priests appointed by him. In his turn, Bishop de Castro excommunicated those Catholics who were obedient to the Padroado authorities in Goa and their priests. In 1681, the Holy See appointed another","title":"Mangalorean Catholics"},{"psg_id":"13704042","text":"to them at all. Compared to the Roman Rite, the other Western liturgical rites have little following. Hence, the Vatican department that deals with forms of worship (including music) in the Western Church often issues documents that deal only with the Roman Rite. Some of the writers who draw a contrast between \"Roman Catholics\" and \"Eastern Catholics\" may perhaps be distinguishing Eastern Catholics not from Latin or Western Catholics in general, but only from those (the majority of Latin Catholics) who use the Roman liturgical rite. Adrian Fortescue explicitly made this distinction, saying that, just as \"Armenian Catholic\" is used","title":"Roman Catholic (term)"},{"psg_id":"17407788","text":"We Can pledge. They may live frugally to donate more money. Financial careers are popular for those pursuing earning to give. David Brooks criticized the concept in his \"New York Times\" opinion column, arguing that, while altruists may start doing \"earning to give\" to realize their deepest commitments, their values may erode over time, becoming progressively less altruistic. In addition, Brooks objected to the view on which altruists should turn themselves \"into a machine for the redistribution of wealth.\" Peter Singer responded to these criticisms in his book \"The Most Good You Can Do\" by giving examples of people who","title":"Earning to give"},{"psg_id":"9030387","text":"an autonomous (\"sui iuris\") Church, since canon 27 of the \"Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches\" defines these Churches as under a hierarchy of their own and recognized as autonomous by the supreme authority of the Church. Until 1994, the annual publication \"Catholic Almanac\" used to list \"Georgian\" among the Byzantine Rites or autonomous particular Churches. This was corrected in 1995. Georgian Byzantine-Rite Catholics Georgian Byzantine Rite Catholics (Catholics of Georgian nationality or origin who are of Byzantine or \"Greek\" rite) are not now reported in published sources as existing. Towards the end of the 19th century, when almost","title":"Georgian Byzantine-Rite Catholics"},{"psg_id":"8259857","text":"them are Roman Catholics following the Latin Rite. Many Goan Catholics live in Mumbai and Bangalore. In the 1960s there were around 100,000 Goan Catholics in Bombay, of which 90,000 were in urban Bombay, and 10,000 in suburban Bombay. Other regions of India which have a small proportion of Goan Catholics are Delhi, Calcutta, Madras, Pune, Ahmednagar, Hyderabad, Nagpur, Nasik, and Ranchi. Goan Catholics are also found abroad, either as Non-resident Indian and Person of Indian Origin (NRIs), with some people born abroad. They are found in Arab states of the Persian Gulf in the Middle East, including Saudi Arabia,","title":"Goan Catholics"},{"psg_id":"18513130","text":"Disabilities (Catholics) Disabilities were legal restrictions and limitations placed on the Roman Catholics of England since the issuance of the Act of Supremacy in 1534. These disabilities were first sanctioned by the Penal Laws, enacted under the reigns of Henry VIII and Elizabeth I. They were followed by the Clarendon Code (1661–65) and the Test Act (1673). In spite of the promulgation of the Toleration Act (1689), that removed many civil disabilities, the Catholics still had to face limitations in respect of property rights, succession rights and education. Catholics also still had no right to assemble and pray. The oath","title":"Disabilities (Catholics)"},{"psg_id":"12404250","text":"Events related to Mangalorean Catholics that took place in Mangalore, and made national headlines were the attacks on Christian churches in September 2008. Bibliography History of Mangalorean Catholics The History of Mangalorean Catholics comprises three major eras. The first era consists of the Indo-Aryan inheritance from their ancestors, who once lived at the regions of the now extinct Saraswati River, and later migrated to Goa possibility due to the drying up of the river and/or Muslim invasion. The second era was the Lusitanian legacy, due to the conversion of their Hindu ancestors in Goa to Roman Catholicism by the Portuguese,","title":"History of Mangalorean Catholics"},{"psg_id":"5059649","text":"German Catholics (sect) The German Catholics () were a schismatic sect formed in December 1844 by German dissidents from the Roman Catholic Church, under the leadership of Johannes Ronge. The movement originated in Breslau (now Wrocław). They were joined for a time by somewhat more conservative dissidents under the leadership of Johannes Czerski. This latter movement took the name of Christian Catholics and originated in Schneidemühl (now Piła). In the 15 October 1844 issue of the \"Sächsische Vaterlandsblätter\", Johannes Ronge, a Roman Catholic priest in Silesia, published a vigorous attack upon Wilhelm Arnoldi, bishop of Trier since 1842, for having","title":"German Catholics (sect)"},{"psg_id":"11897683","text":"to reward Catholics for their long-continued peaceable behaviour, and for the purpose of allowing them to enjoy \"the blessings of our free constitution\". Distrust of them, however, continued, and though they subscribed money to equip the volunteers, they would not be admitted within the ranks. Nor was the Irish Parliament of 1782 willing to do more than to repeal the law compelling bishops to quit the kingdom, and the law binding those who had assisted at Mass to give the celebrant's name. Further, Catholics were no longer prohibited from owning a horse worth £5, and Catholic schools might be opened","title":"Roman Catholic relief bills"},{"psg_id":"6518085","text":"right to do the same.\" CFC is not a membership organization but an advocacy group. It relies upon paid employees and committed volunteer activists that it selectively recruits in various regions. In 2007, CFC had a budget of $3 million, increased from $2.5 million annually in the years leading up to 2003. It has been supported largely by secular foundations such as the Ford Foundation, John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, Rockefeller Foundation, and the Playboy Foundation. Catholics for Choice run an online magazine \"Conscience\". CFC and the Church hierarchy are moral and political opponents. For Roman Catholic officials,","title":"Catholics for Choice"},{"psg_id":"7992656","text":"2008. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Mangalore estimates the population of Mangalorean Catholics in the areas that comprise historical South Canara to be out of a total population of , or approximately 9.5 per cent of the population. Other regions of India having a significant proportion of Mangalorean Catholics, characterised by the presence of Mangalorean Catholic organisations or celebration of the unique Mangalorean Catholic \"Monti Fest\" festival, are Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Pune, Hyderabad, Chikkamagaluru, Hassan, and Ranchi. A few Mangalorean Catholics are found in Kodagu and Kerala, where there are tiny pockets concentrated in Thalassery, Kasargod, Kannur and","title":"Mangalorean Catholics"},{"psg_id":"18513131","text":"of abjuration required, swearing against the legitimacy of the Jacobite succession, was also counted as a disability, and remained in place until 1829. Disabilities (Catholics) Disabilities were legal restrictions and limitations placed on the Roman Catholics of England since the issuance of the Act of Supremacy in 1534. These disabilities were first sanctioned by the Penal Laws, enacted under the reigns of Henry VIII and Elizabeth I. They were followed by the Clarendon Code (1661–65) and the Test Act (1673). In spite of the promulgation of the Toleration Act (1689), that removed many civil disabilities, the Catholics still had to","title":"Disabilities (Catholics)"},{"psg_id":"18472227","text":"co-star Sarah Hadland told \"The Sun\" that two Christmas specials will be filmed in November. Hart later announced that the two Christmas specials would be the end to the sitcom. Hart said the end was “going to be really emotional,” but added that she didn't want her sitcom character \"to keep falling over and making a fool of herself\". I Do, But To Who? \"I Do, But To Who?\" is the 2014 Christmas special and the nineteenth episode overall of the BBC sitcom, \"Miranda\". It was scheduled to be screened on 25 December 2014 and revealed the cliffhanger that was","title":"I Do, But To Who?"},{"psg_id":"5059660","text":"in an exaggerated mysticism. Many of the congregations which were formed in 1844 and the years immediately following dissolved, including that of Schneidemühl itself, which ceased to exist in 1857. The majority of the German Catholics joined the national Protestant church. As of 1911, there were only about two thousand strict German Catholics, all in Saxony. The movement was superseded by the Old Catholic Church. German Catholics (sect) The German Catholics () were a schismatic sect formed in December 1844 by German dissidents from the Roman Catholic Church, under the leadership of Johannes Ronge. The movement originated in Breslau (now","title":"German Catholics (sect)"},{"psg_id":"18472226","text":"I Do, But To Who? \"I Do, But To Who?\" is the 2014 Christmas special and the nineteenth episode overall of the BBC sitcom, \"Miranda\". It was scheduled to be screened on 25 December 2014 and revealed the cliffhanger that was left at the end of the last episode of series three. Due to the cliffhanger at the end of the third series, it was suspected that \"Miranda\" would return for a fourth series. However, in July 2014, Hart announced that there are no plans for a fourth series but 'a couple of specials' would be made. In September 2014,","title":"I Do, But To Who?"},{"psg_id":"7591821","text":"the Missions and the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul Only variations from the General Roman Calendar for celebrations according to the Roman Rite are given here. The various Eastern Catholic Churches have completely different liturgical calendars, as do Latin Rite Catholics who use the Ambrosian and Mozarabic Rites. According to the national calendar of Argentina, as requested by the Argentine Episcopal Conference (CEA) and approved by the Holy See: See Liturgy Brisbane The Episcopal Conferences of Austria, Germany, and Switzerland share one regional proper calendar, although each country remains free to insert additional celebrations (Austria, for example,","title":"General Roman Calendar"},{"psg_id":"17411181","text":"Give Give Give \"Give Give Give\" is a 1986 charity single recorded by Dance Aid, a supergroup of British soul artists. This was done to support multiple sclerosis research. The remake of this project charted at #85 in the UK Singles Charts. The late British DJ and personality Steve Walsh was influenced with Band Aid's \"Do They Know It's Christmas?\" and USA for Africa's \"We Are the World\", for those hits became a very fashionable vehicle of raising money and awareness. Walsh made talks with Steve McIntosh of The Cool Notes about creating a charity supergroup to make a similar","title":"Give Give Give"},{"psg_id":"17411183","text":"also took part. The first version was released in the autumn of 1986 under the name Disco Aid, but the project did not do as well as everyone involved had wished for. In 1987, the project was re-recorded & re-produced with the help of British top producers Stock Aitken Waterman. This time it was released under the act name Dance Aid. Participants included Sinitta, Ruby Turner and Pepsi & Shirlie. The project has received more attention, and managed to chart at #85 in the UK Singles Charts. 12\" Vinyl 7\" Vinyl Give Give Give \"Give Give Give\" is a 1986","title":"Give Give Give"},{"psg_id":"16911337","text":"Association of Catholics in Ireland The Association of Catholics in Ireland (ACI) is a voluntary association of Roman Catholic laity in Ireland. The association was established in November 2012 with the objective of pursuing a reform and renewal agenda in the Irish Catholic Church based on the pastoral teachings of the Second Vatican Council. The Association is organised on an all-island basis and membership is open to all who share its objectives. The views of the association may be contrasted with those who support Traditionalist Catholic positions. At a meeting held in the Regency Hotel, Drumcondra on 10 November 2012,","title":"Association of Catholics in Ireland"},{"psg_id":"344303","text":"as central to Roman identity. There was no principle analogous to \"separation of church and state\". The priesthoods of the state religion were filled from the same social pool of men who held public office, and in the Imperial era, the Pontifex Maximus was the emperor. Roman religion was practical and contractual, based on the principle of \"do ut des\", \"I give that you might give.\" Religion depended on knowledge and the correct practice of prayer, ritual, and sacrifice, not on faith or dogma, although Latin literature preserves learned speculation on the nature of the divine and its relation to","title":"Roman Empire"},{"psg_id":"14258763","text":"Roman Catholic Diocese of Maliana The Roman Catholic Diocese of Maliana is a Diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in East Timor. The diocese includes the administrative region of Maliana in districts of Liquica, Bobonaro, and Cova–Lima and 16 sub–districts. On 30 January 2010 the Vatican erected a third diocese in East Timor. Fr. Norberto do Amaral was nominated the first bishop of the newly created Diocese of Maliana. The Diocese is formed of 10 parishes serving just over 200,000 Catholics, who represent more than 98% of the area's population. Six diocesan and 25 non-diocesan priests, along with 108 religious","title":"Roman Catholic Diocese of Maliana"},{"psg_id":"8259887","text":"due to Portuguese prosecution, and the songs now live in the form of archives. The few which still prevail are recited to this day at weddings, expressing lofty sentiments that give vent to the feelings of the people about the marriage partners and their families and invoke the blessing of God on them like machlies. Goan Catholics have also played an important role in Bollywood music. (See Goans in Hindi film music composition) \"Goenkaranchi Ekvot\" is a registered organisation of Goan Catholics residing in Delhi. In Bangalore, associations such as the Karnataka Goan Association serve the community. The Kuwait Konknni","title":"Goan Catholics"},{"psg_id":"8439624","text":"song is written in the key of E minor. Jackson's vocal spans from G3 to B4. It has a moderately slow tempo of 87 beats per minute. \"Give In to Me\" received positive reviews from contemporary music critics. \"Entertainment Weekly\" editor David Browne praised Jackson's delivery, writing, \"when his voice isn't competing with drum machines, it's menacing on the creepy \"Give In to Me\" (his best-ever shot at hard rock).\" Alan Light of \"Rolling Stone\" reviewed the song: \"Give In to Me\" flirts with something more disturbing as Jackson sings, \"Don't try to understand me/Just simply do the things I","title":"Give In to Me"},{"psg_id":"10587868","text":"diocesan, 6 religious), 34 lay religious (10 brothers, 24 sisters) and 33 seminarians . Roman Catholic Diocese of Berbérati The Roman Catholic Diocese of Berbérati () is a Latin suffragan diocese in the Ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Archbishop of Bangui, both in the Central African Republic. However it remains under the authority of the missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples. Its episcopal see is the cathedral in Berbérati, in the Mambéré-Kadéï Prefecture (southwest, formerly Haute-Sangha). The city also has the former cathedral dedicated to Saint Anna. As per 2014, it pastorally served 214,000 Catholics (48.3% of 443,000","title":"Roman Catholic Diocese of Berbérati"},{"psg_id":"10587867","text":"Roman Catholic Diocese of Berbérati The Roman Catholic Diocese of Berbérati () is a Latin suffragan diocese in the Ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Archbishop of Bangui, both in the Central African Republic. However it remains under the authority of the missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples. Its episcopal see is the cathedral in Berbérati, in the Mambéré-Kadéï Prefecture (southwest, formerly Haute-Sangha). The city also has the former cathedral dedicated to Saint Anna. As per 2014, it pastorally served 214,000 Catholics (48.3% of 443,000 total) on 44,000 km² in 16 parishes and 7 missions, with 30 priests (24","title":"Roman Catholic Diocese of Berbérati"},{"psg_id":"17331221","text":"statement, a group of American bishops released a statement encouraging Catholics to, \"guard against all forms of racial bigotry.\" Inspired by the statement of the bishops, the Committee of Catholics to Fight Anti-Semitism was formed in May 1939 by Dorothy Day, Catherine Doherty, other supporters of the Catholic Worker Movement, and Emmanuel Chapman, professor at Fordham University, who was its first executive secretary. Also included among the founders were artists, philosophers, writers and, according to Day, \"a long list of priests and nuns.\" In August 1939 the group changed its name to the Committee of Catholics for Human Rights. The","title":"Committee of Catholics to Fight Anti-Semitism"},{"psg_id":"7992611","text":"but retained many of their Goan customs and traditions, and like their Goan ancestors, modern Mangalorean Catholic culture can be best described as an increasingly Anglicised Indo-Latin culture. The Mangalorean Catholic diaspora is mostly concentrated in the Arab states of the Persian Gulf and the English-speaking world. The Roman Catholics from the Mangalore Diocese and the newly formed Udupi Diocese (erstwhile \"South Canara\" district) and their descendents are generally known as Mangalorean Catholics. The diocese is located on the southwestern coast of India. It comprises the civil districts of Dakshina Kannada and Udupi in Karnataka state, and Kasaragod in Kerala","title":"Mangalorean Catholics"},{"psg_id":"11643941","text":"Italy, and it was prohibited to use names with references to the Axis Powers. Later, the original name of the town returned. According to the Brazilian Census of 2000, Nova Roma do Sul is the town with the highest percentage of self-reported Roman Catholics in the country. In the Census, the entire population reported to follow Catholicism. Nova Roma do Sul Nova Roma do Sul (a Portuguese name meaning New Rome of the South) is a municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It had a population of 3,690 persons, as of 2008. It was first settled","title":"Nova Roma do Sul"},{"psg_id":"3544788","text":"barred those who marry Roman Catholics. Since the passage of the Act it has been determined (in the case of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent) that an individual is not barred because his or her spouse later converts to Roman Catholicism after their marriage. The Succession to the Crown Act 2013 removed the ban on individuals married to Roman Catholics, though not on Roman Catholics themselves. Under the Treason Act 1702 and the Treason (Ireland) Act 1703, it is treason to \"endeavour to deprive or hinder any person who shall be the next in succession to the crown ... from","title":"Succession to the British throne"},{"psg_id":"13704022","text":"English parliament routinely used the term Roman Catholic and referred to the \"Holy Roman Catholic and Apostolic Church\". In the United States, the use of \"Roman Catholic\", as well as the number of Roman Catholics, began to grow only in the early 19th century. In 1790 there were only 100 Roman Catholics in New York and some 30,000 in the whole country, with only 29 priests. As the number of Roman Catholics in the United States grew rapidly from 150,000 to 1.7 million between 1815 and 1850—mostly by way of immigration from Ireland and the German Confederation—many clergy followed to","title":"Roman Catholic (term)"},{"psg_id":"8259870","text":"da Cunha's \"The Magic of Maya\". On 4 June 2006 the Archdiocese of Goa and Daman released the first Konkani Bible in Roman script. Minority of Goans of Luso-Indian descent speak Daman and Diu Portuguese. Goan Catholics have retained many Indian customs and traditions. \"Ros\" (anointing) ceremony, held one or two days before a wedding, involves the parents, relatives, and friends blessing the bride and groom, who are anointed with \"ros\", a mixture of coconut juice and coconut oil. Later, it is followed by the \"Resper\" (Nuptial Blessing in Church) and finally the \"Kazar\" (wedding) and \"Vor\" (wedding party). The","title":"Goan Catholics"},{"psg_id":"13704037","text":"refer to Western (i.e. Latin) Catholics, excluding Eastern Catholics. An example is the statement in the book \"When other Christians become Catholic\": \"...the individual becomes Eastern Catholic, not Roman Catholic.\" Similarly the \"Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth\" states that \"...not all Catholics are Roman Catholics and there are other Catholic Churches,\" using the term \"Roman Catholic\" to refer to Western Church members alone. The same distinction is made by some writers belonging to Eastern Catholic Churches. That this view is not the only one, not alone at the level of the Holy See and in reference books such as John","title":"Roman Catholic (term)"},{"psg_id":"6518077","text":"York Times\". The advertisement, entitled \"A Catholic Statement on Pluralism and Abortion\", stated that \"direct abortion ... can sometimes be a moral choice\" and that \"responsible moral decisions can only be made in an atmosphere of freedom from fear of coercion.\" The ad directly challenged Church authority. The Catholic Church took disciplinary measures against some of the nuns who signed the statement, sparking controversy among American Catholics, and intra-Catholic conflict on the abortion issue remained news for at least two years. In the end, CFC was seen to gain credibility and status by the advertisement, while the Church hierarchy was","title":"Catholics for Choice"},{"psg_id":"15701230","text":"made from the east, but during its occupation it is likely to have occurred from the south or north. The three hectare site is dominated by a baths complex, administration and secondary support building. The 2006 excavations discovered a large polychromatic figurative mosaic, that represents the god Bacchus travelling around the world, flanked by pather and bacchanal, housed in the building. These types of figures reflect themes that were common mostly in urbanized Roman settlements, but not in interior parts of Portugal. Roman villa of Vale do Mouro The Roman villa of Vale do Mouro () is a Roman settlement","title":"Roman villa of Vale do Mouro"},{"psg_id":"18722366","text":"1707, which restates the provisions of the Act of Settlement 1701, and the Bill of Rights 1689. These laws originally restricted the succession to legitimate descendants of Sophia, Electress of Hanover (the mother of George I), and bar those who are Roman Catholics or who have married Roman Catholics. The descendants of those who are debarred for being or marrying Roman Catholics, however, may still be eligible to succeed. By convention iterated in the preamble to the Statute of Westminster 1931, the line of succession cannot be altered in any realm without the assent of the parliaments of the other","title":"Succession to the Crown Act 2015"},{"psg_id":"2950113","text":"aircraft that do not file a flight plan and do not have their transponders switched on. Minister for Defence Simon Coveney said the increased surveillance capability would give better coverage of the Atlantic airspace over which the IAA has responsibility for civil and military aircraft. Irish Aviation Authority The Irish Aviation Authority (IAA) () is a commercial semi-state company in Ireland responsible for the regulation of safety aspects of air travel. It is also responsible for providing air traffic control services to Ireland's three main airports, namely Dublin, Shannon and Cork. Its head office is in The Times Building in","title":"Irish Aviation Authority"},{"psg_id":"15116924","text":"begin two groups to do as Newman suggests Podesta wrote back to note that they had created groups like Catholics in Alliance for the Common Good and Catholics United to push for a more progressive approach to the faith, change would \"have to be bottom up.\" Raymond Arroyo responded to the much publicized Podesta e-mails, that he thought; \"It makes it seem like you're creating organizations to change the core beliefs of the church,\" he said. \"For someone to come and say, 'I have a political organization to change your church to complete my political agenda or advance my agenda,'","title":"Catholics United"},{"psg_id":"13651608","text":"began sending their children to neighbouring cities such as Bombay, Poona and Belgaum. Employment opportunities also arose in Karachi, Pakistan. Goan Catholics under the British Empire Goan Catholics are Roman Catholics from Goa, a state on the western coast of India. They are Konkani people and speak the Konkani language. They were converted by the Portuguese from 1560 onwards. Goa was a Portuguese colony and subsequently a territory from 1510–1962. While most Goan Catholics remained in Goa, some did not accept the leadership of the Portuguese and emigrated to many British colonies of India. Goans first worked for the British","title":"Goan Catholics under the British Empire"},{"psg_id":"11800522","text":"Un roman d'amitié (Friend You Give Me a Reason) \"Un Roman d'amitié (Friend You Give Me a Reason)\" is a 1988 song recorded by the French artist Elsa Lunghini and the American artist Glenn Medeiros. The song was released as a single in the summer of 1988 and features on the self-titled LP \"Elsa\". In 1988, Elsa was invited to a French TV programme to perform her second single, \"Quelque chose dans mon cœur\". Jean-Pierre Foucault, the host of the show, made her the surprise to invite Glenn Medeiros of whom Elsa was a fan. The two singers got on","title":"Un roman d'amitié (Friend You Give Me a Reason)"},{"psg_id":"7992698","text":"East, the Mangalore Cultural Association (MCA) in Doha, Qatar; was established on March 2008. Mangalorean Catholics Mangalorean Catholics (Konkani: \"Kodialchein Katholik\") are an ethno-religious community of Catholics following the Latin Rite from the Mangalore Diocese (erstwhile \"South Canara\" district) on the southwestern coast of Karnataka, India. They are Konkani people and speak the Konkani language. Contemporary Mangalorean Catholics are descended mainly from Goan Catholics who migrated to South Canara between 1560 and 1763, throughout the course of the Goa Inquisition, Portuguese–Adil Shahi wars, and the Portuguese–Maratha wars. They learned the languages of South Canara, Tulu, and Kannada, but retained Konkani","title":"Mangalorean Catholics"},{"psg_id":"20771999","text":"that outreach and welcoming needs to also extend to those who do have sexual relationships. The Global Network of Rainbow Catholics, an organization of 13 different groups ministering to LGBT Catholics, met for the first time at the 2014 Synod on the Family. They held an event in Rome titled \"LGBT Voices to the Synod\" at the 2015 Synod on the family. At the close of the Synod they said that they were hopeful and felt it was the \"beginning of a new era of inclusive pastoral care for and with LGBT people and their families.\" In their statement the","title":"Pastoral care for gay Catholics"},{"psg_id":"13651606","text":"Goan Catholics under the British Empire Goan Catholics are Roman Catholics from Goa, a state on the western coast of India. They are Konkani people and speak the Konkani language. They were converted by the Portuguese from 1560 onwards. Goa was a Portuguese colony and subsequently a territory from 1510–1962. While most Goan Catholics remained in Goa, some did not accept the leadership of the Portuguese and emigrated to many British colonies of India. Goans first worked for the British in 1779 at the time of the French Revolution, when the naval fleet of the British India Government was stationed","title":"Goan Catholics under the British Empire"},{"psg_id":"11800525","text":"France. It debuted at number eight on French Singles Chart on 23 July 1988 and reached number two two weeks later. There it stayed for six weeks, behind the summer hit \"Nuit de folie\" by Début de Soirée, but managed then to top the chart for six consecutive weeks. Certified Gold disc by the SNEP for a minimum of 500,000 copies sold, the single remained on the chart (Top 50) for 25 weeks. The song is the 167th best-selling single of all time in France. Un roman d'amitié (Friend You Give Me a Reason) \"Un Roman d'amitié (Friend You Give","title":"Un roman d'amitié (Friend You Give Me a Reason)"},{"psg_id":"7956668","text":"Latin Catholics in their retention of certain Jewish holidays. Hebrew Catholics may celebrate Passover, Rosh Hashana, Shavuot, etc. and even wear traditional ritual wear like \"kippot\", \"tallitot\", \"tefillin\", use \"mezuzot\" and keep many \"mitsvot\" (commandments) in the Torah as a sign of their heritage. Where these Jewish holidays and practices do not conflict with Catholic doctrine, they are kept for ethnic reasons, much as Irish Americans might celebrate Saint Patrick's Day as a major feast day regardless of the diocese they reside in. Saint Paul the Apostle is mentioned in passing in The Acts of the Apostles to have observed","title":"Hebrew Catholics"},{"psg_id":"7992609","text":"Mangalorean Catholics Mangalorean Catholics (Konkani: \"Kodialchein Katholik\") are an ethno-religious community of Catholics following the Latin Rite from the Mangalore Diocese (erstwhile \"South Canara\" district) on the southwestern coast of Karnataka, India. They are Konkani people and speak the Konkani language. Contemporary Mangalorean Catholics are descended mainly from Goan Catholics who migrated to South Canara between 1560 and 1763, throughout the course of the Goa Inquisition, Portuguese–Adil Shahi wars, and the Portuguese–Maratha wars. They learned the languages of South Canara, Tulu, and Kannada, but retained Konkani as their mother tongue and preserved their lifestyle. Their 15-year captivity at Seringapatam imposed","title":"Mangalorean Catholics"},{"psg_id":"11900129","text":"Roman Catholic Diocese of Coxim The Roman Catholic Diocese of Coxim () is a Latin Rite suffragan diocese in the Ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Campo Grande in Mato Grosso do Sul state, southwestern inland Brazil. Its cathedral episcopal see is Catedral São José, dedicated to Saint Joseph, in the city of Coxim. As per 2014, it pastorally served 110,000 Catholics (78.0% of 141,000 total) on 45,000 km² (the municipalities Coxim, Alcinópolis, Camapuã, Costa Rica, Figueirão, Pedro Gomes, Rio Negro, Rio Verde de Mato Grosso, São Gabriel do Oeste and Sonora) in 14 parishes with 17 priests (15","title":"Roman Catholic Diocese of Coxim"},{"psg_id":"15701226","text":"Roman villa of Vale do Mouro The Roman villa of Vale do Mouro () is a Roman settlement situated in the civil parish in the municipality of Meda, excavated since the early 21st century by archaeologists. The settlement was already occupied back in the 3rd century, and may have antecedence from the Neolithic, from the discovery of silica and fragments of quartz. Sometime between the 3rd and 4th century the Roman mosaics (discovered during the excavations) were executed. The first excavations began in 2000, with later work in 2003 discovering a baths complex, with tiled patio with figurative elements, spear","title":"Roman villa of Vale do Mouro"},{"psg_id":"20771973","text":"\"exclusionary language\" towards gays was a topic of discussion. One Synod member, who was not publicly identified, said that gay Catholics \"are our children. They are family members. They are not outsiders. They are our flesh and blood. How do we speak about them [positively] and offer a hand of welcome?\" According to Archbishop Mark Coleridge of Australia, there was strong support in the early days of the assembly for using a \"less condemnatory approach,\" especially regarding language, when pastorally caring for and speaking about gay Catholics, on the order of 70% in favor and 30% opposed. Archbishop Charles Chaput","title":"Pastoral care for gay Catholics"},{"psg_id":"6518088","text":"Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops has twice (in 2002 and 2010) reiterated that Catholics for a Free Choice: \"1) is not Catholic and 2) does not represent the teachings or views of the Catholic Church.\" In 2003, the official newspaper of the Archdiocese of Mexico rejected any connection with Catholics for a Free Choice and clarified that the group is not part of the Roman Catholic Church because of its support for the legalization of abortion, among other things. Helen M. Alvaré, an associate professor of law at the Catholic University of America, has asserted that CFC has \"no grass-roots","title":"Catholics for Choice"},{"psg_id":"12059782","text":"Acts of Roman Congregations The Acts of Roman Congregations is a term of the canon law of the Roman Catholic Church, used to designate the documents (called also decrees) issued by the Roman Congregations, in virtue of powers conferred on them by the Roman Pontiff. In virtue of their governing and executive powers, the Congregations grant privileges and dispensations from ecclesiastical laws, or issue ordinances to safeguard their observance; in virtue of their power of interpreting laws, they give authentic declarations; in virtue of their judicial power they give decisions between contending parties. All these powers, however, do not belong","title":"Acts of Roman Congregations"},{"psg_id":"321832","text":"11 November 2004, Rawhi Fattouh, leader of the Palestinian Legislative Council became Acting President of the Palestinian Authority as provided for in Article 54(2) of the Authority's Basic Law and Palestinian Elections Law. On 19 April 2005, Vladimir Putin the president of Russia agreed to aid the Palestinian Authority stating, \"We support the efforts of President Abbas to reform the security services and fight against terrorism [...] If we are waiting for President Abbas to fight terrorism, he cannot do it with the resources he has now. [...] We will give the Palestinian Authority technical help by sending equipment, training","title":"Palestinian National Authority"},{"psg_id":"17407785","text":"Earning to give Earning to give involves deliberately pursuing a high-earning career for the purpose of donating a significant portion of earned income, typically because of a belief in effective altruism. Advocates of earning to give sometimes suggest that maximizing the amount one can donate to charity is an important consideration for individuals when deciding what career to pursue, even if the individual has less intrinsic interest in high-earning careers. In the 1996 book \"Living High and Letting Die\", the philosopher Peter Unger wrote that it was morally praiseworthy and perhaps even morally required for people in academia who could","title":"Earning to give"},{"psg_id":"15116922","text":"of Catholic Bishops as a whole. Catholics United has condemned bishops who deny Communion to politicians who support legal abortion. It describes this as \"a shameful attempt to use the Catholic sacrament of Communion as a political weapon.\" In March 2010, former director Chris Korzen appeared on CNN to challenge the Archdiocese of Washington, DC's protest of a law requiring employers to grant benefits to same-sex partners. In May 2010, Catholics United criticized a Boston-area Catholic school's decision to deny admission to the child of a lesbian couple. Catholics United has aimed criticism at the Church for its opposition to","title":"Catholics United"},{"psg_id":"7992638","text":"and recaptured Mangalore fort. After the conquest, Hyder was informed that the Mangalorean Catholics had helped the British in their conquest of Mangalore. Hyder believed that this behaviour of the Christians amounted to treachery against the sovereign. The Christians were alleged to have helped General Mathews with a sum of Rs. 3,30,000/-. Hyder summoned a Portuguese officer and several Christian priests from Mangalore to suggest the punishment for the Mangalorean Catholics for treachery. The Portuguese officer suggested the death penalty for those Catholics who helped the British, because it was a fitting punishment for people who betrayed the sovereign. But","title":"Mangalorean Catholics"},{"psg_id":"20772003","text":"to speak, after pressure from conservative Catholics who threatened to withhold funding. Robert McElroy, the Bishop of San Diego, rallied to support Martin and criticized those who had tried to vilify him and distort his writings. Nevertheless, Martin was subsequently invited to give a keynote address at the Vatican-sponsored World Meeting of Families held in Dublin in summer 2018. The Marianist Social Justice Collaborative publishes \"Addressing LGBT Issues: A Resource for Educators.\" It states that, \"As members of the Marianist Family, who are part of the larger Body of Christ, we are called to attentiveness and concern for the growth,","title":"Pastoral care for gay Catholics"},{"psg_id":"7956669","text":"the Jewish religious holidays (; ; ; and in ). The movement is neither a sectarian group within the Catholic Church nor a schismatic movement outside it. Hebrew Catholics are constituted of people with both Jewish and non-Jewish origins. Some are Jewish converts to Catholicism who live in Israel with Hebrew as a first language; the vast majority are the children of foreign workers who were already Catholics, but were born and grew up in Israel, and also have Hebrew as their first language. The main associations of the movement are the Association of Hebrew Catholics (AHC), Remnant Of Israel","title":"Hebrew Catholics"},{"psg_id":"6518069","text":"Catholics for Choice Catholics for Choice (CFC) is a pro-choice dissenting Catholic advocacy group based in Washington, D.C. Formed in 1973 as Catholics for a Free Choice, CFC states that its mission is \"to serve as a voice for Catholics who believe that the Catholic tradition supports a woman's moral and legal right to follow her conscience in matters of sexuality and reproductive health.\" The group gained some notice and status after its 1984 advertisement in \"The New York Times\" challenging Church teaching on abortion led to Church disciplinary pressure against some of the priests and nuns who signed it.","title":"Catholics for Choice"},{"psg_id":"12334033","text":"Roman Catholic Diocese of Baucau The Roman Catholic Diocese of Baucau () is a diocese located in the city of Baucau in Timor-Leste. When the diocese was started there were only 21 priests plus a number of nuns from several religious congregations to serve about 200,000 Catholics. In 2018 there were 150 young men from Baucau Diocese studying in seminaries. Bishops of Baucau (Roman rite) Bishop Basilio do Nascimento launched Radio Fini Lorosae (eastern future radio), the new radio station set up by Baucau diocese, on March 20, 2006 following a Mass held at St. Anthony Cathedral to mark the","title":"Roman Catholic Diocese of Baucau"},{"psg_id":"13117591","text":"Council of Trent and has never lifted that condemnation (anathema). Further they argue that it 'attacks the very foundation of absolute truth' by concessions to relativism and post-modernism, belying its profession of joint commitment to the Gospel, thus rendering that Gospel moot. They claim, 'It falls lock-step into line with our culture’s minimalist approach to truth issues'. Evangelicals and Catholics Together Evangelicals and Catholics Together is a 1994 ecumenical document signed by leading Evangelical and Roman Catholic scholars in the United States. The co-signers of the document were Charles Colson and Richard John Neuhaus, representing each side of the discussions.","title":"Evangelicals and Catholics Together"},{"psg_id":"12404214","text":"and mid-18th centuries, forming a new Mangalorean Catholic identity, and the subsequent growth and development of the community. Several centuries of living in South Canara gave these Catholics an identity of their own. The Roman Catholics from Goa migrated to Mangalore in three major waves, the first after 1560, the second after 1570, and the third in about 1683. The first wave of migrants left due to the Goa Inquisition of 1560. The second and third waves left Goa because of famines, epidemics, and political upheavals such as the Portuguese–Maratha wars. During Hyder Ali's regime, the community had flourished. Soon","title":"History of Mangalorean Catholics"},{"psg_id":"12334036","text":"In 2014, the clinic cared for more than 7,300 patients focusing on the care of mothers and babies. Roman Catholic Diocese of Baucau The Roman Catholic Diocese of Baucau () is a diocese located in the city of Baucau in Timor-Leste. When the diocese was started there were only 21 priests plus a number of nuns from several religious congregations to serve about 200,000 Catholics. In 2018 there were 150 young men from Baucau Diocese studying in seminaries. Bishops of Baucau (Roman rite) Bishop Basilio do Nascimento launched Radio Fini Lorosae (eastern future radio), the new radio station set up","title":"Roman Catholic Diocese of Baucau"},{"psg_id":"10483789","text":"he was quoted as saying: Some Chaldean Catholics espouse a Chaldean ethnic identity and regard Chaldeans as a nation of its own. Some claim descent from the ancient Chaldeans/Chaldees, who resided in the far south east of Mesopotamia, however, the scholary consensus remains that modern Chaldean Catholics constitute part of the Assyrian continuity rather than being descendants of the ancient Chaldeans. The first political movement of Chaldean Catholics was founded in 1972 in Iraq and named the Chaldean Patriot Movement, after the Baathist regime in Iraq killed many Chaldean Catholics in the Soria village in the Dohuk province, but then","title":"Chaldean Catholics"},{"psg_id":"12434005","text":"to his office to discuss selling out. There he meets the board of directors, the four charwomen, and realises how they obtained their information. The Colonel invites him to lunch to discuss Ryder joining the board. (After they all leave, an unknown man enters the room and starts going through their waste paper.) \"Ladies Who Do\" was released on DVD in the UK on 24 March 2008. Ladies Who Do Ladies Who Do is a 1963 British comedy film starring Peggy Mount, Robert Morley and Harry H. Corbett. Mrs. Cragg (Peggy Mount) works as a charwoman (part-time domestic servant) for","title":"Ladies Who Do"},{"psg_id":"19943335","text":"Ordinariate for Eastern Catholics in France The Ordinariate for Eastern (Rite) Catholics in France (or France of the Eastern Rite) (French: \"Ordinariat des catholiques de rite oriental résidant en France\") is a Catholic Ordinariate for Eastern Catholic faithful (pseudo-diocesan jurisdiction within a Latin rite territory), jointly for Eastern Catholics in various rites and languages of particular churches \"sui iuris\" without proper jurisdiction there. It is exempt, i.e. immediately subject to the Holy See, and depends directly on its Roman Congregation for the Oriental Churches. Since 1922 existed in the archdiocese of Paris a diocesan administration for the strangers, which was","title":"Ordinariate for Eastern Catholics in France"},{"psg_id":"17666676","text":"for a match at WrestleMania 31, which Triple H accepted. The following night on \"Raw\", The Authority attempted to persuade a returning Orton to rejoin them following his attack of Authority personnel, though Orton did not give a direct answer until the group met up backstage. Orton agreed to rejoin the stable, and he and Rollins were subsequently booked in a tag team match for later that night against Daniel Bryan and Roman Reigns. The loss Orton and Rollins suffered in the match further exacerbated tension between the two. The tension finally reached a head a few weeks later when","title":"The Authority (professional wrestling)"},{"psg_id":"10034958","text":"effectively and safely manage patients' care (while exposing any patient to undue risk). Some psychologists opposing prescriptive authority fear caseload pressures that might press increasing numbers of psychologists to respond to patients' needs via only one treatment modality (pharmacology), as do many psychiatrists. Prescriptive authority for psychologists movement The Prescriptive authority for psychologists (RxP) movement is a movement among certain psychologists to give prescriptive authority to psychologists with 2 years of postdoctoral training, or Continuing Education training in clinical psychopharmacology and related sciences, followed by 1 – 2 years of supervised prescribing, or a Certificate from the Department of Defense","title":"Prescriptive authority for psychologists movement"},{"psg_id":"5553465","text":"Roman Catholic Diocese of Jeonju The Roman Catholic Diocese of Jeonju () is a suffragan diocese of the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church in the ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Gwangju, South Korea, yet depends on the missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples. Its episcopal see is Joongang Cathedral of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, in Jeonju 전주시, Jeollabuk-do 전라북도 It also has a former cathedral, now Jeondong Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, in Jeonju. As per 2014, it pastorally served 190,465 Catholics (10.2% of 1,872,965 total) on 8,066 km² in 93 parishes","title":"Roman Catholic Diocese of Jeonju"},{"psg_id":"3534431","text":"well as Spanish. Catechism for Filipino Catholics The Catechism for Filipino Catholics, or CFC, is a contextualized and inculturated Roman Catholic catechism for Filipinos prepared by the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines (CBCP) and approved by the Holy See. The draft was produced by the CBCP's \"Episcopal Commission on Catechesis and Catholic Education.\" It is considered the present-day successor of the early 16th century \"Doctrina Christiana\", the first published book in what is now the Philippines. The \"Doctrina Christiana\" was written in Tagalog, in both \"abecedario\" (the newly developed Latinised orthography) and the indigenous Baybayin script commonly used at","title":"Catechism for Filipino Catholics"},{"psg_id":"3534430","text":"Catechism for Filipino Catholics The Catechism for Filipino Catholics, or CFC, is a contextualized and inculturated Roman Catholic catechism for Filipinos prepared by the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines (CBCP) and approved by the Holy See. The draft was produced by the CBCP's \"Episcopal Commission on Catechesis and Catholic Education.\" It is considered the present-day successor of the early 16th century \"Doctrina Christiana\", the first published book in what is now the Philippines. The \"Doctrina Christiana\" was written in Tagalog, in both \"abecedario\" (the newly developed Latinised orthography) and the indigenous Baybayin script commonly used at the time, as","title":"Catechism for Filipino Catholics"},{"psg_id":"13117588","text":"Evangelicals and Catholics Together Evangelicals and Catholics Together is a 1994 ecumenical document signed by leading Evangelical and Roman Catholic scholars in the United States. The co-signers of the document were Charles Colson and Richard John Neuhaus, representing each side of the discussions. It was part of a larger ecumenical rapprochement in the United States that had begun in the 1970s with Catholic-Evangelical collaboration during the Gerald R. Ford Administration and in later para-church organizations such as Moral Majority founded by the Rev. Jerry Fawell at the urging of Francis Schaeffer and his son Frank Schaeffer during the Jimmy Carter","title":"Evangelicals and Catholics Together"},{"psg_id":"12404173","text":"Catholics\" (2000), and \"The Mangalorean Catholic Community — A Professional History / Directory\" (2002). In 2000, the Diocese of Mangalore released the first Konkani Bible in Kannada script, which was made available online on 26 July 2007. Roman Catholic traditions include the \"Sakrament\" (Seven Sacraments) and include \"Povitr-Snan\" (Baptism), \"Thiravnni\" (Confirmation), \"Krist-Prasad\" (Eucharist), \"Prachit\" (Penance), \"Piddestanchi Makhnni\" (Anointing of the Sick), \"Iazokanchi Sonskornni\" (Holy Orders) and \"Logn\" (Matrimony). Mangalorean Catholics have retained many Indian customs and traditions and reveal their existence especially during the celebration of a marriage. Their culture is more traditional and Indian. Though the Portuguese traded quite","title":"Culture of Mangalorean Catholics"},{"psg_id":"19939654","text":"him in the mission worked Russian priests George Kovalenko, Alexander Kulik, Nikolai Alexseev, Vsevolod Roshko and laymen M.V. Rozanov and A. Stavrovsky. (all Roman Rite) Ordinariate for Eastern Catholics in Argentina The Ordinariate for Eastern (Rites) Catholics in Argentina or Argentina of the Eastern Rite (Spanish Ordinariato para los fieles de ritos orientales en Argentina) is a Catholic Ordinariate for Eastern Catholic faithful (pseudo-diocesan jurisdiction within a Latin territory), jointly for all Eastern Catholics, regardless of rite, living in Argentina. On August 27, 1897, a first community of faithful of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church established itself in Apóstoles, in","title":"Ordinariate for Eastern Catholics in Argentina"},{"psg_id":"7992664","text":"Goud Saraswat Brahmin surnames, with the exception of Shet, which is used by a few who trace their origins to the Daivadnya Brahmins of Goa. These ancestral pre-conversion surnames of the Mangalorean Catholics are called \"paik\" in Konkani. To capture their tradition, many have reverted to their \"paik\" surnames, or use hyphenated names consisting of their post-conversion surnames in conjunction with their ancestral ones. Mudartha is a unique Mangalorean Catholic surname to be found among some Catholics that hail from Udupi. Mangalorean Catholics speak the Konkani language, which they have retained as their mother tongue despite the migration; the language","title":"Mangalorean Catholics"},{"psg_id":"9945521","text":"on 4 September 1940. It is based in the capital, Luanda. Since the death of Archbishop Damião António Franklin, the 21st man to hold that position, on 28 April 2014, the seat is occupied by Filomeno do Nascimento Vieira Dias. As of 2004, The archdiocese was home to approximately 4.84 million people, approximately 3.06 million of them being Roman Catholic (63.1%). There are approximately 150 priests serving the over 3 million Catholics. Bishops of São Paulo de Loanda/ Angola e Congo ( 1596 - 1940 ) Archbishops of Luanda (1940 - Today ) Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Luanda The Archdiocese","title":"Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Luanda"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12068851\",\n \"text\": \"sisters) and 15 seminarians. Roman Catholic Diocese of Caxias do Maranhão The Roman Catholic Diocese of Caxias do Maranhão () is a suffragan Latin diocese in the Ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan of São Luís do Maranhão in northeastern Brazil. Its cathedral episcopal see is Catedral de Nossa Senhora dos Remédios, dedicated to the Virgin of Los Remedios, in the city of Caxias (do Maranhão), in Maranhão state. As per 2015, it pastorally served 825,000 Catholics (96.9% of 851,000 total) on 34,449 km² in 23 parishes and 135 missions with 25 priests (23 diocesan, 2 religious), 14 deacons, 48 lay\",\n \"title\": \"Roman Catholic Diocese of Caxias do Maranhão\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12068850\",\n \"text\": \"Roman Catholic Diocese of Caxias do Maranhão The Roman Catholic Diocese of Caxias do Maranhão () is a suffragan Latin diocese in the Ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan of São Luís do Maranhão in northeastern Brazil. Its cathedral episcopal see is Catedral de Nossa Senhora dos Remédios, dedicated to the Virgin of Los Remedios, in the city of Caxias (do Maranhão), in Maranhão state. As per 2015, it pastorally served 825,000 Catholics (96.9% of 851,000 total) on 34,449 km² in 23 parishes and 135 missions with 25 priests (23 diocesan, 2 religious), 14 deacons, 48 lay religious (6 brothers, 42\",\n \"title\": \"Roman Catholic Diocese of Caxias do Maranhão\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17530526\",\n \"text\": \"German Catholics’ Peace Association The German Catholics’ Peace Association (\\\"Friedensbund Deutscher Katholiken\\\") was a Catholic peace association founded in Weimar Germany in 1919 by Fr. Max Josef Metzger, a Roman Catholic priest. Metzger had served as military chaplain, in the German Imperial Army during World War I. Metzger became convinced that “future wars have lost their meaning, since they no longer give anybody the prospect of winning more than he loses.” At war's end, Metzger established the German Catholics’ Peace Association. He sought links to the international pacifist movement, strongly advocated the ecumenical idea of peace, and soon became known\",\n \"title\": \"German Catholics’ Peace Association\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17530528\",\n \"text\": \"foreign prisoners of war, Luckner was arrested in 1943 and only narrowly escaped death in the concentration camps. German Catholics’ Peace Association The German Catholics’ Peace Association (\\\"Friedensbund Deutscher Katholiken\\\") was a Catholic peace association founded in Weimar Germany in 1919 by Fr. Max Josef Metzger, a Roman Catholic priest. Metzger had served as military chaplain, in the German Imperial Army during World War I. Metzger became convinced that “future wars have lost their meaning, since they no longer give anybody the prospect of winning more than he loses.” At war's end, Metzger established the German Catholics’ Peace Association. He\",\n \"title\": \"German Catholics’ Peace Association\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13704052\",\n \"text\": \"this catechism that were not retained in the Post-Vatican II catechism published in 1992, like \\\"Roman Catholic Church\\\" that has not appeared in the \\\"Catechism of the Catholic Church\\\" since 1992. Some Eastern Catholics, while maintaining that they are in union with the Bishop of Rome, reject the description of themselves as being \\\"Roman Catholics\\\". Others, however, do call themselves Roman Catholics and \\\"Roman Catholic\\\" sometimes appears in the compound name of Eastern Catholic parish churches, e.g. \\\"St. Anthony's Maronite Roman Catholic Church\\\". Orthodox Christians sometimes use the term \\\"Uniate\\\" (occasionally spelled \\\"Uniat\\\") to describe the Eastern Catholic churches which\",\n \"title\": \"Roman Catholic (term)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12404213\",\n \"text\": \"History of Mangalorean Catholics The History of Mangalorean Catholics comprises three major eras. The first era consists of the Indo-Aryan inheritance from their ancestors, who once lived at the regions of the now extinct Saraswati River, and later migrated to Goa possibility due to the drying up of the river and/or Muslim invasion. The second era was the Lusitanian legacy, due to the conversion of their Hindu ancestors in Goa to Roman Catholicism by the Portuguese, and the final era being the migration of these Roman Catholics in Goa to Mangalore and other parts of South Canara between the mid-16th\",\n \"title\": \"History of Mangalorean Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8259838\",\n \"text\": \"two British MP's, Keith Vaz and Valerie Vaz. Roman Catholics who originate from the present state of Goa, a region on the west coast of India, and their descendants are generally referred to as Goan Catholics. After the Portuguese possession of Goa in 1510, the Portuguese consolidated their power by imposing their own government and cultural traditions some of which are still retained in Goa. Many pre-Portuguese Hindu (and some Islamic) traditions were adapted or retained by the Goan Catholics. This often includes the Hindu caste system although it is not widely practiced. Throughout the Portuguese Empire a large part\",\n \"title\": \"Goan Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7992628\",\n \"text\": \"the authority of the Padroado Archbishop in Goa versus those who supported de Castro. The Portuguese refused to recognise Bishop de Castro's appointment and vigorously opposed his activities. Archbishop Brandão's sudden death on 6 July 1678 further complicated matters, and the Cathedral chapter administering the Archdiocese of Goa following the vacancy created by his death, forbade the Canara Catholics from receiving the sacraments from the bishop or from priests appointed by him. In his turn, Bishop de Castro excommunicated those Catholics who were obedient to the Padroado authorities in Goa and their priests. In 1681, the Holy See appointed another\",\n \"title\": \"Mangalorean Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13704042\",\n \"text\": \"to them at all. Compared to the Roman Rite, the other Western liturgical rites have little following. Hence, the Vatican department that deals with forms of worship (including music) in the Western Church often issues documents that deal only with the Roman Rite. Some of the writers who draw a contrast between \\\"Roman Catholics\\\" and \\\"Eastern Catholics\\\" may perhaps be distinguishing Eastern Catholics not from Latin or Western Catholics in general, but only from those (the majority of Latin Catholics) who use the Roman liturgical rite. Adrian Fortescue explicitly made this distinction, saying that, just as \\\"Armenian Catholic\\\" is used\",\n \"title\": \"Roman Catholic (term)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17407788\",\n \"text\": \"We Can pledge. They may live frugally to donate more money. Financial careers are popular for those pursuing earning to give. David Brooks criticized the concept in his \\\"New York Times\\\" opinion column, arguing that, while altruists may start doing \\\"earning to give\\\" to realize their deepest commitments, their values may erode over time, becoming progressively less altruistic. In addition, Brooks objected to the view on which altruists should turn themselves \\\"into a machine for the redistribution of wealth.\\\" Peter Singer responded to these criticisms in his book \\\"The Most Good You Can Do\\\" by giving examples of people who\",\n \"title\": \"Earning to give\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9030387\",\n \"text\": \"an autonomous (\\\"sui iuris\\\") Church, since canon 27 of the \\\"Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches\\\" defines these Churches as under a hierarchy of their own and recognized as autonomous by the supreme authority of the Church. Until 1994, the annual publication \\\"Catholic Almanac\\\" used to list \\\"Georgian\\\" among the Byzantine Rites or autonomous particular Churches. This was corrected in 1995. Georgian Byzantine-Rite Catholics Georgian Byzantine Rite Catholics (Catholics of Georgian nationality or origin who are of Byzantine or \\\"Greek\\\" rite) are not now reported in published sources as existing. Towards the end of the 19th century, when almost\",\n \"title\": \"Georgian Byzantine-Rite Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8259857\",\n \"text\": \"them are Roman Catholics following the Latin Rite. Many Goan Catholics live in Mumbai and Bangalore. In the 1960s there were around 100,000 Goan Catholics in Bombay, of which 90,000 were in urban Bombay, and 10,000 in suburban Bombay. Other regions of India which have a small proportion of Goan Catholics are Delhi, Calcutta, Madras, Pune, Ahmednagar, Hyderabad, Nagpur, Nasik, and Ranchi. Goan Catholics are also found abroad, either as Non-resident Indian and Person of Indian Origin (NRIs), with some people born abroad. They are found in Arab states of the Persian Gulf in the Middle East, including Saudi Arabia,\",\n \"title\": \"Goan Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18513130\",\n \"text\": \"Disabilities (Catholics) Disabilities were legal restrictions and limitations placed on the Roman Catholics of England since the issuance of the Act of Supremacy in 1534. These disabilities were first sanctioned by the Penal Laws, enacted under the reigns of Henry VIII and Elizabeth I. They were followed by the Clarendon Code (1661–65) and the Test Act (1673). In spite of the promulgation of the Toleration Act (1689), that removed many civil disabilities, the Catholics still had to face limitations in respect of property rights, succession rights and education. Catholics also still had no right to assemble and pray. The oath\",\n \"title\": \"Disabilities (Catholics)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12404250\",\n \"text\": \"Events related to Mangalorean Catholics that took place in Mangalore, and made national headlines were the attacks on Christian churches in September 2008. Bibliography History of Mangalorean Catholics The History of Mangalorean Catholics comprises three major eras. The first era consists of the Indo-Aryan inheritance from their ancestors, who once lived at the regions of the now extinct Saraswati River, and later migrated to Goa possibility due to the drying up of the river and/or Muslim invasion. The second era was the Lusitanian legacy, due to the conversion of their Hindu ancestors in Goa to Roman Catholicism by the Portuguese,\",\n \"title\": \"History of Mangalorean Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5059649\",\n \"text\": \"German Catholics (sect) The German Catholics () were a schismatic sect formed in December 1844 by German dissidents from the Roman Catholic Church, under the leadership of Johannes Ronge. The movement originated in Breslau (now Wrocław). They were joined for a time by somewhat more conservative dissidents under the leadership of Johannes Czerski. This latter movement took the name of Christian Catholics and originated in Schneidemühl (now Piła). In the 15 October 1844 issue of the \\\"Sächsische Vaterlandsblätter\\\", Johannes Ronge, a Roman Catholic priest in Silesia, published a vigorous attack upon Wilhelm Arnoldi, bishop of Trier since 1842, for having\",\n \"title\": \"German Catholics (sect)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11897683\",\n \"text\": \"to reward Catholics for their long-continued peaceable behaviour, and for the purpose of allowing them to enjoy \\\"the blessings of our free constitution\\\". Distrust of them, however, continued, and though they subscribed money to equip the volunteers, they would not be admitted within the ranks. Nor was the Irish Parliament of 1782 willing to do more than to repeal the law compelling bishops to quit the kingdom, and the law binding those who had assisted at Mass to give the celebrant's name. Further, Catholics were no longer prohibited from owning a horse worth £5, and Catholic schools might be opened\",\n \"title\": \"Roman Catholic relief bills\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6518085\",\n \"text\": \"right to do the same.\\\" CFC is not a membership organization but an advocacy group. It relies upon paid employees and committed volunteer activists that it selectively recruits in various regions. In 2007, CFC had a budget of $3 million, increased from $2.5 million annually in the years leading up to 2003. It has been supported largely by secular foundations such as the Ford Foundation, John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, Rockefeller Foundation, and the Playboy Foundation. Catholics for Choice run an online magazine \\\"Conscience\\\". CFC and the Church hierarchy are moral and political opponents. For Roman Catholic officials,\",\n \"title\": \"Catholics for Choice\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7992656\",\n \"text\": \"2008. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Mangalore estimates the population of Mangalorean Catholics in the areas that comprise historical South Canara to be out of a total population of , or approximately 9.5 per cent of the population. Other regions of India having a significant proportion of Mangalorean Catholics, characterised by the presence of Mangalorean Catholic organisations or celebration of the unique Mangalorean Catholic \\\"Monti Fest\\\" festival, are Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Pune, Hyderabad, Chikkamagaluru, Hassan, and Ranchi. A few Mangalorean Catholics are found in Kodagu and Kerala, where there are tiny pockets concentrated in Thalassery, Kasargod, Kannur and\",\n \"title\": \"Mangalorean Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18513131\",\n \"text\": \"of abjuration required, swearing against the legitimacy of the Jacobite succession, was also counted as a disability, and remained in place until 1829. Disabilities (Catholics) Disabilities were legal restrictions and limitations placed on the Roman Catholics of England since the issuance of the Act of Supremacy in 1534. These disabilities were first sanctioned by the Penal Laws, enacted under the reigns of Henry VIII and Elizabeth I. They were followed by the Clarendon Code (1661–65) and the Test Act (1673). In spite of the promulgation of the Toleration Act (1689), that removed many civil disabilities, the Catholics still had to\",\n \"title\": \"Disabilities (Catholics)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18472227\",\n \"text\": \"co-star Sarah Hadland told \\\"The Sun\\\" that two Christmas specials will be filmed in November. Hart later announced that the two Christmas specials would be the end to the sitcom. Hart said the end was “going to be really emotional,” but added that she didn't want her sitcom character \\\"to keep falling over and making a fool of herself\\\". I Do, But To Who? \\\"I Do, But To Who?\\\" is the 2014 Christmas special and the nineteenth episode overall of the BBC sitcom, \\\"Miranda\\\". It was scheduled to be screened on 25 December 2014 and revealed the cliffhanger that was\",\n \"title\": \"I Do, But To Who?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5059660\",\n \"text\": \"in an exaggerated mysticism. Many of the congregations which were formed in 1844 and the years immediately following dissolved, including that of Schneidemühl itself, which ceased to exist in 1857. The majority of the German Catholics joined the national Protestant church. As of 1911, there were only about two thousand strict German Catholics, all in Saxony. The movement was superseded by the Old Catholic Church. German Catholics (sect) The German Catholics () were a schismatic sect formed in December 1844 by German dissidents from the Roman Catholic Church, under the leadership of Johannes Ronge. The movement originated in Breslau (now\",\n \"title\": \"German Catholics (sect)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18472226\",\n \"text\": \"I Do, But To Who? \\\"I Do, But To Who?\\\" is the 2014 Christmas special and the nineteenth episode overall of the BBC sitcom, \\\"Miranda\\\". It was scheduled to be screened on 25 December 2014 and revealed the cliffhanger that was left at the end of the last episode of series three. Due to the cliffhanger at the end of the third series, it was suspected that \\\"Miranda\\\" would return for a fourth series. However, in July 2014, Hart announced that there are no plans for a fourth series but 'a couple of specials' would be made. In September 2014,\",\n \"title\": \"I Do, But To Who?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7591821\",\n \"text\": \"the Missions and the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul Only variations from the General Roman Calendar for celebrations according to the Roman Rite are given here. The various Eastern Catholic Churches have completely different liturgical calendars, as do Latin Rite Catholics who use the Ambrosian and Mozarabic Rites. According to the national calendar of Argentina, as requested by the Argentine Episcopal Conference (CEA) and approved by the Holy See: See Liturgy Brisbane The Episcopal Conferences of Austria, Germany, and Switzerland share one regional proper calendar, although each country remains free to insert additional celebrations (Austria, for example,\",\n \"title\": \"General Roman Calendar\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17411181\",\n \"text\": \"Give Give Give \\\"Give Give Give\\\" is a 1986 charity single recorded by Dance Aid, a supergroup of British soul artists. This was done to support multiple sclerosis research. The remake of this project charted at #85 in the UK Singles Charts. The late British DJ and personality Steve Walsh was influenced with Band Aid's \\\"Do They Know It's Christmas?\\\" and USA for Africa's \\\"We Are the World\\\", for those hits became a very fashionable vehicle of raising money and awareness. Walsh made talks with Steve McIntosh of The Cool Notes about creating a charity supergroup to make a similar\",\n \"title\": \"Give Give Give\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17411183\",\n \"text\": \"also took part. The first version was released in the autumn of 1986 under the name Disco Aid, but the project did not do as well as everyone involved had wished for. In 1987, the project was re-recorded & re-produced with the help of British top producers Stock Aitken Waterman. This time it was released under the act name Dance Aid. Participants included Sinitta, Ruby Turner and Pepsi & Shirlie. The project has received more attention, and managed to chart at #85 in the UK Singles Charts. 12\\\" Vinyl 7\\\" Vinyl Give Give Give \\\"Give Give Give\\\" is a 1986\",\n \"title\": \"Give Give Give\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16911337\",\n \"text\": \"Association of Catholics in Ireland The Association of Catholics in Ireland (ACI) is a voluntary association of Roman Catholic laity in Ireland. The association was established in November 2012 with the objective of pursuing a reform and renewal agenda in the Irish Catholic Church based on the pastoral teachings of the Second Vatican Council. The Association is organised on an all-island basis and membership is open to all who share its objectives. The views of the association may be contrasted with those who support Traditionalist Catholic positions. At a meeting held in the Regency Hotel, Drumcondra on 10 November 2012,\",\n \"title\": \"Association of Catholics in Ireland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"344303\",\n \"text\": \"as central to Roman identity. There was no principle analogous to \\\"separation of church and state\\\". The priesthoods of the state religion were filled from the same social pool of men who held public office, and in the Imperial era, the Pontifex Maximus was the emperor. Roman religion was practical and contractual, based on the principle of \\\"do ut des\\\", \\\"I give that you might give.\\\" Religion depended on knowledge and the correct practice of prayer, ritual, and sacrifice, not on faith or dogma, although Latin literature preserves learned speculation on the nature of the divine and its relation to\",\n \"title\": \"Roman Empire\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14258763\",\n \"text\": \"Roman Catholic Diocese of Maliana The Roman Catholic Diocese of Maliana is a Diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in East Timor. The diocese includes the administrative region of Maliana in districts of Liquica, Bobonaro, and Cova–Lima and 16 sub–districts. On 30 January 2010 the Vatican erected a third diocese in East Timor. Fr. Norberto do Amaral was nominated the first bishop of the newly created Diocese of Maliana. The Diocese is formed of 10 parishes serving just over 200,000 Catholics, who represent more than 98% of the area's population. Six diocesan and 25 non-diocesan priests, along with 108 religious\",\n \"title\": \"Roman Catholic Diocese of Maliana\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8259887\",\n \"text\": \"due to Portuguese prosecution, and the songs now live in the form of archives. The few which still prevail are recited to this day at weddings, expressing lofty sentiments that give vent to the feelings of the people about the marriage partners and their families and invoke the blessing of God on them like machlies. Goan Catholics have also played an important role in Bollywood music. (See Goans in Hindi film music composition) \\\"Goenkaranchi Ekvot\\\" is a registered organisation of Goan Catholics residing in Delhi. In Bangalore, associations such as the Karnataka Goan Association serve the community. The Kuwait Konknni\",\n \"title\": \"Goan Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8439624\",\n \"text\": \"song is written in the key of E minor. Jackson's vocal spans from G3 to B4. It has a moderately slow tempo of 87 beats per minute. \\\"Give In to Me\\\" received positive reviews from contemporary music critics. \\\"Entertainment Weekly\\\" editor David Browne praised Jackson's delivery, writing, \\\"when his voice isn't competing with drum machines, it's menacing on the creepy \\\"Give In to Me\\\" (his best-ever shot at hard rock).\\\" Alan Light of \\\"Rolling Stone\\\" reviewed the song: \\\"Give In to Me\\\" flirts with something more disturbing as Jackson sings, \\\"Don't try to understand me/Just simply do the things I\",\n \"title\": \"Give In to Me\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10587868\",\n \"text\": \"diocesan, 6 religious), 34 lay religious (10 brothers, 24 sisters) and 33 seminarians . Roman Catholic Diocese of Berbérati The Roman Catholic Diocese of Berbérati () is a Latin suffragan diocese in the Ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Archbishop of Bangui, both in the Central African Republic. However it remains under the authority of the missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples. Its episcopal see is the cathedral in Berbérati, in the Mambéré-Kadéï Prefecture (southwest, formerly Haute-Sangha). The city also has the former cathedral dedicated to Saint Anna. As per 2014, it pastorally served 214,000 Catholics (48.3% of 443,000\",\n \"title\": \"Roman Catholic Diocese of Berbérati\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10587867\",\n \"text\": \"Roman Catholic Diocese of Berbérati The Roman Catholic Diocese of Berbérati () is a Latin suffragan diocese in the Ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Archbishop of Bangui, both in the Central African Republic. However it remains under the authority of the missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples. Its episcopal see is the cathedral in Berbérati, in the Mambéré-Kadéï Prefecture (southwest, formerly Haute-Sangha). The city also has the former cathedral dedicated to Saint Anna. As per 2014, it pastorally served 214,000 Catholics (48.3% of 443,000 total) on 44,000 km² in 16 parishes and 7 missions, with 30 priests (24\",\n \"title\": \"Roman Catholic Diocese of Berbérati\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17331221\",\n \"text\": \"statement, a group of American bishops released a statement encouraging Catholics to, \\\"guard against all forms of racial bigotry.\\\" Inspired by the statement of the bishops, the Committee of Catholics to Fight Anti-Semitism was formed in May 1939 by Dorothy Day, Catherine Doherty, other supporters of the Catholic Worker Movement, and Emmanuel Chapman, professor at Fordham University, who was its first executive secretary. Also included among the founders were artists, philosophers, writers and, according to Day, \\\"a long list of priests and nuns.\\\" In August 1939 the group changed its name to the Committee of Catholics for Human Rights. The\",\n \"title\": \"Committee of Catholics to Fight Anti-Semitism\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7992611\",\n \"text\": \"but retained many of their Goan customs and traditions, and like their Goan ancestors, modern Mangalorean Catholic culture can be best described as an increasingly Anglicised Indo-Latin culture. The Mangalorean Catholic diaspora is mostly concentrated in the Arab states of the Persian Gulf and the English-speaking world. The Roman Catholics from the Mangalore Diocese and the newly formed Udupi Diocese (erstwhile \\\"South Canara\\\" district) and their descendents are generally known as Mangalorean Catholics. The diocese is located on the southwestern coast of India. It comprises the civil districts of Dakshina Kannada and Udupi in Karnataka state, and Kasaragod in Kerala\",\n \"title\": \"Mangalorean Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11643941\",\n \"text\": \"Italy, and it was prohibited to use names with references to the Axis Powers. Later, the original name of the town returned. According to the Brazilian Census of 2000, Nova Roma do Sul is the town with the highest percentage of self-reported Roman Catholics in the country. In the Census, the entire population reported to follow Catholicism. Nova Roma do Sul Nova Roma do Sul (a Portuguese name meaning New Rome of the South) is a municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It had a population of 3,690 persons, as of 2008. It was first settled\",\n \"title\": \"Nova Roma do Sul\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3544788\",\n \"text\": \"barred those who marry Roman Catholics. Since the passage of the Act it has been determined (in the case of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent) that an individual is not barred because his or her spouse later converts to Roman Catholicism after their marriage. The Succession to the Crown Act 2013 removed the ban on individuals married to Roman Catholics, though not on Roman Catholics themselves. Under the Treason Act 1702 and the Treason (Ireland) Act 1703, it is treason to \\\"endeavour to deprive or hinder any person who shall be the next in succession to the crown ... from\",\n \"title\": \"Succession to the British throne\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13704022\",\n \"text\": \"English parliament routinely used the term Roman Catholic and referred to the \\\"Holy Roman Catholic and Apostolic Church\\\". In the United States, the use of \\\"Roman Catholic\\\", as well as the number of Roman Catholics, began to grow only in the early 19th century. In 1790 there were only 100 Roman Catholics in New York and some 30,000 in the whole country, with only 29 priests. As the number of Roman Catholics in the United States grew rapidly from 150,000 to 1.7 million between 1815 and 1850—mostly by way of immigration from Ireland and the German Confederation—many clergy followed to\",\n \"title\": \"Roman Catholic (term)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8259870\",\n \"text\": \"da Cunha's \\\"The Magic of Maya\\\". On 4 June 2006 the Archdiocese of Goa and Daman released the first Konkani Bible in Roman script. Minority of Goans of Luso-Indian descent speak Daman and Diu Portuguese. Goan Catholics have retained many Indian customs and traditions. \\\"Ros\\\" (anointing) ceremony, held one or two days before a wedding, involves the parents, relatives, and friends blessing the bride and groom, who are anointed with \\\"ros\\\", a mixture of coconut juice and coconut oil. Later, it is followed by the \\\"Resper\\\" (Nuptial Blessing in Church) and finally the \\\"Kazar\\\" (wedding) and \\\"Vor\\\" (wedding party). The\",\n \"title\": \"Goan Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13704037\",\n \"text\": \"refer to Western (i.e. Latin) Catholics, excluding Eastern Catholics. An example is the statement in the book \\\"When other Christians become Catholic\\\": \\\"...the individual becomes Eastern Catholic, not Roman Catholic.\\\" Similarly the \\\"Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth\\\" states that \\\"...not all Catholics are Roman Catholics and there are other Catholic Churches,\\\" using the term \\\"Roman Catholic\\\" to refer to Western Church members alone. The same distinction is made by some writers belonging to Eastern Catholic Churches. That this view is not the only one, not alone at the level of the Holy See and in reference books such as John\",\n \"title\": \"Roman Catholic (term)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6518077\",\n \"text\": \"York Times\\\". The advertisement, entitled \\\"A Catholic Statement on Pluralism and Abortion\\\", stated that \\\"direct abortion ... can sometimes be a moral choice\\\" and that \\\"responsible moral decisions can only be made in an atmosphere of freedom from fear of coercion.\\\" The ad directly challenged Church authority. The Catholic Church took disciplinary measures against some of the nuns who signed the statement, sparking controversy among American Catholics, and intra-Catholic conflict on the abortion issue remained news for at least two years. In the end, CFC was seen to gain credibility and status by the advertisement, while the Church hierarchy was\",\n \"title\": \"Catholics for Choice\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15701230\",\n \"text\": \"made from the east, but during its occupation it is likely to have occurred from the south or north. The three hectare site is dominated by a baths complex, administration and secondary support building. The 2006 excavations discovered a large polychromatic figurative mosaic, that represents the god Bacchus travelling around the world, flanked by pather and bacchanal, housed in the building. These types of figures reflect themes that were common mostly in urbanized Roman settlements, but not in interior parts of Portugal. Roman villa of Vale do Mouro The Roman villa of Vale do Mouro () is a Roman settlement\",\n \"title\": \"Roman villa of Vale do Mouro\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18722366\",\n \"text\": \"1707, which restates the provisions of the Act of Settlement 1701, and the Bill of Rights 1689. These laws originally restricted the succession to legitimate descendants of Sophia, Electress of Hanover (the mother of George I), and bar those who are Roman Catholics or who have married Roman Catholics. The descendants of those who are debarred for being or marrying Roman Catholics, however, may still be eligible to succeed. By convention iterated in the preamble to the Statute of Westminster 1931, the line of succession cannot be altered in any realm without the assent of the parliaments of the other\",\n \"title\": \"Succession to the Crown Act 2015\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2950113\",\n \"text\": \"aircraft that do not file a flight plan and do not have their transponders switched on. Minister for Defence Simon Coveney said the increased surveillance capability would give better coverage of the Atlantic airspace over which the IAA has responsibility for civil and military aircraft. Irish Aviation Authority The Irish Aviation Authority (IAA) () is a commercial semi-state company in Ireland responsible for the regulation of safety aspects of air travel. It is also responsible for providing air traffic control services to Ireland's three main airports, namely Dublin, Shannon and Cork. Its head office is in The Times Building in\",\n \"title\": \"Irish Aviation Authority\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15116924\",\n \"text\": \"begin two groups to do as Newman suggests Podesta wrote back to note that they had created groups like Catholics in Alliance for the Common Good and Catholics United to push for a more progressive approach to the faith, change would \\\"have to be bottom up.\\\" Raymond Arroyo responded to the much publicized Podesta e-mails, that he thought; \\\"It makes it seem like you're creating organizations to change the core beliefs of the church,\\\" he said. \\\"For someone to come and say, 'I have a political organization to change your church to complete my political agenda or advance my agenda,'\",\n \"title\": \"Catholics United\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13651608\",\n \"text\": \"began sending their children to neighbouring cities such as Bombay, Poona and Belgaum. Employment opportunities also arose in Karachi, Pakistan. Goan Catholics under the British Empire Goan Catholics are Roman Catholics from Goa, a state on the western coast of India. They are Konkani people and speak the Konkani language. They were converted by the Portuguese from 1560 onwards. Goa was a Portuguese colony and subsequently a territory from 1510–1962. While most Goan Catholics remained in Goa, some did not accept the leadership of the Portuguese and emigrated to many British colonies of India. Goans first worked for the British\",\n \"title\": \"Goan Catholics under the British Empire\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11800522\",\n \"text\": \"Un roman d'amitié (Friend You Give Me a Reason) \\\"Un Roman d'amitié (Friend You Give Me a Reason)\\\" is a 1988 song recorded by the French artist Elsa Lunghini and the American artist Glenn Medeiros. The song was released as a single in the summer of 1988 and features on the self-titled LP \\\"Elsa\\\". In 1988, Elsa was invited to a French TV programme to perform her second single, \\\"Quelque chose dans mon cœur\\\". Jean-Pierre Foucault, the host of the show, made her the surprise to invite Glenn Medeiros of whom Elsa was a fan. The two singers got on\",\n \"title\": \"Un roman d'amitié (Friend You Give Me a Reason)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7992698\",\n \"text\": \"East, the Mangalore Cultural Association (MCA) in Doha, Qatar; was established on March 2008. Mangalorean Catholics Mangalorean Catholics (Konkani: \\\"Kodialchein Katholik\\\") are an ethno-religious community of Catholics following the Latin Rite from the Mangalore Diocese (erstwhile \\\"South Canara\\\" district) on the southwestern coast of Karnataka, India. They are Konkani people and speak the Konkani language. Contemporary Mangalorean Catholics are descended mainly from Goan Catholics who migrated to South Canara between 1560 and 1763, throughout the course of the Goa Inquisition, Portuguese–Adil Shahi wars, and the Portuguese–Maratha wars. They learned the languages of South Canara, Tulu, and Kannada, but retained Konkani\",\n \"title\": \"Mangalorean Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20771999\",\n \"text\": \"that outreach and welcoming needs to also extend to those who do have sexual relationships. The Global Network of Rainbow Catholics, an organization of 13 different groups ministering to LGBT Catholics, met for the first time at the 2014 Synod on the Family. They held an event in Rome titled \\\"LGBT Voices to the Synod\\\" at the 2015 Synod on the family. At the close of the Synod they said that they were hopeful and felt it was the \\\"beginning of a new era of inclusive pastoral care for and with LGBT people and their families.\\\" In their statement the\",\n \"title\": \"Pastoral care for gay Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13651606\",\n \"text\": \"Goan Catholics under the British Empire Goan Catholics are Roman Catholics from Goa, a state on the western coast of India. They are Konkani people and speak the Konkani language. They were converted by the Portuguese from 1560 onwards. Goa was a Portuguese colony and subsequently a territory from 1510–1962. While most Goan Catholics remained in Goa, some did not accept the leadership of the Portuguese and emigrated to many British colonies of India. Goans first worked for the British in 1779 at the time of the French Revolution, when the naval fleet of the British India Government was stationed\",\n \"title\": \"Goan Catholics under the British Empire\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11800525\",\n \"text\": \"France. It debuted at number eight on French Singles Chart on 23 July 1988 and reached number two two weeks later. There it stayed for six weeks, behind the summer hit \\\"Nuit de folie\\\" by Début de Soirée, but managed then to top the chart for six consecutive weeks. Certified Gold disc by the SNEP for a minimum of 500,000 copies sold, the single remained on the chart (Top 50) for 25 weeks. The song is the 167th best-selling single of all time in France. Un roman d'amitié (Friend You Give Me a Reason) \\\"Un Roman d'amitié (Friend You Give\",\n \"title\": \"Un roman d'amitié (Friend You Give Me a Reason)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7956668\",\n \"text\": \"Latin Catholics in their retention of certain Jewish holidays. Hebrew Catholics may celebrate Passover, Rosh Hashana, Shavuot, etc. and even wear traditional ritual wear like \\\"kippot\\\", \\\"tallitot\\\", \\\"tefillin\\\", use \\\"mezuzot\\\" and keep many \\\"mitsvot\\\" (commandments) in the Torah as a sign of their heritage. Where these Jewish holidays and practices do not conflict with Catholic doctrine, they are kept for ethnic reasons, much as Irish Americans might celebrate Saint Patrick's Day as a major feast day regardless of the diocese they reside in. Saint Paul the Apostle is mentioned in passing in The Acts of the Apostles to have observed\",\n \"title\": \"Hebrew Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7992609\",\n \"text\": \"Mangalorean Catholics Mangalorean Catholics (Konkani: \\\"Kodialchein Katholik\\\") are an ethno-religious community of Catholics following the Latin Rite from the Mangalore Diocese (erstwhile \\\"South Canara\\\" district) on the southwestern coast of Karnataka, India. They are Konkani people and speak the Konkani language. Contemporary Mangalorean Catholics are descended mainly from Goan Catholics who migrated to South Canara between 1560 and 1763, throughout the course of the Goa Inquisition, Portuguese–Adil Shahi wars, and the Portuguese–Maratha wars. They learned the languages of South Canara, Tulu, and Kannada, but retained Konkani as their mother tongue and preserved their lifestyle. Their 15-year captivity at Seringapatam imposed\",\n \"title\": \"Mangalorean Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11900129\",\n \"text\": \"Roman Catholic Diocese of Coxim The Roman Catholic Diocese of Coxim () is a Latin Rite suffragan diocese in the Ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Campo Grande in Mato Grosso do Sul state, southwestern inland Brazil. Its cathedral episcopal see is Catedral São José, dedicated to Saint Joseph, in the city of Coxim. As per 2014, it pastorally served 110,000 Catholics (78.0% of 141,000 total) on 45,000 km² (the municipalities Coxim, Alcinópolis, Camapuã, Costa Rica, Figueirão, Pedro Gomes, Rio Negro, Rio Verde de Mato Grosso, São Gabriel do Oeste and Sonora) in 14 parishes with 17 priests (15\",\n \"title\": \"Roman Catholic Diocese of Coxim\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15701226\",\n \"text\": \"Roman villa of Vale do Mouro The Roman villa of Vale do Mouro () is a Roman settlement situated in the civil parish in the municipality of Meda, excavated since the early 21st century by archaeologists. The settlement was already occupied back in the 3rd century, and may have antecedence from the Neolithic, from the discovery of silica and fragments of quartz. Sometime between the 3rd and 4th century the Roman mosaics (discovered during the excavations) were executed. The first excavations began in 2000, with later work in 2003 discovering a baths complex, with tiled patio with figurative elements, spear\",\n \"title\": \"Roman villa of Vale do Mouro\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20771973\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"exclusionary language\\\" towards gays was a topic of discussion. One Synod member, who was not publicly identified, said that gay Catholics \\\"are our children. They are family members. They are not outsiders. They are our flesh and blood. How do we speak about them [positively] and offer a hand of welcome?\\\" According to Archbishop Mark Coleridge of Australia, there was strong support in the early days of the assembly for using a \\\"less condemnatory approach,\\\" especially regarding language, when pastorally caring for and speaking about gay Catholics, on the order of 70% in favor and 30% opposed. Archbishop Charles Chaput\",\n \"title\": \"Pastoral care for gay Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6518088\",\n \"text\": \"Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops has twice (in 2002 and 2010) reiterated that Catholics for a Free Choice: \\\"1) is not Catholic and 2) does not represent the teachings or views of the Catholic Church.\\\" In 2003, the official newspaper of the Archdiocese of Mexico rejected any connection with Catholics for a Free Choice and clarified that the group is not part of the Roman Catholic Church because of its support for the legalization of abortion, among other things. Helen M. Alvaré, an associate professor of law at the Catholic University of America, has asserted that CFC has \\\"no grass-roots\",\n \"title\": \"Catholics for Choice\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12059782\",\n \"text\": \"Acts of Roman Congregations The Acts of Roman Congregations is a term of the canon law of the Roman Catholic Church, used to designate the documents (called also decrees) issued by the Roman Congregations, in virtue of powers conferred on them by the Roman Pontiff. In virtue of their governing and executive powers, the Congregations grant privileges and dispensations from ecclesiastical laws, or issue ordinances to safeguard their observance; in virtue of their power of interpreting laws, they give authentic declarations; in virtue of their judicial power they give decisions between contending parties. All these powers, however, do not belong\",\n \"title\": \"Acts of Roman Congregations\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"321832\",\n \"text\": \"11 November 2004, Rawhi Fattouh, leader of the Palestinian Legislative Council became Acting President of the Palestinian Authority as provided for in Article 54(2) of the Authority's Basic Law and Palestinian Elections Law. On 19 April 2005, Vladimir Putin the president of Russia agreed to aid the Palestinian Authority stating, \\\"We support the efforts of President Abbas to reform the security services and fight against terrorism [...] If we are waiting for President Abbas to fight terrorism, he cannot do it with the resources he has now. [...] We will give the Palestinian Authority technical help by sending equipment, training\",\n \"title\": \"Palestinian National Authority\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17407785\",\n \"text\": \"Earning to give Earning to give involves deliberately pursuing a high-earning career for the purpose of donating a significant portion of earned income, typically because of a belief in effective altruism. Advocates of earning to give sometimes suggest that maximizing the amount one can donate to charity is an important consideration for individuals when deciding what career to pursue, even if the individual has less intrinsic interest in high-earning careers. In the 1996 book \\\"Living High and Letting Die\\\", the philosopher Peter Unger wrote that it was morally praiseworthy and perhaps even morally required for people in academia who could\",\n \"title\": \"Earning to give\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15116922\",\n \"text\": \"of Catholic Bishops as a whole. Catholics United has condemned bishops who deny Communion to politicians who support legal abortion. It describes this as \\\"a shameful attempt to use the Catholic sacrament of Communion as a political weapon.\\\" In March 2010, former director Chris Korzen appeared on CNN to challenge the Archdiocese of Washington, DC's protest of a law requiring employers to grant benefits to same-sex partners. In May 2010, Catholics United criticized a Boston-area Catholic school's decision to deny admission to the child of a lesbian couple. Catholics United has aimed criticism at the Church for its opposition to\",\n \"title\": \"Catholics United\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7992638\",\n \"text\": \"and recaptured Mangalore fort. After the conquest, Hyder was informed that the Mangalorean Catholics had helped the British in their conquest of Mangalore. Hyder believed that this behaviour of the Christians amounted to treachery against the sovereign. The Christians were alleged to have helped General Mathews with a sum of Rs. 3,30,000/-. Hyder summoned a Portuguese officer and several Christian priests from Mangalore to suggest the punishment for the Mangalorean Catholics for treachery. The Portuguese officer suggested the death penalty for those Catholics who helped the British, because it was a fitting punishment for people who betrayed the sovereign. But\",\n \"title\": \"Mangalorean Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20772003\",\n \"text\": \"to speak, after pressure from conservative Catholics who threatened to withhold funding. Robert McElroy, the Bishop of San Diego, rallied to support Martin and criticized those who had tried to vilify him and distort his writings. Nevertheless, Martin was subsequently invited to give a keynote address at the Vatican-sponsored World Meeting of Families held in Dublin in summer 2018. The Marianist Social Justice Collaborative publishes \\\"Addressing LGBT Issues: A Resource for Educators.\\\" It states that, \\\"As members of the Marianist Family, who are part of the larger Body of Christ, we are called to attentiveness and concern for the growth,\",\n \"title\": \"Pastoral care for gay Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7956669\",\n \"text\": \"the Jewish religious holidays (; ; ; and in ). The movement is neither a sectarian group within the Catholic Church nor a schismatic movement outside it. Hebrew Catholics are constituted of people with both Jewish and non-Jewish origins. Some are Jewish converts to Catholicism who live in Israel with Hebrew as a first language; the vast majority are the children of foreign workers who were already Catholics, but were born and grew up in Israel, and also have Hebrew as their first language. The main associations of the movement are the Association of Hebrew Catholics (AHC), Remnant Of Israel\",\n \"title\": \"Hebrew Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6518069\",\n \"text\": \"Catholics for Choice Catholics for Choice (CFC) is a pro-choice dissenting Catholic advocacy group based in Washington, D.C. Formed in 1973 as Catholics for a Free Choice, CFC states that its mission is \\\"to serve as a voice for Catholics who believe that the Catholic tradition supports a woman's moral and legal right to follow her conscience in matters of sexuality and reproductive health.\\\" The group gained some notice and status after its 1984 advertisement in \\\"The New York Times\\\" challenging Church teaching on abortion led to Church disciplinary pressure against some of the priests and nuns who signed it.\",\n \"title\": \"Catholics for Choice\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12334033\",\n \"text\": \"Roman Catholic Diocese of Baucau The Roman Catholic Diocese of Baucau () is a diocese located in the city of Baucau in Timor-Leste. When the diocese was started there were only 21 priests plus a number of nuns from several religious congregations to serve about 200,000 Catholics. In 2018 there were 150 young men from Baucau Diocese studying in seminaries. Bishops of Baucau (Roman rite) Bishop Basilio do Nascimento launched Radio Fini Lorosae (eastern future radio), the new radio station set up by Baucau diocese, on March 20, 2006 following a Mass held at St. Anthony Cathedral to mark the\",\n \"title\": \"Roman Catholic Diocese of Baucau\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13117591\",\n \"text\": \"Council of Trent and has never lifted that condemnation (anathema). Further they argue that it 'attacks the very foundation of absolute truth' by concessions to relativism and post-modernism, belying its profession of joint commitment to the Gospel, thus rendering that Gospel moot. They claim, 'It falls lock-step into line with our culture’s minimalist approach to truth issues'. Evangelicals and Catholics Together Evangelicals and Catholics Together is a 1994 ecumenical document signed by leading Evangelical and Roman Catholic scholars in the United States. The co-signers of the document were Charles Colson and Richard John Neuhaus, representing each side of the discussions.\",\n \"title\": \"Evangelicals and Catholics Together\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12404214\",\n \"text\": \"and mid-18th centuries, forming a new Mangalorean Catholic identity, and the subsequent growth and development of the community. Several centuries of living in South Canara gave these Catholics an identity of their own. The Roman Catholics from Goa migrated to Mangalore in three major waves, the first after 1560, the second after 1570, and the third in about 1683. The first wave of migrants left due to the Goa Inquisition of 1560. The second and third waves left Goa because of famines, epidemics, and political upheavals such as the Portuguese–Maratha wars. During Hyder Ali's regime, the community had flourished. Soon\",\n \"title\": \"History of Mangalorean Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12334036\",\n \"text\": \"In 2014, the clinic cared for more than 7,300 patients focusing on the care of mothers and babies. Roman Catholic Diocese of Baucau The Roman Catholic Diocese of Baucau () is a diocese located in the city of Baucau in Timor-Leste. When the diocese was started there were only 21 priests plus a number of nuns from several religious congregations to serve about 200,000 Catholics. In 2018 there were 150 young men from Baucau Diocese studying in seminaries. Bishops of Baucau (Roman rite) Bishop Basilio do Nascimento launched Radio Fini Lorosae (eastern future radio), the new radio station set up\",\n \"title\": \"Roman Catholic Diocese of Baucau\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10483789\",\n \"text\": \"he was quoted as saying: Some Chaldean Catholics espouse a Chaldean ethnic identity and regard Chaldeans as a nation of its own. Some claim descent from the ancient Chaldeans/Chaldees, who resided in the far south east of Mesopotamia, however, the scholary consensus remains that modern Chaldean Catholics constitute part of the Assyrian continuity rather than being descendants of the ancient Chaldeans. The first political movement of Chaldean Catholics was founded in 1972 in Iraq and named the Chaldean Patriot Movement, after the Baathist regime in Iraq killed many Chaldean Catholics in the Soria village in the Dohuk province, but then\",\n \"title\": \"Chaldean Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12434005\",\n \"text\": \"to his office to discuss selling out. There he meets the board of directors, the four charwomen, and realises how they obtained their information. The Colonel invites him to lunch to discuss Ryder joining the board. (After they all leave, an unknown man enters the room and starts going through their waste paper.) \\\"Ladies Who Do\\\" was released on DVD in the UK on 24 March 2008. Ladies Who Do Ladies Who Do is a 1963 British comedy film starring Peggy Mount, Robert Morley and Harry H. Corbett. Mrs. Cragg (Peggy Mount) works as a charwoman (part-time domestic servant) for\",\n \"title\": \"Ladies Who Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19943335\",\n \"text\": \"Ordinariate for Eastern Catholics in France The Ordinariate for Eastern (Rite) Catholics in France (or France of the Eastern Rite) (French: \\\"Ordinariat des catholiques de rite oriental résidant en France\\\") is a Catholic Ordinariate for Eastern Catholic faithful (pseudo-diocesan jurisdiction within a Latin rite territory), jointly for Eastern Catholics in various rites and languages of particular churches \\\"sui iuris\\\" without proper jurisdiction there. It is exempt, i.e. immediately subject to the Holy See, and depends directly on its Roman Congregation for the Oriental Churches. Since 1922 existed in the archdiocese of Paris a diocesan administration for the strangers, which was\",\n \"title\": \"Ordinariate for Eastern Catholics in France\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17666676\",\n \"text\": \"for a match at WrestleMania 31, which Triple H accepted. The following night on \\\"Raw\\\", The Authority attempted to persuade a returning Orton to rejoin them following his attack of Authority personnel, though Orton did not give a direct answer until the group met up backstage. Orton agreed to rejoin the stable, and he and Rollins were subsequently booked in a tag team match for later that night against Daniel Bryan and Roman Reigns. The loss Orton and Rollins suffered in the match further exacerbated tension between the two. The tension finally reached a head a few weeks later when\",\n \"title\": \"The Authority (professional wrestling)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10034958\",\n \"text\": \"effectively and safely manage patients' care (while exposing any patient to undue risk). Some psychologists opposing prescriptive authority fear caseload pressures that might press increasing numbers of psychologists to respond to patients' needs via only one treatment modality (pharmacology), as do many psychiatrists. Prescriptive authority for psychologists movement The Prescriptive authority for psychologists (RxP) movement is a movement among certain psychologists to give prescriptive authority to psychologists with 2 years of postdoctoral training, or Continuing Education training in clinical psychopharmacology and related sciences, followed by 1 – 2 years of supervised prescribing, or a Certificate from the Department of Defense\",\n \"title\": \"Prescriptive authority for psychologists movement\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5553465\",\n \"text\": \"Roman Catholic Diocese of Jeonju The Roman Catholic Diocese of Jeonju () is a suffragan diocese of the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church in the ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Gwangju, South Korea, yet depends on the missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples. Its episcopal see is Joongang Cathedral of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, in Jeonju 전주시, Jeollabuk-do 전라북도 It also has a former cathedral, now Jeondong Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, in Jeonju. As per 2014, it pastorally served 190,465 Catholics (10.2% of 1,872,965 total) on 8,066 km² in 93 parishes\",\n \"title\": \"Roman Catholic Diocese of Jeonju\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3534431\",\n \"text\": \"well as Spanish. Catechism for Filipino Catholics The Catechism for Filipino Catholics, or CFC, is a contextualized and inculturated Roman Catholic catechism for Filipinos prepared by the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines (CBCP) and approved by the Holy See. The draft was produced by the CBCP's \\\"Episcopal Commission on Catechesis and Catholic Education.\\\" It is considered the present-day successor of the early 16th century \\\"Doctrina Christiana\\\", the first published book in what is now the Philippines. The \\\"Doctrina Christiana\\\" was written in Tagalog, in both \\\"abecedario\\\" (the newly developed Latinised orthography) and the indigenous Baybayin script commonly used at\",\n \"title\": \"Catechism for Filipino Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3534430\",\n \"text\": \"Catechism for Filipino Catholics The Catechism for Filipino Catholics, or CFC, is a contextualized and inculturated Roman Catholic catechism for Filipinos prepared by the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines (CBCP) and approved by the Holy See. The draft was produced by the CBCP's \\\"Episcopal Commission on Catechesis and Catholic Education.\\\" It is considered the present-day successor of the early 16th century \\\"Doctrina Christiana\\\", the first published book in what is now the Philippines. The \\\"Doctrina Christiana\\\" was written in Tagalog, in both \\\"abecedario\\\" (the newly developed Latinised orthography) and the indigenous Baybayin script commonly used at the time, as\",\n \"title\": \"Catechism for Filipino Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13117588\",\n \"text\": \"Evangelicals and Catholics Together Evangelicals and Catholics Together is a 1994 ecumenical document signed by leading Evangelical and Roman Catholic scholars in the United States. The co-signers of the document were Charles Colson and Richard John Neuhaus, representing each side of the discussions. It was part of a larger ecumenical rapprochement in the United States that had begun in the 1970s with Catholic-Evangelical collaboration during the Gerald R. Ford Administration and in later para-church organizations such as Moral Majority founded by the Rev. Jerry Fawell at the urging of Francis Schaeffer and his son Frank Schaeffer during the Jimmy Carter\",\n \"title\": \"Evangelicals and Catholics Together\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12404173\",\n \"text\": \"Catholics\\\" (2000), and \\\"The Mangalorean Catholic Community — A Professional History / Directory\\\" (2002). In 2000, the Diocese of Mangalore released the first Konkani Bible in Kannada script, which was made available online on 26 July 2007. Roman Catholic traditions include the \\\"Sakrament\\\" (Seven Sacraments) and include \\\"Povitr-Snan\\\" (Baptism), \\\"Thiravnni\\\" (Confirmation), \\\"Krist-Prasad\\\" (Eucharist), \\\"Prachit\\\" (Penance), \\\"Piddestanchi Makhnni\\\" (Anointing of the Sick), \\\"Iazokanchi Sonskornni\\\" (Holy Orders) and \\\"Logn\\\" (Matrimony). Mangalorean Catholics have retained many Indian customs and traditions and reveal their existence especially during the celebration of a marriage. Their culture is more traditional and Indian. Though the Portuguese traded quite\",\n \"title\": \"Culture of Mangalorean Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19939654\",\n \"text\": \"him in the mission worked Russian priests George Kovalenko, Alexander Kulik, Nikolai Alexseev, Vsevolod Roshko and laymen M.V. Rozanov and A. Stavrovsky. (all Roman Rite) Ordinariate for Eastern Catholics in Argentina The Ordinariate for Eastern (Rites) Catholics in Argentina or Argentina of the Eastern Rite (Spanish Ordinariato para los fieles de ritos orientales en Argentina) is a Catholic Ordinariate for Eastern Catholic faithful (pseudo-diocesan jurisdiction within a Latin territory), jointly for all Eastern Catholics, regardless of rite, living in Argentina. On August 27, 1897, a first community of faithful of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church established itself in Apóstoles, in\",\n \"title\": \"Ordinariate for Eastern Catholics in Argentina\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7992664\",\n \"text\": \"Goud Saraswat Brahmin surnames, with the exception of Shet, which is used by a few who trace their origins to the Daivadnya Brahmins of Goa. These ancestral pre-conversion surnames of the Mangalorean Catholics are called \\\"paik\\\" in Konkani. To capture their tradition, many have reverted to their \\\"paik\\\" surnames, or use hyphenated names consisting of their post-conversion surnames in conjunction with their ancestral ones. Mudartha is a unique Mangalorean Catholic surname to be found among some Catholics that hail from Udupi. Mangalorean Catholics speak the Konkani language, which they have retained as their mother tongue despite the migration; the language\",\n \"title\": \"Mangalorean Catholics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9945521\",\n \"text\": \"on 4 September 1940. It is based in the capital, Luanda. Since the death of Archbishop Damião António Franklin, the 21st man to hold that position, on 28 April 2014, the seat is occupied by Filomeno do Nascimento Vieira Dias. As of 2004, The archdiocese was home to approximately 4.84 million people, approximately 3.06 million of them being Roman Catholic (63.1%). There are approximately 150 priests serving the over 3 million Catholics. Bishops of São Paulo de Loanda/ Angola e Congo ( 1596 - 1940 ) Archbishops of Luanda (1940 - Today ) Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Luanda The Archdiocese\",\n \"title\": \"Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Luanda\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["pope"],"string":"[\n \"pope\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":580,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"where did pres. obama go to school?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"5509496","text":"Michelle Obama Michelle LaVaughn Robinson Obama (born January 17, 1964) is an American lawyer, university administrator, and writer who served as the First Lady of the United States from 2009 to 2017. She is married to the 44th U.S. President, Barack Obama, and was the first African-American First Lady. Raised on the South Side of Chicago, Illinois, Obama is a graduate of Princeton University and Harvard Law School. In her early legal career, she worked at the law firm Sidley Austin, where she met Barack Obama. She subsequently worked in non-profits and as the Associate Dean of Student Services at","title":"Michelle Obama"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5509496\",\n \"text\": \"Michelle Obama Michelle LaVaughn Robinson Obama (born January 17, 1964) is an American lawyer, university administrator, and writer who served as the First Lady of the United States from 2009 to 2017. She is married to the 44th U.S. President, Barack Obama, and was the first African-American First Lady. Raised on the South Side of Chicago, Illinois, Obama is a graduate of Princeton University and Harvard Law School. In her early legal career, she worked at the law firm Sidley Austin, where she met Barack Obama. She subsequently worked in non-profits and as the Associate Dean of Student Services at\",\n \"title\": \"Michelle Obama\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"13279845","text":"\"there is a perceptible poignancy and longing weaved throughout Jenkins' arrangements. The opener \"Where Did Everyone Go?\" possesses a solitude accentuated by responsive instrumentation that supports, yet never intrudes. Cole's practically conversational delivery of pop standards...become musical soliloquies with the score as a sonic subtext.\" Where Did Everyone Go? Where Did Everyone Go? is a 1963 studio album by Nat King Cole, arranged by Gordon Jenkins. This was the third and final album that Cole and Jenkins recorded together, following \"Love Is the Thing\" (1957) and \"The Very Thought of You\" (1958). The initial \"Billboard\" review from April 13, 1963","title":"Where Did Everyone Go?"},{"psg_id":"13279844","text":"Where Did Everyone Go? Where Did Everyone Go? is a 1963 studio album by Nat King Cole, arranged by Gordon Jenkins. This was the third and final album that Cole and Jenkins recorded together, following \"Love Is the Thing\" (1957) and \"The Very Thought of You\" (1958). The initial \"Billboard\" review from April 13, 1963 commented that \"Here he is in a superb collection of ballad tunes, many of them in a lonesome, blue mood, with standout backing provided by Gordon Jenkins...Great mood wax for buyers and spinners\". The Allmusic review of \"Where Did Everyone Go?\" by Lindsay Planer said","title":"Where Did Everyone Go?"},{"psg_id":"11939649","text":"in 1971. The single did not make the charts. Lee performed songs from this album, including \"Where Did They Go\" and \"My Sweet Lord,\" during her June 1971 engagement at The Frontier Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada. After completing work on \"Where Did They Go\", Peggy Lee did not return to the recording studio again until nearly a year later, when she began recording \"Norma Deloris Egstrom from Jamestown, North Dakota\" in April 1972. This album was released on 8-track, along with LP. Where Did They Go (album) Where Did They Go is a 1971 album by Peggy Lee. It","title":"Where Did They Go (album)"},{"psg_id":"11939648","text":"Where Did They Go (album) Where Did They Go is a 1971 album by Peggy Lee. It was arranged and conducted by Don Sebesky and Al Capps. The recording sessions for this album took place at the Capitol Tower in Hollywood, California. \"Where Did They Go\" was Peggy Lee's first album not to make the \"Billboard\" 200 chart since her Grammy-winning hit \"Is That All There Is?\" in 1969. Burt Bacharach and Hal David wrote the song \"My Rock And Foundation\" specifically for Lee. Capitol Records released \"Where Did They Go\" (backed by \"All I Want\") as a 45\" single","title":"Where Did They Go (album)"},{"psg_id":"15358177","text":"Where Did Our Love Go \"Where Did Our Love Go\" is a 1964 song recorded by American music group the Supremes for the Motown label. Written and produced by Motown's main production team Holland–Dozier–Holland, \"Where Did Our Love Go\" was the first single by the Supremes to go to the number-one position on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 pop singles chart in the United States, a position it held for two weeks, from August 16 to August 29, 1964. It was also the first of five Supremes songs in a row to reach number one (the others being \"Baby Love\", \"Come","title":"Where Did Our Love Go"},{"psg_id":"15358184","text":"in Vietnam, and foreseeing the end of the early optimism of the 1960s. Where Did Our Love Go \"Where Did Our Love Go\" is a 1964 song recorded by American music group the Supremes for the Motown label. Written and produced by Motown's main production team Holland–Dozier–Holland, \"Where Did Our Love Go\" was the first single by the Supremes to go to the number-one position on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 pop singles chart in the United States, a position it held for two weeks, from August 16 to August 29, 1964. It was also the first of five Supremes songs","title":"Where Did Our Love Go"},{"psg_id":"11903014","text":"Where Did Your Heart Go? \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\" is a song written by American musicians David Was and Don Was. The song was first recorded and released by the writers' disco-dance-rock band Was (Not Was) as a single in the UK as a double A-side with \"Wheel Me Out\" in September 1981. The single did not chart. It was featured as the second track on the band's début album \"Was (Not Was)\" in August 1981. French editions of the single included the track \"It's an Attack!\" as the B-side. A live recording of \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\"","title":"Where Did Your Heart Go?"},{"psg_id":"18295773","text":"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go Haiti: Where Did the Money Go? is a 2012 Film at Eleven Media production that was produced, written and directed by Michele Mitchell. Shot in the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, the documentary looks at what really happens with the money donated to help with disaster aid. \"Haiti: Where Did The Money Go?\" aired on PBS and won the 2013 Edward R. Murrow Award for News Documentary. \"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go\" seeks to discover where the funds raised for the relief effort after the 2010 earthquake in Haiti really went. Taking","title":"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go"},{"psg_id":"18295781","text":"Best Investigative Documentary •2013 Edward R. Murrow Award for News Documentary •2013 Women's International Film Festival Best Documentary Short Haiti: Where Did the Money Go Haiti: Where Did the Money Go? is a 2012 Film at Eleven Media production that was produced, written and directed by Michele Mitchell. Shot in the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, the documentary looks at what really happens with the money donated to help with disaster aid. \"Haiti: Where Did The Money Go?\" aired on PBS and won the 2013 Edward R. Murrow Award for News Documentary. \"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go\" seeks","title":"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go"},{"psg_id":"11903016","text":"\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\" was also included on \"The Final\" and \"Music from the Edge of Heaven\" albums. George Michael's arrangement of \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\" is relatively faithful to the original Was (Not Was) version making only subtle changes to the song's instrumentation and structure. Michael alters the song by dropping the opening chorus in favour of an instrumental introduction of the chorus melody. The subdued ending is protracted in the Wham! recording, where the Was (Not Was) original quickly fades out after the completion of the final chorus; Michael's arrangement continues for an additional half a","title":"Where Did Your Heart Go?"},{"psg_id":"11903018","text":"video for the Wham! version of the song was directed by George Michael and Andy Morahan. Where Did Your Heart Go? \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\" is a song written by American musicians David Was and Don Was. The song was first recorded and released by the writers' disco-dance-rock band Was (Not Was) as a single in the UK as a double A-side with \"Wheel Me Out\" in September 1981. The single did not chart. It was featured as the second track on the band's début album \"Was (Not Was)\" in August 1981. French editions of the single included the","title":"Where Did Your Heart Go?"},{"psg_id":"6114571","text":"on December 29, 1964. It was equivalent to Motown 25 or Live Aid as a pivotal music concert event . When it hit theaters nationwide, it undoubtedly raised and extended the visibility of the \"Where Did Our Love Go\" album. All tracks written by Holland–Dozier–Holland except as noted. The original album sold a million copies {in 1964-1965} stateside alone. The limited exclusive \"40th Anniversary\" version is now listed as \"sold out\". It remains, to date, their third best-selling studio album. Where Did Our Love Go (album) Where Did Our Love Go is the second studio album by Motown singing group","title":"Where Did Our Love Go (album)"},{"psg_id":"6114568","text":"Where Did Our Love Go (album) Where Did Our Love Go is the second studio album by Motown singing group The Supremes, released in 1964. The album includes several of the group's singles and B-sides from 1963 and 1964. Included are the group's first Billboard Pop Singles number-one hits, \"Where Did Our Love Go\", \"Baby Love\", and \"Come See About Me\", as well as their first Top 40 hit, \"When the Lovelight Starts Shining Through His Eyes\", and the singles \"A Breathtaking Guy\" and \"Run, Run, Run\". With the release of this album, The Supremes became the first act in","title":"Where Did Our Love Go (album)"},{"psg_id":"13579887","text":"her 1992 album \"Entre a Mi Mundo\". Where Did the Feeling Go? \"Where Did the Feeling Go?\" is a song written by Michael Masser and Norman Saleet and first recorded by American singer Jill Michaels in 1985, and then by Russell Hitchcock (from the band Air Supply) for his eponymous debut solo album in 1988. The song found renewed interest when Selena recorded the song a year later in 1989; however, it was not released until 1997 when it was featured in the film \"Selena\" and its soundtrack album, following her death in 1995. The song was later included on","title":"Where Did the Feeling Go?"},{"psg_id":"13579886","text":"Where Did the Feeling Go? \"Where Did the Feeling Go?\" is a song written by Michael Masser and Norman Saleet and first recorded by American singer Jill Michaels in 1985, and then by Russell Hitchcock (from the band Air Supply) for his eponymous debut solo album in 1988. The song found renewed interest when Selena recorded the song a year later in 1989; however, it was not released until 1997 when it was featured in the film \"Selena\" and its soundtrack album, following her death in 1995. The song was later included on the \"20 Years of Music\" version of","title":"Where Did the Feeling Go?"},{"psg_id":"11690819","text":"released as a radio-single in the United States, where the song received airplay but failed to chart due in part to no official release. The video features Liam being interviewed whilst Noel sings whilst reading a newspaper and looking at what is going on in the building opposite where he and the band are. Where Did It All Go Wrong? \"Where Did It All Go Wrong?\" is a song and single by the English rock band Oasis, originally released on their 2000 album, \"Standing on the Shoulder of Giants\". Written by guitarist Noel Gallagher, it is one of two songs","title":"Where Did It All Go Wrong?"},{"psg_id":"13579999","text":"this single did prove popular on the radio. Where Did All the Love Go? \"Where Did All the Love Go?\" is a song by English rock band Kasabian and is the second official single from their third album \"West Ryder Pauper Lunatic Asylum\". It was released on 10 August 2009. Guitarist Sergio Pizzorno explained the song's meaning to \"New Musical Express\" stating that \"It's sitting at home seeing another kid get stabbed, everyone is scared and going, 'What the fuck is going on?\" The song also speaks about the Internet, with Pizzorno elaborating in an interview with \"The Sun\" that","title":"Where Did All the Love Go?"},{"psg_id":"11690817","text":"Where Did It All Go Wrong? \"Where Did It All Go Wrong?\" is a song and single by the English rock band Oasis, originally released on their 2000 album, \"Standing on the Shoulder of Giants\". Written by guitarist Noel Gallagher, it is one of two songs on \"Standing on the Shoulder of Giants\" that features him on lead vocals. In explaining why front man Liam Gallagher did not sing the song, Noel claimed that: \"[Vocally] Liam just couldn't get that one. The melody shifts quite a lot... Liam hasn't got that dynamism in his voice.\" Noel stated that the song's","title":"Where Did It All Go Wrong?"},{"psg_id":"9037004","text":"are mixed without hi-hat. In 1992 when the Original cast CD was released, the hi-hat was suddenly apparent in the recording. It is most likely that the hi-hat was always present in the mix, but just not loud enough to be heard. It was probably boosted in the remix and subsequent remastering. Where Did the Good Times Go? \"Where Did the Good Times Go?\" is, what is popularly termed, the \"big ballad\" or \"11 o'clock number\" from the musical \"Over Here!\", which opened on Broadway at the Shubert Theatre (Broadway) on March 6, 1974. The song is the penultimate moment","title":"Where Did the Good Times Go?"},{"psg_id":"13579997","text":"Where Did All the Love Go? \"Where Did All the Love Go?\" is a song by English rock band Kasabian and is the second official single from their third album \"West Ryder Pauper Lunatic Asylum\". It was released on 10 August 2009. Guitarist Sergio Pizzorno explained the song's meaning to \"New Musical Express\" stating that \"It's sitting at home seeing another kid get stabbed, everyone is scared and going, 'What the fuck is going on?\" The song also speaks about the Internet, with Pizzorno elaborating in an interview with \"The Sun\" that \"Kids today grow up really quickly and there's","title":"Where Did All the Love Go?"},{"psg_id":"9037003","text":"Where Did the Good Times Go? \"Where Did the Good Times Go?\" is, what is popularly termed, the \"big ballad\" or \"11 o'clock number\" from the musical \"Over Here!\", which opened on Broadway at the Shubert Theatre (Broadway) on March 6, 1974. The song is the penultimate moment of drama when all seems lost toward the end of the second act. The song was somewhat successful as a single for Patty Andrews, who debuted the song in the show. The song was written by Robert B. Sherman and Richard M. Sherman. The recording on both the LP and the single","title":"Where Did the Good Times Go?"},{"psg_id":"11903015","text":"was included as a B-side to the 1992 single \"Somewhere in America (There's a Street Named After My Dad)\". \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\" was covered by the British pop duo Wham! on 14 October 1986 as one of the three B-sides to \"The Edge of Heaven\" in the UK, where it reached number 1. The song was also released separately as Wham!'s final single in several territories most notably in the US where it peaked at number 50 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in November 1986. It was produced and re-arranged by George Michael with engineering by Chris Porter.","title":"Where Did Your Heart Go?"},{"psg_id":"15358181","text":"letter\" formula. Mary Wilson and Florence Ballard's vocal contribution was significant in bringing a fresh yet hypnotic sexiness to the overall sound of the song while remaining true to the backup arrangements that Lamont Dozier had set down. Upon hearing the song's playback, an excited Ross rushed to Gordy's office and told him to come to the studio to listen to the song. Upon hearing playback, a satisfied Gordy nodded saying to the producers and the group that the song had potential to be a top ten hit. \"Where Did Our Love Go\" was released as a single on June","title":"Where Did Our Love Go"},{"psg_id":"11903017","text":"minute. Wham!'s recording of \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\", while structurally similar to the Was (Not Was) original, leans toward to a soft rock ballad due to changes to the tempo and vocal inflection. Michael's arrangement is more spare and reliant on synthesizers and saxophone to convey the melody. Michael's vocals are less immersed in the backing arrangement in which the bass guitar and drums are markedly quieter in the mix. His vocal is more low-key than Sweet Pea Atkinson's, except for the final line of the third verse, \"and drifted out of sight\", which is accentuated. The official music","title":"Where Did Your Heart Go?"},{"psg_id":"15358178","text":"See About Me\", \"Stop! In the Name of Love\", and \"Back in My Arms Again\"). The song also reached number one on the \"Cash Box\" R&B singles chart. The Supremes' version is ranked #475 on \"Rolling Stone\"s 500 Greatest Songs of All Time and was selected for preservation in the National Recording Registry in 2016 due to its \"cultural, historic, or artistic significance.\" \"Billboard\" named the song #4 on its list of 100 Greatest Girl Group Songs of All Time. According to Brian Holland, \"Where Did Our Love Go\" was written with The Supremes in mind. Though Supremes member Mary","title":"Where Did Our Love Go"},{"psg_id":"15358183","text":"album, \"Where Did Our Love Go\", released later that year. A German language version of the song was recorded by the Supremes for German-speaking markets overseas. The song seemed to strike a chord in the United States, with a group which would become the most successful chart-topping American popular music group of the 1960s. The first of their American chart toppers, the song peaked just weeks after the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, critically remarked as capturing the spirit of an America reeling from the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, racial tension, increased United States involvement","title":"Where Did Our Love Go"},{"psg_id":"6114569","text":"\"Billboard\" magazine history to have three number-one hits from the same album. It was the album that introduced \"The Motown Sound\" to the masses. It was also, at the time, the highest-ranking album by an all-female group. It remained in the #2 position for 4 consecutive weeks in January 1965, shut out of the top spot by the Beatles' blockbuster \"Beatles '65\" album. \"Where Did Our Love Go\" remained on the Billboard album chart for an unprecedented 89 weeks. According to Motown data, the album ultimately sold over 3,000,000 copies. This album was also the first ever number one album","title":"Where Did Our Love Go (album)"},{"psg_id":"12236523","text":"by hanging. After his death, poet Paul Mariani spoke at a service for Des Pres at Colgate, where they may have spent time together as Mariani worked on his master's degree. Terrence Des Pres Terrence Des Pres (1939 in Effingham, Illinois – November 16, 1987 in Hamilton, New York) was an American writer and Holocaust scholar. Terrence Des Pres graduated from Southeast Missouri State College in 1962. He went on to complete graduate degrees in philosophy at Washington University in St. Louis. He spent time with John Nathan at Harvard University as Harvard Junior Fellows, where Des Pres was the","title":"Terrence Des Pres"},{"psg_id":"13579998","text":"too much information. News channels, the internet and social networking sites. People aren't leaving their bedrooms and it's just crazy. The things that make you most happy are quite simple. That song is looking for the romantic image of life, when people looked out for each other.\" According to Serge Pizzorno, the song's music video was inspired by Kenneth Anger's films like Scorpio Rising, Busby Berkeley and French cabaret. Following its release in August 2009, \"Where Did All the Love Go?\" entered the UK Singles Chart at a peak of #30. Although not as successful as the previous single \"\"Fire\"\",","title":"Where Did All the Love Go?"},{"psg_id":"11598034","text":"Pres Mull Presnell Alfonzo \"Pres\" Mull (August 28, 1922 – June 30, 2005) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Appalachian State Teachers College—now known as Appalachian State University—for one season in 1951 and at Catawba College from 1959 to 1961, compiling a career college football record of 13–26–1. Mull was born in Marion, North Carolina in 1922 to Horace and Estelle (Houck) Mull. He graduated from Pleasant Garden High School where he played basketball. Mull graduated from Appalachian State Teacher's College in 1947, after having served as a reconnaissance pilot in","title":"Pres Mull"},{"psg_id":"11598030","text":"Pres Mull Presnell Alfonzo \"Pres\" Mull (August 28, 1922 – June 30, 2005) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Appalachian State Teachers College—now known as Appalachian State University—for one season in 1951 and at Catawba College from 1959 to 1961, compiling a career college football record of 13–26–1. Mull was born in Marion, North Carolina in 1922 to Horace and Estelle (Houck) Mull. He graduated from Pleasant Garden High School where he played basketball. Mull graduated from Appalachian State Teacher's College in 1947, after having served as a reconnaissance pilot in","title":"Pres Mull"},{"psg_id":"6114570","text":"on Billboard's R&B album chart in January 1965. Hip-O Select released a limited run fortieth anniversary deluxe edition of the album in 2004, which included both the mono and stereo versions of the album, as well as several outtakes, non-album tracks and a recorded live show from the Twenty Grand club in Detroit, Michigan. It sold out immediately. (see: Hip-O Select.com) They filmed performances of four of the singles from the album including \"Run, Run, Run\", \"When the Lovelight Starts Shining Through His Eyes\", \"Where Did Our Love Go\" and \"Baby Love\" for the concert film, \"The T.A.M.I. Show\" released","title":"Where Did Our Love Go (album)"},{"psg_id":"12236521","text":"Terrence Des Pres Terrence Des Pres (1939 in Effingham, Illinois – November 16, 1987 in Hamilton, New York) was an American writer and Holocaust scholar. Terrence Des Pres graduated from Southeast Missouri State College in 1962. He went on to complete graduate degrees in philosophy at Washington University in St. Louis. He spent time with John Nathan at Harvard University as Harvard Junior Fellows, where Des Pres was the society's sommelier and they formed a friendship. He was married twice and had a son, Jean-Paul, with his first wife Judith. His widow, Liz, is now a physician living in the","title":"Terrence Des Pres"},{"psg_id":"19313349","text":"5th Dimension recorded \"Go Where You Wanna Go\" for their debut studio album in 1967, \"Up, Up and Away\". Johnny Rivers suggested the group cover the song. The song was the group's first single, and reached number 16 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. It also did well in Canada. It is among the group's 10 biggest hits. Go Where You Wanna Go \"Go Where You Wanna Go\" is a 1965 song written by John Phillips. It was originally recorded by The Mamas & the Papas on their LP \"If You Can Believe Your Eyes and Ears\" and given limited","title":"Go Where You Wanna Go"},{"psg_id":"13459612","text":"disco progenitors Jean-Marc Cerrone and Giorgio Moroder. \"Where You Go I Go Too\" is often classified as \"space disco\" due to these influences and because it possesses a \"spacey, psychedelic\" sound. Lindstrøm listened to the Beach Boys, the Eagles, and Kirsty MacColl while writing the album. \"Where You Go I Go Too\" debuted at No. 11 on the Norwegian music chart. The following week it fell to No. 27 before leaving the list. The record did not chart internationally. In 2009, \"Where You Go I Go Too\" received a Spellemannprisen award for \"best electronica album\". The album was well received","title":"Where You Go I Go Too"},{"psg_id":"15832704","text":"adequate linguistic competence and research methodology ... and her major arguments cannot withstand close scrutiny. Her conclusion fails to consider all the evidence supporting Marco Polo's credibility.\" Did Marco Polo Go to China? Did Marco Polo Go to China? is a 1995 book, by Frances Wood, arguing that Italian explorer Marco Polo never visited China but travelled no further than Persia and that he based his description of China on accounts from Persian travelers. The book notes that Polo failed to mention the Great Wall, the use of chopsticks as eating utensils, tea, foot-binding, Chinese calligraphy or other significant features","title":"Did Marco Polo Go to China?"},{"psg_id":"15832699","text":"Did Marco Polo Go to China? Did Marco Polo Go to China? is a 1995 book, by Frances Wood, arguing that Italian explorer Marco Polo never visited China but travelled no further than Persia and that he based his description of China on accounts from Persian travelers. The book notes that Polo failed to mention the Great Wall, the use of chopsticks as eating utensils, tea, foot-binding, Chinese calligraphy or other significant features and that there are no Chinese records of Polo's presence. Thus it is a typical example of an argument from silence. Some archeologists have pointed to inconsistencies","title":"Did Marco Polo Go to China?"},{"psg_id":"14757563","text":"Pres Romanillos Priscillano \"Pres\" Antonio Romanillos (January 11, 1963 – July 17, 2010) was a Hollywood animator who had a long and successful career at studios such as DreamWorks and Walt Disney. He was responsible for breathing life into many memorable animated characters including the Native American Little Creek in DreamWorks' \"\", \"Pocahontas\", and the villainous Hun Shan-Yu in Disney's \"Mulan\". Romanillos was born on January 11, 1963 in Zamboanga City in the Philippines. When he was six years old, His family moved to Queens, New York City where he grew up. As a boy, his older brother Bob had","title":"Pres Romanillos"},{"psg_id":"12817983","text":"off– faithfully the pres– the office of President of the United States.\" Obama then repeated Roberts' initial incorrect wording. Roberts ended the presidential oath by appending the phrase \"so help you God\" to the end of the constitutionally prescribed oath, and Obama responded \"so help me God\" when he was prompted. Obama had asked previously to include \"so help me God\" after the oath. Roberts then congratulated Obama as the new President. Much public discussion arose about the errors in administering and reciting the oath. Several constitutional scholars said that Obama should retake the oath. Boston University constitutional scholar Jack","title":"First inauguration of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"20096330","text":"County SC in December 2018, ahead of their 2019 season. Des Pres has been capped twice by the United States at under-19 level. In April 2017, he was called up to a training camp by the under-20 team ahead of the 2017 FIFA U-20 World Cup. Des Pres is also eligible to play for France. Sebastien Des Pres Sebastien Francois Turenne Des Pres (born 11 November 1998) is an American soccer player who plays for Orange County SC in the USL Championship. Des Pres joined the academy at Real Salt Lake in 2015, scoring two goals in 33 games in","title":"Sebastien Des Pres"},{"psg_id":"20096329","text":"Sebastien Des Pres Sebastien Francois Turenne Des Pres (born 11 November 1998) is an American soccer player who plays for Orange County SC in the USL Championship. Des Pres joined the academy at Real Salt Lake in 2015, scoring two goals in 33 games in the 2015–16 season. In January 2017, he joined Football League Two side Blackpool on an 18-month contract. He made his debut for the Seasiders in an EFL Trophy game against Wycombe Wanderers on 10 January 2017. Des Pres joined Fleetwood Town on a 12-month contract in September 2017. Des Pres joined USL Championship side Orange","title":"Sebastien Des Pres"},{"psg_id":"4322168","text":"Josette du Pres Josette du Pres (or Josette Collins) is a character played primarily by Kathryn Leigh Scott during the 1795 flashback on the cult TV serial \"Dark Shadows\". Born in 1774 in France, her widowed father was Andre du Pres (David Ford) a wealthy sugarcane planter on the Caribbean island of Martinique. Raised by her father and her paternal aunt, the Countess Natalie du Pres (Grayson Hall), the lovely and sympathetic Josette came to Collinsport, Maine in 1795 to marry Barnabas Collins (Jonathan Frid). Though Barnabas had become engaged to Josette following an earlier visit to Martinique, he had","title":"Josette du Pres"},{"psg_id":"12236522","text":"Boston area. Des Pres is most well known for his work on the Holocaust documented in: \"\". At Colgate University he taught \"Literature of the Holocaust\" and was the William Henry Crawshaw Chair in Literature. At Colgate, he spent time with writer Frederick Busch. He wrote \"Praises and Dispraises\", published posthumously in 1988, which dealt with poetry and its usefulness for survival. According to John Nathan's memoir, Des Pres committed suicide on November 16, 1987. Des Pres' death was ruled \"accidental\" by the Madison county medical examiners office, Madison, NY. According to a 1990 \"Boston Globe\" article, Des Pres died","title":"Terrence Des Pres"},{"psg_id":"20433502","text":"structures were completed in New Zealand. Following the systems success, international research efforts have begun at ETH Zurich, the University of Basilicata, Washington State University and several other research institutions. In 2017 the NHERI Tallwood project was started with funding from the U.S. National Science Foundation focused on further validation of Pres-Lam in North America. Pres-Lam Pres-Lam is a method of mass engineered timber construction that uses high strength unbonded steel cables or bars to create connections between timber beams and columns or columns and walls and their foundations. As a prestressed structure the steel cables clamp members together creating","title":"Pres-Lam"},{"psg_id":"20433500","text":"Pres-Lam Pres-Lam is a method of mass engineered timber construction that uses high strength unbonded steel cables or bars to create connections between timber beams and columns or columns and walls and their foundations. As a prestressed structure the steel cables clamp members together creating connections which are stronger and more compact than traditional timber fastening systems. In earthquake zones, the steel cables can be coupled with internal or external steel reinforcing which provide additional strength and energy dissipation creating a damage avoiding structural system. Pres-Lam can be used in conjunction with any mass engineered timber product such as Glue","title":"Pres-Lam"},{"psg_id":"18771486","text":"The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray on February 21, 2012. Unearthed Films handles the home video distribution. The film has yet to be released on streaming services. \"Where the Dead Go to Die\" was panned by many viewers and Internet animation critics, criticizing its three stories, animation, characters, voice acting, writing, use of music, and incredibly dark content, such as eating fetuses, genital mutilation, bestiality, and necrophilia. It was however reviewed well in many horror publications, such as Rue Morgue, DVDtalk, and horrornews. Where the Dead Go to Die Where the Dead Go to Die is a 2012","title":"Where the Dead Go to Die"},{"psg_id":"12273873","text":"'30s,\" concluding that on \"Pres and Teddy\" Young was in \"particularly expressive form\". CD Reissue Pres and Teddy Pres and Teddy is a 1959 jazz studio album by The Lester Young and Teddy Wilson Quartet. Originally released by Verve, it has subsequently been reissued on CD by Verve, Universal Japan and Lonehill Jazz. Recording a January 1956 reunion session between Young and Wilson, the album includes six standard swing jazz songs with one original composition, \"Pres Returns.\" In spite of Young's failing health, the album is critically acclaimed as among the best of his later works as well as being","title":"Pres and Teddy"},{"psg_id":"12273869","text":"Pres and Teddy Pres and Teddy is a 1959 jazz studio album by The Lester Young and Teddy Wilson Quartet. Originally released by Verve, it has subsequently been reissued on CD by Verve, Universal Japan and Lonehill Jazz. Recording a January 1956 reunion session between Young and Wilson, the album includes six standard swing jazz songs with one original composition, \"Pres Returns.\" In spite of Young's failing health, the album is critically acclaimed as among the best of his later works as well as being among the best albums produced by Verve Record's founder Norman Granz. \"Pres and Teddy\" is","title":"Pres and Teddy"},{"psg_id":"14757570","text":"Steve Hulett, business representative of the Animation Guild, said of him that \"If there was anyone in this wacky business who deserved another twenty or thirty years of artistic success, Pres was at or near the top of the list.\" Pres Romanillos Priscillano \"Pres\" Antonio Romanillos (January 11, 1963 – July 17, 2010) was a Hollywood animator who had a long and successful career at studios such as DreamWorks and Walt Disney. He was responsible for breathing life into many memorable animated characters including the Native American Little Creek in DreamWorks' \"\", \"Pocahontas\", and the villainous Hun Shan-Yu in Disney's","title":"Pres Romanillos"},{"psg_id":"12202412","text":"That Is Where I'll Go \"That Is Where I'll Go\" is the debut single from singer Sibel Redžep. The song, written by Christian Antblad with strings from the Scandinavian Strings Orchestra, was Sibel Redžep's entry in Melodifestivalen 2008, the Swedish national contest which decides their Eurovision entry. The song did not win but did advance to the grand final. On 27 April 2008, the song was tested for Svensktoppen, but failed to enter. The single was released on 5 March 2008. It stayed on the official Swedish charts for a total of nine weeks, from 13 March to 8 May","title":"That Is Where I'll Go"},{"psg_id":"12202413","text":"2008, peaking at number six on April 3. That Is Where I'll Go \"That Is Where I'll Go\" is the debut single from singer Sibel Redžep. The song, written by Christian Antblad with strings from the Scandinavian Strings Orchestra, was Sibel Redžep's entry in Melodifestivalen 2008, the Swedish national contest which decides their Eurovision entry. The song did not win but did advance to the grand final. On 27 April 2008, the song was tested for Svensktoppen, but failed to enter. The single was released on 5 March 2008. It stayed on the official Swedish charts for a total of","title":"That Is Where I'll Go"},{"psg_id":"15069300","text":"Where Do We Go Now? Where Do We Go Now? ( , ) is a 2011 film by Lebanese director Nadine Labaki. The film premiered during the 2011 Cannes Film Festival as part of Un Certain Regard . The film was selected to represent Lebanon for the 84th Academy Awards, but it did not make the final shortlist. The film won the People's Choice Award at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival. \"Where Do We Go Now?\" tells the story of a remote, isolated unnamed Lebanese village inhabited by both Muslims and Christians. The village is surrounded by land mines","title":"Where Do We Go Now?"},{"psg_id":"19313348","text":"Go Where You Wanna Go \"Go Where You Wanna Go\" is a 1965 song written by John Phillips. It was originally recorded by The Mamas & the Papas on their LP \"If You Can Believe Your Eyes and Ears\" and given limited release as a single. However, the record was withdrawn and its B-side reassigned to \"California Dreamin'.\" \"Go Where You Wanna Go\" was later made into a hit by The 5th Dimension. P.F. Sloan played guitar on the song. John Phillips said that he wrote it about Michelle Phillips' affair with Russ Titelman, a songwriter and record producer. The","title":"Go Where You Wanna Go"},{"psg_id":"13832719","text":"Go to School\", after pestering his parents to stay home from school, because if he did he would write a song. Subsequently, Nat wrote the song and then he was sent to school anyway. The band began recording their new album in mid-2007. The songs were recorded for the second season of \"The Naked Brothers Band\" television series. Recording took as short as three months, which ended in October 2007. The album was slated for an April 2008 release, just five months after their debut album, \"The Naked Brothers Band\". Nat and Alex released two versions, the normal album and","title":"I Don't Want to Go to School"},{"psg_id":"18771485","text":"Where the Dead Go to Die Where the Dead Go to Die is a 2012 American computer-animated anthology horror crime drama written, directed, composed, edited, and animated by James \"Jimmy ScreamerClauz\" Creamer. The film revolves around a group of kids living on the same block. The kids named Tommy, Sofia, and Ralph are being haunted by a talking, black, red-eyed dog named Labby, who takes them on a hellish ride through dimensions and time periods. The first segment is called \"Tainted Milk\", the second is called \"Liquid Memories\", and the last segment is called \"The Mask That the Monsters Wear\".","title":"Where the Dead Go to Die"},{"psg_id":"4322177","text":"is visibly disturbed when Victoria suggests she herself is related to Josette. Due to technical limitations at the time, it would have been impossible for actress Alexandra Moltke to portray both characters when the series explored the events which turned Barnabas Collins into a vampire. As actress Kathryn Leigh Scott had played the ghost of Josette on occasion, it was only natural for the role to go to her. Any link between Victoria and Josette was quietly forgotten, and the idea that the two characters were connected would be resurrected in the 1991 NBC revival. Josette du Pres Josette du","title":"Josette du Pres"},{"psg_id":"15832701","text":"claims that the \"History of Yuan\" mentions Giovanni de Marignolli by name even though it mentions only the tributary gift that he brought to the Yuan court, a large impressive war horse given by the \"Franks\" (\"Fulang\") of Europe. The historian David Morgan also points out basic errors made such as confusing the Liao dynasty with the Jin dynasty, and he found no compelling evidence in the book that would convince him that Marco Polo did not go to China. Haw also argues in his book \"Marco Polo's China\" that Marco's account is much more correct and accurate than has","title":"Did Marco Polo Go to China?"},{"psg_id":"13459605","text":"Where You Go I Go Too Where You Go I Go Too is the first studio album by Norwegian electronica artist Hans-Peter Lindstrøm. It was first released in the United Kingdom on August 18, 2008 and was subsequently released the next day in the United States. The album comprises three tracks, roughly 30, 10, and 15 minutes in length. \"Where You Go I Go Too\" is usually labeled \"space disco\" due to its \"spacey, psychedelic\" feel and four-to-the-floor beats. Production of the album followed the 2006 release of \"It's a Feedelity Affair\", a compilation of singles. Lindstrøm had become dissatisfied","title":"Where You Go I Go Too"},{"psg_id":"11220958","text":"flee the scene. Filmed on November 15–18, 1938, the title \"A Ducking They Did Go\" is a play on the old children's song \"A-Hunting We Will Go.\" The closing shot of the Stooges leaping over a bush, and landing on a trio of bucking steers was recycled from the end of 1936's \"A Pain in the Pullman\". A Ducking They Did Go A Ducking They Did Go is the 38th short film released by Columbia Pictures in 1939 starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges (Moe Howard, Larry Fine and Curly Howard). The comedians released 190 short films for","title":"A Ducking They Did Go"},{"psg_id":"5486407","text":"Where Do Broken Hearts Go \"Where Do Broken Hearts Go\" is the fourth single from Whitney Houston's second album, \"Whitney\". The ballad was released on February 25, 1988. The song was written by Frank Wildhorn and Chuck Jackson and produced by Narada Michael Walden. Wildhorn approached Jackson about the opportunity to write for Whitney Houston. Jackson came up with the title, and Wildhorn completed the music and lyrics for the song. Smokey Robinson originally wanted to record the song; however, Wildhorn and Jackson held the song for Houston. Initially, Houston did not want to record the song, feeling there was","title":"Where Do Broken Hearts Go"},{"psg_id":"20030086","text":"stars out of a possible five stating that the album was \"great\" for \"worship leaders or any body who loves new, fresh worship music.\" Adapted from AllMusic. Where You Go I Go Where You Go I Go is the third live album by American Christian worship duo Brian & Jenn Johnson. The album was released on September 30, 2008 by ION Records. Jeremy Edwardson and Brian Johnson worked together on the production of the album. The album was recorded live at Bethel Church in Redding, California. In a review for Cross Rhythms, Adrian Cherrill bestowed the album eight squares out","title":"Where You Go I Go"},{"psg_id":"20030085","text":"Where You Go I Go Where You Go I Go is the third live album by American Christian worship duo Brian & Jenn Johnson. The album was released on September 30, 2008 by ION Records. Jeremy Edwardson and Brian Johnson worked together on the production of the album. The album was recorded live at Bethel Church in Redding, California. In a review for Cross Rhythms, Adrian Cherrill bestowed the album eight squares out of ten, saying \"Lyrically strong and excellently played, the whole album exudes a powerful worship atmosphere.\" Justin K of NewReleaseToday rated the album four and a half","title":"Where You Go I Go"},{"psg_id":"15705521","text":"Where You Came From\"'s viewing figures made it the highest-rating programme for SBS in 2011. An estimated 524,000 metropolitan viewers watched the first episode, followed by 569,000 for the second and 600,000 for the third. The broadcaster subsequently held a televised forum event to reflect on the series and the public debate about asylum seekers. Episode 1 Episode 2 Episode 3 Episode 1 Episode 2 Episode 3 The series has had international versions after the concept was sold to the following countries: Go Back to Where You Came From Go Back To Where You Came From is a Logie Award-winning","title":"Go Back to Where You Came From"},{"psg_id":"20433501","text":"Laminated Timber, Laminated Veneer Lumber or Cross Laminated Timber. The concept of Pres-Lam was developed at the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, New Zealand by a team lead by Professors Stefano Pampanin, Alessandro Palermo and Andy Buchanan in collaboration with PreStressed Timber Limited (PTL). The system stems from techniques developed during the US PRESSS at the University of California in San Diego during the 1990s under the leadership of New Zealand structural engineer Prof. Nigel Priestley. Beginning in 2008 a 5 year research campaign was begun under the Structural Timber Innovation Company. During this period the first examples of Pres-Lam","title":"Pres-Lam"},{"psg_id":"18295778","text":"the situation in Haiti was improving. But other NGO employees, like Julie Schindall from Oxfam America and Barth A. Green from Project Medishare, expressed that they were still in need of funds and resources from these larger NGOs to maintain their services. Part 4: Infrastructure, Communication, and Hurricanes While Michele was in Haiti, a hurricane was expected to hit the island. The government as well as NGOs encouraged Haitians living in the camps to evacuate. They expressed that they had nowhere else to go, and refused to move, preferring instead to wait out the storm in their tents. Following the","title":"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go"},{"psg_id":"13018639","text":"Mendell's original reporting) and a wide range of interviews with Obama's aides, mentors, political adversaries, and family. \"Obama: From Promise to Power\" was one of the first biographies of the 2008 presidential campaign season, but upon its publication it did not receive the same attention as books about Hillary Clinton, who was initially considered a stronger contender for the 2008 Democratic Party presidential nomination. As a result, Mendell and \"Obama: From Promise To Power\" did not receive the same large-scale book tours and press attention as did such Clinton biographies as \"A Woman in Charge: The Life of Hillary Rodham","title":"Obama: From Promise to Power"},{"psg_id":"19980129","text":"Josquin Des Pres (20th century musician) Josquin Des Pres (born Josquin Turenne Des Pres) is a 20th-century French-born American composer, bassist, author, producer, songwriter and most known for his contributions to music media books for Hal Leonard Corporation and Mel Bay instructional music books. Josquin has written a vast library of compositions and music techniques on bass, music studies and various collections which are used by music teachers, private studies and in schools both nationally and internationally as a standard tool in the music industry. Des Pres is also a collaborative writer with English lyricist, poet, and singer Bernie Taupin","title":"Josquin Des Pres (20th century musician)"},{"psg_id":"19980123","text":"Josquin Des Pres (20th century musician) Josquin Des Pres (born Josquin Turenne Des Pres) is a 20th-century French-born American composer, bassist, author, producer, songwriter and most known for his contributions to music media books for Hal Leonard Corporation and Mel Bay instructional music books. Josquin has written a vast library of compositions and music techniques on bass, music studies and various collections which are used by music teachers, private studies and in schools both nationally and internationally as a standard tool in the music industry. Des Pres is also a collaborative writer with English lyricist, poet, and singer Bernie Taupin","title":"Josquin Des Pres (20th century musician)"},{"psg_id":"3987797","text":"were working on a further sequel, \"Farewell Marie-Claire,\" in which the story was brought to a conclusion. The song was to feature the same waltz feel as the original. But Sarstedt's retirement from the music industry meant that the track was abandoned. Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)? \"Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)?\" is a song by the British singer–songwriter Peter Sarstedt. Its recording was produced by Ray Singer, engineered by John Mackswith at Lansdowne Recording Studios and released in 1969. It was a number-one 1 hit in the UK Singles Chart for four weeks in 1969,","title":"Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)?"},{"psg_id":"15705518","text":"Go Back to Where You Came From Go Back To Where You Came From is a Logie Award-winning Australian TV documentary series, produced by Cordell Jigsaw Productions and broadcast in 2011 (Season 1), 2012 (Season 2) and 2015 (Season 3) on SBS. The series followed two parties, each of six Australians, all members having differing opinions on Australia's asylum seeker debate, being taken on a journey in reverse to that which refugees have taken to reach Australia. The six Australian participants were Gleny Rae, Adam Hartup, Raquel Moore, Darren Hassan, Raye Colbey, and Roderick Schneider. Deprived of their wallets, phones","title":"Go Back to Where You Came From"},{"psg_id":"12498147","text":"Where do you want to go today? “Where do you want to go today?” was the title of Microsoft’s 2nd global image advertising campaign. The broadcast, print and outdoor advertising campaign was launched in November 1994 through the advertising agency Wieden+Kennedy, the firm best known for its work on behalf of Nike, Inc. The campaign, which \"The New York Times\" described as taking “a winsome, humanistic approach to demystifying technology”, had Microsoft spending $100 million through July 1995, of which $25 million would be spent during the holiday shopping season ending in December 1994. Tony Kaye directed a series of","title":"Where do you want to go today?"},{"psg_id":"13459617","text":"generic library music...\" While Draper considered it a solid song, he decided it was a \"little too saccharine for its own good\". Hoffman enjoyed the song and wrote \"the vibe is rangy and exultant [...] as blissful and bemused as the vehemently unpretentious [cover] shot of Lindstrøm.\" All songs written by Hans-Peter Lindstrøm except where noted. Original release iTunes bonus song (also available on Spotify) Special edition Where You Go I Go Too Where You Go I Go Too is the first studio album by Norwegian electronica artist Hans-Peter Lindstrøm. It was first released in the United Kingdom on August","title":"Where You Go I Go Too"},{"psg_id":"3987790","text":"Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)? \"Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)?\" is a song by the British singer–songwriter Peter Sarstedt. Its recording was produced by Ray Singer, engineered by John Mackswith at Lansdowne Recording Studios and released in 1969. It was a number-one 1 hit in the UK Singles Chart for four weeks in 1969, and was awarded the 1969 Ivor Novello Award for Best Song Musically and Lyrically. In the United States, the record reached No. 61 on the Cash Box Top 100 Singles. The single also peaked at No. 70 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100","title":"Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)?"},{"psg_id":"12498150","text":"New York Times\" as mutual. Dan Wieden, president and chief creative officer of the advertising agency, characterized the relationship with Microsoft as “intense” and said that it had “run its course”. The slogan is used on some Australian commercials. Where do you want to go today? “Where do you want to go today?” was the title of Microsoft’s 2nd global image advertising campaign. The broadcast, print and outdoor advertising campaign was launched in November 1994 through the advertising agency Wieden+Kennedy, the firm best known for its work on behalf of Nike, Inc. The campaign, which \"The New York Times\" described","title":"Where do you want to go today?"},{"psg_id":"5509539","text":"is one of the leading U.S. public health crises. In May 2014, Obama joined the campaign to bring back school girls who had been kidnapped in Nigeria. The First Lady tweeted a picture of herself holding a poster with the #bringbackourgirls campaign hashtag. Over the course of the Obama presidency, particularly during the second term, Michelle Obama was subject to speculation over whether she would run for the presidency herself, similarly to predecessor Hillary Clinton. A potential Michelle Obama candidacy was supported by both Samuel L. Jackson and James Clyburn. On April 6, 2009, CNN did a poll on whether","title":"Michelle Obama"},{"psg_id":"6985853","text":"Now Where Did the 7th Company Get to? Now Where Did the 7th Company Get To? () is a 1973 French-Italian comedy war film directed by Robert Lamoureux. The film portraya the adventures of three French soldiers lost somewhere on the front in May 1940 during the Battle of France. During the Battle of France, while German forces are spreading across the country, the 7th Transmission Company suffers an air raid near the Machecoul woods, but survive and hide in the woods. Captain Dumont, the company commander, sends Louis Chaudard, Pithiviers and Tassin to scout the area. After burying the","title":"Now Where Did the 7th Company Get to?"},{"psg_id":"9384330","text":"Leo du Pres Leonardo \"Leo\" du Pres is a fictional character from the American ABC Daytime soap opera \"All My Children\". The role was portrayed by actor Josh Duhamel from November 22, 1999 to the character's death onscreen on October 17, 2002. Duhamel reprised his role for two episodes in August 2011. Duhamel won a Daytime Emmy for Best Supporting Actor in 2002 for the role. His portrayal of the character, and the effect it had on viewers, was cited in a \"TV Guide\" interview as causing mania, an extension being Leo's death, as viewers could not grasp such a","title":"Leo du Pres"},{"psg_id":"6985859","text":"When Captain Dumont joins his Chaudard, Tassin, and Pithiviers in the truck, who salute the German commander with a great smile. The movie received a great success in France reaching the third best selling movie in 1974. Now Where Did the 7th Company Get to? Now Where Did the 7th Company Get To? () is a 1973 French-Italian comedy war film directed by Robert Lamoureux. The film portraya the adventures of three French soldiers lost somewhere on the front in May 1940 during the Battle of France. During the Battle of France, while German forces are spreading across the country,","title":"Now Where Did the 7th Company Get to?"},{"psg_id":"17336810","text":"January 2011, Issa said in October 2010 that the committee would not seek to impeach Obama. In August 2011, Republican Congressman Michael C. Burgess of Texas agreed with a rally audience member that the impeachment of Barack Obama \"needs to happen\" in order to prevent Obama from \"pushing his agenda\". Burgess did not mention any grounds for impeachment. In June 2012, Senator Jon Kyl said on the Bill Bennett radio show that \"if it’s bad enough and if shenanigans involved in it, then of course impeachment is always a possibility. But I don’t think at this point anybody is talking","title":"Efforts to impeach Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"13459614","text":"pleasure [...] \"Where You Go I Go Too\" would make even the most hellish of journeys seem like a first-class trip.\" Jim Brackpool of Yahoo! Music felt audience reactions would be polarized; some would find it \"sophisticated and lovingly crafted\", while others might be put off by its \"unabashed opulence\". No Ripcord writer Sam Draper christened the record \"one of the finest pieces of music [he had] heard in years.\" \"Pitchfork\" editor Tim Finney believed \"Where You Go I Go Too\" showed signs of a masterpiece, but also possessed \"bloat, excess, and splendor\" reminiscent of disco revivalists. \"Pitchfork\" named it","title":"Where You Go I Go Too"},{"psg_id":"13459610","text":"\"Where You Go I Go Too\" was released by Smalltown Supersound on August 18, 2008 in the United Kingdom, and August 19 in the United States. A special edition was issued on December 23, 2008. The album featured a bonus disc with edited versions of the original tracks by frequent Lindstrøm collaborator Prins Thomas. Lindstrøm toured in Austria, Germany, Spain, and the United States that fall. \"Where You Go I Go Too\" comprises three tracks, roughly 30, 10, and 15 minutes in duration, which seamlessly flow into each other in transitions that were described as \"gradual and subtle\". The songs","title":"Where You Go I Go Too"},{"psg_id":"15675402","text":"singing about a growing apart and making choices when a relationship changes. He serenades the camera, pleading, \"Where do we go from here? My heart, my soul, won't let you go,\" as he tosses a notebook of lyrics across the room and stares hopelessly off into the distance. \"Where Do We Go\" may be his venture into ballads and an acoustic side. Credits adapted are taken from Allmusic. Where Do We Go \"Where Do We Go\" is a song by British recording artist, Jay Sean, taken from his mixtape album,\"The Mistress\" and is the mixtape's lead single. The song was","title":"Where Do We Go"},{"psg_id":"5509555","text":"for international education for women by speaking at the 2015 World Innovation Summit for Education for her \"Let Girls Learn\" initiative in Doha, Qatar and touring a school in Amman, Jordan, where she met with female students. During the Qatar trip, Obama had intended to visit Jordan as well, but the trip was canceled due to weather conditions. In Jordan, Obama had intended to visit an Amman school, which had been constructed with assistance from U.S. funds. In March 2016, Obama accompanied her husband and children to Cuba in a trip that was seen by the administration as having the","title":"Michelle Obama"},{"psg_id":"11664624","text":"was subjected to beatings and abuse that left him with physical scars and a loathing of the British. David Maraniss' 2012 biography of President Barack Obama states that his grandfather Obama did not participate in the insurrections; nor was he ever imprisoned by the British during the uprising. He continued to be trusted by white Kenyans. When Obama (Sr.) was about six years old and attending a Christian missionary school, he converted from Islam to Anglicanism when strongly encouraged by the staff. He changed his name from \"Baraka\" to \"Barack.\" Obama (Sr.) later became an atheist, believing that religion was","title":"Barack Obama Sr."},{"psg_id":"17336811","text":"about that.\" when discussing the Obama Administration policy on immigration. In May 2013, Republican Senator James Inhofe of Oklahoma stated that President Obama could be impeached over what he alleged was a White House cover-up after the deadly attack against two United States government facilities in Benghazi, Libya on September 11, 2012. Inhofe said that \"of all the great cover-ups in history—the Pentagon papers, Iran-Contra, Watergate, all the rest of them—this ... is going to go down as most egregious cover-up in American history\". Republican Congressman Jason Chaffetz of Utah also stated in an interview that impeachment was \"within the","title":"Efforts to impeach Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"8835229","text":"but the love itself didn’t die. The death of Leo saddened and frustrated the fans but left them with the thought that these two were meant to be together,\" she said. In 2011, with the return of Josh Duhamel as Leo, the pairing were also referred to as a supercouple by \"Entertainment Weekly\"'s Lynette Rice. Leo du Pres and Greenlee Smythe Leo du Pres and Greenlee Smythe du Pres are fictional characters and a supercouple from the American daytime drama \"All My Children\". Leo was portrayed by Josh Duhamel, and Greenlee was portrayed by Rebecca Budig. The couple is often","title":"Leo du Pres and Greenlee Smythe"},{"psg_id":"8835206","text":"Leo du Pres and Greenlee Smythe Leo du Pres and Greenlee Smythe du Pres are fictional characters and a supercouple from the American daytime drama \"All My Children\". Leo was portrayed by Josh Duhamel, and Greenlee was portrayed by Rebecca Budig. The couple is often referred to by the portmanteau \"Greenleo\" (for Greenlee and Leo) on Internet message boards. The pairing accumulated significant acclaim and media attention during their reign, 1999 to 2002, including two nominations at the Daytime Emmy Awards for America's Favorite Couple. Their loving but antagonistic relationship is regarded as one of the greatest romances in American","title":"Leo du Pres and Greenlee Smythe"},{"psg_id":"11220955","text":"A Ducking They Did Go A Ducking They Did Go is the 38th short film released by Columbia Pictures in 1939 starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges (Moe Howard, Larry Fine and Curly Howard). The comedians released 190 short films for the studio between 1934 and 1959. The Stooges are once again unemployed. After an unsuccessful attempt to steal a watermelon from a deliveryman (Cy Schindell), which lands them in trouble with a cop (William Irving), the boys wind up at the offices of the Canvas Back Duck Club. The club, run by conmen Blackie (Lynton Brent) and","title":"A Ducking They Did Go"},{"psg_id":"15947716","text":"of \"Time\" also considers it a fitting final single, comparing it with the wistfulness of \"Man on the Moon\" and \"The Boston Herald\"s Jed Gottlieb has compared it favorably to R.E.M. ballads \"Nightswimming\" and \"Perfect Circle\". We All Go Back to Where We Belong \"We All Go Back to Where We Belong\" is the final single from American alternative rock band R.E.M., released in 2011. The song is the lead single from the band's final album, the career-spanning greatest hits compilation \"Part Lies, Part Heart, Part Truth, Part Garbage 1982–2011\". The song was made available over the Internet on October","title":"We All Go Back to Where We Belong"},{"psg_id":"15947713","text":"We All Go Back to Where We Belong \"We All Go Back to Where We Belong\" is the final single from American alternative rock band R.E.M., released in 2011. The song is the lead single from the band's final album, the career-spanning greatest hits compilation \"Part Lies, Part Heart, Part Truth, Part Garbage 1982–2011\". The song was made available over the Internet on October 17, 2011. The song was originally written by bassist Mike Mills and was recorded by the band in Athens, Georgia in July 2011, after the sessions for its final studio release, \"Collapse into Now\". The band","title":"We All Go Back to Where We Belong"},{"psg_id":"8867126","text":"through New York on the back of a flat bed truck interspersed with shots of the band playing in a room dressed in Victorian costume. Ginger can be seen playing a guitar in the shape of the band's Smileybones logo in the New York shots. I Wanna Go Where the People Go \"I Wanna Go Where the People Go\" is a 1995 single by The Wildhearts. The limited edition 'Passport Pack' release for this single features different artwork to the other three formats – a leather-effect, three-panel digipak with a mock passport design, using the band's Smileybones logo as the","title":"I Wanna Go Where the People Go"},{"psg_id":"8867125","text":"I Wanna Go Where the People Go \"I Wanna Go Where the People Go\" is a 1995 single by The Wildhearts. The limited edition 'Passport Pack' release for this single features different artwork to the other three formats – a leather-effect, three-panel digipak with a mock passport design, using the band's Smileybones logo as the centrepiece. The song peaked at #16 on the UK singles chart. A music video for the song was shot during The Wildhearts' stint in New York City. It features the band (at the time just a three piece following CJ's departure from the band) riding","title":"I Wanna Go Where the People Go"},{"psg_id":"19980126","text":"early 80s Josquin formed the melodic hard rock group Stress (pop rock band) with guitarist/vocalist Mike Thomas who were later joined by former Aerosmith guitarist Jimmy Crespo. In the late 1980s, Taupin and Des Pres wrote several songs covered by various artists around the globe. Over the last 4 decades, Josquin des Pres has produced CDs for major and independent labels, written songs for major and independent artists and as a bass player, Josquin Des Pres has recorded and shared credits with studio musicians. His most popular works are with drummer and percussionist Jeff Porcaro, American guitarist Steve Lukather, Bernie","title":"Josquin Des Pres (20th century musician)"},{"psg_id":"15675399","text":"Where Do We Go \"Where Do We Go\" is a song by British recording artist, Jay Sean, taken from his mixtape album,\"The Mistress\" and is the mixtape's lead single. The song was produced by OFM production team J-Remy and Bobby Bass. Jay Sean asks \"Where Do We Go\" on the first release from his mixtape The Mistress featuring acoustic renditions of original songs and his spin on some beloved classics. The Cash Money crooner tries to put back the pieces of a broken relationship on the stripped-down ballad, which is also accompanied by a video of him in the studio,","title":"Where Do We Go"},{"psg_id":"13832718","text":"I Don't Want to Go to School I Don't Want To Go To School is the second soundtrack album by The Naked Brothers Band, it was the soundtrack for the second season of The Naked Brothers Band. The album was released as a deluxe fanpack that includes a poster, lyrics and two bonus tracks. When the band's mockumentary television series was commissioned for a second season, the boys' mother Polly Draper asked her sons to record a new album. Initially, the siblings started to write new songs in 2007. Nat Wolff wrote the title's hit track, \"I Don't Want to","title":"I Don't Want to Go to School"},{"psg_id":"12648950","text":"that the federal government would phase out the use of private prisons. Obama commuted the sentences of over 1,000 individuals, a higher number of commutations than any other president, and most of Obama's commutations went to nonviolent drug offenders. Obama called for gun control measures in the aftermath of several mass shootings, but was unable to pass a major bill. In 2009, Obama discussed reinstating the Federal Assault Weapons Ban, but did not make a strong push to pass it through Congress at that time. Following the December 2012 Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, Obama outlined a series of sweeping","title":"Presidency of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"17432271","text":"Where Does This Door Go Where Does This Door Go is the third studio album by American singer Mayer Hawthorne. It was released on July 16, 2013, by Republic Records. \"Where Does This Door Go\" received generally positive reviews from critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, the album received an average score of 73, based on 17 reviews. Michael Gallucci of \"The A.V. Club\" stated, \"For all of his apparent devotion to the genre, Hawthorne comes off somewhat soulless on \"Where Does This Door Go\".\" Derek Staples of \"Consequence of","title":"Where Does This Door Go"},{"psg_id":"18959800","text":"Surrender at Home, War Abroad more than I did in the end\", and \"stripped of its Gore Vidal-school tendentiousness, the book has some reasonable things to say about the Obama presidency\", while in the \"New York Journal of Books\", the reviewer wrote \"Ali’s progressive stance confronts the illusions sold to voters in 2008 by a compliant media and capitalist firms\". The Obama Syndrome The Obama Syndrome: Surrender at Home, War Abroad is a 2010 book by British-Pakistani writer, journalist, political activist and historian Tariq Ali. The book, described as \"a merciless dissection of Obama’s overseas escalation and domestic retreat\" is","title":"The Obama Syndrome"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13279845\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"there is a perceptible poignancy and longing weaved throughout Jenkins' arrangements. The opener \\\"Where Did Everyone Go?\\\" possesses a solitude accentuated by responsive instrumentation that supports, yet never intrudes. Cole's practically conversational delivery of pop standards...become musical soliloquies with the score as a sonic subtext.\\\" Where Did Everyone Go? Where Did Everyone Go? is a 1963 studio album by Nat King Cole, arranged by Gordon Jenkins. This was the third and final album that Cole and Jenkins recorded together, following \\\"Love Is the Thing\\\" (1957) and \\\"The Very Thought of You\\\" (1958). The initial \\\"Billboard\\\" review from April 13, 1963\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Everyone Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13279844\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did Everyone Go? Where Did Everyone Go? is a 1963 studio album by Nat King Cole, arranged by Gordon Jenkins. This was the third and final album that Cole and Jenkins recorded together, following \\\"Love Is the Thing\\\" (1957) and \\\"The Very Thought of You\\\" (1958). The initial \\\"Billboard\\\" review from April 13, 1963 commented that \\\"Here he is in a superb collection of ballad tunes, many of them in a lonesome, blue mood, with standout backing provided by Gordon Jenkins...Great mood wax for buyers and spinners\\\". The Allmusic review of \\\"Where Did Everyone Go?\\\" by Lindsay Planer said\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Everyone Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11939649\",\n \"text\": \"in 1971. The single did not make the charts. Lee performed songs from this album, including \\\"Where Did They Go\\\" and \\\"My Sweet Lord,\\\" during her June 1971 engagement at The Frontier Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada. After completing work on \\\"Where Did They Go\\\", Peggy Lee did not return to the recording studio again until nearly a year later, when she began recording \\\"Norma Deloris Egstrom from Jamestown, North Dakota\\\" in April 1972. This album was released on 8-track, along with LP. Where Did They Go (album) Where Did They Go is a 1971 album by Peggy Lee. It\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did They Go (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11939648\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did They Go (album) Where Did They Go is a 1971 album by Peggy Lee. It was arranged and conducted by Don Sebesky and Al Capps. The recording sessions for this album took place at the Capitol Tower in Hollywood, California. \\\"Where Did They Go\\\" was Peggy Lee's first album not to make the \\\"Billboard\\\" 200 chart since her Grammy-winning hit \\\"Is That All There Is?\\\" in 1969. Burt Bacharach and Hal David wrote the song \\\"My Rock And Foundation\\\" specifically for Lee. Capitol Records released \\\"Where Did They Go\\\" (backed by \\\"All I Want\\\") as a 45\\\" single\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did They Go (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15358177\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did Our Love Go \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" is a 1964 song recorded by American music group the Supremes for the Motown label. Written and produced by Motown's main production team Holland–Dozier–Holland, \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" was the first single by the Supremes to go to the number-one position on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 pop singles chart in the United States, a position it held for two weeks, from August 16 to August 29, 1964. It was also the first of five Supremes songs in a row to reach number one (the others being \\\"Baby Love\\\", \\\"Come\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15358184\",\n \"text\": \"in Vietnam, and foreseeing the end of the early optimism of the 1960s. Where Did Our Love Go \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" is a 1964 song recorded by American music group the Supremes for the Motown label. Written and produced by Motown's main production team Holland–Dozier–Holland, \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" was the first single by the Supremes to go to the number-one position on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 pop singles chart in the United States, a position it held for two weeks, from August 16 to August 29, 1964. It was also the first of five Supremes songs\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11903014\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did Your Heart Go? \\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\" is a song written by American musicians David Was and Don Was. The song was first recorded and released by the writers' disco-dance-rock band Was (Not Was) as a single in the UK as a double A-side with \\\"Wheel Me Out\\\" in September 1981. The single did not chart. It was featured as the second track on the band's début album \\\"Was (Not Was)\\\" in August 1981. French editions of the single included the track \\\"It's an Attack!\\\" as the B-side. A live recording of \\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18295773\",\n \"text\": \"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go Haiti: Where Did the Money Go? is a 2012 Film at Eleven Media production that was produced, written and directed by Michele Mitchell. Shot in the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, the documentary looks at what really happens with the money donated to help with disaster aid. \\\"Haiti: Where Did The Money Go?\\\" aired on PBS and won the 2013 Edward R. Murrow Award for News Documentary. \\\"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go\\\" seeks to discover where the funds raised for the relief effort after the 2010 earthquake in Haiti really went. Taking\",\n \"title\": \"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18295781\",\n \"text\": \"Best Investigative Documentary •2013 Edward R. Murrow Award for News Documentary •2013 Women's International Film Festival Best Documentary Short Haiti: Where Did the Money Go Haiti: Where Did the Money Go? is a 2012 Film at Eleven Media production that was produced, written and directed by Michele Mitchell. Shot in the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, the documentary looks at what really happens with the money donated to help with disaster aid. \\\"Haiti: Where Did The Money Go?\\\" aired on PBS and won the 2013 Edward R. Murrow Award for News Documentary. \\\"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go\\\" seeks\",\n \"title\": \"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11903016\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\" was also included on \\\"The Final\\\" and \\\"Music from the Edge of Heaven\\\" albums. George Michael's arrangement of \\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\" is relatively faithful to the original Was (Not Was) version making only subtle changes to the song's instrumentation and structure. Michael alters the song by dropping the opening chorus in favour of an instrumental introduction of the chorus melody. The subdued ending is protracted in the Wham! recording, where the Was (Not Was) original quickly fades out after the completion of the final chorus; Michael's arrangement continues for an additional half a\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11903018\",\n \"text\": \"video for the Wham! version of the song was directed by George Michael and Andy Morahan. Where Did Your Heart Go? \\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\" is a song written by American musicians David Was and Don Was. The song was first recorded and released by the writers' disco-dance-rock band Was (Not Was) as a single in the UK as a double A-side with \\\"Wheel Me Out\\\" in September 1981. The single did not chart. It was featured as the second track on the band's début album \\\"Was (Not Was)\\\" in August 1981. French editions of the single included the\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6114571\",\n \"text\": \"on December 29, 1964. It was equivalent to Motown 25 or Live Aid as a pivotal music concert event . When it hit theaters nationwide, it undoubtedly raised and extended the visibility of the \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" album. All tracks written by Holland–Dozier–Holland except as noted. The original album sold a million copies {in 1964-1965} stateside alone. The limited exclusive \\\"40th Anniversary\\\" version is now listed as \\\"sold out\\\". It remains, to date, their third best-selling studio album. Where Did Our Love Go (album) Where Did Our Love Go is the second studio album by Motown singing group\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6114568\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did Our Love Go (album) Where Did Our Love Go is the second studio album by Motown singing group The Supremes, released in 1964. The album includes several of the group's singles and B-sides from 1963 and 1964. Included are the group's first Billboard Pop Singles number-one hits, \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\", \\\"Baby Love\\\", and \\\"Come See About Me\\\", as well as their first Top 40 hit, \\\"When the Lovelight Starts Shining Through His Eyes\\\", and the singles \\\"A Breathtaking Guy\\\" and \\\"Run, Run, Run\\\". With the release of this album, The Supremes became the first act in\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579887\",\n \"text\": \"her 1992 album \\\"Entre a Mi Mundo\\\". Where Did the Feeling Go? \\\"Where Did the Feeling Go?\\\" is a song written by Michael Masser and Norman Saleet and first recorded by American singer Jill Michaels in 1985, and then by Russell Hitchcock (from the band Air Supply) for his eponymous debut solo album in 1988. The song found renewed interest when Selena recorded the song a year later in 1989; however, it was not released until 1997 when it was featured in the film \\\"Selena\\\" and its soundtrack album, following her death in 1995. The song was later included on\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did the Feeling Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579886\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did the Feeling Go? \\\"Where Did the Feeling Go?\\\" is a song written by Michael Masser and Norman Saleet and first recorded by American singer Jill Michaels in 1985, and then by Russell Hitchcock (from the band Air Supply) for his eponymous debut solo album in 1988. The song found renewed interest when Selena recorded the song a year later in 1989; however, it was not released until 1997 when it was featured in the film \\\"Selena\\\" and its soundtrack album, following her death in 1995. The song was later included on the \\\"20 Years of Music\\\" version of\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did the Feeling Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11690819\",\n \"text\": \"released as a radio-single in the United States, where the song received airplay but failed to chart due in part to no official release. The video features Liam being interviewed whilst Noel sings whilst reading a newspaper and looking at what is going on in the building opposite where he and the band are. Where Did It All Go Wrong? \\\"Where Did It All Go Wrong?\\\" is a song and single by the English rock band Oasis, originally released on their 2000 album, \\\"Standing on the Shoulder of Giants\\\". Written by guitarist Noel Gallagher, it is one of two songs\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did It All Go Wrong?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579999\",\n \"text\": \"this single did prove popular on the radio. Where Did All the Love Go? \\\"Where Did All the Love Go?\\\" is a song by English rock band Kasabian and is the second official single from their third album \\\"West Ryder Pauper Lunatic Asylum\\\". It was released on 10 August 2009. Guitarist Sergio Pizzorno explained the song's meaning to \\\"New Musical Express\\\" stating that \\\"It's sitting at home seeing another kid get stabbed, everyone is scared and going, 'What the fuck is going on?\\\" The song also speaks about the Internet, with Pizzorno elaborating in an interview with \\\"The Sun\\\" that\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did All the Love Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11690817\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did It All Go Wrong? \\\"Where Did It All Go Wrong?\\\" is a song and single by the English rock band Oasis, originally released on their 2000 album, \\\"Standing on the Shoulder of Giants\\\". Written by guitarist Noel Gallagher, it is one of two songs on \\\"Standing on the Shoulder of Giants\\\" that features him on lead vocals. In explaining why front man Liam Gallagher did not sing the song, Noel claimed that: \\\"[Vocally] Liam just couldn't get that one. The melody shifts quite a lot... Liam hasn't got that dynamism in his voice.\\\" Noel stated that the song's\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did It All Go Wrong?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9037004\",\n \"text\": \"are mixed without hi-hat. In 1992 when the Original cast CD was released, the hi-hat was suddenly apparent in the recording. It is most likely that the hi-hat was always present in the mix, but just not loud enough to be heard. It was probably boosted in the remix and subsequent remastering. Where Did the Good Times Go? \\\"Where Did the Good Times Go?\\\" is, what is popularly termed, the \\\"big ballad\\\" or \\\"11 o'clock number\\\" from the musical \\\"Over Here!\\\", which opened on Broadway at the Shubert Theatre (Broadway) on March 6, 1974. The song is the penultimate moment\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did the Good Times Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579997\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did All the Love Go? \\\"Where Did All the Love Go?\\\" is a song by English rock band Kasabian and is the second official single from their third album \\\"West Ryder Pauper Lunatic Asylum\\\". It was released on 10 August 2009. Guitarist Sergio Pizzorno explained the song's meaning to \\\"New Musical Express\\\" stating that \\\"It's sitting at home seeing another kid get stabbed, everyone is scared and going, 'What the fuck is going on?\\\" The song also speaks about the Internet, with Pizzorno elaborating in an interview with \\\"The Sun\\\" that \\\"Kids today grow up really quickly and there's\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did All the Love Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9037003\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did the Good Times Go? \\\"Where Did the Good Times Go?\\\" is, what is popularly termed, the \\\"big ballad\\\" or \\\"11 o'clock number\\\" from the musical \\\"Over Here!\\\", which opened on Broadway at the Shubert Theatre (Broadway) on March 6, 1974. The song is the penultimate moment of drama when all seems lost toward the end of the second act. The song was somewhat successful as a single for Patty Andrews, who debuted the song in the show. The song was written by Robert B. Sherman and Richard M. Sherman. The recording on both the LP and the single\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did the Good Times Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11903015\",\n \"text\": \"was included as a B-side to the 1992 single \\\"Somewhere in America (There's a Street Named After My Dad)\\\". \\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\" was covered by the British pop duo Wham! on 14 October 1986 as one of the three B-sides to \\\"The Edge of Heaven\\\" in the UK, where it reached number 1. The song was also released separately as Wham!'s final single in several territories most notably in the US where it peaked at number 50 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 in November 1986. It was produced and re-arranged by George Michael with engineering by Chris Porter.\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15358181\",\n \"text\": \"letter\\\" formula. Mary Wilson and Florence Ballard's vocal contribution was significant in bringing a fresh yet hypnotic sexiness to the overall sound of the song while remaining true to the backup arrangements that Lamont Dozier had set down. Upon hearing the song's playback, an excited Ross rushed to Gordy's office and told him to come to the studio to listen to the song. Upon hearing playback, a satisfied Gordy nodded saying to the producers and the group that the song had potential to be a top ten hit. \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" was released as a single on June\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11903017\",\n \"text\": \"minute. Wham!'s recording of \\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\", while structurally similar to the Was (Not Was) original, leans toward to a soft rock ballad due to changes to the tempo and vocal inflection. Michael's arrangement is more spare and reliant on synthesizers and saxophone to convey the melody. Michael's vocals are less immersed in the backing arrangement in which the bass guitar and drums are markedly quieter in the mix. His vocal is more low-key than Sweet Pea Atkinson's, except for the final line of the third verse, \\\"and drifted out of sight\\\", which is accentuated. The official music\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15358178\",\n \"text\": \"See About Me\\\", \\\"Stop! In the Name of Love\\\", and \\\"Back in My Arms Again\\\"). The song also reached number one on the \\\"Cash Box\\\" R&B singles chart. The Supremes' version is ranked #475 on \\\"Rolling Stone\\\"s 500 Greatest Songs of All Time and was selected for preservation in the National Recording Registry in 2016 due to its \\\"cultural, historic, or artistic significance.\\\" \\\"Billboard\\\" named the song #4 on its list of 100 Greatest Girl Group Songs of All Time. According to Brian Holland, \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" was written with The Supremes in mind. Though Supremes member Mary\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15358183\",\n \"text\": \"album, \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\", released later that year. A German language version of the song was recorded by the Supremes for German-speaking markets overseas. The song seemed to strike a chord in the United States, with a group which would become the most successful chart-topping American popular music group of the 1960s. The first of their American chart toppers, the song peaked just weeks after the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, critically remarked as capturing the spirit of an America reeling from the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, racial tension, increased United States involvement\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6114569\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Billboard\\\" magazine history to have three number-one hits from the same album. It was the album that introduced \\\"The Motown Sound\\\" to the masses. It was also, at the time, the highest-ranking album by an all-female group. It remained in the #2 position for 4 consecutive weeks in January 1965, shut out of the top spot by the Beatles' blockbuster \\\"Beatles '65\\\" album. \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" remained on the Billboard album chart for an unprecedented 89 weeks. According to Motown data, the album ultimately sold over 3,000,000 copies. This album was also the first ever number one album\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12236523\",\n \"text\": \"by hanging. After his death, poet Paul Mariani spoke at a service for Des Pres at Colgate, where they may have spent time together as Mariani worked on his master's degree. Terrence Des Pres Terrence Des Pres (1939 in Effingham, Illinois – November 16, 1987 in Hamilton, New York) was an American writer and Holocaust scholar. Terrence Des Pres graduated from Southeast Missouri State College in 1962. He went on to complete graduate degrees in philosophy at Washington University in St. Louis. He spent time with John Nathan at Harvard University as Harvard Junior Fellows, where Des Pres was the\",\n \"title\": \"Terrence Des Pres\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579998\",\n \"text\": \"too much information. News channels, the internet and social networking sites. People aren't leaving their bedrooms and it's just crazy. The things that make you most happy are quite simple. That song is looking for the romantic image of life, when people looked out for each other.\\\" According to Serge Pizzorno, the song's music video was inspired by Kenneth Anger's films like Scorpio Rising, Busby Berkeley and French cabaret. Following its release in August 2009, \\\"Where Did All the Love Go?\\\" entered the UK Singles Chart at a peak of #30. Although not as successful as the previous single \\\"\\\"Fire\\\"\\\",\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did All the Love Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11598034\",\n \"text\": \"Pres Mull Presnell Alfonzo \\\"Pres\\\" Mull (August 28, 1922 – June 30, 2005) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Appalachian State Teachers College—now known as Appalachian State University—for one season in 1951 and at Catawba College from 1959 to 1961, compiling a career college football record of 13–26–1. Mull was born in Marion, North Carolina in 1922 to Horace and Estelle (Houck) Mull. He graduated from Pleasant Garden High School where he played basketball. Mull graduated from Appalachian State Teacher's College in 1947, after having served as a reconnaissance pilot in\",\n \"title\": \"Pres Mull\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11598030\",\n \"text\": \"Pres Mull Presnell Alfonzo \\\"Pres\\\" Mull (August 28, 1922 – June 30, 2005) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Appalachian State Teachers College—now known as Appalachian State University—for one season in 1951 and at Catawba College from 1959 to 1961, compiling a career college football record of 13–26–1. Mull was born in Marion, North Carolina in 1922 to Horace and Estelle (Houck) Mull. He graduated from Pleasant Garden High School where he played basketball. Mull graduated from Appalachian State Teacher's College in 1947, after having served as a reconnaissance pilot in\",\n \"title\": \"Pres Mull\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6114570\",\n \"text\": \"on Billboard's R&B album chart in January 1965. Hip-O Select released a limited run fortieth anniversary deluxe edition of the album in 2004, which included both the mono and stereo versions of the album, as well as several outtakes, non-album tracks and a recorded live show from the Twenty Grand club in Detroit, Michigan. It sold out immediately. (see: Hip-O Select.com) They filmed performances of four of the singles from the album including \\\"Run, Run, Run\\\", \\\"When the Lovelight Starts Shining Through His Eyes\\\", \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" and \\\"Baby Love\\\" for the concert film, \\\"The T.A.M.I. Show\\\" released\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12236521\",\n \"text\": \"Terrence Des Pres Terrence Des Pres (1939 in Effingham, Illinois – November 16, 1987 in Hamilton, New York) was an American writer and Holocaust scholar. Terrence Des Pres graduated from Southeast Missouri State College in 1962. He went on to complete graduate degrees in philosophy at Washington University in St. Louis. He spent time with John Nathan at Harvard University as Harvard Junior Fellows, where Des Pres was the society's sommelier and they formed a friendship. He was married twice and had a son, Jean-Paul, with his first wife Judith. His widow, Liz, is now a physician living in the\",\n \"title\": \"Terrence Des Pres\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19313349\",\n \"text\": \"5th Dimension recorded \\\"Go Where You Wanna Go\\\" for their debut studio album in 1967, \\\"Up, Up and Away\\\". Johnny Rivers suggested the group cover the song. The song was the group's first single, and reached number 16 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. It also did well in Canada. It is among the group's 10 biggest hits. Go Where You Wanna Go \\\"Go Where You Wanna Go\\\" is a 1965 song written by John Phillips. It was originally recorded by The Mamas & the Papas on their LP \\\"If You Can Believe Your Eyes and Ears\\\" and given limited\",\n \"title\": \"Go Where You Wanna Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13459612\",\n \"text\": \"disco progenitors Jean-Marc Cerrone and Giorgio Moroder. \\\"Where You Go I Go Too\\\" is often classified as \\\"space disco\\\" due to these influences and because it possesses a \\\"spacey, psychedelic\\\" sound. Lindstrøm listened to the Beach Boys, the Eagles, and Kirsty MacColl while writing the album. \\\"Where You Go I Go Too\\\" debuted at No. 11 on the Norwegian music chart. The following week it fell to No. 27 before leaving the list. The record did not chart internationally. In 2009, \\\"Where You Go I Go Too\\\" received a Spellemannprisen award for \\\"best electronica album\\\". The album was well received\",\n \"title\": \"Where You Go I Go Too\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15832704\",\n \"text\": \"adequate linguistic competence and research methodology ... and her major arguments cannot withstand close scrutiny. Her conclusion fails to consider all the evidence supporting Marco Polo's credibility.\\\" Did Marco Polo Go to China? Did Marco Polo Go to China? is a 1995 book, by Frances Wood, arguing that Italian explorer Marco Polo never visited China but travelled no further than Persia and that he based his description of China on accounts from Persian travelers. The book notes that Polo failed to mention the Great Wall, the use of chopsticks as eating utensils, tea, foot-binding, Chinese calligraphy or other significant features\",\n \"title\": \"Did Marco Polo Go to China?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15832699\",\n \"text\": \"Did Marco Polo Go to China? Did Marco Polo Go to China? is a 1995 book, by Frances Wood, arguing that Italian explorer Marco Polo never visited China but travelled no further than Persia and that he based his description of China on accounts from Persian travelers. The book notes that Polo failed to mention the Great Wall, the use of chopsticks as eating utensils, tea, foot-binding, Chinese calligraphy or other significant features and that there are no Chinese records of Polo's presence. Thus it is a typical example of an argument from silence. Some archeologists have pointed to inconsistencies\",\n \"title\": \"Did Marco Polo Go to China?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14757563\",\n \"text\": \"Pres Romanillos Priscillano \\\"Pres\\\" Antonio Romanillos (January 11, 1963 – July 17, 2010) was a Hollywood animator who had a long and successful career at studios such as DreamWorks and Walt Disney. He was responsible for breathing life into many memorable animated characters including the Native American Little Creek in DreamWorks' \\\"\\\", \\\"Pocahontas\\\", and the villainous Hun Shan-Yu in Disney's \\\"Mulan\\\". Romanillos was born on January 11, 1963 in Zamboanga City in the Philippines. When he was six years old, His family moved to Queens, New York City where he grew up. As a boy, his older brother Bob had\",\n \"title\": \"Pres Romanillos\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12817983\",\n \"text\": \"off– faithfully the pres– the office of President of the United States.\\\" Obama then repeated Roberts' initial incorrect wording. Roberts ended the presidential oath by appending the phrase \\\"so help you God\\\" to the end of the constitutionally prescribed oath, and Obama responded \\\"so help me God\\\" when he was prompted. Obama had asked previously to include \\\"so help me God\\\" after the oath. Roberts then congratulated Obama as the new President. Much public discussion arose about the errors in administering and reciting the oath. Several constitutional scholars said that Obama should retake the oath. Boston University constitutional scholar Jack\",\n \"title\": \"First inauguration of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20096330\",\n \"text\": \"County SC in December 2018, ahead of their 2019 season. Des Pres has been capped twice by the United States at under-19 level. In April 2017, he was called up to a training camp by the under-20 team ahead of the 2017 FIFA U-20 World Cup. Des Pres is also eligible to play for France. Sebastien Des Pres Sebastien Francois Turenne Des Pres (born 11 November 1998) is an American soccer player who plays for Orange County SC in the USL Championship. Des Pres joined the academy at Real Salt Lake in 2015, scoring two goals in 33 games in\",\n \"title\": \"Sebastien Des Pres\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20096329\",\n \"text\": \"Sebastien Des Pres Sebastien Francois Turenne Des Pres (born 11 November 1998) is an American soccer player who plays for Orange County SC in the USL Championship. Des Pres joined the academy at Real Salt Lake in 2015, scoring two goals in 33 games in the 2015–16 season. In January 2017, he joined Football League Two side Blackpool on an 18-month contract. He made his debut for the Seasiders in an EFL Trophy game against Wycombe Wanderers on 10 January 2017. Des Pres joined Fleetwood Town on a 12-month contract in September 2017. Des Pres joined USL Championship side Orange\",\n \"title\": \"Sebastien Des Pres\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4322168\",\n \"text\": \"Josette du Pres Josette du Pres (or Josette Collins) is a character played primarily by Kathryn Leigh Scott during the 1795 flashback on the cult TV serial \\\"Dark Shadows\\\". Born in 1774 in France, her widowed father was Andre du Pres (David Ford) a wealthy sugarcane planter on the Caribbean island of Martinique. Raised by her father and her paternal aunt, the Countess Natalie du Pres (Grayson Hall), the lovely and sympathetic Josette came to Collinsport, Maine in 1795 to marry Barnabas Collins (Jonathan Frid). Though Barnabas had become engaged to Josette following an earlier visit to Martinique, he had\",\n \"title\": \"Josette du Pres\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12236522\",\n \"text\": \"Boston area. Des Pres is most well known for his work on the Holocaust documented in: \\\"\\\". At Colgate University he taught \\\"Literature of the Holocaust\\\" and was the William Henry Crawshaw Chair in Literature. At Colgate, he spent time with writer Frederick Busch. He wrote \\\"Praises and Dispraises\\\", published posthumously in 1988, which dealt with poetry and its usefulness for survival. According to John Nathan's memoir, Des Pres committed suicide on November 16, 1987. Des Pres' death was ruled \\\"accidental\\\" by the Madison county medical examiners office, Madison, NY. According to a 1990 \\\"Boston Globe\\\" article, Des Pres died\",\n \"title\": \"Terrence Des Pres\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20433502\",\n \"text\": \"structures were completed in New Zealand. Following the systems success, international research efforts have begun at ETH Zurich, the University of Basilicata, Washington State University and several other research institutions. In 2017 the NHERI Tallwood project was started with funding from the U.S. National Science Foundation focused on further validation of Pres-Lam in North America. Pres-Lam Pres-Lam is a method of mass engineered timber construction that uses high strength unbonded steel cables or bars to create connections between timber beams and columns or columns and walls and their foundations. As a prestressed structure the steel cables clamp members together creating\",\n \"title\": \"Pres-Lam\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20433500\",\n \"text\": \"Pres-Lam Pres-Lam is a method of mass engineered timber construction that uses high strength unbonded steel cables or bars to create connections between timber beams and columns or columns and walls and their foundations. As a prestressed structure the steel cables clamp members together creating connections which are stronger and more compact than traditional timber fastening systems. In earthquake zones, the steel cables can be coupled with internal or external steel reinforcing which provide additional strength and energy dissipation creating a damage avoiding structural system. Pres-Lam can be used in conjunction with any mass engineered timber product such as Glue\",\n \"title\": \"Pres-Lam\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18771486\",\n \"text\": \"The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray on February 21, 2012. Unearthed Films handles the home video distribution. The film has yet to be released on streaming services. \\\"Where the Dead Go to Die\\\" was panned by many viewers and Internet animation critics, criticizing its three stories, animation, characters, voice acting, writing, use of music, and incredibly dark content, such as eating fetuses, genital mutilation, bestiality, and necrophilia. It was however reviewed well in many horror publications, such as Rue Morgue, DVDtalk, and horrornews. Where the Dead Go to Die Where the Dead Go to Die is a 2012\",\n \"title\": \"Where the Dead Go to Die\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12273873\",\n \"text\": \"'30s,\\\" concluding that on \\\"Pres and Teddy\\\" Young was in \\\"particularly expressive form\\\". CD Reissue Pres and Teddy Pres and Teddy is a 1959 jazz studio album by The Lester Young and Teddy Wilson Quartet. Originally released by Verve, it has subsequently been reissued on CD by Verve, Universal Japan and Lonehill Jazz. Recording a January 1956 reunion session between Young and Wilson, the album includes six standard swing jazz songs with one original composition, \\\"Pres Returns.\\\" In spite of Young's failing health, the album is critically acclaimed as among the best of his later works as well as being\",\n \"title\": \"Pres and Teddy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12273869\",\n \"text\": \"Pres and Teddy Pres and Teddy is a 1959 jazz studio album by The Lester Young and Teddy Wilson Quartet. Originally released by Verve, it has subsequently been reissued on CD by Verve, Universal Japan and Lonehill Jazz. Recording a January 1956 reunion session between Young and Wilson, the album includes six standard swing jazz songs with one original composition, \\\"Pres Returns.\\\" In spite of Young's failing health, the album is critically acclaimed as among the best of his later works as well as being among the best albums produced by Verve Record's founder Norman Granz. \\\"Pres and Teddy\\\" is\",\n \"title\": \"Pres and Teddy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14757570\",\n \"text\": \"Steve Hulett, business representative of the Animation Guild, said of him that \\\"If there was anyone in this wacky business who deserved another twenty or thirty years of artistic success, Pres was at or near the top of the list.\\\" Pres Romanillos Priscillano \\\"Pres\\\" Antonio Romanillos (January 11, 1963 – July 17, 2010) was a Hollywood animator who had a long and successful career at studios such as DreamWorks and Walt Disney. He was responsible for breathing life into many memorable animated characters including the Native American Little Creek in DreamWorks' \\\"\\\", \\\"Pocahontas\\\", and the villainous Hun Shan-Yu in Disney's\",\n \"title\": \"Pres Romanillos\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12202412\",\n \"text\": \"That Is Where I'll Go \\\"That Is Where I'll Go\\\" is the debut single from singer Sibel Redžep. The song, written by Christian Antblad with strings from the Scandinavian Strings Orchestra, was Sibel Redžep's entry in Melodifestivalen 2008, the Swedish national contest which decides their Eurovision entry. The song did not win but did advance to the grand final. On 27 April 2008, the song was tested for Svensktoppen, but failed to enter. The single was released on 5 March 2008. It stayed on the official Swedish charts for a total of nine weeks, from 13 March to 8 May\",\n \"title\": \"That Is Where I'll Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12202413\",\n \"text\": \"2008, peaking at number six on April 3. That Is Where I'll Go \\\"That Is Where I'll Go\\\" is the debut single from singer Sibel Redžep. The song, written by Christian Antblad with strings from the Scandinavian Strings Orchestra, was Sibel Redžep's entry in Melodifestivalen 2008, the Swedish national contest which decides their Eurovision entry. The song did not win but did advance to the grand final. On 27 April 2008, the song was tested for Svensktoppen, but failed to enter. The single was released on 5 March 2008. It stayed on the official Swedish charts for a total of\",\n \"title\": \"That Is Where I'll Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15069300\",\n \"text\": \"Where Do We Go Now? Where Do We Go Now? ( , ) is a 2011 film by Lebanese director Nadine Labaki. The film premiered during the 2011 Cannes Film Festival as part of Un Certain Regard . The film was selected to represent Lebanon for the 84th Academy Awards, but it did not make the final shortlist. The film won the People's Choice Award at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival. \\\"Where Do We Go Now?\\\" tells the story of a remote, isolated unnamed Lebanese village inhabited by both Muslims and Christians. The village is surrounded by land mines\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go Now?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19313348\",\n \"text\": \"Go Where You Wanna Go \\\"Go Where You Wanna Go\\\" is a 1965 song written by John Phillips. It was originally recorded by The Mamas & the Papas on their LP \\\"If You Can Believe Your Eyes and Ears\\\" and given limited release as a single. However, the record was withdrawn and its B-side reassigned to \\\"California Dreamin'.\\\" \\\"Go Where You Wanna Go\\\" was later made into a hit by The 5th Dimension. P.F. Sloan played guitar on the song. John Phillips said that he wrote it about Michelle Phillips' affair with Russ Titelman, a songwriter and record producer. The\",\n \"title\": \"Go Where You Wanna Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13832719\",\n \"text\": \"Go to School\\\", after pestering his parents to stay home from school, because if he did he would write a song. Subsequently, Nat wrote the song and then he was sent to school anyway. The band began recording their new album in mid-2007. The songs were recorded for the second season of \\\"The Naked Brothers Band\\\" television series. Recording took as short as three months, which ended in October 2007. The album was slated for an April 2008 release, just five months after their debut album, \\\"The Naked Brothers Band\\\". Nat and Alex released two versions, the normal album and\",\n \"title\": \"I Don't Want to Go to School\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18771485\",\n \"text\": \"Where the Dead Go to Die Where the Dead Go to Die is a 2012 American computer-animated anthology horror crime drama written, directed, composed, edited, and animated by James \\\"Jimmy ScreamerClauz\\\" Creamer. The film revolves around a group of kids living on the same block. The kids named Tommy, Sofia, and Ralph are being haunted by a talking, black, red-eyed dog named Labby, who takes them on a hellish ride through dimensions and time periods. The first segment is called \\\"Tainted Milk\\\", the second is called \\\"Liquid Memories\\\", and the last segment is called \\\"The Mask That the Monsters Wear\\\".\",\n \"title\": \"Where the Dead Go to Die\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4322177\",\n \"text\": \"is visibly disturbed when Victoria suggests she herself is related to Josette. Due to technical limitations at the time, it would have been impossible for actress Alexandra Moltke to portray both characters when the series explored the events which turned Barnabas Collins into a vampire. As actress Kathryn Leigh Scott had played the ghost of Josette on occasion, it was only natural for the role to go to her. Any link between Victoria and Josette was quietly forgotten, and the idea that the two characters were connected would be resurrected in the 1991 NBC revival. Josette du Pres Josette du\",\n \"title\": \"Josette du Pres\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15832701\",\n \"text\": \"claims that the \\\"History of Yuan\\\" mentions Giovanni de Marignolli by name even though it mentions only the tributary gift that he brought to the Yuan court, a large impressive war horse given by the \\\"Franks\\\" (\\\"Fulang\\\") of Europe. The historian David Morgan also points out basic errors made such as confusing the Liao dynasty with the Jin dynasty, and he found no compelling evidence in the book that would convince him that Marco Polo did not go to China. Haw also argues in his book \\\"Marco Polo's China\\\" that Marco's account is much more correct and accurate than has\",\n \"title\": \"Did Marco Polo Go to China?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13459605\",\n \"text\": \"Where You Go I Go Too Where You Go I Go Too is the first studio album by Norwegian electronica artist Hans-Peter Lindstrøm. It was first released in the United Kingdom on August 18, 2008 and was subsequently released the next day in the United States. The album comprises three tracks, roughly 30, 10, and 15 minutes in length. \\\"Where You Go I Go Too\\\" is usually labeled \\\"space disco\\\" due to its \\\"spacey, psychedelic\\\" feel and four-to-the-floor beats. Production of the album followed the 2006 release of \\\"It's a Feedelity Affair\\\", a compilation of singles. Lindstrøm had become dissatisfied\",\n \"title\": \"Where You Go I Go Too\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11220958\",\n \"text\": \"flee the scene. Filmed on November 15–18, 1938, the title \\\"A Ducking They Did Go\\\" is a play on the old children's song \\\"A-Hunting We Will Go.\\\" The closing shot of the Stooges leaping over a bush, and landing on a trio of bucking steers was recycled from the end of 1936's \\\"A Pain in the Pullman\\\". A Ducking They Did Go A Ducking They Did Go is the 38th short film released by Columbia Pictures in 1939 starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges (Moe Howard, Larry Fine and Curly Howard). The comedians released 190 short films for\",\n \"title\": \"A Ducking They Did Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5486407\",\n \"text\": \"Where Do Broken Hearts Go \\\"Where Do Broken Hearts Go\\\" is the fourth single from Whitney Houston's second album, \\\"Whitney\\\". The ballad was released on February 25, 1988. The song was written by Frank Wildhorn and Chuck Jackson and produced by Narada Michael Walden. Wildhorn approached Jackson about the opportunity to write for Whitney Houston. Jackson came up with the title, and Wildhorn completed the music and lyrics for the song. Smokey Robinson originally wanted to record the song; however, Wildhorn and Jackson held the song for Houston. Initially, Houston did not want to record the song, feeling there was\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do Broken Hearts Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20030086\",\n \"text\": \"stars out of a possible five stating that the album was \\\"great\\\" for \\\"worship leaders or any body who loves new, fresh worship music.\\\" Adapted from AllMusic. Where You Go I Go Where You Go I Go is the third live album by American Christian worship duo Brian & Jenn Johnson. The album was released on September 30, 2008 by ION Records. Jeremy Edwardson and Brian Johnson worked together on the production of the album. The album was recorded live at Bethel Church in Redding, California. In a review for Cross Rhythms, Adrian Cherrill bestowed the album eight squares out\",\n \"title\": \"Where You Go I Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20030085\",\n \"text\": \"Where You Go I Go Where You Go I Go is the third live album by American Christian worship duo Brian & Jenn Johnson. The album was released on September 30, 2008 by ION Records. Jeremy Edwardson and Brian Johnson worked together on the production of the album. The album was recorded live at Bethel Church in Redding, California. In a review for Cross Rhythms, Adrian Cherrill bestowed the album eight squares out of ten, saying \\\"Lyrically strong and excellently played, the whole album exudes a powerful worship atmosphere.\\\" Justin K of NewReleaseToday rated the album four and a half\",\n \"title\": \"Where You Go I Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15705521\",\n \"text\": \"Where You Came From\\\"'s viewing figures made it the highest-rating programme for SBS in 2011. An estimated 524,000 metropolitan viewers watched the first episode, followed by 569,000 for the second and 600,000 for the third. The broadcaster subsequently held a televised forum event to reflect on the series and the public debate about asylum seekers. Episode 1 Episode 2 Episode 3 Episode 1 Episode 2 Episode 3 The series has had international versions after the concept was sold to the following countries: Go Back to Where You Came From Go Back To Where You Came From is a Logie Award-winning\",\n \"title\": \"Go Back to Where You Came From\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20433501\",\n \"text\": \"Laminated Timber, Laminated Veneer Lumber or Cross Laminated Timber. The concept of Pres-Lam was developed at the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, New Zealand by a team lead by Professors Stefano Pampanin, Alessandro Palermo and Andy Buchanan in collaboration with PreStressed Timber Limited (PTL). The system stems from techniques developed during the US PRESSS at the University of California in San Diego during the 1990s under the leadership of New Zealand structural engineer Prof. Nigel Priestley. Beginning in 2008 a 5 year research campaign was begun under the Structural Timber Innovation Company. During this period the first examples of Pres-Lam\",\n \"title\": \"Pres-Lam\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18295778\",\n \"text\": \"the situation in Haiti was improving. But other NGO employees, like Julie Schindall from Oxfam America and Barth A. Green from Project Medishare, expressed that they were still in need of funds and resources from these larger NGOs to maintain their services. Part 4: Infrastructure, Communication, and Hurricanes While Michele was in Haiti, a hurricane was expected to hit the island. The government as well as NGOs encouraged Haitians living in the camps to evacuate. They expressed that they had nowhere else to go, and refused to move, preferring instead to wait out the storm in their tents. Following the\",\n \"title\": \"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13018639\",\n \"text\": \"Mendell's original reporting) and a wide range of interviews with Obama's aides, mentors, political adversaries, and family. \\\"Obama: From Promise to Power\\\" was one of the first biographies of the 2008 presidential campaign season, but upon its publication it did not receive the same attention as books about Hillary Clinton, who was initially considered a stronger contender for the 2008 Democratic Party presidential nomination. As a result, Mendell and \\\"Obama: From Promise To Power\\\" did not receive the same large-scale book tours and press attention as did such Clinton biographies as \\\"A Woman in Charge: The Life of Hillary Rodham\",\n \"title\": \"Obama: From Promise to Power\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19980129\",\n \"text\": \"Josquin Des Pres (20th century musician) Josquin Des Pres (born Josquin Turenne Des Pres) is a 20th-century French-born American composer, bassist, author, producer, songwriter and most known for his contributions to music media books for Hal Leonard Corporation and Mel Bay instructional music books. Josquin has written a vast library of compositions and music techniques on bass, music studies and various collections which are used by music teachers, private studies and in schools both nationally and internationally as a standard tool in the music industry. Des Pres is also a collaborative writer with English lyricist, poet, and singer Bernie Taupin\",\n \"title\": \"Josquin Des Pres (20th century musician)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19980123\",\n \"text\": \"Josquin Des Pres (20th century musician) Josquin Des Pres (born Josquin Turenne Des Pres) is a 20th-century French-born American composer, bassist, author, producer, songwriter and most known for his contributions to music media books for Hal Leonard Corporation and Mel Bay instructional music books. Josquin has written a vast library of compositions and music techniques on bass, music studies and various collections which are used by music teachers, private studies and in schools both nationally and internationally as a standard tool in the music industry. Des Pres is also a collaborative writer with English lyricist, poet, and singer Bernie Taupin\",\n \"title\": \"Josquin Des Pres (20th century musician)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3987797\",\n \"text\": \"were working on a further sequel, \\\"Farewell Marie-Claire,\\\" in which the story was brought to a conclusion. The song was to feature the same waltz feel as the original. But Sarstedt's retirement from the music industry meant that the track was abandoned. Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)? \\\"Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)?\\\" is a song by the British singer–songwriter Peter Sarstedt. Its recording was produced by Ray Singer, engineered by John Mackswith at Lansdowne Recording Studios and released in 1969. It was a number-one 1 hit in the UK Singles Chart for four weeks in 1969,\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15705518\",\n \"text\": \"Go Back to Where You Came From Go Back To Where You Came From is a Logie Award-winning Australian TV documentary series, produced by Cordell Jigsaw Productions and broadcast in 2011 (Season 1), 2012 (Season 2) and 2015 (Season 3) on SBS. The series followed two parties, each of six Australians, all members having differing opinions on Australia's asylum seeker debate, being taken on a journey in reverse to that which refugees have taken to reach Australia. The six Australian participants were Gleny Rae, Adam Hartup, Raquel Moore, Darren Hassan, Raye Colbey, and Roderick Schneider. Deprived of their wallets, phones\",\n \"title\": \"Go Back to Where You Came From\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12498147\",\n \"text\": \"Where do you want to go today? “Where do you want to go today?” was the title of Microsoft’s 2nd global image advertising campaign. The broadcast, print and outdoor advertising campaign was launched in November 1994 through the advertising agency Wieden+Kennedy, the firm best known for its work on behalf of Nike, Inc. The campaign, which \\\"The New York Times\\\" described as taking “a winsome, humanistic approach to demystifying technology”, had Microsoft spending $100 million through July 1995, of which $25 million would be spent during the holiday shopping season ending in December 1994. Tony Kaye directed a series of\",\n \"title\": \"Where do you want to go today?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13459617\",\n \"text\": \"generic library music...\\\" While Draper considered it a solid song, he decided it was a \\\"little too saccharine for its own good\\\". Hoffman enjoyed the song and wrote \\\"the vibe is rangy and exultant [...] as blissful and bemused as the vehemently unpretentious [cover] shot of Lindstrøm.\\\" All songs written by Hans-Peter Lindstrøm except where noted. Original release iTunes bonus song (also available on Spotify) Special edition Where You Go I Go Too Where You Go I Go Too is the first studio album by Norwegian electronica artist Hans-Peter Lindstrøm. It was first released in the United Kingdom on August\",\n \"title\": \"Where You Go I Go Too\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3987790\",\n \"text\": \"Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)? \\\"Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)?\\\" is a song by the British singer–songwriter Peter Sarstedt. Its recording was produced by Ray Singer, engineered by John Mackswith at Lansdowne Recording Studios and released in 1969. It was a number-one 1 hit in the UK Singles Chart for four weeks in 1969, and was awarded the 1969 Ivor Novello Award for Best Song Musically and Lyrically. In the United States, the record reached No. 61 on the Cash Box Top 100 Singles. The single also peaked at No. 70 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12498150\",\n \"text\": \"New York Times\\\" as mutual. Dan Wieden, president and chief creative officer of the advertising agency, characterized the relationship with Microsoft as “intense” and said that it had “run its course”. The slogan is used on some Australian commercials. Where do you want to go today? “Where do you want to go today?” was the title of Microsoft’s 2nd global image advertising campaign. The broadcast, print and outdoor advertising campaign was launched in November 1994 through the advertising agency Wieden+Kennedy, the firm best known for its work on behalf of Nike, Inc. The campaign, which \\\"The New York Times\\\" described\",\n \"title\": \"Where do you want to go today?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5509539\",\n \"text\": \"is one of the leading U.S. public health crises. In May 2014, Obama joined the campaign to bring back school girls who had been kidnapped in Nigeria. The First Lady tweeted a picture of herself holding a poster with the #bringbackourgirls campaign hashtag. Over the course of the Obama presidency, particularly during the second term, Michelle Obama was subject to speculation over whether she would run for the presidency herself, similarly to predecessor Hillary Clinton. A potential Michelle Obama candidacy was supported by both Samuel L. Jackson and James Clyburn. On April 6, 2009, CNN did a poll on whether\",\n \"title\": \"Michelle Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6985853\",\n \"text\": \"Now Where Did the 7th Company Get to? Now Where Did the 7th Company Get To? () is a 1973 French-Italian comedy war film directed by Robert Lamoureux. The film portraya the adventures of three French soldiers lost somewhere on the front in May 1940 during the Battle of France. During the Battle of France, while German forces are spreading across the country, the 7th Transmission Company suffers an air raid near the Machecoul woods, but survive and hide in the woods. Captain Dumont, the company commander, sends Louis Chaudard, Pithiviers and Tassin to scout the area. After burying the\",\n \"title\": \"Now Where Did the 7th Company Get to?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9384330\",\n \"text\": \"Leo du Pres Leonardo \\\"Leo\\\" du Pres is a fictional character from the American ABC Daytime soap opera \\\"All My Children\\\". The role was portrayed by actor Josh Duhamel from November 22, 1999 to the character's death onscreen on October 17, 2002. Duhamel reprised his role for two episodes in August 2011. Duhamel won a Daytime Emmy for Best Supporting Actor in 2002 for the role. His portrayal of the character, and the effect it had on viewers, was cited in a \\\"TV Guide\\\" interview as causing mania, an extension being Leo's death, as viewers could not grasp such a\",\n \"title\": \"Leo du Pres\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6985859\",\n \"text\": \"When Captain Dumont joins his Chaudard, Tassin, and Pithiviers in the truck, who salute the German commander with a great smile. The movie received a great success in France reaching the third best selling movie in 1974. Now Where Did the 7th Company Get to? Now Where Did the 7th Company Get To? () is a 1973 French-Italian comedy war film directed by Robert Lamoureux. The film portraya the adventures of three French soldiers lost somewhere on the front in May 1940 during the Battle of France. During the Battle of France, while German forces are spreading across the country,\",\n \"title\": \"Now Where Did the 7th Company Get to?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17336810\",\n \"text\": \"January 2011, Issa said in October 2010 that the committee would not seek to impeach Obama. In August 2011, Republican Congressman Michael C. Burgess of Texas agreed with a rally audience member that the impeachment of Barack Obama \\\"needs to happen\\\" in order to prevent Obama from \\\"pushing his agenda\\\". Burgess did not mention any grounds for impeachment. In June 2012, Senator Jon Kyl said on the Bill Bennett radio show that \\\"if it’s bad enough and if shenanigans involved in it, then of course impeachment is always a possibility. But I don’t think at this point anybody is talking\",\n \"title\": \"Efforts to impeach Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13459614\",\n \"text\": \"pleasure [...] \\\"Where You Go I Go Too\\\" would make even the most hellish of journeys seem like a first-class trip.\\\" Jim Brackpool of Yahoo! Music felt audience reactions would be polarized; some would find it \\\"sophisticated and lovingly crafted\\\", while others might be put off by its \\\"unabashed opulence\\\". No Ripcord writer Sam Draper christened the record \\\"one of the finest pieces of music [he had] heard in years.\\\" \\\"Pitchfork\\\" editor Tim Finney believed \\\"Where You Go I Go Too\\\" showed signs of a masterpiece, but also possessed \\\"bloat, excess, and splendor\\\" reminiscent of disco revivalists. \\\"Pitchfork\\\" named it\",\n \"title\": \"Where You Go I Go Too\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13459610\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Where You Go I Go Too\\\" was released by Smalltown Supersound on August 18, 2008 in the United Kingdom, and August 19 in the United States. A special edition was issued on December 23, 2008. The album featured a bonus disc with edited versions of the original tracks by frequent Lindstrøm collaborator Prins Thomas. Lindstrøm toured in Austria, Germany, Spain, and the United States that fall. \\\"Where You Go I Go Too\\\" comprises three tracks, roughly 30, 10, and 15 minutes in duration, which seamlessly flow into each other in transitions that were described as \\\"gradual and subtle\\\". The songs\",\n \"title\": \"Where You Go I Go Too\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15675402\",\n \"text\": \"singing about a growing apart and making choices when a relationship changes. He serenades the camera, pleading, \\\"Where do we go from here? My heart, my soul, won't let you go,\\\" as he tosses a notebook of lyrics across the room and stares hopelessly off into the distance. \\\"Where Do We Go\\\" may be his venture into ballads and an acoustic side. Credits adapted are taken from Allmusic. Where Do We Go \\\"Where Do We Go\\\" is a song by British recording artist, Jay Sean, taken from his mixtape album,\\\"The Mistress\\\" and is the mixtape's lead single. The song was\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5509555\",\n \"text\": \"for international education for women by speaking at the 2015 World Innovation Summit for Education for her \\\"Let Girls Learn\\\" initiative in Doha, Qatar and touring a school in Amman, Jordan, where she met with female students. During the Qatar trip, Obama had intended to visit Jordan as well, but the trip was canceled due to weather conditions. In Jordan, Obama had intended to visit an Amman school, which had been constructed with assistance from U.S. funds. In March 2016, Obama accompanied her husband and children to Cuba in a trip that was seen by the administration as having the\",\n \"title\": \"Michelle Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11664624\",\n \"text\": \"was subjected to beatings and abuse that left him with physical scars and a loathing of the British. David Maraniss' 2012 biography of President Barack Obama states that his grandfather Obama did not participate in the insurrections; nor was he ever imprisoned by the British during the uprising. He continued to be trusted by white Kenyans. When Obama (Sr.) was about six years old and attending a Christian missionary school, he converted from Islam to Anglicanism when strongly encouraged by the staff. He changed his name from \\\"Baraka\\\" to \\\"Barack.\\\" Obama (Sr.) later became an atheist, believing that religion was\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Sr.\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17336811\",\n \"text\": \"about that.\\\" when discussing the Obama Administration policy on immigration. In May 2013, Republican Senator James Inhofe of Oklahoma stated that President Obama could be impeached over what he alleged was a White House cover-up after the deadly attack against two United States government facilities in Benghazi, Libya on September 11, 2012. Inhofe said that \\\"of all the great cover-ups in history—the Pentagon papers, Iran-Contra, Watergate, all the rest of them—this ... is going to go down as most egregious cover-up in American history\\\". Republican Congressman Jason Chaffetz of Utah also stated in an interview that impeachment was \\\"within the\",\n \"title\": \"Efforts to impeach Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8835229\",\n \"text\": \"but the love itself didn’t die. The death of Leo saddened and frustrated the fans but left them with the thought that these two were meant to be together,\\\" she said. In 2011, with the return of Josh Duhamel as Leo, the pairing were also referred to as a supercouple by \\\"Entertainment Weekly\\\"'s Lynette Rice. Leo du Pres and Greenlee Smythe Leo du Pres and Greenlee Smythe du Pres are fictional characters and a supercouple from the American daytime drama \\\"All My Children\\\". Leo was portrayed by Josh Duhamel, and Greenlee was portrayed by Rebecca Budig. The couple is often\",\n \"title\": \"Leo du Pres and Greenlee Smythe\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8835206\",\n \"text\": \"Leo du Pres and Greenlee Smythe Leo du Pres and Greenlee Smythe du Pres are fictional characters and a supercouple from the American daytime drama \\\"All My Children\\\". Leo was portrayed by Josh Duhamel, and Greenlee was portrayed by Rebecca Budig. The couple is often referred to by the portmanteau \\\"Greenleo\\\" (for Greenlee and Leo) on Internet message boards. The pairing accumulated significant acclaim and media attention during their reign, 1999 to 2002, including two nominations at the Daytime Emmy Awards for America's Favorite Couple. Their loving but antagonistic relationship is regarded as one of the greatest romances in American\",\n \"title\": \"Leo du Pres and Greenlee Smythe\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11220955\",\n \"text\": \"A Ducking They Did Go A Ducking They Did Go is the 38th short film released by Columbia Pictures in 1939 starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges (Moe Howard, Larry Fine and Curly Howard). The comedians released 190 short films for the studio between 1934 and 1959. The Stooges are once again unemployed. After an unsuccessful attempt to steal a watermelon from a deliveryman (Cy Schindell), which lands them in trouble with a cop (William Irving), the boys wind up at the offices of the Canvas Back Duck Club. The club, run by conmen Blackie (Lynton Brent) and\",\n \"title\": \"A Ducking They Did Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15947716\",\n \"text\": \"of \\\"Time\\\" also considers it a fitting final single, comparing it with the wistfulness of \\\"Man on the Moon\\\" and \\\"The Boston Herald\\\"s Jed Gottlieb has compared it favorably to R.E.M. ballads \\\"Nightswimming\\\" and \\\"Perfect Circle\\\". We All Go Back to Where We Belong \\\"We All Go Back to Where We Belong\\\" is the final single from American alternative rock band R.E.M., released in 2011. The song is the lead single from the band's final album, the career-spanning greatest hits compilation \\\"Part Lies, Part Heart, Part Truth, Part Garbage 1982–2011\\\". The song was made available over the Internet on October\",\n \"title\": \"We All Go Back to Where We Belong\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15947713\",\n \"text\": \"We All Go Back to Where We Belong \\\"We All Go Back to Where We Belong\\\" is the final single from American alternative rock band R.E.M., released in 2011. The song is the lead single from the band's final album, the career-spanning greatest hits compilation \\\"Part Lies, Part Heart, Part Truth, Part Garbage 1982–2011\\\". The song was made available over the Internet on October 17, 2011. The song was originally written by bassist Mike Mills and was recorded by the band in Athens, Georgia in July 2011, after the sessions for its final studio release, \\\"Collapse into Now\\\". The band\",\n \"title\": \"We All Go Back to Where We Belong\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8867126\",\n \"text\": \"through New York on the back of a flat bed truck interspersed with shots of the band playing in a room dressed in Victorian costume. Ginger can be seen playing a guitar in the shape of the band's Smileybones logo in the New York shots. I Wanna Go Where the People Go \\\"I Wanna Go Where the People Go\\\" is a 1995 single by The Wildhearts. The limited edition 'Passport Pack' release for this single features different artwork to the other three formats – a leather-effect, three-panel digipak with a mock passport design, using the band's Smileybones logo as the\",\n \"title\": \"I Wanna Go Where the People Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8867125\",\n \"text\": \"I Wanna Go Where the People Go \\\"I Wanna Go Where the People Go\\\" is a 1995 single by The Wildhearts. The limited edition 'Passport Pack' release for this single features different artwork to the other three formats – a leather-effect, three-panel digipak with a mock passport design, using the band's Smileybones logo as the centrepiece. The song peaked at #16 on the UK singles chart. A music video for the song was shot during The Wildhearts' stint in New York City. It features the band (at the time just a three piece following CJ's departure from the band) riding\",\n \"title\": \"I Wanna Go Where the People Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19980126\",\n \"text\": \"early 80s Josquin formed the melodic hard rock group Stress (pop rock band) with guitarist/vocalist Mike Thomas who were later joined by former Aerosmith guitarist Jimmy Crespo. In the late 1980s, Taupin and Des Pres wrote several songs covered by various artists around the globe. Over the last 4 decades, Josquin des Pres has produced CDs for major and independent labels, written songs for major and independent artists and as a bass player, Josquin Des Pres has recorded and shared credits with studio musicians. His most popular works are with drummer and percussionist Jeff Porcaro, American guitarist Steve Lukather, Bernie\",\n \"title\": \"Josquin Des Pres (20th century musician)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15675399\",\n \"text\": \"Where Do We Go \\\"Where Do We Go\\\" is a song by British recording artist, Jay Sean, taken from his mixtape album,\\\"The Mistress\\\" and is the mixtape's lead single. The song was produced by OFM production team J-Remy and Bobby Bass. Jay Sean asks \\\"Where Do We Go\\\" on the first release from his mixtape The Mistress featuring acoustic renditions of original songs and his spin on some beloved classics. The Cash Money crooner tries to put back the pieces of a broken relationship on the stripped-down ballad, which is also accompanied by a video of him in the studio,\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13832718\",\n \"text\": \"I Don't Want to Go to School I Don't Want To Go To School is the second soundtrack album by The Naked Brothers Band, it was the soundtrack for the second season of The Naked Brothers Band. The album was released as a deluxe fanpack that includes a poster, lyrics and two bonus tracks. When the band's mockumentary television series was commissioned for a second season, the boys' mother Polly Draper asked her sons to record a new album. Initially, the siblings started to write new songs in 2007. Nat Wolff wrote the title's hit track, \\\"I Don't Want to\",\n \"title\": \"I Don't Want to Go to School\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12648950\",\n \"text\": \"that the federal government would phase out the use of private prisons. Obama commuted the sentences of over 1,000 individuals, a higher number of commutations than any other president, and most of Obama's commutations went to nonviolent drug offenders. Obama called for gun control measures in the aftermath of several mass shootings, but was unable to pass a major bill. In 2009, Obama discussed reinstating the Federal Assault Weapons Ban, but did not make a strong push to pass it through Congress at that time. Following the December 2012 Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, Obama outlined a series of sweeping\",\n \"title\": \"Presidency of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17432271\",\n \"text\": \"Where Does This Door Go Where Does This Door Go is the third studio album by American singer Mayer Hawthorne. It was released on July 16, 2013, by Republic Records. \\\"Where Does This Door Go\\\" received generally positive reviews from critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, the album received an average score of 73, based on 17 reviews. Michael Gallucci of \\\"The A.V. Club\\\" stated, \\\"For all of his apparent devotion to the genre, Hawthorne comes off somewhat soulless on \\\"Where Does This Door Go\\\".\\\" Derek Staples of \\\"Consequence of\",\n \"title\": \"Where Does This Door Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18959800\",\n \"text\": \"Surrender at Home, War Abroad more than I did in the end\\\", and \\\"stripped of its Gore Vidal-school tendentiousness, the book has some reasonable things to say about the Obama presidency\\\", while in the \\\"New York Journal of Books\\\", the reviewer wrote \\\"Ali’s progressive stance confronts the illusions sold to voters in 2008 by a compliant media and capitalist firms\\\". The Obama Syndrome The Obama Syndrome: Surrender at Home, War Abroad is a 2010 book by British-Pakistani writer, journalist, political activist and historian Tariq Ali. The book, described as \\\"a merciless dissection of Obama’s overseas escalation and domestic retreat\\\" is\",\n \"title\": \"The Obama Syndrome\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["occidental college","harvard law school","noelani elementary school","punahou school","state elementary school menteng 01","st. francis of assisi catholic school","columbia university"],"string":"[\n \"occidental college\",\n \"harvard law school\",\n \"noelani elementary school\",\n \"punahou school\",\n \"state elementary school menteng 01\",\n \"st. francis of assisi catholic school\",\n \"columbia university\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":581,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"who is nina dobrev playing in perks of being a wallflower?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"9513315","text":"biggest moneymaker ever. She also had a small role in the 2011 film \"The Roommate\". In April 2011, Dobrev was cast as Candace Kelmeckis in the film adaptation of \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\", alongside Logan Lerman, Emma Watson, and Paul Rudd. In August 2014, she starred alongside Jake Johnson and Damon Wayans Jr. in the 20th Century Fox comedy \"Let's Be Cops\". Dobrev played the role of Vicki Summers in the 2015 horror comedy film \"The Final Girls\". In September 2015, Dobrev was cast in the film \"Arrivals\", opposite Asa Butterfield and Maisie Williams, portraying the role of","title":"Nina Dobrev"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9513315\",\n \"text\": \"biggest moneymaker ever. She also had a small role in the 2011 film \\\"The Roommate\\\". In April 2011, Dobrev was cast as Candace Kelmeckis in the film adaptation of \\\"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\\\", alongside Logan Lerman, Emma Watson, and Paul Rudd. In August 2014, she starred alongside Jake Johnson and Damon Wayans Jr. in the 20th Century Fox comedy \\\"Let's Be Cops\\\". Dobrev played the role of Vicki Summers in the 2015 horror comedy film \\\"The Final Girls\\\". In September 2015, Dobrev was cast in the film \\\"Arrivals\\\", opposite Asa Butterfield and Maisie Williams, portraying the role of\",\n \"title\": \"Nina Dobrev\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"9513310","text":"Nina Dobrev Nikolina Konstantinova Dobreva (born January 9, 1989), known professionally as Nina Dobrev (), is a Canadian actress. Her first acting role was as Mia Jones in the drama series \"\". She later became known for portraying Elena Gilbert and Katherine Pierce, along with two other characters on The CW's supernatural drama series \"The Vampire Diaries\". Dobrev has also appeared in several feature films, including the 2012 coming-of-age drama \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\", the 2014 action comedy \"Let's Be Cops\", the 2015 horror comedy \"The Final Girls\", the 2017 action thriller \"\", and the 2017 science fiction","title":"Nina Dobrev"},{"psg_id":"15198911","text":"Wallflower\" one of the best films of the year. The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film) The Perks of Being a Wallflower is a 2012 American coming-of-age drama film written and directed by Stephen Chbosky, based on Chbosky’s 1999 novel of the same name. Logan Lerman stars as a teenager named Charlie who writes to an unnamed friend, and these epistles chronicle his trials, tribulations, and triumphs as he goes through his first year of high school. The film depicts his depression and anxiety as he goes through his journey in high school making new friends. The film's ensemble cast","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"15198888","text":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film) The Perks of Being a Wallflower is a 2012 American coming-of-age drama film written and directed by Stephen Chbosky, based on Chbosky’s 1999 novel of the same name. Logan Lerman stars as a teenager named Charlie who writes to an unnamed friend, and these epistles chronicle his trials, tribulations, and triumphs as he goes through his first year of high school. The film depicts his depression and anxiety as he goes through his journey in high school making new friends. The film's ensemble cast also features Emma Watson, Ezra Miller, Mae Whitman, Kate","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"5456571","text":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower The Perks of Being a Wallflower is a coming-of-age epistolary novel by American writer Stephen Chbosky, which was first published on February 1, 1999, by Pocket Books. Set in the early 1990s, the novel follows Charlie, an introverted teenager, through his freshman year of high school in a Pittsburgh suburb. The novel details Charlie’s unconventional style of thinking as he navigates between the worlds of adolescence and adulthood, and attempts to deal with poignant questions spurred by his interactions with both his friends and family. Chbosky took five years to develop and publish \"The","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"15198901","text":"he had seen \"The Rocky Horror Picture Show\" there when younger. The film also has scenes within Pittsburgh city limits inside the Fort Pitt Tunnel, Fort Pitt Bridge on Interstate 376 and on Mount Washington. The Perks of Being a Wallflower (Soundtrack) is the official music for the book turned film, \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (2012).\" The soundtrack was selected by music supervisor, Alexandra Patsavas and the score was composed Michael Brook. The film itself follows the main characters Charlie, and step brother and sister combo Patrick and Sam, as they grow throughout high school. Screenwriter and director","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"5456590","text":"an overabundance of pure, raw angst ... unlike some more arrested development-friendly young adult fare like \"Harry Potter\", \"Perks\" speaks to a more specific age range and does it well.\" \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\" has appeared six times on the American Library Association's list of 10 most-frequently-challenged books for its content. A Wisconsin school board refused to ban the book, angering local parents. The Glen Ellyn District 41 school board in suburban Chicago unanimously voted to reinstate the novel after it was removed from eighth-grade classrooms at Hadley Junior High School because of a parent's objection to its","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"5456586","text":"convey respect for teenagers, to \"validate and respect and celebrate what [teenagers] are going through every day\", and said the novel is for \"anyone who's felt like an outcast.\" Read by all ages, \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\" is targeted at a teenage audience. The book addresses a range of themes dispassionately. These themes include drugs, friendship, body image, first love, suicide, eating disorders and sexuality. Chbosky appreciates the importance of entertainment in adolescence: \"Books, songs, and movies are more than entertainment when we're young. They help all of us discover who we are, what we believe, and what","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"5456585","text":"of the world and you’ve had the greatest of times\". Critics have identified primary themes of teenage reality and nostalgia. According to David Edelstein of the \"New York Magazine\", Chbosky captures the \"feeling you belong when among friends, yet you'd soon be alone\" and notes that \"the pain of loss ... [is] almost as intense as the bliss ... it's nostalgia with an emphasis on nostos, pain [sic].\" Marty Beckerman of \"Word Riot\" said that \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\" connects with young people because its scenes are \"so universal and happen to so many teenagers.\" Chbosky wanted to","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"5456593","text":"Perks of Being a Wallflower\", Chbosky aspired to adapt it into a film, calling this \"a lifelong dream of mine\". After the publication of the novel, the author said he received film offers, refusing them because he \"owed the fans a movie that was worthy of their love for the book\". In 2010 Mr. Mudd began developing a film version, and the author was signed to write and direct the film by producers John Malkovich, Lianne Halfon and Russell Smith. The film, shot in the Pittsburgh area from May 9 to June 29, 2011, starred Logan Lerman as Charlie, Emma","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"5456572","text":"Perks of Being a Wallflower\" , creating the characters and other aspects of the story from his own memories. The novel addresses themes permeating adolescence, including introversion, sexuality, drug use, and mental health, while also making several references to other literary works, films, and pop culture in general. Because of the mentioned themes, it was banned in some American schools for its content. In 2012, Chbosky himself adapted and directed a film version starring Logan Lerman, Emma Watson and Ezra Miller. The film boosted the novel's sales, and the book reached \"The New York Times\" Best Seller list. Charlie, the","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"5456587","text":"we hope our life can be.\" As such, the book contains several cultural references across all mediums: musically the book references The Smiths and Fleetwood Mac, literarily the book references \"This Side of Paradise\", \"On the Road\", \"To Kill a Mockingbird\" and theatrically the book references \"The Rocky Horror Picture Show\". \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\" was first published on February 1, 1999 by Pocket Books through its MTV Books imprint. It became the subsidiary's best-selling book with 100,000 copies in print as of 2000, and was included on school reading lists and gathered a cult following. By 2012,","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"5456582","text":"future, and not just romantic love. The story began when Chbosky was in school, evolving from another book on which he was working. In that book he wrote the sentence, \"I guess that's just one of the perks of being a wallflower\", which led him to realize \"that somewhere in that ... was the kid I was really trying to find.\" Chbosky began writing the novel in the summer of 1996 while he was in college, and within ten weeks he completed the story. He rewrote it into two more drafts, concluding the published version in the summer of 1998.","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"15198906","text":"per theater. The film earned $17,742,948 in North America and $15,641,179 in other countries, for a worldwide total of $33,384,127. The film received mainly positive reviews. Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a \"Certified Fresh\" score of 85%, based on reviews from 158 critics, with an average score of 7.5/10. The site's consensus states: \"\"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\" is a heartfelt and sincere adaptation that's bolstered by strong lead performances.\" On Metacritic, which assigns a normalised rating out of 100 based on reviews from critics, the film has a score of 67 based on 36 reviews,","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"15198903","text":"soundtrack shows the three main characters with a green backdrop behind them. The character Sam (Emma Watson) is leaning her head on the main character Charlie’s (Logan Lerman) shoulder. The third member of the famous trio, Patrick (Ezra Miller), stands on the other side of Sam looking straight forward. Written above their heads are the words, “The Perks of being a Wallflower: The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack”. Helping the film in its advertisement was the song \"It’s Time\" by the Las Vegas native band Imagine Dragons. This song found its way on the trailer for the movie, however, it was","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"15198905","text":"expand on September 28, 2012, with a nationwide release on October 12, 2012. The UK premiere was on September 23 at the Cambridge Film Festival. The film originally received an R rating for \"teen drug and alcohol use, and some sexual references\". The filmmakers appealed and the MPAA changed it to PG-13 for \"mature thematic material, drug and alcohol use, sexual content including references, and a fightall involving teens\". \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\" received a limited release of four theaters in the United States on September 21, 2012, and grossed $228,359 on its limited opening weekend, averaging $57,089","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"9513317","text":"the comedy \"Fam\", a CBS television pilot that was picked up to series in May 2018. Dobrev speaks English, French and Bulgarian. While filming \"The Vampire Diaries\", Dobrev lived in Atlanta, but moved to Los Angeles after leaving the series in 2015. Nina Dobrev Nikolina Konstantinova Dobreva (born January 9, 1989), known professionally as Nina Dobrev (), is a Canadian actress. Her first acting role was as Mia Jones in the drama series \"\". She later became known for portraying Elena Gilbert and Katherine Pierce, along with two other characters on The CW's supernatural drama series \"The Vampire Diaries\". Dobrev","title":"Nina Dobrev"},{"psg_id":"15198889","text":"Walsh, Dylan McDermott, Nina Dobrev, Johnny Simmons, Erin Wilhelmi, Melanie Lynskey, Paul Rudd and Joan Cusack. John Hughes originally read the novel and attempted to write a screenplay after he got the rights from Chbosky; however, he never finished writing the screenplay. Mr. Mudd Productions wanted Chbosky to adapt his own novel; after he finished writing the screenplay, production was approved. Filming began in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on May 2011 and lasted approximately fifty days. This is one of the three films from John Malkovich, Lianne Halfon and Russell Smith's Mr. Mudd Productions that feature struggling teenagers; the other two are","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"5456573","text":"15-year-old protagonist, begins writing letters about his own life to an unknown recipient. In these letters he discusses his first year at high school and his struggles with two traumatic experiences: the suicide of his only middle-school friend, Michael Dobson, and the death of his favorite aunt, Helen. His English teacher, who encourages Charlie to call him Bill, notices Charlie's passion for reading and writing, and acts as a mentor by assigning him extracurricular books and reports. Although he is a wallflower, Charlie is befriended by two seniors: Patrick and Sam. Patrick is secretly dating Brad, a closeted football player,","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"5456591","text":"sexual content. Further objections to the book include the use of \"profanity\", \"drug abuse\", \"sexually explicit\" scenes, and \"torture\". Groups like PABBIS (Parents Against Bad Books in School) work to restrict literature considered \"controversial\" from being accessed by younger children. The group believes these \"bad books\" should be moved to the adult section. In 2009, \"Perks\" was repeatedly challenged for descriptions of masturbation, sexually explicit conduct, drug use, and talk of suicide and there have been multiple pushes across the United States to move this literary work from the children and young adults section to the adult section. Parents have","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"15198910","text":"suicide of Charlie’s best friend, which takes place before the film opens, seems glossed over too quickly\" despite the event being Charlie's main character motivation in the film. Jack Wilson of \"The Age\" writes, \"the script is transparently fake at almost every moment, congratulating the gang on their non-conformity while soft-pedalling any aspect of adolescent behaviourdrug use, sex, profanitythat might upset the American mainstream.\" Richard Corliss of \"Time\" criticized the casting of actors in their twenties to play teenagers, unlike the film \"Heathers\" where the cast were actually teenagers. MTV, \"Us Weekly\" and \"Complex\" named \"The Perks of Being a","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"5456589","text":"writer\"; he saw \"how readers could compare Charlie to Salinger's Holden Caulfield, but \"they are very different people with unique problems and perspectives\". More positive was Francisca Goldsmith of the \"School Library Journal\", who said the novel \"cleverly\" makes the readers the recipients of Charlie's letters, and it \"will engage teen readers for years to come.\" Common Sense Media's Kate Pavao praised its relevant themes for teenagers: \"Readers will find themselves quickly feeling sorry for the protagonist and worrying about him throughout his transformative journey.\" For \"The A.V. Club\", Marah Eakin wrote that although for an adult \"\"Perks\" suffers from","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"9513313","text":"feature films in the mid-2000s, including \"Fugitive Pieces\" and \"Away from Her\". Dobrev also headlined a number of television films, including Sci Fi Channel's \"Never Cry Werewolf\", MTV's The American Mall, and two Lifetime original movies. In 2007 she appeared in the music video of \"You Got That Light\" performed by Wade Allain-Marcus and David Baum. Dobrev subsequently left \"Degrassi\" in 2009 to star in The CW's supernatural drama series \"The Vampire Diaries\", a television adaptation of the book series of the same name, playing the lead role of Elena Gilbert. Dobrev also played a series of dopplegangers of Elena","title":"Nina Dobrev"},{"psg_id":"9513311","text":"drama \"Flatliners\". Born in Bulgaria, her family immigrated to Canada when she was two years old, and Dobrev grew up in Toronto. She studied sociology at Ryerson University, but left early to pursue her acting career. Dobrev currently lives in Los Angeles. Dobrev was born Nikolina Konstantinova Dobreva in Sofia, Bulgaria, and moved to Canada at the age of two, where she was raised in Toronto, Ontario, her hometown. She has an older brother, Aleksandar Dobrev. Her father, Konstantin Dobrev, is a computer specialist, and her mother, Mihaela Dobreva (née Radeva), is an artist. Dobrev attended Vradenburg Junior Public School","title":"Nina Dobrev"},{"psg_id":"9513314","text":"on the series, most prominently 500-year-old vampire Katherine Pierce. She crossed over to \"The Vampire Diaries\" spinoff \"The Originals\", as doppleganger character Tatia, in an episode in 2014. In April 2015, Dobrev announced via Instagram that she would be leaving \"The Vampire Diaries\" after portraying Elena for six seasons. In January 2017, it was announced that Dobrev would return as Elena and Katherine in \"The Vampire Diaries\" series finale. Dobrev had a minor role in the erotic thriller \"Chloe\", theatrically released by Sony Pictures Classics on March 26, 2010. The film had enjoyed commercial success and became director Atom Egoyan's","title":"Nina Dobrev"},{"psg_id":"9513316","text":"flight attendant Izzy; the film was later retitled \"Departures\", and was scheduled to go into production in April 2017. The same year, she was cast in the romantic comedy \"Crash Pad\", alongside Domhnall Gleeson and Christina Applegate, which began filming in Vancouver in fall 2015. In 2017, Dobrev co-starred as weapons specialist Becky Clearidge in the action film sequel \"\", opposite Vin Diesel and Samuel L. Jackson; the film was released January 20. Also that year, Dobrev co-starred as Marlo in the film remake \"Flatliners\", opposite Ellen Page. In March 2018, Dobrev was cast in the role of Clem in","title":"Nina Dobrev"},{"psg_id":"5456579","text":"to realize that his sexual contact with Sam has stirred up repressed memories of him being molested by his Aunt Helen as a little boy. Charlie shows signs of PTSD from the incident and the revelation of his abuse helps the reader understand his view of relationships and love. In an epilogue, Charlie is discovered by his parents in a catatonic state and does not show any movement despite being hit reluctantly by his father. After being admitted to a mental hospital, it is revealed that Helen actually sexually abused him when he was young. As is far too often","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"15198907","text":"indicating \"generally favorable reviews\". The lead cast also received positive notices. Ian Buckwalter of \"The Atlantic\" said \"The primary trio of actors delivers outstanding performances, starting with Watson, who sheds the memory of a decade playing Hermione in the \"Harry Potter\" series with an about-face as a flirtatious but insecure free spirit. Miller also plays against his most recent performance, which was as the tightly wound eponymous teenage psychopath in \"We Need to Talk About Kevin\", to deliver a giddy, scene-stealing turn as Patrick. Lerman, best known from the \"Percy Jackson\" series, shines as Charlie, a role that demands he","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"9513312","text":"and J. B. Tyrrell Sr. Public School, where she started ballet and jazz classes, and competed in rhythmic gymnastics. She took acting classes at Armstrong Acting Studios in Toronto. Dobrev subsequently attended the arts program at Wexford Collegiate School for the Arts in Scarborough until her graduating year. Dobrev entered post-secondary studies at Ryerson University in Toronto, majoring in Sociology, though her pursuit of an acting career prevented her from graduating. Dobrev's first major acting role was as Mia on the teen drama television series \"\", a role she played for three seasons starting in 2006. She appeared in several","title":"Nina Dobrev"},{"psg_id":"5456574","text":"and Sam is Patrick's stepsister. Charlie quickly develops a crush on Sam and subsequently admits his feelings to her. It is revealed that Sam was sexually abused as a child, and she kisses Charlie to ensure that his first kiss is from someone who truly loves him. In parallel, Charlie witnesses his sister's boyfriend hit her across the face, but she forbids him from telling their parents. He eventually mentions the occurrence to Bill, who tells Charlie's parents about it. Charlie's relationship with his sister rapidly deteriorates and she continues to see her boyfriend against her parents' wishes. Eventually, he","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"5456576","text":"Picture Show\" performance, Charlie is asked to fill in as Rocky for Sam's boyfriend Craig, who is unavailable. Their friend Mary Elizabeth is impressed and asks Charlie to the Sadie Hawkins dance and they enter into a desultory relationship. The relationship ends, however, during a game of truth or dare when Charlie is dared to kiss the prettiest girl in the room. He kisses Sam, and Mary Elizabeth storms out of the room in response. Following this, Patrick suggests that Charlie stay away from Sam for a while, and the rest of the friend group shuns him. His flashbacks of","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"5456578","text":"Charlie understands that he is recovering from his romance with Brad. Soon Patrick sees Brad engaging with a stranger in the park and Patrick is able to move on from the relationship. As the school year ends, Charlie is anxious about losing his older friends—especially Sam, who is leaving for a summer college-preparatory program and has learned that her boyfriend cheated on her. When Charlie helps her pack, they talk about his feelings for her; she is angry that he never acted on them. They begin to engage sexually, but Charlie suddenly grows inexplicably uncomfortable and stops Sam. Charlie begins","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"5456575","text":"discovers that his sister is pregnant and agrees to bring her to an abortion clinic without telling anyone. His sister breaks up with her boyfriend, after which her and Charlie's relationship begins to improve significantly. Charlie is accepted by Sam and Patrick's group of friends and begins experimenting with tobacco, alcohol and other drugs. At a party Charlie trips on LSD. He cannot control his flashbacks of Aunt Helen, who died in a car crash on her way to buy him a birthday gift. He ends up in the hospital after falling asleep in the snow. At a \"Rocky Horror","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"5456584","text":"way to their own identity.\" The idea of anonymous letters came from a real experience; during his senior year in high school, Chbosky wrote an anonymous letter to Stewart Stern about how \"Rebel Without a Cause\" had influenced him. A year and a half later, Stern found Chbosky and became his mentor. By using a series of letters from Charlie to an anonymous character, Chbosky found \"the most intimate way\" to talk directly to the reader. He thought the letters would help him keep the story cohesive, \"to convey the highs and lows of being young—one day, you're on top","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"5456583","text":"Charlie was loosely based on Chbosky himself. In the novel, Chbosky included much of his own memories from the time he lived in Pittsburgh. The other characters were manifestations of people Chbosky had known throughout his life; Chbosky focused on people's struggles and what they are passionate about, attempting to pin down the very nature of each of the characters. The characters of Sam and Patrick were an \"amalgamate and celebration\" of several people Chbosky has met; Sam was based on girls who confided in him, and Patrick was \"all the kids I knew who were gay and finding their","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"10922048","text":"Thomas Perks Thomas Perks (2 October 1883–15 January 1953) was an English cricketer who played one first-class match, for Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) against London County at Crystal Palace Park in August 1902. In an innings defeat for MCC, Perks claimed three stumpings and one catch, although John Whiteside (who stumped one further man) was listed as MCC's wicket-keeper on the scorecard. Perks was born in Worcester; he died in Ledbury, Herefordshire at the age of 69. His son, Reg Perks, had a far more substantial career, playing nearly 600 first-class matches including two Tests and playing for Worcestershire for","title":"Thomas Perks"},{"psg_id":"15198908","text":"be immediately likeable while still holding onto some deep darkness that can't be fully revealed until the end.\" John Anderson of \"Newsday\" also praised the cast saying \"As Sam, the quasi-bad girl trying to reinvent herself before college, she (Emma Watson) brings honesty and a lack of cliche to a character who might have been a standard-issue student. But equally fine are her co-stars: Ezra Miller, who plays the gay character Patrick as something messy and unusual; Paul Rudd, as their English teacher, is refreshingly thoughtful. And Charlie is portrayed by Lerman as quietly observant, yearning and delicate in a","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"15198909","text":"way that will click with audiences regardless of age\". Allison M. Lyzenga of \"My Film Habit\" praised the film saying \"This movie especially recognizes that even while high-school can be a battlefield of insecurity and bullying, you can find allies to help you through the struggle. It also shows that we all have a brighter future ahead if we let ourselves reach for it.\" Some critics had a less positive response to the film, with the main criticism being that the portrayal of teenage issues is idealized and the casting uninspired. \"The Miami Herald\" critic Connie Ogle notes that \"the","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"15198893","text":"accepted to Pennsylvania State University, so Charlie offers to tutor her, improving her grades. At Christmas, Sam gives Charlie a vintage typewriter to thank him for his help. The two discuss relationships, and Charlie reveals he has never been kissed. Sam, though already involved with someone else, tells Charlie she wants his first kiss to be from someone who loves him, and kisses him. Charlie, in love with Sam, begins to try to find ways to show her how he feels. At a regular \"Rocky Horror Picture Show\" performance, Charlie is asked to fill in for Sam's boyfriend Craig, who","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"15198894","text":"is not there. Their friend Mary Elizabeth (Mae Whitman) is impressed and asks Charlie to the Sadie Hawkins dance. The two enter into a unsatisfactory relationship. Finally, at a party, when Charlie is dared to kiss the prettiest girl in the room, he chooses Sam, upsetting both her and Mary Elizabeth. Patrick recommends Charlie stay away from the group for a while, and the isolation causes him to sink back into depression. He experiences flashbacks of his Aunt Helen (Melanie Lynskey), who died in a car accident when he was seven years old. Brad shows up to school with a","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"15198892","text":"Brad (Johnny Simmons), a popular athlete, kissing. Patrick tells Charlie that Brad doesn't want anyone to know he's gay, so Charlie agrees to keep it a secret. Sam realizes that Charlie has no other friends, so she and Patrick make a special effort to bring Charlie into their group. On their way home the three hear an unknown song on the radio, Sam instructs Patrick to drive through a tunnel so she can stand up in the back of the pickup while the music blasts. Sam needs to improve her SAT scores to be have a better chance of being","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"5456577","text":"Aunt Helen return. Patrick and Brad's relationship is discovered by Brad's abusive father, and Brad disappears from school for a few days. Upon returning, Brad is cold and mean toward Patrick, while Patrick attempts to reconnect with him. However, when Brad derogatorily attacks Patrick's sexuality in public, Patrick physically attacks Brad until other football players join in and gang up on Patrick. Charlie joins in the fight to help Patrick, and breaks it up, regaining the respect of Sam and her friends. Patrick begins spending much of his time with Charlie and Patrick kisses Charlie impulsively and then apologizes, but","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"10922049","text":"more than two decades. Thomas Perks Thomas Perks (2 October 1883–15 January 1953) was an English cricketer who played one first-class match, for Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) against London County at Crystal Palace Park in August 1902. In an innings defeat for MCC, Perks claimed three stumpings and one catch, although John Whiteside (who stumped one further man) was listed as MCC's wicket-keeper on the scorecard. Perks was born in Worcester; he died in Ledbury, Herefordshire at the age of 69. His son, Reg Perks, had a far more substantial career, playing nearly 600 first-class matches including two Tests and","title":"Thomas Perks"},{"psg_id":"5456580","text":"the case with early childhood trauma, Charlie's young mind tried to protect him from his abuse, causing him to repress his traumatic memories. This psychological damage explains his flashbacks and derealization phases throughout the book. In two months Charlie is released, and Sam and Patrick visit him. In the epilogue, Sam, Patrick and Charlie go through the tunnel again and Charlie stands up and exclaims that he feels infinite. Charlie eventually comes to terms with his past: \"Even if we don't have the power to choose where we come from, we can still choose where we go from there\". Charlie","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"15198898","text":"a screenplay after he got the rights from Chbosky; however, he never finished this screenplay. Hughes was going to use the project as a directorial comeback with more of a black comedy style. He had in mind particular actors while writing the screenplay, namely, Shia LaBeouf as Charlie, Kirsten Dunst as Sam and Patrick Fugit as Patrick. Other filmmakers who were interested in the project were Ron Howard, Richard Linklater, Josh Schwartz, McG, Joel Schumacher, Ryan Murphy and British filmmaker Danny Boyle. Mr. Mudd Productions (producers of \"Juno\") became interested in the project and wanted Chbosky to adapt the film.","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"5456592","text":"raised issues with the novel for its \"pornographic\" content and \"vulgarity\", but others have argued that the book deals with real and common teen issues concerned with growing up, so it presents a truthful viewpoint. Issues are also raised surrounding the books themes of homosexuality, as well as a \"glorification\" of the use of drugs and alcohol. In an interview, Chbosky said that he knew of two school boards which have banned the book (in Massachusetts and on Long Island). Since he \"didn't write it to be a controversial book,\" he was \"surprised\" by the bans. Since he wrote \"The","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"15198890","text":"\"Ghost World\" and \"Juno\". The film premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival on September 8, 2012, followed by the United States' theatrical release on September 21, 2012, by Summit Entertainment. It received positive critical response and commercial success, earning $33.4 million to a budget of $13 million. It received several accolades, including the Independent Spirit Award for Best First Feature, two Critics' Choice Movie Awards nominations, including Best Adapted Screenplay for Chbosky, and the 2013 GLAAD Media Award for Outstanding Film – Wide Release. Set in 1992, a young high school student, Charlie (Logan Lerman), who has been","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"5456588","text":"the novel had been published in 16 countries in 13 languages, and that same year it placed at number 16 on NPR's list of the \"100 Best-Ever Teen Novels\". Critical response was mixed; \"Publishers Weekly\" called the novel \"trite\", dealing with \"standard teenage issues\" in which \"Chbosky infuses a droning insistence on Charlie's supersensitive disposition.\" Although \"Kirkus Reviews\" said it had \"the right combination of realism and uplift\", the reviewer criticized Chbosky's \"rip-off\" of J. D. Salinger's \"The Catcher in the Rye\". Although other reviewers made similar comparisons, Chbosky said he \"was not trying to mimic [Salinger's] style as a","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"5456581","text":"decides to \"participate\" in life, and his letter-writing ends. Chbosky incorporated both fictional ideas and personal experiences to the novel. After five years with these elements in mind, he had the idea of writing the novel during a difficult period in his life. He was experiencing an unpleasant breakup of his own, which led him to ask, \"Why good people let themselves get treated so badly?\" The author tried to answer the question with the sentence \"we accept the love we think we deserve\". This quoted references the struggle of finding self love, encompassing one's life and hope for the","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"5456595","text":"list. It premiered on September 8, 2012 at the Toronto International Film Festival, and was released theatrically in the United States by Summit Entertainment on September 21. According to Metacritic it has received \"generally favorable reviews\", with an average of 67 out of 100 based on 36 reviews. Rotten Tomatoes reported an 86% approval rate, based on 153 reviews. The film grossed over $33 million worldwide from a $13 million production budget. Even though the movie was directed and scripted by the author himself, some scenes were omitted from the film adaptation. In the book, Charlie's parents are notified by","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower"},{"psg_id":"5498292","text":"Wallflower (people) A wallflower is someone with an introverted personality type (or in more extreme cases, social anxiety) who will attend parties and social gatherings, but will usually distance themselves from the crowd and actively avoid being in the limelight. The name itself derives from eponymous plant's unusual growth pattern; against a wall as a stake or in cracks and gaps in stone walls. \"Wallflowers\" might literally stand against a wall and simply observe others at a social gathering, rather than mingle. This could be due to anxiety, shyness, lack of social skills or self-esteem. Wallflower can also be used","title":"Wallflower (people)"},{"psg_id":"18480975","text":"the way for the early Parliamentary elections and ended the political crisis. He died of cancer on 17 April 1999 in Sofia. In 2007, Dobrev was posthumously awarded with the \"Justice, Freedom and Security\" medal (Bulgarian: медал „Правосъдие, свобода, сигурност“) by the Ministry of the Interior. A special distinction for a young politician from the BSP is also under his name. Nikolay Dobrev Nikolay Kirilov Dobrev () (19 October 1947 – 17 April 1999) was a Bulgarian politician who served as Minister of the Interior of Bulgaria between 10 May 1996 and 12 February 1997. Dobrev studied geophysics in Sofia","title":"Nikolay Dobrev"},{"psg_id":"18480973","text":"Nikolay Dobrev Nikolay Kirilov Dobrev () (19 October 1947 – 17 April 1999) was a Bulgarian politician who served as Minister of the Interior of Bulgaria between 10 May 1996 and 12 February 1997. Dobrev studied geophysics in Sofia and then worked as an engineer at the Laboratory for underground nuclear geophysics and geochemistry (Bulgarian: Лаборатория по подземна и ядрена геофизика и геохимия). In 1991, Dobrev was elected as a member of the National Parliament and became part of the supreme council (Bulgarian: Висшия съвет) of BSP. After Lyubomir Nachev's resignation, Dobrev succeeded him as Minister of the Interior in","title":"Nikolay Dobrev"},{"psg_id":"17444003","text":"was an Orthodox Christian and commonly talked about Jesus to others whether they donated or not. He was usually very thankful to those who donated. Dobrev died on 13 February 2018, at Kremikovtsi Monastery. He was 103. Dobri Dobrev Dobri Dimitrov Dobrev (, 20 July 1914 – 13 February 2018), better known as Grandpa Dobri, Elder Dobri () or The Saint of Bailovo, was a Bulgarian ascetic who walked over each day to sit or stand in front of the Cathedral of Alexander Nevsky in Sofia to collect money for charitable causes. Dobrev donated all the money he collected to","title":"Dobri Dobrev"},{"psg_id":"20300846","text":"virtues as coach in the ceremony. Dobrev has rejected rumours that he is leaving Ifeanyi Ubah F.C. in 2016 as he is still the technical advisor of the club. Mitko Dobrev Mitko Dobrev (Bulgarian: Митко Добрев) is a Bulgarian football manager. Mitko Dobrev attended the National Sports Academy \"Vasil Levski\" where he studied Physical Therapy and Coaching in 1977-1981. Mitko Dobrev holds an UEFA A Licence and is a part of the Bulgarian Football Union. Having managed mostly in Africa, he hopes that he will someday coach in Asia to diversify his coaching experience. Retired manager Ivan Vutsov helped Dobrev","title":"Mitko Dobrev"},{"psg_id":"15198897","text":"up in a hospital, where psychiatrist Dr. Burton (Joan Cusack) manages to bring out Charlie's repressed memories which reveals that his aunt sexually abused him. The night Charlie is released from the hospital he is visited by Sam and Patrick. Sam explains what college life is like, and that she has found \"The Tunnel Song\" \"Heroes\" by David Bowie. The three revisit the tunnel, where Charlie kisses Sam again, and he stands up in the back of the truck. Charlie acknowledges that he feels alive and in that moment\"We are infinite.\" John Hughes read the novel and attempted to write","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"15198891","text":"suffering from clinical depression from childhood setbacks has recently been discharged from a mental health care institution. Charlie is uneasy about beginning his freshman year of high school; he is shy and finds difficulty in making friends, but he connects with his English teacher, Mr. Anderson (Paul Rudd). Charlie meets two seniors, Sam (Emma Watson) and her stepbrother Patrick (Ezra Miller), at a football game and they invite him to a party. Charlie unknowingly eats a cannabis brownie, gets high and discloses to Sam that the year before, his best friend committed suicide. He also walks in on Patrick and","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"15198904","text":"not in the film itself. The score was composed by Michael Brook and released September 25, 2012. The official time of the score in its entirety is 23:41 minutes long. The cover shows five people on the top of sport field bleachers looking out, with two characters having their arms up cheerfully. This is in reference to the graduation scene in the novel. The film was scheduled to be released on September 14, 2012, but it was announced in August 2012 that it would be released a week later, on September 21, 2012, in selected cities. The film continued to","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"15198896","text":"on her. The night before she departs, she brings Charlie to her room. They confide in each other and kiss, but when Sam touches Charlie's thigh, he experiences a momentary flashback of his Aunt Helen, which he passes off as nothing, and they continue to kiss. After she leaves for college, though, his emotional state deteriorates and his flashbacks worsen. He calls his sister blaming himself for Helen's death, and admits he may have wanted it to happen. His sister realizes he is in trouble and calls the police. Charlie passes out as they burst through the door and wakes","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"17444000","text":"Dobri Dobrev Dobri Dimitrov Dobrev (, 20 July 1914 – 13 February 2018), better known as Grandpa Dobri, Elder Dobri () or The Saint of Bailovo, was a Bulgarian ascetic who walked over each day to sit or stand in front of the Cathedral of Alexander Nevsky in Sofia to collect money for charitable causes. Dobrev donated all the money he collected to charities, orphanages, churches, and monasteries. He turned 100 in July 2014. In Bulgarian, his name translates as \"good\" or \"kind\". Dobrev was born 20 July 1914 in the village of Bailovo. His father, Dimitar, died in World","title":"Dobri Dobrev"},{"psg_id":"15198895","text":"black eye having been caught by his father having sex with Patrick. Brad lies, saying that he was jumped and beaten up. Brad distances himself from Patrick, calling him a \"faggot\" causing Patrick to punch him. Brad's friends begin beating Patrick, but Charlie forcefully intervenes, then blacks out. When he recovers he finds that he has bruised knuckles and Brad's friends are on the floor, incapacitated. Sam and Patrick express their gratitude to Charlie, and the three become friends again. Sam is accepted into Penn State, and breaks up with Craig on prom night after learning he has been cheating","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"15805345","text":"of accountancy science\"“ Volume I, 2004,p. 33, Docent Trifon Trifonov, cites that “according to D. Dobrev, “...\"categories of monetary values... separately do not accomplish evaluated movements (economic turnover), except for their being placed in one unified functional entirety... as it is necessary for these forces to be drawn from their concrete material characteristic over one common denominator of the monetary-valuation enumeration”\" (as cited in Dobrev, D., \"Science of the separate economy\", Printing House H.G.Danov, O.O.Society, Sofia, 1941, p. 108)”. Furthermore Docent Trifon Trifonov cites a colleague, (Yanakiev, R. 1971) who stated, “\"that when he makes a general historical review of","title":"Dimitar Dobrev (academic)"},{"psg_id":"20300843","text":"Mitko Dobrev Mitko Dobrev (Bulgarian: Митко Добрев) is a Bulgarian football manager. Mitko Dobrev attended the National Sports Academy \"Vasil Levski\" where he studied Physical Therapy and Coaching in 1977-1981. Mitko Dobrev holds an UEFA A Licence and is a part of the Bulgarian Football Union. Having managed mostly in Africa, he hopes that he will someday coach in Asia to diversify his coaching experience. Retired manager Ivan Vutsov helped Dobrev when he first went to Ghana to coach Accra Hearts of Oak F.C. the team had an unbeaten record of 22 matches and went on to become Champions of","title":"Mitko Dobrev"},{"psg_id":"5498300","text":"rate of relationship difficulties and substance abuse. Anxiety attacks are a combination of physical and mental symptoms that are intense and overwhelming. The anxiety is, however, more than just regular nervousness. Symptoms of anxiety attacks and panic attacks mimic serious medical issues, such as: Despite their intensity, anxiety attacks are generally not life-threatening. Wallflower (people) A wallflower is someone with an introverted personality type (or in more extreme cases, social anxiety) who will attend parties and social gatherings, but will usually distance themselves from the crowd and actively avoid being in the limelight. The name itself derives from eponymous plant's","title":"Wallflower (people)"},{"psg_id":"16082616","text":"have a nice little cliffhanger that seems to allude to a return to the insanity. In this third \"reality,\" this alternate time stream, it is beginning to feel like maybe it is an entirely new universe.\" Wallflower (Fringe) \"Wallflower\" is the seventh episode of the fourth season of the Fox science-fiction drama television series \"Fringe\", and the series' 72nd episode overall. \"Wallflower\" served as the shows' mid-season finale, as it is the last to air in 2011; the next installment was broadcast on January 13, 2012. The episode was co-written by Matt Pitts and Justin Doble, while being directed by","title":"Wallflower (Fringe)"},{"psg_id":"15198902","text":"Stephen Chbosky writes in the album’s liner notes. “I’ve shared them with friends. And they have shared their favourites with me. Some of the songs are popular. Some of them are not known by a whole lot of people. But they are all great in their own way. And since these songs have meant a lot to me, I just wanted you to have them as a soundtrack for whatever you need them to be for your life.” The soundtrack, with a run time of 1hr and 48mins, was released Aug 1st, 2012 by Atlantic Records. The cover of the","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"15198899","text":"The producersJohn Malkovich, Lianne Halfon, and Russell Smithhired Chbosky to write a screenplay adaptation (instead of Hughes) and to direct the film. Chbosky found value in half of Hughes' screenplay, so he negotiated for the rights from Hughes' heirs and added his own touches. In January 2011, Summit acquired distribution rights. The following month, Summit sought a buyer for the project at the European Film Market held simultaneously with the Berlin International Film Festival. In May 2010, actors Logan Lerman and Emma Watson were reported as in talks for the project and confirmed the following year. In April 2011, Mae","title":"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"16082606","text":"Wallflower (Fringe) \"Wallflower\" is the seventh episode of the fourth season of the Fox science-fiction drama television series \"Fringe\", and the series' 72nd episode overall. \"Wallflower\" served as the shows' mid-season finale, as it is the last to air in 2011; the next installment was broadcast on January 13, 2012. The episode was co-written by Matt Pitts and Justin Doble, while being directed by Anthony Hemingway. Olivia Dunham (Anna Torv), suffering from a late night migraine, runs across her fellow agent Lincoln Lee (Seth Gabel) at an all-night diner. Meanwhile, Peter Bishop (Joshua Jackson), having been allowed to live on","title":"Wallflower (Fringe)"},{"psg_id":"16775825","text":"Delyan Dobrev Delyan Dobrev (born 1977 or 1978) is a Bulgarian politician. He was the Deputy Bulgarian Minister of Economy and Energy under Traycho Traykov, succeeding him as Minister in March 2012 following an energy crisis in the country which included the alleged termination of the Belene Nuclear Power Plant project and the resignation of Traykov. Currently Dobrev is a MP from Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria. According to published reports, \"Dobrev graduated in economics in 2002 from Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut in the United States. He specialised [sic] in accounting and finance at the London School of Economics.\"","title":"Delyan Dobrev"},{"psg_id":"16775824","text":"Delyan Dobrev Delyan Dobrev (born 1977 or 1978) is a Bulgarian politician. He was the Deputy Bulgarian Minister of Economy and Energy under Traycho Traykov, succeeding him as Minister in March 2012 following an energy crisis in the country which included the alleged termination of the Belene Nuclear Power Plant project and the resignation of Traykov. Currently Dobrev is a MP from Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria. According to published reports, \"Dobrev graduated in economics in 2002 from Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut in the United States. He specialised [sic] in accounting and finance at the London School of Economics.\"","title":"Delyan Dobrev"},{"psg_id":"4755002","text":"the first films shown on the Sundance Channel. In the late 1990s, Chbosky wrote several unproduced screenplays, including ones titled \"Audrey Hepburn's Neck\" and \"Schoolhouse Rock\". In 1994, Chbosky was working on a \"very different type of book\" than \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\" when he wrote the line, \"I guess that's just one of the perks of being a wallflower.\" Chbosky recalled that he \"wrote that line. And stopped. And realized that somewhere in that [sentence] was the kid I was really trying to find.\" After several years of gestation, Chbosky began researching and writing \"The Perks of","title":"Stephen Chbosky"},{"psg_id":"6202544","text":"Klára Dobrev Klára Dobrev (born 2 February 1972) is the wife of former Hungarian Prime Minister Ferenc Gyurcsány. She was born in Sofia, Bulgaria to a Hungarian mother, Piroska Apró, and a Bulgarian father, Petar Dobrev. Her maternal grandfather, Antal Apró, was Hungary's Minister of Industry in the 1950s–60s. Dobrev holds a degree in economics from the Budapest University of Economics, and a Law degree from the Eötvös Loránd University of Arts and Sciences. During her years at the University of Economics she was a member of AIESEC, and at the organization's 1992 world conference she was the animator board's","title":"Klára Dobrev"},{"psg_id":"17444002","text":"restoration of churches and monasteries across Bulgaria. It is this new direction in life and the example he gave with his asceticism that led many to call him \"The Saint of Bailovo\". Over the course of his lifetime, Dobrev donated over 80,000 Bulgarian lev (40,000 euros) to churches, monasteries and other noble deeds. Among his biggest donations are: Dobrev married around 1940, as Bulgaria joined World War II. In one of the bombings of Sofia, a bomb fell near him and he lost almost all his hearing. Dobrev and his wife had four children, two of whom he outlived. Dobrev","title":"Dobri Dobrev"},{"psg_id":"6560306","text":"transit. He also works as an adjunct professor at the Environmental Studies department of the University of Toronto. Perks was the focus of province-wide attention when he disrupted Ontario Premier David Peterson's press conference launching the 1990 provincial election campaign. As Peterson announced the election and began to make a statement as to why his government should be re-elected, Perks appeared with a briefcase chained to his wrist containing a tape recorder playing a recording of environmental promises made by Peterson, in an act of criticism of the Liberal government's environmental record. Perks also heckled Peterson with a bullhorn. Greenpeace","title":"Gord Perks"},{"psg_id":"6202545","text":"vice president responsible for public relations. Dobrev spent her internship at MODI XEROX as a marketing assistant at Bangalore, India. She has held several government positions in the past, including Chief Cabinet to Péter Medgyessy during the 2001–02 election, and vice-president of the Office for the National Development Plan and EU Support, where she served from 2002 until her husband's nomination for prime minister in 2004, when she resigned. She is a senior lecturer at Eötvös Loránd University. Klára Dobrev Klára Dobrev (born 2 February 1972) is the wife of former Hungarian Prime Minister Ferenc Gyurcsány. She was born in","title":"Klára Dobrev"},{"psg_id":"12469382","text":"was announced McGregor had dropped out of his planned appearance to focus on training and the UFC; he was replaced by Michael Bisping. On January 1, 2016, Twitch Film reported that Tony Jaa, Jet Li and Deepika Padukone were cast in roles. The following week, Nina Dobrev and Ruby Rose were also cast. Dobrev would be playing a witty and sarcastic techie, while Padukone would play a huntress who happens to be Cage's former lover. Rose would play a sniper. Andrey Ivchenko was confirmed to be another villain in the film, given that earlier reports revealed Li to be playing","title":"XXX: Return of Xander Cage"},{"psg_id":"4443653","text":"The Wallflower (manga) Nippon Animation adapted part of the manga series into a twenty-five episode anime series which aired on TV Tokyo and TV Aichi from October 3, 2006 through March 27, 2007. The anime adaptation has been licensed for Region 1 release by A.D. Vision, who paid $500,000. In 2008, \"The WallFlower\" became one of over 30 ADV titles whose North American rights were transferred to Funimation Entertainment. \"The Wallflower\" is about a girl named Sunako who was called ugly by the first and only person to whom she confessed her love. This incident sparks a life change, and","title":"The Wallflower (manga)"},{"psg_id":"16958916","text":"Watson – \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\" San Diego Film Critics Society Awards 2012 The 17th San Diego Film Critics Society Awards were announced on December 11, 2012. Daniel Day-Lewis – \"Lincoln\" Michelle Williams – \"Take This Waltz\" ParaNorman \"Life of Pi\" – Claudio Miranda Ben Affleck – \"Argo\" The Invisible War \"Argo\" – William Goldenberg The Perks of Being a Wallflower Argo \"The Kid with a Bike (Le gamin au vélo)\" • Belgium / France / Italy \"Cloud Atlas\" – Hugh Bateup and Uli Hanisch \"The Master\" – Jonny Greenwood \"The Master\" – Paul Thomas Anderson \"Argo\" –","title":"San Diego Film Critics Society Awards 2012"},{"psg_id":"15805344","text":"Институт на заклетите експерт-счетоводители). He was awarded the medal of St.Cyril and Metodius, First Degree. After a 40-year career in academia and teaching, Professor Dobrev died in Sofia on 21 April 1961. Prof. Dobrev is mentioned by his former students (see Professor Christo Kaligorov) as ″\"not merely a great scientist, but an outstanding educator and a pedagogue\"″. Professor Kosta Pergelov spoke of his ″\"contribution as the founder of contemporary accountancy theory in Bulgaria, who is rightly regarded by the generations as the patriarch of accountancy in Bulgaria\"″. In his academic work, „\"Strategic accountancy analysis of value-revolutionary stage in the development","title":"Dimitar Dobrev (academic)"},{"psg_id":"3139907","text":"stereotypes told through five intertwining storylines. Beginning in 2009, McDermott starred in the TNT drama \"Dark Blue\", playing a veteran cop who heads a squad of undercover LAPD officers. The show ran for two seasons, each consisting of ten episodes. In 2011, McDermott starred on \"American Horror Story\" on FX as Ben Harmon, a psychologist and cheating husband. He returned to as a new character due to the series' anthology format, this time portraying Johnny Morgan. In 2012, he appeared in three films: \"The Campaign\", playing Tim Wattley, a campaign manager, \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\", as the father","title":"Dylan McDermott"},{"psg_id":"19887255","text":"to score a goal in Bulgarian First League, scoring at the age of 15 years and 345 days. Kristian Dobrev (footballer, born 2001) Kristian Dobrev (; born 27 April 2001) is a Bulgarian footballer who currently plays as a forward for Botev Plovdiv. Kristian started his career in the youth ranks of his hometown club Neftochimic Burgas, but moved to Botev Plovdiv's academy in May 2014. On 26 November 2016, he made his professional debut in a 1–3 home defeat against Ludogorets Razgrad, coming on as substitute for Omar Kossoko. Kris Dobrev scored his debut goal in an official game","title":"Kristian Dobrev (footballer, born 2001)"},{"psg_id":"19887254","text":"Kristian Dobrev (footballer, born 2001) Kristian Dobrev (; born 27 April 2001) is a Bulgarian footballer who currently plays as a forward for Botev Plovdiv. Kristian started his career in the youth ranks of his hometown club Neftochimic Burgas, but moved to Botev Plovdiv's academy in May 2014. On 26 November 2016, he made his professional debut in a 1–3 home defeat against Ludogorets Razgrad, coming on as substitute for Omar Kossoko. Kris Dobrev scored his debut goal in an official game for Botev Plovdiv on 7 April 2017 during the 7-1 win over Montana. He became the youngest player","title":"Kristian Dobrev (footballer, born 2001)"},{"psg_id":"18480974","text":"the Zhan Videnov cabinet in 1996. Dobrev played an important role during the December 1996-February 1997 political deadlock in Bulgaria. After discontent against the economic policies of the Zhan Videnov government and the resulting inflation triggered massive protests, strikes as well as acts of civil disobedience, Dobrev (who was envisioned by the BSP as the next Prime Minister following Videnov's resignation) and Georgi Parvanov reached an agreement on 4 February 1997 with then Bulgarian president Petar Stoyanov not to attempt to form a new government under the Socialists' mandate (even though they were legally entitled to do so). This paved","title":"Nikolay Dobrev"},{"psg_id":"13857715","text":"Perks, Illinois Perks is an unincorporated community in Pulaski County, Illinois, United States. Perks is northeast of Ullin. Perks has a post office with ZIP code 62973. Perks was originally known as Stringtown. The community has one grocery store and gas station, Caspers Store. Local attractions include the Cache River State Natural Area. Perks has fewer than 100 people, many of whom are farmers or longtime residents of the community. On July 3, 2012, the town was badly hit by a twister/tornado from two winds colliding in the Perks, Illinois area. None were injured or killed, but several houses were","title":"Perks, Illinois"},{"psg_id":"1320540","text":"reported to be in talks to star in a film adaptation of \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\". Filming began in summer 2011, and the film was released in September 2012. In \"The Bling Ring\" (2013), Watson stars as Nicki. The film is based on the real-life Bling Ring robberies, with Watson playing a fictionalised version of Alexis Neiers, a television personality who was one of seven teenagers involved in the robberies. While the film mostly received mixed reviews, critics gave almost unanimous praise for Watson's portrayal. Watson also had a supporting role in the apocalyptic comedy \"This Is the","title":"Emma Watson"},{"psg_id":"13857716","text":"hit by large, falling trees, and one uninhabited house got completely hit by a falling tree. A barn was destroyed, and pieces went into a cornfield, also ruining a brand new truck. Perks, Illinois Perks is an unincorporated community in Pulaski County, Illinois, United States. Perks is northeast of Ullin. Perks has a post office with ZIP code 62973. Perks was originally known as Stringtown. The community has one grocery store and gas station, Caspers Store. Local attractions include the Cache River State Natural Area. Perks has fewer than 100 people, many of whom are farmers or longtime residents of","title":"Perks, Illinois"},{"psg_id":"4594515","text":"Craig Perks Craig William Perks (born 6 January 1967) is a professional golfer from New Zealand who played on the PGA Tour. Born and raised in Palmerston North, New Zealand, Perks played college golf in the United States at the University of Oklahoma in Norman and the University of Southwestern Louisiana in Lafayette, Louisiana. He turned professional in 1993 and played on the second tier Nike Tour for several seasons. He became a member of the PGA Tour after a tie for 35th in the 1999 Qualifying School earned him his tour card for the 2000 season. At age 35","title":"Craig Perks"},{"psg_id":"4594517","text":"named the New Zealand Sportsman of the Year for 2002. It granted a five-year exemption on tour, but was his only win in 202 starts. After making only one cut on the PGA Tour during 2006 and 2007, he announced his retirement in November 2007, and became a commentator on the Golf Channel. CUT = missed the half-way cut<br> \"T\" = tied Craig Perks Craig William Perks (born 6 January 1967) is a professional golfer from New Zealand who played on the PGA Tour. Born and raised in Palmerston North, New Zealand, Perks played college golf in the United States","title":"Craig Perks"},{"psg_id":"18924863","text":"Ohio household where one sister gets all the attention from the boys and the other none, there seems to be little point in remarking that there is nothing sparklingly original about either the writing or the direction in \"Wallflower\".\" Wallflower (film) Wallflower is a 1948 American comedy film directed by Frederick de Cordova and written by Henry Ephron and Phoebe Ephron. The film stars Robert Hutton, Joyce Reynolds, Janis Paige, Edward Arnold, Barbara Brown and Jerome Cowan. The film was released by Warner Bros. on June 13, 1948. Joy Linnett and her stepsister Jackie miss a flight home to Ohio,","title":"Wallflower (film)"},{"psg_id":"19985442","text":"and Leicester Lion Cubs in the National League. Ellis Perks Ellis George Perks (born 18 March 1997) is a British speedway rider. He is the Great nephew of former rider Dave Perks and son of former referee Robbie Perks. Born in Worcester, England, Perks began riding grasstrack at the age of 6 and took up speedway aged 10 after moving to Australia with his family in 2007. He made his British speedway league debut in 2014 with Scunthorpe Scorpions' National League team, and was signed by Poole Pirates as a club asset in 2015, riding that year in the Premier","title":"Ellis Perks"},{"psg_id":"19985440","text":"Ellis Perks Ellis George Perks (born 18 March 1997) is a British speedway rider. He is the Great nephew of former rider Dave Perks and son of former referee Robbie Perks. Born in Worcester, England, Perks began riding grasstrack at the age of 6 and took up speedway aged 10 after moving to Australia with his family in 2007. He made his British speedway league debut in 2014 with Scunthorpe Scorpions' National League team, and was signed by Poole Pirates as a club asset in 2015, riding that year in the Premier League for Scorpions and in the National League","title":"Ellis Perks"},{"psg_id":"15805341","text":"Dimitar Dobrev (academic) Dimitar Dobrev () was one of Bulgaria’s leading economists and academicians. He worked in the field of accountancy as science, a theoretician, economist, lecturer, second Rector of the Free University of Political and Economic Sciences, professor at the State High School of Finance and administrative sciences (Bulgarian: Държавно Висше училище за финансови и административни науки ДВУФАН) and the Higher Economics Institute \"Karl Marx\". Professor Dobrev was born on 31 August 1888 in Kotel, Bulgaria. He studied at the Trade and Commerce College Svishtov. He graduated, completing a doctorate degree in economics at Erlangen, Germany in 1911. On","title":"Dimitar Dobrev (academic)"},{"psg_id":"15805348","text":"the author gives a systematic review of it as an ″\"instrumental unit, a constructive social element of organised human purposeful activities, at the base of which lies budget activity″\" Dimitar Dobrev (academic) Dimitar Dobrev () was one of Bulgaria’s leading economists and academicians. He worked in the field of accountancy as science, a theoretician, economist, lecturer, second Rector of the Free University of Political and Economic Sciences, professor at the State High School of Finance and administrative sciences (Bulgarian: Държавно Висше училище за финансови и административни науки ДВУФАН) and the Higher Economics Institute \"Karl Marx\". Professor Dobrev was born on","title":"Dimitar Dobrev (academic)"},{"psg_id":"6895525","text":"professional captain of Worcestershire, taking five wickets for 79 runs against Hampshire in his last match, in so doing raising his aggregate to 100 wickets for the sixteenth consecutive season. This feat is bettered only by Derek Shackleton and Tich Freeman. Perks played more than 500 matches for Worcestershire. He was the only man to take two thousand wickets for the county: his final total of 2,143 Worcestershire wickets (out of 2,233 in all) easily a county record, being more than 500 victims clear of second-placed Norman Gifford. His father Thomas Perks had one first-class game for Marylebone Cricket Club","title":"Reg Perks"},{"psg_id":"5498295","text":"community. Because the \"wallflower\" will usually exhibit a \"lack of\" interaction with others, it becomes symbolic of their thoughts and feelings towards others. The most specific example would be in the body language. Many times people who are shy have little or no eye contact with others. You may see a man, woman, or child try to avoid eye contact with others while out walking around in public or even in private. For some this may be a condition that becomes consistent over time and become a normal action. In the case of parties or social gatherings, the \"wallflower\" will","title":"Wallflower (people)"},{"psg_id":"12961309","text":"potent tincture. It is bittersweet, dangerous, full of mad enthusiasms, wild adventures, sexual excess, and genuine tragedy. Micah Perks never loses her perfect pitch...I could not put it down and cannot forget it.\" Peter Coyote Micah Perks Micah Perks is an American fiction writer and memoirist. Her three books, \"We Are Gathered Here\" (St. Martin's Press 1997) , \"Pagan Time\" (Counterpoint Press 2001) , and \"What Becomes Us\" (Outpost19 Books 2016) examine the utopian impulse in U.S. history. Micah Perks grew up on a commune in the Adirondack Mountains. She later went to high school in Middlebury, Vermont, and received","title":"Micah Perks"},{"psg_id":"12237993","text":"Wallflower (band) Wallflower were an alternative rock band from London, England. They were active between 1994–1998, and released two EPs and a 10\" single. Initially heavily influenced by the likes of Faith No More, Tool and Pearl Jam, Wallflower soon acquired a considerably wider range of more progressive and eclectic influences, including Nick Drake, Robert Fripp, Tortoise, Slint and Tom Waits, and also took influence from many aspects of contemporary art and poetry. The band's later work took a somewhat more experimental turn, with many experiments with song structures, alternative instrumentation (including using AM radios, various percussion instruments, steel pans,","title":"Wallflower (band)"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9513310\",\n \"text\": \"Nina Dobrev Nikolina Konstantinova Dobreva (born January 9, 1989), known professionally as Nina Dobrev (), is a Canadian actress. Her first acting role was as Mia Jones in the drama series \\\"\\\". She later became known for portraying Elena Gilbert and Katherine Pierce, along with two other characters on The CW's supernatural drama series \\\"The Vampire Diaries\\\". Dobrev has also appeared in several feature films, including the 2012 coming-of-age drama \\\"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\\\", the 2014 action comedy \\\"Let's Be Cops\\\", the 2015 horror comedy \\\"The Final Girls\\\", the 2017 action thriller \\\"\\\", and the 2017 science fiction\",\n \"title\": \"Nina Dobrev\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198911\",\n \"text\": \"Wallflower\\\" one of the best films of the year. The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film) The Perks of Being a Wallflower is a 2012 American coming-of-age drama film written and directed by Stephen Chbosky, based on Chbosky’s 1999 novel of the same name. Logan Lerman stars as a teenager named Charlie who writes to an unnamed friend, and these epistles chronicle his trials, tribulations, and triumphs as he goes through his first year of high school. The film depicts his depression and anxiety as he goes through his journey in high school making new friends. The film's ensemble cast\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198888\",\n \"text\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film) The Perks of Being a Wallflower is a 2012 American coming-of-age drama film written and directed by Stephen Chbosky, based on Chbosky’s 1999 novel of the same name. Logan Lerman stars as a teenager named Charlie who writes to an unnamed friend, and these epistles chronicle his trials, tribulations, and triumphs as he goes through his first year of high school. The film depicts his depression and anxiety as he goes through his journey in high school making new friends. The film's ensemble cast also features Emma Watson, Ezra Miller, Mae Whitman, Kate\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456571\",\n \"text\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower The Perks of Being a Wallflower is a coming-of-age epistolary novel by American writer Stephen Chbosky, which was first published on February 1, 1999, by Pocket Books. Set in the early 1990s, the novel follows Charlie, an introverted teenager, through his freshman year of high school in a Pittsburgh suburb. The novel details Charlie’s unconventional style of thinking as he navigates between the worlds of adolescence and adulthood, and attempts to deal with poignant questions spurred by his interactions with both his friends and family. Chbosky took five years to develop and publish \\\"The\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198901\",\n \"text\": \"he had seen \\\"The Rocky Horror Picture Show\\\" there when younger. The film also has scenes within Pittsburgh city limits inside the Fort Pitt Tunnel, Fort Pitt Bridge on Interstate 376 and on Mount Washington. The Perks of Being a Wallflower (Soundtrack) is the official music for the book turned film, \\\"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (2012).\\\" The soundtrack was selected by music supervisor, Alexandra Patsavas and the score was composed Michael Brook. The film itself follows the main characters Charlie, and step brother and sister combo Patrick and Sam, as they grow throughout high school. Screenwriter and director\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456590\",\n \"text\": \"an overabundance of pure, raw angst ... unlike some more arrested development-friendly young adult fare like \\\"Harry Potter\\\", \\\"Perks\\\" speaks to a more specific age range and does it well.\\\" \\\"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\\\" has appeared six times on the American Library Association's list of 10 most-frequently-challenged books for its content. A Wisconsin school board refused to ban the book, angering local parents. The Glen Ellyn District 41 school board in suburban Chicago unanimously voted to reinstate the novel after it was removed from eighth-grade classrooms at Hadley Junior High School because of a parent's objection to its\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456586\",\n \"text\": \"convey respect for teenagers, to \\\"validate and respect and celebrate what [teenagers] are going through every day\\\", and said the novel is for \\\"anyone who's felt like an outcast.\\\" Read by all ages, \\\"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\\\" is targeted at a teenage audience. The book addresses a range of themes dispassionately. These themes include drugs, friendship, body image, first love, suicide, eating disorders and sexuality. Chbosky appreciates the importance of entertainment in adolescence: \\\"Books, songs, and movies are more than entertainment when we're young. They help all of us discover who we are, what we believe, and what\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456585\",\n \"text\": \"of the world and you’ve had the greatest of times\\\". Critics have identified primary themes of teenage reality and nostalgia. According to David Edelstein of the \\\"New York Magazine\\\", Chbosky captures the \\\"feeling you belong when among friends, yet you'd soon be alone\\\" and notes that \\\"the pain of loss ... [is] almost as intense as the bliss ... it's nostalgia with an emphasis on nostos, pain [sic].\\\" Marty Beckerman of \\\"Word Riot\\\" said that \\\"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\\\" connects with young people because its scenes are \\\"so universal and happen to so many teenagers.\\\" Chbosky wanted to\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456593\",\n \"text\": \"Perks of Being a Wallflower\\\", Chbosky aspired to adapt it into a film, calling this \\\"a lifelong dream of mine\\\". After the publication of the novel, the author said he received film offers, refusing them because he \\\"owed the fans a movie that was worthy of their love for the book\\\". In 2010 Mr. Mudd began developing a film version, and the author was signed to write and direct the film by producers John Malkovich, Lianne Halfon and Russell Smith. The film, shot in the Pittsburgh area from May 9 to June 29, 2011, starred Logan Lerman as Charlie, Emma\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456572\",\n \"text\": \"Perks of Being a Wallflower\\\" , creating the characters and other aspects of the story from his own memories. The novel addresses themes permeating adolescence, including introversion, sexuality, drug use, and mental health, while also making several references to other literary works, films, and pop culture in general. Because of the mentioned themes, it was banned in some American schools for its content. In 2012, Chbosky himself adapted and directed a film version starring Logan Lerman, Emma Watson and Ezra Miller. The film boosted the novel's sales, and the book reached \\\"The New York Times\\\" Best Seller list. Charlie, the\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456587\",\n \"text\": \"we hope our life can be.\\\" As such, the book contains several cultural references across all mediums: musically the book references The Smiths and Fleetwood Mac, literarily the book references \\\"This Side of Paradise\\\", \\\"On the Road\\\", \\\"To Kill a Mockingbird\\\" and theatrically the book references \\\"The Rocky Horror Picture Show\\\". \\\"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\\\" was first published on February 1, 1999 by Pocket Books through its MTV Books imprint. It became the subsidiary's best-selling book with 100,000 copies in print as of 2000, and was included on school reading lists and gathered a cult following. By 2012,\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456582\",\n \"text\": \"future, and not just romantic love. The story began when Chbosky was in school, evolving from another book on which he was working. In that book he wrote the sentence, \\\"I guess that's just one of the perks of being a wallflower\\\", which led him to realize \\\"that somewhere in that ... was the kid I was really trying to find.\\\" Chbosky began writing the novel in the summer of 1996 while he was in college, and within ten weeks he completed the story. He rewrote it into two more drafts, concluding the published version in the summer of 1998.\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198906\",\n \"text\": \"per theater. The film earned $17,742,948 in North America and $15,641,179 in other countries, for a worldwide total of $33,384,127. The film received mainly positive reviews. Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a \\\"Certified Fresh\\\" score of 85%, based on reviews from 158 critics, with an average score of 7.5/10. The site's consensus states: \\\"\\\"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\\\" is a heartfelt and sincere adaptation that's bolstered by strong lead performances.\\\" On Metacritic, which assigns a normalised rating out of 100 based on reviews from critics, the film has a score of 67 based on 36 reviews,\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198903\",\n \"text\": \"soundtrack shows the three main characters with a green backdrop behind them. The character Sam (Emma Watson) is leaning her head on the main character Charlie’s (Logan Lerman) shoulder. The third member of the famous trio, Patrick (Ezra Miller), stands on the other side of Sam looking straight forward. Written above their heads are the words, “The Perks of being a Wallflower: The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack”. Helping the film in its advertisement was the song \\\"It’s Time\\\" by the Las Vegas native band Imagine Dragons. This song found its way on the trailer for the movie, however, it was\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198905\",\n \"text\": \"expand on September 28, 2012, with a nationwide release on October 12, 2012. The UK premiere was on September 23 at the Cambridge Film Festival. The film originally received an R rating for \\\"teen drug and alcohol use, and some sexual references\\\". The filmmakers appealed and the MPAA changed it to PG-13 for \\\"mature thematic material, drug and alcohol use, sexual content including references, and a fightall involving teens\\\". \\\"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\\\" received a limited release of four theaters in the United States on September 21, 2012, and grossed $228,359 on its limited opening weekend, averaging $57,089\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9513317\",\n \"text\": \"the comedy \\\"Fam\\\", a CBS television pilot that was picked up to series in May 2018. Dobrev speaks English, French and Bulgarian. While filming \\\"The Vampire Diaries\\\", Dobrev lived in Atlanta, but moved to Los Angeles after leaving the series in 2015. Nina Dobrev Nikolina Konstantinova Dobreva (born January 9, 1989), known professionally as Nina Dobrev (), is a Canadian actress. Her first acting role was as Mia Jones in the drama series \\\"\\\". She later became known for portraying Elena Gilbert and Katherine Pierce, along with two other characters on The CW's supernatural drama series \\\"The Vampire Diaries\\\". Dobrev\",\n \"title\": \"Nina Dobrev\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198889\",\n \"text\": \"Walsh, Dylan McDermott, Nina Dobrev, Johnny Simmons, Erin Wilhelmi, Melanie Lynskey, Paul Rudd and Joan Cusack. John Hughes originally read the novel and attempted to write a screenplay after he got the rights from Chbosky; however, he never finished writing the screenplay. Mr. Mudd Productions wanted Chbosky to adapt his own novel; after he finished writing the screenplay, production was approved. Filming began in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on May 2011 and lasted approximately fifty days. This is one of the three films from John Malkovich, Lianne Halfon and Russell Smith's Mr. Mudd Productions that feature struggling teenagers; the other two are\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456573\",\n \"text\": \"15-year-old protagonist, begins writing letters about his own life to an unknown recipient. In these letters he discusses his first year at high school and his struggles with two traumatic experiences: the suicide of his only middle-school friend, Michael Dobson, and the death of his favorite aunt, Helen. His English teacher, who encourages Charlie to call him Bill, notices Charlie's passion for reading and writing, and acts as a mentor by assigning him extracurricular books and reports. Although he is a wallflower, Charlie is befriended by two seniors: Patrick and Sam. Patrick is secretly dating Brad, a closeted football player,\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456591\",\n \"text\": \"sexual content. Further objections to the book include the use of \\\"profanity\\\", \\\"drug abuse\\\", \\\"sexually explicit\\\" scenes, and \\\"torture\\\". Groups like PABBIS (Parents Against Bad Books in School) work to restrict literature considered \\\"controversial\\\" from being accessed by younger children. The group believes these \\\"bad books\\\" should be moved to the adult section. In 2009, \\\"Perks\\\" was repeatedly challenged for descriptions of masturbation, sexually explicit conduct, drug use, and talk of suicide and there have been multiple pushes across the United States to move this literary work from the children and young adults section to the adult section. Parents have\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198910\",\n \"text\": \"suicide of Charlie’s best friend, which takes place before the film opens, seems glossed over too quickly\\\" despite the event being Charlie's main character motivation in the film. Jack Wilson of \\\"The Age\\\" writes, \\\"the script is transparently fake at almost every moment, congratulating the gang on their non-conformity while soft-pedalling any aspect of adolescent behaviourdrug use, sex, profanitythat might upset the American mainstream.\\\" Richard Corliss of \\\"Time\\\" criticized the casting of actors in their twenties to play teenagers, unlike the film \\\"Heathers\\\" where the cast were actually teenagers. MTV, \\\"Us Weekly\\\" and \\\"Complex\\\" named \\\"The Perks of Being a\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456589\",\n \"text\": \"writer\\\"; he saw \\\"how readers could compare Charlie to Salinger's Holden Caulfield, but \\\"they are very different people with unique problems and perspectives\\\". More positive was Francisca Goldsmith of the \\\"School Library Journal\\\", who said the novel \\\"cleverly\\\" makes the readers the recipients of Charlie's letters, and it \\\"will engage teen readers for years to come.\\\" Common Sense Media's Kate Pavao praised its relevant themes for teenagers: \\\"Readers will find themselves quickly feeling sorry for the protagonist and worrying about him throughout his transformative journey.\\\" For \\\"The A.V. Club\\\", Marah Eakin wrote that although for an adult \\\"\\\"Perks\\\" suffers from\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9513313\",\n \"text\": \"feature films in the mid-2000s, including \\\"Fugitive Pieces\\\" and \\\"Away from Her\\\". Dobrev also headlined a number of television films, including Sci Fi Channel's \\\"Never Cry Werewolf\\\", MTV's The American Mall, and two Lifetime original movies. In 2007 she appeared in the music video of \\\"You Got That Light\\\" performed by Wade Allain-Marcus and David Baum. Dobrev subsequently left \\\"Degrassi\\\" in 2009 to star in The CW's supernatural drama series \\\"The Vampire Diaries\\\", a television adaptation of the book series of the same name, playing the lead role of Elena Gilbert. Dobrev also played a series of dopplegangers of Elena\",\n \"title\": \"Nina Dobrev\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9513311\",\n \"text\": \"drama \\\"Flatliners\\\". Born in Bulgaria, her family immigrated to Canada when she was two years old, and Dobrev grew up in Toronto. She studied sociology at Ryerson University, but left early to pursue her acting career. Dobrev currently lives in Los Angeles. Dobrev was born Nikolina Konstantinova Dobreva in Sofia, Bulgaria, and moved to Canada at the age of two, where she was raised in Toronto, Ontario, her hometown. She has an older brother, Aleksandar Dobrev. Her father, Konstantin Dobrev, is a computer specialist, and her mother, Mihaela Dobreva (née Radeva), is an artist. Dobrev attended Vradenburg Junior Public School\",\n \"title\": \"Nina Dobrev\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9513314\",\n \"text\": \"on the series, most prominently 500-year-old vampire Katherine Pierce. She crossed over to \\\"The Vampire Diaries\\\" spinoff \\\"The Originals\\\", as doppleganger character Tatia, in an episode in 2014. In April 2015, Dobrev announced via Instagram that she would be leaving \\\"The Vampire Diaries\\\" after portraying Elena for six seasons. In January 2017, it was announced that Dobrev would return as Elena and Katherine in \\\"The Vampire Diaries\\\" series finale. Dobrev had a minor role in the erotic thriller \\\"Chloe\\\", theatrically released by Sony Pictures Classics on March 26, 2010. The film had enjoyed commercial success and became director Atom Egoyan's\",\n \"title\": \"Nina Dobrev\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9513316\",\n \"text\": \"flight attendant Izzy; the film was later retitled \\\"Departures\\\", and was scheduled to go into production in April 2017. The same year, she was cast in the romantic comedy \\\"Crash Pad\\\", alongside Domhnall Gleeson and Christina Applegate, which began filming in Vancouver in fall 2015. In 2017, Dobrev co-starred as weapons specialist Becky Clearidge in the action film sequel \\\"\\\", opposite Vin Diesel and Samuel L. Jackson; the film was released January 20. Also that year, Dobrev co-starred as Marlo in the film remake \\\"Flatliners\\\", opposite Ellen Page. In March 2018, Dobrev was cast in the role of Clem in\",\n \"title\": \"Nina Dobrev\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456579\",\n \"text\": \"to realize that his sexual contact with Sam has stirred up repressed memories of him being molested by his Aunt Helen as a little boy. Charlie shows signs of PTSD from the incident and the revelation of his abuse helps the reader understand his view of relationships and love. In an epilogue, Charlie is discovered by his parents in a catatonic state and does not show any movement despite being hit reluctantly by his father. After being admitted to a mental hospital, it is revealed that Helen actually sexually abused him when he was young. As is far too often\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198907\",\n \"text\": \"indicating \\\"generally favorable reviews\\\". The lead cast also received positive notices. Ian Buckwalter of \\\"The Atlantic\\\" said \\\"The primary trio of actors delivers outstanding performances, starting with Watson, who sheds the memory of a decade playing Hermione in the \\\"Harry Potter\\\" series with an about-face as a flirtatious but insecure free spirit. Miller also plays against his most recent performance, which was as the tightly wound eponymous teenage psychopath in \\\"We Need to Talk About Kevin\\\", to deliver a giddy, scene-stealing turn as Patrick. Lerman, best known from the \\\"Percy Jackson\\\" series, shines as Charlie, a role that demands he\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9513312\",\n \"text\": \"and J. B. Tyrrell Sr. Public School, where she started ballet and jazz classes, and competed in rhythmic gymnastics. She took acting classes at Armstrong Acting Studios in Toronto. Dobrev subsequently attended the arts program at Wexford Collegiate School for the Arts in Scarborough until her graduating year. Dobrev entered post-secondary studies at Ryerson University in Toronto, majoring in Sociology, though her pursuit of an acting career prevented her from graduating. Dobrev's first major acting role was as Mia on the teen drama television series \\\"\\\", a role she played for three seasons starting in 2006. She appeared in several\",\n \"title\": \"Nina Dobrev\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456574\",\n \"text\": \"and Sam is Patrick's stepsister. Charlie quickly develops a crush on Sam and subsequently admits his feelings to her. It is revealed that Sam was sexually abused as a child, and she kisses Charlie to ensure that his first kiss is from someone who truly loves him. In parallel, Charlie witnesses his sister's boyfriend hit her across the face, but she forbids him from telling their parents. He eventually mentions the occurrence to Bill, who tells Charlie's parents about it. Charlie's relationship with his sister rapidly deteriorates and she continues to see her boyfriend against her parents' wishes. Eventually, he\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456576\",\n \"text\": \"Picture Show\\\" performance, Charlie is asked to fill in as Rocky for Sam's boyfriend Craig, who is unavailable. Their friend Mary Elizabeth is impressed and asks Charlie to the Sadie Hawkins dance and they enter into a desultory relationship. The relationship ends, however, during a game of truth or dare when Charlie is dared to kiss the prettiest girl in the room. He kisses Sam, and Mary Elizabeth storms out of the room in response. Following this, Patrick suggests that Charlie stay away from Sam for a while, and the rest of the friend group shuns him. His flashbacks of\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456578\",\n \"text\": \"Charlie understands that he is recovering from his romance with Brad. Soon Patrick sees Brad engaging with a stranger in the park and Patrick is able to move on from the relationship. As the school year ends, Charlie is anxious about losing his older friends—especially Sam, who is leaving for a summer college-preparatory program and has learned that her boyfriend cheated on her. When Charlie helps her pack, they talk about his feelings for her; she is angry that he never acted on them. They begin to engage sexually, but Charlie suddenly grows inexplicably uncomfortable and stops Sam. Charlie begins\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456575\",\n \"text\": \"discovers that his sister is pregnant and agrees to bring her to an abortion clinic without telling anyone. His sister breaks up with her boyfriend, after which her and Charlie's relationship begins to improve significantly. Charlie is accepted by Sam and Patrick's group of friends and begins experimenting with tobacco, alcohol and other drugs. At a party Charlie trips on LSD. He cannot control his flashbacks of Aunt Helen, who died in a car crash on her way to buy him a birthday gift. He ends up in the hospital after falling asleep in the snow. At a \\\"Rocky Horror\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456584\",\n \"text\": \"way to their own identity.\\\" The idea of anonymous letters came from a real experience; during his senior year in high school, Chbosky wrote an anonymous letter to Stewart Stern about how \\\"Rebel Without a Cause\\\" had influenced him. A year and a half later, Stern found Chbosky and became his mentor. By using a series of letters from Charlie to an anonymous character, Chbosky found \\\"the most intimate way\\\" to talk directly to the reader. He thought the letters would help him keep the story cohesive, \\\"to convey the highs and lows of being young—one day, you're on top\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456583\",\n \"text\": \"Charlie was loosely based on Chbosky himself. In the novel, Chbosky included much of his own memories from the time he lived in Pittsburgh. The other characters were manifestations of people Chbosky had known throughout his life; Chbosky focused on people's struggles and what they are passionate about, attempting to pin down the very nature of each of the characters. The characters of Sam and Patrick were an \\\"amalgamate and celebration\\\" of several people Chbosky has met; Sam was based on girls who confided in him, and Patrick was \\\"all the kids I knew who were gay and finding their\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10922048\",\n \"text\": \"Thomas Perks Thomas Perks (2 October 1883–15 January 1953) was an English cricketer who played one first-class match, for Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) against London County at Crystal Palace Park in August 1902. In an innings defeat for MCC, Perks claimed three stumpings and one catch, although John Whiteside (who stumped one further man) was listed as MCC's wicket-keeper on the scorecard. Perks was born in Worcester; he died in Ledbury, Herefordshire at the age of 69. His son, Reg Perks, had a far more substantial career, playing nearly 600 first-class matches including two Tests and playing for Worcestershire for\",\n \"title\": \"Thomas Perks\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198908\",\n \"text\": \"be immediately likeable while still holding onto some deep darkness that can't be fully revealed until the end.\\\" John Anderson of \\\"Newsday\\\" also praised the cast saying \\\"As Sam, the quasi-bad girl trying to reinvent herself before college, she (Emma Watson) brings honesty and a lack of cliche to a character who might have been a standard-issue student. But equally fine are her co-stars: Ezra Miller, who plays the gay character Patrick as something messy and unusual; Paul Rudd, as their English teacher, is refreshingly thoughtful. And Charlie is portrayed by Lerman as quietly observant, yearning and delicate in a\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198909\",\n \"text\": \"way that will click with audiences regardless of age\\\". Allison M. Lyzenga of \\\"My Film Habit\\\" praised the film saying \\\"This movie especially recognizes that even while high-school can be a battlefield of insecurity and bullying, you can find allies to help you through the struggle. It also shows that we all have a brighter future ahead if we let ourselves reach for it.\\\" Some critics had a less positive response to the film, with the main criticism being that the portrayal of teenage issues is idealized and the casting uninspired. \\\"The Miami Herald\\\" critic Connie Ogle notes that \\\"the\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198893\",\n \"text\": \"accepted to Pennsylvania State University, so Charlie offers to tutor her, improving her grades. At Christmas, Sam gives Charlie a vintage typewriter to thank him for his help. The two discuss relationships, and Charlie reveals he has never been kissed. Sam, though already involved with someone else, tells Charlie she wants his first kiss to be from someone who loves him, and kisses him. Charlie, in love with Sam, begins to try to find ways to show her how he feels. At a regular \\\"Rocky Horror Picture Show\\\" performance, Charlie is asked to fill in for Sam's boyfriend Craig, who\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198894\",\n \"text\": \"is not there. Their friend Mary Elizabeth (Mae Whitman) is impressed and asks Charlie to the Sadie Hawkins dance. The two enter into a unsatisfactory relationship. Finally, at a party, when Charlie is dared to kiss the prettiest girl in the room, he chooses Sam, upsetting both her and Mary Elizabeth. Patrick recommends Charlie stay away from the group for a while, and the isolation causes him to sink back into depression. He experiences flashbacks of his Aunt Helen (Melanie Lynskey), who died in a car accident when he was seven years old. Brad shows up to school with a\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198892\",\n \"text\": \"Brad (Johnny Simmons), a popular athlete, kissing. Patrick tells Charlie that Brad doesn't want anyone to know he's gay, so Charlie agrees to keep it a secret. Sam realizes that Charlie has no other friends, so she and Patrick make a special effort to bring Charlie into their group. On their way home the three hear an unknown song on the radio, Sam instructs Patrick to drive through a tunnel so she can stand up in the back of the pickup while the music blasts. Sam needs to improve her SAT scores to be have a better chance of being\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456577\",\n \"text\": \"Aunt Helen return. Patrick and Brad's relationship is discovered by Brad's abusive father, and Brad disappears from school for a few days. Upon returning, Brad is cold and mean toward Patrick, while Patrick attempts to reconnect with him. However, when Brad derogatorily attacks Patrick's sexuality in public, Patrick physically attacks Brad until other football players join in and gang up on Patrick. Charlie joins in the fight to help Patrick, and breaks it up, regaining the respect of Sam and her friends. Patrick begins spending much of his time with Charlie and Patrick kisses Charlie impulsively and then apologizes, but\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10922049\",\n \"text\": \"more than two decades. Thomas Perks Thomas Perks (2 October 1883–15 January 1953) was an English cricketer who played one first-class match, for Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) against London County at Crystal Palace Park in August 1902. In an innings defeat for MCC, Perks claimed three stumpings and one catch, although John Whiteside (who stumped one further man) was listed as MCC's wicket-keeper on the scorecard. Perks was born in Worcester; he died in Ledbury, Herefordshire at the age of 69. His son, Reg Perks, had a far more substantial career, playing nearly 600 first-class matches including two Tests and\",\n \"title\": \"Thomas Perks\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456580\",\n \"text\": \"the case with early childhood trauma, Charlie's young mind tried to protect him from his abuse, causing him to repress his traumatic memories. This psychological damage explains his flashbacks and derealization phases throughout the book. In two months Charlie is released, and Sam and Patrick visit him. In the epilogue, Sam, Patrick and Charlie go through the tunnel again and Charlie stands up and exclaims that he feels infinite. Charlie eventually comes to terms with his past: \\\"Even if we don't have the power to choose where we come from, we can still choose where we go from there\\\". Charlie\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198898\",\n \"text\": \"a screenplay after he got the rights from Chbosky; however, he never finished this screenplay. Hughes was going to use the project as a directorial comeback with more of a black comedy style. He had in mind particular actors while writing the screenplay, namely, Shia LaBeouf as Charlie, Kirsten Dunst as Sam and Patrick Fugit as Patrick. Other filmmakers who were interested in the project were Ron Howard, Richard Linklater, Josh Schwartz, McG, Joel Schumacher, Ryan Murphy and British filmmaker Danny Boyle. Mr. Mudd Productions (producers of \\\"Juno\\\") became interested in the project and wanted Chbosky to adapt the film.\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456592\",\n \"text\": \"raised issues with the novel for its \\\"pornographic\\\" content and \\\"vulgarity\\\", but others have argued that the book deals with real and common teen issues concerned with growing up, so it presents a truthful viewpoint. Issues are also raised surrounding the books themes of homosexuality, as well as a \\\"glorification\\\" of the use of drugs and alcohol. In an interview, Chbosky said that he knew of two school boards which have banned the book (in Massachusetts and on Long Island). Since he \\\"didn't write it to be a controversial book,\\\" he was \\\"surprised\\\" by the bans. Since he wrote \\\"The\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198890\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Ghost World\\\" and \\\"Juno\\\". The film premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival on September 8, 2012, followed by the United States' theatrical release on September 21, 2012, by Summit Entertainment. It received positive critical response and commercial success, earning $33.4 million to a budget of $13 million. It received several accolades, including the Independent Spirit Award for Best First Feature, two Critics' Choice Movie Awards nominations, including Best Adapted Screenplay for Chbosky, and the 2013 GLAAD Media Award for Outstanding Film – Wide Release. Set in 1992, a young high school student, Charlie (Logan Lerman), who has been\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456588\",\n \"text\": \"the novel had been published in 16 countries in 13 languages, and that same year it placed at number 16 on NPR's list of the \\\"100 Best-Ever Teen Novels\\\". Critical response was mixed; \\\"Publishers Weekly\\\" called the novel \\\"trite\\\", dealing with \\\"standard teenage issues\\\" in which \\\"Chbosky infuses a droning insistence on Charlie's supersensitive disposition.\\\" Although \\\"Kirkus Reviews\\\" said it had \\\"the right combination of realism and uplift\\\", the reviewer criticized Chbosky's \\\"rip-off\\\" of J. D. Salinger's \\\"The Catcher in the Rye\\\". Although other reviewers made similar comparisons, Chbosky said he \\\"was not trying to mimic [Salinger's] style as a\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456581\",\n \"text\": \"decides to \\\"participate\\\" in life, and his letter-writing ends. Chbosky incorporated both fictional ideas and personal experiences to the novel. After five years with these elements in mind, he had the idea of writing the novel during a difficult period in his life. He was experiencing an unpleasant breakup of his own, which led him to ask, \\\"Why good people let themselves get treated so badly?\\\" The author tried to answer the question with the sentence \\\"we accept the love we think we deserve\\\". This quoted references the struggle of finding self love, encompassing one's life and hope for the\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5456595\",\n \"text\": \"list. It premiered on September 8, 2012 at the Toronto International Film Festival, and was released theatrically in the United States by Summit Entertainment on September 21. According to Metacritic it has received \\\"generally favorable reviews\\\", with an average of 67 out of 100 based on 36 reviews. Rotten Tomatoes reported an 86% approval rate, based on 153 reviews. The film grossed over $33 million worldwide from a $13 million production budget. Even though the movie was directed and scripted by the author himself, some scenes were omitted from the film adaptation. In the book, Charlie's parents are notified by\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5498292\",\n \"text\": \"Wallflower (people) A wallflower is someone with an introverted personality type (or in more extreme cases, social anxiety) who will attend parties and social gatherings, but will usually distance themselves from the crowd and actively avoid being in the limelight. The name itself derives from eponymous plant's unusual growth pattern; against a wall as a stake or in cracks and gaps in stone walls. \\\"Wallflowers\\\" might literally stand against a wall and simply observe others at a social gathering, rather than mingle. This could be due to anxiety, shyness, lack of social skills or self-esteem. Wallflower can also be used\",\n \"title\": \"Wallflower (people)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18480975\",\n \"text\": \"the way for the early Parliamentary elections and ended the political crisis. He died of cancer on 17 April 1999 in Sofia. In 2007, Dobrev was posthumously awarded with the \\\"Justice, Freedom and Security\\\" medal (Bulgarian: медал „Правосъдие, свобода, сигурност“) by the Ministry of the Interior. A special distinction for a young politician from the BSP is also under his name. Nikolay Dobrev Nikolay Kirilov Dobrev () (19 October 1947 – 17 April 1999) was a Bulgarian politician who served as Minister of the Interior of Bulgaria between 10 May 1996 and 12 February 1997. Dobrev studied geophysics in Sofia\",\n \"title\": \"Nikolay Dobrev\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18480973\",\n \"text\": \"Nikolay Dobrev Nikolay Kirilov Dobrev () (19 October 1947 – 17 April 1999) was a Bulgarian politician who served as Minister of the Interior of Bulgaria between 10 May 1996 and 12 February 1997. Dobrev studied geophysics in Sofia and then worked as an engineer at the Laboratory for underground nuclear geophysics and geochemistry (Bulgarian: Лаборатория по подземна и ядрена геофизика и геохимия). In 1991, Dobrev was elected as a member of the National Parliament and became part of the supreme council (Bulgarian: Висшия съвет) of BSP. After Lyubomir Nachev's resignation, Dobrev succeeded him as Minister of the Interior in\",\n \"title\": \"Nikolay Dobrev\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17444003\",\n \"text\": \"was an Orthodox Christian and commonly talked about Jesus to others whether they donated or not. He was usually very thankful to those who donated. Dobrev died on 13 February 2018, at Kremikovtsi Monastery. He was 103. Dobri Dobrev Dobri Dimitrov Dobrev (, 20 July 1914 – 13 February 2018), better known as Grandpa Dobri, Elder Dobri () or The Saint of Bailovo, was a Bulgarian ascetic who walked over each day to sit or stand in front of the Cathedral of Alexander Nevsky in Sofia to collect money for charitable causes. Dobrev donated all the money he collected to\",\n \"title\": \"Dobri Dobrev\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20300846\",\n \"text\": \"virtues as coach in the ceremony. Dobrev has rejected rumours that he is leaving Ifeanyi Ubah F.C. in 2016 as he is still the technical advisor of the club. Mitko Dobrev Mitko Dobrev (Bulgarian: Митко Добрев) is a Bulgarian football manager. Mitko Dobrev attended the National Sports Academy \\\"Vasil Levski\\\" where he studied Physical Therapy and Coaching in 1977-1981. Mitko Dobrev holds an UEFA A Licence and is a part of the Bulgarian Football Union. Having managed mostly in Africa, he hopes that he will someday coach in Asia to diversify his coaching experience. Retired manager Ivan Vutsov helped Dobrev\",\n \"title\": \"Mitko Dobrev\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198897\",\n \"text\": \"up in a hospital, where psychiatrist Dr. Burton (Joan Cusack) manages to bring out Charlie's repressed memories which reveals that his aunt sexually abused him. The night Charlie is released from the hospital he is visited by Sam and Patrick. Sam explains what college life is like, and that she has found \\\"The Tunnel Song\\\" \\\"Heroes\\\" by David Bowie. The three revisit the tunnel, where Charlie kisses Sam again, and he stands up in the back of the truck. Charlie acknowledges that he feels alive and in that moment\\\"We are infinite.\\\" John Hughes read the novel and attempted to write\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198891\",\n \"text\": \"suffering from clinical depression from childhood setbacks has recently been discharged from a mental health care institution. Charlie is uneasy about beginning his freshman year of high school; he is shy and finds difficulty in making friends, but he connects with his English teacher, Mr. Anderson (Paul Rudd). Charlie meets two seniors, Sam (Emma Watson) and her stepbrother Patrick (Ezra Miller), at a football game and they invite him to a party. Charlie unknowingly eats a cannabis brownie, gets high and discloses to Sam that the year before, his best friend committed suicide. He also walks in on Patrick and\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198904\",\n \"text\": \"not in the film itself. The score was composed by Michael Brook and released September 25, 2012. The official time of the score in its entirety is 23:41 minutes long. The cover shows five people on the top of sport field bleachers looking out, with two characters having their arms up cheerfully. This is in reference to the graduation scene in the novel. The film was scheduled to be released on September 14, 2012, but it was announced in August 2012 that it would be released a week later, on September 21, 2012, in selected cities. The film continued to\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198896\",\n \"text\": \"on her. The night before she departs, she brings Charlie to her room. They confide in each other and kiss, but when Sam touches Charlie's thigh, he experiences a momentary flashback of his Aunt Helen, which he passes off as nothing, and they continue to kiss. After she leaves for college, though, his emotional state deteriorates and his flashbacks worsen. He calls his sister blaming himself for Helen's death, and admits he may have wanted it to happen. His sister realizes he is in trouble and calls the police. Charlie passes out as they burst through the door and wakes\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17444000\",\n \"text\": \"Dobri Dobrev Dobri Dimitrov Dobrev (, 20 July 1914 – 13 February 2018), better known as Grandpa Dobri, Elder Dobri () or The Saint of Bailovo, was a Bulgarian ascetic who walked over each day to sit or stand in front of the Cathedral of Alexander Nevsky in Sofia to collect money for charitable causes. Dobrev donated all the money he collected to charities, orphanages, churches, and monasteries. He turned 100 in July 2014. In Bulgarian, his name translates as \\\"good\\\" or \\\"kind\\\". Dobrev was born 20 July 1914 in the village of Bailovo. His father, Dimitar, died in World\",\n \"title\": \"Dobri Dobrev\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198895\",\n \"text\": \"black eye having been caught by his father having sex with Patrick. Brad lies, saying that he was jumped and beaten up. Brad distances himself from Patrick, calling him a \\\"faggot\\\" causing Patrick to punch him. Brad's friends begin beating Patrick, but Charlie forcefully intervenes, then blacks out. When he recovers he finds that he has bruised knuckles and Brad's friends are on the floor, incapacitated. Sam and Patrick express their gratitude to Charlie, and the three become friends again. Sam is accepted into Penn State, and breaks up with Craig on prom night after learning he has been cheating\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15805345\",\n \"text\": \"of accountancy science\\\"“ Volume I, 2004,p. 33, Docent Trifon Trifonov, cites that “according to D. Dobrev, “...\\\"categories of monetary values... separately do not accomplish evaluated movements (economic turnover), except for their being placed in one unified functional entirety... as it is necessary for these forces to be drawn from their concrete material characteristic over one common denominator of the monetary-valuation enumeration”\\\" (as cited in Dobrev, D., \\\"Science of the separate economy\\\", Printing House H.G.Danov, O.O.Society, Sofia, 1941, p. 108)”. Furthermore Docent Trifon Trifonov cites a colleague, (Yanakiev, R. 1971) who stated, “\\\"that when he makes a general historical review of\",\n \"title\": \"Dimitar Dobrev (academic)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20300843\",\n \"text\": \"Mitko Dobrev Mitko Dobrev (Bulgarian: Митко Добрев) is a Bulgarian football manager. Mitko Dobrev attended the National Sports Academy \\\"Vasil Levski\\\" where he studied Physical Therapy and Coaching in 1977-1981. Mitko Dobrev holds an UEFA A Licence and is a part of the Bulgarian Football Union. Having managed mostly in Africa, he hopes that he will someday coach in Asia to diversify his coaching experience. Retired manager Ivan Vutsov helped Dobrev when he first went to Ghana to coach Accra Hearts of Oak F.C. the team had an unbeaten record of 22 matches and went on to become Champions of\",\n \"title\": \"Mitko Dobrev\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5498300\",\n \"text\": \"rate of relationship difficulties and substance abuse. Anxiety attacks are a combination of physical and mental symptoms that are intense and overwhelming. The anxiety is, however, more than just regular nervousness. Symptoms of anxiety attacks and panic attacks mimic serious medical issues, such as: Despite their intensity, anxiety attacks are generally not life-threatening. Wallflower (people) A wallflower is someone with an introverted personality type (or in more extreme cases, social anxiety) who will attend parties and social gatherings, but will usually distance themselves from the crowd and actively avoid being in the limelight. The name itself derives from eponymous plant's\",\n \"title\": \"Wallflower (people)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16082616\",\n \"text\": \"have a nice little cliffhanger that seems to allude to a return to the insanity. In this third \\\"reality,\\\" this alternate time stream, it is beginning to feel like maybe it is an entirely new universe.\\\" Wallflower (Fringe) \\\"Wallflower\\\" is the seventh episode of the fourth season of the Fox science-fiction drama television series \\\"Fringe\\\", and the series' 72nd episode overall. \\\"Wallflower\\\" served as the shows' mid-season finale, as it is the last to air in 2011; the next installment was broadcast on January 13, 2012. The episode was co-written by Matt Pitts and Justin Doble, while being directed by\",\n \"title\": \"Wallflower (Fringe)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198902\",\n \"text\": \"Stephen Chbosky writes in the album’s liner notes. “I’ve shared them with friends. And they have shared their favourites with me. Some of the songs are popular. Some of them are not known by a whole lot of people. But they are all great in their own way. And since these songs have meant a lot to me, I just wanted you to have them as a soundtrack for whatever you need them to be for your life.” The soundtrack, with a run time of 1hr and 48mins, was released Aug 1st, 2012 by Atlantic Records. The cover of the\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15198899\",\n \"text\": \"The producersJohn Malkovich, Lianne Halfon, and Russell Smithhired Chbosky to write a screenplay adaptation (instead of Hughes) and to direct the film. Chbosky found value in half of Hughes' screenplay, so he negotiated for the rights from Hughes' heirs and added his own touches. In January 2011, Summit acquired distribution rights. The following month, Summit sought a buyer for the project at the European Film Market held simultaneously with the Berlin International Film Festival. In May 2010, actors Logan Lerman and Emma Watson were reported as in talks for the project and confirmed the following year. In April 2011, Mae\",\n \"title\": \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16082606\",\n \"text\": \"Wallflower (Fringe) \\\"Wallflower\\\" is the seventh episode of the fourth season of the Fox science-fiction drama television series \\\"Fringe\\\", and the series' 72nd episode overall. \\\"Wallflower\\\" served as the shows' mid-season finale, as it is the last to air in 2011; the next installment was broadcast on January 13, 2012. The episode was co-written by Matt Pitts and Justin Doble, while being directed by Anthony Hemingway. Olivia Dunham (Anna Torv), suffering from a late night migraine, runs across her fellow agent Lincoln Lee (Seth Gabel) at an all-night diner. Meanwhile, Peter Bishop (Joshua Jackson), having been allowed to live on\",\n \"title\": \"Wallflower (Fringe)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16775825\",\n \"text\": \"Delyan Dobrev Delyan Dobrev (born 1977 or 1978) is a Bulgarian politician. He was the Deputy Bulgarian Minister of Economy and Energy under Traycho Traykov, succeeding him as Minister in March 2012 following an energy crisis in the country which included the alleged termination of the Belene Nuclear Power Plant project and the resignation of Traykov. Currently Dobrev is a MP from Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria. According to published reports, \\\"Dobrev graduated in economics in 2002 from Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut in the United States. He specialised [sic] in accounting and finance at the London School of Economics.\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Delyan Dobrev\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16775824\",\n \"text\": \"Delyan Dobrev Delyan Dobrev (born 1977 or 1978) is a Bulgarian politician. He was the Deputy Bulgarian Minister of Economy and Energy under Traycho Traykov, succeeding him as Minister in March 2012 following an energy crisis in the country which included the alleged termination of the Belene Nuclear Power Plant project and the resignation of Traykov. Currently Dobrev is a MP from Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria. According to published reports, \\\"Dobrev graduated in economics in 2002 from Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut in the United States. He specialised [sic] in accounting and finance at the London School of Economics.\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Delyan Dobrev\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4755002\",\n \"text\": \"the first films shown on the Sundance Channel. In the late 1990s, Chbosky wrote several unproduced screenplays, including ones titled \\\"Audrey Hepburn's Neck\\\" and \\\"Schoolhouse Rock\\\". In 1994, Chbosky was working on a \\\"very different type of book\\\" than \\\"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\\\" when he wrote the line, \\\"I guess that's just one of the perks of being a wallflower.\\\" Chbosky recalled that he \\\"wrote that line. And stopped. And realized that somewhere in that [sentence] was the kid I was really trying to find.\\\" After several years of gestation, Chbosky began researching and writing \\\"The Perks of\",\n \"title\": \"Stephen Chbosky\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6202544\",\n \"text\": \"Klára Dobrev Klára Dobrev (born 2 February 1972) is the wife of former Hungarian Prime Minister Ferenc Gyurcsány. She was born in Sofia, Bulgaria to a Hungarian mother, Piroska Apró, and a Bulgarian father, Petar Dobrev. Her maternal grandfather, Antal Apró, was Hungary's Minister of Industry in the 1950s–60s. Dobrev holds a degree in economics from the Budapest University of Economics, and a Law degree from the Eötvös Loránd University of Arts and Sciences. During her years at the University of Economics she was a member of AIESEC, and at the organization's 1992 world conference she was the animator board's\",\n \"title\": \"Klára Dobrev\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17444002\",\n \"text\": \"restoration of churches and monasteries across Bulgaria. It is this new direction in life and the example he gave with his asceticism that led many to call him \\\"The Saint of Bailovo\\\". Over the course of his lifetime, Dobrev donated over 80,000 Bulgarian lev (40,000 euros) to churches, monasteries and other noble deeds. Among his biggest donations are: Dobrev married around 1940, as Bulgaria joined World War II. In one of the bombings of Sofia, a bomb fell near him and he lost almost all his hearing. Dobrev and his wife had four children, two of whom he outlived. Dobrev\",\n \"title\": \"Dobri Dobrev\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6560306\",\n \"text\": \"transit. He also works as an adjunct professor at the Environmental Studies department of the University of Toronto. Perks was the focus of province-wide attention when he disrupted Ontario Premier David Peterson's press conference launching the 1990 provincial election campaign. As Peterson announced the election and began to make a statement as to why his government should be re-elected, Perks appeared with a briefcase chained to his wrist containing a tape recorder playing a recording of environmental promises made by Peterson, in an act of criticism of the Liberal government's environmental record. Perks also heckled Peterson with a bullhorn. Greenpeace\",\n \"title\": \"Gord Perks\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6202545\",\n \"text\": \"vice president responsible for public relations. Dobrev spent her internship at MODI XEROX as a marketing assistant at Bangalore, India. She has held several government positions in the past, including Chief Cabinet to Péter Medgyessy during the 2001–02 election, and vice-president of the Office for the National Development Plan and EU Support, where she served from 2002 until her husband's nomination for prime minister in 2004, when she resigned. She is a senior lecturer at Eötvös Loránd University. Klára Dobrev Klára Dobrev (born 2 February 1972) is the wife of former Hungarian Prime Minister Ferenc Gyurcsány. She was born in\",\n \"title\": \"Klára Dobrev\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12469382\",\n \"text\": \"was announced McGregor had dropped out of his planned appearance to focus on training and the UFC; he was replaced by Michael Bisping. On January 1, 2016, Twitch Film reported that Tony Jaa, Jet Li and Deepika Padukone were cast in roles. The following week, Nina Dobrev and Ruby Rose were also cast. Dobrev would be playing a witty and sarcastic techie, while Padukone would play a huntress who happens to be Cage's former lover. Rose would play a sniper. Andrey Ivchenko was confirmed to be another villain in the film, given that earlier reports revealed Li to be playing\",\n \"title\": \"XXX: Return of Xander Cage\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4443653\",\n \"text\": \"The Wallflower (manga) Nippon Animation adapted part of the manga series into a twenty-five episode anime series which aired on TV Tokyo and TV Aichi from October 3, 2006 through March 27, 2007. The anime adaptation has been licensed for Region 1 release by A.D. Vision, who paid $500,000. In 2008, \\\"The WallFlower\\\" became one of over 30 ADV titles whose North American rights were transferred to Funimation Entertainment. \\\"The Wallflower\\\" is about a girl named Sunako who was called ugly by the first and only person to whom she confessed her love. This incident sparks a life change, and\",\n \"title\": \"The Wallflower (manga)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16958916\",\n \"text\": \"Watson – \\\"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\\\" San Diego Film Critics Society Awards 2012 The 17th San Diego Film Critics Society Awards were announced on December 11, 2012. Daniel Day-Lewis – \\\"Lincoln\\\" Michelle Williams – \\\"Take This Waltz\\\" ParaNorman \\\"Life of Pi\\\" – Claudio Miranda Ben Affleck – \\\"Argo\\\" The Invisible War \\\"Argo\\\" – William Goldenberg The Perks of Being a Wallflower Argo \\\"The Kid with a Bike (Le gamin au vélo)\\\" • Belgium / France / Italy \\\"Cloud Atlas\\\" – Hugh Bateup and Uli Hanisch \\\"The Master\\\" – Jonny Greenwood \\\"The Master\\\" – Paul Thomas Anderson \\\"Argo\\\" –\",\n \"title\": \"San Diego Film Critics Society Awards 2012\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15805344\",\n \"text\": \"Институт на заклетите експерт-счетоводители). He was awarded the medal of St.Cyril and Metodius, First Degree. After a 40-year career in academia and teaching, Professor Dobrev died in Sofia on 21 April 1961. Prof. Dobrev is mentioned by his former students (see Professor Christo Kaligorov) as ″\\\"not merely a great scientist, but an outstanding educator and a pedagogue\\\"″. Professor Kosta Pergelov spoke of his ″\\\"contribution as the founder of contemporary accountancy theory in Bulgaria, who is rightly regarded by the generations as the patriarch of accountancy in Bulgaria\\\"″. In his academic work, „\\\"Strategic accountancy analysis of value-revolutionary stage in the development\",\n \"title\": \"Dimitar Dobrev (academic)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3139907\",\n \"text\": \"stereotypes told through five intertwining storylines. Beginning in 2009, McDermott starred in the TNT drama \\\"Dark Blue\\\", playing a veteran cop who heads a squad of undercover LAPD officers. The show ran for two seasons, each consisting of ten episodes. In 2011, McDermott starred on \\\"American Horror Story\\\" on FX as Ben Harmon, a psychologist and cheating husband. He returned to as a new character due to the series' anthology format, this time portraying Johnny Morgan. In 2012, he appeared in three films: \\\"The Campaign\\\", playing Tim Wattley, a campaign manager, \\\"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\\\", as the father\",\n \"title\": \"Dylan McDermott\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19887255\",\n \"text\": \"to score a goal in Bulgarian First League, scoring at the age of 15 years and 345 days. Kristian Dobrev (footballer, born 2001) Kristian Dobrev (; born 27 April 2001) is a Bulgarian footballer who currently plays as a forward for Botev Plovdiv. Kristian started his career in the youth ranks of his hometown club Neftochimic Burgas, but moved to Botev Plovdiv's academy in May 2014. On 26 November 2016, he made his professional debut in a 1–3 home defeat against Ludogorets Razgrad, coming on as substitute for Omar Kossoko. Kris Dobrev scored his debut goal in an official game\",\n \"title\": \"Kristian Dobrev (footballer, born 2001)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19887254\",\n \"text\": \"Kristian Dobrev (footballer, born 2001) Kristian Dobrev (; born 27 April 2001) is a Bulgarian footballer who currently plays as a forward for Botev Plovdiv. Kristian started his career in the youth ranks of his hometown club Neftochimic Burgas, but moved to Botev Plovdiv's academy in May 2014. On 26 November 2016, he made his professional debut in a 1–3 home defeat against Ludogorets Razgrad, coming on as substitute for Omar Kossoko. Kris Dobrev scored his debut goal in an official game for Botev Plovdiv on 7 April 2017 during the 7-1 win over Montana. He became the youngest player\",\n \"title\": \"Kristian Dobrev (footballer, born 2001)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18480974\",\n \"text\": \"the Zhan Videnov cabinet in 1996. Dobrev played an important role during the December 1996-February 1997 political deadlock in Bulgaria. After discontent against the economic policies of the Zhan Videnov government and the resulting inflation triggered massive protests, strikes as well as acts of civil disobedience, Dobrev (who was envisioned by the BSP as the next Prime Minister following Videnov's resignation) and Georgi Parvanov reached an agreement on 4 February 1997 with then Bulgarian president Petar Stoyanov not to attempt to form a new government under the Socialists' mandate (even though they were legally entitled to do so). This paved\",\n \"title\": \"Nikolay Dobrev\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13857715\",\n \"text\": \"Perks, Illinois Perks is an unincorporated community in Pulaski County, Illinois, United States. Perks is northeast of Ullin. Perks has a post office with ZIP code 62973. Perks was originally known as Stringtown. The community has one grocery store and gas station, Caspers Store. Local attractions include the Cache River State Natural Area. Perks has fewer than 100 people, many of whom are farmers or longtime residents of the community. On July 3, 2012, the town was badly hit by a twister/tornado from two winds colliding in the Perks, Illinois area. None were injured or killed, but several houses were\",\n \"title\": \"Perks, Illinois\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1320540\",\n \"text\": \"reported to be in talks to star in a film adaptation of \\\"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\\\". Filming began in summer 2011, and the film was released in September 2012. In \\\"The Bling Ring\\\" (2013), Watson stars as Nicki. The film is based on the real-life Bling Ring robberies, with Watson playing a fictionalised version of Alexis Neiers, a television personality who was one of seven teenagers involved in the robberies. While the film mostly received mixed reviews, critics gave almost unanimous praise for Watson's portrayal. Watson also had a supporting role in the apocalyptic comedy \\\"This Is the\",\n \"title\": \"Emma Watson\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13857716\",\n \"text\": \"hit by large, falling trees, and one uninhabited house got completely hit by a falling tree. A barn was destroyed, and pieces went into a cornfield, also ruining a brand new truck. Perks, Illinois Perks is an unincorporated community in Pulaski County, Illinois, United States. Perks is northeast of Ullin. Perks has a post office with ZIP code 62973. Perks was originally known as Stringtown. The community has one grocery store and gas station, Caspers Store. Local attractions include the Cache River State Natural Area. Perks has fewer than 100 people, many of whom are farmers or longtime residents of\",\n \"title\": \"Perks, Illinois\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4594515\",\n \"text\": \"Craig Perks Craig William Perks (born 6 January 1967) is a professional golfer from New Zealand who played on the PGA Tour. Born and raised in Palmerston North, New Zealand, Perks played college golf in the United States at the University of Oklahoma in Norman and the University of Southwestern Louisiana in Lafayette, Louisiana. He turned professional in 1993 and played on the second tier Nike Tour for several seasons. He became a member of the PGA Tour after a tie for 35th in the 1999 Qualifying School earned him his tour card for the 2000 season. At age 35\",\n \"title\": \"Craig Perks\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4594517\",\n \"text\": \"named the New Zealand Sportsman of the Year for 2002. It granted a five-year exemption on tour, but was his only win in 202 starts. After making only one cut on the PGA Tour during 2006 and 2007, he announced his retirement in November 2007, and became a commentator on the Golf Channel. CUT = missed the half-way cut<br> \\\"T\\\" = tied Craig Perks Craig William Perks (born 6 January 1967) is a professional golfer from New Zealand who played on the PGA Tour. Born and raised in Palmerston North, New Zealand, Perks played college golf in the United States\",\n \"title\": \"Craig Perks\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18924863\",\n \"text\": \"Ohio household where one sister gets all the attention from the boys and the other none, there seems to be little point in remarking that there is nothing sparklingly original about either the writing or the direction in \\\"Wallflower\\\".\\\" Wallflower (film) Wallflower is a 1948 American comedy film directed by Frederick de Cordova and written by Henry Ephron and Phoebe Ephron. The film stars Robert Hutton, Joyce Reynolds, Janis Paige, Edward Arnold, Barbara Brown and Jerome Cowan. The film was released by Warner Bros. on June 13, 1948. Joy Linnett and her stepsister Jackie miss a flight home to Ohio,\",\n \"title\": \"Wallflower (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19985442\",\n \"text\": \"and Leicester Lion Cubs in the National League. Ellis Perks Ellis George Perks (born 18 March 1997) is a British speedway rider. He is the Great nephew of former rider Dave Perks and son of former referee Robbie Perks. Born in Worcester, England, Perks began riding grasstrack at the age of 6 and took up speedway aged 10 after moving to Australia with his family in 2007. He made his British speedway league debut in 2014 with Scunthorpe Scorpions' National League team, and was signed by Poole Pirates as a club asset in 2015, riding that year in the Premier\",\n \"title\": \"Ellis Perks\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19985440\",\n \"text\": \"Ellis Perks Ellis George Perks (born 18 March 1997) is a British speedway rider. He is the Great nephew of former rider Dave Perks and son of former referee Robbie Perks. Born in Worcester, England, Perks began riding grasstrack at the age of 6 and took up speedway aged 10 after moving to Australia with his family in 2007. He made his British speedway league debut in 2014 with Scunthorpe Scorpions' National League team, and was signed by Poole Pirates as a club asset in 2015, riding that year in the Premier League for Scorpions and in the National League\",\n \"title\": \"Ellis Perks\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15805341\",\n \"text\": \"Dimitar Dobrev (academic) Dimitar Dobrev () was one of Bulgaria’s leading economists and academicians. He worked in the field of accountancy as science, a theoretician, economist, lecturer, second Rector of the Free University of Political and Economic Sciences, professor at the State High School of Finance and administrative sciences (Bulgarian: Държавно Висше училище за финансови и административни науки ДВУФАН) and the Higher Economics Institute \\\"Karl Marx\\\". Professor Dobrev was born on 31 August 1888 in Kotel, Bulgaria. He studied at the Trade and Commerce College Svishtov. He graduated, completing a doctorate degree in economics at Erlangen, Germany in 1911. On\",\n \"title\": \"Dimitar Dobrev (academic)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15805348\",\n \"text\": \"the author gives a systematic review of it as an ″\\\"instrumental unit, a constructive social element of organised human purposeful activities, at the base of which lies budget activity″\\\" Dimitar Dobrev (academic) Dimitar Dobrev () was one of Bulgaria’s leading economists and academicians. He worked in the field of accountancy as science, a theoretician, economist, lecturer, second Rector of the Free University of Political and Economic Sciences, professor at the State High School of Finance and administrative sciences (Bulgarian: Държавно Висше училище за финансови и административни науки ДВУФАН) and the Higher Economics Institute \\\"Karl Marx\\\". Professor Dobrev was born on\",\n \"title\": \"Dimitar Dobrev (academic)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6895525\",\n \"text\": \"professional captain of Worcestershire, taking five wickets for 79 runs against Hampshire in his last match, in so doing raising his aggregate to 100 wickets for the sixteenth consecutive season. This feat is bettered only by Derek Shackleton and Tich Freeman. Perks played more than 500 matches for Worcestershire. He was the only man to take two thousand wickets for the county: his final total of 2,143 Worcestershire wickets (out of 2,233 in all) easily a county record, being more than 500 victims clear of second-placed Norman Gifford. His father Thomas Perks had one first-class game for Marylebone Cricket Club\",\n \"title\": \"Reg Perks\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5498295\",\n \"text\": \"community. Because the \\\"wallflower\\\" will usually exhibit a \\\"lack of\\\" interaction with others, it becomes symbolic of their thoughts and feelings towards others. The most specific example would be in the body language. Many times people who are shy have little or no eye contact with others. You may see a man, woman, or child try to avoid eye contact with others while out walking around in public or even in private. For some this may be a condition that becomes consistent over time and become a normal action. In the case of parties or social gatherings, the \\\"wallflower\\\" will\",\n \"title\": \"Wallflower (people)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12961309\",\n \"text\": \"potent tincture. It is bittersweet, dangerous, full of mad enthusiasms, wild adventures, sexual excess, and genuine tragedy. Micah Perks never loses her perfect pitch...I could not put it down and cannot forget it.\\\" Peter Coyote Micah Perks Micah Perks is an American fiction writer and memoirist. Her three books, \\\"We Are Gathered Here\\\" (St. Martin's Press 1997) , \\\"Pagan Time\\\" (Counterpoint Press 2001) , and \\\"What Becomes Us\\\" (Outpost19 Books 2016) examine the utopian impulse in U.S. history. Micah Perks grew up on a commune in the Adirondack Mountains. She later went to high school in Middlebury, Vermont, and received\",\n \"title\": \"Micah Perks\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12237993\",\n \"text\": \"Wallflower (band) Wallflower were an alternative rock band from London, England. They were active between 1994–1998, and released two EPs and a 10\\\" single. Initially heavily influenced by the likes of Faith No More, Tool and Pearl Jam, Wallflower soon acquired a considerably wider range of more progressive and eclectic influences, including Nick Drake, Robert Fripp, Tortoise, Slint and Tom Waits, and also took influence from many aspects of contemporary art and poetry. The band's later work took a somewhat more experimental turn, with many experiments with song structures, alternative instrumentation (including using AM radios, various percussion instruments, steel pans,\",\n \"title\": \"Wallflower (band)\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["candace"],"string":"[\n \"candace\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":582,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"who is larry ellison oracle?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"1472750","text":"super PAC supporting Marco Rubio's 2016 presidential bid. As of February 2016, Ellison had given $4 million overall to the PAC. Larry Ellison Lawrence Joseph Ellison (born August 17, 1944) is an American businessman, entrepreneur, and philanthropist who is co-founder, executive chairman and chief technology officer of Oracle Corporation. As of June 2018, he was listed by \"Forbes\" magazine as the fifth-wealthiest person in the United States and as the tenth-wealthiest in the world, with a fortune of $54.5 billion. Ellison was born in New York City and grew up in Chicago. He studied at the University of Illinois at","title":"Larry Ellison"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472750\",\n \"text\": \"super PAC supporting Marco Rubio's 2016 presidential bid. As of February 2016, Ellison had given $4 million overall to the PAC. Larry Ellison Lawrence Joseph Ellison (born August 17, 1944) is an American businessman, entrepreneur, and philanthropist who is co-founder, executive chairman and chief technology officer of Oracle Corporation. As of June 2018, he was listed by \\\"Forbes\\\" magazine as the fifth-wealthiest person in the United States and as the tenth-wealthiest in the world, with a fortune of $54.5 billion. Ellison was born in New York City and grew up in Chicago. He studied at the University of Illinois at\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"1472746","text":"database and issue ID cards. \"Forbes's\" 2004 list of charitable donations made by the wealthiest 400 Americans stated that Ellison had donated $151,092,103, about 1% of his estimated personal wealth. In June 2006, he announced he would not honor his earlier pledge of $115 million to Harvard University, claiming it was due to the departure of former President Lawrence Summers. Oracle spokesman Bob Wynne announced, \"It was really Larry Summers' brainchild and once it looked like Larry Summers was leaving, Larry Ellison reconsidered ... [I]t was Larry Ellison and Larry Summers that had initially come up with this notion.\" In","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"1472720","text":"1970s, he became influenced by Edgar F. Codd's research on relational database design, which led in 1977 to the formation of what became Oracle. Oracle became a successful database vendor to mid- and low-range systems, competing with Sybase and Microsoft SQL Server, which led to Ellison being listed by Forbes as one of the richest men in the world. Ellison has donated up to 1% of his wealth to charity and has signed The Giving Pledge. In addition to his work at Oracle, Ellison has had success in yachting, through Oracle Team USA. He is a licensed aircraft pilot who","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"1472736","text":"movie \"Iron Man 2\". In 2010, Ellison purchased a 50% share of the BNP Paribas Open tennis tournament. Ellison owns many exotic cars, including an Audi R8 and a McLaren F1. His favorite is the Acura NSX, which he was known to give as gifts each year during its production. Ellison is also reportedly the owner of a Lexus LFA and a Lexus LS(XF40). Following success racing Maxi yachts, Ellison founded BMW Oracle Racing to compete for the 2003 Louis Vuitton Cup. BMW Oracle Racing was the \"Challenger of Record\" on behalf of the Golden Gate Yacht Club of San","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"1472735","text":"earned $94.6 million. On September 18, 2014, Ellison appointed Mark Hurd to CEO of Oracle from his former position as President; Safra Catz was also made CEO, moving from her former role as CFO. Ellison assumed the positions of chief technology officer and executive chairman. In November 2016, Oracle bought NetSuite for $9.3 billion. Ellison owned 35% of NetSuite at the time of the purchase making him $3.5 billion personally. In June 2018, Ellison's net worth was about $54.5 billion, according to \"Forbes\". Ellison has been married and divorced four times. Ellison made a brief cameo appearance in the 2010","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"1472732","text":"open source database, which Sun had acquired in 2008. On August 9, 2010, Ellison denounced Hewlett-Packard's board for firing CEO Mark Hurd, writing that \"the HP board just made the worst personnel decision since the idiots on the Apple board fired Steve Jobs many years ago.\" (Ellison and Hurd are close personal friends.) Then on September 6, Oracle hired Mark Hurd as co-president alongside Safra Catz. Ellison remained in his current role at Oracle. In March 2010, the \"Forbes\" list of billionaires ranked Ellison as the sixth-richest person in the world and as the third-richest American, with an estimated net","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"1472745","text":"donate $100 million to his own charitable foundation without admitting wrongdoing. A California judge refused to allow Oracle to pay Ellison's legal fees of $24 million. Ellison's lawyer had argued that if Ellison were to pay the fees, that could be construed as an admission of guilt. His charitable donations to Stanford University raised questions about the independence of two Stanford professors who evaluated the case's merits for Oracle. In response to the September 11 terrorist attacks, Ellison made a controversial offer to donate software to the federal government that would enable it to build and run a national identification","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"1472739","text":"music and film mogul David Geffen. \"Rising Sun\" is long, and reportedly cost over $200million to build. He \"downsized\" to \"Musashi\", a yacht built by Feadship. On September 25, 2013, Ellison's Oracle Team USA defeated Emirates Team New Zealand to win the 34th America's Cup in San Francisco Bay, California. Oracle Team USA had been penalized two points in the final for cheating by some team members during the America's Cup World Series warm-up events. Oracle Racing lost the 2017 America's Cup to Team New Zealand. Ellison is a licensed pilot who has owned several aircraft. He was cited by","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"1472744","text":"purchase Ellison owns 98% of Lanai, Hawaii's sixth-largest island. In 1992, Ellison shattered his elbow in a high-speed bicycle crash. His search for a highly skilled orthopedic surgeon led him to Dr. Michael W. Chapman at the University of California, Davis. Impressed by his care, Ellison donated $5 million to seed the Lawrence J. Ellison Musculo-Skeletal Research Center. In 1998, the Lawrence J. Ellison Ambulatory Care Center opened on the Sacramento campus of the UC Davis Medical Center. In order to settle an insider trading lawsuit arising from Ellison's selling nearly $1 billion of Oracle stock, he was allowed to","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"2144232","text":"the next database generation, Oracle Autonomous Database. Larry Ellison and his two friends and former co-workers, Bob Miner and Ed Oates, started a consultancy called Software Development Laboratories (SDL) in 1977. SDL developed the original version of the Oracle software. The name \"Oracle\" comes from the code-name of a CIA-funded project Ellison had worked on while formerly employed by Ampex. Oracle products follow a custom release-numbering and -naming convention. The \"c\" in the current release, Oracle Database 18c, stands for \"Cloud\". Previous releases (e.g. Oracle Database 10g and Oracle9i Database) have used suffixes of \"g\" and \"i\" which stand for","title":"Oracle Database"},{"psg_id":"11604412","text":"Ellison Medical Foundation The Ellison Medical Foundation, a 501(c)(3) Private Nonoperating Foundation, was founded in 1997 and is located in Bethesda, Maryland. The foundation supported research in the following discipline areas: biomedical research on aging, age-related diseases and disabilities. Its major philanthropic support came from Oracle CEO Larry Ellison. As of 2007, the Foundation owned 1.3 million shares of Oracle Corporation. The foundation is classified as NTEE T99—Other Philanthropy, Voluntarism, and Grantmaking Foundations N.E.C. Since 1998 the Ellison Medical Foundation has spent hundreds of millions of dollars funding fundamental research on the biology of ageing. $40 million per year was","title":"Ellison Medical Foundation"},{"psg_id":"1472724","text":"he moved to Northern California. During the 1970s, after a brief stint at Amdahl Corporation, Ellison began working for Ampex Corporation. His projects included a database for the CIA, which he named \"Oracle\". Ellison was inspired by a paper written by Edgar F. Codd on relational database systems called \"A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks\". In 1977, he founded Software Development Laboratories (SDL) with two partners and an investment of $2,000; $1,200 of the money was his. In 1979, the company renamed itself Relational Software Inc., and in 1982, officially became Oracle Systems Corporation after its","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"1472725","text":"flagship product, the Oracle Database. Ellison had heard about the IBM System R database, also based on Codd's theories, and wanted Oracle to achieve compatibility with it, but IBM made this impossible by refusing to share System R's code. The initial release of Oracle in 1979 was called Oracle 2; there was no Oracle 1. In 1990, Oracle laid off 10% of its workforce (about 400 people) because it was losing money. This crisis, which almost resulted in the company's bankruptcy, came about because of Oracle's \"up-front\" marketing strategy, in which sales people urged potential customers to buy the largest","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"1472721","text":"owns two military jets. Larry Ellison was born in New York City, to an unwed Jewish mother. His biological father was an Italian American United States Army Air Corps pilot. After Ellison contracted pneumonia at the age of nine months, his mother gave him to her aunt and uncle for adoption. He did not meet his biological mother again until he was 48. Ellison moved to Chicago's South Shore, then a middle-class neighborhood. He remembers his adoptive mother as warm and loving, in contrast to his austere, unsupportive, and often distant adoptive father, who adopted the name Ellison to honor","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"9028570","text":"David Ellison David Ellison (born January 9, 1983) is an American film producer and the founder and CEO of Skydance Media. David Ellison was born in Santa Clara County, California. He is the son of billionaire Oracle Corporation CTO Larry Ellison, and his ex-wife, Barbara Boothe Ellison. His father is of Italian and Jewish heritage. He has one sister, film producer Megan Ellison. He dropped out of the University of Southern California in 2005. Ellison is the CEO and founder of Skydance Media. In 2010, Skydance raised $350 million to co-finance and co-produce movies with Paramount. He produced the reboot","title":"David Ellison"},{"psg_id":"9028572","text":"Sean D. Tucker's \"Stars of Tomorrow\" aerobatic team at EAA AirVenture Oshkosh. He married Sandra Lynn Modic, an actress and singer, on October 1, 2011 in Palm Springs, California. David Ellison David Ellison (born January 9, 1983) is an American film producer and the founder and CEO of Skydance Media. David Ellison was born in Santa Clara County, California. He is the son of billionaire Oracle Corporation CTO Larry Ellison, and his ex-wife, Barbara Boothe Ellison. His father is of Italian and Jewish heritage. He has one sister, film producer Megan Ellison. He dropped out of the University of Southern","title":"David Ellison"},{"psg_id":"16451734","text":"Megan Ellison Margaret Elizabeth \"Megan\" Ellison (born January 31, 1986) is an American film producer and founder of Annapurna Pictures, established in 2011. She is best known for producing the films \"Zero Dark Thirty\" (2012), \"Her\" (2013), \"American Hustle\" (2013), and \"Phantom Thread\" (2017), all of which have earned her Oscar nominations. In 2014, she was included in the annual \"Time\" 100 list of the most influential people in the world. Megan Ellison was born in Santa Clara County, California, the daughter of billionaire Oracle Corporation chairman Larry Ellison and his ex-wife, Barbara Boothe Ellison. Her father is of Jewish","title":"Megan Ellison"},{"psg_id":"2144231","text":"Oracle Database Oracle Database (commonly referred to as Oracle RDBMS or simply as Oracle) is a multi-model database management system produced and marketed by Oracle Corporation. It is a database commonly used for running online transaction processing (OLTP), data warehousing (DW) and mixed (OLTP & DW) database workloads. The latest generation, Oracle Database 18c, is available on-prem, on-Cloud, or in a hybrid-Cloud environment. 18c may also be deployed on Oracle Engineered Systems (e.g. Exadata) on-prem, on Oracle (public) Cloud or (private) Cloud at Customer. At Openworld 2017 in San Francisco, Executive Chairman of the Board and CTO, Larry Ellison announced","title":"Oracle Database"},{"psg_id":"298882","text":"OpenSolaris operating system project and community. With Oracle planning to develop Solaris only in a closed source fashion, OpenSolaris developers moved to the Illumos and OpenIndiana project, among others. As Oracle completed their acquisition of Sun Microsystems in February 2010, they announced that OpenSSO would no longer be their strategic product. Shortly after, OpenSSO was forked to OpenAM. and will continue to be developed and supported by ForgeRock. On September 6, 2010, Oracle announced that former Hewlett-Packard CEO Mark Hurd was to replace Charles Phillips, who resigned as Oracle Co-President. In an official statement made by Larry Ellison, Phillips had","title":"Oracle Corporation"},{"psg_id":"1961682","text":"Oracle Team USA Oracle Team USA is an American yacht racing syndicate initially formed to compete for the 2003 America's Cup. They competed again in the 2007 event before winning the 33rd America's Cup regatta in 2010 – representing the Golden Gate Yacht Club. The team also won the 34th America's Cup in 2013. The syndicate was initially named \"Oracle\" for the 2003 campaign and backed primarily by Larry Ellison, the co-founder and CEO of Oracle Corporation, but was renamed in August 2004 to \"Oracle BMW Racing\" to reflect the German company's role, and subsequently revised again to \"BMW Oracle","title":"Oracle Team USA"},{"psg_id":"298849","text":"Oracle Corporation Oracle Corporation is an American multinational computer technology corporation headquartered in Redwood Shores, California. The company specializes primarily in developing and marketing database software and technology, cloud engineered systems, and enterprise software products — particularly its own brands of database management systems. In 2018, Oracle was the third-largest software maker by revenue, after Microsoft and Alphabet. The company also develops and builds tools for database development and systems of middle-tier software, enterprise resource planning (ERP) software, customer relationship management (CRM) software, and supply chain management (SCM) software. Larry Ellison co-founded Oracle Corporation in 1977 with Bob Miner and","title":"Oracle Corporation"},{"psg_id":"1472737","text":"Francisco for the 2007 America's Cup in Valencia, Spain, until eliminated from the 2007 Louis Vuitton Cup challenger-selection series in the semi-finals. On February 14, 2010, Ellison's yacht \"USA 17\" won the second race (in the best of three \"deed of gift\" series) of the 33rd America's Cup, after winning the first race two days earlier. Securing a historic victory, Ellison and his BMW Oracle team became the first challengers to win a \"deed of gift\" match. The Cup returned to American shores for the first time since 1995. Ellison served as a crew member in the second race. Previously,","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"1472731","text":"Sun Microsystems. On July 2, 2009, for the fourth year in a row, Oracle's board awarded Ellison another 7 million stock options. On August 22, 2009, it was reported that Ellison would be paid only $1 for his base salary for the fiscal year of 2010, down from the $1,000,000 he was paid in fiscal 2009. The European Union approved Oracle's acquisition of Sun Microsystems on January 21, 2010, and agreed that Oracle's acquisition of Sun \"has the potential to revitalize important assets and create new and innovative products\". The Sun acquisition also gave Oracle control of the popular MySQL","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"2144233","text":"\"Grid\" and \"Internet\" respectively. Prior to the release of Oracle8i Database, no suffixes featured in Oracle Database naming conventions. Note that there was no v1 of Oracle Database, as Larry Ellison, \"knew no one would want to buy version 1\". Oracle's RDBMS release numbering has used the following codes: The Oracle Database Administrators Guide includes a brief history on some of the key innovations introduced with each major release of Oracle Database. Oracle Corporation releases Critical Patch Updates (CPUs) or Security Patch Updates (SPUs) and Security Alerts to close security holes that could be used for data theft. Critical Patch","title":"Oracle Database"},{"psg_id":"1472729","text":"currently allow me to attend enough of the formal board meetings to warrant a role as a director\". With the defeat of Informix and of Sybase, Oracle enjoyed years of industry dominance until the rise of Microsoft SQL Server in the late 1990s and IBM's acquisition of Informix Software in 2001 to complement their DB2 database. Oracle's main competition for new database licenses on UNIX, Linux, and Windows operating systems comes from IBM's DB2 and from Microsoft SQL Server, which only runs on Windows. IBM's DB2 still dominates the mainframe database market. In 2005, Oracle Corporation paid Ellison a $975,000","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"1472726","text":"possible amount of software all at once. The sales people then booked the value of future license sales in the current quarter, thereby increasing their bonuses. This became a problem when the future sales subsequently failed to materialize. Oracle eventually had to restate its earnings twice, and had to settle class-action lawsuits arising from its having overstated its earnings. Ellison would later say that Oracle had made \"an incredible business mistake\". Although IBM dominated the mainframe relational database market with its DB2 and SQL/DS database products, it delayed entering the market for a relational database on Unix and Windows operating","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"20290460","text":"modules that make up the Oracle ERP Cloud suite. In March 2017, Oracle ERP Cloud received HIPAA certification. The software suite is designed to support international enterprise functions and includes multi-GAAP, multi-currency, multi-language, and multi-subsidiary capabilities. Oracle ERP Cloud was based originally on Oracle Fusion Applications, Oracle’s enterprise resource planning software suite developed for Oracle Fusion Architecture and Oracle Fusion Middleware released in 2011. In June 2012, Oracle CTO and chairman of the board Larry Ellison announced the Oracle ERP Cloud application suite as a part of Oracle Cloud, the company’s broad set of cloud-based applications. Oracle announced preview availability","title":"Oracle Enterprise Resource Planning Cloud"},{"psg_id":"9030461","text":"with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel R2 on UCS systems. The UCS systems rank fourth and eighth on the top TPC-C non-clustered list. In December 2010, Oracle CEO Larry Ellison, in response to a question on Oracle's Linux strategy, said that at some point in the future Oracle Linux would run on Oracle's SPARC platforms. At Oracle OpenWorld 2014 John Fowler, Oracle's Executive Vice President for Systems, also said that Linux will be able to run on SPARC at some point. In October 2015, Oracle released a Linux reference platform for SPARC systems based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6. In","title":"Oracle Linux"},{"psg_id":"1961684","text":"skipper position, alternating between Cayard and Chris Dickson, to Dickson alone, to Peter Holmberg, and then back to Dickson. Oracle reached the finals of the 2003 Louis Vuitton Cup, losing to Alinghi 5–1. BMW Oracle Racing through the GGYC was the Challenger-of-Record for the 2007 America’s Cup which was held in Valencia, Spain. BMW Oracle Racing, lost to Luna Rossa Challenge 5 to 1 in the 2007 Louis Vuitton Cup Semi Finals. Larry Ellison hired Russell Coutts to be the CEO of the 33rd America's Cup campaign. In July 2007, the Golden Gate Yacht Club, sponsoring BMW Oracle Racing, filed","title":"Oracle Team USA"},{"psg_id":"1472727","text":"systems. This left the door open for Sybase, Oracle, Informix, and eventually Microsoft to dominate mid-range systems and microcomputers. Around this time, Oracle fell behind Sybase. From 1990 to 1993, Sybase was the fastest-growing database company and the database industry's darling vendor, but soon fell victim to merger mania. Sybase's 1996 merger with Powersoft resulted in a loss of focus on its core database technology. In 1993, Sybase sold the rights to its database software running under the Windows operating system to Microsoft Corporation, which now markets it under the name \"SQL Server\". In his early years at Oracle, Larry","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"1472741","text":"Jeremy Fogel ruled in Ellison's favor in June 2001, calling for a waiver for Ellison's jet, but did not invalidate the curfew. Ellison also owns at least two military jets: a SIAI-Marchetti S.211, a training aircraft designed in Italy, and a decommissioned MiG-29, which the US government has refused him permission to import. In 2009, Larry purchased the Indian Wells Tennis Garden tennis facility in California's Coachella Valley and the Indian Wells Masters tournament, both of which he still owns. Ellison styled his estimated $110 million Woodside, California, estate after feudal Japanese architecture, complete with a man-made lake and an","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"1961687","text":"of the Match in which they would otherwise score a point. Oracle Team USA's Larry Ellison declared that the 34th America's Cup would be sailed on AC72 class wing-sail catamarans. Oracle Team USA experienced the first major accident involving the new AC72 class, when the boat capsized during training off San Francisco on October 16, 2012. Oracle Team USA successfully defended the trophy and won the 2013 America's Cup on September 25, 2013. They accomplished this achievement by coming back from 7 points down and one point away from defeat in the series, and completing the largest in-series comeback in","title":"Oracle Team USA"},{"psg_id":"298869","text":"to dig through the trash of organizations involved in an antitrust trial involving Microsoft. The Chairman of Oracle Corporation, Larry Ellison, staunchly defended his company's hiring of an East Coast detective agency to investigate groups that supported rival Microsoft Corporation during its antitrust trial, calling the snooping a \"public service\". The investigation reportedly included a $1,200 offer to janitors at the Association for Competitive Technology to look through Microsoft's trash. When asked how he would feel if others were looking into Oracle's business activities, Ellison said: \"We will ship our garbage to Redmond, and they can go through it. We","title":"Oracle Corporation"},{"psg_id":"1472730","text":"salary, a $6,500,000 bonus, and other compensation of $955,100. In 2007, Ellison earned a total compensation of $61,180,524, which included a base salary of $1,000,000, a cash bonus of $8,369,000, and options granted of $50,087,100. In 2008, he earned a total compensation of $84,598,700, which included a base salary of $1,000,000, a cash bonus of $10,779,000, no stock grants, and options granted of $71,372,700. In the year ending May 31, 2009, he made $56.8 million. In 2006, \"Forbes\" ranked him as the richest Californian. In April 2009, after a tug-of-war with IBM and Hewlett-Packard, Oracle announced its intent to buy","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"19221378","text":"In re Oracle Corp. Derivative Litigation In re Oracle Corp. Derivative Litigation, 824 A.2d 917 (Del. Ch. 2003) is a US corporate law case, concerning the derivative suits in Delaware. A group of shareholders in the Oracle Corporation sought to bring a derivative suit on allegations of insider trading against the corporation's directors, mainly the CEO Larry Ellison, Donald Lucas, and Michael Boskin. The shareholders made a demand on the board to litigate, and this was rejected by the Special Litigation Committee (SLC). Hector Garcia-Molina and Joseph Grundfest, both Stanford professors and members of the board, were appointed to the","title":"In re Oracle Corp. Derivative Litigation"},{"psg_id":"1472749","text":"that charitable giving is a personal and private matter.\" In May 2016, Ellison donated $200 million to University of Southern California for establishing a cancer research center: Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine of USC. Ellison was critical of NSA whistle-blower Edward Snowden, saying that \"Snowden had yet to identify a single person who had been 'wrongly injured' by the NSA's data collection\". He has donated to both Democratic and Republican politicians, and in late 2014 hosted Republican Senator Rand Paul at a fundraiser at his home. Ellison is one of the top donors to Conservative Solutions PAC, a","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"1472722","text":"his point of entry into the United States, Ellis Island. Louis Ellison was a government employee who had made a small fortune in Chicago real estate, only to lose it during the Great Depression. Although Ellison was raised in a Reform Jewish home by his adoptive parents, who attended synagogue regularly, he remained a religious skeptic. Ellison states: \"While I think I am religious in one sense, the particular dogmas of Judaism are not dogmas I subscribe to. I don't believe that they are real. They're interesting stories. They're interesting mythology, and I certainly respect people who believe these are","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"298883","text":"previously expressed his desire to transition out of the company. Ellison had asked Phillips to stay on through the integration of Sun Microsystems Inc. In a separate statement regarding the transition, Ellison said \"Mark did a brilliant job at HP and I expect he'll do even better at Oracle. There is no executive in the IT world with more relevant experience than Mark.\" On September 7, 2010, HP announced a civil lawsuit against Mark Hurd \"to protect HP's trade secrets\", in response to Oracle hiring Hurd. On September 20, Oracle and HP published a joint press release announcing the resolution","title":"Oracle Corporation"},{"psg_id":"16559437","text":"(and other) planets.\" During the trial, Schwartz said that at that time of Android's release, despite knowing Google may have bypassed their licensing requirements, \"we decided to grit our teeth and support it so anyone supporting it would see us as part of the value chain\". Oracle announced it would purchase Sun in April 2009 for , and completed the acquisition in January 2010. Besides allowing them to enter the hardware business, Oracle's CEO Larry Ellison called the acquisition of the Java language \"the single most important software asset we have ever acquired\". Oracle continued to develop Java and pursue","title":"Oracle America, Inc. v. Google, Inc."},{"psg_id":"11391299","text":"Goldberg joined Oracle immediately after graduating from Harvard College in 1987, and held a variety of positions in R&D. Nelson joined Oracle in 1992 as Vice President of Marketing, ultimately working directly for Larry Ellison. In 1998 Evan Goldberg received approximately $125 million USD in initial financial backing from Larry Ellison, founder and chief executive officer of Oracle Corporation through Ellison's venture capital entity Tako Ventures. Other initial investors were StarVest Partners ADP and UBS PaineWebber. The NetSuite software also relies on database software licensed from Oracle. Ellison and family members owned approximately 47.4% of NetSuite's common stock as of","title":"NetSuite"},{"psg_id":"1472748","text":"will support the construction of well-being facilities on a new campus for co-ed conscripts. In August 2010, it was reported that Ellison is one of the 40 billionaires who have signed \"The Giving Pledge\". Ellison wrote: \"Many years ago, I put virtually all of my assets into a trust with the intent of giving away at least 95 percent of my wealth to charitable causes. I have already given hundreds of millions of dollars to medical research and education, and I will give billions more over time. Until now, I have done this giving quietly because I have long believed","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"11331127","text":"Oracle Corporation founder Larry Ellison. Ellison, who was in Newport during the summer of 2009 for training with his BMW/Oracle Racing, is linked to a deed filed at City Hall that documents the $10.5 million sale of the 39-room estate. As of 2012, Ellison plans to convert the mansion's first floor into Beechwood Art Museum, displaying his collection of 18th and 19th century art. As of 2018, Ellison has not completed his renovations and it appears work has stopped on the mansion. Beechwood (Astor mansion) Beechwood is a Gilded Age estate located on Bellevue Avenue in Newport, Rhode Island. Built","title":"Beechwood (Astor mansion)"},{"psg_id":"20688550","text":"syndicate CEO of Oracle Team USA, the winning team in the 33rd America's Cup (AC33), and chairman and founder of Oracle Corporation, the title sponsor of the winning syndicate. David Ellison collaborated with Julian Guthrie on the film. Guthrie wrote the nonfiction book \"The Billionaire and the Mechanic\" about the history of Oracle Team USA. The DVD and advertising campaign were produced by Bean Labs, in conjunction with Mt. Philo Films. The film profiles Larry Ellison, Russell Coutts, and Ernesto Bertarelli. Coutts is the skipper for Oracle Team USA who was hired away from Bertarelli's Switzerland's Team Alinghi. Bertarelli is","title":"The Wind Gods (film)"},{"psg_id":"1472734","text":"October 2012, he was listed just behind David Hamilton Koch as the eighth richest person in the world, according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index. Ellison owns stakes in Salesforce.com, NetSuite, Quark Biotechnology Inc. and Astex Pharmaceuticals. In June 2012, Ellison agreed to buy 98 percent of the Hawaiian island of Lana'i from David Murdock's company, Castle & Cooke. The price was reported to be between $500 million and $600 million. In 2005, Ellison agreed to settle a four-year-old insider-trading lawsuit by offering to pay $100 million to charity in Oracle's name. In 2013, according to the \"Wall Street Journal\", Ellison","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"1472747","text":"2007, Ellison pledged $500,000 to fortify a community centre in Sderot, Israel, after discovering that the building was not fortified against rocket attacks. Other charitable donations by Ellison include a $10 million donation to the Friends of the Israel Defense Forces in 2014, about which he said: \"In my mind, there is no greater honor than supporting some of the bravest people in the world ... These men and women come together with indefatigable purpose, to defend Israel and strive to co-exist in peace.\" In 2017, Ellison donated $16.6 million to the Friends of the Israel Defense Forces. His donation","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"1472723","text":"literally true, but I don't. I see no evidence for this stuff.\" At age thirteen, Ellison refused to have a bar mitzvah celebration. Ellison says that his love affair with Israel is not connected to religious sentiments, but rather due to the innovative spirit of Israelis in the technology sector. Ellison left the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign after his second year, not taking his final exams, because his adoptive mother had just died. After spending a summer in Northern California, he attended the University of Chicago for one term, where he first encountered computer design. In 1966, aged 22,","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"298859","text":"largest possible amount of software all at once. The sales people then booked the value of future license sales in the current quarter, thereby increasing their bonuses. This became a problem when the future sales subsequently failed to materialize. Oracle eventually had to restate its earnings twice, and also settled (out of court) class-action lawsuits arising from its having overstated its earnings. Ellison stated in 1992 that Oracle had made \"an incredible business mistake.\" In 1994, Informix overtook Sybase and became Oracle's most important rival. The intense war between Informix CEO Phil White and Ellison made front-page news in Silicon","title":"Oracle Corporation"},{"psg_id":"20689765","text":"The Billionaire and the Mechanic The Billionaire and the Mechanic is a bestselling non-fiction book by Julian Guthrie about Oracle Team USA's quest to win the America's Cup, the oldest trophy in sport. The billionaire in question is Larry Ellison, founder and chairman of Oracle Corporation, and the car mechanic in question is Norbert Bajurin, the Commodore of the Golden Gate Yacht Club. The book covers the quest of Larry Ellison to win the America's Cup yachting trophy, his establishment of Oracle Team USA under the banner of the Golden Gate Yacht Club, and his various Cup campaigns, at the","title":"The Billionaire and the Mechanic"},{"psg_id":"19221380","text":"E. Strine Jr. wrote the opinion of the court. The Delaware Court held that the derivative claim, based on insider trading, against Oracle Corp CEO Larry Ellison could proceed. The director had personal ties, and so a decision by the board to reject the claim could not be conclusive. The decision set a high required standard for SLC independence. The question of independence, \"turns on whether a director is, \"for any substantial reason,\" incapable of making a decision with only the best interests of the corporation in mind.\"3 That is, the independence test ultimately \"focus[es] on impartiality and objectivity.\"4 In","title":"In re Oracle Corp. Derivative Litigation"},{"psg_id":"298860","text":"Valley for three years. Informix claimed that Oracle had hired away Informix engineers to disclose important trade secrets about an upcoming product. Informix finally dropped its lawsuit against Oracle in 1997. In November 2005, a book detailing the war between Oracle and Informix was published, titled \"The Real Story of Informix Software and Phil White\". It gave a detailed chronology of the battle of Informix against Oracle, and how Informix Software's CEO Phil White landed in jail because of his obsession with overtaking Ellison. Once it had overcome Informix and Sybase, Oracle Corporation enjoyed years of dominance in the database","title":"Oracle Corporation"},{"psg_id":"1472733","text":"worth of US $28 billion. On July 27, 2010, \"The Wall Street Journal\" reported that Ellison was the best-paid executive in the last decade, collecting a total compensation of US $1.84 billion. In September 2011, Ellison was listed on the \"Forbes\" list of billionaires as the fifth richest man in the world and was still the third richest American, with a net worth of about $36.5 billion. In September 2012, Ellison was again listed on the \"Forbes\" list of billionaires as the third richest American citizen, behind Bill Gates and Warren Buffett, with a net worth of $44 billion. In","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"10057672","text":"Willie Ellison William Henry Ellison (born November 1, 1945) is a former American football running back who played eight seasons in the National Football League for the Los Angeles Rams and the Kansas City Chiefs. Sporting #33, he spent his first four seasons in the NFL as backup behind Larry Smith, before taking over as starting tailback in 1971. On December 5, 1971 against the New Orleans Saints he rushed 26 times for 247 yards thus breaking Cookie Gilchrist's pro football record of 243 yards. The NFL record at the time was held by Jim Brown, who ran 237 against","title":"Willie Ellison"},{"psg_id":"7737649","text":"Ed Oates Edward A. \"Ed\" Oates (born 1946) is an American businessman. He co-founded Software Development Labs in August 1977 with Larry Ellison, and Bob Miner. Software Development Labs later became Oracle Corporation. Ed Oates graduated with a BA in mathematics from San Jose State University in 1968, and worked at Singer, the US Army Personnel Information Systems Command (PERSINSCOM) (drafted), Ampex, and Memorex before co-founding Oracle. After retiring from Oracle in 1996 Oates purchased a high-end home theater store, Audible Difference. Oates' clients included his ex-partner Larry Ellison and Steve Jobs. In 1999 he sold Audible Difference. Oates volunteers","title":"Ed Oates"},{"psg_id":"5759406","text":"E. F. Codd on the relational model for database management. IBM was slow to see the commercial value of Codd's relational database management system (RDBMS), allowing Miner and Ellison to beat them to the market. In the start-up days of Oracle Bob Miner was the lead engineer, programming the majority of Oracle Version 3 by himself. As head of engineering Bob Miner's management style was in stark contrast to Larry Ellison, who cultivated Oracle's hard-driving sales culture. Although he expected his engineers to produce, he did not agree with the demands laid upon them by Ellison. He thought it was","title":"Bob Miner"},{"psg_id":"19221382","text":"and Stanford are so substantial that they cause reasonable doubt about the SLC's ability to impartially consider whether the Trading Defendants should face suit. The case was subsequently settled. Ellison agreed to pay $100 million to charity to resolve the lawsuit. This provision allowed for one of the largest payments made to resolve a derivative shareholder suit and the first to settlement payment to go solely to charity. Some criticize the settlement as being to easy on Ellison and not providing damages to Oracle and its shareholders. In re Oracle Corp. Derivative Litigation In re Oracle Corp. Derivative Litigation, 824","title":"In re Oracle Corp. Derivative Litigation"},{"psg_id":"16919101","text":"The rapid turnaround in the mid-90s, fueled by a new database technology, Oracle 7, and by Lane's organization of sales and services at the company, led to the rise of Oracle's business applications division. Apple founder Steve Jobs recalled that \"Larry told me that 15 minutes into the meeting, he knew Ray was the only guy he had met who was near smart enough to run Oracle.\" In 1996, Lane was named the president and chief operating officer of Oracle. Under his leadership, along with Larry Ellison and Jeff Henley, Oracle expanded from 7,500 to 40,000 employees, defeating its main","title":"Raymond J. Lane"},{"psg_id":"7634193","text":"December 7, 2017, effective on February 1, 2018. Catz is married to Gal Tirosh and has two sons, Scott and Gary. Safra Catz Safra A. Catz (Hebrew: צפרא כץ, born December 1, 1961) is an Israeli-born American business executive. She has been an executive at Oracle Corporation since April 1999, and a board member since 2001. In April 2011 she was named co-president and chief financial officer, reporting to founder/CTO Larry Ellison. On September 18, 2014 Oracle announced that Larry Ellison will step down as CEO and that Mark Hurd and Safra Catz have been named as the new CEOs.","title":"Safra Catz"},{"psg_id":"7634188","text":"Safra Catz Safra A. Catz (Hebrew: צפרא כץ, born December 1, 1961) is an Israeli-born American business executive. She has been an executive at Oracle Corporation since April 1999, and a board member since 2001. In April 2011 she was named co-president and chief financial officer, reporting to founder/CTO Larry Ellison. On September 18, 2014 Oracle announced that Larry Ellison will step down as CEO and that Mark Hurd and Safra Catz have been named as the new CEOs. Catz was born in Holon, Israel, to Jewish parents. Her father was an immigrant from Romania. She moved from Israel to","title":"Safra Catz"},{"psg_id":"1472743","text":"formerly the summer home of the Astor family – in Newport, Rhode Island, for $10.5 million. In 2011 he purchased the 249-acre Porcupine Creek Estate and private golf course in Rancho Mirage, California, for $42.9 million. The property was formerly the home of Yellowstone Club founders Edra and Tim Blixseth, and was sold to Ellison by creditors following their divorce and bankruptcy. On June 21, 2012, the governor of Hawaii, Neil Abercrombie, declared that Ellison had signed an agreement to buy most of the island of Lanai from the Castle & Cooke company, owned by David H. Murdock. Following the","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"1472742","text":"extensive seismic retrofit. In 2004 and 2005 he purchased more than 12 properties in Malibu, California, worth more than $180 million. The $65 million Ellison spent on five contiguous lots at Malibu's Carbon Beach made this the most costly residential transaction in United States history until Ron Perelman sold his Palm Beach, Florida compound for $70 million later that same year. His entertainment system cost $1 million, and includes a rock concert-sized video projector at one end of a drained swimming pool, using the gaping hole as a giant subwoofer. In early 2010, Ellison purchased the Astor's Beechwood Mansion –","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"1472738","text":"Ellison had filed several legal challenges, through the Golden Gate Yacht Club, against the way that Ernesto Bertarelli (also one of the world's richest men) proposed to organize the 33rd America's Cup following the 2007 victory of Bertarelli's team Alinghi. The races were finally held in February 2010 in Valencia. In 2002, Ellison's Oracle's team introduced kite yachting into the American Cup environment. The kite traction flying lasted about 30 minutes in New Zealand. In 2010, Ellison ended his ownership of the eighth largest yacht in the world, named \"Rising Sun\". He sold his remaining shares in the yacht to","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"4818871","text":"September 6, 2010, Hurd was named president of Oracle Corporation alongside Safra A. Catz, succeeding former president Charles Phillips. Hurd was also appointed a member of the Oracle Corporation board of directors. Hurd and Catz were appointed by then-CEO Larry Ellison. Ellison hired Hurd based on his success and experience at Hewlett Packard: “Mark did a brilliant job at HP and I expect he’ll do even better at Oracle. There is no executive in the IT world with more relevant experience than Mark. Oracle’s future is engineering complete and integrated hardware and software systems for the enterprise. Mark pioneered the","title":"Mark Hurd"},{"psg_id":"672300","text":"an interview with Larry Ellison in October 1995, Acorn Online Media Managing Director Malcolm Bird realised that Ellison's network computer was, basically, an Acorn set-top box. After initial discussions between Oracle Corporation and Olivetti, Hauser and Acorn a few weeks later, Bird was dispatched to San Francisco with Acorn's latest Set Top Box. Oracle had already talked seriously with computer manufacturers including Sun and Apple about the contract for putting together the NC blueprint machine; there were also rumours in the industry that said Oracle itself was working on the reference design. After Bird's visit to Oracle, Ellison visited Acorn","title":"Acorn Computers"},{"psg_id":"298889","text":"Cyberdyne Systems in the movie \"Terminator Genisys\" (2015). Oracle Corporation operates in multiple markets and has acquired several companies which formerly functioned autonomously. In some cases these provided the starting points for global business units (GBUs) targeting particular vertical markets. Oracle Corporation GBUs include: On October 20, 2006, the Golden State Warriors and the Oracle Corporation announced a 10-year agreement in which the Oakland Arena would become known as the Oracle Arena. Larry Ellison's sailing team competes as Oracle Team USA. The team has won the America's Cup twice, in 2010 (as BMW Oracle Racing) and in 2013. Sean Tucker's","title":"Oracle Corporation"},{"psg_id":"298850","text":"Ed Oates under the name Software Development Laboratories (SDL). Ellison took inspiration from the 1970 paper written by Edgar F. Codd on relational database management systems (RDBMS) named \"A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks.\" He heard about the IBM System R database from an article in the \"IBM Research Journal\" provided by Oates. Ellison wanted to make Oracle's product compatible with System R, but failed to do so as IBM kept the error codes for their DBMS a secret. SDL changed its name to Relational Software, Inc (RSI) in 1979, then again to Oracle Systems Corporation","title":"Oracle Corporation"},{"psg_id":"12981186","text":"$20 billion. This allowed the company to expand into services of networking equipment and smartphones. Shares of HP dropped by 8.4% in after-hours trading, hitting a 52-week low with $9 billion in market capitalization shaved off. Larry Ellison publicly attacked HP's board for his ousting, stating that the HP board had \"made the worst personnel decision since the idiots on the Apple board fired Steve Jobs many years ago.\" On September 30, 2010, Léo Apotheker was named as HP's new CEO and President. Apotheker's appointment sparked a strong reaction from Oracle chief executive Larry Ellison, who complained that Apotheker had","title":"Hewlett-Packard"},{"psg_id":"20689769","text":"Northern California bestsellers list. The work was optioned for a movie deal. An updated edition, \"\"The Billionaire and the Mechanic: How Larry Ellison and a Car Mechanic Teamed Up to Win Sailing's Greatest Race, the America's Cup, Twice\"\", was published in 2014 to cover the successful defense of the America's Cup in 2013. The book appeared on the New York Times best sellers list. Guthrie collaborated with David Ellison, son of Larry Ellison, and head of Skydance Productions, on the 2011-2013 film \"The Wind Gods\", a documentary on the 33rd America's Cup of 2010, where Oracle Team USA won the","title":"The Billionaire and the Mechanic"},{"psg_id":"1472740","text":"the city of San Jose, California, for violating its limits on late-night takeoffs and landings from San Jose Mineta International Airport by planes weighing more than 75,000 pounds (34,019 kg). In January 2000, Ellison sued over the interpretation of the airport rule, contending that his Gulfstream V aircraft \"is certified by the manufacturer to fly at two weights: 75,000 pounds, and at 90,000 pounds, for heavier loads or long flights requiring more fuel. But the pilot only lands the plane in San Jose when it weighs 75,000 pounds or less, and has the logs to prove it.\" US District Judge","title":"Larry Ellison"},{"psg_id":"8711027","text":"between 1949–50, and son of rugby coach Eddie Ellison. He is the older brother of Jacob Ellison, who plays for the Fukuoka Sanix Blues. He is related to former American Football player Riki Ellison who played in the NFL for the San Francisco 49ers and the Los Angeles Raiders and to current NFL player Rhett Ellison who plays for the New York Giants. He is also a descendent of Thomas Ellison, captain of New Zealand's first official rugby team in 1893 and a member of the New Zealand Natives football team which toured Great Britain and Australia in 1888–89. In","title":"Tamati Ellison"},{"psg_id":"103258","text":"pushing IBM to develop a true production version of System R, known as \"SQL/DS\", and, later, \"Database 2\" (DB2). Larry Ellison's Oracle Database (or more simply, Oracle) started from a different chain, based on IBM's papers on System R. Though Oracle V1 implementations were completed in 1978, it wasn't until Oracle Version 2 when Ellison beat IBM to market in 1979. Stonebraker went on to apply the lessons from INGRES to develop a new database, Postgres, which is now known as PostgreSQL. PostgreSQL is often used for global mission critical applications (the .org and .info domain name registries use it","title":"Database"},{"psg_id":"16478684","text":"Super bowl winner Riki Ellison, a former USC and NFL linebacker. He is also of Ngāi Tahu descent and is the grandnephew of the first captain of the All Blacks, Thomas Ellison, who led New Zealand on their first tour to Australia in 1893. He is also related to current New Zealand rugby union players Jacob Ellison and Tamati Ellison. Ellison completed a bachelor's degree in international relations from USC and a master's degree in communication management. Ellison is married to fashion model Raina Hein, runner-up of season 14 of \"America's Next Top Model\", and they are the parents of","title":"Rhett Ellison"},{"psg_id":"2753896","text":"of current members is Oracle Corporation founder Larry Ellison. The Club entered the 2007 Louis Vuitton Cup, the America's Cup challenger selection series, represented by the \"BMW Oracle Racing\" team. \"BMW Oracle Racing\" were eliminated in the semi-finals. They challenged for the America's Cup in 2010 represented by the BMW Oracle Racing team and won a Deed of Gift match 2-0 against the Alinghi team representing Société Nautique de Genève becoming the first American yacht club to hold the cup since 1995. \"America's Cup Management\" announced on July 5, 2007 that the protocol for the 33rd America's Cup had been","title":"Golden Gate Yacht Club"},{"psg_id":"6873266","text":"to Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia with his father, Dan, who went on to become an economic advisor to the United Nations. Shortly thereafter, Ellison's parents divorced and he relocated with his mother to Los Angeles, where she remarried Dennis Gray. Ellison went to high school in Tucson, AZ. The Ellison family comes from a strong sporting background, he is related to professional rugby players Tamati Ellison and Jacob Ellison who both played in Super Rugby. Thomas Ellison, his great-uncle, played for the first New Zealand rugby team to play in Great Britain in 1888 and 1889, and captained the first New","title":"Riki Ellison"},{"psg_id":"16171981","text":"cricketing family. His great-grandfather, Henry Ellison, and uncle, Charles Ellison, both played first-class cricket and his father played 11 Tests and 14 One Day Internationals for England and made over 200 first-class appearances in a career which spanned 14 seasons in county cricket. Charlie Ellison Charles Peter Ellison (born 26 January 1991) is an English former university cricketer. Ellison played four first-class cricket matches for Oxford MCCU between 2011 and 2013 as a right-arm seam bowler. He was born at Canterbury in Kent in 1991 and attended Millfield School in Somerset. His father is Richard Ellison who played for Kent","title":"Charlie Ellison"},{"psg_id":"16171980","text":"Charlie Ellison Charles Peter Ellison (born 26 January 1991) is an English former university cricketer. Ellison played four first-class cricket matches for Oxford MCCU between 2011 and 2013 as a right-arm seam bowler. He was born at Canterbury in Kent in 1991 and attended Millfield School in Somerset. His father is Richard Ellison who played for Kent County Cricket Club and the England cricket team. Ellison played his first-class cricket whilst studying for a degree in sport and exercise science at Oxford Brookes University, He made his first-class debut for Oxford MCCU against Nottinghamshire in 2011. Ellison comes from a","title":"Charlie Ellison"},{"psg_id":"13189903","text":"Stark expo, Yevgeni Lazarev appears as Ivan Vanko's father Anton Vanko, Kate Mara portrays a U.S. Marshal who summons Tony to the government hearing, and Stan Lee appears as himself (but is mistaken for Larry King). Additionally, news anchor Christiane Amanpour and political commentator Bill O'Reilly play themselves in newscasts. Adam Goldstein appears as himself and the film is dedicated to his memory. Further cameos include Tesla Motors CEO Elon Musk and Oracle Corporation CEO Larry Ellison. Favreau's son Max appears as a child wearing an Iron Man mask whom Stark saves from a drone. This was retroactively made the","title":"Iron Man 2"},{"psg_id":"7654392","text":"Matt Ellison Matt Ellison (born December 8, 1983) is a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger who is currently playing for Metallurg Magnitogorsk in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). Drafted in the 2002 NHL Entry Draft by Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL), Ellison played for the Blackhawks minor teams with two stints in the NHL, before being traded in 2005 to the Philadelphia Flyers. After being traded to the Nashville Predators in 2007, Ellison played one season for the Predators AHL team before moving to play in Europe in 2008. Ellison has continued to play in the","title":"Matt Ellison"},{"psg_id":"20538377","text":"Sims Ellison Sims Ellison (March 10, 1967 – June 6, 1995) was an American guitarist, who played for Pariah. In 1995, Ellison took his own life due to depression about the music industry. Today there is a charity for local Austin musicians who suffer from mental health and suicidal issues called the Sims Foundation. Ellison was born into a San Antonio musical family. He and his brother Kyle formed a heavy metal band in high school called Pariah. After a few albums released with different record labels they signed with Geffen Records in 1991 recording their notable album To Mock","title":"Sims Ellison"},{"psg_id":"8132191","text":"Andy Ellison Andrew \"Andy\" Ellison is a musician and vocalist best known as the frontman in John's Children, Jet and Radio Stars. John's Children also featured Marc Bolan and Chris Townson. During the height of their popularity, Ellison carried a pillowcase stuffed with feathers, throwing them around the stage. On the group's (in)famous 1967 tour with The Who, Ellison threw feathers around the stage so much that Roger Daltrey could not sing. A song sung by Ellison, \"It's Been A Long Time,\" appears on the soundtrack - better known for its contributions from The Spencer Davis Group and Traffic -","title":"Andy Ellison"},{"psg_id":"14866840","text":"Like John, both of his wives were of Indian descent. At his death, Ellison provided for dividing his property, including over 60 slaves, between his surviving daughter Maria and two surviving sons. He bequeathed $500 to a slave daughter he had sold. There are differing views on who Willis and John Wilson Buckner were married to and their relationship to Ellison. Ellison family lore states that John Wilson Buckner was the grandson of Ellison. On March 27, 1863, John Wilson Buckner, William Ellison's oldest grandson, enlisted in the 1st South Carolina Artillery. William Ellison William Ellison Jr., born April Ellison","title":"William Ellison"},{"psg_id":"7437720","text":"Cup, Cayard recommended to the \"AmericaOne\" syndicate board of trustees that the syndicate should not compete for the 2003 America's Cup, citing significant financial and recruiting obstacles. Assets of AmericaOne were eventually sold to Larry Ellison who founded the Oracle Racing syndicate, later joining forces with BMW Racing to form Oracle BMW Racing, with Cayard as skipper. Cayard later was moved out of the skipper position into an administrative position and ultimately left the syndicate. In March 2007, Cayard was involved in the 2007 America's Cup as Technical Advisor to Desafio Espanol 2007. Cayard also commentated on the 2007 Louis","title":"Paul Cayard"},{"psg_id":"12067836","text":"University of Wellington. He is a member of Ngati Porou. He is the younger brother of All Black Tamati Ellison and the grandson of the All Black Vincent Bevan. Jacob Ellison Jacob Ellison (born 25 February 1985 in Wellington, New Zealand) is a New Zealand rugby union footballer who plays for Fukuoka Sanix Blues in the Japanese Top League. He plays the position of prop. He has previously played for Wellington in the ITM Cup and the and in Super Rugby. Ellison made his Wellington debut in 2007 and his Hurricanes debut a year later. After four years with the","title":"Jacob Ellison"},{"psg_id":"7976335","text":"Keith Ellison Keith Maurice Ellison (born August 4, 1963) is an American politician and lawyer who is the Attorney General-elect of Minnesota. Ellison has been the U.S. Representative for since 2007 and the Deputy Chair of the Democratic National Committee since 2017. He is a member of the Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL), the Minnesota state Democratic Party affiliate. His district centers on Minneapolis and surrounding suburbs. He is a vice-chair of the Congressional Progressive Caucus and a Chief Deputy Whip, and also serves on the House Committee on Financial Services. Ellison was the first Muslim to be elected to the U.S.","title":"Keith Ellison"},{"psg_id":"7654396","text":"season. After three prolific seasons with Minsk, leading the club in scoring in his final two, Ellison left as a free agent to sign a lucrative two-year contract with larger Russian club, Metallurg Magnitogorsk, on June 7, 2017. Matt Ellison Matt Ellison (born December 8, 1983) is a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger who is currently playing for Metallurg Magnitogorsk in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). Drafted in the 2002 NHL Entry Draft by Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL), Ellison played for the Blackhawks minor teams with two stints in the NHL, before being traded in","title":"Matt Ellison"},{"psg_id":"12354575","text":"both editions of The World Games in 2013 and 2017, Ellison won the silver medal in the individual field recurve competition. Ellison appeared in an episode of the American-based TV show \"Mythbusters\", where he helped to test the myth of the Ancient Greek 'arrow machine gun' (a mythical device that could fire arrows in a way similar to modern machine guns). With Ellison's help, the myth was deemed \"plausible\". Brady Ellison Brady 'The Arizona Cowboy' Ellison (born October 27, 1988) is an American archer who competes in recurve archery. He is currently a Resident Athlete at the United States Olympic","title":"Brady Ellison"},{"psg_id":"12067835","text":"Jacob Ellison Jacob Ellison (born 25 February 1985 in Wellington, New Zealand) is a New Zealand rugby union footballer who plays for Fukuoka Sanix Blues in the Japanese Top League. He plays the position of prop. He has previously played for Wellington in the ITM Cup and the and in Super Rugby. Ellison made his Wellington debut in 2007 and his Hurricanes debut a year later. After four years with the Hurricanes, he played for the Highlanders in 2012. He was delisted at the end of the season after making only one competition appearance. Ellison is a graduate of Victoria","title":"Jacob Ellison"},{"psg_id":"13908474","text":"Michael D. Ellison Michael D. Ellison (aka MIKE-E, Mike Ellis, Michael Ellison) is an African American recording artist. He is well known for his slam poetry performances and his involvement with the Detroit Concert of Colors annual event. Ellison was born in Ethiopia to expatriate African American parents who lived and worked in Ethiopia's capital Addis Ababa. Ellison is noted for his slam poetry and hip-hop performances, which he performs under the name MIKE-E as well as with his group called AfroFlow. He has performed in several venues such as HBO's Def Poetry, for the National Football League, for Toyota,","title":"Michael D. Ellison"},{"psg_id":"1316471","text":"Murdock, as a result of his purchase of Castle & Cooke, then owner of Dole. In October 1992 the final harvest of pineapple took place on Lānai. In June 2012, Larry Ellison, then CEO of Oracle Corporation, purchased Castle & Cooke's 98 percent share of the island for $300 million. The state owns the remaining 2 percent. Ellison reportedly planned to invest as much as $500 million to add to and improve the island's infrastructure and to create an environmentally friendly agricultural industry. As of 2016, Ellison had spent an estimated $450 million to remodel his Four Seasons Resort Lanai","title":"Lanai"},{"psg_id":"1284709","text":"In December 1985, the first generation of nCUBE's hypercube machines were released. The second generation (N2) was launched in June 1989. The third generation (N3) was released in 1995. The fourth generation (N4) was released in 1999. In 1988, Larry Ellison invested heavily into nCUBE and became the company's majority share holder. The company's headquarters was relocated to Foster City, California to be closer to the Oracle Corporation. In 1994, Ronald Dilbeck became chief executive officer and set nCUBE on a fast track to an initial public offering. In 1996, Ellison downsized nCUBE and Dilbeck departed. Ellison took over as","title":"NCUBE"},{"psg_id":"13221863","text":"suite. PeopleSoft merged with Oracle in 2005 and integrated product lines under the Oracle PeopleSoft name. Features of Oracle’s Siebel CRM include: Oracle CRM Oracle CRM is customer relationship management delivered by Oracle Corporation. Oracle hired Mark Barrenechea in 1996, who formed a \"Front Office\" team within Oracle Application division in 1997. That team evolved into the CRM division of Oracle in 1998, and launched products like Oracle Sales Online, Oracle Marketing Online in the following years, competing with Siebel Systems and Salesforce.com. Oracle became a leading player in the CRM market following its acquisition of Siebel Systems in September","title":"Oracle CRM"},{"psg_id":"8132193","text":"Stars reformed for a one-off gig in London in 2008 to mark the release of their \"Something For the Weekend\" live release on Radiant Future Records. Andy Ellison Andrew \"Andy\" Ellison is a musician and vocalist best known as the frontman in John's Children, Jet and Radio Stars. John's Children also featured Marc Bolan and Chris Townson. During the height of their popularity, Ellison carried a pillowcase stuffed with feathers, throwing them around the stage. On the group's (in)famous 1967 tour with The Who, Ellison threw feathers around the stage so much that Roger Daltrey could not sing. A song","title":"Andy Ellison"},{"psg_id":"4309149","text":"Eddie Ellison Eddie Ellison was a retired English Detective Chief Superintendent of police who is famous for arguing for drug legalisation. He died from cancer on 29 January 2007. He continued to write and give presentations on policing and drug policy up to his death. Ellison spent two years as a Detective Sergeant at London's Heathrow Airport combatting drug smuggling with Her Majesty's Customs and Excise officers. He then spent two years working against drugs suppliers and distributors across London. Ellison returned to the Scotland Yard's Central Drug Squad as Detective Chief Inspector where he commanded the squad for three","title":"Eddie Ellison"},{"psg_id":"14537766","text":"vote by 9.1%. In October 2017 Ellison was appointed as Deputy Director-General for Corporate Operations at the World Health Organization. Ellison lives in Balham with her partner John, and enjoys and participates in music and walking. Jane Ellison Jane Elizabeth Ellison (born 15 August 1964) is a British Conservative Party politician, who was first elected at the 2010 general election as the Member of Parliament for Battersea. On 7 May 2015, she was re-elected with an increased margin of 3.4%. She lost the seat to Marsha de Cordova of the Labour Party at the 2017 snap general election. As of","title":"Jane Ellison"},{"psg_id":"10057673","text":"the Los Angeles Rams in 1957. Ellison was subsequently named NFL Offensive Player of the Week by the \"Associated Press\". Ellison went on to the Pro Bowl after the 1971 NFL season. He played college football at Texas Southern. Now he lives in Pearland, Tx working as a substitute teacher in the Pearland ISD area. Willie Ellison William Henry Ellison (born November 1, 1945) is a former American football running back who played eight seasons in the National Football League for the Los Angeles Rams and the Kansas City Chiefs. Sporting #33, he spent his first four seasons in the","title":"Willie Ellison"},{"psg_id":"13221859","text":"Oracle CRM Oracle CRM is customer relationship management delivered by Oracle Corporation. Oracle hired Mark Barrenechea in 1996, who formed a \"Front Office\" team within Oracle Application division in 1997. That team evolved into the CRM division of Oracle in 1998, and launched products like Oracle Sales Online, Oracle Marketing Online in the following years, competing with Siebel Systems and Salesforce.com. Oracle became a leading player in the CRM market following its acquisition of Siebel Systems in September 2006 and later acquired UpShot CRM which offered a more robust user interface than the legacy Siebel On Demand product. Today Oracle","title":"Oracle CRM"},{"psg_id":"14414772","text":"cable startup and got the best out of everybody.\" In July 2014, \"Forbes\" magazine named Simmons as one of 7 CEOs Who Took A Gamble and Scored. Included in the list are Bill Gates (Microsoft), Larry Page (Google), Steve Jobs (Apple), Larry Ellison (Oracle), Fred Smith (FedEx) and Karen Kaplan (Hill Holiday). \"He left his stable position at NBC Sports in 1979 to become president of a new cable sports network dubbed ESPN. In his three years there, he turned the upstart 24-hour sports network into a powerhouse in the TV industry.\" During Simmons time at ABC, NBC and ESPN,","title":"Chet Simmons"},{"psg_id":"10605564","text":"ten in New Zealand. After completion of the tour, Ellison continued to play for Poneke and Wellington. While playing with his club, Ellison implemented the use of a wing-forward and seven-man scrum positional system. It is not known exactly who invented the position of wing-forward, but Ellison claimed in \"The Art of Rugby Football\" that he had developed it; historian Greg Ryan claims the position was developed in northern England, and that Ellison only refined it after discovering it during the Natives' tour. The distinctive feature of wing-forward play was their role of feeding the ball into the scrum, and","title":"Thomas Ellison"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472746\",\n \"text\": \"database and issue ID cards. \\\"Forbes's\\\" 2004 list of charitable donations made by the wealthiest 400 Americans stated that Ellison had donated $151,092,103, about 1% of his estimated personal wealth. In June 2006, he announced he would not honor his earlier pledge of $115 million to Harvard University, claiming it was due to the departure of former President Lawrence Summers. Oracle spokesman Bob Wynne announced, \\\"It was really Larry Summers' brainchild and once it looked like Larry Summers was leaving, Larry Ellison reconsidered ... [I]t was Larry Ellison and Larry Summers that had initially come up with this notion.\\\" In\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472720\",\n \"text\": \"1970s, he became influenced by Edgar F. Codd's research on relational database design, which led in 1977 to the formation of what became Oracle. Oracle became a successful database vendor to mid- and low-range systems, competing with Sybase and Microsoft SQL Server, which led to Ellison being listed by Forbes as one of the richest men in the world. Ellison has donated up to 1% of his wealth to charity and has signed The Giving Pledge. In addition to his work at Oracle, Ellison has had success in yachting, through Oracle Team USA. He is a licensed aircraft pilot who\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472736\",\n \"text\": \"movie \\\"Iron Man 2\\\". In 2010, Ellison purchased a 50% share of the BNP Paribas Open tennis tournament. Ellison owns many exotic cars, including an Audi R8 and a McLaren F1. His favorite is the Acura NSX, which he was known to give as gifts each year during its production. Ellison is also reportedly the owner of a Lexus LFA and a Lexus LS(XF40). Following success racing Maxi yachts, Ellison founded BMW Oracle Racing to compete for the 2003 Louis Vuitton Cup. BMW Oracle Racing was the \\\"Challenger of Record\\\" on behalf of the Golden Gate Yacht Club of San\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472735\",\n \"text\": \"earned $94.6 million. On September 18, 2014, Ellison appointed Mark Hurd to CEO of Oracle from his former position as President; Safra Catz was also made CEO, moving from her former role as CFO. Ellison assumed the positions of chief technology officer and executive chairman. In November 2016, Oracle bought NetSuite for $9.3 billion. Ellison owned 35% of NetSuite at the time of the purchase making him $3.5 billion personally. In June 2018, Ellison's net worth was about $54.5 billion, according to \\\"Forbes\\\". Ellison has been married and divorced four times. Ellison made a brief cameo appearance in the 2010\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472732\",\n \"text\": \"open source database, which Sun had acquired in 2008. On August 9, 2010, Ellison denounced Hewlett-Packard's board for firing CEO Mark Hurd, writing that \\\"the HP board just made the worst personnel decision since the idiots on the Apple board fired Steve Jobs many years ago.\\\" (Ellison and Hurd are close personal friends.) Then on September 6, Oracle hired Mark Hurd as co-president alongside Safra Catz. Ellison remained in his current role at Oracle. In March 2010, the \\\"Forbes\\\" list of billionaires ranked Ellison as the sixth-richest person in the world and as the third-richest American, with an estimated net\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472745\",\n \"text\": \"donate $100 million to his own charitable foundation without admitting wrongdoing. A California judge refused to allow Oracle to pay Ellison's legal fees of $24 million. Ellison's lawyer had argued that if Ellison were to pay the fees, that could be construed as an admission of guilt. His charitable donations to Stanford University raised questions about the independence of two Stanford professors who evaluated the case's merits for Oracle. In response to the September 11 terrorist attacks, Ellison made a controversial offer to donate software to the federal government that would enable it to build and run a national identification\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472739\",\n \"text\": \"music and film mogul David Geffen. \\\"Rising Sun\\\" is long, and reportedly cost over $200million to build. He \\\"downsized\\\" to \\\"Musashi\\\", a yacht built by Feadship. On September 25, 2013, Ellison's Oracle Team USA defeated Emirates Team New Zealand to win the 34th America's Cup in San Francisco Bay, California. Oracle Team USA had been penalized two points in the final for cheating by some team members during the America's Cup World Series warm-up events. Oracle Racing lost the 2017 America's Cup to Team New Zealand. Ellison is a licensed pilot who has owned several aircraft. He was cited by\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472744\",\n \"text\": \"purchase Ellison owns 98% of Lanai, Hawaii's sixth-largest island. In 1992, Ellison shattered his elbow in a high-speed bicycle crash. His search for a highly skilled orthopedic surgeon led him to Dr. Michael W. Chapman at the University of California, Davis. Impressed by his care, Ellison donated $5 million to seed the Lawrence J. Ellison Musculo-Skeletal Research Center. In 1998, the Lawrence J. Ellison Ambulatory Care Center opened on the Sacramento campus of the UC Davis Medical Center. In order to settle an insider trading lawsuit arising from Ellison's selling nearly $1 billion of Oracle stock, he was allowed to\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2144232\",\n \"text\": \"the next database generation, Oracle Autonomous Database. Larry Ellison and his two friends and former co-workers, Bob Miner and Ed Oates, started a consultancy called Software Development Laboratories (SDL) in 1977. SDL developed the original version of the Oracle software. The name \\\"Oracle\\\" comes from the code-name of a CIA-funded project Ellison had worked on while formerly employed by Ampex. Oracle products follow a custom release-numbering and -naming convention. The \\\"c\\\" in the current release, Oracle Database 18c, stands for \\\"Cloud\\\". Previous releases (e.g. Oracle Database 10g and Oracle9i Database) have used suffixes of \\\"g\\\" and \\\"i\\\" which stand for\",\n \"title\": \"Oracle Database\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11604412\",\n \"text\": \"Ellison Medical Foundation The Ellison Medical Foundation, a 501(c)(3) Private Nonoperating Foundation, was founded in 1997 and is located in Bethesda, Maryland. The foundation supported research in the following discipline areas: biomedical research on aging, age-related diseases and disabilities. Its major philanthropic support came from Oracle CEO Larry Ellison. As of 2007, the Foundation owned 1.3 million shares of Oracle Corporation. The foundation is classified as NTEE T99—Other Philanthropy, Voluntarism, and Grantmaking Foundations N.E.C. Since 1998 the Ellison Medical Foundation has spent hundreds of millions of dollars funding fundamental research on the biology of ageing. $40 million per year was\",\n \"title\": \"Ellison Medical Foundation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472724\",\n \"text\": \"he moved to Northern California. During the 1970s, after a brief stint at Amdahl Corporation, Ellison began working for Ampex Corporation. His projects included a database for the CIA, which he named \\\"Oracle\\\". Ellison was inspired by a paper written by Edgar F. Codd on relational database systems called \\\"A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks\\\". In 1977, he founded Software Development Laboratories (SDL) with two partners and an investment of $2,000; $1,200 of the money was his. In 1979, the company renamed itself Relational Software Inc., and in 1982, officially became Oracle Systems Corporation after its\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472725\",\n \"text\": \"flagship product, the Oracle Database. Ellison had heard about the IBM System R database, also based on Codd's theories, and wanted Oracle to achieve compatibility with it, but IBM made this impossible by refusing to share System R's code. The initial release of Oracle in 1979 was called Oracle 2; there was no Oracle 1. In 1990, Oracle laid off 10% of its workforce (about 400 people) because it was losing money. This crisis, which almost resulted in the company's bankruptcy, came about because of Oracle's \\\"up-front\\\" marketing strategy, in which sales people urged potential customers to buy the largest\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472721\",\n \"text\": \"owns two military jets. Larry Ellison was born in New York City, to an unwed Jewish mother. His biological father was an Italian American United States Army Air Corps pilot. After Ellison contracted pneumonia at the age of nine months, his mother gave him to her aunt and uncle for adoption. He did not meet his biological mother again until he was 48. Ellison moved to Chicago's South Shore, then a middle-class neighborhood. He remembers his adoptive mother as warm and loving, in contrast to his austere, unsupportive, and often distant adoptive father, who adopted the name Ellison to honor\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9028570\",\n \"text\": \"David Ellison David Ellison (born January 9, 1983) is an American film producer and the founder and CEO of Skydance Media. David Ellison was born in Santa Clara County, California. He is the son of billionaire Oracle Corporation CTO Larry Ellison, and his ex-wife, Barbara Boothe Ellison. His father is of Italian and Jewish heritage. He has one sister, film producer Megan Ellison. He dropped out of the University of Southern California in 2005. Ellison is the CEO and founder of Skydance Media. In 2010, Skydance raised $350 million to co-finance and co-produce movies with Paramount. He produced the reboot\",\n \"title\": \"David Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9028572\",\n \"text\": \"Sean D. Tucker's \\\"Stars of Tomorrow\\\" aerobatic team at EAA AirVenture Oshkosh. He married Sandra Lynn Modic, an actress and singer, on October 1, 2011 in Palm Springs, California. David Ellison David Ellison (born January 9, 1983) is an American film producer and the founder and CEO of Skydance Media. David Ellison was born in Santa Clara County, California. He is the son of billionaire Oracle Corporation CTO Larry Ellison, and his ex-wife, Barbara Boothe Ellison. His father is of Italian and Jewish heritage. He has one sister, film producer Megan Ellison. He dropped out of the University of Southern\",\n \"title\": \"David Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16451734\",\n \"text\": \"Megan Ellison Margaret Elizabeth \\\"Megan\\\" Ellison (born January 31, 1986) is an American film producer and founder of Annapurna Pictures, established in 2011. She is best known for producing the films \\\"Zero Dark Thirty\\\" (2012), \\\"Her\\\" (2013), \\\"American Hustle\\\" (2013), and \\\"Phantom Thread\\\" (2017), all of which have earned her Oscar nominations. In 2014, she was included in the annual \\\"Time\\\" 100 list of the most influential people in the world. Megan Ellison was born in Santa Clara County, California, the daughter of billionaire Oracle Corporation chairman Larry Ellison and his ex-wife, Barbara Boothe Ellison. Her father is of Jewish\",\n \"title\": \"Megan Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2144231\",\n \"text\": \"Oracle Database Oracle Database (commonly referred to as Oracle RDBMS or simply as Oracle) is a multi-model database management system produced and marketed by Oracle Corporation. It is a database commonly used for running online transaction processing (OLTP), data warehousing (DW) and mixed (OLTP & DW) database workloads. The latest generation, Oracle Database 18c, is available on-prem, on-Cloud, or in a hybrid-Cloud environment. 18c may also be deployed on Oracle Engineered Systems (e.g. Exadata) on-prem, on Oracle (public) Cloud or (private) Cloud at Customer. At Openworld 2017 in San Francisco, Executive Chairman of the Board and CTO, Larry Ellison announced\",\n \"title\": \"Oracle Database\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"298882\",\n \"text\": \"OpenSolaris operating system project and community. With Oracle planning to develop Solaris only in a closed source fashion, OpenSolaris developers moved to the Illumos and OpenIndiana project, among others. As Oracle completed their acquisition of Sun Microsystems in February 2010, they announced that OpenSSO would no longer be their strategic product. Shortly after, OpenSSO was forked to OpenAM. and will continue to be developed and supported by ForgeRock. On September 6, 2010, Oracle announced that former Hewlett-Packard CEO Mark Hurd was to replace Charles Phillips, who resigned as Oracle Co-President. In an official statement made by Larry Ellison, Phillips had\",\n \"title\": \"Oracle Corporation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1961682\",\n \"text\": \"Oracle Team USA Oracle Team USA is an American yacht racing syndicate initially formed to compete for the 2003 America's Cup. They competed again in the 2007 event before winning the 33rd America's Cup regatta in 2010 – representing the Golden Gate Yacht Club. The team also won the 34th America's Cup in 2013. The syndicate was initially named \\\"Oracle\\\" for the 2003 campaign and backed primarily by Larry Ellison, the co-founder and CEO of Oracle Corporation, but was renamed in August 2004 to \\\"Oracle BMW Racing\\\" to reflect the German company's role, and subsequently revised again to \\\"BMW Oracle\",\n \"title\": \"Oracle Team USA\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"298849\",\n \"text\": \"Oracle Corporation Oracle Corporation is an American multinational computer technology corporation headquartered in Redwood Shores, California. The company specializes primarily in developing and marketing database software and technology, cloud engineered systems, and enterprise software products — particularly its own brands of database management systems. In 2018, Oracle was the third-largest software maker by revenue, after Microsoft and Alphabet. The company also develops and builds tools for database development and systems of middle-tier software, enterprise resource planning (ERP) software, customer relationship management (CRM) software, and supply chain management (SCM) software. Larry Ellison co-founded Oracle Corporation in 1977 with Bob Miner and\",\n \"title\": \"Oracle Corporation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472737\",\n \"text\": \"Francisco for the 2007 America's Cup in Valencia, Spain, until eliminated from the 2007 Louis Vuitton Cup challenger-selection series in the semi-finals. On February 14, 2010, Ellison's yacht \\\"USA 17\\\" won the second race (in the best of three \\\"deed of gift\\\" series) of the 33rd America's Cup, after winning the first race two days earlier. Securing a historic victory, Ellison and his BMW Oracle team became the first challengers to win a \\\"deed of gift\\\" match. The Cup returned to American shores for the first time since 1995. Ellison served as a crew member in the second race. Previously,\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472731\",\n \"text\": \"Sun Microsystems. On July 2, 2009, for the fourth year in a row, Oracle's board awarded Ellison another 7 million stock options. On August 22, 2009, it was reported that Ellison would be paid only $1 for his base salary for the fiscal year of 2010, down from the $1,000,000 he was paid in fiscal 2009. The European Union approved Oracle's acquisition of Sun Microsystems on January 21, 2010, and agreed that Oracle's acquisition of Sun \\\"has the potential to revitalize important assets and create new and innovative products\\\". The Sun acquisition also gave Oracle control of the popular MySQL\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2144233\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Grid\\\" and \\\"Internet\\\" respectively. Prior to the release of Oracle8i Database, no suffixes featured in Oracle Database naming conventions. Note that there was no v1 of Oracle Database, as Larry Ellison, \\\"knew no one would want to buy version 1\\\". Oracle's RDBMS release numbering has used the following codes: The Oracle Database Administrators Guide includes a brief history on some of the key innovations introduced with each major release of Oracle Database. Oracle Corporation releases Critical Patch Updates (CPUs) or Security Patch Updates (SPUs) and Security Alerts to close security holes that could be used for data theft. Critical Patch\",\n \"title\": \"Oracle Database\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472729\",\n \"text\": \"currently allow me to attend enough of the formal board meetings to warrant a role as a director\\\". With the defeat of Informix and of Sybase, Oracle enjoyed years of industry dominance until the rise of Microsoft SQL Server in the late 1990s and IBM's acquisition of Informix Software in 2001 to complement their DB2 database. Oracle's main competition for new database licenses on UNIX, Linux, and Windows operating systems comes from IBM's DB2 and from Microsoft SQL Server, which only runs on Windows. IBM's DB2 still dominates the mainframe database market. In 2005, Oracle Corporation paid Ellison a $975,000\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472726\",\n \"text\": \"possible amount of software all at once. The sales people then booked the value of future license sales in the current quarter, thereby increasing their bonuses. This became a problem when the future sales subsequently failed to materialize. Oracle eventually had to restate its earnings twice, and had to settle class-action lawsuits arising from its having overstated its earnings. Ellison would later say that Oracle had made \\\"an incredible business mistake\\\". Although IBM dominated the mainframe relational database market with its DB2 and SQL/DS database products, it delayed entering the market for a relational database on Unix and Windows operating\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20290460\",\n \"text\": \"modules that make up the Oracle ERP Cloud suite. In March 2017, Oracle ERP Cloud received HIPAA certification. The software suite is designed to support international enterprise functions and includes multi-GAAP, multi-currency, multi-language, and multi-subsidiary capabilities. Oracle ERP Cloud was based originally on Oracle Fusion Applications, Oracle’s enterprise resource planning software suite developed for Oracle Fusion Architecture and Oracle Fusion Middleware released in 2011. In June 2012, Oracle CTO and chairman of the board Larry Ellison announced the Oracle ERP Cloud application suite as a part of Oracle Cloud, the company’s broad set of cloud-based applications. Oracle announced preview availability\",\n \"title\": \"Oracle Enterprise Resource Planning Cloud\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9030461\",\n \"text\": \"with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel R2 on UCS systems. The UCS systems rank fourth and eighth on the top TPC-C non-clustered list. In December 2010, Oracle CEO Larry Ellison, in response to a question on Oracle's Linux strategy, said that at some point in the future Oracle Linux would run on Oracle's SPARC platforms. At Oracle OpenWorld 2014 John Fowler, Oracle's Executive Vice President for Systems, also said that Linux will be able to run on SPARC at some point. In October 2015, Oracle released a Linux reference platform for SPARC systems based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6. In\",\n \"title\": \"Oracle Linux\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1961684\",\n \"text\": \"skipper position, alternating between Cayard and Chris Dickson, to Dickson alone, to Peter Holmberg, and then back to Dickson. Oracle reached the finals of the 2003 Louis Vuitton Cup, losing to Alinghi 5–1. BMW Oracle Racing through the GGYC was the Challenger-of-Record for the 2007 America’s Cup which was held in Valencia, Spain. BMW Oracle Racing, lost to Luna Rossa Challenge 5 to 1 in the 2007 Louis Vuitton Cup Semi Finals. Larry Ellison hired Russell Coutts to be the CEO of the 33rd America's Cup campaign. In July 2007, the Golden Gate Yacht Club, sponsoring BMW Oracle Racing, filed\",\n \"title\": \"Oracle Team USA\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472727\",\n \"text\": \"systems. This left the door open for Sybase, Oracle, Informix, and eventually Microsoft to dominate mid-range systems and microcomputers. Around this time, Oracle fell behind Sybase. From 1990 to 1993, Sybase was the fastest-growing database company and the database industry's darling vendor, but soon fell victim to merger mania. Sybase's 1996 merger with Powersoft resulted in a loss of focus on its core database technology. In 1993, Sybase sold the rights to its database software running under the Windows operating system to Microsoft Corporation, which now markets it under the name \\\"SQL Server\\\". In his early years at Oracle, Larry\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472741\",\n \"text\": \"Jeremy Fogel ruled in Ellison's favor in June 2001, calling for a waiver for Ellison's jet, but did not invalidate the curfew. Ellison also owns at least two military jets: a SIAI-Marchetti S.211, a training aircraft designed in Italy, and a decommissioned MiG-29, which the US government has refused him permission to import. In 2009, Larry purchased the Indian Wells Tennis Garden tennis facility in California's Coachella Valley and the Indian Wells Masters tournament, both of which he still owns. Ellison styled his estimated $110 million Woodside, California, estate after feudal Japanese architecture, complete with a man-made lake and an\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1961687\",\n \"text\": \"of the Match in which they would otherwise score a point. Oracle Team USA's Larry Ellison declared that the 34th America's Cup would be sailed on AC72 class wing-sail catamarans. Oracle Team USA experienced the first major accident involving the new AC72 class, when the boat capsized during training off San Francisco on October 16, 2012. Oracle Team USA successfully defended the trophy and won the 2013 America's Cup on September 25, 2013. They accomplished this achievement by coming back from 7 points down and one point away from defeat in the series, and completing the largest in-series comeback in\",\n \"title\": \"Oracle Team USA\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"298869\",\n \"text\": \"to dig through the trash of organizations involved in an antitrust trial involving Microsoft. The Chairman of Oracle Corporation, Larry Ellison, staunchly defended his company's hiring of an East Coast detective agency to investigate groups that supported rival Microsoft Corporation during its antitrust trial, calling the snooping a \\\"public service\\\". The investigation reportedly included a $1,200 offer to janitors at the Association for Competitive Technology to look through Microsoft's trash. When asked how he would feel if others were looking into Oracle's business activities, Ellison said: \\\"We will ship our garbage to Redmond, and they can go through it. We\",\n \"title\": \"Oracle Corporation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472730\",\n \"text\": \"salary, a $6,500,000 bonus, and other compensation of $955,100. In 2007, Ellison earned a total compensation of $61,180,524, which included a base salary of $1,000,000, a cash bonus of $8,369,000, and options granted of $50,087,100. In 2008, he earned a total compensation of $84,598,700, which included a base salary of $1,000,000, a cash bonus of $10,779,000, no stock grants, and options granted of $71,372,700. In the year ending May 31, 2009, he made $56.8 million. In 2006, \\\"Forbes\\\" ranked him as the richest Californian. In April 2009, after a tug-of-war with IBM and Hewlett-Packard, Oracle announced its intent to buy\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19221378\",\n \"text\": \"In re Oracle Corp. Derivative Litigation In re Oracle Corp. Derivative Litigation, 824 A.2d 917 (Del. Ch. 2003) is a US corporate law case, concerning the derivative suits in Delaware. A group of shareholders in the Oracle Corporation sought to bring a derivative suit on allegations of insider trading against the corporation's directors, mainly the CEO Larry Ellison, Donald Lucas, and Michael Boskin. The shareholders made a demand on the board to litigate, and this was rejected by the Special Litigation Committee (SLC). Hector Garcia-Molina and Joseph Grundfest, both Stanford professors and members of the board, were appointed to the\",\n \"title\": \"In re Oracle Corp. Derivative Litigation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472749\",\n \"text\": \"that charitable giving is a personal and private matter.\\\" In May 2016, Ellison donated $200 million to University of Southern California for establishing a cancer research center: Lawrence J. Ellison Institute for Transformative Medicine of USC. Ellison was critical of NSA whistle-blower Edward Snowden, saying that \\\"Snowden had yet to identify a single person who had been 'wrongly injured' by the NSA's data collection\\\". He has donated to both Democratic and Republican politicians, and in late 2014 hosted Republican Senator Rand Paul at a fundraiser at his home. Ellison is one of the top donors to Conservative Solutions PAC, a\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472722\",\n \"text\": \"his point of entry into the United States, Ellis Island. Louis Ellison was a government employee who had made a small fortune in Chicago real estate, only to lose it during the Great Depression. Although Ellison was raised in a Reform Jewish home by his adoptive parents, who attended synagogue regularly, he remained a religious skeptic. Ellison states: \\\"While I think I am religious in one sense, the particular dogmas of Judaism are not dogmas I subscribe to. I don't believe that they are real. They're interesting stories. They're interesting mythology, and I certainly respect people who believe these are\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"298883\",\n \"text\": \"previously expressed his desire to transition out of the company. Ellison had asked Phillips to stay on through the integration of Sun Microsystems Inc. In a separate statement regarding the transition, Ellison said \\\"Mark did a brilliant job at HP and I expect he'll do even better at Oracle. There is no executive in the IT world with more relevant experience than Mark.\\\" On September 7, 2010, HP announced a civil lawsuit against Mark Hurd \\\"to protect HP's trade secrets\\\", in response to Oracle hiring Hurd. On September 20, Oracle and HP published a joint press release announcing the resolution\",\n \"title\": \"Oracle Corporation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16559437\",\n \"text\": \"(and other) planets.\\\" During the trial, Schwartz said that at that time of Android's release, despite knowing Google may have bypassed their licensing requirements, \\\"we decided to grit our teeth and support it so anyone supporting it would see us as part of the value chain\\\". Oracle announced it would purchase Sun in April 2009 for , and completed the acquisition in January 2010. Besides allowing them to enter the hardware business, Oracle's CEO Larry Ellison called the acquisition of the Java language \\\"the single most important software asset we have ever acquired\\\". Oracle continued to develop Java and pursue\",\n \"title\": \"Oracle America, Inc. v. Google, Inc.\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11391299\",\n \"text\": \"Goldberg joined Oracle immediately after graduating from Harvard College in 1987, and held a variety of positions in R&D. Nelson joined Oracle in 1992 as Vice President of Marketing, ultimately working directly for Larry Ellison. In 1998 Evan Goldberg received approximately $125 million USD in initial financial backing from Larry Ellison, founder and chief executive officer of Oracle Corporation through Ellison's venture capital entity Tako Ventures. Other initial investors were StarVest Partners ADP and UBS PaineWebber. The NetSuite software also relies on database software licensed from Oracle. Ellison and family members owned approximately 47.4% of NetSuite's common stock as of\",\n \"title\": \"NetSuite\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472748\",\n \"text\": \"will support the construction of well-being facilities on a new campus for co-ed conscripts. In August 2010, it was reported that Ellison is one of the 40 billionaires who have signed \\\"The Giving Pledge\\\". Ellison wrote: \\\"Many years ago, I put virtually all of my assets into a trust with the intent of giving away at least 95 percent of my wealth to charitable causes. I have already given hundreds of millions of dollars to medical research and education, and I will give billions more over time. Until now, I have done this giving quietly because I have long believed\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11331127\",\n \"text\": \"Oracle Corporation founder Larry Ellison. Ellison, who was in Newport during the summer of 2009 for training with his BMW/Oracle Racing, is linked to a deed filed at City Hall that documents the $10.5 million sale of the 39-room estate. As of 2012, Ellison plans to convert the mansion's first floor into Beechwood Art Museum, displaying his collection of 18th and 19th century art. As of 2018, Ellison has not completed his renovations and it appears work has stopped on the mansion. Beechwood (Astor mansion) Beechwood is a Gilded Age estate located on Bellevue Avenue in Newport, Rhode Island. Built\",\n \"title\": \"Beechwood (Astor mansion)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20688550\",\n \"text\": \"syndicate CEO of Oracle Team USA, the winning team in the 33rd America's Cup (AC33), and chairman and founder of Oracle Corporation, the title sponsor of the winning syndicate. David Ellison collaborated with Julian Guthrie on the film. Guthrie wrote the nonfiction book \\\"The Billionaire and the Mechanic\\\" about the history of Oracle Team USA. The DVD and advertising campaign were produced by Bean Labs, in conjunction with Mt. Philo Films. The film profiles Larry Ellison, Russell Coutts, and Ernesto Bertarelli. Coutts is the skipper for Oracle Team USA who was hired away from Bertarelli's Switzerland's Team Alinghi. Bertarelli is\",\n \"title\": \"The Wind Gods (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472734\",\n \"text\": \"October 2012, he was listed just behind David Hamilton Koch as the eighth richest person in the world, according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index. Ellison owns stakes in Salesforce.com, NetSuite, Quark Biotechnology Inc. and Astex Pharmaceuticals. In June 2012, Ellison agreed to buy 98 percent of the Hawaiian island of Lana'i from David Murdock's company, Castle & Cooke. The price was reported to be between $500 million and $600 million. In 2005, Ellison agreed to settle a four-year-old insider-trading lawsuit by offering to pay $100 million to charity in Oracle's name. In 2013, according to the \\\"Wall Street Journal\\\", Ellison\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472747\",\n \"text\": \"2007, Ellison pledged $500,000 to fortify a community centre in Sderot, Israel, after discovering that the building was not fortified against rocket attacks. Other charitable donations by Ellison include a $10 million donation to the Friends of the Israel Defense Forces in 2014, about which he said: \\\"In my mind, there is no greater honor than supporting some of the bravest people in the world ... These men and women come together with indefatigable purpose, to defend Israel and strive to co-exist in peace.\\\" In 2017, Ellison donated $16.6 million to the Friends of the Israel Defense Forces. His donation\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472723\",\n \"text\": \"literally true, but I don't. I see no evidence for this stuff.\\\" At age thirteen, Ellison refused to have a bar mitzvah celebration. Ellison says that his love affair with Israel is not connected to religious sentiments, but rather due to the innovative spirit of Israelis in the technology sector. Ellison left the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign after his second year, not taking his final exams, because his adoptive mother had just died. After spending a summer in Northern California, he attended the University of Chicago for one term, where he first encountered computer design. In 1966, aged 22,\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"298859\",\n \"text\": \"largest possible amount of software all at once. The sales people then booked the value of future license sales in the current quarter, thereby increasing their bonuses. This became a problem when the future sales subsequently failed to materialize. Oracle eventually had to restate its earnings twice, and also settled (out of court) class-action lawsuits arising from its having overstated its earnings. Ellison stated in 1992 that Oracle had made \\\"an incredible business mistake.\\\" In 1994, Informix overtook Sybase and became Oracle's most important rival. The intense war between Informix CEO Phil White and Ellison made front-page news in Silicon\",\n \"title\": \"Oracle Corporation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20689765\",\n \"text\": \"The Billionaire and the Mechanic The Billionaire and the Mechanic is a bestselling non-fiction book by Julian Guthrie about Oracle Team USA's quest to win the America's Cup, the oldest trophy in sport. The billionaire in question is Larry Ellison, founder and chairman of Oracle Corporation, and the car mechanic in question is Norbert Bajurin, the Commodore of the Golden Gate Yacht Club. The book covers the quest of Larry Ellison to win the America's Cup yachting trophy, his establishment of Oracle Team USA under the banner of the Golden Gate Yacht Club, and his various Cup campaigns, at the\",\n \"title\": \"The Billionaire and the Mechanic\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19221380\",\n \"text\": \"E. Strine Jr. wrote the opinion of the court. The Delaware Court held that the derivative claim, based on insider trading, against Oracle Corp CEO Larry Ellison could proceed. The director had personal ties, and so a decision by the board to reject the claim could not be conclusive. The decision set a high required standard for SLC independence. The question of independence, \\\"turns on whether a director is, \\\"for any substantial reason,\\\" incapable of making a decision with only the best interests of the corporation in mind.\\\"3 That is, the independence test ultimately \\\"focus[es] on impartiality and objectivity.\\\"4 In\",\n \"title\": \"In re Oracle Corp. Derivative Litigation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"298860\",\n \"text\": \"Valley for three years. Informix claimed that Oracle had hired away Informix engineers to disclose important trade secrets about an upcoming product. Informix finally dropped its lawsuit against Oracle in 1997. In November 2005, a book detailing the war between Oracle and Informix was published, titled \\\"The Real Story of Informix Software and Phil White\\\". It gave a detailed chronology of the battle of Informix against Oracle, and how Informix Software's CEO Phil White landed in jail because of his obsession with overtaking Ellison. Once it had overcome Informix and Sybase, Oracle Corporation enjoyed years of dominance in the database\",\n \"title\": \"Oracle Corporation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472733\",\n \"text\": \"worth of US $28 billion. On July 27, 2010, \\\"The Wall Street Journal\\\" reported that Ellison was the best-paid executive in the last decade, collecting a total compensation of US $1.84 billion. In September 2011, Ellison was listed on the \\\"Forbes\\\" list of billionaires as the fifth richest man in the world and was still the third richest American, with a net worth of about $36.5 billion. In September 2012, Ellison was again listed on the \\\"Forbes\\\" list of billionaires as the third richest American citizen, behind Bill Gates and Warren Buffett, with a net worth of $44 billion. In\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10057672\",\n \"text\": \"Willie Ellison William Henry Ellison (born November 1, 1945) is a former American football running back who played eight seasons in the National Football League for the Los Angeles Rams and the Kansas City Chiefs. Sporting #33, he spent his first four seasons in the NFL as backup behind Larry Smith, before taking over as starting tailback in 1971. On December 5, 1971 against the New Orleans Saints he rushed 26 times for 247 yards thus breaking Cookie Gilchrist's pro football record of 243 yards. The NFL record at the time was held by Jim Brown, who ran 237 against\",\n \"title\": \"Willie Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7737649\",\n \"text\": \"Ed Oates Edward A. \\\"Ed\\\" Oates (born 1946) is an American businessman. He co-founded Software Development Labs in August 1977 with Larry Ellison, and Bob Miner. Software Development Labs later became Oracle Corporation. Ed Oates graduated with a BA in mathematics from San Jose State University in 1968, and worked at Singer, the US Army Personnel Information Systems Command (PERSINSCOM) (drafted), Ampex, and Memorex before co-founding Oracle. After retiring from Oracle in 1996 Oates purchased a high-end home theater store, Audible Difference. Oates' clients included his ex-partner Larry Ellison and Steve Jobs. In 1999 he sold Audible Difference. Oates volunteers\",\n \"title\": \"Ed Oates\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5759406\",\n \"text\": \"E. F. Codd on the relational model for database management. IBM was slow to see the commercial value of Codd's relational database management system (RDBMS), allowing Miner and Ellison to beat them to the market. In the start-up days of Oracle Bob Miner was the lead engineer, programming the majority of Oracle Version 3 by himself. As head of engineering Bob Miner's management style was in stark contrast to Larry Ellison, who cultivated Oracle's hard-driving sales culture. Although he expected his engineers to produce, he did not agree with the demands laid upon them by Ellison. He thought it was\",\n \"title\": \"Bob Miner\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19221382\",\n \"text\": \"and Stanford are so substantial that they cause reasonable doubt about the SLC's ability to impartially consider whether the Trading Defendants should face suit. The case was subsequently settled. Ellison agreed to pay $100 million to charity to resolve the lawsuit. This provision allowed for one of the largest payments made to resolve a derivative shareholder suit and the first to settlement payment to go solely to charity. Some criticize the settlement as being to easy on Ellison and not providing damages to Oracle and its shareholders. In re Oracle Corp. Derivative Litigation In re Oracle Corp. Derivative Litigation, 824\",\n \"title\": \"In re Oracle Corp. Derivative Litigation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16919101\",\n \"text\": \"The rapid turnaround in the mid-90s, fueled by a new database technology, Oracle 7, and by Lane's organization of sales and services at the company, led to the rise of Oracle's business applications division. Apple founder Steve Jobs recalled that \\\"Larry told me that 15 minutes into the meeting, he knew Ray was the only guy he had met who was near smart enough to run Oracle.\\\" In 1996, Lane was named the president and chief operating officer of Oracle. Under his leadership, along with Larry Ellison and Jeff Henley, Oracle expanded from 7,500 to 40,000 employees, defeating its main\",\n \"title\": \"Raymond J. Lane\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7634193\",\n \"text\": \"December 7, 2017, effective on February 1, 2018. Catz is married to Gal Tirosh and has two sons, Scott and Gary. Safra Catz Safra A. Catz (Hebrew: צפרא כץ, born December 1, 1961) is an Israeli-born American business executive. She has been an executive at Oracle Corporation since April 1999, and a board member since 2001. In April 2011 she was named co-president and chief financial officer, reporting to founder/CTO Larry Ellison. On September 18, 2014 Oracle announced that Larry Ellison will step down as CEO and that Mark Hurd and Safra Catz have been named as the new CEOs.\",\n \"title\": \"Safra Catz\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7634188\",\n \"text\": \"Safra Catz Safra A. Catz (Hebrew: צפרא כץ, born December 1, 1961) is an Israeli-born American business executive. She has been an executive at Oracle Corporation since April 1999, and a board member since 2001. In April 2011 she was named co-president and chief financial officer, reporting to founder/CTO Larry Ellison. On September 18, 2014 Oracle announced that Larry Ellison will step down as CEO and that Mark Hurd and Safra Catz have been named as the new CEOs. Catz was born in Holon, Israel, to Jewish parents. Her father was an immigrant from Romania. She moved from Israel to\",\n \"title\": \"Safra Catz\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472743\",\n \"text\": \"formerly the summer home of the Astor family – in Newport, Rhode Island, for $10.5 million. In 2011 he purchased the 249-acre Porcupine Creek Estate and private golf course in Rancho Mirage, California, for $42.9 million. The property was formerly the home of Yellowstone Club founders Edra and Tim Blixseth, and was sold to Ellison by creditors following their divorce and bankruptcy. On June 21, 2012, the governor of Hawaii, Neil Abercrombie, declared that Ellison had signed an agreement to buy most of the island of Lanai from the Castle & Cooke company, owned by David H. Murdock. Following the\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472742\",\n \"text\": \"extensive seismic retrofit. In 2004 and 2005 he purchased more than 12 properties in Malibu, California, worth more than $180 million. The $65 million Ellison spent on five contiguous lots at Malibu's Carbon Beach made this the most costly residential transaction in United States history until Ron Perelman sold his Palm Beach, Florida compound for $70 million later that same year. His entertainment system cost $1 million, and includes a rock concert-sized video projector at one end of a drained swimming pool, using the gaping hole as a giant subwoofer. In early 2010, Ellison purchased the Astor's Beechwood Mansion –\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472738\",\n \"text\": \"Ellison had filed several legal challenges, through the Golden Gate Yacht Club, against the way that Ernesto Bertarelli (also one of the world's richest men) proposed to organize the 33rd America's Cup following the 2007 victory of Bertarelli's team Alinghi. The races were finally held in February 2010 in Valencia. In 2002, Ellison's Oracle's team introduced kite yachting into the American Cup environment. The kite traction flying lasted about 30 minutes in New Zealand. In 2010, Ellison ended his ownership of the eighth largest yacht in the world, named \\\"Rising Sun\\\". He sold his remaining shares in the yacht to\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4818871\",\n \"text\": \"September 6, 2010, Hurd was named president of Oracle Corporation alongside Safra A. Catz, succeeding former president Charles Phillips. Hurd was also appointed a member of the Oracle Corporation board of directors. Hurd and Catz were appointed by then-CEO Larry Ellison. Ellison hired Hurd based on his success and experience at Hewlett Packard: “Mark did a brilliant job at HP and I expect he’ll do even better at Oracle. There is no executive in the IT world with more relevant experience than Mark. Oracle’s future is engineering complete and integrated hardware and software systems for the enterprise. Mark pioneered the\",\n \"title\": \"Mark Hurd\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"672300\",\n \"text\": \"an interview with Larry Ellison in October 1995, Acorn Online Media Managing Director Malcolm Bird realised that Ellison's network computer was, basically, an Acorn set-top box. After initial discussions between Oracle Corporation and Olivetti, Hauser and Acorn a few weeks later, Bird was dispatched to San Francisco with Acorn's latest Set Top Box. Oracle had already talked seriously with computer manufacturers including Sun and Apple about the contract for putting together the NC blueprint machine; there were also rumours in the industry that said Oracle itself was working on the reference design. After Bird's visit to Oracle, Ellison visited Acorn\",\n \"title\": \"Acorn Computers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"298889\",\n \"text\": \"Cyberdyne Systems in the movie \\\"Terminator Genisys\\\" (2015). Oracle Corporation operates in multiple markets and has acquired several companies which formerly functioned autonomously. In some cases these provided the starting points for global business units (GBUs) targeting particular vertical markets. Oracle Corporation GBUs include: On October 20, 2006, the Golden State Warriors and the Oracle Corporation announced a 10-year agreement in which the Oakland Arena would become known as the Oracle Arena. Larry Ellison's sailing team competes as Oracle Team USA. The team has won the America's Cup twice, in 2010 (as BMW Oracle Racing) and in 2013. Sean Tucker's\",\n \"title\": \"Oracle Corporation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"298850\",\n \"text\": \"Ed Oates under the name Software Development Laboratories (SDL). Ellison took inspiration from the 1970 paper written by Edgar F. Codd on relational database management systems (RDBMS) named \\\"A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks.\\\" He heard about the IBM System R database from an article in the \\\"IBM Research Journal\\\" provided by Oates. Ellison wanted to make Oracle's product compatible with System R, but failed to do so as IBM kept the error codes for their DBMS a secret. SDL changed its name to Relational Software, Inc (RSI) in 1979, then again to Oracle Systems Corporation\",\n \"title\": \"Oracle Corporation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12981186\",\n \"text\": \"$20 billion. This allowed the company to expand into services of networking equipment and smartphones. Shares of HP dropped by 8.4% in after-hours trading, hitting a 52-week low with $9 billion in market capitalization shaved off. Larry Ellison publicly attacked HP's board for his ousting, stating that the HP board had \\\"made the worst personnel decision since the idiots on the Apple board fired Steve Jobs many years ago.\\\" On September 30, 2010, Léo Apotheker was named as HP's new CEO and President. Apotheker's appointment sparked a strong reaction from Oracle chief executive Larry Ellison, who complained that Apotheker had\",\n \"title\": \"Hewlett-Packard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20689769\",\n \"text\": \"Northern California bestsellers list. The work was optioned for a movie deal. An updated edition, \\\"\\\"The Billionaire and the Mechanic: How Larry Ellison and a Car Mechanic Teamed Up to Win Sailing's Greatest Race, the America's Cup, Twice\\\"\\\", was published in 2014 to cover the successful defense of the America's Cup in 2013. The book appeared on the New York Times best sellers list. Guthrie collaborated with David Ellison, son of Larry Ellison, and head of Skydance Productions, on the 2011-2013 film \\\"The Wind Gods\\\", a documentary on the 33rd America's Cup of 2010, where Oracle Team USA won the\",\n \"title\": \"The Billionaire and the Mechanic\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1472740\",\n \"text\": \"the city of San Jose, California, for violating its limits on late-night takeoffs and landings from San Jose Mineta International Airport by planes weighing more than 75,000 pounds (34,019 kg). In January 2000, Ellison sued over the interpretation of the airport rule, contending that his Gulfstream V aircraft \\\"is certified by the manufacturer to fly at two weights: 75,000 pounds, and at 90,000 pounds, for heavier loads or long flights requiring more fuel. But the pilot only lands the plane in San Jose when it weighs 75,000 pounds or less, and has the logs to prove it.\\\" US District Judge\",\n \"title\": \"Larry Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8711027\",\n \"text\": \"between 1949–50, and son of rugby coach Eddie Ellison. He is the older brother of Jacob Ellison, who plays for the Fukuoka Sanix Blues. He is related to former American Football player Riki Ellison who played in the NFL for the San Francisco 49ers and the Los Angeles Raiders and to current NFL player Rhett Ellison who plays for the New York Giants. He is also a descendent of Thomas Ellison, captain of New Zealand's first official rugby team in 1893 and a member of the New Zealand Natives football team which toured Great Britain and Australia in 1888–89. In\",\n \"title\": \"Tamati Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"103258\",\n \"text\": \"pushing IBM to develop a true production version of System R, known as \\\"SQL/DS\\\", and, later, \\\"Database 2\\\" (DB2). Larry Ellison's Oracle Database (or more simply, Oracle) started from a different chain, based on IBM's papers on System R. Though Oracle V1 implementations were completed in 1978, it wasn't until Oracle Version 2 when Ellison beat IBM to market in 1979. Stonebraker went on to apply the lessons from INGRES to develop a new database, Postgres, which is now known as PostgreSQL. PostgreSQL is often used for global mission critical applications (the .org and .info domain name registries use it\",\n \"title\": \"Database\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16478684\",\n \"text\": \"Super bowl winner Riki Ellison, a former USC and NFL linebacker. He is also of Ngāi Tahu descent and is the grandnephew of the first captain of the All Blacks, Thomas Ellison, who led New Zealand on their first tour to Australia in 1893. He is also related to current New Zealand rugby union players Jacob Ellison and Tamati Ellison. Ellison completed a bachelor's degree in international relations from USC and a master's degree in communication management. Ellison is married to fashion model Raina Hein, runner-up of season 14 of \\\"America's Next Top Model\\\", and they are the parents of\",\n \"title\": \"Rhett Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2753896\",\n \"text\": \"of current members is Oracle Corporation founder Larry Ellison. The Club entered the 2007 Louis Vuitton Cup, the America's Cup challenger selection series, represented by the \\\"BMW Oracle Racing\\\" team. \\\"BMW Oracle Racing\\\" were eliminated in the semi-finals. They challenged for the America's Cup in 2010 represented by the BMW Oracle Racing team and won a Deed of Gift match 2-0 against the Alinghi team representing Société Nautique de Genève becoming the first American yacht club to hold the cup since 1995. \\\"America's Cup Management\\\" announced on July 5, 2007 that the protocol for the 33rd America's Cup had been\",\n \"title\": \"Golden Gate Yacht Club\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6873266\",\n \"text\": \"to Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia with his father, Dan, who went on to become an economic advisor to the United Nations. Shortly thereafter, Ellison's parents divorced and he relocated with his mother to Los Angeles, where she remarried Dennis Gray. Ellison went to high school in Tucson, AZ. The Ellison family comes from a strong sporting background, he is related to professional rugby players Tamati Ellison and Jacob Ellison who both played in Super Rugby. Thomas Ellison, his great-uncle, played for the first New Zealand rugby team to play in Great Britain in 1888 and 1889, and captained the first New\",\n \"title\": \"Riki Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16171981\",\n \"text\": \"cricketing family. His great-grandfather, Henry Ellison, and uncle, Charles Ellison, both played first-class cricket and his father played 11 Tests and 14 One Day Internationals for England and made over 200 first-class appearances in a career which spanned 14 seasons in county cricket. Charlie Ellison Charles Peter Ellison (born 26 January 1991) is an English former university cricketer. Ellison played four first-class cricket matches for Oxford MCCU between 2011 and 2013 as a right-arm seam bowler. He was born at Canterbury in Kent in 1991 and attended Millfield School in Somerset. His father is Richard Ellison who played for Kent\",\n \"title\": \"Charlie Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16171980\",\n \"text\": \"Charlie Ellison Charles Peter Ellison (born 26 January 1991) is an English former university cricketer. Ellison played four first-class cricket matches for Oxford MCCU between 2011 and 2013 as a right-arm seam bowler. He was born at Canterbury in Kent in 1991 and attended Millfield School in Somerset. His father is Richard Ellison who played for Kent County Cricket Club and the England cricket team. Ellison played his first-class cricket whilst studying for a degree in sport and exercise science at Oxford Brookes University, He made his first-class debut for Oxford MCCU against Nottinghamshire in 2011. Ellison comes from a\",\n \"title\": \"Charlie Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13189903\",\n \"text\": \"Stark expo, Yevgeni Lazarev appears as Ivan Vanko's father Anton Vanko, Kate Mara portrays a U.S. Marshal who summons Tony to the government hearing, and Stan Lee appears as himself (but is mistaken for Larry King). Additionally, news anchor Christiane Amanpour and political commentator Bill O'Reilly play themselves in newscasts. Adam Goldstein appears as himself and the film is dedicated to his memory. Further cameos include Tesla Motors CEO Elon Musk and Oracle Corporation CEO Larry Ellison. Favreau's son Max appears as a child wearing an Iron Man mask whom Stark saves from a drone. This was retroactively made the\",\n \"title\": \"Iron Man 2\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7654392\",\n \"text\": \"Matt Ellison Matt Ellison (born December 8, 1983) is a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger who is currently playing for Metallurg Magnitogorsk in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). Drafted in the 2002 NHL Entry Draft by Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL), Ellison played for the Blackhawks minor teams with two stints in the NHL, before being traded in 2005 to the Philadelphia Flyers. After being traded to the Nashville Predators in 2007, Ellison played one season for the Predators AHL team before moving to play in Europe in 2008. Ellison has continued to play in the\",\n \"title\": \"Matt Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20538377\",\n \"text\": \"Sims Ellison Sims Ellison (March 10, 1967 – June 6, 1995) was an American guitarist, who played for Pariah. In 1995, Ellison took his own life due to depression about the music industry. Today there is a charity for local Austin musicians who suffer from mental health and suicidal issues called the Sims Foundation. Ellison was born into a San Antonio musical family. He and his brother Kyle formed a heavy metal band in high school called Pariah. After a few albums released with different record labels they signed with Geffen Records in 1991 recording their notable album To Mock\",\n \"title\": \"Sims Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8132191\",\n \"text\": \"Andy Ellison Andrew \\\"Andy\\\" Ellison is a musician and vocalist best known as the frontman in John's Children, Jet and Radio Stars. John's Children also featured Marc Bolan and Chris Townson. During the height of their popularity, Ellison carried a pillowcase stuffed with feathers, throwing them around the stage. On the group's (in)famous 1967 tour with The Who, Ellison threw feathers around the stage so much that Roger Daltrey could not sing. A song sung by Ellison, \\\"It's Been A Long Time,\\\" appears on the soundtrack - better known for its contributions from The Spencer Davis Group and Traffic -\",\n \"title\": \"Andy Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14866840\",\n \"text\": \"Like John, both of his wives were of Indian descent. At his death, Ellison provided for dividing his property, including over 60 slaves, between his surviving daughter Maria and two surviving sons. He bequeathed $500 to a slave daughter he had sold. There are differing views on who Willis and John Wilson Buckner were married to and their relationship to Ellison. Ellison family lore states that John Wilson Buckner was the grandson of Ellison. On March 27, 1863, John Wilson Buckner, William Ellison's oldest grandson, enlisted in the 1st South Carolina Artillery. William Ellison William Ellison Jr., born April Ellison\",\n \"title\": \"William Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7437720\",\n \"text\": \"Cup, Cayard recommended to the \\\"AmericaOne\\\" syndicate board of trustees that the syndicate should not compete for the 2003 America's Cup, citing significant financial and recruiting obstacles. Assets of AmericaOne were eventually sold to Larry Ellison who founded the Oracle Racing syndicate, later joining forces with BMW Racing to form Oracle BMW Racing, with Cayard as skipper. Cayard later was moved out of the skipper position into an administrative position and ultimately left the syndicate. In March 2007, Cayard was involved in the 2007 America's Cup as Technical Advisor to Desafio Espanol 2007. Cayard also commentated on the 2007 Louis\",\n \"title\": \"Paul Cayard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12067836\",\n \"text\": \"University of Wellington. He is a member of Ngati Porou. He is the younger brother of All Black Tamati Ellison and the grandson of the All Black Vincent Bevan. Jacob Ellison Jacob Ellison (born 25 February 1985 in Wellington, New Zealand) is a New Zealand rugby union footballer who plays for Fukuoka Sanix Blues in the Japanese Top League. He plays the position of prop. He has previously played for Wellington in the ITM Cup and the and in Super Rugby. Ellison made his Wellington debut in 2007 and his Hurricanes debut a year later. After four years with the\",\n \"title\": \"Jacob Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7976335\",\n \"text\": \"Keith Ellison Keith Maurice Ellison (born August 4, 1963) is an American politician and lawyer who is the Attorney General-elect of Minnesota. Ellison has been the U.S. Representative for since 2007 and the Deputy Chair of the Democratic National Committee since 2017. He is a member of the Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL), the Minnesota state Democratic Party affiliate. His district centers on Minneapolis and surrounding suburbs. He is a vice-chair of the Congressional Progressive Caucus and a Chief Deputy Whip, and also serves on the House Committee on Financial Services. Ellison was the first Muslim to be elected to the U.S.\",\n \"title\": \"Keith Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7654396\",\n \"text\": \"season. After three prolific seasons with Minsk, leading the club in scoring in his final two, Ellison left as a free agent to sign a lucrative two-year contract with larger Russian club, Metallurg Magnitogorsk, on June 7, 2017. Matt Ellison Matt Ellison (born December 8, 1983) is a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger who is currently playing for Metallurg Magnitogorsk in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). Drafted in the 2002 NHL Entry Draft by Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL), Ellison played for the Blackhawks minor teams with two stints in the NHL, before being traded in\",\n \"title\": \"Matt Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12354575\",\n \"text\": \"both editions of The World Games in 2013 and 2017, Ellison won the silver medal in the individual field recurve competition. Ellison appeared in an episode of the American-based TV show \\\"Mythbusters\\\", where he helped to test the myth of the Ancient Greek 'arrow machine gun' (a mythical device that could fire arrows in a way similar to modern machine guns). With Ellison's help, the myth was deemed \\\"plausible\\\". Brady Ellison Brady 'The Arizona Cowboy' Ellison (born October 27, 1988) is an American archer who competes in recurve archery. He is currently a Resident Athlete at the United States Olympic\",\n \"title\": \"Brady Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12067835\",\n \"text\": \"Jacob Ellison Jacob Ellison (born 25 February 1985 in Wellington, New Zealand) is a New Zealand rugby union footballer who plays for Fukuoka Sanix Blues in the Japanese Top League. He plays the position of prop. He has previously played for Wellington in the ITM Cup and the and in Super Rugby. Ellison made his Wellington debut in 2007 and his Hurricanes debut a year later. After four years with the Hurricanes, he played for the Highlanders in 2012. He was delisted at the end of the season after making only one competition appearance. Ellison is a graduate of Victoria\",\n \"title\": \"Jacob Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13908474\",\n \"text\": \"Michael D. Ellison Michael D. Ellison (aka MIKE-E, Mike Ellis, Michael Ellison) is an African American recording artist. He is well known for his slam poetry performances and his involvement with the Detroit Concert of Colors annual event. Ellison was born in Ethiopia to expatriate African American parents who lived and worked in Ethiopia's capital Addis Ababa. Ellison is noted for his slam poetry and hip-hop performances, which he performs under the name MIKE-E as well as with his group called AfroFlow. He has performed in several venues such as HBO's Def Poetry, for the National Football League, for Toyota,\",\n \"title\": \"Michael D. Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1316471\",\n \"text\": \"Murdock, as a result of his purchase of Castle & Cooke, then owner of Dole. In October 1992 the final harvest of pineapple took place on Lānai. In June 2012, Larry Ellison, then CEO of Oracle Corporation, purchased Castle & Cooke's 98 percent share of the island for $300 million. The state owns the remaining 2 percent. Ellison reportedly planned to invest as much as $500 million to add to and improve the island's infrastructure and to create an environmentally friendly agricultural industry. As of 2016, Ellison had spent an estimated $450 million to remodel his Four Seasons Resort Lanai\",\n \"title\": \"Lanai\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1284709\",\n \"text\": \"In December 1985, the first generation of nCUBE's hypercube machines were released. The second generation (N2) was launched in June 1989. The third generation (N3) was released in 1995. The fourth generation (N4) was released in 1999. In 1988, Larry Ellison invested heavily into nCUBE and became the company's majority share holder. The company's headquarters was relocated to Foster City, California to be closer to the Oracle Corporation. In 1994, Ronald Dilbeck became chief executive officer and set nCUBE on a fast track to an initial public offering. In 1996, Ellison downsized nCUBE and Dilbeck departed. Ellison took over as\",\n \"title\": \"NCUBE\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13221863\",\n \"text\": \"suite. PeopleSoft merged with Oracle in 2005 and integrated product lines under the Oracle PeopleSoft name. Features of Oracle’s Siebel CRM include: Oracle CRM Oracle CRM is customer relationship management delivered by Oracle Corporation. Oracle hired Mark Barrenechea in 1996, who formed a \\\"Front Office\\\" team within Oracle Application division in 1997. That team evolved into the CRM division of Oracle in 1998, and launched products like Oracle Sales Online, Oracle Marketing Online in the following years, competing with Siebel Systems and Salesforce.com. Oracle became a leading player in the CRM market following its acquisition of Siebel Systems in September\",\n \"title\": \"Oracle CRM\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8132193\",\n \"text\": \"Stars reformed for a one-off gig in London in 2008 to mark the release of their \\\"Something For the Weekend\\\" live release on Radiant Future Records. Andy Ellison Andrew \\\"Andy\\\" Ellison is a musician and vocalist best known as the frontman in John's Children, Jet and Radio Stars. John's Children also featured Marc Bolan and Chris Townson. During the height of their popularity, Ellison carried a pillowcase stuffed with feathers, throwing them around the stage. On the group's (in)famous 1967 tour with The Who, Ellison threw feathers around the stage so much that Roger Daltrey could not sing. A song\",\n \"title\": \"Andy Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4309149\",\n \"text\": \"Eddie Ellison Eddie Ellison was a retired English Detective Chief Superintendent of police who is famous for arguing for drug legalisation. He died from cancer on 29 January 2007. He continued to write and give presentations on policing and drug policy up to his death. Ellison spent two years as a Detective Sergeant at London's Heathrow Airport combatting drug smuggling with Her Majesty's Customs and Excise officers. He then spent two years working against drugs suppliers and distributors across London. Ellison returned to the Scotland Yard's Central Drug Squad as Detective Chief Inspector where he commanded the squad for three\",\n \"title\": \"Eddie Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14537766\",\n \"text\": \"vote by 9.1%. In October 2017 Ellison was appointed as Deputy Director-General for Corporate Operations at the World Health Organization. Ellison lives in Balham with her partner John, and enjoys and participates in music and walking. Jane Ellison Jane Elizabeth Ellison (born 15 August 1964) is a British Conservative Party politician, who was first elected at the 2010 general election as the Member of Parliament for Battersea. On 7 May 2015, she was re-elected with an increased margin of 3.4%. She lost the seat to Marsha de Cordova of the Labour Party at the 2017 snap general election. As of\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10057673\",\n \"text\": \"the Los Angeles Rams in 1957. Ellison was subsequently named NFL Offensive Player of the Week by the \\\"Associated Press\\\". Ellison went on to the Pro Bowl after the 1971 NFL season. He played college football at Texas Southern. Now he lives in Pearland, Tx working as a substitute teacher in the Pearland ISD area. Willie Ellison William Henry Ellison (born November 1, 1945) is a former American football running back who played eight seasons in the National Football League for the Los Angeles Rams and the Kansas City Chiefs. Sporting #33, he spent his first four seasons in the\",\n \"title\": \"Willie Ellison\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13221859\",\n \"text\": \"Oracle CRM Oracle CRM is customer relationship management delivered by Oracle Corporation. Oracle hired Mark Barrenechea in 1996, who formed a \\\"Front Office\\\" team within Oracle Application division in 1997. That team evolved into the CRM division of Oracle in 1998, and launched products like Oracle Sales Online, Oracle Marketing Online in the following years, competing with Siebel Systems and Salesforce.com. Oracle became a leading player in the CRM market following its acquisition of Siebel Systems in September 2006 and later acquired UpShot CRM which offered a more robust user interface than the legacy Siebel On Demand product. Today Oracle\",\n \"title\": \"Oracle CRM\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14414772\",\n \"text\": \"cable startup and got the best out of everybody.\\\" In July 2014, \\\"Forbes\\\" magazine named Simmons as one of 7 CEOs Who Took A Gamble and Scored. Included in the list are Bill Gates (Microsoft), Larry Page (Google), Steve Jobs (Apple), Larry Ellison (Oracle), Fred Smith (FedEx) and Karen Kaplan (Hill Holiday). \\\"He left his stable position at NBC Sports in 1979 to become president of a new cable sports network dubbed ESPN. In his three years there, he turned the upstart 24-hour sports network into a powerhouse in the TV industry.\\\" During Simmons time at ABC, NBC and ESPN,\",\n \"title\": \"Chet Simmons\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10605564\",\n \"text\": \"ten in New Zealand. After completion of the tour, Ellison continued to play for Poneke and Wellington. While playing with his club, Ellison implemented the use of a wing-forward and seven-man scrum positional system. It is not known exactly who invented the position of wing-forward, but Ellison claimed in \\\"The Art of Rugby Football\\\" that he had developed it; historian Greg Ryan claims the position was developed in northern England, and that Ellison only refined it after discovering it during the Natives' tour. The distinctive feature of wing-forward play was their role of feeding the ball into the scrum, and\",\n \"title\": \"Thomas Ellison\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["entrepreneur","businessperson","investor"],"string":"[\n \"entrepreneur\",\n \"businessperson\",\n \"investor\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":583,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"what state does obama come from?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"2826738","text":"Barack Obama Barack Hussein Obama II (; born August 4, 1961) is an American attorney and politician who served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the first African American to be elected to the presidency. He previously served as a United States Senator from Illinois (2005–2008). Obama was born in 1961 in Honolulu, Hawaii, two years after the territory was admitted to the Union as the 50th state. After graduating from Columbia University in 1983, he worked as a community organizer in Chicago. In 1988, he","title":"Barack Obama"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2826738\",\n \"text\": \"Barack Obama Barack Hussein Obama II (; born August 4, 1961) is an American attorney and politician who served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the first African American to be elected to the presidency. He previously served as a United States Senator from Illinois (2005–2008). Obama was born in 1961 in Honolulu, Hawaii, two years after the territory was admitted to the Union as the 50th state. After graduating from Columbia University in 1983, he worked as a community organizer in Chicago. In 1988, he\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"13810760","text":"What Kate Does \"What Kate Does\" is the 106th television episode of the American Broadcasting Company's \"Lost\" and third episode of the sixth season. It was written by executive producers Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz and directed in September 2009 by Paul Edwards. \"What Kate Does\" was first aired February 9, 2010, on ABC in the United States and on CTV in Canada. Kate Austen is the character on whom the episode is centered. In December 2007, Kate Austen chases after James \"Sawyer\" Ford (Josh Holloway), who escapes from the Others' captivity in the island's temple and is grieving over","title":"What Kate Does"},{"psg_id":"10945153","text":"What She Does Best What She Does Best is a studio album by country singer Lynn Anderson, released in 1988. It was her only album with Mercury records. Notable due to featuring her last charting single, \"What She Does Best\" did not chart and was commercially unsuccessful. It would be her last album for four years, as Anderson went into a brief retirement and officially retired from releasing singles. The singles from this disc were \"Under the Boardwalk\" (a cover version of The Drifters' hit), \"What He Does Best\", and \"How Many Hearts\". \"Under the Boardwalk\" reached No. 24; the","title":"What She Does Best"},{"psg_id":"13810767","text":"reviews\"; however, this was down significantly from the previous episode's 89 and Bonnie Covel of About.com noted that \" 'What Kate Does' brought us a bit of negativity. In general, fans just didn't like the episode\". \"What Kate Does\" was largely considered to be a step down from the season premiere in pacing, revelations and writing; Mike Hale of \"The New York Times\" described the episode as \"contemplative\", \"anticlimactic\" and \"subdued\" and the flash sideways as \"kind of boring and seemingly pointless.\" Chris Carabott of IGN, who gave the episode a score of 7.3 summed up that \" 'What Kate","title":"What Kate Does"},{"psg_id":"13810778","text":"week.\" VanDerWerff of the \"LA Times\", Ryan of the \"Chicago Tribune\", Sepinwall of \"The Star-Ledger\", Jensen of \"Entertainment Weekly\" and Mark Medley of the \"National Post\" also found the episode to contain humorous lines. This episode was watched by 11 million American viewers and 1.57 million Canadian viewers. What Kate Does \"What Kate Does\" is the 106th television episode of the American Broadcasting Company's \"Lost\" and third episode of the sixth season. It was written by executive producers Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz and directed in September 2009 by Paul Edwards. \"What Kate Does\" was first aired February 9, 2010,","title":"What Kate Does"},{"psg_id":"12223544","text":"News & World Report\" article \"A shining star named Obama. How a most unlikely politician became a darling of the Democrats\" reported that \"what was once a long-shot campaign by an obscure state senator with a funny name ... ha[d] come to resemble a runaway freight train,\" with Obama, the lead guest on \"Meet the Press\", being asked by Tim Russert about comments in Ryan Lizza's \"The Atlantic\" article \"The Natural. Why is Barack Obama generating more excitement among Democrats than John Kerry?\" In contrast, Eli Saslow's August 2008 \"Washington Post\" article \"The 17 Minutes That Launched a Political Star\"","title":"Public image of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"10945154","text":"other singles charted far outside the Top 40. \"How Many Hearts\" was the last single Anderson released, and it peaked at No. 69 on the country charts in 1989. The album's cover shows Anderson leaning on a fancy sports car, wearing a classic 1980s outfit. What She Does Best What She Does Best is a studio album by country singer Lynn Anderson, released in 1988. It was her only album with Mercury records. Notable due to featuring her last charting single, \"What She Does Best\" did not chart and was commercially unsuccessful. It would be her last album for four","title":"What She Does Best"},{"psg_id":"18931709","text":"studio album, that was released on June 12, 2012. Come What May (band) Come What May is an American rock band and they primarily play melodic hardcore and melodic metalcore. They are from Athens, Georgia. The band started making music in 2009. The band released a studio album, \"Strange Dialect\", in 2012 with The Cadence Music Group. Come What May is a hardcore and metal band from Athens, Georgia. Their members are vocalist and guitarist, Joey Hreha, vocalist and keyboardist, Timothy Watts, guitarist, Evan Cerwonka, bassists, Garrett Lennox, and drummer, Patrick Farace. The band commenced as a musical entity in","title":"Come What May (band)"},{"psg_id":"18931708","text":"Come What May (band) Come What May is an American rock band and they primarily play melodic hardcore and melodic metalcore. They are from Athens, Georgia. The band started making music in 2009. The band released a studio album, \"Strange Dialect\", in 2012 with The Cadence Music Group. Come What May is a hardcore and metal band from Athens, Georgia. Their members are vocalist and guitarist, Joey Hreha, vocalist and keyboardist, Timothy Watts, guitarist, Evan Cerwonka, bassists, Garrett Lennox, and drummer, Patrick Farace. The band commenced as a musical entity in May 2009, with their first release, \"Strange Dialect\", a","title":"Come What May (band)"},{"psg_id":"9926463","text":"was first used on the song \"Rock 'N' Roll\" which later became \"You'll Be Under My Wheels\". The second time they used it is from a song called \"Lyrical Terrorist\" which later became \"Serial Thrilla\", but it was soon used on the album \"The Day Is My Enemy\". P.S.K. What Does It Mean? \"P.S.K. What Does It Mean?\" (also written as \"P.S.K. (What Does It Mean?)\") is a song released in 1985 by Philadelphia rapper Schoolly D on his independent label Schoolly D Records. P.S.K. is the abbreviation for Park Side Killas, a street gang with which Schoolly D was","title":"P.S.K. What Does It Mean?"},{"psg_id":"8050855","text":"of its icy church keyboards and delay-ridden guitars\". Chris Jenkins, in the book \"The Rough Guide to Rock\", however, called it \"as half-baked as its title\". What Does Anything Mean? Basically What Does Anything Mean? Basically is the second studio album by English post-punk band the Chameleons. It was recorded in January 1985 and released 1 October 1985 by record label Statik. One single was released from the album: \"Singing Rule Britannia (While the Walls Close In)\". \"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\" was recorded in January 1985 at Highland Studios in Inverness, Scotland. The album's sole single, \"Singing Rule Britannia","title":"What Does Anything Mean? Basically"},{"psg_id":"8050853","text":"What Does Anything Mean? Basically What Does Anything Mean? Basically is the second studio album by English post-punk band the Chameleons. It was recorded in January 1985 and released 1 October 1985 by record label Statik. One single was released from the album: \"Singing Rule Britannia (While the Walls Close In)\". \"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\" was recorded in January 1985 at Highland Studios in Inverness, Scotland. The album's sole single, \"Singing Rule Britannia (While the Walls Close In)\", was released on 1 August 1985. This song used uncredited Lennon-McCartney lyrics, with the final passage of the song quoting key","title":"What Does Anything Mean? Basically"},{"psg_id":"7552395","text":"from a promising talent\". \"Come What(ever) May\" sold over 80,000 copies in its first week and entered the \"Billboard\" 200 chart in the United Statesat at #4, and went on to be certified gold in the UK, Canada and the United States. In 2007, the single \"30/30-150\" was nominated for Best Metal Performance at the 49th Grammy Awards. All lyrics written by Corey Taylor and composed by Stone Sour (Except \"Wicked Game\"). Stone Sour Guest musicians Technical personnel Art personnel Bonus DVD credits Come What(ever) May Come What(ever) May is the second studio album by American Rock band Stone Sour.","title":"Come What(ever) May"},{"psg_id":"8022598","text":"What Dreams May Come What Dreams May Come is a 1978 novel by Richard Matheson. The plot centers on Chris, a man who dies then goes to Heaven, but descends into Hell to rescue his wife. It was adapted in 1998 into the Academy Award-winning film \"What Dreams May Come\" starring Robin Williams, Cuba Gooding, Jr., and Annabella Sciorra. Matheson stated in an interview, \"I think \"What Dreams May Come\" is the most important (read effective) book I've written. It has caused a number of readers to lose their fear of death – the finest tribute any writer could receive.\"","title":"What Dreams May Come"},{"psg_id":"164904","text":"Hold come what may Hold come what may is a phrase popularized by logician Willard Van Orman Quine. Beliefs that are \"held come what may\" are beliefs one is unwilling to give up, regardless of any evidence with which one might be presented. Quine held (on a perhaps simplistic construal) that there are no beliefs that one ought to hold come what may—in other words, that all beliefs are rationally revisable (\"no statement is immune to revision\"), and compared this to the simplification of quantum mechanics. Many philosophers argue to the contrary, believing that, for example, the laws of thought","title":"Hold come what may"},{"psg_id":"19980606","text":"What Does the K Stand For? What Does the K Stand For? is a BBC Radio Four sitcom series based on the experiences of comedian Stephen K. Amos growing up as a teenager in south London in the 1980s. The broadcast of the first series began in November 2013; the third series commenced in January 2017. Reviewing Series 1, Episode 1 for \"Radio Times\", Tristram Fane Saunders found the show suited Amos \"down to the ground; there's a touch of \"Seinfeld\" about \"What Does the K Stand for?\" in the way it flows from stand up into a deliciously awkward","title":"What Does the K Stand For?"},{"psg_id":"9926460","text":"P.S.K. What Does It Mean? \"P.S.K. What Does It Mean?\" (also written as \"P.S.K. (What Does It Mean?)\") is a song released in 1985 by Philadelphia rapper Schoolly D on his independent label Schoolly D Records. P.S.K. is the abbreviation for Park Side Killas, a street gang with which Schoolly D was affiliated. The highly influential song is considered the first hardcore rap song and features incidents of graphic sex, gunplay, drug references and one of the first uses of the word \"nigga\" in a rap song (earlier uses include \"Scoopy Rap\" and \"Family Rap\" in 1979, and \"New York","title":"P.S.K. What Does It Mean?"},{"psg_id":"8014933","text":"and the covers featuring Morrissey are now very rare and collectible. \"What Difference Does It Make?\" was released without an accompanying music video. Speaking to Tony Fletcher on \"The Tube\" in 1984, Morrissey remarked that he felt that the video market was something that was going to \"die very quickly\", and that he wanted to \"herald the death\" of it. What Difference Does It Make? \"What Difference Does It Make?\" is a song by the English rock band the Smiths, written by singer Morrissey and guitarist Johnny Marr. It was the band's third single and is featured on their debut","title":"What Difference Does It Make?"},{"psg_id":"8014931","text":"What Difference Does It Make? \"What Difference Does It Make?\" is a song by the English rock band the Smiths, written by singer Morrissey and guitarist Johnny Marr. It was the band's third single and is featured on their debut album, \"The Smiths\". A different version, recorded for the John Peel Show on BBC Radio 1, is included in the compilation album \"Hatful of Hollow\". The song was one of the band's first significant chart hits, peaking at No. 12 in the UK Singles Chart. However, Morrissey has said \"What Difference Does It Make?\" is among his least favourite songs","title":"What Difference Does It Make?"},{"psg_id":"16663178","text":"the bomb that Slater set explodes, badly burning one of them. \"What Does The Bee Do?\" is a children's poem from the late 1800s by Christina Rossetti. Margaret Schroeder's daughter recites it in the episode. \"IGN\" gave the episode a score of 8.5 out of 10, saying that it \"effortlessly hits that sweet spot between advancing the plot while developing characters, much in the same way that the Season 2 premiere did.\" \"The A.V. Club\" rated the episode an \"A-\". The episode was watched by 2.546 million viewers. It fell two tenths, to 1.0 million adults 18-49 rating. What Does","title":"What Does the Bee Do?"},{"psg_id":"16663175","text":"What Does the Bee Do? \"What Does the Bee Do?\" is the fourth episode of the second season of the HBO television series \"Boardwalk Empire\", and 16th episode overall. First aired on October 16, 2011, it was written by executive story editor Steve Kornacki and directed by Ed Bianchi. Nucky looks to Rothstein for a port to receive alcohol, since the Coast Guard is blockading Atlantic City. Rothstein instructs Lansky and Luciano to oversee the Philadelphia delivery. Nucky also sends Owen Sleater to bomb Doyle's still. Margaret asks for 'money for the children' from Nucky, which she proceeds to hide","title":"What Does the Bee Do?"},{"psg_id":"8022617","text":"1978, USA, Putnam Pub Group, , September 1978, Hardcover 1998, USA, Tor Books, , October 1998, Paperback 1998, USA, Gauntlet Press 20th Anniversary Edition Limited Edition, 2004, USA, Tor Books, , January 2004, Paperback What Dreams May Come What Dreams May Come is a 1978 novel by Richard Matheson. The plot centers on Chris, a man who dies then goes to Heaven, but descends into Hell to rescue his wife. It was adapted in 1998 into the Academy Award-winning film \"What Dreams May Come\" starring Robin Williams, Cuba Gooding, Jr., and Annabella Sciorra. Matheson stated in an interview, \"I think","title":"What Dreams May Come"},{"psg_id":"164906","text":"such central portions of the web of beliefs would have immense, ramifying consequences, and affect many other beliefs. It is better to alter auxiliary beliefs around the edges of the web of beliefs (considered to be sense beliefs, rather than main beliefs) in the face of new evidence unfriendly to one's central principles. Thus, while one might agree that there is no belief one can hold come what may, there are some for which there is ample practical ground to \"hold more stubbornly at least\". Hold come what may Hold come what may is a phrase popularized by logician Willard","title":"Hold come what may"},{"psg_id":"13810761","text":"the death of his love Juliet Burke (Elizabeth Mitchell) just hours earlier. In flash sideways to September 22, 2004, Kate assists a pregnant Claire Littleton (Emilie de Ravin) while on the run as a fugitive. The title alludes to the second season episode \"What Kate Did\". \"What Kate Does\" was watched by eleven million Americans and received mixed reviews by audiences and critics alike. In flash sideways, Kate Austen (Evangeline Lilly) flees LAX in a taxicab she has hijacked, in which a pregnant Claire Littleton (Emilie de Ravin) is a passenger. The cab driver (David H. Lawrence XVII) bails and","title":"What Kate Does"},{"psg_id":"7552384","text":"\"Come What(ever) May\" concluded. A month later, Mayorga joined Stone Sour full-time . In March 2006, it was announce that \"Come What May,\" would be released on July 18, 2006. However, the release date for the album was pushed back until August 22. Because of the delay, Stone Sour released a music video for the track \"Reborn\", which had footage of the band working on the album in the studio. The album's cover artwork was released online on May 20, 2006. Shortly after, it was confirmed by a representative from the band's record label, Roadrunner, that the release date had","title":"Come What(ever) May"},{"psg_id":"19980608","text":"feel less like real people than excuses to weave in a few good dad jokes\". Overall, Elan found, \"What lifts the show are the elements of diaspora life weaved throughout, as when Aunty Princess visits from Nigeria and accuses Virginia [Stephen's mother] of cultural betrayal ('You have adopted too many fine and fancy British ways'). Stephen defends the family by suggesting she should 'go back home', prompting him to reflect that he has turned into his own racist enemy. It's unexpectedly thoughtful stuff, suggesting the third series may be even better.\" What Does the K Stand For? What Does the","title":"What Does the K Stand For?"},{"psg_id":"12332718","text":"address what he sees as two wrong ways of considering Obama as a presidential candidate. The author wanted to counter those, including those in the news media, who look on Obama uncritically, and to do so in a way different from those who \"are smearing him on the Internet for supposedly being a secret Muslim or supposedly not saluting the flag\". The book harshly criticizes Obama over policy matters, according to Ben Smith, a writer at \"The Politico\". For the most part, the book is drawn from published sources, although Freddoso does some original reporting. The first press run of","title":"The Case Against Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"2810341","text":"Boston, acquired it from the Marie Harriman Gallery on 16 April 1936. Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? is a painting by French artist Paul Gauguin. Gauguin inscribed the original French title in the upper left corner: D'où Venons Nous / Que Sommes Nous / Où Allons Nous. The inscription the artist wrote on his canvas has no question mark, no dash, and all words are capitalized. In the upper right corner he signed and dated the painting: \"P. Gauguin / 1897\".","title":"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?"},{"psg_id":"7552394","text":"misdirected, and stonewalled\". A particular point of interest for reviewers was how \"Come What(ever) May\" is more melodic than the band's previous album \"Stone Sour\". Melchor of \"411mania\" said the album is \"much more liberal with the balladry and acoustic sounds than its predecessor\"; of the track \"Sillyworld\" he said, \"It sounds like what Nickelback could be if Chad Kroeger could write a good melody.\" In his review, Chad Bower labeled \"Come What(ever) May\" as a \"very melodic and accessible album\" writing that \"it has a little something for everyone\". Similarly, Megan Frye praised the album as an \"unyielding effort","title":"Come What(ever) May"},{"psg_id":"6977539","text":"Come What May (2001 song) \"Come What May\" is a song composed by David Baerwald and Kevin Gilbert, originally intended for the film \"William Shakespeare's Romeo + Juliet\". However, it was first heard publicly, and is best known as the romantic love theme from Baz Luhrmann's 2001 film \"Moulin Rouge!\", where it is sung by Ewan McGregor and Nicole Kidman in their respective roles as Christian and Satine. The song takes its title from a phrase that originates from Shakespeare's \"Macbeth\". The song plays an important role in the film. When the forbidden strong and close romantic relationship between Christian","title":"Come What May (2001 song)"},{"psg_id":"2810334","text":"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? is a painting by French artist Paul Gauguin. Gauguin inscribed the original French title in the upper left corner: D'où Venons Nous / Que Sommes Nous / Où Allons Nous. The inscription the artist wrote on his canvas has no question mark, no dash, and all words are capitalized. In the upper right corner he signed and dated the painting: \"P. Gauguin / 1897\". The painting was created in Tahiti, and is in the Museum of","title":"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?"},{"psg_id":"13018642","text":"of first-hand news coverage of Obama lent the book \"both an insider's perspective and a journalist's shrewd critical eye, and the portrait that he paints of Obama is more comprehensive than any previous treatment of this remarkable man\". In February 2008, \"Obama: From Promise to Power\" won an NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Literary Work in the Biography/Autobiography category. Obama: From Promise to Power Obama: From Promise to Power is a 2007 political biography, written by David Mendell, of Barack Obama from his childhood to the announcement of his candidacy for president of the United States. The book focuses on","title":"Obama: From Promise to Power"},{"psg_id":"8050854","text":"lyrics of the Beatles song \"She Said, She Said\". \"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\" was released 1 October 1985 on record label Statik. \"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\" has been generally well received by critics. In his retrospective review, Ned Raggett of AllMusic called it \"[a] rarity of sophomore albums, something that at once made the band all the more unique in its sound while avoiding a repetition of earlier work. [...] an astounding record.\" \"Trouser Press\" called it \"even better\" than \"Script of the Bridge\", \"with much stronger production underscoring both the band's direct power and the ghostly atmospherics","title":"What Does Anything Mean? Basically"},{"psg_id":"16766540","text":"numbers in 2013 and 2014,\" said George Little, the Pentagon spokesman. \"What is true is that in June 2011 the president made clear that our forces would continue to come home at a steady pace as we transition to an Afghan lead for security. That it still the case.\" During the 2013 State of the Union Address, Obama said that the U.S. military will reduce the troop level in Afghanistan from 68,000 to 34,000 US troops by February 2014. According to an unnamed U.S. official Obama made his decision \"based on the recommendations of the military and his national security","title":"Withdrawal of U.S. troops from Afghanistan"},{"psg_id":"6977542","text":"Motion Picture, where it lost to Sting's \"Until\" from \"Kate and Leopold\". However, it was ineligible for a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Song because it was originally written with another film in mind: Luhrmann's previous project, \"William Shakespeare's Romeo + Juliet\". The song was ranked on the AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs at number 85. UK CD Single Come What May (2001 song) \"Come What May\" is a song composed by David Baerwald and Kevin Gilbert, originally intended for the film \"William Shakespeare's Romeo + Juliet\". However, it was first heard publicly, and is best known as the","title":"Come What May (2001 song)"},{"psg_id":"3196941","text":"Movies\", gave the film a \"BOMB\" rating, describing it as being \"off-putting gobbledygook.\" What Dreams May Come (film) What Dreams May Come is a 1998 American fantasy drama film, starring Robin Williams and Cuba Gooding Jr. The film is based on the 1978 novel of the same name by Richard Matheson, and was directed by Vincent Ward. It won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects and the Art Directors Guild Award for Excellence in Production Design. It was also nominated for the Academy Award for Best Art Direction. The title is from a line in \"Hamlet\"s \"To be, or","title":"What Dreams May Come (film)"},{"psg_id":"3196922","text":"What Dreams May Come (film) What Dreams May Come is a 1998 American fantasy drama film, starring Robin Williams and Cuba Gooding Jr. The film is based on the 1978 novel of the same name by Richard Matheson, and was directed by Vincent Ward. It won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects and the Art Directors Guild Award for Excellence in Production Design. It was also nominated for the Academy Award for Best Art Direction. The title is from a line in \"Hamlet\"s \"To be, or not to be\" soliloquy. While vacationing in Switzerland, pediatrician Chris Nielsen (Robin Williams)","title":"What Dreams May Come (film)"},{"psg_id":"18900387","text":"from prison and abandoned in the deserted city. Hans manages to flee the city, accompanied by a Scottish officer, Percy, whose entire unit died under German bullets. These two will travel together. Hans seeking to recover his son who fled the village, Percy hoping to reach the sea, and find a boat back to England. \"En mai, fais ce qu'il te plaît\" was produced by Nord Ouest films and Pathé. Come What May (2015 film) Come What May (original title: En mai, fais ce qu'il te plaît; also titled Darling Buds of May) is a 2015 French historical drama film","title":"Come What May (2015 film)"},{"psg_id":"13810777","text":"that it by no means compared to \"LA X\", but stated that it \"contain[ed] scenes of incredible beauty, based on character work and stakes earned over five seasons [that] made it a fine, if imperfect, hour.\" McGee also commented that the scene in which Claire arrives at the hospital and is helped by Ethan as \"freakin' outstanding\" and called \"What Kate Does\" \"one of the funniest in the show's history. Aldo, Hurley, and Miles all got off plenty of zingers, which will be necessary in a season in which both mythological and dramatic stakes are raising higher and higher each","title":"What Kate Does"},{"psg_id":"13810770","text":"doesn't quite know how to write a woman of action who's also in love … many of the show's Kate flashbacks are just plain silly … there have been a lot of pretty dire Kate episodes.\" Whitney Matheson of \"USA Today\" said that she \"wanted to stab Kate with a hot poker\" after watching \"What Kate Does\". Josh Holloway's supporting performance as a grieving Sawyer was commended by Carabott of IGN, who said that his acting on the dock as he cried and revealed to Kate that he was going to ask Juliet to marry him was \"one of Josh","title":"What Kate Does"},{"psg_id":"13810766","text":"had hidden and later talks with Kate at Dharma's dock. He explains that he planned to propose to Juliet and that he blames himself for her death, saying that he convinced her to stay on the island with him because he was lonely. Meanwhile, Jin is caught by the Others, who want to kill him instead of taking him back. Suddenly, someone shoots them and Jin is shocked to see that the shooter is Claire. The episode has received mixed reviews. Critical review aggregate website Metacritic awarded \"What Kate Does\" a score of 64 out of 100, indicating \"generally favorable","title":"What Kate Does"},{"psg_id":"7552378","text":"Come What(ever) May Come What(ever) May is the second studio album by American Rock band Stone Sour. It was recorded and produced by the band and Nick Raskulinecz at Studio 606 in Los Angeles, California, and was released on August 1, 2006, by Roadrunner Records. Writing for the album began as early as 2003 when vocalist Corey Taylor and guitarist James Root were writing material for their other band, Slipknot. In January 2006, Stone Sour began recording their second album, during which time drummer Joel Ekman left the band because of family constraints. He was eventually replaced by ex-Soulfly drummer","title":"Come What(ever) May"},{"psg_id":"19389545","text":"feature film adaptation of the musical, with Sankoff and Hein writing the script and Christopher Ashley as director. Come from Away Come from Away is a musical with book, music and lyrics by Irene Sankoff and David Hein. It is set in the week following the September 11 attacks and tells the true story of what transpired when 38 planes were ordered to land unexpectedly in the small town of Gander, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada as part of Operation Yellow Ribbon. The characters in the musical are based on (and in most cases share the names of) real Gander residents","title":"Come from Away"},{"psg_id":"19389543","text":"New Yorker must see this show\", referring to the musical as \"Broadway's biggest and best surprise of the season.\" Peter Marks of \"The Washington Post\" called the show \"an effervescent musical\" and \"an antidote for what ails the American soul.\" Michael Dale of \"Broadway World\" called the show an \"inspiring, funny and kick-ass beautiful new musical\" and went on to say that \"as long as 'Come From Away' is playing on Broadway, I will recommend it to everyone. Everyone.\" Steven Suskin, drama critic for \"The Huffington Post\", wrote that \"'Come From Away' is altogether different and altogether gripping, [...] brave","title":"Come from Away"},{"psg_id":"19389522","text":"Come from Away Come from Away is a musical with book, music and lyrics by Irene Sankoff and David Hein. It is set in the week following the September 11 attacks and tells the true story of what transpired when 38 planes were ordered to land unexpectedly in the small town of Gander, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada as part of Operation Yellow Ribbon. The characters in the musical are based on (and in most cases share the names of) real Gander residents as well as some of the 7,000 stranded travelers they housed and fed. The musical has been received","title":"Come from Away"},{"psg_id":"7552391","text":"heavy\" while others are \"soaring and triumphant\" with the production of Raskulinecz helping to balance the album's heaviness with its radio-accessibility. \"Come What(ever) May\"s lyrics include themes of \"pain, pleasure, happiness, and grief\". The diversity in subjects is evident throughout the album; songs including \"Come What(ever) May\" were politically influenced while the track \"Socio\" is about \"social anxiety attacks\" that Taylor suffered. \"Zzyzx Rd\" is a love song written to Taylor's wife for helping him in his struggles against alcoholism and contemplation of suicide. \"I've never written anything like that before, but it was very important for me to tell","title":"Come What(ever) May"},{"psg_id":"13018638","text":"Obama: From Promise to Power Obama: From Promise to Power is a 2007 political biography, written by David Mendell, of Barack Obama from his childhood to the announcement of his candidacy for president of the United States. The book focuses on Obama's fast rise from obscurity to the national stage, portraying it not as an unplanned phenomenon but rather as the result of a carefully crafted and calculated plan by an ambitious man. Mendell, a \"Chicago Tribune\" reporter, had covered Obama since the beginning of his campaign for the U.S. Senate in Illinois. The book utilizes both first-hand research (from","title":"Obama: From Promise to Power"},{"psg_id":"19095970","text":"What Does It Take (Dave Days song) \"What Does It Take\" is a song by American singer Dave Days. It served as the third and final single from his 2010 EP \"Dinner and a Movie\". It is one of Dave's most recognizable songs, and was also played on Disney Channel's So Random!. The song's music video is set in a high school, where Dave realizes he has gotten the lead part in the school play. Amanda Lynn (Days' interest in the video) sees she has gotten the second lead, and runs to her boyfriend, who ignores her. Days and Lynn","title":"What Does It Take (Dave Days song)"},{"psg_id":"13018641","text":"before speaking at the 2004 Democratic National Convention. Tim Russert, host of NBC's \"Meet the Press\", was particularly impressed with Mendell's frank assessments of Obama's flaws and ambition, such as: \"What the public has yet to see clearly is his hidden side, his imperious, mercurial, self-righteous, and sometimes prickly nature, each quality exacerbated by the enormous career pressures that he has inflicted upon himself.\" A WLS-TV review of \"Obama: From Promise to Power\" said the book \"carries with it a certain oral history-style wholeness,\" due to the variety of people profiled from Obama's life. The review said Mendell's long history","title":"Obama: From Promise to Power"},{"psg_id":"16892962","text":"President Barack Obama stressed the need for the political leaders of America to act in common cause. The president argued that \"now decisions are upon us and we cannot afford delay.\" Obama also made what appeared to be an oblique reference to the partisan battles between himself, the Republican-controlled House and the Senate - where Democrats have control but do not have a filibuster-proof majority. In reference to the unalienable rights of Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness Obama declared in the context of the partisan battles that \"[b]eing true to our founding documents does not require us to","title":"Second inauguration of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"7552390","text":"iTunes, entitled \"Live in Moscow\". In an interview with MTV in 2006, vocalist Taylor said that \"Come What(ever) May\" was a return to the roots of the band, stating it is \"a lot more from the spirit of what the band started with in 1992\". He noted that some songs were \"very atmospheric\" while others maintained \"the hard rock and the heavy stuff\". Jon Wiederhorn of MTV said that \"for every thrash riff there's a tunefully grungy passage, for every flailing guitar line there's a rock-radio hook.\" When talking about the track \"30/30-150\", he said parts are \"bludgeoning, barbed and","title":"Come What(ever) May"},{"psg_id":"3703477","text":"began a similar copycat advertising campaign in Ireland stating that its product \"does exactly what it says on the tube\". The phrase is a registered trademark of the Sherwin-Williams Company, the owner of Ronseal, across the European Community for products including paints, varnishes, and wood preservatives (E3085826). In 2007, a song titled \"What It Says on the Tin\" was released by the British singer Katie Melua. Although the song is about relationships, the phrase has a similar meaning. Does exactly what it says on the tin \"It does exactly what it says on the tin\" was originally an advertising slogan","title":"Does exactly what it says on the tin"},{"psg_id":"19389538","text":"the rescue efforts. (\"Something's Missing\"). Ten years later, the crew and passengers (the \"come from away\") of the once stranded planes reunite in Gander, this time by choice, to celebrate the lifelong friendships and strong connections they formed in spite of the terrorist attacks (\"Finale\"). As Claude the mayor professes, \"Tonight we honour what was lost, but we also commemorate what we found.\" The music contains \"rock, folk and Gaelic-sounding strains, performed by an onstage band.\" Jay Irwin with \"Broadway World\" called the production \"emotionally transcendent\" and \"the best musical I've seen all year and possibly ever.\" David Gerson with","title":"Come from Away"},{"psg_id":"13731192","text":"of \"What We All Come to Need\", leading to some frustration in the members who wanted to not burn out. The album was recorded in three weeks during the summer of 2009 with a generous recording budget from Southern Lord Records, the group's new label after leaving Hydra Head Records. The inspiration of a new setting and label, though, wasn't enough to offset the band's fatigue. According to guitarist Trevor de Brauw, the tour leading up to \"What We All Come to Need\", the recording of the album, and the tour following the album made up Pelican's darkest times. De","title":"What We All Come to Need"},{"psg_id":"13707217","text":"What Dreams May Come (1983 novel) What Dreams May Come is a novel by American author Manly Wade Wellman. It is the second of three books featuring supernatural investigator John Thunstone. The book derives its title from a line in Hamlet's famous \"To be, or not to be...\" soliloquy. The character of John Thunstone had previously appeared in a series of short stories by Wellman. Originally published in popular pulp magazines of the day, several of them were collected and reprinted in an anthology, \"Lonely Vigils\". Wellman decided to follow the anthology with the character's first book-length adventure. In his","title":"What Dreams May Come (1983 novel)"},{"psg_id":"17544507","text":"neighborhood in Edwards Landing, Leesburg, Virginia, who every Halloween creates an LED light show with a hit song. This song appears in \"Just Dance 2015\". This song for Leicester City title song parody \"What do the Foxes Say?\" in 442oons video. !scope=\"col\" colspan=\"3\"| Streaming Note: The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?) \"The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?)\" is an electronic dance novelty song and viral video by Norwegian comedy duo Ylvis. The top trending video of 2013 on YouTube, \"The Fox\" was posted on the video-sharing website on 3 September 2013, and has received over 800 million views","title":"The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?)"},{"psg_id":"13519959","text":"G (with Ellis Hall on vocals) covered this tune on his 1986 album \"Duotones\". What Does It Take (To Win Your Love) \"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)\" is a 1968 song that was a 1969 hit single by Jr. Walker & The All Stars. The single was one of Jr. Walker's most successful releases, becoming a hit on both the R&B and pop singles charts. \"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love),\" written by Johnny Bristol, Harvey Fuqua, and Vernon Bullock, made it into the top five on the Hot 100, and became Jr. Walker's second","title":"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)"},{"psg_id":"13519957","text":"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love) \"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)\" is a 1968 song that was a 1969 hit single by Jr. Walker & The All Stars. The single was one of Jr. Walker's most successful releases, becoming a hit on both the R&B and pop singles charts. \"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love),\" written by Johnny Bristol, Harvey Fuqua, and Vernon Bullock, made it into the top five on the Hot 100, and became Jr. Walker's second number one on the R&B charts. The song was also a hit in the","title":"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)"},{"psg_id":"18900385","text":"Come What May (2015 film) Come What May (original title: En mai, fais ce qu'il te plaît; also titled Darling Buds of May) is a 2015 French historical drama film directed by Christian Carion. It stars August Diehl and Olivier Gourmet in lead roles, and was released on 4 November 2015. The film score was composed by Ennio Morricone. On 10 May 1940, the German Army invades Belgium and France via the Ardennes. Frightened by the progress of the enemy, the people of the small village in the Pas-de-Calais decide, on the recommendations of the prefecture, to give up everything","title":"Come What May (2015 film)"},{"psg_id":"14466308","text":"to promote investments in battery storage technologies. Clean Edge lists other recent policies of the Obama Administration to support the clean energy sector in the U.S.: • Extending the investment tax credit for solar energy, • Extending the production tax credit for wind energy, • Allowing utilities to participate in income tax credits, and • Allowing renewable energy developers to receive government grants instead of tax credits. In his 2011 State of the Union Address, President Obama called for a goal, \"By 2035, 80 percent of America's electricity will come from clean energy sources.\" In January 2017, President Obama published","title":"Energy policy of the Barack Obama administration"},{"psg_id":"13810763","text":"hospital, where Claire's doctor is Ethan Goodspeed (William Mapother). The police later come looking for Kate in the hospital, but Claire covers for her, allowing Kate to escape. Following the events of the previous episode, \"LA X\", Sayid Jarrah (Naveen Andrews) has come back to life after apparently dying. The Others, led by Dogen (Hiroyuki Sanada) and his translator Lennon (John Hawkes), wish to speak with Sayid, privately. Jack Shephard (Matthew Fox), however, wishes to go with them and starts a fight. James \"Sawyer\" Ford (Josh Holloway) seizes the opportunity to obtain a gun and announce his departure from the","title":"What Kate Does"},{"psg_id":"9422226","text":"which also simulcasts in Maine as WJTO 730) plays the original vinyl \"\" edit. Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is? \"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?\" is a song by the rock band Chicago. It was included on their 1969 debut album \"Chicago Transit Authority\" and released as a single in 1970. The song was written and sung by Robert Lamm. The song was not released as a single until two tracks from the band's second album, \"Make Me Smile\" and \"25 or 6 to 4\", had become hits. It became the band's third straight Top","title":"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?"},{"psg_id":"9422222","text":"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is? \"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?\" is a song by the rock band Chicago. It was included on their 1969 debut album \"Chicago Transit Authority\" and released as a single in 1970. The song was written and sung by Robert Lamm. The song was not released as a single until two tracks from the band's second album, \"Make Me Smile\" and \"25 or 6 to 4\", had become hits. It became the band's third straight Top 10 single, peaking at in the U.S. and No. 2 in Canada. Because the","title":"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?"},{"psg_id":"12045040","text":"kind of like it here. There are some challenges, but maybe it is just like where you come from, there are the same challenges.\" George Obama and the British journalist Damien Lewis published George's story in a 2011 book called \"Homeland\". George also appeared in the 2012 film, \",\" an anti-Obama documentary. At times using a variation of the name of his father, Onyango Obama, Omar Okech Obama is a half-uncle of Barack Obama. Born on June 3, 1944, in Nyang'oma Kogelo, he is the eldest son of Onyango and his third wife, Sarah Obama. He moved to the United","title":"Family of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"16107273","text":"Barack Obama Day Barack Obama Day refers to two days of recognition in the United States in honor of Barack Obama, who served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017. The State of Illinois celebrates the commemorative holiday every August 4, which is Obama's birthday, beginning in 2018. Obama was a member of the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004 and represented the state in the United States Senate from 2005 to 2008 before becoming president. Similar to other commemorative holidays, it is not a legal state holiday, meaning workplaces are not closed on the","title":"Barack Obama Day"},{"psg_id":"8022600","text":"hell out of people no longer appealed to me.\" He based Chris's family in the novel on his own. The title comes from a line in Hamlet's \"To be, or not to be...\" soliloquy, namely, \"For in that sleep of death what dreams may come / When we have shuffled off this mortal coil, / Must give us pause.\" The plot outline in the novel contains several allegorical references to Dante Alighieri's epic poem \"The Divine Comedy\" (1308–1321). The prologue is narrated by a man telling of his visit from a psychic woman, who gives him a manuscript she claims","title":"What Dreams May Come"},{"psg_id":"13805318","text":"after a visit by President Obama to Russia in July 2009 Vice President Joe Biden visited Ukraine. During the visit Biden assured the Ukrainian government that the United States would continue to support Ukraine’s bid to join NATO despite Russia’s objections, \"the reset of relationship with Russia\" (that the Obama administration wants to pursue) will not come at Ukraine’s expense and Biden (once again) rejected the idea of a Russian \"sphere of influence\": \"We do not recognize anyone else's right to dictate to you or any other country what alliances you will seek to belong to or what relationships you","title":"European foreign policy of the Barack Obama administration"},{"psg_id":"12772940","text":"President Obama. Wisch added that state law does not authorize photocopying such records. On April 22, 2011, Obama asked Loretta Fuddy, director of the Hawaii Department of Health, for certified copies of his original Certificate of Live Birth (\"long-form birth certificate\"). Accompanying the letter was a written request from Judith Corley, Obama's personal counsel, requesting a waiver of the department's policy of issuing only computer-generated certificates. Corley stated that granting the waiver would relieve the department of the burden of repeated inquiries into the President's birth records. On April 25, 2011, Fuddy approved the request and witnessed the copying process","title":"Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories"},{"psg_id":"17544483","text":"The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?) \"The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?)\" is an electronic dance novelty song and viral video by Norwegian comedy duo Ylvis. The top trending video of 2013 on YouTube, \"The Fox\" was posted on the video-sharing website on 3 September 2013, and has received over 800 million views as of November 2018. \"The Fox\" peaked at the top of the Norwegian Singles Chart and was hugely successful in the United States, where it peaked at number six on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 for three consecutive weeks, and was, before the US release of","title":"The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?)"},{"psg_id":"2810335","text":"Fine Arts in Boston, Massachusetts, US. Gauguin had been a student at the Petit Séminaire de La Chapelle-Saint-Mesmin, just outside Orléans, from the age of eleven to the age of sixteen. His subjects there included a class in Catholic liturgy; the teacher for this class was the Bishop of Orléans, Félix-Antoine-Philibert Dupanloup. Dupanloup had devised his own catechism to be lodged in the minds of the young schoolboys, and to lead them towards proper spiritual reflections on the nature of life. The three fundamental questions in this catechism were: \"Where does humanity come from?\" \"Where is it going to?\", \"How","title":"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?"},{"psg_id":"7552392","text":"the world not only how much she saved me, but how much she means to me,\" said Taylor. Taylor said there is a common thread with the lyrics throughout the album, saying that they are \"about never forgetting where you came from, who you are and why you do this.\" \"Come What(ever) May\" was met with generally positive critical reviews. Several reviewers noted how it helped to further establish Stone Sour. Chad Bower of About.com stated that the band had \"progressed a lot since their debut\", noting that the album was \"very diverse and [allows] the band to show many","title":"Come What(ever) May"},{"psg_id":"11958748","text":"be balanced by a more straightforwardly descriptive view. The term is used in many fields including biology and management. The purpose of a system is what it does The purpose of a system is what it does (POSIWID) is a systems thinking heuristic coined by Stafford Beer. Stafford Beer coined the term POSIWID and used it many times in public addresses. In his address to the University of Valladolid, Spain, in October 2001, he said \"According to the cybernetician, the purpose of a system is what it does. This is a basic dictum. It stands for bald fact, which makes","title":"The purpose of a system is what it does"},{"psg_id":"11958746","text":"The purpose of a system is what it does The purpose of a system is what it does (POSIWID) is a systems thinking heuristic coined by Stafford Beer. Stafford Beer coined the term POSIWID and used it many times in public addresses. In his address to the University of Valladolid, Spain, in October 2001, he said \"According to the cybernetician, the purpose of a system is what it does. This is a basic dictum. It stands for bald fact, which makes a better starting point in seeking understanding than the familiar attributions of good intention, prejudices about expectations, moral judgment,","title":"The purpose of a system is what it does"},{"psg_id":"14066913","text":"six-year-old daughter and a three-year-old daughter, and one of the things my wife and I talked to our daughter about is the possibility of somebody touching them inappropriately, and what that might mean. And that was included specifically in the law, so that kindergarteners are able to exercise some possible protection against abuse...\" In 2007, in response to a similar attack from Mitt Romney, an Obama spokesperson stated his position that communities should determine the curriculum. The Illinois bill did not call for addressing all sex-related issues in kindergarten classes, and Obama has said that he \"does not support teaching","title":"Social policy of the Barack Obama administration"},{"psg_id":"9631879","text":"want one thing: \"I want an invitation to an inaugural ball!\" Obama won the first contest in the Democratic nomination season, the January 3, 2008 Iowa Democratic caucus. Obama had the support of 37.6 percent of Iowa's delegates, compared to 29.7 percent for John Edwards and 29.5 percent for Hillary Clinton. In his remarks to his followers that evening, he said: \"On this January night, at this defining moment in history, you have done what the cynics said we couldn't do.\" He further noted that \"our time for change has come\" and suggested that in the future Americans will look","title":"Barack Obama 2008 presidential primary campaign"},{"psg_id":"13731191","text":"What We All Come to Need What We All Come to Need is the fourth studio album by American post-metal band Pelican. The album was released on October 27, 2009 through Southern Lord Records and was the band's first for the label after leaving Hydra Head Records earlier in 2009. A music video for \"Final Breath\" released on December 22, 2009, directed by Matt Santoro. In late 2008, Pelican recognized a decline in group morale and in concert attendance, so the band considered slowing touring. However, they were already signed up for a tour in mid-2009 prior to the recording","title":"What We All Come to Need"},{"psg_id":"19389542","text":"particular merit. Joe Dziemianowicz of the \"New York Daily News\" called the show \"big-hearted and crowd-pleasing\" and \"a singing reminder that when things are at their worst, people can be at their best.\" Joe Westerfield with \"Newsweek\" wrote that \"'Come From Away' accomplishes what all the best musicals do: It takes you to a place where you didn't know you wanted to go, and makes you not want to leave.\" Frank Scheck of \"The Hollywood Reporter\" called the musical \"heartwarming and thoroughly entertaining [...] especially in these politically fractious times.\" Johnny Oleksinski with the \"New York Post\" wrote that \"Every","title":"Come from Away"},{"psg_id":"9631882","text":"after the Iowa caucuses, targeting undecided and independent voters in the state. The day before the election, polls conducted by CNN/WMUR, Rasmussen Reports and USA Today/Gallup showed Obama jumping ahead by 9, 10, and 13 points respectively. Despite the apparent surge of momentum, Clinton defeated Obama by a margin of 39.1 percent to 36.5 percent in the New Hampshire primary on January 8, 2008. Obama told supporters that he was \"still fired up and ready to go\", echoing a theme of his campaign. In what has been called the \"Yes We Can\" speech, Obama acknowledged that he faced a fight","title":"Barack Obama 2008 presidential primary campaign"},{"psg_id":"14066926","text":"translate our religious values into moral terms that all people can share, including those who are not believers. And that is how our democracy’s functioning, will continue to function. That’s what the founding fathers intended.\" In July 2008, Obama said that if elected president he would expand the delivery of social services through churches and other religious organizations, vowing to achieve what he said President Bush had fallen short on. His 2008 campaign web site contains his Faith Statement. As a state legislator in Illinois, Obama supported banning the sale or transfer of all forms of semi-automatic firearms, increasing state","title":"Social policy of the Barack Obama administration"},{"psg_id":"16107276","text":"serving the People of Illinois in both the Illinois State Senate and the United States Senate, and dedicated his life to protecting the rights of Americans and building bridges across communities. Since the United States presidential election of 2008, Obama Day is celebrated annually on November 6 in Kenya, the country from which President Obama's father originated. Barack Obama Day Barack Obama Day refers to two days of recognition in the United States in honor of Barack Obama, who served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017. The State of Illinois celebrates the commemorative holiday","title":"Barack Obama Day"},{"psg_id":"14066893","text":"responded to the question as to when life begins, \"Whether you're looking at it from a theological perspective or a scientific perspective, answering that question with specificity is above my pay grade.\" In the Illinois state legislature, Obama opposed the Induced Infant Liability Act and repeatedly voted against requirements and restrictions intended to stop what opponents label as \"born alive\" abortions. Obama said that his opposition was because of technical language he felt might have \"interfered with a woman's right to choose\" and said Illinois law \"already required medical care in such situations.\" Obama voted against a bill that would","title":"Social policy of the Barack Obama administration"},{"psg_id":"14066912","text":"in response to a petition calling for the practice to be banned. As an Illinois State Senator, Obama supported Senate bill 0099 for \"age and developmentally appropriate\" sex education, which would have allowed parents to choose to withdraw their children from the classes. The bill was endorsed by the Illinois Parent Teacher Association, the Illinois State Medical Society, the Illinois Public Health Association, and the Illinois Education Association. In a debate in 2004, when questioned by Alan Keyes about what kind of sex education was \"age appropriate\" for kindergarteners, Obama said, \"I'll give you an example, because I have a","title":"Social policy of the Barack Obama administration"},{"psg_id":"6977541","text":"by a musical interlude the first time, and, the second time, Satine sings instead of the latter part: \"\"come back to me and forgive everything.\"\" The single version can be found on the original soundtrack, while the original film version can be found on the follow-up soundtrack. It was released as a single in Australia where it became the 8th highest selling single by an Australian artist of 2001. It was also released in the UK, where it charted at #27, and in Germany. \"Come What May\" was nominated for a 2002 Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song -","title":"Come What May (2001 song)"},{"psg_id":"3196940","text":"100, based on 25 critics, indicating \"mixed or average reviews.\" Roger Ebert of the \"Chicago Sun-Times\" awarded the film three and a half stars out of four, remarking: James Berardinelli of \"ReelViews\" gave \"What Dreams May Come\" three stars out of four, saying: Owen Gleiberman of \"Entertainment Weekly\" gave the movie a C+, writing, \"There's a central contradiction in a fairy tale like this one: the film may preach to the audience about matters of the spirit, but its bejeweled special-effects vision of the afterlife can't help but come off as aggressively literal-minded.\" Leonard Maltin, in his annual publication \"TV","title":"What Dreams May Come (film)"},{"psg_id":"12935595","text":"align yourself, come with us on the road to socialism. This is the only path. Imagine a socialist revolution in the United States\", Chávez told a group of workers in the southern Venezuelan state of Bolívar. He said that people were calling Obama a \"socialist\" for the measures of state intervention he is taking to counter the crisis, so it would not be too far-fetched to suggest that he might join the project of \"21st century socialism\" that the Venezuelan leader is heading. Later in March he referred to Obama as a \"poor ignoramus\" for not knowing the situation in","title":"Foreign policy of the Barack Obama administration"},{"psg_id":"13018639","text":"Mendell's original reporting) and a wide range of interviews with Obama's aides, mentors, political adversaries, and family. \"Obama: From Promise to Power\" was one of the first biographies of the 2008 presidential campaign season, but upon its publication it did not receive the same attention as books about Hillary Clinton, who was initially considered a stronger contender for the 2008 Democratic Party presidential nomination. As a result, Mendell and \"Obama: From Promise To Power\" did not receive the same large-scale book tours and press attention as did such Clinton biographies as \"A Woman in Charge: The Life of Hillary Rodham","title":"Obama: From Promise to Power"},{"psg_id":"7201300","text":"State Park and adjoining lands in the Cumberland, Kentucky area. Black bears naturally recolonized extreme eastern Kentucky counties (Harlan, Letcher, Bell, and Pike) over the last three decades from the neighboring states of Virginia, West Virginia, and Tennessee. The species was not reintroduced to Kingdom Come State Park or any portion of Kentucky east of Interstate 75. It is illegal to feed black bears. Numerous other wildlife species call Kingdom Come State Park home as well, including the state-threatened common raven, fox, multiple species of hawks, cottontail rabbit, multiple bat species, coyote, multiple species of amphibians, and an array of","title":"Kingdom Come State Park"},{"psg_id":"3703475","text":"Does exactly what it says on the tin \"It does exactly what it says on the tin\" was originally an advertising slogan in the United Kingdom, which then became a common idiomatic phrase. It colloquially means that the name of something is an accurate description of its qualities. It is akin to the previously existing phrases \"by name and by nature\" and \"it lives up to its name\". It originated in a series of television advertisements by the woodstain and wood-dye manufacturer Ronseal, initiated in 1994 and still being broadcast . The slogan was created by Liz Whiston and Dave","title":"Does exactly what it says on the tin"},{"psg_id":"8014932","text":"of the Smiths'. The character Ray Smith in the Jack Kerouac novel \"The Dharma Bums\" repeatedly says \"What difference does it make?\" as well as \"Pretty girls make graves\", the title of another track featured on \"The Smiths\". The single cover is a photograph of Terence Stamp, taken on the set of the film \"The Collector\". Originally Stamp denied permission for the still to be used, and some pressings featured Morrissey in a re-enacted scene. In the re-enactment, Morrissey is holding a glass of milk, as opposed to a chloroform pad in the original. However, Stamp later changed his mind,","title":"What Difference Does It Make?"},{"psg_id":"13707220","text":"of Claines' inhabitants although she continually draws the ire of Mr. Ensley who openly states his belief that she should be expelled from town. While visiting London, John Thunstone hears strange stories concerning the nearby hamlet of Claines, a pair of ancient pagan artifacts, and the annual ritual that accompanies them. As the date of the ritual is only a few days away Thunstone decides to travel to Claines and witness the ritual for himself. While there he experiences strange visions of the distant past and gradually realizes their significance to the present. What Dreams May Come (1983 novel) What","title":"What Dreams May Come (1983 novel)"},{"psg_id":"2826835","text":"use of Tomahawk missiles, B-2 Spirits, and fighter jets. Six days later, on March 25, by unanimous vote of all of its 28 members, NATO took over leadership of the effort, dubbed Operation Unified Protector. Some Representatives questioned whether Obama had the constitutional authority to order military action in addition to questioning its cost, structure and aftermath. On August 18, 2011, several months after the start of the Syrian Civil War, Obama issued a written statement that said: \"The time has come for President Assad to step aside.\" This stance was reaffirmed in November 2015. In 2012, Obama authorized multiple","title":"Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"15491691","text":"that the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in \"Minor v. Happersett\" required a natural-born citizen to be born in the U.S. of two U.S. citizen parents; however, the judge dismissed the suit on March 7, 2012, ruling that \"President Obama is a natural born citizen under the Constitution\" and that \"[c]ontrary to Plaintiff's assertion, \"Minor v. Happersett\" ... does not hold otherwise.\" Gary Kreep (one of the attorneys who filed \"Barnett v. Obama\") filed on the behalf of seven other Californians a lawsuit demanding that the California Secretary of State verify the eligibility of all presidential candidates before putting them on","title":"Barack Obama presidential eligibility litigation"},{"psg_id":"13018640","text":"Clinton,\" by Carl Bernstein, and \"Her Way: The Hopes and Ambitions of Hillary Rodham Clinton,\" by Jeff Gerth and Don Van Natta, Jr. John J. Pitney, Jr., of \"National Review Online\" termed \"Obama: From Promise to Power\" \"the single best source of background information on our new president.\" Calling the book \"generally sympathetic to its subject, but … not a hagiography,\" Pitney praised Mendell for taking note of Obama's faults and \"considerable ego,\" citing in particular the opening of the book, in which Obama confidently states, \"I'm LeBron, baby. I can play on this level. I got some game,\" shortly","title":"Obama: From Promise to Power"},{"psg_id":"7201298","text":"Kingdom Come State Park Kingdom Come State Park is a part of Kentucky's state park system in Harlan County atop Pine Mountain near the city of Cumberland. It was named after the 1903 best-selling novel \"The Little Shepherd of Kingdom Come\" by native Kentuckian John Fox, Jr. Features of the park include Raven Rock, Log Rock, and a mountain lake. The section of the park is also a legally dedicated state nature preserve by the Office of Kentucky Nature Preserves. Raven Rock is a naturally bare, large rock face composed mostly of limestone, leaning at a 45° angle over in","title":"Kingdom Come State Park"},{"psg_id":"12650213","text":"by the people, and for the people has not perished from the Earth\" Obama proclaimed, \"It's been a long time coming, but...change has come to America,\" an allusion to the Sam Cooke song \"A Change Is Gonna Come\". Obama also made a reference to a prospective presidential pet for his daughters. Sasha and Malia … I love you both more than you can imagine. And you have earned the new puppy that's coming with us … to the White House. Obama spoke of the core issues facing the United States at the time, among them the economy, and the Iraq","title":"Barack Obama 2008 presidential election victory speech"},{"psg_id":"5758747","text":"out of reach. Those \"familiar with his preoccupation, themes, images, figures of speech … may assume that the 'what where' question is a kind of Oedipus' riddle and that the answer to it cannot be found, despite an obligation to ask the question.\" Rather than simply \"What?\" and \"Where?\" the full questions could easily be: \"What is the meaning of life?\" and \"Where does it all come from?\" If Bam is trying to ascertain the details surrounding a particular crime, the question has to be asked: what crime? James Knowlson believes \"that crime appears likely to be Calderón’s ‘original sin","title":"What Where"},{"psg_id":"16812431","text":"Mugged: Racial Demagoguery from the Seventies to Obama Mugged: Racial Demagoguery from the Seventies to Obama is a 2012 book by Ann Coulter that discusses race and liberalism. The book discusses the liberal left in the United States and how it has treated African Americans from the 1970s to the presidency of Barack Obama. Coulter states in the book that, in order to obtain the votes of African Americans, the Democratic Party has continually played the \"race card\" and accused the Republican Party of racism when it is not deserved. In relation to Barack Obama, Coulter said that he was","title":"Mugged: Racial Demagoguery from the Seventies to Obama"},{"psg_id":"13810768","text":"Does' slows the pace down significantly from last week and focuses on telling a character-driven story. This is a welcome change; especially after the heavily plot-driven season five. However, with questions to answer and so much ground to cover during this final season, a better balance between plot and character wouldn't have been such a bad thing.\" Alan Sepinwall of \"The Star-Ledger\" wrote, \"Maybe I'll enjoy the 2004 scenes more when we get to some other characters … but this week it was largely a distraction from all that was happening on the island. And even the island scenes were","title":"What Kate Does"},{"psg_id":"3196939","text":"at the domestic box office in its opening week and went on to earn $55 million at the North American box office, while grossing a further $16 million worldwide. Upon its initial release, critical reception for \"What Dreams May Come\" was mixed. On aggregating review website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 54%, based on 69 reviews, with an average score of 5.6/10. The site's critical consensus reads, \"An insubstantial plot overshadows the beautiful, surreal scenery.\" Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating based on reviews from top mainstream critics, calculated an average score of 44 out of","title":"What Dreams May Come (film)"},{"psg_id":"14066935","text":"to the list of factors that render a defendant eligible for the death penalty, Obama said, \"We certainly don't think that we should [...] have this laundry list that does not make any distinctions between the run-of-the-mill armed robbery that results in death and systematic killings by a terrorist organization. And I think essentially what the reduction of aggravating factors does is, it says, 'Here's a narrower set of crimes that we think potentially at least could deserve the death penalty.'\" In his own words, \"While the evidence tells me that the death penalty does little to deter crime; I","title":"Social policy of the Barack Obama administration"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13810760\",\n \"text\": \"What Kate Does \\\"What Kate Does\\\" is the 106th television episode of the American Broadcasting Company's \\\"Lost\\\" and third episode of the sixth season. It was written by executive producers Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz and directed in September 2009 by Paul Edwards. \\\"What Kate Does\\\" was first aired February 9, 2010, on ABC in the United States and on CTV in Canada. Kate Austen is the character on whom the episode is centered. In December 2007, Kate Austen chases after James \\\"Sawyer\\\" Ford (Josh Holloway), who escapes from the Others' captivity in the island's temple and is grieving over\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Does\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10945153\",\n \"text\": \"What She Does Best What She Does Best is a studio album by country singer Lynn Anderson, released in 1988. It was her only album with Mercury records. Notable due to featuring her last charting single, \\\"What She Does Best\\\" did not chart and was commercially unsuccessful. It would be her last album for four years, as Anderson went into a brief retirement and officially retired from releasing singles. The singles from this disc were \\\"Under the Boardwalk\\\" (a cover version of The Drifters' hit), \\\"What He Does Best\\\", and \\\"How Many Hearts\\\". \\\"Under the Boardwalk\\\" reached No. 24; the\",\n \"title\": \"What She Does Best\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13810767\",\n \"text\": \"reviews\\\"; however, this was down significantly from the previous episode's 89 and Bonnie Covel of About.com noted that \\\" 'What Kate Does' brought us a bit of negativity. In general, fans just didn't like the episode\\\". \\\"What Kate Does\\\" was largely considered to be a step down from the season premiere in pacing, revelations and writing; Mike Hale of \\\"The New York Times\\\" described the episode as \\\"contemplative\\\", \\\"anticlimactic\\\" and \\\"subdued\\\" and the flash sideways as \\\"kind of boring and seemingly pointless.\\\" Chris Carabott of IGN, who gave the episode a score of 7.3 summed up that \\\" 'What Kate\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Does\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13810778\",\n \"text\": \"week.\\\" VanDerWerff of the \\\"LA Times\\\", Ryan of the \\\"Chicago Tribune\\\", Sepinwall of \\\"The Star-Ledger\\\", Jensen of \\\"Entertainment Weekly\\\" and Mark Medley of the \\\"National Post\\\" also found the episode to contain humorous lines. This episode was watched by 11 million American viewers and 1.57 million Canadian viewers. What Kate Does \\\"What Kate Does\\\" is the 106th television episode of the American Broadcasting Company's \\\"Lost\\\" and third episode of the sixth season. It was written by executive producers Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz and directed in September 2009 by Paul Edwards. \\\"What Kate Does\\\" was first aired February 9, 2010,\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Does\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12223544\",\n \"text\": \"News & World Report\\\" article \\\"A shining star named Obama. How a most unlikely politician became a darling of the Democrats\\\" reported that \\\"what was once a long-shot campaign by an obscure state senator with a funny name ... ha[d] come to resemble a runaway freight train,\\\" with Obama, the lead guest on \\\"Meet the Press\\\", being asked by Tim Russert about comments in Ryan Lizza's \\\"The Atlantic\\\" article \\\"The Natural. Why is Barack Obama generating more excitement among Democrats than John Kerry?\\\" In contrast, Eli Saslow's August 2008 \\\"Washington Post\\\" article \\\"The 17 Minutes That Launched a Political Star\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Public image of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10945154\",\n \"text\": \"other singles charted far outside the Top 40. \\\"How Many Hearts\\\" was the last single Anderson released, and it peaked at No. 69 on the country charts in 1989. The album's cover shows Anderson leaning on a fancy sports car, wearing a classic 1980s outfit. What She Does Best What She Does Best is a studio album by country singer Lynn Anderson, released in 1988. It was her only album with Mercury records. Notable due to featuring her last charting single, \\\"What She Does Best\\\" did not chart and was commercially unsuccessful. It would be her last album for four\",\n \"title\": \"What She Does Best\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18931709\",\n \"text\": \"studio album, that was released on June 12, 2012. Come What May (band) Come What May is an American rock band and they primarily play melodic hardcore and melodic metalcore. They are from Athens, Georgia. The band started making music in 2009. The band released a studio album, \\\"Strange Dialect\\\", in 2012 with The Cadence Music Group. Come What May is a hardcore and metal band from Athens, Georgia. Their members are vocalist and guitarist, Joey Hreha, vocalist and keyboardist, Timothy Watts, guitarist, Evan Cerwonka, bassists, Garrett Lennox, and drummer, Patrick Farace. The band commenced as a musical entity in\",\n \"title\": \"Come What May (band)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18931708\",\n \"text\": \"Come What May (band) Come What May is an American rock band and they primarily play melodic hardcore and melodic metalcore. They are from Athens, Georgia. The band started making music in 2009. The band released a studio album, \\\"Strange Dialect\\\", in 2012 with The Cadence Music Group. Come What May is a hardcore and metal band from Athens, Georgia. Their members are vocalist and guitarist, Joey Hreha, vocalist and keyboardist, Timothy Watts, guitarist, Evan Cerwonka, bassists, Garrett Lennox, and drummer, Patrick Farace. The band commenced as a musical entity in May 2009, with their first release, \\\"Strange Dialect\\\", a\",\n \"title\": \"Come What May (band)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9926463\",\n \"text\": \"was first used on the song \\\"Rock 'N' Roll\\\" which later became \\\"You'll Be Under My Wheels\\\". The second time they used it is from a song called \\\"Lyrical Terrorist\\\" which later became \\\"Serial Thrilla\\\", but it was soon used on the album \\\"The Day Is My Enemy\\\". P.S.K. What Does It Mean? \\\"P.S.K. What Does It Mean?\\\" (also written as \\\"P.S.K. (What Does It Mean?)\\\") is a song released in 1985 by Philadelphia rapper Schoolly D on his independent label Schoolly D Records. P.S.K. is the abbreviation for Park Side Killas, a street gang with which Schoolly D was\",\n \"title\": \"P.S.K. What Does It Mean?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8050855\",\n \"text\": \"of its icy church keyboards and delay-ridden guitars\\\". Chris Jenkins, in the book \\\"The Rough Guide to Rock\\\", however, called it \\\"as half-baked as its title\\\". What Does Anything Mean? Basically What Does Anything Mean? Basically is the second studio album by English post-punk band the Chameleons. It was recorded in January 1985 and released 1 October 1985 by record label Statik. One single was released from the album: \\\"Singing Rule Britannia (While the Walls Close In)\\\". \\\"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\\\" was recorded in January 1985 at Highland Studios in Inverness, Scotland. The album's sole single, \\\"Singing Rule Britannia\",\n \"title\": \"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8050853\",\n \"text\": \"What Does Anything Mean? Basically What Does Anything Mean? Basically is the second studio album by English post-punk band the Chameleons. It was recorded in January 1985 and released 1 October 1985 by record label Statik. One single was released from the album: \\\"Singing Rule Britannia (While the Walls Close In)\\\". \\\"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\\\" was recorded in January 1985 at Highland Studios in Inverness, Scotland. The album's sole single, \\\"Singing Rule Britannia (While the Walls Close In)\\\", was released on 1 August 1985. This song used uncredited Lennon-McCartney lyrics, with the final passage of the song quoting key\",\n \"title\": \"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7552395\",\n \"text\": \"from a promising talent\\\". \\\"Come What(ever) May\\\" sold over 80,000 copies in its first week and entered the \\\"Billboard\\\" 200 chart in the United Statesat at #4, and went on to be certified gold in the UK, Canada and the United States. In 2007, the single \\\"30/30-150\\\" was nominated for Best Metal Performance at the 49th Grammy Awards. All lyrics written by Corey Taylor and composed by Stone Sour (Except \\\"Wicked Game\\\"). Stone Sour Guest musicians Technical personnel Art personnel Bonus DVD credits Come What(ever) May Come What(ever) May is the second studio album by American Rock band Stone Sour.\",\n \"title\": \"Come What(ever) May\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8022598\",\n \"text\": \"What Dreams May Come What Dreams May Come is a 1978 novel by Richard Matheson. The plot centers on Chris, a man who dies then goes to Heaven, but descends into Hell to rescue his wife. It was adapted in 1998 into the Academy Award-winning film \\\"What Dreams May Come\\\" starring Robin Williams, Cuba Gooding, Jr., and Annabella Sciorra. Matheson stated in an interview, \\\"I think \\\"What Dreams May Come\\\" is the most important (read effective) book I've written. It has caused a number of readers to lose their fear of death – the finest tribute any writer could receive.\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"What Dreams May Come\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"164904\",\n \"text\": \"Hold come what may Hold come what may is a phrase popularized by logician Willard Van Orman Quine. Beliefs that are \\\"held come what may\\\" are beliefs one is unwilling to give up, regardless of any evidence with which one might be presented. Quine held (on a perhaps simplistic construal) that there are no beliefs that one ought to hold come what may—in other words, that all beliefs are rationally revisable (\\\"no statement is immune to revision\\\"), and compared this to the simplification of quantum mechanics. Many philosophers argue to the contrary, believing that, for example, the laws of thought\",\n \"title\": \"Hold come what may\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19980606\",\n \"text\": \"What Does the K Stand For? What Does the K Stand For? is a BBC Radio Four sitcom series based on the experiences of comedian Stephen K. Amos growing up as a teenager in south London in the 1980s. The broadcast of the first series began in November 2013; the third series commenced in January 2017. Reviewing Series 1, Episode 1 for \\\"Radio Times\\\", Tristram Fane Saunders found the show suited Amos \\\"down to the ground; there's a touch of \\\"Seinfeld\\\" about \\\"What Does the K Stand for?\\\" in the way it flows from stand up into a deliciously awkward\",\n \"title\": \"What Does the K Stand For?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9926460\",\n \"text\": \"P.S.K. What Does It Mean? \\\"P.S.K. What Does It Mean?\\\" (also written as \\\"P.S.K. (What Does It Mean?)\\\") is a song released in 1985 by Philadelphia rapper Schoolly D on his independent label Schoolly D Records. P.S.K. is the abbreviation for Park Side Killas, a street gang with which Schoolly D was affiliated. The highly influential song is considered the first hardcore rap song and features incidents of graphic sex, gunplay, drug references and one of the first uses of the word \\\"nigga\\\" in a rap song (earlier uses include \\\"Scoopy Rap\\\" and \\\"Family Rap\\\" in 1979, and \\\"New York\",\n \"title\": \"P.S.K. What Does It Mean?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8014933\",\n \"text\": \"and the covers featuring Morrissey are now very rare and collectible. \\\"What Difference Does It Make?\\\" was released without an accompanying music video. Speaking to Tony Fletcher on \\\"The Tube\\\" in 1984, Morrissey remarked that he felt that the video market was something that was going to \\\"die very quickly\\\", and that he wanted to \\\"herald the death\\\" of it. What Difference Does It Make? \\\"What Difference Does It Make?\\\" is a song by the English rock band the Smiths, written by singer Morrissey and guitarist Johnny Marr. It was the band's third single and is featured on their debut\",\n \"title\": \"What Difference Does It Make?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8014931\",\n \"text\": \"What Difference Does It Make? \\\"What Difference Does It Make?\\\" is a song by the English rock band the Smiths, written by singer Morrissey and guitarist Johnny Marr. It was the band's third single and is featured on their debut album, \\\"The Smiths\\\". A different version, recorded for the John Peel Show on BBC Radio 1, is included in the compilation album \\\"Hatful of Hollow\\\". The song was one of the band's first significant chart hits, peaking at No. 12 in the UK Singles Chart. However, Morrissey has said \\\"What Difference Does It Make?\\\" is among his least favourite songs\",\n \"title\": \"What Difference Does It Make?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16663178\",\n \"text\": \"the bomb that Slater set explodes, badly burning one of them. \\\"What Does The Bee Do?\\\" is a children's poem from the late 1800s by Christina Rossetti. Margaret Schroeder's daughter recites it in the episode. \\\"IGN\\\" gave the episode a score of 8.5 out of 10, saying that it \\\"effortlessly hits that sweet spot between advancing the plot while developing characters, much in the same way that the Season 2 premiere did.\\\" \\\"The A.V. Club\\\" rated the episode an \\\"A-\\\". The episode was watched by 2.546 million viewers. It fell two tenths, to 1.0 million adults 18-49 rating. What Does\",\n \"title\": \"What Does the Bee Do?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16663175\",\n \"text\": \"What Does the Bee Do? \\\"What Does the Bee Do?\\\" is the fourth episode of the second season of the HBO television series \\\"Boardwalk Empire\\\", and 16th episode overall. First aired on October 16, 2011, it was written by executive story editor Steve Kornacki and directed by Ed Bianchi. Nucky looks to Rothstein for a port to receive alcohol, since the Coast Guard is blockading Atlantic City. Rothstein instructs Lansky and Luciano to oversee the Philadelphia delivery. Nucky also sends Owen Sleater to bomb Doyle's still. Margaret asks for 'money for the children' from Nucky, which she proceeds to hide\",\n \"title\": \"What Does the Bee Do?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8022617\",\n \"text\": \"1978, USA, Putnam Pub Group, , September 1978, Hardcover 1998, USA, Tor Books, , October 1998, Paperback 1998, USA, Gauntlet Press 20th Anniversary Edition Limited Edition, 2004, USA, Tor Books, , January 2004, Paperback What Dreams May Come What Dreams May Come is a 1978 novel by Richard Matheson. The plot centers on Chris, a man who dies then goes to Heaven, but descends into Hell to rescue his wife. It was adapted in 1998 into the Academy Award-winning film \\\"What Dreams May Come\\\" starring Robin Williams, Cuba Gooding, Jr., and Annabella Sciorra. Matheson stated in an interview, \\\"I think\",\n \"title\": \"What Dreams May Come\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"164906\",\n \"text\": \"such central portions of the web of beliefs would have immense, ramifying consequences, and affect many other beliefs. It is better to alter auxiliary beliefs around the edges of the web of beliefs (considered to be sense beliefs, rather than main beliefs) in the face of new evidence unfriendly to one's central principles. Thus, while one might agree that there is no belief one can hold come what may, there are some for which there is ample practical ground to \\\"hold more stubbornly at least\\\". Hold come what may Hold come what may is a phrase popularized by logician Willard\",\n \"title\": \"Hold come what may\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13810761\",\n \"text\": \"the death of his love Juliet Burke (Elizabeth Mitchell) just hours earlier. In flash sideways to September 22, 2004, Kate assists a pregnant Claire Littleton (Emilie de Ravin) while on the run as a fugitive. The title alludes to the second season episode \\\"What Kate Did\\\". \\\"What Kate Does\\\" was watched by eleven million Americans and received mixed reviews by audiences and critics alike. In flash sideways, Kate Austen (Evangeline Lilly) flees LAX in a taxicab she has hijacked, in which a pregnant Claire Littleton (Emilie de Ravin) is a passenger. The cab driver (David H. Lawrence XVII) bails and\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Does\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7552384\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Come What(ever) May\\\" concluded. A month later, Mayorga joined Stone Sour full-time . In March 2006, it was announce that \\\"Come What May,\\\" would be released on July 18, 2006. However, the release date for the album was pushed back until August 22. Because of the delay, Stone Sour released a music video for the track \\\"Reborn\\\", which had footage of the band working on the album in the studio. The album's cover artwork was released online on May 20, 2006. Shortly after, it was confirmed by a representative from the band's record label, Roadrunner, that the release date had\",\n \"title\": \"Come What(ever) May\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19980608\",\n \"text\": \"feel less like real people than excuses to weave in a few good dad jokes\\\". Overall, Elan found, \\\"What lifts the show are the elements of diaspora life weaved throughout, as when Aunty Princess visits from Nigeria and accuses Virginia [Stephen's mother] of cultural betrayal ('You have adopted too many fine and fancy British ways'). Stephen defends the family by suggesting she should 'go back home', prompting him to reflect that he has turned into his own racist enemy. It's unexpectedly thoughtful stuff, suggesting the third series may be even better.\\\" What Does the K Stand For? What Does the\",\n \"title\": \"What Does the K Stand For?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12332718\",\n \"text\": \"address what he sees as two wrong ways of considering Obama as a presidential candidate. The author wanted to counter those, including those in the news media, who look on Obama uncritically, and to do so in a way different from those who \\\"are smearing him on the Internet for supposedly being a secret Muslim or supposedly not saluting the flag\\\". The book harshly criticizes Obama over policy matters, according to Ben Smith, a writer at \\\"The Politico\\\". For the most part, the book is drawn from published sources, although Freddoso does some original reporting. The first press run of\",\n \"title\": \"The Case Against Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2810341\",\n \"text\": \"Boston, acquired it from the Marie Harriman Gallery on 16 April 1936. Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? is a painting by French artist Paul Gauguin. Gauguin inscribed the original French title in the upper left corner: D'où Venons Nous / Que Sommes Nous / Où Allons Nous. The inscription the artist wrote on his canvas has no question mark, no dash, and all words are capitalized. In the upper right corner he signed and dated the painting: \\\"P. Gauguin / 1897\\\".\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7552394\",\n \"text\": \"misdirected, and stonewalled\\\". A particular point of interest for reviewers was how \\\"Come What(ever) May\\\" is more melodic than the band's previous album \\\"Stone Sour\\\". Melchor of \\\"411mania\\\" said the album is \\\"much more liberal with the balladry and acoustic sounds than its predecessor\\\"; of the track \\\"Sillyworld\\\" he said, \\\"It sounds like what Nickelback could be if Chad Kroeger could write a good melody.\\\" In his review, Chad Bower labeled \\\"Come What(ever) May\\\" as a \\\"very melodic and accessible album\\\" writing that \\\"it has a little something for everyone\\\". Similarly, Megan Frye praised the album as an \\\"unyielding effort\",\n \"title\": \"Come What(ever) May\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6977539\",\n \"text\": \"Come What May (2001 song) \\\"Come What May\\\" is a song composed by David Baerwald and Kevin Gilbert, originally intended for the film \\\"William Shakespeare's Romeo + Juliet\\\". However, it was first heard publicly, and is best known as the romantic love theme from Baz Luhrmann's 2001 film \\\"Moulin Rouge!\\\", where it is sung by Ewan McGregor and Nicole Kidman in their respective roles as Christian and Satine. The song takes its title from a phrase that originates from Shakespeare's \\\"Macbeth\\\". The song plays an important role in the film. When the forbidden strong and close romantic relationship between Christian\",\n \"title\": \"Come What May (2001 song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2810334\",\n \"text\": \"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? is a painting by French artist Paul Gauguin. Gauguin inscribed the original French title in the upper left corner: D'où Venons Nous / Que Sommes Nous / Où Allons Nous. The inscription the artist wrote on his canvas has no question mark, no dash, and all words are capitalized. In the upper right corner he signed and dated the painting: \\\"P. Gauguin / 1897\\\". The painting was created in Tahiti, and is in the Museum of\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13018642\",\n \"text\": \"of first-hand news coverage of Obama lent the book \\\"both an insider's perspective and a journalist's shrewd critical eye, and the portrait that he paints of Obama is more comprehensive than any previous treatment of this remarkable man\\\". In February 2008, \\\"Obama: From Promise to Power\\\" won an NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Literary Work in the Biography/Autobiography category. Obama: From Promise to Power Obama: From Promise to Power is a 2007 political biography, written by David Mendell, of Barack Obama from his childhood to the announcement of his candidacy for president of the United States. The book focuses on\",\n \"title\": \"Obama: From Promise to Power\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8050854\",\n \"text\": \"lyrics of the Beatles song \\\"She Said, She Said\\\". \\\"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\\\" was released 1 October 1985 on record label Statik. \\\"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\\\" has been generally well received by critics. In his retrospective review, Ned Raggett of AllMusic called it \\\"[a] rarity of sophomore albums, something that at once made the band all the more unique in its sound while avoiding a repetition of earlier work. [...] an astounding record.\\\" \\\"Trouser Press\\\" called it \\\"even better\\\" than \\\"Script of the Bridge\\\", \\\"with much stronger production underscoring both the band's direct power and the ghostly atmospherics\",\n \"title\": \"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16766540\",\n \"text\": \"numbers in 2013 and 2014,\\\" said George Little, the Pentagon spokesman. \\\"What is true is that in June 2011 the president made clear that our forces would continue to come home at a steady pace as we transition to an Afghan lead for security. That it still the case.\\\" During the 2013 State of the Union Address, Obama said that the U.S. military will reduce the troop level in Afghanistan from 68,000 to 34,000 US troops by February 2014. According to an unnamed U.S. official Obama made his decision \\\"based on the recommendations of the military and his national security\",\n \"title\": \"Withdrawal of U.S. troops from Afghanistan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6977542\",\n \"text\": \"Motion Picture, where it lost to Sting's \\\"Until\\\" from \\\"Kate and Leopold\\\". However, it was ineligible for a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Song because it was originally written with another film in mind: Luhrmann's previous project, \\\"William Shakespeare's Romeo + Juliet\\\". The song was ranked on the AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs at number 85. UK CD Single Come What May (2001 song) \\\"Come What May\\\" is a song composed by David Baerwald and Kevin Gilbert, originally intended for the film \\\"William Shakespeare's Romeo + Juliet\\\". However, it was first heard publicly, and is best known as the\",\n \"title\": \"Come What May (2001 song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3196941\",\n \"text\": \"Movies\\\", gave the film a \\\"BOMB\\\" rating, describing it as being \\\"off-putting gobbledygook.\\\" What Dreams May Come (film) What Dreams May Come is a 1998 American fantasy drama film, starring Robin Williams and Cuba Gooding Jr. The film is based on the 1978 novel of the same name by Richard Matheson, and was directed by Vincent Ward. It won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects and the Art Directors Guild Award for Excellence in Production Design. It was also nominated for the Academy Award for Best Art Direction. The title is from a line in \\\"Hamlet\\\"s \\\"To be, or\",\n \"title\": \"What Dreams May Come (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3196922\",\n \"text\": \"What Dreams May Come (film) What Dreams May Come is a 1998 American fantasy drama film, starring Robin Williams and Cuba Gooding Jr. The film is based on the 1978 novel of the same name by Richard Matheson, and was directed by Vincent Ward. It won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects and the Art Directors Guild Award for Excellence in Production Design. It was also nominated for the Academy Award for Best Art Direction. The title is from a line in \\\"Hamlet\\\"s \\\"To be, or not to be\\\" soliloquy. While vacationing in Switzerland, pediatrician Chris Nielsen (Robin Williams)\",\n \"title\": \"What Dreams May Come (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18900387\",\n \"text\": \"from prison and abandoned in the deserted city. Hans manages to flee the city, accompanied by a Scottish officer, Percy, whose entire unit died under German bullets. These two will travel together. Hans seeking to recover his son who fled the village, Percy hoping to reach the sea, and find a boat back to England. \\\"En mai, fais ce qu'il te plaît\\\" was produced by Nord Ouest films and Pathé. Come What May (2015 film) Come What May (original title: En mai, fais ce qu'il te plaît; also titled Darling Buds of May) is a 2015 French historical drama film\",\n \"title\": \"Come What May (2015 film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13810777\",\n \"text\": \"that it by no means compared to \\\"LA X\\\", but stated that it \\\"contain[ed] scenes of incredible beauty, based on character work and stakes earned over five seasons [that] made it a fine, if imperfect, hour.\\\" McGee also commented that the scene in which Claire arrives at the hospital and is helped by Ethan as \\\"freakin' outstanding\\\" and called \\\"What Kate Does\\\" \\\"one of the funniest in the show's history. Aldo, Hurley, and Miles all got off plenty of zingers, which will be necessary in a season in which both mythological and dramatic stakes are raising higher and higher each\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Does\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13810770\",\n \"text\": \"doesn't quite know how to write a woman of action who's also in love … many of the show's Kate flashbacks are just plain silly … there have been a lot of pretty dire Kate episodes.\\\" Whitney Matheson of \\\"USA Today\\\" said that she \\\"wanted to stab Kate with a hot poker\\\" after watching \\\"What Kate Does\\\". Josh Holloway's supporting performance as a grieving Sawyer was commended by Carabott of IGN, who said that his acting on the dock as he cried and revealed to Kate that he was going to ask Juliet to marry him was \\\"one of Josh\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Does\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13810766\",\n \"text\": \"had hidden and later talks with Kate at Dharma's dock. He explains that he planned to propose to Juliet and that he blames himself for her death, saying that he convinced her to stay on the island with him because he was lonely. Meanwhile, Jin is caught by the Others, who want to kill him instead of taking him back. Suddenly, someone shoots them and Jin is shocked to see that the shooter is Claire. The episode has received mixed reviews. Critical review aggregate website Metacritic awarded \\\"What Kate Does\\\" a score of 64 out of 100, indicating \\\"generally favorable\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Does\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7552378\",\n \"text\": \"Come What(ever) May Come What(ever) May is the second studio album by American Rock band Stone Sour. It was recorded and produced by the band and Nick Raskulinecz at Studio 606 in Los Angeles, California, and was released on August 1, 2006, by Roadrunner Records. Writing for the album began as early as 2003 when vocalist Corey Taylor and guitarist James Root were writing material for their other band, Slipknot. In January 2006, Stone Sour began recording their second album, during which time drummer Joel Ekman left the band because of family constraints. He was eventually replaced by ex-Soulfly drummer\",\n \"title\": \"Come What(ever) May\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19389545\",\n \"text\": \"feature film adaptation of the musical, with Sankoff and Hein writing the script and Christopher Ashley as director. Come from Away Come from Away is a musical with book, music and lyrics by Irene Sankoff and David Hein. It is set in the week following the September 11 attacks and tells the true story of what transpired when 38 planes were ordered to land unexpectedly in the small town of Gander, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada as part of Operation Yellow Ribbon. The characters in the musical are based on (and in most cases share the names of) real Gander residents\",\n \"title\": \"Come from Away\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19389543\",\n \"text\": \"New Yorker must see this show\\\", referring to the musical as \\\"Broadway's biggest and best surprise of the season.\\\" Peter Marks of \\\"The Washington Post\\\" called the show \\\"an effervescent musical\\\" and \\\"an antidote for what ails the American soul.\\\" Michael Dale of \\\"Broadway World\\\" called the show an \\\"inspiring, funny and kick-ass beautiful new musical\\\" and went on to say that \\\"as long as 'Come From Away' is playing on Broadway, I will recommend it to everyone. Everyone.\\\" Steven Suskin, drama critic for \\\"The Huffington Post\\\", wrote that \\\"'Come From Away' is altogether different and altogether gripping, [...] brave\",\n \"title\": \"Come from Away\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19389522\",\n \"text\": \"Come from Away Come from Away is a musical with book, music and lyrics by Irene Sankoff and David Hein. It is set in the week following the September 11 attacks and tells the true story of what transpired when 38 planes were ordered to land unexpectedly in the small town of Gander, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada as part of Operation Yellow Ribbon. The characters in the musical are based on (and in most cases share the names of) real Gander residents as well as some of the 7,000 stranded travelers they housed and fed. The musical has been received\",\n \"title\": \"Come from Away\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7552391\",\n \"text\": \"heavy\\\" while others are \\\"soaring and triumphant\\\" with the production of Raskulinecz helping to balance the album's heaviness with its radio-accessibility. \\\"Come What(ever) May\\\"s lyrics include themes of \\\"pain, pleasure, happiness, and grief\\\". The diversity in subjects is evident throughout the album; songs including \\\"Come What(ever) May\\\" were politically influenced while the track \\\"Socio\\\" is about \\\"social anxiety attacks\\\" that Taylor suffered. \\\"Zzyzx Rd\\\" is a love song written to Taylor's wife for helping him in his struggles against alcoholism and contemplation of suicide. \\\"I've never written anything like that before, but it was very important for me to tell\",\n \"title\": \"Come What(ever) May\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13018638\",\n \"text\": \"Obama: From Promise to Power Obama: From Promise to Power is a 2007 political biography, written by David Mendell, of Barack Obama from his childhood to the announcement of his candidacy for president of the United States. The book focuses on Obama's fast rise from obscurity to the national stage, portraying it not as an unplanned phenomenon but rather as the result of a carefully crafted and calculated plan by an ambitious man. Mendell, a \\\"Chicago Tribune\\\" reporter, had covered Obama since the beginning of his campaign for the U.S. Senate in Illinois. The book utilizes both first-hand research (from\",\n \"title\": \"Obama: From Promise to Power\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19095970\",\n \"text\": \"What Does It Take (Dave Days song) \\\"What Does It Take\\\" is a song by American singer Dave Days. It served as the third and final single from his 2010 EP \\\"Dinner and a Movie\\\". It is one of Dave's most recognizable songs, and was also played on Disney Channel's So Random!. The song's music video is set in a high school, where Dave realizes he has gotten the lead part in the school play. Amanda Lynn (Days' interest in the video) sees she has gotten the second lead, and runs to her boyfriend, who ignores her. Days and Lynn\",\n \"title\": \"What Does It Take (Dave Days song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13018641\",\n \"text\": \"before speaking at the 2004 Democratic National Convention. Tim Russert, host of NBC's \\\"Meet the Press\\\", was particularly impressed with Mendell's frank assessments of Obama's flaws and ambition, such as: \\\"What the public has yet to see clearly is his hidden side, his imperious, mercurial, self-righteous, and sometimes prickly nature, each quality exacerbated by the enormous career pressures that he has inflicted upon himself.\\\" A WLS-TV review of \\\"Obama: From Promise to Power\\\" said the book \\\"carries with it a certain oral history-style wholeness,\\\" due to the variety of people profiled from Obama's life. The review said Mendell's long history\",\n \"title\": \"Obama: From Promise to Power\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16892962\",\n \"text\": \"President Barack Obama stressed the need for the political leaders of America to act in common cause. The president argued that \\\"now decisions are upon us and we cannot afford delay.\\\" Obama also made what appeared to be an oblique reference to the partisan battles between himself, the Republican-controlled House and the Senate - where Democrats have control but do not have a filibuster-proof majority. In reference to the unalienable rights of Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness Obama declared in the context of the partisan battles that \\\"[b]eing true to our founding documents does not require us to\",\n \"title\": \"Second inauguration of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7552390\",\n \"text\": \"iTunes, entitled \\\"Live in Moscow\\\". In an interview with MTV in 2006, vocalist Taylor said that \\\"Come What(ever) May\\\" was a return to the roots of the band, stating it is \\\"a lot more from the spirit of what the band started with in 1992\\\". He noted that some songs were \\\"very atmospheric\\\" while others maintained \\\"the hard rock and the heavy stuff\\\". Jon Wiederhorn of MTV said that \\\"for every thrash riff there's a tunefully grungy passage, for every flailing guitar line there's a rock-radio hook.\\\" When talking about the track \\\"30/30-150\\\", he said parts are \\\"bludgeoning, barbed and\",\n \"title\": \"Come What(ever) May\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3703477\",\n \"text\": \"began a similar copycat advertising campaign in Ireland stating that its product \\\"does exactly what it says on the tube\\\". The phrase is a registered trademark of the Sherwin-Williams Company, the owner of Ronseal, across the European Community for products including paints, varnishes, and wood preservatives (E3085826). In 2007, a song titled \\\"What It Says on the Tin\\\" was released by the British singer Katie Melua. Although the song is about relationships, the phrase has a similar meaning. Does exactly what it says on the tin \\\"It does exactly what it says on the tin\\\" was originally an advertising slogan\",\n \"title\": \"Does exactly what it says on the tin\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19389538\",\n \"text\": \"the rescue efforts. (\\\"Something's Missing\\\"). Ten years later, the crew and passengers (the \\\"come from away\\\") of the once stranded planes reunite in Gander, this time by choice, to celebrate the lifelong friendships and strong connections they formed in spite of the terrorist attacks (\\\"Finale\\\"). As Claude the mayor professes, \\\"Tonight we honour what was lost, but we also commemorate what we found.\\\" The music contains \\\"rock, folk and Gaelic-sounding strains, performed by an onstage band.\\\" Jay Irwin with \\\"Broadway World\\\" called the production \\\"emotionally transcendent\\\" and \\\"the best musical I've seen all year and possibly ever.\\\" David Gerson with\",\n \"title\": \"Come from Away\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13731192\",\n \"text\": \"of \\\"What We All Come to Need\\\", leading to some frustration in the members who wanted to not burn out. The album was recorded in three weeks during the summer of 2009 with a generous recording budget from Southern Lord Records, the group's new label after leaving Hydra Head Records. The inspiration of a new setting and label, though, wasn't enough to offset the band's fatigue. According to guitarist Trevor de Brauw, the tour leading up to \\\"What We All Come to Need\\\", the recording of the album, and the tour following the album made up Pelican's darkest times. De\",\n \"title\": \"What We All Come to Need\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13707217\",\n \"text\": \"What Dreams May Come (1983 novel) What Dreams May Come is a novel by American author Manly Wade Wellman. It is the second of three books featuring supernatural investigator John Thunstone. The book derives its title from a line in Hamlet's famous \\\"To be, or not to be...\\\" soliloquy. The character of John Thunstone had previously appeared in a series of short stories by Wellman. Originally published in popular pulp magazines of the day, several of them were collected and reprinted in an anthology, \\\"Lonely Vigils\\\". Wellman decided to follow the anthology with the character's first book-length adventure. In his\",\n \"title\": \"What Dreams May Come (1983 novel)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17544507\",\n \"text\": \"neighborhood in Edwards Landing, Leesburg, Virginia, who every Halloween creates an LED light show with a hit song. This song appears in \\\"Just Dance 2015\\\". This song for Leicester City title song parody \\\"What do the Foxes Say?\\\" in 442oons video. !scope=\\\"col\\\" colspan=\\\"3\\\"| Streaming Note: The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?) \\\"The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?)\\\" is an electronic dance novelty song and viral video by Norwegian comedy duo Ylvis. The top trending video of 2013 on YouTube, \\\"The Fox\\\" was posted on the video-sharing website on 3 September 2013, and has received over 800 million views\",\n \"title\": \"The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13519959\",\n \"text\": \"G (with Ellis Hall on vocals) covered this tune on his 1986 album \\\"Duotones\\\". What Does It Take (To Win Your Love) \\\"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)\\\" is a 1968 song that was a 1969 hit single by Jr. Walker & The All Stars. The single was one of Jr. Walker's most successful releases, becoming a hit on both the R&B and pop singles charts. \\\"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love),\\\" written by Johnny Bristol, Harvey Fuqua, and Vernon Bullock, made it into the top five on the Hot 100, and became Jr. Walker's second\",\n \"title\": \"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13519957\",\n \"text\": \"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love) \\\"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)\\\" is a 1968 song that was a 1969 hit single by Jr. Walker & The All Stars. The single was one of Jr. Walker's most successful releases, becoming a hit on both the R&B and pop singles charts. \\\"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love),\\\" written by Johnny Bristol, Harvey Fuqua, and Vernon Bullock, made it into the top five on the Hot 100, and became Jr. Walker's second number one on the R&B charts. The song was also a hit in the\",\n \"title\": \"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18900385\",\n \"text\": \"Come What May (2015 film) Come What May (original title: En mai, fais ce qu'il te plaît; also titled Darling Buds of May) is a 2015 French historical drama film directed by Christian Carion. It stars August Diehl and Olivier Gourmet in lead roles, and was released on 4 November 2015. The film score was composed by Ennio Morricone. On 10 May 1940, the German Army invades Belgium and France via the Ardennes. Frightened by the progress of the enemy, the people of the small village in the Pas-de-Calais decide, on the recommendations of the prefecture, to give up everything\",\n \"title\": \"Come What May (2015 film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14466308\",\n \"text\": \"to promote investments in battery storage technologies. Clean Edge lists other recent policies of the Obama Administration to support the clean energy sector in the U.S.: • Extending the investment tax credit for solar energy, • Extending the production tax credit for wind energy, • Allowing utilities to participate in income tax credits, and • Allowing renewable energy developers to receive government grants instead of tax credits. In his 2011 State of the Union Address, President Obama called for a goal, \\\"By 2035, 80 percent of America's electricity will come from clean energy sources.\\\" In January 2017, President Obama published\",\n \"title\": \"Energy policy of the Barack Obama administration\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13810763\",\n \"text\": \"hospital, where Claire's doctor is Ethan Goodspeed (William Mapother). The police later come looking for Kate in the hospital, but Claire covers for her, allowing Kate to escape. Following the events of the previous episode, \\\"LA X\\\", Sayid Jarrah (Naveen Andrews) has come back to life after apparently dying. The Others, led by Dogen (Hiroyuki Sanada) and his translator Lennon (John Hawkes), wish to speak with Sayid, privately. Jack Shephard (Matthew Fox), however, wishes to go with them and starts a fight. James \\\"Sawyer\\\" Ford (Josh Holloway) seizes the opportunity to obtain a gun and announce his departure from the\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Does\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9422226\",\n \"text\": \"which also simulcasts in Maine as WJTO 730) plays the original vinyl \\\"\\\" edit. Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is? \\\"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?\\\" is a song by the rock band Chicago. It was included on their 1969 debut album \\\"Chicago Transit Authority\\\" and released as a single in 1970. The song was written and sung by Robert Lamm. The song was not released as a single until two tracks from the band's second album, \\\"Make Me Smile\\\" and \\\"25 or 6 to 4\\\", had become hits. It became the band's third straight Top\",\n \"title\": \"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9422222\",\n \"text\": \"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is? \\\"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?\\\" is a song by the rock band Chicago. It was included on their 1969 debut album \\\"Chicago Transit Authority\\\" and released as a single in 1970. The song was written and sung by Robert Lamm. The song was not released as a single until two tracks from the band's second album, \\\"Make Me Smile\\\" and \\\"25 or 6 to 4\\\", had become hits. It became the band's third straight Top 10 single, peaking at in the U.S. and No. 2 in Canada. Because the\",\n \"title\": \"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12045040\",\n \"text\": \"kind of like it here. There are some challenges, but maybe it is just like where you come from, there are the same challenges.\\\" George Obama and the British journalist Damien Lewis published George's story in a 2011 book called \\\"Homeland\\\". George also appeared in the 2012 film, \\\",\\\" an anti-Obama documentary. At times using a variation of the name of his father, Onyango Obama, Omar Okech Obama is a half-uncle of Barack Obama. Born on June 3, 1944, in Nyang'oma Kogelo, he is the eldest son of Onyango and his third wife, Sarah Obama. He moved to the United\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16107273\",\n \"text\": \"Barack Obama Day Barack Obama Day refers to two days of recognition in the United States in honor of Barack Obama, who served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017. The State of Illinois celebrates the commemorative holiday every August 4, which is Obama's birthday, beginning in 2018. Obama was a member of the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004 and represented the state in the United States Senate from 2005 to 2008 before becoming president. Similar to other commemorative holidays, it is not a legal state holiday, meaning workplaces are not closed on the\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Day\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8022600\",\n \"text\": \"hell out of people no longer appealed to me.\\\" He based Chris's family in the novel on his own. The title comes from a line in Hamlet's \\\"To be, or not to be...\\\" soliloquy, namely, \\\"For in that sleep of death what dreams may come / When we have shuffled off this mortal coil, / Must give us pause.\\\" The plot outline in the novel contains several allegorical references to Dante Alighieri's epic poem \\\"The Divine Comedy\\\" (1308–1321). The prologue is narrated by a man telling of his visit from a psychic woman, who gives him a manuscript she claims\",\n \"title\": \"What Dreams May Come\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13805318\",\n \"text\": \"after a visit by President Obama to Russia in July 2009 Vice President Joe Biden visited Ukraine. During the visit Biden assured the Ukrainian government that the United States would continue to support Ukraine’s bid to join NATO despite Russia’s objections, \\\"the reset of relationship with Russia\\\" (that the Obama administration wants to pursue) will not come at Ukraine’s expense and Biden (once again) rejected the idea of a Russian \\\"sphere of influence\\\": \\\"We do not recognize anyone else's right to dictate to you or any other country what alliances you will seek to belong to or what relationships you\",\n \"title\": \"European foreign policy of the Barack Obama administration\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12772940\",\n \"text\": \"President Obama. Wisch added that state law does not authorize photocopying such records. On April 22, 2011, Obama asked Loretta Fuddy, director of the Hawaii Department of Health, for certified copies of his original Certificate of Live Birth (\\\"long-form birth certificate\\\"). Accompanying the letter was a written request from Judith Corley, Obama's personal counsel, requesting a waiver of the department's policy of issuing only computer-generated certificates. Corley stated that granting the waiver would relieve the department of the burden of repeated inquiries into the President's birth records. On April 25, 2011, Fuddy approved the request and witnessed the copying process\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17544483\",\n \"text\": \"The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?) \\\"The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?)\\\" is an electronic dance novelty song and viral video by Norwegian comedy duo Ylvis. The top trending video of 2013 on YouTube, \\\"The Fox\\\" was posted on the video-sharing website on 3 September 2013, and has received over 800 million views as of November 2018. \\\"The Fox\\\" peaked at the top of the Norwegian Singles Chart and was hugely successful in the United States, where it peaked at number six on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 for three consecutive weeks, and was, before the US release of\",\n \"title\": \"The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2810335\",\n \"text\": \"Fine Arts in Boston, Massachusetts, US. Gauguin had been a student at the Petit Séminaire de La Chapelle-Saint-Mesmin, just outside Orléans, from the age of eleven to the age of sixteen. His subjects there included a class in Catholic liturgy; the teacher for this class was the Bishop of Orléans, Félix-Antoine-Philibert Dupanloup. Dupanloup had devised his own catechism to be lodged in the minds of the young schoolboys, and to lead them towards proper spiritual reflections on the nature of life. The three fundamental questions in this catechism were: \\\"Where does humanity come from?\\\" \\\"Where is it going to?\\\", \\\"How\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7552392\",\n \"text\": \"the world not only how much she saved me, but how much she means to me,\\\" said Taylor. Taylor said there is a common thread with the lyrics throughout the album, saying that they are \\\"about never forgetting where you came from, who you are and why you do this.\\\" \\\"Come What(ever) May\\\" was met with generally positive critical reviews. Several reviewers noted how it helped to further establish Stone Sour. Chad Bower of About.com stated that the band had \\\"progressed a lot since their debut\\\", noting that the album was \\\"very diverse and [allows] the band to show many\",\n \"title\": \"Come What(ever) May\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11958748\",\n \"text\": \"be balanced by a more straightforwardly descriptive view. The term is used in many fields including biology and management. The purpose of a system is what it does The purpose of a system is what it does (POSIWID) is a systems thinking heuristic coined by Stafford Beer. Stafford Beer coined the term POSIWID and used it many times in public addresses. In his address to the University of Valladolid, Spain, in October 2001, he said \\\"According to the cybernetician, the purpose of a system is what it does. This is a basic dictum. It stands for bald fact, which makes\",\n \"title\": \"The purpose of a system is what it does\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11958746\",\n \"text\": \"The purpose of a system is what it does The purpose of a system is what it does (POSIWID) is a systems thinking heuristic coined by Stafford Beer. Stafford Beer coined the term POSIWID and used it many times in public addresses. In his address to the University of Valladolid, Spain, in October 2001, he said \\\"According to the cybernetician, the purpose of a system is what it does. This is a basic dictum. It stands for bald fact, which makes a better starting point in seeking understanding than the familiar attributions of good intention, prejudices about expectations, moral judgment,\",\n \"title\": \"The purpose of a system is what it does\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14066913\",\n \"text\": \"six-year-old daughter and a three-year-old daughter, and one of the things my wife and I talked to our daughter about is the possibility of somebody touching them inappropriately, and what that might mean. And that was included specifically in the law, so that kindergarteners are able to exercise some possible protection against abuse...\\\" In 2007, in response to a similar attack from Mitt Romney, an Obama spokesperson stated his position that communities should determine the curriculum. The Illinois bill did not call for addressing all sex-related issues in kindergarten classes, and Obama has said that he \\\"does not support teaching\",\n \"title\": \"Social policy of the Barack Obama administration\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9631879\",\n \"text\": \"want one thing: \\\"I want an invitation to an inaugural ball!\\\" Obama won the first contest in the Democratic nomination season, the January 3, 2008 Iowa Democratic caucus. Obama had the support of 37.6 percent of Iowa's delegates, compared to 29.7 percent for John Edwards and 29.5 percent for Hillary Clinton. In his remarks to his followers that evening, he said: \\\"On this January night, at this defining moment in history, you have done what the cynics said we couldn't do.\\\" He further noted that \\\"our time for change has come\\\" and suggested that in the future Americans will look\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama 2008 presidential primary campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13731191\",\n \"text\": \"What We All Come to Need What We All Come to Need is the fourth studio album by American post-metal band Pelican. The album was released on October 27, 2009 through Southern Lord Records and was the band's first for the label after leaving Hydra Head Records earlier in 2009. A music video for \\\"Final Breath\\\" released on December 22, 2009, directed by Matt Santoro. In late 2008, Pelican recognized a decline in group morale and in concert attendance, so the band considered slowing touring. However, they were already signed up for a tour in mid-2009 prior to the recording\",\n \"title\": \"What We All Come to Need\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19389542\",\n \"text\": \"particular merit. Joe Dziemianowicz of the \\\"New York Daily News\\\" called the show \\\"big-hearted and crowd-pleasing\\\" and \\\"a singing reminder that when things are at their worst, people can be at their best.\\\" Joe Westerfield with \\\"Newsweek\\\" wrote that \\\"'Come From Away' accomplishes what all the best musicals do: It takes you to a place where you didn't know you wanted to go, and makes you not want to leave.\\\" Frank Scheck of \\\"The Hollywood Reporter\\\" called the musical \\\"heartwarming and thoroughly entertaining [...] especially in these politically fractious times.\\\" Johnny Oleksinski with the \\\"New York Post\\\" wrote that \\\"Every\",\n \"title\": \"Come from Away\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9631882\",\n \"text\": \"after the Iowa caucuses, targeting undecided and independent voters in the state. The day before the election, polls conducted by CNN/WMUR, Rasmussen Reports and USA Today/Gallup showed Obama jumping ahead by 9, 10, and 13 points respectively. Despite the apparent surge of momentum, Clinton defeated Obama by a margin of 39.1 percent to 36.5 percent in the New Hampshire primary on January 8, 2008. Obama told supporters that he was \\\"still fired up and ready to go\\\", echoing a theme of his campaign. In what has been called the \\\"Yes We Can\\\" speech, Obama acknowledged that he faced a fight\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama 2008 presidential primary campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14066926\",\n \"text\": \"translate our religious values into moral terms that all people can share, including those who are not believers. And that is how our democracy’s functioning, will continue to function. That’s what the founding fathers intended.\\\" In July 2008, Obama said that if elected president he would expand the delivery of social services through churches and other religious organizations, vowing to achieve what he said President Bush had fallen short on. His 2008 campaign web site contains his Faith Statement. As a state legislator in Illinois, Obama supported banning the sale or transfer of all forms of semi-automatic firearms, increasing state\",\n \"title\": \"Social policy of the Barack Obama administration\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16107276\",\n \"text\": \"serving the People of Illinois in both the Illinois State Senate and the United States Senate, and dedicated his life to protecting the rights of Americans and building bridges across communities. Since the United States presidential election of 2008, Obama Day is celebrated annually on November 6 in Kenya, the country from which President Obama's father originated. Barack Obama Day Barack Obama Day refers to two days of recognition in the United States in honor of Barack Obama, who served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017. The State of Illinois celebrates the commemorative holiday\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Day\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14066893\",\n \"text\": \"responded to the question as to when life begins, \\\"Whether you're looking at it from a theological perspective or a scientific perspective, answering that question with specificity is above my pay grade.\\\" In the Illinois state legislature, Obama opposed the Induced Infant Liability Act and repeatedly voted against requirements and restrictions intended to stop what opponents label as \\\"born alive\\\" abortions. Obama said that his opposition was because of technical language he felt might have \\\"interfered with a woman's right to choose\\\" and said Illinois law \\\"already required medical care in such situations.\\\" Obama voted against a bill that would\",\n \"title\": \"Social policy of the Barack Obama administration\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14066912\",\n \"text\": \"in response to a petition calling for the practice to be banned. As an Illinois State Senator, Obama supported Senate bill 0099 for \\\"age and developmentally appropriate\\\" sex education, which would have allowed parents to choose to withdraw their children from the classes. The bill was endorsed by the Illinois Parent Teacher Association, the Illinois State Medical Society, the Illinois Public Health Association, and the Illinois Education Association. In a debate in 2004, when questioned by Alan Keyes about what kind of sex education was \\\"age appropriate\\\" for kindergarteners, Obama said, \\\"I'll give you an example, because I have a\",\n \"title\": \"Social policy of the Barack Obama administration\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6977541\",\n \"text\": \"by a musical interlude the first time, and, the second time, Satine sings instead of the latter part: \\\"\\\"come back to me and forgive everything.\\\"\\\" The single version can be found on the original soundtrack, while the original film version can be found on the follow-up soundtrack. It was released as a single in Australia where it became the 8th highest selling single by an Australian artist of 2001. It was also released in the UK, where it charted at #27, and in Germany. \\\"Come What May\\\" was nominated for a 2002 Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song -\",\n \"title\": \"Come What May (2001 song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3196940\",\n \"text\": \"100, based on 25 critics, indicating \\\"mixed or average reviews.\\\" Roger Ebert of the \\\"Chicago Sun-Times\\\" awarded the film three and a half stars out of four, remarking: James Berardinelli of \\\"ReelViews\\\" gave \\\"What Dreams May Come\\\" three stars out of four, saying: Owen Gleiberman of \\\"Entertainment Weekly\\\" gave the movie a C+, writing, \\\"There's a central contradiction in a fairy tale like this one: the film may preach to the audience about matters of the spirit, but its bejeweled special-effects vision of the afterlife can't help but come off as aggressively literal-minded.\\\" Leonard Maltin, in his annual publication \\\"TV\",\n \"title\": \"What Dreams May Come (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12935595\",\n \"text\": \"align yourself, come with us on the road to socialism. This is the only path. Imagine a socialist revolution in the United States\\\", Chávez told a group of workers in the southern Venezuelan state of Bolívar. He said that people were calling Obama a \\\"socialist\\\" for the measures of state intervention he is taking to counter the crisis, so it would not be too far-fetched to suggest that he might join the project of \\\"21st century socialism\\\" that the Venezuelan leader is heading. Later in March he referred to Obama as a \\\"poor ignoramus\\\" for not knowing the situation in\",\n \"title\": \"Foreign policy of the Barack Obama administration\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13018639\",\n \"text\": \"Mendell's original reporting) and a wide range of interviews with Obama's aides, mentors, political adversaries, and family. \\\"Obama: From Promise to Power\\\" was one of the first biographies of the 2008 presidential campaign season, but upon its publication it did not receive the same attention as books about Hillary Clinton, who was initially considered a stronger contender for the 2008 Democratic Party presidential nomination. As a result, Mendell and \\\"Obama: From Promise To Power\\\" did not receive the same large-scale book tours and press attention as did such Clinton biographies as \\\"A Woman in Charge: The Life of Hillary Rodham\",\n \"title\": \"Obama: From Promise to Power\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7201300\",\n \"text\": \"State Park and adjoining lands in the Cumberland, Kentucky area. Black bears naturally recolonized extreme eastern Kentucky counties (Harlan, Letcher, Bell, and Pike) over the last three decades from the neighboring states of Virginia, West Virginia, and Tennessee. The species was not reintroduced to Kingdom Come State Park or any portion of Kentucky east of Interstate 75. It is illegal to feed black bears. Numerous other wildlife species call Kingdom Come State Park home as well, including the state-threatened common raven, fox, multiple species of hawks, cottontail rabbit, multiple bat species, coyote, multiple species of amphibians, and an array of\",\n \"title\": \"Kingdom Come State Park\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3703475\",\n \"text\": \"Does exactly what it says on the tin \\\"It does exactly what it says on the tin\\\" was originally an advertising slogan in the United Kingdom, which then became a common idiomatic phrase. It colloquially means that the name of something is an accurate description of its qualities. It is akin to the previously existing phrases \\\"by name and by nature\\\" and \\\"it lives up to its name\\\". It originated in a series of television advertisements by the woodstain and wood-dye manufacturer Ronseal, initiated in 1994 and still being broadcast . The slogan was created by Liz Whiston and Dave\",\n \"title\": \"Does exactly what it says on the tin\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8014932\",\n \"text\": \"of the Smiths'. The character Ray Smith in the Jack Kerouac novel \\\"The Dharma Bums\\\" repeatedly says \\\"What difference does it make?\\\" as well as \\\"Pretty girls make graves\\\", the title of another track featured on \\\"The Smiths\\\". The single cover is a photograph of Terence Stamp, taken on the set of the film \\\"The Collector\\\". Originally Stamp denied permission for the still to be used, and some pressings featured Morrissey in a re-enacted scene. In the re-enactment, Morrissey is holding a glass of milk, as opposed to a chloroform pad in the original. However, Stamp later changed his mind,\",\n \"title\": \"What Difference Does It Make?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13707220\",\n \"text\": \"of Claines' inhabitants although she continually draws the ire of Mr. Ensley who openly states his belief that she should be expelled from town. While visiting London, John Thunstone hears strange stories concerning the nearby hamlet of Claines, a pair of ancient pagan artifacts, and the annual ritual that accompanies them. As the date of the ritual is only a few days away Thunstone decides to travel to Claines and witness the ritual for himself. While there he experiences strange visions of the distant past and gradually realizes their significance to the present. What Dreams May Come (1983 novel) What\",\n \"title\": \"What Dreams May Come (1983 novel)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2826835\",\n \"text\": \"use of Tomahawk missiles, B-2 Spirits, and fighter jets. Six days later, on March 25, by unanimous vote of all of its 28 members, NATO took over leadership of the effort, dubbed Operation Unified Protector. Some Representatives questioned whether Obama had the constitutional authority to order military action in addition to questioning its cost, structure and aftermath. On August 18, 2011, several months after the start of the Syrian Civil War, Obama issued a written statement that said: \\\"The time has come for President Assad to step aside.\\\" This stance was reaffirmed in November 2015. In 2012, Obama authorized multiple\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15491691\",\n \"text\": \"that the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in \\\"Minor v. Happersett\\\" required a natural-born citizen to be born in the U.S. of two U.S. citizen parents; however, the judge dismissed the suit on March 7, 2012, ruling that \\\"President Obama is a natural born citizen under the Constitution\\\" and that \\\"[c]ontrary to Plaintiff's assertion, \\\"Minor v. Happersett\\\" ... does not hold otherwise.\\\" Gary Kreep (one of the attorneys who filed \\\"Barnett v. Obama\\\") filed on the behalf of seven other Californians a lawsuit demanding that the California Secretary of State verify the eligibility of all presidential candidates before putting them on\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama presidential eligibility litigation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13018640\",\n \"text\": \"Clinton,\\\" by Carl Bernstein, and \\\"Her Way: The Hopes and Ambitions of Hillary Rodham Clinton,\\\" by Jeff Gerth and Don Van Natta, Jr. John J. Pitney, Jr., of \\\"National Review Online\\\" termed \\\"Obama: From Promise to Power\\\" \\\"the single best source of background information on our new president.\\\" Calling the book \\\"generally sympathetic to its subject, but … not a hagiography,\\\" Pitney praised Mendell for taking note of Obama's faults and \\\"considerable ego,\\\" citing in particular the opening of the book, in which Obama confidently states, \\\"I'm LeBron, baby. I can play on this level. I got some game,\\\" shortly\",\n \"title\": \"Obama: From Promise to Power\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7201298\",\n \"text\": \"Kingdom Come State Park Kingdom Come State Park is a part of Kentucky's state park system in Harlan County atop Pine Mountain near the city of Cumberland. It was named after the 1903 best-selling novel \\\"The Little Shepherd of Kingdom Come\\\" by native Kentuckian John Fox, Jr. Features of the park include Raven Rock, Log Rock, and a mountain lake. The section of the park is also a legally dedicated state nature preserve by the Office of Kentucky Nature Preserves. Raven Rock is a naturally bare, large rock face composed mostly of limestone, leaning at a 45° angle over in\",\n \"title\": \"Kingdom Come State Park\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12650213\",\n \"text\": \"by the people, and for the people has not perished from the Earth\\\" Obama proclaimed, \\\"It's been a long time coming, but...change has come to America,\\\" an allusion to the Sam Cooke song \\\"A Change Is Gonna Come\\\". Obama also made a reference to a prospective presidential pet for his daughters. Sasha and Malia … I love you both more than you can imagine. And you have earned the new puppy that's coming with us … to the White House. Obama spoke of the core issues facing the United States at the time, among them the economy, and the Iraq\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama 2008 presidential election victory speech\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5758747\",\n \"text\": \"out of reach. Those \\\"familiar with his preoccupation, themes, images, figures of speech … may assume that the 'what where' question is a kind of Oedipus' riddle and that the answer to it cannot be found, despite an obligation to ask the question.\\\" Rather than simply \\\"What?\\\" and \\\"Where?\\\" the full questions could easily be: \\\"What is the meaning of life?\\\" and \\\"Where does it all come from?\\\" If Bam is trying to ascertain the details surrounding a particular crime, the question has to be asked: what crime? James Knowlson believes \\\"that crime appears likely to be Calderón’s ‘original sin\",\n \"title\": \"What Where\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16812431\",\n \"text\": \"Mugged: Racial Demagoguery from the Seventies to Obama Mugged: Racial Demagoguery from the Seventies to Obama is a 2012 book by Ann Coulter that discusses race and liberalism. The book discusses the liberal left in the United States and how it has treated African Americans from the 1970s to the presidency of Barack Obama. Coulter states in the book that, in order to obtain the votes of African Americans, the Democratic Party has continually played the \\\"race card\\\" and accused the Republican Party of racism when it is not deserved. In relation to Barack Obama, Coulter said that he was\",\n \"title\": \"Mugged: Racial Demagoguery from the Seventies to Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13810768\",\n \"text\": \"Does' slows the pace down significantly from last week and focuses on telling a character-driven story. This is a welcome change; especially after the heavily plot-driven season five. However, with questions to answer and so much ground to cover during this final season, a better balance between plot and character wouldn't have been such a bad thing.\\\" Alan Sepinwall of \\\"The Star-Ledger\\\" wrote, \\\"Maybe I'll enjoy the 2004 scenes more when we get to some other characters … but this week it was largely a distraction from all that was happening on the island. And even the island scenes were\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Does\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3196939\",\n \"text\": \"at the domestic box office in its opening week and went on to earn $55 million at the North American box office, while grossing a further $16 million worldwide. Upon its initial release, critical reception for \\\"What Dreams May Come\\\" was mixed. On aggregating review website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 54%, based on 69 reviews, with an average score of 5.6/10. The site's critical consensus reads, \\\"An insubstantial plot overshadows the beautiful, surreal scenery.\\\" Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating based on reviews from top mainstream critics, calculated an average score of 44 out of\",\n \"title\": \"What Dreams May Come (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14066935\",\n \"text\": \"to the list of factors that render a defendant eligible for the death penalty, Obama said, \\\"We certainly don't think that we should [...] have this laundry list that does not make any distinctions between the run-of-the-mill armed robbery that results in death and systematic killings by a terrorist organization. And I think essentially what the reduction of aggravating factors does is, it says, 'Here's a narrower set of crimes that we think potentially at least could deserve the death penalty.'\\\" In his own words, \\\"While the evidence tells me that the death penalty does little to deter crime; I\",\n \"title\": \"Social policy of the Barack Obama administration\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["honolulu"],"string":"[\n \"honolulu\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":584,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"what did egyptians speak?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"15640412","text":"variety of Arabic, known as Egyptian Arabic or \"Masri. \"Additionally, a sizable minority of Egyptians living in Upper Egypt speak Sa'idi Arabic. Egyptians are predominantly adherents of Sunni Islam with a Shia minority and a significant proportion who follow native Sufi orders. A considerable percentage of Egyptians belong to the Coptic Orthodox Church, whose liturgical language, Coptic, is the most recent stage of the indigenous Egyptian language and is still used in prayers along with Arabic. Egyptians receive or have received several names: There are an estimated 92.1 million Egyptians. Most are native to Egypt, where Egyptians constitute around 91%","title":"Egyptians"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15640412\",\n \"text\": \"variety of Arabic, known as Egyptian Arabic or \\\"Masri. \\\"Additionally, a sizable minority of Egyptians living in Upper Egypt speak Sa'idi Arabic. Egyptians are predominantly adherents of Sunni Islam with a Shia minority and a significant proportion who follow native Sufi orders. A considerable percentage of Egyptians belong to the Coptic Orthodox Church, whose liturgical language, Coptic, is the most recent stage of the indigenous Egyptian language and is still used in prayers along with Arabic. Egyptians receive or have received several names: There are an estimated 92.1 million Egyptians. Most are native to Egypt, where Egyptians constitute around 91%\",\n \"title\": \"Egyptians\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"9176975","text":"Italians were the most closely connected to Egyptian society. San Marco ventures that the reason for this was that \"our people are noted for their spirit of tolerance, their lack of religious or nationalist chauvinism and, unlike other peoples, their aversion to appearing superior.\" All remaining Italian Egyptians speak Italian, while speaking Arabic and English as second language, and are Catholics. Italian Egyptians Italians in Egypt, also referred to as Italian Egyptians, are a community with a history that goes back to Roman times. Perhaps the most famous Italian Egyptian is Yolanda Christina Gigliotti known as Dalida. Diva, famous singer","title":"Italian Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"15640457","text":"the Byzantines' defeat. The relationship between the Greek Melkites and the Egyptian Copts had grown so bitter that most Egyptians did not put up heavy resistance against the Arabs. The new Muslim rulers moved the capital to Fustat and, through the 7th century, retained the existing Byzantine administrative structure with Greek as its language. Native Egyptians filled administrative ranks and continued to worship freely so long as they paid the jizya poll tax, in addition to a land tax that all Egyptians irrespective of religion also had to pay. The authority of the Miaphysite doctrine of the Coptic Church was","title":"Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"7347822","text":"'Dad?' Hurley comments that he did not expect Rose's husband to be white, before Jack quickly changes the subject. The producers felt it was important to address that they are an interracial couple, and that Hurley was saying what the audience would be thinking. Caldwell agreed with them and thought it would be odd if the issue was not addressed. Anderson also was glad that Hurley brought up the issue, and liked that Jack did not pay any attention. The episode gained 21.54 million American viewers in its first airing. What Kate Did \"What Kate Did\" is the 34th episode","title":"What Kate Did"},{"psg_id":"7578097","text":"as Dorry, Bryn McAuley as Joanna, and Dean Stockwell as \"Tramp\". A 1972 UK movie adaptation, \"Katy\", starred Clare Walker, and the 1962 eight-part TV series made in the UK, also called \"Katy\", featured rising star Susan Hampshire in the title role. In 2015, author Jacqueline Wilson wrote her novel \"Katy\", which is a modern retelling of \"What Katy Did\". The August 2016 edition of Storytime featured a new illustrated adaptation with illustrations by Italian artist Marco Guadalupi. \"What Katy Did\" was followed by four sequels: \"What Katy Did at School\" in which Katy and Clover attend the fictional Hillsover","title":"What Katy Did"},{"psg_id":"18937073","text":"quietest albums in Michael Gira’s catalog.\" What We Did What We Did is a collaborative studio album by Swans frontman Michael Gira and Windsor for the Derby member Dan Matz. It was released on November 13, 2001 through Gira's Young God Records label. \"What We Did\" has a considerably more pop-oriented and accessible sound, compared to Gira's other solo works. The majority of the lyrics on the album was written by Matz. Allmusic critic Thom Jurek described the album as \"a finely wrought album of relayed styles and layered textures enfolding one another into a music that could have only","title":"What We Did"},{"psg_id":"18937071","text":"What We Did What We Did is a collaborative studio album by Swans frontman Michael Gira and Windsor for the Derby member Dan Matz. It was released on November 13, 2001 through Gira's Young God Records label. \"What We Did\" has a considerably more pop-oriented and accessible sound, compared to Gira's other solo works. The majority of the lyrics on the album was written by Matz. Allmusic critic Thom Jurek described the album as \"a finely wrought album of relayed styles and layered textures enfolding one another into a music that could have only been made by these two men,","title":"What We Did"},{"psg_id":"7578098","text":"School (set in Hanover, New Hampshire); \"What Katy Did Next\", in which a new friend of Katy's takes her on a once-in-a-lifetime trip to Europe; \"Clover\", in which Katy is married and Clover accompanies her brother Phil to Colorado after he falls ill; and \"In the High Valley\", which shows the lives of a handful of young people living in the High Valley in Colorado, including Clover, Elsie and their husbands. What Katy Did What Katy Did is an 1872 children's book written by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey under her pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the adventures of a twelve-year-old","title":"What Katy Did"},{"psg_id":"15640433","text":"that made the language seem easier. It is also noteworthy that the Egyptian dialect is the most understood version of the Arabic language amongst the Arab world. This is because Egyptian movies have been the most influential in the Arabic movie industry and is therefore the most widespread. As a result, most Arabic countries have grown up listening to the dialect and therefore have no trouble understanding it, even though they actually speak their own. Originally the Egyptians wrote in hieroglyphics. At first the meaning of the hieroglyphics was unknown; until one day in the year 1799 Napoleón Bonaparte's soldiers","title":"Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"15640501","text":"(0.072), 19th Dynasty Qurneh (0.053), and 26th–30th Dynasty Giza (0.027) do not exhibit a directional increase through time... Thus, despite increasing foreign influence after the Second Intermediate Period, not only did Egyptian culture remain intact (Lloyd, 2000a), but the people themselves, as represented by the dental samples, appear biologically constant as well... Gebel Ramlah [Neolithic Nubian/Western Desert sample] is, in fact, significantly different from Badari based on the 22-trait MMD (Table 4). For that matter, the Neolithic Western Desert sample is significantly different from all others [but] is closest to predynastic and early dynastic samples. Egyptians Egyptians ( ; \"\";","title":"Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"15640445","text":"weary due to successive waves of foreign invasions. When the Romans annexed Egypt in 30 BC, the social structure created by the Greeks was largely retained, though the power of the Egyptian priesthood diminished. The Roman emperors lived abroad and did not perform the ceremonial functions of Egyptian kingship as the Ptolemies had. The art of mummy portraiture flourished, but Egypt became further stratified with Romans at the apex of the social pyramid, Greeks and Jews occupied the middle stratum, while Egyptians, who constituted the vast majority, were at the bottom. Egyptians paid a poll tax at full rate, Greeks","title":"Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"15640422","text":"did not accept that Egypt was a part of the Arab lands, and would not acknowledge that the Egyptian people were part of the Arab nation.\" The later 1930s would become a formative period for Arab nationalism in Egypt, in large part due to efforts by Syrian, Palestinian and Lebanese intellectuals. Arab-Islamic political sentiment was fueled by the solidarity felt between Egyptians struggling for independence from Britain and those across the Arab world engaged in similar anti-imperialist struggles. In particular, the growth of Zionism in neighboring Palestine was seen as a threat by many Egyptians and the cause of resistance","title":"Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"13579047","text":"Mrs. Ashe's brother, Ned, they fell in love. When Katy got home, she received a letter from Ned and blushed and ran to her room, leaving Clover and the reader thinking that Katy and Ned may get married in the future. What Katy Did Next What Katy Did Next (1886) is a children's book by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey, working under the pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the stories \"What Katy Did\" (1872) and \"What Katy Did At School\" (1873) and tells the adventures of Katy Carr as she travels to Europe. The book opens by reintroducing the Carr family","title":"What Katy Did Next"},{"psg_id":"13579043","text":"What Katy Did Next What Katy Did Next (1886) is a children's book by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey, working under the pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the stories \"What Katy Did\" (1872) and \"What Katy Did At School\" (1873) and tells the adventures of Katy Carr as she travels to Europe. The book opens by reintroducing the Carr family and introducing the widow Mrs. Ashe. Mrs. Ashe has her nephew, Walter, over for a visit and it is discovered that he has scarlet fever. Anxious that her only daughter Amy should not contract the disease, Amy is sent to live","title":"What Katy Did Next"},{"psg_id":"7578094","text":"Cousin Helen: Papa's niece; she cannot walk because of an accident years ago. Despite her suffering she is amusing, cheerful, and kind; just what Katy wants to be. After Katy's accident, Cousin Helen helps her adjust to her illness. Susan Coolidge shared her publisher, Roberts Brothers, with Louisa May Alcott, and \"What Katy Did\" helped satisfy the demand for naturalistic novels about girlhood that followed the 1868 success of \"Little Women\". Like Alcott, Coolidge heightened the realism of her novel by drawing on her own childhood memories. \"What Katy Did\" also illustrates social shifts. First the novel depicts the treatment","title":"What Katy Did"},{"psg_id":"15640421","text":"relative isolation of the Nile Valley and the mostly homogeneous indigenous non-Arab genetic ancestry/ethnicity of the inhabitants, regardless of current religious identity. One of Pharaonism's most notable advocates was Taha Hussein who remarked \"Pharaonism is deeply rooted in the spirits of the Egyptians. It will remain so, and it must continue and become stronger. The Egyptian is Pharaonic before being Arab.\" Pharaonism became the dominant mode of expression of Egyptian anti-colonial activists of the pre-war and inter-war periods. In 1931, following a visit to Egypt, Syrian Arab nationalist Sati' al-Husri remarked that \"[Egyptians] did not possess an Arab nationalist sentiment;","title":"Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"5753826","text":"album, \"Definitive Collection\", which reached number 1 in the UK Albums Chart in 2005. Paper Lace included this song on their 1974 album, \"Paper Lace\". I Did What I Did for Maria \"I Did What I Did for Maria\" is a song recorded by English singer Tony Christie. It was written and produced by Mitch Murray and Peter Callander, who were also responsible for Christie's \"Las Vegas\" and \"Avenues and Alleyways\". The song is about a widower who, on the eve of his execution, recalls how he remorselessly avenged his dead wife, hence the title. It was a number 2","title":"I Did What I Did for Maria"},{"psg_id":"5753825","text":"I Did What I Did for Maria \"I Did What I Did for Maria\" is a song recorded by English singer Tony Christie. It was written and produced by Mitch Murray and Peter Callander, who were also responsible for Christie's \"Las Vegas\" and \"Avenues and Alleyways\". The song is about a widower who, on the eve of his execution, recalls how he remorselessly avenged his dead wife, hence the title. It was a number 2 UK hit in June 1971, and was also a hit in Ireland, where it also reached number 2. The track later appeared on Christie's compilation","title":"I Did What I Did for Maria"},{"psg_id":"8334567","text":"– 0:31 16. \"A Little Buzz\" – 2:46 17. \"Kids Didn't Change\" – 0:54 18. \"Heaven Is Where the Heart Is\" – 5:03 What Did He Say? What Did He Say? is the second solo album released by bassist Victor Wooten. 1. \"Yo Victa\" – 0:07 2. \"What Did He Say?\" – 3:20 3. \"What You Won't Do for Love\" – 4:43 4. \"Cherokee\" – 1:49 5. \"Don't Wanna Cry\" – 5:07 6. \"The Lonliest Monk\" – 4:36 7. \"A Chance\" – 2:54 8. \"Radio W-OO-10\" – 1:06 9. \"Norwegian Wood\" – 4:52 10. \"Bro John\" – 4:18 11. \"Naima\"","title":"What Did He Say?"},{"psg_id":"8334566","text":"What Did He Say? What Did He Say? is the second solo album released by bassist Victor Wooten. 1. \"Yo Victa\" – 0:07 2. \"What Did He Say?\" – 3:20 3. \"What You Won't Do for Love\" – 4:43 4. \"Cherokee\" – 1:49 5. \"Don't Wanna Cry\" – 5:07 6. \"The Lonliest Monk\" – 4:36 7. \"A Chance\" – 2:54 8. \"Radio W-OO-10\" – 1:06 9. \"Norwegian Wood\" – 4:52 10. \"Bro John\" – 4:18 11. \"Naima\" – 5:57 12. \"Sometimes I Laugh\" – 3:20 13. \"My Life\" – 4:45 14. \"The Sojourn of Arjuna\" – 6:29 15. \"Buzz Ntro\"","title":"What Did He Say?"},{"psg_id":"3994152","text":"I Were You I Wouldn't<nowiki>\"</nowiki> in January 2016 on their YouTube account, followed by \"Fireball\" in June 2016, their first songs released since 'Zanzibar III : Analog Prison'. The band was named after friend's child said the phrase 'Mommy, look what I did', about a drawing to her mother when Barry was talking to her over the phone discussing what the band's name should be. Look What I Did Look What I Did is an American post-hardcore band, formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. The music combines elements of jazz/fusion, hardcore, metal, and progressive pop punk. The band is","title":"Look What I Did"},{"psg_id":"15536886","text":"Morsi's removal as a revolution and did not regard his overthrow as a coup. In December 2013, the older liberal Democratic Front Party merged into the Free Egyptians Party. In the same month, it was reported that the Free Egyptians Party had become part of the National Front Coalition, but in February 2014 the party clarified that it would not make sense to join an electoral alliance before the electoral law was even passed. The Free Egyptians supported the 2014 Egyptian constitution that was up for vote during the January 2014 constitutional referendum, which it passed with 98.1% (while the","title":"Free Egyptians Party"},{"psg_id":"7578085","text":"up: \"What Katy Did at School\" and \"What Katy Did Next\". Two further sequels relating the adventures of Katy's younger siblings were also published—\"Clover\" and \"In the High Valley\". The books were frequently reprinted and all are available online. Coolidge modeled Katy on her own childhood self, and the other 'Little Carrs' on her brothers and sisters. The title is a play on the katydid, a family of insects – which explains the insects on the first edition book cover. 12-year-old Katy Carr lives with her widowed father and her two brothers and three sisters in Burnet, a small midwestern","title":"What Katy Did"},{"psg_id":"7578084","text":"What Katy Did What Katy Did is an 1872 children's book written by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey under her pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the adventures of a twelve-year-old American girl, Katy Carr, and her family who live in the fictional lakeside Ohio town of Burnet in the 1860s. Katy is a tall untidy tomboy, forever getting into scrapes but wishing to be beautiful and beloved. When a terrible accident makes her an invalid, her illness and four-year recovery gradually teach her to be as good and kind as she has always wanted. Two sequels follow Katy as she grows","title":"What Katy Did"},{"psg_id":"7347814","text":"What Kate Did \"What Kate Did\" is the 34th episode of \"Lost\". It is the ninth episode of the second season. The episode was directed by Paul Edwards, and written by Steven Maeda and Craig Wright. It first aired on November 30, 2005, on ABC. The character of Kate Austen is featured in the episode's flashbacks. Kate Austen kills her alcoholic stepfather, Wayne Jansen, by blowing up his house. Kate confronts her mother, Diane Austen. Kate reveals that she took out an insurance policy under Diane's name. Later, Kate attempts to buy a ticket to Tallahassee, when she is arrested","title":"What Kate Did"},{"psg_id":"16918902","text":"Festival in Turkey. The film was released on DVD in Ireland on 8 February 2013. What Richard Did What Richard Did is a 2012 Irish film directed by Lenny Abrahamson and written by Malcolm Campbell. The film is loosely based on Kevin Power's \"Bad Day in Blackrock\", a fictionalised novel inspired by the real-life death of Brian Murphy in 2000. It won the best Irish film of the year award at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards and was the most commercially successful Irish film of 2012. It has screened at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival and the","title":"What Richard Did"},{"psg_id":"16918894","text":"What Richard Did What Richard Did is a 2012 Irish film directed by Lenny Abrahamson and written by Malcolm Campbell. The film is loosely based on Kevin Power's \"Bad Day in Blackrock\", a fictionalised novel inspired by the real-life death of Brian Murphy in 2000. It won the best Irish film of the year award at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards and was the most commercially successful Irish film of 2012. It has screened at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival and the BFI London Film Festival and was selected to screen at the Tribeca Film Festival in","title":"What Richard Did"},{"psg_id":"11856928","text":"early 20s. The story was adapted by Ellen Dryden for BBC Radio 4's Woman's Hour Drama in 2004. What Hetty Did What Hetty Did is the seventh novel by J.L. Carr, published in 1988 when he was 76 years old. The novel describes the experiences of an 18-year-old girl. Hetty Birtwisle has been brought up by adoptive parents in the Fens; after a beating by her father, discovering that she was adopted, she flees to Birmingham where she has learnt she was born and alters her surname to Beauchamp. Hetty Beauchamp comes across several characters from Carr's other novels in","title":"What Hetty Did"},{"psg_id":"11856925","text":"What Hetty Did What Hetty Did is the seventh novel by J.L. Carr, published in 1988 when he was 76 years old. The novel describes the experiences of an 18-year-old girl. Hetty Birtwisle has been brought up by adoptive parents in the Fens; after a beating by her father, discovering that she was adopted, she flees to Birmingham where she has learnt she was born and alters her surname to Beauchamp. Hetty Beauchamp comes across several characters from Carr's other novels in the boarding house in which she lives, including Emma Foxberrow, a teacher in \"The Harpole Report\" and Edward","title":"What Hetty Did"},{"psg_id":"3994147","text":"Look What I Did Look What I Did is an American post-hardcore band, formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. The music combines elements of jazz/fusion, hardcore, metal, and progressive pop punk. The band is known for its intense live show, described by Cincinnati CityBeat as a \"live act capable of unleashing a scary, uncontrolled intensity bordering on dangerous,\" and oft-satirical eccentric lyrics. Look What I Did was formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee by singer Barry Donegan and guitarist Colby Shea. Miles McPherson (drums, currently drumming for Kelly Clarkson) and Chris Bradley (bass) were added before the band's first","title":"Look What I Did"},{"psg_id":"18787754","text":"daughter. All three examples are connected by a chorus stating \"\"I'll take this one day and figure out what I did right / And I'll do it the same way for the rest of my life.\"\" Deborah Evans Price of \"Billboard\" reviewed the song favorably, saying that \"Like 'I Hope You Dance'…the song will touch a universal chord with everyone who has experienced a moment so perfect they wish they could capture it and live it over again.\" What I Did Right \"What I Did Right\" is a song recorded by American country music group Sons of the Desert. It","title":"What I Did Right"},{"psg_id":"17247248","text":"Thomas has also appeared advising on corsets on ABC's Nightline in 2012 and in the same year was nominated for Cosmopolitan's Businesswoman of the Year. The brand recreates designs from the 1950s including the bullet bra, which has been worn by celebrities such as Madonna and Rihanna. What Katie Did are also known for their steel boned corsets. Models for the company include Bernie Dexter, Missy Malone, Jami Deadly and Miss Polly Rae. What Katie Did (company) What Katie Did is a British lingerie design house founded in 1999 by Katie Thomas. In 1999, being unable to afford fully fashioned","title":"What Katie Did (company)"},{"psg_id":"17247247","text":"What Katie Did (company) What Katie Did is a British lingerie design house founded in 1999 by Katie Thomas. In 1999, being unable to afford fully fashioned stockings, Thomas decided to invest in nylons to sell at The London Fetish Fair. This led to Thomas creating her own website. In 2002, What Katie Did's first reproduction of the Bullet bra was launched, the first to be produced in the country. The next year, the company opened a boutique in London Portobello. In 2010, Thomas was asked to advise on an bra of Marilyn Monroe that was put up for auction.","title":"What Katie Did (company)"},{"psg_id":"15640496","text":"concluded similarly that \"the Egyptians have been in place since back in the Pleistocene and have been largely unaffected by either invasions or migrations. As others have noted, Egyptians are Egyptians, and they were so in the past as well.\" Genetic analysis of modern Egyptians reveals that they have paternal lineages common to indigenous North-East African populations primarily and to Near Eastern peoples to a lesser extent—these lineages would have spread during the Neolithic and were maintained by the predynastic period. University of Chicago Egyptologist Frank Yurco suggested a historical, regional and ethnolinguistic continuity, asserting that \"the mummies and skeletons","title":"Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"15640464","text":"of elegant tombs, mosques and palaces. It was a period in which learning flourished. Their rule is generally regarded as one under which Egyptians, Muslims and Copts, greatly suffered. By the 15th century most Egyptians had already been converted to Islam, while Coptic Christians were reduced to a minority. The Mamluks were mainly ethnic Circassians and Turks who had been captured as slaves then recruited into the army fighting on behalf of the Islamic empire. Native Egyptians were not allowed to serve in the army until the reign of Mohamed Ali. Historian James Jankwoski writes: Egyptians under the Ottoman Turks","title":"Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"15640439","text":"papyri and other sources depicting Egyptians farming, conducting trade expeditions, hunting, holding festivals, attending parties and receptions with their pet dogs, cats and monkeys, dancing and singing, enjoying food and drink, and playing games. The ancient Egyptians were also known for their engaging sense of humor, much like their modern descendants. Another important continuity during this period is the Egyptian attitude toward foreigners—those they considered not fortunate enough to be part of the community of \"rmṯ\" or \"the people\" (i.e., Egyptians.) This attitude was facilitated by the Egyptians' more frequent contact with other peoples during the New Kingdom, when Egypt","title":"Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"20595094","text":"100 to reviews from mainstream critics, \"Speak Your Mind\" has an average score of 62 based on eight reviews, indicating \"generally favorable reviews\". Notes Speak Your Mind Speak Your Mind is the debut studio album by British singer Anne-Marie, released on 27 April 2018 by Major Tom's and Asylum Records. Anne-Marie announced the album on 21 February 2018 and it was made available for pre-order two days later. Talking to Polish pop culture magazine \"Luvpop\" about the album's title, Anne-Marie said: \"I just feel like that's what I did on the album. I'm not a shy person anyway, I speak","title":"Speak Your Mind"},{"psg_id":"7263691","text":"2016, Shout! Factory released the film for the first time on Blu-ray Disc under their sub-label, Scream Factory. \"I Saw What You Did\" was remade for television in 1988 with Robert Carradine, David Carradine, Tammy Lauren and Shawnee Smith. I Saw What You Did I Saw What You Did is a 1965 American horror-thriller film released by Universal Pictures and starring Joan Crawford and John Ireland. The plot follows two teenage girls who find themselves in serious danger after making a prank phone call to a man who has just murdered his wife. The screenplay by William P. McGivern was","title":"I Saw What You Did"},{"psg_id":"10149533","text":"You Know What You Did \"You Know What You Did\" is the first episode of the third season of \"The Hills\". It originally aired on MTV on August 13, 2007. In the episode, Lauren Conrad ends her friendship with former housemate Heidi Montag after suspecting that Heidi and her boyfriend Spencer Pratt fabricated rumors of a sex tape involving Lauren and her ex-boyfriend Jason Wahler. The ensuing feud between the women becomes a central focus of the series, and is carried through each subsequent season in which Conrad appears. \"You Know What You Did\" was produced by Tony DiSanto, Adam","title":"You Know What You Did"},{"psg_id":"3994150","text":"the band signed a deal with new label Modernist Movement. The album \"Atlas Drugged\" was released on February 9, 2010 via Modernist Movement Recordings. Atlas Drugged was also produced by Brian Virtue. Decibel magazine referred to the band in a review of Atlas Drugged, \"Look What I Did crush on political philosophers, put Latin words in their song titles and generally get off on being a bunch of wiseasses to spazzed-out Adderall punk.\". The album title is play on Ayn Rand's 1957 novel 'Atlas Shrugged' In 2013, Look What I Did began revealing songs set to be released on their","title":"Look What I Did"},{"psg_id":"18787753","text":"What I Did Right \"What I Did Right\" is a song recorded by American country music group Sons of the Desert. It was released in February 2001 as the third single from the album \"Change\". The song reached number 22 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Lead singer Drew Womack wrote the song with Sonny LeMaire. The song is a ballad about treasuring moments in the narrator's life, using three examples: an expression of pride from a grandfather who fought in World War II, of love from the narrator's wife, and of comfort from the narrator's newborn","title":"What I Did Right"},{"psg_id":"16049221","text":"Australian iTunes Store. On Boxing Day 2011, a remix by Sander van Doorn was released to Beatport, released on Doorn Records. The single is billed to Kele vs. Sander van Doorn featuring Lucy Taylor. A music video (simply a re-edited version of the original video) was released. The songs music video was released on 13 September 2011 to Kele's official YouTube channel. As of 23 November 2011, the video has 295939 views. The music video was directed by Nova Dando, with the dancers styled by Nadine Artois. What Did I Do? \"What Did I Do?\" is a song by Kele","title":"What Did I Do?"},{"psg_id":"16049220","text":"What Did I Do? \"What Did I Do?\" is a song by Kele Okereke, released as the first single from his EP \"The Hunter\". The song's music video was released on 13 September 2011, with the song being released as a digital single in Japan 10 days later. The song features vocals from singer Lucy Taylor. The single was produced by constant collaborator XXXChange and mixed by Sub Focus. The single's cover is the same as the cover for \"The Hunter\" EP. On 16 November 2011, Liberator Music released a remix of the single by All The Lights to the","title":"What Did I Do?"},{"psg_id":"17542106","text":"live. The film is being distributed by MVD Entertainment, and was released on DVD in November 2012. It is also available on iTunes, Hulu, and Video-on-Demand. Writing in Punk News, John Gentile said, \"The wilder songs, like 'Audiowhore' where bassist Matt Gentling just gets completely down, stomping around like a T-rex, are nearly berserk, with the band approaching a Stooges-type thrash. 'What Did You Expect?' could pass for Fugazi's wilder side. Gentling just goes nuts on the bass, which is wild. Likewise, the mid-tempo songs like \"Freezing Point\" have an inherent urgency.\" What Did You Expect? (film) What Did You","title":"What Did You Expect? (film)"},{"psg_id":"15536884","text":"other partners were more concerned over the secular-Islamist divide than over the differences between the former regime and the forces of the revolution. In March 2012, former deputy chairman and member of parliament Mohamed Abu Hamed resigned from the party to become a leader of the Life of the Egyptians Party and later of the Egyptian Patriotic Movement. The Free Egyptians did not take part in the selection of members of the Constituent Assembly in June 2012, lamenting an over-representation of Islamists in it. It confirmed its calls to boycott the assembly in September 2012. Instead, the FEP participated in","title":"Free Egyptians Party"},{"psg_id":"17338140","text":"What Did I Do to You? \"What Did I Do to You?\" is a song recorded by British singer Lisa Stansfield for her 1989 album, \"Affection\". It was written by Stansfield, Ian Devaney and Andy Morris, and produced by Devaney and Morris. The song received positive reviews from music critics. \"What Did I Do to You?\" was released as the fourth European single on 30 April 1990. It included three previously unreleased songs written by Stansfield, Devaney and Morris: \"My Apple Heart,\" \"Lay Me Down\" and \"Something's Happenin'.\" \"What Did I Do to You?\" was remixed by Mark Saunders and","title":"What Did I Do to You?"},{"psg_id":"5525516","text":"the album's recording took place at Sound City in Los Angeles. The tracks \"Before I Speak\" and \"Doesn't Get Much Better\" were recorded in Riabko's bedroom at his parents' home just prior to the completion of the album. Three singles were released from the album: \"Carry On,\" \"Do You Right,\" and \"What Did I Get Myself Into.\" Before I Speak Before I Speak is the debut album from Canadian singer/songwriter Kyle Riabko. The album infuses R&B style with elements of funk and soul. The album was released a few months prior to Riabko's high school graduation. Each song on the","title":"Before I Speak"},{"psg_id":"12072057","text":"there was little evidence left of their presence. Egyptians historically have been averse to emigrating from their country, even when suffering with significant poverty. As such, prior to the late 1960s, only small numbers of Egyptians moved to the United Kingdom, and even then mostly for the purposes of study. As the Egyptian Revolution that began in 1952 developed an increasingly socialist character under Gamal Abdel Nasser, with the nationalisation of many private businesses, some upper and middle class Egyptians sought to leave the country. However, large scale emigration did not occur until after Egypt's defeat in the Six-Day War","title":"Egyptians in the United Kingdom"},{"psg_id":"20595088","text":"Speak Your Mind Speak Your Mind is the debut studio album by British singer Anne-Marie, released on 27 April 2018 by Major Tom's and Asylum Records. Anne-Marie announced the album on 21 February 2018 and it was made available for pre-order two days later. Talking to Polish pop culture magazine \"Luvpop\" about the album's title, Anne-Marie said: \"I just feel like that's what I did on the album. I'm not a shy person anyway, I speak my mind a lot and I am not... I don't hold anything in, I am honest with people and open. And I've just feel","title":"Speak Your Mind"},{"psg_id":"17542105","text":"What Did You Expect? (film) What Did You Expect?, which made its film festival debut in June, 2012, is a live concert documentary capturing the Archers of Loaf reunion tour, directed by Gorman Bechard. Indie rock icons the Archers of Loaf reunited in 2011, and during the course of their reunion tour played two legendary concerts at Cat's Cradle in Chapel Hill, NC. Combining in-your-face concert footage along with rare interviews of the band, this film by director Gorman Bechard documents those concerts, and captures the excitement and explosive energy of what its like to see this extraordinary band perform","title":"What Did You Expect? (film)"},{"psg_id":"15640451","text":"Egyptians were persecuted by Diocletian, many retreated to the desert to seek relief. The practice precipitated the rise of monasticism, for which the Egyptians, namely St. Antony, St. Bakhum, St. Shenouda and St. Amun, are credited as pioneers. By the end of the 4th century, it is estimated that the mass of the Egyptians had either embraced Christianity or were nominally Christian. The Catachetical School of Alexandria was founded in the 3rd century by Pantaenus, becoming a major school of Christian learning as well as science, mathematics and the humanities. The Psalms and part of the New Testament were translated","title":"Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"15640428","text":"inextricably linked, and emphasize the central role that Egypt plays in the Arab world. Others continue to believe that Egypt and Egyptians are simply not Arab, emphasizing indigenous Egyptian heritage, culture and independent polity, pointing to the perceived failures of Arab and pan-Arab nationalist policies. Egyptian anthropologist Laila el-Hamamsy illustrates the modern-day relationship between the two trends, stating: \"in light of their history, Egyptians ... should be conscious of their national identity and consider themselves, above all, Egyptians. How is the Egyptian, with this strong sense of Egyptian identity, able to look himself as an Arab too?\" Her explanation is","title":"Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"15640416","text":"States and western European countries tend to do so permanently, with 93% and 55.5% of Egyptians (respectively) settling in the new country. On the other hand, Egyptians migrating to Arab countries almost always only go there with the intention of returning to Egypt; virtually none settle in the new country on a permanent basis. Prior to 1974, only few Egyptian professionals had left the country in search for employment. Political, demographic and economic pressures led to the first wave of emigration after 1952. Later more Egyptians left their homeland first after the 1973 boom in oil prices and again in","title":"Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"15640414","text":"the number of urban and rural citizens. Egyptians also form smaller minorities in neighboring countries, North America, Europe and Australia. Egyptians also tend to be provincial, meaning their attachment extends not only to Egypt but to the specific provinces, towns and villages from which they hail. Therefore, return migrants, such as temporary workers abroad, come back to their region of origin in Egypt. According to the International Organization for Migration, an estimated 2.7 million Egyptians live abroad and contribute actively to the development of their country through remittances (US$7.8 billion in 2009), circulation of human and social capital, as well","title":"Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"15640484","text":"government corruption, and the widening gap between the country's rich and poor led to the eventual toppling of the monarchy and the dissolution of the parliament through a \"coup d'état\" by a group of army officers in 1952. The Egyptian Republic was declared on June 18, 1953 with General Muhammad Naguib as the first President of the Republic. After Naguib was forced to resign in 1954 and later put under house arrest by Gamal Abdel Nasser, the real architect of the 1952 movement, mass protests by Egyptians erupted against the forced resignation of what became a popular symbol of the","title":"Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"10885347","text":"of July 19, the final day of play, the Egyptians were in fifth place with a 29–35 (.453) record. Another Egyptians team played in the first Kentucky–Illinois–Tennessee League (KITTY League) from 1903 to 1906 as the Egyptians (1903), Champions (1904), and Giants (1905–1906). It resurfaced as the Egyptians from 1911 to 1914 in the second KITTY League, then returned from 1922 to 1924 in another incarnation of the league. For the final KITTY league, the team played from 1946 to 1950 before folding for good. From 1948 to 1949, they were a Brooklyn Dodgers affiliate known as the Cairo Dodgers.","title":"Cairo Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"4299756","text":"Casal, of Ryan Adams and the Cardinals, later listed \"What We Did on Our Holidays\" as one of his favourite albums of all time. What We Did on Our Holidays What We Did on Our Holidays (released as Fairport Convention in the United States) is the 1969 second album by the band Fairport Convention. It was their first album to feature singer-songwriter Sandy Denny, whose \"haunting, ethereal vocals gave Fairport a big boost\", according to Richie Unterberger. The album also showed a move towards the folk rock for which they became noted, including tracks later to become perennial favourites such","title":"What We Did on Our Holidays"},{"psg_id":"17849612","text":"film received positive reviews from critics. Review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reports a 73% rating based on 41 reviews with an average rating of 6.2/10. The site's consensus states: \"Witty and well-cast, \"What We Did on Our Holiday\" injects unlikely laughs into a story dealing with dark, difficult themes.\" On Metacritic, the film has a 54 out of 100 rating, based on 14 critics. What We Did on Our Holiday What We Did on Our Holiday is a 2014 British comedy-drama film written and directed by Andy Hamilton and Guy Jenkin. The film, starring David Tennant, Rosamund Pike, and Billy","title":"What We Did on Our Holiday"},{"psg_id":"13675535","text":"of the fan base. One deranged fanboy in particular, Jerome T. Kornacker, is so outraged that his favorite superheroine is being \"perverted,\" that he takes radical steps to stop the change. \"What They Did to Princess Paragon\" is a tongue-in-cheek look at the comic book industry, the artists who create comics, the corporations that publish and sell them, and the fans who support and consume the books. The story is also an exploration of 1990s lesbian feminist thought. What They Did to Princess Paragon What They Did to Princess Paragon is a humor novel by Robert Rodi, which tells the","title":"What They Did to Princess Paragon"},{"psg_id":"17576387","text":"Let the Music Speak\" had a theatrical quality. You could see \"Chess\" as a development from what we did with Abba\". I Let The Music Speak has lent its name to various media, including a 12 song album tribute to the songs of Benny and Bjorn by Anne Sofie von Otter, and also a book about ABBA entitled \"ABBA: Let The Music Speak\". The opening line \"I'm hearing images, I'm seeing songs, no poet has ever painted\" was included as the quote at the beginning of the chapter entitled \"'I let the music speak': cross domain application for a cognitive","title":"I Let the Music Speak"},{"psg_id":"15640415","text":"as investment. Approximately 70% of Egyptian migrants live in Arab countries (923,600 in Saudi Arabia, 332,600 in Libya, 226,850 in Jordan, 190,550 in Kuwait with the rest elsewhere in the region) and the remaining 30% are living mostly in Europe and North America (318,000 in the United States, 110,000 in Canada and 90,000 in Italy). A sizable Egyptian diaspora did not begin to form until well into the 1980s, when political and economic conditions began driving Egyptians out of the country in significant numbers. Today, the diaspora numbers nearly 4 million (2006 est). Generally, those who emigrate to the United","title":"Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"17338142","text":"1989–2003\" box set (2014), including previously unreleased Red Zone Mix by David Morales. European/UK 7\" single European/UK/Japanese CD single UK 10\" single European/UK 12\" single UK 12\" promotional single Other remixes What Did I Do to You? \"What Did I Do to You?\" is a song recorded by British singer Lisa Stansfield for her 1989 album, \"Affection\". It was written by Stansfield, Ian Devaney and Andy Morris, and produced by Devaney and Morris. The song received positive reviews from music critics. \"What Did I Do to You?\" was released as the fourth European single on 30 April 1990. It included","title":"What Did I Do to You?"},{"psg_id":"7263683","text":"I Saw What You Did I Saw What You Did is a 1965 American horror-thriller film released by Universal Pictures and starring Joan Crawford and John Ireland. The plot follows two teenage girls who find themselves in serious danger after making a prank phone call to a man who has just murdered his wife. The screenplay by William P. McGivern was based upon the 1964 novel \"Out of the Dark\" by Ursula Curtiss. The film was produced and directed by William Castle. When two mischievous teens Libby (Andi Garrett) and Kit (Sara Lane) are home alone with Libby's younger sister","title":"I Saw What You Did"},{"psg_id":"14693059","text":"bungee rope is identical to him doing the same on the cover of his newly released album \"Escapology\". Williams entrance was accompanied by \"Let Me Entertain You\", a song he often uses as the first song. As he often does, Williams dedicated his 12th song \"No Regrets\" to his former Take That bandmates Gary Barlow, Jason Orange, Mark Owen, and Howard Donald. The performance of \"Back for Good\" on the third night by Williams and Owen was not included in the main section of the DVD. What We Did Last Summer What We Did Last Summer – Robbie Williams: Live","title":"What We Did Last Summer"},{"psg_id":"14693058","text":"What We Did Last Summer What We Did Last Summer – Robbie Williams: Live at Knebworth is a live DVD by Robbie Williams, recorded between 1–3 August 2003 at Knebworth, England as part of the Weekends of Mass Distraction Tour, the second last venue on the first leg of the tour. The album is a DVD companion to the live album \"Live at Knebworth\" (also known as \"Live Summer 2003\"). The songs \"Nan's Song\", \"Better Man\" and \"Made Up Song\" all feature Robbie Williams on acoustic guitar. The show's opening with Williams making an entrance hanging upside down on a","title":"What We Did Last Summer"},{"psg_id":"11942400","text":"Retro Productions in New York City at the Spoon Theater. This production was attended and praised by A.R. Gurney and his extended family, and directed by Ric Sechrest. A professional revival was staged in Houston, Texas in 2003, directed by Kelley Williams. The Cast was as follows (2003): Charlie: (In alternating performances): Giddony Sanchez/ Shawn Anthony Anderson; Anna Trumbull: Sarah Douchez; Elsie: Jade Prudent; Grace: Elizabeth Keel; Bonny: Genieva Croley; Ted: John Ruiz. What I Did Last Summer What I Did Last Summer is a play by the American playwright A.R. Gurney. The setting is a well-to-do vacation colony on","title":"What I Did Last Summer"},{"psg_id":"10149545","text":"episode was the network's highest-rated broadcast that year. It was surpassed by \"Paris Changes Everything\", which served as the premiere for the second half of the season, on March 17, 2008; it attracted 4.8 million viewers in its original airing. In the United States, the third season was released as a four-disc DVD set on July 19, 2008. You Know What You Did \"You Know What You Did\" is the first episode of the third season of \"The Hills\". It originally aired on MTV on August 13, 2007. In the episode, Lauren Conrad ends her friendship with former housemate Heidi","title":"You Know What You Did"},{"psg_id":"10149544","text":"anything you'd get on \"All My Children\".\" Furthermore, Conrad's delivery of the titular line \"You know what you did!\" when speaking to Montag has been recognized as an iconic moment from the series; the staff from \"Us Weekly\" ranked the scene as the most memorable event from the program when recapping highlights from its six seasons in July 2010. In its original broadcast in the United States on August 13, 2007, \"You Know What You Did\" was watched by 3.6 million viewers. Consequently, it became the series' most-viewed episode at the time of its first airing; as August 2007, the","title":"You Know What You Did"},{"psg_id":"10149538","text":"is able to leave the club. Lauren and Audrina get into an argument with Heidi and Spencer outside of Les Deux, where Lauren delivers the now-famous quote \"You know what you did!\", elaborating that \"You started a sick little rumor about me! You're a sad, pathetic person.\" The following morning, Heidi explains to her co-worker Elodie Otto that she was unaware of said speculation, and still wants to reconcile with Lauren. Meanwhile, Lauren tells Whitney that she is saddened by the idea of losing her friend, although admits that she has benefited from their separation. \"You Know What You Did\"","title":"You Know What You Did"},{"psg_id":"10149534","text":"DiVello, Liz Gateley, Sara Mast, Andrew Perry, Jason Sands, Robyn Schnieders, Sean Travis, Michael \"Spike\" Van Briesen, and Rick Van Meter. The episode was met with generally favorable reviews from critics, who felt that the changed dynamic between Conrad and Montag was entertaining for television. It was additionally notable for Conrad's delivery of the titular line \"You know what you did!\" when speaking to Montag, which has since been recognized as an iconic moment from the series. According to Nielsen ratings, \"You Know What You Did\" was watched by 3.6 million viewers in its original airing. The episode was released","title":"You Know What You Did"},{"psg_id":"11511027","text":"Egyptians in Italy There is a significant community of Egyptians in Italy. , Egypt's Ministry of Manpower and Emigration estimated that there were 210,000 Egyptians in Italy, making up roughly 41% of the 510,000 Egyptians in Europe and nearly triple the size of the next-largest community, namely Egyptians in the United Kingdom. As early as the 2nd century BC, there is strong evidence for an Egyptian presence in Italy, in various professions including bankers, surgeons, actors, musicians, fortune tellers, soldiers, slaves, and the like. In early modern times, after Napoleon's 1798-1801 Egypt Campaign, the degree of contact between Egypt and","title":"Egyptians in Italy"},{"psg_id":"7578096","text":"in her bedroom, makes the best of things and waits, hoping to outgrow her injury. There is no physical therapy – instead Katy is warned to avoid too much movement lest she \"set herself back\". Cousin Helen manages to travel a little, and even goes for a hydrotherapy water cure at one point, but it is made clear that she has no hope of ever walking again. Two TV movies and a brief TV series have been based on \"What Katy Did\". The most recent film (1999) starred Alison Pill as Katy, with Megan Follows as Cousin Helen, Michael Cera","title":"What Katy Did"},{"psg_id":"16918901","text":"of the young, it is their elders who insist on wriggling away from blame. \"What Richard Did\" is an engrossing and intelligent drama that throbs in the mind for hours after the final credits\". In February 2013, the film picked up five awards at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards including the award for Best Film. Jack Reynor won for Actor Lead Film whilst Lenny Abrahamson and Malcolm Campbell picked up awards for Best Director and Script with Nathan Nugent winning for Editing Film. In May 2013, It won the Golden Tulip (best movie) at The Istanbul International Film","title":"What Richard Did"},{"psg_id":"16918900","text":"Power, author of the book that was the source material for the movie, the university scenes at the end of the film were shot at University College Dublin. Reviews for \"What Richard Did\" were overwhelmingly positive. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 93% approval rating with an average rating of 7.6/10 based on 30 reviews. On the review aggregator Metacritic, the film has a score of 80 out of 100, based on 13 critics, indicating \"generally favorable reviews\". Peter Bradshaw, writing in \"The Guardian\", called the film slow-burning and disturbing. \"Abrahamson shows that whatever the failings and weaknesses","title":"What Richard Did"},{"psg_id":"16918899","text":"Unlike Abrahamson's previous two films, the screenplay for \"What Richard Did\" was not written by Mark O'Halloran but by Malcolm Campbell. The details of the plot deviate significantly from the source novel. The director worked with the cast for a full year in advance of production while script development was ongoing, holding a series of workshops in an effort to make successive drafts more reflective of contemporary Irish youth culture. Shot on location in Dublin and Wicklow, the film was financed by the Irish Film Board and Screen Scene, and was produced by Element Pictures. At the request of Kevin","title":"What Richard Did"},{"psg_id":"11856927","text":"postage mistakenly on the cost of sending a Penguin paperback, and \"What Hetty Did\" was printed on superior paper with card covers, so it was heavier than expected and he lost money on postage. However the book sold well at £3.95 a copy and he soon had another 3,000 copies printed. The novel is still published by The Quince Tree Press. The book is notable for the fact that he gave his name as James Carr on the spine and J.L. Carr on the front. Carr was christened Joseph Lloyd and adopted the name 'Jim' or even 'James' in his","title":"What Hetty Did"},{"psg_id":"7263690","text":"in William Castle's egregiously low-budgeted \"I Saw What You Did\", an attempt at terror starring Joan Crawford and John Ireland.\" \"Variety\" commented, \"[The film] is a well-produced, well-acted entry in the suspense-terror field. ... [Crawford's] slightest gesture or expression ... conveys vivid emotion.\" \"I Saw What You Did\" was released by Anchor Bay Entertainment on VHS and Region 1 DVD on August 24, 1999; both releases are long out of print. On May 23, 2014, it was re-released as an exclusive DVD-R by Universal as part of its Universal Vault Series, but in a full frame presentation. On May 17,","title":"I Saw What You Did"},{"psg_id":"11942392","text":"What I Did Last Summer What I Did Last Summer is a play by the American playwright A.R. Gurney. The setting is a well-to-do vacation colony on the shores of Lake Erie, the time 1945, during the final stages of World War II. Charlie, an incipiently rebellious fourteen-year-old, is summering with his mother and sister (his father is fighting in the Pacific) before going off to an expensive boarding school in the fall. Although he intended to spend the summer loafing and socializing with his friends (such as Ted), the need for spending money forces him to take a job","title":"What I Did Last Summer"},{"psg_id":"5038112","text":"is difficult to tell from what group the text originated. Another comparable verse appended to the \"Gospel of Thomas\", probably in Egypt, reads: The so-called Second Epistle of Clement (12:2) closely paraphrases a passage that was also quoted by Clement of Alexandria (in \"Stromateis\" iii): The trope appears in the \"Gospel of Thomas\", saying (37): For a somewhat later Gnostic work assigning a prominent role to Jesus' female disciples, see \"Pistis Sophia\". Greek Gospel of the Egyptians The Greek \"Gospel of the Egyptians\" is an early Christian religious text. Its title is adopted from its opening line. The Greek Gospel","title":"Greek Gospel of the Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"3135880","text":"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer I Still Know What You Did Last Summer is a 1998 American-Mexican slasher film and a sequel to the 1997 film \"I Know What You Did Last Summer\". Directed by Danny Cannon, the film was written by Trey Callaway, and features characters originally created in Lois Duncan's 1973 novel \"I Know What You Did Last Summer\". Jennifer Love Hewitt, Freddie Prinze, Jr. and Muse Watson reprise their roles, with Brandy, Mekhi Phifer, Jennifer Esposito, and Matthew Settle joining the cast. \"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\" continues after the events","title":"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer"},{"psg_id":"13675534","text":"What They Did to Princess Paragon What They Did to Princess Paragon is a humor novel by Robert Rodi, which tells the story of what happens when a venerable comic book superheroine is retconned as a lesbian. Gay comic book creator Brian Parrish is hired by Bang Comics to take over \"Princess Paragon\", a superhero comic book that's been around since the 1940s, but whose sales are slumping badly by the 1990s. Parrish decides to reimagine Princess Paragon as a lesbian, a move which causes quite a bit of excitement and publicity for Bang, but also causes consternation among some","title":"What They Did to Princess Paragon"},{"psg_id":"9176966","text":"communities in Egypt, migration back to Italy and the West reduced the size of the community greatly due to wartime internment and the rise of Nasserist nationalism against Westerners. After the war many members of the Italian community related to the defeated Italian expansion in Egypt were forced to move away, starting a process of reduction and disappearance of the Italian Egyptians. After 1952 the Italian Egyptians were reduced - from the nearly 60,000 of 1940 - to just a few thousands. Most Italian Egyptians returned to Italy during the 1950s and 1960s, although a few Italians continue to live","title":"Italian Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"10885348","text":"Cairo Egyptians The Cairo Egyptians were a minor league baseball team from Cairo, Illinois, that played in the Kentucky–Illinois–Tennessee League (KITTY League) on and off from 1903–1950 and in the Central League in 1897. On January 18, 1897, the Cairo Egyptians, based in Cairo, Illinois, were formed as a charter member of the Class C Central League. Joining the Egyptions in the six-team league were the Evansville Brewers, Nashville Centennials, Paducah Little Colonels, Terre Haute Hottentots, and Washington Browns. Cairo's uniforms were gray and black. Severe financial problems throughout the circuit forced the league to disband on July 20. As","title":"Cairo Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"10885346","text":"Cairo Egyptians The Cairo Egyptians were a minor league baseball team from Cairo, Illinois, that played in the Kentucky–Illinois–Tennessee League (KITTY League) on and off from 1903–1950 and in the Central League in 1897. On January 18, 1897, the Cairo Egyptians, based in Cairo, Illinois, were formed as a charter member of the Class C Central League. Joining the Egyptions in the six-team league were the Evansville Brewers, Nashville Centennials, Paducah Little Colonels, Terre Haute Hottentots, and Washington Browns. Cairo's uniforms were gray and black. Severe financial problems throughout the circuit forced the league to disband on July 20. As","title":"Cairo Egyptians"},{"psg_id":"15536893","text":"Party and the explosive rise of the Future of the Nation Party, the Free Egyptians Party is no longer seen as the political force it once was, and is widely expected to lose many seats in the next parliamentary elections. Free Egyptians Party The Free Egyptians Party ( ) is an Egyptian liberal party, founded after the 2011 Egyptian revolution. It supports the principles of a liberal, democratic, and secular political order in Egypt. The Free Egyptians Party is the largest party in the House of Representatives. On 3 April 2011, the engineer and businessman Naguib Sawiris, and a group","title":"Free Egyptians Party"},{"psg_id":"15536888","text":"Secretary General. After holding the first congress of the party on 10 May 2013 Ahmed Said was elected as the first elected president of the Free Egyptians Party. After the merger of the Democratic Front Party into the Free Egyptians Party, at the first Supreme Council meeting on 28 April 2014 Essam Khalil was elected to be General Secretary. in December 2015, Free Egyptians Party elected his leader Essam Khalil with 84% of votes to be the second elected president. The first elected Political Bureau of the Free Egyptians Party: Board of trustees was approved in the first congress of","title":"Free Egyptians Party"},{"psg_id":"11511029","text":"to dominate traditionally Italian trades such as pizza and other baked products. Other Egyptian businesses in Milan include coffee shops, restaurants, and halal butchers. Egyptians in Italy are generally Muslim. Egyptian migrants increasingly prefer their children to maintain religious endogamy, especially in the case of their daughters. More than 27% of Egyptian citizens in Italy however are Coptic Christians, numbering 25,000 and are heavily concentrated in the Milan metropolitan area. Egyptians in Italy There is a significant community of Egyptians in Italy. , Egypt's Ministry of Manpower and Emigration estimated that there were 210,000 Egyptians in Italy, making up roughly","title":"Egyptians in Italy"},{"psg_id":"10802423","text":"What Did the Biblical Writers Know and When Did They Know It? What Did the Biblical Writers Know and When Did They Know It? is a book by biblical scholar and archaeologist William G. Dever detailing his response to the claims of minimalists to the historicity and value of the Hebrew Bible. Dever's book is a response to recent trends in biblical scholarship and biblical archaeology which question whether the bible can be used as a reliable tool for interpreting history. The book begins with Dever's explanation of the \"minimalist\" position, which holds that the bible is a product of","title":"What Did the Biblical Writers Know and When Did They Know It?"},{"psg_id":"20092678","text":"earthy, quirky additions\". \"Look at What the Light Did Now\" won the 'DVD of the Year' prize at the 2012 Juno Awards in Canada, and was nominated for the Sound & Vision Award at CPH:DOX in Denmark. Feature Length Documentary Music videos Live Performances from The Reminder Tour 2007-2009 Tracks 9-12: Chilly Gonzales Original Score - Songs from The Reminder improvised and performed on solo piano. Total running time: 58:43 Look at What the Light Did Now Look at What the Light Did Now is a documentary/live album DVD/CD by Canadian indie pop artist Feist, first released in December 2010.","title":"Look at What the Light Did Now"},{"psg_id":"20092676","text":"Kinks and Peggy Lee, and two studio recordings of a new song, \"Look at What the Light Did Now\", written by Little Wings. Prior to its December 2010 home video release, the documentary screened at number of international fall festivals, including the 2010 Raindance Film Festival in London, CPH:DOX in Copenhagen, and the Pop Montreal music festival in Quebec. \"Look at What the Light Did Now\" marks both Feist's first official documentary and first official live album. \"Look at What the Light Did Now\" received limited reviews upon release that were mostly positive. Music site Drowned in Sound gave the","title":"Look at What the Light Did Now"},{"psg_id":"1872896","text":"It was also spoofed in \"The Simpsons\" \"Treehouse of Horror X\" as “I Know What You Diddly-Did”, with Ned Flanders as the killer. I Know What You Did Last Summer I Know What You Did Last Summer is a 1997 American slasher film directed by Jim Gillespie, written by Kevin Williamson, and starring Jennifer Love Hewitt, Sarah Michelle Gellar, Ryan Phillippe, and Freddie Prinze Jr., with Anne Heche, Bridgette Wilson, and Johnny Galecki appearing in supporting roles. Loosely based on the 1973 novel of the same name by Lois Duncan, the film centers on four young friends who are stalked","title":"I Know What You Did Last Summer"},{"psg_id":"14196352","text":"a steady schedule of live dates while working with Stern, recording \"Sgt. Pecker\", \"F Jackie\", and \"The Very Best of Jackie Martling's Talking Joke Book Cassettes, Vol. 1\". What Did You Expect? (Jackie Martling album) What Did You Expect? is an album by American comedian, comedy writer and radio personality Jackie Martling. The album was released on Martling's Off Hour Rockers label on September 12, 1979. In 1979, Martling issued his debut LP, \"What Did You Expect?\" He released two more albums, 1980's \"Goin' Ape!\" and 1981's \"Normal People Are People You Don't Know That Well\". Martling sent all three","title":"What Did You Expect? (Jackie Martling album)"},{"psg_id":"14196351","text":"What Did You Expect? (Jackie Martling album) What Did You Expect? is an album by American comedian, comedy writer and radio personality Jackie Martling. The album was released on Martling's Off Hour Rockers label on September 12, 1979. In 1979, Martling issued his debut LP, \"What Did You Expect?\" He released two more albums, 1980's \"Goin' Ape!\" and 1981's \"Normal People Are People You Don't Know That Well\". Martling sent all three records to fledgling New York City disk jockey Howard Stern. By 1986, he was a full-time member of Stern's show, later becoming the program's head writer. Martling maintained","title":"What Did You Expect? (Jackie Martling album)"},{"psg_id":"13633202","text":"ends. In his book \"Nightmare Movies: Horror on Screen Since the 1960s\", Kim Newman argues that \"I Saw What You Did\" was responsible for the eventual creation of Dark Castle Entertainment, a production company that created remakes of horror films. In \"Joan Crawford: The Essential Biography\", Lawrence J. Quirk and William Schoell refer to the film as \"abysmall\" and consider it inferior to the original. Similarly, in his book \"Movie and Video Guide 1993\", film critic Leonard Maltin refers to the film as \"bland\", compared to the original. I Saw What You Did (1988 film) I Saw What You Did","title":"I Saw What You Did (1988 film)"},{"psg_id":"9651732","text":"as Mellencamp told \"Rolling Stone\" in late 1980, \"I was looking for a typical heavy woman to convey a lower-middle-class way of living.\" The remastered version of \"Nothin' Matters and What If It Did\" was released March 29, 2005 on Mercury/Island/UMe and includes one bonus track, \"Latest Game,\" which, according to the liner notes, was taken from the sessions for Mellencamp's 1982 album \"American Fool\". The album is certified Platinum by the RIAA. Album Singles Nothin' Matters and What If It Did Nothin' Matters and What If It Did is John Mellencamp's fourth studio album, under his pseudonym of John","title":"Nothin' Matters and What If It Did"},{"psg_id":"7327697","text":"I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer is a 2006 American slasher film. Released direct-to-video, the film is the third and final installment of \"I Know What You Did Last Summer\" series, but does not have any of the cast returning from the first two installments. The film instead takes the basic myth of the series and starts it over with a new set of characters. \"I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer\" was released on DVD and Blu-ray on August 15, 2006. In 2005, Amber Williams (Brooke Nevin), her","title":"I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer"},{"psg_id":"3135894","text":"to Say Goodbye\". A music video for \"How Do I Deal\" was made available to music television networks. On August 15, 2006, a straight-to-DVD sequel titled \"I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer\" was released. The film is unrelated to the two previous films, and features no returning cast members. It was originally proposed to continue where \"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\" left off. Instead, the film features an unrelated plot with a brief mention of the first two films. I Still Know What You Did Last Summer I Still Know What You Did Last Summer","title":"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9176975\",\n \"text\": \"Italians were the most closely connected to Egyptian society. San Marco ventures that the reason for this was that \\\"our people are noted for their spirit of tolerance, their lack of religious or nationalist chauvinism and, unlike other peoples, their aversion to appearing superior.\\\" All remaining Italian Egyptians speak Italian, while speaking Arabic and English as second language, and are Catholics. Italian Egyptians Italians in Egypt, also referred to as Italian Egyptians, are a community with a history that goes back to Roman times. Perhaps the most famous Italian Egyptian is Yolanda Christina Gigliotti known as Dalida. Diva, famous singer\",\n \"title\": \"Italian Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15640457\",\n \"text\": \"the Byzantines' defeat. The relationship between the Greek Melkites and the Egyptian Copts had grown so bitter that most Egyptians did not put up heavy resistance against the Arabs. The new Muslim rulers moved the capital to Fustat and, through the 7th century, retained the existing Byzantine administrative structure with Greek as its language. Native Egyptians filled administrative ranks and continued to worship freely so long as they paid the jizya poll tax, in addition to a land tax that all Egyptians irrespective of religion also had to pay. The authority of the Miaphysite doctrine of the Coptic Church was\",\n \"title\": \"Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7347822\",\n \"text\": \"'Dad?' Hurley comments that he did not expect Rose's husband to be white, before Jack quickly changes the subject. The producers felt it was important to address that they are an interracial couple, and that Hurley was saying what the audience would be thinking. Caldwell agreed with them and thought it would be odd if the issue was not addressed. Anderson also was glad that Hurley brought up the issue, and liked that Jack did not pay any attention. The episode gained 21.54 million American viewers in its first airing. What Kate Did \\\"What Kate Did\\\" is the 34th episode\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7578097\",\n \"text\": \"as Dorry, Bryn McAuley as Joanna, and Dean Stockwell as \\\"Tramp\\\". A 1972 UK movie adaptation, \\\"Katy\\\", starred Clare Walker, and the 1962 eight-part TV series made in the UK, also called \\\"Katy\\\", featured rising star Susan Hampshire in the title role. In 2015, author Jacqueline Wilson wrote her novel \\\"Katy\\\", which is a modern retelling of \\\"What Katy Did\\\". The August 2016 edition of Storytime featured a new illustrated adaptation with illustrations by Italian artist Marco Guadalupi. \\\"What Katy Did\\\" was followed by four sequels: \\\"What Katy Did at School\\\" in which Katy and Clover attend the fictional Hillsover\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18937073\",\n \"text\": \"quietest albums in Michael Gira’s catalog.\\\" What We Did What We Did is a collaborative studio album by Swans frontman Michael Gira and Windsor for the Derby member Dan Matz. It was released on November 13, 2001 through Gira's Young God Records label. \\\"What We Did\\\" has a considerably more pop-oriented and accessible sound, compared to Gira's other solo works. The majority of the lyrics on the album was written by Matz. Allmusic critic Thom Jurek described the album as \\\"a finely wrought album of relayed styles and layered textures enfolding one another into a music that could have only\",\n \"title\": \"What We Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18937071\",\n \"text\": \"What We Did What We Did is a collaborative studio album by Swans frontman Michael Gira and Windsor for the Derby member Dan Matz. It was released on November 13, 2001 through Gira's Young God Records label. \\\"What We Did\\\" has a considerably more pop-oriented and accessible sound, compared to Gira's other solo works. The majority of the lyrics on the album was written by Matz. Allmusic critic Thom Jurek described the album as \\\"a finely wrought album of relayed styles and layered textures enfolding one another into a music that could have only been made by these two men,\",\n \"title\": \"What We Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7578098\",\n \"text\": \"School (set in Hanover, New Hampshire); \\\"What Katy Did Next\\\", in which a new friend of Katy's takes her on a once-in-a-lifetime trip to Europe; \\\"Clover\\\", in which Katy is married and Clover accompanies her brother Phil to Colorado after he falls ill; and \\\"In the High Valley\\\", which shows the lives of a handful of young people living in the High Valley in Colorado, including Clover, Elsie and their husbands. What Katy Did What Katy Did is an 1872 children's book written by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey under her pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the adventures of a twelve-year-old\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15640433\",\n \"text\": \"that made the language seem easier. It is also noteworthy that the Egyptian dialect is the most understood version of the Arabic language amongst the Arab world. This is because Egyptian movies have been the most influential in the Arabic movie industry and is therefore the most widespread. As a result, most Arabic countries have grown up listening to the dialect and therefore have no trouble understanding it, even though they actually speak their own. Originally the Egyptians wrote in hieroglyphics. At first the meaning of the hieroglyphics was unknown; until one day in the year 1799 Napoleón Bonaparte's soldiers\",\n \"title\": \"Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15640501\",\n \"text\": \"(0.072), 19th Dynasty Qurneh (0.053), and 26th–30th Dynasty Giza (0.027) do not exhibit a directional increase through time... Thus, despite increasing foreign influence after the Second Intermediate Period, not only did Egyptian culture remain intact (Lloyd, 2000a), but the people themselves, as represented by the dental samples, appear biologically constant as well... Gebel Ramlah [Neolithic Nubian/Western Desert sample] is, in fact, significantly different from Badari based on the 22-trait MMD (Table 4). For that matter, the Neolithic Western Desert sample is significantly different from all others [but] is closest to predynastic and early dynastic samples. Egyptians Egyptians ( ; \\\"\\\";\",\n \"title\": \"Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15640445\",\n \"text\": \"weary due to successive waves of foreign invasions. When the Romans annexed Egypt in 30 BC, the social structure created by the Greeks was largely retained, though the power of the Egyptian priesthood diminished. The Roman emperors lived abroad and did not perform the ceremonial functions of Egyptian kingship as the Ptolemies had. The art of mummy portraiture flourished, but Egypt became further stratified with Romans at the apex of the social pyramid, Greeks and Jews occupied the middle stratum, while Egyptians, who constituted the vast majority, were at the bottom. Egyptians paid a poll tax at full rate, Greeks\",\n \"title\": \"Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15640422\",\n \"text\": \"did not accept that Egypt was a part of the Arab lands, and would not acknowledge that the Egyptian people were part of the Arab nation.\\\" The later 1930s would become a formative period for Arab nationalism in Egypt, in large part due to efforts by Syrian, Palestinian and Lebanese intellectuals. Arab-Islamic political sentiment was fueled by the solidarity felt between Egyptians struggling for independence from Britain and those across the Arab world engaged in similar anti-imperialist struggles. In particular, the growth of Zionism in neighboring Palestine was seen as a threat by many Egyptians and the cause of resistance\",\n \"title\": \"Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579047\",\n \"text\": \"Mrs. Ashe's brother, Ned, they fell in love. When Katy got home, she received a letter from Ned and blushed and ran to her room, leaving Clover and the reader thinking that Katy and Ned may get married in the future. What Katy Did Next What Katy Did Next (1886) is a children's book by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey, working under the pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the stories \\\"What Katy Did\\\" (1872) and \\\"What Katy Did At School\\\" (1873) and tells the adventures of Katy Carr as she travels to Europe. The book opens by reintroducing the Carr family\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did Next\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579043\",\n \"text\": \"What Katy Did Next What Katy Did Next (1886) is a children's book by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey, working under the pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the stories \\\"What Katy Did\\\" (1872) and \\\"What Katy Did At School\\\" (1873) and tells the adventures of Katy Carr as she travels to Europe. The book opens by reintroducing the Carr family and introducing the widow Mrs. Ashe. Mrs. Ashe has her nephew, Walter, over for a visit and it is discovered that he has scarlet fever. Anxious that her only daughter Amy should not contract the disease, Amy is sent to live\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did Next\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7578094\",\n \"text\": \"Cousin Helen: Papa's niece; she cannot walk because of an accident years ago. Despite her suffering she is amusing, cheerful, and kind; just what Katy wants to be. After Katy's accident, Cousin Helen helps her adjust to her illness. Susan Coolidge shared her publisher, Roberts Brothers, with Louisa May Alcott, and \\\"What Katy Did\\\" helped satisfy the demand for naturalistic novels about girlhood that followed the 1868 success of \\\"Little Women\\\". Like Alcott, Coolidge heightened the realism of her novel by drawing on her own childhood memories. \\\"What Katy Did\\\" also illustrates social shifts. First the novel depicts the treatment\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15640421\",\n \"text\": \"relative isolation of the Nile Valley and the mostly homogeneous indigenous non-Arab genetic ancestry/ethnicity of the inhabitants, regardless of current religious identity. One of Pharaonism's most notable advocates was Taha Hussein who remarked \\\"Pharaonism is deeply rooted in the spirits of the Egyptians. It will remain so, and it must continue and become stronger. The Egyptian is Pharaonic before being Arab.\\\" Pharaonism became the dominant mode of expression of Egyptian anti-colonial activists of the pre-war and inter-war periods. In 1931, following a visit to Egypt, Syrian Arab nationalist Sati' al-Husri remarked that \\\"[Egyptians] did not possess an Arab nationalist sentiment;\",\n \"title\": \"Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5753826\",\n \"text\": \"album, \\\"Definitive Collection\\\", which reached number 1 in the UK Albums Chart in 2005. Paper Lace included this song on their 1974 album, \\\"Paper Lace\\\". I Did What I Did for Maria \\\"I Did What I Did for Maria\\\" is a song recorded by English singer Tony Christie. It was written and produced by Mitch Murray and Peter Callander, who were also responsible for Christie's \\\"Las Vegas\\\" and \\\"Avenues and Alleyways\\\". The song is about a widower who, on the eve of his execution, recalls how he remorselessly avenged his dead wife, hence the title. It was a number 2\",\n \"title\": \"I Did What I Did for Maria\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5753825\",\n \"text\": \"I Did What I Did for Maria \\\"I Did What I Did for Maria\\\" is a song recorded by English singer Tony Christie. It was written and produced by Mitch Murray and Peter Callander, who were also responsible for Christie's \\\"Las Vegas\\\" and \\\"Avenues and Alleyways\\\". The song is about a widower who, on the eve of his execution, recalls how he remorselessly avenged his dead wife, hence the title. It was a number 2 UK hit in June 1971, and was also a hit in Ireland, where it also reached number 2. The track later appeared on Christie's compilation\",\n \"title\": \"I Did What I Did for Maria\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8334567\",\n \"text\": \"– 0:31 16. \\\"A Little Buzz\\\" – 2:46 17. \\\"Kids Didn't Change\\\" – 0:54 18. \\\"Heaven Is Where the Heart Is\\\" – 5:03 What Did He Say? What Did He Say? is the second solo album released by bassist Victor Wooten. 1. \\\"Yo Victa\\\" – 0:07 2. \\\"What Did He Say?\\\" – 3:20 3. \\\"What You Won't Do for Love\\\" – 4:43 4. \\\"Cherokee\\\" – 1:49 5. \\\"Don't Wanna Cry\\\" – 5:07 6. \\\"The Lonliest Monk\\\" – 4:36 7. \\\"A Chance\\\" – 2:54 8. \\\"Radio W-OO-10\\\" – 1:06 9. \\\"Norwegian Wood\\\" – 4:52 10. \\\"Bro John\\\" – 4:18 11. \\\"Naima\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"What Did He Say?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8334566\",\n \"text\": \"What Did He Say? What Did He Say? is the second solo album released by bassist Victor Wooten. 1. \\\"Yo Victa\\\" – 0:07 2. \\\"What Did He Say?\\\" – 3:20 3. \\\"What You Won't Do for Love\\\" – 4:43 4. \\\"Cherokee\\\" – 1:49 5. \\\"Don't Wanna Cry\\\" – 5:07 6. \\\"The Lonliest Monk\\\" – 4:36 7. \\\"A Chance\\\" – 2:54 8. \\\"Radio W-OO-10\\\" – 1:06 9. \\\"Norwegian Wood\\\" – 4:52 10. \\\"Bro John\\\" – 4:18 11. \\\"Naima\\\" – 5:57 12. \\\"Sometimes I Laugh\\\" – 3:20 13. \\\"My Life\\\" – 4:45 14. \\\"The Sojourn of Arjuna\\\" – 6:29 15. \\\"Buzz Ntro\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"What Did He Say?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3994152\",\n \"text\": \"I Were You I Wouldn't<nowiki>\\\"</nowiki> in January 2016 on their YouTube account, followed by \\\"Fireball\\\" in June 2016, their first songs released since 'Zanzibar III : Analog Prison'. The band was named after friend's child said the phrase 'Mommy, look what I did', about a drawing to her mother when Barry was talking to her over the phone discussing what the band's name should be. Look What I Did Look What I Did is an American post-hardcore band, formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. The music combines elements of jazz/fusion, hardcore, metal, and progressive pop punk. The band is\",\n \"title\": \"Look What I Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15536886\",\n \"text\": \"Morsi's removal as a revolution and did not regard his overthrow as a coup. In December 2013, the older liberal Democratic Front Party merged into the Free Egyptians Party. In the same month, it was reported that the Free Egyptians Party had become part of the National Front Coalition, but in February 2014 the party clarified that it would not make sense to join an electoral alliance before the electoral law was even passed. The Free Egyptians supported the 2014 Egyptian constitution that was up for vote during the January 2014 constitutional referendum, which it passed with 98.1% (while the\",\n \"title\": \"Free Egyptians Party\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7578085\",\n \"text\": \"up: \\\"What Katy Did at School\\\" and \\\"What Katy Did Next\\\". Two further sequels relating the adventures of Katy's younger siblings were also published—\\\"Clover\\\" and \\\"In the High Valley\\\". The books were frequently reprinted and all are available online. Coolidge modeled Katy on her own childhood self, and the other 'Little Carrs' on her brothers and sisters. The title is a play on the katydid, a family of insects – which explains the insects on the first edition book cover. 12-year-old Katy Carr lives with her widowed father and her two brothers and three sisters in Burnet, a small midwestern\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7578084\",\n \"text\": \"What Katy Did What Katy Did is an 1872 children's book written by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey under her pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the adventures of a twelve-year-old American girl, Katy Carr, and her family who live in the fictional lakeside Ohio town of Burnet in the 1860s. Katy is a tall untidy tomboy, forever getting into scrapes but wishing to be beautiful and beloved. When a terrible accident makes her an invalid, her illness and four-year recovery gradually teach her to be as good and kind as she has always wanted. Two sequels follow Katy as she grows\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7347814\",\n \"text\": \"What Kate Did \\\"What Kate Did\\\" is the 34th episode of \\\"Lost\\\". It is the ninth episode of the second season. The episode was directed by Paul Edwards, and written by Steven Maeda and Craig Wright. It first aired on November 30, 2005, on ABC. The character of Kate Austen is featured in the episode's flashbacks. Kate Austen kills her alcoholic stepfather, Wayne Jansen, by blowing up his house. Kate confronts her mother, Diane Austen. Kate reveals that she took out an insurance policy under Diane's name. Later, Kate attempts to buy a ticket to Tallahassee, when she is arrested\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16918902\",\n \"text\": \"Festival in Turkey. The film was released on DVD in Ireland on 8 February 2013. What Richard Did What Richard Did is a 2012 Irish film directed by Lenny Abrahamson and written by Malcolm Campbell. The film is loosely based on Kevin Power's \\\"Bad Day in Blackrock\\\", a fictionalised novel inspired by the real-life death of Brian Murphy in 2000. It won the best Irish film of the year award at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards and was the most commercially successful Irish film of 2012. It has screened at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival and the\",\n \"title\": \"What Richard Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16918894\",\n \"text\": \"What Richard Did What Richard Did is a 2012 Irish film directed by Lenny Abrahamson and written by Malcolm Campbell. The film is loosely based on Kevin Power's \\\"Bad Day in Blackrock\\\", a fictionalised novel inspired by the real-life death of Brian Murphy in 2000. It won the best Irish film of the year award at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards and was the most commercially successful Irish film of 2012. It has screened at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival and the BFI London Film Festival and was selected to screen at the Tribeca Film Festival in\",\n \"title\": \"What Richard Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11856928\",\n \"text\": \"early 20s. The story was adapted by Ellen Dryden for BBC Radio 4's Woman's Hour Drama in 2004. What Hetty Did What Hetty Did is the seventh novel by J.L. Carr, published in 1988 when he was 76 years old. The novel describes the experiences of an 18-year-old girl. Hetty Birtwisle has been brought up by adoptive parents in the Fens; after a beating by her father, discovering that she was adopted, she flees to Birmingham where she has learnt she was born and alters her surname to Beauchamp. Hetty Beauchamp comes across several characters from Carr's other novels in\",\n \"title\": \"What Hetty Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11856925\",\n \"text\": \"What Hetty Did What Hetty Did is the seventh novel by J.L. Carr, published in 1988 when he was 76 years old. The novel describes the experiences of an 18-year-old girl. Hetty Birtwisle has been brought up by adoptive parents in the Fens; after a beating by her father, discovering that she was adopted, she flees to Birmingham where she has learnt she was born and alters her surname to Beauchamp. Hetty Beauchamp comes across several characters from Carr's other novels in the boarding house in which she lives, including Emma Foxberrow, a teacher in \\\"The Harpole Report\\\" and Edward\",\n \"title\": \"What Hetty Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3994147\",\n \"text\": \"Look What I Did Look What I Did is an American post-hardcore band, formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. The music combines elements of jazz/fusion, hardcore, metal, and progressive pop punk. The band is known for its intense live show, described by Cincinnati CityBeat as a \\\"live act capable of unleashing a scary, uncontrolled intensity bordering on dangerous,\\\" and oft-satirical eccentric lyrics. Look What I Did was formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee by singer Barry Donegan and guitarist Colby Shea. Miles McPherson (drums, currently drumming for Kelly Clarkson) and Chris Bradley (bass) were added before the band's first\",\n \"title\": \"Look What I Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18787754\",\n \"text\": \"daughter. All three examples are connected by a chorus stating \\\"\\\"I'll take this one day and figure out what I did right / And I'll do it the same way for the rest of my life.\\\"\\\" Deborah Evans Price of \\\"Billboard\\\" reviewed the song favorably, saying that \\\"Like 'I Hope You Dance'…the song will touch a universal chord with everyone who has experienced a moment so perfect they wish they could capture it and live it over again.\\\" What I Did Right \\\"What I Did Right\\\" is a song recorded by American country music group Sons of the Desert. It\",\n \"title\": \"What I Did Right\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17247248\",\n \"text\": \"Thomas has also appeared advising on corsets on ABC's Nightline in 2012 and in the same year was nominated for Cosmopolitan's Businesswoman of the Year. The brand recreates designs from the 1950s including the bullet bra, which has been worn by celebrities such as Madonna and Rihanna. What Katie Did are also known for their steel boned corsets. Models for the company include Bernie Dexter, Missy Malone, Jami Deadly and Miss Polly Rae. What Katie Did (company) What Katie Did is a British lingerie design house founded in 1999 by Katie Thomas. In 1999, being unable to afford fully fashioned\",\n \"title\": \"What Katie Did (company)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17247247\",\n \"text\": \"What Katie Did (company) What Katie Did is a British lingerie design house founded in 1999 by Katie Thomas. In 1999, being unable to afford fully fashioned stockings, Thomas decided to invest in nylons to sell at The London Fetish Fair. This led to Thomas creating her own website. In 2002, What Katie Did's first reproduction of the Bullet bra was launched, the first to be produced in the country. The next year, the company opened a boutique in London Portobello. In 2010, Thomas was asked to advise on an bra of Marilyn Monroe that was put up for auction.\",\n \"title\": \"What Katie Did (company)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15640496\",\n \"text\": \"concluded similarly that \\\"the Egyptians have been in place since back in the Pleistocene and have been largely unaffected by either invasions or migrations. As others have noted, Egyptians are Egyptians, and they were so in the past as well.\\\" Genetic analysis of modern Egyptians reveals that they have paternal lineages common to indigenous North-East African populations primarily and to Near Eastern peoples to a lesser extent—these lineages would have spread during the Neolithic and were maintained by the predynastic period. University of Chicago Egyptologist Frank Yurco suggested a historical, regional and ethnolinguistic continuity, asserting that \\\"the mummies and skeletons\",\n \"title\": \"Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15640464\",\n \"text\": \"of elegant tombs, mosques and palaces. It was a period in which learning flourished. Their rule is generally regarded as one under which Egyptians, Muslims and Copts, greatly suffered. By the 15th century most Egyptians had already been converted to Islam, while Coptic Christians were reduced to a minority. The Mamluks were mainly ethnic Circassians and Turks who had been captured as slaves then recruited into the army fighting on behalf of the Islamic empire. Native Egyptians were not allowed to serve in the army until the reign of Mohamed Ali. Historian James Jankwoski writes: Egyptians under the Ottoman Turks\",\n \"title\": \"Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15640439\",\n \"text\": \"papyri and other sources depicting Egyptians farming, conducting trade expeditions, hunting, holding festivals, attending parties and receptions with their pet dogs, cats and monkeys, dancing and singing, enjoying food and drink, and playing games. The ancient Egyptians were also known for their engaging sense of humor, much like their modern descendants. Another important continuity during this period is the Egyptian attitude toward foreigners—those they considered not fortunate enough to be part of the community of \\\"rmṯ\\\" or \\\"the people\\\" (i.e., Egyptians.) This attitude was facilitated by the Egyptians' more frequent contact with other peoples during the New Kingdom, when Egypt\",\n \"title\": \"Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20595094\",\n \"text\": \"100 to reviews from mainstream critics, \\\"Speak Your Mind\\\" has an average score of 62 based on eight reviews, indicating \\\"generally favorable reviews\\\". Notes Speak Your Mind Speak Your Mind is the debut studio album by British singer Anne-Marie, released on 27 April 2018 by Major Tom's and Asylum Records. Anne-Marie announced the album on 21 February 2018 and it was made available for pre-order two days later. Talking to Polish pop culture magazine \\\"Luvpop\\\" about the album's title, Anne-Marie said: \\\"I just feel like that's what I did on the album. I'm not a shy person anyway, I speak\",\n \"title\": \"Speak Your Mind\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7263691\",\n \"text\": \"2016, Shout! Factory released the film for the first time on Blu-ray Disc under their sub-label, Scream Factory. \\\"I Saw What You Did\\\" was remade for television in 1988 with Robert Carradine, David Carradine, Tammy Lauren and Shawnee Smith. I Saw What You Did I Saw What You Did is a 1965 American horror-thriller film released by Universal Pictures and starring Joan Crawford and John Ireland. The plot follows two teenage girls who find themselves in serious danger after making a prank phone call to a man who has just murdered his wife. The screenplay by William P. McGivern was\",\n \"title\": \"I Saw What You Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10149533\",\n \"text\": \"You Know What You Did \\\"You Know What You Did\\\" is the first episode of the third season of \\\"The Hills\\\". It originally aired on MTV on August 13, 2007. In the episode, Lauren Conrad ends her friendship with former housemate Heidi Montag after suspecting that Heidi and her boyfriend Spencer Pratt fabricated rumors of a sex tape involving Lauren and her ex-boyfriend Jason Wahler. The ensuing feud between the women becomes a central focus of the series, and is carried through each subsequent season in which Conrad appears. \\\"You Know What You Did\\\" was produced by Tony DiSanto, Adam\",\n \"title\": \"You Know What You Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3994150\",\n \"text\": \"the band signed a deal with new label Modernist Movement. The album \\\"Atlas Drugged\\\" was released on February 9, 2010 via Modernist Movement Recordings. Atlas Drugged was also produced by Brian Virtue. Decibel magazine referred to the band in a review of Atlas Drugged, \\\"Look What I Did crush on political philosophers, put Latin words in their song titles and generally get off on being a bunch of wiseasses to spazzed-out Adderall punk.\\\". The album title is play on Ayn Rand's 1957 novel 'Atlas Shrugged' In 2013, Look What I Did began revealing songs set to be released on their\",\n \"title\": \"Look What I Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18787753\",\n \"text\": \"What I Did Right \\\"What I Did Right\\\" is a song recorded by American country music group Sons of the Desert. It was released in February 2001 as the third single from the album \\\"Change\\\". The song reached number 22 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Lead singer Drew Womack wrote the song with Sonny LeMaire. The song is a ballad about treasuring moments in the narrator's life, using three examples: an expression of pride from a grandfather who fought in World War II, of love from the narrator's wife, and of comfort from the narrator's newborn\",\n \"title\": \"What I Did Right\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16049221\",\n \"text\": \"Australian iTunes Store. On Boxing Day 2011, a remix by Sander van Doorn was released to Beatport, released on Doorn Records. The single is billed to Kele vs. Sander van Doorn featuring Lucy Taylor. A music video (simply a re-edited version of the original video) was released. The songs music video was released on 13 September 2011 to Kele's official YouTube channel. As of 23 November 2011, the video has 295939 views. The music video was directed by Nova Dando, with the dancers styled by Nadine Artois. What Did I Do? \\\"What Did I Do?\\\" is a song by Kele\",\n \"title\": \"What Did I Do?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16049220\",\n \"text\": \"What Did I Do? \\\"What Did I Do?\\\" is a song by Kele Okereke, released as the first single from his EP \\\"The Hunter\\\". The song's music video was released on 13 September 2011, with the song being released as a digital single in Japan 10 days later. The song features vocals from singer Lucy Taylor. The single was produced by constant collaborator XXXChange and mixed by Sub Focus. The single's cover is the same as the cover for \\\"The Hunter\\\" EP. On 16 November 2011, Liberator Music released a remix of the single by All The Lights to the\",\n \"title\": \"What Did I Do?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17542106\",\n \"text\": \"live. The film is being distributed by MVD Entertainment, and was released on DVD in November 2012. It is also available on iTunes, Hulu, and Video-on-Demand. Writing in Punk News, John Gentile said, \\\"The wilder songs, like 'Audiowhore' where bassist Matt Gentling just gets completely down, stomping around like a T-rex, are nearly berserk, with the band approaching a Stooges-type thrash. 'What Did You Expect?' could pass for Fugazi's wilder side. Gentling just goes nuts on the bass, which is wild. Likewise, the mid-tempo songs like \\\"Freezing Point\\\" have an inherent urgency.\\\" What Did You Expect? (film) What Did You\",\n \"title\": \"What Did You Expect? (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15536884\",\n \"text\": \"other partners were more concerned over the secular-Islamist divide than over the differences between the former regime and the forces of the revolution. In March 2012, former deputy chairman and member of parliament Mohamed Abu Hamed resigned from the party to become a leader of the Life of the Egyptians Party and later of the Egyptian Patriotic Movement. The Free Egyptians did not take part in the selection of members of the Constituent Assembly in June 2012, lamenting an over-representation of Islamists in it. It confirmed its calls to boycott the assembly in September 2012. Instead, the FEP participated in\",\n \"title\": \"Free Egyptians Party\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17338140\",\n \"text\": \"What Did I Do to You? \\\"What Did I Do to You?\\\" is a song recorded by British singer Lisa Stansfield for her 1989 album, \\\"Affection\\\". It was written by Stansfield, Ian Devaney and Andy Morris, and produced by Devaney and Morris. The song received positive reviews from music critics. \\\"What Did I Do to You?\\\" was released as the fourth European single on 30 April 1990. It included three previously unreleased songs written by Stansfield, Devaney and Morris: \\\"My Apple Heart,\\\" \\\"Lay Me Down\\\" and \\\"Something's Happenin'.\\\" \\\"What Did I Do to You?\\\" was remixed by Mark Saunders and\",\n \"title\": \"What Did I Do to You?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5525516\",\n \"text\": \"the album's recording took place at Sound City in Los Angeles. The tracks \\\"Before I Speak\\\" and \\\"Doesn't Get Much Better\\\" were recorded in Riabko's bedroom at his parents' home just prior to the completion of the album. Three singles were released from the album: \\\"Carry On,\\\" \\\"Do You Right,\\\" and \\\"What Did I Get Myself Into.\\\" Before I Speak Before I Speak is the debut album from Canadian singer/songwriter Kyle Riabko. The album infuses R&B style with elements of funk and soul. The album was released a few months prior to Riabko's high school graduation. Each song on the\",\n \"title\": \"Before I Speak\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12072057\",\n \"text\": \"there was little evidence left of their presence. Egyptians historically have been averse to emigrating from their country, even when suffering with significant poverty. As such, prior to the late 1960s, only small numbers of Egyptians moved to the United Kingdom, and even then mostly for the purposes of study. As the Egyptian Revolution that began in 1952 developed an increasingly socialist character under Gamal Abdel Nasser, with the nationalisation of many private businesses, some upper and middle class Egyptians sought to leave the country. However, large scale emigration did not occur until after Egypt's defeat in the Six-Day War\",\n \"title\": \"Egyptians in the United Kingdom\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20595088\",\n \"text\": \"Speak Your Mind Speak Your Mind is the debut studio album by British singer Anne-Marie, released on 27 April 2018 by Major Tom's and Asylum Records. Anne-Marie announced the album on 21 February 2018 and it was made available for pre-order two days later. Talking to Polish pop culture magazine \\\"Luvpop\\\" about the album's title, Anne-Marie said: \\\"I just feel like that's what I did on the album. I'm not a shy person anyway, I speak my mind a lot and I am not... I don't hold anything in, I am honest with people and open. And I've just feel\",\n \"title\": \"Speak Your Mind\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17542105\",\n \"text\": \"What Did You Expect? (film) What Did You Expect?, which made its film festival debut in June, 2012, is a live concert documentary capturing the Archers of Loaf reunion tour, directed by Gorman Bechard. Indie rock icons the Archers of Loaf reunited in 2011, and during the course of their reunion tour played two legendary concerts at Cat's Cradle in Chapel Hill, NC. Combining in-your-face concert footage along with rare interviews of the band, this film by director Gorman Bechard documents those concerts, and captures the excitement and explosive energy of what its like to see this extraordinary band perform\",\n \"title\": \"What Did You Expect? (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15640451\",\n \"text\": \"Egyptians were persecuted by Diocletian, many retreated to the desert to seek relief. The practice precipitated the rise of monasticism, for which the Egyptians, namely St. Antony, St. Bakhum, St. Shenouda and St. Amun, are credited as pioneers. By the end of the 4th century, it is estimated that the mass of the Egyptians had either embraced Christianity or were nominally Christian. The Catachetical School of Alexandria was founded in the 3rd century by Pantaenus, becoming a major school of Christian learning as well as science, mathematics and the humanities. The Psalms and part of the New Testament were translated\",\n \"title\": \"Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15640428\",\n \"text\": \"inextricably linked, and emphasize the central role that Egypt plays in the Arab world. Others continue to believe that Egypt and Egyptians are simply not Arab, emphasizing indigenous Egyptian heritage, culture and independent polity, pointing to the perceived failures of Arab and pan-Arab nationalist policies. Egyptian anthropologist Laila el-Hamamsy illustrates the modern-day relationship between the two trends, stating: \\\"in light of their history, Egyptians ... should be conscious of their national identity and consider themselves, above all, Egyptians. How is the Egyptian, with this strong sense of Egyptian identity, able to look himself as an Arab too?\\\" Her explanation is\",\n \"title\": \"Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15640416\",\n \"text\": \"States and western European countries tend to do so permanently, with 93% and 55.5% of Egyptians (respectively) settling in the new country. On the other hand, Egyptians migrating to Arab countries almost always only go there with the intention of returning to Egypt; virtually none settle in the new country on a permanent basis. Prior to 1974, only few Egyptian professionals had left the country in search for employment. Political, demographic and economic pressures led to the first wave of emigration after 1952. Later more Egyptians left their homeland first after the 1973 boom in oil prices and again in\",\n \"title\": \"Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15640414\",\n \"text\": \"the number of urban and rural citizens. Egyptians also form smaller minorities in neighboring countries, North America, Europe and Australia. Egyptians also tend to be provincial, meaning their attachment extends not only to Egypt but to the specific provinces, towns and villages from which they hail. Therefore, return migrants, such as temporary workers abroad, come back to their region of origin in Egypt. According to the International Organization for Migration, an estimated 2.7 million Egyptians live abroad and contribute actively to the development of their country through remittances (US$7.8 billion in 2009), circulation of human and social capital, as well\",\n \"title\": \"Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15640484\",\n \"text\": \"government corruption, and the widening gap between the country's rich and poor led to the eventual toppling of the monarchy and the dissolution of the parliament through a \\\"coup d'état\\\" by a group of army officers in 1952. The Egyptian Republic was declared on June 18, 1953 with General Muhammad Naguib as the first President of the Republic. After Naguib was forced to resign in 1954 and later put under house arrest by Gamal Abdel Nasser, the real architect of the 1952 movement, mass protests by Egyptians erupted against the forced resignation of what became a popular symbol of the\",\n \"title\": \"Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10885347\",\n \"text\": \"of July 19, the final day of play, the Egyptians were in fifth place with a 29–35 (.453) record. Another Egyptians team played in the first Kentucky–Illinois–Tennessee League (KITTY League) from 1903 to 1906 as the Egyptians (1903), Champions (1904), and Giants (1905–1906). It resurfaced as the Egyptians from 1911 to 1914 in the second KITTY League, then returned from 1922 to 1924 in another incarnation of the league. For the final KITTY league, the team played from 1946 to 1950 before folding for good. From 1948 to 1949, they were a Brooklyn Dodgers affiliate known as the Cairo Dodgers.\",\n \"title\": \"Cairo Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4299756\",\n \"text\": \"Casal, of Ryan Adams and the Cardinals, later listed \\\"What We Did on Our Holidays\\\" as one of his favourite albums of all time. What We Did on Our Holidays What We Did on Our Holidays (released as Fairport Convention in the United States) is the 1969 second album by the band Fairport Convention. It was their first album to feature singer-songwriter Sandy Denny, whose \\\"haunting, ethereal vocals gave Fairport a big boost\\\", according to Richie Unterberger. The album also showed a move towards the folk rock for which they became noted, including tracks later to become perennial favourites such\",\n \"title\": \"What We Did on Our Holidays\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17849612\",\n \"text\": \"film received positive reviews from critics. Review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reports a 73% rating based on 41 reviews with an average rating of 6.2/10. The site's consensus states: \\\"Witty and well-cast, \\\"What We Did on Our Holiday\\\" injects unlikely laughs into a story dealing with dark, difficult themes.\\\" On Metacritic, the film has a 54 out of 100 rating, based on 14 critics. What We Did on Our Holiday What We Did on Our Holiday is a 2014 British comedy-drama film written and directed by Andy Hamilton and Guy Jenkin. The film, starring David Tennant, Rosamund Pike, and Billy\",\n \"title\": \"What We Did on Our Holiday\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13675535\",\n \"text\": \"of the fan base. One deranged fanboy in particular, Jerome T. Kornacker, is so outraged that his favorite superheroine is being \\\"perverted,\\\" that he takes radical steps to stop the change. \\\"What They Did to Princess Paragon\\\" is a tongue-in-cheek look at the comic book industry, the artists who create comics, the corporations that publish and sell them, and the fans who support and consume the books. The story is also an exploration of 1990s lesbian feminist thought. What They Did to Princess Paragon What They Did to Princess Paragon is a humor novel by Robert Rodi, which tells the\",\n \"title\": \"What They Did to Princess Paragon\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17576387\",\n \"text\": \"Let the Music Speak\\\" had a theatrical quality. You could see \\\"Chess\\\" as a development from what we did with Abba\\\". I Let The Music Speak has lent its name to various media, including a 12 song album tribute to the songs of Benny and Bjorn by Anne Sofie von Otter, and also a book about ABBA entitled \\\"ABBA: Let The Music Speak\\\". The opening line \\\"I'm hearing images, I'm seeing songs, no poet has ever painted\\\" was included as the quote at the beginning of the chapter entitled \\\"'I let the music speak': cross domain application for a cognitive\",\n \"title\": \"I Let the Music Speak\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15640415\",\n \"text\": \"as investment. Approximately 70% of Egyptian migrants live in Arab countries (923,600 in Saudi Arabia, 332,600 in Libya, 226,850 in Jordan, 190,550 in Kuwait with the rest elsewhere in the region) and the remaining 30% are living mostly in Europe and North America (318,000 in the United States, 110,000 in Canada and 90,000 in Italy). A sizable Egyptian diaspora did not begin to form until well into the 1980s, when political and economic conditions began driving Egyptians out of the country in significant numbers. Today, the diaspora numbers nearly 4 million (2006 est). Generally, those who emigrate to the United\",\n \"title\": \"Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17338142\",\n \"text\": \"1989–2003\\\" box set (2014), including previously unreleased Red Zone Mix by David Morales. European/UK 7\\\" single European/UK/Japanese CD single UK 10\\\" single European/UK 12\\\" single UK 12\\\" promotional single Other remixes What Did I Do to You? \\\"What Did I Do to You?\\\" is a song recorded by British singer Lisa Stansfield for her 1989 album, \\\"Affection\\\". It was written by Stansfield, Ian Devaney and Andy Morris, and produced by Devaney and Morris. The song received positive reviews from music critics. \\\"What Did I Do to You?\\\" was released as the fourth European single on 30 April 1990. It included\",\n \"title\": \"What Did I Do to You?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7263683\",\n \"text\": \"I Saw What You Did I Saw What You Did is a 1965 American horror-thriller film released by Universal Pictures and starring Joan Crawford and John Ireland. The plot follows two teenage girls who find themselves in serious danger after making a prank phone call to a man who has just murdered his wife. The screenplay by William P. McGivern was based upon the 1964 novel \\\"Out of the Dark\\\" by Ursula Curtiss. The film was produced and directed by William Castle. When two mischievous teens Libby (Andi Garrett) and Kit (Sara Lane) are home alone with Libby's younger sister\",\n \"title\": \"I Saw What You Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14693059\",\n \"text\": \"bungee rope is identical to him doing the same on the cover of his newly released album \\\"Escapology\\\". Williams entrance was accompanied by \\\"Let Me Entertain You\\\", a song he often uses as the first song. As he often does, Williams dedicated his 12th song \\\"No Regrets\\\" to his former Take That bandmates Gary Barlow, Jason Orange, Mark Owen, and Howard Donald. The performance of \\\"Back for Good\\\" on the third night by Williams and Owen was not included in the main section of the DVD. What We Did Last Summer What We Did Last Summer – Robbie Williams: Live\",\n \"title\": \"What We Did Last Summer\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14693058\",\n \"text\": \"What We Did Last Summer What We Did Last Summer – Robbie Williams: Live at Knebworth is a live DVD by Robbie Williams, recorded between 1–3 August 2003 at Knebworth, England as part of the Weekends of Mass Distraction Tour, the second last venue on the first leg of the tour. The album is a DVD companion to the live album \\\"Live at Knebworth\\\" (also known as \\\"Live Summer 2003\\\"). The songs \\\"Nan's Song\\\", \\\"Better Man\\\" and \\\"Made Up Song\\\" all feature Robbie Williams on acoustic guitar. The show's opening with Williams making an entrance hanging upside down on a\",\n \"title\": \"What We Did Last Summer\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11942400\",\n \"text\": \"Retro Productions in New York City at the Spoon Theater. This production was attended and praised by A.R. Gurney and his extended family, and directed by Ric Sechrest. A professional revival was staged in Houston, Texas in 2003, directed by Kelley Williams. The Cast was as follows (2003): Charlie: (In alternating performances): Giddony Sanchez/ Shawn Anthony Anderson; Anna Trumbull: Sarah Douchez; Elsie: Jade Prudent; Grace: Elizabeth Keel; Bonny: Genieva Croley; Ted: John Ruiz. What I Did Last Summer What I Did Last Summer is a play by the American playwright A.R. Gurney. The setting is a well-to-do vacation colony on\",\n \"title\": \"What I Did Last Summer\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10149545\",\n \"text\": \"episode was the network's highest-rated broadcast that year. It was surpassed by \\\"Paris Changes Everything\\\", which served as the premiere for the second half of the season, on March 17, 2008; it attracted 4.8 million viewers in its original airing. In the United States, the third season was released as a four-disc DVD set on July 19, 2008. You Know What You Did \\\"You Know What You Did\\\" is the first episode of the third season of \\\"The Hills\\\". It originally aired on MTV on August 13, 2007. In the episode, Lauren Conrad ends her friendship with former housemate Heidi\",\n \"title\": \"You Know What You Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10149544\",\n \"text\": \"anything you'd get on \\\"All My Children\\\".\\\" Furthermore, Conrad's delivery of the titular line \\\"You know what you did!\\\" when speaking to Montag has been recognized as an iconic moment from the series; the staff from \\\"Us Weekly\\\" ranked the scene as the most memorable event from the program when recapping highlights from its six seasons in July 2010. In its original broadcast in the United States on August 13, 2007, \\\"You Know What You Did\\\" was watched by 3.6 million viewers. Consequently, it became the series' most-viewed episode at the time of its first airing; as August 2007, the\",\n \"title\": \"You Know What You Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10149538\",\n \"text\": \"is able to leave the club. Lauren and Audrina get into an argument with Heidi and Spencer outside of Les Deux, where Lauren delivers the now-famous quote \\\"You know what you did!\\\", elaborating that \\\"You started a sick little rumor about me! You're a sad, pathetic person.\\\" The following morning, Heidi explains to her co-worker Elodie Otto that she was unaware of said speculation, and still wants to reconcile with Lauren. Meanwhile, Lauren tells Whitney that she is saddened by the idea of losing her friend, although admits that she has benefited from their separation. \\\"You Know What You Did\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"You Know What You Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10149534\",\n \"text\": \"DiVello, Liz Gateley, Sara Mast, Andrew Perry, Jason Sands, Robyn Schnieders, Sean Travis, Michael \\\"Spike\\\" Van Briesen, and Rick Van Meter. The episode was met with generally favorable reviews from critics, who felt that the changed dynamic between Conrad and Montag was entertaining for television. It was additionally notable for Conrad's delivery of the titular line \\\"You know what you did!\\\" when speaking to Montag, which has since been recognized as an iconic moment from the series. According to Nielsen ratings, \\\"You Know What You Did\\\" was watched by 3.6 million viewers in its original airing. The episode was released\",\n \"title\": \"You Know What You Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11511027\",\n \"text\": \"Egyptians in Italy There is a significant community of Egyptians in Italy. , Egypt's Ministry of Manpower and Emigration estimated that there were 210,000 Egyptians in Italy, making up roughly 41% of the 510,000 Egyptians in Europe and nearly triple the size of the next-largest community, namely Egyptians in the United Kingdom. As early as the 2nd century BC, there is strong evidence for an Egyptian presence in Italy, in various professions including bankers, surgeons, actors, musicians, fortune tellers, soldiers, slaves, and the like. In early modern times, after Napoleon's 1798-1801 Egypt Campaign, the degree of contact between Egypt and\",\n \"title\": \"Egyptians in Italy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7578096\",\n \"text\": \"in her bedroom, makes the best of things and waits, hoping to outgrow her injury. There is no physical therapy – instead Katy is warned to avoid too much movement lest she \\\"set herself back\\\". Cousin Helen manages to travel a little, and even goes for a hydrotherapy water cure at one point, but it is made clear that she has no hope of ever walking again. Two TV movies and a brief TV series have been based on \\\"What Katy Did\\\". The most recent film (1999) starred Alison Pill as Katy, with Megan Follows as Cousin Helen, Michael Cera\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16918901\",\n \"text\": \"of the young, it is their elders who insist on wriggling away from blame. \\\"What Richard Did\\\" is an engrossing and intelligent drama that throbs in the mind for hours after the final credits\\\". In February 2013, the film picked up five awards at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards including the award for Best Film. Jack Reynor won for Actor Lead Film whilst Lenny Abrahamson and Malcolm Campbell picked up awards for Best Director and Script with Nathan Nugent winning for Editing Film. In May 2013, It won the Golden Tulip (best movie) at The Istanbul International Film\",\n \"title\": \"What Richard Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16918900\",\n \"text\": \"Power, author of the book that was the source material for the movie, the university scenes at the end of the film were shot at University College Dublin. Reviews for \\\"What Richard Did\\\" were overwhelmingly positive. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 93% approval rating with an average rating of 7.6/10 based on 30 reviews. On the review aggregator Metacritic, the film has a score of 80 out of 100, based on 13 critics, indicating \\\"generally favorable reviews\\\". Peter Bradshaw, writing in \\\"The Guardian\\\", called the film slow-burning and disturbing. \\\"Abrahamson shows that whatever the failings and weaknesses\",\n \"title\": \"What Richard Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16918899\",\n \"text\": \"Unlike Abrahamson's previous two films, the screenplay for \\\"What Richard Did\\\" was not written by Mark O'Halloran but by Malcolm Campbell. The details of the plot deviate significantly from the source novel. The director worked with the cast for a full year in advance of production while script development was ongoing, holding a series of workshops in an effort to make successive drafts more reflective of contemporary Irish youth culture. Shot on location in Dublin and Wicklow, the film was financed by the Irish Film Board and Screen Scene, and was produced by Element Pictures. At the request of Kevin\",\n \"title\": \"What Richard Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11856927\",\n \"text\": \"postage mistakenly on the cost of sending a Penguin paperback, and \\\"What Hetty Did\\\" was printed on superior paper with card covers, so it was heavier than expected and he lost money on postage. However the book sold well at £3.95 a copy and he soon had another 3,000 copies printed. The novel is still published by The Quince Tree Press. The book is notable for the fact that he gave his name as James Carr on the spine and J.L. Carr on the front. Carr was christened Joseph Lloyd and adopted the name 'Jim' or even 'James' in his\",\n \"title\": \"What Hetty Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7263690\",\n \"text\": \"in William Castle's egregiously low-budgeted \\\"I Saw What You Did\\\", an attempt at terror starring Joan Crawford and John Ireland.\\\" \\\"Variety\\\" commented, \\\"[The film] is a well-produced, well-acted entry in the suspense-terror field. ... [Crawford's] slightest gesture or expression ... conveys vivid emotion.\\\" \\\"I Saw What You Did\\\" was released by Anchor Bay Entertainment on VHS and Region 1 DVD on August 24, 1999; both releases are long out of print. On May 23, 2014, it was re-released as an exclusive DVD-R by Universal as part of its Universal Vault Series, but in a full frame presentation. On May 17,\",\n \"title\": \"I Saw What You Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11942392\",\n \"text\": \"What I Did Last Summer What I Did Last Summer is a play by the American playwright A.R. Gurney. The setting is a well-to-do vacation colony on the shores of Lake Erie, the time 1945, during the final stages of World War II. Charlie, an incipiently rebellious fourteen-year-old, is summering with his mother and sister (his father is fighting in the Pacific) before going off to an expensive boarding school in the fall. Although he intended to spend the summer loafing and socializing with his friends (such as Ted), the need for spending money forces him to take a job\",\n \"title\": \"What I Did Last Summer\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5038112\",\n \"text\": \"is difficult to tell from what group the text originated. Another comparable verse appended to the \\\"Gospel of Thomas\\\", probably in Egypt, reads: The so-called Second Epistle of Clement (12:2) closely paraphrases a passage that was also quoted by Clement of Alexandria (in \\\"Stromateis\\\" iii): The trope appears in the \\\"Gospel of Thomas\\\", saying (37): For a somewhat later Gnostic work assigning a prominent role to Jesus' female disciples, see \\\"Pistis Sophia\\\". Greek Gospel of the Egyptians The Greek \\\"Gospel of the Egyptians\\\" is an early Christian religious text. Its title is adopted from its opening line. The Greek Gospel\",\n \"title\": \"Greek Gospel of the Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3135880\",\n \"text\": \"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer I Still Know What You Did Last Summer is a 1998 American-Mexican slasher film and a sequel to the 1997 film \\\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\\\". Directed by Danny Cannon, the film was written by Trey Callaway, and features characters originally created in Lois Duncan's 1973 novel \\\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\\\". Jennifer Love Hewitt, Freddie Prinze, Jr. and Muse Watson reprise their roles, with Brandy, Mekhi Phifer, Jennifer Esposito, and Matthew Settle joining the cast. \\\"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\\\" continues after the events\",\n \"title\": \"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13675534\",\n \"text\": \"What They Did to Princess Paragon What They Did to Princess Paragon is a humor novel by Robert Rodi, which tells the story of what happens when a venerable comic book superheroine is retconned as a lesbian. Gay comic book creator Brian Parrish is hired by Bang Comics to take over \\\"Princess Paragon\\\", a superhero comic book that's been around since the 1940s, but whose sales are slumping badly by the 1990s. Parrish decides to reimagine Princess Paragon as a lesbian, a move which causes quite a bit of excitement and publicity for Bang, but also causes consternation among some\",\n \"title\": \"What They Did to Princess Paragon\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9176966\",\n \"text\": \"communities in Egypt, migration back to Italy and the West reduced the size of the community greatly due to wartime internment and the rise of Nasserist nationalism against Westerners. After the war many members of the Italian community related to the defeated Italian expansion in Egypt were forced to move away, starting a process of reduction and disappearance of the Italian Egyptians. After 1952 the Italian Egyptians were reduced - from the nearly 60,000 of 1940 - to just a few thousands. Most Italian Egyptians returned to Italy during the 1950s and 1960s, although a few Italians continue to live\",\n \"title\": \"Italian Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10885348\",\n \"text\": \"Cairo Egyptians The Cairo Egyptians were a minor league baseball team from Cairo, Illinois, that played in the Kentucky–Illinois–Tennessee League (KITTY League) on and off from 1903–1950 and in the Central League in 1897. On January 18, 1897, the Cairo Egyptians, based in Cairo, Illinois, were formed as a charter member of the Class C Central League. Joining the Egyptions in the six-team league were the Evansville Brewers, Nashville Centennials, Paducah Little Colonels, Terre Haute Hottentots, and Washington Browns. Cairo's uniforms were gray and black. Severe financial problems throughout the circuit forced the league to disband on July 20. As\",\n \"title\": \"Cairo Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10885346\",\n \"text\": \"Cairo Egyptians The Cairo Egyptians were a minor league baseball team from Cairo, Illinois, that played in the Kentucky–Illinois–Tennessee League (KITTY League) on and off from 1903–1950 and in the Central League in 1897. On January 18, 1897, the Cairo Egyptians, based in Cairo, Illinois, were formed as a charter member of the Class C Central League. Joining the Egyptions in the six-team league were the Evansville Brewers, Nashville Centennials, Paducah Little Colonels, Terre Haute Hottentots, and Washington Browns. Cairo's uniforms were gray and black. Severe financial problems throughout the circuit forced the league to disband on July 20. As\",\n \"title\": \"Cairo Egyptians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15536893\",\n \"text\": \"Party and the explosive rise of the Future of the Nation Party, the Free Egyptians Party is no longer seen as the political force it once was, and is widely expected to lose many seats in the next parliamentary elections. Free Egyptians Party The Free Egyptians Party ( ) is an Egyptian liberal party, founded after the 2011 Egyptian revolution. It supports the principles of a liberal, democratic, and secular political order in Egypt. The Free Egyptians Party is the largest party in the House of Representatives. On 3 April 2011, the engineer and businessman Naguib Sawiris, and a group\",\n \"title\": \"Free Egyptians Party\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15536888\",\n \"text\": \"Secretary General. After holding the first congress of the party on 10 May 2013 Ahmed Said was elected as the first elected president of the Free Egyptians Party. After the merger of the Democratic Front Party into the Free Egyptians Party, at the first Supreme Council meeting on 28 April 2014 Essam Khalil was elected to be General Secretary. in December 2015, Free Egyptians Party elected his leader Essam Khalil with 84% of votes to be the second elected president. The first elected Political Bureau of the Free Egyptians Party: Board of trustees was approved in the first congress of\",\n \"title\": \"Free Egyptians Party\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11511029\",\n \"text\": \"to dominate traditionally Italian trades such as pizza and other baked products. Other Egyptian businesses in Milan include coffee shops, restaurants, and halal butchers. Egyptians in Italy are generally Muslim. Egyptian migrants increasingly prefer their children to maintain religious endogamy, especially in the case of their daughters. More than 27% of Egyptian citizens in Italy however are Coptic Christians, numbering 25,000 and are heavily concentrated in the Milan metropolitan area. Egyptians in Italy There is a significant community of Egyptians in Italy. , Egypt's Ministry of Manpower and Emigration estimated that there were 210,000 Egyptians in Italy, making up roughly\",\n \"title\": \"Egyptians in Italy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10802423\",\n \"text\": \"What Did the Biblical Writers Know and When Did They Know It? What Did the Biblical Writers Know and When Did They Know It? is a book by biblical scholar and archaeologist William G. Dever detailing his response to the claims of minimalists to the historicity and value of the Hebrew Bible. Dever's book is a response to recent trends in biblical scholarship and biblical archaeology which question whether the bible can be used as a reliable tool for interpreting history. The book begins with Dever's explanation of the \\\"minimalist\\\" position, which holds that the bible is a product of\",\n \"title\": \"What Did the Biblical Writers Know and When Did They Know It?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20092678\",\n \"text\": \"earthy, quirky additions\\\". \\\"Look at What the Light Did Now\\\" won the 'DVD of the Year' prize at the 2012 Juno Awards in Canada, and was nominated for the Sound & Vision Award at CPH:DOX in Denmark. Feature Length Documentary Music videos Live Performances from The Reminder Tour 2007-2009 Tracks 9-12: Chilly Gonzales Original Score - Songs from The Reminder improvised and performed on solo piano. Total running time: 58:43 Look at What the Light Did Now Look at What the Light Did Now is a documentary/live album DVD/CD by Canadian indie pop artist Feist, first released in December 2010.\",\n \"title\": \"Look at What the Light Did Now\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20092676\",\n \"text\": \"Kinks and Peggy Lee, and two studio recordings of a new song, \\\"Look at What the Light Did Now\\\", written by Little Wings. Prior to its December 2010 home video release, the documentary screened at number of international fall festivals, including the 2010 Raindance Film Festival in London, CPH:DOX in Copenhagen, and the Pop Montreal music festival in Quebec. \\\"Look at What the Light Did Now\\\" marks both Feist's first official documentary and first official live album. \\\"Look at What the Light Did Now\\\" received limited reviews upon release that were mostly positive. Music site Drowned in Sound gave the\",\n \"title\": \"Look at What the Light Did Now\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1872896\",\n \"text\": \"It was also spoofed in \\\"The Simpsons\\\" \\\"Treehouse of Horror X\\\" as “I Know What You Diddly-Did”, with Ned Flanders as the killer. I Know What You Did Last Summer I Know What You Did Last Summer is a 1997 American slasher film directed by Jim Gillespie, written by Kevin Williamson, and starring Jennifer Love Hewitt, Sarah Michelle Gellar, Ryan Phillippe, and Freddie Prinze Jr., with Anne Heche, Bridgette Wilson, and Johnny Galecki appearing in supporting roles. Loosely based on the 1973 novel of the same name by Lois Duncan, the film centers on four young friends who are stalked\",\n \"title\": \"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14196352\",\n \"text\": \"a steady schedule of live dates while working with Stern, recording \\\"Sgt. Pecker\\\", \\\"F Jackie\\\", and \\\"The Very Best of Jackie Martling's Talking Joke Book Cassettes, Vol. 1\\\". What Did You Expect? (Jackie Martling album) What Did You Expect? is an album by American comedian, comedy writer and radio personality Jackie Martling. The album was released on Martling's Off Hour Rockers label on September 12, 1979. In 1979, Martling issued his debut LP, \\\"What Did You Expect?\\\" He released two more albums, 1980's \\\"Goin' Ape!\\\" and 1981's \\\"Normal People Are People You Don't Know That Well\\\". Martling sent all three\",\n \"title\": \"What Did You Expect? (Jackie Martling album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14196351\",\n \"text\": \"What Did You Expect? (Jackie Martling album) What Did You Expect? is an album by American comedian, comedy writer and radio personality Jackie Martling. The album was released on Martling's Off Hour Rockers label on September 12, 1979. In 1979, Martling issued his debut LP, \\\"What Did You Expect?\\\" He released two more albums, 1980's \\\"Goin' Ape!\\\" and 1981's \\\"Normal People Are People You Don't Know That Well\\\". Martling sent all three records to fledgling New York City disk jockey Howard Stern. By 1986, he was a full-time member of Stern's show, later becoming the program's head writer. Martling maintained\",\n \"title\": \"What Did You Expect? (Jackie Martling album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13633202\",\n \"text\": \"ends. In his book \\\"Nightmare Movies: Horror on Screen Since the 1960s\\\", Kim Newman argues that \\\"I Saw What You Did\\\" was responsible for the eventual creation of Dark Castle Entertainment, a production company that created remakes of horror films. In \\\"Joan Crawford: The Essential Biography\\\", Lawrence J. Quirk and William Schoell refer to the film as \\\"abysmall\\\" and consider it inferior to the original. Similarly, in his book \\\"Movie and Video Guide 1993\\\", film critic Leonard Maltin refers to the film as \\\"bland\\\", compared to the original. I Saw What You Did (1988 film) I Saw What You Did\",\n \"title\": \"I Saw What You Did (1988 film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9651732\",\n \"text\": \"as Mellencamp told \\\"Rolling Stone\\\" in late 1980, \\\"I was looking for a typical heavy woman to convey a lower-middle-class way of living.\\\" The remastered version of \\\"Nothin' Matters and What If It Did\\\" was released March 29, 2005 on Mercury/Island/UMe and includes one bonus track, \\\"Latest Game,\\\" which, according to the liner notes, was taken from the sessions for Mellencamp's 1982 album \\\"American Fool\\\". The album is certified Platinum by the RIAA. Album Singles Nothin' Matters and What If It Did Nothin' Matters and What If It Did is John Mellencamp's fourth studio album, under his pseudonym of John\",\n \"title\": \"Nothin' Matters and What If It Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7327697\",\n \"text\": \"I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer is a 2006 American slasher film. Released direct-to-video, the film is the third and final installment of \\\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\\\" series, but does not have any of the cast returning from the first two installments. The film instead takes the basic myth of the series and starts it over with a new set of characters. \\\"I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer\\\" was released on DVD and Blu-ray on August 15, 2006. In 2005, Amber Williams (Brooke Nevin), her\",\n \"title\": \"I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3135894\",\n \"text\": \"to Say Goodbye\\\". A music video for \\\"How Do I Deal\\\" was made available to music television networks. On August 15, 2006, a straight-to-DVD sequel titled \\\"I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer\\\" was released. The film is unrelated to the two previous films, and features no returning cast members. It was originally proposed to continue where \\\"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\\\" left off. Instead, the film features an unrelated plot with a brief mention of the first two films. I Still Know What You Did Last Summer I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\",\n \"title\": \"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["languages of egypt","egyptian arabic","coptic language","egyptian language","sa'idi arabic"],"string":"[\n \"languages of egypt\",\n \"egyptian arabic\",\n \"coptic language\",\n \"egyptian language\",\n \"sa'idi arabic\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":585,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"what are the airports in chicago?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"15417315","text":"The hotel is about 30–60 minutes from the two main Chicago airports depending on traffic. The closest 'L' station to the hotel is the Chicago station on the Red Line which is a 5-minute walk away. The hotel offers limousine service to and from O'Hare International Airport and Chicago Midway International Airport. For business events and meetings the hotel has over available which includes boardrooms and a business centre. The hotel has three restaurants: Shanghai Terrace, Pierrot Gourmet, The Lobby and Z Bar serving Cantonese/Shanghainese, European, American cuisine small plates , and Global cuisine shared plates ,respectively. There are private","title":"The Peninsula Chicago"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15417315\",\n \"text\": \"The hotel is about 30–60 minutes from the two main Chicago airports depending on traffic. The closest 'L' station to the hotel is the Chicago station on the Red Line which is a 5-minute walk away. The hotel offers limousine service to and from O'Hare International Airport and Chicago Midway International Airport. For business events and meetings the hotel has over available which includes boardrooms and a business centre. The hotel has three restaurants: Shanghai Terrace, Pierrot Gourmet, The Lobby and Z Bar serving Cantonese/Shanghainese, European, American cuisine small plates , and Global cuisine shared plates ,respectively. There are private\",\n \"title\": \"The Peninsula Chicago\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"12704560","text":"Operation of the city's airports is the responsibility of the Chicago Department of Aviation. There are several other smaller commercial airports in the Chicago area, these include: General Mitchell International Airport in Milwaukee is also used by residents of Chicago's northern suburbs looking to avoid the congestion of the two main Chicago airports. South Bend International Airport in South Bend, Indiana is connected to downtown Chicago via a South Shore Line station. The Chicago Transit Authority, or CTA, one of three service boards within the Regional Transportation Authority, operates the second largest public transportation system in the United States (to","title":"Transportation in Chicago"},{"psg_id":"12704576","text":"as part of a pilot program active during non-winter months. Bicycles are allowed on water taxis during off-peak and weekend hours. Transportation in Chicago Chicago, Illinois is the third-largest city in the United States and a major transportation hub for the Midwest. The city is served by two major airports, and is the main freight rail hub of North America. Surface transportation networks and public ways within the city are the responsibility of the Chicago Department of Transportation. Mass transit in much of the Chicago metropolitan area is managed through the Regional Transportation Authority (RTA), which was installed by referendum","title":"Transportation in Chicago"},{"psg_id":"12704559","text":"Transportation in Chicago Chicago, Illinois is the third-largest city in the United States and a major transportation hub for the Midwest. The city is served by two major airports, and is the main freight rail hub of North America. Surface transportation networks and public ways within the city are the responsibility of the Chicago Department of Transportation. Mass transit in much of the Chicago metropolitan area is managed through the Regional Transportation Authority (RTA), which was installed by referendum in 1974. The RTA provides transportation services through the funding of three subordinate agencies: the Chicago Transit Authority, Metra, and Pace.","title":"Transportation in Chicago"},{"psg_id":"14945339","text":"72% based on 43 reviews from critics, with a \"Certified Fresh\" rating. Fantastic Fest Fantasia International Film Festival Expresión en Corto International Film Festival Chicago International Film Festival Festival international du film fantastique de Gérardmer Memento Films International optioned the rights for an English-language remake starring Julia Garner and Ambyr Childers, directed by Jim Mickle and written by Mickle and Nick Damici, who previously worked together on \"Mulberry Street\" and \"Stake Land\". We Are What We Are (2010 film) We Are What We Are () is a 2010 Mexican horror film directed by Jorge Michel Grau. The movie is about","title":"We Are What We Are (2010 film)"},{"psg_id":"20792631","text":"What Are The Theosophists? \"What Are The Theosophists?\" is an editorial published in October 1879 in the theosophical magazine \"The Theosophist.\" It was compiled by Helena Blavatsky and it was included the 2nd volume of the \"Blavatsky Collected Writings.\" Arnold Kalnitsky wrote in his thesis that in this article \"we find a rather expansive statement of... [Blavatsky's] thoughts at that moment about the status of the movement, the Theosophical Society, its objectives, and the issues it was confronting.\" He wrote that the article begins with a question whether the Theosophists \"are they what they claim to be\": researchers of the","title":"What Are The Theosophists?"},{"psg_id":"11054572","text":"British Airways and Virgin Atlantic Airways, they are part of the Aviation Foundation which lobby for the aviation needs of the United Kingdom. The following is a list of the 40 largest UK airports by total passenger traffic in 2017, from UK CAA statistics. The following is a list of the 40 largest UK airports by total passenger traffic in 2016, from UK CAA statistics. The following is a list of the 40 largest UK airports by total passenger traffic in 2015, from UK CAA statistics. The following is a list of the 40 largest UK airports by total passenger","title":"Busiest airports in the United Kingdom by total passenger traffic"},{"psg_id":"20975027","text":"activist Ja'mal Green. We Are Chicago We Are Chicago is an adventure simulation video game developed and published by American developer Culture Shock Games for Microsoft Windows. It was released on February 9, 2017. \"We Are Chicago\" is a video game set in the suburbs of South Side Chicago. The player assumes the role of Aaron, a black teenager dealing with the struggles of poverty and living in an area populated by gangs. During production, Culture Shock founder Michael Block and his team gathered at transit locations in the Englewood neighborhood of Chicago to interview its citizens regarding the problems","title":"We Are Chicago"},{"psg_id":"20975025","text":"We Are Chicago We Are Chicago is an adventure simulation video game developed and published by American developer Culture Shock Games for Microsoft Windows. It was released on February 9, 2017. \"We Are Chicago\" is a video game set in the suburbs of South Side Chicago. The player assumes the role of Aaron, a black teenager dealing with the struggles of poverty and living in an area populated by gangs. During production, Culture Shock founder Michael Block and his team gathered at transit locations in the Englewood neighborhood of Chicago to interview its citizens regarding the problems they faced. They","title":"We Are Chicago"},{"psg_id":"10998627","text":"owns Training Centre (MATC), located near Kuala Lumpur International Airport and Penang International Airport. These were established to cater for the training needs of all Malaysia Airports personnel. The MATCs have also been used as a centre for security related programs conducted by International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO). In addition, the MATCs provides expertise on aviation security and safety matters to the Malaysian government and airlines. The company manages 39 airports in Malaysia. Among them are: Other than Malaysia, the company currently manage one international airport outside of Malaysia.: Malaysia Airports Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad () is a Malaysian airport","title":"Malaysia Airports"},{"psg_id":"20994517","text":"Kansai Airports The company's mission according to its official website is \"\"to be renowned as a pioneer in the aviation industry within the Asia Pacific region, and to become a world-class international airport operator by continuously raising performance standards for airports\".\" The shareholders percentage ownership of Kansai Airports are ORIX 40%, VINCI Airports 40% and the rest 20% is shared among ASICS Corporation; Iwatani Corporation; Osaka Gas Co., Ltd.; Obayashi Corporation; OMRON Corporation; The Kansai Electric Power Company, Incorporated; Kintetsu Group Holding Co., Ltd.; Keihan Holdings Co.,Ltd.; Suntory Holdings Limited; JTB Corp.; Sekisui House, Ltd.; Daikin Industries, Ltd.; Daiwa House","title":"Kansai Airports"},{"psg_id":"4054029","text":"National Airports System Canada's National Airport System (NAS) was defined in the National Airports Policy published in 1994. It was intended to include all airports with an annual traffic of 200,000 passengers or more, as well as airports serving the national, provincial and territorial capitals. All airports, with the exception of the three territorial capitals, in the NAS are owned by Transport Canada and leased to the local authorities operating them. As of 1994, the 26 NAS airports served 94% of all scheduled passenger and cargo traffic in Canada. Due to very close proximity to the Province of Newfoundland, the","title":"National Airports System"},{"psg_id":"8489022","text":"as part of a broader plan to install solar farms in all of its regional airports. The following international airports are operated by ACSA: The following local airports are operated by ACSA: On 25 March 2006 gunmen armed with AK-47s stole bags containing several million US dollars at Johannesburg Airport (O.R. Tambo). Three ACSA employees and six other individuals were arrested and appeared in court in connection with the heist. Airports Company South Africa Airports Company of South Africa Limited (ACSA) is a South African airport management company. Founded in 1993, ACSA operates nine of South Africa’s airports. The company","title":"Airports Company South Africa"},{"psg_id":"15274978","text":"the first official version of what eventually became the Tunisian Aviation and Airports Authority. OPAT continued until 1998 when it became the Tunisian Civil Aviation and Airports Authority (OACA). This was a change in name only and did not change any of the company's structure or function. Tunisian Civil Aviation and Airports Authority (OACA) is an organization that belongs to the Tunisian public sector. It is “responsible for the management, development, operation, maintenance [...] of international airports, as well as regional and local control of air navigation and its services in Tunisia”. Its auspices includes the seven international airports: Tunis–Carthage","title":"Tunisian Civil Aviation and Airports Authority"},{"psg_id":"7345384","text":"for property acquired by MWAA subsequent to the lease. The daily operation of the airports, their central administration, their police and fire departments and their payroll are not funded by tax dollars. Operating costs are paid through aircraft landing fees, rents for use of terminals and other facilities and revenues from concessions and parking. The Airports Authority is responsible for capital improvements at the airports, which are funded in part by passenger facility charges collected through airline tickets, Federal Airport Improvement Program funds and the proceeds of bonds issued by the Airports Authority. In 2008, the Airports Authority’s responsibilities were","title":"Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority"},{"psg_id":"7725504","text":"are listed in the Istanbul Stock Exchange since February 23, 2007, under the name of \"TAVHL\". As of July 2017, TAV operates the following airports: TAV Airports Holding TAV Airports Holding (Tepe Akfen Vie) () was established as a joint venture between Tepe and Akfen groups and Airport Consulting Vienna in 1997. TAV Airports is the leading airport operator in Turkey as per the DHMI 2010 passenger statistics including transfer passengers. In October 2011, TAV Airports was put for sale for €2 billion, with Crédit Suisse handling the bid process. On March 12, 2012, TAV announced the planned sale of","title":"TAV Airports Holding"},{"psg_id":"9704377","text":"airports remained largely stagnant in 2015, with a marginal 0.63 percent increase to 1.38 million tonnes, reflecting sluggish global trade. AOT is budgeting 220 billion baht in 2018 for the creation of two new airports and the expansion of four existing airports owned by the Department of Airports. AOT intends to build Chiang Mai 2 in Lamphun Province and Phuket Airport 2 in Phang Nga Province. The four existing airports to be managed by AOT are the Tak Airport, Sakon Nakhon Airport, Chumphon Airport, and Udon Thani International Airport. Airports of Thailand PCL Airports of Thailand Public Company Limited (AOT)","title":"Airports of Thailand PCL"},{"psg_id":"13743212","text":"member), Parkland County (one member), Strathcona County (one member) and Sturgeon County (one member). The board also appoints two members at-large. Edmonton Airports operates the Edmonton International Airport (EIA) and the Edmonton/Villeneuve Airport. The EIA is owned by Transport Canada, leased by Edmonton Airports, and part of the National Airports System. It includes a planned inland port logistics support facility in support of the Port Alberta initiative. The Villeneuve Airport is owned by Edmonton Airports. Edmonton Airports Edmonton Airports, officially the Edmonton Regional Airports Authority, was formed in 1990, under the \"Regional Airports Authorities Act\" passed by the Legislative Assembly","title":"Edmonton Airports"},{"psg_id":"15256407","text":"specific airports, consisting of interviews with senior members of staff on relevant topics. There are four different types of memberships available. Presently ACI EUROPE has: Airports Council International Europe Airports Council International Europe (ACI EUROPE) is a European industry trade association which advances the collective interests of Europe's airports and promotes professional excellence in airport management and operations. The members are over 600 airport operators of all sizes in 58 European countries, over 90% of commercial air traffic in Europe. ACI EUROPE member airports welcomed over 2.3 billion passengers and handled 17 million metric tonnes of cargo and nearly 45","title":"Airports Council International Europe"},{"psg_id":"15861642","text":"United Airports of Georgia United Airports of Georgia LLC (Georgian language საქართველოს აეროპორტების გაერთიანება) is a state owned company in Georgia established in 2011, functioning under the Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development. It is the owner on behalf of the Georgian government of the country's civil airports, of which it operates three. The civil airports comprise Tbilisi International Airport and Batumi International Airport, which are both operated by TAV Georgia, and those operated by UAG itself, which are Kutaisi International Airport and two domestic airports, namely, Mestia Airport, also known as Queen Tamar Airport, and (from 2017) Ambrolauri Airport.","title":"United Airports of Georgia"},{"psg_id":"15861641","text":"United Airports of Georgia United Airports of Georgia LLC (Georgian language საქართველოს აეროპორტების გაერთიანება) is a state owned company in Georgia established in 2011, functioning under the Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development. It is the owner on behalf of the Georgian government of the country's civil airports, of which it operates three. The civil airports comprise Tbilisi International Airport and Batumi International Airport, which are both operated by TAV Georgia, and those operated by UAG itself, which are Kutaisi International Airport and two domestic airports, namely, Mestia Airport, also known as Queen Tamar Airport, and (from 2017) Ambrolauri Airport.","title":"United Airports of Georgia"},{"psg_id":"11054571","text":"75 million international passengers annually, is the largest airport in the UK. London serves as the largest aviation hub in the world by passenger traffic, with six international airports, handling over 163 million passengers in 2016, more than any other city. London's second-busiest airport, London-Gatwick, was until 2016 the world's busiest single-runway airport. Manchester Airport is the United Kingdom's third-busiest airport. London-Stansted and London-Luton are the fourth- and fifth-busiest airports, respectively. The largest airport operator in the United Kingdom is Heathrow Airport Holdings (owner of Heathrow), followed by Manchester Airports Group (owner of Manchester, Stansted and East Midlands). Together with","title":"Busiest airports in the United Kingdom by total passenger traffic"},{"psg_id":"9481710","text":"traffic comes from Europe, where France is responsible for 30-35% of all traffic and the rest of Europe produces 40-45% of all traffic. Domestic flights are responsible for 10% of traffic. Other destinations to/from Morocco are North America (2-2,5%), Middle & Far-East (5%) and Africa (Maghreb: 3,5; rest of Africa: 6%) Moroccan Airports Authority The Moroccan Airports Authority (, ONDA, ) is the Moroccan airport operator and administrator. The company headquarters are in Mohammed V International Airport in Casablanca. ONDA was established in July 1990 under parliamentary law 14-89. Prior to then, Morocco's airports were administered by the Moroccan Ministry","title":"Moroccan Airports Authority"},{"psg_id":"10998623","text":"Malaysia Airports Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad () is a Malaysian airport company that manages most of the airports in Malaysia. The firm was recently awarded the duty to manage airports in international destinations. It has its head office in the Malaysia Airports Corporate Office in the Persiaran Korporat KLIA in Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA), Sepang, Selangor. Malaysia Airports Berhad was incorporated in 1991 when the Malaysian Parliament passed a bill to separate the Department of Civil Aviation (DCA) into two entities with different spheres of responsibilities. DCA remains the regulatory body for the airports and aviation industry in Malaysia,","title":"Malaysia Airports"},{"psg_id":"18988033","text":"What Are They Doing in Heaven? \"What Are They Doing in Heaven?\" is a Christian hymn written in 1901 by American Methodist minister Charles Albert Tindley. , it has become popular enough to have been included in 16 hymnals. The song has sometimes been recorded under the titles \"What Are They Doing?\" and \"What Are They Doing in Heaven Today?\". The question mark is often omitted. The song may also be known by its first line, \"I am thinking of friends whom I used to know\". The song consists of four verses and a refrain, each four lines long. In","title":"What Are They Doing in Heaven?"},{"psg_id":"18988035","text":"in a wide variety of styles, including gospel and bluegrass; sometimes attributed to Phillips or to \"anonymous\" or to \"traditional\". What Are They Doing in Heaven? \"What Are They Doing in Heaven?\" is a Christian hymn written in 1901 by American Methodist minister Charles Albert Tindley. , it has become popular enough to have been included in 16 hymnals. The song has sometimes been recorded under the titles \"What Are They Doing?\" and \"What Are They Doing in Heaven Today?\". The question mark is often omitted. The song may also be known by its first line, \"I am thinking of","title":"What Are They Doing in Heaven?"},{"psg_id":"20792648","text":"often attracted all sorts of neurotics, hysterics and even madmen: \"All organisations which depend on enthusiasm and opposition to conventional opinion suffer from this problem to some degree; Theosophy appears to have been especially prone to it. The permanent residents at Adyar during the 1880s and '90s were typical. A quarrelsome collection of minor English aristocrats, rich American widows, German professors, Indian mystics and hangerson of every description, they were all eager to have their say, especially during Olcott's prolonged absences, and all ready to quarrel with one another.\" What Are The Theosophists? \"What Are The Theosophists?\" is an editorial","title":"What Are The Theosophists?"},{"psg_id":"15256401","text":"team of 25 full-time staff. Its offices are in Square de Meeus, Brussels, Belgium. As one of the regional bodies within the global family that constitutes Airports Council International, ACI EUROPE is in regular contact with its sister organisations, including Airports Council International, ACI NORTH AMERICA, ACI ASIA-PACIFIC, ACI LATIN-AMERICA & CARIBBEAN and ACI AFRICA. ACI EUROPE was formed in 1990, as part of a wider development which saw the creation of Airports Council International. European Airports had previously been represented by the \"Western European Airports Association (WEAA), which was integrated with two other international airport representative bodies – Airports","title":"Airports Council International Europe"},{"psg_id":"14355924","text":"there. Its open skies policy was heavily criticized in a campaign called \"American for fair skies\" led by US airlines and labor groups. The campaign asked president Barack Obama to solve this case of unfair competition, revealing that airport-related activities in Dubai are heavily subsidized. Dubai Airports Company Dubai Airports Company is the airport authority that owns and manages airports in Dubai, including the Al Maktoum International Airport and the Dubai International Airport. Dubai Airports Company was structured in 2008 to take control of Al Maktoum International Airport at Dubai World Central in Jebel Ali, Dubai International Airport, and Dubai","title":"Dubai Airports Company"},{"psg_id":"9704375","text":"Airports of Thailand PCL Airports of Thailand Public Company Limited (AOT) () is a Thai public company. It manages Thailand's six international airports. In 2018, it became the most-valuable airport operator in the world. Thailand's 28 regional airports are managed by the Department of Airports, a separate agency. AOT was established on 20 September 2002, as a result of the privatisation of the state-owned Airports Authority of Thailand (AAT). At that time, the company was worth 14,285,700,000 baht. The Thai government held, and still holds, 70 percent of the company's stock. During fiscal year 2014 AOT's average daily market capitalization","title":"Airports of Thailand PCL"},{"psg_id":"15160492","text":"welcomed 7.7 billion arriving and departing passengers and handled 110 million metric tonnes of cargo and 92 million aircraft movements. ACI reported 641 members operating 1,957 airports in 176 countries and territories. ACI regular members are owners or operators, other than airlines, of one or more civil airports with commercial air services. ACI represents airports interests with Governments and international organizations such as ICAO, develops standards, policies and recommended practices for airports, and provides information and training opportunities to raise standards around the world. ACI considers safety as its main priority, and has launched programs such as Airport Excellence (APEX)","title":"Airports Council International"},{"psg_id":"15224231","text":"Stray animals at Indian airports Stray animals are common on the runways of Indian airports. These stray animals pose a major threat to air safety in most airports across the nation. According to the Airports Authority of India (AAI) officials, animals straying onto the runway are routine at many airports in India. The stray animals found in the runways of Indian airports include dogs, antelope, cows, jackals, snakes, and monkeys. Hyenas and jackals have strayed on the runways of the Indira Gandhi International Airport in New Delhi resulting in their closure. Wild animals like nilgais, spotted deer, and wild boars","title":"Stray animals at Indian airports"},{"psg_id":"18490490","text":"AGS Airports AGS Airports Limited is the United Kingdom-based owner of Aberdeen, Glasgow and Southampton Airports. The company was formed in September 2014 by Ferrovial, a Spanish firm specialising in the design, construction, financing, operation and maintenance of transport, urban and services infrastructure, and Macquarie Group, an Australian company, composed of diversified financial services. Each own a 50% stake in the company. The company acquired Aberdeen, Glasgow and Southampton Airports in December 2014 from Heathrow Airport Holdings (formerly BAA). Aberdeen, Glasgow and Southampton Airports were originally owned and operated by the British Airports Authority, who acquired them in the 1970s.","title":"AGS Airports"},{"psg_id":"3478307","text":"Metropolitan Airports Commission The Minneapolis-Saint Paul Metropolitan Airports Commission (MAC) is the owner and operator of Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport in Minnesota as well as six other reliever airports in the Twin Cities region, which primarily provide service to private individuals and businesses, but also have regional transportation service. The MAC is a governmental agency of the State of Minnesota. Twelve of its commissioners are appointed by the governor. The mayors of the cities of Minneapolis and St. Paul or their designees are also members of the commission. Four of the commissioners must be residents of outstate Minnesota (outside the","title":"Metropolitan Airports Commission"},{"psg_id":"20994519","text":"Airport were transferred to Kansai Airports from New Kansai International Airport Co., Ltd. (NKIAC) on the 1st of April 2016. On the 1st of April 2018, Kansai Airports Kobe, a wholly owned subsidiary of Kansai Airports, took over the operation of Kobe Airport from Kobe City. Currently, the Kansai Airports Group consists of the following companies: Kansai Airports The company's mission according to its official website is \"\"to be renowned as a pioneer in the aviation industry within the Asia Pacific region, and to become a world-class international airport operator by continuously raising performance standards for airports\".\" The shareholders percentage","title":"Kansai Airports"},{"psg_id":"5177925","text":"National Airports Policy (Canada) The National Airports Policy is a program of the Government of Canada involving the privatization or private operation of nearly all of the country's airports that was commenced during the 1990s. The policy continues to be controversial in Canada because of greatly increased airport fees that have resulted and the ongoing inability of airports to meet infrastructure requirements. For example, the fees charged to carriers and general aviation by the Greater Toronto Airports Authority at Toronto Pearson International Airport are among the highest in the world. The Liberal Transport Minister who oversaw the creation of the","title":"National Airports Policy (Canada)"},{"psg_id":"11054574","text":"UK airports by total passenger traffic in 2009, from UK CAA statistics. Busiest airports in the United Kingdom by total passenger traffic This is a list of the busiest airports in the United Kingdom, Channel Islands, and Isle of Man ranked by total passenger traffic, compiled from Civil Aviation Authority data from 2006 to 2016. For some years the figures also show total aircraft movements and cargo volume handled at each airport. For a complete list of UK airports, see List of airports in the United Kingdom and the British Crown Dependencies. The United Kingdom, an island country, is home","title":"Busiest airports in the United Kingdom by total passenger traffic"},{"psg_id":"11054570","text":"Busiest airports in the United Kingdom by total passenger traffic This is a list of the busiest airports in the United Kingdom, Channel Islands, and Isle of Man ranked by total passenger traffic, compiled from Civil Aviation Authority data from 2006 to 2016. For some years the figures also show total aircraft movements and cargo volume handled at each airport. For a complete list of UK airports, see List of airports in the United Kingdom and the British Crown Dependencies. The United Kingdom, an island country, is home to many of Europe's largest and busiest airports. London-Heathrow, which handles over","title":"Busiest airports in the United Kingdom by total passenger traffic"},{"psg_id":"9471533","text":"stage. What Are We Doin' in Love \"What Are We Doin' in Love\" is a song written by Randy Goodrum and recorded by American country music artist Dottie West with the uncredited vocals of Kenny Rogers. It was released in March 1981 as the second single from the album \"Wild West\". \"What Are We Doin' in Love\" was the duo's third and final number one on the country chart. Since 1978, West and Rogers had been together as a duet partnership. Rogers revived the career of Dottie West when their song \"Every Time Fools Collide\" became a hit in 1978.","title":"What Are We Doin' in Love"},{"psg_id":"9471531","text":"What Are We Doin' in Love \"What Are We Doin' in Love\" is a song written by Randy Goodrum and recorded by American country music artist Dottie West with the uncredited vocals of Kenny Rogers. It was released in March 1981 as the second single from the album \"Wild West\". \"What Are We Doin' in Love\" was the duo's third and final number one on the country chart. Since 1978, West and Rogers had been together as a duet partnership. Rogers revived the career of Dottie West when their song \"Every Time Fools Collide\" became a hit in 1978. They","title":"What Are We Doin' in Love"},{"psg_id":"15224235","text":"20 minutes after a stray dog was spotted. In a similar incident at the same airport in January 2016, one domestic flight was forced to abort take-off while four others were made to hover in the skies for more than 15 minutes after a dog strayed into the runway. Stray animals at Indian airports Stray animals are common on the runways of Indian airports. These stray animals pose a major threat to air safety in most airports across the nation. According to the Airports Authority of India (AAI) officials, animals straying onto the runway are routine at many airports in","title":"Stray animals at Indian airports"},{"psg_id":"13743211","text":"Edmonton Airports Edmonton Airports, officially the Edmonton Regional Airports Authority, was formed in 1990, under the \"Regional Airports Authorities Act\" passed by the Legislative Assembly of Alberta in 1989, and is responsible for the management and operation of two airports in the Edmonton area. It is a non-profit organisation and, as per the act, has no shareholders and does not pay dividends. The authority is governed by a 15-member board of directors appointed to represent the various municipalities and the Government of Canada (2 members). These municipalities include the cities of Edmonton (six members), Leduc (one member), Leduc County (one","title":"Edmonton Airports"},{"psg_id":"20624073","text":"Airports Act 1986 The Airports Act 1986 (c. 31) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The act reformed civil aviation in Great Britain and privatised the British Airports Authority from a public department into BAA as a private company. It also granted additional regulatory powers to the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA). The British Airports Authority was established in 1965 by the Airports Authority Act 1965 to take management of the UK's larger airports into public ownership under a government authority. The Airports Act 1986 transferred the powers relating to running government owned airports from the British","title":"Airports Act 1986"},{"psg_id":"9481704","text":"Moroccan Airports Authority The Moroccan Airports Authority (, ONDA, ) is the Moroccan airport operator and administrator. The company headquarters are in Mohammed V International Airport in Casablanca. ONDA was established in July 1990 under parliamentary law 14-89. Prior to then, Morocco's airports were administered by the Moroccan Ministry of transport. One year later, ONDA inaugurated Al Massira Airport in Agadir. On 15 September 2003, Abdelhanine Benallou, was nominated as new general manager of ONDA. Although Morocco has its share in aircraft accidents, the number of serious incidents with fatalities directly related to an airport (approach, take-off or on ground","title":"Moroccan Airports Authority"},{"psg_id":"15160494","text":"positions on security issues which guide the organisation and member airports. All of the ACI World IT initiatives are coordinated through the ACI World Airport IT Standing Committee. It is constituted by leaders from airports and business partners around the world and aims to reformulate recommended practices and develop guidelines, benchmarking and training materials to help airports find the best business solutions for themselves, their partners and their customers. ACI develops initiatives to promote aviation and airport sustainable developments in order to limit or reduce environmental impacts while supporting economic and social benefits. ACI created tools to help airport calculate","title":"Airports Council International"},{"psg_id":"15256400","text":"Airports Council International Europe Airports Council International Europe (ACI EUROPE) is a European industry trade association which advances the collective interests of Europe's airports and promotes professional excellence in airport management and operations. The members are over 600 airport operators of all sizes in 58 European countries, over 90% of commercial air traffic in Europe. ACI EUROPE member airports welcomed over 2.3 billion passengers and handled 17 million metric tonnes of cargo and nearly 45 million aircraft movements each year since 1990. ACI EUROPE is a non-profit organisation. It is led by their non executive-general Olivier Jankovec, and has a","title":"Airports Council International Europe"},{"psg_id":"8034461","text":"the world. The Chicago region is served by two other major commercial airports, Midway and Milwaukee's General Mitchell International Airport, along with several smaller airports. The city is served by all major worldwide airlines, and O'Hare is an international hub for both American and United Airlines, while Midway is a hub for domestic carrier Southwest Airlines. There is also a considerable network of rail lines and interstate highways in the region. Chicago has over 30,000 hotel rooms in the immediate downtown area alone, and it has the largest skilled-labor workforce in the US catering to conventions and other large-scale media","title":"Chicago bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics"},{"psg_id":"4054030","text":"islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (an Overseas collectivity of France) cooperate with Canada on air travel via several major Canadian airports. The following list contains the 26 NAS airports effective 17 April 2010, along with their IATA codes and passenger numbers for 2014: National Airports System Canada's National Airport System (NAS) was defined in the National Airports Policy published in 1994. It was intended to include all airports with an annual traffic of 200,000 passengers or more, as well as airports serving the national, provincial and territorial capitals. All airports, with the exception of the three territorial capitals, in","title":"National Airports System"},{"psg_id":"11054573","text":"traffic in 2014, from UK CAA statistics. The following is a list of the 40 largest UK airports by total passenger traffic in 2013, from UK CAA statistics. The following is a list of the 40 largest UK airports by total passenger traffic in 2012, from UK CAA statistics. The following is a list of the 40 largest UK airports by total passenger traffic in 2011, from UK CAA statistics. The following is a list of the 40 largest UK airports by total passenger traffic in 2010, from UK CAA statistics. The following is a list of the 40 largest","title":"Busiest airports in the United Kingdom by total passenger traffic"},{"psg_id":"11268511","text":"students are encouraged to apply. Le Cordon Bleu College of Culinary Arts in Chicago is located at 361 W. Chestnut in Chicago, Illinois. The school is separated by the \"North Campus\" and the \"South Campus\". The \"North Campus\" consists of a brick building that is close to public transportation, expressways and airports. The \"South Campus\" is located nearby at 820 North Orleans. The school houses 13 industry-current kitchens, 14 classrooms, a library, student lounge, computer lab, tutoring center and café. Le Cordon Bleu College of Culinary Arts in Chicago offers students the opportunity to participate in several clubs and organizations.","title":"Le Cordon Bleu College of Culinary Arts in Chicago"},{"psg_id":"18800469","text":"What Are Records? What Are Records? (or W.A.R.?) is an independent record label located in Boulder, Colorado. Founded in New York City in 1991 by owner Rob Gordon, former director of A&R at EMI, the company moved to Boulder in 1994. W.A.R.? has released over 100 records by Frank Black (of the Pixies), Bill Burr, Stephen Lynch, The Samples, Maceo Parker, Melissa Ferrick, and Whitest Kids U' Know. What Are Records? was founded in Gordon’s New York City loft in 1991. From the beginning, it fostered a direct-to-stores and direct-to-consumers distribution strategy Friend of Gordon and The Samples then-manager, Ted","title":"What Are Records?"},{"psg_id":"10998624","text":"whilst the newly created entity, Malaysia Airports Berhad, is to focus on the operation, management, and maintenance of airports. In November 1992, Malaysia Airports Berhad was duly licensed by the Minister of Transport Malaysia to carry out its function as the airport operator. The holding company, Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad (MAHB) was incorporated as a public limited company in November 1999 and was thereafter listed on the Main Board of the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange, becoming the first airport operating company to be listed in Asia and the sixth in the world. The main airport is the KL International Airport","title":"Malaysia Airports"},{"psg_id":"18490491","text":"In the late 1980s the authority was sold off by the government and became BAA plc. By 2012 BAA had sold off three of their seven airports and rebranded as Heathrow Airport Holdings. In 2014 HAH decided to sell off Aberdeen, Glasgow and Southampton to enable the company to focus on improving Heathrow for passengers and winning support for Heathrow expansion. AGS Airports AGS Airports Limited is the United Kingdom-based owner of Aberdeen, Glasgow and Southampton Airports. The company was formed in September 2014 by Ferrovial, a Spanish firm specialising in the design, construction, financing, operation and maintenance of transport,","title":"AGS Airports"},{"psg_id":"16579321","text":"Liverpool Street station up to 8 times per hour. The journey to London takes about one hour. A number of other airports also serve the London area. The following are mainly used by general aviation flights. Airports are listed at their current borough, although the area may have been outside London at the time of construction. There were several Royal Air Force stations in London. This list excludes those that are classed as non-flying stations. Station are listed at their current borough, although the area may have been outside London at the time of construction. Due to London's high capacity,","title":"Airports of London"},{"psg_id":"14355921","text":"Dubai Airports Company Dubai Airports Company is the airport authority that owns and manages airports in Dubai, including the Al Maktoum International Airport and the Dubai International Airport. Dubai Airports Company was structured in 2008 to take control of Al Maktoum International Airport at Dubai World Central in Jebel Ali, Dubai International Airport, and Dubai Cargo Village In 2016, Dubai Airports started working on the expansion of the Al Maktoum International Airport, from 66,107 to 145,926 sq metres. In 2017, Dubai Airports started implementing two 3,600 square metres modular data center facilities that bring data availability up to 99.82% (only","title":"Dubai Airports Company"},{"psg_id":"16579311","text":"Airports of London The metropolitan area of London, England, United Kingdom is served by six international airports and several smaller airports. Together, they make the busiest airport system in the world by passenger numbers and the second-busiest by aircraft movements. In 2016, the six airports handled a total of 163,231,321 passengers. The London airports handle 60% of all the UK's air traffic. The airports serve a total of 14 domestic destinations and 396 international destinations. Located in the London Borough of Newham, City Airport is situated in London's Docklands, and is the closest to central London, which limits its size","title":"Airports of London"},{"psg_id":"12507847","text":"1996 by the Howard Coalition Government that each airport would be leased to an individual operator for 50 years, with an option for a 49-year extension. Airport divestment was initiated in 1997 with the leasing of Melbourne, Brisbane and Perth Airports, followed by Adelaide, Canberra and Gold Coast Airports, the remaining smaller airports in 1998, Sydney Airport in 2002, and the Sydney Basin Airports of Bankstown, Camden and Hoxton Park in 2003. At the beginning of 1997 the FAC operated 22 airports and handled over 60 million passenger annually. Melbourne Airport was leased to a newly formed Australia Pacific Airports","title":"Federal Airports Corporation"},{"psg_id":"10998625","text":"(KLIA). KLIA is the result of a visionary strategy to meet the needs of new large aircraft and the traffic demand of the 21st century. KLIA has pioneered the use of state-of-the-art technology in airport management known as Total Airport Management Systems (TAMS). TAMS, managed by Malaysia Airport (Technologies) Sdn. Bhd. consists of more than 40 systems and airport functions including air traffic management, baggage handling, passenger check-in, and flight information display. MAHB's present corporate structure includes several operating subsidiaries; Malaysia Airports Sdn. Bhd. (MASB), Malaysia Airports (Sepang) Sdn. Bhd., Malaysia Airports (Niaga) Sdn. Bhd., Malaysia Airports Technologies Sdn. Bhd.,","title":"Malaysia Airports"},{"psg_id":"12507849","text":"and the transfer of residual assets and liabilities to the Commonwealth of Australia was not completed until 8 September 1999. Sydney Airport Corporation acquired the lease for Sydney Airport in 2002. At present the primary responsibility of the Airports Branch of the Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development is the regulation of 21 leased federal airports on Commonwealth land. The Branch administers the \"Airports Act 1996\", its associated regulations and the airport head leases. Federal Airports Corporation The Federal Airports Corporation (FAC) was a business enterprise of the Government of Australia responsible for the operation of major passenger airports in","title":"Federal Airports Corporation"},{"psg_id":"17630445","text":"the shortage of airport capacity has become more difficult because of the growth and development of Heathrow Airport as the UK's only hub airport, as opposed to all other UK airports which are based on the point to point airport operating model. The provision of additional capacity at major point to point airports, such as Gatwick or Stansted, would not address the UK's shortage of hub airport capacity. In 1978 the Traffic Distribution Rules were introduced to try and encourage British Airways (BA) to make greater use of Gatwick Airport as a second hub. However, in 1991, having incurred significant","title":"Airports Commission"},{"psg_id":"2251779","text":"private investors to purchase stakes in order to provide extra capital for future investment and takeovers of airports. Manchester City Council would retain a controlling stake over the organisation. To raise funds for the purchase of Stansted Airport, IFM Investors purchased a 35.5% share in the group. MAG owns three airports in the United Kingdom (see Busiest airports in the United Kingdom by total passenger traffic). Manchester Airports Group The Manchester Airports Group plc (MAG) is a holding company which is owned by the ten metropolitan borough councils of Greater Manchester, in North West England, and Australian investment fund IFM","title":"Manchester Airports Group"},{"psg_id":"12797849","text":"smuggling, etc. Airports Security Force The Airports Security Force (Pakistan) (ASF) is part of the Aviation Division and is responsible for protecting the airports, facilities and the planes (on-ground or in-air). ASF safeguards the civil aviation industry against unlawful interferences, adopting counter terrorism measures, preventing crime and maintaining law and order within the limits of airports in Pakistan. The current Director General of ASF is Major General Zafar Ul Haq HI(M). The ASF was established in 1976 under the Airports Security Force Act LXXVII of 1975 initially as the Directorate of the Department of Civil Aviation. After the hijacking of","title":"Airports Security Force"},{"psg_id":"12797847","text":"Airports Security Force The Airports Security Force (Pakistan) (ASF) is part of the Aviation Division and is responsible for protecting the airports, facilities and the planes (on-ground or in-air). ASF safeguards the civil aviation industry against unlawful interferences, adopting counter terrorism measures, preventing crime and maintaining law and order within the limits of airports in Pakistan. The current Director General of ASF is Major General Zafar Ul Haq HI(M). The ASF was established in 1976 under the Airports Security Force Act LXXVII of 1975 initially as the Directorate of the Department of Civil Aviation. After the hijacking of a Pakistan","title":"Airports Security Force"},{"psg_id":"9481706","text":"with Côte d'Azur International Airport, Nice, France. Around 2004 ONDA created a masterplan to upgrade many facilities by 2010. The main projects are: (the planned completion date in brackets) Apart from these larger plans some other smaller changes are planned around many airports around the country. Under the name Salon Convives de Marque ONDA offers VIP lounge services at some of the airports it manages. Services offered include access to the VIP lounge, assistance during check-in, retrieving luggage, boarding and assistance with the 'formalities' (passport-control, security etc.) (\"fast lanes\" or priority boarding).<br> The VIP service is not linked to any","title":"Moroccan Airports Authority"},{"psg_id":"6710208","text":"into Joint Ventures at Mumbai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Bangalore and Nagpur Airports to upgrade these airports. The Government of India constituted the International Airports Authority of India (IAAI) in 1972 to manage the nation's international airports while the National Airports Authority (NAA) was constituted in 1986 to look after domestic airports. The organisations were merged in April 1995 by an Act of Parliament, namely, the Airports Authority of India Act, 1994 and has been constituted as a Statutory Body and was named as Airports Authority of India (AAI). This new organisation was to be responsible for creating, upgrading, maintaining and managing","title":"Airports Authority of India"},{"psg_id":"16116550","text":"What Are Words (album) What Are Words is the debut album of the American singer Chris Medina. The album was released by Sony Music contains 11 pop-rock songs, some of them sensitive ballads, others more energetic and rocking. Album included the title track \"What Are Words\", a touching track inspired by Chris Medina's fiancé who had a serious brain injury after a car accident in 2009. Although \"What Are Words\" was only a minor hit in the United States, it was a big hit in Scandinavian countries topping both Norwegian \"VG-lista\" Singles Chart and the Swedish \"Sverigetopplistan\" Singles Chart. It","title":"What Are Words (album)"},{"psg_id":"14945329","text":"We Are What We Are (2010 film) We Are What We Are () is a 2010 Mexican horror film directed by Jorge Michel Grau. The movie is about a family who, after the death of the father, try to continue on with a disturbing, ritualistic tradition. The film stars Paulina Gaitán and Daniel Giménez Cacho. In the opening scene, Dad dies on the sidewalk at a local shopping mall. At home, his family is wondering what has become of him. Dad is a watchmaker who repairs watches at the local street market, and the family's sole means of support. As","title":"We Are What We Are (2010 film)"},{"psg_id":"15256406","text":"Services Organisation which aims to improve the operational efficiency of all airport operators. ACI EUROPE is fully supportive of the Single European Sky project, and participates fully as the representative of European airports. Communiqué \"AIRPORT BUSINESS\" magazine is ACI EUROPE’s quarterly magazine, containing policy and commercial news regarding airports primarily based in Europe. Traffic reports are published on a monthly basis, outlining the performance of the European aviation industry, from an aggregate level and to an individual airport level. ACI EUROPE also produces \"special editions\" of \"Airport Business\" for major airports in Europe. \"Special editions\" typically provide an overview of","title":"Airports Council International Europe"},{"psg_id":"4441972","text":"1870 and 1871 weather records taken at 181 West Washington Street were lost in the Great Chicago Fire. As for the two major airports located in Chicago, Midway Airport began observations in 1928, and O'Hare Airport began observations in 1958. Both sites have served as official observation locations, with the latter being the current location where Chicago's official weather data is recorded. For Midway Airport, weather data prior to July 1, 1942 and after January 16, 1980 are not part of the official climate record of Chicago. All weather data taken at O'Hare from the beginning of observations in 1958","title":"Climate of Chicago"},{"psg_id":"6710209","text":"civil aviation infrastructure both on the ground and air space in the country. Airports Authority of India The Airports Authority of India or AAI under the Ministry of Civil Aviation is responsible for creating, upgrading, maintaining and managing civil aviation infrastructure in India. It provides Air traffic management (ATM) services over Indian airspace and adjoining oceanic areas. It also manages a total of 125 Airports, including 11 International Airports, 8 Customs Airports, 81 Domestic Airports and 25 Civil enclaves at Military Airfields. AAI also has ground installations at all airports and 25 other locations to ensure safety of aircraft operations.","title":"Airports Authority of India"},{"psg_id":"6710204","text":"Airports Authority of India The Airports Authority of India or AAI under the Ministry of Civil Aviation is responsible for creating, upgrading, maintaining and managing civil aviation infrastructure in India. It provides Air traffic management (ATM) services over Indian airspace and adjoining oceanic areas. It also manages a total of 125 Airports, including 11 International Airports, 8 Customs Airports, 81 Domestic Airports and 25 Civil enclaves at Military Airfields. AAI also has ground installations at all airports and 25 other locations to ensure safety of aircraft operations. AAI covers all major air-routes over Indian landmass via 29 Radar installations at","title":"Airports Authority of India"},{"psg_id":"20792640","text":"All, and Nothing; ubiquitous yet one; the Essence filling, binding, bounding, containing everything; contained in all.\" Blavatsky believes that \"the very fact of a man's joining it proves that he is in search of the final truth as to the ultimate essence of things\" and that the very character of the idea of the Theosophical Society consists in the \"free and fearless investigation.\" Kalnitsky and Shabanova have quoted the article as follows: \"It will, we think, be seen now, that whether classed as Theists, Pantheists or Atheists, such men are near kinsmen to the rest. Be what he may, once","title":"What Are The Theosophists?"},{"psg_id":"17630443","text":"interests, when invited to complete the Airports Commission's Register of Interests. London, with six commercial airports in its metropolitan area, has the world's busiest airports system. However the question of how to expand the capacity of the system to cope with growing air travel demand is an issue that successive governments have failed to address since the 1950s. A previous commission – the Commission on the Third London Airport chaired by Eustace Roskill – sat between 1968 and 1971 and recommended that a site at Cublington in Buckinghamshire (to the north west of London) should be developed as London's third","title":"Airports Commission"},{"psg_id":"10998626","text":"Malaysia Airports (Properties) Sdn. Bhd., K.L. Airport Hotel Sdn. Bhd., MAB Agriculture-Holticulture Sdn. Bhd, Malaysia Airports Consultancy Services Sdn. Bhd., Malaysia International Aerospace Centre (MIAC) Sdn Bhd., and Urusan Teknologi Wawasan Sdn. Bhd.. The Group has a total staff strength of over 10,000 deployed across 39 offices nationwide. MAHB has acquired Sabiha Gocken International Airport in Istanbul, Turkey. MAHB also previously provided airport management services for the Angkor International Airport, Hyderabad International Airport India, Delhi International Airport India, Maldives International Airport and Phnom Penh International Airport in Cambodia through a joint-venture arrangement with Aéroports de Paris Management S.A Malaysia Airports","title":"Malaysia Airports"},{"psg_id":"4050394","text":"\"My Sister,\" and \"Spin the Bottle\", stating that \"her talents are strong enough to carry the album over the weak spots.\" The album was ranked No. 9 in \"NME\"s Albums of the Year list for 1993. Credits are adapted from the album's liner notes. Album Singles Become What You Are Become What You Are is the debut studio album by the American alternative rock band the Juliana Hatfield Three, released on August 3, 1993, by Mammoth Records. The album includes the hit singles \"My Sister\" and \"Spin the Bottle\". The singer and guitarist, Juliana Hatfield, recorded \"Become What You Are\"","title":"Become What You Are"},{"psg_id":"18800471","text":"Wilcox Everything Fancey Felicia Michaels Figurine Frank Black Glenn Tilbrook Hazard House of Large Sizes The Innocence Mission Jeep Joseph Brenna Le Concorde Lir Lloyd Cole Luce Maceo Parker Melissa Ferrick Munly The Ocean Blue The Poppy Family Primitive Radio Gods The Radiators Sally Taylor The Samples Sean Kelly Stuart Matthewman Sungha Jung The Swayback 24-7 Spyz Tim Finn Tony Furtado Ugly Americans What Are Records? What Are Records? (or W.A.R.?) is an independent record label located in Boulder, Colorado. Founded in New York City in 1991 by owner Rob Gordon, former director of A&R at EMI, the company moved","title":"What Are Records?"},{"psg_id":"15395224","text":"What Are Words \"What Are Words\" is a hit song written by Rodney Jerkins, Andre Lindal and Lauren Christy, and performed by American singer Chris Medina. It was released on February 25, 2011, the day after his surprising elimination on the reality TV show American Idol. The song is a tribute to his fiancée who suffered a brain injury as the result of a car wreck and is about promises, commitment and keeping your word. The music video was shot at Atlantis studios in Hollywood and was released days after the single. The video depicts Medina in the actual recording","title":"What Are Words"},{"psg_id":"15395228","text":"went number one in Sweden on July 1, 2011 and remained for 8 straight weeks. It was awarded a 2X platinum certification in Sweden on September 20, 2011. What Are Words \"What Are Words\" is a hit song written by Rodney Jerkins, Andre Lindal and Lauren Christy, and performed by American singer Chris Medina. It was released on February 25, 2011, the day after his surprising elimination on the reality TV show American Idol. The song is a tribute to his fiancée who suffered a brain injury as the result of a car wreck and is about promises, commitment and","title":"What Are Words"},{"psg_id":"12507846","text":"Federal Airports Corporation The Federal Airports Corporation (FAC) was a business enterprise of the Government of Australia responsible for the operation of major passenger airports in Australia. It was established by the Hawke Labor Government by an Act of Parliament in 1987 and commenced operation in January 1988. Discussion of the privatisation of airport operation in Australia commenced in the early 1990s. In April 1994, the Keating Labor Government announced that all airports operated by FAC would be privatised in several phases. Melbourne Airport, for example, was to be included in the first phase. A firm decision was made in","title":"Federal Airports Corporation"},{"psg_id":"15160497","text":"helps airports prioritize improvement projects and validates investments in new facilities and services. ACI first launched the Airports Excellence Program (APEX) in Safety in 2012. The program provides assistance for airports to enhance their level of safety. The programme's cornerstone is the airport safety review, which analyzes gaps in airport operation and infrastructure in comparison to International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) standards and safety best practices. ACI organizes and dispatches an on-site team of experts from ICAO and other airports to identify and remedy safety vulnerabilities through peer reviews, information sharing, training, assistance with implementation of management structures. The audits","title":"Airports Council International"},{"psg_id":"11966731","text":"of privatisation of the airports. Australia Pacific Airports Corporation Australia Pacific Airports Corporation Limited (APAC) is an unlisted company and owner of two Australian airports: Melbourne Airport and Launceston Airport. Each airport is operated by an airport lessee company, in which APAC has a controlling interest: Australia Pacific Airports (Melbourne) Pty Ltd and Australia Pacific Airports (Launceston) Pty Ltd respectively. APAC acquired the lease for Melbourne Airport for $1.307 billion on 2 July 1997, and a 90% stake in Launceston Airport for $18.8 million on 29 May 1998. Launceston City Council owns the remaining 10% of Launceston Airport. Each airport","title":"Australia Pacific Airports Corporation"},{"psg_id":"16579324","text":"Heathrow, more than Paris and Frankfurt combined, and Heathrow is the European terminus for 11 of the 25 busiest north Atlantic routes. The busiest long-haul route in the world is between London (Heathrow and Gatwick) and New York (JFK and Newark), with a total of 3,898,460 passengers travelling between the two cities in 2011. Airports of London The metropolitan area of London, England, United Kingdom is served by six international airports and several smaller airports. Together, they make the busiest airport system in the world by passenger numbers and the second-busiest by aircraft movements. In 2016, the six airports handled","title":"Airports of London"},{"psg_id":"2251771","text":"Manchester Airports Group The Manchester Airports Group plc (MAG) is a holding company which is owned by the ten metropolitan borough councils of Greater Manchester, in North West England, and Australian investment fund IFM Investors. Founded in 2001 following the acquisition of East Midlands Airport, MAG is the largest UK-owned airport operator, following the purchase of BAA by Spain's Ferrovial Group in 2006. The Group owns three British airports, East Midlands and Manchester Airport (which is the busiest airport outside the London region), as well as London Stansted Airport. In 2014, 47.1 million passengers used Manchester Airports Group Of the","title":"Manchester Airports Group"},{"psg_id":"7725500","text":"TAV Airports Holding TAV Airports Holding (Tepe Akfen Vie) () was established as a joint venture between Tepe and Akfen groups and Airport Consulting Vienna in 1997. TAV Airports is the leading airport operator in Turkey as per the DHMI 2010 passenger statistics including transfer passengers. In October 2011, TAV Airports was put for sale for €2 billion, with Crédit Suisse handling the bid process. On March 12, 2012, TAV announced the planned sale of 38% of the firm's issued share capital to the group Aéroports de Paris for a total consideration of 874 million USD. The sale value was","title":"TAV Airports Holding"},{"psg_id":"18386949","text":"as of November 8, 2014, is Evgeniy A. Chudnovskiy. The company is a large strategic investor, with over 30,000,000 rubles invested into private projects. Airports partially owned and/or managed by Airports of Regions: Airports of Regions Airports of Regions (, /Aeroporty Regionov/) is the largest airport holding and management company in Russia and is owned by CJSC Renova Group. It is based in Moscow, Russia. AR works in the transportation industry and provides services such as airport management and airport facility development.The company currently has full operating rights over Kurumoch International Airport, Koltsovo Airport, and Nizhny Novgorod International Airport (","title":"Airports of Regions"},{"psg_id":"18988034","text":"both the verses and the refrain, the first three lines rhyme, and the fourth is \"What are they doing now?\" or some small variant of that. The author reflects on friends who were burdened in life by care, or by disease, or by poverty; and wonders what they might now be doing in Heaven, without giving his answer. The first known recording of the song is the 1928 one by Washington Phillips (18801954; vocals and zither), in gospel blues style. Phillips' recording was used in the soundtrack of the 2005 film \"Elizabethtown\". The song has since been recorded many times","title":"What Are They Doing in Heaven?"},{"psg_id":"15160503","text":"Airports Council International Airports Council International (ACI) is the only global trade representative of the world's airport authorities. Established in 1991, ACI represents airports' interests with governments and international organizations, develops standards, policies and recommended practices for airports, and it provides information and training opportunities to raise the standards around the world. It aims to provide the public a safe, secure, efficient and an environmentally responsible air transport system. It is governed by the ACI Governing Board. ACI World is located in Montreal, Quebec, CanaI works on a daily basis with the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and is a","title":"Airports Council International"},{"psg_id":"15160489","text":"Airports Council International Airports Council International (ACI) is the only global trade representative of the world's airport authorities. Established in 1991, ACI represents airports' interests with governments and international organizations, develops standards, policies and recommended practices for airports, and it provides information and training opportunities to raise the standards around the world. It aims to provide the public a safe, secure, efficient and an environmentally responsible air transport system. It is governed by the ACI Governing Board. ACI World is located in Montreal, Quebec, CanaI works on a daily basis with the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and is a","title":"Airports Council International"},{"psg_id":"15160493","text":"to help airports enhance their level of safety. ACI also provides numerous publications on recommendations and best practices for airport operators. As part of its dedications to safe operations, ACI is involved in airport design specifications, standard operating procedures for airports, technology, systems & equipment, safety management systems for airports, safety guidance material and training. ACI encourages its member airports to continuously improve operational and cost efficiency to moderate the cost of flying and to mitigate intensifying capacity shortfalls, but also to create sufficient rates of return enabling to invest in additional capacity. ACI has formulated a number of policy","title":"Airports Council International"},{"psg_id":"3646319","text":"Angeles Police Department (LAPD) since the opening of the current terminal area in 1961. In 2002 then-mayor James Hahn assigned additional LAPD officers to LAX to provide armed law enforcement officer coverage at passenger screening stations. Those officers are trained by LAWAPD officers to perform this function. They are assigned on an overtime basis, with LAWA reimbursing LAPD and, in turn, receiving substantial reimbursement from the Transportation Security Administration. Los Angeles World Airports Los Angeles World Airports (LAWA) is the airport oversight and operations department for the city of Los Angeles, California. Its headquarters are on the grounds of Los","title":"Los Angeles World Airports"},{"psg_id":"14945338","text":"Film4 FrightFest 2010. IFC Film will release the film in the United States as Video-on-demand. Artificial Eye released \"We Are What We Are\" in the UK on 12 November 2010. The score was composed by Odd Crew. Deborah Young of \"Reuters\" said, that \"We Are What We Are\" \"is perhaps too dark and relentlessly humorless to find wide international audiences.\" Young stated that \"another limiting factor is the difficulty of identifying with any of the characters, who are played expressively but still remain abstract and alien, distant from the viewer.\" Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of","title":"We Are What We Are (2010 film)"},{"psg_id":"7345383","text":"Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority The Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority (MWAA) is an independent airport authority, created with the consent of the United States Congress to oversee management, operations, and capital development of the two major airports serving the capital: Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport and Washington Dulles International Airport. The Airports Authority was established to operate as a financially self-sustaining entity with the mission to manage and enhance Washington, D.C.’s two-airport system. The authority leases the airports from the United States Department of Transportation. The U.S. government originally built the airports and continues to own the underlying airport property except","title":"Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority"},{"psg_id":"3478308","text":"Twin Cities metropolitan area). Surveys, studies, planning documents, brochures, proposals, and reports documenting aspects of the commission's activities are available for research use. They include information regarding initial planning, disaster preparedness, studies and proposals for a second major airport site, accessibility to airport facilities, airport noise, the downtown St. Paul airport, Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport, deregulation, finance and bonding, personnel, parking and traffic potential, public relations, dual track airport planning, and relations with Northwest Airlines, particularly in relation to the public financing for construction of its Hibbing/Duluth repair facilities. Metropolitan Airports Commission The Minneapolis-Saint Paul Metropolitan Airports Commission (MAC) is","title":"Metropolitan Airports Commission"},{"psg_id":"16116551","text":"stayed at #1 for 11 weeks in Norway and for 8 weeks in Sweden. The follow up single from the album is \"One More Time\" written by Medina. The album \"What Are Words\" was released in Sweden on 26 November 2011 and entered the Swedish Albums Chart straight in at #7 on Week 47 dated 2 December 2011. What Are Words (album) What Are Words is the debut album of the American singer Chris Medina. The album was released by Sony Music contains 11 pop-rock songs, some of them sensitive ballads, others more energetic and rocking. Album included the title","title":"What Are Words (album)"},{"psg_id":"4050392","text":"Become What You Are Become What You Are is the debut studio album by the American alternative rock band the Juliana Hatfield Three, released on August 3, 1993, by Mammoth Records. The album includes the hit singles \"My Sister\" and \"Spin the Bottle\". The singer and guitarist, Juliana Hatfield, recorded \"Become What You Are\" with drummer Todd Philips, formerly of Moving Targets and Bullet LaVolta, and bassist Dean Fisher, who she met during high school in Duxbury, Massachusetts. Unlike her previous album \"Hey Babe\", which deals with personal topics, Hatfield decided to write songs about other things and make them","title":"Become What You Are"},{"psg_id":"19386358","text":"Detention and search of Indian VIPs at US airports Since 2001, several cases of detention and search of Indian VIPs at US airports have been reported, resulting in diplomatic tensions between India and the United States. Protest from Indian authorities often led to apologies from US officials. Unlike the United States, India frequently exempts diplomats and other well-known figures from airport security checks. Bollywood superstar Shah Rukh Khan was at the centre of three well-publicised incidents. On 15 August 2009, he was detained at Newark while on his way to celebrate India's Independence Day in Chicago. Three years later, he","title":"Detention and search of Indian VIPs at US airports"},{"psg_id":"17394122","text":"south during the \"Great Migration\" of the first half of the 20th century. Many arrived in the city looking for work and settled in what became known as the \"Black Belt\", the chain of neighborhoods on the South Side of Chicago where three-quarters of the city's African American population lived by the mid-20th century. The Black Belt was an area of aging, dilapidated housing that stretched 30 blocks along State Street on the South Side. It was rarely more than seven blocks wide. Many African Americans who moved to the Black Belt area of Chicago were from the Black Belt","title":"Chicago in the 1930s"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12704560\",\n \"text\": \"Operation of the city's airports is the responsibility of the Chicago Department of Aviation. There are several other smaller commercial airports in the Chicago area, these include: General Mitchell International Airport in Milwaukee is also used by residents of Chicago's northern suburbs looking to avoid the congestion of the two main Chicago airports. South Bend International Airport in South Bend, Indiana is connected to downtown Chicago via a South Shore Line station. The Chicago Transit Authority, or CTA, one of three service boards within the Regional Transportation Authority, operates the second largest public transportation system in the United States (to\",\n \"title\": \"Transportation in Chicago\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12704576\",\n \"text\": \"as part of a pilot program active during non-winter months. Bicycles are allowed on water taxis during off-peak and weekend hours. Transportation in Chicago Chicago, Illinois is the third-largest city in the United States and a major transportation hub for the Midwest. The city is served by two major airports, and is the main freight rail hub of North America. Surface transportation networks and public ways within the city are the responsibility of the Chicago Department of Transportation. Mass transit in much of the Chicago metropolitan area is managed through the Regional Transportation Authority (RTA), which was installed by referendum\",\n \"title\": \"Transportation in Chicago\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12704559\",\n \"text\": \"Transportation in Chicago Chicago, Illinois is the third-largest city in the United States and a major transportation hub for the Midwest. The city is served by two major airports, and is the main freight rail hub of North America. Surface transportation networks and public ways within the city are the responsibility of the Chicago Department of Transportation. Mass transit in much of the Chicago metropolitan area is managed through the Regional Transportation Authority (RTA), which was installed by referendum in 1974. The RTA provides transportation services through the funding of three subordinate agencies: the Chicago Transit Authority, Metra, and Pace.\",\n \"title\": \"Transportation in Chicago\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14945339\",\n \"text\": \"72% based on 43 reviews from critics, with a \\\"Certified Fresh\\\" rating. Fantastic Fest Fantasia International Film Festival Expresión en Corto International Film Festival Chicago International Film Festival Festival international du film fantastique de Gérardmer Memento Films International optioned the rights for an English-language remake starring Julia Garner and Ambyr Childers, directed by Jim Mickle and written by Mickle and Nick Damici, who previously worked together on \\\"Mulberry Street\\\" and \\\"Stake Land\\\". We Are What We Are (2010 film) We Are What We Are () is a 2010 Mexican horror film directed by Jorge Michel Grau. The movie is about\",\n \"title\": \"We Are What We Are (2010 film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20792631\",\n \"text\": \"What Are The Theosophists? \\\"What Are The Theosophists?\\\" is an editorial published in October 1879 in the theosophical magazine \\\"The Theosophist.\\\" It was compiled by Helena Blavatsky and it was included the 2nd volume of the \\\"Blavatsky Collected Writings.\\\" Arnold Kalnitsky wrote in his thesis that in this article \\\"we find a rather expansive statement of... [Blavatsky's] thoughts at that moment about the status of the movement, the Theosophical Society, its objectives, and the issues it was confronting.\\\" He wrote that the article begins with a question whether the Theosophists \\\"are they what they claim to be\\\": researchers of the\",\n \"title\": \"What Are The Theosophists?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11054572\",\n \"text\": \"British Airways and Virgin Atlantic Airways, they are part of the Aviation Foundation which lobby for the aviation needs of the United Kingdom. The following is a list of the 40 largest UK airports by total passenger traffic in 2017, from UK CAA statistics. The following is a list of the 40 largest UK airports by total passenger traffic in 2016, from UK CAA statistics. The following is a list of the 40 largest UK airports by total passenger traffic in 2015, from UK CAA statistics. The following is a list of the 40 largest UK airports by total passenger\",\n \"title\": \"Busiest airports in the United Kingdom by total passenger traffic\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20975027\",\n \"text\": \"activist Ja'mal Green. We Are Chicago We Are Chicago is an adventure simulation video game developed and published by American developer Culture Shock Games for Microsoft Windows. It was released on February 9, 2017. \\\"We Are Chicago\\\" is a video game set in the suburbs of South Side Chicago. The player assumes the role of Aaron, a black teenager dealing with the struggles of poverty and living in an area populated by gangs. During production, Culture Shock founder Michael Block and his team gathered at transit locations in the Englewood neighborhood of Chicago to interview its citizens regarding the problems\",\n \"title\": \"We Are Chicago\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20975025\",\n \"text\": \"We Are Chicago We Are Chicago is an adventure simulation video game developed and published by American developer Culture Shock Games for Microsoft Windows. It was released on February 9, 2017. \\\"We Are Chicago\\\" is a video game set in the suburbs of South Side Chicago. The player assumes the role of Aaron, a black teenager dealing with the struggles of poverty and living in an area populated by gangs. During production, Culture Shock founder Michael Block and his team gathered at transit locations in the Englewood neighborhood of Chicago to interview its citizens regarding the problems they faced. They\",\n \"title\": \"We Are Chicago\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10998627\",\n \"text\": \"owns Training Centre (MATC), located near Kuala Lumpur International Airport and Penang International Airport. These were established to cater for the training needs of all Malaysia Airports personnel. The MATCs have also been used as a centre for security related programs conducted by International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO). In addition, the MATCs provides expertise on aviation security and safety matters to the Malaysian government and airlines. The company manages 39 airports in Malaysia. Among them are: Other than Malaysia, the company currently manage one international airport outside of Malaysia.: Malaysia Airports Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad () is a Malaysian airport\",\n \"title\": \"Malaysia Airports\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20994517\",\n \"text\": \"Kansai Airports The company's mission according to its official website is \\\"\\\"to be renowned as a pioneer in the aviation industry within the Asia Pacific region, and to become a world-class international airport operator by continuously raising performance standards for airports\\\".\\\" The shareholders percentage ownership of Kansai Airports are ORIX 40%, VINCI Airports 40% and the rest 20% is shared among ASICS Corporation; Iwatani Corporation; Osaka Gas Co., Ltd.; Obayashi Corporation; OMRON Corporation; The Kansai Electric Power Company, Incorporated; Kintetsu Group Holding Co., Ltd.; Keihan Holdings Co.,Ltd.; Suntory Holdings Limited; JTB Corp.; Sekisui House, Ltd.; Daikin Industries, Ltd.; Daiwa House\",\n \"title\": \"Kansai Airports\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4054029\",\n \"text\": \"National Airports System Canada's National Airport System (NAS) was defined in the National Airports Policy published in 1994. It was intended to include all airports with an annual traffic of 200,000 passengers or more, as well as airports serving the national, provincial and territorial capitals. All airports, with the exception of the three territorial capitals, in the NAS are owned by Transport Canada and leased to the local authorities operating them. As of 1994, the 26 NAS airports served 94% of all scheduled passenger and cargo traffic in Canada. Due to very close proximity to the Province of Newfoundland, the\",\n \"title\": \"National Airports System\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8489022\",\n \"text\": \"as part of a broader plan to install solar farms in all of its regional airports. The following international airports are operated by ACSA: The following local airports are operated by ACSA: On 25 March 2006 gunmen armed with AK-47s stole bags containing several million US dollars at Johannesburg Airport (O.R. Tambo). Three ACSA employees and six other individuals were arrested and appeared in court in connection with the heist. Airports Company South Africa Airports Company of South Africa Limited (ACSA) is a South African airport management company. Founded in 1993, ACSA operates nine of South Africa’s airports. The company\",\n \"title\": \"Airports Company South Africa\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15274978\",\n \"text\": \"the first official version of what eventually became the Tunisian Aviation and Airports Authority. OPAT continued until 1998 when it became the Tunisian Civil Aviation and Airports Authority (OACA). This was a change in name only and did not change any of the company's structure or function. Tunisian Civil Aviation and Airports Authority (OACA) is an organization that belongs to the Tunisian public sector. It is “responsible for the management, development, operation, maintenance [...] of international airports, as well as regional and local control of air navigation and its services in Tunisia”. Its auspices includes the seven international airports: Tunis–Carthage\",\n \"title\": \"Tunisian Civil Aviation and Airports Authority\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7345384\",\n \"text\": \"for property acquired by MWAA subsequent to the lease. The daily operation of the airports, their central administration, their police and fire departments and their payroll are not funded by tax dollars. Operating costs are paid through aircraft landing fees, rents for use of terminals and other facilities and revenues from concessions and parking. The Airports Authority is responsible for capital improvements at the airports, which are funded in part by passenger facility charges collected through airline tickets, Federal Airport Improvement Program funds and the proceeds of bonds issued by the Airports Authority. In 2008, the Airports Authority’s responsibilities were\",\n \"title\": \"Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7725504\",\n \"text\": \"are listed in the Istanbul Stock Exchange since February 23, 2007, under the name of \\\"TAVHL\\\". As of July 2017, TAV operates the following airports: TAV Airports Holding TAV Airports Holding (Tepe Akfen Vie) () was established as a joint venture between Tepe and Akfen groups and Airport Consulting Vienna in 1997. TAV Airports is the leading airport operator in Turkey as per the DHMI 2010 passenger statistics including transfer passengers. In October 2011, TAV Airports was put for sale for €2 billion, with Crédit Suisse handling the bid process. On March 12, 2012, TAV announced the planned sale of\",\n \"title\": \"TAV Airports Holding\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9704377\",\n \"text\": \"airports remained largely stagnant in 2015, with a marginal 0.63 percent increase to 1.38 million tonnes, reflecting sluggish global trade. AOT is budgeting 220 billion baht in 2018 for the creation of two new airports and the expansion of four existing airports owned by the Department of Airports. AOT intends to build Chiang Mai 2 in Lamphun Province and Phuket Airport 2 in Phang Nga Province. The four existing airports to be managed by AOT are the Tak Airport, Sakon Nakhon Airport, Chumphon Airport, and Udon Thani International Airport. Airports of Thailand PCL Airports of Thailand Public Company Limited (AOT)\",\n \"title\": \"Airports of Thailand PCL\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13743212\",\n \"text\": \"member), Parkland County (one member), Strathcona County (one member) and Sturgeon County (one member). The board also appoints two members at-large. Edmonton Airports operates the Edmonton International Airport (EIA) and the Edmonton/Villeneuve Airport. The EIA is owned by Transport Canada, leased by Edmonton Airports, and part of the National Airports System. It includes a planned inland port logistics support facility in support of the Port Alberta initiative. The Villeneuve Airport is owned by Edmonton Airports. Edmonton Airports Edmonton Airports, officially the Edmonton Regional Airports Authority, was formed in 1990, under the \\\"Regional Airports Authorities Act\\\" passed by the Legislative Assembly\",\n \"title\": \"Edmonton Airports\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15256407\",\n \"text\": \"specific airports, consisting of interviews with senior members of staff on relevant topics. There are four different types of memberships available. Presently ACI EUROPE has: Airports Council International Europe Airports Council International Europe (ACI EUROPE) is a European industry trade association which advances the collective interests of Europe's airports and promotes professional excellence in airport management and operations. The members are over 600 airport operators of all sizes in 58 European countries, over 90% of commercial air traffic in Europe. ACI EUROPE member airports welcomed over 2.3 billion passengers and handled 17 million metric tonnes of cargo and nearly 45\",\n \"title\": \"Airports Council International Europe\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15861642\",\n \"text\": \"United Airports of Georgia United Airports of Georgia LLC (Georgian language საქართველოს აეროპორტების გაერთიანება) is a state owned company in Georgia established in 2011, functioning under the Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development. It is the owner on behalf of the Georgian government of the country's civil airports, of which it operates three. The civil airports comprise Tbilisi International Airport and Batumi International Airport, which are both operated by TAV Georgia, and those operated by UAG itself, which are Kutaisi International Airport and two domestic airports, namely, Mestia Airport, also known as Queen Tamar Airport, and (from 2017) Ambrolauri Airport.\",\n \"title\": \"United Airports of Georgia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15861641\",\n \"text\": \"United Airports of Georgia United Airports of Georgia LLC (Georgian language საქართველოს აეროპორტების გაერთიანება) is a state owned company in Georgia established in 2011, functioning under the Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development. It is the owner on behalf of the Georgian government of the country's civil airports, of which it operates three. The civil airports comprise Tbilisi International Airport and Batumi International Airport, which are both operated by TAV Georgia, and those operated by UAG itself, which are Kutaisi International Airport and two domestic airports, namely, Mestia Airport, also known as Queen Tamar Airport, and (from 2017) Ambrolauri Airport.\",\n \"title\": \"United Airports of Georgia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11054571\",\n \"text\": \"75 million international passengers annually, is the largest airport in the UK. London serves as the largest aviation hub in the world by passenger traffic, with six international airports, handling over 163 million passengers in 2016, more than any other city. London's second-busiest airport, London-Gatwick, was until 2016 the world's busiest single-runway airport. Manchester Airport is the United Kingdom's third-busiest airport. London-Stansted and London-Luton are the fourth- and fifth-busiest airports, respectively. The largest airport operator in the United Kingdom is Heathrow Airport Holdings (owner of Heathrow), followed by Manchester Airports Group (owner of Manchester, Stansted and East Midlands). Together with\",\n \"title\": \"Busiest airports in the United Kingdom by total passenger traffic\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9481710\",\n \"text\": \"traffic comes from Europe, where France is responsible for 30-35% of all traffic and the rest of Europe produces 40-45% of all traffic. Domestic flights are responsible for 10% of traffic. Other destinations to/from Morocco are North America (2-2,5%), Middle & Far-East (5%) and Africa (Maghreb: 3,5; rest of Africa: 6%) Moroccan Airports Authority The Moroccan Airports Authority (, ONDA, ) is the Moroccan airport operator and administrator. The company headquarters are in Mohammed V International Airport in Casablanca. ONDA was established in July 1990 under parliamentary law 14-89. Prior to then, Morocco's airports were administered by the Moroccan Ministry\",\n \"title\": \"Moroccan Airports Authority\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10998623\",\n \"text\": \"Malaysia Airports Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad () is a Malaysian airport company that manages most of the airports in Malaysia. The firm was recently awarded the duty to manage airports in international destinations. It has its head office in the Malaysia Airports Corporate Office in the Persiaran Korporat KLIA in Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA), Sepang, Selangor. Malaysia Airports Berhad was incorporated in 1991 when the Malaysian Parliament passed a bill to separate the Department of Civil Aviation (DCA) into two entities with different spheres of responsibilities. DCA remains the regulatory body for the airports and aviation industry in Malaysia,\",\n \"title\": \"Malaysia Airports\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18988033\",\n \"text\": \"What Are They Doing in Heaven? \\\"What Are They Doing in Heaven?\\\" is a Christian hymn written in 1901 by American Methodist minister Charles Albert Tindley. , it has become popular enough to have been included in 16 hymnals. The song has sometimes been recorded under the titles \\\"What Are They Doing?\\\" and \\\"What Are They Doing in Heaven Today?\\\". The question mark is often omitted. The song may also be known by its first line, \\\"I am thinking of friends whom I used to know\\\". The song consists of four verses and a refrain, each four lines long. In\",\n \"title\": \"What Are They Doing in Heaven?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18988035\",\n \"text\": \"in a wide variety of styles, including gospel and bluegrass; sometimes attributed to Phillips or to \\\"anonymous\\\" or to \\\"traditional\\\". What Are They Doing in Heaven? \\\"What Are They Doing in Heaven?\\\" is a Christian hymn written in 1901 by American Methodist minister Charles Albert Tindley. , it has become popular enough to have been included in 16 hymnals. The song has sometimes been recorded under the titles \\\"What Are They Doing?\\\" and \\\"What Are They Doing in Heaven Today?\\\". The question mark is often omitted. The song may also be known by its first line, \\\"I am thinking of\",\n \"title\": \"What Are They Doing in Heaven?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20792648\",\n \"text\": \"often attracted all sorts of neurotics, hysterics and even madmen: \\\"All organisations which depend on enthusiasm and opposition to conventional opinion suffer from this problem to some degree; Theosophy appears to have been especially prone to it. The permanent residents at Adyar during the 1880s and '90s were typical. A quarrelsome collection of minor English aristocrats, rich American widows, German professors, Indian mystics and hangerson of every description, they were all eager to have their say, especially during Olcott's prolonged absences, and all ready to quarrel with one another.\\\" What Are The Theosophists? \\\"What Are The Theosophists?\\\" is an editorial\",\n \"title\": \"What Are The Theosophists?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15256401\",\n \"text\": \"team of 25 full-time staff. Its offices are in Square de Meeus, Brussels, Belgium. As one of the regional bodies within the global family that constitutes Airports Council International, ACI EUROPE is in regular contact with its sister organisations, including Airports Council International, ACI NORTH AMERICA, ACI ASIA-PACIFIC, ACI LATIN-AMERICA & CARIBBEAN and ACI AFRICA. ACI EUROPE was formed in 1990, as part of a wider development which saw the creation of Airports Council International. European Airports had previously been represented by the \\\"Western European Airports Association (WEAA), which was integrated with two other international airport representative bodies – Airports\",\n \"title\": \"Airports Council International Europe\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14355924\",\n \"text\": \"there. Its open skies policy was heavily criticized in a campaign called \\\"American for fair skies\\\" led by US airlines and labor groups. The campaign asked president Barack Obama to solve this case of unfair competition, revealing that airport-related activities in Dubai are heavily subsidized. Dubai Airports Company Dubai Airports Company is the airport authority that owns and manages airports in Dubai, including the Al Maktoum International Airport and the Dubai International Airport. Dubai Airports Company was structured in 2008 to take control of Al Maktoum International Airport at Dubai World Central in Jebel Ali, Dubai International Airport, and Dubai\",\n \"title\": \"Dubai Airports Company\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9704375\",\n \"text\": \"Airports of Thailand PCL Airports of Thailand Public Company Limited (AOT) () is a Thai public company. It manages Thailand's six international airports. In 2018, it became the most-valuable airport operator in the world. Thailand's 28 regional airports are managed by the Department of Airports, a separate agency. AOT was established on 20 September 2002, as a result of the privatisation of the state-owned Airports Authority of Thailand (AAT). At that time, the company was worth 14,285,700,000 baht. The Thai government held, and still holds, 70 percent of the company's stock. During fiscal year 2014 AOT's average daily market capitalization\",\n \"title\": \"Airports of Thailand PCL\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15160492\",\n \"text\": \"welcomed 7.7 billion arriving and departing passengers and handled 110 million metric tonnes of cargo and 92 million aircraft movements. ACI reported 641 members operating 1,957 airports in 176 countries and territories. ACI regular members are owners or operators, other than airlines, of one or more civil airports with commercial air services. ACI represents airports interests with Governments and international organizations such as ICAO, develops standards, policies and recommended practices for airports, and provides information and training opportunities to raise standards around the world. ACI considers safety as its main priority, and has launched programs such as Airport Excellence (APEX)\",\n \"title\": \"Airports Council International\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15224231\",\n \"text\": \"Stray animals at Indian airports Stray animals are common on the runways of Indian airports. These stray animals pose a major threat to air safety in most airports across the nation. According to the Airports Authority of India (AAI) officials, animals straying onto the runway are routine at many airports in India. The stray animals found in the runways of Indian airports include dogs, antelope, cows, jackals, snakes, and monkeys. Hyenas and jackals have strayed on the runways of the Indira Gandhi International Airport in New Delhi resulting in their closure. Wild animals like nilgais, spotted deer, and wild boars\",\n \"title\": \"Stray animals at Indian airports\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18490490\",\n \"text\": \"AGS Airports AGS Airports Limited is the United Kingdom-based owner of Aberdeen, Glasgow and Southampton Airports. The company was formed in September 2014 by Ferrovial, a Spanish firm specialising in the design, construction, financing, operation and maintenance of transport, urban and services infrastructure, and Macquarie Group, an Australian company, composed of diversified financial services. Each own a 50% stake in the company. The company acquired Aberdeen, Glasgow and Southampton Airports in December 2014 from Heathrow Airport Holdings (formerly BAA). Aberdeen, Glasgow and Southampton Airports were originally owned and operated by the British Airports Authority, who acquired them in the 1970s.\",\n \"title\": \"AGS Airports\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3478307\",\n \"text\": \"Metropolitan Airports Commission The Minneapolis-Saint Paul Metropolitan Airports Commission (MAC) is the owner and operator of Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport in Minnesota as well as six other reliever airports in the Twin Cities region, which primarily provide service to private individuals and businesses, but also have regional transportation service. The MAC is a governmental agency of the State of Minnesota. Twelve of its commissioners are appointed by the governor. The mayors of the cities of Minneapolis and St. Paul or their designees are also members of the commission. Four of the commissioners must be residents of outstate Minnesota (outside the\",\n \"title\": \"Metropolitan Airports Commission\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20994519\",\n \"text\": \"Airport were transferred to Kansai Airports from New Kansai International Airport Co., Ltd. (NKIAC) on the 1st of April 2016. On the 1st of April 2018, Kansai Airports Kobe, a wholly owned subsidiary of Kansai Airports, took over the operation of Kobe Airport from Kobe City. Currently, the Kansai Airports Group consists of the following companies: Kansai Airports The company's mission according to its official website is \\\"\\\"to be renowned as a pioneer in the aviation industry within the Asia Pacific region, and to become a world-class international airport operator by continuously raising performance standards for airports\\\".\\\" The shareholders percentage\",\n \"title\": \"Kansai Airports\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5177925\",\n \"text\": \"National Airports Policy (Canada) The National Airports Policy is a program of the Government of Canada involving the privatization or private operation of nearly all of the country's airports that was commenced during the 1990s. The policy continues to be controversial in Canada because of greatly increased airport fees that have resulted and the ongoing inability of airports to meet infrastructure requirements. For example, the fees charged to carriers and general aviation by the Greater Toronto Airports Authority at Toronto Pearson International Airport are among the highest in the world. The Liberal Transport Minister who oversaw the creation of the\",\n \"title\": \"National Airports Policy (Canada)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11054574\",\n \"text\": \"UK airports by total passenger traffic in 2009, from UK CAA statistics. Busiest airports in the United Kingdom by total passenger traffic This is a list of the busiest airports in the United Kingdom, Channel Islands, and Isle of Man ranked by total passenger traffic, compiled from Civil Aviation Authority data from 2006 to 2016. For some years the figures also show total aircraft movements and cargo volume handled at each airport. For a complete list of UK airports, see List of airports in the United Kingdom and the British Crown Dependencies. The United Kingdom, an island country, is home\",\n \"title\": \"Busiest airports in the United Kingdom by total passenger traffic\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11054570\",\n \"text\": \"Busiest airports in the United Kingdom by total passenger traffic This is a list of the busiest airports in the United Kingdom, Channel Islands, and Isle of Man ranked by total passenger traffic, compiled from Civil Aviation Authority data from 2006 to 2016. For some years the figures also show total aircraft movements and cargo volume handled at each airport. For a complete list of UK airports, see List of airports in the United Kingdom and the British Crown Dependencies. The United Kingdom, an island country, is home to many of Europe's largest and busiest airports. London-Heathrow, which handles over\",\n \"title\": \"Busiest airports in the United Kingdom by total passenger traffic\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9471533\",\n \"text\": \"stage. What Are We Doin' in Love \\\"What Are We Doin' in Love\\\" is a song written by Randy Goodrum and recorded by American country music artist Dottie West with the uncredited vocals of Kenny Rogers. It was released in March 1981 as the second single from the album \\\"Wild West\\\". \\\"What Are We Doin' in Love\\\" was the duo's third and final number one on the country chart. Since 1978, West and Rogers had been together as a duet partnership. Rogers revived the career of Dottie West when their song \\\"Every Time Fools Collide\\\" became a hit in 1978.\",\n \"title\": \"What Are We Doin' in Love\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9471531\",\n \"text\": \"What Are We Doin' in Love \\\"What Are We Doin' in Love\\\" is a song written by Randy Goodrum and recorded by American country music artist Dottie West with the uncredited vocals of Kenny Rogers. It was released in March 1981 as the second single from the album \\\"Wild West\\\". \\\"What Are We Doin' in Love\\\" was the duo's third and final number one on the country chart. Since 1978, West and Rogers had been together as a duet partnership. Rogers revived the career of Dottie West when their song \\\"Every Time Fools Collide\\\" became a hit in 1978. They\",\n \"title\": \"What Are We Doin' in Love\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15224235\",\n \"text\": \"20 minutes after a stray dog was spotted. In a similar incident at the same airport in January 2016, one domestic flight was forced to abort take-off while four others were made to hover in the skies for more than 15 minutes after a dog strayed into the runway. Stray animals at Indian airports Stray animals are common on the runways of Indian airports. These stray animals pose a major threat to air safety in most airports across the nation. According to the Airports Authority of India (AAI) officials, animals straying onto the runway are routine at many airports in\",\n \"title\": \"Stray animals at Indian airports\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13743211\",\n \"text\": \"Edmonton Airports Edmonton Airports, officially the Edmonton Regional Airports Authority, was formed in 1990, under the \\\"Regional Airports Authorities Act\\\" passed by the Legislative Assembly of Alberta in 1989, and is responsible for the management and operation of two airports in the Edmonton area. It is a non-profit organisation and, as per the act, has no shareholders and does not pay dividends. The authority is governed by a 15-member board of directors appointed to represent the various municipalities and the Government of Canada (2 members). These municipalities include the cities of Edmonton (six members), Leduc (one member), Leduc County (one\",\n \"title\": \"Edmonton Airports\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20624073\",\n \"text\": \"Airports Act 1986 The Airports Act 1986 (c. 31) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The act reformed civil aviation in Great Britain and privatised the British Airports Authority from a public department into BAA as a private company. It also granted additional regulatory powers to the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA). The British Airports Authority was established in 1965 by the Airports Authority Act 1965 to take management of the UK's larger airports into public ownership under a government authority. The Airports Act 1986 transferred the powers relating to running government owned airports from the British\",\n \"title\": \"Airports Act 1986\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9481704\",\n \"text\": \"Moroccan Airports Authority The Moroccan Airports Authority (, ONDA, ) is the Moroccan airport operator and administrator. The company headquarters are in Mohammed V International Airport in Casablanca. ONDA was established in July 1990 under parliamentary law 14-89. Prior to then, Morocco's airports were administered by the Moroccan Ministry of transport. One year later, ONDA inaugurated Al Massira Airport in Agadir. On 15 September 2003, Abdelhanine Benallou, was nominated as new general manager of ONDA. Although Morocco has its share in aircraft accidents, the number of serious incidents with fatalities directly related to an airport (approach, take-off or on ground\",\n \"title\": \"Moroccan Airports Authority\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15160494\",\n \"text\": \"positions on security issues which guide the organisation and member airports. All of the ACI World IT initiatives are coordinated through the ACI World Airport IT Standing Committee. It is constituted by leaders from airports and business partners around the world and aims to reformulate recommended practices and develop guidelines, benchmarking and training materials to help airports find the best business solutions for themselves, their partners and their customers. ACI develops initiatives to promote aviation and airport sustainable developments in order to limit or reduce environmental impacts while supporting economic and social benefits. ACI created tools to help airport calculate\",\n \"title\": \"Airports Council International\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15256400\",\n \"text\": \"Airports Council International Europe Airports Council International Europe (ACI EUROPE) is a European industry trade association which advances the collective interests of Europe's airports and promotes professional excellence in airport management and operations. The members are over 600 airport operators of all sizes in 58 European countries, over 90% of commercial air traffic in Europe. ACI EUROPE member airports welcomed over 2.3 billion passengers and handled 17 million metric tonnes of cargo and nearly 45 million aircraft movements each year since 1990. ACI EUROPE is a non-profit organisation. It is led by their non executive-general Olivier Jankovec, and has a\",\n \"title\": \"Airports Council International Europe\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8034461\",\n \"text\": \"the world. The Chicago region is served by two other major commercial airports, Midway and Milwaukee's General Mitchell International Airport, along with several smaller airports. The city is served by all major worldwide airlines, and O'Hare is an international hub for both American and United Airlines, while Midway is a hub for domestic carrier Southwest Airlines. There is also a considerable network of rail lines and interstate highways in the region. Chicago has over 30,000 hotel rooms in the immediate downtown area alone, and it has the largest skilled-labor workforce in the US catering to conventions and other large-scale media\",\n \"title\": \"Chicago bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4054030\",\n \"text\": \"islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (an Overseas collectivity of France) cooperate with Canada on air travel via several major Canadian airports. The following list contains the 26 NAS airports effective 17 April 2010, along with their IATA codes and passenger numbers for 2014: National Airports System Canada's National Airport System (NAS) was defined in the National Airports Policy published in 1994. It was intended to include all airports with an annual traffic of 200,000 passengers or more, as well as airports serving the national, provincial and territorial capitals. All airports, with the exception of the three territorial capitals, in\",\n \"title\": \"National Airports System\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11054573\",\n \"text\": \"traffic in 2014, from UK CAA statistics. The following is a list of the 40 largest UK airports by total passenger traffic in 2013, from UK CAA statistics. The following is a list of the 40 largest UK airports by total passenger traffic in 2012, from UK CAA statistics. The following is a list of the 40 largest UK airports by total passenger traffic in 2011, from UK CAA statistics. The following is a list of the 40 largest UK airports by total passenger traffic in 2010, from UK CAA statistics. The following is a list of the 40 largest\",\n \"title\": \"Busiest airports in the United Kingdom by total passenger traffic\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11268511\",\n \"text\": \"students are encouraged to apply. Le Cordon Bleu College of Culinary Arts in Chicago is located at 361 W. Chestnut in Chicago, Illinois. The school is separated by the \\\"North Campus\\\" and the \\\"South Campus\\\". The \\\"North Campus\\\" consists of a brick building that is close to public transportation, expressways and airports. The \\\"South Campus\\\" is located nearby at 820 North Orleans. The school houses 13 industry-current kitchens, 14 classrooms, a library, student lounge, computer lab, tutoring center and café. Le Cordon Bleu College of Culinary Arts in Chicago offers students the opportunity to participate in several clubs and organizations.\",\n \"title\": \"Le Cordon Bleu College of Culinary Arts in Chicago\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18800469\",\n \"text\": \"What Are Records? What Are Records? (or W.A.R.?) is an independent record label located in Boulder, Colorado. Founded in New York City in 1991 by owner Rob Gordon, former director of A&R at EMI, the company moved to Boulder in 1994. W.A.R.? has released over 100 records by Frank Black (of the Pixies), Bill Burr, Stephen Lynch, The Samples, Maceo Parker, Melissa Ferrick, and Whitest Kids U' Know. What Are Records? was founded in Gordon’s New York City loft in 1991. From the beginning, it fostered a direct-to-stores and direct-to-consumers distribution strategy Friend of Gordon and The Samples then-manager, Ted\",\n \"title\": \"What Are Records?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10998624\",\n \"text\": \"whilst the newly created entity, Malaysia Airports Berhad, is to focus on the operation, management, and maintenance of airports. In November 1992, Malaysia Airports Berhad was duly licensed by the Minister of Transport Malaysia to carry out its function as the airport operator. The holding company, Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad (MAHB) was incorporated as a public limited company in November 1999 and was thereafter listed on the Main Board of the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange, becoming the first airport operating company to be listed in Asia and the sixth in the world. The main airport is the KL International Airport\",\n \"title\": \"Malaysia Airports\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18490491\",\n \"text\": \"In the late 1980s the authority was sold off by the government and became BAA plc. By 2012 BAA had sold off three of their seven airports and rebranded as Heathrow Airport Holdings. In 2014 HAH decided to sell off Aberdeen, Glasgow and Southampton to enable the company to focus on improving Heathrow for passengers and winning support for Heathrow expansion. AGS Airports AGS Airports Limited is the United Kingdom-based owner of Aberdeen, Glasgow and Southampton Airports. The company was formed in September 2014 by Ferrovial, a Spanish firm specialising in the design, construction, financing, operation and maintenance of transport,\",\n \"title\": \"AGS Airports\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16579321\",\n \"text\": \"Liverpool Street station up to 8 times per hour. The journey to London takes about one hour. A number of other airports also serve the London area. The following are mainly used by general aviation flights. Airports are listed at their current borough, although the area may have been outside London at the time of construction. There were several Royal Air Force stations in London. This list excludes those that are classed as non-flying stations. Station are listed at their current borough, although the area may have been outside London at the time of construction. Due to London's high capacity,\",\n \"title\": \"Airports of London\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14355921\",\n \"text\": \"Dubai Airports Company Dubai Airports Company is the airport authority that owns and manages airports in Dubai, including the Al Maktoum International Airport and the Dubai International Airport. Dubai Airports Company was structured in 2008 to take control of Al Maktoum International Airport at Dubai World Central in Jebel Ali, Dubai International Airport, and Dubai Cargo Village In 2016, Dubai Airports started working on the expansion of the Al Maktoum International Airport, from 66,107 to 145,926 sq metres. In 2017, Dubai Airports started implementing two 3,600 square metres modular data center facilities that bring data availability up to 99.82% (only\",\n \"title\": \"Dubai Airports Company\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16579311\",\n \"text\": \"Airports of London The metropolitan area of London, England, United Kingdom is served by six international airports and several smaller airports. Together, they make the busiest airport system in the world by passenger numbers and the second-busiest by aircraft movements. In 2016, the six airports handled a total of 163,231,321 passengers. The London airports handle 60% of all the UK's air traffic. The airports serve a total of 14 domestic destinations and 396 international destinations. Located in the London Borough of Newham, City Airport is situated in London's Docklands, and is the closest to central London, which limits its size\",\n \"title\": \"Airports of London\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12507847\",\n \"text\": \"1996 by the Howard Coalition Government that each airport would be leased to an individual operator for 50 years, with an option for a 49-year extension. Airport divestment was initiated in 1997 with the leasing of Melbourne, Brisbane and Perth Airports, followed by Adelaide, Canberra and Gold Coast Airports, the remaining smaller airports in 1998, Sydney Airport in 2002, and the Sydney Basin Airports of Bankstown, Camden and Hoxton Park in 2003. At the beginning of 1997 the FAC operated 22 airports and handled over 60 million passenger annually. Melbourne Airport was leased to a newly formed Australia Pacific Airports\",\n \"title\": \"Federal Airports Corporation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10998625\",\n \"text\": \"(KLIA). KLIA is the result of a visionary strategy to meet the needs of new large aircraft and the traffic demand of the 21st century. KLIA has pioneered the use of state-of-the-art technology in airport management known as Total Airport Management Systems (TAMS). TAMS, managed by Malaysia Airport (Technologies) Sdn. Bhd. consists of more than 40 systems and airport functions including air traffic management, baggage handling, passenger check-in, and flight information display. MAHB's present corporate structure includes several operating subsidiaries; Malaysia Airports Sdn. Bhd. (MASB), Malaysia Airports (Sepang) Sdn. Bhd., Malaysia Airports (Niaga) Sdn. Bhd., Malaysia Airports Technologies Sdn. Bhd.,\",\n \"title\": \"Malaysia Airports\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12507849\",\n \"text\": \"and the transfer of residual assets and liabilities to the Commonwealth of Australia was not completed until 8 September 1999. Sydney Airport Corporation acquired the lease for Sydney Airport in 2002. At present the primary responsibility of the Airports Branch of the Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development is the regulation of 21 leased federal airports on Commonwealth land. The Branch administers the \\\"Airports Act 1996\\\", its associated regulations and the airport head leases. Federal Airports Corporation The Federal Airports Corporation (FAC) was a business enterprise of the Government of Australia responsible for the operation of major passenger airports in\",\n \"title\": \"Federal Airports Corporation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17630445\",\n \"text\": \"the shortage of airport capacity has become more difficult because of the growth and development of Heathrow Airport as the UK's only hub airport, as opposed to all other UK airports which are based on the point to point airport operating model. The provision of additional capacity at major point to point airports, such as Gatwick or Stansted, would not address the UK's shortage of hub airport capacity. In 1978 the Traffic Distribution Rules were introduced to try and encourage British Airways (BA) to make greater use of Gatwick Airport as a second hub. However, in 1991, having incurred significant\",\n \"title\": \"Airports Commission\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2251779\",\n \"text\": \"private investors to purchase stakes in order to provide extra capital for future investment and takeovers of airports. Manchester City Council would retain a controlling stake over the organisation. To raise funds for the purchase of Stansted Airport, IFM Investors purchased a 35.5% share in the group. MAG owns three airports in the United Kingdom (see Busiest airports in the United Kingdom by total passenger traffic). Manchester Airports Group The Manchester Airports Group plc (MAG) is a holding company which is owned by the ten metropolitan borough councils of Greater Manchester, in North West England, and Australian investment fund IFM\",\n \"title\": \"Manchester Airports Group\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12797849\",\n \"text\": \"smuggling, etc. Airports Security Force The Airports Security Force (Pakistan) (ASF) is part of the Aviation Division and is responsible for protecting the airports, facilities and the planes (on-ground or in-air). ASF safeguards the civil aviation industry against unlawful interferences, adopting counter terrorism measures, preventing crime and maintaining law and order within the limits of airports in Pakistan. The current Director General of ASF is Major General Zafar Ul Haq HI(M). The ASF was established in 1976 under the Airports Security Force Act LXXVII of 1975 initially as the Directorate of the Department of Civil Aviation. After the hijacking of\",\n \"title\": \"Airports Security Force\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12797847\",\n \"text\": \"Airports Security Force The Airports Security Force (Pakistan) (ASF) is part of the Aviation Division and is responsible for protecting the airports, facilities and the planes (on-ground or in-air). ASF safeguards the civil aviation industry against unlawful interferences, adopting counter terrorism measures, preventing crime and maintaining law and order within the limits of airports in Pakistan. The current Director General of ASF is Major General Zafar Ul Haq HI(M). The ASF was established in 1976 under the Airports Security Force Act LXXVII of 1975 initially as the Directorate of the Department of Civil Aviation. After the hijacking of a Pakistan\",\n \"title\": \"Airports Security Force\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9481706\",\n \"text\": \"with Côte d'Azur International Airport, Nice, France. Around 2004 ONDA created a masterplan to upgrade many facilities by 2010. The main projects are: (the planned completion date in brackets) Apart from these larger plans some other smaller changes are planned around many airports around the country. Under the name Salon Convives de Marque ONDA offers VIP lounge services at some of the airports it manages. Services offered include access to the VIP lounge, assistance during check-in, retrieving luggage, boarding and assistance with the 'formalities' (passport-control, security etc.) (\\\"fast lanes\\\" or priority boarding).<br> The VIP service is not linked to any\",\n \"title\": \"Moroccan Airports Authority\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6710208\",\n \"text\": \"into Joint Ventures at Mumbai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Bangalore and Nagpur Airports to upgrade these airports. The Government of India constituted the International Airports Authority of India (IAAI) in 1972 to manage the nation's international airports while the National Airports Authority (NAA) was constituted in 1986 to look after domestic airports. The organisations were merged in April 1995 by an Act of Parliament, namely, the Airports Authority of India Act, 1994 and has been constituted as a Statutory Body and was named as Airports Authority of India (AAI). This new organisation was to be responsible for creating, upgrading, maintaining and managing\",\n \"title\": \"Airports Authority of India\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16116550\",\n \"text\": \"What Are Words (album) What Are Words is the debut album of the American singer Chris Medina. The album was released by Sony Music contains 11 pop-rock songs, some of them sensitive ballads, others more energetic and rocking. Album included the title track \\\"What Are Words\\\", a touching track inspired by Chris Medina's fiancé who had a serious brain injury after a car accident in 2009. Although \\\"What Are Words\\\" was only a minor hit in the United States, it was a big hit in Scandinavian countries topping both Norwegian \\\"VG-lista\\\" Singles Chart and the Swedish \\\"Sverigetopplistan\\\" Singles Chart. It\",\n \"title\": \"What Are Words (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14945329\",\n \"text\": \"We Are What We Are (2010 film) We Are What We Are () is a 2010 Mexican horror film directed by Jorge Michel Grau. The movie is about a family who, after the death of the father, try to continue on with a disturbing, ritualistic tradition. The film stars Paulina Gaitán and Daniel Giménez Cacho. In the opening scene, Dad dies on the sidewalk at a local shopping mall. At home, his family is wondering what has become of him. Dad is a watchmaker who repairs watches at the local street market, and the family's sole means of support. As\",\n \"title\": \"We Are What We Are (2010 film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15256406\",\n \"text\": \"Services Organisation which aims to improve the operational efficiency of all airport operators. ACI EUROPE is fully supportive of the Single European Sky project, and participates fully as the representative of European airports. Communiqué \\\"AIRPORT BUSINESS\\\" magazine is ACI EUROPE’s quarterly magazine, containing policy and commercial news regarding airports primarily based in Europe. Traffic reports are published on a monthly basis, outlining the performance of the European aviation industry, from an aggregate level and to an individual airport level. ACI EUROPE also produces \\\"special editions\\\" of \\\"Airport Business\\\" for major airports in Europe. \\\"Special editions\\\" typically provide an overview of\",\n \"title\": \"Airports Council International Europe\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4441972\",\n \"text\": \"1870 and 1871 weather records taken at 181 West Washington Street were lost in the Great Chicago Fire. As for the two major airports located in Chicago, Midway Airport began observations in 1928, and O'Hare Airport began observations in 1958. Both sites have served as official observation locations, with the latter being the current location where Chicago's official weather data is recorded. For Midway Airport, weather data prior to July 1, 1942 and after January 16, 1980 are not part of the official climate record of Chicago. All weather data taken at O'Hare from the beginning of observations in 1958\",\n \"title\": \"Climate of Chicago\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6710209\",\n \"text\": \"civil aviation infrastructure both on the ground and air space in the country. Airports Authority of India The Airports Authority of India or AAI under the Ministry of Civil Aviation is responsible for creating, upgrading, maintaining and managing civil aviation infrastructure in India. It provides Air traffic management (ATM) services over Indian airspace and adjoining oceanic areas. It also manages a total of 125 Airports, including 11 International Airports, 8 Customs Airports, 81 Domestic Airports and 25 Civil enclaves at Military Airfields. AAI also has ground installations at all airports and 25 other locations to ensure safety of aircraft operations.\",\n \"title\": \"Airports Authority of India\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6710204\",\n \"text\": \"Airports Authority of India The Airports Authority of India or AAI under the Ministry of Civil Aviation is responsible for creating, upgrading, maintaining and managing civil aviation infrastructure in India. It provides Air traffic management (ATM) services over Indian airspace and adjoining oceanic areas. It also manages a total of 125 Airports, including 11 International Airports, 8 Customs Airports, 81 Domestic Airports and 25 Civil enclaves at Military Airfields. AAI also has ground installations at all airports and 25 other locations to ensure safety of aircraft operations. AAI covers all major air-routes over Indian landmass via 29 Radar installations at\",\n \"title\": \"Airports Authority of India\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20792640\",\n \"text\": \"All, and Nothing; ubiquitous yet one; the Essence filling, binding, bounding, containing everything; contained in all.\\\" Blavatsky believes that \\\"the very fact of a man's joining it proves that he is in search of the final truth as to the ultimate essence of things\\\" and that the very character of the idea of the Theosophical Society consists in the \\\"free and fearless investigation.\\\" Kalnitsky and Shabanova have quoted the article as follows: \\\"It will, we think, be seen now, that whether classed as Theists, Pantheists or Atheists, such men are near kinsmen to the rest. Be what he may, once\",\n \"title\": \"What Are The Theosophists?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17630443\",\n \"text\": \"interests, when invited to complete the Airports Commission's Register of Interests. London, with six commercial airports in its metropolitan area, has the world's busiest airports system. However the question of how to expand the capacity of the system to cope with growing air travel demand is an issue that successive governments have failed to address since the 1950s. A previous commission – the Commission on the Third London Airport chaired by Eustace Roskill – sat between 1968 and 1971 and recommended that a site at Cublington in Buckinghamshire (to the north west of London) should be developed as London's third\",\n \"title\": \"Airports Commission\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10998626\",\n \"text\": \"Malaysia Airports (Properties) Sdn. Bhd., K.L. Airport Hotel Sdn. Bhd., MAB Agriculture-Holticulture Sdn. Bhd, Malaysia Airports Consultancy Services Sdn. Bhd., Malaysia International Aerospace Centre (MIAC) Sdn Bhd., and Urusan Teknologi Wawasan Sdn. Bhd.. The Group has a total staff strength of over 10,000 deployed across 39 offices nationwide. MAHB has acquired Sabiha Gocken International Airport in Istanbul, Turkey. MAHB also previously provided airport management services for the Angkor International Airport, Hyderabad International Airport India, Delhi International Airport India, Maldives International Airport and Phnom Penh International Airport in Cambodia through a joint-venture arrangement with Aéroports de Paris Management S.A Malaysia Airports\",\n \"title\": \"Malaysia Airports\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4050394\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"My Sister,\\\" and \\\"Spin the Bottle\\\", stating that \\\"her talents are strong enough to carry the album over the weak spots.\\\" The album was ranked No. 9 in \\\"NME\\\"s Albums of the Year list for 1993. Credits are adapted from the album's liner notes. Album Singles Become What You Are Become What You Are is the debut studio album by the American alternative rock band the Juliana Hatfield Three, released on August 3, 1993, by Mammoth Records. The album includes the hit singles \\\"My Sister\\\" and \\\"Spin the Bottle\\\". The singer and guitarist, Juliana Hatfield, recorded \\\"Become What You Are\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Become What You Are\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18800471\",\n \"text\": \"Wilcox Everything Fancey Felicia Michaels Figurine Frank Black Glenn Tilbrook Hazard House of Large Sizes The Innocence Mission Jeep Joseph Brenna Le Concorde Lir Lloyd Cole Luce Maceo Parker Melissa Ferrick Munly The Ocean Blue The Poppy Family Primitive Radio Gods The Radiators Sally Taylor The Samples Sean Kelly Stuart Matthewman Sungha Jung The Swayback 24-7 Spyz Tim Finn Tony Furtado Ugly Americans What Are Records? What Are Records? (or W.A.R.?) is an independent record label located in Boulder, Colorado. Founded in New York City in 1991 by owner Rob Gordon, former director of A&R at EMI, the company moved\",\n \"title\": \"What Are Records?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15395224\",\n \"text\": \"What Are Words \\\"What Are Words\\\" is a hit song written by Rodney Jerkins, Andre Lindal and Lauren Christy, and performed by American singer Chris Medina. It was released on February 25, 2011, the day after his surprising elimination on the reality TV show American Idol. The song is a tribute to his fiancée who suffered a brain injury as the result of a car wreck and is about promises, commitment and keeping your word. The music video was shot at Atlantis studios in Hollywood and was released days after the single. The video depicts Medina in the actual recording\",\n \"title\": \"What Are Words\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15395228\",\n \"text\": \"went number one in Sweden on July 1, 2011 and remained for 8 straight weeks. It was awarded a 2X platinum certification in Sweden on September 20, 2011. What Are Words \\\"What Are Words\\\" is a hit song written by Rodney Jerkins, Andre Lindal and Lauren Christy, and performed by American singer Chris Medina. It was released on February 25, 2011, the day after his surprising elimination on the reality TV show American Idol. The song is a tribute to his fiancée who suffered a brain injury as the result of a car wreck and is about promises, commitment and\",\n \"title\": \"What Are Words\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12507846\",\n \"text\": \"Federal Airports Corporation The Federal Airports Corporation (FAC) was a business enterprise of the Government of Australia responsible for the operation of major passenger airports in Australia. It was established by the Hawke Labor Government by an Act of Parliament in 1987 and commenced operation in January 1988. Discussion of the privatisation of airport operation in Australia commenced in the early 1990s. In April 1994, the Keating Labor Government announced that all airports operated by FAC would be privatised in several phases. Melbourne Airport, for example, was to be included in the first phase. A firm decision was made in\",\n \"title\": \"Federal Airports Corporation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15160497\",\n \"text\": \"helps airports prioritize improvement projects and validates investments in new facilities and services. ACI first launched the Airports Excellence Program (APEX) in Safety in 2012. The program provides assistance for airports to enhance their level of safety. The programme's cornerstone is the airport safety review, which analyzes gaps in airport operation and infrastructure in comparison to International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) standards and safety best practices. ACI organizes and dispatches an on-site team of experts from ICAO and other airports to identify and remedy safety vulnerabilities through peer reviews, information sharing, training, assistance with implementation of management structures. The audits\",\n \"title\": \"Airports Council International\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11966731\",\n \"text\": \"of privatisation of the airports. Australia Pacific Airports Corporation Australia Pacific Airports Corporation Limited (APAC) is an unlisted company and owner of two Australian airports: Melbourne Airport and Launceston Airport. Each airport is operated by an airport lessee company, in which APAC has a controlling interest: Australia Pacific Airports (Melbourne) Pty Ltd and Australia Pacific Airports (Launceston) Pty Ltd respectively. APAC acquired the lease for Melbourne Airport for $1.307 billion on 2 July 1997, and a 90% stake in Launceston Airport for $18.8 million on 29 May 1998. Launceston City Council owns the remaining 10% of Launceston Airport. Each airport\",\n \"title\": \"Australia Pacific Airports Corporation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16579324\",\n \"text\": \"Heathrow, more than Paris and Frankfurt combined, and Heathrow is the European terminus for 11 of the 25 busiest north Atlantic routes. The busiest long-haul route in the world is between London (Heathrow and Gatwick) and New York (JFK and Newark), with a total of 3,898,460 passengers travelling between the two cities in 2011. Airports of London The metropolitan area of London, England, United Kingdom is served by six international airports and several smaller airports. Together, they make the busiest airport system in the world by passenger numbers and the second-busiest by aircraft movements. In 2016, the six airports handled\",\n \"title\": \"Airports of London\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2251771\",\n \"text\": \"Manchester Airports Group The Manchester Airports Group plc (MAG) is a holding company which is owned by the ten metropolitan borough councils of Greater Manchester, in North West England, and Australian investment fund IFM Investors. Founded in 2001 following the acquisition of East Midlands Airport, MAG is the largest UK-owned airport operator, following the purchase of BAA by Spain's Ferrovial Group in 2006. The Group owns three British airports, East Midlands and Manchester Airport (which is the busiest airport outside the London region), as well as London Stansted Airport. In 2014, 47.1 million passengers used Manchester Airports Group Of the\",\n \"title\": \"Manchester Airports Group\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7725500\",\n \"text\": \"TAV Airports Holding TAV Airports Holding (Tepe Akfen Vie) () was established as a joint venture between Tepe and Akfen groups and Airport Consulting Vienna in 1997. TAV Airports is the leading airport operator in Turkey as per the DHMI 2010 passenger statistics including transfer passengers. In October 2011, TAV Airports was put for sale for €2 billion, with Crédit Suisse handling the bid process. On March 12, 2012, TAV announced the planned sale of 38% of the firm's issued share capital to the group Aéroports de Paris for a total consideration of 874 million USD. The sale value was\",\n \"title\": \"TAV Airports Holding\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18386949\",\n \"text\": \"as of November 8, 2014, is Evgeniy A. Chudnovskiy. The company is a large strategic investor, with over 30,000,000 rubles invested into private projects. Airports partially owned and/or managed by Airports of Regions: Airports of Regions Airports of Regions (, /Aeroporty Regionov/) is the largest airport holding and management company in Russia and is owned by CJSC Renova Group. It is based in Moscow, Russia. AR works in the transportation industry and provides services such as airport management and airport facility development.The company currently has full operating rights over Kurumoch International Airport, Koltsovo Airport, and Nizhny Novgorod International Airport (\",\n \"title\": \"Airports of Regions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18988034\",\n \"text\": \"both the verses and the refrain, the first three lines rhyme, and the fourth is \\\"What are they doing now?\\\" or some small variant of that. The author reflects on friends who were burdened in life by care, or by disease, or by poverty; and wonders what they might now be doing in Heaven, without giving his answer. The first known recording of the song is the 1928 one by Washington Phillips (18801954; vocals and zither), in gospel blues style. Phillips' recording was used in the soundtrack of the 2005 film \\\"Elizabethtown\\\". The song has since been recorded many times\",\n \"title\": \"What Are They Doing in Heaven?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15160503\",\n \"text\": \"Airports Council International Airports Council International (ACI) is the only global trade representative of the world's airport authorities. Established in 1991, ACI represents airports' interests with governments and international organizations, develops standards, policies and recommended practices for airports, and it provides information and training opportunities to raise the standards around the world. It aims to provide the public a safe, secure, efficient and an environmentally responsible air transport system. It is governed by the ACI Governing Board. ACI World is located in Montreal, Quebec, CanaI works on a daily basis with the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and is a\",\n \"title\": \"Airports Council International\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15160489\",\n \"text\": \"Airports Council International Airports Council International (ACI) is the only global trade representative of the world's airport authorities. Established in 1991, ACI represents airports' interests with governments and international organizations, develops standards, policies and recommended practices for airports, and it provides information and training opportunities to raise the standards around the world. It aims to provide the public a safe, secure, efficient and an environmentally responsible air transport system. It is governed by the ACI Governing Board. ACI World is located in Montreal, Quebec, CanaI works on a daily basis with the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and is a\",\n \"title\": \"Airports Council International\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15160493\",\n \"text\": \"to help airports enhance their level of safety. ACI also provides numerous publications on recommendations and best practices for airport operators. As part of its dedications to safe operations, ACI is involved in airport design specifications, standard operating procedures for airports, technology, systems & equipment, safety management systems for airports, safety guidance material and training. ACI encourages its member airports to continuously improve operational and cost efficiency to moderate the cost of flying and to mitigate intensifying capacity shortfalls, but also to create sufficient rates of return enabling to invest in additional capacity. ACI has formulated a number of policy\",\n \"title\": \"Airports Council International\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3646319\",\n \"text\": \"Angeles Police Department (LAPD) since the opening of the current terminal area in 1961. In 2002 then-mayor James Hahn assigned additional LAPD officers to LAX to provide armed law enforcement officer coverage at passenger screening stations. Those officers are trained by LAWAPD officers to perform this function. They are assigned on an overtime basis, with LAWA reimbursing LAPD and, in turn, receiving substantial reimbursement from the Transportation Security Administration. Los Angeles World Airports Los Angeles World Airports (LAWA) is the airport oversight and operations department for the city of Los Angeles, California. Its headquarters are on the grounds of Los\",\n \"title\": \"Los Angeles World Airports\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14945338\",\n \"text\": \"Film4 FrightFest 2010. IFC Film will release the film in the United States as Video-on-demand. Artificial Eye released \\\"We Are What We Are\\\" in the UK on 12 November 2010. The score was composed by Odd Crew. Deborah Young of \\\"Reuters\\\" said, that \\\"We Are What We Are\\\" \\\"is perhaps too dark and relentlessly humorless to find wide international audiences.\\\" Young stated that \\\"another limiting factor is the difficulty of identifying with any of the characters, who are played expressively but still remain abstract and alien, distant from the viewer.\\\" Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of\",\n \"title\": \"We Are What We Are (2010 film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7345383\",\n \"text\": \"Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority The Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority (MWAA) is an independent airport authority, created with the consent of the United States Congress to oversee management, operations, and capital development of the two major airports serving the capital: Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport and Washington Dulles International Airport. The Airports Authority was established to operate as a financially self-sustaining entity with the mission to manage and enhance Washington, D.C.’s two-airport system. The authority leases the airports from the United States Department of Transportation. The U.S. government originally built the airports and continues to own the underlying airport property except\",\n \"title\": \"Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3478308\",\n \"text\": \"Twin Cities metropolitan area). Surveys, studies, planning documents, brochures, proposals, and reports documenting aspects of the commission's activities are available for research use. They include information regarding initial planning, disaster preparedness, studies and proposals for a second major airport site, accessibility to airport facilities, airport noise, the downtown St. Paul airport, Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport, deregulation, finance and bonding, personnel, parking and traffic potential, public relations, dual track airport planning, and relations with Northwest Airlines, particularly in relation to the public financing for construction of its Hibbing/Duluth repair facilities. Metropolitan Airports Commission The Minneapolis-Saint Paul Metropolitan Airports Commission (MAC) is\",\n \"title\": \"Metropolitan Airports Commission\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16116551\",\n \"text\": \"stayed at #1 for 11 weeks in Norway and for 8 weeks in Sweden. The follow up single from the album is \\\"One More Time\\\" written by Medina. The album \\\"What Are Words\\\" was released in Sweden on 26 November 2011 and entered the Swedish Albums Chart straight in at #7 on Week 47 dated 2 December 2011. What Are Words (album) What Are Words is the debut album of the American singer Chris Medina. The album was released by Sony Music contains 11 pop-rock songs, some of them sensitive ballads, others more energetic and rocking. Album included the title\",\n \"title\": \"What Are Words (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4050392\",\n \"text\": \"Become What You Are Become What You Are is the debut studio album by the American alternative rock band the Juliana Hatfield Three, released on August 3, 1993, by Mammoth Records. The album includes the hit singles \\\"My Sister\\\" and \\\"Spin the Bottle\\\". The singer and guitarist, Juliana Hatfield, recorded \\\"Become What You Are\\\" with drummer Todd Philips, formerly of Moving Targets and Bullet LaVolta, and bassist Dean Fisher, who she met during high school in Duxbury, Massachusetts. Unlike her previous album \\\"Hey Babe\\\", which deals with personal topics, Hatfield decided to write songs about other things and make them\",\n \"title\": \"Become What You Are\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19386358\",\n \"text\": \"Detention and search of Indian VIPs at US airports Since 2001, several cases of detention and search of Indian VIPs at US airports have been reported, resulting in diplomatic tensions between India and the United States. Protest from Indian authorities often led to apologies from US officials. Unlike the United States, India frequently exempts diplomats and other well-known figures from airport security checks. Bollywood superstar Shah Rukh Khan was at the centre of three well-publicised incidents. On 15 August 2009, he was detained at Newark while on his way to celebrate India's Independence Day in Chicago. Three years later, he\",\n \"title\": \"Detention and search of Indian VIPs at US airports\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17394122\",\n \"text\": \"south during the \\\"Great Migration\\\" of the first half of the 20th century. Many arrived in the city looking for work and settled in what became known as the \\\"Black Belt\\\", the chain of neighborhoods on the South Side of Chicago where three-quarters of the city's African American population lived by the mid-20th century. The Black Belt was an area of aging, dilapidated housing that stretched 30 blocks along State Street on the South Side. It was rarely more than seven blocks wide. Many African Americans who moved to the Black Belt area of Chicago were from the Black Belt\",\n \"title\": \"Chicago in the 1930s\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["lansing municipal airport","o'hare international airport","chicago midway international airport","chicago executive airport","schaumburg regional airport","aurora municipal airport","lewis university airport","gary/chicago international airport","waukegan regional airport"],"string":"[\n \"lansing municipal airport\",\n \"o'hare international airport\",\n \"chicago midway international airport\",\n \"chicago executive airport\",\n \"schaumburg regional airport\",\n \"aurora municipal airport\",\n \"lewis university airport\",\n \"gary/chicago international airport\",\n \"waukegan regional airport\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":586,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"what was van gogh famous for?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"12760942","text":"Van Gogh (1991 film) Van Gogh is a 1991 French film written and directed by Maurice Pialat. It stars Jacques Dutronc in the role of Dutch painter Vincent van Gogh, a role for which he won the 1992 César Award for Best Actor. Set in 1890, the film follows the last 67 days of Van Gogh's life and explores his relationships with his brother Theo, his physician Paul Gachet (most famous as the subject of Van Gogh's painting \"Portrait of Dr. Gachet\"), and the women in his life, including Gachet's daughter, Marguerite. The film was entered into the 1991 Cannes","title":"Van Gogh (1991 film)"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12760942\",\n \"text\": \"Van Gogh (1991 film) Van Gogh is a 1991 French film written and directed by Maurice Pialat. It stars Jacques Dutronc in the role of Dutch painter Vincent van Gogh, a role for which he won the 1992 César Award for Best Actor. Set in 1890, the film follows the last 67 days of Van Gogh's life and explores his relationships with his brother Theo, his physician Paul Gachet (most famous as the subject of Van Gogh's painting \\\"Portrait of Dr. Gachet\\\"), and the women in his life, including Gachet's daughter, Marguerite. The film was entered into the 1991 Cannes\",\n \"title\": \"Van Gogh (1991 film)\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"20236328","text":"of a house in Cuesmes occupied by a miner named Decrucq and his family. From there he wrote to his brother Theo that he was considering what purpose he could give to his life; inspired by the lives of the miners, he started to produce drawings. From 1880, he started painting in earnest. Maison Van Gogh Maison Van Gogh (or Van Gogh House) is a museum in the village of Cuesmes, near Mons in Belgium. Vincent Van Gogh lived here from 1879 to 1880. Cuesmes is in the Borinage, at that time a coal-mining area; Vincent van Gogh came here","title":"Maison Van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"14478070","text":"Van Gogh worked on character studies of the local peasants. There was little to be done in the fields and Van Gogh was able to make connections to people through his father, a town minister. Van Gogh's character studies culminated in his famous painting \"The Potato Eaters\". \"The Cottage\" (F83) was a home that the De Groot family, immortalized in \"The Potato Eaters\" shared with another family. The cottage has double front doors, a split chimney and quarters for two families. Seen in the evening light, the cottage seems peaceful. Van Gogh called the peasant homes \"human nests\". \"Peasant Woman","title":"Cottages (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"447057","text":"drawing with his crayon so vigorously that he tore the paper. Van Gogh then flew into a violent rage and shouted at Siberdt: 'You clearly do not know what a young woman is like, \"God damn it!\" A woman must have hips, buttocks, a pelvis in which she can carry a baby!' According to some accounts this was the last time van Gogh attended classes at the Academy and he left later for Paris. On 31 March 1886, which was about a month after the confrontation with Siberdt, the teachers of the Academy decided that 17 students, including van Gogh,","title":"Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"15571183","text":"as \"the painting of the garden with sweethearts.\" The title at the Van Gogh Museum is \"Garden with courting couples: Square Saint-Pierre, 1887\". The summer park scene, one of his largest canvases, was one of the first paintings that van Gogh exhibited in Paris. Here he integrated what he had learned of Impressionism and Pointillism into his own version of Pointillism. He used a combination of carefully placed small dots and more expressive dashes, like those in the sky, of varying color placed side by side into what is considered his most pointillistic painting. Van Gogh used Divisionism techniques to","title":"Asnières (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"15612891","text":"was hospitalized in June 1882 for gonorrhea. Sien posed for van Gogh throughout the winter. In exchange, van Gogh provided Sien and her daughter with a place to live and food to eat. Sien was ill when he met her and he did what he could to nurse her back to health. Van Gogh considered marrying Sien to take care of her and keep her off the streets. He envisioned a life where Sien would be his helpmate, helping him further his artistic career. Sien wanted to be married to him, too, even though he was poor. His family, including","title":"Sien (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"20843833","text":"Gauguin\", and said it captured one of the Dutchman's quirks: Also in the 1930s, Hartrick created an ink and watercolour sketch of Van Gogh that he likely based on Russell's portrait. Today, specialists agree that Russell's portrait offers the most realistic likeness of Van Gogh. In 2012, Brigitte Banziger and David Hulme argued that, while paintings such as Tom Roberts' \"Shearing the Rams\" (1890) or Frederick McCubbin's \"Down on His Luck\" (1889) are often called \"Australia's most famous painting\", Russell's \"Vincent van Gogh\" may be more deserving of the title due to its global reputation. Books Journals Vincent van Gogh","title":"Vincent van Gogh (Russell painting)"},{"psg_id":"12911531","text":"Wil van Gogh Wilhelmina Jacoba \"Wil\" van Gogh (; 16 March 1862 – 17 May 1941) was a nurse and early feminist. She is best known as the youngest sister of the artist Vincent van Gogh and the art dealer Theo van Gogh. Wilhelmina Jacoba van Gogh was born on 16 March 1862 in Zundert in the Netherlands, daughter of Theodorus van Gogh and Anna Cornelia Carbentus. She had three brothers Vincent, Theo, and Cor, and two sisters Elisabeth and Anna. During the first part of her life Wil van Gogh served her family and others, nursing the sick. After","title":"Wil van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"15481855","text":"Van Gogh uses complementary colors to bring intensity to the picture. Blue and orange flecks in the plowed field and violet and gold in the spring wheat behind the sower. Van Gogh used colors symbolically and for effect, when speaking of the colors in this work he said: \"I couldn't care less what the colours are in reality.\" Inspired by Jean-François Millet van Gogh made several paintings after \"The Sower\" by Millet. Van Gogh made seven other \"Sower\" paintings, one in 1883 and the other six after this work. During the last half of June he worked on a group","title":"Wheat Fields (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"447071","text":"his visit was \"Van Gogh Painting Sunflowers\". Van Gogh and Gauguin visited Montpellier in December 1888, where they saw works by Courbet and Delacroix in the Musée Fabre. Their relationship began to deteriorate; Van Gogh admired Gauguin and wanted to be treated as his equal, but Gauguin was arrogant and domineering, which frustrated Van Gogh. They often quarrelled; Van Gogh increasingly feared that Gauguin was going to desert him, and the situation, which Van Gogh described as one of \"excessive tension\", rapidly headed towards crisis point. The exact sequence of events which led to Van Gogh's mutilation of his ear","title":"Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"15598616","text":"the countryside, whereby city and country life were often juxtaposed, sometimes in the form of trains for factories blotting the countryside.\" Of Van Gogh's painting \"Outskirts of Paris\" (F264), Schwartz and Przyblyski write that although Van Gogh provides dots of color in a bleak terrain, \"The factories - for that is what those lumpish buildings are - will replace the windmill, and the villas will march across the mud and cornfields until they reach the premonitory gas standard.\" Outskirts of Paris (Van Gogh) Outskirts of Paris are paintings that Vincent van Gogh made in 1887, while he was living in","title":"Outskirts of Paris (Van Gogh)"},{"psg_id":"12911533","text":"at the time considered a fatal illness. Asylum records later noted: Wil van Gogh remained at Ermelo for almost four decades before she died there on 17 May 1941. Whether she was mentally ill or not is nowadays difficult to prove. Renate Berger asserts that Wil van Gogh shared the fate of many \"sisters of well-known men\" at the time. Wil van Gogh Wilhelmina Jacoba \"Wil\" van Gogh (; 16 March 1862 – 17 May 1941) was a nurse and early feminist. She is best known as the youngest sister of the artist Vincent van Gogh and the art dealer","title":"Wil van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"6059820","text":"Van Gogh Vodka Van Gogh Vodka produces unflavored vodka, flavored vodka, and gin. The vodka was introduced in January 2000 and is produced at Distillery Cooymans International in Tilburg, the Netherlands. Van Gogh currently produces a total of 25 expressions, 16 of which are available in the U.S. Van Gogh Vodka is owned by Luctor International and is sold in the United States, Europe, Israel, the Far East, Australia, New Zealand, Caribbean, Canada, South Africa and Central America. In the U.S., Van Gogh is imported by 375 Park Avenue Spirits. Vincent Van Gogh Vodka offers many flavored vodkas in addition","title":"Van Gogh Vodka"},{"psg_id":"15606576","text":"own horse.\" The close association of peasants and the cycles of nature particularly interested Van Gogh, such as the sowing of seeds, harvest and sheaves of wheat in the fields. Van Gogh saw plowing, sowing and harvesting symbolic to man's efforts to overwhelm the cycles of nature. Van Gogh was extremely mindful of the impact of 19th-century industrialization on the changing landscape and what that meant to people's lives. Van Gogh wrote in a letter to Anthon van Rappard: \"I remember as a boy seeing that heath and the little farms, the looms and the spinning wheels in exactly the","title":"Peasant Character Studies (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"7901129","text":"from the Far East and Europe. Van Gogh went to Arles for the sun, color and country lifestyle but more than anything else \"what I really hope to do is paint a good portrait.\" According to Doiteau and Leroy, one day Van Gogh wanted to present a painting he had just finished to Dr. Rey. But the doctor refused the gift, so Van Gogh offered the painting to the pharmacist of the hospital just passing by, a Mr Rousseau. He, too, refused and so the next passer-by, the administrator of the hospital, was offered the painting - and he, a","title":"Portraits by Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"17268732","text":"marry her. He provided shelter and in return Hoornik modelled for him. In July 1882, Hoornik gave birth to a son, Willem, at the Maternity Hospital in Leiden. After the birth, she and Van Gogh moved into an apartment with a studio. This was reportedly a happy period for Van Gogh but by early 1883 Hoornik had started drinking again and returned to prostitution. The shared apartment became squalid, and the relationship between them deteriorated. Van Gogh found it increasingly difficult to support Hoornik and her children, in September 1883 they parted and Van Gogh left to further his career.","title":"Sorrow (Van Gogh)"},{"psg_id":"1365407","text":"Van Gogh grouped chronologically. The second floor gives information about the restoration of paintings and has a space for minor temporary exhibitions. The third floor shows paintings of Van Gogh's contemporaries in relationship to the work of Van Gogh himself. The Kurokawa wing is used for major temporary exhibitions. The building has an oval floor plan and is three stories high. The entrance to the Kurokawa wing is via an underground tunnel from the Rietveld building. The Van Gogh Museum has the largest Van Gogh collection in the world. It comprises 200 paintings, 400 drawings, and 700 letters by Vincent","title":"Van Gogh Museum"},{"psg_id":"6059821","text":"to the basic gin and vodka. The following is a complete list of the Van Gogh product line: The Royal Dirkzwager Distillery has created Van Gogh Vodka for 133 years by handcrafting vodka in small batches using combinations of wheat, corn and barley. The vodka is distilled twice in column stills and then a third time in a traditional pot still to produce a high quality vodka. Copper is used in the process to remove the harshness of the product. Van Gogh Vodka Van Gogh Vodka produces unflavored vodka, flavored vodka, and gin. The vodka was introduced in January 2000","title":"Van Gogh Vodka"},{"psg_id":"447045","text":"\"No, nay, never\" (\"\"nooit, neen, nimmer\"\"). After Kee returned to Amsterdam, Van Gogh went to The Hague to try to sell paintings and to meet with his second cousin, Anton Mauve. Mauve was the successful artist Van Gogh longed to be. Mauve invited him to return in a few months, and suggested he spend the intervening time working in charcoal and pastels; Van Gogh went back to Etten and followed this advice. Late in November 1881, Van Gogh wrote a letter to Johannes Stricker, one which he described to Theo as an attack. Within days he left for Amsterdam. Kee","title":"Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"15596831","text":"be reminiscent for Van Gogh of the times in his youth he fled to the Zundert Woods to escape from his family. In November 1882 Van Gogh began drawings of individuals to depict a range of character types from the working class, \"Worn Out\" was one of the series. The works were drawn in a black in an angular style. On November 24, 1882 Van Gogh wrote to his brother Theo of Adrianus Zuyderland, the man who posed for \"Worn Out\" (F997), \"What a fine sight an old working man makes, in his patched bombazine suit with his bald head\".","title":"Early works of Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"8501568","text":"was sentimental treatment of the destitute and downtrodden. He held laborers up to a high standard of how dedicatedly he should approach painting, \"One must undertake with confidence, with a certain assurance that one is doing a reasonable thing, like the farmer who drives his plow... (one who) drags the harrow behind himself. If one hasn't a horse, one is one's own horse.\" Referring to painting of peasants Van Gogh wrote to his brother Theo: \"How shall I ever manage to paint what I love so much?\" Van Gogh Museum says of Millet's influence on Van Gogh: \"Millet's paintings, with","title":"Copies by Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"8501556","text":"been inspired by Bernard's work of Breton women. Van Gogh painted a work of the engraving \"Man at Sea\" made by Virginie Demont-Breton, daughter of Jules Breton. Her engraving was exhibited at the Salon of 1889. The picture depicts, almost entirely in shades of violet, a peaceful scene of a mother sitting by a fire with her baby on her lap. In 1882 Van Gogh had remarked that he found Honoré Daumier's \"The Four Ages of a Drinker\" both beautiful and soulful. Van Gogh wrote to his brother Theo of Daumier's artistic perspective and humanity: \"What impressed me so much","title":"Copies by Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"15481845","text":"and restore you when there is a need.\" Further exploring the connection between man and nature, Van Gogh wrote his sister Wil, \"What the germinating force is in a grain of wheat, love is in us.\" At times Van Gogh was so enamored with nature that his sense of self seemed lost in the intensity of his work: \"I have a terrible lucidity at moments, these days when nature is so beautiful, I am not conscious of myself any more, and the picture comes to me as in a dream.\" Wheat fields provided a subject in which Van Gogh could","title":"Wheat Fields (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"17679829","text":"for the Creation of the Fondation Van Gogh (subsequently known simply as the Fondation Van Gogh). In 1985 Yolande Clergue proposed initiating a collection of works executed by contemporary artists in tribute to Van Gogh, including Francis Bacon. Bacon responded enthusiastically by producing a painting specifically for the foundation. More than ninety artists chose to contribute to this homage to Vincent van Gogh. In 2008 Yolande Clergue’s original ambition to create a Fondation Van Gogh was given new momentum by Luc Hoffmann who established a permanent framework for activities designed to preserve the memory of Van Gogh in Arles and","title":"Fondation Vincent van Gogh Arles"},{"psg_id":"14478071","text":"Digging in Front of Her Cottage\" (F142) was one of the paintings that Van Gogh left behind when he went to Antwerp in 1885 and it went to his mother Anna Carbentus van Gogh. Cottages (Van Gogh series) Cottages is a subject of paintings created by Vincent van Gogh from 1883 and 1885. This is related to the Peasant Character Studies that Van Gogh worked on during the same time period. Inspired by the work of Jean-François Millet and others working in the 'peasant' genre, Van Gogh became interested in representing peasant life in his art. To depict the essence","title":"Cottages (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"447069","text":"visit Arles in 1888, Van Gogh hoped for friendship, and the realisation of his idea of an artists' collective. While waiting, in August he painted \"Sunflowers\". When Boch visited again, Van Gogh painted a portrait of him, as well as the study \"The Poet Against a Starry Sky.\" In preparation for Gauguin's visit, Van Gogh bought two beds on advice from the station's postal supervisor Joseph Roulin, whose portrait he painted. On 17 September he spent his first night in the still sparsely furnished Yellow House. When Gauguin consented to work and live in Arles with him, Van Gogh started","title":"Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"20236327","text":"Maison Van Gogh Maison Van Gogh (or Van Gogh House) is a museum in the village of Cuesmes, near Mons in Belgium. Vincent Van Gogh lived here from 1879 to 1880. Cuesmes is in the Borinage, at that time a coal-mining area; Vincent van Gogh came here in 1879 as a layman preacher. He became concerned about the lives of the miners, and went down into the mines. The Belgian Union of Protestant Churches, dissatisfied with this involvement, dismissed him after six months, but he continued without pay. During this period, from 1879 to 1880, he stayed in the annexe","title":"Maison Van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"447056","text":"style. Van Gogh had also clashed with the instructor of the drawing class Franz Vinck. Van Gogh finally started to attend the drawing classes after antique plaster models given by Eugène Siberdt. Soon Siberdt and van Gogh came into conflict when the latter did not comply with Siberdt's requirement that drawings express the contour and concentrate on the line. When van Gogh was required to draw the Venus of Milo during a drawing class, he produced the limbless, naked torso of a Flemish peasant woman. Siberdt regarded this as defiance against his artistic guidance and made corrections to van Gogh's","title":"Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"8501557","text":"at the time was something so stout and manly in Daumier's conception, something that made me think It must be good to think and to feel like that and to overlook or ignore a multitude of things and to concentrate on what makes us sit up and think and what touches us as human beings more directly and personally than meadows or clouds.\" Daumier's artistic talents included painting, sculpting and creating lithographs. He was well known for his social and political commentary. Van Gogh made \"Men Drinking\" after Daumier's work in Saint-Remy about February 1890. Van Gogh, motivated by the","title":"Copies by Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"447034","text":"correspond. Vincent Willem van Gogh was born on 30 March 1853 into a Dutch Reformed family in Groot-Zundert, in the predominantly Catholic province of North Brabant in the southern Netherlands. He was the oldest surviving child of Theodorus van Gogh, a minister of the Dutch Reformed Church, and Anna Cornelia Carbentus. Van Gogh was given the name of his grandfather, and of a brother stillborn exactly a year before his birth. Vincent was a common name in the Van Gogh family: his grandfather, Vincent (1789–1874), who received a degree in theology at the University of Leiden in 1811, had six","title":"Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"8431765","text":"of Vincent van Gogh's life in 1934 entitled \"Lust for Life\" that was largely based on the letters to Theo; this book and later the movie of the same name added to further the artist's fame. During his lifetime, Van Gogh contributed works of his own only on a few and minor occasions which mainly passed unnoted by critics and public. For example, in 1887, a display of Japanese woodcuts in the Restaurant \"Au Tambourin\", 62 Boulevard de Clichy, then run by Augustina Ségatori, for which Van Gogh probably interpreted three famous \"ukiyo-e\" prints by Keisai Eisen and Hiroshige. Towards","title":"Posthumous fame of Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"15612905","text":"is much less successful as van Gogh himself acknowledged, blaming the paper in part for not being right for the job. Sien (Van Gogh series) Vincent van Gogh drew and painted a series of works of his mistress Sien during their time together in the Netherlands. In particular, his drawing \"Sorrow\" is widely acknowledged as a masterwork of draftsmanship, the culmination of a long and sometimes uncertain apprenticeship in learning his craft. Commonly called Sien Hoornik, Clasina Maria Hoornik (1850–1904) lived with van Gogh during much of his time in The Hague from 1881 to 1883. Van Gogh used Sien,","title":"Sien (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"15584018","text":"a place of respite for residents and visitors of Paris. Among the treed grounds are fountains and statues. The painting also named \"Terrace in the Luxembourg Garden\" depicts a spring day in the park. Here Van Gogh has begun to leverage what he has learned about modern art, color and light. Thick brushstrokes foretell his evolving style. The remoteness with which the painting was made is typical of an Impressionist's approach. Van Gogh remained anxious and lonely during his first year in Paris, but with the spring in 1887 he began to explore outside of central Paris for more pastoral","title":"Seine (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"17268736","text":"currently unknown, and it may no longer exist. Another of the drawings mentioned as being sent to his brother in a letter on 10 April 1882 is considered lost. Print impressions of versions of Sorrow are in the collection of the Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam (which has two copies) and the Museum of Modern Art, New York. The latter's copy was printed by of The Hague. Sorrow (Van Gogh) Sorrow is a drawing by Vincent van Gogh, produced in 1882. The work, created two years after Van Gogh had decided to become an artist, depicts 32-year-old pregnant woman Clasina Maria","title":"Sorrow (Van Gogh)"},{"psg_id":"17268729","text":"Sorrow (Van Gogh) Sorrow is a drawing by Vincent van Gogh, produced in 1882. The work, created two years after Van Gogh had decided to become an artist, depicts 32-year-old pregnant woman Clasina Maria Hoornik, familiarly known as \"Sien\". \"Sorrow\" is widely acknowledged as a masterwork of draftsmanship, the culmination of a long and sometimes uncertain apprenticeship by Van Gogh in learning his craft. The drawing is part of the Garman Ryan Collection held at The New Art Gallery Walsall. Previously, it was in the private collection of artist Sally Ryan, who had the work hung in her permanent suite","title":"Sorrow (Van Gogh)"},{"psg_id":"10263040","text":"Trio Van Gogh Trio Van Gogh is a Danish sitcom, created by Rune Tolsgaard and Esben Pretzmann of Drengene fra Angora-fame. The series stars Mia Lyhne, Brian Lykke, Hjalte Flagstad, Jesper Rofeldt, Esben Pretzmann, Rune Tolsgaard, and also Simon Kvamm makes a short guest appearance. The series is set as a documentary following the classical musical trio, \"Trio Van Gogh\" (a play on the name of the controversial Dutch director, Theo Van Gogh, who was murdered.) The trio struggles to break through, and they are faced with one disaster after another, due to all three members of the group being","title":"Trio Van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"15481844","text":"we not ourselves very much like wheat... to be reaped when we are ripe.\" Van Gogh saw in his paintings of wheat fields an opportunity for people to find a sense of calm and meaning, offering more to suffering people than guessing at what they may learn \"on the other side of life.\" Van Gogh writes Theo that he hopes that his family brings to him \"what nature, clods of earth, the grass, yellow wheat, the peasant, are for me, in other words, that you find in your love for people something not only to work for, but to comfort","title":"Wheat Fields (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"14478067","text":"Cottages (Van Gogh series) Cottages is a subject of paintings created by Vincent van Gogh from 1883 and 1885. This is related to the Peasant Character Studies that Van Gogh worked on during the same time period. Inspired by the work of Jean-François Millet and others working in the 'peasant' genre, Van Gogh became interested in representing peasant life in his art. To depict the essence and spirit of their life, he for a time lived as they lived, he was in the fields as they were, enduring the weather for long hours as they were. To do so was","title":"Cottages (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"15612882","text":"Sien (Van Gogh series) Vincent van Gogh drew and painted a series of works of his mistress Sien during their time together in the Netherlands. In particular, his drawing \"Sorrow\" is widely acknowledged as a masterwork of draftsmanship, the culmination of a long and sometimes uncertain apprenticeship in learning his craft. Commonly called Sien Hoornik, Clasina Maria Hoornik (1850–1904) lived with van Gogh during much of his time in The Hague from 1881 to 1883. Van Gogh used Sien, a pregnant prostitute, as a model for his work and later took Sien and her daughter into his home. Van Gogh","title":"Sien (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"7901146","text":"1930. After her husband had posed for several works with van Gogh, Augustine sat for Van Gogh and Paul Gauguin in the Yellow House the two men shared. During the sitting, she kept her gaze on Gauguin, possibly for reassurance because, according to her daughter, she was not comfortable in the presence of van Gogh. In addition to the mother-daughter works where Marcelle is visible, Van Gogh also created several \"La Berceuse\" works where Augustine rocked her unseen cradle by a string. Van Gogh labeled the group of work \"La Berceuse\" meaning \"our lullaby or the woman rocking the cradle.\"","title":"Portraits by Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"447030","text":"Gogh shot himself in the chest with a revolver. He died from his injuries two days later. Van Gogh was unsuccessful during his lifetime, and was considered a madman and a failure. He became famous after his suicide, and exists in the public imagination as the quintessential misunderstood genius, the artist \"where discourses on madness and creativity converge\". His reputation began to grow in the early 20th century as elements of his painting style came to be incorporated by the Fauves and German Expressionists. He attained widespread critical, commercial and popular success over the ensuing decades, and is remembered as","title":"Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"17268731","text":"de la Faille. Van Gogh is reported to have encountered Sien Hoornik wandering the streets of The Hague with her five-year-old daughter Maria Wilhelmina in January 1882. She was destitute and pregnant, with addictions to alcohol and tobacco and reportedly working as a prostitute. Van Gogh cared for her for around a year between 1882 and 1883, reportedly out of pity and a sense of duty. From Hoornik's perspective their relationship is not reported to have been anything more than a convenient solution to a difficult situation. Van Gogh was, however, reported at one stage to have been planning to","title":"Sorrow (Van Gogh)"},{"psg_id":"15571187","text":"piers of the bridge are reflected in the water and white paint is used for highlights. A woman dressed in pink with a red parasol are the focal point of the composition. The painting is part of a group of suburban landscapes along with a painting in Oxford, both of which Van Gogh had placed in red frames. Van Gogh found this setting through his friend Émile Bernard whom he met when studying with Cormon. Over the two years that Van Gogh was in Paris [1886—1887] he made several paintings of bridges crossing the Seine. Van Gogh wrote of making","title":"Asnières (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"15537389","text":"Butterflies (Van Gogh series) Butterflies is a series paintings made by Vincent van Gogh in 1889 and 1890. Van Gogh made at least four paintings of butterflies and one of a moth. The metamorphosis of the caterpillar into a butterfly was symbolic to Van Gogh of men and women's capability for transformation. Butterflies and moths, in the insect order Lepidoptera, are distinguished generally in several ways: Butterflies are brighter in color and fly in the day. Butterfly wings are not linked and fold together when they are in a resting position. On the other hand, moths are generally duller in","title":"Butterflies (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"15537391","text":"to paint pictures; possibly something else will come after that.\" Of prostitutes, such as those he met at brothels, Van Gogh wondered of any woman who fell into a life of degradation: \"She is seeking, seeking, seeking -- does she herself know what? Might she be transformed one day like a grub into a butterfly?\" That hope may have been on Van Gogh's mind when he took in pregnant Sien Hoornik, a prostitute, and her daughter when he lived in The Hague in 1882. In a letter to his friend Émile Bernard, Van Gogh uses the miracle of transformation from","title":"Butterflies (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"15774837","text":"Gogh Van Go Gogh Van Go is a Montreal alt-pop duo made up of Sandra Luciantonio and Daniel Tierney. Previously, Tierney and Luciantonio were both members of an 1980s country-rock group called the Hodads. Luciantonio and Tierney met at the University of Guelph in Canada and formed a band in Montreal in 1985. Taking their name from the cover of an art magazine, the duo formed Gogh Van Go in 1993 and signed with Audiogram Records. Through Audiogram Records, the group released two records. Their first album, the self-titled \"Gogh Van Go\", released in 1993 and produced by Pierre Marchand,","title":"Gogh Van Go"},{"psg_id":"1365410","text":"visited museum in the Netherlands, after the Rijksmuseum, and the 31st most visited art museum in the world. The Van Gogh Museum is a member of the national Museumvereniging (Museum Association). Van Gogh Museum The Van Gogh Museum () is an art museum dedicated to the works of Vincent van Gogh and his contemporaries in Amsterdam in the Netherlands. It is located at the Museum Square in the borough Amsterdam South, close to the Stedelijk Museum, the Rijksmuseum, and the Concertgebouw. The museum opened on 2 June 1973. It is located in buildings designed by Gerrit Rietveld and Kisho Kurokawa.","title":"Van Gogh Museum"},{"psg_id":"15623104","text":"the book was published. Still life paintings by Vincent van Gogh (Paris) Still life paintings by Vincent van Gogh (Paris) is the subject of many drawings, sketches and paintings by Vincent van Gogh in 1886 and 1887 after he moved to Montmartre in Paris from the Netherlands. While in Paris, Van Gogh transformed the subjects, color and techniques that he used in creating still life paintings. He saw the work and met the founders and key artists of Impressionism, Pointillism and other movements and began incorporating what he learned into his work. Japanese art, Ukiyo-e, and woodblock prints also influenced","title":"Still life paintings by Vincent van Gogh (Paris)"},{"psg_id":"17679830","text":"to foster contemporary art. This new foundation was officially established in 2010, under the name of the Fondation Vincent van Gogh Arles. It is now located in the Hôtel Léautaud de Donines. Fondation Vincent van Gogh Arles Fondation Vincent van Gogh Arles is a non-profit foundation located in Arles France dedicated to the work and legacy of Vincent Van Gogh. Its goal is to generate and promote cultural and artistic activities with reference to the oeuvre of Vincent van Gogh as related to the time he spent in Arles, and the intention that van Gogh expressed in establishing an international","title":"Fondation Vincent van Gogh Arles"},{"psg_id":"15612895","text":"van Gogh should undertake to perfect his technique. Van Gogh, however, vehemently insisted on drawing from models, and in a fit of pique destroyed some plaster casts of hands and feet that Mauve had given him to make studies from. Following that incident, Mauve said he would have nothing more to do with him for the next two months (\"i.e.\", for the rest of the winter). In reality, Mauve had resolved to break with Van Gogh completely. Van Gogh initially blamed Tersteeg for Mauve's indifference, but a chance meeting with Mauve in May made it clear to him that Mauve","title":"Sien (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"14833757","text":"Niels van Gogh Niels Eiterer (born 1977), also known by his stage name Niels van Gogh, is a German DJ and producer from Augsburg. He is best known for his 1998 single \"Pulverturm\" which achieved gold in Belgium and South Africa and reached the Top 20 of French and Dutch Billboard charts. His style is progressive clubsound. Niels van Gogh started his career in 1994 and plays in Europe and all around the world, e.g. in Ireland, Belgium, the Netherlands, Spain, Austria, Hungary, Italy, Thailand, South Africa, France, Australia among others. “Pulverturm” (1998) was his first release on Kosmo Records.","title":"Niels van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"12760943","text":"Film Festival. The film was selected as the French entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 64th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. The film is noted for its anti-melodramatic and unsensationalistic approach to Van Gogh's life. For this reason it is often contrasted with Vincente Minnelli's Van Gogh film \"Lust for Life\". Very little time is devoted to Van Gogh's art and work, with the bulk of the 158-minute running time occupied by the artist's often difficult personal relationships and declining mental state. The film omits most references to many of the most famous","title":"Van Gogh (1991 film)"},{"psg_id":"447048","text":"the medium, and spread the paint liberally, scraping from the canvas and working back with the brush. He wrote that he was surprised at how good the results were. By March 1882, Mauve appears to have gone cold towards Van Gogh, and stopped replying to his letters. He had learned of Van Gogh's new domestic arrangement with an alcoholic prostitute, Clasina Maria \"Sien\" Hoornik (1850–1904), and her young daughter. Van Gogh had met Sien towards the end of January 1882, when she had a five-year-old daughter and was pregnant. She had previously borne two children who died, but Van Gogh","title":"Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"16136582","text":"was initiated by the Van Gogh Museum. The project consists of a complete annotated collection of letters written by and to Vincent. In the last days of December 1901, running through January 1902, Bruno Cassirer and his cousin Paul Cassirer organized the first van Gogh exhibition in Berlin, Germany. Paul Cassirer first established a market for van Gogh, and then, with the assistance of Johanna van Gogh-Bonger, controlled market prices. In 1906 Bruno Cassirer published a small volume of selected letters of Vincent's to Theo van Gogh, translated into German. Of the 844 surviving letters that van Gogh wrote, 663","title":"The Letters of Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"15612884","text":"ending the only domestic relationship he would ever have. Sien resumed her life as a seamstress, cleaning woman and likely prostitute before marrying in 1901. On 12 November 1904, aged 54, she threw herself into the Schelde river and drowned, fulfilling a prediction she had made to van Gogh in 1883: \"what the bad moods are is still more desperate ... 'it's bound to end up with me jumping into the water. In the summer of 1881, van Gogh fell in love with his recently widowed first cousin, Kee Vos Stricker. He proposed marriage, but was rebuffed with an adamant","title":"Sien (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"447047","text":"him to watercolour, which he worked on for the next month before returning home for Christmas. He quarrelled with his father, refusing to attend church, and left for The Hague. Within a month Van Gogh and Mauve fell out, possibly over the viability of drawing from plaster casts. Van Gogh could afford to hire only people from the street as models, a practice of which Mauve seems to have disapproved. In June Van Gogh suffered a bout of gonorrhoea and spent three weeks in hospital. Soon after, he first painted in oils, bought with money borrowed from Theo. He liked","title":"Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"20894271","text":"diagnostic terms such as Lesch-Nyhan and Munchausen syndromes. Another medical condition for which the term is used, but only rarely, is when the vision turns yellow for a period of time as, for example, in digoxin toxicity. Van Gogh syndrome Van Gogh syndrome is a mental condition in which an adult performs self-mutilations. It usually happens on the ground of a specific psychiatric condition. The term is derived from the action of Vincent van Gogh in 1888, cutting off his own ear, or a part of it, after a quarrel with fellow artist Paul Gauguin during one of his psychotic","title":"Van Gogh syndrome"},{"psg_id":"1365400","text":"Van Gogh Museum The Van Gogh Museum () is an art museum dedicated to the works of Vincent van Gogh and his contemporaries in Amsterdam in the Netherlands. It is located at the Museum Square in the borough Amsterdam South, close to the Stedelijk Museum, the Rijksmuseum, and the Concertgebouw. The museum opened on 2 June 1973. It is located in buildings designed by Gerrit Rietveld and Kisho Kurokawa. The museum's collection is the largest collection of Van Gogh's paintings and drawings in the world. In 2017, the museum had 2.3 million visitors, and was the most visited museum in","title":"Van Gogh Museum"},{"psg_id":"15481843","text":"wheat in the fields. Van Gogh saw plowing, sowing and harvesting symbolic to man's efforts to overwhelm the cycles of nature: \"the sower and the wheat sheaf stood for eternity, and the reaper and his scythe for irrevocable death.\" The dark hours conducive to germination and regeneration are depicted in \"The Sower\" and wheat fields at sunset. In 1889 Van Gogh wrote of the way in which wheat was symbolic to him: \"What can a person do when he thinks of all the things he cannot understand, but look at the fields of wheat... We, who live by bread, are","title":"Wheat Fields (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"15584024","text":"Van Gogh was one of the artists later called \"Post-Impressionists\" who was influenced by Seurat's style that rejected realism and idealism to create a new genre based upon abstraction and simplicity. Van Gogh learned from Seurat the beauty in simplicity and a means to convey messages in a more optimistic, light way than his work in the Netherlands. While he could not match Seurat's precision, aspects of Pointillism were integrated into van Gogh's work. In \"Bank of the Seine\" (F293) van Gogh uses Pointillism in the small dots for the trees, larger dots in the sky and dashes for water.","title":"Seine (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"15606587","text":"his parents in 1884. Van Gogh described the workers as \"exceptionally poor folk.\" The woman in this painting is the mother of the De Groot family who is pouring coffee in \"The Potato Eaters\" painting. As the seasons changed, Van Gogh made paintings of those who worked indoors, like the basket maker. Years after making the paintings, Van Gogh wrote in 1888 of the solitary nature of the occupation: \"A weaver or a basket maker often spends whole seasons alone, or almost alone, with his craft as his only distraction. And what makes these people stay in one place is","title":"Peasant Character Studies (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"15520774","text":"from the gray colors of his art and life, moving away from Nuenen to develop, as author Albert Lubin describes, a more \"imaginative, colorful art that suited him much better.\" In 1886, Van Gogh left the Netherlands never to return. He moved to Paris to live with his brother Theo, a Parisian art dealer. Van Gogh entered Paris as a shy, somber man. While his personality would never change, he emerged artistically into what one critic described as a \"singing bird\". Although Van Gogh had been influenced by his cousin Anton Mauve and the Hague School, as well as the","title":"Paintings of Children (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"15623063","text":"he also met Edgar Degas, Camille Pissarro, Paul Signac, Georges Seurat, and Paul Gauguin. Through the fellowship with these men, he was introduced to Impressionists, Symbolists, Pointillists, and Japanese art, Ukiyo-e, and woodcut prints. In spite of his unusual manner, disheveled clothes and often time frightening manner, Paris was the one place where Van Gogh developed friendships with other artists. So much so that when Toulouse-Lautrec heard disparaging remarks against Van Gogh, he challenged the man to a duel. Seeing and trading artwork with the Parisian avant-garde artists, Van Gogh understood what Theo had been trying to tell him for","title":"Still life paintings by Vincent van Gogh (Paris)"},{"psg_id":"6587925","text":"the title of the festival). Van Gogh's performance featured guest appearance by Kerber vocalist Goran Šepa. The Rock Express Top 100 Yugoslav Rock Songs of All Times list, published in 2000, featured three songs by Van Gogh: \"Neko te ima\" (polled No.6), the version of \"Klatno\" from \"No Comment\" (polled No.40) and \"Mama\" (polled No.52). In 2011, the song \"Neko te ima\" was voted, by the listeners of Radio 202, one of 60 greatest songs released by PGP-RTB/PGP-RTS during the sixty years of the label's existence. Van Gogh (band) Van Gogh is a Serbian and former Yugoslav rock band from","title":"Van Gogh (band)"},{"psg_id":"4018252","text":"Theo van Gogh (film director) Theodoor \"Theo\" van Gogh (; 23 July 1957 – 2 November 2004) was a Dutch film director, film producer, television director, television producer, television presenter, screenwriter, actor, critic and author. Van Gogh worked with the Somali-born writer and politician Ayaan Hirsi Ali to produce the short film \"Submission\" (2004), which criticized the treatment of women in Islam. It provoked outrage from the Dutch Muslim community. On 2 November 2004, van Gogh was assassinated by Mohammed Bouyeri, a Dutch-Moroccan Muslim who objected to the controversial film. The last film van Gogh had completed before his death,","title":"Theo van Gogh (film director)"},{"psg_id":"14833758","text":"It was a hit around the world, reached gold status in Belgium and South Africa and was placed among the Top 20 of the French and Dutch Billboard Charts. Therefore, having sold over 20,000 vinyl records in Germany, Niels van Gogh was awarded the “Discomaniac” at the 2000 German Dance Awards. “Doppelgänger” was his second release on Kosmo Records. In 2003, Niels van Gogh signed a contract with the label Media Records. On Media Records he released following tracks: “One Way Out”, “Don't Be Afraid of Tomorrow” and his first album \"No Way Out\". In 2007, Niels van Gogh released","title":"Niels van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"15623058","text":"Still life paintings by Vincent van Gogh (Paris) Still life paintings by Vincent van Gogh (Paris) is the subject of many drawings, sketches and paintings by Vincent van Gogh in 1886 and 1887 after he moved to Montmartre in Paris from the Netherlands. While in Paris, Van Gogh transformed the subjects, color and techniques that he used in creating still life paintings. He saw the work and met the founders and key artists of Impressionism, Pointillism and other movements and began incorporating what he learned into his work. Japanese art, Ukiyo-e, and woodblock prints also influenced his approach to composition","title":"Still life paintings by Vincent van Gogh (Paris)"},{"psg_id":"447089","text":"last words were: \"The sadness will last forever\". Van Gogh was buried on 30 July, in the municipal cemetery of Auvers-sur-Oise. The funeral was attended by Theo van Gogh, Andries Bonger, Charles Laval, Lucien Pissarro, Émile Bernard, Julien Tanguy and Paul Gachet, among twenty family members, friends and locals. Theo had been ill, and his health began to decline further after his brother's death. Weak and unable to come to terms with Vincent's absence, he died on 25 January 1891 at Den Dolder, and was buried in Utrecht. In 1914, Johanna van Gogh-Bonger had Theo's body exhumed and moved from","title":"Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"447073","text":"was almost certainly absent from the Yellow House that night, most likely in a hotel. After the altercation with Gauguin, Van Gogh returned to his room, where he was assaulted by voices and severed his left ear with a razor (either wholly or in part; accounts differ), causing severe bleeding. He bandaged the wound, wrapped the ear in paper, and delivered the package to a woman at a brothel Van Gogh and Gauguin both frequented. Van Gogh was found unconscious the next morning by a policeman and taken to hospital, where Félix Rey, a young doctor still in training, treated","title":"Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"15596833","text":"not displayed on this page, but can be found on the Van Gogh Museum website. Unlike the character studies Van Gogh wrote to his brother Theo in November 1882 that he had drawn a portrait of Jozef Blok (F993), a street bookseller who was sometimes called \"Binnenhof's outdoor librarian\". The work was detailed in pencil with watercolor and chalk. At this time it was rare for Van Gogh to use color, as he found it difficult to work with. Early works of Vincent van Gogh The early works of Vincent van Gogh compose a group of paintings and drawings that","title":"Early works of Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"15598613","text":"Outskirts of Paris (Van Gogh) Outskirts of Paris are paintings that Vincent van Gogh made in 1887, while he was living in Paris with his brother Theo. Van Gogh liked to explore the outskirts of Paris, searching for pastoral settings in parks and the wooded areas of the suburbs. His goal was to find scenes that would allow him to explore techniques he learned in Paris. Like many Impressionsits, Van Gogh was concerned about the way in which the landscape and way of life were affected by technical progress and industrialization. He felt the concern back in the Netherlands, which","title":"Outskirts of Paris (Van Gogh)"},{"psg_id":"14833759","text":"the single \"Pulverturm 2.0\" in cooperation with Eniac. It peaked at rank 6 in the Finnish charts. In 2008 he worked together with Thomas Gold and released another hit, a remix of \"Silence\" by Delerium and Sarah McLachlan. In spring 2009, Niels van Gogh released his new Single \"Dreamer\" with the leading German dance music label Scream & Shout and also started his own label \"Play Me Louder\". Niels van Gogh Niels Eiterer (born 1977), also known by his stage name Niels van Gogh, is a German DJ and producer from Augsburg. He is best known for his 1998 single","title":"Niels van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"447050","text":"her brother. Willem remembered visiting Rotterdam when he was about 12, when an uncle tried to persuade Sien to marry to legitimise the child. He believed Van Gogh was his father, but the timing of his birth makes this unlikely. Sien drowned herself in the River Scheldt in 1904. In September 1883, Van Gogh moved to Drenthe in the northern Netherlands. In December, driven by loneliness, he went to live with his parents, then in Nuenen, North Brabant. In Nuenen, Van Gogh focused on painting and drawing. Working outside and very quickly, he completed sketches and paintings of weavers and","title":"Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"8501549","text":"Copies by Vincent van Gogh Copies by Vincent van Gogh form an important group of paintings executed by Vincent van Gogh between 1887 and early 1890. While at Saint-Paul asylum in Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, France, where Van Gogh admitted himself, he strived to have subjects during the cold winter months. Seeking to be reinvigorated artistically, Van Gogh did more than 30 copies of works by some of his favorite artists. About twenty-one of the works were copies after, or inspired by, Jean-François Millet. Rather than replicate, Van Gogh sought to translate the subjects and composition through his perspective, color, and technique. Spiritual","title":"Copies by Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"15612886","text":"such was lionised by the van Gogh family. At the time, he was busy with his massive \"Fishing Boat on the Beach\" that he was preparing for the next year's Salon, but he nevertheless found time for van Gogh to advise him on his drawings, inviting him to return in a few months time to review progress. After a last, humiliating effort to win Kee over, an episode that severely rocked his religious faith, van Gogh returned to his parents' home in Etten in late 1881. On Christmas Day that year, he refused to attend church, provoking a violent quarrel","title":"Sien (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"447114","text":"\"View of Arles, Flowering Orchards\". Van Gogh was enthralled by the landscape and vegetation of the south of France, and often visited the farm gardens near Arles. In the vivid light of the Mediterranean climate his palette significantly brightened. Van Gogh made several painting excursions during visits to the landscape around Arles. He made paintings of harvests, wheat fields and other rural landmarks of the area, including \"The Old Mill\" (1888); a good example of a picturesque structure bordering the wheat fields beyond. At various points, Van Gogh painted the view from his window – at The Hague, Antwerp, and","title":"Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"15612892","text":"his brother and supporter Theo, opposed the relationship and his hope for continued support was doubtful. In June 1882, van Gogh was hospitalized for gonorrhea. Disobeying doctor's orders, he left the hospital July 1 to visit Sien in Leiden, where she had just given birth to a baby boy. Van Gogh moved to a larger studio next door with Sien and her two children. Sien required an extended period of recovery from a difficult pregnancy and delivery. The baby boy, though, seemed to bring much happiness to van Gogh. He explained that while he endeavored to go deeper as an","title":"Sien (Van Gogh series)"},{"psg_id":"15596815","text":"Early works of Vincent van Gogh The early works of Vincent van Gogh compose a group of paintings and drawings that Vincent van Gogh made when he was 27 and 28, in 1881 and 1882, his first two years of serious artistic exploration. Over the course of the two-year period Van Gogh lived in several places. He left Brussels, where he had studied for about a year in 1881, to return to his parent's home in Etten (North Brabant), where he made studies of some of the residents of the town. In January 1882 Van Gogh went to The Hague","title":"Early works of Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"12485776","text":"The Passion of Vincent van Gogh The Passion of Vincent van Gogh is an opera in three acts and eighteen scenes by composer Christopher Yavelow. The opera was commissioned by the National Endowment for the Arts and composed at the Camargo Foundation in 1983 during a Camargo Fellowship in Cassis, France. The English libretto by the composer is taken from the letters of Vincent van Gogh (with permission from the Vincent van Gogh Foundation), Paul Gauguin's journal, and additional official documents relating to Vincent van Gogh. Each line is footnoted in the score and libretto. A German translation by Monique","title":"The Passion of Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"8501553","text":"it is unknown whether or not this was Van Gogh's intention. Émile Bernard, an artist and Catholic mystic, was a close personal friend to Van Gogh. Bernard influenced Van Gogh artistically several ways. Bernard outlined figures in black, replicating the look of religious woodcut images of the Middle Ages. This resulted in a flattened, more primitive work. Van Gogh's \"Crows over the Wheatfield\" is one example of how Bernard's simplified form influenced his work. Bernard also taught Van Gogh about how to manipulate perspective in his work. Just as Van Gogh used color to express emotion, he used distortion of","title":"Copies by Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"7901158","text":"Gauguin's \"Bathers\" to Steven A. Cohen for more than $100 million. \"Two Young Girls\", also called \"Two Children\" is owned by Musée d'Orsay, Paris. Another version of \"Two Children\" is part of a private collection (F784). See also Paintings of Children (Van Gogh series). The \"Young Man with Cornflower\" was made in June 1890 in Auvers. See also Paintings of Children (Van Gogh series). Portraits by Vincent van Gogh Vincent van Gogh lived during the Impressionist era. With the development of photography, painters and artists turned to conveying the feeling and ideas behind people, places, and things rather than trying","title":"Portraits by Vincent van Gogh"},{"psg_id":"1365402","text":"was transferred to the state-initiated Vincent van Gogh Foundation in 1962. Design for a Van Gogh Museum was commissioned by the Dutch government in 1963 to Dutch architect and furniture designer Gerrit Rietveld. Rietveld died a year later, and the building was not completed until 1973, when the museum opened its doors. In 1998 and 1999, the building was renovated by the Dutch architect Martien van Goor and an exhibition wing by the Japanese modernist architect Kisho Kurokawa was added. Starting in late 2012, the museum was closed for renovations for six months. During this period, 75 works from the","title":"Van Gogh Museum"},{"psg_id":"4018253","text":"\"06/05\", was a fictionalized exploration of the assassination of Dutch politician Pim Fortuyn (1948–2002). It was released posthumously in December 2004, a month following van Gogh's assassination. Theo van Gogh was born on 23 July 1957 in The Hague, Netherlands, to Anneke and Johan van Gogh. His father served in the Dutch secret service ('AIVD', then called 'BVD'). He was named after his paternal uncle Theo, who was captured and executed while working as a resistance fighter during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands during World War II. Theo van Gogh was a great-grandson of Theo van Gogh, art dealer","title":"Theo van Gogh (film director)"},{"psg_id":"20843832","text":"in the possession of his widow, Johanna van Gogh-Bonger, and then their son, William Vincent van Gogh. The portrait is now on permanent loan to Amsterdam's Van Gogh Museum. Russell's portrait is unique among those of Van Gogh in that it is the only one by his contemporaries in which he makes direct eye contact with the viewer. Noting Van Gogh's sharp gaze, art critic Laura Cumming said Russell's portrait provides an \"intimate and intense\" encounter with the artist. In his 1939 autobiography, Hartrick called the portrait \"an admirable likeness, more so than any of those by [Van Gogh] or","title":"Vincent van Gogh (Russell painting)"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20236328\",\n \"text\": \"of a house in Cuesmes occupied by a miner named Decrucq and his family. From there he wrote to his brother Theo that he was considering what purpose he could give to his life; inspired by the lives of the miners, he started to produce drawings. From 1880, he started painting in earnest. Maison Van Gogh Maison Van Gogh (or Van Gogh House) is a museum in the village of Cuesmes, near Mons in Belgium. Vincent Van Gogh lived here from 1879 to 1880. Cuesmes is in the Borinage, at that time a coal-mining area; Vincent van Gogh came here\",\n \"title\": \"Maison Van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14478070\",\n \"text\": \"Van Gogh worked on character studies of the local peasants. There was little to be done in the fields and Van Gogh was able to make connections to people through his father, a town minister. Van Gogh's character studies culminated in his famous painting \\\"The Potato Eaters\\\". \\\"The Cottage\\\" (F83) was a home that the De Groot family, immortalized in \\\"The Potato Eaters\\\" shared with another family. The cottage has double front doors, a split chimney and quarters for two families. Seen in the evening light, the cottage seems peaceful. Van Gogh called the peasant homes \\\"human nests\\\". \\\"Peasant Woman\",\n \"title\": \"Cottages (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"447057\",\n \"text\": \"drawing with his crayon so vigorously that he tore the paper. Van Gogh then flew into a violent rage and shouted at Siberdt: 'You clearly do not know what a young woman is like, \\\"God damn it!\\\" A woman must have hips, buttocks, a pelvis in which she can carry a baby!' According to some accounts this was the last time van Gogh attended classes at the Academy and he left later for Paris. On 31 March 1886, which was about a month after the confrontation with Siberdt, the teachers of the Academy decided that 17 students, including van Gogh,\",\n \"title\": \"Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15571183\",\n \"text\": \"as \\\"the painting of the garden with sweethearts.\\\" The title at the Van Gogh Museum is \\\"Garden with courting couples: Square Saint-Pierre, 1887\\\". The summer park scene, one of his largest canvases, was one of the first paintings that van Gogh exhibited in Paris. Here he integrated what he had learned of Impressionism and Pointillism into his own version of Pointillism. He used a combination of carefully placed small dots and more expressive dashes, like those in the sky, of varying color placed side by side into what is considered his most pointillistic painting. Van Gogh used Divisionism techniques to\",\n \"title\": \"Asnières (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15612891\",\n \"text\": \"was hospitalized in June 1882 for gonorrhea. Sien posed for van Gogh throughout the winter. In exchange, van Gogh provided Sien and her daughter with a place to live and food to eat. Sien was ill when he met her and he did what he could to nurse her back to health. Van Gogh considered marrying Sien to take care of her and keep her off the streets. He envisioned a life where Sien would be his helpmate, helping him further his artistic career. Sien wanted to be married to him, too, even though he was poor. His family, including\",\n \"title\": \"Sien (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20843833\",\n \"text\": \"Gauguin\\\", and said it captured one of the Dutchman's quirks: Also in the 1930s, Hartrick created an ink and watercolour sketch of Van Gogh that he likely based on Russell's portrait. Today, specialists agree that Russell's portrait offers the most realistic likeness of Van Gogh. In 2012, Brigitte Banziger and David Hulme argued that, while paintings such as Tom Roberts' \\\"Shearing the Rams\\\" (1890) or Frederick McCubbin's \\\"Down on His Luck\\\" (1889) are often called \\\"Australia's most famous painting\\\", Russell's \\\"Vincent van Gogh\\\" may be more deserving of the title due to its global reputation. Books Journals Vincent van Gogh\",\n \"title\": \"Vincent van Gogh (Russell painting)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12911531\",\n \"text\": \"Wil van Gogh Wilhelmina Jacoba \\\"Wil\\\" van Gogh (; 16 March 1862 – 17 May 1941) was a nurse and early feminist. She is best known as the youngest sister of the artist Vincent van Gogh and the art dealer Theo van Gogh. Wilhelmina Jacoba van Gogh was born on 16 March 1862 in Zundert in the Netherlands, daughter of Theodorus van Gogh and Anna Cornelia Carbentus. She had three brothers Vincent, Theo, and Cor, and two sisters Elisabeth and Anna. During the first part of her life Wil van Gogh served her family and others, nursing the sick. After\",\n \"title\": \"Wil van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15481855\",\n \"text\": \"Van Gogh uses complementary colors to bring intensity to the picture. Blue and orange flecks in the plowed field and violet and gold in the spring wheat behind the sower. Van Gogh used colors symbolically and for effect, when speaking of the colors in this work he said: \\\"I couldn't care less what the colours are in reality.\\\" Inspired by Jean-François Millet van Gogh made several paintings after \\\"The Sower\\\" by Millet. Van Gogh made seven other \\\"Sower\\\" paintings, one in 1883 and the other six after this work. During the last half of June he worked on a group\",\n \"title\": \"Wheat Fields (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"447071\",\n \"text\": \"his visit was \\\"Van Gogh Painting Sunflowers\\\". Van Gogh and Gauguin visited Montpellier in December 1888, where they saw works by Courbet and Delacroix in the Musée Fabre. Their relationship began to deteriorate; Van Gogh admired Gauguin and wanted to be treated as his equal, but Gauguin was arrogant and domineering, which frustrated Van Gogh. They often quarrelled; Van Gogh increasingly feared that Gauguin was going to desert him, and the situation, which Van Gogh described as one of \\\"excessive tension\\\", rapidly headed towards crisis point. The exact sequence of events which led to Van Gogh's mutilation of his ear\",\n \"title\": \"Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15598616\",\n \"text\": \"the countryside, whereby city and country life were often juxtaposed, sometimes in the form of trains for factories blotting the countryside.\\\" Of Van Gogh's painting \\\"Outskirts of Paris\\\" (F264), Schwartz and Przyblyski write that although Van Gogh provides dots of color in a bleak terrain, \\\"The factories - for that is what those lumpish buildings are - will replace the windmill, and the villas will march across the mud and cornfields until they reach the premonitory gas standard.\\\" Outskirts of Paris (Van Gogh) Outskirts of Paris are paintings that Vincent van Gogh made in 1887, while he was living in\",\n \"title\": \"Outskirts of Paris (Van Gogh)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12911533\",\n \"text\": \"at the time considered a fatal illness. Asylum records later noted: Wil van Gogh remained at Ermelo for almost four decades before she died there on 17 May 1941. Whether she was mentally ill or not is nowadays difficult to prove. Renate Berger asserts that Wil van Gogh shared the fate of many \\\"sisters of well-known men\\\" at the time. Wil van Gogh Wilhelmina Jacoba \\\"Wil\\\" van Gogh (; 16 March 1862 – 17 May 1941) was a nurse and early feminist. She is best known as the youngest sister of the artist Vincent van Gogh and the art dealer\",\n \"title\": \"Wil van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6059820\",\n \"text\": \"Van Gogh Vodka Van Gogh Vodka produces unflavored vodka, flavored vodka, and gin. The vodka was introduced in January 2000 and is produced at Distillery Cooymans International in Tilburg, the Netherlands. Van Gogh currently produces a total of 25 expressions, 16 of which are available in the U.S. Van Gogh Vodka is owned by Luctor International and is sold in the United States, Europe, Israel, the Far East, Australia, New Zealand, Caribbean, Canada, South Africa and Central America. In the U.S., Van Gogh is imported by 375 Park Avenue Spirits. Vincent Van Gogh Vodka offers many flavored vodkas in addition\",\n \"title\": \"Van Gogh Vodka\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15606576\",\n \"text\": \"own horse.\\\" The close association of peasants and the cycles of nature particularly interested Van Gogh, such as the sowing of seeds, harvest and sheaves of wheat in the fields. Van Gogh saw plowing, sowing and harvesting symbolic to man's efforts to overwhelm the cycles of nature. Van Gogh was extremely mindful of the impact of 19th-century industrialization on the changing landscape and what that meant to people's lives. Van Gogh wrote in a letter to Anthon van Rappard: \\\"I remember as a boy seeing that heath and the little farms, the looms and the spinning wheels in exactly the\",\n \"title\": \"Peasant Character Studies (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7901129\",\n \"text\": \"from the Far East and Europe. Van Gogh went to Arles for the sun, color and country lifestyle but more than anything else \\\"what I really hope to do is paint a good portrait.\\\" According to Doiteau and Leroy, one day Van Gogh wanted to present a painting he had just finished to Dr. Rey. But the doctor refused the gift, so Van Gogh offered the painting to the pharmacist of the hospital just passing by, a Mr Rousseau. He, too, refused and so the next passer-by, the administrator of the hospital, was offered the painting - and he, a\",\n \"title\": \"Portraits by Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17268732\",\n \"text\": \"marry her. He provided shelter and in return Hoornik modelled for him. In July 1882, Hoornik gave birth to a son, Willem, at the Maternity Hospital in Leiden. After the birth, she and Van Gogh moved into an apartment with a studio. This was reportedly a happy period for Van Gogh but by early 1883 Hoornik had started drinking again and returned to prostitution. The shared apartment became squalid, and the relationship between them deteriorated. Van Gogh found it increasingly difficult to support Hoornik and her children, in September 1883 they parted and Van Gogh left to further his career.\",\n \"title\": \"Sorrow (Van Gogh)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1365407\",\n \"text\": \"Van Gogh grouped chronologically. The second floor gives information about the restoration of paintings and has a space for minor temporary exhibitions. The third floor shows paintings of Van Gogh's contemporaries in relationship to the work of Van Gogh himself. The Kurokawa wing is used for major temporary exhibitions. The building has an oval floor plan and is three stories high. The entrance to the Kurokawa wing is via an underground tunnel from the Rietveld building. The Van Gogh Museum has the largest Van Gogh collection in the world. It comprises 200 paintings, 400 drawings, and 700 letters by Vincent\",\n \"title\": \"Van Gogh Museum\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6059821\",\n \"text\": \"to the basic gin and vodka. The following is a complete list of the Van Gogh product line: The Royal Dirkzwager Distillery has created Van Gogh Vodka for 133 years by handcrafting vodka in small batches using combinations of wheat, corn and barley. The vodka is distilled twice in column stills and then a third time in a traditional pot still to produce a high quality vodka. Copper is used in the process to remove the harshness of the product. Van Gogh Vodka Van Gogh Vodka produces unflavored vodka, flavored vodka, and gin. The vodka was introduced in January 2000\",\n \"title\": \"Van Gogh Vodka\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"447045\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"No, nay, never\\\" (\\\"\\\"nooit, neen, nimmer\\\"\\\"). After Kee returned to Amsterdam, Van Gogh went to The Hague to try to sell paintings and to meet with his second cousin, Anton Mauve. Mauve was the successful artist Van Gogh longed to be. Mauve invited him to return in a few months, and suggested he spend the intervening time working in charcoal and pastels; Van Gogh went back to Etten and followed this advice. Late in November 1881, Van Gogh wrote a letter to Johannes Stricker, one which he described to Theo as an attack. Within days he left for Amsterdam. Kee\",\n \"title\": \"Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15596831\",\n \"text\": \"be reminiscent for Van Gogh of the times in his youth he fled to the Zundert Woods to escape from his family. In November 1882 Van Gogh began drawings of individuals to depict a range of character types from the working class, \\\"Worn Out\\\" was one of the series. The works were drawn in a black in an angular style. On November 24, 1882 Van Gogh wrote to his brother Theo of Adrianus Zuyderland, the man who posed for \\\"Worn Out\\\" (F997), \\\"What a fine sight an old working man makes, in his patched bombazine suit with his bald head\\\".\",\n \"title\": \"Early works of Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8501568\",\n \"text\": \"was sentimental treatment of the destitute and downtrodden. He held laborers up to a high standard of how dedicatedly he should approach painting, \\\"One must undertake with confidence, with a certain assurance that one is doing a reasonable thing, like the farmer who drives his plow... (one who) drags the harrow behind himself. If one hasn't a horse, one is one's own horse.\\\" Referring to painting of peasants Van Gogh wrote to his brother Theo: \\\"How shall I ever manage to paint what I love so much?\\\" Van Gogh Museum says of Millet's influence on Van Gogh: \\\"Millet's paintings, with\",\n \"title\": \"Copies by Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8501556\",\n \"text\": \"been inspired by Bernard's work of Breton women. Van Gogh painted a work of the engraving \\\"Man at Sea\\\" made by Virginie Demont-Breton, daughter of Jules Breton. Her engraving was exhibited at the Salon of 1889. The picture depicts, almost entirely in shades of violet, a peaceful scene of a mother sitting by a fire with her baby on her lap. In 1882 Van Gogh had remarked that he found Honoré Daumier's \\\"The Four Ages of a Drinker\\\" both beautiful and soulful. Van Gogh wrote to his brother Theo of Daumier's artistic perspective and humanity: \\\"What impressed me so much\",\n \"title\": \"Copies by Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15481845\",\n \"text\": \"and restore you when there is a need.\\\" Further exploring the connection between man and nature, Van Gogh wrote his sister Wil, \\\"What the germinating force is in a grain of wheat, love is in us.\\\" At times Van Gogh was so enamored with nature that his sense of self seemed lost in the intensity of his work: \\\"I have a terrible lucidity at moments, these days when nature is so beautiful, I am not conscious of myself any more, and the picture comes to me as in a dream.\\\" Wheat fields provided a subject in which Van Gogh could\",\n \"title\": \"Wheat Fields (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17679829\",\n \"text\": \"for the Creation of the Fondation Van Gogh (subsequently known simply as the Fondation Van Gogh). In 1985 Yolande Clergue proposed initiating a collection of works executed by contemporary artists in tribute to Van Gogh, including Francis Bacon. Bacon responded enthusiastically by producing a painting specifically for the foundation. More than ninety artists chose to contribute to this homage to Vincent van Gogh. In 2008 Yolande Clergue’s original ambition to create a Fondation Van Gogh was given new momentum by Luc Hoffmann who established a permanent framework for activities designed to preserve the memory of Van Gogh in Arles and\",\n \"title\": \"Fondation Vincent van Gogh Arles\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14478071\",\n \"text\": \"Digging in Front of Her Cottage\\\" (F142) was one of the paintings that Van Gogh left behind when he went to Antwerp in 1885 and it went to his mother Anna Carbentus van Gogh. Cottages (Van Gogh series) Cottages is a subject of paintings created by Vincent van Gogh from 1883 and 1885. This is related to the Peasant Character Studies that Van Gogh worked on during the same time period. Inspired by the work of Jean-François Millet and others working in the 'peasant' genre, Van Gogh became interested in representing peasant life in his art. To depict the essence\",\n \"title\": \"Cottages (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"447069\",\n \"text\": \"visit Arles in 1888, Van Gogh hoped for friendship, and the realisation of his idea of an artists' collective. While waiting, in August he painted \\\"Sunflowers\\\". When Boch visited again, Van Gogh painted a portrait of him, as well as the study \\\"The Poet Against a Starry Sky.\\\" In preparation for Gauguin's visit, Van Gogh bought two beds on advice from the station's postal supervisor Joseph Roulin, whose portrait he painted. On 17 September he spent his first night in the still sparsely furnished Yellow House. When Gauguin consented to work and live in Arles with him, Van Gogh started\",\n \"title\": \"Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20236327\",\n \"text\": \"Maison Van Gogh Maison Van Gogh (or Van Gogh House) is a museum in the village of Cuesmes, near Mons in Belgium. Vincent Van Gogh lived here from 1879 to 1880. Cuesmes is in the Borinage, at that time a coal-mining area; Vincent van Gogh came here in 1879 as a layman preacher. He became concerned about the lives of the miners, and went down into the mines. The Belgian Union of Protestant Churches, dissatisfied with this involvement, dismissed him after six months, but he continued without pay. During this period, from 1879 to 1880, he stayed in the annexe\",\n \"title\": \"Maison Van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"447056\",\n \"text\": \"style. Van Gogh had also clashed with the instructor of the drawing class Franz Vinck. Van Gogh finally started to attend the drawing classes after antique plaster models given by Eugène Siberdt. Soon Siberdt and van Gogh came into conflict when the latter did not comply with Siberdt's requirement that drawings express the contour and concentrate on the line. When van Gogh was required to draw the Venus of Milo during a drawing class, he produced the limbless, naked torso of a Flemish peasant woman. Siberdt regarded this as defiance against his artistic guidance and made corrections to van Gogh's\",\n \"title\": \"Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8501557\",\n \"text\": \"at the time was something so stout and manly in Daumier's conception, something that made me think It must be good to think and to feel like that and to overlook or ignore a multitude of things and to concentrate on what makes us sit up and think and what touches us as human beings more directly and personally than meadows or clouds.\\\" Daumier's artistic talents included painting, sculpting and creating lithographs. He was well known for his social and political commentary. Van Gogh made \\\"Men Drinking\\\" after Daumier's work in Saint-Remy about February 1890. Van Gogh, motivated by the\",\n \"title\": \"Copies by Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"447034\",\n \"text\": \"correspond. Vincent Willem van Gogh was born on 30 March 1853 into a Dutch Reformed family in Groot-Zundert, in the predominantly Catholic province of North Brabant in the southern Netherlands. He was the oldest surviving child of Theodorus van Gogh, a minister of the Dutch Reformed Church, and Anna Cornelia Carbentus. Van Gogh was given the name of his grandfather, and of a brother stillborn exactly a year before his birth. Vincent was a common name in the Van Gogh family: his grandfather, Vincent (1789–1874), who received a degree in theology at the University of Leiden in 1811, had six\",\n \"title\": \"Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8431765\",\n \"text\": \"of Vincent van Gogh's life in 1934 entitled \\\"Lust for Life\\\" that was largely based on the letters to Theo; this book and later the movie of the same name added to further the artist's fame. During his lifetime, Van Gogh contributed works of his own only on a few and minor occasions which mainly passed unnoted by critics and public. For example, in 1887, a display of Japanese woodcuts in the Restaurant \\\"Au Tambourin\\\", 62 Boulevard de Clichy, then run by Augustina Ségatori, for which Van Gogh probably interpreted three famous \\\"ukiyo-e\\\" prints by Keisai Eisen and Hiroshige. Towards\",\n \"title\": \"Posthumous fame of Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15612905\",\n \"text\": \"is much less successful as van Gogh himself acknowledged, blaming the paper in part for not being right for the job. Sien (Van Gogh series) Vincent van Gogh drew and painted a series of works of his mistress Sien during their time together in the Netherlands. In particular, his drawing \\\"Sorrow\\\" is widely acknowledged as a masterwork of draftsmanship, the culmination of a long and sometimes uncertain apprenticeship in learning his craft. Commonly called Sien Hoornik, Clasina Maria Hoornik (1850–1904) lived with van Gogh during much of his time in The Hague from 1881 to 1883. Van Gogh used Sien,\",\n \"title\": \"Sien (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15584018\",\n \"text\": \"a place of respite for residents and visitors of Paris. Among the treed grounds are fountains and statues. The painting also named \\\"Terrace in the Luxembourg Garden\\\" depicts a spring day in the park. Here Van Gogh has begun to leverage what he has learned about modern art, color and light. Thick brushstrokes foretell his evolving style. The remoteness with which the painting was made is typical of an Impressionist's approach. Van Gogh remained anxious and lonely during his first year in Paris, but with the spring in 1887 he began to explore outside of central Paris for more pastoral\",\n \"title\": \"Seine (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17268736\",\n \"text\": \"currently unknown, and it may no longer exist. Another of the drawings mentioned as being sent to his brother in a letter on 10 April 1882 is considered lost. Print impressions of versions of Sorrow are in the collection of the Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam (which has two copies) and the Museum of Modern Art, New York. The latter's copy was printed by of The Hague. Sorrow (Van Gogh) Sorrow is a drawing by Vincent van Gogh, produced in 1882. The work, created two years after Van Gogh had decided to become an artist, depicts 32-year-old pregnant woman Clasina Maria\",\n \"title\": \"Sorrow (Van Gogh)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17268729\",\n \"text\": \"Sorrow (Van Gogh) Sorrow is a drawing by Vincent van Gogh, produced in 1882. The work, created two years after Van Gogh had decided to become an artist, depicts 32-year-old pregnant woman Clasina Maria Hoornik, familiarly known as \\\"Sien\\\". \\\"Sorrow\\\" is widely acknowledged as a masterwork of draftsmanship, the culmination of a long and sometimes uncertain apprenticeship by Van Gogh in learning his craft. The drawing is part of the Garman Ryan Collection held at The New Art Gallery Walsall. Previously, it was in the private collection of artist Sally Ryan, who had the work hung in her permanent suite\",\n \"title\": \"Sorrow (Van Gogh)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10263040\",\n \"text\": \"Trio Van Gogh Trio Van Gogh is a Danish sitcom, created by Rune Tolsgaard and Esben Pretzmann of Drengene fra Angora-fame. The series stars Mia Lyhne, Brian Lykke, Hjalte Flagstad, Jesper Rofeldt, Esben Pretzmann, Rune Tolsgaard, and also Simon Kvamm makes a short guest appearance. The series is set as a documentary following the classical musical trio, \\\"Trio Van Gogh\\\" (a play on the name of the controversial Dutch director, Theo Van Gogh, who was murdered.) The trio struggles to break through, and they are faced with one disaster after another, due to all three members of the group being\",\n \"title\": \"Trio Van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15481844\",\n \"text\": \"we not ourselves very much like wheat... to be reaped when we are ripe.\\\" Van Gogh saw in his paintings of wheat fields an opportunity for people to find a sense of calm and meaning, offering more to suffering people than guessing at what they may learn \\\"on the other side of life.\\\" Van Gogh writes Theo that he hopes that his family brings to him \\\"what nature, clods of earth, the grass, yellow wheat, the peasant, are for me, in other words, that you find in your love for people something not only to work for, but to comfort\",\n \"title\": \"Wheat Fields (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14478067\",\n \"text\": \"Cottages (Van Gogh series) Cottages is a subject of paintings created by Vincent van Gogh from 1883 and 1885. This is related to the Peasant Character Studies that Van Gogh worked on during the same time period. Inspired by the work of Jean-François Millet and others working in the 'peasant' genre, Van Gogh became interested in representing peasant life in his art. To depict the essence and spirit of their life, he for a time lived as they lived, he was in the fields as they were, enduring the weather for long hours as they were. To do so was\",\n \"title\": \"Cottages (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15612882\",\n \"text\": \"Sien (Van Gogh series) Vincent van Gogh drew and painted a series of works of his mistress Sien during their time together in the Netherlands. In particular, his drawing \\\"Sorrow\\\" is widely acknowledged as a masterwork of draftsmanship, the culmination of a long and sometimes uncertain apprenticeship in learning his craft. Commonly called Sien Hoornik, Clasina Maria Hoornik (1850–1904) lived with van Gogh during much of his time in The Hague from 1881 to 1883. Van Gogh used Sien, a pregnant prostitute, as a model for his work and later took Sien and her daughter into his home. Van Gogh\",\n \"title\": \"Sien (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7901146\",\n \"text\": \"1930. After her husband had posed for several works with van Gogh, Augustine sat for Van Gogh and Paul Gauguin in the Yellow House the two men shared. During the sitting, she kept her gaze on Gauguin, possibly for reassurance because, according to her daughter, she was not comfortable in the presence of van Gogh. In addition to the mother-daughter works where Marcelle is visible, Van Gogh also created several \\\"La Berceuse\\\" works where Augustine rocked her unseen cradle by a string. Van Gogh labeled the group of work \\\"La Berceuse\\\" meaning \\\"our lullaby or the woman rocking the cradle.\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Portraits by Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"447030\",\n \"text\": \"Gogh shot himself in the chest with a revolver. He died from his injuries two days later. Van Gogh was unsuccessful during his lifetime, and was considered a madman and a failure. He became famous after his suicide, and exists in the public imagination as the quintessential misunderstood genius, the artist \\\"where discourses on madness and creativity converge\\\". His reputation began to grow in the early 20th century as elements of his painting style came to be incorporated by the Fauves and German Expressionists. He attained widespread critical, commercial and popular success over the ensuing decades, and is remembered as\",\n \"title\": \"Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17268731\",\n \"text\": \"de la Faille. Van Gogh is reported to have encountered Sien Hoornik wandering the streets of The Hague with her five-year-old daughter Maria Wilhelmina in January 1882. She was destitute and pregnant, with addictions to alcohol and tobacco and reportedly working as a prostitute. Van Gogh cared for her for around a year between 1882 and 1883, reportedly out of pity and a sense of duty. From Hoornik's perspective their relationship is not reported to have been anything more than a convenient solution to a difficult situation. Van Gogh was, however, reported at one stage to have been planning to\",\n \"title\": \"Sorrow (Van Gogh)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15571187\",\n \"text\": \"piers of the bridge are reflected in the water and white paint is used for highlights. A woman dressed in pink with a red parasol are the focal point of the composition. The painting is part of a group of suburban landscapes along with a painting in Oxford, both of which Van Gogh had placed in red frames. Van Gogh found this setting through his friend Émile Bernard whom he met when studying with Cormon. Over the two years that Van Gogh was in Paris [1886—1887] he made several paintings of bridges crossing the Seine. Van Gogh wrote of making\",\n \"title\": \"Asnières (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15537389\",\n \"text\": \"Butterflies (Van Gogh series) Butterflies is a series paintings made by Vincent van Gogh in 1889 and 1890. Van Gogh made at least four paintings of butterflies and one of a moth. The metamorphosis of the caterpillar into a butterfly was symbolic to Van Gogh of men and women's capability for transformation. Butterflies and moths, in the insect order Lepidoptera, are distinguished generally in several ways: Butterflies are brighter in color and fly in the day. Butterfly wings are not linked and fold together when they are in a resting position. On the other hand, moths are generally duller in\",\n \"title\": \"Butterflies (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15537391\",\n \"text\": \"to paint pictures; possibly something else will come after that.\\\" Of prostitutes, such as those he met at brothels, Van Gogh wondered of any woman who fell into a life of degradation: \\\"She is seeking, seeking, seeking -- does she herself know what? Might she be transformed one day like a grub into a butterfly?\\\" That hope may have been on Van Gogh's mind when he took in pregnant Sien Hoornik, a prostitute, and her daughter when he lived in The Hague in 1882. In a letter to his friend Émile Bernard, Van Gogh uses the miracle of transformation from\",\n \"title\": \"Butterflies (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15774837\",\n \"text\": \"Gogh Van Go Gogh Van Go is a Montreal alt-pop duo made up of Sandra Luciantonio and Daniel Tierney. Previously, Tierney and Luciantonio were both members of an 1980s country-rock group called the Hodads. Luciantonio and Tierney met at the University of Guelph in Canada and formed a band in Montreal in 1985. Taking their name from the cover of an art magazine, the duo formed Gogh Van Go in 1993 and signed with Audiogram Records. Through Audiogram Records, the group released two records. Their first album, the self-titled \\\"Gogh Van Go\\\", released in 1993 and produced by Pierre Marchand,\",\n \"title\": \"Gogh Van Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1365410\",\n \"text\": \"visited museum in the Netherlands, after the Rijksmuseum, and the 31st most visited art museum in the world. The Van Gogh Museum is a member of the national Museumvereniging (Museum Association). Van Gogh Museum The Van Gogh Museum () is an art museum dedicated to the works of Vincent van Gogh and his contemporaries in Amsterdam in the Netherlands. It is located at the Museum Square in the borough Amsterdam South, close to the Stedelijk Museum, the Rijksmuseum, and the Concertgebouw. The museum opened on 2 June 1973. It is located in buildings designed by Gerrit Rietveld and Kisho Kurokawa.\",\n \"title\": \"Van Gogh Museum\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15623104\",\n \"text\": \"the book was published. Still life paintings by Vincent van Gogh (Paris) Still life paintings by Vincent van Gogh (Paris) is the subject of many drawings, sketches and paintings by Vincent van Gogh in 1886 and 1887 after he moved to Montmartre in Paris from the Netherlands. While in Paris, Van Gogh transformed the subjects, color and techniques that he used in creating still life paintings. He saw the work and met the founders and key artists of Impressionism, Pointillism and other movements and began incorporating what he learned into his work. Japanese art, Ukiyo-e, and woodblock prints also influenced\",\n \"title\": \"Still life paintings by Vincent van Gogh (Paris)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17679830\",\n \"text\": \"to foster contemporary art. This new foundation was officially established in 2010, under the name of the Fondation Vincent van Gogh Arles. It is now located in the Hôtel Léautaud de Donines. Fondation Vincent van Gogh Arles Fondation Vincent van Gogh Arles is a non-profit foundation located in Arles France dedicated to the work and legacy of Vincent Van Gogh. Its goal is to generate and promote cultural and artistic activities with reference to the oeuvre of Vincent van Gogh as related to the time he spent in Arles, and the intention that van Gogh expressed in establishing an international\",\n \"title\": \"Fondation Vincent van Gogh Arles\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15612895\",\n \"text\": \"van Gogh should undertake to perfect his technique. Van Gogh, however, vehemently insisted on drawing from models, and in a fit of pique destroyed some plaster casts of hands and feet that Mauve had given him to make studies from. Following that incident, Mauve said he would have nothing more to do with him for the next two months (\\\"i.e.\\\", for the rest of the winter). In reality, Mauve had resolved to break with Van Gogh completely. Van Gogh initially blamed Tersteeg for Mauve's indifference, but a chance meeting with Mauve in May made it clear to him that Mauve\",\n \"title\": \"Sien (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14833757\",\n \"text\": \"Niels van Gogh Niels Eiterer (born 1977), also known by his stage name Niels van Gogh, is a German DJ and producer from Augsburg. He is best known for his 1998 single \\\"Pulverturm\\\" which achieved gold in Belgium and South Africa and reached the Top 20 of French and Dutch Billboard charts. His style is progressive clubsound. Niels van Gogh started his career in 1994 and plays in Europe and all around the world, e.g. in Ireland, Belgium, the Netherlands, Spain, Austria, Hungary, Italy, Thailand, South Africa, France, Australia among others. “Pulverturm” (1998) was his first release on Kosmo Records.\",\n \"title\": \"Niels van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12760943\",\n \"text\": \"Film Festival. The film was selected as the French entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 64th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. The film is noted for its anti-melodramatic and unsensationalistic approach to Van Gogh's life. For this reason it is often contrasted with Vincente Minnelli's Van Gogh film \\\"Lust for Life\\\". Very little time is devoted to Van Gogh's art and work, with the bulk of the 158-minute running time occupied by the artist's often difficult personal relationships and declining mental state. The film omits most references to many of the most famous\",\n \"title\": \"Van Gogh (1991 film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"447048\",\n \"text\": \"the medium, and spread the paint liberally, scraping from the canvas and working back with the brush. He wrote that he was surprised at how good the results were. By March 1882, Mauve appears to have gone cold towards Van Gogh, and stopped replying to his letters. He had learned of Van Gogh's new domestic arrangement with an alcoholic prostitute, Clasina Maria \\\"Sien\\\" Hoornik (1850–1904), and her young daughter. Van Gogh had met Sien towards the end of January 1882, when she had a five-year-old daughter and was pregnant. She had previously borne two children who died, but Van Gogh\",\n \"title\": \"Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16136582\",\n \"text\": \"was initiated by the Van Gogh Museum. The project consists of a complete annotated collection of letters written by and to Vincent. In the last days of December 1901, running through January 1902, Bruno Cassirer and his cousin Paul Cassirer organized the first van Gogh exhibition in Berlin, Germany. Paul Cassirer first established a market for van Gogh, and then, with the assistance of Johanna van Gogh-Bonger, controlled market prices. In 1906 Bruno Cassirer published a small volume of selected letters of Vincent's to Theo van Gogh, translated into German. Of the 844 surviving letters that van Gogh wrote, 663\",\n \"title\": \"The Letters of Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15612884\",\n \"text\": \"ending the only domestic relationship he would ever have. Sien resumed her life as a seamstress, cleaning woman and likely prostitute before marrying in 1901. On 12 November 1904, aged 54, she threw herself into the Schelde river and drowned, fulfilling a prediction she had made to van Gogh in 1883: \\\"what the bad moods are is still more desperate ... 'it's bound to end up with me jumping into the water. In the summer of 1881, van Gogh fell in love with his recently widowed first cousin, Kee Vos Stricker. He proposed marriage, but was rebuffed with an adamant\",\n \"title\": \"Sien (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"447047\",\n \"text\": \"him to watercolour, which he worked on for the next month before returning home for Christmas. He quarrelled with his father, refusing to attend church, and left for The Hague. Within a month Van Gogh and Mauve fell out, possibly over the viability of drawing from plaster casts. Van Gogh could afford to hire only people from the street as models, a practice of which Mauve seems to have disapproved. In June Van Gogh suffered a bout of gonorrhoea and spent three weeks in hospital. Soon after, he first painted in oils, bought with money borrowed from Theo. He liked\",\n \"title\": \"Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20894271\",\n \"text\": \"diagnostic terms such as Lesch-Nyhan and Munchausen syndromes. Another medical condition for which the term is used, but only rarely, is when the vision turns yellow for a period of time as, for example, in digoxin toxicity. Van Gogh syndrome Van Gogh syndrome is a mental condition in which an adult performs self-mutilations. It usually happens on the ground of a specific psychiatric condition. The term is derived from the action of Vincent van Gogh in 1888, cutting off his own ear, or a part of it, after a quarrel with fellow artist Paul Gauguin during one of his psychotic\",\n \"title\": \"Van Gogh syndrome\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1365400\",\n \"text\": \"Van Gogh Museum The Van Gogh Museum () is an art museum dedicated to the works of Vincent van Gogh and his contemporaries in Amsterdam in the Netherlands. It is located at the Museum Square in the borough Amsterdam South, close to the Stedelijk Museum, the Rijksmuseum, and the Concertgebouw. The museum opened on 2 June 1973. It is located in buildings designed by Gerrit Rietveld and Kisho Kurokawa. The museum's collection is the largest collection of Van Gogh's paintings and drawings in the world. In 2017, the museum had 2.3 million visitors, and was the most visited museum in\",\n \"title\": \"Van Gogh Museum\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15481843\",\n \"text\": \"wheat in the fields. Van Gogh saw plowing, sowing and harvesting symbolic to man's efforts to overwhelm the cycles of nature: \\\"the sower and the wheat sheaf stood for eternity, and the reaper and his scythe for irrevocable death.\\\" The dark hours conducive to germination and regeneration are depicted in \\\"The Sower\\\" and wheat fields at sunset. In 1889 Van Gogh wrote of the way in which wheat was symbolic to him: \\\"What can a person do when he thinks of all the things he cannot understand, but look at the fields of wheat... We, who live by bread, are\",\n \"title\": \"Wheat Fields (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15584024\",\n \"text\": \"Van Gogh was one of the artists later called \\\"Post-Impressionists\\\" who was influenced by Seurat's style that rejected realism and idealism to create a new genre based upon abstraction and simplicity. Van Gogh learned from Seurat the beauty in simplicity and a means to convey messages in a more optimistic, light way than his work in the Netherlands. While he could not match Seurat's precision, aspects of Pointillism were integrated into van Gogh's work. In \\\"Bank of the Seine\\\" (F293) van Gogh uses Pointillism in the small dots for the trees, larger dots in the sky and dashes for water.\",\n \"title\": \"Seine (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15606587\",\n \"text\": \"his parents in 1884. Van Gogh described the workers as \\\"exceptionally poor folk.\\\" The woman in this painting is the mother of the De Groot family who is pouring coffee in \\\"The Potato Eaters\\\" painting. As the seasons changed, Van Gogh made paintings of those who worked indoors, like the basket maker. Years after making the paintings, Van Gogh wrote in 1888 of the solitary nature of the occupation: \\\"A weaver or a basket maker often spends whole seasons alone, or almost alone, with his craft as his only distraction. And what makes these people stay in one place is\",\n \"title\": \"Peasant Character Studies (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15520774\",\n \"text\": \"from the gray colors of his art and life, moving away from Nuenen to develop, as author Albert Lubin describes, a more \\\"imaginative, colorful art that suited him much better.\\\" In 1886, Van Gogh left the Netherlands never to return. He moved to Paris to live with his brother Theo, a Parisian art dealer. Van Gogh entered Paris as a shy, somber man. While his personality would never change, he emerged artistically into what one critic described as a \\\"singing bird\\\". Although Van Gogh had been influenced by his cousin Anton Mauve and the Hague School, as well as the\",\n \"title\": \"Paintings of Children (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15623063\",\n \"text\": \"he also met Edgar Degas, Camille Pissarro, Paul Signac, Georges Seurat, and Paul Gauguin. Through the fellowship with these men, he was introduced to Impressionists, Symbolists, Pointillists, and Japanese art, Ukiyo-e, and woodcut prints. In spite of his unusual manner, disheveled clothes and often time frightening manner, Paris was the one place where Van Gogh developed friendships with other artists. So much so that when Toulouse-Lautrec heard disparaging remarks against Van Gogh, he challenged the man to a duel. Seeing and trading artwork with the Parisian avant-garde artists, Van Gogh understood what Theo had been trying to tell him for\",\n \"title\": \"Still life paintings by Vincent van Gogh (Paris)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6587925\",\n \"text\": \"the title of the festival). Van Gogh's performance featured guest appearance by Kerber vocalist Goran Šepa. The Rock Express Top 100 Yugoslav Rock Songs of All Times list, published in 2000, featured three songs by Van Gogh: \\\"Neko te ima\\\" (polled No.6), the version of \\\"Klatno\\\" from \\\"No Comment\\\" (polled No.40) and \\\"Mama\\\" (polled No.52). In 2011, the song \\\"Neko te ima\\\" was voted, by the listeners of Radio 202, one of 60 greatest songs released by PGP-RTB/PGP-RTS during the sixty years of the label's existence. Van Gogh (band) Van Gogh is a Serbian and former Yugoslav rock band from\",\n \"title\": \"Van Gogh (band)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4018252\",\n \"text\": \"Theo van Gogh (film director) Theodoor \\\"Theo\\\" van Gogh (; 23 July 1957 – 2 November 2004) was a Dutch film director, film producer, television director, television producer, television presenter, screenwriter, actor, critic and author. Van Gogh worked with the Somali-born writer and politician Ayaan Hirsi Ali to produce the short film \\\"Submission\\\" (2004), which criticized the treatment of women in Islam. It provoked outrage from the Dutch Muslim community. On 2 November 2004, van Gogh was assassinated by Mohammed Bouyeri, a Dutch-Moroccan Muslim who objected to the controversial film. The last film van Gogh had completed before his death,\",\n \"title\": \"Theo van Gogh (film director)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14833758\",\n \"text\": \"It was a hit around the world, reached gold status in Belgium and South Africa and was placed among the Top 20 of the French and Dutch Billboard Charts. Therefore, having sold over 20,000 vinyl records in Germany, Niels van Gogh was awarded the “Discomaniac” at the 2000 German Dance Awards. “Doppelgänger” was his second release on Kosmo Records. In 2003, Niels van Gogh signed a contract with the label Media Records. On Media Records he released following tracks: “One Way Out”, “Don't Be Afraid of Tomorrow” and his first album \\\"No Way Out\\\". In 2007, Niels van Gogh released\",\n \"title\": \"Niels van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15623058\",\n \"text\": \"Still life paintings by Vincent van Gogh (Paris) Still life paintings by Vincent van Gogh (Paris) is the subject of many drawings, sketches and paintings by Vincent van Gogh in 1886 and 1887 after he moved to Montmartre in Paris from the Netherlands. While in Paris, Van Gogh transformed the subjects, color and techniques that he used in creating still life paintings. He saw the work and met the founders and key artists of Impressionism, Pointillism and other movements and began incorporating what he learned into his work. Japanese art, Ukiyo-e, and woodblock prints also influenced his approach to composition\",\n \"title\": \"Still life paintings by Vincent van Gogh (Paris)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"447089\",\n \"text\": \"last words were: \\\"The sadness will last forever\\\". Van Gogh was buried on 30 July, in the municipal cemetery of Auvers-sur-Oise. The funeral was attended by Theo van Gogh, Andries Bonger, Charles Laval, Lucien Pissarro, Émile Bernard, Julien Tanguy and Paul Gachet, among twenty family members, friends and locals. Theo had been ill, and his health began to decline further after his brother's death. Weak and unable to come to terms with Vincent's absence, he died on 25 January 1891 at Den Dolder, and was buried in Utrecht. In 1914, Johanna van Gogh-Bonger had Theo's body exhumed and moved from\",\n \"title\": \"Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"447073\",\n \"text\": \"was almost certainly absent from the Yellow House that night, most likely in a hotel. After the altercation with Gauguin, Van Gogh returned to his room, where he was assaulted by voices and severed his left ear with a razor (either wholly or in part; accounts differ), causing severe bleeding. He bandaged the wound, wrapped the ear in paper, and delivered the package to a woman at a brothel Van Gogh and Gauguin both frequented. Van Gogh was found unconscious the next morning by a policeman and taken to hospital, where Félix Rey, a young doctor still in training, treated\",\n \"title\": \"Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15596833\",\n \"text\": \"not displayed on this page, but can be found on the Van Gogh Museum website. Unlike the character studies Van Gogh wrote to his brother Theo in November 1882 that he had drawn a portrait of Jozef Blok (F993), a street bookseller who was sometimes called \\\"Binnenhof's outdoor librarian\\\". The work was detailed in pencil with watercolor and chalk. At this time it was rare for Van Gogh to use color, as he found it difficult to work with. Early works of Vincent van Gogh The early works of Vincent van Gogh compose a group of paintings and drawings that\",\n \"title\": \"Early works of Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15598613\",\n \"text\": \"Outskirts of Paris (Van Gogh) Outskirts of Paris are paintings that Vincent van Gogh made in 1887, while he was living in Paris with his brother Theo. Van Gogh liked to explore the outskirts of Paris, searching for pastoral settings in parks and the wooded areas of the suburbs. His goal was to find scenes that would allow him to explore techniques he learned in Paris. Like many Impressionsits, Van Gogh was concerned about the way in which the landscape and way of life were affected by technical progress and industrialization. He felt the concern back in the Netherlands, which\",\n \"title\": \"Outskirts of Paris (Van Gogh)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14833759\",\n \"text\": \"the single \\\"Pulverturm 2.0\\\" in cooperation with Eniac. It peaked at rank 6 in the Finnish charts. In 2008 he worked together with Thomas Gold and released another hit, a remix of \\\"Silence\\\" by Delerium and Sarah McLachlan. In spring 2009, Niels van Gogh released his new Single \\\"Dreamer\\\" with the leading German dance music label Scream & Shout and also started his own label \\\"Play Me Louder\\\". Niels van Gogh Niels Eiterer (born 1977), also known by his stage name Niels van Gogh, is a German DJ and producer from Augsburg. He is best known for his 1998 single\",\n \"title\": \"Niels van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"447050\",\n \"text\": \"her brother. Willem remembered visiting Rotterdam when he was about 12, when an uncle tried to persuade Sien to marry to legitimise the child. He believed Van Gogh was his father, but the timing of his birth makes this unlikely. Sien drowned herself in the River Scheldt in 1904. In September 1883, Van Gogh moved to Drenthe in the northern Netherlands. In December, driven by loneliness, he went to live with his parents, then in Nuenen, North Brabant. In Nuenen, Van Gogh focused on painting and drawing. Working outside and very quickly, he completed sketches and paintings of weavers and\",\n \"title\": \"Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8501549\",\n \"text\": \"Copies by Vincent van Gogh Copies by Vincent van Gogh form an important group of paintings executed by Vincent van Gogh between 1887 and early 1890. While at Saint-Paul asylum in Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, France, where Van Gogh admitted himself, he strived to have subjects during the cold winter months. Seeking to be reinvigorated artistically, Van Gogh did more than 30 copies of works by some of his favorite artists. About twenty-one of the works were copies after, or inspired by, Jean-François Millet. Rather than replicate, Van Gogh sought to translate the subjects and composition through his perspective, color, and technique. Spiritual\",\n \"title\": \"Copies by Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15612886\",\n \"text\": \"such was lionised by the van Gogh family. At the time, he was busy with his massive \\\"Fishing Boat on the Beach\\\" that he was preparing for the next year's Salon, but he nevertheless found time for van Gogh to advise him on his drawings, inviting him to return in a few months time to review progress. After a last, humiliating effort to win Kee over, an episode that severely rocked his religious faith, van Gogh returned to his parents' home in Etten in late 1881. On Christmas Day that year, he refused to attend church, provoking a violent quarrel\",\n \"title\": \"Sien (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"447114\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"View of Arles, Flowering Orchards\\\". Van Gogh was enthralled by the landscape and vegetation of the south of France, and often visited the farm gardens near Arles. In the vivid light of the Mediterranean climate his palette significantly brightened. Van Gogh made several painting excursions during visits to the landscape around Arles. He made paintings of harvests, wheat fields and other rural landmarks of the area, including \\\"The Old Mill\\\" (1888); a good example of a picturesque structure bordering the wheat fields beyond. At various points, Van Gogh painted the view from his window – at The Hague, Antwerp, and\",\n \"title\": \"Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15612892\",\n \"text\": \"his brother and supporter Theo, opposed the relationship and his hope for continued support was doubtful. In June 1882, van Gogh was hospitalized for gonorrhea. Disobeying doctor's orders, he left the hospital July 1 to visit Sien in Leiden, where she had just given birth to a baby boy. Van Gogh moved to a larger studio next door with Sien and her two children. Sien required an extended period of recovery from a difficult pregnancy and delivery. The baby boy, though, seemed to bring much happiness to van Gogh. He explained that while he endeavored to go deeper as an\",\n \"title\": \"Sien (Van Gogh series)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15596815\",\n \"text\": \"Early works of Vincent van Gogh The early works of Vincent van Gogh compose a group of paintings and drawings that Vincent van Gogh made when he was 27 and 28, in 1881 and 1882, his first two years of serious artistic exploration. Over the course of the two-year period Van Gogh lived in several places. He left Brussels, where he had studied for about a year in 1881, to return to his parent's home in Etten (North Brabant), where he made studies of some of the residents of the town. In January 1882 Van Gogh went to The Hague\",\n \"title\": \"Early works of Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12485776\",\n \"text\": \"The Passion of Vincent van Gogh The Passion of Vincent van Gogh is an opera in three acts and eighteen scenes by composer Christopher Yavelow. The opera was commissioned by the National Endowment for the Arts and composed at the Camargo Foundation in 1983 during a Camargo Fellowship in Cassis, France. The English libretto by the composer is taken from the letters of Vincent van Gogh (with permission from the Vincent van Gogh Foundation), Paul Gauguin's journal, and additional official documents relating to Vincent van Gogh. Each line is footnoted in the score and libretto. A German translation by Monique\",\n \"title\": \"The Passion of Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8501553\",\n \"text\": \"it is unknown whether or not this was Van Gogh's intention. Émile Bernard, an artist and Catholic mystic, was a close personal friend to Van Gogh. Bernard influenced Van Gogh artistically several ways. Bernard outlined figures in black, replicating the look of religious woodcut images of the Middle Ages. This resulted in a flattened, more primitive work. Van Gogh's \\\"Crows over the Wheatfield\\\" is one example of how Bernard's simplified form influenced his work. Bernard also taught Van Gogh about how to manipulate perspective in his work. Just as Van Gogh used color to express emotion, he used distortion of\",\n \"title\": \"Copies by Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7901158\",\n \"text\": \"Gauguin's \\\"Bathers\\\" to Steven A. Cohen for more than $100 million. \\\"Two Young Girls\\\", also called \\\"Two Children\\\" is owned by Musée d'Orsay, Paris. Another version of \\\"Two Children\\\" is part of a private collection (F784). See also Paintings of Children (Van Gogh series). The \\\"Young Man with Cornflower\\\" was made in June 1890 in Auvers. See also Paintings of Children (Van Gogh series). Portraits by Vincent van Gogh Vincent van Gogh lived during the Impressionist era. With the development of photography, painters and artists turned to conveying the feeling and ideas behind people, places, and things rather than trying\",\n \"title\": \"Portraits by Vincent van Gogh\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1365402\",\n \"text\": \"was transferred to the state-initiated Vincent van Gogh Foundation in 1962. Design for a Van Gogh Museum was commissioned by the Dutch government in 1963 to Dutch architect and furniture designer Gerrit Rietveld. Rietveld died a year later, and the building was not completed until 1973, when the museum opened its doors. In 1998 and 1999, the building was renovated by the Dutch architect Martien van Goor and an exhibition wing by the Japanese modernist architect Kisho Kurokawa was added. Starting in late 2012, the museum was closed for renovations for six months. During this period, 75 works from the\",\n \"title\": \"Van Gogh Museum\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4018253\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"06/05\\\", was a fictionalized exploration of the assassination of Dutch politician Pim Fortuyn (1948–2002). It was released posthumously in December 2004, a month following van Gogh's assassination. Theo van Gogh was born on 23 July 1957 in The Hague, Netherlands, to Anneke and Johan van Gogh. His father served in the Dutch secret service ('AIVD', then called 'BVD'). He was named after his paternal uncle Theo, who was captured and executed while working as a resistance fighter during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands during World War II. Theo van Gogh was a great-grandson of Theo van Gogh, art dealer\",\n \"title\": \"Theo van Gogh (film director)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20843832\",\n \"text\": \"in the possession of his widow, Johanna van Gogh-Bonger, and then their son, William Vincent van Gogh. The portrait is now on permanent loan to Amsterdam's Van Gogh Museum. Russell's portrait is unique among those of Van Gogh in that it is the only one by his contemporaries in which he makes direct eye contact with the viewer. Noting Van Gogh's sharp gaze, art critic Laura Cumming said Russell's portrait provides an \\\"intimate and intense\\\" encounter with the artist. In his 1939 autobiography, Hartrick called the portrait \\\"an admirable likeness, more so than any of those by [Van Gogh] or\",\n \"title\": \"Vincent van Gogh (Russell painting)\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["painter"],"string":"[\n \"painter\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":587,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"where did jane goodall go to school?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"8983079","text":"the fragile biosphere. Goodall was interested in animals from her youth; this prompted noted anthropologist Louis Leakey to hire her as his assistant/secretary. He invited her to accompany him and his wife, Mary Leakey, to dig at Olduvai Gorge. Eventually he asked Jane to study the chimpanzees of Gombe Stream National Park (then known as Gombe Stream Chimpanzee Reserve). She arrived at Gombe in July, 1960. Leakey arranged for Goodall to return to the UK where she earned a doctorate in ethology from the University of Cambridge in 1964. Along with Dian Fossey, famous for living with gorillas, and Biruté","title":"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong)"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8983079\",\n \"text\": \"the fragile biosphere. Goodall was interested in animals from her youth; this prompted noted anthropologist Louis Leakey to hire her as his assistant/secretary. He invited her to accompany him and his wife, Mary Leakey, to dig at Olduvai Gorge. Eventually he asked Jane to study the chimpanzees of Gombe Stream National Park (then known as Gombe Stream Chimpanzee Reserve). She arrived at Gombe in July, 1960. Leakey arranged for Goodall to return to the UK where she earned a doctorate in ethology from the University of Cambridge in 1964. Along with Dian Fossey, famous for living with gorillas, and Biruté\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong)\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"8817523","text":"Jane Goodall Environmental Middle School Jane Goodall Environmental Middle School (JGEMS) is a public charter school serving grades six through eight that focuses on environmental science and community service. It is housed in the same building as the Oregon School for the Deaf in Salem, Oregon, and is named after English primatologist Jane Goodall. It is part of the Salem-Keizer School District. \"The Jane Goodall Environmental Middle School will provide an engaging and meaningful focus for students to achieve Oregon academic standards. Through partnerships with community and governmental organizations, an integrated curriculum design and an emphasis on field-based projects, students","title":"Jane Goodall Environmental Middle School"},{"psg_id":"560231","text":"than 40 films: Jane Goodall Dame Jane Morris Goodall (; born Valerie Jane Morris-Goodall, 3 April 1934), formerly Baroness Jane van Lawick-Goodall, is an English primatologist and anthropologist. Considered to be the world's foremost expert on chimpanzees, Goodall is best known for her over 55-year study of social and family interactions of wild chimpanzees since she first went to Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania in 1960. She is the founder of the Jane Goodall Institute and the Roots & Shoots programme, and she has worked extensively on conservation and animal welfare issues. She has served on the board of the","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"560200","text":"Jane Goodall Dame Jane Morris Goodall (; born Valerie Jane Morris-Goodall, 3 April 1934), formerly Baroness Jane van Lawick-Goodall, is an English primatologist and anthropologist. Considered to be the world's foremost expert on chimpanzees, Goodall is best known for her over 55-year study of social and family interactions of wild chimpanzees since she first went to Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania in 1960. She is the founder of the Jane Goodall Institute and the Roots & Shoots programme, and she has worked extensively on conservation and animal welfare issues. She has served on the board of the Nonhuman Rights Project","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"8817525","text":"variety of field studies. Projects are endangered species project, Oregon silverspot butterfly, reed canary grass suppression, frog deformities, amphibian monitoring, indefinite maintenance at Pringle Creek, macroinvertebrates census, Aumsville pond restoration, Little Pudding River restoration, forest fire severity, monitoring the movement of the heavy wood debris by tides and high water events at Siletz Bay National Wildlife Refuge, forest ecology at Opal Creek Education Center, and research on the snowy plover. As of the 2011–12 school year, all the endangered species are at the Oregon Zoo. Jane Goodall Environmental Middle School Jane Goodall Environmental Middle School (JGEMS) is a public charter","title":"Jane Goodall Environmental Middle School"},{"psg_id":"8923334","text":"sustainable production techniques that increase incomes while protecting forests and watersheds. Jane Goodall Institute The Jane Goodall Institute (JGI) is a global wildlife and environment conservation organization headquartered in Vienna, Virginia. It was founded in 1977 by English primatologist Jane Goodall. The institute has offices in more than twenty-five countries around the world. JGI works to protect chimpanzees and other primates by supporting sanctuaries, law enforcement efforts to reduce illegal trafficking, and public education to protect endangered species in the wild. JGI achieves this through community-centered health projects, improvements to water supplies, and programs designed to keep girls in school.","title":"Jane Goodall Institute"},{"psg_id":"8923333","text":"Jane Goodall Institute The Jane Goodall Institute (JGI) is a global wildlife and environment conservation organization headquartered in Vienna, Virginia. It was founded in 1977 by English primatologist Jane Goodall. The institute has offices in more than twenty-five countries around the world. JGI works to protect chimpanzees and other primates by supporting sanctuaries, law enforcement efforts to reduce illegal trafficking, and public education to protect endangered species in the wild. JGI achieves this through community-centered health projects, improvements to water supplies, and programs designed to keep girls in school. JGI does this through improved agricultural practices, community-managed microcredit programs, and","title":"Jane Goodall Institute"},{"psg_id":"560228","text":"sales of a shirt featuring this cartoon go to the Jane Goodall Institute. Goodall wrote a preface to \"The Far Side Gallery 5\", detailing her version of the controversy, and the Institute's letter was included next to the cartoon in the complete \"Far Side\" collection. She praised Larson's creative ideas, which often compare and contrast the behaviour of humans and animals. In 1988, when Larson visited Gombe he was attacked by a chimpanzee named Frodo. Goodall has received many honours for her environmental and humanitarian work, as well as others. She was named a Dame Commander of the of the","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"560227","text":"One of Gary Larson's \"Far Side\" cartoons shows two chimpanzees grooming. One finds a blonde human hair on the other and inquires, \"Conducting a little more 'research' with that Jane Goodall tramp?\" Goodall herself was in Africa at the time, and the Jane Goodall Institute thought this was in bad taste, and had their lawyers draft a letter to Larson and his distribution syndicate, in which they described the cartoon as an \"atrocity.\" They were stymied by Goodall herself when she returned and saw the cartoon, as she stated that she found the cartoon amusing. Since then, all profits from","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"8983068","text":"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong) The Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong) (), founded in 2002, was established as a local registered charity involved in the promotion of the well-being of the community, animals and environment. The Jane Goodall Institute Hong Kong is one of the Asian branches of the Jane Goodall Institute which was founded in 1977 in California by Jane Goodall and Genevieve, Princess di San Faustino. With its headquarters in the US, the Jane Goodall Institute is a worldwide non-profit organization with 17 overseas offices. The objectives of the Institute are: The Jane Goodall Institute's official statement of","title":"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong)"},{"psg_id":"560215","text":"Jane's home in Dar es Salaam in the mid-1990s, the Jane Goodall Institute's Center for Primate Studies was created at the University of Minnesota to house and organise this data. Currently all of the original Jane Goodall archives reside there and have been digitised and analysed and placed in an online database. On 17 March 2011, Duke University spokesman Karl Bates announced that the archives will move to Duke, with Anne E. Pusey, Duke's chairman of evolutionary anthropology, overseeing the collection. Pusey, who managed the archives in Minnesota and worked with Goodall in Tanzania, had worked at Duke for a","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"8983069","text":"their mission: \"The Jane Goodall Institute advances the power of individuals to take informed and compassionate action to improve the environment of all living things.\" The Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong) depends on supports in the forms of donations, sponsorship, collaboration partnership. However, the Institute declines to reveal specifically the individuals or organisations which have contributed to the funding. In terms of mission, the Jane Goodall Institute has perhaps the most similar to that of WWF Hong Kong, as both organisations feature balanced focus on the environment and animals. While the Jane Goodall Institute is more inclined to the conservation","title":"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong)"},{"psg_id":"8983083","text":"the animals she studied, instead of assigning each a number. This numbering was a nearly universal practice at the time, and thought to be important in the removal of one's self from the potential for emotional attachment to the subject being studied. Among those that Goodall named during her first years in Gombe were: Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong) The Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong) (), founded in 2002, was established as a local registered charity involved in the promotion of the well-being of the community, animals and environment. The Jane Goodall Institute Hong Kong is one of the Asian","title":"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong)"},{"psg_id":"560213","text":"and thought to be important in the removal of one's self from the potential for emotional attachment to the subject being studied. Setting herself apart from other researchers also led her to develop a close bond with the chimpanzees and to become, to this day, the only human ever accepted into chimpanzee society. She was the lowest ranking member of a troop for a period of 22 months. Among those whom Goodall named during her years in Gombe were: In 1977, Goodall established the Jane Goodall Institute (JGI), which supports the Gombe research, and she is a global leader in","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"560230","text":"honours, and awards from local governments, schools, institutions, and charities around the world. Goodall is honoured by The Walt Disney Company with a plaque on the Tree of Life at Walt Disney World's Animal Kingdom theme park, alongside a carving of her beloved David Greybeard, the original chimpanzee which approached Goodall during her first year at Gombe. In 2010, Dave Matthews and Tim Reynolds held a benefit concert at DAR Constitution Hall in Washington DC to commemorate Gombe 50: a global celebration of Jane Goodall's pioneering chimpanzee research and inspiring vision for our future. Goodall is the subject of more","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"8983070","text":"of primates and other animals, Green Power focuses primarily on butterfly research and conservation, especially in the upcoming years. The objectives of Greenpeace are more general by comparison, as they aim to stop the climate change and to eliminate toxic chemicals. They put less emphasis on animal conservation, setting themselves apart from the Jane Goodall Institute. The Animals Asia Foundation has the most straightforward objective, as it aims to conserve animals exclusively. On the other hand, Green Power and the Jane Goodall Institute stress more on environmental education. Both organisations have set up the educational units Green School and Roots","title":"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong)"},{"psg_id":"560201","text":"since its founding in 1996. In April 2002, she was named a UN Messenger of Peace. Valerie Jane Morris-Goodall was born in 1934 in Hampstead, to businessman Mortimer Herbert Morris-Goodall (1907–2001) and Margaret Myfanwe Joseph (1906–2000), a novelist from Milford Haven, Pembrokeshire who wrote under the name Vanne Morris-Goodall. As a child, as an alternative to a teddy bear, Goodall's father gave her a stuffed chimpanzee named Jubilee, and she has said her fondness for this figure started her early love of animals, commenting that \"My mother's friends were horrified by this toy, thinking it would frighten me and give","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"13279845","text":"\"there is a perceptible poignancy and longing weaved throughout Jenkins' arrangements. The opener \"Where Did Everyone Go?\" possesses a solitude accentuated by responsive instrumentation that supports, yet never intrudes. Cole's practically conversational delivery of pop standards...become musical soliloquies with the score as a sonic subtext.\" Where Did Everyone Go? Where Did Everyone Go? is a 1963 studio album by Nat King Cole, arranged by Gordon Jenkins. This was the third and final album that Cole and Jenkins recorded together, following \"Love Is the Thing\" (1957) and \"The Very Thought of You\" (1958). The initial \"Billboard\" review from April 13, 1963","title":"Where Did Everyone Go?"},{"psg_id":"13279844","text":"Where Did Everyone Go? Where Did Everyone Go? is a 1963 studio album by Nat King Cole, arranged by Gordon Jenkins. This was the third and final album that Cole and Jenkins recorded together, following \"Love Is the Thing\" (1957) and \"The Very Thought of You\" (1958). The initial \"Billboard\" review from April 13, 1963 commented that \"Here he is in a superb collection of ballad tunes, many of them in a lonesome, blue mood, with standout backing provided by Gordon Jenkins...Great mood wax for buyers and spinners\". The Allmusic review of \"Where Did Everyone Go?\" by Lindsay Planer said","title":"Where Did Everyone Go?"},{"psg_id":"11939649","text":"in 1971. The single did not make the charts. Lee performed songs from this album, including \"Where Did They Go\" and \"My Sweet Lord,\" during her June 1971 engagement at The Frontier Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada. After completing work on \"Where Did They Go\", Peggy Lee did not return to the recording studio again until nearly a year later, when she began recording \"Norma Deloris Egstrom from Jamestown, North Dakota\" in April 1972. This album was released on 8-track, along with LP. Where Did They Go (album) Where Did They Go is a 1971 album by Peggy Lee. It","title":"Where Did They Go (album)"},{"psg_id":"8983071","text":"and Shoots, respectively. Furthermore, the Jane Goodall Institute, Greenpeace and WWF are global organisations, whereas Greenpower and Animals Asia Foundation are Hong Kong-based. Roots & Shoots is the global conservation and education programme founded by Dr. Jane Goodall, which serves as the core programme of Jane Goodall Institute. It is the agenda of the programme to implement positive changes through education. Its objectives are to interact with the environment, to demonstrate care and compassion for animals and all lifeforms, to establish a better understanding among different cultures, ethnic groups, religions, socio-economic classes and nations. It also aims to assist young","title":"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong)"},{"psg_id":"11939648","text":"Where Did They Go (album) Where Did They Go is a 1971 album by Peggy Lee. It was arranged and conducted by Don Sebesky and Al Capps. The recording sessions for this album took place at the Capitol Tower in Hollywood, California. \"Where Did They Go\" was Peggy Lee's first album not to make the \"Billboard\" 200 chart since her Grammy-winning hit \"Is That All There Is?\" in 1969. Burt Bacharach and Hal David wrote the song \"My Rock And Foundation\" specifically for Lee. Capitol Records released \"Where Did They Go\" (backed by \"All I Want\") as a 45\" single","title":"Where Did They Go (album)"},{"psg_id":"15358177","text":"Where Did Our Love Go \"Where Did Our Love Go\" is a 1964 song recorded by American music group the Supremes for the Motown label. Written and produced by Motown's main production team Holland–Dozier–Holland, \"Where Did Our Love Go\" was the first single by the Supremes to go to the number-one position on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 pop singles chart in the United States, a position it held for two weeks, from August 16 to August 29, 1964. It was also the first of five Supremes songs in a row to reach number one (the others being \"Baby Love\", \"Come","title":"Where Did Our Love Go"},{"psg_id":"15358184","text":"in Vietnam, and foreseeing the end of the early optimism of the 1960s. Where Did Our Love Go \"Where Did Our Love Go\" is a 1964 song recorded by American music group the Supremes for the Motown label. Written and produced by Motown's main production team Holland–Dozier–Holland, \"Where Did Our Love Go\" was the first single by the Supremes to go to the number-one position on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 pop singles chart in the United States, a position it held for two weeks, from August 16 to August 29, 1964. It was also the first of five Supremes songs","title":"Where Did Our Love Go"},{"psg_id":"560205","text":"study at the Gombe Reserve. Goodall has been married twice. On 28 March 1964, she married a Dutch nobleman, wildlife photographer Baron Hugo van Lawick, at Chelsea Old Church, London, and became known during their marriage as Baroness Jane van Lawick-Goodall. The couple had a son, Hugo Eric Louis (born 1967); they divorced in 1974. The following year, she married Derek Bryceson (a member of Tanzania's parliament and the director of that country's national parks); he died of cancer in October 1980. With his position in the Tanzanian government as head of the country's national park system, Bryceson was able","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"11903014","text":"Where Did Your Heart Go? \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\" is a song written by American musicians David Was and Don Was. The song was first recorded and released by the writers' disco-dance-rock band Was (Not Was) as a single in the UK as a double A-side with \"Wheel Me Out\" in September 1981. The single did not chart. It was featured as the second track on the band's début album \"Was (Not Was)\" in August 1981. French editions of the single included the track \"It's an Attack!\" as the B-side. A live recording of \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\"","title":"Where Did Your Heart Go?"},{"psg_id":"18295773","text":"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go Haiti: Where Did the Money Go? is a 2012 Film at Eleven Media production that was produced, written and directed by Michele Mitchell. Shot in the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, the documentary looks at what really happens with the money donated to help with disaster aid. \"Haiti: Where Did The Money Go?\" aired on PBS and won the 2013 Edward R. Murrow Award for News Documentary. \"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go\" seeks to discover where the funds raised for the relief effort after the 2010 earthquake in Haiti really went. Taking","title":"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go"},{"psg_id":"18295781","text":"Best Investigative Documentary •2013 Edward R. Murrow Award for News Documentary •2013 Women's International Film Festival Best Documentary Short Haiti: Where Did the Money Go Haiti: Where Did the Money Go? is a 2012 Film at Eleven Media production that was produced, written and directed by Michele Mitchell. Shot in the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, the documentary looks at what really happens with the money donated to help with disaster aid. \"Haiti: Where Did The Money Go?\" aired on PBS and won the 2013 Edward R. Murrow Award for News Documentary. \"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go\" seeks","title":"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go"},{"psg_id":"8983080","text":"Galdikas, who advanced studies in orangutans, Goodall was one of three women Louis Leakey called The Trimates, recently dubbed by some as \"Leakey's Angels\". Goodall is best known for her study of chimpanzee social and family life. In 1977, Goodall established the Jane Goodall Institute (JGI), which supports the Gombe research and is a global leader in the effort to protect chimpanzees and their habitats. With 19 offices around the world, the Institute is widely recognized for innovative, community-centered conservation and development programs in Africa and a global youth program, Roots & Shoots, which currently has over 8,000 groups in","title":"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong)"},{"psg_id":"560203","text":"indications of the behaviour of early hominids, was looking for a chimpanzee researcher, though he kept the idea to himself. Instead, he proposed that Goodall work for him as a secretary. After obtaining approval from his wife Mary Leakey, Louis sent Goodall to Olduvai Gorge in Tanganyika (present-day Tanzania), where he laid out his plans. In 1958, Leakey sent Goodall to London to study primate behaviour with Osman Hill and primate anatomy with John Napier. Leakey raised funds, and on 14 July 1960, Goodall went to Gombe Stream National Park, becoming the first of what would come to be called","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"11903016","text":"\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\" was also included on \"The Final\" and \"Music from the Edge of Heaven\" albums. George Michael's arrangement of \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\" is relatively faithful to the original Was (Not Was) version making only subtle changes to the song's instrumentation and structure. Michael alters the song by dropping the opening chorus in favour of an instrumental introduction of the chorus melody. The subdued ending is protracted in the Wham! recording, where the Was (Not Was) original quickly fades out after the completion of the final chorus; Michael's arrangement continues for an additional half a","title":"Where Did Your Heart Go?"},{"psg_id":"11903018","text":"video for the Wham! version of the song was directed by George Michael and Andy Morahan. Where Did Your Heart Go? \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\" is a song written by American musicians David Was and Don Was. The song was first recorded and released by the writers' disco-dance-rock band Was (Not Was) as a single in the UK as a double A-side with \"Wheel Me Out\" in September 1981. The single did not chart. It was featured as the second track on the band's début album \"Was (Not Was)\" in August 1981. French editions of the single included the","title":"Where Did Your Heart Go?"},{"psg_id":"6114571","text":"on December 29, 1964. It was equivalent to Motown 25 or Live Aid as a pivotal music concert event . When it hit theaters nationwide, it undoubtedly raised and extended the visibility of the \"Where Did Our Love Go\" album. All tracks written by Holland–Dozier–Holland except as noted. The original album sold a million copies {in 1964-1965} stateside alone. The limited exclusive \"40th Anniversary\" version is now listed as \"sold out\". It remains, to date, their third best-selling studio album. Where Did Our Love Go (album) Where Did Our Love Go is the second studio album by Motown singing group","title":"Where Did Our Love Go (album)"},{"psg_id":"560220","text":"also because of the shocking ongoing cruelty perpetuated on millions of sentient beings.\" In 2012, Goodall took on the role of challenger for the Engage in Conservation Challenge with the DO School, formerly known as the D&F Academy. She worked with a group of aspiring social entrepreneurs to create a workshop to engage young people in conserving biodiversity, and to tackle a perceived global lack of awareness of the issue. In 2014, Goodall wrote to Air France executives criticizing the airline's continued transport of monkeys to laboratories. Goodall called the practice \"cruel\" and \"traumatic\" for the monkeys involved. The same","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"6114568","text":"Where Did Our Love Go (album) Where Did Our Love Go is the second studio album by Motown singing group The Supremes, released in 1964. The album includes several of the group's singles and B-sides from 1963 and 1964. Included are the group's first Billboard Pop Singles number-one hits, \"Where Did Our Love Go\", \"Baby Love\", and \"Come See About Me\", as well as their first Top 40 hit, \"When the Lovelight Starts Shining Through His Eyes\", and the singles \"A Breathtaking Guy\" and \"Run, Run, Run\". With the release of this album, The Supremes became the first act in","title":"Where Did Our Love Go (album)"},{"psg_id":"8983078","text":"founder of the Jane Goodall Institute, was born in London, England on April 3, 1934. As a child she was given a lifelike chimpanzee toy named Jubilee by her father, although friends believed it would scare her. Today, the toy still sits on her dresser in London. After the divorce of her parents when Goodall was only 12, she moved with her mother to Bournemouth. It was while in Bournemouth that Goodall first met up with distinguished wildlife authority Sir David Attenborough, who taught her the importance of the higher order primates, and impressed upon her the need to defend","title":"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong)"},{"psg_id":"13579887","text":"her 1992 album \"Entre a Mi Mundo\". Where Did the Feeling Go? \"Where Did the Feeling Go?\" is a song written by Michael Masser and Norman Saleet and first recorded by American singer Jill Michaels in 1985, and then by Russell Hitchcock (from the band Air Supply) for his eponymous debut solo album in 1988. The song found renewed interest when Selena recorded the song a year later in 1989; however, it was not released until 1997 when it was featured in the film \"Selena\" and its soundtrack album, following her death in 1995. The song was later included on","title":"Where Did the Feeling Go?"},{"psg_id":"13579886","text":"Where Did the Feeling Go? \"Where Did the Feeling Go?\" is a song written by Michael Masser and Norman Saleet and first recorded by American singer Jill Michaels in 1985, and then by Russell Hitchcock (from the band Air Supply) for his eponymous debut solo album in 1988. The song found renewed interest when Selena recorded the song a year later in 1989; however, it was not released until 1997 when it was featured in the film \"Selena\" and its soundtrack album, following her death in 1995. The song was later included on the \"20 Years of Music\" version of","title":"Where Did the Feeling Go?"},{"psg_id":"11690819","text":"released as a radio-single in the United States, where the song received airplay but failed to chart due in part to no official release. The video features Liam being interviewed whilst Noel sings whilst reading a newspaper and looking at what is going on in the building opposite where he and the band are. Where Did It All Go Wrong? \"Where Did It All Go Wrong?\" is a song and single by the English rock band Oasis, originally released on their 2000 album, \"Standing on the Shoulder of Giants\". Written by guitarist Noel Gallagher, it is one of two songs","title":"Where Did It All Go Wrong?"},{"psg_id":"560218","text":"of creatures who have been treated so with little respect and kindness just to make more meat.\" In April 2008, Goodall gave a lecture entitled \"Reason for Hope\" at the University of San Diego's Joan B. Kroc Institute for Peace & Justice Distinguished Lecture Series. In May 2008, Goodall controversially described Edinburgh Zoo's new primate enclosure as a \"wonderful facility\" where monkeys \"are probably better off [than those] living in the wild in an area like Budongo, where one in six gets caught in a wire snare, and countries like Congo, where chimpanzees, monkeys and gorillas are shot for food","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"13579999","text":"this single did prove popular on the radio. Where Did All the Love Go? \"Where Did All the Love Go?\" is a song by English rock band Kasabian and is the second official single from their third album \"West Ryder Pauper Lunatic Asylum\". It was released on 10 August 2009. Guitarist Sergio Pizzorno explained the song's meaning to \"New Musical Express\" stating that \"It's sitting at home seeing another kid get stabbed, everyone is scared and going, 'What the fuck is going on?\" The song also speaks about the Internet, with Pizzorno elaborating in an interview with \"The Sun\" that","title":"Where Did All the Love Go?"},{"psg_id":"560223","text":"believe that the use of feeding stations to attract Gombe chimpanzees has altered normal foraging and feeding patterns and social relationships. This argument is the focus of a book published by Margaret Power in 1991. It has been suggested that higher levels of aggression and conflict with other chimpanzee groups in the area were due to the feeding, which could have created the \"wars\" between chimpanzee social groups described by Goodall, aspects of which she did not witness in the years before artificial feeding began at Gombe. Thus, some regard Goodall's observations as distortions of normal chimpanzee behaviour. Goodall herself","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"11690817","text":"Where Did It All Go Wrong? \"Where Did It All Go Wrong?\" is a song and single by the English rock band Oasis, originally released on their 2000 album, \"Standing on the Shoulder of Giants\". Written by guitarist Noel Gallagher, it is one of two songs on \"Standing on the Shoulder of Giants\" that features him on lead vocals. In explaining why front man Liam Gallagher did not sing the song, Noel claimed that: \"[Vocally] Liam just couldn't get that one. The melody shifts quite a lot... Liam hasn't got that dynamism in his voice.\" Noel stated that the song's","title":"Where Did It All Go Wrong?"},{"psg_id":"560224","text":"acknowledged that feeding contributed to aggression within and between groups, but maintained that the effect was limited to alteration of the intensity and not the nature of chimpanzee conflict, and further suggested that feeding was necessary for the study to be effective at all. Craig Stanford of the Jane Goodall Research Institute at the University of Southern California states that researchers conducting studies with no artificial provisioning have a difficult time viewing any social behaviour of chimpanzees, especially those related to inter-group conflict. Some recent studies, such as those by Crickette Sanz in the Goualougo Triangle (Congo) and Christophe Boesch","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"8983077","text":"ever have... Miracles happen when a bunch of good guys get together like we did.”—ZeeZee, Member, Shanghai Roots & Shoots “It is thrilling for our group to know that by belonging to Roots & Shoots, we are connected to the rest of the world. Our actions have a direct impact in solving problems…Middle-class, suburban American families are very busy these days with work and raising kids. Parents want positive activities for their kids and being able to perform service projects together as a family is very special.”—Wanda Leopold, Leader of Family Group, Mt. Prospect, Illinois Jane Goodall, PhD, DBE, the","title":"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong)"},{"psg_id":"9037004","text":"are mixed without hi-hat. In 1992 when the Original cast CD was released, the hi-hat was suddenly apparent in the recording. It is most likely that the hi-hat was always present in the mix, but just not loud enough to be heard. It was probably boosted in the remix and subsequent remastering. Where Did the Good Times Go? \"Where Did the Good Times Go?\" is, what is popularly termed, the \"big ballad\" or \"11 o'clock number\" from the musical \"Over Here!\", which opened on Broadway at the Shubert Theatre (Broadway) on March 6, 1974. The song is the penultimate moment","title":"Where Did the Good Times Go?"},{"psg_id":"13579997","text":"Where Did All the Love Go? \"Where Did All the Love Go?\" is a song by English rock band Kasabian and is the second official single from their third album \"West Ryder Pauper Lunatic Asylum\". It was released on 10 August 2009. Guitarist Sergio Pizzorno explained the song's meaning to \"New Musical Express\" stating that \"It's sitting at home seeing another kid get stabbed, everyone is scared and going, 'What the fuck is going on?\" The song also speaks about the Internet, with Pizzorno elaborating in an interview with \"The Sun\" that \"Kids today grow up really quickly and there's","title":"Where Did All the Love Go?"},{"psg_id":"9037003","text":"Where Did the Good Times Go? \"Where Did the Good Times Go?\" is, what is popularly termed, the \"big ballad\" or \"11 o'clock number\" from the musical \"Over Here!\", which opened on Broadway at the Shubert Theatre (Broadway) on March 6, 1974. The song is the penultimate moment of drama when all seems lost toward the end of the second act. The song was somewhat successful as a single for Patty Andrews, who debuted the song in the show. The song was written by Robert B. Sherman and Richard M. Sherman. The recording on both the LP and the single","title":"Where Did the Good Times Go?"},{"psg_id":"11903015","text":"was included as a B-side to the 1992 single \"Somewhere in America (There's a Street Named After My Dad)\". \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\" was covered by the British pop duo Wham! on 14 October 1986 as one of the three B-sides to \"The Edge of Heaven\" in the UK, where it reached number 1. The song was also released separately as Wham!'s final single in several territories most notably in the US where it peaked at number 50 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in November 1986. It was produced and re-arranged by George Michael with engineering by Chris Porter.","title":"Where Did Your Heart Go?"},{"psg_id":"560216","text":"year. Today, Goodall devotes virtually all of her time to advocacy on behalf of chimpanzees and the environment, travelling nearly 300 days a year. Goodall is also a board member for the world's largest chimpanzee sanctuary outside of Africa, Save the Chimps in Fort Pierce, Florida. Goodall credits the 1986 \"Understanding Chimpanzees\" conference, hosted by the Chicago Academy of Sciences, with shifting her focus from observation of chimpanzees to a broader and more intense concern with animal-human conservation. She is the former president of Advocates for Animals, an organisation based in Edinburgh, Scotland, that campaigns against the use of animals","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"560217","text":"in medical research, zoos, farming and sport. Goodall is a vegetarian and advocates the diet for ethical, environmental, and health reasons. In \"The Inner World of Farm Animals\", Goodall writes that farm animals are \"far more aware and intelligent than we ever imagined and, despite having been bred as domestic slaves, they are individual beings in their own right. As such, they deserve our respect. And our help. Who will plead for them if we are silent?\" Goodall has also said: \"Thousands of people who say they 'love' animals sit down once or twice a day to enjoy the flesh","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"560206","text":"to protect Goodall's research project and implement an embargo on tourism at Gombe while he was alive. Goodall has expressed fascination with Bigfoot. When asked if she believes in God, Goodall said in September 2010: \"I don't have any idea of who or what God is. But I do believe in some great spiritual power. I feel it particularly when I'm out in nature. It's just something that's bigger and stronger than what I am or what anybody is. I feel it. And it's enough for me.\" Goodall is best known for her study of chimpanzee social and family life.","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"15358181","text":"letter\" formula. Mary Wilson and Florence Ballard's vocal contribution was significant in bringing a fresh yet hypnotic sexiness to the overall sound of the song while remaining true to the backup arrangements that Lamont Dozier had set down. Upon hearing the song's playback, an excited Ross rushed to Gordy's office and told him to come to the studio to listen to the song. Upon hearing playback, a satisfied Gordy nodded saying to the producers and the group that the song had potential to be a top ten hit. \"Where Did Our Love Go\" was released as a single on June","title":"Where Did Our Love Go"},{"psg_id":"11903017","text":"minute. Wham!'s recording of \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\", while structurally similar to the Was (Not Was) original, leans toward to a soft rock ballad due to changes to the tempo and vocal inflection. Michael's arrangement is more spare and reliant on synthesizers and saxophone to convey the melody. Michael's vocals are less immersed in the backing arrangement in which the bass guitar and drums are markedly quieter in the mix. His vocal is more low-key than Sweet Pea Atkinson's, except for the final line of the third verse, \"and drifted out of sight\", which is accentuated. The official music","title":"Where Did Your Heart Go?"},{"psg_id":"15358178","text":"See About Me\", \"Stop! In the Name of Love\", and \"Back in My Arms Again\"). The song also reached number one on the \"Cash Box\" R&B singles chart. The Supremes' version is ranked #475 on \"Rolling Stone\"s 500 Greatest Songs of All Time and was selected for preservation in the National Recording Registry in 2016 due to its \"cultural, historic, or artistic significance.\" \"Billboard\" named the song #4 on its list of 100 Greatest Girl Group Songs of All Time. According to Brian Holland, \"Where Did Our Love Go\" was written with The Supremes in mind. Though Supremes member Mary","title":"Where Did Our Love Go"},{"psg_id":"560219","text":"commercially.\" This was in conflict with Advocates for Animals' position on captive animals. In June 2008, Goodall confirmed that she had resigned the presidency of the organisation which she had held since 1998, citing her busy schedule and explaining, \"I just don't have time for them.\" Goodall is a patron of population concern charity Population Matters, and is currently an ambassador for Disneynature. In 2011, Goodall became a patron of Australian animal protection group Voiceless, the animal protection institute. \"I have for decades been concerned about factory farming, in part because of the tremendous harm inflicted on the environment, but","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"15358183","text":"album, \"Where Did Our Love Go\", released later that year. A German language version of the song was recorded by the Supremes for German-speaking markets overseas. The song seemed to strike a chord in the United States, with a group which would become the most successful chart-topping American popular music group of the 1960s. The first of their American chart toppers, the song peaked just weeks after the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, critically remarked as capturing the spirit of an America reeling from the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, racial tension, increased United States involvement","title":"Where Did Our Love Go"},{"psg_id":"6690438","text":"analyst for the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory in Berkeley. Goodall lived for many years in Berkeley, California, where he did accounting work in the publishing industry. After retiring he moved to the Marinwood area of San Rafael, California, where he became a chess philanthropist, contributing to many chess-related causes. Mike Goodall Kenneth Michael Goodall, better known as Mike Goodall, (born January 13, 1946 in Denver, Colorado; died October 5, 2010 in Marinwood, California) was until his death the most active chess tournament organizer in Northern California. He organized and directed the U.S. Chess Championship in 1975, 1984 and 1986, the U.S.","title":"Mike Goodall"},{"psg_id":"14112583","text":"104. Goodall was born in Edmonton, Middlesex (now London), England on 4 April 1914 to parents Isabel Blanche (née Harlow) and Henry William Goodall. He was educated at Stationers' Company's School and St Paul's School, London, where an interest in chemistry later turned to biology. Goodall completed his Bachelor of Science degree in 1935 followed by a Doctor of Philosophy degree in 1941, both at the Imperial College of Science and Technology, where he was mentored by F. G. Gregory. His PhD research was conducted at East Malling Research Station in Kent on assimilation in the tomato plant. Goodall stated","title":"David Goodall (botanist)"},{"psg_id":"560221","text":"year Goodall also wrote to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to criticize maternal deprivation experiments on baby monkeys in NIH laboratories. Prior to the 2015 UK general election, she was one of several celebrities who endorsed the parliamentary candidacy of the Green Party's Caroline Lucas. Goodall is a critic of fox hunting and was among more than 20 high-profile people who signed a letter to Members of Parliament in 2015 to oppose Conservative prime minister David Cameron's plan to amend the Hunting Act 2004. Some primatologists have suggested flaws in Goodall's methodology which may call into question the validity","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"560222","text":"of her observations. Goodall used unconventional practices in her study, for example, naming individuals instead of numbering them. At the time, numbering was used to prevent emotional attachment and loss of objectivity. Goodall wrote in 1993: \"When, in the early 1960s, I brazenly used such words as 'childhood', 'adolescence', 'motivation', 'excitement', and 'mood' I was much criticised. Even worse was my crime of suggesting that chimpanzees had 'personalities'. I was ascribing human characteristics to nonhuman animals and was thus guilty of that worst of ethological sins -anthropomorphism.\" Many standard methods aim to avoid interference by observers, and in particular some","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"560202","text":"me nightmares.\" Today, Jubilee still sits on Goodall's dresser in London. Goodall has a younger sister, Judith, who shares the same birthday; the two were born four years apart. Goodall had always been passionate about animals and Africa, which brought her to the farm of a friend in the Kenya highlands in 1957. From there, she obtained work as a secretary, and acting on her friend's advice, she telephoned Louis Leakey, the notable Kenyan archaeologist and palaeontologist, with no other thought than to make an appointment to discuss animals. Leakey, believing that the study of existing great apes could provide","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"560210","text":"accept chimpanzees as human!\". In contrast to the peaceful and affectionate behaviours she observed, Goodall also found an aggressive side of chimpanzee nature at Gombe Stream. She discovered that chimps will systematically hunt and eat smaller primates such as colobus monkeys. Goodall watched a hunting group isolate a colobus monkey high in a tree, block all possible exits, then one chimpanzee climbed up and captured and killed the colobus. The others then each took parts of the carcass, sharing with other members of the troop in response to begging behaviours. The chimps at Gombe kill and eat as much as","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"19621057","text":"Strickland Goodall Prof Joseph Strickland Goodall FRSE FRCSE (1874–1934) was a British physician, clinical cardiologist and physiologist. The triennial Strickland Goodall Memorial Lecture is named in his memory, and addresses cardiac issues. He was born in 1874 the son of Joseph Goodall (d.1901), senior surgeon in the Queensland Government Service and his wife Anne Strickland Blaydes (d.1908). He was educated at Harrow School and Eastbourne then studied Medicine at the University of London graduating MB. He did postgraduate study at Edinburgh University and in Paris. He became Professor of Physiology and Biology at the City of London Hospital. In 1910","title":"Strickland Goodall"},{"psg_id":"6114569","text":"\"Billboard\" magazine history to have three number-one hits from the same album. It was the album that introduced \"The Motown Sound\" to the masses. It was also, at the time, the highest-ranking album by an all-female group. It remained in the #2 position for 4 consecutive weeks in January 1965, shut out of the top spot by the Beatles' blockbuster \"Beatles '65\" album. \"Where Did Our Love Go\" remained on the Billboard album chart for an unprecedented 89 weeks. According to Motown data, the album ultimately sold over 3,000,000 copies. This album was also the first ever number one album","title":"Where Did Our Love Go (album)"},{"psg_id":"13579998","text":"too much information. News channels, the internet and social networking sites. People aren't leaving their bedrooms and it's just crazy. The things that make you most happy are quite simple. That song is looking for the romantic image of life, when people looked out for each other.\" According to Serge Pizzorno, the song's music video was inspired by Kenneth Anger's films like Scorpio Rising, Busby Berkeley and French cabaret. Following its release in August 2009, \"Where Did All the Love Go?\" entered the UK Singles Chart at a peak of #30. Although not as successful as the previous single \"\"Fire\"\",","title":"Where Did All the Love Go?"},{"psg_id":"4510663","text":"took turns singing lead.) It was backed, as the original 1965 single had been, with \"He Don't Love You\". Go Go Liza Jane \\ \"Go Go Liza Jane\" was the A-side of the 1968 single released by Atco Records in order to capitalize on the growing success of The Band, who had recorded the track along with two others (\"The Stones I Throw\" and \"He Don't Love You\") in 1965 under the moniker Levon and the Hawks. The song, an upbeat version of the traditional \"Little Liza Jane\", demonstrated, three years before their debut LP, the way in which the","title":"Go Go Liza Jane"},{"psg_id":"4510662","text":"Go Go Liza Jane \\ \"Go Go Liza Jane\" was the A-side of the 1968 single released by Atco Records in order to capitalize on the growing success of The Band, who had recorded the track along with two others (\"The Stones I Throw\" and \"He Don't Love You\") in 1965 under the moniker Levon and the Hawks. The song, an upbeat version of the traditional \"Little Liza Jane\", demonstrated, three years before their debut LP, the way in which the voices of the singers in The Band, Rick Danko, Richard Manuel and Levon Helm, meshed so brilliantly. (Each also","title":"Go Go Liza Jane"},{"psg_id":"6114570","text":"on Billboard's R&B album chart in January 1965. Hip-O Select released a limited run fortieth anniversary deluxe edition of the album in 2004, which included both the mono and stereo versions of the album, as well as several outtakes, non-album tracks and a recorded live show from the Twenty Grand club in Detroit, Michigan. It sold out immediately. (see: Hip-O Select.com) They filmed performances of four of the singles from the album including \"Run, Run, Run\", \"When the Lovelight Starts Shining Through His Eyes\", \"Where Did Our Love Go\" and \"Baby Love\" for the concert film, \"The T.A.M.I. Show\" released","title":"Where Did Our Love Go (album)"},{"psg_id":"19313349","text":"5th Dimension recorded \"Go Where You Wanna Go\" for their debut studio album in 1967, \"Up, Up and Away\". Johnny Rivers suggested the group cover the song. The song was the group's first single, and reached number 16 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. It also did well in Canada. It is among the group's 10 biggest hits. Go Where You Wanna Go \"Go Where You Wanna Go\" is a 1965 song written by John Phillips. It was originally recorded by The Mamas & the Papas on their LP \"If You Can Believe Your Eyes and Ears\" and given limited","title":"Go Where You Wanna Go"},{"psg_id":"11205037","text":"Where Angels Go, Trouble Follows Where Angels Go, Trouble Follows is a 1968 American comedy film directed by James Neilson and starring Rosalind Russell, Stella Stevens, and Binnie Barnes. Written by Blanche Hanalis, (who would go on to develop \"Little House on the Prairie\" five years later), the film is based on a story by Jane Trahey about an old-line Mother Superior who is challenged by a modern young nun when they take the girls of St. Francis Academy on a bus trip across the United States. Released on April 10, 1968, \"Where Angels Go, Trouble Follows\" is a sequel","title":"Where Angels Go, Trouble Follows"},{"psg_id":"19298300","text":"Marion C. Goodall Marion C. Goodall (Marland), was born May 24, 1875 in Sanford, Maine, the daughter of Goodall mills business mogul George Goodall and his wife Henrietta D. Goodall. Marion Goodall was a wife, mother, and philanthropist throughout her life, providing financial donations and her time to multiple projects until her passing on December 16, 1958. Marion Goodall was born May 24, 1875 to Henrietta D. (Bennett) Goodall and George Goodall. She was the couple’s only child and began her life in their family home on School Street in Sanford, Maine. Fabric Mogul George Goodall allowed Marion to thrive","title":"Marion C. Goodall"},{"psg_id":"13459612","text":"disco progenitors Jean-Marc Cerrone and Giorgio Moroder. \"Where You Go I Go Too\" is often classified as \"space disco\" due to these influences and because it possesses a \"spacey, psychedelic\" sound. Lindstrøm listened to the Beach Boys, the Eagles, and Kirsty MacColl while writing the album. \"Where You Go I Go Too\" debuted at No. 11 on the Norwegian music chart. The following week it fell to No. 27 before leaving the list. The record did not chart internationally. In 2009, \"Where You Go I Go Too\" received a Spellemannprisen award for \"best electronica album\". The album was well received","title":"Where You Go I Go Too"},{"psg_id":"18759706","text":"Fabian Goodall Fabian Goodall (born 13 December 1994) is an Australian,Fijian professional footballer who is currently playing for the Western Rams in the Intrust Super Cup. Goodall is a Fiji representative. Born in Sydney, New South Wales, Goodall is of Fijian descent. Goodall played his junior football for the Wentworthville Magpies and attended The Hills Sports High School before being signed by the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles. Goodall played for the Sea Eagles NYC side in 2012 when he was also selected into Laure Daley's \"Blues in Waiting\" Origin Pathways Squad. In late 2012 Goodall signed with the Parramatta Eels, playing","title":"Fabian Goodall"},{"psg_id":"18759708","text":"win at Cbus Super Stadium. On 7 May 2016, Goodall played for Fiji against Papua New Guinea in the 2016 Melanesian Cup where he played in the second row position in the 24-22 loss at Parramatta Stadium. In August 2016, Goodall made the switch from league to union after signing with National Rugby Championship (NRC) side, . Fabian Goodall Fabian Goodall (born 13 December 1994) is an Australian,Fijian professional footballer who is currently playing for the Western Rams in the Intrust Super Cup. Goodall is a Fiji representative. Born in Sydney, New South Wales, Goodall is of Fijian descent. Goodall","title":"Fabian Goodall"},{"psg_id":"7735024","text":"Ice Arena where they defeated the Adelaide Avalanche. The Goodall Cup was withdrawn from the AIHL in 2009 by the cup's custodians, Ice Hockey Australia (IHA). It was instead awarded to South Australia in a traditional state vs state tournament held in Adelaide, South Australia in October 2009 as a 100-year celebration of the Goodall Cup. To mark the centenary championship, a single band of gold plaques circles the trophy with each containing the name of each State Team. Those teams that did not participate in the centenary final match have the words \"Non-participants\" under the state name. The original","title":"Goodall Cup"},{"psg_id":"15994337","text":"2008 as selectman in his hometown of Richmond. Goodall graduated from the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources at the University of Connecticut. He also graduated from the University of Maine School of Law in 2005. As of 2010, he was the youngest member of the Maine Senate. He is co-chair of the Maine Economic Growth Council. A practicing lawyer, he is part of the law firm Dyer, Goodall & Denison, P.A. in Augusta. Seth Goodall has had the followin gpolitical experience: Seth Goodall Seth Goodall is an American politician and lawyer. Goodall served as a Democratic State Senator from","title":"Seth Goodall"},{"psg_id":"18488783","text":"Charlotte Goodall Mrs Goodall or Charlotte Goodall or Charlotte Stanton (1766 – July 1830) was a British actress known for her comedy roles at Drury Lane. She married Thomas Goodall and they were involved in a noted legal case. Charlotte Stanton (Goodall) was born in 1766. Her father ran an acting company and that is where she learnt her profession. Her father had bought property in Staffordshire on the profits from his acting company. She was discovered in Bath where she was playing Rosalind by John Palmer. She appeared in several leading parts in Bristol and Bath before appearing again","title":"Charlotte Goodall"},{"psg_id":"8983072","text":"people to develop as confident and positive individuals. Literally, roots and shoots mean: A deeper connotation of Roots & Shoots is: By bonding, they can break through the brick walls, a metaphorical representation of the problems human beings suffer from globally. Roots & Shoots began with 16 students who were interested in animals and environment conservation. However, they realised they were not able to obtain sufficient support and resources they would need from school. They, therefore, went to meet Dr. Goodall on her front porch in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania in 1991. After a deep conversation, they returned to school","title":"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong)"},{"psg_id":"9930693","text":"Josh Goodall Joshua Jake Goodall (born 17 October 1985) is a retired English tennis player, former British no 2 and Davis Cup player. He is currently a tennis coach. Goodall attended Cranbourne School, now called Cranbourne Business and Enterprise College. His parents remortgaged their house five times to support his tennis career. On 23 June 2007 Goodall reached his only ATP (World) Tour final, in doubles, at the Nottingham Open. He and partner Ross Hutchins lost that match in three sets 6–4, 3–6, [5–10] to Eric Butorac and Jamie Murray. Goodall was British no 2, behind Andy Murray from 13","title":"Josh Goodall"},{"psg_id":"18488786","text":"letters sent by the lawyer, Fletcher, to Charlotte. Goodall died in Somers Town in London in July 1830, shortly before the 19th. Charlotte Goodall Mrs Goodall or Charlotte Goodall or Charlotte Stanton (1766 – July 1830) was a British actress known for her comedy roles at Drury Lane. She married Thomas Goodall and they were involved in a noted legal case. Charlotte Stanton (Goodall) was born in 1766. Her father ran an acting company and that is where she learnt her profession. Her father had bought property in Staffordshire on the profits from his acting company. She was discovered in","title":"Charlotte Goodall"},{"psg_id":"9182963","text":"put under house arrest. When the war ended, they wanted to get rid of us, and they started with the troublemakers, which included me.\"(Oliver Goodall) One officer Lt. Terry was fined $150 for offering violence against a superior officer.(Freeman Field Mutiny\") and the rest of the men were let go, it was not until 50 years later that the Air Force finally set aside the reprimands, which haunted these men throughout their careers(Freeman Field Mutiny). And now many of the Tuskegee Airmen travel and talk about the unfair treatment they have received. Oliver Goodall Oliver Goodall (May 28, 1922 –","title":"Oliver Goodall"},{"psg_id":"9182946","text":"Oliver Goodall Oliver Goodall (May 28, 1922 – October 30, 2010) was one of the Tuskegee Airmen. He was involved in the Freeman Field Mutiny, and he was active member in the Tuskegee Airmen, Inc. Goodall attended the University of Detroit. He joined the Tuskegee airmen in Pasadena. Although Goodall was a Tuskegee Airmen, he did most of his training at Selfridge Field with the rest of the 477th medium bomber group. As an African American he faced a lot of racism. He overcame this to become a pilot. After his training he was assigned to the 477th Bombardment Group.","title":"Oliver Goodall"},{"psg_id":"20421053","text":"consensus reads, \"\"Jane\" honors its subject's legacy with an absorbing, beautifully filmed, and overall enlightening look at her decades of invaluable work.\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 87 out of 100, based on 24 critics, indicating \"universal acclaim\". Jane (2017 film) Jane is a 2017 American biographical documentary film directed and written by Brett Morgen about primatologist, ethologist, and anthropologist Jane Goodall. The film had its world premiere at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival at Winter Garden Theatre on September 10, 2017. Jane Goodall, a young and untrained woman, challenges the male dominated scientific","title":"Jane (2017 film)"},{"psg_id":"9930694","text":"August 2012 with a world ranking of 196, until 19 November 2012. Goodall played Davis Cup twice, in the 2009 Europe/Africa Zone Group I first round against Ukraine and the 2012 Europe/Africa Zone Group I second round against Belgium. At the Belgium tie, Goodall was the British no 1, in the absence of Andy Murray. Josh Goodall Joshua Jake Goodall (born 17 October 1985) is a retired English tennis player, former British no 2 and Davis Cup player. He is currently a tennis coach. Goodall attended Cranbourne School, now called Cranbourne Business and Enterprise College. His parents remortgaged their house","title":"Josh Goodall"},{"psg_id":"560204","text":"The Trimates. She was accompanied by her mother, whose presence was necessary to satisfy the requirements of David Anstey, chief warden, who was concerned for their safety. Leakey arranged funding and in 1962, he sent Goodall, who had no degree, to Cambridge University. She went to Newnham College, and obtained a PhD degree in ethology. She became the eighth person to be allowed to study for a PhD there without first having obtained a BA or BSc. Her thesis was completed in 1965 under the tutorship of Robert Hinde, titled \"Behaviour of free-living chimpanzees\", detailing her first five years of","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"17174907","text":"\"Waiting for the Ferry-boat\", and \"The Tired Lace-maker\". A number of these were lithographed in a series entitled \"Walter Goodall's Rustic Sketches\". Goodall also made drawings from pictures in the Vernon Gallery for engravings published in \"The Art Journal\". Walter Goodall (painter) Walter Goodall (6 November 1830 – 14 May 1889) was an English watercolour painter. He was youngest son of Edward Goodall, the engraver, and brother of the artists Frederick Goodall and Edward Angelo Goodall. He studied in the school of design at Somerset House and at the Royal Academy. About fourteen years before his death Goodall had a","title":"Walter Goodall (painter)"},{"psg_id":"560226","text":"unattributed sections lifted from websites about organic tea, tobacco, and \"an amateurish astrology site\", as well as from Wikipedia. Goodall apologised and stated, \"It is important to me that the proper sources are credited, and I will be working diligently with my team to address all areas of concern. My goal is to ensure that when this book is released it is not only up to the highest of standards, but also that the focus be on the crucial messages it conveys.\" The book was released on 1 April 2014, after review and the addition of 57 pages of endnotes.","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"560214","text":"the effort to protect chimpanzees and their habitats. With nineteen offices around the world, the JGI is widely recognised for community-centred conservation and development programs in Africa. Its global youth program, Roots & Shoots began in 1991 when a group of 16 local teenagers met with Goodall on her back porch in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. They were eager to discuss a range of problems they knew about from first-hand experience that caused them deep concern. The organisation now has over 10,000 groups in over 100 countries. Due to an overflow of handwritten notes, photographs, and data piling up at","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"4830836","text":"Howard Goodall Howard Lindsay Goodall CBE (; born 26 May 1958) is an English composer of musicals, choral music and music for television. He also presents music-based programmes for television and radio, for which he has won many awards. In May 2008 he was named as a presenter and Composer-in-Residence with the UK radio channel Classic FM, and in May 2009 he was named \"Composer of the Year\" at the Classic BRIT Awards. Born in Bromley, Kent, Goodall was educated at New College School, Stowe School and Lord Williams's School and read music at Christ Church, Oxford. He is married","title":"Howard Goodall"},{"psg_id":"17174905","text":"Walter Goodall (painter) Walter Goodall (6 November 1830 – 14 May 1889) was an English watercolour painter. He was youngest son of Edward Goodall, the engraver, and brother of the artists Frederick Goodall and Edward Angelo Goodall. He studied in the school of design at Somerset House and at the Royal Academy. About fourteen years before his death Goodall had a paralytic seizure, from which he never quite recovered, and during the last few years of his life was unable to practise his art. He died on 14 May 1889, in his fifty-ninth year, leaving a widow and three children.","title":"Walter Goodall (painter)"},{"psg_id":"560212","text":"we found that chimpanzees could be brutal—that they, like us, had a darker side to their nature.\" She described the 1974–1978 Gombe Chimpanzee War in her memoir, \"Through a Window: My Thirty Years with the Chimpanzees of Gombe\". Her findings revolutionised contemporary knowledge of chimpanzee behaviour, and were further evidence of the social similarities between humans and chimpanzees, albeit in a much darker manner. Goodall also set herself apart from the traditional conventions of the time by naming the animals in her studies of primates, instead of assigning each a number. Numbering was a nearly universal practice at the time,","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"560211","text":"one-third of the colobus population in the park each year. This alone was a major scientific find which challenged previous conceptions of chimpanzee diet and behaviour. But perhaps more startling, and disturbing, was the tendency for aggression and violence within chimpanzee troops. Goodall observed dominant females deliberately killing the young of other females in the troop to maintain their dominance, sometimes going as far as cannibalism. She says of this revelation, \"During the first ten years of the study I had believed […] that the Gombe chimpanzees were, for the most part, rather nicer than human beings. […] Then suddenly","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"560208","text":"tickling, what we consider \"human\" actions. Goodall insists that these gestures are evidence of \"the close, supportive, affectionate bonds that develop between family members and other individuals within a community, which can persist throughout a life span of more than 50 years.\" These findings suggest that similarities between humans and chimpanzees exist in more than genes alone, and can be seen in emotion, intelligence, and family and social relationships. Goodall's research at Gombe Stream is best known to the scientific community for challenging two long-standing beliefs of the day: that only humans could construct and use tools, and that chimpanzees","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"560207","text":"She began studying the Kasakela chimpanzee community in Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania, in 1960. Without collegiate training directing her research, Goodall observed things that strict scientific doctrines may have overlooked. Instead of numbering the chimpanzees she observed, she gave them names such as Fifi and David Greybeard, and observed them to have unique and individual personalities, an unconventional idea at the time. She found that, \"it isn't only human beings who have personality, who are capable of rational thought [and] emotions like joy and sorrow.\" She also observed behaviours such as hugs, kisses, pats on the back, and even","title":"Jane Goodall"},{"psg_id":"15832704","text":"adequate linguistic competence and research methodology ... and her major arguments cannot withstand close scrutiny. Her conclusion fails to consider all the evidence supporting Marco Polo's credibility.\" Did Marco Polo Go to China? Did Marco Polo Go to China? is a 1995 book, by Frances Wood, arguing that Italian explorer Marco Polo never visited China but travelled no further than Persia and that he based his description of China on accounts from Persian travelers. The book notes that Polo failed to mention the Great Wall, the use of chopsticks as eating utensils, tea, foot-binding, Chinese calligraphy or other significant features","title":"Did Marco Polo Go to China?"},{"psg_id":"15832699","text":"Did Marco Polo Go to China? Did Marco Polo Go to China? is a 1995 book, by Frances Wood, arguing that Italian explorer Marco Polo never visited China but travelled no further than Persia and that he based his description of China on accounts from Persian travelers. The book notes that Polo failed to mention the Great Wall, the use of chopsticks as eating utensils, tea, foot-binding, Chinese calligraphy or other significant features and that there are no Chinese records of Polo's presence. Thus it is a typical example of an argument from silence. Some archeologists have pointed to inconsistencies","title":"Did Marco Polo Go to China?"},{"psg_id":"20421052","text":"Jane (2017 film) Jane is a 2017 American biographical documentary film directed and written by Brett Morgen about primatologist, ethologist, and anthropologist Jane Goodall. The film had its world premiere at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival at Winter Garden Theatre on September 10, 2017. Jane Goodall, a young and untrained woman, challenges the male dominated scientific consensus of her time with her chimpanzee research and revolutionizes people's understanding of the natural world On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 98% based on 93 reviews, and an average rating of 8.4/10. The website's critical","title":"Jane (2017 film)"},{"psg_id":"16980054","text":"Joseph Goodall Joseph Goodall (1760–1840) was an English cleric and Provost of Eton. He was born 2 March 1760, in Westminster, the son of Joseph Goodall, and was elected to King's College, Cambridge, from Eton College, in 1778. There he gained Browne's medals in 1781 and 1782, and the Craven scholarship in 1782. He graduated B.A. in 1783 and M.A. in 1786. In 1783 Goodall became a Fellow of King's and assistant-master at Eton. In 1801 he was appointed head-master of the school, which kept up its numbers and reputation under him. In 1808 he became canon of Windsor on","title":"Joseph Goodall"},{"psg_id":"560229","text":"Most Excellent Order of the British Empire in a ceremony held in Buckingham Palace in 2004. In April 2002, Secretary-General Kofi Annan named Goodall a United Nations Messenger of Peace. Her other honours include the Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement, the French Legion of Honor, Medal of Tanzania, Japan's prestigious Kyoto Prize, the Benjamin Franklin Medal in Life Science, the Gandhi-King Award for Nonviolence and the Spanish Prince of Asturias Awards. She is also a member of the advisory board of \"BBC Wildlife\" magazine and a patron of Population Matters (formerly the Optimum Population Trust). She has received many tributes,","title":"Jane Goodall"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8817523\",\n \"text\": \"Jane Goodall Environmental Middle School Jane Goodall Environmental Middle School (JGEMS) is a public charter school serving grades six through eight that focuses on environmental science and community service. It is housed in the same building as the Oregon School for the Deaf in Salem, Oregon, and is named after English primatologist Jane Goodall. It is part of the Salem-Keizer School District. \\\"The Jane Goodall Environmental Middle School will provide an engaging and meaningful focus for students to achieve Oregon academic standards. Through partnerships with community and governmental organizations, an integrated curriculum design and an emphasis on field-based projects, students\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall Environmental Middle School\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560231\",\n \"text\": \"than 40 films: Jane Goodall Dame Jane Morris Goodall (; born Valerie Jane Morris-Goodall, 3 April 1934), formerly Baroness Jane van Lawick-Goodall, is an English primatologist and anthropologist. Considered to be the world's foremost expert on chimpanzees, Goodall is best known for her over 55-year study of social and family interactions of wild chimpanzees since she first went to Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania in 1960. She is the founder of the Jane Goodall Institute and the Roots & Shoots programme, and she has worked extensively on conservation and animal welfare issues. She has served on the board of the\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560200\",\n \"text\": \"Jane Goodall Dame Jane Morris Goodall (; born Valerie Jane Morris-Goodall, 3 April 1934), formerly Baroness Jane van Lawick-Goodall, is an English primatologist and anthropologist. Considered to be the world's foremost expert on chimpanzees, Goodall is best known for her over 55-year study of social and family interactions of wild chimpanzees since she first went to Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania in 1960. She is the founder of the Jane Goodall Institute and the Roots & Shoots programme, and she has worked extensively on conservation and animal welfare issues. She has served on the board of the Nonhuman Rights Project\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8817525\",\n \"text\": \"variety of field studies. Projects are endangered species project, Oregon silverspot butterfly, reed canary grass suppression, frog deformities, amphibian monitoring, indefinite maintenance at Pringle Creek, macroinvertebrates census, Aumsville pond restoration, Little Pudding River restoration, forest fire severity, monitoring the movement of the heavy wood debris by tides and high water events at Siletz Bay National Wildlife Refuge, forest ecology at Opal Creek Education Center, and research on the snowy plover. As of the 2011–12 school year, all the endangered species are at the Oregon Zoo. Jane Goodall Environmental Middle School Jane Goodall Environmental Middle School (JGEMS) is a public charter\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall Environmental Middle School\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8923334\",\n \"text\": \"sustainable production techniques that increase incomes while protecting forests and watersheds. Jane Goodall Institute The Jane Goodall Institute (JGI) is a global wildlife and environment conservation organization headquartered in Vienna, Virginia. It was founded in 1977 by English primatologist Jane Goodall. The institute has offices in more than twenty-five countries around the world. JGI works to protect chimpanzees and other primates by supporting sanctuaries, law enforcement efforts to reduce illegal trafficking, and public education to protect endangered species in the wild. JGI achieves this through community-centered health projects, improvements to water supplies, and programs designed to keep girls in school.\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall Institute\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8923333\",\n \"text\": \"Jane Goodall Institute The Jane Goodall Institute (JGI) is a global wildlife and environment conservation organization headquartered in Vienna, Virginia. It was founded in 1977 by English primatologist Jane Goodall. The institute has offices in more than twenty-five countries around the world. JGI works to protect chimpanzees and other primates by supporting sanctuaries, law enforcement efforts to reduce illegal trafficking, and public education to protect endangered species in the wild. JGI achieves this through community-centered health projects, improvements to water supplies, and programs designed to keep girls in school. JGI does this through improved agricultural practices, community-managed microcredit programs, and\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall Institute\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560228\",\n \"text\": \"sales of a shirt featuring this cartoon go to the Jane Goodall Institute. Goodall wrote a preface to \\\"The Far Side Gallery 5\\\", detailing her version of the controversy, and the Institute's letter was included next to the cartoon in the complete \\\"Far Side\\\" collection. She praised Larson's creative ideas, which often compare and contrast the behaviour of humans and animals. In 1988, when Larson visited Gombe he was attacked by a chimpanzee named Frodo. Goodall has received many honours for her environmental and humanitarian work, as well as others. She was named a Dame Commander of the of the\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560227\",\n \"text\": \"One of Gary Larson's \\\"Far Side\\\" cartoons shows two chimpanzees grooming. One finds a blonde human hair on the other and inquires, \\\"Conducting a little more 'research' with that Jane Goodall tramp?\\\" Goodall herself was in Africa at the time, and the Jane Goodall Institute thought this was in bad taste, and had their lawyers draft a letter to Larson and his distribution syndicate, in which they described the cartoon as an \\\"atrocity.\\\" They were stymied by Goodall herself when she returned and saw the cartoon, as she stated that she found the cartoon amusing. Since then, all profits from\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8983068\",\n \"text\": \"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong) The Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong) (), founded in 2002, was established as a local registered charity involved in the promotion of the well-being of the community, animals and environment. The Jane Goodall Institute Hong Kong is one of the Asian branches of the Jane Goodall Institute which was founded in 1977 in California by Jane Goodall and Genevieve, Princess di San Faustino. With its headquarters in the US, the Jane Goodall Institute is a worldwide non-profit organization with 17 overseas offices. The objectives of the Institute are: The Jane Goodall Institute's official statement of\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560215\",\n \"text\": \"Jane's home in Dar es Salaam in the mid-1990s, the Jane Goodall Institute's Center for Primate Studies was created at the University of Minnesota to house and organise this data. Currently all of the original Jane Goodall archives reside there and have been digitised and analysed and placed in an online database. On 17 March 2011, Duke University spokesman Karl Bates announced that the archives will move to Duke, with Anne E. Pusey, Duke's chairman of evolutionary anthropology, overseeing the collection. Pusey, who managed the archives in Minnesota and worked with Goodall in Tanzania, had worked at Duke for a\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8983069\",\n \"text\": \"their mission: \\\"The Jane Goodall Institute advances the power of individuals to take informed and compassionate action to improve the environment of all living things.\\\" The Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong) depends on supports in the forms of donations, sponsorship, collaboration partnership. However, the Institute declines to reveal specifically the individuals or organisations which have contributed to the funding. In terms of mission, the Jane Goodall Institute has perhaps the most similar to that of WWF Hong Kong, as both organisations feature balanced focus on the environment and animals. While the Jane Goodall Institute is more inclined to the conservation\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8983083\",\n \"text\": \"the animals she studied, instead of assigning each a number. This numbering was a nearly universal practice at the time, and thought to be important in the removal of one's self from the potential for emotional attachment to the subject being studied. Among those that Goodall named during her first years in Gombe were: Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong) The Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong) (), founded in 2002, was established as a local registered charity involved in the promotion of the well-being of the community, animals and environment. The Jane Goodall Institute Hong Kong is one of the Asian\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560213\",\n \"text\": \"and thought to be important in the removal of one's self from the potential for emotional attachment to the subject being studied. Setting herself apart from other researchers also led her to develop a close bond with the chimpanzees and to become, to this day, the only human ever accepted into chimpanzee society. She was the lowest ranking member of a troop for a period of 22 months. Among those whom Goodall named during her years in Gombe were: In 1977, Goodall established the Jane Goodall Institute (JGI), which supports the Gombe research, and she is a global leader in\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560230\",\n \"text\": \"honours, and awards from local governments, schools, institutions, and charities around the world. Goodall is honoured by The Walt Disney Company with a plaque on the Tree of Life at Walt Disney World's Animal Kingdom theme park, alongside a carving of her beloved David Greybeard, the original chimpanzee which approached Goodall during her first year at Gombe. In 2010, Dave Matthews and Tim Reynolds held a benefit concert at DAR Constitution Hall in Washington DC to commemorate Gombe 50: a global celebration of Jane Goodall's pioneering chimpanzee research and inspiring vision for our future. Goodall is the subject of more\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8983070\",\n \"text\": \"of primates and other animals, Green Power focuses primarily on butterfly research and conservation, especially in the upcoming years. The objectives of Greenpeace are more general by comparison, as they aim to stop the climate change and to eliminate toxic chemicals. They put less emphasis on animal conservation, setting themselves apart from the Jane Goodall Institute. The Animals Asia Foundation has the most straightforward objective, as it aims to conserve animals exclusively. On the other hand, Green Power and the Jane Goodall Institute stress more on environmental education. Both organisations have set up the educational units Green School and Roots\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560201\",\n \"text\": \"since its founding in 1996. In April 2002, she was named a UN Messenger of Peace. Valerie Jane Morris-Goodall was born in 1934 in Hampstead, to businessman Mortimer Herbert Morris-Goodall (1907–2001) and Margaret Myfanwe Joseph (1906–2000), a novelist from Milford Haven, Pembrokeshire who wrote under the name Vanne Morris-Goodall. As a child, as an alternative to a teddy bear, Goodall's father gave her a stuffed chimpanzee named Jubilee, and she has said her fondness for this figure started her early love of animals, commenting that \\\"My mother's friends were horrified by this toy, thinking it would frighten me and give\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13279845\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"there is a perceptible poignancy and longing weaved throughout Jenkins' arrangements. The opener \\\"Where Did Everyone Go?\\\" possesses a solitude accentuated by responsive instrumentation that supports, yet never intrudes. Cole's practically conversational delivery of pop standards...become musical soliloquies with the score as a sonic subtext.\\\" Where Did Everyone Go? Where Did Everyone Go? is a 1963 studio album by Nat King Cole, arranged by Gordon Jenkins. This was the third and final album that Cole and Jenkins recorded together, following \\\"Love Is the Thing\\\" (1957) and \\\"The Very Thought of You\\\" (1958). The initial \\\"Billboard\\\" review from April 13, 1963\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Everyone Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13279844\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did Everyone Go? Where Did Everyone Go? is a 1963 studio album by Nat King Cole, arranged by Gordon Jenkins. This was the third and final album that Cole and Jenkins recorded together, following \\\"Love Is the Thing\\\" (1957) and \\\"The Very Thought of You\\\" (1958). The initial \\\"Billboard\\\" review from April 13, 1963 commented that \\\"Here he is in a superb collection of ballad tunes, many of them in a lonesome, blue mood, with standout backing provided by Gordon Jenkins...Great mood wax for buyers and spinners\\\". The Allmusic review of \\\"Where Did Everyone Go?\\\" by Lindsay Planer said\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Everyone Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11939649\",\n \"text\": \"in 1971. The single did not make the charts. Lee performed songs from this album, including \\\"Where Did They Go\\\" and \\\"My Sweet Lord,\\\" during her June 1971 engagement at The Frontier Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada. After completing work on \\\"Where Did They Go\\\", Peggy Lee did not return to the recording studio again until nearly a year later, when she began recording \\\"Norma Deloris Egstrom from Jamestown, North Dakota\\\" in April 1972. This album was released on 8-track, along with LP. Where Did They Go (album) Where Did They Go is a 1971 album by Peggy Lee. It\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did They Go (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8983071\",\n \"text\": \"and Shoots, respectively. Furthermore, the Jane Goodall Institute, Greenpeace and WWF are global organisations, whereas Greenpower and Animals Asia Foundation are Hong Kong-based. Roots & Shoots is the global conservation and education programme founded by Dr. Jane Goodall, which serves as the core programme of Jane Goodall Institute. It is the agenda of the programme to implement positive changes through education. Its objectives are to interact with the environment, to demonstrate care and compassion for animals and all lifeforms, to establish a better understanding among different cultures, ethnic groups, religions, socio-economic classes and nations. It also aims to assist young\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11939648\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did They Go (album) Where Did They Go is a 1971 album by Peggy Lee. It was arranged and conducted by Don Sebesky and Al Capps. The recording sessions for this album took place at the Capitol Tower in Hollywood, California. \\\"Where Did They Go\\\" was Peggy Lee's first album not to make the \\\"Billboard\\\" 200 chart since her Grammy-winning hit \\\"Is That All There Is?\\\" in 1969. Burt Bacharach and Hal David wrote the song \\\"My Rock And Foundation\\\" specifically for Lee. Capitol Records released \\\"Where Did They Go\\\" (backed by \\\"All I Want\\\") as a 45\\\" single\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did They Go (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15358177\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did Our Love Go \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" is a 1964 song recorded by American music group the Supremes for the Motown label. Written and produced by Motown's main production team Holland–Dozier–Holland, \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" was the first single by the Supremes to go to the number-one position on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 pop singles chart in the United States, a position it held for two weeks, from August 16 to August 29, 1964. It was also the first of five Supremes songs in a row to reach number one (the others being \\\"Baby Love\\\", \\\"Come\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15358184\",\n \"text\": \"in Vietnam, and foreseeing the end of the early optimism of the 1960s. Where Did Our Love Go \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" is a 1964 song recorded by American music group the Supremes for the Motown label. Written and produced by Motown's main production team Holland–Dozier–Holland, \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" was the first single by the Supremes to go to the number-one position on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 pop singles chart in the United States, a position it held for two weeks, from August 16 to August 29, 1964. It was also the first of five Supremes songs\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560205\",\n \"text\": \"study at the Gombe Reserve. Goodall has been married twice. On 28 March 1964, she married a Dutch nobleman, wildlife photographer Baron Hugo van Lawick, at Chelsea Old Church, London, and became known during their marriage as Baroness Jane van Lawick-Goodall. The couple had a son, Hugo Eric Louis (born 1967); they divorced in 1974. The following year, she married Derek Bryceson (a member of Tanzania's parliament and the director of that country's national parks); he died of cancer in October 1980. With his position in the Tanzanian government as head of the country's national park system, Bryceson was able\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11903014\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did Your Heart Go? \\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\" is a song written by American musicians David Was and Don Was. The song was first recorded and released by the writers' disco-dance-rock band Was (Not Was) as a single in the UK as a double A-side with \\\"Wheel Me Out\\\" in September 1981. The single did not chart. It was featured as the second track on the band's début album \\\"Was (Not Was)\\\" in August 1981. French editions of the single included the track \\\"It's an Attack!\\\" as the B-side. A live recording of \\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18295773\",\n \"text\": \"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go Haiti: Where Did the Money Go? is a 2012 Film at Eleven Media production that was produced, written and directed by Michele Mitchell. Shot in the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, the documentary looks at what really happens with the money donated to help with disaster aid. \\\"Haiti: Where Did The Money Go?\\\" aired on PBS and won the 2013 Edward R. Murrow Award for News Documentary. \\\"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go\\\" seeks to discover where the funds raised for the relief effort after the 2010 earthquake in Haiti really went. Taking\",\n \"title\": \"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18295781\",\n \"text\": \"Best Investigative Documentary •2013 Edward R. Murrow Award for News Documentary •2013 Women's International Film Festival Best Documentary Short Haiti: Where Did the Money Go Haiti: Where Did the Money Go? is a 2012 Film at Eleven Media production that was produced, written and directed by Michele Mitchell. Shot in the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, the documentary looks at what really happens with the money donated to help with disaster aid. \\\"Haiti: Where Did The Money Go?\\\" aired on PBS and won the 2013 Edward R. Murrow Award for News Documentary. \\\"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go\\\" seeks\",\n \"title\": \"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8983080\",\n \"text\": \"Galdikas, who advanced studies in orangutans, Goodall was one of three women Louis Leakey called The Trimates, recently dubbed by some as \\\"Leakey's Angels\\\". Goodall is best known for her study of chimpanzee social and family life. In 1977, Goodall established the Jane Goodall Institute (JGI), which supports the Gombe research and is a global leader in the effort to protect chimpanzees and their habitats. With 19 offices around the world, the Institute is widely recognized for innovative, community-centered conservation and development programs in Africa and a global youth program, Roots & Shoots, which currently has over 8,000 groups in\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560203\",\n \"text\": \"indications of the behaviour of early hominids, was looking for a chimpanzee researcher, though he kept the idea to himself. Instead, he proposed that Goodall work for him as a secretary. After obtaining approval from his wife Mary Leakey, Louis sent Goodall to Olduvai Gorge in Tanganyika (present-day Tanzania), where he laid out his plans. In 1958, Leakey sent Goodall to London to study primate behaviour with Osman Hill and primate anatomy with John Napier. Leakey raised funds, and on 14 July 1960, Goodall went to Gombe Stream National Park, becoming the first of what would come to be called\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11903016\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\" was also included on \\\"The Final\\\" and \\\"Music from the Edge of Heaven\\\" albums. George Michael's arrangement of \\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\" is relatively faithful to the original Was (Not Was) version making only subtle changes to the song's instrumentation and structure. Michael alters the song by dropping the opening chorus in favour of an instrumental introduction of the chorus melody. The subdued ending is protracted in the Wham! recording, where the Was (Not Was) original quickly fades out after the completion of the final chorus; Michael's arrangement continues for an additional half a\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11903018\",\n \"text\": \"video for the Wham! version of the song was directed by George Michael and Andy Morahan. Where Did Your Heart Go? \\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\" is a song written by American musicians David Was and Don Was. The song was first recorded and released by the writers' disco-dance-rock band Was (Not Was) as a single in the UK as a double A-side with \\\"Wheel Me Out\\\" in September 1981. The single did not chart. It was featured as the second track on the band's début album \\\"Was (Not Was)\\\" in August 1981. French editions of the single included the\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6114571\",\n \"text\": \"on December 29, 1964. It was equivalent to Motown 25 or Live Aid as a pivotal music concert event . When it hit theaters nationwide, it undoubtedly raised and extended the visibility of the \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" album. All tracks written by Holland–Dozier–Holland except as noted. The original album sold a million copies {in 1964-1965} stateside alone. The limited exclusive \\\"40th Anniversary\\\" version is now listed as \\\"sold out\\\". It remains, to date, their third best-selling studio album. Where Did Our Love Go (album) Where Did Our Love Go is the second studio album by Motown singing group\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560220\",\n \"text\": \"also because of the shocking ongoing cruelty perpetuated on millions of sentient beings.\\\" In 2012, Goodall took on the role of challenger for the Engage in Conservation Challenge with the DO School, formerly known as the D&F Academy. She worked with a group of aspiring social entrepreneurs to create a workshop to engage young people in conserving biodiversity, and to tackle a perceived global lack of awareness of the issue. In 2014, Goodall wrote to Air France executives criticizing the airline's continued transport of monkeys to laboratories. Goodall called the practice \\\"cruel\\\" and \\\"traumatic\\\" for the monkeys involved. The same\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6114568\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did Our Love Go (album) Where Did Our Love Go is the second studio album by Motown singing group The Supremes, released in 1964. The album includes several of the group's singles and B-sides from 1963 and 1964. Included are the group's first Billboard Pop Singles number-one hits, \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\", \\\"Baby Love\\\", and \\\"Come See About Me\\\", as well as their first Top 40 hit, \\\"When the Lovelight Starts Shining Through His Eyes\\\", and the singles \\\"A Breathtaking Guy\\\" and \\\"Run, Run, Run\\\". With the release of this album, The Supremes became the first act in\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8983078\",\n \"text\": \"founder of the Jane Goodall Institute, was born in London, England on April 3, 1934. As a child she was given a lifelike chimpanzee toy named Jubilee by her father, although friends believed it would scare her. Today, the toy still sits on her dresser in London. After the divorce of her parents when Goodall was only 12, she moved with her mother to Bournemouth. It was while in Bournemouth that Goodall first met up with distinguished wildlife authority Sir David Attenborough, who taught her the importance of the higher order primates, and impressed upon her the need to defend\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579887\",\n \"text\": \"her 1992 album \\\"Entre a Mi Mundo\\\". Where Did the Feeling Go? \\\"Where Did the Feeling Go?\\\" is a song written by Michael Masser and Norman Saleet and first recorded by American singer Jill Michaels in 1985, and then by Russell Hitchcock (from the band Air Supply) for his eponymous debut solo album in 1988. The song found renewed interest when Selena recorded the song a year later in 1989; however, it was not released until 1997 when it was featured in the film \\\"Selena\\\" and its soundtrack album, following her death in 1995. The song was later included on\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did the Feeling Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579886\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did the Feeling Go? \\\"Where Did the Feeling Go?\\\" is a song written by Michael Masser and Norman Saleet and first recorded by American singer Jill Michaels in 1985, and then by Russell Hitchcock (from the band Air Supply) for his eponymous debut solo album in 1988. The song found renewed interest when Selena recorded the song a year later in 1989; however, it was not released until 1997 when it was featured in the film \\\"Selena\\\" and its soundtrack album, following her death in 1995. The song was later included on the \\\"20 Years of Music\\\" version of\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did the Feeling Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11690819\",\n \"text\": \"released as a radio-single in the United States, where the song received airplay but failed to chart due in part to no official release. The video features Liam being interviewed whilst Noel sings whilst reading a newspaper and looking at what is going on in the building opposite where he and the band are. Where Did It All Go Wrong? \\\"Where Did It All Go Wrong?\\\" is a song and single by the English rock band Oasis, originally released on their 2000 album, \\\"Standing on the Shoulder of Giants\\\". Written by guitarist Noel Gallagher, it is one of two songs\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did It All Go Wrong?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560218\",\n \"text\": \"of creatures who have been treated so with little respect and kindness just to make more meat.\\\" In April 2008, Goodall gave a lecture entitled \\\"Reason for Hope\\\" at the University of San Diego's Joan B. Kroc Institute for Peace & Justice Distinguished Lecture Series. In May 2008, Goodall controversially described Edinburgh Zoo's new primate enclosure as a \\\"wonderful facility\\\" where monkeys \\\"are probably better off [than those] living in the wild in an area like Budongo, where one in six gets caught in a wire snare, and countries like Congo, where chimpanzees, monkeys and gorillas are shot for food\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579999\",\n \"text\": \"this single did prove popular on the radio. Where Did All the Love Go? \\\"Where Did All the Love Go?\\\" is a song by English rock band Kasabian and is the second official single from their third album \\\"West Ryder Pauper Lunatic Asylum\\\". It was released on 10 August 2009. Guitarist Sergio Pizzorno explained the song's meaning to \\\"New Musical Express\\\" stating that \\\"It's sitting at home seeing another kid get stabbed, everyone is scared and going, 'What the fuck is going on?\\\" The song also speaks about the Internet, with Pizzorno elaborating in an interview with \\\"The Sun\\\" that\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did All the Love Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560223\",\n \"text\": \"believe that the use of feeding stations to attract Gombe chimpanzees has altered normal foraging and feeding patterns and social relationships. This argument is the focus of a book published by Margaret Power in 1991. It has been suggested that higher levels of aggression and conflict with other chimpanzee groups in the area were due to the feeding, which could have created the \\\"wars\\\" between chimpanzee social groups described by Goodall, aspects of which she did not witness in the years before artificial feeding began at Gombe. Thus, some regard Goodall's observations as distortions of normal chimpanzee behaviour. Goodall herself\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11690817\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did It All Go Wrong? \\\"Where Did It All Go Wrong?\\\" is a song and single by the English rock band Oasis, originally released on their 2000 album, \\\"Standing on the Shoulder of Giants\\\". Written by guitarist Noel Gallagher, it is one of two songs on \\\"Standing on the Shoulder of Giants\\\" that features him on lead vocals. In explaining why front man Liam Gallagher did not sing the song, Noel claimed that: \\\"[Vocally] Liam just couldn't get that one. The melody shifts quite a lot... Liam hasn't got that dynamism in his voice.\\\" Noel stated that the song's\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did It All Go Wrong?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560224\",\n \"text\": \"acknowledged that feeding contributed to aggression within and between groups, but maintained that the effect was limited to alteration of the intensity and not the nature of chimpanzee conflict, and further suggested that feeding was necessary for the study to be effective at all. Craig Stanford of the Jane Goodall Research Institute at the University of Southern California states that researchers conducting studies with no artificial provisioning have a difficult time viewing any social behaviour of chimpanzees, especially those related to inter-group conflict. Some recent studies, such as those by Crickette Sanz in the Goualougo Triangle (Congo) and Christophe Boesch\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8983077\",\n \"text\": \"ever have... Miracles happen when a bunch of good guys get together like we did.”—ZeeZee, Member, Shanghai Roots & Shoots “It is thrilling for our group to know that by belonging to Roots & Shoots, we are connected to the rest of the world. Our actions have a direct impact in solving problems…Middle-class, suburban American families are very busy these days with work and raising kids. Parents want positive activities for their kids and being able to perform service projects together as a family is very special.”—Wanda Leopold, Leader of Family Group, Mt. Prospect, Illinois Jane Goodall, PhD, DBE, the\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9037004\",\n \"text\": \"are mixed without hi-hat. In 1992 when the Original cast CD was released, the hi-hat was suddenly apparent in the recording. It is most likely that the hi-hat was always present in the mix, but just not loud enough to be heard. It was probably boosted in the remix and subsequent remastering. Where Did the Good Times Go? \\\"Where Did the Good Times Go?\\\" is, what is popularly termed, the \\\"big ballad\\\" or \\\"11 o'clock number\\\" from the musical \\\"Over Here!\\\", which opened on Broadway at the Shubert Theatre (Broadway) on March 6, 1974. The song is the penultimate moment\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did the Good Times Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579997\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did All the Love Go? \\\"Where Did All the Love Go?\\\" is a song by English rock band Kasabian and is the second official single from their third album \\\"West Ryder Pauper Lunatic Asylum\\\". It was released on 10 August 2009. Guitarist Sergio Pizzorno explained the song's meaning to \\\"New Musical Express\\\" stating that \\\"It's sitting at home seeing another kid get stabbed, everyone is scared and going, 'What the fuck is going on?\\\" The song also speaks about the Internet, with Pizzorno elaborating in an interview with \\\"The Sun\\\" that \\\"Kids today grow up really quickly and there's\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did All the Love Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9037003\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did the Good Times Go? \\\"Where Did the Good Times Go?\\\" is, what is popularly termed, the \\\"big ballad\\\" or \\\"11 o'clock number\\\" from the musical \\\"Over Here!\\\", which opened on Broadway at the Shubert Theatre (Broadway) on March 6, 1974. The song is the penultimate moment of drama when all seems lost toward the end of the second act. The song was somewhat successful as a single for Patty Andrews, who debuted the song in the show. The song was written by Robert B. Sherman and Richard M. Sherman. The recording on both the LP and the single\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did the Good Times Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11903015\",\n \"text\": \"was included as a B-side to the 1992 single \\\"Somewhere in America (There's a Street Named After My Dad)\\\". \\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\" was covered by the British pop duo Wham! on 14 October 1986 as one of the three B-sides to \\\"The Edge of Heaven\\\" in the UK, where it reached number 1. The song was also released separately as Wham!'s final single in several territories most notably in the US where it peaked at number 50 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 in November 1986. It was produced and re-arranged by George Michael with engineering by Chris Porter.\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560216\",\n \"text\": \"year. Today, Goodall devotes virtually all of her time to advocacy on behalf of chimpanzees and the environment, travelling nearly 300 days a year. Goodall is also a board member for the world's largest chimpanzee sanctuary outside of Africa, Save the Chimps in Fort Pierce, Florida. Goodall credits the 1986 \\\"Understanding Chimpanzees\\\" conference, hosted by the Chicago Academy of Sciences, with shifting her focus from observation of chimpanzees to a broader and more intense concern with animal-human conservation. She is the former president of Advocates for Animals, an organisation based in Edinburgh, Scotland, that campaigns against the use of animals\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560217\",\n \"text\": \"in medical research, zoos, farming and sport. Goodall is a vegetarian and advocates the diet for ethical, environmental, and health reasons. In \\\"The Inner World of Farm Animals\\\", Goodall writes that farm animals are \\\"far more aware and intelligent than we ever imagined and, despite having been bred as domestic slaves, they are individual beings in their own right. As such, they deserve our respect. And our help. Who will plead for them if we are silent?\\\" Goodall has also said: \\\"Thousands of people who say they 'love' animals sit down once or twice a day to enjoy the flesh\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560206\",\n \"text\": \"to protect Goodall's research project and implement an embargo on tourism at Gombe while he was alive. Goodall has expressed fascination with Bigfoot. When asked if she believes in God, Goodall said in September 2010: \\\"I don't have any idea of who or what God is. But I do believe in some great spiritual power. I feel it particularly when I'm out in nature. It's just something that's bigger and stronger than what I am or what anybody is. I feel it. And it's enough for me.\\\" Goodall is best known for her study of chimpanzee social and family life.\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15358181\",\n \"text\": \"letter\\\" formula. Mary Wilson and Florence Ballard's vocal contribution was significant in bringing a fresh yet hypnotic sexiness to the overall sound of the song while remaining true to the backup arrangements that Lamont Dozier had set down. Upon hearing the song's playback, an excited Ross rushed to Gordy's office and told him to come to the studio to listen to the song. Upon hearing playback, a satisfied Gordy nodded saying to the producers and the group that the song had potential to be a top ten hit. \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" was released as a single on June\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11903017\",\n \"text\": \"minute. Wham!'s recording of \\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\", while structurally similar to the Was (Not Was) original, leans toward to a soft rock ballad due to changes to the tempo and vocal inflection. Michael's arrangement is more spare and reliant on synthesizers and saxophone to convey the melody. Michael's vocals are less immersed in the backing arrangement in which the bass guitar and drums are markedly quieter in the mix. His vocal is more low-key than Sweet Pea Atkinson's, except for the final line of the third verse, \\\"and drifted out of sight\\\", which is accentuated. The official music\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15358178\",\n \"text\": \"See About Me\\\", \\\"Stop! In the Name of Love\\\", and \\\"Back in My Arms Again\\\"). The song also reached number one on the \\\"Cash Box\\\" R&B singles chart. The Supremes' version is ranked #475 on \\\"Rolling Stone\\\"s 500 Greatest Songs of All Time and was selected for preservation in the National Recording Registry in 2016 due to its \\\"cultural, historic, or artistic significance.\\\" \\\"Billboard\\\" named the song #4 on its list of 100 Greatest Girl Group Songs of All Time. According to Brian Holland, \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" was written with The Supremes in mind. Though Supremes member Mary\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560219\",\n \"text\": \"commercially.\\\" This was in conflict with Advocates for Animals' position on captive animals. In June 2008, Goodall confirmed that she had resigned the presidency of the organisation which she had held since 1998, citing her busy schedule and explaining, \\\"I just don't have time for them.\\\" Goodall is a patron of population concern charity Population Matters, and is currently an ambassador for Disneynature. In 2011, Goodall became a patron of Australian animal protection group Voiceless, the animal protection institute. \\\"I have for decades been concerned about factory farming, in part because of the tremendous harm inflicted on the environment, but\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15358183\",\n \"text\": \"album, \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\", released later that year. A German language version of the song was recorded by the Supremes for German-speaking markets overseas. The song seemed to strike a chord in the United States, with a group which would become the most successful chart-topping American popular music group of the 1960s. The first of their American chart toppers, the song peaked just weeks after the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, critically remarked as capturing the spirit of an America reeling from the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, racial tension, increased United States involvement\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6690438\",\n \"text\": \"analyst for the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory in Berkeley. Goodall lived for many years in Berkeley, California, where he did accounting work in the publishing industry. After retiring he moved to the Marinwood area of San Rafael, California, where he became a chess philanthropist, contributing to many chess-related causes. Mike Goodall Kenneth Michael Goodall, better known as Mike Goodall, (born January 13, 1946 in Denver, Colorado; died October 5, 2010 in Marinwood, California) was until his death the most active chess tournament organizer in Northern California. He organized and directed the U.S. Chess Championship in 1975, 1984 and 1986, the U.S.\",\n \"title\": \"Mike Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14112583\",\n \"text\": \"104. Goodall was born in Edmonton, Middlesex (now London), England on 4 April 1914 to parents Isabel Blanche (née Harlow) and Henry William Goodall. He was educated at Stationers' Company's School and St Paul's School, London, where an interest in chemistry later turned to biology. Goodall completed his Bachelor of Science degree in 1935 followed by a Doctor of Philosophy degree in 1941, both at the Imperial College of Science and Technology, where he was mentored by F. G. Gregory. His PhD research was conducted at East Malling Research Station in Kent on assimilation in the tomato plant. Goodall stated\",\n \"title\": \"David Goodall (botanist)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560221\",\n \"text\": \"year Goodall also wrote to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to criticize maternal deprivation experiments on baby monkeys in NIH laboratories. Prior to the 2015 UK general election, she was one of several celebrities who endorsed the parliamentary candidacy of the Green Party's Caroline Lucas. Goodall is a critic of fox hunting and was among more than 20 high-profile people who signed a letter to Members of Parliament in 2015 to oppose Conservative prime minister David Cameron's plan to amend the Hunting Act 2004. Some primatologists have suggested flaws in Goodall's methodology which may call into question the validity\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560222\",\n \"text\": \"of her observations. Goodall used unconventional practices in her study, for example, naming individuals instead of numbering them. At the time, numbering was used to prevent emotional attachment and loss of objectivity. Goodall wrote in 1993: \\\"When, in the early 1960s, I brazenly used such words as 'childhood', 'adolescence', 'motivation', 'excitement', and 'mood' I was much criticised. Even worse was my crime of suggesting that chimpanzees had 'personalities'. I was ascribing human characteristics to nonhuman animals and was thus guilty of that worst of ethological sins -anthropomorphism.\\\" Many standard methods aim to avoid interference by observers, and in particular some\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560202\",\n \"text\": \"me nightmares.\\\" Today, Jubilee still sits on Goodall's dresser in London. Goodall has a younger sister, Judith, who shares the same birthday; the two were born four years apart. Goodall had always been passionate about animals and Africa, which brought her to the farm of a friend in the Kenya highlands in 1957. From there, she obtained work as a secretary, and acting on her friend's advice, she telephoned Louis Leakey, the notable Kenyan archaeologist and palaeontologist, with no other thought than to make an appointment to discuss animals. Leakey, believing that the study of existing great apes could provide\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560210\",\n \"text\": \"accept chimpanzees as human!\\\". In contrast to the peaceful and affectionate behaviours she observed, Goodall also found an aggressive side of chimpanzee nature at Gombe Stream. She discovered that chimps will systematically hunt and eat smaller primates such as colobus monkeys. Goodall watched a hunting group isolate a colobus monkey high in a tree, block all possible exits, then one chimpanzee climbed up and captured and killed the colobus. The others then each took parts of the carcass, sharing with other members of the troop in response to begging behaviours. The chimps at Gombe kill and eat as much as\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19621057\",\n \"text\": \"Strickland Goodall Prof Joseph Strickland Goodall FRSE FRCSE (1874–1934) was a British physician, clinical cardiologist and physiologist. The triennial Strickland Goodall Memorial Lecture is named in his memory, and addresses cardiac issues. He was born in 1874 the son of Joseph Goodall (d.1901), senior surgeon in the Queensland Government Service and his wife Anne Strickland Blaydes (d.1908). He was educated at Harrow School and Eastbourne then studied Medicine at the University of London graduating MB. He did postgraduate study at Edinburgh University and in Paris. He became Professor of Physiology and Biology at the City of London Hospital. In 1910\",\n \"title\": \"Strickland Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6114569\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Billboard\\\" magazine history to have three number-one hits from the same album. It was the album that introduced \\\"The Motown Sound\\\" to the masses. It was also, at the time, the highest-ranking album by an all-female group. It remained in the #2 position for 4 consecutive weeks in January 1965, shut out of the top spot by the Beatles' blockbuster \\\"Beatles '65\\\" album. \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" remained on the Billboard album chart for an unprecedented 89 weeks. According to Motown data, the album ultimately sold over 3,000,000 copies. This album was also the first ever number one album\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579998\",\n \"text\": \"too much information. News channels, the internet and social networking sites. People aren't leaving their bedrooms and it's just crazy. The things that make you most happy are quite simple. That song is looking for the romantic image of life, when people looked out for each other.\\\" According to Serge Pizzorno, the song's music video was inspired by Kenneth Anger's films like Scorpio Rising, Busby Berkeley and French cabaret. Following its release in August 2009, \\\"Where Did All the Love Go?\\\" entered the UK Singles Chart at a peak of #30. Although not as successful as the previous single \\\"\\\"Fire\\\"\\\",\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did All the Love Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4510663\",\n \"text\": \"took turns singing lead.) It was backed, as the original 1965 single had been, with \\\"He Don't Love You\\\". Go Go Liza Jane \\\\ \\\"Go Go Liza Jane\\\" was the A-side of the 1968 single released by Atco Records in order to capitalize on the growing success of The Band, who had recorded the track along with two others (\\\"The Stones I Throw\\\" and \\\"He Don't Love You\\\") in 1965 under the moniker Levon and the Hawks. The song, an upbeat version of the traditional \\\"Little Liza Jane\\\", demonstrated, three years before their debut LP, the way in which the\",\n \"title\": \"Go Go Liza Jane\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4510662\",\n \"text\": \"Go Go Liza Jane \\\\ \\\"Go Go Liza Jane\\\" was the A-side of the 1968 single released by Atco Records in order to capitalize on the growing success of The Band, who had recorded the track along with two others (\\\"The Stones I Throw\\\" and \\\"He Don't Love You\\\") in 1965 under the moniker Levon and the Hawks. The song, an upbeat version of the traditional \\\"Little Liza Jane\\\", demonstrated, three years before their debut LP, the way in which the voices of the singers in The Band, Rick Danko, Richard Manuel and Levon Helm, meshed so brilliantly. (Each also\",\n \"title\": \"Go Go Liza Jane\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6114570\",\n \"text\": \"on Billboard's R&B album chart in January 1965. Hip-O Select released a limited run fortieth anniversary deluxe edition of the album in 2004, which included both the mono and stereo versions of the album, as well as several outtakes, non-album tracks and a recorded live show from the Twenty Grand club in Detroit, Michigan. It sold out immediately. (see: Hip-O Select.com) They filmed performances of four of the singles from the album including \\\"Run, Run, Run\\\", \\\"When the Lovelight Starts Shining Through His Eyes\\\", \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" and \\\"Baby Love\\\" for the concert film, \\\"The T.A.M.I. Show\\\" released\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19313349\",\n \"text\": \"5th Dimension recorded \\\"Go Where You Wanna Go\\\" for their debut studio album in 1967, \\\"Up, Up and Away\\\". Johnny Rivers suggested the group cover the song. The song was the group's first single, and reached number 16 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. It also did well in Canada. It is among the group's 10 biggest hits. Go Where You Wanna Go \\\"Go Where You Wanna Go\\\" is a 1965 song written by John Phillips. It was originally recorded by The Mamas & the Papas on their LP \\\"If You Can Believe Your Eyes and Ears\\\" and given limited\",\n \"title\": \"Go Where You Wanna Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11205037\",\n \"text\": \"Where Angels Go, Trouble Follows Where Angels Go, Trouble Follows is a 1968 American comedy film directed by James Neilson and starring Rosalind Russell, Stella Stevens, and Binnie Barnes. Written by Blanche Hanalis, (who would go on to develop \\\"Little House on the Prairie\\\" five years later), the film is based on a story by Jane Trahey about an old-line Mother Superior who is challenged by a modern young nun when they take the girls of St. Francis Academy on a bus trip across the United States. Released on April 10, 1968, \\\"Where Angels Go, Trouble Follows\\\" is a sequel\",\n \"title\": \"Where Angels Go, Trouble Follows\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19298300\",\n \"text\": \"Marion C. Goodall Marion C. Goodall (Marland), was born May 24, 1875 in Sanford, Maine, the daughter of Goodall mills business mogul George Goodall and his wife Henrietta D. Goodall. Marion Goodall was a wife, mother, and philanthropist throughout her life, providing financial donations and her time to multiple projects until her passing on December 16, 1958. Marion Goodall was born May 24, 1875 to Henrietta D. (Bennett) Goodall and George Goodall. She was the couple’s only child and began her life in their family home on School Street in Sanford, Maine. Fabric Mogul George Goodall allowed Marion to thrive\",\n \"title\": \"Marion C. Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13459612\",\n \"text\": \"disco progenitors Jean-Marc Cerrone and Giorgio Moroder. \\\"Where You Go I Go Too\\\" is often classified as \\\"space disco\\\" due to these influences and because it possesses a \\\"spacey, psychedelic\\\" sound. Lindstrøm listened to the Beach Boys, the Eagles, and Kirsty MacColl while writing the album. \\\"Where You Go I Go Too\\\" debuted at No. 11 on the Norwegian music chart. The following week it fell to No. 27 before leaving the list. The record did not chart internationally. In 2009, \\\"Where You Go I Go Too\\\" received a Spellemannprisen award for \\\"best electronica album\\\". The album was well received\",\n \"title\": \"Where You Go I Go Too\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18759706\",\n \"text\": \"Fabian Goodall Fabian Goodall (born 13 December 1994) is an Australian,Fijian professional footballer who is currently playing for the Western Rams in the Intrust Super Cup. Goodall is a Fiji representative. Born in Sydney, New South Wales, Goodall is of Fijian descent. Goodall played his junior football for the Wentworthville Magpies and attended The Hills Sports High School before being signed by the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles. Goodall played for the Sea Eagles NYC side in 2012 when he was also selected into Laure Daley's \\\"Blues in Waiting\\\" Origin Pathways Squad. In late 2012 Goodall signed with the Parramatta Eels, playing\",\n \"title\": \"Fabian Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18759708\",\n \"text\": \"win at Cbus Super Stadium. On 7 May 2016, Goodall played for Fiji against Papua New Guinea in the 2016 Melanesian Cup where he played in the second row position in the 24-22 loss at Parramatta Stadium. In August 2016, Goodall made the switch from league to union after signing with National Rugby Championship (NRC) side, . Fabian Goodall Fabian Goodall (born 13 December 1994) is an Australian,Fijian professional footballer who is currently playing for the Western Rams in the Intrust Super Cup. Goodall is a Fiji representative. Born in Sydney, New South Wales, Goodall is of Fijian descent. Goodall\",\n \"title\": \"Fabian Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7735024\",\n \"text\": \"Ice Arena where they defeated the Adelaide Avalanche. The Goodall Cup was withdrawn from the AIHL in 2009 by the cup's custodians, Ice Hockey Australia (IHA). It was instead awarded to South Australia in a traditional state vs state tournament held in Adelaide, South Australia in October 2009 as a 100-year celebration of the Goodall Cup. To mark the centenary championship, a single band of gold plaques circles the trophy with each containing the name of each State Team. Those teams that did not participate in the centenary final match have the words \\\"Non-participants\\\" under the state name. The original\",\n \"title\": \"Goodall Cup\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15994337\",\n \"text\": \"2008 as selectman in his hometown of Richmond. Goodall graduated from the College of Agriculture and Natural Resources at the University of Connecticut. He also graduated from the University of Maine School of Law in 2005. As of 2010, he was the youngest member of the Maine Senate. He is co-chair of the Maine Economic Growth Council. A practicing lawyer, he is part of the law firm Dyer, Goodall & Denison, P.A. in Augusta. Seth Goodall has had the followin gpolitical experience: Seth Goodall Seth Goodall is an American politician and lawyer. Goodall served as a Democratic State Senator from\",\n \"title\": \"Seth Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18488783\",\n \"text\": \"Charlotte Goodall Mrs Goodall or Charlotte Goodall or Charlotte Stanton (1766 – July 1830) was a British actress known for her comedy roles at Drury Lane. She married Thomas Goodall and they were involved in a noted legal case. Charlotte Stanton (Goodall) was born in 1766. Her father ran an acting company and that is where she learnt her profession. Her father had bought property in Staffordshire on the profits from his acting company. She was discovered in Bath where she was playing Rosalind by John Palmer. She appeared in several leading parts in Bristol and Bath before appearing again\",\n \"title\": \"Charlotte Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8983072\",\n \"text\": \"people to develop as confident and positive individuals. Literally, roots and shoots mean: A deeper connotation of Roots & Shoots is: By bonding, they can break through the brick walls, a metaphorical representation of the problems human beings suffer from globally. Roots & Shoots began with 16 students who were interested in animals and environment conservation. However, they realised they were not able to obtain sufficient support and resources they would need from school. They, therefore, went to meet Dr. Goodall on her front porch in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania in 1991. After a deep conversation, they returned to school\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall Institute (Hong Kong)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9930693\",\n \"text\": \"Josh Goodall Joshua Jake Goodall (born 17 October 1985) is a retired English tennis player, former British no 2 and Davis Cup player. He is currently a tennis coach. Goodall attended Cranbourne School, now called Cranbourne Business and Enterprise College. His parents remortgaged their house five times to support his tennis career. On 23 June 2007 Goodall reached his only ATP (World) Tour final, in doubles, at the Nottingham Open. He and partner Ross Hutchins lost that match in three sets 6–4, 3–6, [5–10] to Eric Butorac and Jamie Murray. Goodall was British no 2, behind Andy Murray from 13\",\n \"title\": \"Josh Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18488786\",\n \"text\": \"letters sent by the lawyer, Fletcher, to Charlotte. Goodall died in Somers Town in London in July 1830, shortly before the 19th. Charlotte Goodall Mrs Goodall or Charlotte Goodall or Charlotte Stanton (1766 – July 1830) was a British actress known for her comedy roles at Drury Lane. She married Thomas Goodall and they were involved in a noted legal case. Charlotte Stanton (Goodall) was born in 1766. Her father ran an acting company and that is where she learnt her profession. Her father had bought property in Staffordshire on the profits from his acting company. She was discovered in\",\n \"title\": \"Charlotte Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9182963\",\n \"text\": \"put under house arrest. When the war ended, they wanted to get rid of us, and they started with the troublemakers, which included me.\\\"(Oliver Goodall) One officer Lt. Terry was fined $150 for offering violence against a superior officer.(Freeman Field Mutiny\\\") and the rest of the men were let go, it was not until 50 years later that the Air Force finally set aside the reprimands, which haunted these men throughout their careers(Freeman Field Mutiny). And now many of the Tuskegee Airmen travel and talk about the unfair treatment they have received. Oliver Goodall Oliver Goodall (May 28, 1922 –\",\n \"title\": \"Oliver Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9182946\",\n \"text\": \"Oliver Goodall Oliver Goodall (May 28, 1922 – October 30, 2010) was one of the Tuskegee Airmen. He was involved in the Freeman Field Mutiny, and he was active member in the Tuskegee Airmen, Inc. Goodall attended the University of Detroit. He joined the Tuskegee airmen in Pasadena. Although Goodall was a Tuskegee Airmen, he did most of his training at Selfridge Field with the rest of the 477th medium bomber group. As an African American he faced a lot of racism. He overcame this to become a pilot. After his training he was assigned to the 477th Bombardment Group.\",\n \"title\": \"Oliver Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20421053\",\n \"text\": \"consensus reads, \\\"\\\"Jane\\\" honors its subject's legacy with an absorbing, beautifully filmed, and overall enlightening look at her decades of invaluable work.\\\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 87 out of 100, based on 24 critics, indicating \\\"universal acclaim\\\". Jane (2017 film) Jane is a 2017 American biographical documentary film directed and written by Brett Morgen about primatologist, ethologist, and anthropologist Jane Goodall. The film had its world premiere at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival at Winter Garden Theatre on September 10, 2017. Jane Goodall, a young and untrained woman, challenges the male dominated scientific\",\n \"title\": \"Jane (2017 film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9930694\",\n \"text\": \"August 2012 with a world ranking of 196, until 19 November 2012. Goodall played Davis Cup twice, in the 2009 Europe/Africa Zone Group I first round against Ukraine and the 2012 Europe/Africa Zone Group I second round against Belgium. At the Belgium tie, Goodall was the British no 1, in the absence of Andy Murray. Josh Goodall Joshua Jake Goodall (born 17 October 1985) is a retired English tennis player, former British no 2 and Davis Cup player. He is currently a tennis coach. Goodall attended Cranbourne School, now called Cranbourne Business and Enterprise College. His parents remortgaged their house\",\n \"title\": \"Josh Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560204\",\n \"text\": \"The Trimates. She was accompanied by her mother, whose presence was necessary to satisfy the requirements of David Anstey, chief warden, who was concerned for their safety. Leakey arranged funding and in 1962, he sent Goodall, who had no degree, to Cambridge University. She went to Newnham College, and obtained a PhD degree in ethology. She became the eighth person to be allowed to study for a PhD there without first having obtained a BA or BSc. Her thesis was completed in 1965 under the tutorship of Robert Hinde, titled \\\"Behaviour of free-living chimpanzees\\\", detailing her first five years of\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17174907\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Waiting for the Ferry-boat\\\", and \\\"The Tired Lace-maker\\\". A number of these were lithographed in a series entitled \\\"Walter Goodall's Rustic Sketches\\\". Goodall also made drawings from pictures in the Vernon Gallery for engravings published in \\\"The Art Journal\\\". Walter Goodall (painter) Walter Goodall (6 November 1830 – 14 May 1889) was an English watercolour painter. He was youngest son of Edward Goodall, the engraver, and brother of the artists Frederick Goodall and Edward Angelo Goodall. He studied in the school of design at Somerset House and at the Royal Academy. About fourteen years before his death Goodall had a\",\n \"title\": \"Walter Goodall (painter)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560226\",\n \"text\": \"unattributed sections lifted from websites about organic tea, tobacco, and \\\"an amateurish astrology site\\\", as well as from Wikipedia. Goodall apologised and stated, \\\"It is important to me that the proper sources are credited, and I will be working diligently with my team to address all areas of concern. My goal is to ensure that when this book is released it is not only up to the highest of standards, but also that the focus be on the crucial messages it conveys.\\\" The book was released on 1 April 2014, after review and the addition of 57 pages of endnotes.\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560214\",\n \"text\": \"the effort to protect chimpanzees and their habitats. With nineteen offices around the world, the JGI is widely recognised for community-centred conservation and development programs in Africa. Its global youth program, Roots & Shoots began in 1991 when a group of 16 local teenagers met with Goodall on her back porch in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. They were eager to discuss a range of problems they knew about from first-hand experience that caused them deep concern. The organisation now has over 10,000 groups in over 100 countries. Due to an overflow of handwritten notes, photographs, and data piling up at\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4830836\",\n \"text\": \"Howard Goodall Howard Lindsay Goodall CBE (; born 26 May 1958) is an English composer of musicals, choral music and music for television. He also presents music-based programmes for television and radio, for which he has won many awards. In May 2008 he was named as a presenter and Composer-in-Residence with the UK radio channel Classic FM, and in May 2009 he was named \\\"Composer of the Year\\\" at the Classic BRIT Awards. Born in Bromley, Kent, Goodall was educated at New College School, Stowe School and Lord Williams's School and read music at Christ Church, Oxford. He is married\",\n \"title\": \"Howard Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17174905\",\n \"text\": \"Walter Goodall (painter) Walter Goodall (6 November 1830 – 14 May 1889) was an English watercolour painter. He was youngest son of Edward Goodall, the engraver, and brother of the artists Frederick Goodall and Edward Angelo Goodall. He studied in the school of design at Somerset House and at the Royal Academy. About fourteen years before his death Goodall had a paralytic seizure, from which he never quite recovered, and during the last few years of his life was unable to practise his art. He died on 14 May 1889, in his fifty-ninth year, leaving a widow and three children.\",\n \"title\": \"Walter Goodall (painter)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560212\",\n \"text\": \"we found that chimpanzees could be brutal—that they, like us, had a darker side to their nature.\\\" She described the 1974–1978 Gombe Chimpanzee War in her memoir, \\\"Through a Window: My Thirty Years with the Chimpanzees of Gombe\\\". Her findings revolutionised contemporary knowledge of chimpanzee behaviour, and were further evidence of the social similarities between humans and chimpanzees, albeit in a much darker manner. Goodall also set herself apart from the traditional conventions of the time by naming the animals in her studies of primates, instead of assigning each a number. Numbering was a nearly universal practice at the time,\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560211\",\n \"text\": \"one-third of the colobus population in the park each year. This alone was a major scientific find which challenged previous conceptions of chimpanzee diet and behaviour. But perhaps more startling, and disturbing, was the tendency for aggression and violence within chimpanzee troops. Goodall observed dominant females deliberately killing the young of other females in the troop to maintain their dominance, sometimes going as far as cannibalism. She says of this revelation, \\\"During the first ten years of the study I had believed […] that the Gombe chimpanzees were, for the most part, rather nicer than human beings. […] Then suddenly\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560208\",\n \"text\": \"tickling, what we consider \\\"human\\\" actions. Goodall insists that these gestures are evidence of \\\"the close, supportive, affectionate bonds that develop between family members and other individuals within a community, which can persist throughout a life span of more than 50 years.\\\" These findings suggest that similarities between humans and chimpanzees exist in more than genes alone, and can be seen in emotion, intelligence, and family and social relationships. Goodall's research at Gombe Stream is best known to the scientific community for challenging two long-standing beliefs of the day: that only humans could construct and use tools, and that chimpanzees\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560207\",\n \"text\": \"She began studying the Kasakela chimpanzee community in Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania, in 1960. Without collegiate training directing her research, Goodall observed things that strict scientific doctrines may have overlooked. Instead of numbering the chimpanzees she observed, she gave them names such as Fifi and David Greybeard, and observed them to have unique and individual personalities, an unconventional idea at the time. She found that, \\\"it isn't only human beings who have personality, who are capable of rational thought [and] emotions like joy and sorrow.\\\" She also observed behaviours such as hugs, kisses, pats on the back, and even\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15832704\",\n \"text\": \"adequate linguistic competence and research methodology ... and her major arguments cannot withstand close scrutiny. Her conclusion fails to consider all the evidence supporting Marco Polo's credibility.\\\" Did Marco Polo Go to China? Did Marco Polo Go to China? is a 1995 book, by Frances Wood, arguing that Italian explorer Marco Polo never visited China but travelled no further than Persia and that he based his description of China on accounts from Persian travelers. The book notes that Polo failed to mention the Great Wall, the use of chopsticks as eating utensils, tea, foot-binding, Chinese calligraphy or other significant features\",\n \"title\": \"Did Marco Polo Go to China?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15832699\",\n \"text\": \"Did Marco Polo Go to China? Did Marco Polo Go to China? is a 1995 book, by Frances Wood, arguing that Italian explorer Marco Polo never visited China but travelled no further than Persia and that he based his description of China on accounts from Persian travelers. The book notes that Polo failed to mention the Great Wall, the use of chopsticks as eating utensils, tea, foot-binding, Chinese calligraphy or other significant features and that there are no Chinese records of Polo's presence. Thus it is a typical example of an argument from silence. Some archeologists have pointed to inconsistencies\",\n \"title\": \"Did Marco Polo Go to China?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20421052\",\n \"text\": \"Jane (2017 film) Jane is a 2017 American biographical documentary film directed and written by Brett Morgen about primatologist, ethologist, and anthropologist Jane Goodall. The film had its world premiere at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival at Winter Garden Theatre on September 10, 2017. Jane Goodall, a young and untrained woman, challenges the male dominated scientific consensus of her time with her chimpanzee research and revolutionizes people's understanding of the natural world On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 98% based on 93 reviews, and an average rating of 8.4/10. The website's critical\",\n \"title\": \"Jane (2017 film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16980054\",\n \"text\": \"Joseph Goodall Joseph Goodall (1760–1840) was an English cleric and Provost of Eton. He was born 2 March 1760, in Westminster, the son of Joseph Goodall, and was elected to King's College, Cambridge, from Eton College, in 1778. There he gained Browne's medals in 1781 and 1782, and the Craven scholarship in 1782. He graduated B.A. in 1783 and M.A. in 1786. In 1783 Goodall became a Fellow of King's and assistant-master at Eton. In 1801 he was appointed head-master of the school, which kept up its numbers and reputation under him. In 1808 he became canon of Windsor on\",\n \"title\": \"Joseph Goodall\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"560229\",\n \"text\": \"Most Excellent Order of the British Empire in a ceremony held in Buckingham Palace in 2004. In April 2002, Secretary-General Kofi Annan named Goodall a United Nations Messenger of Peace. Her other honours include the Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement, the French Legion of Honor, Medal of Tanzania, Japan's prestigious Kyoto Prize, the Benjamin Franklin Medal in Life Science, the Gandhi-King Award for Nonviolence and the Spanish Prince of Asturias Awards. She is also a member of the advisory board of \\\"BBC Wildlife\\\" magazine and a patron of Population Matters (formerly the Optimum Population Trust). She has received many tributes,\",\n \"title\": \"Jane Goodall\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["university of cambridge"],"string":"[\n \"university of cambridge\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":588,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"who won 2012 presidential election in france?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"13306043","text":"2012 French presidential election A presidential election was held in France on 22 April 2012 (or 21 April in some overseas departments and territories), with a second round run-off held on 6 May (or 5 May for those same territories) to elect the President of France (who is also \"ex officio\" one of the two joint heads of state of Andorra, a sovereign state). The incumbent Nicolas Sarkozy was running for a second successive and, under the terms of the constitution, final term in the election. The first round ended with the selection of François Hollande and Nicolas Sarkozy as","title":"2012 French presidential election"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13306043\",\n \"text\": \"2012 French presidential election A presidential election was held in France on 22 April 2012 (or 21 April in some overseas departments and territories), with a second round run-off held on 6 May (or 5 May for those same territories) to elect the President of France (who is also \\\"ex officio\\\" one of the two joint heads of state of Andorra, a sovereign state). The incumbent Nicolas Sarkozy was running for a second successive and, under the terms of the constitution, final term in the election. The first round ended with the selection of François Hollande and Nicolas Sarkozy as\",\n \"title\": \"2012 French presidential election\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"16167858","text":"politics of the country. 2012 Slovenian presidential election Presidential elections were held in Slovenia on 11 November 2012, with a run-off held on 2 December 2012. Slovenia's 1.7 million registered voters chose between the incumbent president Danilo Türk, the SDS/NSi party candidate Milan Zver and Borut Pahor of the Social Democrats who was also supported by the Civic List. The first round was won, contrary to the opinion poll predictions, by Pahor, with Türk placing second. In the run-off election, Pahor won with roughly two thirds of the vote. Under Slovenian Election Law, candidates for president require support of either:","title":"2012 Slovenian presidential election"},{"psg_id":"16167840","text":"2012 Slovenian presidential election Presidential elections were held in Slovenia on 11 November 2012, with a run-off held on 2 December 2012. Slovenia's 1.7 million registered voters chose between the incumbent president Danilo Türk, the SDS/NSi party candidate Milan Zver and Borut Pahor of the Social Democrats who was also supported by the Civic List. The first round was won, contrary to the opinion poll predictions, by Pahor, with Türk placing second. In the run-off election, Pahor won with roughly two thirds of the vote. Under Slovenian Election Law, candidates for president require support of either: Each political party can","title":"2012 Slovenian presidential election"},{"psg_id":"16211024","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Missouri The 2012 United States presidential election in Missouri took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 general election, in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia participated. Missouri voters chose 10 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. On election day, Missouri was won by Mitt Romney, who took 53.76% of the vote","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Missouri"},{"psg_id":"13969713","text":"to the law.\" 2012 Egyptian presidential election A presidential election was held in Egypt in two rounds, the first on 23 and 24 May 2012 and the second on 16 and 17 June. The Muslim Brotherhood declared early 18 June 2012, that its candidate, Mohamed Morsi, won Egypt's presidential election, which would be the first victory of an Islamist as head of state in the Arab world. It was the second presidential election in Egypt's history with more than one candidate, following the 2005 election, and the first presidential election after the 2011 Egyptian revolution which ousted president Hosni Mubarak,","title":"2012 Egyptian presidential election"},{"psg_id":"13969675","text":"2012 Egyptian presidential election A presidential election was held in Egypt in two rounds, the first on 23 and 24 May 2012 and the second on 16 and 17 June. The Muslim Brotherhood declared early 18 June 2012, that its candidate, Mohamed Morsi, won Egypt's presidential election, which would be the first victory of an Islamist as head of state in the Arab world. It was the second presidential election in Egypt's history with more than one candidate, following the 2005 election, and the first presidential election after the 2011 Egyptian revolution which ousted president Hosni Mubarak, during the Arab","title":"2012 Egyptian presidential election"},{"psg_id":"16211033","text":"by number of counties won Caucus results by county There were controversies surrounding the caucuses in Clay and Cass counties. The Missouri Republican Party ruled later that the slates of delegates elected at those caucuses were valid. A do-over caucus was required in St. Charles County after the first attempt disbanded over a rules dispute. Controversy also arose at the Jefferson County caucus, and a challenge was filed but later withdrawn. The following table shows who won the national delegates for each congressional district and statewide. 2012 United States presidential election in Missouri The 2012 United States presidential election in","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Missouri"},{"psg_id":"16204740","text":"with 100.0% (722 of 722 precincts) reporting (510,258 votes total): 2012 United States presidential election in Arizona The 2012 United States presidential election in Arizona took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Arizona has been won by the Republican nominee for president in every election since 1952 except when President Clinton narrowly carried the state in 1996. No Democrat has won a majority in the state since Harry Truman in 1948. Arizona voters chose 11 electors to represent them in the Electoral College","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Arizona"},{"psg_id":"16204732","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Arizona The 2012 United States presidential election in Arizona took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Arizona has been won by the Republican nominee for president in every election since 1952 except when President Clinton narrowly carried the state in 1996. No Democrat has won a majority in the state since Harry Truman in 1948. Arizona voters chose 11 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Arizona"},{"psg_id":"16867225","text":"2012 Palauan presidential election The 2012 presidential election in Palau was held on November 6, 2012, in conjunction with the Palauan general election. Former President (2001-2009) Tommy Remengesau Jr. defeated his successor, Incumbent President of Palau Johnson Toribiong, who was first elected in 2008. President Toribiong conceded the election on social media. 15,305 Palauans were registered to vote in the 2012 presidential and general elections, an increase of 1,516 voters from the previous 2009 election. The presidential and vice presidential primary elections were held on September 26, 2012. The top two candidates in the primary qualified for the presidential general","title":"2012 Palauan presidential election"},{"psg_id":"16867227","text":"nationwide 2012 Palauan general election. Former President Tommy Remengesau defeated incumbent President Johnson Toribiong. 2012 Palauan presidential election The 2012 presidential election in Palau was held on November 6, 2012, in conjunction with the Palauan general election. Former President (2001-2009) Tommy Remengesau Jr. defeated his successor, Incumbent President of Palau Johnson Toribiong, who was first elected in 2008. President Toribiong conceded the election on social media. 15,305 Palauans were registered to vote in the 2012 presidential and general elections, an increase of 1,516 voters from the previous 2009 election. The presidential and vice presidential primary elections were held on September","title":"2012 Palauan presidential election"},{"psg_id":"16213698","text":"was also produced by Kaz Wittig KStar Enterprises. Mitt Romney won the poll by a small margin. This poll was also produced by Kaz Wittig KStar Enterprises. Ron Paul won by a double-digit margin. Results: Notes 2012 United States presidential election in Idaho The 2012 United States presidential election in Idaho took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Idaho voters chose four electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Idaho"},{"psg_id":"20037712","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Guam The 2012 United States presidential election in Guam was held on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participate. Despite the fact that Guam lacks representation in the Electoral College, the island territory has conducted a straw poll for the office of President since 1980, when it picked then-incumbent President Jimmy Carter over Ronald Reagan. In every poll conducted from 1984 to 2012, the results accurately predicted the winner of the election on the mainland. Incumbent President Barack Obama won","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Guam"},{"psg_id":"16867226","text":"election on November 6, 2012. Approximately 12,000 registered voters were eligible to participate. Three candidates contested the presidential primary: Incumbent President Johnson Toribiong, former President Tommy Remengesau Jr., and former Vice President Sandra Pierantozzi, who served as vice president from 2001 to 2005. Remengesau and Toribiong, who placed first and second respectively in the primary, advanced to the November 6th election. Four candidates contested the Vice Presidential primary election on September 26, 2012: Mariur and Bells, who placed first and second, advanced to the November 6th primary election. The presidential election was held on 6 November 2012, coinciding with the","title":"2012 Palauan presidential election"},{"psg_id":"15212112","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Iowa The 2012 United States presidential election in Iowa took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 general election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Iowa voters chose six electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. On election day, Barack Obama won Iowa with 51.99% of the vote to Mitt Romney's","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Iowa"},{"psg_id":"16210862","text":"otherwise considered as a safe blue state. The Hawaiian-born President handily won the state's 4 electoral votes by a wide 42.71 percent margin of victory. Candidate Ballot Access: The 2012 Hawaii Republican caucuses took place on March 13, 2012. Certified results doesn't include 858 outstanding votes (write-ins and provisional ballots). 2012 United States presidential election in Hawaii The 2012 United States presidential election in Hawaii took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Hawaii voters chose four electors to represent them in the Electoral","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Hawaii"},{"psg_id":"20037713","text":"the preference vote handily, receiving over 70% of the vote. Mitt Romney won the entire Guam delegation in the March 10th caucus. The Democratic Party caucus took place on May 5. Barack Obama ran unopposed in most primaries across the nation, including Guam. He received 100% of the caucus vote against no opponents. 2012 United States presidential election in Guam The 2012 United States presidential election in Guam was held on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participate. Despite the fact that Guam lacks representation in","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Guam"},{"psg_id":"16575066","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Alabama The 2012 United States presidential election in Alabama took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 general election, in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia participated. Alabama voters chose 9 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. In 2008, Alabama was won by Republican nominee John McCain with a 21.6% margin of","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Alabama"},{"psg_id":"16211036","text":"announced before the national convention in August. The Republican ticket won by a margin of 13.65% 2012 United States presidential election in Montana The 2012 United States presidential election in Montana took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Montana voters chose three electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Montana"},{"psg_id":"16235790","text":"the District of Columbia and Maryland Republican primaries. 2012 United States presidential election in Wisconsin The 2012 United States presidential election in Wisconsin took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Wisconsin voters chose 10 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. When all ballots were counted, Obama won","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Wisconsin"},{"psg_id":"16235787","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Wisconsin The 2012 United States presidential election in Wisconsin took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Wisconsin voters chose 10 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. When all ballots were counted, Obama won 52.83% of the vote to Romney's 45.89%, a","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Wisconsin"},{"psg_id":"16218152","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Virginia The 2012 United States presidential election in Virginia took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Virginia voters chose 13 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Virginia was won by President Barack Obama with 51.16% of the vote to Mitt Romney's","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Virginia"},{"psg_id":"16214972","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Texas The 2012 United States presidential election in Texas took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Texas voters chose 38 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Mitt Romney won the state of Texas with 57.17%, over Barack Obama's 41.38%, a margin","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Texas"},{"psg_id":"16211021","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Mississippi The 2012 United States presidential election in Mississippi took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Mississippi voters chose six electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Romney and Ryan won Mississippi with 55.3% of the popular vote to Obama's and Biden's","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Mississippi"},{"psg_id":"16211016","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Massachusetts The 2012 United States presidential election in Massachusetts took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all fifty states plus The District of Columbia participated. Massachusetts voters chose eleven electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Obama and Biden won Massachusetts with 60.7% of the popular vote to Romney's and Ryan's","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Massachusetts"},{"psg_id":"16210867","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Illinois The 2012 United States presidential election in Illinois took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Illinois voters chose 20 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. The Obama/Biden ticket won Illinois with 57.60% of the popular vote to Romney/Ryan's 40.73%, thus","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Illinois"},{"psg_id":"16204853","text":"rules provide for strict apportionment.\" 2012 United States presidential election in Michigan The 2012 United States presidential election in Michigan took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Michigan voters chose 16 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Michigan was won by Democratic incumbent Barack Obama by a","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Michigan"},{"psg_id":"16204840","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Michigan The 2012 United States presidential election in Michigan took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Michigan voters chose 16 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Michigan was won by Democratic incumbent Barack Obama by a 9.5% margin of victory. Obama","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Michigan"},{"psg_id":"16214941","text":"46.6% for Republican challenger Mitt Romney. Also on the ballot were Jill Stein (of the Green Party) and Gary Johnson (of the Libertarian Party), who received 0.4% and 0.9%, respectively. Other candidates could run as write-in candidates. The state had been considered likely, but not certain, to go to Obama. The primary election to select the Democratic and Republican candidates had been held previously, on April 24, 2012. This was the sixth presidential election in a row where the Democratic candidate won Pennsylvania's electoral votes; the state would vote Republican in the following presidential election. Incumbent Barack Obama ran unopposed","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania"},{"psg_id":"15813396","text":"vote [was] a democratic sham\" and an example of \"faux democracy\". The official turnout was 96.28%. Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow was re-elected with 97% of the vote. 2012 Turkmen presidential election Presidential elections were held in Turkmenistan on 12 February 2012. They were Turkmenistan's fourth presidential elections and decided who would be the country's president for the next five years. Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow won with 97% of the vote. All of them are members of Turkmenistan's only political party, the Democratic Party of Turkmenistan. Campaigning started in October 2011. During the campaign many of the candidates running against the incumbent president expressed their","title":"2012 Turkmen presidential election"},{"psg_id":"15813395","text":"2012 Turkmen presidential election Presidential elections were held in Turkmenistan on 12 February 2012. They were Turkmenistan's fourth presidential elections and decided who would be the country's president for the next five years. Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow won with 97% of the vote. All of them are members of Turkmenistan's only political party, the Democratic Party of Turkmenistan. Campaigning started in October 2011. During the campaign many of the candidates running against the incumbent president expressed their support for him, thus giving rise to suspicions that his victory was more or less guaranteed. According to an expert from the Chatham House, \"the","title":"2012 Turkmen presidential election"},{"psg_id":"16183417","text":"2012 Serbian presidential election The presidential election took place on 6 May 2012 in Serbia, on the same date as the parliamentary election. The election was called following President Boris Tadić's early resignation in order to coincide with the parliamentary and local elections to be held on the same date. The Speaker of the Parliament, Slavica Đukić Dejanović, took over as the Acting President. As no candidate won a majority, a runoff was on 20 May, with incumbent Tadić facing Tomislav Nikolić of the Serbian Progressive Party. According to preliminary results published by CeSID, Ipsos and RIK, Tomislav Nikolić has","title":"2012 Serbian presidential election"},{"psg_id":"16214966","text":"would win, or otherwise considered as a safe red state. Romney won South Dakota by an 18.02% margin of victory. The Republican primary took place on June 5, 2012. 25 delegates will be chosen, for a total of 28 delegates to go to the national convention. 2012 United States presidential election in South Dakota The 2012 United States presidential election in South Dakota took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. South Dakota voters chose three electors to represent them in the Electoral College","title":"2012 United States presidential election in South Dakota"},{"psg_id":"12657557","text":"2012 United States presidential election The 2012 United States presidential election was the 57th quadrennial American presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 6, 2012. The Democratic nominee, President Barack Obama, and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, were elected to a second term. They defeated the Republican ticket of former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts and Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin. As the incumbent president, Obama secured the Democratic nomination with no serious opposition. The Republicans experienced a competitive primary. Romney was consistently competitive in the polls and won the support of many party leaders, but he","title":"2012 United States presidential election"},{"psg_id":"13306077","text":"different, but time will never strain the bonds between us.\" Hollande then spoke at a victory rally in Tulle where he said: He then travelled to Paris, where supporters of the Socialist Party gathered outside the headquarters. He also said that \"Europe is watching us. Austerity isn’t inevitable. My mission now is to give European construction a growth dimension.\" 2012 French presidential election A presidential election was held in France on 22 April 2012 (or 21 April in some overseas departments and territories), with a second round run-off held on 6 May (or 5 May for those same territories) to","title":"2012 French presidential election"},{"psg_id":"16210840","text":"President won the popular vote with 60.24%, with Mitt Romney in second place at 37.12%, and Libertarian candidate Gary Johnson in third place at 1.10%. The Democrats have won the state in every presidential election after Republican George H.W. Bush won the state in 1988. There was no primary in 2012 for the Democratic party. The California Republican 2012 primary took place on June 5, 2012. 169 delegates were chosen, for a total of 172 delegates at the national. As noted in the Green Papers for California, \"159 district delegates are to be bound to presidential contenders based on the","title":"2012 United States presidential election in California"},{"psg_id":"16214952","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Rhode Island The 2012 United States presidential election in Rhode Island took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Rhode Island voters chose four electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Rhode Island was won by Democratic nominee and incumbent President Barack Obama","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Rhode Island"},{"psg_id":"16209787","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Washington (state) The 2012 United States presidential election in Washington took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Washington voters chose 12 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. President Obama won the state of Washington comfortably, taking 56.16% to Mitt Romney's 41.29%,","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Washington (state)"},{"psg_id":"16214938","text":"Democratic victory margin of 12.09%. The Democrats have won the state in every presidential election since 1988. The Democratic primary was held on May 15, 2012. Barack Obama was unopposed for the nomination. The Republican primary occurred on May 15, 2012. Rick Santorum and Newt Gingrich had withdrawn prior to the election, but their names still appeared on the Oregon ballot. In order to participate in the primary, voters were required to register to vote by April 24, 2012. A closed primary was used to elect the presidential, legislative, and local partisan offices. A semi-closed primary, which allowed non-affiliated voters","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Oregon"},{"psg_id":"16214918","text":"had already been declared the party's presumptive nominee. Romney won the North Carolina GOP presidential primary with 65.62% of the vote. Paul (with 11.12% of the vote) narrowly edged out Santorum (with 10.39% of the vote), and Gingrich came in last with 7.64% of the vote. 5.23% of voters registered \"no preference\". The awarded delegate count from North Carolina's Republican state convention was Romney with 48 delegates and Paul with 7 delegates. <br> 2012 United States presidential election in North Carolina The 2012 United States presidential election in North Carolina took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the","title":"2012 United States presidential election in North Carolina"},{"psg_id":"16308282","text":"are earned by those alone who conquer them each day anew.\" 2012 German presidential election An early indirect presidential election (officially the 15th Federal Convention) was held in Germany on 18 March 2012, the last possible day following the resignation of Christian Wulff as President of Germany on 17 February 2012. Joachim Gauck was elected on the first ballot by a Federal Convention, consisting of the 620 members of the Bundestag and an equal number of members selected by the states of Germany based on proportional representation. On 19 February 2012, Joachim Gauck was nominated as the joint presidential candidate","title":"2012 German presidential election"},{"psg_id":"16223191","text":"or otherwise considered as a safe red state. Utah is among the most heavily Republican states, voting for the Republican ticket in every presidential election since 1968, and is also the only state to have a majority Mormon population, benefiting Romney, the first Mormon to head a major party presidential ticket. He carried every county in the state, all by large margins. However, Obama won reelection nationwide. With 72.62% of the popular vote, Utah would proved to be Romney's strongest state in the 2012 election. Due to Obama running for reelection without serious opposition for the Democratic Party in 2012,","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Utah"},{"psg_id":"16065821","text":"2012 Icelandic presidential election Presidential elections were held in Iceland on 30 June 2012. The result was a victory for the incumbent Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, who defeated his nearest rival Thóra Arnórsdóttir by nearly 20% of the vote, and went on to serve a record fifth term as president of Iceland. There were six candidates, but the election became a contest between the incumbent President, and the journalist Thóra Arnórsdóttir, who wanted to return the presidency to a more ceremonial role. Main candidates: Others: Two other candidates declared their intent to stand in the election, but later dropped out: After","title":"2012 Icelandic presidential election"},{"psg_id":"20121018","text":"absolute majority (including blank and void ballots) of votes in the first round, a second round is held two weeks later between the two candidates who received the most votes. Since 1965, when the current (direct) election system was introduced, every election has gone to a second round. The latest election was in 2017. The first round was held on 23 April 2017, the second on 7 May. Presidential elections in France Presidential elections in France determine who will serve as the President of France for the next several years. Currently they are held once in five years (formerly seven).","title":"Presidential elections in France"},{"psg_id":"13969683","text":"from the race. As a replacement, the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt fielded Mohamed Morsi, chairman of the Freedom and Justice Party, he faced Ahmed Shafik in a run-off vote on 16–17 June 2012. On 24 June 2012, Egypt's election commission announced that Muslim Brotherhood candidate Mohamed Morsi has won Egypt's presidential runoff. Morsi won by a narrow margin over Ahmed Shafik, the last prime minister under deposed leader Hosni Mubarak. The commission said Morsi took 51.7 percent of the vote versus 48.3 for Shafik. Ahmed Shafik officially launched his presidential campaign on 2 November 2011. He was the last Prime","title":"2012 Egyptian presidential election"},{"psg_id":"16807280","text":"in the 2012 presidential election, and was also the closest. Despite Tampa having been the site of the 2012 Republican National Convention, Barack Obama ultimately carried the state of Florida with 50.01% of the vote, to Mitt Romney's 49.13%, a margin of 0.88%. Having also won the state in 2008, Obama's 2012 victory made him the first Democratic president since Franklin D. Roosevelt to carry Florida for the Democrats in two consecutive presidential elections. The Republican primary was held on January 31, 2012. Fifty delegates were at stake, none of them RNC (or super) delegates; it is unclear whether these","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Florida"},{"psg_id":"16211018","text":"presidential candidate swept every one of the state's fourteen counties. Consequently, Romney became the first candidate since Theodore Roosevelt one hundred years earlier to claim an electoral vote yet win no county in his home state. The 2012 election also marks the third consecutive instance where a major party's presidential candidate who considered Massachusetts as his home state lost (this also happened in 1988 and 2004 when Michael Dukakis and John Kerry respectively lost their bids). Incumbent president Barack Obama won the Democratic Primary with 81% of the vote. He wasn't challenged in the primary and the rest of the","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Massachusetts"},{"psg_id":"16039080","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Nevada The 2012 United States presidential election in Nevada took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Nevada voters chose six electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Nevada has voted for the winner in every presidential election from 1912 onwards, except in","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Nevada"},{"psg_id":"16210833","text":"for Mitt Romney at the 2012 Republican National Convention. Rick Santorum and Newt Gingrich withdrew from the presidential race on April 10 and May 2, 2012, respectively. Both endorsed Mitt Romney as the nominee. 2012 United States presidential election in Arkansas The 2012 United States presidential election in Arkansas took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Arkansas voters chose six electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Arkansas"},{"psg_id":"16575346","text":"to the Nevada Republican caucuses, 2012, the results of the presidential preference poll will be used to directly and proportionately apportion 24 national convention delegates among the candidates. Another 3 super delegates are unbound and not determined by the caucus results. 2012 United States presidential election in Alaska The 2012 United States presidential election in Alaska took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Alaska voters chose three electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Alaska"},{"psg_id":"16210945","text":"the presidential race on April 10 and May 2, 2012, respectively. Both endorsed Mitt Romney as the Republican nominee. 2012 United States presidential election in Kentucky The 2012 United States presidential election in Kentucky took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Kentucky voters chose eight electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Kentucky"},{"psg_id":"11734297","text":"2012 Taiwan presidential election The election for the 13th-term President and Vice-President of the Republic of China was held on 14 January 2012. The election was held concurrently with legislative elections. It was the fifth direct election for the President of the Republic of China. Prior to 1996, the President was elected by the ROC's National Assembly and not directly by the people. Incumbent Ma Ying-jeou was re-elected as President with 51.6% of the vote. DPP challenger Tsai Ing-wen resigned her post as chairperson of the DPP following her election defeat. The Kuomintang (KMT or Chinese Nationalist Party) ticket won","title":"2012 Taiwan presidential election"},{"psg_id":"20121015","text":"Presidential elections in France Presidential elections in France determine who will serve as the President of France for the next several years. Currently they are held once in five years (formerly seven). They are always held on Sundays. Since 1965 the president has been elected by direct popular vote. There was one presidential election in France during the government known as the Second Republic (1848—1851). It was held in 1848. The president was elected by direct popular vote. There were 15 presidential elections in France during the government known as the Third Republic (1870—1940). According to the Constitutional Laws of","title":"Presidential elections in France"},{"psg_id":"14456458","text":"considered the highest office in our country and should be apolitical. The president should be an apolitical appointee who has the stature and integrity that can hold the political system accountable. How can persons who are in office, holding key ministerial posts, be even eligible for such a post? This is becoming a political chess game which is devaluing this very lofty post.\" 2012 Indian presidential election The 14th indirect presidential election, in order to elect the 13th president, was held in India on 19 July 2012. The last date for filing nominations was 30 June, whereas the votes would","title":"2012 Indian presidential election"},{"psg_id":"15212174","text":"with or leading Romney. , polling aggregator FiveThirtyEight estimates that there is a 66% likelihood that Obama will win Iowa's electoral votes. Iowa's electoral votes have gone to the Democratic candidate in five of the last six presidential elections. 2012 United States presidential election in Iowa The 2012 United States presidential election in Iowa took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 general election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Iowa voters chose six electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Iowa"},{"psg_id":"15212117","text":"It should be noted that the secret polling results at Republican caucus sites were unrelated to the delegate selection process in 2012, although that has been changed for the 2016 election cycle. If the Iowa 2012 Republican caucuses were regarded as the start of the Republican delegate selection process for the 2012 United States presidential election, the real caucus process was the election of Republican delegates to the county conventions, who would eventually determine the delegates at the state convention in June 2012. This would, in turn, determine the Iowa delegates who would attend the Republican National Convention in August,","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Iowa"},{"psg_id":"16214976","text":"26 date for the election. Finally, on March 1, 2012, the court issued an order setting the date of the primary to May 29, 2012. 2012 United States presidential election in Texas The 2012 United States presidential election in Texas took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Texas voters chose 38 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Texas"},{"psg_id":"16223192","text":"no Democratic Primary was held in Utah. The Republican primary took place on 26 June 2012. 37 delegates were chosen, for a total of 40 delegates to go to the national convention, all pledged to the primary winner. In 2008, Mitt Romney received major support from the Mormon (LDS) and other religious population and was able to carry the state with 89.49% of the vote. Romney led the polling in 2012 and won the primary by a large margin. Candidate Ballot Access: Write in Access: Romney won all four congressional districts. 2012 United States presidential election in Utah The 2012","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Utah"},{"psg_id":"16214934","text":"part of the State's election system\". 2012 United States presidential election in Oklahoma The 2012 United States presidential election in Oklahoma took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Oklahoma voters chose seven electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Oklahoma in recent years has become one of the","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Oklahoma"},{"psg_id":"16575343","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Alaska The 2012 United States presidential election in Alaska took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Alaska voters chose three electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Prior to the election, 17 news organizations considered this a state Romney would win, or","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Alaska"},{"psg_id":"16235791","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Nebraska The 2012 United States presidential election in Nebraska took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Nebraska voters chose five electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. On election day, Mitt Romney carried the state of Nebraska, taking 59.80% of the vote","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Nebraska"},{"psg_id":"16223190","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Utah The 2012 United States presidential election in Utah took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Utah voters chose six electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Prior to the election, all 17 news organizations considered this a state Romney would win,","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Utah"},{"psg_id":"16222207","text":"and the state convention on April 12–14. 2012 United States presidential election in Wyoming The 2012 United States presidential election in Wyoming took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Wyoming voters chose three electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Prior to the election, 17 news organizations considered","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Wyoming"},{"psg_id":"16222204","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Wyoming The 2012 United States presidential election in Wyoming took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Wyoming voters chose three electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Prior to the election, 17 news organizations considered this a state Romney would win, or","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Wyoming"},{"psg_id":"16214937","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Oregon The 2012 United States presidential election in Oregon took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Oregon voters chose seven electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. On election day, Obama carried Oregon with 54.24% of the vote to Romney's 42.15%, a","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Oregon"},{"psg_id":"16214919","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Ohio The 2012 United States presidential election in Ohio took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Ohio voters chose 18 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. This continued the streak of having the winner of the overall election winning Ohio as","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Ohio"},{"psg_id":"16213693","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Idaho The 2012 United States presidential election in Idaho took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Idaho voters chose four electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Prior to the election, 17 news organizations considered this a state Romney would win, or","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Idaho"},{"psg_id":"16211023","text":"the Hawaii Republican caucuses. After the open election, 37 bound delegates and three unbound delegates will go to the Republican National Convention. 2012 United States presidential election in Mississippi The 2012 United States presidential election in Mississippi took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Mississippi voters chose six electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Mississippi"},{"psg_id":"16210939","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Kentucky The 2012 United States presidential election in Kentucky took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Kentucky voters chose eight electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. On election day Romney carried Kentucky by a landslide margin, winning 60.49% of the vote","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Kentucky"},{"psg_id":"16210861","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Hawaii The 2012 United States presidential election in Hawaii took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Hawaii voters chose four electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Prior to the election, 17 news organizations considered this a state Obama would win, or","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Hawaii"},{"psg_id":"16204784","text":"for a candidate. 2012 United States presidential election in Minnesota The 2012 United States presidential election in Minnesota took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Minnesota voters chose 10 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Minnesota backed incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama for re-election, giving him 52.65%","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Minnesota"},{"psg_id":"16204781","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Minnesota The 2012 United States presidential election in Minnesota took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Minnesota voters chose 10 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Minnesota backed incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama for re-election, giving him 52.65% of the vote,","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Minnesota"},{"psg_id":"16575068","text":"polls that have been taken in Alabama have consistently showed Mitt Romney to be leading Barack Obama. The latest predictions: The 2012 Alabama Republican primary took place on March 13, 2012, on the same day as the Mississippi Republican primary and the Hawaii Republican caucuses. Rick Santorum was declared the winner. 2012 United States presidential election in Alabama The 2012 United States presidential election in Alabama took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 general election, in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia participated. Alabama voters chose 9 electors to represent them in the","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Alabama"},{"psg_id":"16210848","text":"Republican 2012 primary took place on April 24, 2012. 2012 United States presidential election in Delaware The 2012 United States presidential election in Delaware took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Delaware voters chose three electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Candidate Ballot Access: Write-In Candidate Access:","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Delaware"},{"psg_id":"16210871","text":"run against the incumbent Democratic President, Barack Obama. The Illinois Republican 2012 primary took place on March 20, 2012. 2012 United States presidential election in Illinois The 2012 United States presidential election in Illinois took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Illinois voters chose 20 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Illinois"},{"psg_id":"16211050","text":"delegates to go to the national convention. 2012 United States presidential election in New Mexico The 2012 United States presidential election in New Mexico took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. This was the 25th U.S. presidential election in which New Mexico participated. New Mexico voters chose five electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney","title":"2012 United States presidential election in New Mexico"},{"psg_id":"16211047","text":"2012 United States presidential election in New Mexico The 2012 United States presidential election in New Mexico took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. This was the 25th U.S. presidential election in which New Mexico participated. New Mexico voters chose five electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan.","title":"2012 United States presidential election in New Mexico"},{"psg_id":"15911779","text":"2012 East Timorese presidential election A presidential election was held in Timor-Leste on 17 March and 16 April 2012 to choose a president for a five-year term. Incumbent president Jose Ramos-Horta, who was eligible for a second and final term as president, announced that he would seek nomination to be a candidate in the election. The election was seen as a test for the \"young democracy\" in seeking to take control of its own security. Former military commander Taur Matan Ruak provisionally beat Francisco Guterres in a second round runoff. The presidency is seen as a unifying post for the","title":"2012 East Timorese presidential election"},{"psg_id":"16211000","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Louisiana The 2012 United States presidential election in Louisiana took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Louisiana voters chose eight electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. President Barack Obama received little opposition in the 2012 Democratic primaries, handily winning overall with","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Louisiana"},{"psg_id":"16210847","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Delaware The 2012 United States presidential election in Delaware took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Delaware voters chose three electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Candidate Ballot Access: Write-In Candidate Access: The Delaware Democratic 2012 primary was cancelled. The Delaware","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Delaware"},{"psg_id":"16235794","text":"bound to vote for any candidate, but at the state convention on July 14, elected 32 bound National delegates. 3 party leaders attended the National Convention unbound, making a total of 35 voting delegates going to the national convention from Nebraska. The State Convention was held in Grand Island on July 14, 2012. 2012 United States presidential election in Nebraska The 2012 United States presidential election in Nebraska took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Nebraska voters chose five electors to represent them","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Nebraska"},{"psg_id":"16211014","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Maryland The 2012 United States presidential election in Maryland took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 general election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Maryland voters chose 10 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. The Republican primary took place on April 3, 2012, the same day as the District","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Maryland"},{"psg_id":"15732283","text":"Susan DeLemus, and NH Tea-Party luminary Jerry DeLemus. Testerman and the DeLemus' endorsed Rick after having defected from the Bachmann camp. 2012 New Hampshire Presidential polling New Hampshire was rated as a toss-up to Lean D state. Polling showed a consistent single digit polling lead for President Obama. 2012 United States presidential election in New Hampshire The 2012 United States presidential election in New Hampshire took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. New Hampshire voters chose four electors to represent them in the","title":"2012 United States presidential election in New Hampshire"},{"psg_id":"15203005","text":"constituencies. President Tong's percentage of the vote (42%) was much less than his 2007 re-election, when he received 64% of the popular vote. Voter turnout was approximately 68% for the election. This was higher than the 2007 presidential elections, when voter participation was a little over 50%. 2012 Kiribati presidential election Presidential elections were held in Kiribati on 13 January 2012, following two-round parliamentary elections held in October 2011. Incumbent President Anote Tong sought re-election to a third four-year term, ending months of speculation about his decision. Tong beat Tetaua Taitai of the United Coalition Party and Rimeta Beniamina of","title":"2012 Kiribati presidential election"},{"psg_id":"16308274","text":"2012 German presidential election An early indirect presidential election (officially the 15th Federal Convention) was held in Germany on 18 March 2012, the last possible day following the resignation of Christian Wulff as President of Germany on 17 February 2012. Joachim Gauck was elected on the first ballot by a Federal Convention, consisting of the 620 members of the Bundestag and an equal number of members selected by the states of Germany based on proportional representation. On 19 February 2012, Joachim Gauck was nominated as the joint presidential candidate of the governing coalition (CDU, CSU, and FDP) and the opposition","title":"2012 German presidential election"},{"psg_id":"16211026","text":"well as the first time since 1900 when the overall loser of the presidential election won the state by a margin larger than 1% of the statewide vote. Obama carried only three counties and the City of St. Louis. He carried Boone County, home to Columbia and the University of Missouri; Jackson County, where most of Kansas City is located; and St. Louis County. The Missouri Republican 2012 primary took place on February 7 and the caucuses ran from March 15 to March 24, 2012, except for one rescheduled for April 10. The primary election did not determine which delegates","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Missouri"},{"psg_id":"16807277","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Florida The 2012 United States presidential election in Florida took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Florida voters chose 29 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Several counties in the state suffered delays in finalizing their votes. This was caused in","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Florida"},{"psg_id":"16214928","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Oklahoma The 2012 United States presidential election in Oklahoma took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Oklahoma voters chose seven electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Oklahoma in recent years has become one of the most conservative states in the nation;","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Oklahoma"},{"psg_id":"16211020","text":"winning 2, and a tie in 1), earning the majority in all but 53 towns. Candidate Ballot Access: 2012 United States presidential election in Massachusetts The 2012 United States presidential election in Massachusetts took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all fifty states plus The District of Columbia participated. Massachusetts voters chose eleven electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate,","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Massachusetts"},{"psg_id":"16218159","text":"prevail, the candidate plaintiffs' failure to file in a timely fashion required dismissal. 2012 United States presidential election in Virginia The 2012 United States presidential election in Virginia took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Virginia voters chose 13 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Virginia was","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Virginia"},{"psg_id":"16214980","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Vermont The 2012 United States presidential election in Vermont took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia participated. Vermont voters chose three electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Repeating his success from 2008, Obama again carried Vermont in a landslide, taking 66.57% of","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Vermont"},{"psg_id":"16214947","text":"and Biden cast their votes on 17 December in the State House of Representatives chamber. The Pennsylvania Democratic Committee seated the following electors for this procedure: 2012 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania The 2012 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 general election in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia participated. Pennsylvania voters chose 20 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote. This is a reduction from its 2008 delegation, which had 21 electors; the change was due to reapportionment following","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania"},{"psg_id":"16210842","text":"position.\" Candidate Ballot Access: Write-In Candidate Access: 2012 United States presidential election in California The 2012 United States presidential election in California took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 general election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. California voters chose 55 electors, the most out of any state, to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. According to","title":"2012 United States presidential election in California"},{"psg_id":"16039088","text":"most elected delegates to the RNC are still bound to vote for Romney (in the first round of voting), because of Romney's statewide caucuses winning. Allegations of voter fraud have arisen due to a recount of Clark County ballots despite there being no official contest from any of the campaigns. One reason given by the GOP was that there were more ballots cast than people \"signed in\" at some precincts. 2012 United States presidential election in Nevada The 2012 United States presidential election in Nevada took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Nevada"},{"psg_id":"16222283","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Kansas The 2012 United States presidential election in Kansas took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Kansas voters chose six electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Romney and Ryan carried Kansas with 59.66% of the popular vote to Obama's and Biden's","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Kansas"},{"psg_id":"16210853","text":"among candidates winning at least 20% of the vote statewide. Another 42 delegates are allocated by Congressional district, 3 delegates for each district. If a candidate gets a majority in a district, he wins all 3 delegates. If no one get majority, the delegates are split 2 and 1 between the top two candidates respectively. 2012 United States presidential election in Georgia The 2012 United States presidential election in Georgia took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Georgia voters chose 16 electors to","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Georgia"},{"psg_id":"16210851","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Georgia The 2012 United States presidential election in Georgia took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Georgia voters chose 16 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democrat President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Early County is the only county to have flipped from Republican to Democrat. Chattahoochee County","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Georgia"},{"psg_id":"16210843","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Connecticut The 2012 United States presidential election in Connecticut took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Connecticut voters chose seven electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Obama and Biden carried Connecticut with 58.1% of the popular vote to Romney's and Ryan's","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Connecticut"},{"psg_id":"16210839","text":"2012 United States presidential election in California The 2012 United States presidential election in California took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 general election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. California voters chose 55 electors, the most out of any state, to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. According to Secretary of State Debra Bowen's website, the","title":"2012 United States presidential election in California"},{"psg_id":"16210830","text":"2012 United States presidential election in Arkansas The 2012 United States presidential election in Arkansas took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Arkansas voters chose six electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Romney and Ryan carried Arkansas with 60.57% of the popular vote to Obama's and Biden's","title":"2012 United States presidential election in Arkansas"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16167858\",\n \"text\": \"politics of the country. 2012 Slovenian presidential election Presidential elections were held in Slovenia on 11 November 2012, with a run-off held on 2 December 2012. Slovenia's 1.7 million registered voters chose between the incumbent president Danilo Türk, the SDS/NSi party candidate Milan Zver and Borut Pahor of the Social Democrats who was also supported by the Civic List. The first round was won, contrary to the opinion poll predictions, by Pahor, with Türk placing second. In the run-off election, Pahor won with roughly two thirds of the vote. Under Slovenian Election Law, candidates for president require support of either:\",\n \"title\": \"2012 Slovenian presidential election\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16167840\",\n \"text\": \"2012 Slovenian presidential election Presidential elections were held in Slovenia on 11 November 2012, with a run-off held on 2 December 2012. Slovenia's 1.7 million registered voters chose between the incumbent president Danilo Türk, the SDS/NSi party candidate Milan Zver and Borut Pahor of the Social Democrats who was also supported by the Civic List. The first round was won, contrary to the opinion poll predictions, by Pahor, with Türk placing second. In the run-off election, Pahor won with roughly two thirds of the vote. Under Slovenian Election Law, candidates for president require support of either: Each political party can\",\n \"title\": \"2012 Slovenian presidential election\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16211024\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Missouri The 2012 United States presidential election in Missouri took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 general election, in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia participated. Missouri voters chose 10 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. On election day, Missouri was won by Mitt Romney, who took 53.76% of the vote\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Missouri\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13969713\",\n \"text\": \"to the law.\\\" 2012 Egyptian presidential election A presidential election was held in Egypt in two rounds, the first on 23 and 24 May 2012 and the second on 16 and 17 June. The Muslim Brotherhood declared early 18 June 2012, that its candidate, Mohamed Morsi, won Egypt's presidential election, which would be the first victory of an Islamist as head of state in the Arab world. It was the second presidential election in Egypt's history with more than one candidate, following the 2005 election, and the first presidential election after the 2011 Egyptian revolution which ousted president Hosni Mubarak,\",\n \"title\": \"2012 Egyptian presidential election\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13969675\",\n \"text\": \"2012 Egyptian presidential election A presidential election was held in Egypt in two rounds, the first on 23 and 24 May 2012 and the second on 16 and 17 June. The Muslim Brotherhood declared early 18 June 2012, that its candidate, Mohamed Morsi, won Egypt's presidential election, which would be the first victory of an Islamist as head of state in the Arab world. It was the second presidential election in Egypt's history with more than one candidate, following the 2005 election, and the first presidential election after the 2011 Egyptian revolution which ousted president Hosni Mubarak, during the Arab\",\n \"title\": \"2012 Egyptian presidential election\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16211033\",\n \"text\": \"by number of counties won Caucus results by county There were controversies surrounding the caucuses in Clay and Cass counties. The Missouri Republican Party ruled later that the slates of delegates elected at those caucuses were valid. A do-over caucus was required in St. Charles County after the first attempt disbanded over a rules dispute. Controversy also arose at the Jefferson County caucus, and a challenge was filed but later withdrawn. The following table shows who won the national delegates for each congressional district and statewide. 2012 United States presidential election in Missouri The 2012 United States presidential election in\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Missouri\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16204740\",\n \"text\": \"with 100.0% (722 of 722 precincts) reporting (510,258 votes total): 2012 United States presidential election in Arizona The 2012 United States presidential election in Arizona took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Arizona has been won by the Republican nominee for president in every election since 1952 except when President Clinton narrowly carried the state in 1996. No Democrat has won a majority in the state since Harry Truman in 1948. Arizona voters chose 11 electors to represent them in the Electoral College\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Arizona\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16204732\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Arizona The 2012 United States presidential election in Arizona took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Arizona has been won by the Republican nominee for president in every election since 1952 except when President Clinton narrowly carried the state in 1996. No Democrat has won a majority in the state since Harry Truman in 1948. Arizona voters chose 11 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Arizona\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16867225\",\n \"text\": \"2012 Palauan presidential election The 2012 presidential election in Palau was held on November 6, 2012, in conjunction with the Palauan general election. Former President (2001-2009) Tommy Remengesau Jr. defeated his successor, Incumbent President of Palau Johnson Toribiong, who was first elected in 2008. President Toribiong conceded the election on social media. 15,305 Palauans were registered to vote in the 2012 presidential and general elections, an increase of 1,516 voters from the previous 2009 election. The presidential and vice presidential primary elections were held on September 26, 2012. The top two candidates in the primary qualified for the presidential general\",\n \"title\": \"2012 Palauan presidential election\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16867227\",\n \"text\": \"nationwide 2012 Palauan general election. Former President Tommy Remengesau defeated incumbent President Johnson Toribiong. 2012 Palauan presidential election The 2012 presidential election in Palau was held on November 6, 2012, in conjunction with the Palauan general election. Former President (2001-2009) Tommy Remengesau Jr. defeated his successor, Incumbent President of Palau Johnson Toribiong, who was first elected in 2008. President Toribiong conceded the election on social media. 15,305 Palauans were registered to vote in the 2012 presidential and general elections, an increase of 1,516 voters from the previous 2009 election. The presidential and vice presidential primary elections were held on September\",\n \"title\": \"2012 Palauan presidential election\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16213698\",\n \"text\": \"was also produced by Kaz Wittig KStar Enterprises. Mitt Romney won the poll by a small margin. This poll was also produced by Kaz Wittig KStar Enterprises. Ron Paul won by a double-digit margin. Results: Notes 2012 United States presidential election in Idaho The 2012 United States presidential election in Idaho took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Idaho voters chose four electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Idaho\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20037712\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Guam The 2012 United States presidential election in Guam was held on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participate. Despite the fact that Guam lacks representation in the Electoral College, the island territory has conducted a straw poll for the office of President since 1980, when it picked then-incumbent President Jimmy Carter over Ronald Reagan. In every poll conducted from 1984 to 2012, the results accurately predicted the winner of the election on the mainland. Incumbent President Barack Obama won\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Guam\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16867226\",\n \"text\": \"election on November 6, 2012. Approximately 12,000 registered voters were eligible to participate. Three candidates contested the presidential primary: Incumbent President Johnson Toribiong, former President Tommy Remengesau Jr., and former Vice President Sandra Pierantozzi, who served as vice president from 2001 to 2005. Remengesau and Toribiong, who placed first and second respectively in the primary, advanced to the November 6th election. Four candidates contested the Vice Presidential primary election on September 26, 2012: Mariur and Bells, who placed first and second, advanced to the November 6th primary election. The presidential election was held on 6 November 2012, coinciding with the\",\n \"title\": \"2012 Palauan presidential election\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15212112\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Iowa The 2012 United States presidential election in Iowa took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 general election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Iowa voters chose six electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. On election day, Barack Obama won Iowa with 51.99% of the vote to Mitt Romney's\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Iowa\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16210862\",\n \"text\": \"otherwise considered as a safe blue state. The Hawaiian-born President handily won the state's 4 electoral votes by a wide 42.71 percent margin of victory. Candidate Ballot Access: The 2012 Hawaii Republican caucuses took place on March 13, 2012. Certified results doesn't include 858 outstanding votes (write-ins and provisional ballots). 2012 United States presidential election in Hawaii The 2012 United States presidential election in Hawaii took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Hawaii voters chose four electors to represent them in the Electoral\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Hawaii\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20037713\",\n \"text\": \"the preference vote handily, receiving over 70% of the vote. Mitt Romney won the entire Guam delegation in the March 10th caucus. The Democratic Party caucus took place on May 5. Barack Obama ran unopposed in most primaries across the nation, including Guam. He received 100% of the caucus vote against no opponents. 2012 United States presidential election in Guam The 2012 United States presidential election in Guam was held on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participate. Despite the fact that Guam lacks representation in\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Guam\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16575066\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Alabama The 2012 United States presidential election in Alabama took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 general election, in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia participated. Alabama voters chose 9 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. In 2008, Alabama was won by Republican nominee John McCain with a 21.6% margin of\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Alabama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16211036\",\n \"text\": \"announced before the national convention in August. The Republican ticket won by a margin of 13.65% 2012 United States presidential election in Montana The 2012 United States presidential election in Montana took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Montana voters chose three electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Montana\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16235790\",\n \"text\": \"the District of Columbia and Maryland Republican primaries. 2012 United States presidential election in Wisconsin The 2012 United States presidential election in Wisconsin took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Wisconsin voters chose 10 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. When all ballots were counted, Obama won\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Wisconsin\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16235787\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Wisconsin The 2012 United States presidential election in Wisconsin took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Wisconsin voters chose 10 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. When all ballots were counted, Obama won 52.83% of the vote to Romney's 45.89%, a\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Wisconsin\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16218152\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Virginia The 2012 United States presidential election in Virginia took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Virginia voters chose 13 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Virginia was won by President Barack Obama with 51.16% of the vote to Mitt Romney's\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Virginia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16214972\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Texas The 2012 United States presidential election in Texas took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Texas voters chose 38 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Mitt Romney won the state of Texas with 57.17%, over Barack Obama's 41.38%, a margin\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Texas\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16211021\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Mississippi The 2012 United States presidential election in Mississippi took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Mississippi voters chose six electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Romney and Ryan won Mississippi with 55.3% of the popular vote to Obama's and Biden's\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Mississippi\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16211016\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Massachusetts The 2012 United States presidential election in Massachusetts took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all fifty states plus The District of Columbia participated. Massachusetts voters chose eleven electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Obama and Biden won Massachusetts with 60.7% of the popular vote to Romney's and Ryan's\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Massachusetts\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16210867\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Illinois The 2012 United States presidential election in Illinois took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Illinois voters chose 20 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. The Obama/Biden ticket won Illinois with 57.60% of the popular vote to Romney/Ryan's 40.73%, thus\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Illinois\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16204853\",\n \"text\": \"rules provide for strict apportionment.\\\" 2012 United States presidential election in Michigan The 2012 United States presidential election in Michigan took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Michigan voters chose 16 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Michigan was won by Democratic incumbent Barack Obama by a\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Michigan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16204840\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Michigan The 2012 United States presidential election in Michigan took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Michigan voters chose 16 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Michigan was won by Democratic incumbent Barack Obama by a 9.5% margin of victory. Obama\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Michigan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16214941\",\n \"text\": \"46.6% for Republican challenger Mitt Romney. Also on the ballot were Jill Stein (of the Green Party) and Gary Johnson (of the Libertarian Party), who received 0.4% and 0.9%, respectively. Other candidates could run as write-in candidates. The state had been considered likely, but not certain, to go to Obama. The primary election to select the Democratic and Republican candidates had been held previously, on April 24, 2012. This was the sixth presidential election in a row where the Democratic candidate won Pennsylvania's electoral votes; the state would vote Republican in the following presidential election. Incumbent Barack Obama ran unopposed\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15813396\",\n \"text\": \"vote [was] a democratic sham\\\" and an example of \\\"faux democracy\\\". The official turnout was 96.28%. Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow was re-elected with 97% of the vote. 2012 Turkmen presidential election Presidential elections were held in Turkmenistan on 12 February 2012. They were Turkmenistan's fourth presidential elections and decided who would be the country's president for the next five years. Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow won with 97% of the vote. All of them are members of Turkmenistan's only political party, the Democratic Party of Turkmenistan. Campaigning started in October 2011. During the campaign many of the candidates running against the incumbent president expressed their\",\n \"title\": \"2012 Turkmen presidential election\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15813395\",\n \"text\": \"2012 Turkmen presidential election Presidential elections were held in Turkmenistan on 12 February 2012. They were Turkmenistan's fourth presidential elections and decided who would be the country's president for the next five years. Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow won with 97% of the vote. All of them are members of Turkmenistan's only political party, the Democratic Party of Turkmenistan. Campaigning started in October 2011. During the campaign many of the candidates running against the incumbent president expressed their support for him, thus giving rise to suspicions that his victory was more or less guaranteed. According to an expert from the Chatham House, \\\"the\",\n \"title\": \"2012 Turkmen presidential election\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16183417\",\n \"text\": \"2012 Serbian presidential election The presidential election took place on 6 May 2012 in Serbia, on the same date as the parliamentary election. The election was called following President Boris Tadić's early resignation in order to coincide with the parliamentary and local elections to be held on the same date. The Speaker of the Parliament, Slavica Đukić Dejanović, took over as the Acting President. As no candidate won a majority, a runoff was on 20 May, with incumbent Tadić facing Tomislav Nikolić of the Serbian Progressive Party. According to preliminary results published by CeSID, Ipsos and RIK, Tomislav Nikolić has\",\n \"title\": \"2012 Serbian presidential election\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16214966\",\n \"text\": \"would win, or otherwise considered as a safe red state. Romney won South Dakota by an 18.02% margin of victory. The Republican primary took place on June 5, 2012. 25 delegates will be chosen, for a total of 28 delegates to go to the national convention. 2012 United States presidential election in South Dakota The 2012 United States presidential election in South Dakota took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. South Dakota voters chose three electors to represent them in the Electoral College\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in South Dakota\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12657557\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election The 2012 United States presidential election was the 57th quadrennial American presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 6, 2012. The Democratic nominee, President Barack Obama, and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, were elected to a second term. They defeated the Republican ticket of former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts and Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin. As the incumbent president, Obama secured the Democratic nomination with no serious opposition. The Republicans experienced a competitive primary. Romney was consistently competitive in the polls and won the support of many party leaders, but he\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13306077\",\n \"text\": \"different, but time will never strain the bonds between us.\\\" Hollande then spoke at a victory rally in Tulle where he said: He then travelled to Paris, where supporters of the Socialist Party gathered outside the headquarters. He also said that \\\"Europe is watching us. Austerity isn’t inevitable. My mission now is to give European construction a growth dimension.\\\" 2012 French presidential election A presidential election was held in France on 22 April 2012 (or 21 April in some overseas departments and territories), with a second round run-off held on 6 May (or 5 May for those same territories) to\",\n \"title\": \"2012 French presidential election\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16210840\",\n \"text\": \"President won the popular vote with 60.24%, with Mitt Romney in second place at 37.12%, and Libertarian candidate Gary Johnson in third place at 1.10%. The Democrats have won the state in every presidential election after Republican George H.W. Bush won the state in 1988. There was no primary in 2012 for the Democratic party. The California Republican 2012 primary took place on June 5, 2012. 169 delegates were chosen, for a total of 172 delegates at the national. As noted in the Green Papers for California, \\\"159 district delegates are to be bound to presidential contenders based on the\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in California\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16214952\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Rhode Island The 2012 United States presidential election in Rhode Island took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Rhode Island voters chose four electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Rhode Island was won by Democratic nominee and incumbent President Barack Obama\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Rhode Island\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16209787\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Washington (state) The 2012 United States presidential election in Washington took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Washington voters chose 12 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. President Obama won the state of Washington comfortably, taking 56.16% to Mitt Romney's 41.29%,\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Washington (state)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16214938\",\n \"text\": \"Democratic victory margin of 12.09%. The Democrats have won the state in every presidential election since 1988. The Democratic primary was held on May 15, 2012. Barack Obama was unopposed for the nomination. The Republican primary occurred on May 15, 2012. Rick Santorum and Newt Gingrich had withdrawn prior to the election, but their names still appeared on the Oregon ballot. In order to participate in the primary, voters were required to register to vote by April 24, 2012. A closed primary was used to elect the presidential, legislative, and local partisan offices. A semi-closed primary, which allowed non-affiliated voters\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Oregon\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16214918\",\n \"text\": \"had already been declared the party's presumptive nominee. Romney won the North Carolina GOP presidential primary with 65.62% of the vote. Paul (with 11.12% of the vote) narrowly edged out Santorum (with 10.39% of the vote), and Gingrich came in last with 7.64% of the vote. 5.23% of voters registered \\\"no preference\\\". The awarded delegate count from North Carolina's Republican state convention was Romney with 48 delegates and Paul with 7 delegates. <br> 2012 United States presidential election in North Carolina The 2012 United States presidential election in North Carolina took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in North Carolina\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16308282\",\n \"text\": \"are earned by those alone who conquer them each day anew.\\\" 2012 German presidential election An early indirect presidential election (officially the 15th Federal Convention) was held in Germany on 18 March 2012, the last possible day following the resignation of Christian Wulff as President of Germany on 17 February 2012. Joachim Gauck was elected on the first ballot by a Federal Convention, consisting of the 620 members of the Bundestag and an equal number of members selected by the states of Germany based on proportional representation. On 19 February 2012, Joachim Gauck was nominated as the joint presidential candidate\",\n \"title\": \"2012 German presidential election\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16223191\",\n \"text\": \"or otherwise considered as a safe red state. Utah is among the most heavily Republican states, voting for the Republican ticket in every presidential election since 1968, and is also the only state to have a majority Mormon population, benefiting Romney, the first Mormon to head a major party presidential ticket. He carried every county in the state, all by large margins. However, Obama won reelection nationwide. With 72.62% of the popular vote, Utah would proved to be Romney's strongest state in the 2012 election. Due to Obama running for reelection without serious opposition for the Democratic Party in 2012,\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Utah\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16065821\",\n \"text\": \"2012 Icelandic presidential election Presidential elections were held in Iceland on 30 June 2012. The result was a victory for the incumbent Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, who defeated his nearest rival Thóra Arnórsdóttir by nearly 20% of the vote, and went on to serve a record fifth term as president of Iceland. There were six candidates, but the election became a contest between the incumbent President, and the journalist Thóra Arnórsdóttir, who wanted to return the presidency to a more ceremonial role. Main candidates: Others: Two other candidates declared their intent to stand in the election, but later dropped out: After\",\n \"title\": \"2012 Icelandic presidential election\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20121018\",\n \"text\": \"absolute majority (including blank and void ballots) of votes in the first round, a second round is held two weeks later between the two candidates who received the most votes. Since 1965, when the current (direct) election system was introduced, every election has gone to a second round. The latest election was in 2017. The first round was held on 23 April 2017, the second on 7 May. Presidential elections in France Presidential elections in France determine who will serve as the President of France for the next several years. Currently they are held once in five years (formerly seven).\",\n \"title\": \"Presidential elections in France\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13969683\",\n \"text\": \"from the race. As a replacement, the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt fielded Mohamed Morsi, chairman of the Freedom and Justice Party, he faced Ahmed Shafik in a run-off vote on 16–17 June 2012. On 24 June 2012, Egypt's election commission announced that Muslim Brotherhood candidate Mohamed Morsi has won Egypt's presidential runoff. Morsi won by a narrow margin over Ahmed Shafik, the last prime minister under deposed leader Hosni Mubarak. The commission said Morsi took 51.7 percent of the vote versus 48.3 for Shafik. Ahmed Shafik officially launched his presidential campaign on 2 November 2011. He was the last Prime\",\n \"title\": \"2012 Egyptian presidential election\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16807280\",\n \"text\": \"in the 2012 presidential election, and was also the closest. Despite Tampa having been the site of the 2012 Republican National Convention, Barack Obama ultimately carried the state of Florida with 50.01% of the vote, to Mitt Romney's 49.13%, a margin of 0.88%. Having also won the state in 2008, Obama's 2012 victory made him the first Democratic president since Franklin D. Roosevelt to carry Florida for the Democrats in two consecutive presidential elections. The Republican primary was held on January 31, 2012. Fifty delegates were at stake, none of them RNC (or super) delegates; it is unclear whether these\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Florida\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16211018\",\n \"text\": \"presidential candidate swept every one of the state's fourteen counties. Consequently, Romney became the first candidate since Theodore Roosevelt one hundred years earlier to claim an electoral vote yet win no county in his home state. The 2012 election also marks the third consecutive instance where a major party's presidential candidate who considered Massachusetts as his home state lost (this also happened in 1988 and 2004 when Michael Dukakis and John Kerry respectively lost their bids). Incumbent president Barack Obama won the Democratic Primary with 81% of the vote. He wasn't challenged in the primary and the rest of the\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Massachusetts\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16039080\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Nevada The 2012 United States presidential election in Nevada took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Nevada voters chose six electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Nevada has voted for the winner in every presidential election from 1912 onwards, except in\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Nevada\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16210833\",\n \"text\": \"for Mitt Romney at the 2012 Republican National Convention. Rick Santorum and Newt Gingrich withdrew from the presidential race on April 10 and May 2, 2012, respectively. Both endorsed Mitt Romney as the nominee. 2012 United States presidential election in Arkansas The 2012 United States presidential election in Arkansas took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Arkansas voters chose six electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Arkansas\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16575346\",\n \"text\": \"to the Nevada Republican caucuses, 2012, the results of the presidential preference poll will be used to directly and proportionately apportion 24 national convention delegates among the candidates. Another 3 super delegates are unbound and not determined by the caucus results. 2012 United States presidential election in Alaska The 2012 United States presidential election in Alaska took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Alaska voters chose three electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Alaska\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16210945\",\n \"text\": \"the presidential race on April 10 and May 2, 2012, respectively. Both endorsed Mitt Romney as the Republican nominee. 2012 United States presidential election in Kentucky The 2012 United States presidential election in Kentucky took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Kentucky voters chose eight electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Kentucky\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11734297\",\n \"text\": \"2012 Taiwan presidential election The election for the 13th-term President and Vice-President of the Republic of China was held on 14 January 2012. The election was held concurrently with legislative elections. It was the fifth direct election for the President of the Republic of China. Prior to 1996, the President was elected by the ROC's National Assembly and not directly by the people. Incumbent Ma Ying-jeou was re-elected as President with 51.6% of the vote. DPP challenger Tsai Ing-wen resigned her post as chairperson of the DPP following her election defeat. The Kuomintang (KMT or Chinese Nationalist Party) ticket won\",\n \"title\": \"2012 Taiwan presidential election\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20121015\",\n \"text\": \"Presidential elections in France Presidential elections in France determine who will serve as the President of France for the next several years. Currently they are held once in five years (formerly seven). They are always held on Sundays. Since 1965 the president has been elected by direct popular vote. There was one presidential election in France during the government known as the Second Republic (1848—1851). It was held in 1848. The president was elected by direct popular vote. There were 15 presidential elections in France during the government known as the Third Republic (1870—1940). According to the Constitutional Laws of\",\n \"title\": \"Presidential elections in France\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14456458\",\n \"text\": \"considered the highest office in our country and should be apolitical. The president should be an apolitical appointee who has the stature and integrity that can hold the political system accountable. How can persons who are in office, holding key ministerial posts, be even eligible for such a post? This is becoming a political chess game which is devaluing this very lofty post.\\\" 2012 Indian presidential election The 14th indirect presidential election, in order to elect the 13th president, was held in India on 19 July 2012. The last date for filing nominations was 30 June, whereas the votes would\",\n \"title\": \"2012 Indian presidential election\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15212174\",\n \"text\": \"with or leading Romney. , polling aggregator FiveThirtyEight estimates that there is a 66% likelihood that Obama will win Iowa's electoral votes. Iowa's electoral votes have gone to the Democratic candidate in five of the last six presidential elections. 2012 United States presidential election in Iowa The 2012 United States presidential election in Iowa took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 general election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Iowa voters chose six electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Iowa\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15212117\",\n \"text\": \"It should be noted that the secret polling results at Republican caucus sites were unrelated to the delegate selection process in 2012, although that has been changed for the 2016 election cycle. If the Iowa 2012 Republican caucuses were regarded as the start of the Republican delegate selection process for the 2012 United States presidential election, the real caucus process was the election of Republican delegates to the county conventions, who would eventually determine the delegates at the state convention in June 2012. This would, in turn, determine the Iowa delegates who would attend the Republican National Convention in August,\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Iowa\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16214976\",\n \"text\": \"26 date for the election. Finally, on March 1, 2012, the court issued an order setting the date of the primary to May 29, 2012. 2012 United States presidential election in Texas The 2012 United States presidential election in Texas took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Texas voters chose 38 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Texas\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16223192\",\n \"text\": \"no Democratic Primary was held in Utah. The Republican primary took place on 26 June 2012. 37 delegates were chosen, for a total of 40 delegates to go to the national convention, all pledged to the primary winner. In 2008, Mitt Romney received major support from the Mormon (LDS) and other religious population and was able to carry the state with 89.49% of the vote. Romney led the polling in 2012 and won the primary by a large margin. Candidate Ballot Access: Write in Access: Romney won all four congressional districts. 2012 United States presidential election in Utah The 2012\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Utah\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16214934\",\n \"text\": \"part of the State's election system\\\". 2012 United States presidential election in Oklahoma The 2012 United States presidential election in Oklahoma took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Oklahoma voters chose seven electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Oklahoma in recent years has become one of the\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Oklahoma\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16575343\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Alaska The 2012 United States presidential election in Alaska took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Alaska voters chose three electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Prior to the election, 17 news organizations considered this a state Romney would win, or\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Alaska\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16235791\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Nebraska The 2012 United States presidential election in Nebraska took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Nebraska voters chose five electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. On election day, Mitt Romney carried the state of Nebraska, taking 59.80% of the vote\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Nebraska\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16223190\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Utah The 2012 United States presidential election in Utah took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Utah voters chose six electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Prior to the election, all 17 news organizations considered this a state Romney would win,\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Utah\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16222207\",\n \"text\": \"and the state convention on April 12–14. 2012 United States presidential election in Wyoming The 2012 United States presidential election in Wyoming took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Wyoming voters chose three electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Prior to the election, 17 news organizations considered\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Wyoming\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16222204\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Wyoming The 2012 United States presidential election in Wyoming took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Wyoming voters chose three electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Prior to the election, 17 news organizations considered this a state Romney would win, or\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Wyoming\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16214937\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Oregon The 2012 United States presidential election in Oregon took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Oregon voters chose seven electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. On election day, Obama carried Oregon with 54.24% of the vote to Romney's 42.15%, a\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Oregon\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16214919\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Ohio The 2012 United States presidential election in Ohio took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Ohio voters chose 18 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. This continued the streak of having the winner of the overall election winning Ohio as\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Ohio\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16213693\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Idaho The 2012 United States presidential election in Idaho took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Idaho voters chose four electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Prior to the election, 17 news organizations considered this a state Romney would win, or\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Idaho\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16211023\",\n \"text\": \"the Hawaii Republican caucuses. After the open election, 37 bound delegates and three unbound delegates will go to the Republican National Convention. 2012 United States presidential election in Mississippi The 2012 United States presidential election in Mississippi took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Mississippi voters chose six electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Mississippi\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16210939\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Kentucky The 2012 United States presidential election in Kentucky took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Kentucky voters chose eight electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. On election day Romney carried Kentucky by a landslide margin, winning 60.49% of the vote\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Kentucky\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16210861\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Hawaii The 2012 United States presidential election in Hawaii took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Hawaii voters chose four electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Prior to the election, 17 news organizations considered this a state Obama would win, or\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Hawaii\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16204784\",\n \"text\": \"for a candidate. 2012 United States presidential election in Minnesota The 2012 United States presidential election in Minnesota took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Minnesota voters chose 10 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Minnesota backed incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama for re-election, giving him 52.65%\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Minnesota\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16204781\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Minnesota The 2012 United States presidential election in Minnesota took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Minnesota voters chose 10 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Minnesota backed incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama for re-election, giving him 52.65% of the vote,\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Minnesota\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16575068\",\n \"text\": \"polls that have been taken in Alabama have consistently showed Mitt Romney to be leading Barack Obama. The latest predictions: The 2012 Alabama Republican primary took place on March 13, 2012, on the same day as the Mississippi Republican primary and the Hawaii Republican caucuses. Rick Santorum was declared the winner. 2012 United States presidential election in Alabama The 2012 United States presidential election in Alabama took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 general election, in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia participated. Alabama voters chose 9 electors to represent them in the\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Alabama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16210848\",\n \"text\": \"Republican 2012 primary took place on April 24, 2012. 2012 United States presidential election in Delaware The 2012 United States presidential election in Delaware took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Delaware voters chose three electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Candidate Ballot Access: Write-In Candidate Access:\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Delaware\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16210871\",\n \"text\": \"run against the incumbent Democratic President, Barack Obama. The Illinois Republican 2012 primary took place on March 20, 2012. 2012 United States presidential election in Illinois The 2012 United States presidential election in Illinois took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Illinois voters chose 20 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Illinois\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16211050\",\n \"text\": \"delegates to go to the national convention. 2012 United States presidential election in New Mexico The 2012 United States presidential election in New Mexico took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. This was the 25th U.S. presidential election in which New Mexico participated. New Mexico voters chose five electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in New Mexico\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16211047\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in New Mexico The 2012 United States presidential election in New Mexico took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. This was the 25th U.S. presidential election in which New Mexico participated. New Mexico voters chose five electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan.\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in New Mexico\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15911779\",\n \"text\": \"2012 East Timorese presidential election A presidential election was held in Timor-Leste on 17 March and 16 April 2012 to choose a president for a five-year term. Incumbent president Jose Ramos-Horta, who was eligible for a second and final term as president, announced that he would seek nomination to be a candidate in the election. The election was seen as a test for the \\\"young democracy\\\" in seeking to take control of its own security. Former military commander Taur Matan Ruak provisionally beat Francisco Guterres in a second round runoff. The presidency is seen as a unifying post for the\",\n \"title\": \"2012 East Timorese presidential election\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16211000\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Louisiana The 2012 United States presidential election in Louisiana took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Louisiana voters chose eight electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. President Barack Obama received little opposition in the 2012 Democratic primaries, handily winning overall with\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Louisiana\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16210847\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Delaware The 2012 United States presidential election in Delaware took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Delaware voters chose three electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Candidate Ballot Access: Write-In Candidate Access: The Delaware Democratic 2012 primary was cancelled. The Delaware\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Delaware\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16235794\",\n \"text\": \"bound to vote for any candidate, but at the state convention on July 14, elected 32 bound National delegates. 3 party leaders attended the National Convention unbound, making a total of 35 voting delegates going to the national convention from Nebraska. The State Convention was held in Grand Island on July 14, 2012. 2012 United States presidential election in Nebraska The 2012 United States presidential election in Nebraska took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Nebraska voters chose five electors to represent them\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Nebraska\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16211014\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Maryland The 2012 United States presidential election in Maryland took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 general election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Maryland voters chose 10 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. The Republican primary took place on April 3, 2012, the same day as the District\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Maryland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15732283\",\n \"text\": \"Susan DeLemus, and NH Tea-Party luminary Jerry DeLemus. Testerman and the DeLemus' endorsed Rick after having defected from the Bachmann camp. 2012 New Hampshire Presidential polling New Hampshire was rated as a toss-up to Lean D state. Polling showed a consistent single digit polling lead for President Obama. 2012 United States presidential election in New Hampshire The 2012 United States presidential election in New Hampshire took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. New Hampshire voters chose four electors to represent them in the\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in New Hampshire\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15203005\",\n \"text\": \"constituencies. President Tong's percentage of the vote (42%) was much less than his 2007 re-election, when he received 64% of the popular vote. Voter turnout was approximately 68% for the election. This was higher than the 2007 presidential elections, when voter participation was a little over 50%. 2012 Kiribati presidential election Presidential elections were held in Kiribati on 13 January 2012, following two-round parliamentary elections held in October 2011. Incumbent President Anote Tong sought re-election to a third four-year term, ending months of speculation about his decision. Tong beat Tetaua Taitai of the United Coalition Party and Rimeta Beniamina of\",\n \"title\": \"2012 Kiribati presidential election\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16308274\",\n \"text\": \"2012 German presidential election An early indirect presidential election (officially the 15th Federal Convention) was held in Germany on 18 March 2012, the last possible day following the resignation of Christian Wulff as President of Germany on 17 February 2012. Joachim Gauck was elected on the first ballot by a Federal Convention, consisting of the 620 members of the Bundestag and an equal number of members selected by the states of Germany based on proportional representation. On 19 February 2012, Joachim Gauck was nominated as the joint presidential candidate of the governing coalition (CDU, CSU, and FDP) and the opposition\",\n \"title\": \"2012 German presidential election\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16211026\",\n \"text\": \"well as the first time since 1900 when the overall loser of the presidential election won the state by a margin larger than 1% of the statewide vote. Obama carried only three counties and the City of St. Louis. He carried Boone County, home to Columbia and the University of Missouri; Jackson County, where most of Kansas City is located; and St. Louis County. The Missouri Republican 2012 primary took place on February 7 and the caucuses ran from March 15 to March 24, 2012, except for one rescheduled for April 10. The primary election did not determine which delegates\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Missouri\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16807277\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Florida The 2012 United States presidential election in Florida took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Florida voters chose 29 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Several counties in the state suffered delays in finalizing their votes. This was caused in\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Florida\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16214928\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Oklahoma The 2012 United States presidential election in Oklahoma took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Oklahoma voters chose seven electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Oklahoma in recent years has become one of the most conservative states in the nation;\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Oklahoma\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16211020\",\n \"text\": \"winning 2, and a tie in 1), earning the majority in all but 53 towns. Candidate Ballot Access: 2012 United States presidential election in Massachusetts The 2012 United States presidential election in Massachusetts took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all fifty states plus The District of Columbia participated. Massachusetts voters chose eleven electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate,\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Massachusetts\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16218159\",\n \"text\": \"prevail, the candidate plaintiffs' failure to file in a timely fashion required dismissal. 2012 United States presidential election in Virginia The 2012 United States presidential election in Virginia took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Virginia voters chose 13 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Virginia was\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Virginia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16214980\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Vermont The 2012 United States presidential election in Vermont took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia participated. Vermont voters chose three electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Repeating his success from 2008, Obama again carried Vermont in a landslide, taking 66.57% of\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Vermont\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16214947\",\n \"text\": \"and Biden cast their votes on 17 December in the State House of Representatives chamber. The Pennsylvania Democratic Committee seated the following electors for this procedure: 2012 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania The 2012 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 general election in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia participated. Pennsylvania voters chose 20 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote. This is a reduction from its 2008 delegation, which had 21 electors; the change was due to reapportionment following\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16210842\",\n \"text\": \"position.\\\" Candidate Ballot Access: Write-In Candidate Access: 2012 United States presidential election in California The 2012 United States presidential election in California took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 general election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. California voters chose 55 electors, the most out of any state, to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. According to\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in California\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16039088\",\n \"text\": \"most elected delegates to the RNC are still bound to vote for Romney (in the first round of voting), because of Romney's statewide caucuses winning. Allegations of voter fraud have arisen due to a recount of Clark County ballots despite there being no official contest from any of the campaigns. One reason given by the GOP was that there were more ballots cast than people \\\"signed in\\\" at some precincts. 2012 United States presidential election in Nevada The 2012 United States presidential election in Nevada took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Nevada\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16222283\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Kansas The 2012 United States presidential election in Kansas took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Kansas voters chose six electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Romney and Ryan carried Kansas with 59.66% of the popular vote to Obama's and Biden's\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Kansas\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16210853\",\n \"text\": \"among candidates winning at least 20% of the vote statewide. Another 42 delegates are allocated by Congressional district, 3 delegates for each district. If a candidate gets a majority in a district, he wins all 3 delegates. If no one get majority, the delegates are split 2 and 1 between the top two candidates respectively. 2012 United States presidential election in Georgia The 2012 United States presidential election in Georgia took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Georgia voters chose 16 electors to\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Georgia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16210851\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Georgia The 2012 United States presidential election in Georgia took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Georgia voters chose 16 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democrat President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Early County is the only county to have flipped from Republican to Democrat. Chattahoochee County\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Georgia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16210843\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Connecticut The 2012 United States presidential election in Connecticut took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Connecticut voters chose seven electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Obama and Biden carried Connecticut with 58.1% of the popular vote to Romney's and Ryan's\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Connecticut\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16210839\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in California The 2012 United States presidential election in California took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 general election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. California voters chose 55 electors, the most out of any state, to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. According to Secretary of State Debra Bowen's website, the\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in California\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16210830\",\n \"text\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Arkansas The 2012 United States presidential election in Arkansas took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 General Election in which all 50 states plus The District of Columbia participated. Arkansas voters chose six electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Romney and Ryan carried Arkansas with 60.57% of the popular vote to Obama's and Biden's\",\n \"title\": \"2012 United States presidential election in Arkansas\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["nicolas sarkozy"],"string":"[\n \"nicolas sarkozy\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":589,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"what does donald trump own?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"20444849","text":"Donald Trump dolls Several dolls based on Donald Trump have been created since 2004, beginning with the release of a 12-inch Trump doll by Stevenson Entertainment Group, which signed a licensing deal with The Trump Organization. The doll includes 17 phrases recorded by Trump. During and after Trump's 2016 presidential campaign, various artists created their own Trump dolls, which included voodoo dolls and failed plans to produce Trump Troll dolls. FCTRY, a Brooklyn-based toy company, also launched their own Trump doll in 2016. In February 2004, officials for Stevenson Entertainment Group LLC – a toy company based in Schaumburg, Illinois","title":"Donald Trump dolls"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20444849\",\n \"text\": \"Donald Trump dolls Several dolls based on Donald Trump have been created since 2004, beginning with the release of a 12-inch Trump doll by Stevenson Entertainment Group, which signed a licensing deal with The Trump Organization. The doll includes 17 phrases recorded by Trump. During and after Trump's 2016 presidential campaign, various artists created their own Trump dolls, which included voodoo dolls and failed plans to produce Trump Troll dolls. FCTRY, a Brooklyn-based toy company, also launched their own Trump doll in 2016. In February 2004, officials for Stevenson Entertainment Group LLC – a toy company based in Schaumburg, Illinois\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump dolls\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"18915193","text":"care.\" In his 2000 book, \"The America We Deserve\", Trump reiterated his call for universal health care and focused on a Canadian-style single-payer health care system as a means to achieve it. Though he characterized the Canadian health-care system as \"catastrophic in certain ways\" in October 2016 during the second presidential debate, the Trump campaign website wrote in June 2015 about his support for \"a system that would mirror Canada's government-run healthcare service\" under the title \"What does Donald Trump believe? Where the candidate stands on 10 issues\". In 2015, Trump also expressed admiration for the Scottish health-care system, which","title":"Political positions of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19823921","text":"Donald Trump filmography Long before being elected President of the United States, Donald Trump had produced and hosted reality TV shows \"The Apprentice\" and \"The Celebrity Apprentice\" from 2004 to 2015. He also made dozens of cameo appearances in films, television series, soft-core pornography, and advertisements since the 1980s. Trump has appeared in three VHS tapes released by \"Playboy\". He did not appear in any scenes containing nudity or sexual content. In 1989, Trump appeared in the music video for Bobby Brown's single \"On Our Own\", which was featured in the movie \"Ghostbusters II\". In 1991, Trump originally made an","title":"Donald Trump filmography"},{"psg_id":"15675255","text":"Donald Trump (song) \"Donald Trump\" is a song by American rapper Mac Miller, and the only song released as an official single from his mixtape \"Best Day Ever\". The melody, which is played throughout the song, is taken from \"Vesuvius\" by Sufjan Stevens. The music video to the song was uploaded to YouTube on March 3, 2011, while the single was released digitally on May 17, 2011. The song was incorrectly listed as a bonus track on the tracklist of some versions of Mac Miller's debut album \"Blue Slide Park\". Miller himself confirmed that the song does not feature on","title":"Donald Trump (song)"},{"psg_id":"19386637","text":"own signs, have raised sales in items such as poster board and markers. Between January 15 and 21, 2017, people in America spent $4.1 million in poster board. PepsiCo released an ad in April 2017 which used the imagery of anti-Trump protests and Kendall Jenner to sell Pepsi. The ad was criticized by \"Elle\" for appropriating imagery of the resistance against Trump and the policies of his administration. The ad also evoked imagery from the Black Lives Matter movement and was eventually pulled by PepsiCo. Protests against Donald Trump Protests against Donald Trump have occurred in the United States, Europe","title":"Protests against Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"20004972","text":"nationalist, OK? I’m a nationalist. While Donald Trump donated and loaned funds to his previous campaign during the Republican primaries, thus-far he has not donated any of his own money to his reelection campaign. Instead, his reelection campaign has solely solicited donations. Trump began fundraising for his reelection campaign immediately upon being inaugurated, years earlier into his presidency than his predecessors had. At the end of the first quarter of 2017, the campaign's three committees (\"Donald J. Trump for President\", \"Trump Victory\", and \"Trump Make America Great Again Committee\") reported raising a combined $13.2 million, the majority of which had","title":"Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign"},{"psg_id":"19836939","text":"1980s when the business mogul became an icon of the ultra rich. Among the earliest mentions of Trump in rap lyrics was the Beastie Boys' track \"Johnny Ryall\" on the 1989 \"Paul's Boutique\" album, in which they contrast Donald Trump with his homeless alter-ego, Donald Tramp. While many rappers praise Trump's wealth, usually comparing their own financial aspirations or success to that of the billionaire businessman, others have used their music as a platform to criticize Trump's practices and politics. Among the earliest of these was The Coup from Oakland, California, who critiqued and mocked Trump on their first two","title":"Donald Trump in music"},{"psg_id":"19897802","text":"to get Dr. Trump to include one of the businessman's friends' sons into a clinical trial there. At the time, the son was about to be admitted into the trial. After hearing the news, businessman Trump declined Dr. Trump's offer to shave his head for a \"Bald for Bucks\" event, but he still wrote the doctor a check for $30,000 through the Donald J. Trump Foundation. In a video the same year, businessman Trump said, \"Donald L. Trump, which is you, is probably more important than Donald J. Trump, which is me.” Trump has been recognized as one of America's","title":"Donald L. Trump"},{"psg_id":"19534591","text":"it was revealed that Trump had launched his own high-speed internet provider in 1998 and an IBM Domino server had been installed for emails and digital files in 1999. Legal affairs of Donald Trump An analysis by \"USA Today\" published in June 2016 found that over the previous three decades, United States president Donald Trump and his businesses have been involved in 3,500 legal cases in U.S. federal courts and state court, an unprecedented number for a U.S. presidential candidate. Of the 3,500 suits, Trump or one of his companies were plaintiffs in 1,900; defendants in 1,450; and bankruptcy, third","title":"Legal affairs of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"8111879","text":"Donald Trump Jr. Donald John Trump Jr. (born December 31, 1977) is an American businessman and former reality television personality. He is the eldest child of the 45th President of the United States, Donald Trump, and his first wife, Ivana. Trump Jr. campaigned for his father's presidential campaign. He has faced criticism following the 2017 revelation of a meeting with a Russian lawyer, with the promise of receiving damaging information about the campaign of Hillary Clinton in the 2016 presidential election. He has also received attention for promoting various conspiracy theories. Trump Jr. currently works with his brother Eric as","title":"Donald Trump Jr."},{"psg_id":"19817967","text":"2013) and Theodore James Kushner (born March 27, 2016). On September 12, 2017, Eric Trump and his wife Lara announced the birth of their son Eric \"Luke\" Trump, who is their first child and Donald Trump's ninth grandchild. Donald Trump's paternal ancestry is traceable to Bobenheim am Berg, a village in the Palatinate, Germany, in the 18th century. Johann Trump, born in Bobenheim in 1789, moved to the nearby village of Kallstadt where his grandson, Friedrich Trump, the grandfather of Donald Trump, was born in 1869. This German heritage was long concealed by Donald Trump's father, Fred Trump, who had","title":"Family of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19817959","text":"Family of Donald Trump The family of Donald Trump, the 45th President of the United States, is a prominent American family active in real estate, entertainment, business, and politics. Trump's immediate family circle is the First Family of the United States. They are part of the broader Trump family originating from Germany. Donald Trump's mother, Mary Anne MacLeod, came from the Hebridean island of Lewis, off the west coast of Scotland. Trump has five children (between three wives) and nine grandchildren. Ivana Marie Trump (née Zelníčková), the first wife of Donald Trump, was born on February 20, 1949 in Zlín,","title":"Family of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"7642271","text":"Trump marked the official start of the campaign with a rally in Melbourne, Florida, on February 18, 2017, less than a month after taking office. By January 2018, Trump's reelection committee had $22 million in hand and it had raised a total amount exceeding $50 million towards the 2020 campaign . Footnotes Citations Bibliography Donald Trump Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is the 45th and current President of the United States. Before entering politics, he was a businessman and television personality. Trump was born and raised in the New York City borough of Queens, and received an economics","title":"Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19974621","text":"for this, including the \"feebly unsophisticated\" and \"poorly conceived\" nature of the attempt, Trump's own disinterest in making political capital from the event, and alleged media bias. A documentary about Sandford and his family by Guy Simmonds, \"The Brit Who Tried to Kill Trump\", was commissioned by the BBC. It aired on BBC One in the United Kingdom on January 29, 2017. Attempted assassination of Donald Trump On June 18, 2016, Michael Steven Sandford was arrested at a Donald Trump presidential campaign rally in Las Vegas, Nevada in the United States after he attempted to seize the pistol of a","title":"Attempted assassination of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19881125","text":"2016, Trump has decried the U.S.-China trade imbalance—calling it \"the greatest theft in the history of the world\"—and regularly advocates tariffs. Economists dispute the idea that a trade deficit amounts to a loss or \"theft\", as a trade deficit is simply the difference between what the United States imports and what it exports to a country. Trump shares some views on trade with Bernie Sanders, at least in the sense that they both are skeptical of free trade. When asked why the clothes in the Donald J. Trump collection were not made in the United States, Trump answered that \"They","title":"Economic policy of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19636820","text":"the time and less than 1% of what \"Barron\" was claiming. Greenberg has corrected the record by stating that, as revealed in court documents in proceedings years later, Donald Trump never owned any of Fred Trump's assets until 1999 after Fred's death, and even then, inheriting only his share of Fred's deceased estate, with Donald Trump's three siblings and some grandchildren beneficiaries inheriting their corresponding shares. Also in 1984, \"Barron\" gave the press a positive spin on the 1984 collapse of a plan to build Trump Castle in New York. In 1985, \"Barron\" urged fellow United States Football League team","title":"Pseudonyms of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19897803","text":"Top Doctors for Cancer. He has also received a Lifetime Achievement Award in Medicine/Business from Medaille College, and a Distinguished Alumnus Award from the Johns Hopkins University Alumni Association. Donald L. Trump Donald Lynn \"Skip\" Trump (born July 31, 1945) is an American oncologist who has been the executive director and Chief executive officer of the Inova Schar Cancer Institute in Falls Church, Virginia since January 2015. He is not related to U.S. president Donald Trump. Trump grew up in Hudson, New York. He received his undergraduate and medical degrees from Johns Hopkins University, where he also completed his fellowship","title":"Donald L. Trump"},{"psg_id":"19897799","text":"Donald L. Trump Donald Lynn \"Skip\" Trump (born July 31, 1945) is an American oncologist who has been the executive director and Chief executive officer of the Inova Schar Cancer Institute in Falls Church, Virginia since January 2015. He is not related to U.S. president Donald Trump. Trump grew up in Hudson, New York. He received his undergraduate and medical degrees from Johns Hopkins University, where he also completed his fellowship and residency. Trump's first academic appointment was at Naval Hospital Philadelphia. His later positions included stints at Johns Hopkins, Duke University, and the University of Pittsburgh. In 2002, he","title":"Donald L. Trump"},{"psg_id":"20809757","text":"Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) at his own request as part of his January 2018 health checkup. He received a score of 30/30, indicating a normal level of cognitive function. Critics have contended that the MoCA test is too basic to diagnose the problems asserted. Health of Donald Trump Since the early days of Donald Trump's presidential campaign, his physical and mental health have been a subject of public debate. Trump was seventy years old when he took office, surpassing Ronald Reagan as the oldest person to assume the presidency. Comments on his age, weight and lifestyle have raised questions about his","title":"Health of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19362755","text":"were all named Trump, thus placing the name change before the 18th century. Genealogy organization FamilySearch provided information on Friedrich Trump, listing his father as Johann Ii Trump. A genealogist at Dotdash, which was then called About.com, listed Donald Trump's grandfather as Friederich Trump and great-grandfather as Christian Johannes Trump. In his 2013 book \"America's Obsessives: The Compulsive Energy That Built a Nation\", Joshua Kendall wrote that Frederick's father and aunt, and by extension Donald Trump's great-grandfather and great-grandaunt, were called John Trump and Charlotte Luise Trump, respectively. Donald Trump (Last Week Tonight) \"Donald Trump\" is a segment of the","title":"Donald Trump (Last Week Tonight)"},{"psg_id":"15675257","text":"Donald Trump shit/Look at all this money, ain't that some shit?\"). The many references to Trump in lyrics did not go unnoticed by Trump himself. When the song became a \"Billboard\" hit, Trump released a YouTube video congratulating the rapper: In August 2011, shortly after the music video to the song reached 20,000,000 views on YouTube, Donald Trump himself praised the song and branded the young Pittsburgh rapper as \"the next Eminem\". Mac Miller responded appreciatively, but played down any comparisons between himself and Eminem. As the song garnered more plays, Trump took a more aggressive tone and demanded royalties","title":"Donald Trump (song)"},{"psg_id":"21015266","text":"Wealth of Donald Trump The net worth of Donald Trump, the 45th president of the United States, stood at $3.1 billion as of 2018, according to \"Forbes\". Various organizations have estimated and investigated Trump's wealth. Trump has often stated higher values for his wealth than organizations estimating it. Trump is the beneficiary of several trust funds set up by his father and paternal grandmother beginning in 1949. In 1976, Fred Trump set up trust funds of $1 million ($ million in dollars) for each of his five children and three grandchildren. Donald Trump received annual payments from his trust fund,","title":"Wealth of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19966921","text":"wife Ivana lived in an apartment on Manhattan's Fifth Avenue, which was decorated with beige velvet sofas and goatskin tables. According to family friend Nikki Haskell, Donald and Ivana lived in Olympic Tower prior to moving to 800 Fifth Avenue Trump had a residence at Trump Vineyard Estates, a 45-room mansion. Residences of Donald Trump U.S. President Donald Trump currently has seven residences. During his time at the New York Military Academy, he lived on campus; he later rented row houses in college. In 1971, Trump moved to a studio on 75th Street in Manhattan. Since the completion of Trump","title":"Residences of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19679850","text":"Tertiary sources (including textbooks and juvenile literature), satire, and self-published books are excluded. Bibliography of Donald Trump This bibliography of Donald Trump is a list of written and published works, by and about Donald Trump, 45th President of the United States. Prior to his 2016 campaign for U.S. president, Trump was already the focus of many books describing his life as a businessman and politician. Works written by Trump himself include self-help books, personal finance books, political policy treatises, and autobiographies. His first published book in 1987 was \"\", written by ghostwriter Tony Schwartz. Trump made a practice of hiring","title":"Bibliography of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19679846","text":"Bibliography of Donald Trump This bibliography of Donald Trump is a list of written and published works, by and about Donald Trump, 45th President of the United States. Prior to his 2016 campaign for U.S. president, Trump was already the focus of many books describing his life as a businessman and politician. Works written by Trump himself include self-help books, personal finance books, political policy treatises, and autobiographies. His first published book in 1987 was \"\", written by ghostwriter Tony Schwartz. Trump made a practice of hiring ghostwriters and co-authors to write his books. In some cases the ghostwriters are","title":"Bibliography of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"18915138","text":"Donald Brand describe Trump as a nativist. Rich Lowry, the editor of \"National Review\", instead calls Trump an \"immigration hawk\" and supports Trump's effort to return immigration levels to what Trump calls a \"historically average level\". Trump is a protectionist, according to free-market advocate Stephen Moore and conservative economist Lawrence Kudlow. Historian Joshua M. Zeitz wrote in 2016 that Trump's appeals to \"law and order\" and \"the silent majority\" were comparable to the dog-whistle and racially-coded terminology of Richard Nixon. In 2015, Crowdpac gave Trump a ranking of 0.4L out of 10L. In 2016, Crowdpac gave Trump a ranking of","title":"Political positions of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"18844755","text":"articles, we can sue them and win lots of money\". Trump specifically alleged that reporting about him by \"The New York Times\" and \"The Washington Post\" has included falsehoods. Trump says the media \"put false meaning into the words I say\", and says he does not mind being criticized by the media as long as they are honest about it. After Trump won the nomination, historians Fredrik Logevall and Kenneth Osgood noted that, \"Hardly a day passes without some columnist comparing Donald J. Trump to Huey Long, Father Coughlin or George Wallace.\" A 2018 study found that media coverage of","title":"Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign"},{"psg_id":"19897801","text":"at Roswell Park, but in upstate New York.\" In addition to his considerable and influential work as an oncologist, Trump is known for having the same first and last name as businessman and President of the United States Donald Trump, despite the fact that they are not related to each other. This has led to many people asking if he has any connection to the businessman for decades. It has also led to him being dubbed \"the other Donald Trump\", although he supported Trump's opponent in the 2016 election, Hillary Clinton. In 2010, businessman Trump called Dr. Trump to try","title":"Donald L. Trump"},{"psg_id":"19823923","text":"pizzas the chain was promoting at the time. In 2002, Trump appeared in three McDonald's commercials featuring the Grimace. Other brands that Trump appeared in commercials for included Pepsi, Macy's, Oreo, Serta, Verizon, and Visa. Donald Trump filmography Long before being elected President of the United States, Donald Trump had produced and hosted reality TV shows \"The Apprentice\" and \"The Celebrity Apprentice\" from 2004 to 2015. He also made dozens of cameo appearances in films, television series, soft-core pornography, and advertisements since the 1980s. Trump has appeared in three VHS tapes released by \"Playboy\". He did not appear in any","title":"Donald Trump filmography"},{"psg_id":"19829211","text":"Presidency of Donald Trump The presidency of Donald Trump began at noon EST on January 20, 2017, when Donald Trump was inaugurated as the 45th President of the United States, succeeding Barack Obama. A Republican, Trump was a businessman and reality television personality from New York City at the time of his 2016 presidential election victory over Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton. While Trump lost the popular vote by nearly 3 million votes, he won the Electoral College vote, 304 to 227, in a presidential contest targeted by a Russian sabotage campaign. As of the end of his first year in","title":"Presidency of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19817978","text":"reference to the great name of golf, and the motto \"Numquam Concedere\" is Latin for Never Give Up—Trump's philosophy\". From 2014, Trump used the same logo for \"The Trump International Golf Links, Ireland\", the golf resort built from his acquisition of Doonbeg Golf Club. Family of Donald Trump The family of Donald Trump, the 45th President of the United States, is a prominent American family active in real estate, entertainment, business, and politics. Trump's immediate family circle is the First Family of the United States. They are part of the broader Trump family originating from Germany. Donald Trump's mother, Mary","title":"Family of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19725561","text":"penalties and revoke the foundation's tax-free status. Donald J. Trump Foundation The Donald J. Trump Foundation was a New York-based private foundation founded and chaired by then-businessman Donald Trump, now the 45th President of the United States. Trump originally created the foundation to donate his proceeds from his book \"\" to charitable causes\".\" Trump stopped contributing personal funds to the foundation in 2008 and instead solicited donations from outsiders. During the 2016 presidential election campaign the foundation's activities came under intense media scrutiny, initially by the \"Washington Post's\" David Fahrenthold, who went on to win the 2017 Pulitzer Prize for","title":"Donald J. Trump Foundation"},{"psg_id":"19725499","text":"Donald J. Trump Foundation The Donald J. Trump Foundation was a New York-based private foundation founded and chaired by then-businessman Donald Trump, now the 45th President of the United States. Trump originally created the foundation to donate his proceeds from his book \"\" to charitable causes\".\" Trump stopped contributing personal funds to the foundation in 2008 and instead solicited donations from outsiders. During the 2016 presidential election campaign the foundation's activities came under intense media scrutiny, initially by the \"Washington Post's\" David Fahrenthold, who went on to win the 2017 Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting for his investigatory work. Investigations","title":"Donald J. Trump Foundation"},{"psg_id":"20183681","text":"always anti-Trump, where from fake news - the New York Times (which apologized) and the Washington Post were anti-Trump. Collusion?\". Zuckerberg replied directly to Donald Trump in a statement posted to Facebook: \"Trump says Facebook is against him. Liberals say we helped Trump. Both sides are upset about ideas and content they don't like. That's what running a platform for all ideas looks like.\" A Wired article asserted that as Trump's Facebook ads were controversial, he was charged less per ad than Clinton was, as he was boosted by the clickrate of his ads. In response to this, Facebook released","title":"Donald Trump on social media"},{"psg_id":"15675259","text":"Miller to chart on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart, managing to reach #75 on January 7, 2012. It also entered the US Digital chart at #58 on the same date. On March 19, 2013, \"Donald Trump\" was certified Platinum by the RIAA. The song has also charted in SNEP, the official French Singles Chart, peaking at #110 in July 2012. Donald Trump (song) \"Donald Trump\" is a song by American rapper Mac Miller, and the only song released as an official single from his mixtape \"Best Day Ever\". The melody, which is played throughout the song, is taken from \"Vesuvius\"","title":"Donald Trump (song)"},{"psg_id":"15675256","text":"the album. The song was dedicated to real estate personality Donald Trump, who, five years after the song's release, was elected as the 45th President of the United States. During Trump's 2016 campaign, the song regained popularity, hitting #28 on the iTunes Charts on November 9, 2016, the day after Donald Trump was elected president. Miller stated in an interview that he did not support him; contrary to popular belief. The money-inspired song refers to business magnate and politician Donald Trump, particularly Mac Miller's ambitions to become wealthy and successful like him (\"Take over the world when I'm on my","title":"Donald Trump (song)"},{"psg_id":"19881038","text":"in Asia. On April 13, 2018 US President Donald Trump said the United States may rejoin TPP. Upon taking office, Trump halted negotiations on the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), which had been under way since 2013 during the Obama administration. In May 2018, Trump initiated a trade conflict with the EU by imposing tariffs on steel and aluminum, for which the EU retaliated in June with tariffs of their own, with Trump threatening to escalate the conflict with additional tariffs. In July 2018, Trump and the EU declared a truce of sorts, announcing they would enter into negotiations","title":"Economic policy of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"9554862","text":"orange-blond hair color.\" In September 2016 Jimmy Fallon invited Donald Trump to be a guest on his TV show. Upon arriving to the show, Donald Trump was asked by Jimmy if he could mess up his hair. Donald Trump agreed to the offer and allowed Jimmy to mess his hair up. Jimmy reached over and destroyed Trump's hair resulting in Trump having a new hair style: Bed head. Following the hair incident, Jimmy was accused by fans that he was humanizing Trump after Trump had pressed more on the Zero-tolerance policy under the Trump administration. Trump later tweeted \"Jimmy be","title":"Donald Trump in popular culture"},{"psg_id":"19817961","text":"American citizen at the time of their marriage. She is an actress and television personality. They were married from 1993 to 1999. Melania Trump (née Knavs), the third wife of Donald Trump, was born on April 26, 1970, in Novo Mesto, Yugoslavia (present-day Slovenia). She has had a lengthy modeling career and is the second foreign-born First Lady of the United States. They were married in 2005. Trump has five children from three marriages: Don Jr., Ivanka, and Eric Trump with Ivana Trump, Tiffany Trump with Marla Maples, and Barron Trump with First Lady Melania Trump. Donald Jr., Ivanka, and","title":"Family of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19725522","text":"violated the height restrictions but were not similarly fined. It also alleged that a shorter flagpole \"would fail to appropriately express the magnitude of Donald J. Trump's…patriotism.\" Trump eventually reached a legal settlement with Palm Beach after, according to the \"Sun Sentinel,\" \"secret, court-ordered negotiations.\" Settlement documents show that Trump, in return for discharging the club's obligations to Palm Beach, had agreed to personally donate $100,000 to Fischer House, a charity benefitting veterans and military families. However, Trump then made the grant using foundation money, not his own. Trump's foundation paid $158,000 to the Martin B. Greenberg Foundation as a","title":"Donald J. Trump Foundation"},{"psg_id":"8111901","text":"holding a knife in one hand and a bloody elephant tail in the other. Although the hunt was legal, many people were outraged by the mockery of dead animals. At least one sponsor dropped his father's TV show \"The Celebrity Apprentice\". On Earth Day in 2017, Trump Jr. legally hunted prairie dogs in Montana with GOP Congressional candidate Greg Gianforte. President Trump reversed the decision to allow elephant trophies imported from Zambia and Zimbabwe, pending further review. Donald Trump Jr. Donald John Trump Jr. (born December 31, 1977) is an American businessman and former reality television personality. He is the","title":"Donald Trump Jr."},{"psg_id":"20809742","text":"Health of Donald Trump Since the early days of Donald Trump's presidential campaign, his physical and mental health have been a subject of public debate. Trump was seventy years old when he took office, surpassing Ronald Reagan as the oldest person to assume the presidency. Comments on his age, weight and lifestyle have raised questions about his physical health. In addition, numerous public figures, media sources, and mental health professionals have speculated that Donald Trump may have mental health challenges, ranging from narcissistic personality disorder to some form of dementia. Trump and his supporters have denied these claims, and have","title":"Health of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"9554857","text":"horns and crowds chanting Trump's name. The 2016 web series \"You Got Trumped: The First 100 Days\" takes a darkly comic look at what President Donald J. Trump's first one hundred days in office would look like. The series stars John Di Domenico as Trump and Ron Sparks as Chris Christie, his whipping boy. \"The President Show\", starring Anthony Atamanuik as Trump and Peter Grosz as Mike Pence, debuted on Comedy Central on April 27, 2017. Atamanuik started impersonating Trump in 2015. Trump was portrayed negatively in the anime adaptation of \"Inuyashiki\", played by Bill Fleming, where he dismisses the","title":"Donald Trump in popular culture"},{"psg_id":"9554852","text":"Umaga in a match. A young Donald Trump is portrayed in an episode of \"Quantum Leap\" from 1992. From 1996 to 2015, Trump owned part or all of the Miss Universe pageants. A 2000 \"The Simpsons\" episode shows a future where Trump has been president. Writer Dan Greaney said in 2016: \"What we needed was for Lisa to have problems beyond her fixing, that everything went as bad as it possibly could, and that's why we had Trump be president before her. That just seemed like the logical last stop before hitting bottom. It was consistent with the vision of","title":"Donald Trump in popular culture"},{"psg_id":"7642265","text":"United States Constitution by continuing to profit from his businesses, such as the Trump International Hotel in D.C., as well as receiving foreign government payments through his businesses. New York Attorney General Barbara Underwood has filed a lawsuit in June 2018 against President Trump, alleging that his charity, the Donald J. Trump Foundation, had under his direction illegally coordinated with the 2016 Trump campaign, as well as made other illegal payments to benefit Trump and his businesses. On August 21, 2018, former Trump campaign chairman Paul Manafort was convicted on eight felony counts of false tax filing and bank fraud.","title":"Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"18844790","text":"tape recording with Ryan telling fellow Republican congressmen that he was \"not going to defend Donald Trump — not now, not in the future.\" Trump is a Presbyterian and says he attends Marble Collegiate Church, although the church said in a statement that he is \"not an active member\". In campaign speeches, he had routinely praised the Bible and sometimes carried it, often saying that his own book \"\" is his \"second-favorite book after the Bible\". On occasion, Trump \"reflected a degree of indifference\" to religion, causing unease among some social conservatives. Trump solicited the support of religious leaders, inviting","title":"Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign"},{"psg_id":"19695036","text":"The Making of Donald Trump The Making of Donald Trump is a 2016 biography of the American businessman, property developer and politician Donald Trump by the American investigative journalist David Cay Johnston. It was published by Melville House Publishing. Johnston first met Trump as a reporter for \"The Philadelphia Inquirer\" in June 1988 and likened him to P. T. Barnum. He subsequently reported on Trump for almost 30 years, and wrote the book in 27 days. In an interview with \"The New York Times\" Johnston said that Trump had \"...seriously damaged his brand\" with his presidential campaign and would \"follow","title":"The Making of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"20790614","text":"one protester said, \"I think Paris should be protesting not only Trump's presence here, but also should be trying to send a message to President Macron for having invited him here, especially on the anniversary of the signing of the armistice.\" On November 29, 2018, the Trump Baby was flown in Argentina in protest during the G20 Buenos Aires summit. Donald Trump baby balloon During an official visit to the United Kingdom by President of the United States Donald Trump, an inflatable caricature of Trump (usually known as the Trump Baby or less commonly the Baby Trump) was flown in","title":"Donald Trump baby balloon"},{"psg_id":"20790603","text":"Donald Trump baby balloon During an official visit to the United Kingdom by President of the United States Donald Trump, an inflatable caricature of Trump (usually known as the Trump Baby or less commonly the Baby Trump) was flown in protest of him, his visit, his racial views, his history of alleged sexual misconduct, and his policies. The balloon depicts Trump as an angry orange baby holding a smartphone. The balloon was flown over Parliament Square, London, on 13 July 2018, where the police estimate that over 100,000 protestors were in attendance, and 50,000 more in the Meadows, Edinburgh, the","title":"Donald Trump baby balloon"},{"psg_id":"7642257","text":"this capacity, Mueller oversees the investigation into \"any links and/or coordination between Russian government and individuals associated with the campaign of President Donald Trump, and any matters that arose or may arise directly from the investigation\". Trump has repeatedly denied any collusion between the Trump campaign and the Russian government. Mueller is also investigating the Trump campaign's possible ties to Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Turkey, Qatar, Israel, and China. \"The Washington Post\" reported that days after Comey's dismissal the special counsel started investigating whether Trump had obstructed justice. Trump's lawyer Jay Sekulow stated that he had not been","title":"Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"7642169","text":"of his Mexican heritage. Shortly after Trump won the presidency, the parties agreed to a settlement of all three pending cases, whereby Trump paid a total of $25 million and denied any wrongdoing. The Donald J. Trump Foundation is a U.S.-based private foundation that was established in 1988 for the initial purpose of giving away proceeds from the book \"Trump: The Art of the Deal\". The foundation's funds have mostly come from donors other than Trump, who has not given personally to the charity since 2008. The foundation's tax returns show that it has given to health care and sports-related","title":"Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"7642129","text":"with the aim of denuclearization. He nominated two justices to the Supreme Court, Neil Gorsuch and Brett Kavanaugh. After Trump dismissed FBI Director James Comey, the Justice Department appointed Robert Mueller as Special Counsel to investigate possible links between the Trump campaign and Russian interference in the 2016 elections. The ongoing investigation has led to guilty pleas by a number of Trump associates. Trump has repeatedly denied accusations of collusion and obstruction of justice, calling the investigation a politically motivated \"witch hunt\". Donald John Trump was born on June 14, 1946, at the Jamaica Hospital, Queens, New York City. His","title":"Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"9554843","text":"Donald Trump in popular culture Donald Trump, the President of the United States since 2017, has attracted considerable media attention during his career as businessman and politician, inspiring numerous portrayals and appearances in popular culture. Trump has been represented in popular culture since the 1980s, including cameo appearances on film and television. In 1989, Ralph Wolfe Cowan painted a portrait of Trump called \"The Visionary\", which hangs in Trump's Palm Beach residence of Mar-a-Lago. During the 2016 election, various artworks was made to satirize Donald Trump. These include \"Make Everything Great Again\", a street art mural by Dominykas Čečkauskas and","title":"Donald Trump in popular culture"},{"psg_id":"20004980","text":"with the president. Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign The 2020 Donald Trump presidential campaign is an ongoing reelection campaign by President of the United States Donald Trump, who took office on January 20, 2017. Trump began his campaign unusually early for an incumbent President. He began spending for his reelection effort within weeks of his election, and officially filed his campaign with the Federal Elections Commission on the day of his inauguration. Since February 2017, Trump has held several rallies and a fundraiser for this campaign. He has visited key electoral states. The campaign has raised funds and run two","title":"Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign"},{"psg_id":"20004919","text":"Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign The 2020 Donald Trump presidential campaign is an ongoing reelection campaign by President of the United States Donald Trump, who took office on January 20, 2017. Trump began his campaign unusually early for an incumbent President. He began spending for his reelection effort within weeks of his election, and officially filed his campaign with the Federal Elections Commission on the day of his inauguration. Since February 2017, Trump has held several rallies and a fundraiser for this campaign. He has visited key electoral states. The campaign has raised funds and run two nationwide advertising campaigns.","title":"Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign"},{"psg_id":"19965655","text":"August 2015, Trump said he would support women in combat roles \"because they're really into it and some of them are really, really good.\" Social policy of Donald Trump This is an article about the social policy of Donald Trump during his presidency. President Donald Trump describes himself as pro-life and generally opposes abortion with some exceptions: rape, incest, and circumstances endangering the life of the mother. He has said that he is committed to appointing justices who may overturn the ruling in \"Roe v. Wade\". Trump personally supports \"traditional marriage\" but said after the election that he considers the","title":"Social policy of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19906076","text":"office is impeachment. When Democrats take control of the House of Representatives in January, do you believe Congress should or should not begin impeachment proceedings to remove President Trump from office?\" <nowiki>#</nowiki> Question was: \"Do you believe the President Donald Trump should be impeached and removed from office, or don't you feel that way?\" Efforts to impeach Donald Trump Formal efforts to start the process of impeachment against U.S. President Donald Trump, who took office in 2017, have been initiated by Representatives Al Green and Brad Sherman, both Democrats. Other people and groups have asserted that Trump has engaged in","title":"Efforts to impeach Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19695042","text":"one of the world’s great narcissists, go easy on self-promotion\" but that it \"is a minor flaw in a work that delivers so much insight\". The Making of Donald Trump The Making of Donald Trump is a 2016 biography of the American businessman, property developer and politician Donald Trump by the American investigative journalist David Cay Johnston. It was published by Melville House Publishing. Johnston first met Trump as a reporter for \"The Philadelphia Inquirer\" in June 1988 and likened him to P. T. Barnum. He subsequently reported on Trump for almost 30 years, and wrote the book in 27","title":"The Making of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19496626","text":"Mike Pence\". Presidential transition of Donald Trump Planning for the presidential transition of Donald Trump, led by then Vice President-elect, former Governor Mike Pence of Indiana, began before Donald Trump won the United States presidential election on November 8, 2016, and became the President-elect. Trump was formally elected by the Electoral College on December 19, 2016. The transition was formerly led by Chris Christie until he and a number of his supporters were replaced or demoted on November 11. The transition ended when Trump was inaugurated at noon EST on January 20, 2017. In accordance with the Pre-Election Presidential Transition","title":"Presidential transition of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19496600","text":"Presidential transition of Donald Trump Planning for the presidential transition of Donald Trump, led by then Vice President-elect, former Governor Mike Pence of Indiana, began before Donald Trump won the United States presidential election on November 8, 2016, and became the President-elect. Trump was formally elected by the Electoral College on December 19, 2016. The transition was formerly led by Chris Christie until he and a number of his supporters were replaced or demoted on November 11. The transition ended when Trump was inaugurated at noon EST on January 20, 2017. In accordance with the Pre-Election Presidential Transition Act of","title":"Presidential transition of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19966014","text":"Opinion polling on the Donald Trump administration Poll numbers verified . In February 2017, Donald Trump nominated Neil Gorsuch to the Supreme Court of the United States. Gorsuch was confirmed on April 7, 2017, by a 54–45 vote. On June 1, 2017, Donald Trump announced that the United States would withdraw from the Paris Agreement on climate change. Donald Trump has pledged to repeal certain U.S. government regulations intended to address climate change. In January 2017, Donald Trump ordered construction of a wall along portions of the Mexico–United States border. In January 2017, Donald Trump ordered the U.S. Army Corps","title":"Opinion polling on the Donald Trump administration"},{"psg_id":"21015281","text":"\"The Washington Post\" similarly noted that Trump's estimated net worth of $100 million in 1978 would have increased to $6 billion by 2016 if he had invested it in a typical retirement fund, and concluded that \"Trump is a mix of braggadocio, business failures, and real success.\" Wealth of Donald Trump The net worth of Donald Trump, the 45th president of the United States, stood at $3.1 billion as of 2018, according to \"Forbes\". Various organizations have estimated and investigated Trump's wealth. Trump has often stated higher values for his wealth than organizations estimating it. Trump is the beneficiary of","title":"Wealth of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19829514","text":"Source:Adweek Inauguration of Donald Trump The inauguration of Donald Trump as the 45th President of the United States marked commencement of the four-year term of Donald Trump as President and Mike Pence as Vice President. An estimated 150,000 people attended the public ceremony held on Friday, January 20, 2017 on the West Front of the United States Capitol Building in Washington, D.C. The event was the 58th presidential inauguration. Held in Washington, D.C. from January 17 to 21, 2017, inaugural events included concerts, the swearing-in ceremony, a Congressional luncheon, parade, inaugural balls, and the interfaith inaugural prayer service. Administered by","title":"Inauguration of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19829458","text":"Inauguration of Donald Trump The inauguration of Donald Trump as the 45th President of the United States marked commencement of the four-year term of Donald Trump as President and Mike Pence as Vice President. An estimated 150,000 people attended the public ceremony held on Friday, January 20, 2017 on the West Front of the United States Capitol Building in Washington, D.C. The event was the 58th presidential inauguration. Held in Washington, D.C. from January 17 to 21, 2017, inaugural events included concerts, the swearing-in ceremony, a Congressional luncheon, parade, inaugural balls, and the interfaith inaugural prayer service. Administered by Chief","title":"Inauguration of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19817970","text":"Donald Trump has said that he \"feels Scottish\". In 1885, Donald Trump's grandfather, Friedrich Trump, emigrated from Kallstadt, Palatinate (then part of the Kingdom of Bavaria), to the United States at age 16. He anglicized his name to \"Frederick\" in 1892 when he became a U.S. citizen. During the Klondike Gold Rush, he amassed a fortune by opening a restaurant and hotel in Bennett and later Whitehorse, serving gold seekers on their way to the region; one biographer wrote that the business included a brothel, a portrayal Donald Trump has said was \"totally false\". After his death, his fortune was","title":"Family of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19817966","text":"players at the Easter Egg Roll. In September 2017, he was selected to join the U-12 team for D.C. United's Development Academy. Donald Trump has nine grandchildren. Donald Trump Jr. and his former wife Vanessa have five children: daughters Kai Madison (born May 12, 2007) and Chloe Sophia (born June 16, 2014), and sons Donald John III (born February 18, 2009), Tristan Milos (born October 2, 2011), and Spencer Frederick (born October 21, 2012). Ivanka Trump and her husband Jared Kushner have three children: daughter Arabella Rose Kushner (born July 17, 2011), and sons Joseph Frederick Kushner (born October 14,","title":"Family of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19568845","text":"racist by a number of \"New York Times\" columnists including Nicholas Kristof (\"I don't see what else we can call him but a racist\"), Charles M. Blow (\"Trump Is a Racist. Period.\"), and David Leonhardt (\"Donald Trump is a racist\"). Additionally, John Cassidy of \"The New Yorker\" concluded, \"we have a racist in the Oval Office.\" Conservative pundit and former Republican National Committee chairman Michael Steele, when asked in an interview if he thought Trump was a racist replied, \"Yeah, I do. At this point the evidence is incontrovertible.\" Speaking on MSNBC, Steele said, \"There are a whole lot of","title":"Racial views of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19534587","text":"assessment or payment, on a net basis, of any deficiency.\" Tax attorneys believe the government may have reduced what Trump was able to claim as a loss without requiring him to pay any additional taxes. It is unknown whether the I.R.S. challenged Trump's use of the swaps because he has not released his tax returns. Trump's lawyers advised against Trump using the equity for debt swap, as they believed it to be potentially illegal. In June 2016, a \"USA Today\" article reported that Donald Trump and his companies have been deleting emails and other documents on a large scale, including","title":"Legal affairs of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19534511","text":"from craps tables in order to accommodate high roller Robert LiButti, a mob figure and alleged John Gotti associate, who was said to fly into fits of racist rage when he was on losing streaks. There is no indication that Trump was ever questioned in that investigation, he was not held personally liable, and Trump denies even knowing what LiButti looked like. In 1991, one of Trump's casinos in Atlantic City, New Jersey, was found guilty of circumventing state regulations about casino financing when Donald Trump's father bought $3.5 million in chips that he had no plans to gamble. Trump","title":"Legal affairs of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"7642176","text":"\"The Celebrity Apprentice\", in which celebrities compete to win money for their charities. In February 2015, Trump stated that he was \"not ready\" to sign on for another season of the show because of the possibility of a presidential run. Despite this, NBC announced they were going ahead with production of a 15th season. In June, after widespread negative reaction stemming from Trump's campaign announcement speech, NBC released a statement saying, \"Due to the recent derogatory statements by Donald Trump regarding immigrants, NBCUniversal is ending its business relationship with Mr. Trump.\" Trump has made cameo appearances in 12 films and","title":"Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"7642144","text":"interest. In October 2018, \"The New York Times\" reported that Donald Trump \"was a millionaire by age 8\", and that he had received at least $413 million (adjusted for inflation) from his father's business empire over his lifetime. According to the \"Times\", Trump borrowed at least $60 million from his father, and largely failed to reimburse him. A lawyer for Trump denied reporting from the \"Times\" piece that Trump and his family committed tax fraud; the tax department of New York says it is \"vigorously pursuing all appropriate avenues of investigation\" into it. Analyses by \"The Economist\" and \"The Washington","title":"Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19534584","text":"deal. According to a New York state report, Trump circumvented corporate and personal campaign donation limits in the 1980s – although he did not break any laws – by donating money to candidates from 18 different business subsidiaries, rather than giving primarily in his own name. Trump told investigators he did so on the advice of his lawyers. He also said the contributions were not to curry favor with business-friendly candidates, but simply to satisfy requests from friends. During the 2016 U.S. presidential election, media began reporting in detail on how the Donald J. Trump Foundation was funded and how","title":"Legal affairs of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"18844789","text":"would no longer defend or support Trump's presidential campaign, and in a highly unusual move he freed down-ticket congressional members to use their own judgment, saying \"you all need to do what's best for you and your district.\" In the final weeks of the campaign, Trump went on the attack against Ryan, accusing him and other \"disloyal\" Republicans of deliberately undermining his candidacy as part of \"a whole sinister deal\". Despite his reluctance to publicly support Trump, Ryan ultimately announced that he cast his vote for Donald Trump a week before election day. In March 2017, Breitbart News released a","title":"Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign"},{"psg_id":"19965592","text":"Social policy of Donald Trump This is an article about the social policy of Donald Trump during his presidency. President Donald Trump describes himself as pro-life and generally opposes abortion with some exceptions: rape, incest, and circumstances endangering the life of the mother. He has said that he is committed to appointing justices who may overturn the ruling in \"Roe v. Wade\". Trump personally supports \"traditional marriage\" but said after the election that he considers the nationwide legality of same-sex marriage a \"settled\" issue with the \"Obergefell v. Hodges\" ruling. This appeared to contradict some of his campaign statements, where","title":"Social policy of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19362729","text":"Donald Trump (Last Week Tonight) \"Donald Trump\" is a segment of the HBO news satire television series \"Last Week Tonight with John Oliver\" that is devoted to Donald Trump, who later became the President of the United States. It first aired on February 28, 2016, as part of the third episode of \"Last Week Tonight\" third season, when Trump was the frontrunner for the Republican Party nomination for the presidency. During the 22-minute segment, comedian John Oliver discusses Trump's 2016 presidential campaign and his career in business. Oliver outlines Trump's campaign rhetoric, varying political positions, and failed business ventures. The","title":"Donald Trump (Last Week Tonight)"},{"psg_id":"19568769","text":"Racial views of Donald Trump Donald Trump, the President of the United States, has a history of making racially controversial remarks and taking actions widely seen as exacerbating racial anxieties in the United States. Trump has denied accusations of racism, saying, \"I am not a racist. I'm the least racist person you will ever interview\". In 1973, Trump and his company Trump Management were sued by the U.S. Department of Justice for housing discrimination against black rentersa lawsuit which, according to Trump, he settled without an admission of guilt. In 2011, Trump became the leading proponent of the already discredited","title":"Racial views of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19817968","text":"grown up in a mainly German-speaking environment until he was 10 years old; after World War II and until the 1980s, he told people he was of Swedish ancestry. Donald Trump repeated this version in \"The Art of the Deal\" (1987) but later said he is \"proud\" of his German heritage, and served as grand marshal of the 1999 German-American Steuben Parade in New York City. Donald Trump's father, Fred Trump (1905–1999), born in New York, was one of the biggest real estate developers in New York City. Using his inheritance, Fred Trump and his mother Elizabeth founded \"Elizabeth Trump","title":"Family of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19636819","text":"Trump.\" In April 2018, Greenberg retrieved and made public the original audio recordings of his exchange with \"Barron\", and stated that \"Trump, through this [Barron] sockpuppet, was telling me he owned 'in excess of 90 percent'\" of Fred Trump's assets. Ultimately, Greenberg included Trump at the end of the Forbes 400 list at $100 million, one fifth of the $500 million which \"Barron\" was claiming as Donald Trump's net worth. According to Greenberg, Donald Trump was only ever worth just under $5 million, which was less than 5% of the net worth which was attributed to him by Forbes at","title":"Pseudonyms of Donald Trump"},{"psg_id":"19787064","text":"Line: How Donald Trump Behaved With Women in Private\" article. She had not intended to speak publicly about the incidents again, but she received numerous calls recently due to the \"Crossing the Line\" article and felt, as a mother, that it is important to share a message about unwanted advances: \"You have the right to say no. You have the right to get out of there. You have the right to leave, and you have the right to make them feel uncomfortable if they're making you feel uncomfortable,\" she said. Trump stated that he does not know her and denied","title":"Donald Trump sexual misconduct allegations"},{"psg_id":"19568852","text":"significant factor than economic issues in determining voters' party allegiance. Racial views of Donald Trump Donald Trump, the President of the United States, has a history of making racially controversial remarks and taking actions widely seen as exacerbating racial anxieties in the United States. Trump has denied accusations of racism, saying, \"I am not a racist. I'm the least racist person you will ever interview\". In 1973, Trump and his company Trump Management were sued by the U.S. Department of Justice for housing discrimination against black rentersa lawsuit which, according to Trump, he settled without an admission of guilt. In","title":"Racial views of Donald Trump"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18915193\",\n \"text\": \"care.\\\" In his 2000 book, \\\"The America We Deserve\\\", Trump reiterated his call for universal health care and focused on a Canadian-style single-payer health care system as a means to achieve it. Though he characterized the Canadian health-care system as \\\"catastrophic in certain ways\\\" in October 2016 during the second presidential debate, the Trump campaign website wrote in June 2015 about his support for \\\"a system that would mirror Canada's government-run healthcare service\\\" under the title \\\"What does Donald Trump believe? Where the candidate stands on 10 issues\\\". In 2015, Trump also expressed admiration for the Scottish health-care system, which\",\n \"title\": \"Political positions of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19823921\",\n \"text\": \"Donald Trump filmography Long before being elected President of the United States, Donald Trump had produced and hosted reality TV shows \\\"The Apprentice\\\" and \\\"The Celebrity Apprentice\\\" from 2004 to 2015. He also made dozens of cameo appearances in films, television series, soft-core pornography, and advertisements since the 1980s. Trump has appeared in three VHS tapes released by \\\"Playboy\\\". He did not appear in any scenes containing nudity or sexual content. In 1989, Trump appeared in the music video for Bobby Brown's single \\\"On Our Own\\\", which was featured in the movie \\\"Ghostbusters II\\\". In 1991, Trump originally made an\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump filmography\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15675255\",\n \"text\": \"Donald Trump (song) \\\"Donald Trump\\\" is a song by American rapper Mac Miller, and the only song released as an official single from his mixtape \\\"Best Day Ever\\\". The melody, which is played throughout the song, is taken from \\\"Vesuvius\\\" by Sufjan Stevens. The music video to the song was uploaded to YouTube on March 3, 2011, while the single was released digitally on May 17, 2011. The song was incorrectly listed as a bonus track on the tracklist of some versions of Mac Miller's debut album \\\"Blue Slide Park\\\". Miller himself confirmed that the song does not feature on\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump (song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19386637\",\n \"text\": \"own signs, have raised sales in items such as poster board and markers. Between January 15 and 21, 2017, people in America spent $4.1 million in poster board. PepsiCo released an ad in April 2017 which used the imagery of anti-Trump protests and Kendall Jenner to sell Pepsi. The ad was criticized by \\\"Elle\\\" for appropriating imagery of the resistance against Trump and the policies of his administration. The ad also evoked imagery from the Black Lives Matter movement and was eventually pulled by PepsiCo. Protests against Donald Trump Protests against Donald Trump have occurred in the United States, Europe\",\n \"title\": \"Protests against Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20004972\",\n \"text\": \"nationalist, OK? I’m a nationalist. While Donald Trump donated and loaned funds to his previous campaign during the Republican primaries, thus-far he has not donated any of his own money to his reelection campaign. Instead, his reelection campaign has solely solicited donations. Trump began fundraising for his reelection campaign immediately upon being inaugurated, years earlier into his presidency than his predecessors had. At the end of the first quarter of 2017, the campaign's three committees (\\\"Donald J. Trump for President\\\", \\\"Trump Victory\\\", and \\\"Trump Make America Great Again Committee\\\") reported raising a combined $13.2 million, the majority of which had\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19836939\",\n \"text\": \"1980s when the business mogul became an icon of the ultra rich. Among the earliest mentions of Trump in rap lyrics was the Beastie Boys' track \\\"Johnny Ryall\\\" on the 1989 \\\"Paul's Boutique\\\" album, in which they contrast Donald Trump with his homeless alter-ego, Donald Tramp. While many rappers praise Trump's wealth, usually comparing their own financial aspirations or success to that of the billionaire businessman, others have used their music as a platform to criticize Trump's practices and politics. Among the earliest of these was The Coup from Oakland, California, who critiqued and mocked Trump on their first two\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump in music\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19897802\",\n \"text\": \"to get Dr. Trump to include one of the businessman's friends' sons into a clinical trial there. At the time, the son was about to be admitted into the trial. After hearing the news, businessman Trump declined Dr. Trump's offer to shave his head for a \\\"Bald for Bucks\\\" event, but he still wrote the doctor a check for $30,000 through the Donald J. Trump Foundation. In a video the same year, businessman Trump said, \\\"Donald L. Trump, which is you, is probably more important than Donald J. Trump, which is me.” Trump has been recognized as one of America's\",\n \"title\": \"Donald L. Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19534591\",\n \"text\": \"it was revealed that Trump had launched his own high-speed internet provider in 1998 and an IBM Domino server had been installed for emails and digital files in 1999. Legal affairs of Donald Trump An analysis by \\\"USA Today\\\" published in June 2016 found that over the previous three decades, United States president Donald Trump and his businesses have been involved in 3,500 legal cases in U.S. federal courts and state court, an unprecedented number for a U.S. presidential candidate. Of the 3,500 suits, Trump or one of his companies were plaintiffs in 1,900; defendants in 1,450; and bankruptcy, third\",\n \"title\": \"Legal affairs of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8111879\",\n \"text\": \"Donald Trump Jr. Donald John Trump Jr. (born December 31, 1977) is an American businessman and former reality television personality. He is the eldest child of the 45th President of the United States, Donald Trump, and his first wife, Ivana. Trump Jr. campaigned for his father's presidential campaign. He has faced criticism following the 2017 revelation of a meeting with a Russian lawyer, with the promise of receiving damaging information about the campaign of Hillary Clinton in the 2016 presidential election. He has also received attention for promoting various conspiracy theories. Trump Jr. currently works with his brother Eric as\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump Jr.\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19817967\",\n \"text\": \"2013) and Theodore James Kushner (born March 27, 2016). On September 12, 2017, Eric Trump and his wife Lara announced the birth of their son Eric \\\"Luke\\\" Trump, who is their first child and Donald Trump's ninth grandchild. Donald Trump's paternal ancestry is traceable to Bobenheim am Berg, a village in the Palatinate, Germany, in the 18th century. Johann Trump, born in Bobenheim in 1789, moved to the nearby village of Kallstadt where his grandson, Friedrich Trump, the grandfather of Donald Trump, was born in 1869. This German heritage was long concealed by Donald Trump's father, Fred Trump, who had\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19817959\",\n \"text\": \"Family of Donald Trump The family of Donald Trump, the 45th President of the United States, is a prominent American family active in real estate, entertainment, business, and politics. Trump's immediate family circle is the First Family of the United States. They are part of the broader Trump family originating from Germany. Donald Trump's mother, Mary Anne MacLeod, came from the Hebridean island of Lewis, off the west coast of Scotland. Trump has five children (between three wives) and nine grandchildren. Ivana Marie Trump (née Zelníčková), the first wife of Donald Trump, was born on February 20, 1949 in Zlín,\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7642271\",\n \"text\": \"Trump marked the official start of the campaign with a rally in Melbourne, Florida, on February 18, 2017, less than a month after taking office. By January 2018, Trump's reelection committee had $22 million in hand and it had raised a total amount exceeding $50 million towards the 2020 campaign . Footnotes Citations Bibliography Donald Trump Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is the 45th and current President of the United States. Before entering politics, he was a businessman and television personality. Trump was born and raised in the New York City borough of Queens, and received an economics\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19974621\",\n \"text\": \"for this, including the \\\"feebly unsophisticated\\\" and \\\"poorly conceived\\\" nature of the attempt, Trump's own disinterest in making political capital from the event, and alleged media bias. A documentary about Sandford and his family by Guy Simmonds, \\\"The Brit Who Tried to Kill Trump\\\", was commissioned by the BBC. It aired on BBC One in the United Kingdom on January 29, 2017. Attempted assassination of Donald Trump On June 18, 2016, Michael Steven Sandford was arrested at a Donald Trump presidential campaign rally in Las Vegas, Nevada in the United States after he attempted to seize the pistol of a\",\n \"title\": \"Attempted assassination of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19881125\",\n \"text\": \"2016, Trump has decried the U.S.-China trade imbalance—calling it \\\"the greatest theft in the history of the world\\\"—and regularly advocates tariffs. Economists dispute the idea that a trade deficit amounts to a loss or \\\"theft\\\", as a trade deficit is simply the difference between what the United States imports and what it exports to a country. Trump shares some views on trade with Bernie Sanders, at least in the sense that they both are skeptical of free trade. When asked why the clothes in the Donald J. Trump collection were not made in the United States, Trump answered that \\\"They\",\n \"title\": \"Economic policy of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19636820\",\n \"text\": \"the time and less than 1% of what \\\"Barron\\\" was claiming. Greenberg has corrected the record by stating that, as revealed in court documents in proceedings years later, Donald Trump never owned any of Fred Trump's assets until 1999 after Fred's death, and even then, inheriting only his share of Fred's deceased estate, with Donald Trump's three siblings and some grandchildren beneficiaries inheriting their corresponding shares. Also in 1984, \\\"Barron\\\" gave the press a positive spin on the 1984 collapse of a plan to build Trump Castle in New York. In 1985, \\\"Barron\\\" urged fellow United States Football League team\",\n \"title\": \"Pseudonyms of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19897803\",\n \"text\": \"Top Doctors for Cancer. He has also received a Lifetime Achievement Award in Medicine/Business from Medaille College, and a Distinguished Alumnus Award from the Johns Hopkins University Alumni Association. Donald L. Trump Donald Lynn \\\"Skip\\\" Trump (born July 31, 1945) is an American oncologist who has been the executive director and Chief executive officer of the Inova Schar Cancer Institute in Falls Church, Virginia since January 2015. He is not related to U.S. president Donald Trump. Trump grew up in Hudson, New York. He received his undergraduate and medical degrees from Johns Hopkins University, where he also completed his fellowship\",\n \"title\": \"Donald L. Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19897799\",\n \"text\": \"Donald L. Trump Donald Lynn \\\"Skip\\\" Trump (born July 31, 1945) is an American oncologist who has been the executive director and Chief executive officer of the Inova Schar Cancer Institute in Falls Church, Virginia since January 2015. He is not related to U.S. president Donald Trump. Trump grew up in Hudson, New York. He received his undergraduate and medical degrees from Johns Hopkins University, where he also completed his fellowship and residency. Trump's first academic appointment was at Naval Hospital Philadelphia. His later positions included stints at Johns Hopkins, Duke University, and the University of Pittsburgh. In 2002, he\",\n \"title\": \"Donald L. Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20809757\",\n \"text\": \"Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) at his own request as part of his January 2018 health checkup. He received a score of 30/30, indicating a normal level of cognitive function. Critics have contended that the MoCA test is too basic to diagnose the problems asserted. Health of Donald Trump Since the early days of Donald Trump's presidential campaign, his physical and mental health have been a subject of public debate. Trump was seventy years old when he took office, surpassing Ronald Reagan as the oldest person to assume the presidency. Comments on his age, weight and lifestyle have raised questions about his\",\n \"title\": \"Health of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19362755\",\n \"text\": \"were all named Trump, thus placing the name change before the 18th century. Genealogy organization FamilySearch provided information on Friedrich Trump, listing his father as Johann Ii Trump. A genealogist at Dotdash, which was then called About.com, listed Donald Trump's grandfather as Friederich Trump and great-grandfather as Christian Johannes Trump. In his 2013 book \\\"America's Obsessives: The Compulsive Energy That Built a Nation\\\", Joshua Kendall wrote that Frederick's father and aunt, and by extension Donald Trump's great-grandfather and great-grandaunt, were called John Trump and Charlotte Luise Trump, respectively. Donald Trump (Last Week Tonight) \\\"Donald Trump\\\" is a segment of the\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump (Last Week Tonight)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15675257\",\n \"text\": \"Donald Trump shit/Look at all this money, ain't that some shit?\\\"). The many references to Trump in lyrics did not go unnoticed by Trump himself. When the song became a \\\"Billboard\\\" hit, Trump released a YouTube video congratulating the rapper: In August 2011, shortly after the music video to the song reached 20,000,000 views on YouTube, Donald Trump himself praised the song and branded the young Pittsburgh rapper as \\\"the next Eminem\\\". Mac Miller responded appreciatively, but played down any comparisons between himself and Eminem. As the song garnered more plays, Trump took a more aggressive tone and demanded royalties\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump (song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"21015266\",\n \"text\": \"Wealth of Donald Trump The net worth of Donald Trump, the 45th president of the United States, stood at $3.1 billion as of 2018, according to \\\"Forbes\\\". Various organizations have estimated and investigated Trump's wealth. Trump has often stated higher values for his wealth than organizations estimating it. Trump is the beneficiary of several trust funds set up by his father and paternal grandmother beginning in 1949. In 1976, Fred Trump set up trust funds of $1 million ($ million in dollars) for each of his five children and three grandchildren. Donald Trump received annual payments from his trust fund,\",\n \"title\": \"Wealth of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19966921\",\n \"text\": \"wife Ivana lived in an apartment on Manhattan's Fifth Avenue, which was decorated with beige velvet sofas and goatskin tables. According to family friend Nikki Haskell, Donald and Ivana lived in Olympic Tower prior to moving to 800 Fifth Avenue Trump had a residence at Trump Vineyard Estates, a 45-room mansion. Residences of Donald Trump U.S. President Donald Trump currently has seven residences. During his time at the New York Military Academy, he lived on campus; he later rented row houses in college. In 1971, Trump moved to a studio on 75th Street in Manhattan. Since the completion of Trump\",\n \"title\": \"Residences of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19679850\",\n \"text\": \"Tertiary sources (including textbooks and juvenile literature), satire, and self-published books are excluded. Bibliography of Donald Trump This bibliography of Donald Trump is a list of written and published works, by and about Donald Trump, 45th President of the United States. Prior to his 2016 campaign for U.S. president, Trump was already the focus of many books describing his life as a businessman and politician. Works written by Trump himself include self-help books, personal finance books, political policy treatises, and autobiographies. His first published book in 1987 was \\\"\\\", written by ghostwriter Tony Schwartz. Trump made a practice of hiring\",\n \"title\": \"Bibliography of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19679846\",\n \"text\": \"Bibliography of Donald Trump This bibliography of Donald Trump is a list of written and published works, by and about Donald Trump, 45th President of the United States. Prior to his 2016 campaign for U.S. president, Trump was already the focus of many books describing his life as a businessman and politician. Works written by Trump himself include self-help books, personal finance books, political policy treatises, and autobiographies. His first published book in 1987 was \\\"\\\", written by ghostwriter Tony Schwartz. Trump made a practice of hiring ghostwriters and co-authors to write his books. In some cases the ghostwriters are\",\n \"title\": \"Bibliography of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18915138\",\n \"text\": \"Donald Brand describe Trump as a nativist. Rich Lowry, the editor of \\\"National Review\\\", instead calls Trump an \\\"immigration hawk\\\" and supports Trump's effort to return immigration levels to what Trump calls a \\\"historically average level\\\". Trump is a protectionist, according to free-market advocate Stephen Moore and conservative economist Lawrence Kudlow. Historian Joshua M. Zeitz wrote in 2016 that Trump's appeals to \\\"law and order\\\" and \\\"the silent majority\\\" were comparable to the dog-whistle and racially-coded terminology of Richard Nixon. In 2015, Crowdpac gave Trump a ranking of 0.4L out of 10L. In 2016, Crowdpac gave Trump a ranking of\",\n \"title\": \"Political positions of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18844755\",\n \"text\": \"articles, we can sue them and win lots of money\\\". Trump specifically alleged that reporting about him by \\\"The New York Times\\\" and \\\"The Washington Post\\\" has included falsehoods. Trump says the media \\\"put false meaning into the words I say\\\", and says he does not mind being criticized by the media as long as they are honest about it. After Trump won the nomination, historians Fredrik Logevall and Kenneth Osgood noted that, \\\"Hardly a day passes without some columnist comparing Donald J. Trump to Huey Long, Father Coughlin or George Wallace.\\\" A 2018 study found that media coverage of\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19897801\",\n \"text\": \"at Roswell Park, but in upstate New York.\\\" In addition to his considerable and influential work as an oncologist, Trump is known for having the same first and last name as businessman and President of the United States Donald Trump, despite the fact that they are not related to each other. This has led to many people asking if he has any connection to the businessman for decades. It has also led to him being dubbed \\\"the other Donald Trump\\\", although he supported Trump's opponent in the 2016 election, Hillary Clinton. In 2010, businessman Trump called Dr. Trump to try\",\n \"title\": \"Donald L. Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19823923\",\n \"text\": \"pizzas the chain was promoting at the time. In 2002, Trump appeared in three McDonald's commercials featuring the Grimace. Other brands that Trump appeared in commercials for included Pepsi, Macy's, Oreo, Serta, Verizon, and Visa. Donald Trump filmography Long before being elected President of the United States, Donald Trump had produced and hosted reality TV shows \\\"The Apprentice\\\" and \\\"The Celebrity Apprentice\\\" from 2004 to 2015. He also made dozens of cameo appearances in films, television series, soft-core pornography, and advertisements since the 1980s. Trump has appeared in three VHS tapes released by \\\"Playboy\\\". He did not appear in any\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump filmography\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19829211\",\n \"text\": \"Presidency of Donald Trump The presidency of Donald Trump began at noon EST on January 20, 2017, when Donald Trump was inaugurated as the 45th President of the United States, succeeding Barack Obama. A Republican, Trump was a businessman and reality television personality from New York City at the time of his 2016 presidential election victory over Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton. While Trump lost the popular vote by nearly 3 million votes, he won the Electoral College vote, 304 to 227, in a presidential contest targeted by a Russian sabotage campaign. As of the end of his first year in\",\n \"title\": \"Presidency of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19817978\",\n \"text\": \"reference to the great name of golf, and the motto \\\"Numquam Concedere\\\" is Latin for Never Give Up—Trump's philosophy\\\". From 2014, Trump used the same logo for \\\"The Trump International Golf Links, Ireland\\\", the golf resort built from his acquisition of Doonbeg Golf Club. Family of Donald Trump The family of Donald Trump, the 45th President of the United States, is a prominent American family active in real estate, entertainment, business, and politics. Trump's immediate family circle is the First Family of the United States. They are part of the broader Trump family originating from Germany. Donald Trump's mother, Mary\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19725561\",\n \"text\": \"penalties and revoke the foundation's tax-free status. Donald J. Trump Foundation The Donald J. Trump Foundation was a New York-based private foundation founded and chaired by then-businessman Donald Trump, now the 45th President of the United States. Trump originally created the foundation to donate his proceeds from his book \\\"\\\" to charitable causes\\\".\\\" Trump stopped contributing personal funds to the foundation in 2008 and instead solicited donations from outsiders. During the 2016 presidential election campaign the foundation's activities came under intense media scrutiny, initially by the \\\"Washington Post's\\\" David Fahrenthold, who went on to win the 2017 Pulitzer Prize for\",\n \"title\": \"Donald J. Trump Foundation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19725499\",\n \"text\": \"Donald J. Trump Foundation The Donald J. Trump Foundation was a New York-based private foundation founded and chaired by then-businessman Donald Trump, now the 45th President of the United States. Trump originally created the foundation to donate his proceeds from his book \\\"\\\" to charitable causes\\\".\\\" Trump stopped contributing personal funds to the foundation in 2008 and instead solicited donations from outsiders. During the 2016 presidential election campaign the foundation's activities came under intense media scrutiny, initially by the \\\"Washington Post's\\\" David Fahrenthold, who went on to win the 2017 Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting for his investigatory work. Investigations\",\n \"title\": \"Donald J. Trump Foundation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20183681\",\n \"text\": \"always anti-Trump, where from fake news - the New York Times (which apologized) and the Washington Post were anti-Trump. Collusion?\\\". Zuckerberg replied directly to Donald Trump in a statement posted to Facebook: \\\"Trump says Facebook is against him. Liberals say we helped Trump. Both sides are upset about ideas and content they don't like. That's what running a platform for all ideas looks like.\\\" A Wired article asserted that as Trump's Facebook ads were controversial, he was charged less per ad than Clinton was, as he was boosted by the clickrate of his ads. In response to this, Facebook released\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump on social media\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15675259\",\n \"text\": \"Miller to chart on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 chart, managing to reach #75 on January 7, 2012. It also entered the US Digital chart at #58 on the same date. On March 19, 2013, \\\"Donald Trump\\\" was certified Platinum by the RIAA. The song has also charted in SNEP, the official French Singles Chart, peaking at #110 in July 2012. Donald Trump (song) \\\"Donald Trump\\\" is a song by American rapper Mac Miller, and the only song released as an official single from his mixtape \\\"Best Day Ever\\\". The melody, which is played throughout the song, is taken from \\\"Vesuvius\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump (song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15675256\",\n \"text\": \"the album. The song was dedicated to real estate personality Donald Trump, who, five years after the song's release, was elected as the 45th President of the United States. During Trump's 2016 campaign, the song regained popularity, hitting #28 on the iTunes Charts on November 9, 2016, the day after Donald Trump was elected president. Miller stated in an interview that he did not support him; contrary to popular belief. The money-inspired song refers to business magnate and politician Donald Trump, particularly Mac Miller's ambitions to become wealthy and successful like him (\\\"Take over the world when I'm on my\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump (song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19881038\",\n \"text\": \"in Asia. On April 13, 2018 US President Donald Trump said the United States may rejoin TPP. Upon taking office, Trump halted negotiations on the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), which had been under way since 2013 during the Obama administration. In May 2018, Trump initiated a trade conflict with the EU by imposing tariffs on steel and aluminum, for which the EU retaliated in June with tariffs of their own, with Trump threatening to escalate the conflict with additional tariffs. In July 2018, Trump and the EU declared a truce of sorts, announcing they would enter into negotiations\",\n \"title\": \"Economic policy of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9554862\",\n \"text\": \"orange-blond hair color.\\\" In September 2016 Jimmy Fallon invited Donald Trump to be a guest on his TV show. Upon arriving to the show, Donald Trump was asked by Jimmy if he could mess up his hair. Donald Trump agreed to the offer and allowed Jimmy to mess his hair up. Jimmy reached over and destroyed Trump's hair resulting in Trump having a new hair style: Bed head. Following the hair incident, Jimmy was accused by fans that he was humanizing Trump after Trump had pressed more on the Zero-tolerance policy under the Trump administration. Trump later tweeted \\\"Jimmy be\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump in popular culture\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19817961\",\n \"text\": \"American citizen at the time of their marriage. She is an actress and television personality. They were married from 1993 to 1999. Melania Trump (née Knavs), the third wife of Donald Trump, was born on April 26, 1970, in Novo Mesto, Yugoslavia (present-day Slovenia). She has had a lengthy modeling career and is the second foreign-born First Lady of the United States. They were married in 2005. Trump has five children from three marriages: Don Jr., Ivanka, and Eric Trump with Ivana Trump, Tiffany Trump with Marla Maples, and Barron Trump with First Lady Melania Trump. Donald Jr., Ivanka, and\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19725522\",\n \"text\": \"violated the height restrictions but were not similarly fined. It also alleged that a shorter flagpole \\\"would fail to appropriately express the magnitude of Donald J. Trump's…patriotism.\\\" Trump eventually reached a legal settlement with Palm Beach after, according to the \\\"Sun Sentinel,\\\" \\\"secret, court-ordered negotiations.\\\" Settlement documents show that Trump, in return for discharging the club's obligations to Palm Beach, had agreed to personally donate $100,000 to Fischer House, a charity benefitting veterans and military families. However, Trump then made the grant using foundation money, not his own. Trump's foundation paid $158,000 to the Martin B. Greenberg Foundation as a\",\n \"title\": \"Donald J. Trump Foundation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8111901\",\n \"text\": \"holding a knife in one hand and a bloody elephant tail in the other. Although the hunt was legal, many people were outraged by the mockery of dead animals. At least one sponsor dropped his father's TV show \\\"The Celebrity Apprentice\\\". On Earth Day in 2017, Trump Jr. legally hunted prairie dogs in Montana with GOP Congressional candidate Greg Gianforte. President Trump reversed the decision to allow elephant trophies imported from Zambia and Zimbabwe, pending further review. Donald Trump Jr. Donald John Trump Jr. (born December 31, 1977) is an American businessman and former reality television personality. He is the\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump Jr.\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20809742\",\n \"text\": \"Health of Donald Trump Since the early days of Donald Trump's presidential campaign, his physical and mental health have been a subject of public debate. Trump was seventy years old when he took office, surpassing Ronald Reagan as the oldest person to assume the presidency. Comments on his age, weight and lifestyle have raised questions about his physical health. In addition, numerous public figures, media sources, and mental health professionals have speculated that Donald Trump may have mental health challenges, ranging from narcissistic personality disorder to some form of dementia. Trump and his supporters have denied these claims, and have\",\n \"title\": \"Health of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9554857\",\n \"text\": \"horns and crowds chanting Trump's name. The 2016 web series \\\"You Got Trumped: The First 100 Days\\\" takes a darkly comic look at what President Donald J. Trump's first one hundred days in office would look like. The series stars John Di Domenico as Trump and Ron Sparks as Chris Christie, his whipping boy. \\\"The President Show\\\", starring Anthony Atamanuik as Trump and Peter Grosz as Mike Pence, debuted on Comedy Central on April 27, 2017. Atamanuik started impersonating Trump in 2015. Trump was portrayed negatively in the anime adaptation of \\\"Inuyashiki\\\", played by Bill Fleming, where he dismisses the\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump in popular culture\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9554852\",\n \"text\": \"Umaga in a match. A young Donald Trump is portrayed in an episode of \\\"Quantum Leap\\\" from 1992. From 1996 to 2015, Trump owned part or all of the Miss Universe pageants. A 2000 \\\"The Simpsons\\\" episode shows a future where Trump has been president. Writer Dan Greaney said in 2016: \\\"What we needed was for Lisa to have problems beyond her fixing, that everything went as bad as it possibly could, and that's why we had Trump be president before her. That just seemed like the logical last stop before hitting bottom. It was consistent with the vision of\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump in popular culture\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7642265\",\n \"text\": \"United States Constitution by continuing to profit from his businesses, such as the Trump International Hotel in D.C., as well as receiving foreign government payments through his businesses. New York Attorney General Barbara Underwood has filed a lawsuit in June 2018 against President Trump, alleging that his charity, the Donald J. Trump Foundation, had under his direction illegally coordinated with the 2016 Trump campaign, as well as made other illegal payments to benefit Trump and his businesses. On August 21, 2018, former Trump campaign chairman Paul Manafort was convicted on eight felony counts of false tax filing and bank fraud.\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18844790\",\n \"text\": \"tape recording with Ryan telling fellow Republican congressmen that he was \\\"not going to defend Donald Trump — not now, not in the future.\\\" Trump is a Presbyterian and says he attends Marble Collegiate Church, although the church said in a statement that he is \\\"not an active member\\\". In campaign speeches, he had routinely praised the Bible and sometimes carried it, often saying that his own book \\\"\\\" is his \\\"second-favorite book after the Bible\\\". On occasion, Trump \\\"reflected a degree of indifference\\\" to religion, causing unease among some social conservatives. Trump solicited the support of religious leaders, inviting\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19695036\",\n \"text\": \"The Making of Donald Trump The Making of Donald Trump is a 2016 biography of the American businessman, property developer and politician Donald Trump by the American investigative journalist David Cay Johnston. It was published by Melville House Publishing. Johnston first met Trump as a reporter for \\\"The Philadelphia Inquirer\\\" in June 1988 and likened him to P. T. Barnum. He subsequently reported on Trump for almost 30 years, and wrote the book in 27 days. In an interview with \\\"The New York Times\\\" Johnston said that Trump had \\\"...seriously damaged his brand\\\" with his presidential campaign and would \\\"follow\",\n \"title\": \"The Making of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20790614\",\n \"text\": \"one protester said, \\\"I think Paris should be protesting not only Trump's presence here, but also should be trying to send a message to President Macron for having invited him here, especially on the anniversary of the signing of the armistice.\\\" On November 29, 2018, the Trump Baby was flown in Argentina in protest during the G20 Buenos Aires summit. Donald Trump baby balloon During an official visit to the United Kingdom by President of the United States Donald Trump, an inflatable caricature of Trump (usually known as the Trump Baby or less commonly the Baby Trump) was flown in\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump baby balloon\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20790603\",\n \"text\": \"Donald Trump baby balloon During an official visit to the United Kingdom by President of the United States Donald Trump, an inflatable caricature of Trump (usually known as the Trump Baby or less commonly the Baby Trump) was flown in protest of him, his visit, his racial views, his history of alleged sexual misconduct, and his policies. The balloon depicts Trump as an angry orange baby holding a smartphone. The balloon was flown over Parliament Square, London, on 13 July 2018, where the police estimate that over 100,000 protestors were in attendance, and 50,000 more in the Meadows, Edinburgh, the\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump baby balloon\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7642257\",\n \"text\": \"this capacity, Mueller oversees the investigation into \\\"any links and/or coordination between Russian government and individuals associated with the campaign of President Donald Trump, and any matters that arose or may arise directly from the investigation\\\". Trump has repeatedly denied any collusion between the Trump campaign and the Russian government. Mueller is also investigating the Trump campaign's possible ties to Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Turkey, Qatar, Israel, and China. \\\"The Washington Post\\\" reported that days after Comey's dismissal the special counsel started investigating whether Trump had obstructed justice. Trump's lawyer Jay Sekulow stated that he had not been\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7642169\",\n \"text\": \"of his Mexican heritage. Shortly after Trump won the presidency, the parties agreed to a settlement of all three pending cases, whereby Trump paid a total of $25 million and denied any wrongdoing. The Donald J. Trump Foundation is a U.S.-based private foundation that was established in 1988 for the initial purpose of giving away proceeds from the book \\\"Trump: The Art of the Deal\\\". The foundation's funds have mostly come from donors other than Trump, who has not given personally to the charity since 2008. The foundation's tax returns show that it has given to health care and sports-related\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7642129\",\n \"text\": \"with the aim of denuclearization. He nominated two justices to the Supreme Court, Neil Gorsuch and Brett Kavanaugh. After Trump dismissed FBI Director James Comey, the Justice Department appointed Robert Mueller as Special Counsel to investigate possible links between the Trump campaign and Russian interference in the 2016 elections. The ongoing investigation has led to guilty pleas by a number of Trump associates. Trump has repeatedly denied accusations of collusion and obstruction of justice, calling the investigation a politically motivated \\\"witch hunt\\\". Donald John Trump was born on June 14, 1946, at the Jamaica Hospital, Queens, New York City. His\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9554843\",\n \"text\": \"Donald Trump in popular culture Donald Trump, the President of the United States since 2017, has attracted considerable media attention during his career as businessman and politician, inspiring numerous portrayals and appearances in popular culture. Trump has been represented in popular culture since the 1980s, including cameo appearances on film and television. In 1989, Ralph Wolfe Cowan painted a portrait of Trump called \\\"The Visionary\\\", which hangs in Trump's Palm Beach residence of Mar-a-Lago. During the 2016 election, various artworks was made to satirize Donald Trump. These include \\\"Make Everything Great Again\\\", a street art mural by Dominykas Čečkauskas and\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump in popular culture\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20004980\",\n \"text\": \"with the president. Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign The 2020 Donald Trump presidential campaign is an ongoing reelection campaign by President of the United States Donald Trump, who took office on January 20, 2017. Trump began his campaign unusually early for an incumbent President. He began spending for his reelection effort within weeks of his election, and officially filed his campaign with the Federal Elections Commission on the day of his inauguration. Since February 2017, Trump has held several rallies and a fundraiser for this campaign. He has visited key electoral states. The campaign has raised funds and run two\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20004919\",\n \"text\": \"Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign The 2020 Donald Trump presidential campaign is an ongoing reelection campaign by President of the United States Donald Trump, who took office on January 20, 2017. Trump began his campaign unusually early for an incumbent President. He began spending for his reelection effort within weeks of his election, and officially filed his campaign with the Federal Elections Commission on the day of his inauguration. Since February 2017, Trump has held several rallies and a fundraiser for this campaign. He has visited key electoral states. The campaign has raised funds and run two nationwide advertising campaigns.\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19965655\",\n \"text\": \"August 2015, Trump said he would support women in combat roles \\\"because they're really into it and some of them are really, really good.\\\" Social policy of Donald Trump This is an article about the social policy of Donald Trump during his presidency. President Donald Trump describes himself as pro-life and generally opposes abortion with some exceptions: rape, incest, and circumstances endangering the life of the mother. He has said that he is committed to appointing justices who may overturn the ruling in \\\"Roe v. Wade\\\". Trump personally supports \\\"traditional marriage\\\" but said after the election that he considers the\",\n \"title\": \"Social policy of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19906076\",\n \"text\": \"office is impeachment. When Democrats take control of the House of Representatives in January, do you believe Congress should or should not begin impeachment proceedings to remove President Trump from office?\\\" <nowiki>#</nowiki> Question was: \\\"Do you believe the President Donald Trump should be impeached and removed from office, or don't you feel that way?\\\" Efforts to impeach Donald Trump Formal efforts to start the process of impeachment against U.S. President Donald Trump, who took office in 2017, have been initiated by Representatives Al Green and Brad Sherman, both Democrats. Other people and groups have asserted that Trump has engaged in\",\n \"title\": \"Efforts to impeach Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19695042\",\n \"text\": \"one of the world’s great narcissists, go easy on self-promotion\\\" but that it \\\"is a minor flaw in a work that delivers so much insight\\\". The Making of Donald Trump The Making of Donald Trump is a 2016 biography of the American businessman, property developer and politician Donald Trump by the American investigative journalist David Cay Johnston. It was published by Melville House Publishing. Johnston first met Trump as a reporter for \\\"The Philadelphia Inquirer\\\" in June 1988 and likened him to P. T. Barnum. He subsequently reported on Trump for almost 30 years, and wrote the book in 27\",\n \"title\": \"The Making of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19496626\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Pence\\\". Presidential transition of Donald Trump Planning for the presidential transition of Donald Trump, led by then Vice President-elect, former Governor Mike Pence of Indiana, began before Donald Trump won the United States presidential election on November 8, 2016, and became the President-elect. Trump was formally elected by the Electoral College on December 19, 2016. The transition was formerly led by Chris Christie until he and a number of his supporters were replaced or demoted on November 11. The transition ended when Trump was inaugurated at noon EST on January 20, 2017. In accordance with the Pre-Election Presidential Transition\",\n \"title\": \"Presidential transition of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19496600\",\n \"text\": \"Presidential transition of Donald Trump Planning for the presidential transition of Donald Trump, led by then Vice President-elect, former Governor Mike Pence of Indiana, began before Donald Trump won the United States presidential election on November 8, 2016, and became the President-elect. Trump was formally elected by the Electoral College on December 19, 2016. The transition was formerly led by Chris Christie until he and a number of his supporters were replaced or demoted on November 11. The transition ended when Trump was inaugurated at noon EST on January 20, 2017. In accordance with the Pre-Election Presidential Transition Act of\",\n \"title\": \"Presidential transition of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19966014\",\n \"text\": \"Opinion polling on the Donald Trump administration Poll numbers verified . In February 2017, Donald Trump nominated Neil Gorsuch to the Supreme Court of the United States. Gorsuch was confirmed on April 7, 2017, by a 54–45 vote. On June 1, 2017, Donald Trump announced that the United States would withdraw from the Paris Agreement on climate change. Donald Trump has pledged to repeal certain U.S. government regulations intended to address climate change. In January 2017, Donald Trump ordered construction of a wall along portions of the Mexico–United States border. In January 2017, Donald Trump ordered the U.S. Army Corps\",\n \"title\": \"Opinion polling on the Donald Trump administration\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"21015281\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"The Washington Post\\\" similarly noted that Trump's estimated net worth of $100 million in 1978 would have increased to $6 billion by 2016 if he had invested it in a typical retirement fund, and concluded that \\\"Trump is a mix of braggadocio, business failures, and real success.\\\" Wealth of Donald Trump The net worth of Donald Trump, the 45th president of the United States, stood at $3.1 billion as of 2018, according to \\\"Forbes\\\". Various organizations have estimated and investigated Trump's wealth. Trump has often stated higher values for his wealth than organizations estimating it. Trump is the beneficiary of\",\n \"title\": \"Wealth of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19829514\",\n \"text\": \"Source:Adweek Inauguration of Donald Trump The inauguration of Donald Trump as the 45th President of the United States marked commencement of the four-year term of Donald Trump as President and Mike Pence as Vice President. An estimated 150,000 people attended the public ceremony held on Friday, January 20, 2017 on the West Front of the United States Capitol Building in Washington, D.C. The event was the 58th presidential inauguration. Held in Washington, D.C. from January 17 to 21, 2017, inaugural events included concerts, the swearing-in ceremony, a Congressional luncheon, parade, inaugural balls, and the interfaith inaugural prayer service. Administered by\",\n \"title\": \"Inauguration of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19829458\",\n \"text\": \"Inauguration of Donald Trump The inauguration of Donald Trump as the 45th President of the United States marked commencement of the four-year term of Donald Trump as President and Mike Pence as Vice President. An estimated 150,000 people attended the public ceremony held on Friday, January 20, 2017 on the West Front of the United States Capitol Building in Washington, D.C. The event was the 58th presidential inauguration. Held in Washington, D.C. from January 17 to 21, 2017, inaugural events included concerts, the swearing-in ceremony, a Congressional luncheon, parade, inaugural balls, and the interfaith inaugural prayer service. Administered by Chief\",\n \"title\": \"Inauguration of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19817970\",\n \"text\": \"Donald Trump has said that he \\\"feels Scottish\\\". In 1885, Donald Trump's grandfather, Friedrich Trump, emigrated from Kallstadt, Palatinate (then part of the Kingdom of Bavaria), to the United States at age 16. He anglicized his name to \\\"Frederick\\\" in 1892 when he became a U.S. citizen. During the Klondike Gold Rush, he amassed a fortune by opening a restaurant and hotel in Bennett and later Whitehorse, serving gold seekers on their way to the region; one biographer wrote that the business included a brothel, a portrayal Donald Trump has said was \\\"totally false\\\". After his death, his fortune was\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19817966\",\n \"text\": \"players at the Easter Egg Roll. In September 2017, he was selected to join the U-12 team for D.C. United's Development Academy. Donald Trump has nine grandchildren. Donald Trump Jr. and his former wife Vanessa have five children: daughters Kai Madison (born May 12, 2007) and Chloe Sophia (born June 16, 2014), and sons Donald John III (born February 18, 2009), Tristan Milos (born October 2, 2011), and Spencer Frederick (born October 21, 2012). Ivanka Trump and her husband Jared Kushner have three children: daughter Arabella Rose Kushner (born July 17, 2011), and sons Joseph Frederick Kushner (born October 14,\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19568845\",\n \"text\": \"racist by a number of \\\"New York Times\\\" columnists including Nicholas Kristof (\\\"I don't see what else we can call him but a racist\\\"), Charles M. Blow (\\\"Trump Is a Racist. Period.\\\"), and David Leonhardt (\\\"Donald Trump is a racist\\\"). Additionally, John Cassidy of \\\"The New Yorker\\\" concluded, \\\"we have a racist in the Oval Office.\\\" Conservative pundit and former Republican National Committee chairman Michael Steele, when asked in an interview if he thought Trump was a racist replied, \\\"Yeah, I do. At this point the evidence is incontrovertible.\\\" Speaking on MSNBC, Steele said, \\\"There are a whole lot of\",\n \"title\": \"Racial views of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19534587\",\n \"text\": \"assessment or payment, on a net basis, of any deficiency.\\\" Tax attorneys believe the government may have reduced what Trump was able to claim as a loss without requiring him to pay any additional taxes. It is unknown whether the I.R.S. challenged Trump's use of the swaps because he has not released his tax returns. Trump's lawyers advised against Trump using the equity for debt swap, as they believed it to be potentially illegal. In June 2016, a \\\"USA Today\\\" article reported that Donald Trump and his companies have been deleting emails and other documents on a large scale, including\",\n \"title\": \"Legal affairs of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19534511\",\n \"text\": \"from craps tables in order to accommodate high roller Robert LiButti, a mob figure and alleged John Gotti associate, who was said to fly into fits of racist rage when he was on losing streaks. There is no indication that Trump was ever questioned in that investigation, he was not held personally liable, and Trump denies even knowing what LiButti looked like. In 1991, one of Trump's casinos in Atlantic City, New Jersey, was found guilty of circumventing state regulations about casino financing when Donald Trump's father bought $3.5 million in chips that he had no plans to gamble. Trump\",\n \"title\": \"Legal affairs of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7642176\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"The Celebrity Apprentice\\\", in which celebrities compete to win money for their charities. In February 2015, Trump stated that he was \\\"not ready\\\" to sign on for another season of the show because of the possibility of a presidential run. Despite this, NBC announced they were going ahead with production of a 15th season. In June, after widespread negative reaction stemming from Trump's campaign announcement speech, NBC released a statement saying, \\\"Due to the recent derogatory statements by Donald Trump regarding immigrants, NBCUniversal is ending its business relationship with Mr. Trump.\\\" Trump has made cameo appearances in 12 films and\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7642144\",\n \"text\": \"interest. In October 2018, \\\"The New York Times\\\" reported that Donald Trump \\\"was a millionaire by age 8\\\", and that he had received at least $413 million (adjusted for inflation) from his father's business empire over his lifetime. According to the \\\"Times\\\", Trump borrowed at least $60 million from his father, and largely failed to reimburse him. A lawyer for Trump denied reporting from the \\\"Times\\\" piece that Trump and his family committed tax fraud; the tax department of New York says it is \\\"vigorously pursuing all appropriate avenues of investigation\\\" into it. Analyses by \\\"The Economist\\\" and \\\"The Washington\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19534584\",\n \"text\": \"deal. According to a New York state report, Trump circumvented corporate and personal campaign donation limits in the 1980s – although he did not break any laws – by donating money to candidates from 18 different business subsidiaries, rather than giving primarily in his own name. Trump told investigators he did so on the advice of his lawyers. He also said the contributions were not to curry favor with business-friendly candidates, but simply to satisfy requests from friends. During the 2016 U.S. presidential election, media began reporting in detail on how the Donald J. Trump Foundation was funded and how\",\n \"title\": \"Legal affairs of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18844789\",\n \"text\": \"would no longer defend or support Trump's presidential campaign, and in a highly unusual move he freed down-ticket congressional members to use their own judgment, saying \\\"you all need to do what's best for you and your district.\\\" In the final weeks of the campaign, Trump went on the attack against Ryan, accusing him and other \\\"disloyal\\\" Republicans of deliberately undermining his candidacy as part of \\\"a whole sinister deal\\\". Despite his reluctance to publicly support Trump, Ryan ultimately announced that he cast his vote for Donald Trump a week before election day. In March 2017, Breitbart News released a\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19965592\",\n \"text\": \"Social policy of Donald Trump This is an article about the social policy of Donald Trump during his presidency. President Donald Trump describes himself as pro-life and generally opposes abortion with some exceptions: rape, incest, and circumstances endangering the life of the mother. He has said that he is committed to appointing justices who may overturn the ruling in \\\"Roe v. Wade\\\". Trump personally supports \\\"traditional marriage\\\" but said after the election that he considers the nationwide legality of same-sex marriage a \\\"settled\\\" issue with the \\\"Obergefell v. Hodges\\\" ruling. This appeared to contradict some of his campaign statements, where\",\n \"title\": \"Social policy of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19362729\",\n \"text\": \"Donald Trump (Last Week Tonight) \\\"Donald Trump\\\" is a segment of the HBO news satire television series \\\"Last Week Tonight with John Oliver\\\" that is devoted to Donald Trump, who later became the President of the United States. It first aired on February 28, 2016, as part of the third episode of \\\"Last Week Tonight\\\" third season, when Trump was the frontrunner for the Republican Party nomination for the presidency. During the 22-minute segment, comedian John Oliver discusses Trump's 2016 presidential campaign and his career in business. Oliver outlines Trump's campaign rhetoric, varying political positions, and failed business ventures. The\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump (Last Week Tonight)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19568769\",\n \"text\": \"Racial views of Donald Trump Donald Trump, the President of the United States, has a history of making racially controversial remarks and taking actions widely seen as exacerbating racial anxieties in the United States. Trump has denied accusations of racism, saying, \\\"I am not a racist. I'm the least racist person you will ever interview\\\". In 1973, Trump and his company Trump Management were sued by the U.S. Department of Justice for housing discrimination against black rentersa lawsuit which, according to Trump, he settled without an admission of guilt. In 2011, Trump became the leading proponent of the already discredited\",\n \"title\": \"Racial views of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19817968\",\n \"text\": \"grown up in a mainly German-speaking environment until he was 10 years old; after World War II and until the 1980s, he told people he was of Swedish ancestry. Donald Trump repeated this version in \\\"The Art of the Deal\\\" (1987) but later said he is \\\"proud\\\" of his German heritage, and served as grand marshal of the 1999 German-American Steuben Parade in New York City. Donald Trump's father, Fred Trump (1905–1999), born in New York, was one of the biggest real estate developers in New York City. Using his inheritance, Fred Trump and his mother Elizabeth founded \\\"Elizabeth Trump\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19636819\",\n \"text\": \"Trump.\\\" In April 2018, Greenberg retrieved and made public the original audio recordings of his exchange with \\\"Barron\\\", and stated that \\\"Trump, through this [Barron] sockpuppet, was telling me he owned 'in excess of 90 percent'\\\" of Fred Trump's assets. Ultimately, Greenberg included Trump at the end of the Forbes 400 list at $100 million, one fifth of the $500 million which \\\"Barron\\\" was claiming as Donald Trump's net worth. According to Greenberg, Donald Trump was only ever worth just under $5 million, which was less than 5% of the net worth which was attributed to him by Forbes at\",\n \"title\": \"Pseudonyms of Donald Trump\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19787064\",\n \"text\": \"Line: How Donald Trump Behaved With Women in Private\\\" article. She had not intended to speak publicly about the incidents again, but she received numerous calls recently due to the \\\"Crossing the Line\\\" article and felt, as a mother, that it is important to share a message about unwanted advances: \\\"You have the right to say no. You have the right to get out of there. You have the right to leave, and you have the right to make them feel uncomfortable if they're making you feel uncomfortable,\\\" she said. Trump stated that he does not know her and denied\",\n \"title\": \"Donald Trump sexual misconduct allegations\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19568852\",\n \"text\": \"significant factor than economic issues in determining voters' party allegiance. Racial views of Donald Trump Donald Trump, the President of the United States, has a history of making racially controversial remarks and taking actions widely seen as exacerbating racial anxieties in the United States. Trump has denied accusations of racism, saying, \\\"I am not a racist. I'm the least racist person you will ever interview\\\". In 1973, Trump and his company Trump Management were sued by the U.S. Department of Justice for housing discrimination against black rentersa lawsuit which, according to Trump, he settled without an admission of guilt. In\",\n \"title\": \"Racial views of Donald Trump\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["trump tower","the trump organization","trump entertainment resorts"],"string":"[\n \"trump tower\",\n \"the trump organization\",\n \"trump entertainment resorts\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":590,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"what did thomson discover with his cathode ray tube experiment?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"74958","text":"includes discarded CRT monitors in its category of \"hazardous household waste\" but considers CRTs that have been set aside for testing to be commodities if they are not discarded, speculatively accumulated, or left unprotected from weather and other damage. Leaded CRT glass was sold to be remelted into other CRTs, or even broken down and used in road construction. Basics of cathode rays and discharge in low-pressure gas: Light production by cathode rays: Manipulating the electron beam: Applying CRT in different display-purpose: Miscellaneous phenomena: Historical aspects: Safety and precautions: Cathode-ray tube The cathode-ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube that","title":"Cathode-ray tube"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"74958\",\n \"text\": \"includes discarded CRT monitors in its category of \\\"hazardous household waste\\\" but considers CRTs that have been set aside for testing to be commodities if they are not discarded, speculatively accumulated, or left unprotected from weather and other damage. Leaded CRT glass was sold to be remelted into other CRTs, or even broken down and used in road construction. Basics of cathode rays and discharge in low-pressure gas: Light production by cathode rays: Manipulating the electron beam: Applying CRT in different display-purpose: Miscellaneous phenomena: Historical aspects: Safety and precautions: Cathode-ray tube The cathode-ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube that\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode-ray tube\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"74910","text":"than atoms, the first \"subatomic particles\", which were later named \"electrons\". The earliest version of the CRT was known as the \"Braun tube\", invented by the German physicist Ferdinand Braun in 1897. It was a cold-cathode diode, a modification of the Crookes tube with a phosphor-coated screen. The first cathode-ray tube to use a hot cathode was developed by John B. Johnson (who gave his name to the term Johnson noise) and Harry Weiner Weinhart of Western Electric, and became a commercial product in 1922. In 1925, Kenjiro Takayanagi demonstrated a CRT television that received images with a 40-line resolution.","title":"Cathode-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"15319742","text":"public, so it had no effect on the future video game industry. Under most definitions, the device is not considered a video game, as while it had an electronic display it did not run on a computing device. Therefore, despite its relevance to the early history of video games, it is not generally considered a candidate for the title of the first video game. The cathode-ray tube amusement device consists of a cathode ray tube connected to an oscilloscope with a set of knobs and switches. The device uses purely analog electronics and does not use any digital computer or","title":"Cathode-ray tube amusement device"},{"psg_id":"15319741","text":"Cathode-ray tube amusement device The cathode-ray tube amusement device is the earliest known interactive electronic game. The device simulates an artillery shell arcing towards targets on a cathode ray tube (CRT) screen, which is controlled by the player by adjusting knobs to change the trajectory of a CRT beam spot on the display in order to reach plastic targets overlaid on the screen. Thomas T. Goldsmith, Jr. and Estle Ray Mann constructed the game from analog electronics and filed for a patent in 1947, which was issued the following year. The gaming device was never manufactured or marketed to the","title":"Cathode-ray tube amusement device"},{"psg_id":"74909","text":"flat panels are available in and larger sizes. Cathode rays were discovered by Johann Wilhelm Hittorf in 1869 in primitive Crookes tubes. He observed that some unknown rays were emitted from the cathode (negative electrode) which could cast shadows on the glowing wall of the tube, indicating the rays were traveling in straight lines. In 1890, Arthur Schuster demonstrated cathode rays could be deflected by electric fields, and William Crookes showed they could be deflected by magnetic fields. In 1897, J. J. Thomson succeeded in measuring the mass of cathode rays, showing that they consisted of negatively charged particles smaller","title":"Cathode-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"15319748","text":"purely analog hardware and did not run on a computing device; some loose definitions may still consider it a video game, but it is still usually disqualified as the device was never manufactured. Nevertheless, it is the earliest known interactive electronic game as well as the first to incorporate an electronic display, thus making it a forerunner to other games in the early history of video games. As the device was never manufactured or widely shown it did not directly inspire any other games and had no impact on the future video game industry. Cathode-ray tube amusement device The cathode-ray","title":"Cathode-ray tube amusement device"},{"psg_id":"74916","text":"be displayed by a conventional tube only while it actually occurs. The use of a long persistence phosphor may allow the image to be observed after the event, but only for a few seconds at best. This limitation can be overcome by the use of a direct view storage cathode-ray tube (storage tube). A storage tube will continue to display the event after it has occurred until such time as it is erased. A storage tube is similar to a conventional tube except that it is equipped with a metal grid coated with a dielectric layer located immediately behind the","title":"Cathode-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"74911","text":"By 1927, he improved the resolution to 100 lines, which was unrivaled until 1931. By 1928, he was the first to transmit human faces in half-tones on a CRT display. By 1935, he had invented an early all-electronic CRT television. It was named in 1929 by inventor Vladimir K. Zworykin, who was influenced by Takayanagi's earlier work. RCA was granted a trademark for the term (for its cathode-ray tube) in 1932; it voluntarily released the term to the public domain in 1950. The first commercially made electronic television sets with cathode-ray tubes were manufactured by Telefunken in Germany in 1934.","title":"Cathode-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"74955","text":"gas. If the glass is damaged, atmospheric pressure can collapse the vacuum tube into dangerous fragments which accelerate inward and then spray at high speed in all directions. The implosion energy is proportional to the evacuated volume of the CRT. Although modern cathode-ray tubes used in televisions and computer displays have epoxy-bonded face-plates or other measures to prevent shattering of the envelope, CRTs must be handled carefully to avoid personal injury. To accelerate the electrons from the cathode to the screen with sufficient velocity, a very high voltage (EHT or Extra High Tension) is required, from a few thousand volts","title":"Cathode-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"15319745","text":"care\". The cathode-ray tube amusement device was invented by physicists Thomas T. Goldsmith, Jr. and Estle Ray Mann. The pair worked at television designer DuMont Laboratories specializing in the development of cathode ray tubes that used electronic signal outputs to project a signal onto television screens. Goldsmith, who had received a Ph.D. in physics from Cornell University in 1936 with a focus on oscilloscope design, was at the time of the device's invention the director of research for DuMont Laboratories in New Jersey. The two inventors were inspired by the radar displays used in World War II, which Goldsmith had","title":"Cathode-ray tube amusement device"},{"psg_id":"15319747","text":"did not work on games after the invention of the device; he was promoted to vice president in 1953 and left DuMont—by then split up and sold to other firms—to become a professor of physics at Furman University in 1966. Goldsmith kept the device and brought it with him to Furman; in a 2016 interview fellow physics professor Bill Brantley recalled Goldsmith demonstrating the game to him. Despite being a game that used a graphical display, the cathode-ray tube amusement device is generally not considered under most definitions to be a candidate for the first video game, as it used","title":"Cathode-ray tube amusement device"},{"psg_id":"87518","text":"began to glow. What was happening was that as more air was pumped from the tube, the electrons knocked out of the cathode when positive ions struck it could travel farther, on average, before they struck a gas atom. By the time the tube was dark, most of the electrons could travel in straight lines from the cathode to the anode end of the tube without a collision. With no obstructions, these low mass particles were accelerated to high velocities by the voltage between the electrodes. These were the cathode rays. When they reached the anode end of the tube,","title":"Cathode ray"},{"psg_id":"87521","text":"were. There were two theories. Crookes and Arthur Schuster believed they were particles of \"radiant matter,\" that is, electrically charged atoms. German scientists Eilhard Wiedemann, Heinrich Hertz and Goldstein believed they were \"aether waves\", some new form of electromagnetic radiation, and were separate from what carried the electric current through the tube. The debate was resolved in 1897 when J. J. Thomson measured the mass of cathode rays, showing they were made of particles, but were around 1800 times lighter than the lightest atom, hydrogen. Therefore, they were not atoms, but a new particle, the first \"subatomic\" particle to be","title":"Cathode ray"},{"psg_id":"785119","text":"one side, out of the direct path of the cathode rays. Thomson could trace the path of the ray by observing the phosphorescent patch it created where it hit the surface of the tube. Thomson observed that the electrometer registered a charge only when he deflected the cathode ray to it with a magnet. He concluded that the negative charge and the rays were one and the same. In May–June 1897, Thomson investigated whether or not the rays could be deflected by an electric field. Previous experimenters had failed to observe this, but Thomson believed their experiments were flawed because","title":"J. J. Thomson"},{"psg_id":"87520","text":"to notice that objects in the tube in front of the cathode, such as the anode, cast sharp-edged shadows on the glowing back wall. In 1869, German physicist Johann Hittorf was first to realize that something must be traveling in straight lines from the cathode to cast the shadows. Eugen Goldstein named them \"cathode rays\" (German \"kathodenstrahlen\"). At this time, atoms were the smallest particles known, and were believed to be indivisible. What carried electric currents was a mystery. During the last quarter of the 19th century, many historic experiments were done with Crookes tubes to determine what cathode rays","title":"Cathode ray"},{"psg_id":"5174288","text":"paddle. This was proven in 1903 by J. J. Thomson who calculated that the momentum of the electrons hitting the paddle wheel would only be sufficient to turn the wheel one revolution per minute. All this experiment really showed was that cathode rays were able to heat surfaces. Jean-Baptiste Perrin wanted to determine whether the cathode rays actually carried negative charge, or whether they just accompanied the charge carriers, as the Germans thought. In 1895 he constructed a tube with a 'catcher', a closed aluminum cylinder with a small hole in the end facing the cathode, to collect the cathode","title":"Crookes tube"},{"psg_id":"5174263","text":"Heinrich Hertz, Philipp Lenard, Kristian Birkeland and others to discover the properties of cathode rays, culminating in J.J. Thomson's 1897 identification of cathode rays as negatively charged particles, which were later named \"electrons\". Crookes tubes are now used only for demonstrating cathode rays. Wilhelm Röntgen discovered X-rays using the Crookes tube in 1895. The term \"Crookes tube\" is also used for the first generation, cold cathode X-ray tubes, which evolved from the experimental Crookes tubes and were used until about 1920. Crookes tubes are cold cathode tubes, meaning that they do not have a heated filament in them that releases","title":"Crookes tube"},{"psg_id":"3606263","text":"produce X-rays. These were the first X-ray tubes. These first generation \"cold cathode\" or \"Crookes\" X-ray tubes were used until the 1920s. Crookes tubes generated the electrons needed to create X-rays by ionization of the residual air in the tube, instead of a heated filament, so they were partially but not completely evacuated. They consisted of a glass bulb with around 10 to 5×10 atmospheric pressure of air (0.1 to 0.005 Pa). An aluminum cathode plate at one end of the tube created a beam of electrons, which struck a platinum anode (for economy, made from nickel or copper with","title":"X-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"87523","text":"The gas ionization (or cold cathode) method of producing cathode rays used in Crookes tubes was unreliable, because it depended on the pressure of the residual air in the tube. Over time, the air was absorbed by the walls of the tube, and it stopped working. A more reliable and controllable method of producing cathode rays was investigated by Hittorf and Goldstein, and rediscovered by Thomas Edison in 1880. A cathode made of a wire filament heated red hot by a separate current passing through it would release electrons into the tube by a process called thermionic emission. The first","title":"Cathode ray"},{"psg_id":"87517","text":"able to evacuate tubes to a lower pressure, below 10 atm. These were called Crookes tubes. Faraday had been the first to notice a dark space just in front of the cathode, where there was no luminescence. This came to be called the \"cathode dark space\", \"Faraday dark space\" or \"Crookes dark space\". Crookes found that as he pumped more air out of the tubes, the Faraday dark space spread down the tube from the cathode toward the anode, until the tube was totally dark. But at the anode (positive) end of the tube, the glass of the tube itself","title":"Cathode ray"},{"psg_id":"87511","text":"lines from the cathode. After the electrons reach the anode, they travel through the anode wire to the power supply and back to the cathode, so cathode rays carry electric current through the tube. The current in a beam of cathode rays through a vacuum tube can be controlled by passing it through a metal screen of wires (a grid) between cathode and anode, to which a small negative voltage is applied. The electric field of the wires deflects some of the electrons, preventing them from reaching the anode. The amount of current that gets through to the anode depends","title":"Cathode ray"},{"psg_id":"74912","text":"Flat panel displays dropped in price and started significantly displacing cathode-ray tubes in the 2000s, with LCD screens exceeding CRTs in 2008. The last known manufacturer of (in this case, recycled) CRTs ceased in 2015. In oscilloscope CRTs, electrostatic deflection is used, rather than the magnetic deflection commonly used with television and other large CRTs. The beam is deflected horizontally by applying an electric field between a pair of plates to its left and right, and vertically by applying an electric field to plates above and below. Televisions use magnetic rather than electrostatic deflection because the deflection plates obstruct the","title":"Cathode-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"87510","text":"negative cathode and attracted to the positive anode. They travel in straight lines through the empty tube. The voltage applied between the electrodes accelerates these low mass particles to high velocities. Cathode rays are invisible, but their presence was first detected in early vacuum tubes when they struck the glass wall of the tube, exciting the atoms of the glass and causing them to emit light, a glow called fluorescence. Researchers noticed that objects placed in the tube in front of the cathode could cast a shadow on the glowing wall, and realized that something must be travelling in straight","title":"Cathode ray"},{"psg_id":"87509","text":"residual gas atoms in the tube. The positive ions were accelerated by the electric field toward the cathode, and when they collided with it they knocked electrons out if its surface; these were the cathode rays. Modern vacuum tubes use thermionic emission, in which the cathode is made of a thin wire filament which is heated by a separate electric current passing through it. The increased random heat motion of the filament knocks electrons out of the surface of the filament, into the evacuated space of the tube. Since the electrons have a negative charge, they are repelled by the","title":"Cathode ray"},{"psg_id":"785122","text":"When the upper plate was connected to the negative pole of the battery and the lower plate to the positive pole, the glowing patch moved downwards, and when the polarity was reversed, the patch moved upwards. In his classic experiment, Thomson measured the mass-to-charge ratio of the cathode rays by measuring how much they were deflected by a magnetic field and comparing this with the electric deflection. He used the same apparatus as in his previous experiment, but placed the discharge tube between the poles of a large electromagnet. He found that the mass-to-charge ratio was over a thousand times","title":"J. J. Thomson"},{"psg_id":"13048255","text":"The Cathode Ray The Cathode Ray are an alternative band based in Edinburgh, Scotland. The current line-up is Jeremy Thoms (lead vocals/guitar/keyboards), Steve Fraser (guitar/backing vocals), Phil Biggs (guitar/backing vocals), Neil Baldwin (bass), and David Mack (drums & percussion). Originally based on a loose concept of forging late 70’s New York, with late 70’s Manchester, The Cathode Ray started life in 2006, initially as a song-writing collaboration and “a bit of fun” between Jeremy Thoms and his friend ex-Josef K frontman Paul Haig. The songs written were swift to adopt their own unique stamp and personality, so a band was","title":"The Cathode Ray"},{"psg_id":"3984522","text":"Anode ray An anode ray (also positive ray or canal ray) is a beam of positive ions that is created by certain types of gas-discharge tubes. They were first observed in Crookes tubes during experiments by the German scientist Eugen Goldstein, in 1886. Later work on anode rays by Wilhelm Wien and J. J. Thomson led to the development of mass spectrometry. Goldstein used a gas-discharge tube which had a perforated cathode. When a high electrical potential of several thousand volts is applied between the cathode and anode, faint luminous \"rays\" are seen extending from the holes in the back","title":"Anode ray"},{"psg_id":"3606270","text":"The anode is usually made out of tungsten or molybdenum. The tube has a window designed for escape of the generated X-ray photons. The power of a Coolidge tube usually ranges from 0.1 to 18 kW. Any vacuum tube operating at several thousand volts or more can produce X-rays as an unwanted byproduct, raising safety issues. The higher the voltage, the more penetrating the resulting radiation and the more the hazard. CRT displays, once common in color televisions and computer displays, operate at making them the main concern among household appliances. Historically, concern has focused less on the cathode ray","title":"X-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"3606264","text":"a thin platinum face) target at the center generating X-rays. The anode surface was angled so that the X-rays would radiate through the side of the tube. The cathode was concave so that the electrons were focused on a small (~1 mm) spot on the anode, approximating a point source of X-rays, which resulted in sharper images. The tube had a third electrode, an anticathode connected to the anode. It improved the X-ray output, but the method by which it achieved this is not understood. A more common arrangement used a copper plate anticathode (similar in construction to the cathode)","title":"X-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"3606255","text":"the increased power density level for the metal-jet X-ray tube is the possibility to operate with a smaller focal spot, say 5 µm, to increase image resolution and at the same time acquire the image faster, since the power is higher (15-30 W) than for solid-anode tubes with 10 µm focal spots. As with any vacuum tube, there is a cathode, which emits electrons into the vacuum and an anode to collect the electrons, thus establishing a flow of electrical current, known as the beam, through the tube. A high voltage power source, for example 30 to 150 kilovolts (kV),","title":"X-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"785117","text":"debated whether cathode rays were immaterial like light (\"some process in the aether\") or were \"in fact wholly material, and ... mark the paths of particles of matter charged with negative electricity\", quoting Thomson. The aetherial hypothesis was vague, but the particle hypothesis was definite enough for Thomson to test. Thomson first investigated the magnetic deflection of cathode rays. Cathode rays were produced in the side tube on the left of the apparatus and passed through the anode into the main bell jar, where they were deflected by a magnet. Thomson detected their path by the fluorescence on a squared","title":"J. J. Thomson"},{"psg_id":"3606258","text":"This will slowly darken the tube and was thought to degrade the quality of the X-ray beam. Vaporized tungsten condenses on the inside of the envelope over the \"window\" and thus acts as an additional filter and decreases the tubes ability to radiate heat. Eventually, the tungsten deposit may become sufficiently conductive that at high enough voltages, arcing occurs. The arc will jump from the cathode to the tungsten deposit, and then to the anode. This arcing causes an effect called \"crazing\" on the interior glass of the X-ray window. As time goes on, the tube becomes unstable even at","title":"X-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"6225317","text":"reaction between these. The material has to be resistant to high temperatures, have high melting point and very low vapor pressure, and be electrically conductive. Materials used can be e.g. tantalum diboride, titanium diboride, zirconium diboride, niobium diboride, tantalum carbide, zirconium carbide, tantalum nitride, and zirconium nitride. A \"cathode heater\" is a heated wire filament used to heat the cathode in a vacuum tube or cathode ray tube. The cathode element has to achieve the required temperature in order for these tubes to function properly. This is why older electronics often needs some time to \"warm up\" after being powered","title":"Hot cathode"},{"psg_id":"6846337","text":"last mechanical television broadcasts ended in 1939 at stations run by a handful of public universities in the United States. In 1897, J. J. Thomson, an English physicist, in his three famous experiments was able to deflect cathode rays, a fundamental function of the modern Cathode Ray Tube (CRT). The earliest version of the CRT was invented by the German physicist Karl Ferdinand Braun in 1897 and is also known as the \"Braun tube\". It was a cold-cathode diode, a modification of the Crookes tube with a phosphor-coated screen. A cathode ray tube was successfully demonstrated as a displaying device","title":"History of television"},{"psg_id":"6225318","text":"on; this phenomenon can still be observed in the cathode ray tubes of some modern televisions and computer monitors. The cathode heats to a temperature that causes electrons to be 'boiled out' of its surface into the evacuated space in the tube, a process called thermionic emission. The temperature required for modern oxide-coated cathodes is around . The cathode is usually in the form of a long narrow sheet metal cylinder at the center of the tube. The heater consists of a fine wire or ribbon, made of a high resistance metal alloy like nichrome, similar to the heating element","title":"Hot cathode"},{"psg_id":"3606268","text":"is the cathode of the tube. The high voltage potential is between the cathode and the anode, the electrons are thus accelerated, and then hit the anode. There are two designs: end-window tubes and side-window tubes. End window tubes usually have \"transmission target\" which is thin enough to allow X-rays to pass through the target (X-rays are emitted in the same direction as the electrons are moving.) In one common type of end-window tube, the filament is around the anode (\"annular\" or ring-shaped), the electrons have a curved path (half of a toroid). What is special about side-window tubes is","title":"X-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"13048258","text":"2010 – 2011 at Gold Star Studios in Fife. 2010 also saw The Cathode Ray making their live debut with well received shows in Edinburgh and Glasgow. They have since built up a solid live reputation with more gigs in and around Scotland including an appearance at the Wickerman Festival in 2012. The debut album “The Cathode Ray” was finally released in April 2012, through Stereogram Recordings to high critical acclaim. The album featured high in the end of year roundups on the Manic Pop Thrills, Penny Black Music, The Sound Project and Jocknroll websites. The single “Dispersal” was Track","title":"The Cathode Ray"},{"psg_id":"87527","text":"was resolved when an electric field was used to deflect the rays by J. J. Thomson. This was evidence that the beams were composed of particles because scientists knew it was impossible to deflect electromagnetic waves with an electric field. These can also create mechanical effects, fluorescence, etc. Louis de Broglie later (1924) showed in his doctoral dissertation that electrons are in fact much like photons in the respect that they act both as waves and as particles in a dual manner as Einstein had shown earlier for light. The wave-like behaviour of cathode rays was later directly demonstrated using","title":"Cathode ray"},{"psg_id":"13048259","text":"Of The Month in April 2012 on the influential Janice Forsyth Show on BBC Radio Scotland. Three tracks, “Train”, “Around” and “Dispersal” were lifted from the album as singles to much acclaim and worldwide radio exposure. The Cathode Ray released their second album entitled “Infinite Variety” on Stereogram Recordings in April 2015. Accompanied by the singles ‘Resist’, ‘Buck The Trend’ and ‘This Force Of Nature’, it has garlanded ecstatic praise from all corners of the music press. The Cathode Ray returned on 6 April 2018, after a three-year recording hiatus, with “Another World”, the lead track from their forthcoming third","title":"The Cathode Ray"},{"psg_id":"13048260","text":"album “Heightened Senses” which is due for release early in 2019. \"Another World\" marks the recording debut of guitarist Phil Biggs with the band, plus production assistance, cover art and video direction from Alex Thoms, the son of lead singer Jeremy Thoms. Steve Fraser (lead guitar), Neil Baldwin (bass) and David Mack (drums) still complete the current line-up. The Cathode Ray The Cathode Ray are an alternative band based in Edinburgh, Scotland. The current line-up is Jeremy Thoms (lead vocals/guitar/keyboards), Steve Fraser (guitar/backing vocals), Phil Biggs (guitar/backing vocals), Neil Baldwin (bass), and David Mack (drums & percussion). Originally based on","title":"The Cathode Ray"},{"psg_id":"5174280","text":"more X-rays, and was tilted at an angle to the cathode, so the X-rays would radiate through the side of the tube. The cathode had a concave spherical surface which focused the electrons into a small spot around 1 mm in diameter on the anode, in order to approximate a point source of X-rays, which gave the sharpest radiographs. These cold cathode type X-ray tubes were used until about 1920, when they were superseded by the hot cathode Coolidge X-ray tube. During the last quarter of the 19th century Crookes tubes were used in dozens of historic experiments to try","title":"Crookes tube"},{"psg_id":"445029","text":"analog scopes (dependent upon CRTs) continue to be produced, are economical, and preferred by many technicians. At one time many radios used \"magic eye tubes\", a specialized sort of CRT used in place of a meter movement to indicate signal strength, or input level in a tape recorder. A modern indicator device, the vacuum fluorescent display (VFD) is also a sort of cathode ray tube. The X-ray tube is a type of cathode ray tube that generates X-rays when high voltage electrons hit the anode. Gyrotrons or vacuum masers, used to generate high-power millimeter band waves, are magnetic vacuum tubes","title":"Vacuum tube"},{"psg_id":"5174284","text":"made in the form of a concave spherical dish, the cathode rays would be focused to a spot in front of the dish. This could be used to heat samples to a high temperature. Heinrich Hertz built a tube with a second pair of metal plates to either side of the cathode ray beam, a crude CRT. If the cathode rays were charged particles, their path should be bent by the electric field created when a voltage was applied to the plates, causing the spot of light where the rays hit to move sideways. He did not find any bending,","title":"Crookes tube"},{"psg_id":"5174275","text":"pressure of residual gas in the tube. Over time the gas was absorbed by the walls of the tube, reducing the pressure. This reduced the amount of cathode rays produced and caused the voltage across the tube to increase, creating more energetic cathode rays. In Crookes X-ray tubes this phenomenon was called \"hardening\" because the higher voltage produced \"harder\", more penetrating X-rays; a tube with a higher vacuum was called a \"hard\" tube, while one with lower vacuum was a \"soft\" tube. Eventually the pressure got so low the tube stopped working entirely. To prevent this, in heavily used tubes","title":"Crookes tube"},{"psg_id":"3606256","text":"called the \"tube voltage\", is connected across cathode and anode to accelerate the electrons. The X-ray spectrum depends on the anode material and the accelerating voltage. In many applications, the current flow (typically in the range 1 mA to 1 A) is able to be pulsed on for between about 1 ms to 1 s. This enables consistent doses of X-rays, and taking snapshots of motion. Until the late 1980s, X-ray generators were merely high-voltage, AC to DC variable power supplies. In the late 1980s a different method of control was emerging, called high speed switching. This followed the electronics","title":"X-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"87512","text":"on the voltage on the grid. Thus, a small voltage on the grid can be made to control a much larger voltage on the anode. This is the principle used in vacuum tubes to amplify electrical signals. The triode vacuum tube developed between 1907 and 1914 was the first electronic device that could amplify, and is still used in some applications such as radio transmitters. High speed beams of cathode rays can also be steered and manipulated by electric fields created by additional metal plates in the tube to which voltage is applied, or magnetic fields created by coils of","title":"Cathode ray"},{"psg_id":"74919","text":"on the storage mesh. One way of allowing the image to be retained for longer is temporarily to turn off the flood gun. It is then possible for the image to be retained for several days. The majority of storage tubes allow for a lower voltage to be applied to the storage mesh which slowly restores the initial charge state. By varying this voltage a variable persistence is obtained. Turning off the flood gun and the voltage supply to the storage mesh allows such a tube to operate as a conventional oscilloscope tube. The Williams tube or Williams-Kilburn tube was","title":"Cathode-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"2775669","text":"equipment was optimized for tube-sourced video. Video camera tube Video camera tubes were devices based on the cathode ray tube that were used to capture television images prior to the introduction of charge-coupled devices (CCDs) in the 1980s. Several different types of tubes were in use from the early 1930s to the 1980s. In these tubes, the cathode ray was scanned across an image of the scene to be broadcast. The resultant current was dependent on the brightness of the image on the target. The size of the striking ray was tiny compared to the size of the target, allowing","title":"Video camera tube"},{"psg_id":"1452634","text":"tube\" cold-cathode device in 1936. Many types of cold-cathode switching tube were developed, including various types of thyratron, the krytron, cold-cathode displays (Nixie tube) and others. Voltage regulator tubes rely on the relatively constant voltage of a glow discharge over a range of current and were used to stabilize power-supply voltages in tube-based instruments. A Dekatron is a cold-cathode tube with multiple electrodes that is used for counting. Each time a pulse is applied to a control electrode, a glow discharge moves to a step electrode; by providing ten electrodes in each tube and cascading the tubes, a counter system","title":"Cold cathode"},{"psg_id":"2775603","text":"in the NTSC format, or 576 lines in PAL. Any vacuum tube which operates using a focused beam of electrons, \"cathode rays\", is known as a cathode ray tube (CRT). These are usually seen as display devices as used in television receivers and computer displays. The camera pickup tubes described in this article are also CRTs, but they display no image. In June 1908, the scientific journal \"Nature\" published a letter in which Alan Archibald Campbell-Swinton, fellow of the Royal Society (UK), discussed how a fully electronic television system could be realized by using cathode ray tubes (or \"Braun\" tubes,","title":"Video camera tube"},{"psg_id":"74938","text":"video voltage and beam intensity). In better quality old-fashioned tube radio sets, a tuning guide consisting of a phosphor tube was used to aid the tuning adjustment. This was also known as a \"Magic Eye\" or \"Tuning Eye\". Tuning would be adjusted until the width of a radial shadow was minimized. This was used instead of a more expensive electromechanical meter, which later came to be used on higher-end tuners when transistor sets lacked the high voltage required to drive the device. The same type of device was used with tape recorders as a recording level meter, and for various","title":"Cathode-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"2775602","text":"Video camera tube Video camera tubes were devices based on the cathode ray tube that were used to capture television images prior to the introduction of charge-coupled devices (CCDs) in the 1980s. Several different types of tubes were in use from the early 1930s to the 1980s. In these tubes, the cathode ray was scanned across an image of the scene to be broadcast. The resultant current was dependent on the brightness of the image on the target. The size of the striking ray was tiny compared to the size of the target, allowing 483 horizontal scan lines per image","title":"Video camera tube"},{"psg_id":"445038","text":"tube is often used in videocassette recorders, DVD players and recorders, microwave oven control panels, and automotive dashboards. Rather than raster scanning, these vacuum fluorescent displays (VFD) switch control grids and anode voltages on and off, for instance, to display discrete characters. The VFD uses phosphor-coated anodes as in other display cathode ray tubes. Because the filaments are in view, they must be operated at temperatures where the filament does not glow visibly. This is possible using more recent cathode technology, and these tubes also operate with quite low anode voltages (often less than 50 volts) unlike cathode ray tubes.","title":"Vacuum tube"},{"psg_id":"87519","text":"they were traveling so fast that, although they were attracted to it, they often flew past the anode and struck the back wall of the tube. When they struck atoms in the glass wall, they excited their orbital electrons to higher energy levels. When the electrons returned to their original energy level, they released the energy as light, causing the glass to fluoresce, usually a greenish or bluish color. Later researchers painted the inside back wall with fluorescent chemicals such as zinc sulfide, to make the glow more visible. Cathode rays themselves are invisible, but this accidental fluorescence allowed researchers","title":"Cathode ray"},{"psg_id":"87516","text":"an electric current flowed through the tube. Geissler tubes had enough air in them that the electrons could only travel a tiny distance before colliding with an atom. The electrons in these tubes moved in a slow diffusion process, never gaining much speed, so these tubes didn't produce cathode rays. Instead, they produced a colorful glow discharge (as in a modern neon light), caused when the electrons struck gas atoms, exciting their orbital electrons to higher energy levels. The electrons released this energy as light. This process is called fluorescence. By the 1870s, British physicist William Crookes and others were","title":"Cathode ray"},{"psg_id":"87514","text":"at the cathode (positive electrode) and its end are at the anode (negative electrode). In 1857, German physicist and glassblower Heinrich Geissler sucked even more air out with an improved pump, to a pressure of around 10 atm and found that, instead of an arc, a glow filled the tube. The voltage applied between the two electrodes of the tubes, generated by an induction coil, was anywhere between a few kilovolts and 100 kV. These were called Geissler tubes, similar to today's neon signs. The explanation of these effects was that the high voltage accelerated free electrons and electrically charged","title":"Cathode ray"},{"psg_id":"445028","text":"use in radar, microwave ovens and industrial heating. Traveling-wave tubes (TWTs) are very good amplifiers and are even used in some communications satellites. High-powered klystron amplifier tubes can provide hundreds of kilowatts in the UHF range. The cathode ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube used particularly for display purposes. Although there are still many televisions and computer monitors using cathode ray tubes, they are rapidly being replaced by flat panel displays whose quality has greatly improved even as their prices drop. This is also true of digital oscilloscopes (based on internal computers and analog to digital converters), although traditional","title":"Vacuum tube"},{"psg_id":"3606267","text":"side of the main tube contained a mica sleeve or chemical that released a small amount of gas when heated, restoring the correct pressure. The glass envelope of the tube would blacken in use due to the X-rays affecting its structure. The Crookes tube was improved by William Coolidge in 1913. The Coolidge tube, also called hot cathode tube, is the most widely used. It works with a very good quality vacuum (about 10 Pa, or 10 Torr). In the Coolidge tube, the electrons are produced by thermionic effect from a tungsten filament heated by an electric current. The filament","title":"X-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"3606265","text":"in line with the anode such that the anode was between the cathode and the anticathode. To operate, a DC voltage of a few kilovolts to as much as 100 kV was applied between the anodes and the cathode, usually generated by an induction coil, or for larger tubes, an electrostatic machine. This created and then accelerated a small number of ions from the low pressure gas in the tube. These struck further gas atoms, knocking electrons off them, creating more positive ions in a chain reaction. All the positive ions were attracted to the cathode. When they struck it,","title":"X-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"87515","text":"atoms (ions) naturally present in the air of the tube. At low pressure, there was enough space between the gas atoms that the electrons could accelerate to high enough speeds that when they struck an atom they knocked electrons off of it, creating more positive ions and free electrons, which went on to create more ions and electrons in a chain reaction, known as a glow discharge. The positive ions were attracted to the cathode and when they struck it knocked more electrons out of it, which were attracted toward the anode. Thus the ionized air was electrically conductive and","title":"Cathode ray"},{"psg_id":"9604874","text":"inevitable differences between vacuum tubes nor does it protect against run-away conditions caused by tube or circuit malfunctions. He also asserted that most tube specialists consider fixed bias operation to be dangerous. Despite this stance, fixed bias is commonly used in tube amplifiers today. Tomer identified the trend toward fixed bias designs in 1960 but was not certain about the reasons for it. Cathode bias In electronics, cathode bias (also known as self-bias, or automatic bias) is a technique used with vacuum tubes to make the direct current (dc) cathode voltage positive in relation to the negative side of the","title":"Cathode bias"},{"psg_id":"3606248","text":"X-ray tube An X-ray tube is a vacuum tube that converts electrical input power into X-rays. X-ray tubes evolved from experimental Crookes tubes with which X-rays were first discovered on November 8, 1895, by the German physicist Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen. The availability of this controllable source of X-rays created the field of radiography, the imaging of partly opaque objects with penetrating radiation. In contrast to other sources of ionizing radiation, X-rays are only produced as long as the X-ray tube is energized. X-ray tubes are also used in CT scanners, airport luggage scanners, X-ray crystallography, material and structure analysis, and","title":"X-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"1452640","text":"discharge around the cathode is usually minimized; instead there is a so-called positive column, filling the tube. Examples are the neon lamp and nixie tubes. Nixie tubes too are cold-cathode neon displays that are in-line, but not in-plane, display devices. Cold-cathode devices typically use a complex high-voltage power supply with some mechanism for limiting current. Although creating the initial space charge and the first arc of current through the tube may require a very high voltage, once the tube begins to heat up, the electrical resistance drops, thus increasing the electric current through the lamp. To offset this effect and","title":"Cold cathode"},{"psg_id":"9604873","text":"unbypassed cathode resistor. Degeneration will not occur because, if the grid voltage versus plate current characteristics of the two tubes are matched, the current through the cathode resistor will not vary during the 360 degrees of the signal cycle. Cathode bias, as a solution, is often the alternative to using fixed bias. Robert Tomer, in his 1960 book about vacuum tubes, which mainly concerned itself with strategies for improving tube lifespan, condemned fixed bias designs in favor of cathode bias. He said that fixed bias, unlike cathode bias, does not provide a margin for error that protects the system from","title":"Cathode bias"},{"psg_id":"1921142","text":"X-ray generator An X-ray generator is a device that produces X-rays. Together with an X-ray detector, it is commonly used in a variety of applications including medicine, fluorescence, electronic assembly inspection, and measurement of material thickness in manufacturing operations. In medical applications, X-ray generators are used by radiographers to acquire x-ray images of the internal structures (e.g., bones) of living organisms, and also in sterilization. An X-ray generator generally contains an X-ray tube to produce the X-rays. Possibly, radioisotopes can also be used to generate X-rays. An X-ray tube is a simple vacuum tube that contains a cathode, which directs","title":"X-ray generator"},{"psg_id":"785120","text":"their tubes contained too much gas. Thomson constructed a Crookes tube with a better vacuum. At the start of the tube was the cathode from which the rays projected. The rays were sharpened to a beam by two metal slits – the first of these slits doubled as the anode, the second was connected to the earth. The beam then passed between two parallel aluminium plates, which produced an electric field between them when they were connected to a battery. The end of the tube was a large sphere where the beam would impact on the glass, created a glowing","title":"J. J. Thomson"},{"psg_id":"5174294","text":"Lenard was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1905 for his work. Crookes tube A Crookes tube (also Crookes–Hittorf tube) is an early experimental electrical discharge tube, with partial vacuum, invented by English physicist William Crookes and others around 1869-1875, in which cathode rays, streams of electrons, were discovered. Developed from the earlier Geissler tube, the Crookes tube consists of a partially evacuated glass bulb of various shapes, with two metal electrodes, the cathode and the anode, one at either end. When a high voltage is applied between the electrodes, cathode rays (electrons) are projected in straight lines from","title":"Crookes tube"},{"psg_id":"3606259","text":"lower voltages, and must be replaced. At this point, the tube assembly (also called the \"tube head\") is removed from the X-ray system, and replaced with a new tube assembly. The old tube assembly is shipped to a company that reloads it with a new X-ray tube. The X-ray photon-generating effect is generally called the bremsstrahlung effect, a contraction of the German \"bremsen\" for braking, and \"strahlung\" for radiation. The range of photonic energies emitted by the system can be adjusted by changing the applied voltage, and installing aluminum filters of varying thicknesses. Aluminum filters are installed in the path","title":"X-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"468013","text":"had a limited life, and the restoration process was difficult to control. In 1904, John Ambrose Fleming invented the thermionic diode, the first kind of vacuum tube. This used a hot cathode that caused an electric current to flow in a vacuum. This idea was quickly applied to X-ray tubes, and hence heated-cathode X-ray tubes, called \"Coolidge tubes\", completely replaced the troublesome cold cathode tubes by about 1920. In about 1906, the physicist Charles Barkla discovered that X-rays could be scattered by gases, and that each element had a characteristic X-ray spectrum. He won the 1917 Nobel Prize in Physics","title":"X-ray"},{"psg_id":"74949","text":"used to strictly limit, for instance, television receivers to 0.5 milliroentgens per hour (mR/h) (0.13 µC/(kg·h) or 36 pA/kg) at a distance of from any external surface; since 2007, most CRTs have emissions that fall well below this limit. Older color and monochrome CRTs may have been manufactured with toxic substances, such as cadmium, in the phosphors. The rear glass tube of modern CRTs may be made from leaded glass, which represent an environmental hazard if disposed of improperly. By the time personal computers were produced, glass in the front panel (the viewable portion of the CRT) used barium rather","title":"Cathode-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"2775604","text":"after its inventor, Karl Braun) as both imaging and display devices. He noted that the \"real difficulties lie in devising an efficient transmitter\", and that it was possible that \"no photoelectric phenomenon at present known will provide what is required\". A cathode ray tube was successfully demonstrated as a displaying device by the German Professor Max Dieckmann in 1906, his experimental results were published by the journal \"Scientific American\" in 1909. Campbell-Swinton later expanded on his vision in a presidential address given to the Röntgen Society in November 1911. The photoelectric screen in the proposed transmitting device was a mosaic","title":"Video camera tube"},{"psg_id":"5174292","text":"electrons themselves. Since the atoms are thousands of times more massive than the electrons, they move much slower, accounting for the lack of Doppler shift. Philipp Lenard wanted to see if cathode rays could pass out of the Crookes tube into the air. See diagram. He built a tube with a \"window\" \"(W)\" in the glass envelope made of aluminum foil just thick enough to hold the atmospheric pressure out (later called a \"Lenard window\") facing the cathode \"(C)\" so the cathode rays would hit it. He found that something did come through. Holding a fluorescent screen up to the","title":"Crookes tube"},{"psg_id":"3606272","text":"voltages in the event of failure. The hazard associated with excessive voltages was eliminated with the advent of all solid state TVs, which have no tubes beside the CRT. Since 1969 the FDA has limited TV X-ray emission to 0.5 mR (milliroentgen) per hour. The flat screens used today do not have any vacuum tubes capable of emitting X-rays. X-ray tube An X-ray tube is a vacuum tube that converts electrical input power into X-rays. X-ray tubes evolved from experimental Crookes tubes with which X-rays were first discovered on November 8, 1895, by the German physicist Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen. The","title":"X-ray tube"},{"psg_id":"455587","text":"Williams tubes were made from radar-type cathode ray tubes with a phosphor coating that made the data visible, while other tubes were purpose-built without such a coating. The presence or absence of this coating had no effect on the operation of the tube, and was of no importance to the operators, since the face of the tube was covered by the pickup plate. If a visible output was needed, a second tube connected in parallel with the storage tube, with a phosphor coating, but without a pickup plate, was used as a display device. Developed at the University of Manchester","title":"Williams tube"},{"psg_id":"785118","text":"screen in the jar. He found that whatever the material of the anode and the gas in the jar, the deflection of the rays was the same, suggesting that the rays were of the same form whatever their origin. While supporters of the aetherial theory accepted the possibility that negatively charged particles are produced in Crookes tubes, they believed that they are a mere by-product and that the cathode rays themselves are immaterial. Thomson set out to investigate whether or not he could actually separate the charge from the rays. Thomson constructed a Crookes tube with an electrometer set to","title":"J. J. Thomson"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"74910\",\n \"text\": \"than atoms, the first \\\"subatomic particles\\\", which were later named \\\"electrons\\\". The earliest version of the CRT was known as the \\\"Braun tube\\\", invented by the German physicist Ferdinand Braun in 1897. It was a cold-cathode diode, a modification of the Crookes tube with a phosphor-coated screen. The first cathode-ray tube to use a hot cathode was developed by John B. Johnson (who gave his name to the term Johnson noise) and Harry Weiner Weinhart of Western Electric, and became a commercial product in 1922. In 1925, Kenjiro Takayanagi demonstrated a CRT television that received images with a 40-line resolution.\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15319742\",\n \"text\": \"public, so it had no effect on the future video game industry. Under most definitions, the device is not considered a video game, as while it had an electronic display it did not run on a computing device. Therefore, despite its relevance to the early history of video games, it is not generally considered a candidate for the title of the first video game. The cathode-ray tube amusement device consists of a cathode ray tube connected to an oscilloscope with a set of knobs and switches. The device uses purely analog electronics and does not use any digital computer or\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode-ray tube amusement device\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15319741\",\n \"text\": \"Cathode-ray tube amusement device The cathode-ray tube amusement device is the earliest known interactive electronic game. The device simulates an artillery shell arcing towards targets on a cathode ray tube (CRT) screen, which is controlled by the player by adjusting knobs to change the trajectory of a CRT beam spot on the display in order to reach plastic targets overlaid on the screen. Thomas T. Goldsmith, Jr. and Estle Ray Mann constructed the game from analog electronics and filed for a patent in 1947, which was issued the following year. The gaming device was never manufactured or marketed to the\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode-ray tube amusement device\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"74909\",\n \"text\": \"flat panels are available in and larger sizes. Cathode rays were discovered by Johann Wilhelm Hittorf in 1869 in primitive Crookes tubes. He observed that some unknown rays were emitted from the cathode (negative electrode) which could cast shadows on the glowing wall of the tube, indicating the rays were traveling in straight lines. In 1890, Arthur Schuster demonstrated cathode rays could be deflected by electric fields, and William Crookes showed they could be deflected by magnetic fields. In 1897, J. J. Thomson succeeded in measuring the mass of cathode rays, showing that they consisted of negatively charged particles smaller\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15319748\",\n \"text\": \"purely analog hardware and did not run on a computing device; some loose definitions may still consider it a video game, but it is still usually disqualified as the device was never manufactured. Nevertheless, it is the earliest known interactive electronic game as well as the first to incorporate an electronic display, thus making it a forerunner to other games in the early history of video games. As the device was never manufactured or widely shown it did not directly inspire any other games and had no impact on the future video game industry. Cathode-ray tube amusement device The cathode-ray\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode-ray tube amusement device\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"74916\",\n \"text\": \"be displayed by a conventional tube only while it actually occurs. The use of a long persistence phosphor may allow the image to be observed after the event, but only for a few seconds at best. This limitation can be overcome by the use of a direct view storage cathode-ray tube (storage tube). A storage tube will continue to display the event after it has occurred until such time as it is erased. A storage tube is similar to a conventional tube except that it is equipped with a metal grid coated with a dielectric layer located immediately behind the\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"74911\",\n \"text\": \"By 1927, he improved the resolution to 100 lines, which was unrivaled until 1931. By 1928, he was the first to transmit human faces in half-tones on a CRT display. By 1935, he had invented an early all-electronic CRT television. It was named in 1929 by inventor Vladimir K. Zworykin, who was influenced by Takayanagi's earlier work. RCA was granted a trademark for the term (for its cathode-ray tube) in 1932; it voluntarily released the term to the public domain in 1950. The first commercially made electronic television sets with cathode-ray tubes were manufactured by Telefunken in Germany in 1934.\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"74955\",\n \"text\": \"gas. If the glass is damaged, atmospheric pressure can collapse the vacuum tube into dangerous fragments which accelerate inward and then spray at high speed in all directions. The implosion energy is proportional to the evacuated volume of the CRT. Although modern cathode-ray tubes used in televisions and computer displays have epoxy-bonded face-plates or other measures to prevent shattering of the envelope, CRTs must be handled carefully to avoid personal injury. To accelerate the electrons from the cathode to the screen with sufficient velocity, a very high voltage (EHT or Extra High Tension) is required, from a few thousand volts\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15319745\",\n \"text\": \"care\\\". The cathode-ray tube amusement device was invented by physicists Thomas T. Goldsmith, Jr. and Estle Ray Mann. The pair worked at television designer DuMont Laboratories specializing in the development of cathode ray tubes that used electronic signal outputs to project a signal onto television screens. Goldsmith, who had received a Ph.D. in physics from Cornell University in 1936 with a focus on oscilloscope design, was at the time of the device's invention the director of research for DuMont Laboratories in New Jersey. The two inventors were inspired by the radar displays used in World War II, which Goldsmith had\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode-ray tube amusement device\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15319747\",\n \"text\": \"did not work on games after the invention of the device; he was promoted to vice president in 1953 and left DuMont—by then split up and sold to other firms—to become a professor of physics at Furman University in 1966. Goldsmith kept the device and brought it with him to Furman; in a 2016 interview fellow physics professor Bill Brantley recalled Goldsmith demonstrating the game to him. Despite being a game that used a graphical display, the cathode-ray tube amusement device is generally not considered under most definitions to be a candidate for the first video game, as it used\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode-ray tube amusement device\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"87518\",\n \"text\": \"began to glow. What was happening was that as more air was pumped from the tube, the electrons knocked out of the cathode when positive ions struck it could travel farther, on average, before they struck a gas atom. By the time the tube was dark, most of the electrons could travel in straight lines from the cathode to the anode end of the tube without a collision. With no obstructions, these low mass particles were accelerated to high velocities by the voltage between the electrodes. These were the cathode rays. When they reached the anode end of the tube,\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode ray\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"87521\",\n \"text\": \"were. There were two theories. Crookes and Arthur Schuster believed they were particles of \\\"radiant matter,\\\" that is, electrically charged atoms. German scientists Eilhard Wiedemann, Heinrich Hertz and Goldstein believed they were \\\"aether waves\\\", some new form of electromagnetic radiation, and were separate from what carried the electric current through the tube. The debate was resolved in 1897 when J. J. Thomson measured the mass of cathode rays, showing they were made of particles, but were around 1800 times lighter than the lightest atom, hydrogen. Therefore, they were not atoms, but a new particle, the first \\\"subatomic\\\" particle to be\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode ray\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"785119\",\n \"text\": \"one side, out of the direct path of the cathode rays. Thomson could trace the path of the ray by observing the phosphorescent patch it created where it hit the surface of the tube. Thomson observed that the electrometer registered a charge only when he deflected the cathode ray to it with a magnet. He concluded that the negative charge and the rays were one and the same. In May–June 1897, Thomson investigated whether or not the rays could be deflected by an electric field. Previous experimenters had failed to observe this, but Thomson believed their experiments were flawed because\",\n \"title\": \"J. J. Thomson\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"87520\",\n \"text\": \"to notice that objects in the tube in front of the cathode, such as the anode, cast sharp-edged shadows on the glowing back wall. In 1869, German physicist Johann Hittorf was first to realize that something must be traveling in straight lines from the cathode to cast the shadows. Eugen Goldstein named them \\\"cathode rays\\\" (German \\\"kathodenstrahlen\\\"). At this time, atoms were the smallest particles known, and were believed to be indivisible. What carried electric currents was a mystery. During the last quarter of the 19th century, many historic experiments were done with Crookes tubes to determine what cathode rays\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode ray\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5174288\",\n \"text\": \"paddle. This was proven in 1903 by J. J. Thomson who calculated that the momentum of the electrons hitting the paddle wheel would only be sufficient to turn the wheel one revolution per minute. All this experiment really showed was that cathode rays were able to heat surfaces. Jean-Baptiste Perrin wanted to determine whether the cathode rays actually carried negative charge, or whether they just accompanied the charge carriers, as the Germans thought. In 1895 he constructed a tube with a 'catcher', a closed aluminum cylinder with a small hole in the end facing the cathode, to collect the cathode\",\n \"title\": \"Crookes tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5174263\",\n \"text\": \"Heinrich Hertz, Philipp Lenard, Kristian Birkeland and others to discover the properties of cathode rays, culminating in J.J. Thomson's 1897 identification of cathode rays as negatively charged particles, which were later named \\\"electrons\\\". Crookes tubes are now used only for demonstrating cathode rays. Wilhelm Röntgen discovered X-rays using the Crookes tube in 1895. The term \\\"Crookes tube\\\" is also used for the first generation, cold cathode X-ray tubes, which evolved from the experimental Crookes tubes and were used until about 1920. Crookes tubes are cold cathode tubes, meaning that they do not have a heated filament in them that releases\",\n \"title\": \"Crookes tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3606263\",\n \"text\": \"produce X-rays. These were the first X-ray tubes. These first generation \\\"cold cathode\\\" or \\\"Crookes\\\" X-ray tubes were used until the 1920s. Crookes tubes generated the electrons needed to create X-rays by ionization of the residual air in the tube, instead of a heated filament, so they were partially but not completely evacuated. They consisted of a glass bulb with around 10 to 5×10 atmospheric pressure of air (0.1 to 0.005 Pa). An aluminum cathode plate at one end of the tube created a beam of electrons, which struck a platinum anode (for economy, made from nickel or copper with\",\n \"title\": \"X-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"87523\",\n \"text\": \"The gas ionization (or cold cathode) method of producing cathode rays used in Crookes tubes was unreliable, because it depended on the pressure of the residual air in the tube. Over time, the air was absorbed by the walls of the tube, and it stopped working. A more reliable and controllable method of producing cathode rays was investigated by Hittorf and Goldstein, and rediscovered by Thomas Edison in 1880. A cathode made of a wire filament heated red hot by a separate current passing through it would release electrons into the tube by a process called thermionic emission. The first\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode ray\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"87517\",\n \"text\": \"able to evacuate tubes to a lower pressure, below 10 atm. These were called Crookes tubes. Faraday had been the first to notice a dark space just in front of the cathode, where there was no luminescence. This came to be called the \\\"cathode dark space\\\", \\\"Faraday dark space\\\" or \\\"Crookes dark space\\\". Crookes found that as he pumped more air out of the tubes, the Faraday dark space spread down the tube from the cathode toward the anode, until the tube was totally dark. But at the anode (positive) end of the tube, the glass of the tube itself\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode ray\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"87511\",\n \"text\": \"lines from the cathode. After the electrons reach the anode, they travel through the anode wire to the power supply and back to the cathode, so cathode rays carry electric current through the tube. The current in a beam of cathode rays through a vacuum tube can be controlled by passing it through a metal screen of wires (a grid) between cathode and anode, to which a small negative voltage is applied. The electric field of the wires deflects some of the electrons, preventing them from reaching the anode. The amount of current that gets through to the anode depends\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode ray\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"74912\",\n \"text\": \"Flat panel displays dropped in price and started significantly displacing cathode-ray tubes in the 2000s, with LCD screens exceeding CRTs in 2008. The last known manufacturer of (in this case, recycled) CRTs ceased in 2015. In oscilloscope CRTs, electrostatic deflection is used, rather than the magnetic deflection commonly used with television and other large CRTs. The beam is deflected horizontally by applying an electric field between a pair of plates to its left and right, and vertically by applying an electric field to plates above and below. Televisions use magnetic rather than electrostatic deflection because the deflection plates obstruct the\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"87510\",\n \"text\": \"negative cathode and attracted to the positive anode. They travel in straight lines through the empty tube. The voltage applied between the electrodes accelerates these low mass particles to high velocities. Cathode rays are invisible, but their presence was first detected in early vacuum tubes when they struck the glass wall of the tube, exciting the atoms of the glass and causing them to emit light, a glow called fluorescence. Researchers noticed that objects placed in the tube in front of the cathode could cast a shadow on the glowing wall, and realized that something must be travelling in straight\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode ray\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"87509\",\n \"text\": \"residual gas atoms in the tube. The positive ions were accelerated by the electric field toward the cathode, and when they collided with it they knocked electrons out if its surface; these were the cathode rays. Modern vacuum tubes use thermionic emission, in which the cathode is made of a thin wire filament which is heated by a separate electric current passing through it. The increased random heat motion of the filament knocks electrons out of the surface of the filament, into the evacuated space of the tube. Since the electrons have a negative charge, they are repelled by the\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode ray\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"785122\",\n \"text\": \"When the upper plate was connected to the negative pole of the battery and the lower plate to the positive pole, the glowing patch moved downwards, and when the polarity was reversed, the patch moved upwards. In his classic experiment, Thomson measured the mass-to-charge ratio of the cathode rays by measuring how much they were deflected by a magnetic field and comparing this with the electric deflection. He used the same apparatus as in his previous experiment, but placed the discharge tube between the poles of a large electromagnet. He found that the mass-to-charge ratio was over a thousand times\",\n \"title\": \"J. J. Thomson\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13048255\",\n \"text\": \"The Cathode Ray The Cathode Ray are an alternative band based in Edinburgh, Scotland. The current line-up is Jeremy Thoms (lead vocals/guitar/keyboards), Steve Fraser (guitar/backing vocals), Phil Biggs (guitar/backing vocals), Neil Baldwin (bass), and David Mack (drums & percussion). Originally based on a loose concept of forging late 70’s New York, with late 70’s Manchester, The Cathode Ray started life in 2006, initially as a song-writing collaboration and “a bit of fun” between Jeremy Thoms and his friend ex-Josef K frontman Paul Haig. The songs written were swift to adopt their own unique stamp and personality, so a band was\",\n \"title\": \"The Cathode Ray\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3984522\",\n \"text\": \"Anode ray An anode ray (also positive ray or canal ray) is a beam of positive ions that is created by certain types of gas-discharge tubes. They were first observed in Crookes tubes during experiments by the German scientist Eugen Goldstein, in 1886. Later work on anode rays by Wilhelm Wien and J. J. Thomson led to the development of mass spectrometry. Goldstein used a gas-discharge tube which had a perforated cathode. When a high electrical potential of several thousand volts is applied between the cathode and anode, faint luminous \\\"rays\\\" are seen extending from the holes in the back\",\n \"title\": \"Anode ray\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3606270\",\n \"text\": \"The anode is usually made out of tungsten or molybdenum. The tube has a window designed for escape of the generated X-ray photons. The power of a Coolidge tube usually ranges from 0.1 to 18 kW. Any vacuum tube operating at several thousand volts or more can produce X-rays as an unwanted byproduct, raising safety issues. The higher the voltage, the more penetrating the resulting radiation and the more the hazard. CRT displays, once common in color televisions and computer displays, operate at making them the main concern among household appliances. Historically, concern has focused less on the cathode ray\",\n \"title\": \"X-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3606264\",\n \"text\": \"a thin platinum face) target at the center generating X-rays. The anode surface was angled so that the X-rays would radiate through the side of the tube. The cathode was concave so that the electrons were focused on a small (~1 mm) spot on the anode, approximating a point source of X-rays, which resulted in sharper images. The tube had a third electrode, an anticathode connected to the anode. It improved the X-ray output, but the method by which it achieved this is not understood. A more common arrangement used a copper plate anticathode (similar in construction to the cathode)\",\n \"title\": \"X-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3606255\",\n \"text\": \"the increased power density level for the metal-jet X-ray tube is the possibility to operate with a smaller focal spot, say 5 µm, to increase image resolution and at the same time acquire the image faster, since the power is higher (15-30 W) than for solid-anode tubes with 10 µm focal spots. As with any vacuum tube, there is a cathode, which emits electrons into the vacuum and an anode to collect the electrons, thus establishing a flow of electrical current, known as the beam, through the tube. A high voltage power source, for example 30 to 150 kilovolts (kV),\",\n \"title\": \"X-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"785117\",\n \"text\": \"debated whether cathode rays were immaterial like light (\\\"some process in the aether\\\") or were \\\"in fact wholly material, and ... mark the paths of particles of matter charged with negative electricity\\\", quoting Thomson. The aetherial hypothesis was vague, but the particle hypothesis was definite enough for Thomson to test. Thomson first investigated the magnetic deflection of cathode rays. Cathode rays were produced in the side tube on the left of the apparatus and passed through the anode into the main bell jar, where they were deflected by a magnet. Thomson detected their path by the fluorescence on a squared\",\n \"title\": \"J. J. Thomson\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3606258\",\n \"text\": \"This will slowly darken the tube and was thought to degrade the quality of the X-ray beam. Vaporized tungsten condenses on the inside of the envelope over the \\\"window\\\" and thus acts as an additional filter and decreases the tubes ability to radiate heat. Eventually, the tungsten deposit may become sufficiently conductive that at high enough voltages, arcing occurs. The arc will jump from the cathode to the tungsten deposit, and then to the anode. This arcing causes an effect called \\\"crazing\\\" on the interior glass of the X-ray window. As time goes on, the tube becomes unstable even at\",\n \"title\": \"X-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6225317\",\n \"text\": \"reaction between these. The material has to be resistant to high temperatures, have high melting point and very low vapor pressure, and be electrically conductive. Materials used can be e.g. tantalum diboride, titanium diboride, zirconium diboride, niobium diboride, tantalum carbide, zirconium carbide, tantalum nitride, and zirconium nitride. A \\\"cathode heater\\\" is a heated wire filament used to heat the cathode in a vacuum tube or cathode ray tube. The cathode element has to achieve the required temperature in order for these tubes to function properly. This is why older electronics often needs some time to \\\"warm up\\\" after being powered\",\n \"title\": \"Hot cathode\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6846337\",\n \"text\": \"last mechanical television broadcasts ended in 1939 at stations run by a handful of public universities in the United States. In 1897, J. J. Thomson, an English physicist, in his three famous experiments was able to deflect cathode rays, a fundamental function of the modern Cathode Ray Tube (CRT). The earliest version of the CRT was invented by the German physicist Karl Ferdinand Braun in 1897 and is also known as the \\\"Braun tube\\\". It was a cold-cathode diode, a modification of the Crookes tube with a phosphor-coated screen. A cathode ray tube was successfully demonstrated as a displaying device\",\n \"title\": \"History of television\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6225318\",\n \"text\": \"on; this phenomenon can still be observed in the cathode ray tubes of some modern televisions and computer monitors. The cathode heats to a temperature that causes electrons to be 'boiled out' of its surface into the evacuated space in the tube, a process called thermionic emission. The temperature required for modern oxide-coated cathodes is around . The cathode is usually in the form of a long narrow sheet metal cylinder at the center of the tube. The heater consists of a fine wire or ribbon, made of a high resistance metal alloy like nichrome, similar to the heating element\",\n \"title\": \"Hot cathode\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3606268\",\n \"text\": \"is the cathode of the tube. The high voltage potential is between the cathode and the anode, the electrons are thus accelerated, and then hit the anode. There are two designs: end-window tubes and side-window tubes. End window tubes usually have \\\"transmission target\\\" which is thin enough to allow X-rays to pass through the target (X-rays are emitted in the same direction as the electrons are moving.) In one common type of end-window tube, the filament is around the anode (\\\"annular\\\" or ring-shaped), the electrons have a curved path (half of a toroid). What is special about side-window tubes is\",\n \"title\": \"X-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13048258\",\n \"text\": \"2010 – 2011 at Gold Star Studios in Fife. 2010 also saw The Cathode Ray making their live debut with well received shows in Edinburgh and Glasgow. They have since built up a solid live reputation with more gigs in and around Scotland including an appearance at the Wickerman Festival in 2012. The debut album “The Cathode Ray” was finally released in April 2012, through Stereogram Recordings to high critical acclaim. The album featured high in the end of year roundups on the Manic Pop Thrills, Penny Black Music, The Sound Project and Jocknroll websites. The single “Dispersal” was Track\",\n \"title\": \"The Cathode Ray\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"87527\",\n \"text\": \"was resolved when an electric field was used to deflect the rays by J. J. Thomson. This was evidence that the beams were composed of particles because scientists knew it was impossible to deflect electromagnetic waves with an electric field. These can also create mechanical effects, fluorescence, etc. Louis de Broglie later (1924) showed in his doctoral dissertation that electrons are in fact much like photons in the respect that they act both as waves and as particles in a dual manner as Einstein had shown earlier for light. The wave-like behaviour of cathode rays was later directly demonstrated using\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode ray\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13048259\",\n \"text\": \"Of The Month in April 2012 on the influential Janice Forsyth Show on BBC Radio Scotland. Three tracks, “Train”, “Around” and “Dispersal” were lifted from the album as singles to much acclaim and worldwide radio exposure. The Cathode Ray released their second album entitled “Infinite Variety” on Stereogram Recordings in April 2015. Accompanied by the singles ‘Resist’, ‘Buck The Trend’ and ‘This Force Of Nature’, it has garlanded ecstatic praise from all corners of the music press. The Cathode Ray returned on 6 April 2018, after a three-year recording hiatus, with “Another World”, the lead track from their forthcoming third\",\n \"title\": \"The Cathode Ray\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13048260\",\n \"text\": \"album “Heightened Senses” which is due for release early in 2019. \\\"Another World\\\" marks the recording debut of guitarist Phil Biggs with the band, plus production assistance, cover art and video direction from Alex Thoms, the son of lead singer Jeremy Thoms. Steve Fraser (lead guitar), Neil Baldwin (bass) and David Mack (drums) still complete the current line-up. The Cathode Ray The Cathode Ray are an alternative band based in Edinburgh, Scotland. The current line-up is Jeremy Thoms (lead vocals/guitar/keyboards), Steve Fraser (guitar/backing vocals), Phil Biggs (guitar/backing vocals), Neil Baldwin (bass), and David Mack (drums & percussion). Originally based on\",\n \"title\": \"The Cathode Ray\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5174280\",\n \"text\": \"more X-rays, and was tilted at an angle to the cathode, so the X-rays would radiate through the side of the tube. The cathode had a concave spherical surface which focused the electrons into a small spot around 1 mm in diameter on the anode, in order to approximate a point source of X-rays, which gave the sharpest radiographs. These cold cathode type X-ray tubes were used until about 1920, when they were superseded by the hot cathode Coolidge X-ray tube. During the last quarter of the 19th century Crookes tubes were used in dozens of historic experiments to try\",\n \"title\": \"Crookes tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"445029\",\n \"text\": \"analog scopes (dependent upon CRTs) continue to be produced, are economical, and preferred by many technicians. At one time many radios used \\\"magic eye tubes\\\", a specialized sort of CRT used in place of a meter movement to indicate signal strength, or input level in a tape recorder. A modern indicator device, the vacuum fluorescent display (VFD) is also a sort of cathode ray tube. The X-ray tube is a type of cathode ray tube that generates X-rays when high voltage electrons hit the anode. Gyrotrons or vacuum masers, used to generate high-power millimeter band waves, are magnetic vacuum tubes\",\n \"title\": \"Vacuum tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5174284\",\n \"text\": \"made in the form of a concave spherical dish, the cathode rays would be focused to a spot in front of the dish. This could be used to heat samples to a high temperature. Heinrich Hertz built a tube with a second pair of metal plates to either side of the cathode ray beam, a crude CRT. If the cathode rays were charged particles, their path should be bent by the electric field created when a voltage was applied to the plates, causing the spot of light where the rays hit to move sideways. He did not find any bending,\",\n \"title\": \"Crookes tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5174275\",\n \"text\": \"pressure of residual gas in the tube. Over time the gas was absorbed by the walls of the tube, reducing the pressure. This reduced the amount of cathode rays produced and caused the voltage across the tube to increase, creating more energetic cathode rays. In Crookes X-ray tubes this phenomenon was called \\\"hardening\\\" because the higher voltage produced \\\"harder\\\", more penetrating X-rays; a tube with a higher vacuum was called a \\\"hard\\\" tube, while one with lower vacuum was a \\\"soft\\\" tube. Eventually the pressure got so low the tube stopped working entirely. To prevent this, in heavily used tubes\",\n \"title\": \"Crookes tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3606256\",\n \"text\": \"called the \\\"tube voltage\\\", is connected across cathode and anode to accelerate the electrons. The X-ray spectrum depends on the anode material and the accelerating voltage. In many applications, the current flow (typically in the range 1 mA to 1 A) is able to be pulsed on for between about 1 ms to 1 s. This enables consistent doses of X-rays, and taking snapshots of motion. Until the late 1980s, X-ray generators were merely high-voltage, AC to DC variable power supplies. In the late 1980s a different method of control was emerging, called high speed switching. This followed the electronics\",\n \"title\": \"X-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"87512\",\n \"text\": \"on the voltage on the grid. Thus, a small voltage on the grid can be made to control a much larger voltage on the anode. This is the principle used in vacuum tubes to amplify electrical signals. The triode vacuum tube developed between 1907 and 1914 was the first electronic device that could amplify, and is still used in some applications such as radio transmitters. High speed beams of cathode rays can also be steered and manipulated by electric fields created by additional metal plates in the tube to which voltage is applied, or magnetic fields created by coils of\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode ray\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"74919\",\n \"text\": \"on the storage mesh. One way of allowing the image to be retained for longer is temporarily to turn off the flood gun. It is then possible for the image to be retained for several days. The majority of storage tubes allow for a lower voltage to be applied to the storage mesh which slowly restores the initial charge state. By varying this voltage a variable persistence is obtained. Turning off the flood gun and the voltage supply to the storage mesh allows such a tube to operate as a conventional oscilloscope tube. The Williams tube or Williams-Kilburn tube was\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2775669\",\n \"text\": \"equipment was optimized for tube-sourced video. Video camera tube Video camera tubes were devices based on the cathode ray tube that were used to capture television images prior to the introduction of charge-coupled devices (CCDs) in the 1980s. Several different types of tubes were in use from the early 1930s to the 1980s. In these tubes, the cathode ray was scanned across an image of the scene to be broadcast. The resultant current was dependent on the brightness of the image on the target. The size of the striking ray was tiny compared to the size of the target, allowing\",\n \"title\": \"Video camera tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1452634\",\n \"text\": \"tube\\\" cold-cathode device in 1936. Many types of cold-cathode switching tube were developed, including various types of thyratron, the krytron, cold-cathode displays (Nixie tube) and others. Voltage regulator tubes rely on the relatively constant voltage of a glow discharge over a range of current and were used to stabilize power-supply voltages in tube-based instruments. A Dekatron is a cold-cathode tube with multiple electrodes that is used for counting. Each time a pulse is applied to a control electrode, a glow discharge moves to a step electrode; by providing ten electrodes in each tube and cascading the tubes, a counter system\",\n \"title\": \"Cold cathode\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2775603\",\n \"text\": \"in the NTSC format, or 576 lines in PAL. Any vacuum tube which operates using a focused beam of electrons, \\\"cathode rays\\\", is known as a cathode ray tube (CRT). These are usually seen as display devices as used in television receivers and computer displays. The camera pickup tubes described in this article are also CRTs, but they display no image. In June 1908, the scientific journal \\\"Nature\\\" published a letter in which Alan Archibald Campbell-Swinton, fellow of the Royal Society (UK), discussed how a fully electronic television system could be realized by using cathode ray tubes (or \\\"Braun\\\" tubes,\",\n \"title\": \"Video camera tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"74938\",\n \"text\": \"video voltage and beam intensity). In better quality old-fashioned tube radio sets, a tuning guide consisting of a phosphor tube was used to aid the tuning adjustment. This was also known as a \\\"Magic Eye\\\" or \\\"Tuning Eye\\\". Tuning would be adjusted until the width of a radial shadow was minimized. This was used instead of a more expensive electromechanical meter, which later came to be used on higher-end tuners when transistor sets lacked the high voltage required to drive the device. The same type of device was used with tape recorders as a recording level meter, and for various\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2775602\",\n \"text\": \"Video camera tube Video camera tubes were devices based on the cathode ray tube that were used to capture television images prior to the introduction of charge-coupled devices (CCDs) in the 1980s. Several different types of tubes were in use from the early 1930s to the 1980s. In these tubes, the cathode ray was scanned across an image of the scene to be broadcast. The resultant current was dependent on the brightness of the image on the target. The size of the striking ray was tiny compared to the size of the target, allowing 483 horizontal scan lines per image\",\n \"title\": \"Video camera tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"445038\",\n \"text\": \"tube is often used in videocassette recorders, DVD players and recorders, microwave oven control panels, and automotive dashboards. Rather than raster scanning, these vacuum fluorescent displays (VFD) switch control grids and anode voltages on and off, for instance, to display discrete characters. The VFD uses phosphor-coated anodes as in other display cathode ray tubes. Because the filaments are in view, they must be operated at temperatures where the filament does not glow visibly. This is possible using more recent cathode technology, and these tubes also operate with quite low anode voltages (often less than 50 volts) unlike cathode ray tubes.\",\n \"title\": \"Vacuum tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"87519\",\n \"text\": \"they were traveling so fast that, although they were attracted to it, they often flew past the anode and struck the back wall of the tube. When they struck atoms in the glass wall, they excited their orbital electrons to higher energy levels. When the electrons returned to their original energy level, they released the energy as light, causing the glass to fluoresce, usually a greenish or bluish color. Later researchers painted the inside back wall with fluorescent chemicals such as zinc sulfide, to make the glow more visible. Cathode rays themselves are invisible, but this accidental fluorescence allowed researchers\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode ray\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"87516\",\n \"text\": \"an electric current flowed through the tube. Geissler tubes had enough air in them that the electrons could only travel a tiny distance before colliding with an atom. The electrons in these tubes moved in a slow diffusion process, never gaining much speed, so these tubes didn't produce cathode rays. Instead, they produced a colorful glow discharge (as in a modern neon light), caused when the electrons struck gas atoms, exciting their orbital electrons to higher energy levels. The electrons released this energy as light. This process is called fluorescence. By the 1870s, British physicist William Crookes and others were\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode ray\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"87514\",\n \"text\": \"at the cathode (positive electrode) and its end are at the anode (negative electrode). In 1857, German physicist and glassblower Heinrich Geissler sucked even more air out with an improved pump, to a pressure of around 10 atm and found that, instead of an arc, a glow filled the tube. The voltage applied between the two electrodes of the tubes, generated by an induction coil, was anywhere between a few kilovolts and 100 kV. These were called Geissler tubes, similar to today's neon signs. The explanation of these effects was that the high voltage accelerated free electrons and electrically charged\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode ray\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"445028\",\n \"text\": \"use in radar, microwave ovens and industrial heating. Traveling-wave tubes (TWTs) are very good amplifiers and are even used in some communications satellites. High-powered klystron amplifier tubes can provide hundreds of kilowatts in the UHF range. The cathode ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube used particularly for display purposes. Although there are still many televisions and computer monitors using cathode ray tubes, they are rapidly being replaced by flat panel displays whose quality has greatly improved even as their prices drop. This is also true of digital oscilloscopes (based on internal computers and analog to digital converters), although traditional\",\n \"title\": \"Vacuum tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3606267\",\n \"text\": \"side of the main tube contained a mica sleeve or chemical that released a small amount of gas when heated, restoring the correct pressure. The glass envelope of the tube would blacken in use due to the X-rays affecting its structure. The Crookes tube was improved by William Coolidge in 1913. The Coolidge tube, also called hot cathode tube, is the most widely used. It works with a very good quality vacuum (about 10 Pa, or 10 Torr). In the Coolidge tube, the electrons are produced by thermionic effect from a tungsten filament heated by an electric current. The filament\",\n \"title\": \"X-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3606265\",\n \"text\": \"in line with the anode such that the anode was between the cathode and the anticathode. To operate, a DC voltage of a few kilovolts to as much as 100 kV was applied between the anodes and the cathode, usually generated by an induction coil, or for larger tubes, an electrostatic machine. This created and then accelerated a small number of ions from the low pressure gas in the tube. These struck further gas atoms, knocking electrons off them, creating more positive ions in a chain reaction. All the positive ions were attracted to the cathode. When they struck it,\",\n \"title\": \"X-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"87515\",\n \"text\": \"atoms (ions) naturally present in the air of the tube. At low pressure, there was enough space between the gas atoms that the electrons could accelerate to high enough speeds that when they struck an atom they knocked electrons off of it, creating more positive ions and free electrons, which went on to create more ions and electrons in a chain reaction, known as a glow discharge. The positive ions were attracted to the cathode and when they struck it knocked more electrons out of it, which were attracted toward the anode. Thus the ionized air was electrically conductive and\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode ray\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9604874\",\n \"text\": \"inevitable differences between vacuum tubes nor does it protect against run-away conditions caused by tube or circuit malfunctions. He also asserted that most tube specialists consider fixed bias operation to be dangerous. Despite this stance, fixed bias is commonly used in tube amplifiers today. Tomer identified the trend toward fixed bias designs in 1960 but was not certain about the reasons for it. Cathode bias In electronics, cathode bias (also known as self-bias, or automatic bias) is a technique used with vacuum tubes to make the direct current (dc) cathode voltage positive in relation to the negative side of the\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode bias\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3606248\",\n \"text\": \"X-ray tube An X-ray tube is a vacuum tube that converts electrical input power into X-rays. X-ray tubes evolved from experimental Crookes tubes with which X-rays were first discovered on November 8, 1895, by the German physicist Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen. The availability of this controllable source of X-rays created the field of radiography, the imaging of partly opaque objects with penetrating radiation. In contrast to other sources of ionizing radiation, X-rays are only produced as long as the X-ray tube is energized. X-ray tubes are also used in CT scanners, airport luggage scanners, X-ray crystallography, material and structure analysis, and\",\n \"title\": \"X-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1452640\",\n \"text\": \"discharge around the cathode is usually minimized; instead there is a so-called positive column, filling the tube. Examples are the neon lamp and nixie tubes. Nixie tubes too are cold-cathode neon displays that are in-line, but not in-plane, display devices. Cold-cathode devices typically use a complex high-voltage power supply with some mechanism for limiting current. Although creating the initial space charge and the first arc of current through the tube may require a very high voltage, once the tube begins to heat up, the electrical resistance drops, thus increasing the electric current through the lamp. To offset this effect and\",\n \"title\": \"Cold cathode\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9604873\",\n \"text\": \"unbypassed cathode resistor. Degeneration will not occur because, if the grid voltage versus plate current characteristics of the two tubes are matched, the current through the cathode resistor will not vary during the 360 degrees of the signal cycle. Cathode bias, as a solution, is often the alternative to using fixed bias. Robert Tomer, in his 1960 book about vacuum tubes, which mainly concerned itself with strategies for improving tube lifespan, condemned fixed bias designs in favor of cathode bias. He said that fixed bias, unlike cathode bias, does not provide a margin for error that protects the system from\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode bias\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1921142\",\n \"text\": \"X-ray generator An X-ray generator is a device that produces X-rays. Together with an X-ray detector, it is commonly used in a variety of applications including medicine, fluorescence, electronic assembly inspection, and measurement of material thickness in manufacturing operations. In medical applications, X-ray generators are used by radiographers to acquire x-ray images of the internal structures (e.g., bones) of living organisms, and also in sterilization. An X-ray generator generally contains an X-ray tube to produce the X-rays. Possibly, radioisotopes can also be used to generate X-rays. An X-ray tube is a simple vacuum tube that contains a cathode, which directs\",\n \"title\": \"X-ray generator\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"785120\",\n \"text\": \"their tubes contained too much gas. Thomson constructed a Crookes tube with a better vacuum. At the start of the tube was the cathode from which the rays projected. The rays were sharpened to a beam by two metal slits – the first of these slits doubled as the anode, the second was connected to the earth. The beam then passed between two parallel aluminium plates, which produced an electric field between them when they were connected to a battery. The end of the tube was a large sphere where the beam would impact on the glass, created a glowing\",\n \"title\": \"J. J. Thomson\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5174294\",\n \"text\": \"Lenard was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1905 for his work. Crookes tube A Crookes tube (also Crookes–Hittorf tube) is an early experimental electrical discharge tube, with partial vacuum, invented by English physicist William Crookes and others around 1869-1875, in which cathode rays, streams of electrons, were discovered. Developed from the earlier Geissler tube, the Crookes tube consists of a partially evacuated glass bulb of various shapes, with two metal electrodes, the cathode and the anode, one at either end. When a high voltage is applied between the electrodes, cathode rays (electrons) are projected in straight lines from\",\n \"title\": \"Crookes tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3606259\",\n \"text\": \"lower voltages, and must be replaced. At this point, the tube assembly (also called the \\\"tube head\\\") is removed from the X-ray system, and replaced with a new tube assembly. The old tube assembly is shipped to a company that reloads it with a new X-ray tube. The X-ray photon-generating effect is generally called the bremsstrahlung effect, a contraction of the German \\\"bremsen\\\" for braking, and \\\"strahlung\\\" for radiation. The range of photonic energies emitted by the system can be adjusted by changing the applied voltage, and installing aluminum filters of varying thicknesses. Aluminum filters are installed in the path\",\n \"title\": \"X-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"468013\",\n \"text\": \"had a limited life, and the restoration process was difficult to control. In 1904, John Ambrose Fleming invented the thermionic diode, the first kind of vacuum tube. This used a hot cathode that caused an electric current to flow in a vacuum. This idea was quickly applied to X-ray tubes, and hence heated-cathode X-ray tubes, called \\\"Coolidge tubes\\\", completely replaced the troublesome cold cathode tubes by about 1920. In about 1906, the physicist Charles Barkla discovered that X-rays could be scattered by gases, and that each element had a characteristic X-ray spectrum. He won the 1917 Nobel Prize in Physics\",\n \"title\": \"X-ray\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"74949\",\n \"text\": \"used to strictly limit, for instance, television receivers to 0.5 milliroentgens per hour (mR/h) (0.13 µC/(kg·h) or 36 pA/kg) at a distance of from any external surface; since 2007, most CRTs have emissions that fall well below this limit. Older color and monochrome CRTs may have been manufactured with toxic substances, such as cadmium, in the phosphors. The rear glass tube of modern CRTs may be made from leaded glass, which represent an environmental hazard if disposed of improperly. By the time personal computers were produced, glass in the front panel (the viewable portion of the CRT) used barium rather\",\n \"title\": \"Cathode-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2775604\",\n \"text\": \"after its inventor, Karl Braun) as both imaging and display devices. He noted that the \\\"real difficulties lie in devising an efficient transmitter\\\", and that it was possible that \\\"no photoelectric phenomenon at present known will provide what is required\\\". A cathode ray tube was successfully demonstrated as a displaying device by the German Professor Max Dieckmann in 1906, his experimental results were published by the journal \\\"Scientific American\\\" in 1909. Campbell-Swinton later expanded on his vision in a presidential address given to the Röntgen Society in November 1911. The photoelectric screen in the proposed transmitting device was a mosaic\",\n \"title\": \"Video camera tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5174292\",\n \"text\": \"electrons themselves. Since the atoms are thousands of times more massive than the electrons, they move much slower, accounting for the lack of Doppler shift. Philipp Lenard wanted to see if cathode rays could pass out of the Crookes tube into the air. See diagram. He built a tube with a \\\"window\\\" \\\"(W)\\\" in the glass envelope made of aluminum foil just thick enough to hold the atmospheric pressure out (later called a \\\"Lenard window\\\") facing the cathode \\\"(C)\\\" so the cathode rays would hit it. He found that something did come through. Holding a fluorescent screen up to the\",\n \"title\": \"Crookes tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3606272\",\n \"text\": \"voltages in the event of failure. The hazard associated with excessive voltages was eliminated with the advent of all solid state TVs, which have no tubes beside the CRT. Since 1969 the FDA has limited TV X-ray emission to 0.5 mR (milliroentgen) per hour. The flat screens used today do not have any vacuum tubes capable of emitting X-rays. X-ray tube An X-ray tube is a vacuum tube that converts electrical input power into X-rays. X-ray tubes evolved from experimental Crookes tubes with which X-rays were first discovered on November 8, 1895, by the German physicist Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen. The\",\n \"title\": \"X-ray tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"455587\",\n \"text\": \"Williams tubes were made from radar-type cathode ray tubes with a phosphor coating that made the data visible, while other tubes were purpose-built without such a coating. The presence or absence of this coating had no effect on the operation of the tube, and was of no importance to the operators, since the face of the tube was covered by the pickup plate. If a visible output was needed, a second tube connected in parallel with the storage tube, with a phosphor coating, but without a pickup plate, was used as a display device. Developed at the University of Manchester\",\n \"title\": \"Williams tube\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"785118\",\n \"text\": \"screen in the jar. He found that whatever the material of the anode and the gas in the jar, the deflection of the rays was the same, suggesting that the rays were of the same form whatever their origin. While supporters of the aetherial theory accepted the possibility that negatively charged particles are produced in Crookes tubes, they believed that they are a mere by-product and that the cathode rays themselves are immaterial. Thomson set out to investigate whether or not he could actually separate the charge from the rays. Thomson constructed a Crookes tube with an electrometer set to\",\n \"title\": \"J. J. Thomson\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["electron"],"string":"[\n \"electron\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":591,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"where did emily murphy go to school?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"3226003","text":"lawyer, judge, and senator. Murphy attended Bishop Strachan School, an exclusive Anglican private school for girls in Toronto and, through a friend, she met her future husband Arthur Murphy, who was 11 years her senior. In 1887, they married, and subsequently had four daughters: Madeleine, Evelyn, Doris and Kathleen. Doris died. After Doris' death, the family decided to try a new setting and moved west to Swan River, Manitoba in 1903 and then to Edmonton, Alberta in 1907. While Arthur was working as an Anglican priest, Murphy explored her new surroundings and became increasingly aware of the poverty that existed.","title":"Emily Murphy"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3226003\",\n \"text\": \"lawyer, judge, and senator. Murphy attended Bishop Strachan School, an exclusive Anglican private school for girls in Toronto and, through a friend, she met her future husband Arthur Murphy, who was 11 years her senior. In 1887, they married, and subsequently had four daughters: Madeleine, Evelyn, Doris and Kathleen. Doris died. After Doris' death, the family decided to try a new setting and moved west to Swan River, Manitoba in 1903 and then to Edmonton, Alberta in 1907. While Arthur was working as an Anglican priest, Murphy explored her new surroundings and became increasingly aware of the poverty that existed.\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Murphy\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"13279845","text":"\"there is a perceptible poignancy and longing weaved throughout Jenkins' arrangements. The opener \"Where Did Everyone Go?\" possesses a solitude accentuated by responsive instrumentation that supports, yet never intrudes. Cole's practically conversational delivery of pop standards...become musical soliloquies with the score as a sonic subtext.\" Where Did Everyone Go? Where Did Everyone Go? is a 1963 studio album by Nat King Cole, arranged by Gordon Jenkins. This was the third and final album that Cole and Jenkins recorded together, following \"Love Is the Thing\" (1957) and \"The Very Thought of You\" (1958). The initial \"Billboard\" review from April 13, 1963","title":"Where Did Everyone Go?"},{"psg_id":"13279844","text":"Where Did Everyone Go? Where Did Everyone Go? is a 1963 studio album by Nat King Cole, arranged by Gordon Jenkins. This was the third and final album that Cole and Jenkins recorded together, following \"Love Is the Thing\" (1957) and \"The Very Thought of You\" (1958). The initial \"Billboard\" review from April 13, 1963 commented that \"Here he is in a superb collection of ballad tunes, many of them in a lonesome, blue mood, with standout backing provided by Gordon Jenkins...Great mood wax for buyers and spinners\". The Allmusic review of \"Where Did Everyone Go?\" by Lindsay Planer said","title":"Where Did Everyone Go?"},{"psg_id":"11939649","text":"in 1971. The single did not make the charts. Lee performed songs from this album, including \"Where Did They Go\" and \"My Sweet Lord,\" during her June 1971 engagement at The Frontier Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada. After completing work on \"Where Did They Go\", Peggy Lee did not return to the recording studio again until nearly a year later, when she began recording \"Norma Deloris Egstrom from Jamestown, North Dakota\" in April 1972. This album was released on 8-track, along with LP. Where Did They Go (album) Where Did They Go is a 1971 album by Peggy Lee. It","title":"Where Did They Go (album)"},{"psg_id":"3226025","text":"in 1933. It is now located on the campus of the University of Alberta and houses the Student Legal Services. In 1958, she was recognized as a Person of National Historic Significance by the government of Canada. A plaque commemorating this is installed at Emily Murphy Park on Emily Murphy Park Road in Edmonton. The \"National Persons\" case was recognized in 1997 as a National Historic Event with a plaque at the same place. Emily Murphy Emily Murphy (born Emily Gowan Ferguson; 14 March 186827 October 1933) was a Canadian women's rights activist, jurist, and author. In 1916, she became","title":"Emily Murphy"},{"psg_id":"11939648","text":"Where Did They Go (album) Where Did They Go is a 1971 album by Peggy Lee. It was arranged and conducted by Don Sebesky and Al Capps. The recording sessions for this album took place at the Capitol Tower in Hollywood, California. \"Where Did They Go\" was Peggy Lee's first album not to make the \"Billboard\" 200 chart since her Grammy-winning hit \"Is That All There Is?\" in 1969. Burt Bacharach and Hal David wrote the song \"My Rock And Foundation\" specifically for Lee. Capitol Records released \"Where Did They Go\" (backed by \"All I Want\") as a 45\" single","title":"Where Did They Go (album)"},{"psg_id":"3226016","text":"was not respected by the Division of Narcotic Control because of the creative liberties she took in presenting research they had assisted her with. According to Carstairs, \"There were insinuations in the records that the bureaucrats at the division of narcotic control did not think very highly of Emily Murphy and did not pay attention to what she was writing about, and they didn't consider her a particularly accurate or valuable source.\" Carstairs also avers that Murphy did not influence the drug panic in Vancouver, but that nevertheless \"her articles did mark a turning point and her book ... brought","title":"Emily Murphy"},{"psg_id":"15358177","text":"Where Did Our Love Go \"Where Did Our Love Go\" is a 1964 song recorded by American music group the Supremes for the Motown label. Written and produced by Motown's main production team Holland–Dozier–Holland, \"Where Did Our Love Go\" was the first single by the Supremes to go to the number-one position on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 pop singles chart in the United States, a position it held for two weeks, from August 16 to August 29, 1964. It was also the first of five Supremes songs in a row to reach number one (the others being \"Baby Love\", \"Come","title":"Where Did Our Love Go"},{"psg_id":"15358184","text":"in Vietnam, and foreseeing the end of the early optimism of the 1960s. Where Did Our Love Go \"Where Did Our Love Go\" is a 1964 song recorded by American music group the Supremes for the Motown label. Written and produced by Motown's main production team Holland–Dozier–Holland, \"Where Did Our Love Go\" was the first single by the Supremes to go to the number-one position on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 pop singles chart in the United States, a position it held for two weeks, from August 16 to August 29, 1964. It was also the first of five Supremes songs","title":"Where Did Our Love Go"},{"psg_id":"11903014","text":"Where Did Your Heart Go? \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\" is a song written by American musicians David Was and Don Was. The song was first recorded and released by the writers' disco-dance-rock band Was (Not Was) as a single in the UK as a double A-side with \"Wheel Me Out\" in September 1981. The single did not chart. It was featured as the second track on the band's début album \"Was (Not Was)\" in August 1981. French editions of the single included the track \"It's an Attack!\" as the B-side. A live recording of \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\"","title":"Where Did Your Heart Go?"},{"psg_id":"18295773","text":"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go Haiti: Where Did the Money Go? is a 2012 Film at Eleven Media production that was produced, written and directed by Michele Mitchell. Shot in the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, the documentary looks at what really happens with the money donated to help with disaster aid. \"Haiti: Where Did The Money Go?\" aired on PBS and won the 2013 Edward R. Murrow Award for News Documentary. \"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go\" seeks to discover where the funds raised for the relief effort after the 2010 earthquake in Haiti really went. Taking","title":"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go"},{"psg_id":"3225999","text":"Emily Murphy Emily Murphy (born Emily Gowan Ferguson; 14 March 186827 October 1933) was a Canadian women's rights activist, jurist, and author. In 1916, she became the first female magistrate in Canada, and in the British Empire. She is best known for her contributions to Canadian feminism, specifically to the question of whether women were \"persons\" under Canadian law. Murphy is known as one of \"The Famous Five\" (also called \"The Valiant Five\")—a group of Canadian women's rights activists that also included Henrietta Muir Edwards, Nellie McClung, Louise McKinney and Irene Parlby. In 1927, the women launched the \"Persons Case,\"","title":"Emily Murphy"},{"psg_id":"18295781","text":"Best Investigative Documentary •2013 Edward R. Murrow Award for News Documentary •2013 Women's International Film Festival Best Documentary Short Haiti: Where Did the Money Go Haiti: Where Did the Money Go? is a 2012 Film at Eleven Media production that was produced, written and directed by Michele Mitchell. Shot in the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, the documentary looks at what really happens with the money donated to help with disaster aid. \"Haiti: Where Did The Money Go?\" aired on PBS and won the 2013 Edward R. Murrow Award for News Documentary. \"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go\" seeks","title":"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go"},{"psg_id":"20392552","text":"Emily W. Murphy Emily Webster Murphy is an American attorney and government official who currently serves as the Administrator of the General Services Administration (GSA). In her role as GSA Administrator, Murphy manages a workforce that includes 11,600 full-time employees, 371 million square feet of property, and annual contracts totaling $54 billion. Murphy was raised in St. Louis, Missouri, by parents James J. Murphy Jr. and Mimi Murphy (née Webster). She has one brother, James Joseph Murphy III, and one sister, Anne Murphy (now Anne Hill). Her father was chairman of Murphy Company Mechanical Contractors and Engineers, and her mother","title":"Emily W. Murphy"},{"psg_id":"11903016","text":"\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\" was also included on \"The Final\" and \"Music from the Edge of Heaven\" albums. George Michael's arrangement of \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\" is relatively faithful to the original Was (Not Was) version making only subtle changes to the song's instrumentation and structure. Michael alters the song by dropping the opening chorus in favour of an instrumental introduction of the chorus melody. The subdued ending is protracted in the Wham! recording, where the Was (Not Was) original quickly fades out after the completion of the final chorus; Michael's arrangement continues for an additional half a","title":"Where Did Your Heart Go?"},{"psg_id":"11903018","text":"video for the Wham! version of the song was directed by George Michael and Andy Morahan. Where Did Your Heart Go? \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\" is a song written by American musicians David Was and Don Was. The song was first recorded and released by the writers' disco-dance-rock band Was (Not Was) as a single in the UK as a double A-side with \"Wheel Me Out\" in September 1981. The single did not chart. It was featured as the second track on the band's début album \"Was (Not Was)\" in August 1981. French editions of the single included the","title":"Where Did Your Heart Go?"},{"psg_id":"6114571","text":"on December 29, 1964. It was equivalent to Motown 25 or Live Aid as a pivotal music concert event . When it hit theaters nationwide, it undoubtedly raised and extended the visibility of the \"Where Did Our Love Go\" album. All tracks written by Holland–Dozier–Holland except as noted. The original album sold a million copies {in 1964-1965} stateside alone. The limited exclusive \"40th Anniversary\" version is now listed as \"sold out\". It remains, to date, their third best-selling studio album. Where Did Our Love Go (album) Where Did Our Love Go is the second studio album by Motown singing group","title":"Where Did Our Love Go (album)"},{"psg_id":"6114568","text":"Where Did Our Love Go (album) Where Did Our Love Go is the second studio album by Motown singing group The Supremes, released in 1964. The album includes several of the group's singles and B-sides from 1963 and 1964. Included are the group's first Billboard Pop Singles number-one hits, \"Where Did Our Love Go\", \"Baby Love\", and \"Come See About Me\", as well as their first Top 40 hit, \"When the Lovelight Starts Shining Through His Eyes\", and the singles \"A Breathtaking Guy\" and \"Run, Run, Run\". With the release of this album, The Supremes became the first act in","title":"Where Did Our Love Go (album)"},{"psg_id":"13579887","text":"her 1992 album \"Entre a Mi Mundo\". Where Did the Feeling Go? \"Where Did the Feeling Go?\" is a song written by Michael Masser and Norman Saleet and first recorded by American singer Jill Michaels in 1985, and then by Russell Hitchcock (from the band Air Supply) for his eponymous debut solo album in 1988. The song found renewed interest when Selena recorded the song a year later in 1989; however, it was not released until 1997 when it was featured in the film \"Selena\" and its soundtrack album, following her death in 1995. The song was later included on","title":"Where Did the Feeling Go?"},{"psg_id":"13579886","text":"Where Did the Feeling Go? \"Where Did the Feeling Go?\" is a song written by Michael Masser and Norman Saleet and first recorded by American singer Jill Michaels in 1985, and then by Russell Hitchcock (from the band Air Supply) for his eponymous debut solo album in 1988. The song found renewed interest when Selena recorded the song a year later in 1989; however, it was not released until 1997 when it was featured in the film \"Selena\" and its soundtrack album, following her death in 1995. The song was later included on the \"20 Years of Music\" version of","title":"Where Did the Feeling Go?"},{"psg_id":"20392555","text":"Small Business. Her private sector experience includes five years in executive positions at a technology startup company engaged in federal contracting and three years as a government contracts attorney with two D.C. law firms. After President Donald Trump took office in January 2017, Murphy was appointed to the position of White House Liaison at the General Services Administration under acting agency administrator Timothy Horne. On September 2, 2017, Murphy was nominated by the President to serve as Administrator of GSA. The Senate confirmed Murphy's appointment by unanimous consent on December 5, 2017. Emily W. Murphy Emily Webster Murphy is an","title":"Emily W. Murphy"},{"psg_id":"11690819","text":"released as a radio-single in the United States, where the song received airplay but failed to chart due in part to no official release. The video features Liam being interviewed whilst Noel sings whilst reading a newspaper and looking at what is going on in the building opposite where he and the band are. Where Did It All Go Wrong? \"Where Did It All Go Wrong?\" is a song and single by the English rock band Oasis, originally released on their 2000 album, \"Standing on the Shoulder of Giants\". Written by guitarist Noel Gallagher, it is one of two songs","title":"Where Did It All Go Wrong?"},{"psg_id":"13579999","text":"this single did prove popular on the radio. Where Did All the Love Go? \"Where Did All the Love Go?\" is a song by English rock band Kasabian and is the second official single from their third album \"West Ryder Pauper Lunatic Asylum\". It was released on 10 August 2009. Guitarist Sergio Pizzorno explained the song's meaning to \"New Musical Express\" stating that \"It's sitting at home seeing another kid get stabbed, everyone is scared and going, 'What the fuck is going on?\" The song also speaks about the Internet, with Pizzorno elaborating in an interview with \"The Sun\" that","title":"Where Did All the Love Go?"},{"psg_id":"3226001","text":"Candle\", she wrote: \"It is hardly credible that the average Chinese peddler has any definite idea in his mind of bringing about the downfall of the white race, his swaying motive being probably that of greed, but in the hands of his superiors, he may become a powerful instrument to that end.\" Emily Murphy was born in Cookstown, Ontario, the third child of Isaac and Emily Ferguson. Isaac Ferguson was a successful businessman and property owner. As a child, Murphy frequently joined her two older brothers Thomas and Gowan in their adventures; their father encouraged this behaviour and often had","title":"Emily Murphy"},{"psg_id":"11690817","text":"Where Did It All Go Wrong? \"Where Did It All Go Wrong?\" is a song and single by the English rock band Oasis, originally released on their 2000 album, \"Standing on the Shoulder of Giants\". Written by guitarist Noel Gallagher, it is one of two songs on \"Standing on the Shoulder of Giants\" that features him on lead vocals. In explaining why front man Liam Gallagher did not sing the song, Noel claimed that: \"[Vocally] Liam just couldn't get that one. The melody shifts quite a lot... Liam hasn't got that dynamism in his voice.\" Noel stated that the song's","title":"Where Did It All Go Wrong?"},{"psg_id":"9037004","text":"are mixed without hi-hat. In 1992 when the Original cast CD was released, the hi-hat was suddenly apparent in the recording. It is most likely that the hi-hat was always present in the mix, but just not loud enough to be heard. It was probably boosted in the remix and subsequent remastering. Where Did the Good Times Go? \"Where Did the Good Times Go?\" is, what is popularly termed, the \"big ballad\" or \"11 o'clock number\" from the musical \"Over Here!\", which opened on Broadway at the Shubert Theatre (Broadway) on March 6, 1974. The song is the penultimate moment","title":"Where Did the Good Times Go?"},{"psg_id":"13579997","text":"Where Did All the Love Go? \"Where Did All the Love Go?\" is a song by English rock band Kasabian and is the second official single from their third album \"West Ryder Pauper Lunatic Asylum\". It was released on 10 August 2009. Guitarist Sergio Pizzorno explained the song's meaning to \"New Musical Express\" stating that \"It's sitting at home seeing another kid get stabbed, everyone is scared and going, 'What the fuck is going on?\" The song also speaks about the Internet, with Pizzorno elaborating in an interview with \"The Sun\" that \"Kids today grow up really quickly and there's","title":"Where Did All the Love Go?"},{"psg_id":"9037003","text":"Where Did the Good Times Go? \"Where Did the Good Times Go?\" is, what is popularly termed, the \"big ballad\" or \"11 o'clock number\" from the musical \"Over Here!\", which opened on Broadway at the Shubert Theatre (Broadway) on March 6, 1974. The song is the penultimate moment of drama when all seems lost toward the end of the second act. The song was somewhat successful as a single for Patty Andrews, who debuted the song in the show. The song was written by Robert B. Sherman and Richard M. Sherman. The recording on both the LP and the single","title":"Where Did the Good Times Go?"},{"psg_id":"11903015","text":"was included as a B-side to the 1992 single \"Somewhere in America (There's a Street Named After My Dad)\". \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\" was covered by the British pop duo Wham! on 14 October 1986 as one of the three B-sides to \"The Edge of Heaven\" in the UK, where it reached number 1. The song was also released separately as Wham!'s final single in several territories most notably in the US where it peaked at number 50 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in November 1986. It was produced and re-arranged by George Michael with engineering by Chris Porter.","title":"Where Did Your Heart Go?"},{"psg_id":"15358181","text":"letter\" formula. Mary Wilson and Florence Ballard's vocal contribution was significant in bringing a fresh yet hypnotic sexiness to the overall sound of the song while remaining true to the backup arrangements that Lamont Dozier had set down. Upon hearing the song's playback, an excited Ross rushed to Gordy's office and told him to come to the studio to listen to the song. Upon hearing playback, a satisfied Gordy nodded saying to the producers and the group that the song had potential to be a top ten hit. \"Where Did Our Love Go\" was released as a single on June","title":"Where Did Our Love Go"},{"psg_id":"3226024","text":"have criticized Murphy as part of the movement to discredit marijuana prohibition. It has been speculated that today's drug laws are built on the racist foundations laid by Murphy and that the drug war has harmed more women than the Persons Case has benefited. Conversely, Murphy's defenders note that she was writing at a time when white racism was typical, not exceptional, and that Murphy's views were more progressive than many of her peers. Emily Murphy's house in Edmonton, Alberta, is on the Canadian Register of Historic People and Places. She lived in this home from 1919 until her death","title":"Emily Murphy"},{"psg_id":"11903017","text":"minute. Wham!'s recording of \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\", while structurally similar to the Was (Not Was) original, leans toward to a soft rock ballad due to changes to the tempo and vocal inflection. Michael's arrangement is more spare and reliant on synthesizers and saxophone to convey the melody. Michael's vocals are less immersed in the backing arrangement in which the bass guitar and drums are markedly quieter in the mix. His vocal is more low-key than Sweet Pea Atkinson's, except for the final line of the third verse, \"and drifted out of sight\", which is accentuated. The official music","title":"Where Did Your Heart Go?"},{"psg_id":"15358178","text":"See About Me\", \"Stop! In the Name of Love\", and \"Back in My Arms Again\"). The song also reached number one on the \"Cash Box\" R&B singles chart. The Supremes' version is ranked #475 on \"Rolling Stone\"s 500 Greatest Songs of All Time and was selected for preservation in the National Recording Registry in 2016 due to its \"cultural, historic, or artistic significance.\" \"Billboard\" named the song #4 on its list of 100 Greatest Girl Group Songs of All Time. According to Brian Holland, \"Where Did Our Love Go\" was written with The Supremes in mind. Though Supremes member Mary","title":"Where Did Our Love Go"},{"psg_id":"15358183","text":"album, \"Where Did Our Love Go\", released later that year. A German language version of the song was recorded by the Supremes for German-speaking markets overseas. The song seemed to strike a chord in the United States, with a group which would become the most successful chart-topping American popular music group of the 1960s. The first of their American chart toppers, the song peaked just weeks after the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, critically remarked as capturing the spirit of an America reeling from the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, racial tension, increased United States involvement","title":"Where Did Our Love Go"},{"psg_id":"20392553","text":"was an attorney. Murphy attended Villa Duchesne and Oak Hill School, where she graduated a year early in 1991. She completed her Bachelor of Arts at Smith College in 1995 and then went on to earn a law degree from the University of Virginia School of Law in 2001. After graduating from Smith College, Murphy moved to Washington, D.C., where she began her career at the Republican National Committee. She for the RNC from October 1995 to January 1997, where she served as Assistant to the Director of Administration. She then worked as a staff member for Jim Talent while","title":"Emily W. Murphy"},{"psg_id":"6114569","text":"\"Billboard\" magazine history to have three number-one hits from the same album. It was the album that introduced \"The Motown Sound\" to the masses. It was also, at the time, the highest-ranking album by an all-female group. It remained in the #2 position for 4 consecutive weeks in January 1965, shut out of the top spot by the Beatles' blockbuster \"Beatles '65\" album. \"Where Did Our Love Go\" remained on the Billboard album chart for an unprecedented 89 weeks. According to Motown data, the album ultimately sold over 3,000,000 copies. This album was also the first ever number one album","title":"Where Did Our Love Go (album)"},{"psg_id":"13579998","text":"too much information. News channels, the internet and social networking sites. People aren't leaving their bedrooms and it's just crazy. The things that make you most happy are quite simple. That song is looking for the romantic image of life, when people looked out for each other.\" According to Serge Pizzorno, the song's music video was inspired by Kenneth Anger's films like Scorpio Rising, Busby Berkeley and French cabaret. Following its release in August 2009, \"Where Did All the Love Go?\" entered the UK Singles Chart at a peak of #30. Although not as successful as the previous single \"\"Fire\"\",","title":"Where Did All the Love Go?"},{"psg_id":"6114570","text":"on Billboard's R&B album chart in January 1965. Hip-O Select released a limited run fortieth anniversary deluxe edition of the album in 2004, which included both the mono and stereo versions of the album, as well as several outtakes, non-album tracks and a recorded live show from the Twenty Grand club in Detroit, Michigan. It sold out immediately. (see: Hip-O Select.com) They filmed performances of four of the singles from the album including \"Run, Run, Run\", \"When the Lovelight Starts Shining Through His Eyes\", \"Where Did Our Love Go\" and \"Baby Love\" for the concert film, \"The T.A.M.I. Show\" released","title":"Where Did Our Love Go (album)"},{"psg_id":"3226005","text":"were left homeless and penniless. At that time, property laws did not leave the wife with any legal recourse. This case motivated Murphy to create a campaign that assured the property rights of married women. With the support of many rural women, Murphy began to pressure the Alberta government to allow women to retain the rights of their land. In 1916, Murphy successfully persuaded the Alberta legislature to pass the Dower Act that would allow a woman legal rights to one third of her husband's property. Murphy's reputation as a women's rights activist was established by this first political victory.","title":"Emily Murphy"},{"psg_id":"19313349","text":"5th Dimension recorded \"Go Where You Wanna Go\" for their debut studio album in 1967, \"Up, Up and Away\". Johnny Rivers suggested the group cover the song. The song was the group's first single, and reached number 16 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. It also did well in Canada. It is among the group's 10 biggest hits. Go Where You Wanna Go \"Go Where You Wanna Go\" is a 1965 song written by John Phillips. It was originally recorded by The Mamas & the Papas on their LP \"If You Can Believe Your Eyes and Ears\" and given limited","title":"Go Where You Wanna Go"},{"psg_id":"13459612","text":"disco progenitors Jean-Marc Cerrone and Giorgio Moroder. \"Where You Go I Go Too\" is often classified as \"space disco\" due to these influences and because it possesses a \"spacey, psychedelic\" sound. Lindstrøm listened to the Beach Boys, the Eagles, and Kirsty MacColl while writing the album. \"Where You Go I Go Too\" debuted at No. 11 on the Norwegian music chart. The following week it fell to No. 27 before leaving the list. The record did not chart internationally. In 2009, \"Where You Go I Go Too\" received a Spellemannprisen award for \"best electronica album\". The album was well received","title":"Where You Go I Go Too"},{"psg_id":"20392554","text":"he served as Chair of the House Committee on Small Business from January 1997 to July 1998, before leaving to pursue a law degree. Prior to becoming Administrator of the General Services Administration, Murphy was a senior advisor to the GSA's Administrator. Murphy previously served as counsel at the United States House Committee on Armed Services, where she specialized in acquisition policy and reform. She has also held roles at the Small Business Administration and at the GSA, where she served as the agency's first Chief Acquisition Officer. Murphy served under three chairmen of the United States House Committee on","title":"Emily W. Murphy"},{"psg_id":"9728502","text":"tomboy, and they are fast friends throughout the series. She also meets Perry Miller, the hired chore boy at New Moon, and Frederick Kent, known as Teddy, who lives nearby. \"Emily Climbs\" picks up exactly where \"Emily of New Moon\" left off. Emily is finally given permission to go to Shrewsbury High School to further her education and dream of becoming an author. Her friends Ilse, Perry and Teddy attend high school with her. Each of the central foursome has dreams toward which he or she is working: Emily to be a writer, Ilse an elocutionist, Teddy an artist and","title":"Emily Byrd Starr"},{"psg_id":"15832704","text":"adequate linguistic competence and research methodology ... and her major arguments cannot withstand close scrutiny. Her conclusion fails to consider all the evidence supporting Marco Polo's credibility.\" Did Marco Polo Go to China? Did Marco Polo Go to China? is a 1995 book, by Frances Wood, arguing that Italian explorer Marco Polo never visited China but travelled no further than Persia and that he based his description of China on accounts from Persian travelers. The book notes that Polo failed to mention the Great Wall, the use of chopsticks as eating utensils, tea, foot-binding, Chinese calligraphy or other significant features","title":"Did Marco Polo Go to China?"},{"psg_id":"15832699","text":"Did Marco Polo Go to China? Did Marco Polo Go to China? is a 1995 book, by Frances Wood, arguing that Italian explorer Marco Polo never visited China but travelled no further than Persia and that he based his description of China on accounts from Persian travelers. The book notes that Polo failed to mention the Great Wall, the use of chopsticks as eating utensils, tea, foot-binding, Chinese calligraphy or other significant features and that there are no Chinese records of Polo's presence. Thus it is a typical example of an argument from silence. Some archeologists have pointed to inconsistencies","title":"Did Marco Polo Go to China?"},{"psg_id":"3226004","text":"At the age of 40, when her children became independent and began their separate lives, Murphy began to actively organize women's groups where the isolated housewives could meet and discuss ideas and plan group projects. In addition to these organizations, Murphy began to speak openly and frankly about the disadvantaged and the poor living conditions that surrounded their society. Her strong interest in the rights and protection of women and children intensified when she was made aware of an unjust experience of an Albertan woman whose husband sold the family farm; the husband then abandoned his wife and children who","title":"Emily Murphy"},{"psg_id":"16168775","text":"her. Victoria double-crosses the white-haired man (Gordon Murphy), who was helping her and Charlotte to disappear, causing him to seek out Emily for assistance. She asks for information about her mother, but Murphy attempts to kill her again. He is killed by Emily's ex-lover Aiden Mathis before she can learn more. Kara eventually resurfaces, but recognizes Amanda, not Emily as her daughter. Mason Treadwell also returns, and discovers the truth about Amanda Clarke only to be framed by Emily for Gordon Murphy's death. They strike a deal in which he will take the fall until Emily finishes her revenge, in","title":"Emily Thorne"},{"psg_id":"17615360","text":"4, 2015, Pittsburgh Steelers released wide receiver Murphy upon promoting cornerback Doran Grant to their active roster. On January 26, 2016, Murphy signed a futures contract with the Miami Dolphins. On August 6, 2016, Murphy reached an injury settlement with the Miami Dolphins. He is now a free agent. Tyler Murphy Tyler Murphy (born January 12, 1992) is an American football quarterback for the Orlando Apollos of the Alliance of American Football (AAF). He played college football at Florida and Boston College. Murphy attended Wethersfield High School, where he was a two-sport star in football and track. He did not","title":"Tyler Murphy"},{"psg_id":"11007022","text":"\"Alpine path\" to be a female writer. \"The Flash\" is an extraordinary experience common to both Montgomery and Emily, but not shared with Anne Shirley. Emily Byrd Starr longs to attend Queen's Academy to earn her teaching license, but her tradition-bound relatives at New Moon refuse. She is instead offered the chance to go to Shrewsbury High School with her friends, on two conditions. The first is that she board with her disliked Aunt Ruth, but it is the second that causes Emily difficulties. Emily must not write a word during her high-school education. At first, Emily refuses the offer,","title":"Emily Climbs"},{"psg_id":"12943993","text":"telling her \"you're not gay, you're just stupid\". Unknown to Emily, Katie later confronts Naomi after Emily comes out to her parents, telling her to stay away from Emily, telling Naomi that Emily slept with JJ while she and Naomi were having problems; thus causing Emily and Naomi to fight. This enables Emily and Katie to go to the school ball with JJ and Freddie (respectively). Eventually, Naomi shows up at the ball, angry at Emily for not telling her about JJ. Emily later overhears Naomi and Katie arguing, and pulls Katie away, both fighting each other. Emily gains the","title":"Emily Fitch"},{"psg_id":"18771486","text":"The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray on February 21, 2012. Unearthed Films handles the home video distribution. The film has yet to be released on streaming services. \"Where the Dead Go to Die\" was panned by many viewers and Internet animation critics, criticizing its three stories, animation, characters, voice acting, writing, use of music, and incredibly dark content, such as eating fetuses, genital mutilation, bestiality, and necrophilia. It was however reviewed well in many horror publications, such as Rue Morgue, DVDtalk, and horrornews. Where the Dead Go to Die Where the Dead Go to Die is a 2012","title":"Where the Dead Go to Die"},{"psg_id":"15844726","text":"let go of her feelings for Alison. Emily was a former student at Rosewood High School in Rosewood, Pennsylvania, a star and a non-competitive swimmer. A year prior to the start of the series, Emily had been best friends with Alison DiLaurentis (Sasha Pieterse), a cruel popular girl who went missing one day. At the beginning of the school year, Emily befriends a girl named Maya St. Germain (Bianca Lawson), her new next-door neighbor whose family has moved into the old DiLaurentis house. Emily and Maya instantly bond, and the next day they kiss when Emily walks her home. With","title":"Emily Fields"},{"psg_id":"12202412","text":"That Is Where I'll Go \"That Is Where I'll Go\" is the debut single from singer Sibel Redžep. The song, written by Christian Antblad with strings from the Scandinavian Strings Orchestra, was Sibel Redžep's entry in Melodifestivalen 2008, the Swedish national contest which decides their Eurovision entry. The song did not win but did advance to the grand final. On 27 April 2008, the song was tested for Svensktoppen, but failed to enter. The single was released on 5 March 2008. It stayed on the official Swedish charts for a total of nine weeks, from 13 March to 8 May","title":"That Is Where I'll Go"},{"psg_id":"12202413","text":"2008, peaking at number six on April 3. That Is Where I'll Go \"That Is Where I'll Go\" is the debut single from singer Sibel Redžep. The song, written by Christian Antblad with strings from the Scandinavian Strings Orchestra, was Sibel Redžep's entry in Melodifestivalen 2008, the Swedish national contest which decides their Eurovision entry. The song did not win but did advance to the grand final. On 27 April 2008, the song was tested for Svensktoppen, but failed to enter. The single was released on 5 March 2008. It stayed on the official Swedish charts for a total of","title":"That Is Where I'll Go"},{"psg_id":"19169891","text":"use a chat client to talk with \"emilyluv\", \"emerly\", or Emily. They discuss high school and a fellow student, Brad, who keeps sending Emily messages. They also talk about a party that a classmate Travis is throwing that evening, which they may or may not go to, depending on player choices. Then they say goodbye as Emily logs off. In their first year of college (2003), the player talks to Emily again, who has gotten together with Brad or Travis (depending on if the player chose to go to the party or not), though she hints that the relationship has","title":"Emily Is Away"},{"psg_id":"3226012","text":"election, Murphy was denied to chance to sit in the Senate again in 1931, because the vacancy had been caused by the death of a Catholic senator, and Murphy was a Protestant. Murphy would die in 1935 without fulfilling her dream of sitting in Canada's upper chamber. The women were known as the Famous Five and were considered leaders in education for social reform and women's rights. They challenged convention and established an important precedent in Canadian history. In Canada's Senate Chamber, the five women are honoured with a plaque that reads, \"To further the cause of womankind these five","title":"Emily Murphy"},{"psg_id":"15069300","text":"Where Do We Go Now? Where Do We Go Now? ( , ) is a 2011 film by Lebanese director Nadine Labaki. The film premiered during the 2011 Cannes Film Festival as part of Un Certain Regard . The film was selected to represent Lebanon for the 84th Academy Awards, but it did not make the final shortlist. The film won the People's Choice Award at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival. \"Where Do We Go Now?\" tells the story of a remote, isolated unnamed Lebanese village inhabited by both Muslims and Christians. The village is surrounded by land mines","title":"Where Do We Go Now?"},{"psg_id":"19313348","text":"Go Where You Wanna Go \"Go Where You Wanna Go\" is a 1965 song written by John Phillips. It was originally recorded by The Mamas & the Papas on their LP \"If You Can Believe Your Eyes and Ears\" and given limited release as a single. However, the record was withdrawn and its B-side reassigned to \"California Dreamin'.\" \"Go Where You Wanna Go\" was later made into a hit by The 5th Dimension. P.F. Sloan played guitar on the song. John Phillips said that he wrote it about Michelle Phillips' affair with Russ Titelman, a songwriter and record producer. The","title":"Go Where You Wanna Go"},{"psg_id":"13832719","text":"Go to School\", after pestering his parents to stay home from school, because if he did he would write a song. Subsequently, Nat wrote the song and then he was sent to school anyway. The band began recording their new album in mid-2007. The songs were recorded for the second season of \"The Naked Brothers Band\" television series. Recording took as short as three months, which ended in October 2007. The album was slated for an April 2008 release, just five months after their debut album, \"The Naked Brothers Band\". Nat and Alex released two versions, the normal album and","title":"I Don't Want to Go to School"},{"psg_id":"7113543","text":"magazine. On December 25, 2012, Murphy High School was hit directly by an EF2 wedge tornado, which caused significant damage to the campus. Students and faculty were relocated. They finished the remainder of the 2012 school year at the former Shaw High School in west Mobile while the Murphy campus was rebuilt. On August 19, the renovated storm-damaged high school campus reopened. Murphy has 14 Advanced Placement courses, the International Baccalaureate program, and the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme. Murphy High School (Alabama) Murphy High School, in Mobile, Alabama, is a public high school operated by the Mobile County Public School","title":"Murphy High School (Alabama)"},{"psg_id":"17615352","text":"Tyler Murphy Tyler Murphy (born January 12, 1992) is an American football quarterback for the Orlando Apollos of the Alliance of American Football (AAF). He played college football at Florida and Boston College. Murphy attended Wethersfield High School, where he was a two-sport star in football and track. He did not have a very good junior season and was not on the radar for any Division I colleges. His senior year, he had a breakout year and threw for over 1,000 yards and rushed for over 1,000 yards. Also a standout track & field athlete, Murphy was one of the","title":"Tyler Murphy"},{"psg_id":"15844719","text":"outs Emily to the whole school, her parents force her to go to Tree Tops, a \"de-gaying\" rehabilitation center. Failing that, Emily is shipped off to Iowa to live with relatives; deeply unhappy there, she runs away. Her parents ask her to come home, stating that they will learn to accept Emily for who she is. Emily comes to discover that she's actually bisexual, when she falls for and eventually sleeps with a boy named Isaac Colbert. Although they break up soon after, Emily learns she's pregnant and secretly gives the baby up for adoption during summer break. As a","title":"Emily Fields"},{"psg_id":"10622986","text":"Emily Carr Secondary School Emily Carr Secondary School is a high school in Woodbridge, Ontario, Canada, part of the city of Vaughan. It is administered by the York Region District School Board. Most students from this high school come from the schools near the area. For example, Fossil Hill Public School, Elders Mills Public School, Vellore Woods Public School, Lorna Jackson Public School, Pierre Berton Public School, Saint Stephen's Catholic Elementary School and a few more. Emily Carr Secondary School features classes in The Arts, Business, Law, Geography, History, English, French, Italian, English as a Second Language, Physical Education, Mathematics,","title":"Emily Carr Secondary School"},{"psg_id":"8938402","text":"Archbishop Murphy High School Archbishop Thomas J. Murphy High School is a co-educational private Catholic college-preparatory high school located in Everett, Washington, United States. Founded as Holy Cross High School in 1988 at the old site of Our Lady Of Perpetual Help grade school. Holy Cross was renamed Archbishop Murphy High School in 1999 and in October moved to its present location. The school serves students grades nine through twelve and enrollment has increased from 23 students in 1988 to approximately 450 for Fall 2012. Since 2004, Archbishop Murphy has been classified as a 2A school by the WIAA. In","title":"Archbishop Murphy High School"},{"psg_id":"1786489","text":"Emily O'Reilly Emily O'Reilly is an author and former journalist and broadcaster who became Ireland's first female Ombudsman in 2003, succeeding Kevin Murphy. On 3 July 2013, she was voted European Ombudsman by the European Parliament. She was re-elected on 16 December 2014 for a mandate of five years. She was educated at University College Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin, and Harvard University, where she was awarded a Nieman Fellowship in journalism. She began her career as a journalist in the 1970s. Since then, she has held senior positions with \"The Irish Press\" and the \"Sunday Tribune\", as well as serving","title":"Emily O'Reilly"},{"psg_id":"17382251","text":"Down In the Ground Where the Dead Men Go \"Down In the Ground Where the Dead Men Go\" is the second episode of the first season of the American science fiction series \"Defiance\", and the series' second episode overall. It was aired on April 22, 2013. The episode was written by Kevin Murphy & Anupam Nigam. It was directed by Michael Nankin. Elah Bandik (Robert Clarke), the Castithan who fled the battle in the pilot episode, is accused of cowardice by Datak Tarr (Tony Curran) and must undergo a \"cleansing\" ceremony which is actually ritual torture and execution. Nolan (Grant","title":"Down In the Ground Where the Dead Men Go"},{"psg_id":"18771485","text":"Where the Dead Go to Die Where the Dead Go to Die is a 2012 American computer-animated anthology horror crime drama written, directed, composed, edited, and animated by James \"Jimmy ScreamerClauz\" Creamer. The film revolves around a group of kids living on the same block. The kids named Tommy, Sofia, and Ralph are being haunted by a talking, black, red-eyed dog named Labby, who takes them on a hellish ride through dimensions and time periods. The first segment is called \"Tainted Milk\", the second is called \"Liquid Memories\", and the last segment is called \"The Mask That the Monsters Wear\".","title":"Where the Dead Go to Die"},{"psg_id":"18626475","text":"Rosie L. Go-Murphy, and a United States-born father, Richard Cornelius Murphy Jr. His parents are both government employees in California. On his mother's side, he is of Filipino descent, and on his father's side, he has Irish, Scottish, and English ancestry. His mother grew up in the Philippines, and emigrated to the United States. Murphy grew up in Berkeley, California and was educated at the School of the Madeleine, a private Roman Catholic grade school there. He received his secondary education at Saint Mary's College High School, also a private Catholic high school in Berkeley. Murphy graduated in 2010 from","title":"Bobby Murphy (businessman)"},{"psg_id":"9478107","text":"enlisted Murphy for the Australian mission. Murphy arrived in Sydney in July 1838. Two years later, in November 1840, when Bishop Polding left Sydney on a visit to Europe, Murphy was appointed vicar-general of the diocese during the bishop's absence. On 8 September 1844 Murphy was consecrated first bishop of Adelaide at St Mary's Cathedral, Sydney. In the following month went to Adelaide, calling in at Port Phillip where he officiated at the first Pontifical High Mass celebrated in Melbourne. When Murphy began his work in Adelaide, he did not have a church, school or presbytery; and only one priest","title":"Francis Murphy (Australian bishop)"},{"psg_id":"14266651","text":"Emily has a falling out with her mother and decides to move out. Katie begs her to stay but Emily still leaves. Emily moves in with Naomi and they seem to have put everything behind them. However, when they go to a party later on, Emily becomes suspicious again when Naomi starts talking to other girls. Cook sees Effy and Freddie kissing at the party and takes his anger out on a fellow party-goer and ends up headbutting JJ also. At dawn, Emily takes Sophia's wooden box and goes back to the club where Sophia died to meet Sophia's brother,","title":"Emily (Skins)"},{"psg_id":"8938403","text":"the 2016 football season, 5 schools from the Cascade Conference forfeited league football games against the Archbishop Murphy High School Wildcats, citing depth concerns, fear of injury, and competitive imbalance. Archbishop Murphy went on to win their first 2A state football championship in December. The following courses can generate college credit: Archbishop Murphy High School Archbishop Thomas J. Murphy High School is a co-educational private Catholic college-preparatory high school located in Everett, Washington, United States. Founded as Holy Cross High School in 1988 at the old site of Our Lady Of Perpetual Help grade school. Holy Cross was renamed Archbishop","title":"Archbishop Murphy High School"},{"psg_id":"7742303","text":"Tommy Murphy (baseball) Thomas Christian Murphy (born August 27, 1979) is a former Major League Baseball outfielder. Murphy was a 1997 graduate of Charlotte High School in Punta Gorda, Florida. He is also an alumnus of Florida Atlantic University, where he played baseball for the Owls under head coach Kevin Cooney. Murphy was originally drafted by the Arizona Diamondbacks in the 50th round (1,427th overall) of the Major League Baseball draft; he did not sign with them, however. He was drafted again in , this time by the Anaheim Angels in the 3rd round as the 80th overall pick. He","title":"Tommy Murphy (baseball)"},{"psg_id":"15832701","text":"claims that the \"History of Yuan\" mentions Giovanni de Marignolli by name even though it mentions only the tributary gift that he brought to the Yuan court, a large impressive war horse given by the \"Franks\" (\"Fulang\") of Europe. The historian David Morgan also points out basic errors made such as confusing the Liao dynasty with the Jin dynasty, and he found no compelling evidence in the book that would convince him that Marco Polo did not go to China. Haw also argues in his book \"Marco Polo's China\" that Marco's account is much more correct and accurate than has","title":"Did Marco Polo Go to China?"},{"psg_id":"13459605","text":"Where You Go I Go Too Where You Go I Go Too is the first studio album by Norwegian electronica artist Hans-Peter Lindstrøm. It was first released in the United Kingdom on August 18, 2008 and was subsequently released the next day in the United States. The album comprises three tracks, roughly 30, 10, and 15 minutes in length. \"Where You Go I Go Too\" is usually labeled \"space disco\" due to its \"spacey, psychedelic\" feel and four-to-the-floor beats. Production of the album followed the 2006 release of \"It's a Feedelity Affair\", a compilation of singles. Lindstrøm had become dissatisfied","title":"Where You Go I Go Too"},{"psg_id":"7900349","text":"Emily Hamilton Emily Miranda Hamilton (née Beevers; born 24 May 1971) is a British actress. Hamilton's notable roles include: Emily Hamilton was born Emily Miranda Beevers in Hammersmith, London and grew up with her mother in Ealing, west London, where she attended Notting Hill and Ealing High School GDST. While at school, she appeared in a regular photo story for teen magazine 'Jackie'. She was originally planning to study at St Andrew's University, but after achieving better-than-expected A'Level results, she took a year out and re-applied to Wadham College, University of Oxford, where she won a place to study English","title":"Emily Hamilton"},{"psg_id":"11220958","text":"flee the scene. Filmed on November 15–18, 1938, the title \"A Ducking They Did Go\" is a play on the old children's song \"A-Hunting We Will Go.\" The closing shot of the Stooges leaping over a bush, and landing on a trio of bucking steers was recycled from the end of 1936's \"A Pain in the Pullman\". A Ducking They Did Go A Ducking They Did Go is the 38th short film released by Columbia Pictures in 1939 starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges (Moe Howard, Larry Fine and Curly Howard). The comedians released 190 short films for","title":"A Ducking They Did Go"},{"psg_id":"5486407","text":"Where Do Broken Hearts Go \"Where Do Broken Hearts Go\" is the fourth single from Whitney Houston's second album, \"Whitney\". The ballad was released on February 25, 1988. The song was written by Frank Wildhorn and Chuck Jackson and produced by Narada Michael Walden. Wildhorn approached Jackson about the opportunity to write for Whitney Houston. Jackson came up with the title, and Wildhorn completed the music and lyrics for the song. Smokey Robinson originally wanted to record the song; however, Wildhorn and Jackson held the song for Houston. Initially, Houston did not want to record the song, feeling there was","title":"Where Do Broken Hearts Go"},{"psg_id":"3226021","text":"continued to develop, Murphy, who was a pacifist, theorized that the only reason for war was that nations needed to fight for land to accommodate their growing populations. Her argument was that: if there was population control, people would not need as much land. Without the constant need for more land, war would cease to exist. Her solution to these social issues was eugenics. Murphy supported selective breeding and the compulsory sterilization of those individuals who were considered mentally deficient. She believed that the mentally and socially inferior reproduced more than the \"human thoroughbreds\" and appealed to the Alberta Legislative","title":"Emily Murphy"},{"psg_id":"3226009","text":"of Women and the Montreal Women's Club also supported the resolution, selecting Murphy as their preferred candidate. Murphy began to work on a plan to ask for clarification of how women were regarded in the BNA act and how they were to become Senators. In order for her question to be considered, she needed at least five citizens to submit the question as a group. She enlisted the help of four other Albertan women and on 27 August 1927 she and human rights activist Nellie McClung, ex MLA Louise McKinney, women's rights campaigners Henrietta Edwards and Irene Parlby signed the","title":"Emily Murphy"},{"psg_id":"3226006","text":"Murphy's success in the fight for the Dower Act, along with her work through the Local Council of Women and her increasing awareness of women's rights, influenced her request for a female magistrate in the women's court. In 1916, Murphy, along with a group of women, attempted to observe a trial for women who were prostitutes and were arrested for \"questionable\" circumstances. The women were asked to leave the courtroom on the claims that the statement was not \"fit for mixed company\". This outcome was unacceptable to Murphy and she protested to the provincial Attorney General. \"If the evidence is","title":"Emily Murphy"},{"psg_id":"11976762","text":"he looks miserable. Emily takes the rabbit and goes home, but before that she gives the golden teddy bear to the sad Queen and tells her to do everything with that bear, to go on adventures and sleep with him at night, until he becomes real. A while later, Emily gets a letter from the Queen that says \"Thank you\" and has a picture of the Queen holding her smiling bear. That Rabbit Belongs to Emily Brown That Rabbit Belongs to Emily Brown is a children's picture book written by Cressida Cowell and illustrated by Neal Layton, published in 2006.","title":"That Rabbit Belongs to Emily Brown"},{"psg_id":"3226013","text":"outstanding pioneer women caused steps to be taken resulting in the recognition by the Privy Council of women as persons eligible for appointment to the Senate of Canada.\" Murphy, along with the rest of the Famous Five, was featured on the back of one of the Canadian 50 dollar bills issued in 2004 as part of the Canadian Journey Series. In October 2009, the Senate voted to name Murphy and the rest of the Five Canada's first \"honorary senators\". Although Murphy's views on race changed over the course of her life, the perspective contained in her book \"The Black Candle\"","title":"Emily Murphy"},{"psg_id":"3226011","text":"Britain. On 18 October 1929, in a decision called Edwards v. Canada (Attorney General), the Privy Council declared that 'persons' in Section 24 of the BNA Act of 1867 should be interpreted to include both males and females therefore women were eligible to serve in the Senate. Despite the ruling, Murphy was never appointed to the Senate. The Prime Minister at the time, William Lyon Mackenzie King, was a Liberal, and Murphy was a partisan Conservative, so she was passed over in favour of philanthropist Cairine Wilson in 1930. After the Conservatives under R. B. Bennett won the 1930 federal","title":"Emily Murphy"},{"psg_id":"20030086","text":"stars out of a possible five stating that the album was \"great\" for \"worship leaders or any body who loves new, fresh worship music.\" Adapted from AllMusic. Where You Go I Go Where You Go I Go is the third live album by American Christian worship duo Brian & Jenn Johnson. The album was released on September 30, 2008 by ION Records. Jeremy Edwardson and Brian Johnson worked together on the production of the album. The album was recorded live at Bethel Church in Redding, California. In a review for Cross Rhythms, Adrian Cherrill bestowed the album eight squares out","title":"Where You Go I Go"},{"psg_id":"20030085","text":"Where You Go I Go Where You Go I Go is the third live album by American Christian worship duo Brian & Jenn Johnson. The album was released on September 30, 2008 by ION Records. Jeremy Edwardson and Brian Johnson worked together on the production of the album. The album was recorded live at Bethel Church in Redding, California. In a review for Cross Rhythms, Adrian Cherrill bestowed the album eight squares out of ten, saying \"Lyrically strong and excellently played, the whole album exudes a powerful worship atmosphere.\" Justin K of NewReleaseToday rated the album four and a half","title":"Where You Go I Go"},{"psg_id":"15705521","text":"Where You Came From\"'s viewing figures made it the highest-rating programme for SBS in 2011. An estimated 524,000 metropolitan viewers watched the first episode, followed by 569,000 for the second and 600,000 for the third. The broadcaster subsequently held a televised forum event to reflect on the series and the public debate about asylum seekers. Episode 1 Episode 2 Episode 3 Episode 1 Episode 2 Episode 3 The series has had international versions after the concept was sold to the following countries: Go Back to Where You Came From Go Back To Where You Came From is a Logie Award-winning","title":"Go Back to Where You Came From"},{"psg_id":"7514570","text":"Jennifer Murphy Jennifer Murphy (born March 19, 1979) is an American actress, YouTube personality (JenniferMurphyGoGirl), entrepreneur, and motivational speaker. Murphy is former Miss Oregon USA 2004 beauty queen and top-ten finalist at Miss USA 2004. Jennifer Murphy was born on March 19, 1979 in Medford, Oregon. Murphy grew up in Rogue River, southern Oregon, with her eleven siblings (she is the second oldest among her five sisters and six brothers). She was partially home schooled but also attended Seton High School, from which she graduated in 1996. Murphy is a co-owner of Viral Video Media Group and CEO of Go","title":"Jennifer Murphy"},{"psg_id":"7113541","text":"the workers did not want to change the name of the yearbook. They agreed to shorten the name to \"Mohian\", a shortened version of \"Mo\"bile \"Hi\"gh \"An\"nual. The school was desegregated in 1963 when three African American students brought a case against the Mobile County School Board for being denied admission to the then all-white school. The court ordered that the three students be admitted to Murphy for the 1964 school year. By the fall of 1970, following stringent desegregation efforts in Alabama, 1,500 of the school's 2,140 students were African American. At the same time, the school had 34","title":"Murphy High School (Alabama)"},{"psg_id":"123699","text":"teacher, but suffered from extreme homesickness and left after only a few months. Charlotte wrote later that \"Liberty was the breath of Emily's nostrils; without it she perished. The change from her own home to a school and from her own very noiseless, very secluded but unrestricted and unartificial mode of life, to one of disciplined routine (though under the kindest auspices), was what she failed in enduring... I felt in my heart she would die, if she did not go home, and with this conviction obtained her recall.\" Emily returned home and Anne took her place. At this time,","title":"Emily Brontë"},{"psg_id":"7113540","text":"their proposed high school complex. The cornerstone of the school was laid on 14 December 1925, and on 26 April 1926, Mobile High School opened. Construction costs totaled $850,000 for the first six buildings with an additional $200,000 spent on the gymnasium and the indoor pool installed in 1930. Two years after its opening the school's name was changed to Murphy High School in honor of Samuel Silenus Murphy, MCPSS superintendent from 1900 to 1926. While still called Mobile High School, the yearbook had been called the \"Mobile High Annual\". At the change of the name to Murphy High School,","title":"Murphy High School (Alabama)"},{"psg_id":"18295778","text":"the situation in Haiti was improving. But other NGO employees, like Julie Schindall from Oxfam America and Barth A. Green from Project Medishare, expressed that they were still in need of funds and resources from these larger NGOs to maintain their services. Part 4: Infrastructure, Communication, and Hurricanes While Michele was in Haiti, a hurricane was expected to hit the island. The government as well as NGOs encouraged Haitians living in the camps to evacuate. They expressed that they had nowhere else to go, and refused to move, preferring instead to wait out the storm in their tents. Following the","title":"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go"},{"psg_id":"19552911","text":"A file revealing the accident about the dolls is then shown and the man reading the story is hinted to be the pizza delivery man from the first game, who suggests that he should \"go back to that house\", hinting towards a sequel. As the credits roll, Emily and her dolls are seen facing a tall figure (presumably the entity mentioned in the newspapers), saying that it won't let her out anymore and now \"they are one\". The developer, Shawn Hitchcock, announced that he will be releasing \"Emily Wants To Play\" on PlayStation 4 and Xbox One, creating a VR","title":"Emily Wants to Play"},{"psg_id":"13566922","text":"Freddie that he had sex with her, and Freddie inadvertently tells Katie, who was unaware of this. She guilts Freddie into accompanying her to the ball and volunteers Emily to go with JJ. Later, she is furious with Emily for having sex with JJ without her permission, still insisting that Emily is \"not gay, [just] stupid\". Katie intercepts one of Naomi's phone calls to Emily and tricks Naomi into meeting with her, where she reveals Emily's affair with JJ and warns Naomi not to come to the ball. As Katie, Emily, Freddie and JJ prepare to enter the ball, Naomi","title":"Katie and Emily"},{"psg_id":"5944971","text":"Emily and Homer from marrying; however, they are later sent back home so that the two can be wed. There seems to be some type of dispute between Emily and the cousins, indicated by them living far away from Emily and the fact that they did not go to Emily’s father’s funeral. Tobe - Emily's cook/gardener, who is also very likely her secret keeper. During the years of Emily's isolation, he provides no details of her life to the townspeople and promptly disappears directly following her death. He became old and stooped from all of his work while Emily grew","title":"A Rose for Emily"},{"psg_id":"11766687","text":"called \"Irish Goodbye\". Murphy was raised Jewish by her mother, but did not have a bat mitzvah. She attended a Catholic high school. Actor Writer/Producer Appearances Consultant only 1 episode each, except where noted Morgan Murphy (comedian) Morgan Murphy (born October 23, 1981) is an American stand-up comic, comedy writer, and actress. She has performed in the Comedians of Comedy tour and appeared in the \"Comedians of Comedy: Live at the Troubador\" DVD. Bobcat Goldthwait cast her in the films \"Sleeping Dogs Lie\" and \"World's Greatest Dad\". She has also been a featured performer for all three years of Aimee","title":"Morgan Murphy (comedian)"},{"psg_id":"19552903","text":"the pizza man walks in, the door is closed and locked behind him. During his stay in the house, the pizza man encounters Emily and three living dolls named Kiki, Mr. Tatters, and Chester. They want to play variations of children's games with him such as peek-a-boo, red light green light, tag, and hide-and-seek. A whiteboard in the kitchen tells the opposite of what he has to do to survive. If the pizza man plays these games correctly and survives from 11 p.m. to 6 a.m., Emily and the dolls will let him go free. When the pizza man finally","title":"Emily Wants to Play"},{"psg_id":"10622987","text":"Science, Social Sciences and Humanities, Special Education, Technologies, and Alternate Education. ECSS offers a number of sport programs to its students. ECSS has a selection of clubs and activities (lunch and after-school) for its students. Emily Carr Secondary School Emily Carr Secondary School is a high school in Woodbridge, Ontario, Canada, part of the city of Vaughan. It is administered by the York Region District School Board. Most students from this high school come from the schools near the area. For example, Fossil Hill Public School, Elders Mills Public School, Vellore Woods Public School, Lorna Jackson Public School, Pierre Berton","title":"Emily Carr Secondary School"},{"psg_id":"3987797","text":"were working on a further sequel, \"Farewell Marie-Claire,\" in which the story was brought to a conclusion. The song was to feature the same waltz feel as the original. But Sarstedt's retirement from the music industry meant that the track was abandoned. Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)? \"Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)?\" is a song by the British singer–songwriter Peter Sarstedt. Its recording was produced by Ray Singer, engineered by John Mackswith at Lansdowne Recording Studios and released in 1969. It was a number-one 1 hit in the UK Singles Chart for four weeks in 1969,","title":"Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)?"},{"psg_id":"15705518","text":"Go Back to Where You Came From Go Back To Where You Came From is a Logie Award-winning Australian TV documentary series, produced by Cordell Jigsaw Productions and broadcast in 2011 (Season 1), 2012 (Season 2) and 2015 (Season 3) on SBS. The series followed two parties, each of six Australians, all members having differing opinions on Australia's asylum seeker debate, being taken on a journey in reverse to that which refugees have taken to reach Australia. The six Australian participants were Gleny Rae, Adam Hartup, Raquel Moore, Darren Hassan, Raye Colbey, and Roderick Schneider. Deprived of their wallets, phones","title":"Go Back to Where You Came From"},{"psg_id":"12498147","text":"Where do you want to go today? “Where do you want to go today?” was the title of Microsoft’s 2nd global image advertising campaign. The broadcast, print and outdoor advertising campaign was launched in November 1994 through the advertising agency Wieden+Kennedy, the firm best known for its work on behalf of Nike, Inc. The campaign, which \"The New York Times\" described as taking “a winsome, humanistic approach to demystifying technology”, had Microsoft spending $100 million through July 1995, of which $25 million would be spent during the holiday shopping season ending in December 1994. Tony Kaye directed a series of","title":"Where do you want to go today?"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13279845\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"there is a perceptible poignancy and longing weaved throughout Jenkins' arrangements. The opener \\\"Where Did Everyone Go?\\\" possesses a solitude accentuated by responsive instrumentation that supports, yet never intrudes. Cole's practically conversational delivery of pop standards...become musical soliloquies with the score as a sonic subtext.\\\" Where Did Everyone Go? Where Did Everyone Go? is a 1963 studio album by Nat King Cole, arranged by Gordon Jenkins. This was the third and final album that Cole and Jenkins recorded together, following \\\"Love Is the Thing\\\" (1957) and \\\"The Very Thought of You\\\" (1958). The initial \\\"Billboard\\\" review from April 13, 1963\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Everyone Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13279844\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did Everyone Go? Where Did Everyone Go? is a 1963 studio album by Nat King Cole, arranged by Gordon Jenkins. This was the third and final album that Cole and Jenkins recorded together, following \\\"Love Is the Thing\\\" (1957) and \\\"The Very Thought of You\\\" (1958). The initial \\\"Billboard\\\" review from April 13, 1963 commented that \\\"Here he is in a superb collection of ballad tunes, many of them in a lonesome, blue mood, with standout backing provided by Gordon Jenkins...Great mood wax for buyers and spinners\\\". The Allmusic review of \\\"Where Did Everyone Go?\\\" by Lindsay Planer said\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Everyone Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11939649\",\n \"text\": \"in 1971. The single did not make the charts. Lee performed songs from this album, including \\\"Where Did They Go\\\" and \\\"My Sweet Lord,\\\" during her June 1971 engagement at The Frontier Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada. After completing work on \\\"Where Did They Go\\\", Peggy Lee did not return to the recording studio again until nearly a year later, when she began recording \\\"Norma Deloris Egstrom from Jamestown, North Dakota\\\" in April 1972. This album was released on 8-track, along with LP. Where Did They Go (album) Where Did They Go is a 1971 album by Peggy Lee. It\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did They Go (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3226025\",\n \"text\": \"in 1933. It is now located on the campus of the University of Alberta and houses the Student Legal Services. In 1958, she was recognized as a Person of National Historic Significance by the government of Canada. A plaque commemorating this is installed at Emily Murphy Park on Emily Murphy Park Road in Edmonton. The \\\"National Persons\\\" case was recognized in 1997 as a National Historic Event with a plaque at the same place. Emily Murphy Emily Murphy (born Emily Gowan Ferguson; 14 March 186827 October 1933) was a Canadian women's rights activist, jurist, and author. In 1916, she became\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Murphy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11939648\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did They Go (album) Where Did They Go is a 1971 album by Peggy Lee. It was arranged and conducted by Don Sebesky and Al Capps. The recording sessions for this album took place at the Capitol Tower in Hollywood, California. \\\"Where Did They Go\\\" was Peggy Lee's first album not to make the \\\"Billboard\\\" 200 chart since her Grammy-winning hit \\\"Is That All There Is?\\\" in 1969. Burt Bacharach and Hal David wrote the song \\\"My Rock And Foundation\\\" specifically for Lee. Capitol Records released \\\"Where Did They Go\\\" (backed by \\\"All I Want\\\") as a 45\\\" single\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did They Go (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3226016\",\n \"text\": \"was not respected by the Division of Narcotic Control because of the creative liberties she took in presenting research they had assisted her with. According to Carstairs, \\\"There were insinuations in the records that the bureaucrats at the division of narcotic control did not think very highly of Emily Murphy and did not pay attention to what she was writing about, and they didn't consider her a particularly accurate or valuable source.\\\" Carstairs also avers that Murphy did not influence the drug panic in Vancouver, but that nevertheless \\\"her articles did mark a turning point and her book ... brought\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Murphy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15358177\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did Our Love Go \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" is a 1964 song recorded by American music group the Supremes for the Motown label. Written and produced by Motown's main production team Holland–Dozier–Holland, \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" was the first single by the Supremes to go to the number-one position on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 pop singles chart in the United States, a position it held for two weeks, from August 16 to August 29, 1964. It was also the first of five Supremes songs in a row to reach number one (the others being \\\"Baby Love\\\", \\\"Come\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15358184\",\n \"text\": \"in Vietnam, and foreseeing the end of the early optimism of the 1960s. Where Did Our Love Go \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" is a 1964 song recorded by American music group the Supremes for the Motown label. Written and produced by Motown's main production team Holland–Dozier–Holland, \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" was the first single by the Supremes to go to the number-one position on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 pop singles chart in the United States, a position it held for two weeks, from August 16 to August 29, 1964. It was also the first of five Supremes songs\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11903014\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did Your Heart Go? \\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\" is a song written by American musicians David Was and Don Was. The song was first recorded and released by the writers' disco-dance-rock band Was (Not Was) as a single in the UK as a double A-side with \\\"Wheel Me Out\\\" in September 1981. The single did not chart. It was featured as the second track on the band's début album \\\"Was (Not Was)\\\" in August 1981. French editions of the single included the track \\\"It's an Attack!\\\" as the B-side. A live recording of \\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18295773\",\n \"text\": \"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go Haiti: Where Did the Money Go? is a 2012 Film at Eleven Media production that was produced, written and directed by Michele Mitchell. Shot in the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, the documentary looks at what really happens with the money donated to help with disaster aid. \\\"Haiti: Where Did The Money Go?\\\" aired on PBS and won the 2013 Edward R. Murrow Award for News Documentary. \\\"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go\\\" seeks to discover where the funds raised for the relief effort after the 2010 earthquake in Haiti really went. Taking\",\n \"title\": \"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3225999\",\n \"text\": \"Emily Murphy Emily Murphy (born Emily Gowan Ferguson; 14 March 186827 October 1933) was a Canadian women's rights activist, jurist, and author. In 1916, she became the first female magistrate in Canada, and in the British Empire. She is best known for her contributions to Canadian feminism, specifically to the question of whether women were \\\"persons\\\" under Canadian law. Murphy is known as one of \\\"The Famous Five\\\" (also called \\\"The Valiant Five\\\")—a group of Canadian women's rights activists that also included Henrietta Muir Edwards, Nellie McClung, Louise McKinney and Irene Parlby. In 1927, the women launched the \\\"Persons Case,\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Murphy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18295781\",\n \"text\": \"Best Investigative Documentary •2013 Edward R. Murrow Award for News Documentary •2013 Women's International Film Festival Best Documentary Short Haiti: Where Did the Money Go Haiti: Where Did the Money Go? is a 2012 Film at Eleven Media production that was produced, written and directed by Michele Mitchell. Shot in the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, the documentary looks at what really happens with the money donated to help with disaster aid. \\\"Haiti: Where Did The Money Go?\\\" aired on PBS and won the 2013 Edward R. Murrow Award for News Documentary. \\\"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go\\\" seeks\",\n \"title\": \"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20392552\",\n \"text\": \"Emily W. Murphy Emily Webster Murphy is an American attorney and government official who currently serves as the Administrator of the General Services Administration (GSA). In her role as GSA Administrator, Murphy manages a workforce that includes 11,600 full-time employees, 371 million square feet of property, and annual contracts totaling $54 billion. Murphy was raised in St. Louis, Missouri, by parents James J. Murphy Jr. and Mimi Murphy (née Webster). She has one brother, James Joseph Murphy III, and one sister, Anne Murphy (now Anne Hill). Her father was chairman of Murphy Company Mechanical Contractors and Engineers, and her mother\",\n \"title\": \"Emily W. Murphy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11903016\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\" was also included on \\\"The Final\\\" and \\\"Music from the Edge of Heaven\\\" albums. George Michael's arrangement of \\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\" is relatively faithful to the original Was (Not Was) version making only subtle changes to the song's instrumentation and structure. Michael alters the song by dropping the opening chorus in favour of an instrumental introduction of the chorus melody. The subdued ending is protracted in the Wham! recording, where the Was (Not Was) original quickly fades out after the completion of the final chorus; Michael's arrangement continues for an additional half a\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11903018\",\n \"text\": \"video for the Wham! version of the song was directed by George Michael and Andy Morahan. Where Did Your Heart Go? \\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\" is a song written by American musicians David Was and Don Was. The song was first recorded and released by the writers' disco-dance-rock band Was (Not Was) as a single in the UK as a double A-side with \\\"Wheel Me Out\\\" in September 1981. The single did not chart. It was featured as the second track on the band's début album \\\"Was (Not Was)\\\" in August 1981. French editions of the single included the\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6114571\",\n \"text\": \"on December 29, 1964. It was equivalent to Motown 25 or Live Aid as a pivotal music concert event . When it hit theaters nationwide, it undoubtedly raised and extended the visibility of the \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" album. All tracks written by Holland–Dozier–Holland except as noted. The original album sold a million copies {in 1964-1965} stateside alone. The limited exclusive \\\"40th Anniversary\\\" version is now listed as \\\"sold out\\\". It remains, to date, their third best-selling studio album. Where Did Our Love Go (album) Where Did Our Love Go is the second studio album by Motown singing group\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6114568\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did Our Love Go (album) Where Did Our Love Go is the second studio album by Motown singing group The Supremes, released in 1964. The album includes several of the group's singles and B-sides from 1963 and 1964. Included are the group's first Billboard Pop Singles number-one hits, \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\", \\\"Baby Love\\\", and \\\"Come See About Me\\\", as well as their first Top 40 hit, \\\"When the Lovelight Starts Shining Through His Eyes\\\", and the singles \\\"A Breathtaking Guy\\\" and \\\"Run, Run, Run\\\". With the release of this album, The Supremes became the first act in\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579887\",\n \"text\": \"her 1992 album \\\"Entre a Mi Mundo\\\". Where Did the Feeling Go? \\\"Where Did the Feeling Go?\\\" is a song written by Michael Masser and Norman Saleet and first recorded by American singer Jill Michaels in 1985, and then by Russell Hitchcock (from the band Air Supply) for his eponymous debut solo album in 1988. The song found renewed interest when Selena recorded the song a year later in 1989; however, it was not released until 1997 when it was featured in the film \\\"Selena\\\" and its soundtrack album, following her death in 1995. The song was later included on\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did the Feeling Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579886\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did the Feeling Go? \\\"Where Did the Feeling Go?\\\" is a song written by Michael Masser and Norman Saleet and first recorded by American singer Jill Michaels in 1985, and then by Russell Hitchcock (from the band Air Supply) for his eponymous debut solo album in 1988. The song found renewed interest when Selena recorded the song a year later in 1989; however, it was not released until 1997 when it was featured in the film \\\"Selena\\\" and its soundtrack album, following her death in 1995. The song was later included on the \\\"20 Years of Music\\\" version of\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did the Feeling Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20392555\",\n \"text\": \"Small Business. Her private sector experience includes five years in executive positions at a technology startup company engaged in federal contracting and three years as a government contracts attorney with two D.C. law firms. After President Donald Trump took office in January 2017, Murphy was appointed to the position of White House Liaison at the General Services Administration under acting agency administrator Timothy Horne. On September 2, 2017, Murphy was nominated by the President to serve as Administrator of GSA. The Senate confirmed Murphy's appointment by unanimous consent on December 5, 2017. Emily W. Murphy Emily Webster Murphy is an\",\n \"title\": \"Emily W. Murphy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11690819\",\n \"text\": \"released as a radio-single in the United States, where the song received airplay but failed to chart due in part to no official release. The video features Liam being interviewed whilst Noel sings whilst reading a newspaper and looking at what is going on in the building opposite where he and the band are. Where Did It All Go Wrong? \\\"Where Did It All Go Wrong?\\\" is a song and single by the English rock band Oasis, originally released on their 2000 album, \\\"Standing on the Shoulder of Giants\\\". Written by guitarist Noel Gallagher, it is one of two songs\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did It All Go Wrong?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579999\",\n \"text\": \"this single did prove popular on the radio. Where Did All the Love Go? \\\"Where Did All the Love Go?\\\" is a song by English rock band Kasabian and is the second official single from their third album \\\"West Ryder Pauper Lunatic Asylum\\\". It was released on 10 August 2009. Guitarist Sergio Pizzorno explained the song's meaning to \\\"New Musical Express\\\" stating that \\\"It's sitting at home seeing another kid get stabbed, everyone is scared and going, 'What the fuck is going on?\\\" The song also speaks about the Internet, with Pizzorno elaborating in an interview with \\\"The Sun\\\" that\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did All the Love Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3226001\",\n \"text\": \"Candle\\\", she wrote: \\\"It is hardly credible that the average Chinese peddler has any definite idea in his mind of bringing about the downfall of the white race, his swaying motive being probably that of greed, but in the hands of his superiors, he may become a powerful instrument to that end.\\\" Emily Murphy was born in Cookstown, Ontario, the third child of Isaac and Emily Ferguson. Isaac Ferguson was a successful businessman and property owner. As a child, Murphy frequently joined her two older brothers Thomas and Gowan in their adventures; their father encouraged this behaviour and often had\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Murphy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11690817\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did It All Go Wrong? \\\"Where Did It All Go Wrong?\\\" is a song and single by the English rock band Oasis, originally released on their 2000 album, \\\"Standing on the Shoulder of Giants\\\". Written by guitarist Noel Gallagher, it is one of two songs on \\\"Standing on the Shoulder of Giants\\\" that features him on lead vocals. In explaining why front man Liam Gallagher did not sing the song, Noel claimed that: \\\"[Vocally] Liam just couldn't get that one. The melody shifts quite a lot... Liam hasn't got that dynamism in his voice.\\\" Noel stated that the song's\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did It All Go Wrong?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9037004\",\n \"text\": \"are mixed without hi-hat. In 1992 when the Original cast CD was released, the hi-hat was suddenly apparent in the recording. It is most likely that the hi-hat was always present in the mix, but just not loud enough to be heard. It was probably boosted in the remix and subsequent remastering. Where Did the Good Times Go? \\\"Where Did the Good Times Go?\\\" is, what is popularly termed, the \\\"big ballad\\\" or \\\"11 o'clock number\\\" from the musical \\\"Over Here!\\\", which opened on Broadway at the Shubert Theatre (Broadway) on March 6, 1974. The song is the penultimate moment\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did the Good Times Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579997\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did All the Love Go? \\\"Where Did All the Love Go?\\\" is a song by English rock band Kasabian and is the second official single from their third album \\\"West Ryder Pauper Lunatic Asylum\\\". It was released on 10 August 2009. Guitarist Sergio Pizzorno explained the song's meaning to \\\"New Musical Express\\\" stating that \\\"It's sitting at home seeing another kid get stabbed, everyone is scared and going, 'What the fuck is going on?\\\" The song also speaks about the Internet, with Pizzorno elaborating in an interview with \\\"The Sun\\\" that \\\"Kids today grow up really quickly and there's\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did All the Love Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9037003\",\n \"text\": \"Where Did the Good Times Go? \\\"Where Did the Good Times Go?\\\" is, what is popularly termed, the \\\"big ballad\\\" or \\\"11 o'clock number\\\" from the musical \\\"Over Here!\\\", which opened on Broadway at the Shubert Theatre (Broadway) on March 6, 1974. The song is the penultimate moment of drama when all seems lost toward the end of the second act. The song was somewhat successful as a single for Patty Andrews, who debuted the song in the show. The song was written by Robert B. Sherman and Richard M. Sherman. The recording on both the LP and the single\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did the Good Times Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11903015\",\n \"text\": \"was included as a B-side to the 1992 single \\\"Somewhere in America (There's a Street Named After My Dad)\\\". \\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\" was covered by the British pop duo Wham! on 14 October 1986 as one of the three B-sides to \\\"The Edge of Heaven\\\" in the UK, where it reached number 1. The song was also released separately as Wham!'s final single in several territories most notably in the US where it peaked at number 50 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 in November 1986. It was produced and re-arranged by George Michael with engineering by Chris Porter.\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15358181\",\n \"text\": \"letter\\\" formula. Mary Wilson and Florence Ballard's vocal contribution was significant in bringing a fresh yet hypnotic sexiness to the overall sound of the song while remaining true to the backup arrangements that Lamont Dozier had set down. Upon hearing the song's playback, an excited Ross rushed to Gordy's office and told him to come to the studio to listen to the song. Upon hearing playback, a satisfied Gordy nodded saying to the producers and the group that the song had potential to be a top ten hit. \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" was released as a single on June\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3226024\",\n \"text\": \"have criticized Murphy as part of the movement to discredit marijuana prohibition. It has been speculated that today's drug laws are built on the racist foundations laid by Murphy and that the drug war has harmed more women than the Persons Case has benefited. Conversely, Murphy's defenders note that she was writing at a time when white racism was typical, not exceptional, and that Murphy's views were more progressive than many of her peers. Emily Murphy's house in Edmonton, Alberta, is on the Canadian Register of Historic People and Places. She lived in this home from 1919 until her death\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Murphy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11903017\",\n \"text\": \"minute. Wham!'s recording of \\\"Where Did Your Heart Go?\\\", while structurally similar to the Was (Not Was) original, leans toward to a soft rock ballad due to changes to the tempo and vocal inflection. Michael's arrangement is more spare and reliant on synthesizers and saxophone to convey the melody. Michael's vocals are less immersed in the backing arrangement in which the bass guitar and drums are markedly quieter in the mix. His vocal is more low-key than Sweet Pea Atkinson's, except for the final line of the third verse, \\\"and drifted out of sight\\\", which is accentuated. The official music\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15358178\",\n \"text\": \"See About Me\\\", \\\"Stop! In the Name of Love\\\", and \\\"Back in My Arms Again\\\"). The song also reached number one on the \\\"Cash Box\\\" R&B singles chart. The Supremes' version is ranked #475 on \\\"Rolling Stone\\\"s 500 Greatest Songs of All Time and was selected for preservation in the National Recording Registry in 2016 due to its \\\"cultural, historic, or artistic significance.\\\" \\\"Billboard\\\" named the song #4 on its list of 100 Greatest Girl Group Songs of All Time. According to Brian Holland, \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" was written with The Supremes in mind. Though Supremes member Mary\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15358183\",\n \"text\": \"album, \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\", released later that year. A German language version of the song was recorded by the Supremes for German-speaking markets overseas. The song seemed to strike a chord in the United States, with a group which would become the most successful chart-topping American popular music group of the 1960s. The first of their American chart toppers, the song peaked just weeks after the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, critically remarked as capturing the spirit of an America reeling from the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, racial tension, increased United States involvement\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20392553\",\n \"text\": \"was an attorney. Murphy attended Villa Duchesne and Oak Hill School, where she graduated a year early in 1991. She completed her Bachelor of Arts at Smith College in 1995 and then went on to earn a law degree from the University of Virginia School of Law in 2001. After graduating from Smith College, Murphy moved to Washington, D.C., where she began her career at the Republican National Committee. She for the RNC from October 1995 to January 1997, where she served as Assistant to the Director of Administration. She then worked as a staff member for Jim Talent while\",\n \"title\": \"Emily W. Murphy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6114569\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Billboard\\\" magazine history to have three number-one hits from the same album. It was the album that introduced \\\"The Motown Sound\\\" to the masses. It was also, at the time, the highest-ranking album by an all-female group. It remained in the #2 position for 4 consecutive weeks in January 1965, shut out of the top spot by the Beatles' blockbuster \\\"Beatles '65\\\" album. \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" remained on the Billboard album chart for an unprecedented 89 weeks. According to Motown data, the album ultimately sold over 3,000,000 copies. This album was also the first ever number one album\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579998\",\n \"text\": \"too much information. News channels, the internet and social networking sites. People aren't leaving their bedrooms and it's just crazy. The things that make you most happy are quite simple. That song is looking for the romantic image of life, when people looked out for each other.\\\" According to Serge Pizzorno, the song's music video was inspired by Kenneth Anger's films like Scorpio Rising, Busby Berkeley and French cabaret. Following its release in August 2009, \\\"Where Did All the Love Go?\\\" entered the UK Singles Chart at a peak of #30. Although not as successful as the previous single \\\"\\\"Fire\\\"\\\",\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did All the Love Go?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6114570\",\n \"text\": \"on Billboard's R&B album chart in January 1965. Hip-O Select released a limited run fortieth anniversary deluxe edition of the album in 2004, which included both the mono and stereo versions of the album, as well as several outtakes, non-album tracks and a recorded live show from the Twenty Grand club in Detroit, Michigan. It sold out immediately. (see: Hip-O Select.com) They filmed performances of four of the singles from the album including \\\"Run, Run, Run\\\", \\\"When the Lovelight Starts Shining Through His Eyes\\\", \\\"Where Did Our Love Go\\\" and \\\"Baby Love\\\" for the concert film, \\\"The T.A.M.I. Show\\\" released\",\n \"title\": \"Where Did Our Love Go (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3226005\",\n \"text\": \"were left homeless and penniless. At that time, property laws did not leave the wife with any legal recourse. This case motivated Murphy to create a campaign that assured the property rights of married women. With the support of many rural women, Murphy began to pressure the Alberta government to allow women to retain the rights of their land. In 1916, Murphy successfully persuaded the Alberta legislature to pass the Dower Act that would allow a woman legal rights to one third of her husband's property. Murphy's reputation as a women's rights activist was established by this first political victory.\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Murphy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19313349\",\n \"text\": \"5th Dimension recorded \\\"Go Where You Wanna Go\\\" for their debut studio album in 1967, \\\"Up, Up and Away\\\". Johnny Rivers suggested the group cover the song. The song was the group's first single, and reached number 16 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. It also did well in Canada. It is among the group's 10 biggest hits. Go Where You Wanna Go \\\"Go Where You Wanna Go\\\" is a 1965 song written by John Phillips. It was originally recorded by The Mamas & the Papas on their LP \\\"If You Can Believe Your Eyes and Ears\\\" and given limited\",\n \"title\": \"Go Where You Wanna Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13459612\",\n \"text\": \"disco progenitors Jean-Marc Cerrone and Giorgio Moroder. \\\"Where You Go I Go Too\\\" is often classified as \\\"space disco\\\" due to these influences and because it possesses a \\\"spacey, psychedelic\\\" sound. Lindstrøm listened to the Beach Boys, the Eagles, and Kirsty MacColl while writing the album. \\\"Where You Go I Go Too\\\" debuted at No. 11 on the Norwegian music chart. The following week it fell to No. 27 before leaving the list. The record did not chart internationally. In 2009, \\\"Where You Go I Go Too\\\" received a Spellemannprisen award for \\\"best electronica album\\\". The album was well received\",\n \"title\": \"Where You Go I Go Too\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20392554\",\n \"text\": \"he served as Chair of the House Committee on Small Business from January 1997 to July 1998, before leaving to pursue a law degree. Prior to becoming Administrator of the General Services Administration, Murphy was a senior advisor to the GSA's Administrator. Murphy previously served as counsel at the United States House Committee on Armed Services, where she specialized in acquisition policy and reform. She has also held roles at the Small Business Administration and at the GSA, where she served as the agency's first Chief Acquisition Officer. Murphy served under three chairmen of the United States House Committee on\",\n \"title\": \"Emily W. Murphy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9728502\",\n \"text\": \"tomboy, and they are fast friends throughout the series. She also meets Perry Miller, the hired chore boy at New Moon, and Frederick Kent, known as Teddy, who lives nearby. \\\"Emily Climbs\\\" picks up exactly where \\\"Emily of New Moon\\\" left off. Emily is finally given permission to go to Shrewsbury High School to further her education and dream of becoming an author. Her friends Ilse, Perry and Teddy attend high school with her. Each of the central foursome has dreams toward which he or she is working: Emily to be a writer, Ilse an elocutionist, Teddy an artist and\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Byrd Starr\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15832704\",\n \"text\": \"adequate linguistic competence and research methodology ... and her major arguments cannot withstand close scrutiny. Her conclusion fails to consider all the evidence supporting Marco Polo's credibility.\\\" Did Marco Polo Go to China? Did Marco Polo Go to China? is a 1995 book, by Frances Wood, arguing that Italian explorer Marco Polo never visited China but travelled no further than Persia and that he based his description of China on accounts from Persian travelers. The book notes that Polo failed to mention the Great Wall, the use of chopsticks as eating utensils, tea, foot-binding, Chinese calligraphy or other significant features\",\n \"title\": \"Did Marco Polo Go to China?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15832699\",\n \"text\": \"Did Marco Polo Go to China? Did Marco Polo Go to China? is a 1995 book, by Frances Wood, arguing that Italian explorer Marco Polo never visited China but travelled no further than Persia and that he based his description of China on accounts from Persian travelers. The book notes that Polo failed to mention the Great Wall, the use of chopsticks as eating utensils, tea, foot-binding, Chinese calligraphy or other significant features and that there are no Chinese records of Polo's presence. Thus it is a typical example of an argument from silence. Some archeologists have pointed to inconsistencies\",\n \"title\": \"Did Marco Polo Go to China?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3226004\",\n \"text\": \"At the age of 40, when her children became independent and began their separate lives, Murphy began to actively organize women's groups where the isolated housewives could meet and discuss ideas and plan group projects. In addition to these organizations, Murphy began to speak openly and frankly about the disadvantaged and the poor living conditions that surrounded their society. Her strong interest in the rights and protection of women and children intensified when she was made aware of an unjust experience of an Albertan woman whose husband sold the family farm; the husband then abandoned his wife and children who\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Murphy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16168775\",\n \"text\": \"her. Victoria double-crosses the white-haired man (Gordon Murphy), who was helping her and Charlotte to disappear, causing him to seek out Emily for assistance. She asks for information about her mother, but Murphy attempts to kill her again. He is killed by Emily's ex-lover Aiden Mathis before she can learn more. Kara eventually resurfaces, but recognizes Amanda, not Emily as her daughter. Mason Treadwell also returns, and discovers the truth about Amanda Clarke only to be framed by Emily for Gordon Murphy's death. They strike a deal in which he will take the fall until Emily finishes her revenge, in\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Thorne\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17615360\",\n \"text\": \"4, 2015, Pittsburgh Steelers released wide receiver Murphy upon promoting cornerback Doran Grant to their active roster. On January 26, 2016, Murphy signed a futures contract with the Miami Dolphins. On August 6, 2016, Murphy reached an injury settlement with the Miami Dolphins. He is now a free agent. Tyler Murphy Tyler Murphy (born January 12, 1992) is an American football quarterback for the Orlando Apollos of the Alliance of American Football (AAF). He played college football at Florida and Boston College. Murphy attended Wethersfield High School, where he was a two-sport star in football and track. He did not\",\n \"title\": \"Tyler Murphy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11007022\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Alpine path\\\" to be a female writer. \\\"The Flash\\\" is an extraordinary experience common to both Montgomery and Emily, but not shared with Anne Shirley. Emily Byrd Starr longs to attend Queen's Academy to earn her teaching license, but her tradition-bound relatives at New Moon refuse. She is instead offered the chance to go to Shrewsbury High School with her friends, on two conditions. The first is that she board with her disliked Aunt Ruth, but it is the second that causes Emily difficulties. Emily must not write a word during her high-school education. At first, Emily refuses the offer,\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Climbs\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12943993\",\n \"text\": \"telling her \\\"you're not gay, you're just stupid\\\". Unknown to Emily, Katie later confronts Naomi after Emily comes out to her parents, telling her to stay away from Emily, telling Naomi that Emily slept with JJ while she and Naomi were having problems; thus causing Emily and Naomi to fight. This enables Emily and Katie to go to the school ball with JJ and Freddie (respectively). Eventually, Naomi shows up at the ball, angry at Emily for not telling her about JJ. Emily later overhears Naomi and Katie arguing, and pulls Katie away, both fighting each other. Emily gains the\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Fitch\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18771486\",\n \"text\": \"The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray on February 21, 2012. Unearthed Films handles the home video distribution. The film has yet to be released on streaming services. \\\"Where the Dead Go to Die\\\" was panned by many viewers and Internet animation critics, criticizing its three stories, animation, characters, voice acting, writing, use of music, and incredibly dark content, such as eating fetuses, genital mutilation, bestiality, and necrophilia. It was however reviewed well in many horror publications, such as Rue Morgue, DVDtalk, and horrornews. Where the Dead Go to Die Where the Dead Go to Die is a 2012\",\n \"title\": \"Where the Dead Go to Die\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15844726\",\n \"text\": \"let go of her feelings for Alison. Emily was a former student at Rosewood High School in Rosewood, Pennsylvania, a star and a non-competitive swimmer. A year prior to the start of the series, Emily had been best friends with Alison DiLaurentis (Sasha Pieterse), a cruel popular girl who went missing one day. At the beginning of the school year, Emily befriends a girl named Maya St. Germain (Bianca Lawson), her new next-door neighbor whose family has moved into the old DiLaurentis house. Emily and Maya instantly bond, and the next day they kiss when Emily walks her home. With\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Fields\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12202412\",\n \"text\": \"That Is Where I'll Go \\\"That Is Where I'll Go\\\" is the debut single from singer Sibel Redžep. The song, written by Christian Antblad with strings from the Scandinavian Strings Orchestra, was Sibel Redžep's entry in Melodifestivalen 2008, the Swedish national contest which decides their Eurovision entry. The song did not win but did advance to the grand final. On 27 April 2008, the song was tested for Svensktoppen, but failed to enter. The single was released on 5 March 2008. It stayed on the official Swedish charts for a total of nine weeks, from 13 March to 8 May\",\n \"title\": \"That Is Where I'll Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12202413\",\n \"text\": \"2008, peaking at number six on April 3. That Is Where I'll Go \\\"That Is Where I'll Go\\\" is the debut single from singer Sibel Redžep. The song, written by Christian Antblad with strings from the Scandinavian Strings Orchestra, was Sibel Redžep's entry in Melodifestivalen 2008, the Swedish national contest which decides their Eurovision entry. The song did not win but did advance to the grand final. On 27 April 2008, the song was tested for Svensktoppen, but failed to enter. The single was released on 5 March 2008. It stayed on the official Swedish charts for a total of\",\n \"title\": \"That Is Where I'll Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19169891\",\n \"text\": \"use a chat client to talk with \\\"emilyluv\\\", \\\"emerly\\\", or Emily. They discuss high school and a fellow student, Brad, who keeps sending Emily messages. They also talk about a party that a classmate Travis is throwing that evening, which they may or may not go to, depending on player choices. Then they say goodbye as Emily logs off. In their first year of college (2003), the player talks to Emily again, who has gotten together with Brad or Travis (depending on if the player chose to go to the party or not), though she hints that the relationship has\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Is Away\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3226012\",\n \"text\": \"election, Murphy was denied to chance to sit in the Senate again in 1931, because the vacancy had been caused by the death of a Catholic senator, and Murphy was a Protestant. Murphy would die in 1935 without fulfilling her dream of sitting in Canada's upper chamber. The women were known as the Famous Five and were considered leaders in education for social reform and women's rights. They challenged convention and established an important precedent in Canadian history. In Canada's Senate Chamber, the five women are honoured with a plaque that reads, \\\"To further the cause of womankind these five\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Murphy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15069300\",\n \"text\": \"Where Do We Go Now? Where Do We Go Now? ( , ) is a 2011 film by Lebanese director Nadine Labaki. The film premiered during the 2011 Cannes Film Festival as part of Un Certain Regard . The film was selected to represent Lebanon for the 84th Academy Awards, but it did not make the final shortlist. The film won the People's Choice Award at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival. \\\"Where Do We Go Now?\\\" tells the story of a remote, isolated unnamed Lebanese village inhabited by both Muslims and Christians. The village is surrounded by land mines\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do We Go Now?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19313348\",\n \"text\": \"Go Where You Wanna Go \\\"Go Where You Wanna Go\\\" is a 1965 song written by John Phillips. It was originally recorded by The Mamas & the Papas on their LP \\\"If You Can Believe Your Eyes and Ears\\\" and given limited release as a single. However, the record was withdrawn and its B-side reassigned to \\\"California Dreamin'.\\\" \\\"Go Where You Wanna Go\\\" was later made into a hit by The 5th Dimension. P.F. Sloan played guitar on the song. John Phillips said that he wrote it about Michelle Phillips' affair with Russ Titelman, a songwriter and record producer. The\",\n \"title\": \"Go Where You Wanna Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13832719\",\n \"text\": \"Go to School\\\", after pestering his parents to stay home from school, because if he did he would write a song. Subsequently, Nat wrote the song and then he was sent to school anyway. The band began recording their new album in mid-2007. The songs were recorded for the second season of \\\"The Naked Brothers Band\\\" television series. Recording took as short as three months, which ended in October 2007. The album was slated for an April 2008 release, just five months after their debut album, \\\"The Naked Brothers Band\\\". Nat and Alex released two versions, the normal album and\",\n \"title\": \"I Don't Want to Go to School\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7113543\",\n \"text\": \"magazine. On December 25, 2012, Murphy High School was hit directly by an EF2 wedge tornado, which caused significant damage to the campus. Students and faculty were relocated. They finished the remainder of the 2012 school year at the former Shaw High School in west Mobile while the Murphy campus was rebuilt. On August 19, the renovated storm-damaged high school campus reopened. Murphy has 14 Advanced Placement courses, the International Baccalaureate program, and the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme. Murphy High School (Alabama) Murphy High School, in Mobile, Alabama, is a public high school operated by the Mobile County Public School\",\n \"title\": \"Murphy High School (Alabama)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17615352\",\n \"text\": \"Tyler Murphy Tyler Murphy (born January 12, 1992) is an American football quarterback for the Orlando Apollos of the Alliance of American Football (AAF). He played college football at Florida and Boston College. Murphy attended Wethersfield High School, where he was a two-sport star in football and track. He did not have a very good junior season and was not on the radar for any Division I colleges. His senior year, he had a breakout year and threw for over 1,000 yards and rushed for over 1,000 yards. Also a standout track & field athlete, Murphy was one of the\",\n \"title\": \"Tyler Murphy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15844719\",\n \"text\": \"outs Emily to the whole school, her parents force her to go to Tree Tops, a \\\"de-gaying\\\" rehabilitation center. Failing that, Emily is shipped off to Iowa to live with relatives; deeply unhappy there, she runs away. Her parents ask her to come home, stating that they will learn to accept Emily for who she is. Emily comes to discover that she's actually bisexual, when she falls for and eventually sleeps with a boy named Isaac Colbert. Although they break up soon after, Emily learns she's pregnant and secretly gives the baby up for adoption during summer break. As a\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Fields\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10622986\",\n \"text\": \"Emily Carr Secondary School Emily Carr Secondary School is a high school in Woodbridge, Ontario, Canada, part of the city of Vaughan. It is administered by the York Region District School Board. Most students from this high school come from the schools near the area. For example, Fossil Hill Public School, Elders Mills Public School, Vellore Woods Public School, Lorna Jackson Public School, Pierre Berton Public School, Saint Stephen's Catholic Elementary School and a few more. Emily Carr Secondary School features classes in The Arts, Business, Law, Geography, History, English, French, Italian, English as a Second Language, Physical Education, Mathematics,\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Carr Secondary School\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8938402\",\n \"text\": \"Archbishop Murphy High School Archbishop Thomas J. Murphy High School is a co-educational private Catholic college-preparatory high school located in Everett, Washington, United States. Founded as Holy Cross High School in 1988 at the old site of Our Lady Of Perpetual Help grade school. Holy Cross was renamed Archbishop Murphy High School in 1999 and in October moved to its present location. The school serves students grades nine through twelve and enrollment has increased from 23 students in 1988 to approximately 450 for Fall 2012. Since 2004, Archbishop Murphy has been classified as a 2A school by the WIAA. In\",\n \"title\": \"Archbishop Murphy High School\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1786489\",\n \"text\": \"Emily O'Reilly Emily O'Reilly is an author and former journalist and broadcaster who became Ireland's first female Ombudsman in 2003, succeeding Kevin Murphy. On 3 July 2013, she was voted European Ombudsman by the European Parliament. She was re-elected on 16 December 2014 for a mandate of five years. She was educated at University College Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin, and Harvard University, where she was awarded a Nieman Fellowship in journalism. She began her career as a journalist in the 1970s. Since then, she has held senior positions with \\\"The Irish Press\\\" and the \\\"Sunday Tribune\\\", as well as serving\",\n \"title\": \"Emily O'Reilly\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17382251\",\n \"text\": \"Down In the Ground Where the Dead Men Go \\\"Down In the Ground Where the Dead Men Go\\\" is the second episode of the first season of the American science fiction series \\\"Defiance\\\", and the series' second episode overall. It was aired on April 22, 2013. The episode was written by Kevin Murphy & Anupam Nigam. It was directed by Michael Nankin. Elah Bandik (Robert Clarke), the Castithan who fled the battle in the pilot episode, is accused of cowardice by Datak Tarr (Tony Curran) and must undergo a \\\"cleansing\\\" ceremony which is actually ritual torture and execution. Nolan (Grant\",\n \"title\": \"Down In the Ground Where the Dead Men Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18771485\",\n \"text\": \"Where the Dead Go to Die Where the Dead Go to Die is a 2012 American computer-animated anthology horror crime drama written, directed, composed, edited, and animated by James \\\"Jimmy ScreamerClauz\\\" Creamer. The film revolves around a group of kids living on the same block. The kids named Tommy, Sofia, and Ralph are being haunted by a talking, black, red-eyed dog named Labby, who takes them on a hellish ride through dimensions and time periods. The first segment is called \\\"Tainted Milk\\\", the second is called \\\"Liquid Memories\\\", and the last segment is called \\\"The Mask That the Monsters Wear\\\".\",\n \"title\": \"Where the Dead Go to Die\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18626475\",\n \"text\": \"Rosie L. Go-Murphy, and a United States-born father, Richard Cornelius Murphy Jr. His parents are both government employees in California. On his mother's side, he is of Filipino descent, and on his father's side, he has Irish, Scottish, and English ancestry. His mother grew up in the Philippines, and emigrated to the United States. Murphy grew up in Berkeley, California and was educated at the School of the Madeleine, a private Roman Catholic grade school there. He received his secondary education at Saint Mary's College High School, also a private Catholic high school in Berkeley. Murphy graduated in 2010 from\",\n \"title\": \"Bobby Murphy (businessman)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9478107\",\n \"text\": \"enlisted Murphy for the Australian mission. Murphy arrived in Sydney in July 1838. Two years later, in November 1840, when Bishop Polding left Sydney on a visit to Europe, Murphy was appointed vicar-general of the diocese during the bishop's absence. On 8 September 1844 Murphy was consecrated first bishop of Adelaide at St Mary's Cathedral, Sydney. In the following month went to Adelaide, calling in at Port Phillip where he officiated at the first Pontifical High Mass celebrated in Melbourne. When Murphy began his work in Adelaide, he did not have a church, school or presbytery; and only one priest\",\n \"title\": \"Francis Murphy (Australian bishop)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14266651\",\n \"text\": \"Emily has a falling out with her mother and decides to move out. Katie begs her to stay but Emily still leaves. Emily moves in with Naomi and they seem to have put everything behind them. However, when they go to a party later on, Emily becomes suspicious again when Naomi starts talking to other girls. Cook sees Effy and Freddie kissing at the party and takes his anger out on a fellow party-goer and ends up headbutting JJ also. At dawn, Emily takes Sophia's wooden box and goes back to the club where Sophia died to meet Sophia's brother,\",\n \"title\": \"Emily (Skins)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8938403\",\n \"text\": \"the 2016 football season, 5 schools from the Cascade Conference forfeited league football games against the Archbishop Murphy High School Wildcats, citing depth concerns, fear of injury, and competitive imbalance. Archbishop Murphy went on to win their first 2A state football championship in December. The following courses can generate college credit: Archbishop Murphy High School Archbishop Thomas J. Murphy High School is a co-educational private Catholic college-preparatory high school located in Everett, Washington, United States. Founded as Holy Cross High School in 1988 at the old site of Our Lady Of Perpetual Help grade school. Holy Cross was renamed Archbishop\",\n \"title\": \"Archbishop Murphy High School\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7742303\",\n \"text\": \"Tommy Murphy (baseball) Thomas Christian Murphy (born August 27, 1979) is a former Major League Baseball outfielder. Murphy was a 1997 graduate of Charlotte High School in Punta Gorda, Florida. He is also an alumnus of Florida Atlantic University, where he played baseball for the Owls under head coach Kevin Cooney. Murphy was originally drafted by the Arizona Diamondbacks in the 50th round (1,427th overall) of the Major League Baseball draft; he did not sign with them, however. He was drafted again in , this time by the Anaheim Angels in the 3rd round as the 80th overall pick. He\",\n \"title\": \"Tommy Murphy (baseball)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15832701\",\n \"text\": \"claims that the \\\"History of Yuan\\\" mentions Giovanni de Marignolli by name even though it mentions only the tributary gift that he brought to the Yuan court, a large impressive war horse given by the \\\"Franks\\\" (\\\"Fulang\\\") of Europe. The historian David Morgan also points out basic errors made such as confusing the Liao dynasty with the Jin dynasty, and he found no compelling evidence in the book that would convince him that Marco Polo did not go to China. Haw also argues in his book \\\"Marco Polo's China\\\" that Marco's account is much more correct and accurate than has\",\n \"title\": \"Did Marco Polo Go to China?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13459605\",\n \"text\": \"Where You Go I Go Too Where You Go I Go Too is the first studio album by Norwegian electronica artist Hans-Peter Lindstrøm. It was first released in the United Kingdom on August 18, 2008 and was subsequently released the next day in the United States. The album comprises three tracks, roughly 30, 10, and 15 minutes in length. \\\"Where You Go I Go Too\\\" is usually labeled \\\"space disco\\\" due to its \\\"spacey, psychedelic\\\" feel and four-to-the-floor beats. Production of the album followed the 2006 release of \\\"It's a Feedelity Affair\\\", a compilation of singles. Lindstrøm had become dissatisfied\",\n \"title\": \"Where You Go I Go Too\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7900349\",\n \"text\": \"Emily Hamilton Emily Miranda Hamilton (née Beevers; born 24 May 1971) is a British actress. Hamilton's notable roles include: Emily Hamilton was born Emily Miranda Beevers in Hammersmith, London and grew up with her mother in Ealing, west London, where she attended Notting Hill and Ealing High School GDST. While at school, she appeared in a regular photo story for teen magazine 'Jackie'. She was originally planning to study at St Andrew's University, but after achieving better-than-expected A'Level results, she took a year out and re-applied to Wadham College, University of Oxford, where she won a place to study English\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Hamilton\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11220958\",\n \"text\": \"flee the scene. Filmed on November 15–18, 1938, the title \\\"A Ducking They Did Go\\\" is a play on the old children's song \\\"A-Hunting We Will Go.\\\" The closing shot of the Stooges leaping over a bush, and landing on a trio of bucking steers was recycled from the end of 1936's \\\"A Pain in the Pullman\\\". A Ducking They Did Go A Ducking They Did Go is the 38th short film released by Columbia Pictures in 1939 starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges (Moe Howard, Larry Fine and Curly Howard). The comedians released 190 short films for\",\n \"title\": \"A Ducking They Did Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5486407\",\n \"text\": \"Where Do Broken Hearts Go \\\"Where Do Broken Hearts Go\\\" is the fourth single from Whitney Houston's second album, \\\"Whitney\\\". The ballad was released on February 25, 1988. The song was written by Frank Wildhorn and Chuck Jackson and produced by Narada Michael Walden. Wildhorn approached Jackson about the opportunity to write for Whitney Houston. Jackson came up with the title, and Wildhorn completed the music and lyrics for the song. Smokey Robinson originally wanted to record the song; however, Wildhorn and Jackson held the song for Houston. Initially, Houston did not want to record the song, feeling there was\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do Broken Hearts Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3226021\",\n \"text\": \"continued to develop, Murphy, who was a pacifist, theorized that the only reason for war was that nations needed to fight for land to accommodate their growing populations. Her argument was that: if there was population control, people would not need as much land. Without the constant need for more land, war would cease to exist. Her solution to these social issues was eugenics. Murphy supported selective breeding and the compulsory sterilization of those individuals who were considered mentally deficient. She believed that the mentally and socially inferior reproduced more than the \\\"human thoroughbreds\\\" and appealed to the Alberta Legislative\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Murphy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3226009\",\n \"text\": \"of Women and the Montreal Women's Club also supported the resolution, selecting Murphy as their preferred candidate. Murphy began to work on a plan to ask for clarification of how women were regarded in the BNA act and how they were to become Senators. In order for her question to be considered, she needed at least five citizens to submit the question as a group. She enlisted the help of four other Albertan women and on 27 August 1927 she and human rights activist Nellie McClung, ex MLA Louise McKinney, women's rights campaigners Henrietta Edwards and Irene Parlby signed the\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Murphy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3226006\",\n \"text\": \"Murphy's success in the fight for the Dower Act, along with her work through the Local Council of Women and her increasing awareness of women's rights, influenced her request for a female magistrate in the women's court. In 1916, Murphy, along with a group of women, attempted to observe a trial for women who were prostitutes and were arrested for \\\"questionable\\\" circumstances. The women were asked to leave the courtroom on the claims that the statement was not \\\"fit for mixed company\\\". This outcome was unacceptable to Murphy and she protested to the provincial Attorney General. \\\"If the evidence is\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Murphy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11976762\",\n \"text\": \"he looks miserable. Emily takes the rabbit and goes home, but before that she gives the golden teddy bear to the sad Queen and tells her to do everything with that bear, to go on adventures and sleep with him at night, until he becomes real. A while later, Emily gets a letter from the Queen that says \\\"Thank you\\\" and has a picture of the Queen holding her smiling bear. That Rabbit Belongs to Emily Brown That Rabbit Belongs to Emily Brown is a children's picture book written by Cressida Cowell and illustrated by Neal Layton, published in 2006.\",\n \"title\": \"That Rabbit Belongs to Emily Brown\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3226013\",\n \"text\": \"outstanding pioneer women caused steps to be taken resulting in the recognition by the Privy Council of women as persons eligible for appointment to the Senate of Canada.\\\" Murphy, along with the rest of the Famous Five, was featured on the back of one of the Canadian 50 dollar bills issued in 2004 as part of the Canadian Journey Series. In October 2009, the Senate voted to name Murphy and the rest of the Five Canada's first \\\"honorary senators\\\". Although Murphy's views on race changed over the course of her life, the perspective contained in her book \\\"The Black Candle\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Murphy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3226011\",\n \"text\": \"Britain. On 18 October 1929, in a decision called Edwards v. Canada (Attorney General), the Privy Council declared that 'persons' in Section 24 of the BNA Act of 1867 should be interpreted to include both males and females therefore women were eligible to serve in the Senate. Despite the ruling, Murphy was never appointed to the Senate. The Prime Minister at the time, William Lyon Mackenzie King, was a Liberal, and Murphy was a partisan Conservative, so she was passed over in favour of philanthropist Cairine Wilson in 1930. After the Conservatives under R. B. Bennett won the 1930 federal\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Murphy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20030086\",\n \"text\": \"stars out of a possible five stating that the album was \\\"great\\\" for \\\"worship leaders or any body who loves new, fresh worship music.\\\" Adapted from AllMusic. Where You Go I Go Where You Go I Go is the third live album by American Christian worship duo Brian & Jenn Johnson. The album was released on September 30, 2008 by ION Records. Jeremy Edwardson and Brian Johnson worked together on the production of the album. The album was recorded live at Bethel Church in Redding, California. In a review for Cross Rhythms, Adrian Cherrill bestowed the album eight squares out\",\n \"title\": \"Where You Go I Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20030085\",\n \"text\": \"Where You Go I Go Where You Go I Go is the third live album by American Christian worship duo Brian & Jenn Johnson. The album was released on September 30, 2008 by ION Records. Jeremy Edwardson and Brian Johnson worked together on the production of the album. The album was recorded live at Bethel Church in Redding, California. In a review for Cross Rhythms, Adrian Cherrill bestowed the album eight squares out of ten, saying \\\"Lyrically strong and excellently played, the whole album exudes a powerful worship atmosphere.\\\" Justin K of NewReleaseToday rated the album four and a half\",\n \"title\": \"Where You Go I Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15705521\",\n \"text\": \"Where You Came From\\\"'s viewing figures made it the highest-rating programme for SBS in 2011. An estimated 524,000 metropolitan viewers watched the first episode, followed by 569,000 for the second and 600,000 for the third. The broadcaster subsequently held a televised forum event to reflect on the series and the public debate about asylum seekers. Episode 1 Episode 2 Episode 3 Episode 1 Episode 2 Episode 3 The series has had international versions after the concept was sold to the following countries: Go Back to Where You Came From Go Back To Where You Came From is a Logie Award-winning\",\n \"title\": \"Go Back to Where You Came From\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7514570\",\n \"text\": \"Jennifer Murphy Jennifer Murphy (born March 19, 1979) is an American actress, YouTube personality (JenniferMurphyGoGirl), entrepreneur, and motivational speaker. Murphy is former Miss Oregon USA 2004 beauty queen and top-ten finalist at Miss USA 2004. Jennifer Murphy was born on March 19, 1979 in Medford, Oregon. Murphy grew up in Rogue River, southern Oregon, with her eleven siblings (she is the second oldest among her five sisters and six brothers). She was partially home schooled but also attended Seton High School, from which she graduated in 1996. Murphy is a co-owner of Viral Video Media Group and CEO of Go\",\n \"title\": \"Jennifer Murphy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7113541\",\n \"text\": \"the workers did not want to change the name of the yearbook. They agreed to shorten the name to \\\"Mohian\\\", a shortened version of \\\"Mo\\\"bile \\\"Hi\\\"gh \\\"An\\\"nual. The school was desegregated in 1963 when three African American students brought a case against the Mobile County School Board for being denied admission to the then all-white school. The court ordered that the three students be admitted to Murphy for the 1964 school year. By the fall of 1970, following stringent desegregation efforts in Alabama, 1,500 of the school's 2,140 students were African American. At the same time, the school had 34\",\n \"title\": \"Murphy High School (Alabama)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"123699\",\n \"text\": \"teacher, but suffered from extreme homesickness and left after only a few months. Charlotte wrote later that \\\"Liberty was the breath of Emily's nostrils; without it she perished. The change from her own home to a school and from her own very noiseless, very secluded but unrestricted and unartificial mode of life, to one of disciplined routine (though under the kindest auspices), was what she failed in enduring... I felt in my heart she would die, if she did not go home, and with this conviction obtained her recall.\\\" Emily returned home and Anne took her place. At this time,\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Brontë\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7113540\",\n \"text\": \"their proposed high school complex. The cornerstone of the school was laid on 14 December 1925, and on 26 April 1926, Mobile High School opened. Construction costs totaled $850,000 for the first six buildings with an additional $200,000 spent on the gymnasium and the indoor pool installed in 1930. Two years after its opening the school's name was changed to Murphy High School in honor of Samuel Silenus Murphy, MCPSS superintendent from 1900 to 1926. While still called Mobile High School, the yearbook had been called the \\\"Mobile High Annual\\\". At the change of the name to Murphy High School,\",\n \"title\": \"Murphy High School (Alabama)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18295778\",\n \"text\": \"the situation in Haiti was improving. But other NGO employees, like Julie Schindall from Oxfam America and Barth A. Green from Project Medishare, expressed that they were still in need of funds and resources from these larger NGOs to maintain their services. Part 4: Infrastructure, Communication, and Hurricanes While Michele was in Haiti, a hurricane was expected to hit the island. The government as well as NGOs encouraged Haitians living in the camps to evacuate. They expressed that they had nowhere else to go, and refused to move, preferring instead to wait out the storm in their tents. Following the\",\n \"title\": \"Haiti: Where Did the Money Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19552911\",\n \"text\": \"A file revealing the accident about the dolls is then shown and the man reading the story is hinted to be the pizza delivery man from the first game, who suggests that he should \\\"go back to that house\\\", hinting towards a sequel. As the credits roll, Emily and her dolls are seen facing a tall figure (presumably the entity mentioned in the newspapers), saying that it won't let her out anymore and now \\\"they are one\\\". The developer, Shawn Hitchcock, announced that he will be releasing \\\"Emily Wants To Play\\\" on PlayStation 4 and Xbox One, creating a VR\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Wants to Play\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13566922\",\n \"text\": \"Freddie that he had sex with her, and Freddie inadvertently tells Katie, who was unaware of this. She guilts Freddie into accompanying her to the ball and volunteers Emily to go with JJ. Later, she is furious with Emily for having sex with JJ without her permission, still insisting that Emily is \\\"not gay, [just] stupid\\\". Katie intercepts one of Naomi's phone calls to Emily and tricks Naomi into meeting with her, where she reveals Emily's affair with JJ and warns Naomi not to come to the ball. As Katie, Emily, Freddie and JJ prepare to enter the ball, Naomi\",\n \"title\": \"Katie and Emily\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5944971\",\n \"text\": \"Emily and Homer from marrying; however, they are later sent back home so that the two can be wed. There seems to be some type of dispute between Emily and the cousins, indicated by them living far away from Emily and the fact that they did not go to Emily’s father’s funeral. Tobe - Emily's cook/gardener, who is also very likely her secret keeper. During the years of Emily's isolation, he provides no details of her life to the townspeople and promptly disappears directly following her death. He became old and stooped from all of his work while Emily grew\",\n \"title\": \"A Rose for Emily\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11766687\",\n \"text\": \"called \\\"Irish Goodbye\\\". Murphy was raised Jewish by her mother, but did not have a bat mitzvah. She attended a Catholic high school. Actor Writer/Producer Appearances Consultant only 1 episode each, except where noted Morgan Murphy (comedian) Morgan Murphy (born October 23, 1981) is an American stand-up comic, comedy writer, and actress. She has performed in the Comedians of Comedy tour and appeared in the \\\"Comedians of Comedy: Live at the Troubador\\\" DVD. Bobcat Goldthwait cast her in the films \\\"Sleeping Dogs Lie\\\" and \\\"World's Greatest Dad\\\". She has also been a featured performer for all three years of Aimee\",\n \"title\": \"Morgan Murphy (comedian)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19552903\",\n \"text\": \"the pizza man walks in, the door is closed and locked behind him. During his stay in the house, the pizza man encounters Emily and three living dolls named Kiki, Mr. Tatters, and Chester. They want to play variations of children's games with him such as peek-a-boo, red light green light, tag, and hide-and-seek. A whiteboard in the kitchen tells the opposite of what he has to do to survive. If the pizza man plays these games correctly and survives from 11 p.m. to 6 a.m., Emily and the dolls will let him go free. When the pizza man finally\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Wants to Play\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10622987\",\n \"text\": \"Science, Social Sciences and Humanities, Special Education, Technologies, and Alternate Education. ECSS offers a number of sport programs to its students. ECSS has a selection of clubs and activities (lunch and after-school) for its students. Emily Carr Secondary School Emily Carr Secondary School is a high school in Woodbridge, Ontario, Canada, part of the city of Vaughan. It is administered by the York Region District School Board. Most students from this high school come from the schools near the area. For example, Fossil Hill Public School, Elders Mills Public School, Vellore Woods Public School, Lorna Jackson Public School, Pierre Berton\",\n \"title\": \"Emily Carr Secondary School\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3987797\",\n \"text\": \"were working on a further sequel, \\\"Farewell Marie-Claire,\\\" in which the story was brought to a conclusion. The song was to feature the same waltz feel as the original. But Sarstedt's retirement from the music industry meant that the track was abandoned. Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)? \\\"Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)?\\\" is a song by the British singer–songwriter Peter Sarstedt. Its recording was produced by Ray Singer, engineered by John Mackswith at Lansdowne Recording Studios and released in 1969. It was a number-one 1 hit in the UK Singles Chart for four weeks in 1969,\",\n \"title\": \"Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15705518\",\n \"text\": \"Go Back to Where You Came From Go Back To Where You Came From is a Logie Award-winning Australian TV documentary series, produced by Cordell Jigsaw Productions and broadcast in 2011 (Season 1), 2012 (Season 2) and 2015 (Season 3) on SBS. The series followed two parties, each of six Australians, all members having differing opinions on Australia's asylum seeker debate, being taken on a journey in reverse to that which refugees have taken to reach Australia. The six Australian participants were Gleny Rae, Adam Hartup, Raquel Moore, Darren Hassan, Raye Colbey, and Roderick Schneider. Deprived of their wallets, phones\",\n \"title\": \"Go Back to Where You Came From\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12498147\",\n \"text\": \"Where do you want to go today? “Where do you want to go today?” was the title of Microsoft’s 2nd global image advertising campaign. The broadcast, print and outdoor advertising campaign was launched in November 1994 through the advertising agency Wieden+Kennedy, the firm best known for its work on behalf of Nike, Inc. The campaign, which \\\"The New York Times\\\" described as taking “a winsome, humanistic approach to demystifying technology”, had Microsoft spending $100 million through July 1995, of which $25 million would be spent during the holiday shopping season ending in December 1994. Tony Kaye directed a series of\",\n \"title\": \"Where do you want to go today?\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["bishop strachan school"],"string":"[\n \"bishop strachan school\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":592,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"what are the major religions in russia?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"6372003","text":"forefathers\" were the third-largest religious group after Christianity and Islam, with 1,700,000 believers or 1.2% of the total population of Russia in 2012. These religions are protected under the 1997 law, whose commentary specifies that \"other religions and creeds which constitute an inseparable part of the historical heritage of Russia's peoples\" also applies to \"ancient Pagan cults, which have been preserved or are being revived\". Tengrism is a term which encompasses the traditional ethnic and [[shamanism|shamanic]] religions of the [[Turkic peoples|Turkic]] and [[Mongol]]ic peoples, and modern movements reviving them in Russia. Paganism in Russia is primarily represented by the revival","title":"Religion in Russia"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6372003\",\n \"text\": \"forefathers\\\" were the third-largest religious group after Christianity and Islam, with 1,700,000 believers or 1.2% of the total population of Russia in 2012. These religions are protected under the 1997 law, whose commentary specifies that \\\"other religions and creeds which constitute an inseparable part of the historical heritage of Russia's peoples\\\" also applies to \\\"ancient Pagan cults, which have been preserved or are being revived\\\". Tengrism is a term which encompasses the traditional ethnic and [[shamanism|shamanic]] religions of the [[Turkic peoples|Turkic]] and [[Mongol]]ic peoples, and modern movements reviving them in Russia. Paganism in Russia is primarily represented by the revival\",\n \"title\": \"Religion in Russia\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"14702119","text":"most editors tended to consider \"All Religions are One\" as later than \"There is No Natural Religion\". For example, in his 1905 book \"The poetical works of William Blake; a new and verbatim text from the manuscript engraved and letterpress originals\", John Sampson places \"No Natural Religion\" prior to \"All Religions\" in his 'Appendix to the Prophetic Books'. However, in 1971, Geoffrey Keynes argued that \"All Religions are One\" was the earlier of the two, based on what he saw as its \"greater technical imperfection.\" In his 1978 book, \"The Complete Graphic Works of William Blake\", David Bindman initially disagreed","title":"All Religions are One"},{"psg_id":"14702127","text":"and in the Bible itself.\" Also concentrating on the refutation of deism, Alicia Ostriker refers to the series as a \"mockery of rationalism and an insistence on Man's potential infinitude.\" S. Foster Damon suggests that what Blake has done in \"All Religions are One\" is \"dethroned reason from its ancient place as the supreme faculty of man, replacing it with the Imagination.\" Damon also argues that \"Blake had completed his revolutionary theory of the nature of Man and proclaimed the unity of all true religions.\" Harold Bloom reaches much the same conclusion, suggesting that Blake is arguing for the \"primacy","title":"All Religions are One"},{"psg_id":"14702132","text":"Jacob Bryant, Paul Henri Mallet, and perhaps other founders of what has become the comparative study of religion, to argue for the existence of a universal and supra-rational 'Poetic Genius' that expresses itself through the shared (though ever various) forms of all religions.\" In relation to his later work, Northrop Frye sees \"All Religions are One\" and \"There is No Natural Religion\" as forming a fundamental statement of intent for Blake, a kind of pre-emptive outline of his future work, \"a summarised statement of the doctrines of the engraved canon.\" Similarly, Eaves, Essick and Viscomi state that they \"contain some","title":"All Religions are One"},{"psg_id":"14702125","text":"of every individual\", and so too are all religions, which are merely expressions of the Poetic Genius; \"the Religions of all Nations are derived from each Nations different reception of the Poetic Genius which is everywhere call'd the Spirit of Prophecy,\" again emphasising the theological character of the Poetic Genius. Even the Bible originates with the Poetic Genius; \"The Jewish & Christian Testaments are An original derivation from the Poetic Genius.\" Thus, as all Men are alike in their Poetic Genius, and as all religions originate with the Poetic Genius, so too must all religions be alike, thus all religions","title":"All Religions are One"},{"psg_id":"4221953","text":"reincarnation, because this is not typically regarded as a Christian doctrine, and yet there are Christians who profess a belief in reincarnation. A fourth criticism is that in choosing to focus attention on the \"major\" religions, it makes a value judgement as to what constitutes \"major\" and what does not. Many scholars of religion have resisted efforts to challenge the paradigm, and as of 2016 was reported as still being widespread in university introductory courses to the study of religion. Many instructors feel that explaining the critique of the world religions paradigm to undergraduate students would be difficult, as the","title":"World religions"},{"psg_id":"6371981","text":"misused to deliberately inflate the prevalence of certain religions, especially the larger ones, for political aims. For instance, Islamic and Orthodox leaders routinely claim that their religions have respectively 20 million and 120 million adherents in Russia, by counting all the individuals belonging to the ethnic groups which historically belonged to these religions. By applying the ethnic principle, people who are indifferent to religion or are outspokenly atheists, those who have converted to a different faith to that assigned by nationality, and people who participate in religions which historically have not been associated to specific ethnic groups in Russia—namely Old","title":"Religion in Russia"},{"psg_id":"14702101","text":"All Religions are One All Religions are One is a series of philosophical aphorisms by William Blake, written in 1788. Following on from his initial experiments with relief etching in the non-textual \"The Approach of Doom\" (1787), \"All Religions are One\" and \"There is No Natural Religion\" represent Blake's first successful attempt to combine image and text via relief etching, and are thus the earliest of his illuminated manuscripts. As such, they serve as a significant milestone in Blake's career; as Peter Ackroyd points out, \"his newly invented form now changed the nature of his expression. It had enlarged his","title":"All Religions are One"},{"psg_id":"14702126","text":"are one. David Bindman classifies \"All Religions are One\" as \"a rather abstract dialogue with conventional theology,\" and in this sense, it is often interpreted as Blake's earliest engagement with deism and dualism. Similarly, Northrop Frye argues that Blake's theory that all religions are one is a \"visionary tolerance\" at odds with the \"rational tolerance\" of deism \"which holds that all religions are equally an attempt to solve an insoluble mystery.\" Working along the same lines, Florence Sandler argues that in these texts Blake \"set himself to the task of separating true religion from its perversions in his own age","title":"All Religions are One"},{"psg_id":"4221943","text":"abandonment. Critics have argued that the world religions paradigm is inappropriate because it takes the Protestant variant of Christianity as the model for what constitutes religion; that it is tied up with discourses of modernity, including modern power relations; that it encourages an uncritical understanding of religion; and that it makes a value judgement as to what religions should be considered \"major\". Others have argued that it remains useful in the classroom, so long as students are made aware that it is a socially constructed category. The scholars of religion Christopher R. Cotter and David G. Robertson described the \"World","title":"World religions"},{"psg_id":"14702133","text":"of Blake's most fundamental principles and reveal the foundation for later development in his thought and art.\" W.H. Stevenson calls them \"a very early statement of fundamental opinions [Blake] held all his life.\" As an example of how Blake returned to the specific themes of \"All Religions\", in \"The Marriage of Heaven and Hell\" (1790), he writes \"the Poetic Genius was the first principle and all the others merely derivative\" (12:22–24). All Religions are One All Religions are One is a series of philosophical aphorisms by William Blake, written in 1788. Following on from his initial experiments with relief etching","title":"All Religions are One"},{"psg_id":"14702123","text":"analysing \"All Religions are One\" it is important to remember that the images are not necessarily literal depictions of the text; \"the philosophical propositions [...] offer little visual imagery or even named objects. These qualities may have determined the relative independence of many of the designs from the accompanying text. The links are thematic and metaphoric, not direct and literal.\" The central concern in \"All Religions are One\" is the notion of the \"Poetic Genius\", which is roughly analogous to the imagination. Blake argues that the Poetic Genius is greater than all else and \"is the true man.\" The Poetic","title":"All Religions are One"},{"psg_id":"14702120","text":"with Keynes, arguing that the imperfections in \"All Religions\" are not because of an earlier date of composition, but because of the increased complexity of the plates, with such complexity demonstrating Blake growing in confidence from the more rudimentary plates for \"No Natural Religion\". Most scholars however support Keynes, and \"All Religions are One\" precedes \"There is No Natural Religion\" in almost all modern anthologies of Blake's work; for example, Alicia Ostriker's \"William Blake: The Complete Poems\" (1977), David V. Erdman's 2nd edition of \"The Complete Poetry and Prose of William Blake\" (1982), Morris Eaves', Robert N. Essick's and Joseph","title":"All Religions are One"},{"psg_id":"10815614","text":"virtues.\" Scientology and other religions The relationship between Scientology and other religions is very complex. While Scientology claims that it is fully compatible with all existing major world religions and that it does not conflict with them or their religious practices, there are major differences in beliefs and practices between Scientology and most religions, especially the major monotheistic religions. Members are not allowed to engage in other similar mental therapies or procedures, religious or otherwise. However, some ministers from other churches have adopted some Scientology secular programs. According to Jacob Neusner, Scientology is a \"synthesis of existing ideas and a","title":"Scientology and other religions"},{"psg_id":"10815587","text":"Scientology and other religions The relationship between Scientology and other religions is very complex. While Scientology claims that it is fully compatible with all existing major world religions and that it does not conflict with them or their religious practices, there are major differences in beliefs and practices between Scientology and most religions, especially the major monotheistic religions. Members are not allowed to engage in other similar mental therapies or procedures, religious or otherwise. However, some ministers from other churches have adopted some Scientology secular programs. According to Jacob Neusner, Scientology is a \"synthesis of existing ideas and a reflection","title":"Scientology and other religions"},{"psg_id":"17341238","text":"its approach to the \"recognition of God\". He writes: \"the religion which possesses the intrinsic light of truth, and which has the ability to draw hearts towards itself purely because of its manner of Divine recognition.\" (p. 6) He compares the three major religions with regard to this criterion. Ahmad critically examines: The booklet consisting of 38 pages, critically examines the major religions and their principles briefly.the English translation is available. The Criterion for Religions The Criterion for Religions, the English rendering of Mi‘yarul Madhahib, was written and published in 1895 by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad founder of the Ahmadiyya Muslim","title":"The Criterion for Religions"},{"psg_id":"15267397","text":"religions including past religions that are no longer practiced. Temple of All Religions The Temple of All Religions (, ) or the Universal Temple () is a unique architectural complex in the Staroye Arakchino Microdistrict of Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia. It consists of several types of religious architecture including an Orthodox church, a mosque, and a synagogue, among others. It is currently under construction since 1992, started by local artist and philanthropist Ildar Khanov. The structure serves as a cultural center and a residence for Khanov and his assistants. Khanov is known for his efforts in the treatment of alcoholism, drug","title":"Temple of All Religions"},{"psg_id":"16627728","text":"Age of majority in religious associations, as well as the education of juvenile religions contrary to their will and without the consent of Kinship or their substitutes. Irreligion in Russia Irreligion was official state policy during the Soviet Union and was rigorously enforced. This led to the persecution of Christians in the country. Since the collapse of Communism, Russia has seen an upsurge of religion. Adding together those who are undecided, those who are spiritual but not religious, and those who are atheistic, as of a 2012 survey, 43.5% of Russians claim no particular religious affiliation. Many Russian secularists feel","title":"Irreligion in Russia"},{"psg_id":"6371984","text":"the same identity markers; for instance, large percentages of people who self-identify as \"Orthodox\" have been found to believe that God is a \"life force\", to believe in [[reincarnation]], astral connections, and other [[New Age]] ideas. Another method that has sometimes been used to determine the magnitude of religions in Russia is to count the number of their officially registered organisations. Such criterion, however, leads to inaccurate assumptions for various reasons. There is not the same arithmetic relationship between religions' number of local organisations and the number of their believers, as different religions have different organisational structures. Furthermore, different religions","title":"Religion in Russia"},{"psg_id":"11710060","text":"groups with a new novel theology, while sects are attempts to return mainstream religions to (what the sect views as) their original purity. Mainstream established groups are called denominations. The comments below about cult formation apply equally well to sect formation. There are four models of cult formation: the Psychopathological Model, the Entrepreneurial Model, the Social Model and the Normal Revelations model. Some religions are better described by one model than another, though all apply to differing degrees to all religions. Once a cult or sect has been founded, the next problem for the founder is to convert new members","title":"Theories about religions"},{"psg_id":"8889085","text":"Belarusians in Russia Belarusians are a major ethnic group in Russia. In the census of 2002, 807,970 Russian citizens confirmed their Belarusian ethnicity. Major Belarusian groups live in the regions of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kaliningrad, Karelia. Most Belarusians in Russia are migrants from modern Belarus or their descendants, while a minor part of Belarusians in Russia are indigenous. A minor part of Belarusians in Russia are original inhabitants of the Russian-Belarusian border regions. In ancient times the regions of Smolensk and Pskov were inhabited by the East Slavic tribe of Krivichi that later became major base of the Russian and","title":"Belarusians in Russia"},{"psg_id":"14702114","text":"\"All Religions\" prior to 1795 is unknown. However, the fact that it is not mentioned in his 'To the Public' address of October 1793, where he listed all of his extant manuscripts up to that time except \"All Religions\" and \"No Natural Religion\", would suggest he had not. Copy A is located in The Huntington Library, except Plate 2 (title page), which exists in two impressions. The copy of the title page which goes with Copy A is located in the Geoffrey Keynes Collection in the Fitzwilliam Museum. The title page from another copy (colour printed in brown ink), the","title":"All Religions are One"},{"psg_id":"14702122","text":"independent strokes. And since the resulting dense matrix of lines provided better support for the inking dabber, italic permitted a shallower etch.\" Blake introduced italic script on plate a3 of \"No Natural Religion\", a script which he would use throughout the 1790s. Other evidence for an earlier dating of \"All Religions\" is that many of the individual letters themselves lean to the left, unlike in \"No Natural Religion\". This was a common problem in mirror writing, and its presence in \"All Religions\" but not \"No Natural Religion\" suggests Blake was only learning how to overcome it as he worked. When","title":"All Religions are One"},{"psg_id":"14702121","text":"Viscomi's \"Blake's Illuminated Books, Volume 3: The Early Illuminated Books\" (1993), even Bindman's own \"The Complete Illuminated Books of William Blake\" (2003), and W.H. Stevenson's 3rd edition of \"Blake: The Complete Poems\" (2007). Further evidence for Keynes hypothesis is discussed by Eaves, Essick and Viscomi, who, in counterpoint to Bindman, see the style of \"No Natural Religion\" as more confident than that of \"All Religions\". They especially cite the use of upright roman lettering in \"All Religions\" contrasted with the italic, cursive writing on several plates of \"No Natural Religion\"; \"this style was easier to execute since it required fewer","title":"All Religions are One"},{"psg_id":"14702115","text":"additional plates of which are unrecorded, is in the Victoria and Albert Museum. \"All Religions are One\" comprises ten plates, each of which is roughly 5.4 X 4 cm., with each paragraph on a separate plate, except Plate 10, which contains both Principal 7 and a short paragraph which functions as a conclusion to the series. In numerous cases, it seems as if the acid has eaten away too much of the relief, and Blake has had to go over sections with ink and wash, often touching the text and design outlines with pen. Several of the plates also bear","title":"All Religions are One"},{"psg_id":"6371972","text":"existence before the Russian Revolution have been unable to re-register, and the Catholic Church has been forbidden to develop its own territorial jurisdictions. According to some Western observers, respect for freedom of religion by Russian authorities has declined since the late 1990s and early 2000s. Activities of the Jehovah's Witnesses are currently banned in Russia. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 there has been a revival and spread of Siberian shamanism, and the emergence of Hindu and new religious movements throughout Russia. There has been an \"exponential increase in new religious groups and alternative spiritualities\", Eastern religions","title":"Religion in Russia"},{"psg_id":"6372015","text":"to measure, concerned with health, healing, and lifestyle, made up of fragments borrowed from Eastern religions like Buddhism, Hinduism and [[yoga]]. According to Filatov and Lunkin, these movements, albeit mostly unorganised, represent a \"self-contained system\" rather than a \"transitional stage on the way to some other religion\". Native new religious movements of Russia are [[Fourth Way]], [[Rerikhism]], [[Ivanovism]], [[Ringing Cedars' Anastasianism]], and others. [[Rerikhism]], which was started before the \"[[perestroika]]\", is a paradigmatic example of a movement which adapts Eastern religious beliefs to the conditions of contemporary Russia. It is not a centrally structured movement, but takes the form of","title":"Religion in Russia"},{"psg_id":"14702102","text":"range; with relief etching, the words inscribed like those of God upon the tables of law, Blake could acquire a new role.\" In 1822, Blake completed a short two-page dramatic piece which would prove to be the last of his illuminated manuscripts, entitled \"The Ghost of Abel A Revelation In the Visions of Jehovah Seen by William Blake\". Inscribed in the colophon of this text is \"W Blakes Original Stereotype was 1788\". It is almost universally agreed amongst Blakean scholars, that the \"Original Stereotype\" to which he here refers was \"All Religions are One\" and/or \"There is No Natural Religion\".","title":"All Religions are One"},{"psg_id":"11076500","text":"of Israel, each of which offers different interpretations of Rasta belief. There are an estimated 700,000 to 1 million Rastas across the world; the largest population is in Jamaica although communities can be found in most of the world's major population centres. Some small religions, such as Samaritanism, Druze, Rastafari movement, and the Bábí Faith, are Abrahamic. These religions are regional, with Samaritans largely in Israel and the West Bank, Druze largely in Syria, Lebanon, Israel, and Jordan, and Rastafari largely in Jamaica. The civilizations that developed in Mesopotamia influenced some religious texts, particularly the Hebrew Bible and the Book","title":"Abrahamic religions"},{"psg_id":"14702113","text":"and execution rather than the usual divisions between invention and production embedded in eighteenth-century print technology, and its economic and social distinctions among authors, printers, artists and engravers. Like drawings and manuscripts, Blake's relief etchings were created by the direct and positive action of the author/artist's hand without intervening processes.\" Blake served as artist, engraver, printer \"and\" publisher. Although \"All Religions are One\" was etched in 1788, the only surviving copy (known as Copy A) was not printed until 1795; a large paper copy printed as part of a deluxe edition of Blake's collected illuminated manuscripts. Whether he had printed","title":"All Religions are One"},{"psg_id":"14199295","text":"Buddhism in Russia Historically, Buddhism was incorporated into Russian lands in the early 17th century. Buddhism is considered as one of Russia's traditional religions, legally a part of Russian historical heritage. Besides the historical monastic traditions of Buryatia, Kalmykia and Tuva, Buddhism is now widespread all over Russia, with many ethnic Russian converts. The main form of Buddhism in Russia is the Gelukpa school of Tibetan Buddhism, informally known as the \"yellow hat\" tradition, with other Tibetan and non-Tibetan schools as minorities. Although Tibetan Buddhism is most often associated with Tibet, it spread into Mongolia, and via Mongolia into Russia.","title":"Buddhism in Russia"},{"psg_id":"191595","text":"Buddhist Ramayanas are: \"Vessantarajataka\", Reamker, Ramakien, Phra Lak Phra Lam, Hikayat Seri Rama etc. There also exists the \"Khamti Ramayana\" among the Khamti tribe of Asom wherein Rama is an Avatar of a Bodhisattva who incarnates to punish the demon king Ravana (B.Datta 1993). The \"Tai Ramayana\" is another book retelling the divine story in Asom. Critics point out that there exist vast differences between and even within the various Indian religions. All major religions are composed of innumerable sects and subsects. For a Hindu, \"dharma\" is his duty. For a Jain, \"dharma\" is righteousness, his conduct. For a Buddhist,","title":"Indian religions"},{"psg_id":"8889096","text":"on the current presidency of Alexander Lukashenko. Some organisations support the democratic opposition. Other, more recently founded organisations as the Federal National Cultural Autonomy of Belarusians in Russia are supported by the embassy of Belarus, and have a more positive opinion on the policies of the government. Besides Russian citizens of Belarusian descent, there are about 400 thousands Belarusians currently working in Russia. Belarusians in Russia Belarusians are a major ethnic group in Russia. In the census of 2002, 807,970 Russian citizens confirmed their Belarusian ethnicity. Major Belarusian groups live in the regions of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kaliningrad, Karelia. Most","title":"Belarusians in Russia"},{"psg_id":"20792631","text":"What Are The Theosophists? \"What Are The Theosophists?\" is an editorial published in October 1879 in the theosophical magazine \"The Theosophist.\" It was compiled by Helena Blavatsky and it was included the 2nd volume of the \"Blavatsky Collected Writings.\" Arnold Kalnitsky wrote in his thesis that in this article \"we find a rather expansive statement of... [Blavatsky's] thoughts at that moment about the status of the movement, the Theosophical Society, its objectives, and the issues it was confronting.\" He wrote that the article begins with a question whether the Theosophists \"are they what they claim to be\": researchers of the","title":"What Are The Theosophists?"},{"psg_id":"14199300","text":"identify as Buddhists. Buddhism in Russia Historically, Buddhism was incorporated into Russian lands in the early 17th century. Buddhism is considered as one of Russia's traditional religions, legally a part of Russian historical heritage. Besides the historical monastic traditions of Buryatia, Kalmykia and Tuva, Buddhism is now widespread all over Russia, with many ethnic Russian converts. The main form of Buddhism in Russia is the Gelukpa school of Tibetan Buddhism, informally known as the \"yellow hat\" tradition, with other Tibetan and non-Tibetan schools as minorities. Although Tibetan Buddhism is most often associated with Tibet, it spread into Mongolia, and via","title":"Buddhism in Russia"},{"psg_id":"16774067","text":"Sociological Society and the Society of Professional Sociologists,), and it is not clear what is the proper successor to the Soviet Sociological Association (disbanded in 1999). Two major centers of sociological research are the Institute of Sociology and the Institute of Sociopolitical Research, both at the Russian Academy of Sciences. The M. Kovalevskii Prize is the most prestigious modern Russian award for sociological research. There are about 30 sociology journals published in Russia, two of which are published in English: \"Sociological Research\" and \"Society and Education\". Between 1998 and 2006 more than 1,000 sociological books and monographs, including several dictionaries","title":"Sociology in Russia"},{"psg_id":"191537","text":"Indian religions Indian religions, sometimes also termed as Dharmic faiths or religions, are the religions that originated in the Indian subcontinent; namely Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism. These religions are also all classified as Eastern religions. Although Indian religions are connected through the history of India, they constitute a wide range of religious communities, and are not confined to the Indian subcontinent. Evidence attesting to prehistoric religion in the Indian subcontinent derives from scattered Mesolithic rock paintings. The Harappan people of the Indus Valley Civilisation, which lasted from 3300 to 1300 BCE (mature period, 2600–1900 BCE), had an early urbanized","title":"Indian religions"},{"psg_id":"6371982","text":"Believers, new Russian converts to Protestantism, Catholicism and Eastern religions, and others—are automatically excluded from the calculations. Another criterion to count religious populations in Russia is that of \"religious observance\". Based on this principle, very few Russians would be religious. It has been found that between 0.5% and 2% of people in big cities attend Easter services, and overall just between 2% and 10% of the total population (3 to 15 million people) are actively practising Orthodox Christians. However, most Russians do attend Christmas services and avoid drinking alcohol during Easter. The proportion of practising Muslims among ethnic groups which","title":"Religion in Russia"},{"psg_id":"11076474","text":"tradition claims that the Jews are descended from Abraham, and adherents of Judaism derive their spiritual identity from Abraham as the first of the three \"fathers\" or biblical Patriarchs: Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. All the major Abrahamic religions claim a direct lineage to Abraham, although in Christianity this is understood in spiritual terms: Adam Dodds argues that the term \"Abrahamic faiths\", while helpful, can be considered misleading, as it conveys an unspecified historical and theological commonality that is problematic on closer examination. While there is commonality among the religions, in large measure their shared ancestry is peripheral to their respective","title":"Abrahamic religions"},{"psg_id":"191603","text":"of religion as embodied in Article 25 (1) of the Constitution, Governor Naval Kishore Sharma returned the Gujarat Freedom of Religion (Amendment) Bill, 2006 citing the widespread protests by the Jains as well as Supreme Court's extrajudicial observation that Jainism is a \"special religion formed on the basis of quintessence of Hindu religion by the Supreme Court\". Indian religions Indian religions, sometimes also termed as Dharmic faiths or religions, are the religions that originated in the Indian subcontinent; namely Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism. These religions are also all classified as Eastern religions. Although Indian religions are connected through the","title":"Indian religions"},{"psg_id":"14377020","text":"Ghosts in Mesopotamian religions There are many references to ghosts in ancient Mesopotamian religion – the religions of Sumer, Babylon, Assyria and other early states in Mesopotamia. Traces of these beliefs survive in the later Abrahamic religions that came to dominate the region. The concept of ghosts or spirits in Mesopotamia is comparable to the shades of the deceased in the Underworld in the mythology of classical antiquity. The shades or spirits of the deceased were known as ' ( ) in Sumerian, which was borrowed as ' in Akkadian. The Sumerian word is analyzed as a compound of either","title":"Ghosts in Mesopotamian religions"},{"psg_id":"20792642","text":"special supreme status, which does not depend on any misconduct committed by \"individual members of the organization.\" She believes that the Theosophical Society is \"potentially a more effective institution\" than any scientific or religious organization. \"Unlike sectarian religions,\" Theosophy is not obsessed with differences, because it is based on the \"principle of universal brotherhood.\" Ultimately, the Theosophical ideals and goals surpass any \"existing ideologies and social movements.\" Therefore, Theosophy stands for a voluntarily accepted and approved \"spiritual orientation.\" Thus, according to the Theosophical view, universal brotherhood must become the \"logical and inevitable result\" of life. Kalnitsky noted that, according to","title":"What Are The Theosophists?"},{"psg_id":"4221954","text":"critique would be too complex for many of them to understand. Its continued use has also been defended by the claim that it is what undergraduate students expect and that it mirrors what they will have been taught at school. Some scholars have argued for the rejection of the world religions paradigm altogether; Cotter and Robertson presented the argument that \"the continued uncritical use of the WRP fosters a breeding ground for relativistic navel-gazing which has no place in the contemporary research university\". Owen was of the view that \"as long as it continues to employ the World Religions paradigm","title":"World religions"},{"psg_id":"12549741","text":"has been organized annually the University of Waterloo, Ontario. The World Religions Conference (WRC) brings together scholars from the world’s major religions to speak on a common topic from the point of view of their respective religious traditions. Faith groups make presentations of recitations of their holy scriptures and set up displays at the event. The WRC serves the purpose of educating members of the community regarding interesting and relevant topics by providing a platform where all major religions can pool their collective wisdom and teachings regarding the topic. The conference is sponsored and organized by the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community","title":"World Religions Conference"},{"psg_id":"16792843","text":"the protection of his government, and offered to extend every facility for His removal to Russia.\" Starting in 1866, while in Adrianople, Bahá'u'lláh started writing a series of letters to world rulers, proclaiming his station as the promised one of all religions. His letters also asked them to renounce their material possessions, work together to settle disputes, and endeavour towards the betterment of the world and its peoples. Czar Alexander II of Russia was among them. “O Czar of Russia! Incline thine ear unto the voice of God, the King, the Holy, and turn thou unto Paradise, the Spot wherein","title":"Bahá'í Faith in Russia"},{"psg_id":"18988033","text":"What Are They Doing in Heaven? \"What Are They Doing in Heaven?\" is a Christian hymn written in 1901 by American Methodist minister Charles Albert Tindley. , it has become popular enough to have been included in 16 hymnals. The song has sometimes been recorded under the titles \"What Are They Doing?\" and \"What Are They Doing in Heaven Today?\". The question mark is often omitted. The song may also be known by its first line, \"I am thinking of friends whom I used to know\". The song consists of four verses and a refrain, each four lines long. In","title":"What Are They Doing in Heaven?"},{"psg_id":"18988035","text":"in a wide variety of styles, including gospel and bluegrass; sometimes attributed to Phillips or to \"anonymous\" or to \"traditional\". What Are They Doing in Heaven? \"What Are They Doing in Heaven?\" is a Christian hymn written in 1901 by American Methodist minister Charles Albert Tindley. , it has become popular enough to have been included in 16 hymnals. The song has sometimes been recorded under the titles \"What Are They Doing?\" and \"What Are They Doing in Heaven Today?\". The question mark is often omitted. The song may also be known by its first line, \"I am thinking of","title":"What Are They Doing in Heaven?"},{"psg_id":"11710065","text":"for consumers in a commercial economy. Theorists assert that a true religious economy is the result of religious pluralism, giving the population a wider variety of choices in religion. According to the theory, the more religions there are, the more likely the population is to be religious and hereby contradicting the secularization thesis. Theories about religions Sociological and anthropological theories about religion (or theories of religion) generally attempt to explain the origin and function of religion. These theories define what they present as universal characteristics of religious belief and practice. From presocratic times, ancient authors advanced prescientific theories about religion.","title":"Theories about religions"},{"psg_id":"20792648","text":"often attracted all sorts of neurotics, hysterics and even madmen: \"All organisations which depend on enthusiasm and opposition to conventional opinion suffer from this problem to some degree; Theosophy appears to have been especially prone to it. The permanent residents at Adyar during the 1880s and '90s were typical. A quarrelsome collection of minor English aristocrats, rich American widows, German professors, Indian mystics and hangerson of every description, they were all eager to have their say, especially during Olcott's prolonged absences, and all ready to quarrel with one another.\" What Are The Theosophists? \"What Are The Theosophists?\" is an editorial","title":"What Are The Theosophists?"},{"psg_id":"3391392","text":"so on. According to Alvaro Gil-Robles, relations between the representatives of the different religious communities are generally harmonious. Gil-Robles emphasized the amount of state support provided by both federal and regional authorities for the different religious communities, and stressed the example of the Republic of Tatarstan as \"veritable cultural and religious melting pot\". Along with that, Catholics are not always heeded as well as other religions by federal and local authorities. Vladimir Lukin noted in 2005, that citizens of Russia rarely experience violation of freedom of conscience (guaranteed by the article 28 of the Constitution). So, the Commissioner's Office annually","title":"Human rights in Russia"},{"psg_id":"5339637","text":"Eastern religions The Eastern religions are the religions that originated in East, South and Southeast Asia and thus have dissimilarities with Western religions. This includes the East Asian religions (Shintoism, Sindoism, Taoism and Confucianism), Indian religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism and Jainism) as well as animistic indigenous religions. This East-West religious distinction, just as with the East-West culture distinction, and the implications that arise from it, is broad and not precise. Furthermore, the geographical distinction has less meaning in the current context of global transculturation. While many Western observers attempt to distinguish between Eastern philosophies and religions, this is a distinction","title":"Eastern religions"},{"psg_id":"341459","text":"in Russia, and among Slavs various movements have emerged besides Christianity, including Rodnovery (Slavic Native Faith), Ringing Cedars' Anastasianism, Hinduism, Siberian shamanism and other religions. Currently, there is no official census of religion in Russia, and estimates are based on surveys only. In 2012 the research organization Sreda published Arena Atlas, a detailed enumeration of religious populations and nationalities in Russia, based on a large-sample country-wide survey. They found that 46.8% of Russians declared themselves Christians (including 41% Russian Orthodox, 1.5% simply Orthodox or members of non-Russian Orthodox churches, 4.1% unaffiliated Christians, and less than 1% for both Catholic and","title":"Russia"},{"psg_id":"9709292","text":"from the knowledge of such Tao. Some ancient schools merged into traditions with different names or became extinct, such as Mohism (and many others of the Hundred Schools of Thought), which was largely absorbed into Taoism. East Asian religions include many theological stances, including polytheism, nontheism, henotheism, monotheism, pantheism, panentheism and agnosticism. East Asian religions have many Western adherents, though their interpretations may differ significantly from traditional East Asian religious thought and culture. The place of East Asian religions among major religious groups is comparable to the Abrahamic religions found in Europe and the Western World as well as across","title":"East Asian religions"},{"psg_id":"19115631","text":"Iranians in Russia Iranian Russians or Persian Russians (; ) are Iranians in the Russian Federation, and are Russian citizens or permanent residents of (partial) Iranian national background. Iranians have a long history within what is modern-day Russia, stretching back millennia. With their historical core in southern Dagestan and the pivotal Iranian town of Derbent, the territory remained, intermittently, in Iranian hands encompassed for many centuries until 1813, resulting in a steady flow and settling of people from mainland Iran. There are two historically Iranian communities in Russia; the Tats, who are amongst the native inhabitants of the North Caucasus,","title":"Iranians in Russia"},{"psg_id":"11710058","text":"the compensation is what controls the choice, or in other words the choices which the \"rational actors\" make are \"rational in the sense that they are centered on the satisfaction of wants\". It has been observed that social or political movements that fail to achieve their goals will often transform into religions. As it becomes clear that the goals of the movement will not be achieved by natural means (at least within their lifetimes), members of the movement will look to the supernatural to achieve what cannot be achieved naturally. The new religious beliefs are compensators for the failure to","title":"Theories about religions"},{"psg_id":"5658289","text":"Religions of the ancient Near East The religions of the ancient Near East were mostly polytheistic, with some early examples of primitive monolatry (Yahwism/Judaism, Mardukites), Ashurism and Monism (Atenism). Some scholars believe that the similarities between these religions indicate that the religions are related, a belief known as patternism. Many religions of the ancient near East and their offshoots can be traced to Proto-Semitic religion. Other religions in the ancient Near East include Ancient Egyptian religion, the Luwian and Hittite religions of Asia Minor and the Sumerian religion of ancient Mesopotamia. Offshoots of Proto-Semitic religion include Assyro-Babylonian religion, Canaanite religion,","title":"Religions of the ancient Near East"},{"psg_id":"14702118","text":"is No Natural Religion\". The plates were sold from the Linnell estate on 15 March 1918 to Henry E. Huntington. Plate 2 was acquired by George A. Smith in 1853. It may have subsequently been owned by William Muir, but was ultimately sold at Sotheby's by Sir Hickman Bacon on 21 July 1953, to Geoffrey Keynes, who donated it to the Fitzwilliam Museum in 1982. After the original 1795 printing, the text of \"All Religions\" was not published again until 1893, in \"The Works of William Blake, Poetic, Symbolic and Critical\", edited by W.B. Yeats and E.J. Ellis. Until 1971,","title":"All Religions are One"},{"psg_id":"14702129","text":"to engrave the frontispiece. Blake became so enamoured of Lavater's work that on the inside cover of his own copy of the book, he inscribed both his name and Lavater's, and drew a heart encompassing them. Blake also extensively annotated his own copy of \"Aphorisms\", and a number of critics have noted parallels between the Lavater annotations and Blake's own aphorisms in both \"All Religions\" and \"No Natural Religion\". S. Foster Damon specifically points to Lavater's first two aphorisms as having a strong influence on Blake; To these points Blake has annotated \"This is true Christian philosophy far above all","title":"All Religions are One"},{"psg_id":"2237513","text":"the shaping of religions in the context of the nation-state as the \"invention of traditions.\" Religious traditions fall into super-groups in comparative religion, arranged by historical origin and mutual influence. Abrahamic religions originate in West Asia, Indian religions in the Indian subcontinent (South Asia) and East Asian religions in East Asia. Another group with supra-regional influence are Afro-American religion, which have their origins in Central and West Africa. One way to define a major religion is by the number of current adherents. The population numbers by religion are computed by a combination of census reports and population surveys (in countries","title":"Major religious groups"},{"psg_id":"9471533","text":"stage. What Are We Doin' in Love \"What Are We Doin' in Love\" is a song written by Randy Goodrum and recorded by American country music artist Dottie West with the uncredited vocals of Kenny Rogers. It was released in March 1981 as the second single from the album \"Wild West\". \"What Are We Doin' in Love\" was the duo's third and final number one on the country chart. Since 1978, West and Rogers had been together as a duet partnership. Rogers revived the career of Dottie West when their song \"Every Time Fools Collide\" became a hit in 1978.","title":"What Are We Doin' in Love"},{"psg_id":"9471531","text":"What Are We Doin' in Love \"What Are We Doin' in Love\" is a song written by Randy Goodrum and recorded by American country music artist Dottie West with the uncredited vocals of Kenny Rogers. It was released in March 1981 as the second single from the album \"Wild West\". \"What Are We Doin' in Love\" was the duo's third and final number one on the country chart. Since 1978, West and Rogers had been together as a duet partnership. Rogers revived the career of Dottie West when their song \"Every Time Fools Collide\" became a hit in 1978. They","title":"What Are We Doin' in Love"},{"psg_id":"4359844","text":"Salt Palace Convention Center in Salt Lake City, Utah. 9,806 attendees, performers, and volunteers from 73 countries, 30 major religions and 548 sub-traditions participated in the Parliament. During the closing ceremony, Imam Abdul Malik Mujahid announced that the Parliament would henceforth be held every two years, with the next gathering scheduled for 2017. This was later changed to 2018. The Board of Trustees of the Parliament organization selected Toronto as the site of the 2018 Parliament of the World's Religions at their April 2017 Board meeting. The event was scheduled for November 1-7, 2018. From March to May 1930, Kyoto,","title":"Parliament of the World's Religions"},{"psg_id":"5293459","text":"Russian nationalist leader of the organization People's Liberation Front of Russia (which says its major goal is to \"free\" Russia from Caucasian and Hebrew \"occupiers\"), made the following statement: \"We Russian nationalists, the initiators of the people's front, we are telling you that the events of December 11 are the beginning of the revolutionary changes in Russia, the first outbursts of the approaching Russian revolution... You are the ones who can participate in it.\" In 2016, Kyrgyzstan's President Almazbek Atambayev urged Russians to show respect to his countrymen after an assault on two migrants in Moscow. On 11 January 2006,","title":"Racism in Russia"},{"psg_id":"1394429","text":"Tatar cultures. The city has registered a brand \"The Third Capital of Russia\", though a number of other major Russian cities compete for this status, including Nizhny Novgorod, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Samara, all being major cultural centers with rich history and prominent architecture. Veliky Novgorod, Pskov, Dmitrov and the cities of Golden Ring (Vladimir, Yaroslavl, Kostroma and others) have at best preserved the architecture and the spirit of ancient and medieval Rus', and also are among the main tourist destinations. Many old fortifications (typically Kremlins), monasteries and churches are scattered throughout Russia, forming its unique cultural landscape both in big","title":"Tourism in Russia"},{"psg_id":"20186224","text":"make up approximately 300 out of almost 2000 inhabitants of the municipality. In Siberia (modern Krasnoyarsk Krai), the village () was founded by Latvian settlers in 1859. The village still exists and has less than one hundred inhabitants. Since the 1990s, there is a number of Latvian organizations and Latvian Lutheran parishes in Russia, primarily in major cities such as Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Omsk, Tomsk, Smolensk and others. Latvians in Russia Latvians in Russia are a small ethnic minority scattered across various regions of Russia. According to the 2010 census, 18,979 people in Russia identified themselves as ethnic Latvians, down","title":"Latvians in Russia"},{"psg_id":"15295319","text":"Irkutsk and South Yakutsk basins. The two major coal producers in Russia are Rosugol and Donugol. Over two-thirds of coal produced in Russia is used domestically. Russia is self-sufficient in coal, and consumed 223 million tons of coal in 2009. The percentage of coal in Russian power generation has been declining since 1990, when it was 20.7%, due to increasing gas consumption as well as increasing nuclear and hydroelectric energy production. Currently only 14.4% of Russia's power is produced from coal. Coal in Russia Coal is one of the largest sources of energy in Russia, accounting for 14.4% of the","title":"Coal in Russia"},{"psg_id":"19115647","text":"from Iran, who migrated to the North Caucasus and parts of Transcaucasia. In Russia, they inhabit Chechnya, Kabardino-Balkaria, and Krasnodar Krai. Iranians in Russia Iranian Russians or Persian Russians (; ) are Iranians in the Russian Federation, and are Russian citizens or permanent residents of (partial) Iranian national background. Iranians have a long history within what is modern-day Russia, stretching back millennia. With their historical core in southern Dagestan and the pivotal Iranian town of Derbent, the territory remained, intermittently, in Iranian hands encompassed for many centuries until 1813, resulting in a steady flow and settling of people from mainland","title":"Iranians in Russia"},{"psg_id":"1394418","text":"Tourism in Russia Tourism in Russia has seen rapid growth since the late Soviet times, first inner tourism and then international tourism as well. Rich cultural heritage and great natural variety place Russia among the most popular tourist destinations in the world. Not including Crimea, the country contains 23 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, while many more are on UNESCO's tentative lists. Major tourist routes in Russia include a travel around the Golden Ring of ancient cities, cruises on the big rivers including the Volga, and long journeys on the famous Trans-Siberian Railway. Diverse regions and ethnic cultures of Russia offer","title":"Tourism in Russia"},{"psg_id":"11468579","text":"system in Russia was \"the highest stage of robber capitalism”. He believes that \"Russia is not corrupt. Corruption is what happens in all countries when businessmen offer officials large bribes for favors. Today’s Russia is unique. The businessmen, the politicians, and the bureaucrats are the same people. They have privatized the country’s wealth and taken control of its financial flows.\" Such views are also shared by former CIA director James Woolsey who said in a 1999 Congressional Statement: \"I have been particularly concerned for some years, beginning during my tenure, with the interpenetration of Russian organized crime, Russian intelligence and","title":"Crime in Russia"},{"psg_id":"14377025","text":"and misfortune on them. Physical ailments resulting from hearing or seeing a ghost included headaches, eye and ear problems, various intestinal pains, shortness of breath and dizziness, fever and neurological and mental disorders. Cures involved ritual performances with use of offerings, libations, figurines, ritual burial and dispatch, encirclement, amulets, fumigants, bandages, salves, potions, washes, and suppositories. Other Mesopotamian diseases were blamed on gods or ghosts, each causing a particular sickness. Ghosts in Mesopotamian religions There are many references to ghosts in ancient Mesopotamian religion – the religions of Sumer, Babylon, Assyria and other early states in Mesopotamia. Traces of these","title":"Ghosts in Mesopotamian religions"},{"psg_id":"4221956","text":"world religions paradigm. She cited the example of her introductory course at Leeds Trinity University College, which was constructed on thematic lines rather than according to the world religions paradigm, and which induced feelings of panic among many undergraduates. Many scholars who are critical of the world religions paradigm find themselves having to teach it as part of introductory courses for undergraduate students. Some spent much of a course teaching the concept and then several sessions after this deconstructing it. Some scholars have suggested that even when students are taught using the world religions paradigm, it could be a good","title":"World religions"},{"psg_id":"15267395","text":"Temple of All Religions The Temple of All Religions (, ) or the Universal Temple () is a unique architectural complex in the Staroye Arakchino Microdistrict of Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia. It consists of several types of religious architecture including an Orthodox church, a mosque, and a synagogue, among others. It is currently under construction since 1992, started by local artist and philanthropist Ildar Khanov. The structure serves as a cultural center and a residence for Khanov and his assistants. Khanov is known for his efforts in the treatment of alcoholism, drug addiction, and various other diseases. His former and current","title":"Temple of All Religions"},{"psg_id":"12416326","text":"escalate into a major international incident. TV Guide wrote, \"beautiful women fill the screen at frequent intervals in this amiable comedy\"; and AllMovie wrote, \"\"You Know What Sailors Are\" top-bills Akim Tamiroff as the president of a mythical Foreign country, but the film belongs to Donald Sinden as the well-meaning young officer who precipitates the whole affair.\" You Know What Sailors Are (1954 film) You Know What Sailors Are is a 1954 British comedy film directed by Ken Annakin from a screenplay by Peter Rogers. It starred Donald Sinden, Michael Hordern, Bill Kerr, Dora Bryan and Akim Tamiroff. Three British","title":"You Know What Sailors Are (1954 film)"},{"psg_id":"11076477","text":"in 2012, Aaron W. Hughes published a book about the category Abrahamic religions as an example of \"abuses of history.\" He said that only recently the category \"Abrahamic religions\" has come into use and that it is a \"vague referent.\" It is \"largely a theological neologism\" and \"an artificial and imprecise\" term. Combining the Jewish, Christian, and Muslim religions into this one category might serve the purpose of encouraging \"interfaith trialogue\", but it is not true to the \"historical record\". Abrahamic religions is \"an ahistorical category\". There are \"certain family resemblances\" among these three religions, but the \"amorphous\" term Abrahamic","title":"Abrahamic religions"},{"psg_id":"13815721","text":"in smoking. According to a survey reported in 2010 by Russia’s Health and Social Development Ministry, 43.9 million adults in Russia are smokers. Among Russians aged 19 to 44 years, 7 in 10 men smoke and 4 in 10 women smoke. It is estimated that 330,000-400,000 people die in Russia each year due to smoking-related diseases. A smoking ban was introduced in 2014. Alcohol consumption and alcoholism are major problems in Russia. It is estimated that Russians drink 15 litres (26 pints) of pure alcohol each year. This number is nearly 3 times as much as it was in 1990.","title":"Health in Russia"},{"psg_id":"13556410","text":"Gambling in Russia Gambling in Russia is legal in only four regional subject areas, and in 2009 was made illegal in all other areas of Russia. In 2009, gambling was banned almost everywhere in Russia. The only exceptions are four specially arranged zones in the Altai, Krasnodar, Kaliningrad, and Primorsky regions. Gambling has been a major policy problem for the Russian government since the early 21st century. The problem was the rapidly increasing number of slot machines and gambling houses, including casinos, spreading all over the country. This caused a little concern for the government. According to city officials, after","title":"Gambling in Russia"},{"psg_id":"18800469","text":"What Are Records? What Are Records? (or W.A.R.?) is an independent record label located in Boulder, Colorado. Founded in New York City in 1991 by owner Rob Gordon, former director of A&R at EMI, the company moved to Boulder in 1994. W.A.R.? has released over 100 records by Frank Black (of the Pixies), Bill Burr, Stephen Lynch, The Samples, Maceo Parker, Melissa Ferrick, and Whitest Kids U' Know. What Are Records? was founded in Gordon’s New York City loft in 1991. From the beginning, it fostered a direct-to-stores and direct-to-consumers distribution strategy Friend of Gordon and The Samples then-manager, Ted","title":"What Are Records?"},{"psg_id":"13789629","text":"Alliance of Religions and Conservation The Alliance of Religions and Conservation (ARC) is a United Kingdom-based international organisation founded by Prince Philip, in 1995. ARC is a secular body whose aim is to assist the major religions of the world to develop environmental programmes based on their own core teachings, beliefs and practices. In 2007 it joined with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) to develop a significant and innovative programme to work with the world’s major faiths to address issues of global warming and the natural environment through the development of faith-based “Long Term Commitments for a Living Planet”","title":"Alliance of Religions and Conservation"},{"psg_id":"3391410","text":"migrants were officially registered in Russia, while some 5-7 million migrants do not have legal status. Most of foreigners arriving in Russia are seeking jobs. In many cases they have no preliminary contracts or other agreements with a local employer. A typical problem is the illegal status of many foreigners (i.e., they are not registered and have no identity papers), what deprives them of any social assistance (as of 2004) and often leads to their exploitation by the employer. Despite that, foreigner workers still benefit, what with seeming reluctance of regional authorities to solve the problem forms a sort of","title":"Human rights in Russia"},{"psg_id":"16086774","text":"The Pagan Religions of the Ancient British Isles The Pagan Religions of the Ancient British Isles: Their Nature and Legacy is a book of religious history and archaeology written by the English historian Ronald Hutton, first published by Blackwell in 1991. It was the first published synthesis of the entirety of pre-Christian religion in the British Isles, dealing with the subject during the Palaeolithic, Neolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age, Roman occupation and Anglo-Saxon period. It then proceeds to make a brief examination of their influence on folklore and contemporary Paganism. In keeping with what was by then the prevailing academic","title":"The Pagan Religions of the Ancient British Isles"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14702119\",\n \"text\": \"most editors tended to consider \\\"All Religions are One\\\" as later than \\\"There is No Natural Religion\\\". For example, in his 1905 book \\\"The poetical works of William Blake; a new and verbatim text from the manuscript engraved and letterpress originals\\\", John Sampson places \\\"No Natural Religion\\\" prior to \\\"All Religions\\\" in his 'Appendix to the Prophetic Books'. However, in 1971, Geoffrey Keynes argued that \\\"All Religions are One\\\" was the earlier of the two, based on what he saw as its \\\"greater technical imperfection.\\\" In his 1978 book, \\\"The Complete Graphic Works of William Blake\\\", David Bindman initially disagreed\",\n \"title\": \"All Religions are One\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14702127\",\n \"text\": \"and in the Bible itself.\\\" Also concentrating on the refutation of deism, Alicia Ostriker refers to the series as a \\\"mockery of rationalism and an insistence on Man's potential infinitude.\\\" S. Foster Damon suggests that what Blake has done in \\\"All Religions are One\\\" is \\\"dethroned reason from its ancient place as the supreme faculty of man, replacing it with the Imagination.\\\" Damon also argues that \\\"Blake had completed his revolutionary theory of the nature of Man and proclaimed the unity of all true religions.\\\" Harold Bloom reaches much the same conclusion, suggesting that Blake is arguing for the \\\"primacy\",\n \"title\": \"All Religions are One\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14702132\",\n \"text\": \"Jacob Bryant, Paul Henri Mallet, and perhaps other founders of what has become the comparative study of religion, to argue for the existence of a universal and supra-rational 'Poetic Genius' that expresses itself through the shared (though ever various) forms of all religions.\\\" In relation to his later work, Northrop Frye sees \\\"All Religions are One\\\" and \\\"There is No Natural Religion\\\" as forming a fundamental statement of intent for Blake, a kind of pre-emptive outline of his future work, \\\"a summarised statement of the doctrines of the engraved canon.\\\" Similarly, Eaves, Essick and Viscomi state that they \\\"contain some\",\n \"title\": \"All Religions are One\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14702125\",\n \"text\": \"of every individual\\\", and so too are all religions, which are merely expressions of the Poetic Genius; \\\"the Religions of all Nations are derived from each Nations different reception of the Poetic Genius which is everywhere call'd the Spirit of Prophecy,\\\" again emphasising the theological character of the Poetic Genius. Even the Bible originates with the Poetic Genius; \\\"The Jewish & Christian Testaments are An original derivation from the Poetic Genius.\\\" Thus, as all Men are alike in their Poetic Genius, and as all religions originate with the Poetic Genius, so too must all religions be alike, thus all religions\",\n \"title\": \"All Religions are One\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4221953\",\n \"text\": \"reincarnation, because this is not typically regarded as a Christian doctrine, and yet there are Christians who profess a belief in reincarnation. A fourth criticism is that in choosing to focus attention on the \\\"major\\\" religions, it makes a value judgement as to what constitutes \\\"major\\\" and what does not. Many scholars of religion have resisted efforts to challenge the paradigm, and as of 2016 was reported as still being widespread in university introductory courses to the study of religion. Many instructors feel that explaining the critique of the world religions paradigm to undergraduate students would be difficult, as the\",\n \"title\": \"World religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6371981\",\n \"text\": \"misused to deliberately inflate the prevalence of certain religions, especially the larger ones, for political aims. For instance, Islamic and Orthodox leaders routinely claim that their religions have respectively 20 million and 120 million adherents in Russia, by counting all the individuals belonging to the ethnic groups which historically belonged to these religions. By applying the ethnic principle, people who are indifferent to religion or are outspokenly atheists, those who have converted to a different faith to that assigned by nationality, and people who participate in religions which historically have not been associated to specific ethnic groups in Russia—namely Old\",\n \"title\": \"Religion in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14702101\",\n \"text\": \"All Religions are One All Religions are One is a series of philosophical aphorisms by William Blake, written in 1788. Following on from his initial experiments with relief etching in the non-textual \\\"The Approach of Doom\\\" (1787), \\\"All Religions are One\\\" and \\\"There is No Natural Religion\\\" represent Blake's first successful attempt to combine image and text via relief etching, and are thus the earliest of his illuminated manuscripts. As such, they serve as a significant milestone in Blake's career; as Peter Ackroyd points out, \\\"his newly invented form now changed the nature of his expression. It had enlarged his\",\n \"title\": \"All Religions are One\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14702126\",\n \"text\": \"are one. David Bindman classifies \\\"All Religions are One\\\" as \\\"a rather abstract dialogue with conventional theology,\\\" and in this sense, it is often interpreted as Blake's earliest engagement with deism and dualism. Similarly, Northrop Frye argues that Blake's theory that all religions are one is a \\\"visionary tolerance\\\" at odds with the \\\"rational tolerance\\\" of deism \\\"which holds that all religions are equally an attempt to solve an insoluble mystery.\\\" Working along the same lines, Florence Sandler argues that in these texts Blake \\\"set himself to the task of separating true religion from its perversions in his own age\",\n \"title\": \"All Religions are One\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4221943\",\n \"text\": \"abandonment. Critics have argued that the world religions paradigm is inappropriate because it takes the Protestant variant of Christianity as the model for what constitutes religion; that it is tied up with discourses of modernity, including modern power relations; that it encourages an uncritical understanding of religion; and that it makes a value judgement as to what religions should be considered \\\"major\\\". Others have argued that it remains useful in the classroom, so long as students are made aware that it is a socially constructed category. The scholars of religion Christopher R. Cotter and David G. Robertson described the \\\"World\",\n \"title\": \"World religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14702133\",\n \"text\": \"of Blake's most fundamental principles and reveal the foundation for later development in his thought and art.\\\" W.H. Stevenson calls them \\\"a very early statement of fundamental opinions [Blake] held all his life.\\\" As an example of how Blake returned to the specific themes of \\\"All Religions\\\", in \\\"The Marriage of Heaven and Hell\\\" (1790), he writes \\\"the Poetic Genius was the first principle and all the others merely derivative\\\" (12:22–24). All Religions are One All Religions are One is a series of philosophical aphorisms by William Blake, written in 1788. Following on from his initial experiments with relief etching\",\n \"title\": \"All Religions are One\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14702123\",\n \"text\": \"analysing \\\"All Religions are One\\\" it is important to remember that the images are not necessarily literal depictions of the text; \\\"the philosophical propositions [...] offer little visual imagery or even named objects. These qualities may have determined the relative independence of many of the designs from the accompanying text. The links are thematic and metaphoric, not direct and literal.\\\" The central concern in \\\"All Religions are One\\\" is the notion of the \\\"Poetic Genius\\\", which is roughly analogous to the imagination. Blake argues that the Poetic Genius is greater than all else and \\\"is the true man.\\\" The Poetic\",\n \"title\": \"All Religions are One\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14702120\",\n \"text\": \"with Keynes, arguing that the imperfections in \\\"All Religions\\\" are not because of an earlier date of composition, but because of the increased complexity of the plates, with such complexity demonstrating Blake growing in confidence from the more rudimentary plates for \\\"No Natural Religion\\\". Most scholars however support Keynes, and \\\"All Religions are One\\\" precedes \\\"There is No Natural Religion\\\" in almost all modern anthologies of Blake's work; for example, Alicia Ostriker's \\\"William Blake: The Complete Poems\\\" (1977), David V. Erdman's 2nd edition of \\\"The Complete Poetry and Prose of William Blake\\\" (1982), Morris Eaves', Robert N. Essick's and Joseph\",\n \"title\": \"All Religions are One\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10815614\",\n \"text\": \"virtues.\\\" Scientology and other religions The relationship between Scientology and other religions is very complex. While Scientology claims that it is fully compatible with all existing major world religions and that it does not conflict with them or their religious practices, there are major differences in beliefs and practices between Scientology and most religions, especially the major monotheistic religions. Members are not allowed to engage in other similar mental therapies or procedures, religious or otherwise. However, some ministers from other churches have adopted some Scientology secular programs. According to Jacob Neusner, Scientology is a \\\"synthesis of existing ideas and a\",\n \"title\": \"Scientology and other religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10815587\",\n \"text\": \"Scientology and other religions The relationship between Scientology and other religions is very complex. While Scientology claims that it is fully compatible with all existing major world religions and that it does not conflict with them or their religious practices, there are major differences in beliefs and practices between Scientology and most religions, especially the major monotheistic religions. Members are not allowed to engage in other similar mental therapies or procedures, religious or otherwise. However, some ministers from other churches have adopted some Scientology secular programs. According to Jacob Neusner, Scientology is a \\\"synthesis of existing ideas and a reflection\",\n \"title\": \"Scientology and other religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17341238\",\n \"text\": \"its approach to the \\\"recognition of God\\\". He writes: \\\"the religion which possesses the intrinsic light of truth, and which has the ability to draw hearts towards itself purely because of its manner of Divine recognition.\\\" (p. 6) He compares the three major religions with regard to this criterion. Ahmad critically examines: The booklet consisting of 38 pages, critically examines the major religions and their principles briefly.the English translation is available. The Criterion for Religions The Criterion for Religions, the English rendering of Mi‘yarul Madhahib, was written and published in 1895 by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad founder of the Ahmadiyya Muslim\",\n \"title\": \"The Criterion for Religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15267397\",\n \"text\": \"religions including past religions that are no longer practiced. Temple of All Religions The Temple of All Religions (, ) or the Universal Temple () is a unique architectural complex in the Staroye Arakchino Microdistrict of Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia. It consists of several types of religious architecture including an Orthodox church, a mosque, and a synagogue, among others. It is currently under construction since 1992, started by local artist and philanthropist Ildar Khanov. The structure serves as a cultural center and a residence for Khanov and his assistants. Khanov is known for his efforts in the treatment of alcoholism, drug\",\n \"title\": \"Temple of All Religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16627728\",\n \"text\": \"Age of majority in religious associations, as well as the education of juvenile religions contrary to their will and without the consent of Kinship or their substitutes. Irreligion in Russia Irreligion was official state policy during the Soviet Union and was rigorously enforced. This led to the persecution of Christians in the country. Since the collapse of Communism, Russia has seen an upsurge of religion. Adding together those who are undecided, those who are spiritual but not religious, and those who are atheistic, as of a 2012 survey, 43.5% of Russians claim no particular religious affiliation. Many Russian secularists feel\",\n \"title\": \"Irreligion in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6371984\",\n \"text\": \"the same identity markers; for instance, large percentages of people who self-identify as \\\"Orthodox\\\" have been found to believe that God is a \\\"life force\\\", to believe in [[reincarnation]], astral connections, and other [[New Age]] ideas. Another method that has sometimes been used to determine the magnitude of religions in Russia is to count the number of their officially registered organisations. Such criterion, however, leads to inaccurate assumptions for various reasons. There is not the same arithmetic relationship between religions' number of local organisations and the number of their believers, as different religions have different organisational structures. Furthermore, different religions\",\n \"title\": \"Religion in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11710060\",\n \"text\": \"groups with a new novel theology, while sects are attempts to return mainstream religions to (what the sect views as) their original purity. Mainstream established groups are called denominations. The comments below about cult formation apply equally well to sect formation. There are four models of cult formation: the Psychopathological Model, the Entrepreneurial Model, the Social Model and the Normal Revelations model. Some religions are better described by one model than another, though all apply to differing degrees to all religions. Once a cult or sect has been founded, the next problem for the founder is to convert new members\",\n \"title\": \"Theories about religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8889085\",\n \"text\": \"Belarusians in Russia Belarusians are a major ethnic group in Russia. In the census of 2002, 807,970 Russian citizens confirmed their Belarusian ethnicity. Major Belarusian groups live in the regions of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kaliningrad, Karelia. Most Belarusians in Russia are migrants from modern Belarus or their descendants, while a minor part of Belarusians in Russia are indigenous. A minor part of Belarusians in Russia are original inhabitants of the Russian-Belarusian border regions. In ancient times the regions of Smolensk and Pskov were inhabited by the East Slavic tribe of Krivichi that later became major base of the Russian and\",\n \"title\": \"Belarusians in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14702114\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"All Religions\\\" prior to 1795 is unknown. However, the fact that it is not mentioned in his 'To the Public' address of October 1793, where he listed all of his extant manuscripts up to that time except \\\"All Religions\\\" and \\\"No Natural Religion\\\", would suggest he had not. Copy A is located in The Huntington Library, except Plate 2 (title page), which exists in two impressions. The copy of the title page which goes with Copy A is located in the Geoffrey Keynes Collection in the Fitzwilliam Museum. The title page from another copy (colour printed in brown ink), the\",\n \"title\": \"All Religions are One\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14702122\",\n \"text\": \"independent strokes. And since the resulting dense matrix of lines provided better support for the inking dabber, italic permitted a shallower etch.\\\" Blake introduced italic script on plate a3 of \\\"No Natural Religion\\\", a script which he would use throughout the 1790s. Other evidence for an earlier dating of \\\"All Religions\\\" is that many of the individual letters themselves lean to the left, unlike in \\\"No Natural Religion\\\". This was a common problem in mirror writing, and its presence in \\\"All Religions\\\" but not \\\"No Natural Religion\\\" suggests Blake was only learning how to overcome it as he worked. When\",\n \"title\": \"All Religions are One\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14702121\",\n \"text\": \"Viscomi's \\\"Blake's Illuminated Books, Volume 3: The Early Illuminated Books\\\" (1993), even Bindman's own \\\"The Complete Illuminated Books of William Blake\\\" (2003), and W.H. Stevenson's 3rd edition of \\\"Blake: The Complete Poems\\\" (2007). Further evidence for Keynes hypothesis is discussed by Eaves, Essick and Viscomi, who, in counterpoint to Bindman, see the style of \\\"No Natural Religion\\\" as more confident than that of \\\"All Religions\\\". They especially cite the use of upright roman lettering in \\\"All Religions\\\" contrasted with the italic, cursive writing on several plates of \\\"No Natural Religion\\\"; \\\"this style was easier to execute since it required fewer\",\n \"title\": \"All Religions are One\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14702115\",\n \"text\": \"additional plates of which are unrecorded, is in the Victoria and Albert Museum. \\\"All Religions are One\\\" comprises ten plates, each of which is roughly 5.4 X 4 cm., with each paragraph on a separate plate, except Plate 10, which contains both Principal 7 and a short paragraph which functions as a conclusion to the series. In numerous cases, it seems as if the acid has eaten away too much of the relief, and Blake has had to go over sections with ink and wash, often touching the text and design outlines with pen. Several of the plates also bear\",\n \"title\": \"All Religions are One\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6371972\",\n \"text\": \"existence before the Russian Revolution have been unable to re-register, and the Catholic Church has been forbidden to develop its own territorial jurisdictions. According to some Western observers, respect for freedom of religion by Russian authorities has declined since the late 1990s and early 2000s. Activities of the Jehovah's Witnesses are currently banned in Russia. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 there has been a revival and spread of Siberian shamanism, and the emergence of Hindu and new religious movements throughout Russia. There has been an \\\"exponential increase in new religious groups and alternative spiritualities\\\", Eastern religions\",\n \"title\": \"Religion in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6372015\",\n \"text\": \"to measure, concerned with health, healing, and lifestyle, made up of fragments borrowed from Eastern religions like Buddhism, Hinduism and [[yoga]]. According to Filatov and Lunkin, these movements, albeit mostly unorganised, represent a \\\"self-contained system\\\" rather than a \\\"transitional stage on the way to some other religion\\\". Native new religious movements of Russia are [[Fourth Way]], [[Rerikhism]], [[Ivanovism]], [[Ringing Cedars' Anastasianism]], and others. [[Rerikhism]], which was started before the \\\"[[perestroika]]\\\", is a paradigmatic example of a movement which adapts Eastern religious beliefs to the conditions of contemporary Russia. It is not a centrally structured movement, but takes the form of\",\n \"title\": \"Religion in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14702102\",\n \"text\": \"range; with relief etching, the words inscribed like those of God upon the tables of law, Blake could acquire a new role.\\\" In 1822, Blake completed a short two-page dramatic piece which would prove to be the last of his illuminated manuscripts, entitled \\\"The Ghost of Abel A Revelation In the Visions of Jehovah Seen by William Blake\\\". Inscribed in the colophon of this text is \\\"W Blakes Original Stereotype was 1788\\\". It is almost universally agreed amongst Blakean scholars, that the \\\"Original Stereotype\\\" to which he here refers was \\\"All Religions are One\\\" and/or \\\"There is No Natural Religion\\\".\",\n \"title\": \"All Religions are One\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11076500\",\n \"text\": \"of Israel, each of which offers different interpretations of Rasta belief. There are an estimated 700,000 to 1 million Rastas across the world; the largest population is in Jamaica although communities can be found in most of the world's major population centres. Some small religions, such as Samaritanism, Druze, Rastafari movement, and the Bábí Faith, are Abrahamic. These religions are regional, with Samaritans largely in Israel and the West Bank, Druze largely in Syria, Lebanon, Israel, and Jordan, and Rastafari largely in Jamaica. The civilizations that developed in Mesopotamia influenced some religious texts, particularly the Hebrew Bible and the Book\",\n \"title\": \"Abrahamic religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14702113\",\n \"text\": \"and execution rather than the usual divisions between invention and production embedded in eighteenth-century print technology, and its economic and social distinctions among authors, printers, artists and engravers. Like drawings and manuscripts, Blake's relief etchings were created by the direct and positive action of the author/artist's hand without intervening processes.\\\" Blake served as artist, engraver, printer \\\"and\\\" publisher. Although \\\"All Religions are One\\\" was etched in 1788, the only surviving copy (known as Copy A) was not printed until 1795; a large paper copy printed as part of a deluxe edition of Blake's collected illuminated manuscripts. Whether he had printed\",\n \"title\": \"All Religions are One\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14199295\",\n \"text\": \"Buddhism in Russia Historically, Buddhism was incorporated into Russian lands in the early 17th century. Buddhism is considered as one of Russia's traditional religions, legally a part of Russian historical heritage. Besides the historical monastic traditions of Buryatia, Kalmykia and Tuva, Buddhism is now widespread all over Russia, with many ethnic Russian converts. The main form of Buddhism in Russia is the Gelukpa school of Tibetan Buddhism, informally known as the \\\"yellow hat\\\" tradition, with other Tibetan and non-Tibetan schools as minorities. Although Tibetan Buddhism is most often associated with Tibet, it spread into Mongolia, and via Mongolia into Russia.\",\n \"title\": \"Buddhism in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"191595\",\n \"text\": \"Buddhist Ramayanas are: \\\"Vessantarajataka\\\", Reamker, Ramakien, Phra Lak Phra Lam, Hikayat Seri Rama etc. There also exists the \\\"Khamti Ramayana\\\" among the Khamti tribe of Asom wherein Rama is an Avatar of a Bodhisattva who incarnates to punish the demon king Ravana (B.Datta 1993). The \\\"Tai Ramayana\\\" is another book retelling the divine story in Asom. Critics point out that there exist vast differences between and even within the various Indian religions. All major religions are composed of innumerable sects and subsects. For a Hindu, \\\"dharma\\\" is his duty. For a Jain, \\\"dharma\\\" is righteousness, his conduct. For a Buddhist,\",\n \"title\": \"Indian religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8889096\",\n \"text\": \"on the current presidency of Alexander Lukashenko. Some organisations support the democratic opposition. Other, more recently founded organisations as the Federal National Cultural Autonomy of Belarusians in Russia are supported by the embassy of Belarus, and have a more positive opinion on the policies of the government. Besides Russian citizens of Belarusian descent, there are about 400 thousands Belarusians currently working in Russia. Belarusians in Russia Belarusians are a major ethnic group in Russia. In the census of 2002, 807,970 Russian citizens confirmed their Belarusian ethnicity. Major Belarusian groups live in the regions of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kaliningrad, Karelia. Most\",\n \"title\": \"Belarusians in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20792631\",\n \"text\": \"What Are The Theosophists? \\\"What Are The Theosophists?\\\" is an editorial published in October 1879 in the theosophical magazine \\\"The Theosophist.\\\" It was compiled by Helena Blavatsky and it was included the 2nd volume of the \\\"Blavatsky Collected Writings.\\\" Arnold Kalnitsky wrote in his thesis that in this article \\\"we find a rather expansive statement of... [Blavatsky's] thoughts at that moment about the status of the movement, the Theosophical Society, its objectives, and the issues it was confronting.\\\" He wrote that the article begins with a question whether the Theosophists \\\"are they what they claim to be\\\": researchers of the\",\n \"title\": \"What Are The Theosophists?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14199300\",\n \"text\": \"identify as Buddhists. Buddhism in Russia Historically, Buddhism was incorporated into Russian lands in the early 17th century. Buddhism is considered as one of Russia's traditional religions, legally a part of Russian historical heritage. Besides the historical monastic traditions of Buryatia, Kalmykia and Tuva, Buddhism is now widespread all over Russia, with many ethnic Russian converts. The main form of Buddhism in Russia is the Gelukpa school of Tibetan Buddhism, informally known as the \\\"yellow hat\\\" tradition, with other Tibetan and non-Tibetan schools as minorities. Although Tibetan Buddhism is most often associated with Tibet, it spread into Mongolia, and via\",\n \"title\": \"Buddhism in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16774067\",\n \"text\": \"Sociological Society and the Society of Professional Sociologists,), and it is not clear what is the proper successor to the Soviet Sociological Association (disbanded in 1999). Two major centers of sociological research are the Institute of Sociology and the Institute of Sociopolitical Research, both at the Russian Academy of Sciences. The M. Kovalevskii Prize is the most prestigious modern Russian award for sociological research. There are about 30 sociology journals published in Russia, two of which are published in English: \\\"Sociological Research\\\" and \\\"Society and Education\\\". Between 1998 and 2006 more than 1,000 sociological books and monographs, including several dictionaries\",\n \"title\": \"Sociology in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"191537\",\n \"text\": \"Indian religions Indian religions, sometimes also termed as Dharmic faiths or religions, are the religions that originated in the Indian subcontinent; namely Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism. These religions are also all classified as Eastern religions. Although Indian religions are connected through the history of India, they constitute a wide range of religious communities, and are not confined to the Indian subcontinent. Evidence attesting to prehistoric religion in the Indian subcontinent derives from scattered Mesolithic rock paintings. The Harappan people of the Indus Valley Civilisation, which lasted from 3300 to 1300 BCE (mature period, 2600–1900 BCE), had an early urbanized\",\n \"title\": \"Indian religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6371982\",\n \"text\": \"Believers, new Russian converts to Protestantism, Catholicism and Eastern religions, and others—are automatically excluded from the calculations. Another criterion to count religious populations in Russia is that of \\\"religious observance\\\". Based on this principle, very few Russians would be religious. It has been found that between 0.5% and 2% of people in big cities attend Easter services, and overall just between 2% and 10% of the total population (3 to 15 million people) are actively practising Orthodox Christians. However, most Russians do attend Christmas services and avoid drinking alcohol during Easter. The proportion of practising Muslims among ethnic groups which\",\n \"title\": \"Religion in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11076474\",\n \"text\": \"tradition claims that the Jews are descended from Abraham, and adherents of Judaism derive their spiritual identity from Abraham as the first of the three \\\"fathers\\\" or biblical Patriarchs: Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. All the major Abrahamic religions claim a direct lineage to Abraham, although in Christianity this is understood in spiritual terms: Adam Dodds argues that the term \\\"Abrahamic faiths\\\", while helpful, can be considered misleading, as it conveys an unspecified historical and theological commonality that is problematic on closer examination. While there is commonality among the religions, in large measure their shared ancestry is peripheral to their respective\",\n \"title\": \"Abrahamic religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"191603\",\n \"text\": \"of religion as embodied in Article 25 (1) of the Constitution, Governor Naval Kishore Sharma returned the Gujarat Freedom of Religion (Amendment) Bill, 2006 citing the widespread protests by the Jains as well as Supreme Court's extrajudicial observation that Jainism is a \\\"special religion formed on the basis of quintessence of Hindu religion by the Supreme Court\\\". Indian religions Indian religions, sometimes also termed as Dharmic faiths or religions, are the religions that originated in the Indian subcontinent; namely Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism. These religions are also all classified as Eastern religions. Although Indian religions are connected through the\",\n \"title\": \"Indian religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14377020\",\n \"text\": \"Ghosts in Mesopotamian religions There are many references to ghosts in ancient Mesopotamian religion – the religions of Sumer, Babylon, Assyria and other early states in Mesopotamia. Traces of these beliefs survive in the later Abrahamic religions that came to dominate the region. The concept of ghosts or spirits in Mesopotamia is comparable to the shades of the deceased in the Underworld in the mythology of classical antiquity. The shades or spirits of the deceased were known as ' ( ) in Sumerian, which was borrowed as ' in Akkadian. The Sumerian word is analyzed as a compound of either\",\n \"title\": \"Ghosts in Mesopotamian religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20792642\",\n \"text\": \"special supreme status, which does not depend on any misconduct committed by \\\"individual members of the organization.\\\" She believes that the Theosophical Society is \\\"potentially a more effective institution\\\" than any scientific or religious organization. \\\"Unlike sectarian religions,\\\" Theosophy is not obsessed with differences, because it is based on the \\\"principle of universal brotherhood.\\\" Ultimately, the Theosophical ideals and goals surpass any \\\"existing ideologies and social movements.\\\" Therefore, Theosophy stands for a voluntarily accepted and approved \\\"spiritual orientation.\\\" Thus, according to the Theosophical view, universal brotherhood must become the \\\"logical and inevitable result\\\" of life. Kalnitsky noted that, according to\",\n \"title\": \"What Are The Theosophists?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4221954\",\n \"text\": \"critique would be too complex for many of them to understand. Its continued use has also been defended by the claim that it is what undergraduate students expect and that it mirrors what they will have been taught at school. Some scholars have argued for the rejection of the world religions paradigm altogether; Cotter and Robertson presented the argument that \\\"the continued uncritical use of the WRP fosters a breeding ground for relativistic navel-gazing which has no place in the contemporary research university\\\". Owen was of the view that \\\"as long as it continues to employ the World Religions paradigm\",\n \"title\": \"World religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12549741\",\n \"text\": \"has been organized annually the University of Waterloo, Ontario. The World Religions Conference (WRC) brings together scholars from the world’s major religions to speak on a common topic from the point of view of their respective religious traditions. Faith groups make presentations of recitations of their holy scriptures and set up displays at the event. The WRC serves the purpose of educating members of the community regarding interesting and relevant topics by providing a platform where all major religions can pool their collective wisdom and teachings regarding the topic. The conference is sponsored and organized by the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community\",\n \"title\": \"World Religions Conference\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16792843\",\n \"text\": \"the protection of his government, and offered to extend every facility for His removal to Russia.\\\" Starting in 1866, while in Adrianople, Bahá'u'lláh started writing a series of letters to world rulers, proclaiming his station as the promised one of all religions. His letters also asked them to renounce their material possessions, work together to settle disputes, and endeavour towards the betterment of the world and its peoples. Czar Alexander II of Russia was among them. “O Czar of Russia! Incline thine ear unto the voice of God, the King, the Holy, and turn thou unto Paradise, the Spot wherein\",\n \"title\": \"Bahá'í Faith in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18988033\",\n \"text\": \"What Are They Doing in Heaven? \\\"What Are They Doing in Heaven?\\\" is a Christian hymn written in 1901 by American Methodist minister Charles Albert Tindley. , it has become popular enough to have been included in 16 hymnals. The song has sometimes been recorded under the titles \\\"What Are They Doing?\\\" and \\\"What Are They Doing in Heaven Today?\\\". The question mark is often omitted. The song may also be known by its first line, \\\"I am thinking of friends whom I used to know\\\". The song consists of four verses and a refrain, each four lines long. In\",\n \"title\": \"What Are They Doing in Heaven?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18988035\",\n \"text\": \"in a wide variety of styles, including gospel and bluegrass; sometimes attributed to Phillips or to \\\"anonymous\\\" or to \\\"traditional\\\". What Are They Doing in Heaven? \\\"What Are They Doing in Heaven?\\\" is a Christian hymn written in 1901 by American Methodist minister Charles Albert Tindley. , it has become popular enough to have been included in 16 hymnals. The song has sometimes been recorded under the titles \\\"What Are They Doing?\\\" and \\\"What Are They Doing in Heaven Today?\\\". The question mark is often omitted. The song may also be known by its first line, \\\"I am thinking of\",\n \"title\": \"What Are They Doing in Heaven?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11710065\",\n \"text\": \"for consumers in a commercial economy. Theorists assert that a true religious economy is the result of religious pluralism, giving the population a wider variety of choices in religion. According to the theory, the more religions there are, the more likely the population is to be religious and hereby contradicting the secularization thesis. Theories about religions Sociological and anthropological theories about religion (or theories of religion) generally attempt to explain the origin and function of religion. These theories define what they present as universal characteristics of religious belief and practice. From presocratic times, ancient authors advanced prescientific theories about religion.\",\n \"title\": \"Theories about religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20792648\",\n \"text\": \"often attracted all sorts of neurotics, hysterics and even madmen: \\\"All organisations which depend on enthusiasm and opposition to conventional opinion suffer from this problem to some degree; Theosophy appears to have been especially prone to it. The permanent residents at Adyar during the 1880s and '90s were typical. A quarrelsome collection of minor English aristocrats, rich American widows, German professors, Indian mystics and hangerson of every description, they were all eager to have their say, especially during Olcott's prolonged absences, and all ready to quarrel with one another.\\\" What Are The Theosophists? \\\"What Are The Theosophists?\\\" is an editorial\",\n \"title\": \"What Are The Theosophists?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3391392\",\n \"text\": \"so on. According to Alvaro Gil-Robles, relations between the representatives of the different religious communities are generally harmonious. Gil-Robles emphasized the amount of state support provided by both federal and regional authorities for the different religious communities, and stressed the example of the Republic of Tatarstan as \\\"veritable cultural and religious melting pot\\\". Along with that, Catholics are not always heeded as well as other religions by federal and local authorities. Vladimir Lukin noted in 2005, that citizens of Russia rarely experience violation of freedom of conscience (guaranteed by the article 28 of the Constitution). So, the Commissioner's Office annually\",\n \"title\": \"Human rights in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5339637\",\n \"text\": \"Eastern religions The Eastern religions are the religions that originated in East, South and Southeast Asia and thus have dissimilarities with Western religions. This includes the East Asian religions (Shintoism, Sindoism, Taoism and Confucianism), Indian religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism and Jainism) as well as animistic indigenous religions. This East-West religious distinction, just as with the East-West culture distinction, and the implications that arise from it, is broad and not precise. Furthermore, the geographical distinction has less meaning in the current context of global transculturation. While many Western observers attempt to distinguish between Eastern philosophies and religions, this is a distinction\",\n \"title\": \"Eastern religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"341459\",\n \"text\": \"in Russia, and among Slavs various movements have emerged besides Christianity, including Rodnovery (Slavic Native Faith), Ringing Cedars' Anastasianism, Hinduism, Siberian shamanism and other religions. Currently, there is no official census of religion in Russia, and estimates are based on surveys only. In 2012 the research organization Sreda published Arena Atlas, a detailed enumeration of religious populations and nationalities in Russia, based on a large-sample country-wide survey. They found that 46.8% of Russians declared themselves Christians (including 41% Russian Orthodox, 1.5% simply Orthodox or members of non-Russian Orthodox churches, 4.1% unaffiliated Christians, and less than 1% for both Catholic and\",\n \"title\": \"Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9709292\",\n \"text\": \"from the knowledge of such Tao. Some ancient schools merged into traditions with different names or became extinct, such as Mohism (and many others of the Hundred Schools of Thought), which was largely absorbed into Taoism. East Asian religions include many theological stances, including polytheism, nontheism, henotheism, monotheism, pantheism, panentheism and agnosticism. East Asian religions have many Western adherents, though their interpretations may differ significantly from traditional East Asian religious thought and culture. The place of East Asian religions among major religious groups is comparable to the Abrahamic religions found in Europe and the Western World as well as across\",\n \"title\": \"East Asian religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19115631\",\n \"text\": \"Iranians in Russia Iranian Russians or Persian Russians (; ) are Iranians in the Russian Federation, and are Russian citizens or permanent residents of (partial) Iranian national background. Iranians have a long history within what is modern-day Russia, stretching back millennia. With their historical core in southern Dagestan and the pivotal Iranian town of Derbent, the territory remained, intermittently, in Iranian hands encompassed for many centuries until 1813, resulting in a steady flow and settling of people from mainland Iran. There are two historically Iranian communities in Russia; the Tats, who are amongst the native inhabitants of the North Caucasus,\",\n \"title\": \"Iranians in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11710058\",\n \"text\": \"the compensation is what controls the choice, or in other words the choices which the \\\"rational actors\\\" make are \\\"rational in the sense that they are centered on the satisfaction of wants\\\". It has been observed that social or political movements that fail to achieve their goals will often transform into religions. As it becomes clear that the goals of the movement will not be achieved by natural means (at least within their lifetimes), members of the movement will look to the supernatural to achieve what cannot be achieved naturally. The new religious beliefs are compensators for the failure to\",\n \"title\": \"Theories about religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5658289\",\n \"text\": \"Religions of the ancient Near East The religions of the ancient Near East were mostly polytheistic, with some early examples of primitive monolatry (Yahwism/Judaism, Mardukites), Ashurism and Monism (Atenism). Some scholars believe that the similarities between these religions indicate that the religions are related, a belief known as patternism. Many religions of the ancient near East and their offshoots can be traced to Proto-Semitic religion. Other religions in the ancient Near East include Ancient Egyptian religion, the Luwian and Hittite religions of Asia Minor and the Sumerian religion of ancient Mesopotamia. Offshoots of Proto-Semitic religion include Assyro-Babylonian religion, Canaanite religion,\",\n \"title\": \"Religions of the ancient Near East\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14702118\",\n \"text\": \"is No Natural Religion\\\". The plates were sold from the Linnell estate on 15 March 1918 to Henry E. Huntington. Plate 2 was acquired by George A. Smith in 1853. It may have subsequently been owned by William Muir, but was ultimately sold at Sotheby's by Sir Hickman Bacon on 21 July 1953, to Geoffrey Keynes, who donated it to the Fitzwilliam Museum in 1982. After the original 1795 printing, the text of \\\"All Religions\\\" was not published again until 1893, in \\\"The Works of William Blake, Poetic, Symbolic and Critical\\\", edited by W.B. Yeats and E.J. Ellis. Until 1971,\",\n \"title\": \"All Religions are One\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14702129\",\n \"text\": \"to engrave the frontispiece. Blake became so enamoured of Lavater's work that on the inside cover of his own copy of the book, he inscribed both his name and Lavater's, and drew a heart encompassing them. Blake also extensively annotated his own copy of \\\"Aphorisms\\\", and a number of critics have noted parallels between the Lavater annotations and Blake's own aphorisms in both \\\"All Religions\\\" and \\\"No Natural Religion\\\". S. Foster Damon specifically points to Lavater's first two aphorisms as having a strong influence on Blake; To these points Blake has annotated \\\"This is true Christian philosophy far above all\",\n \"title\": \"All Religions are One\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2237513\",\n \"text\": \"the shaping of religions in the context of the nation-state as the \\\"invention of traditions.\\\" Religious traditions fall into super-groups in comparative religion, arranged by historical origin and mutual influence. Abrahamic religions originate in West Asia, Indian religions in the Indian subcontinent (South Asia) and East Asian religions in East Asia. Another group with supra-regional influence are Afro-American religion, which have their origins in Central and West Africa. One way to define a major religion is by the number of current adherents. The population numbers by religion are computed by a combination of census reports and population surveys (in countries\",\n \"title\": \"Major religious groups\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9471533\",\n \"text\": \"stage. What Are We Doin' in Love \\\"What Are We Doin' in Love\\\" is a song written by Randy Goodrum and recorded by American country music artist Dottie West with the uncredited vocals of Kenny Rogers. It was released in March 1981 as the second single from the album \\\"Wild West\\\". \\\"What Are We Doin' in Love\\\" was the duo's third and final number one on the country chart. Since 1978, West and Rogers had been together as a duet partnership. Rogers revived the career of Dottie West when their song \\\"Every Time Fools Collide\\\" became a hit in 1978.\",\n \"title\": \"What Are We Doin' in Love\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9471531\",\n \"text\": \"What Are We Doin' in Love \\\"What Are We Doin' in Love\\\" is a song written by Randy Goodrum and recorded by American country music artist Dottie West with the uncredited vocals of Kenny Rogers. It was released in March 1981 as the second single from the album \\\"Wild West\\\". \\\"What Are We Doin' in Love\\\" was the duo's third and final number one on the country chart. Since 1978, West and Rogers had been together as a duet partnership. Rogers revived the career of Dottie West when their song \\\"Every Time Fools Collide\\\" became a hit in 1978. They\",\n \"title\": \"What Are We Doin' in Love\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4359844\",\n \"text\": \"Salt Palace Convention Center in Salt Lake City, Utah. 9,806 attendees, performers, and volunteers from 73 countries, 30 major religions and 548 sub-traditions participated in the Parliament. During the closing ceremony, Imam Abdul Malik Mujahid announced that the Parliament would henceforth be held every two years, with the next gathering scheduled for 2017. This was later changed to 2018. The Board of Trustees of the Parliament organization selected Toronto as the site of the 2018 Parliament of the World's Religions at their April 2017 Board meeting. The event was scheduled for November 1-7, 2018. From March to May 1930, Kyoto,\",\n \"title\": \"Parliament of the World's Religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5293459\",\n \"text\": \"Russian nationalist leader of the organization People's Liberation Front of Russia (which says its major goal is to \\\"free\\\" Russia from Caucasian and Hebrew \\\"occupiers\\\"), made the following statement: \\\"We Russian nationalists, the initiators of the people's front, we are telling you that the events of December 11 are the beginning of the revolutionary changes in Russia, the first outbursts of the approaching Russian revolution... You are the ones who can participate in it.\\\" In 2016, Kyrgyzstan's President Almazbek Atambayev urged Russians to show respect to his countrymen after an assault on two migrants in Moscow. On 11 January 2006,\",\n \"title\": \"Racism in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1394429\",\n \"text\": \"Tatar cultures. The city has registered a brand \\\"The Third Capital of Russia\\\", though a number of other major Russian cities compete for this status, including Nizhny Novgorod, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Samara, all being major cultural centers with rich history and prominent architecture. Veliky Novgorod, Pskov, Dmitrov and the cities of Golden Ring (Vladimir, Yaroslavl, Kostroma and others) have at best preserved the architecture and the spirit of ancient and medieval Rus', and also are among the main tourist destinations. Many old fortifications (typically Kremlins), monasteries and churches are scattered throughout Russia, forming its unique cultural landscape both in big\",\n \"title\": \"Tourism in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20186224\",\n \"text\": \"make up approximately 300 out of almost 2000 inhabitants of the municipality. In Siberia (modern Krasnoyarsk Krai), the village () was founded by Latvian settlers in 1859. The village still exists and has less than one hundred inhabitants. Since the 1990s, there is a number of Latvian organizations and Latvian Lutheran parishes in Russia, primarily in major cities such as Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Omsk, Tomsk, Smolensk and others. Latvians in Russia Latvians in Russia are a small ethnic minority scattered across various regions of Russia. According to the 2010 census, 18,979 people in Russia identified themselves as ethnic Latvians, down\",\n \"title\": \"Latvians in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15295319\",\n \"text\": \"Irkutsk and South Yakutsk basins. The two major coal producers in Russia are Rosugol and Donugol. Over two-thirds of coal produced in Russia is used domestically. Russia is self-sufficient in coal, and consumed 223 million tons of coal in 2009. The percentage of coal in Russian power generation has been declining since 1990, when it was 20.7%, due to increasing gas consumption as well as increasing nuclear and hydroelectric energy production. Currently only 14.4% of Russia's power is produced from coal. Coal in Russia Coal is one of the largest sources of energy in Russia, accounting for 14.4% of the\",\n \"title\": \"Coal in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19115647\",\n \"text\": \"from Iran, who migrated to the North Caucasus and parts of Transcaucasia. In Russia, they inhabit Chechnya, Kabardino-Balkaria, and Krasnodar Krai. Iranians in Russia Iranian Russians or Persian Russians (; ) are Iranians in the Russian Federation, and are Russian citizens or permanent residents of (partial) Iranian national background. Iranians have a long history within what is modern-day Russia, stretching back millennia. With their historical core in southern Dagestan and the pivotal Iranian town of Derbent, the territory remained, intermittently, in Iranian hands encompassed for many centuries until 1813, resulting in a steady flow and settling of people from mainland\",\n \"title\": \"Iranians in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1394418\",\n \"text\": \"Tourism in Russia Tourism in Russia has seen rapid growth since the late Soviet times, first inner tourism and then international tourism as well. Rich cultural heritage and great natural variety place Russia among the most popular tourist destinations in the world. Not including Crimea, the country contains 23 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, while many more are on UNESCO's tentative lists. Major tourist routes in Russia include a travel around the Golden Ring of ancient cities, cruises on the big rivers including the Volga, and long journeys on the famous Trans-Siberian Railway. Diverse regions and ethnic cultures of Russia offer\",\n \"title\": \"Tourism in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11468579\",\n \"text\": \"system in Russia was \\\"the highest stage of robber capitalism”. He believes that \\\"Russia is not corrupt. Corruption is what happens in all countries when businessmen offer officials large bribes for favors. Today’s Russia is unique. The businessmen, the politicians, and the bureaucrats are the same people. They have privatized the country’s wealth and taken control of its financial flows.\\\" Such views are also shared by former CIA director James Woolsey who said in a 1999 Congressional Statement: \\\"I have been particularly concerned for some years, beginning during my tenure, with the interpenetration of Russian organized crime, Russian intelligence and\",\n \"title\": \"Crime in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14377025\",\n \"text\": \"and misfortune on them. Physical ailments resulting from hearing or seeing a ghost included headaches, eye and ear problems, various intestinal pains, shortness of breath and dizziness, fever and neurological and mental disorders. Cures involved ritual performances with use of offerings, libations, figurines, ritual burial and dispatch, encirclement, amulets, fumigants, bandages, salves, potions, washes, and suppositories. Other Mesopotamian diseases were blamed on gods or ghosts, each causing a particular sickness. Ghosts in Mesopotamian religions There are many references to ghosts in ancient Mesopotamian religion – the religions of Sumer, Babylon, Assyria and other early states in Mesopotamia. Traces of these\",\n \"title\": \"Ghosts in Mesopotamian religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4221956\",\n \"text\": \"world religions paradigm. She cited the example of her introductory course at Leeds Trinity University College, which was constructed on thematic lines rather than according to the world religions paradigm, and which induced feelings of panic among many undergraduates. Many scholars who are critical of the world religions paradigm find themselves having to teach it as part of introductory courses for undergraduate students. Some spent much of a course teaching the concept and then several sessions after this deconstructing it. Some scholars have suggested that even when students are taught using the world religions paradigm, it could be a good\",\n \"title\": \"World religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15267395\",\n \"text\": \"Temple of All Religions The Temple of All Religions (, ) or the Universal Temple () is a unique architectural complex in the Staroye Arakchino Microdistrict of Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia. It consists of several types of religious architecture including an Orthodox church, a mosque, and a synagogue, among others. It is currently under construction since 1992, started by local artist and philanthropist Ildar Khanov. The structure serves as a cultural center and a residence for Khanov and his assistants. Khanov is known for his efforts in the treatment of alcoholism, drug addiction, and various other diseases. His former and current\",\n \"title\": \"Temple of All Religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12416326\",\n \"text\": \"escalate into a major international incident. TV Guide wrote, \\\"beautiful women fill the screen at frequent intervals in this amiable comedy\\\"; and AllMovie wrote, \\\"\\\"You Know What Sailors Are\\\" top-bills Akim Tamiroff as the president of a mythical Foreign country, but the film belongs to Donald Sinden as the well-meaning young officer who precipitates the whole affair.\\\" You Know What Sailors Are (1954 film) You Know What Sailors Are is a 1954 British comedy film directed by Ken Annakin from a screenplay by Peter Rogers. It starred Donald Sinden, Michael Hordern, Bill Kerr, Dora Bryan and Akim Tamiroff. Three British\",\n \"title\": \"You Know What Sailors Are (1954 film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11076477\",\n \"text\": \"in 2012, Aaron W. Hughes published a book about the category Abrahamic religions as an example of \\\"abuses of history.\\\" He said that only recently the category \\\"Abrahamic religions\\\" has come into use and that it is a \\\"vague referent.\\\" It is \\\"largely a theological neologism\\\" and \\\"an artificial and imprecise\\\" term. Combining the Jewish, Christian, and Muslim religions into this one category might serve the purpose of encouraging \\\"interfaith trialogue\\\", but it is not true to the \\\"historical record\\\". Abrahamic religions is \\\"an ahistorical category\\\". There are \\\"certain family resemblances\\\" among these three religions, but the \\\"amorphous\\\" term Abrahamic\",\n \"title\": \"Abrahamic religions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13815721\",\n \"text\": \"in smoking. According to a survey reported in 2010 by Russia’s Health and Social Development Ministry, 43.9 million adults in Russia are smokers. Among Russians aged 19 to 44 years, 7 in 10 men smoke and 4 in 10 women smoke. It is estimated that 330,000-400,000 people die in Russia each year due to smoking-related diseases. A smoking ban was introduced in 2014. Alcohol consumption and alcoholism are major problems in Russia. It is estimated that Russians drink 15 litres (26 pints) of pure alcohol each year. This number is nearly 3 times as much as it was in 1990.\",\n \"title\": \"Health in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13556410\",\n \"text\": \"Gambling in Russia Gambling in Russia is legal in only four regional subject areas, and in 2009 was made illegal in all other areas of Russia. In 2009, gambling was banned almost everywhere in Russia. The only exceptions are four specially arranged zones in the Altai, Krasnodar, Kaliningrad, and Primorsky regions. Gambling has been a major policy problem for the Russian government since the early 21st century. The problem was the rapidly increasing number of slot machines and gambling houses, including casinos, spreading all over the country. This caused a little concern for the government. According to city officials, after\",\n \"title\": \"Gambling in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18800469\",\n \"text\": \"What Are Records? What Are Records? (or W.A.R.?) is an independent record label located in Boulder, Colorado. Founded in New York City in 1991 by owner Rob Gordon, former director of A&R at EMI, the company moved to Boulder in 1994. W.A.R.? has released over 100 records by Frank Black (of the Pixies), Bill Burr, Stephen Lynch, The Samples, Maceo Parker, Melissa Ferrick, and Whitest Kids U' Know. What Are Records? was founded in Gordon’s New York City loft in 1991. From the beginning, it fostered a direct-to-stores and direct-to-consumers distribution strategy Friend of Gordon and The Samples then-manager, Ted\",\n \"title\": \"What Are Records?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13789629\",\n \"text\": \"Alliance of Religions and Conservation The Alliance of Religions and Conservation (ARC) is a United Kingdom-based international organisation founded by Prince Philip, in 1995. ARC is a secular body whose aim is to assist the major religions of the world to develop environmental programmes based on their own core teachings, beliefs and practices. In 2007 it joined with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) to develop a significant and innovative programme to work with the world’s major faiths to address issues of global warming and the natural environment through the development of faith-based “Long Term Commitments for a Living Planet”\",\n \"title\": \"Alliance of Religions and Conservation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3391410\",\n \"text\": \"migrants were officially registered in Russia, while some 5-7 million migrants do not have legal status. Most of foreigners arriving in Russia are seeking jobs. In many cases they have no preliminary contracts or other agreements with a local employer. A typical problem is the illegal status of many foreigners (i.e., they are not registered and have no identity papers), what deprives them of any social assistance (as of 2004) and often leads to their exploitation by the employer. Despite that, foreigner workers still benefit, what with seeming reluctance of regional authorities to solve the problem forms a sort of\",\n \"title\": \"Human rights in Russia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16086774\",\n \"text\": \"The Pagan Religions of the Ancient British Isles The Pagan Religions of the Ancient British Isles: Their Nature and Legacy is a book of religious history and archaeology written by the English historian Ronald Hutton, first published by Blackwell in 1991. It was the first published synthesis of the entirety of pre-Christian religion in the British Isles, dealing with the subject during the Palaeolithic, Neolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age, Roman occupation and Anglo-Saxon period. It then proceeds to make a brief examination of their influence on folklore and contemporary Paganism. In keeping with what was by then the prevailing academic\",\n \"title\": \"The Pagan Religions of the Ancient British Isles\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["russian orthodox church","islam"],"string":"[\n \"russian orthodox church\",\n \"islam\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":593,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"what do most nigerians speak?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"10824193","text":"of instances of extremism, most Nigerians continue to peacefully coexist with each other, and a common Nigerian identity has been fostered amongst the more-educated and affluent Nigerians as well as with the many Nigerians who leave small homogeneous ethnic communities to seek economic opportunities in the cities where the population is ethnically mixed. Although there are cultural divisions amongst Nigerians, Nigerians commonly use the English language as their primary language. Also, most Nigerians share a strong commitment to individual liberties and democracy. Even during periods of military rule, such military governments were pressured to maintain democratic stances by the Nigerian","title":"Nigerians"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10824193\",\n \"text\": \"of instances of extremism, most Nigerians continue to peacefully coexist with each other, and a common Nigerian identity has been fostered amongst the more-educated and affluent Nigerians as well as with the many Nigerians who leave small homogeneous ethnic communities to seek economic opportunities in the cities where the population is ethnically mixed. Although there are cultural divisions amongst Nigerians, Nigerians commonly use the English language as their primary language. Also, most Nigerians share a strong commitment to individual liberties and democracy. Even during periods of military rule, such military governments were pressured to maintain democratic stances by the Nigerian\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"20040798","text":"some of the richest people in the world. Aliko Dangote, a Nigerian, is the richest black man alive. The percentage of poor Nigerians is not as high as this stereotype portrays it. This is one of the negative stereotypes about Nigerians. It is generally believed by most non-Nigerians that Nigerians are not well educated and cannot speak English. This is a myth as Nigerians have one of the highest literacy rates in Africa and English is the official language in Nigeria due to its multi-ethnic status. Stereotypes of Nigerians Nigerians are one of the most misunderstood people in Africa, by","title":"Stereotypes of Nigerians"},{"psg_id":"20040796","text":"Stereotypes of Nigerians Nigerians are one of the most misunderstood people in Africa, by both other Africans and non-Africans. There are some stereotypes typically associated with Nigerians and these are both positive and negative. Apart from the general stereotypes, there are peculiar stereotypes concerning the ethnic groups in Nigeria that even other Nigerians believe and propagate. It is generally believed that Nigerians are open-minded and quick to try new things. Nigerians are generally regarded as hard-working people who are willing to go the extra mile for success. Nigerians are regarded as a very proud people. They also feature as one","title":"Stereotypes of Nigerians"},{"psg_id":"13957362","text":"are married, have children, and live in families, rather than alone. The Netherlands love Nigerians however they do have a relatively low unemployment rate compared to other migrant groups, as a result of the fact that most migrated for marriage or specifically for employment purposes, rather than as asylum-seekers. There are an estimated 500 Nigerians holding Dutch passports working for large Dutch and international organisations such as ABN AMRO, Nike, the United Nations, the former CMG Consulting, IBM Global Services, Celtel, Orange, KPN, and the trade unions federation FNV. However, many migrants complain that it is difficult to find work","title":"Nigerians in the Netherlands"},{"psg_id":"10824194","text":"people. Nigeria's political figures commonly know multiple indigenous languages outside their own indigenous language. Nigerians Nigerians or Nigerian people are citizens of Nigeria or people with ancestry from Nigeria. Nigeria is composed of multiple ethnic groups and cultures and the term Nigerian refers to a citizenship-based civic nationality. Nigerians derive from over 250 ethnic groups and languages. Though there are multiple ethnic groups in Nigeria, economic factors result in significant mobility of Nigerians of multiple ethnic and religious backgrounds to reside in territories in Nigeria that are outside their ethnic or religious background, resulting in the intermixing of the various","title":"Nigerians"},{"psg_id":"12689146","text":"for those who can't get enough of those heady days of the early- to mid-'70s when an artist could still go into the studio and make an album like this, Nobody Knows What You Do will speak to the inner hippie-hillbilly.\" All tracks composed by John Hartford; except where indicated Nobody Knows What You Do Nobody Knows What You Do is an album by John Hartford, released in 1976. After recording the minimalist \"Mark Twang\", Hartford returned to the studio with a band. The new material leaned more toward country-rock than bluegrass, which he would continue with 1977's Dillard Hartford","title":"Nobody Knows What You Do"},{"psg_id":"15705835","text":"intended to return to Nigeria after completing their courses, but ended up staying in Ireland. Migration began to become more noticeable after 1981. Medical students trained at the Royal College of Surgeons as well as Trinity College. The first significant mass-migration of Nigerians to Ireland comprised Nigerians from the United Kingdom. Most came only with the intention of extending their UK visas and then returning, but the ones who failed settled down in Ireland as illegal immigrants. After the landmark High Court case \"Fajujonu v. Minister for Justice\", which prohibited deportation of parents of Irish-born children, more Nigerians began coming","title":"Nigerians in Ireland"},{"psg_id":"6988633","text":"Amazon.co.uk, \"Her most outrageous but greatest video moment is where she parodies certain movie stars in the chic video for \"What Do I Have to Do?\", and because of her heavy eye make-up almost earns herself the title drag-queen Kylie (watch out for sister Dannii who briefly stars in the video, wearing a blonde wig).\" These are the formats and track listings of major single releases of \"What Do I Have to Do\". Minogue performed the song on the following concert tours: The song was also performed on: What Do I Have to Do \"What Do I Have to Do\"","title":"What Do I Have to Do"},{"psg_id":"20562027","text":"Nigerians in China Nigerians in China are the expat population from Nigeria living in China. According to Nigerian Senator David Mark on a delegation visit to China in May 2014, there are about 10,000 Nigerians living in China. Nigerians are concentrated in Guangzhou, a city in the Guangdong province with a large population of Africans. Chinese Ambassador to Nigeria Gu Xiaojie in 2015 stated Nigerians are the largest African population in China. Incidents involving local police and Nigerians have sparked riots in 2009 and 2012 by the African community in Guangzhou. In 2009, two Nigerians escaped a police raid on","title":"Nigerians in China"},{"psg_id":"10824188","text":"franca\" of Nigerians. About 50 percent of Nigerians are Muslims and the other 50 percent are Christians. Nigerians come from multiple ethnic and religious backgrounds as the creation of Nigeria was the result of a colonial creation by the British Empire that did not correlate with ethnic and religious boundaries. There have been several major historical states in Nigeria that have influenced Nigerian society via their kings and their legal and taxation systems, and the use of religion to legitimize the power of the king and to unite the people. Northern Nigeria has been culturally influenced by Islamic influence including","title":"Nigerians"},{"psg_id":"20562030","text":"sum of money. Nigerian Ambassador stated that more than 50 of the arrested held Nigerian passports. Nigerians in China Nigerians in China are the expat population from Nigeria living in China. According to Nigerian Senator David Mark on a delegation visit to China in May 2014, there are about 10,000 Nigerians living in China. Nigerians are concentrated in Guangzhou, a city in the Guangdong province with a large population of Africans. Chinese Ambassador to Nigeria Gu Xiaojie in 2015 stated Nigerians are the largest African population in China. Incidents involving local police and Nigerians have sparked riots in 2009 and","title":"Nigerians in China"},{"psg_id":"17092225","text":"community. Nigerians in India Nigerians in India form one of the largest African communities in the country. As of November 2013, there are about 50,000 Nigerians living and working in India. They live in cities such as New Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Bangalore, Goa and Jaipur. It is estimated that there are more than 2,500 Nigerians living in Delhi 3,000 in Bangalore, 9,000 in Goa and with another 4,000 spread across the rest of the country. Neither the police nor the Nigerian High Commission has details of the number of Nigerians currently residing in India. Many Nigerians are also found in","title":"Nigerians in India"},{"psg_id":"17092223","text":"Nigerians in India Nigerians in India form one of the largest African communities in the country. As of November 2013, there are about 50,000 Nigerians living and working in India. They live in cities such as New Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Bangalore, Goa and Jaipur. It is estimated that there are more than 2,500 Nigerians living in Delhi 3,000 in Bangalore, 9,000 in Goa and with another 4,000 spread across the rest of the country. Neither the police nor the Nigerian High Commission has details of the number of Nigerians currently residing in India. Many Nigerians are also found in several","title":"Nigerians in India"},{"psg_id":"15705849","text":"Irish population and housing census of 2011, 10,093 people spoke Yoruba at home, making it the most widely spoken African language in the country, while 3,875 spoke Igbo. Other Nigerian languages were not specified. In contrast to other migrant groups surveyed, Nigerians have a high level of English usage in almost all kinds of interactions, including with children, with other Nigerian friends, in other socialisation, and at work; only communication with partners was an exception to this trend. 95% rate themselves as having \"fluent\" or \"adequate\" command of English. However, they are strongly likely to feel that they do not","title":"Nigerians in Ireland"},{"psg_id":"13957360","text":"Nigerians in the Netherlands There is a small community of Nigerians in the Netherlands, which began to grow in the late 1980s. The earliest Nigerian asylum-seekers came to the Netherlands in 1987. As of 2006, the primary modes of migration of Nigerians are for marriage, work or study. Many of the Nigerians in the Netherlands for training are employees of Royal Dutch Shell. There is also some circular migration between Nigerians in the United Kingdom and in the Netherlands. One study, based on the cohort arriving in 1998, estimated that 25% of Nigerians who arrive in the Netherlands leave after","title":"Nigerians in the Netherlands"},{"psg_id":"20040797","text":"of the happiest people on earth. This stereotype is mainly a product of the many Nigerian prince 419 scams which were popular. Many people believe that a large percent of Nigerians are into internet scam and fraud. While it is true that some youths take to it, the stereotype is essentially misplaced as the number of youths partaking in this is minimal. Most internet scammers simply prefer to use Nigeria and Nigerian identities in their schemes. This stereotype stems from the general perception that Africans are poor and in need of charity. It is important to note that Nigerians have","title":"Stereotypes of Nigerians"},{"psg_id":"15472275","text":"Vietnamese people and media lump them all together as \"Nigerians\". In 2009, at the suggestion of Vietnamese immigration officials, Nigerian residents formed the Nigerian Union in Vietnam in an effort of self-policing, in order to improve the public image of Nigerians and represent legitimate Nigerian businesspeople effectively to the authorities. Nigerians in Vietnam Nigerians in Vietnam are mostly expatriates from Nigeria residing in Vietnam for business or economic purposes. They are part of a new wave of Nigerian emigrants going to non-traditional migration destinations such as Ethiopia, Ghana, and Mozambique rather than traditional favorites like Libya, the United Kingdom, or","title":"Nigerians in Vietnam"},{"psg_id":"6988625","text":"What Do I Have to Do \"What Do I Have to Do\" is a song performed by Australian singer and songwriter Kylie Minogue taken from her third studio album \"Rhythm of Love\" (1990). The song was written and produced by Stock, Aitken & Waterman. Originally, the song was planned to be released after the single \"Better the Devil You Know\", but instead \"Step Back in Time\" was released and this was released as the third single on 21 January 1991. The song received positive reviews from most music critics, who thought the song was an instant rave classic. The song","title":"What Do I Have to Do"},{"psg_id":"20608312","text":"Radio\" and \"Because I Love You\" (the band's most popular songs). The perennial \"Because I Love You\" also gained new prominence around that time via its use in a series of advertisements for a well-known brand of jeans; the revamped version of \"Because I Love You\" peaked at No. 30 on the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Singles Charts. Side B is live recordings taken from the 1988 reunion tour. All songs written by Doug Ford and Jim Keays, except where noted. Do What You Wanna Do (album) Do What You Wanna Do is the fifth studio album by the","title":"Do What You Wanna Do (album)"},{"psg_id":"16950061","text":"Nigerians in Japan Nigerians and other West African migrants began coming to Japan in the mid-1980s as migrant workers. Legal migrants often enter via student visas, which allow them to work for a limited number of hours each week.. As of 2017 Japan has significantly eased restrictions on skilled immigrants gaining permanent right-to-remain visas, making them a logical follow-on from student visas. There are a number of organizations for Nigerian immigrants in Japan. The Nigerian Union in Japan, the oldest one, was founded in 1990. The Nigerian Union restarted twice, most recently in 2010. The Imo State Union, founded in","title":"Nigerians in Japan"},{"psg_id":"13957365","text":"lotteries sent by Nigerian networks in the Netherlands. The total value of the fraud was estimated at US$2.1 billion. Nigerians in the Netherlands There is a small community of Nigerians in the Netherlands, which began to grow in the late 1980s. The earliest Nigerian asylum-seekers came to the Netherlands in 1987. As of 2006, the primary modes of migration of Nigerians are for marriage, work or study. Many of the Nigerians in the Netherlands for training are employees of Royal Dutch Shell. There is also some circular migration between Nigerians in the United Kingdom and in the Netherlands. One study,","title":"Nigerians in the Netherlands"},{"psg_id":"1793149","text":"is expressed in outward action, it is also the effect of grace. Indeed, Wesley could speak of sanctification by faith as an analogous doctrine to the more widely held belief in justification by faith. Because Christian perfection is also visible in outward good works and a rigorously moral lifestyle, adherents of the Holiness movement assumed that a perfectly moral lifestyle is a consequence (not the cause) of the state of grace and ultimate salvation. Charles Spurgeon, a well-known evangelical preacher in London, used the phrase \"what would Jesus do\" in quotation marks several times in a sermon he gave on","title":"What would Jesus do?"},{"psg_id":"10538627","text":"of Gulong ng Palad which won most popular song from this album and awqarded by S Magazine as Song of the Year. Sabihin Mo Sa Akin was the theme song of Anne Curtis' Kampanerang Kuba, and finally, Dahil Nagmamahal became the theme song of ABS-CBN's show for Filipino workers abroad entitled Nagmamahal, Kapamilya hosted by Bernadette Sembrano.And. her carrier single, What I do Best won as Best Song Performed by a Female Artist given by iFM Pinoy Music Awards. What I Do Best What I Do Best is Sheryn Regis' second studio album under Star Records, released on July 2005","title":"What I Do Best"},{"psg_id":"17092224","text":"unauthorized colonies like Munirka, Uttam Nagar and Mukherjee Nagar. Nigerians have a negative public image in Indian society as some Nigerians are involved in illegal activities in India such as drug trafficking, drug abuse, prostitution trafficking, fraud and forgery of travel documents, such as passports and visas, trafficking in stolen documents. There are also more than 500 known Nigerians in various jails across India. The All India Nigerian Students and Community Association (AINSCA), a non-official arm of the Nigerian embassy helps members of the community living in India. It liaisons proactively with Delhi police to nab unscrupulous elements in the","title":"Nigerians in India"},{"psg_id":"15472272","text":"Nigerians in Vietnam Nigerians in Vietnam are mostly expatriates from Nigeria residing in Vietnam for business or economic purposes. They are part of a new wave of Nigerian emigrants going to non-traditional migration destinations such as Ethiopia, Ghana, and Mozambique rather than traditional favorites like Libya, the United Kingdom, or the United States. They refer to poor economic conditions in their homeland, including lack of electricity and public safety, as their primary motivations for emigration. Many Africans, including Nigerians, run fashion shops in Tan Phu district, Ho Chi Minh City. Others are believed to have been attracted to the country","title":"Nigerians in Vietnam"},{"psg_id":"12516220","text":"What Would Tyler Durden Do? What Would Tyler Durden Do? (WWTDD) is a gossip blog named for the \"Fight Club\" character Tyler Durden, and playing on the Christian inspirational phrase 'What would Jesus do?' The blog, which is occasionally not safe for work, is notable for publishing rumours, criticism and revealing photographs of celebrities. The posts to the blog typically consist of a report followed by commentary from the author. Its readership is primarily from the United States. In a 2006 Youth Trends survey, What Would Tyler Durden Do? was one of two blogs of the top 10 most popular","title":"What Would Tyler Durden Do?"},{"psg_id":"1793157","text":"expression has become a snowclone, sometimes for humorous effect. For example, \"What Would Jesus Buy?\", \"What Would Lincoln Do?\", \"What Would Brian Boitano Do?\", \"What Would Mary Marvel Do?\", \"What Would Johnny Cash Do?\", and \"What would Tintin do?\". The term \"What Would Jesus Do?\" or \"WWJD\" is also perceived as a fundamental management and leadership principle given Jesus' methodology of going to the marketplace to preach and lead by example. In modern management principles, more academic and professional references are going to the gemba or Management by Walking Around. What would Jesus do? The phrase \"What would Jesus do?\"","title":"What would Jesus do?"},{"psg_id":"14746909","text":"Do You Know What I'm Going to Do Next Saturday? Do You Know What I'm Going To Do Next Saturday? is a 1963 children's book published by Beginner Books and written by Helen Palmer Geisel, the first wife of Theodor Seuss Geisel (Dr. Seuss). Unlike most of the Beginner Books, \"Do You Know What I'm Going To Do Next Saturday?\" did not follow the format of text with inline drawings, being illustrated with black-and-white photographs by Lynn Fayman, featuring a boy named Rawli Davis. It is sometimes misattributed to Dr. Seuss himself. The book's cover features a photograph of a","title":"Do You Know What I'm Going to Do Next Saturday?"},{"psg_id":"6695713","text":"covered by Reba McEntire for her 1994 album, \"Read My Mind.\" As listed in liner notes. What Do I Do with Me What Do I Do with Me is a 1991 album by American country music singer Tanya Tucker. It was her highest-placing on the Billboard charts reaching #6 in the Country albums and #48 on the Pop albums categories. The album produced four Top Ten hits on the Hot Country Songs charts: \"(Without You) What Do I Do with Me\" and \"Down to My Last Teardrop\" both at number two, \"Some Kind of Trouble\" at number three, and \"If","title":"What Do I Do with Me"},{"psg_id":"6695712","text":"What Do I Do with Me What Do I Do with Me is a 1991 album by American country music singer Tanya Tucker. It was her highest-placing on the Billboard charts reaching #6 in the Country albums and #48 on the Pop albums categories. The album produced four Top Ten hits on the Hot Country Songs charts: \"(Without You) What Do I Do with Me\" and \"Down to My Last Teardrop\" both at number two, \"Some Kind of Trouble\" at number three, and \"If Your Heart Ain't Busy Tonight\" at number four. The track \"Everything That You Want\" was later","title":"What Do I Do with Me"},{"psg_id":"6008294","text":"memorial on the side of the road, to kneel down and say that she saw him, answering his question asked earlier in the video \"What do you see?\" when they were talking about the future. The music video was directed by Shaun Silva in early 2006. Rascal Flatts' version of the song is set in the key of F minor, with a vocal range of E♭3-C 5. The main chord pattern is Fm-D♭-A♭-E♭. From \"Me and My Gang\" liner notes. In 2007, German Eurodance trio Cascada recorded a cover of \"What Hurts the Most\" for their second studio album, \"Perfect","title":"What Hurts the Most"},{"psg_id":"20334753","text":"success. He has further gone on to call that rather than demonetization as an exercise, better end to end income and asset tracking mechanisms, including the usage of biometric systems such as Aadhaar will be instrumental in battling 'black money'. I Do What I Do I do what I Do is a non fiction book authored by economist and former Governor of the Reserve Bank of India, Raghuram Rajan published by Harper Collins India in 2017. The book is a collection of speeches delivered by Rajan during his stint as the Governor of the Reserve Bank of India along with","title":"I Do What I Do"},{"psg_id":"20334751","text":"I Do What I Do I do what I Do is a non fiction book authored by economist and former Governor of the Reserve Bank of India, Raghuram Rajan published by Harper Collins India in 2017. The book is a collection of speeches delivered by Rajan during his stint as the Governor of the Reserve Bank of India along with his commentary on the economic and political context prevalent at that time. The book was released on September 5, 2017 and quickly made its way to topping the list of best sellers on Amazon India and Flipkart. The book has","title":"I Do What I Do"},{"psg_id":"15814084","text":"& Tracks for the chart week of January 15, 2000. Do What You Gotta Do \"Do What You Gotta Do\" is a song written by guitarist Pat Flynn and recorded by the New Grass Revival for their 1989 Capitol album \"Friday Night in America\". The song was also recorded by American country music artist Garth Brooks. It was released in January 2000 as fifth and final single from the 1997 album, \"Sevens\". The song reached number 13 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts and peaked at number 18 on the Canadian \"RPM\"","title":"Do What You Gotta Do"},{"psg_id":"15814082","text":"Do What You Gotta Do \"Do What You Gotta Do\" is a song written by guitarist Pat Flynn and recorded by the New Grass Revival for their 1989 Capitol album \"Friday Night in America\". The song was also recorded by American country music artist Garth Brooks. It was released in January 2000 as fifth and final single from the 1997 album, \"Sevens\". The song reached number 13 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts and peaked at number 18 on the Canadian \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart. The song was issued over two years","title":"Do What You Gotta Do"},{"psg_id":"18937847","text":"On the chart dated 6 February 2016, the song spent a 21st consecutive week inside the Hot 100's top ten, tying with Nicki Minaj's \"Starships\" and Maroon 5's \"Sugar\" for the most weeks a song has logged in the Hot 100's top 10 from its debut. The record was surpassed later by Bieber's \"Love Yourself\", which spent 23 consecutive weeks in the top ten since its debut. As of February 2016, \"What Do You Mean?\" has sold over 1,600,000 copies in the United States. In Bieber's native Canada, \"What Do You Mean?\" debuted at number one on the Canadian Hot","title":"What Do You Mean?"},{"psg_id":"11398933","text":"singing voice had \"power and flair\", but criticized the songwriting of most songs other than \"I Don't Think I Will\" and \"The Devil Goes Fishin'\". What I Live to Do What I Live to Do is the first album by the American country music artist James Bonamy. Released in February 1996, it includes the single \"I Don't Think I Will\", a number 2 hit on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks charts, and \"She's Got a Mind of Her Own\" and \"All I Do Is Love Her\". The first single, \"Dog on a Toolbox\", was withdrawn by the","title":"What I Live to Do"},{"psg_id":"10038255","text":"Ain't What You Do \"Ain't What You Do\" is a single released in 2003 by the UK hip hop/R&B group Big Brovaz. The single is the fifth and final single taken from Big Brovaz' 2002 debut album, \"Nu-Flow\". \"Ain't What You Do\" became Big Brovaz' fifth UK hit but their first to miss the top ten, peaking at number fifteen and spending seven weeks inside the top seventy-five of the UK Singles Chart. The single was not released in Australia. \"Ain't What You Do\" is based on Fun Boy Three and Bananarama's collaboration \"It Ain't What You Do (It's the","title":"Ain't What You Do"},{"psg_id":"15705848","text":"A Nigerian-run beauty pageant, The Most Beautiful African Girl is also in Ireland. Some Nigerian churches have been established in various places in Ireland, along with various Nigerian-owned shops and restaurants, especially in Dublin's Moore Street. The Association of Nigerian Doctors in Ireland (ANDI) was inaugurated in a dinner on 6 June 2015. Nigerians have also established several magazines such as \"Bold & Beautiful\" and \"Xclusive\". Nigerian television stations are available through satellite providers such as Africa Independent Television and BEN Television. Yoruba and Igbo were the most common spoken languages by the Nigerian community in Ireland. According to the","title":"Nigerians in Ireland"},{"psg_id":"5525516","text":"the album's recording took place at Sound City in Los Angeles. The tracks \"Before I Speak\" and \"Doesn't Get Much Better\" were recorded in Riabko's bedroom at his parents' home just prior to the completion of the album. Three singles were released from the album: \"Carry On,\" \"Do You Right,\" and \"What Did I Get Myself Into.\" Before I Speak Before I Speak is the debut album from Canadian singer/songwriter Kyle Riabko. The album infuses R&B style with elements of funk and soul. The album was released a few months prior to Riabko's high school graduation. Each song on the","title":"Before I Speak"},{"psg_id":"9930755","text":"vocalists on \"If Love Was a River\", which they also co-wrote. Adam Wright also wrote the track \"Strong Enough\". Giving the album all four stars, \"People\" magazine said on the album that Jackson \"continues to sound more and more like Merle Haggard, which is tantamount to approaching perfection.\" \"What I Do\" debuted at #1 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" 200 selling 139,000 copies, becoming his third #1 album, and #1 on the Top Country Albums, becoming his seventh #1 country album. The album was certified Platinum by the RIAA in October 2004. What I Do What I Do is the twelfth","title":"What I Do"},{"psg_id":"9930754","text":"What I Do What I Do is the twelfth studio album by American country music artist Alan Jackson. It was released on September 7, 2004, and produced four singles for Jackson on the Hot Country Songs charts: \"Too Much of a Good Thing\" and \"Monday Morning Church\" both reached #5, while \"The Talkin' Song Repair Blues\" and \"USA Today\" both reached #18. \"What I Do\", however, was the first album of his career not to produce any #1 hits. The Wrights, a duo composed of Adam and Shannon Wright (the former of whom is Jackson's nephew) are featured as background","title":"What I Do"},{"psg_id":"17514848","text":"1972 studio album \"See All Her Faces\". Yellowman covered it for \"King Yellowman\" (1984). \"Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do\" is sampled in \"Upgrade U\" by Beyoncé and Jay-Z, from Beyoncé's album \"B'Day\" (2006) and in \"No Homo Outro\", a track from \"Turtleneck & Chain\" (2011) by The Lonely Island. Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do \"Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do\" is a single by American recording artist Betty Wright from her debut studio album \"My First Time Around\" (1968). It was written by Willie Clarke and Clarence Reid, and released in 1968 by Alston Records.","title":"Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do"},{"psg_id":"17514846","text":"Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do \"Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do\" is a single by American recording artist Betty Wright from her debut studio album \"My First Time Around\" (1968). It was written by Willie Clarke and Clarence Reid, and released in 1968 by Alston Records. It reached number thirty-three on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and number fifteen on the US Hot Rhythm & Blues Singles. It has been covered and sampled by several artists. \"Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do\" is a song written by Willie Clarke and Clarence Reid. It was arranged by","title":"Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do"},{"psg_id":"16345967","text":"In the \"What Ya Wanna Do\" music video, all the featured rappers spit verses by turn, recording their posse cut in the studio. The song contains a sample from \"Do You Wanna Go Party\" as written by Harry Wayne Casey and Richard Finch and performed by KC and the Sunshine Band on their sixth studio album \"Do You Wanna Go Party\". Adapted from Discogs What Ya Wanna Do \"What Ya Wanna Do?\" is a single by American recording artist Ice-T from his third studio album \"The Iceberg/Freedom of Speech...Just Watch What You Say\". It was released in 1989 via Sire","title":"What Ya Wanna Do"},{"psg_id":"12138900","text":"the past: \"Why don't you do what you do / when you did what you did to me?\" Its B-side is \"Tell Me I'm Not Dreamin' (Too Good to Be True)\", a duet with Michael Jackson. The song was sampled by Lil Wayne for \"How Could Something\" and by Chamillionaire for \"Void In My Life\". The music video was an imitation of \"The Godfather\" and supermodel Iman played Jackson's love interest who eventually betrays him by trying to shoot him. After his henchmen take her away, it is not revealed what happened to her. Do What You Do (Jermaine Jackson","title":"Do What You Do (Jermaine Jackson song)"},{"psg_id":"16950065","text":"Special Correspondent covering the African community in Japan, publishing a series of feature articles on the Nigerian community in particular. The Japan Times' stories included coverage of civic organizations, cultural groups, religious institutions, the red light districts, marriage and family life, and claims of an emerging 'integration gap' separating well-integrated African immigrants from those struggling after arriving in Japan. Nigerians in Japan Nigerians and other West African migrants began coming to Japan in the mid-1980s as migrant workers. Legal migrants often enter via student visas, which allow them to work for a limited number of hours each week.. As of","title":"Nigerians in Japan"},{"psg_id":"15705851","text":"other groups surveyed (Chinese, Indians, and Lithuanians, ranging from 40% to 60%). Nigerians in Ireland According to the 2011 census, there were 17,642 resident Nigerians in Ireland, representing a 9.67% change over the 2006 figures of 16,300 Nigerian born people resident in Ireland. They constitute the largest African group in the country. Recent Nigerian migration to Ireland began after Nigeria's independence from the United Kingdom in 1960; migration began to accelerate slightly during the late 1960s Nigerian Civil War, though it remained small. Early Nigerian migration to Ireland consisted primarily of businesspeople, especially in the fishing industry (Irish-exported mackerel is","title":"Nigerians in Ireland"},{"psg_id":"15705847","text":"of Ireland. Nigerian organisations are typically ethnic-specific (as in the Bini Community in Ireland and the Igbo Progressive Union) or local-specific (as in the Association of Nigerians in Galway). There is also an umbrella organisation, the Nigerian Association Network in Ireland. Nigerians are also active in pan-African organisations and general migrant organisations. Arambe Theater Productions, a pan-African drama group, was established in 2003 by Nigerian performance artist Bisi Adigun. There is also Nigerian Carnival Ireland (NCI), an annual festival to celebrate Nigerian & other ethnic cultures in Ireland, established in 2010 by Nigerian TV personality & consummate speaker Yemi Adenuga.","title":"Nigerians in Ireland"},{"psg_id":"15705844","text":"their home country, and has been interpreted as evidence of deskilling. About half of Nigerian men and two-thirds of Nigerian women feel that their qualifications are fully recognised in their main job. Compared to other groups they have an intermediate level of income (majority reporting between €14,401 and €31,720). Fewer than 2% are employed in predominantly Irish working environments. Compared to other migrant groups, Nigerians have been noted for their high level of involvement in electoral politics, community organisations, and anti-racism struggles. By 2008, two Nigerians had been elected to city council positions in Ireland, namely in Portlaoise (Rotimi Adebari)","title":"Nigerians in Ireland"},{"psg_id":"15705834","text":"Nigerians in Ireland According to the 2011 census, there were 17,642 resident Nigerians in Ireland, representing a 9.67% change over the 2006 figures of 16,300 Nigerian born people resident in Ireland. They constitute the largest African group in the country. Recent Nigerian migration to Ireland began after Nigeria's independence from the United Kingdom in 1960; migration began to accelerate slightly during the late 1960s Nigerian Civil War, though it remained small. Early Nigerian migration to Ireland consisted primarily of businesspeople, especially in the fishing industry (Irish-exported mackerel is widely consumed in Nigeria). Other early migrants included medical students, who had","title":"Nigerians in Ireland"},{"psg_id":"10038256","text":"Way That You Do It)\". UK CD 1 UK CD 2 Ain't What You Do \"Ain't What You Do\" is a single released in 2003 by the UK hip hop/R&B group Big Brovaz. The single is the fifth and final single taken from Big Brovaz' 2002 debut album, \"Nu-Flow\". \"Ain't What You Do\" became Big Brovaz' fifth UK hit but their first to miss the top ten, peaking at number fifteen and spending seven weeks inside the top seventy-five of the UK Singles Chart. The single was not released in Australia. \"Ain't What You Do\" is based on Fun Boy","title":"Ain't What You Do"},{"psg_id":"17579986","text":"\"Do what u want/ What u want with my body/ Do what u want/ What u want with my body/ Write what you want, say what you want about me/ If you want you know that I'm not sorry\". According to the sheet music published at Musicnotes.com, \"Do What U Want\" is set in the time signature of common time, with a moderate tempo of 96 beats per minute. It is composed in the key of A major with Gaga's vocals spanning the tonal nodes of E to F. The song follows a basic sequence of D–E–Fm–E–D–E as its chord","title":"Do What U Want"},{"psg_id":"20608310","text":"Do What You Wanna Do (album) Do What You Wanna Do is the fifth studio album by the Masters Apprentices, released in November 1988 on Virgin Records. It was the group's first album in 17 years since \"A Toast To Panama Red\". In the early 1980s there was a revival of interest in the Masters Apprentices due partly to rock historian Glenn A. Baker, who featured the band for his \"Rock & Roll Trivia Show\" on Sydney radio's Triple J, which in turn led to the release of a definitive compilation LP, \"Hands of Time\" by Baker's Raven Records in","title":"Do What You Wanna Do (album)"},{"psg_id":"8557191","text":"What would Reagan do? What would Reagan do? (sometimes abbreviated WWRD) is a phrase that has become popular primarily among conservatives and Republicans in the United States. Its usage reflects a belief in former United States President Ronald Reagan as a model conservative leader whose philosophy and policies provide guidance and a good example for modern politicians. The phrase derives by analogy from the earlier phrase What would Jesus do? and its related initialism WWJD, coined in the 1890s and repopularized during the 1990s. While the phrase \"What would Reagan do?\" has existed since at least the early 2000s, it","title":"What would Reagan do?"},{"psg_id":"14121335","text":"and believe that nothing is impossible with God. That's what faith can do. The take-away message is to know that God cares for you personally and that He wants a personal relationship with each and every one of us. For believers, the song is a reminder about making a faithful commitment to live with the kind of faith that God calls each of us to have.\" The music video for the single \"What Faith Can Do\" was released on February 12, 2010. What Faith Can Do \"What Faith Can Do\" is a song by American Christian rock band Kutless from","title":"What Faith Can Do"},{"psg_id":"6008298","text":"hip-swiveling chorus after a flurry of robotic drum beats is certainly a good giggle.\" Kurt Kirton of About.com named it one of the album's standout tracks. Chuck Taylor of \"Billboard\" gave \"What Hurts the Most\" a positive review, writing that \"this track is remixed into a frothy uptempo anthem, complete with requisite percussive thump and an exulted vocal (with 12 mixes in all) that leaves the lyric's potential heartbreak in the dust.\" Taylor ended his review, asking \"Wouldn't it be wondrous if American programmers renewed their vow in 2008 to put variety on the airwaves—or do we really need a","title":"What Hurts the Most"},{"psg_id":"10032173","text":"What Mattered Most What Mattered Most is the debut album of American country music artist Ty Herndon, issued in 1995 on Epic Records. The album's title track, which was Herndon's debut single, reached No. 1 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts in mid-1995. Other singles from the album were, in order, \"I Want My Goodbye Back,\" \"Heart Half Empty\" (a duet with Stephanie Bentley) and \"In Your Face.\" Doug Johnson produced the entire album, with additional production from Ed Seay on \"Heart Half Empty\". \"What Mattered Most\" was released on April 18, 1995,","title":"What Mattered Most"},{"psg_id":"11393755","text":"What Do You Want from Me? (Cascada song) \"What Do You Want from Me?\" is a 2007 song recorded by Cascada. It was released in Germany on 7 March 2008 and was released on 24 March 2008 for the UK. \"\"What Do You Want From Me?\"\" was leaked online in advance of the \"Perfect Day\" album release, and was speculated to be title \"Tell Me Why\". In late 2007, All Around the World announced \"What Do You Want From Me?\" would be the U.K. follow-up to \"What Hurts the Most\". This track and \"Everytime We Touch\" share a similar chord","title":"What Do You Want from Me? (Cascada song)"},{"psg_id":"18937858","text":"Do You Mean?\" was performed at the 2015 MTV Europe Music Awards on October 25. Moreover, the song was also included on the set list for the Purpose World Tour. What Do You Mean? \"What Do You Mean?\" is a song recorded by Canadian singer Justin Bieber for his fourth studio album \"Purpose\" (2015). The song was released on August 28, 2015, as the album's lead single by Def Jam. Written by Bieber, Jason \"Poo Bear\" Boyd and Mason Levy, the song was produced by MdL and co-produced by Bieber. \"What Do You Mean?\" is a pop and tropical house","title":"What Do You Mean?"},{"psg_id":"2910892","text":"were well received. In 2003, the movement, already in its fourth year, aimed to not only encourage Singaporeans to speak well but also speak simple English. Chairman Wong said, \"They may be afraid to use English, it's not natural to them. This year what we would like to do is encourage people to try. Have a go even if they can't speak well, even if they cannot use long words, even if they can't use long sentences, it's not important. The idea is to use simple words, simple sentences and convey their message clearly.\" The movement continued throughout the year","title":"Speak Good English Movement"},{"psg_id":"12222265","text":"except what was in her heart.\" From \"What Mattered Most\" liner notes. The music video was directed by Steven Goldmann and premiered in early 1995. \"What Mattered Most\" debuted at number 62 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of February 25, 1995. What Mattered Most (song) \"What Mattered Most\" is the title of a debut song written by Gary Burr and Vince Melamed, and recorded by American country music singer Ty Herndon. It was released in February 1995 as Herndon's debut single, and was served as the lead-off single and title track from his","title":"What Mattered Most (song)"},{"psg_id":"20562029","text":"the Ambassador lamented that while there are many migrants in Guangzhou from neighboring African countries of Ivory Coast and Ghana and across Francophone Africa, the police didn’t bother those communities, concentrating on the Nigerian community due to high levels of crime and misbehavior. Nigerians were overrepresented among the suspects arrested in a major drug crackdown in July 2013. The raid on the Linhua Hotel (Dragon Hotel) in Yuexiu District, Guangzhou was carried out by 1,300 police officers. The Guangzhou Public Security Bureau arrested 168 suspects, most described as citizens of Nigeria and Mali, and found heroin, methamphetamines, and a large","title":"Nigerians in China"},{"psg_id":"16950063","text":"business vacuum to open their own bars, and hired their fellow countrymen as workers. Typically, Nigerians can be seen on the street as touts and bouncers for bars. Many of the migrants working in this industry are in training for or have completed qualifications for professional positions such as engineering in institutions in their home countries or in Japan, but were unable to find any other kind of work in Japan suited to their level of education. There are many Nigerian organizations in Japan. Most are affiliated with the Houston, Texas USA-based Nigerian Union Diaspora (NUD), which is the umbrella","title":"Nigerians in Japan"},{"psg_id":"16950062","text":"2002, replaced it to become the largest and most active, and has formally applied for non-profit status under Japanese law. Some Nigerian migrants during the 1980s found work in factories. Later, after the end of the Japanese asset price bubble reduced opportunities for such work, they shifted into the night-life industry in Tokyo's entertainment districts such as Kabukichō or Roppongi, a line of employment with a high level of public visibility. Many of the bars in these areas were previously owned by Chinese or Koreans, but during a police crackdown in 2002, closed down; Nigerians took advantage of the resulting","title":"Nigerians in Japan"},{"psg_id":"15705846","text":"they often suffered bullying from their managers as well as their co-workers. They are often stereotyped as criminals. They are also more likely than other groups surveyed to feel that Irish people are not accepting of diverse cultures and communities as part of society. There are many Nigerian organisations in Ireland. Most are affiliated with the Houston, Texas-based Nigerian Union Diaspora (NUD), which is the umbrella Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) for the economic and political empowerment of the people of Nigerian descent outside Nigeria. Community organisations established by Nigerians within Ireland include the Nigerian Association of Ireland and the Igbo Association","title":"Nigerians in Ireland"},{"psg_id":"13957361","text":"four years. Nigerians point to the relative difficulty of finding work or starting businesses as a major driver for onward migration to the United Kingdom. , statistics of the Dutch Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek with regards to people of Nigerian origin showed: For a total of 9,453 persons (5,147 men, 4,306 women). This represented roughly three times the 1996 total of 3,136 persons. The population has shown a year-on-year increase every year since then. The proportion of second-generation Nigerians born in the Netherlands has also shown a consistent rise since 1996. The majority of Nigerian adults in the Netherlands","title":"Nigerians in the Netherlands"},{"psg_id":"17514847","text":"Ray Love and produced by Brad Shapiro and Steve Alaimo for Wright's recording, which was released as a 7\" single in 1968 by Alston Records—it was Wright's first release under that label. The B-side for the single was \"Sweet Lovin' Daddy\". \"Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do\" peaked at number thirty-three on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100, and at number fifteen on the US Hot Rhythm & Blues Singles. The song's theme was unpopular with the feminist movement, according to Andrew Hamilton from AllMusic. Dusty Springfield recorded a cover version \"Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do\" for her","title":"Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do"},{"psg_id":"16774477","text":"the 2010 election. A majority of those he spoke with and listened to were Republicans, especially among the 87 new legislators. The title of the book, \"Do Not Ask What Good We Do\", is taken from a sentence in a letter from Fisher Ames to Thomas Dwight, dated May 30, 1796: \"Do not ask what good we do : that is not a fair question, in these days of faction.\" The prologue to the book details how, on the night of Obama's inauguration, a group of around 15 Republican Representatives and Senators met in the Caucus Room, a \"high-end D.C.","title":"Do Not Ask What Good We Do"},{"psg_id":"16774476","text":"Do Not Ask What Good We Do Do Not Ask What Good We Do: Inside the U.S. House of Representatives is a 2012 book by the author Robert Draper and published by Free Press. It details the activities of Republicans and Democrats in the United States House of Representatives and the Senate during the first term of Barack Obama's presidency. The book was republished under the title When the Tea Party Came to Town. In order to research the activities and politics within the House of Representatives, Draper \"embedded with new and senior House members\" that had been elected in","title":"Do Not Ask What Good We Do"},{"psg_id":"12138898","text":"Do What You Do (Jermaine Jackson song) \"Do What You Do\" is a single by American R&B singer Jermaine Jackson, sibling of singers Michael and Janet Jackson and former member of The Jackson 5. It was released as the second single from his 1984 album, entitled \"Jermaine Jackson\" in the United States but marketed as \"Dynamite\" in the United Kingdom and other countries. This was one of Jermaine's first releases with Arista Records after a long recording career with Motown Records, first as a member of The Jackson 5, then later as a solo artist. Although Jermaine Jackson never achieved","title":"Do What You Do (Jermaine Jackson song)"},{"psg_id":"9854119","text":"What Would Joey Do? What Would Joey Do? is a 2003 novel in a series by Jack Gantos about the character, Joey Pigza. The title is a play on the Christian phrase \"What would Jesus do?\", which Mrs. Lapp, Joey's homeschooling tutor, asks him at her doorstep on every visit. The phrase is also a mirror to Joey's own trouble-filled life, as to which choice would be the best for \"mopping up the messy corners of his life.\" The book deals with Joey as he tries to take charge of correcting his wrongs in his life and the lives of","title":"What Would Joey Do?"},{"psg_id":"6528922","text":"Do What U Like \"Do What U Like\" is the debut single by English boy band Take That. It was released on 12 July 1991 as the lead single from their debut studio album, \"Take That & Party\" (1992). The song was written by Gary Barlow and Ray Hedges, and it was produced by Hedges with additional production by Graham Stack. \"Do What U Like\" was released on 15 July 1991 as the lead single from Take That's debut album \"Take That & Party\" (1992). The single was released on then-manager Nigel Martin-Smith's record label Dance U.K. and was a","title":"Do What U Like"},{"psg_id":"20155752","text":"performed it on \"Sommarkrysset\" and during RIX FM Festival concerts. A music video for the song was released onto YouTube on 12 May 2017. It was filmed in Cyprus and directed by Konrad Aksinowicz. The video sees Margaret as a star of a video game. What You Do (song) \"What You Do\" is a song recorded by Polish singer Margaret for her third studio album, \"Monkey Business\" (2017). The song was written by Margaret, Arash Labaf, Robert Uhlmann, Anderz Wrethov and Thomas Karlsson, and produced by Uhlmann, Labaf and Wrethov, with co-production from Alex Papaconstantinou. \"What You Do\" was released","title":"What You Do (song)"},{"psg_id":"20155751","text":"What You Do (song) \"What You Do\" is a song recorded by Polish singer Margaret for her third studio album, \"Monkey Business\" (2017). The song was written by Margaret, Arash Labaf, Robert Uhlmann, Anderz Wrethov and Thomas Karlsson, and produced by Uhlmann, Labaf and Wrethov, with co-production from Alex Papaconstantinou. \"What You Do\" was released worldwide as the lead single from \"Monkey Business\" on 12 May 2017. The single reached number fourteen on the Polish Airplay Chart. It also charted in Russia and received radio airplay in Sweden (the single peaked at number one on RIX FM chart) where Margaret","title":"What You Do (song)"},{"psg_id":"19847957","text":"\"incompetent, irrelevant and immaterial\". Prints of \"What Do Men Want?\" are maintained at the Library of Congress and UCLA Film and Television Archive. What Do Men Want? What Do Men Want? is a 1921 American silent drama film written, produced, and directed by Lois Weber and starring her muse Claire Windsor. As described in a film magazine, at the girls school gymnasium in the small town of Oakdale everyone is happily discussing the upcoming ball with the exception of Bertha (Kessler), who is left to herself by the other girls because her father is in an insane asylum and she","title":"What Do Men Want?"},{"psg_id":"18937838","text":"\"What do you mean / When you nod your head yes, but you wanna say no? / What do you mean / When you don't want me to move, but you tell me to go?.\" \"USA Today\" Carly Mallenbaum, who heard the song in early August, described it as a \"catchy dance track for the club\". Similarly, a writer for \"The Daily Beast\" said, \"['What Do You Mean?' is] pretty damn catchy; a slow-burner that, like that collab, swells into a Bieber banger\". Gil Kaufman of MTV News also called it a \"banger\", explaining, \"the track is classic JB: seductive,","title":"What Do You Mean?"},{"psg_id":"18937831","text":"What Do You Mean? \"What Do You Mean?\" is a song recorded by Canadian singer Justin Bieber for his fourth studio album \"Purpose\" (2015). The song was released on August 28, 2015, as the album's lead single by Def Jam. Written by Bieber, Jason \"Poo Bear\" Boyd and Mason Levy, the song was produced by MdL and co-produced by Bieber. \"What Do You Mean?\" is a pop and tropical house song, with its instrumentation consisting in light flourishes of panpipes, looped vocal samples, piano chords, fervent synths, bass and \"slick beat\" elements with the sound of a clock ticking, while","title":"What Do You Mean?"},{"psg_id":"16255014","text":"Year. The music video was directed by Peter Zavadil and premiered in April 2002. \"Just What I Do\" debuted at number 55 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart for the week of January 19, 2002. Just What I Do \"Just What I Do\" is a song recorded by American country music group Trick Pony. It was released in January 2002 as the third single from their debut album \"Trick Pony\". The song was written by group members Keith Burns and Ira Dean, with Burns taking lead vocals. The song was nominated for a 2003 Grammy Award","title":"Just What I Do"},{"psg_id":"14853338","text":"also stated that \"Jon's voice is crisp and clear, up in front in the mix; and Richie Sambora's guitar work is neat, clean, and growing more minimal by the minute\". Describing the composition, Osrin said that song \"continues the band's trend of recording music that tries to be more socially conscious than rollicking\". Songwriting and production Musicians \"What Do You Got?\" was used in a promotional video for \"Grey's Anatomy\" in Canada. What Do You Got? \"What Do You Got?\" is a song by American rock band Bon Jovi. It is one of four songs written for the band's \"Greatest","title":"What Do You Got?"},{"psg_id":"14853334","text":"What Do You Got? \"What Do You Got?\" is a song by American rock band Bon Jovi. It is one of four songs written for the band's \"Greatest Hits\" album, released in November 2010. The song is the first single from the compilation album. The song was released on the band's official website on August 27. It was officially released on September 21, 2010 as a digital download, but the physical single was released in Germany on October 22, 2010. \"What Do You Got?\" was written by Jon Bon Jovi, Richie Sambora and Brett James, produced by Howard Benson and","title":"What Do You Got?"},{"psg_id":"14847428","text":"by Calvert DeForest. \"What the Cowgirls Do\" debuted at number 71 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of July 9, 1994. What the Cowgirls Do \"What the Cowgirls Do\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Vince Gill. It was released in July 1994 as the second single from the album \"When Love Finds You\". The song reached number 2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. It was written by Gill and Reed Nielsen. Deborah Evans Price, of \"Billboard\" magazine reviewed the song favorably saying that the","title":"What the Cowgirls Do"},{"psg_id":"14121332","text":"What Faith Can Do \"What Faith Can Do\" is a song by American Christian rock band Kutless from their 2009 album of the same name \"It Is Well\". It was released on September 24, 2009, as the lead single. The song became the group's first Hot Christian Songs No. 1, staying there for eight weeks. It lasted 47 weeks on the overall chart. The song is played in a D major key at 138 beats per minute. \"What Faith Can Do\" was released on September 24, 2009, as the lead single for their sixth studio album \"It Is Well\". The","title":"What Faith Can Do"},{"psg_id":"10032177","text":"\"Heart Half Empty\", \"You Just Get One\", and \"In Your Face\" for their \"unduly shallow\" lyrics. An uncredited review in \"Billboard\" was favorable, sying that \"With a rich, expressive voice that is equally suited to pensive ballads and rollicking, uptempo tunes, Herndon is one of country's most impressive newcomers.\" What Mattered Most What Mattered Most is the debut album of American country music artist Ty Herndon, issued in 1995 on Epic Records. The album's title track, which was Herndon's debut single, reached No. 1 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts in mid-1995. Other","title":"What Mattered Most"},{"psg_id":"20426528","text":"Do What You Gotta Do (Jimmy Webb song) Do What You Gotta Do is a song that was written by Jimmy Webb. It was an R&B hit for Al Wilson in 1968. It was also a hit for Nina Simone that year and a local hit for New Zealand band Larry's Rebels as well. The single was released in December 1967. It was produced by Marc Gordon and arranged by Marty Paich. The B side \"Now I Know What Love Is\". For the week ending Jan 6, 1968, the single was bubbling under the Billboard Hot 100 at 127. By","title":"Do What You Gotta Do (Jimmy Webb song)"},{"psg_id":"20426523","text":"Do What You Gotta Do (Jimmy Webb song) Do What You Gotta Do is a song that was written by Jimmy Webb. It was an R&B hit for Al Wilson in 1968. It was also a hit for Nina Simone that year and a local hit for New Zealand band Larry's Rebels as well. The single was released in December 1967. It was produced by Marc Gordon and arranged by Marty Paich. The B side \"Now I Know What Love Is\". For the week ending Jan 6, 1968, the single was bubbling under the Billboard Hot 100 at 127. By","title":"Do What You Gotta Do (Jimmy Webb song)"},{"psg_id":"9871204","text":"Elation\" (1995). All tracks written by John Scofield. What We Do What We Do is the second studio album by jazz group The John Scofield Quartet. It was recorded in May 1992 and released the following year on the Blue Note label. Besides John Scofield on guitar, the quartet features saxophonist Joe Lovano, Bill Stewart on drums and Dennis Irwin on bass, replacing Marc Johnson. Irwin and Scofield (both born in 1951) had already recorded together in the mid-1980s with Bennie Wallace on a track for his album \"Sweeping Through the City.\" Irwin would be the bassist on two more","title":"What We Do"},{"psg_id":"9871203","text":"What We Do What We Do is the second studio album by jazz group The John Scofield Quartet. It was recorded in May 1992 and released the following year on the Blue Note label. Besides John Scofield on guitar, the quartet features saxophonist Joe Lovano, Bill Stewart on drums and Dennis Irwin on bass, replacing Marc Johnson. Irwin and Scofield (both born in 1951) had already recorded together in the mid-1980s with Bennie Wallace on a track for his album \"Sweeping Through the City.\" Irwin would be the bassist on two more albums by Scofield, \"Hand Jive\" (1994) and \"Groove","title":"What We Do"},{"psg_id":"8675029","text":"some academic description for the uninitiated. At the time of the book's writing, the author was studying Witchcraft with Maxine and Alex Sanders, with whom Farrar collaborated on the book. What Witches Do What Witches Do is a book by Stewart Farrar, and is an eye-witness account of Wiccan practices, namely that of the Alexandrian coven run by Alex Sanders and his wife Maxine Sanders. Farrar was a practicing witch and a member of an active coven. In this book, he explores his version of the fundamental beliefs and premises of Witchcraft and explains his interpretation of its symbolism. The","title":"What Witches Do"},{"psg_id":"8675028","text":"What Witches Do What Witches Do is a book by Stewart Farrar, and is an eye-witness account of Wiccan practices, namely that of the Alexandrian coven run by Alex Sanders and his wife Maxine Sanders. Farrar was a practicing witch and a member of an active coven. In this book, he explores his version of the fundamental beliefs and premises of Witchcraft and explains his interpretation of its symbolism. The ceremonies presented are primarily from Alexandrian Wicca, as practiced by the author and his wife, Janet Farrar. Much of the book concerns itself with quoting participants in Wiccan rites, with","title":"What Witches Do"},{"psg_id":"20316796","text":"appeared in a video game \"Just Dance 2018\" (as part of the downloadable content for the \"Just Dance Unlimited\" series). On July 10, 2018, French singer Christine and the Queens covered the song at the BBC Radio 1 Live Lounge. ! scope=\"row\"| Portugal (AFP) What Lovers Do \"What Lovers Do\" is a song by American pop rock band Maroon 5 featuring American R&B singer SZA. It was released on August 30, 2017, as the lead single from the band's sixth studio album \"Red Pill Blues\" (2017). The song contains an interpolation of the 2016 song \"Sexual\" by Neiked featuring Dyo,","title":"What Lovers Do"},{"psg_id":"20316795","text":"Voice\". In the United States, \"What Lovers Do\" has reached number nine on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, becoming Maroon 5's 13th and SZA's first top 10 in the country. As of September 2017, it has moved 116,000 copies in the United States according to Nielsen SoundScan. The track reached number seven on the ARIA Singles Chart, becoming the band's 10th single in Australia to reach the top 10. \"What Lovers Do\" was featured in the television shows \"Supergirl\", \"This Is Us\", \"Siesta Key\", \"Love Island\" and \"The Only Way Is Essex\" and the film \"I Feel Pretty\". The song also","title":"What Lovers Do"},{"psg_id":"20316792","text":"single \"Don't Wanna Know\", featuring American rapper Kendrick Lamar. Another single, entitled \"Cold\", featuring American rapper Future, was released on February 14, 2017. However, both songs are later appeared in the deluxe edition of \"Red Pill Blues\". In August 2017, videos and Snapchats from lead singer Adam Levine revealed that the group were recording the music video for \"What Lovers Do\" with recording artist SZA. On August 26, 2017, the name \"What Lovers Do\" and cover art for the track were revealed on the online media knowledge base website Genius. The release date for the single was revealed three days","title":"What Lovers Do"},{"psg_id":"20316791","text":"What Lovers Do \"What Lovers Do\" is a song by American pop rock band Maroon 5 featuring American R&B singer SZA. It was released on August 30, 2017, as the lead single from the band's sixth studio album \"Red Pill Blues\" (2017). The song contains an interpolation of the 2016 song \"Sexual\" by Neiked featuring Dyo, therefore Victor Rådström, Dyo and Elina Stridh are credited as songwriters. After extensive touring in support of their fifth studio album, \"V\" (2014), Maroon 5 began the writing and recording sessions for their sixth studio album. On October 11, 2016, the band released the","title":"What Lovers Do"},{"psg_id":"8388364","text":"What to Do with Daylight What to Do with Daylight is the debut album by New Zealand singer/songwriter, Brooke Fraser released in 2004. \"What to Do with Daylight\" was the top New Zealand album for 2004 (according to RIANZ), and went seven times Platinum. The album title comes from the album's first track \"Arithmetic\", as heard in the line \"Wondering what to do with daylight/Until I can make you mine\". The song was released as the album's fourth single in New Zealand. All five singles from the album reached the top 20 NZ singles chart and achieved No. 1 airplay","title":"What to Do with Daylight"},{"psg_id":"12516222","text":"following Jurgen's resignation. What Would Tyler Durden Do? What Would Tyler Durden Do? (WWTDD) is a gossip blog named for the \"Fight Club\" character Tyler Durden, and playing on the Christian inspirational phrase 'What would Jesus do?' The blog, which is occasionally not safe for work, is notable for publishing rumours, criticism and revealing photographs of celebrities. The posts to the blog typically consist of a report followed by commentary from the author. Its readership is primarily from the United States. In a 2006 Youth Trends survey, What Would Tyler Durden Do? was one of two blogs of the top","title":"What Would Tyler Durden Do?"},{"psg_id":"7189516","text":"killer machines and do the most insane stunts we've ever seen live.\" Erna says. Speak (Godsmack song) \"Speak\" is a single by the metal band Godsmack from their fourth album \"IV\". It reached number one on the U.S. \"Mainstream Rock\" chart and number ten on the \"Modern Rock\" chart. Tony Rombola wrote the music for \"Speak\". Tony recalls: \"While on tour with Metallica, Robbie, Shannon and I were jamming in the dressing room. Sully Erna popped his head in the room 'cause he really liked the riff we were playin' and he pretty much wrote the melody and finished the","title":"Speak (Godsmack song)"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20040798\",\n \"text\": \"some of the richest people in the world. Aliko Dangote, a Nigerian, is the richest black man alive. The percentage of poor Nigerians is not as high as this stereotype portrays it. This is one of the negative stereotypes about Nigerians. It is generally believed by most non-Nigerians that Nigerians are not well educated and cannot speak English. This is a myth as Nigerians have one of the highest literacy rates in Africa and English is the official language in Nigeria due to its multi-ethnic status. Stereotypes of Nigerians Nigerians are one of the most misunderstood people in Africa, by\",\n \"title\": \"Stereotypes of Nigerians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20040796\",\n \"text\": \"Stereotypes of Nigerians Nigerians are one of the most misunderstood people in Africa, by both other Africans and non-Africans. There are some stereotypes typically associated with Nigerians and these are both positive and negative. Apart from the general stereotypes, there are peculiar stereotypes concerning the ethnic groups in Nigeria that even other Nigerians believe and propagate. It is generally believed that Nigerians are open-minded and quick to try new things. Nigerians are generally regarded as hard-working people who are willing to go the extra mile for success. Nigerians are regarded as a very proud people. They also feature as one\",\n \"title\": \"Stereotypes of Nigerians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13957362\",\n \"text\": \"are married, have children, and live in families, rather than alone. The Netherlands love Nigerians however they do have a relatively low unemployment rate compared to other migrant groups, as a result of the fact that most migrated for marriage or specifically for employment purposes, rather than as asylum-seekers. There are an estimated 500 Nigerians holding Dutch passports working for large Dutch and international organisations such as ABN AMRO, Nike, the United Nations, the former CMG Consulting, IBM Global Services, Celtel, Orange, KPN, and the trade unions federation FNV. However, many migrants complain that it is difficult to find work\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in the Netherlands\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10824194\",\n \"text\": \"people. Nigeria's political figures commonly know multiple indigenous languages outside their own indigenous language. Nigerians Nigerians or Nigerian people are citizens of Nigeria or people with ancestry from Nigeria. Nigeria is composed of multiple ethnic groups and cultures and the term Nigerian refers to a citizenship-based civic nationality. Nigerians derive from over 250 ethnic groups and languages. Though there are multiple ethnic groups in Nigeria, economic factors result in significant mobility of Nigerians of multiple ethnic and religious backgrounds to reside in territories in Nigeria that are outside their ethnic or religious background, resulting in the intermixing of the various\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12689146\",\n \"text\": \"for those who can't get enough of those heady days of the early- to mid-'70s when an artist could still go into the studio and make an album like this, Nobody Knows What You Do will speak to the inner hippie-hillbilly.\\\" All tracks composed by John Hartford; except where indicated Nobody Knows What You Do Nobody Knows What You Do is an album by John Hartford, released in 1976. After recording the minimalist \\\"Mark Twang\\\", Hartford returned to the studio with a band. The new material leaned more toward country-rock than bluegrass, which he would continue with 1977's Dillard Hartford\",\n \"title\": \"Nobody Knows What You Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15705835\",\n \"text\": \"intended to return to Nigeria after completing their courses, but ended up staying in Ireland. Migration began to become more noticeable after 1981. Medical students trained at the Royal College of Surgeons as well as Trinity College. The first significant mass-migration of Nigerians to Ireland comprised Nigerians from the United Kingdom. Most came only with the intention of extending their UK visas and then returning, but the ones who failed settled down in Ireland as illegal immigrants. After the landmark High Court case \\\"Fajujonu v. Minister for Justice\\\", which prohibited deportation of parents of Irish-born children, more Nigerians began coming\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in Ireland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6988633\",\n \"text\": \"Amazon.co.uk, \\\"Her most outrageous but greatest video moment is where she parodies certain movie stars in the chic video for \\\"What Do I Have to Do?\\\", and because of her heavy eye make-up almost earns herself the title drag-queen Kylie (watch out for sister Dannii who briefly stars in the video, wearing a blonde wig).\\\" These are the formats and track listings of major single releases of \\\"What Do I Have to Do\\\". Minogue performed the song on the following concert tours: The song was also performed on: What Do I Have to Do \\\"What Do I Have to Do\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"What Do I Have to Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20562027\",\n \"text\": \"Nigerians in China Nigerians in China are the expat population from Nigeria living in China. According to Nigerian Senator David Mark on a delegation visit to China in May 2014, there are about 10,000 Nigerians living in China. Nigerians are concentrated in Guangzhou, a city in the Guangdong province with a large population of Africans. Chinese Ambassador to Nigeria Gu Xiaojie in 2015 stated Nigerians are the largest African population in China. Incidents involving local police and Nigerians have sparked riots in 2009 and 2012 by the African community in Guangzhou. In 2009, two Nigerians escaped a police raid on\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in China\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10824188\",\n \"text\": \"franca\\\" of Nigerians. About 50 percent of Nigerians are Muslims and the other 50 percent are Christians. Nigerians come from multiple ethnic and religious backgrounds as the creation of Nigeria was the result of a colonial creation by the British Empire that did not correlate with ethnic and religious boundaries. There have been several major historical states in Nigeria that have influenced Nigerian society via their kings and their legal and taxation systems, and the use of religion to legitimize the power of the king and to unite the people. Northern Nigeria has been culturally influenced by Islamic influence including\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20562030\",\n \"text\": \"sum of money. Nigerian Ambassador stated that more than 50 of the arrested held Nigerian passports. Nigerians in China Nigerians in China are the expat population from Nigeria living in China. According to Nigerian Senator David Mark on a delegation visit to China in May 2014, there are about 10,000 Nigerians living in China. Nigerians are concentrated in Guangzhou, a city in the Guangdong province with a large population of Africans. Chinese Ambassador to Nigeria Gu Xiaojie in 2015 stated Nigerians are the largest African population in China. Incidents involving local police and Nigerians have sparked riots in 2009 and\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in China\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17092225\",\n \"text\": \"community. Nigerians in India Nigerians in India form one of the largest African communities in the country. As of November 2013, there are about 50,000 Nigerians living and working in India. They live in cities such as New Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Bangalore, Goa and Jaipur. It is estimated that there are more than 2,500 Nigerians living in Delhi 3,000 in Bangalore, 9,000 in Goa and with another 4,000 spread across the rest of the country. Neither the police nor the Nigerian High Commission has details of the number of Nigerians currently residing in India. Many Nigerians are also found in\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in India\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17092223\",\n \"text\": \"Nigerians in India Nigerians in India form one of the largest African communities in the country. As of November 2013, there are about 50,000 Nigerians living and working in India. They live in cities such as New Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Bangalore, Goa and Jaipur. It is estimated that there are more than 2,500 Nigerians living in Delhi 3,000 in Bangalore, 9,000 in Goa and with another 4,000 spread across the rest of the country. Neither the police nor the Nigerian High Commission has details of the number of Nigerians currently residing in India. Many Nigerians are also found in several\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in India\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15705849\",\n \"text\": \"Irish population and housing census of 2011, 10,093 people spoke Yoruba at home, making it the most widely spoken African language in the country, while 3,875 spoke Igbo. Other Nigerian languages were not specified. In contrast to other migrant groups surveyed, Nigerians have a high level of English usage in almost all kinds of interactions, including with children, with other Nigerian friends, in other socialisation, and at work; only communication with partners was an exception to this trend. 95% rate themselves as having \\\"fluent\\\" or \\\"adequate\\\" command of English. However, they are strongly likely to feel that they do not\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in Ireland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13957360\",\n \"text\": \"Nigerians in the Netherlands There is a small community of Nigerians in the Netherlands, which began to grow in the late 1980s. The earliest Nigerian asylum-seekers came to the Netherlands in 1987. As of 2006, the primary modes of migration of Nigerians are for marriage, work or study. Many of the Nigerians in the Netherlands for training are employees of Royal Dutch Shell. There is also some circular migration between Nigerians in the United Kingdom and in the Netherlands. One study, based on the cohort arriving in 1998, estimated that 25% of Nigerians who arrive in the Netherlands leave after\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in the Netherlands\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20040797\",\n \"text\": \"of the happiest people on earth. This stereotype is mainly a product of the many Nigerian prince 419 scams which were popular. Many people believe that a large percent of Nigerians are into internet scam and fraud. While it is true that some youths take to it, the stereotype is essentially misplaced as the number of youths partaking in this is minimal. Most internet scammers simply prefer to use Nigeria and Nigerian identities in their schemes. This stereotype stems from the general perception that Africans are poor and in need of charity. It is important to note that Nigerians have\",\n \"title\": \"Stereotypes of Nigerians\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15472275\",\n \"text\": \"Vietnamese people and media lump them all together as \\\"Nigerians\\\". In 2009, at the suggestion of Vietnamese immigration officials, Nigerian residents formed the Nigerian Union in Vietnam in an effort of self-policing, in order to improve the public image of Nigerians and represent legitimate Nigerian businesspeople effectively to the authorities. Nigerians in Vietnam Nigerians in Vietnam are mostly expatriates from Nigeria residing in Vietnam for business or economic purposes. They are part of a new wave of Nigerian emigrants going to non-traditional migration destinations such as Ethiopia, Ghana, and Mozambique rather than traditional favorites like Libya, the United Kingdom, or\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in Vietnam\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6988625\",\n \"text\": \"What Do I Have to Do \\\"What Do I Have to Do\\\" is a song performed by Australian singer and songwriter Kylie Minogue taken from her third studio album \\\"Rhythm of Love\\\" (1990). The song was written and produced by Stock, Aitken & Waterman. Originally, the song was planned to be released after the single \\\"Better the Devil You Know\\\", but instead \\\"Step Back in Time\\\" was released and this was released as the third single on 21 January 1991. The song received positive reviews from most music critics, who thought the song was an instant rave classic. The song\",\n \"title\": \"What Do I Have to Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20608312\",\n \"text\": \"Radio\\\" and \\\"Because I Love You\\\" (the band's most popular songs). The perennial \\\"Because I Love You\\\" also gained new prominence around that time via its use in a series of advertisements for a well-known brand of jeans; the revamped version of \\\"Because I Love You\\\" peaked at No. 30 on the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Singles Charts. Side B is live recordings taken from the 1988 reunion tour. All songs written by Doug Ford and Jim Keays, except where noted. Do What You Wanna Do (album) Do What You Wanna Do is the fifth studio album by the\",\n \"title\": \"Do What You Wanna Do (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16950061\",\n \"text\": \"Nigerians in Japan Nigerians and other West African migrants began coming to Japan in the mid-1980s as migrant workers. Legal migrants often enter via student visas, which allow them to work for a limited number of hours each week.. As of 2017 Japan has significantly eased restrictions on skilled immigrants gaining permanent right-to-remain visas, making them a logical follow-on from student visas. There are a number of organizations for Nigerian immigrants in Japan. The Nigerian Union in Japan, the oldest one, was founded in 1990. The Nigerian Union restarted twice, most recently in 2010. The Imo State Union, founded in\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in Japan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13957365\",\n \"text\": \"lotteries sent by Nigerian networks in the Netherlands. The total value of the fraud was estimated at US$2.1 billion. Nigerians in the Netherlands There is a small community of Nigerians in the Netherlands, which began to grow in the late 1980s. The earliest Nigerian asylum-seekers came to the Netherlands in 1987. As of 2006, the primary modes of migration of Nigerians are for marriage, work or study. Many of the Nigerians in the Netherlands for training are employees of Royal Dutch Shell. There is also some circular migration between Nigerians in the United Kingdom and in the Netherlands. One study,\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in the Netherlands\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1793149\",\n \"text\": \"is expressed in outward action, it is also the effect of grace. Indeed, Wesley could speak of sanctification by faith as an analogous doctrine to the more widely held belief in justification by faith. Because Christian perfection is also visible in outward good works and a rigorously moral lifestyle, adherents of the Holiness movement assumed that a perfectly moral lifestyle is a consequence (not the cause) of the state of grace and ultimate salvation. Charles Spurgeon, a well-known evangelical preacher in London, used the phrase \\\"what would Jesus do\\\" in quotation marks several times in a sermon he gave on\",\n \"title\": \"What would Jesus do?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10538627\",\n \"text\": \"of Gulong ng Palad which won most popular song from this album and awqarded by S Magazine as Song of the Year. Sabihin Mo Sa Akin was the theme song of Anne Curtis' Kampanerang Kuba, and finally, Dahil Nagmamahal became the theme song of ABS-CBN's show for Filipino workers abroad entitled Nagmamahal, Kapamilya hosted by Bernadette Sembrano.And. her carrier single, What I do Best won as Best Song Performed by a Female Artist given by iFM Pinoy Music Awards. What I Do Best What I Do Best is Sheryn Regis' second studio album under Star Records, released on July 2005\",\n \"title\": \"What I Do Best\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17092224\",\n \"text\": \"unauthorized colonies like Munirka, Uttam Nagar and Mukherjee Nagar. Nigerians have a negative public image in Indian society as some Nigerians are involved in illegal activities in India such as drug trafficking, drug abuse, prostitution trafficking, fraud and forgery of travel documents, such as passports and visas, trafficking in stolen documents. There are also more than 500 known Nigerians in various jails across India. The All India Nigerian Students and Community Association (AINSCA), a non-official arm of the Nigerian embassy helps members of the community living in India. It liaisons proactively with Delhi police to nab unscrupulous elements in the\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in India\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15472272\",\n \"text\": \"Nigerians in Vietnam Nigerians in Vietnam are mostly expatriates from Nigeria residing in Vietnam for business or economic purposes. They are part of a new wave of Nigerian emigrants going to non-traditional migration destinations such as Ethiopia, Ghana, and Mozambique rather than traditional favorites like Libya, the United Kingdom, or the United States. They refer to poor economic conditions in their homeland, including lack of electricity and public safety, as their primary motivations for emigration. Many Africans, including Nigerians, run fashion shops in Tan Phu district, Ho Chi Minh City. Others are believed to have been attracted to the country\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in Vietnam\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12516220\",\n \"text\": \"What Would Tyler Durden Do? What Would Tyler Durden Do? (WWTDD) is a gossip blog named for the \\\"Fight Club\\\" character Tyler Durden, and playing on the Christian inspirational phrase 'What would Jesus do?' The blog, which is occasionally not safe for work, is notable for publishing rumours, criticism and revealing photographs of celebrities. The posts to the blog typically consist of a report followed by commentary from the author. Its readership is primarily from the United States. In a 2006 Youth Trends survey, What Would Tyler Durden Do? was one of two blogs of the top 10 most popular\",\n \"title\": \"What Would Tyler Durden Do?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1793157\",\n \"text\": \"expression has become a snowclone, sometimes for humorous effect. For example, \\\"What Would Jesus Buy?\\\", \\\"What Would Lincoln Do?\\\", \\\"What Would Brian Boitano Do?\\\", \\\"What Would Mary Marvel Do?\\\", \\\"What Would Johnny Cash Do?\\\", and \\\"What would Tintin do?\\\". The term \\\"What Would Jesus Do?\\\" or \\\"WWJD\\\" is also perceived as a fundamental management and leadership principle given Jesus' methodology of going to the marketplace to preach and lead by example. In modern management principles, more academic and professional references are going to the gemba or Management by Walking Around. What would Jesus do? The phrase \\\"What would Jesus do?\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"What would Jesus do?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14746909\",\n \"text\": \"Do You Know What I'm Going to Do Next Saturday? Do You Know What I'm Going To Do Next Saturday? is a 1963 children's book published by Beginner Books and written by Helen Palmer Geisel, the first wife of Theodor Seuss Geisel (Dr. Seuss). Unlike most of the Beginner Books, \\\"Do You Know What I'm Going To Do Next Saturday?\\\" did not follow the format of text with inline drawings, being illustrated with black-and-white photographs by Lynn Fayman, featuring a boy named Rawli Davis. It is sometimes misattributed to Dr. Seuss himself. The book's cover features a photograph of a\",\n \"title\": \"Do You Know What I'm Going to Do Next Saturday?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6695713\",\n \"text\": \"covered by Reba McEntire for her 1994 album, \\\"Read My Mind.\\\" As listed in liner notes. What Do I Do with Me What Do I Do with Me is a 1991 album by American country music singer Tanya Tucker. It was her highest-placing on the Billboard charts reaching #6 in the Country albums and #48 on the Pop albums categories. The album produced four Top Ten hits on the Hot Country Songs charts: \\\"(Without You) What Do I Do with Me\\\" and \\\"Down to My Last Teardrop\\\" both at number two, \\\"Some Kind of Trouble\\\" at number three, and \\\"If\",\n \"title\": \"What Do I Do with Me\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6695712\",\n \"text\": \"What Do I Do with Me What Do I Do with Me is a 1991 album by American country music singer Tanya Tucker. It was her highest-placing on the Billboard charts reaching #6 in the Country albums and #48 on the Pop albums categories. The album produced four Top Ten hits on the Hot Country Songs charts: \\\"(Without You) What Do I Do with Me\\\" and \\\"Down to My Last Teardrop\\\" both at number two, \\\"Some Kind of Trouble\\\" at number three, and \\\"If Your Heart Ain't Busy Tonight\\\" at number four. The track \\\"Everything That You Want\\\" was later\",\n \"title\": \"What Do I Do with Me\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6008294\",\n \"text\": \"memorial on the side of the road, to kneel down and say that she saw him, answering his question asked earlier in the video \\\"What do you see?\\\" when they were talking about the future. The music video was directed by Shaun Silva in early 2006. Rascal Flatts' version of the song is set in the key of F minor, with a vocal range of E♭3-C 5. The main chord pattern is Fm-D♭-A♭-E♭. From \\\"Me and My Gang\\\" liner notes. In 2007, German Eurodance trio Cascada recorded a cover of \\\"What Hurts the Most\\\" for their second studio album, \\\"Perfect\",\n \"title\": \"What Hurts the Most\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20334753\",\n \"text\": \"success. He has further gone on to call that rather than demonetization as an exercise, better end to end income and asset tracking mechanisms, including the usage of biometric systems such as Aadhaar will be instrumental in battling 'black money'. I Do What I Do I do what I Do is a non fiction book authored by economist and former Governor of the Reserve Bank of India, Raghuram Rajan published by Harper Collins India in 2017. The book is a collection of speeches delivered by Rajan during his stint as the Governor of the Reserve Bank of India along with\",\n \"title\": \"I Do What I Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20334751\",\n \"text\": \"I Do What I Do I do what I Do is a non fiction book authored by economist and former Governor of the Reserve Bank of India, Raghuram Rajan published by Harper Collins India in 2017. The book is a collection of speeches delivered by Rajan during his stint as the Governor of the Reserve Bank of India along with his commentary on the economic and political context prevalent at that time. The book was released on September 5, 2017 and quickly made its way to topping the list of best sellers on Amazon India and Flipkart. The book has\",\n \"title\": \"I Do What I Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15814084\",\n \"text\": \"& Tracks for the chart week of January 15, 2000. Do What You Gotta Do \\\"Do What You Gotta Do\\\" is a song written by guitarist Pat Flynn and recorded by the New Grass Revival for their 1989 Capitol album \\\"Friday Night in America\\\". The song was also recorded by American country music artist Garth Brooks. It was released in January 2000 as fifth and final single from the 1997 album, \\\"Sevens\\\". The song reached number 13 on the U.S. \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts and peaked at number 18 on the Canadian \\\"RPM\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Do What You Gotta Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15814082\",\n \"text\": \"Do What You Gotta Do \\\"Do What You Gotta Do\\\" is a song written by guitarist Pat Flynn and recorded by the New Grass Revival for their 1989 Capitol album \\\"Friday Night in America\\\". The song was also recorded by American country music artist Garth Brooks. It was released in January 2000 as fifth and final single from the 1997 album, \\\"Sevens\\\". The song reached number 13 on the U.S. \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts and peaked at number 18 on the Canadian \\\"RPM\\\" Country Tracks chart. The song was issued over two years\",\n \"title\": \"Do What You Gotta Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18937847\",\n \"text\": \"On the chart dated 6 February 2016, the song spent a 21st consecutive week inside the Hot 100's top ten, tying with Nicki Minaj's \\\"Starships\\\" and Maroon 5's \\\"Sugar\\\" for the most weeks a song has logged in the Hot 100's top 10 from its debut. The record was surpassed later by Bieber's \\\"Love Yourself\\\", which spent 23 consecutive weeks in the top ten since its debut. As of February 2016, \\\"What Do You Mean?\\\" has sold over 1,600,000 copies in the United States. In Bieber's native Canada, \\\"What Do You Mean?\\\" debuted at number one on the Canadian Hot\",\n \"title\": \"What Do You Mean?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11398933\",\n \"text\": \"singing voice had \\\"power and flair\\\", but criticized the songwriting of most songs other than \\\"I Don't Think I Will\\\" and \\\"The Devil Goes Fishin'\\\". What I Live to Do What I Live to Do is the first album by the American country music artist James Bonamy. Released in February 1996, it includes the single \\\"I Don't Think I Will\\\", a number 2 hit on the U.S. \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks charts, and \\\"She's Got a Mind of Her Own\\\" and \\\"All I Do Is Love Her\\\". The first single, \\\"Dog on a Toolbox\\\", was withdrawn by the\",\n \"title\": \"What I Live to Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10038255\",\n \"text\": \"Ain't What You Do \\\"Ain't What You Do\\\" is a single released in 2003 by the UK hip hop/R&B group Big Brovaz. The single is the fifth and final single taken from Big Brovaz' 2002 debut album, \\\"Nu-Flow\\\". \\\"Ain't What You Do\\\" became Big Brovaz' fifth UK hit but their first to miss the top ten, peaking at number fifteen and spending seven weeks inside the top seventy-five of the UK Singles Chart. The single was not released in Australia. \\\"Ain't What You Do\\\" is based on Fun Boy Three and Bananarama's collaboration \\\"It Ain't What You Do (It's the\",\n \"title\": \"Ain't What You Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15705848\",\n \"text\": \"A Nigerian-run beauty pageant, The Most Beautiful African Girl is also in Ireland. Some Nigerian churches have been established in various places in Ireland, along with various Nigerian-owned shops and restaurants, especially in Dublin's Moore Street. The Association of Nigerian Doctors in Ireland (ANDI) was inaugurated in a dinner on 6 June 2015. Nigerians have also established several magazines such as \\\"Bold & Beautiful\\\" and \\\"Xclusive\\\". Nigerian television stations are available through satellite providers such as Africa Independent Television and BEN Television. Yoruba and Igbo were the most common spoken languages by the Nigerian community in Ireland. According to the\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in Ireland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5525516\",\n \"text\": \"the album's recording took place at Sound City in Los Angeles. The tracks \\\"Before I Speak\\\" and \\\"Doesn't Get Much Better\\\" were recorded in Riabko's bedroom at his parents' home just prior to the completion of the album. Three singles were released from the album: \\\"Carry On,\\\" \\\"Do You Right,\\\" and \\\"What Did I Get Myself Into.\\\" Before I Speak Before I Speak is the debut album from Canadian singer/songwriter Kyle Riabko. The album infuses R&B style with elements of funk and soul. The album was released a few months prior to Riabko's high school graduation. Each song on the\",\n \"title\": \"Before I Speak\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9930755\",\n \"text\": \"vocalists on \\\"If Love Was a River\\\", which they also co-wrote. Adam Wright also wrote the track \\\"Strong Enough\\\". Giving the album all four stars, \\\"People\\\" magazine said on the album that Jackson \\\"continues to sound more and more like Merle Haggard, which is tantamount to approaching perfection.\\\" \\\"What I Do\\\" debuted at #1 on the U.S. \\\"Billboard\\\" 200 selling 139,000 copies, becoming his third #1 album, and #1 on the Top Country Albums, becoming his seventh #1 country album. The album was certified Platinum by the RIAA in October 2004. What I Do What I Do is the twelfth\",\n \"title\": \"What I Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9930754\",\n \"text\": \"What I Do What I Do is the twelfth studio album by American country music artist Alan Jackson. It was released on September 7, 2004, and produced four singles for Jackson on the Hot Country Songs charts: \\\"Too Much of a Good Thing\\\" and \\\"Monday Morning Church\\\" both reached #5, while \\\"The Talkin' Song Repair Blues\\\" and \\\"USA Today\\\" both reached #18. \\\"What I Do\\\", however, was the first album of his career not to produce any #1 hits. The Wrights, a duo composed of Adam and Shannon Wright (the former of whom is Jackson's nephew) are featured as background\",\n \"title\": \"What I Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17514848\",\n \"text\": \"1972 studio album \\\"See All Her Faces\\\". Yellowman covered it for \\\"King Yellowman\\\" (1984). \\\"Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do\\\" is sampled in \\\"Upgrade U\\\" by Beyoncé and Jay-Z, from Beyoncé's album \\\"B'Day\\\" (2006) and in \\\"No Homo Outro\\\", a track from \\\"Turtleneck & Chain\\\" (2011) by The Lonely Island. Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do \\\"Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do\\\" is a single by American recording artist Betty Wright from her debut studio album \\\"My First Time Around\\\" (1968). It was written by Willie Clarke and Clarence Reid, and released in 1968 by Alston Records.\",\n \"title\": \"Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17514846\",\n \"text\": \"Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do \\\"Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do\\\" is a single by American recording artist Betty Wright from her debut studio album \\\"My First Time Around\\\" (1968). It was written by Willie Clarke and Clarence Reid, and released in 1968 by Alston Records. It reached number thirty-three on the US \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 and number fifteen on the US Hot Rhythm & Blues Singles. It has been covered and sampled by several artists. \\\"Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do\\\" is a song written by Willie Clarke and Clarence Reid. It was arranged by\",\n \"title\": \"Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16345967\",\n \"text\": \"In the \\\"What Ya Wanna Do\\\" music video, all the featured rappers spit verses by turn, recording their posse cut in the studio. The song contains a sample from \\\"Do You Wanna Go Party\\\" as written by Harry Wayne Casey and Richard Finch and performed by KC and the Sunshine Band on their sixth studio album \\\"Do You Wanna Go Party\\\". Adapted from Discogs What Ya Wanna Do \\\"What Ya Wanna Do?\\\" is a single by American recording artist Ice-T from his third studio album \\\"The Iceberg/Freedom of Speech...Just Watch What You Say\\\". It was released in 1989 via Sire\",\n \"title\": \"What Ya Wanna Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12138900\",\n \"text\": \"the past: \\\"Why don't you do what you do / when you did what you did to me?\\\" Its B-side is \\\"Tell Me I'm Not Dreamin' (Too Good to Be True)\\\", a duet with Michael Jackson. The song was sampled by Lil Wayne for \\\"How Could Something\\\" and by Chamillionaire for \\\"Void In My Life\\\". The music video was an imitation of \\\"The Godfather\\\" and supermodel Iman played Jackson's love interest who eventually betrays him by trying to shoot him. After his henchmen take her away, it is not revealed what happened to her. Do What You Do (Jermaine Jackson\",\n \"title\": \"Do What You Do (Jermaine Jackson song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16950065\",\n \"text\": \"Special Correspondent covering the African community in Japan, publishing a series of feature articles on the Nigerian community in particular. The Japan Times' stories included coverage of civic organizations, cultural groups, religious institutions, the red light districts, marriage and family life, and claims of an emerging 'integration gap' separating well-integrated African immigrants from those struggling after arriving in Japan. Nigerians in Japan Nigerians and other West African migrants began coming to Japan in the mid-1980s as migrant workers. Legal migrants often enter via student visas, which allow them to work for a limited number of hours each week.. As of\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in Japan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15705851\",\n \"text\": \"other groups surveyed (Chinese, Indians, and Lithuanians, ranging from 40% to 60%). Nigerians in Ireland According to the 2011 census, there were 17,642 resident Nigerians in Ireland, representing a 9.67% change over the 2006 figures of 16,300 Nigerian born people resident in Ireland. They constitute the largest African group in the country. Recent Nigerian migration to Ireland began after Nigeria's independence from the United Kingdom in 1960; migration began to accelerate slightly during the late 1960s Nigerian Civil War, though it remained small. Early Nigerian migration to Ireland consisted primarily of businesspeople, especially in the fishing industry (Irish-exported mackerel is\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in Ireland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15705847\",\n \"text\": \"of Ireland. Nigerian organisations are typically ethnic-specific (as in the Bini Community in Ireland and the Igbo Progressive Union) or local-specific (as in the Association of Nigerians in Galway). There is also an umbrella organisation, the Nigerian Association Network in Ireland. Nigerians are also active in pan-African organisations and general migrant organisations. Arambe Theater Productions, a pan-African drama group, was established in 2003 by Nigerian performance artist Bisi Adigun. There is also Nigerian Carnival Ireland (NCI), an annual festival to celebrate Nigerian & other ethnic cultures in Ireland, established in 2010 by Nigerian TV personality & consummate speaker Yemi Adenuga.\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in Ireland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15705844\",\n \"text\": \"their home country, and has been interpreted as evidence of deskilling. About half of Nigerian men and two-thirds of Nigerian women feel that their qualifications are fully recognised in their main job. Compared to other groups they have an intermediate level of income (majority reporting between €14,401 and €31,720). Fewer than 2% are employed in predominantly Irish working environments. Compared to other migrant groups, Nigerians have been noted for their high level of involvement in electoral politics, community organisations, and anti-racism struggles. By 2008, two Nigerians had been elected to city council positions in Ireland, namely in Portlaoise (Rotimi Adebari)\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in Ireland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15705834\",\n \"text\": \"Nigerians in Ireland According to the 2011 census, there were 17,642 resident Nigerians in Ireland, representing a 9.67% change over the 2006 figures of 16,300 Nigerian born people resident in Ireland. They constitute the largest African group in the country. Recent Nigerian migration to Ireland began after Nigeria's independence from the United Kingdom in 1960; migration began to accelerate slightly during the late 1960s Nigerian Civil War, though it remained small. Early Nigerian migration to Ireland consisted primarily of businesspeople, especially in the fishing industry (Irish-exported mackerel is widely consumed in Nigeria). Other early migrants included medical students, who had\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in Ireland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10038256\",\n \"text\": \"Way That You Do It)\\\". UK CD 1 UK CD 2 Ain't What You Do \\\"Ain't What You Do\\\" is a single released in 2003 by the UK hip hop/R&B group Big Brovaz. The single is the fifth and final single taken from Big Brovaz' 2002 debut album, \\\"Nu-Flow\\\". \\\"Ain't What You Do\\\" became Big Brovaz' fifth UK hit but their first to miss the top ten, peaking at number fifteen and spending seven weeks inside the top seventy-five of the UK Singles Chart. The single was not released in Australia. \\\"Ain't What You Do\\\" is based on Fun Boy\",\n \"title\": \"Ain't What You Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17579986\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Do what u want/ What u want with my body/ Do what u want/ What u want with my body/ Write what you want, say what you want about me/ If you want you know that I'm not sorry\\\". According to the sheet music published at Musicnotes.com, \\\"Do What U Want\\\" is set in the time signature of common time, with a moderate tempo of 96 beats per minute. It is composed in the key of A major with Gaga's vocals spanning the tonal nodes of E to F. The song follows a basic sequence of D–E–Fm–E–D–E as its chord\",\n \"title\": \"Do What U Want\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20608310\",\n \"text\": \"Do What You Wanna Do (album) Do What You Wanna Do is the fifth studio album by the Masters Apprentices, released in November 1988 on Virgin Records. It was the group's first album in 17 years since \\\"A Toast To Panama Red\\\". In the early 1980s there was a revival of interest in the Masters Apprentices due partly to rock historian Glenn A. Baker, who featured the band for his \\\"Rock & Roll Trivia Show\\\" on Sydney radio's Triple J, which in turn led to the release of a definitive compilation LP, \\\"Hands of Time\\\" by Baker's Raven Records in\",\n \"title\": \"Do What You Wanna Do (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8557191\",\n \"text\": \"What would Reagan do? What would Reagan do? (sometimes abbreviated WWRD) is a phrase that has become popular primarily among conservatives and Republicans in the United States. Its usage reflects a belief in former United States President Ronald Reagan as a model conservative leader whose philosophy and policies provide guidance and a good example for modern politicians. The phrase derives by analogy from the earlier phrase What would Jesus do? and its related initialism WWJD, coined in the 1890s and repopularized during the 1990s. While the phrase \\\"What would Reagan do?\\\" has existed since at least the early 2000s, it\",\n \"title\": \"What would Reagan do?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14121335\",\n \"text\": \"and believe that nothing is impossible with God. That's what faith can do. The take-away message is to know that God cares for you personally and that He wants a personal relationship with each and every one of us. For believers, the song is a reminder about making a faithful commitment to live with the kind of faith that God calls each of us to have.\\\" The music video for the single \\\"What Faith Can Do\\\" was released on February 12, 2010. What Faith Can Do \\\"What Faith Can Do\\\" is a song by American Christian rock band Kutless from\",\n \"title\": \"What Faith Can Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6008298\",\n \"text\": \"hip-swiveling chorus after a flurry of robotic drum beats is certainly a good giggle.\\\" Kurt Kirton of About.com named it one of the album's standout tracks. Chuck Taylor of \\\"Billboard\\\" gave \\\"What Hurts the Most\\\" a positive review, writing that \\\"this track is remixed into a frothy uptempo anthem, complete with requisite percussive thump and an exulted vocal (with 12 mixes in all) that leaves the lyric's potential heartbreak in the dust.\\\" Taylor ended his review, asking \\\"Wouldn't it be wondrous if American programmers renewed their vow in 2008 to put variety on the airwaves—or do we really need a\",\n \"title\": \"What Hurts the Most\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10032173\",\n \"text\": \"What Mattered Most What Mattered Most is the debut album of American country music artist Ty Herndon, issued in 1995 on Epic Records. The album's title track, which was Herndon's debut single, reached No. 1 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts in mid-1995. Other singles from the album were, in order, \\\"I Want My Goodbye Back,\\\" \\\"Heart Half Empty\\\" (a duet with Stephanie Bentley) and \\\"In Your Face.\\\" Doug Johnson produced the entire album, with additional production from Ed Seay on \\\"Heart Half Empty\\\". \\\"What Mattered Most\\\" was released on April 18, 1995,\",\n \"title\": \"What Mattered Most\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11393755\",\n \"text\": \"What Do You Want from Me? (Cascada song) \\\"What Do You Want from Me?\\\" is a 2007 song recorded by Cascada. It was released in Germany on 7 March 2008 and was released on 24 March 2008 for the UK. \\\"\\\"What Do You Want From Me?\\\"\\\" was leaked online in advance of the \\\"Perfect Day\\\" album release, and was speculated to be title \\\"Tell Me Why\\\". In late 2007, All Around the World announced \\\"What Do You Want From Me?\\\" would be the U.K. follow-up to \\\"What Hurts the Most\\\". This track and \\\"Everytime We Touch\\\" share a similar chord\",\n \"title\": \"What Do You Want from Me? (Cascada song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18937858\",\n \"text\": \"Do You Mean?\\\" was performed at the 2015 MTV Europe Music Awards on October 25. Moreover, the song was also included on the set list for the Purpose World Tour. What Do You Mean? \\\"What Do You Mean?\\\" is a song recorded by Canadian singer Justin Bieber for his fourth studio album \\\"Purpose\\\" (2015). The song was released on August 28, 2015, as the album's lead single by Def Jam. Written by Bieber, Jason \\\"Poo Bear\\\" Boyd and Mason Levy, the song was produced by MdL and co-produced by Bieber. \\\"What Do You Mean?\\\" is a pop and tropical house\",\n \"title\": \"What Do You Mean?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2910892\",\n \"text\": \"were well received. In 2003, the movement, already in its fourth year, aimed to not only encourage Singaporeans to speak well but also speak simple English. Chairman Wong said, \\\"They may be afraid to use English, it's not natural to them. This year what we would like to do is encourage people to try. Have a go even if they can't speak well, even if they cannot use long words, even if they can't use long sentences, it's not important. The idea is to use simple words, simple sentences and convey their message clearly.\\\" The movement continued throughout the year\",\n \"title\": \"Speak Good English Movement\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12222265\",\n \"text\": \"except what was in her heart.\\\" From \\\"What Mattered Most\\\" liner notes. The music video was directed by Steven Goldmann and premiered in early 1995. \\\"What Mattered Most\\\" debuted at number 62 on the U.S. \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of February 25, 1995. What Mattered Most (song) \\\"What Mattered Most\\\" is the title of a debut song written by Gary Burr and Vince Melamed, and recorded by American country music singer Ty Herndon. It was released in February 1995 as Herndon's debut single, and was served as the lead-off single and title track from his\",\n \"title\": \"What Mattered Most (song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20562029\",\n \"text\": \"the Ambassador lamented that while there are many migrants in Guangzhou from neighboring African countries of Ivory Coast and Ghana and across Francophone Africa, the police didn’t bother those communities, concentrating on the Nigerian community due to high levels of crime and misbehavior. Nigerians were overrepresented among the suspects arrested in a major drug crackdown in July 2013. The raid on the Linhua Hotel (Dragon Hotel) in Yuexiu District, Guangzhou was carried out by 1,300 police officers. The Guangzhou Public Security Bureau arrested 168 suspects, most described as citizens of Nigeria and Mali, and found heroin, methamphetamines, and a large\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in China\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16950063\",\n \"text\": \"business vacuum to open their own bars, and hired their fellow countrymen as workers. Typically, Nigerians can be seen on the street as touts and bouncers for bars. Many of the migrants working in this industry are in training for or have completed qualifications for professional positions such as engineering in institutions in their home countries or in Japan, but were unable to find any other kind of work in Japan suited to their level of education. There are many Nigerian organizations in Japan. Most are affiliated with the Houston, Texas USA-based Nigerian Union Diaspora (NUD), which is the umbrella\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in Japan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16950062\",\n \"text\": \"2002, replaced it to become the largest and most active, and has formally applied for non-profit status under Japanese law. Some Nigerian migrants during the 1980s found work in factories. Later, after the end of the Japanese asset price bubble reduced opportunities for such work, they shifted into the night-life industry in Tokyo's entertainment districts such as Kabukichō or Roppongi, a line of employment with a high level of public visibility. Many of the bars in these areas were previously owned by Chinese or Koreans, but during a police crackdown in 2002, closed down; Nigerians took advantage of the resulting\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in Japan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15705846\",\n \"text\": \"they often suffered bullying from their managers as well as their co-workers. They are often stereotyped as criminals. They are also more likely than other groups surveyed to feel that Irish people are not accepting of diverse cultures and communities as part of society. There are many Nigerian organisations in Ireland. Most are affiliated with the Houston, Texas-based Nigerian Union Diaspora (NUD), which is the umbrella Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) for the economic and political empowerment of the people of Nigerian descent outside Nigeria. Community organisations established by Nigerians within Ireland include the Nigerian Association of Ireland and the Igbo Association\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in Ireland\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13957361\",\n \"text\": \"four years. Nigerians point to the relative difficulty of finding work or starting businesses as a major driver for onward migration to the United Kingdom. , statistics of the Dutch Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek with regards to people of Nigerian origin showed: For a total of 9,453 persons (5,147 men, 4,306 women). This represented roughly three times the 1996 total of 3,136 persons. The population has shown a year-on-year increase every year since then. The proportion of second-generation Nigerians born in the Netherlands has also shown a consistent rise since 1996. The majority of Nigerian adults in the Netherlands\",\n \"title\": \"Nigerians in the Netherlands\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17514847\",\n \"text\": \"Ray Love and produced by Brad Shapiro and Steve Alaimo for Wright's recording, which was released as a 7\\\" single in 1968 by Alston Records—it was Wright's first release under that label. The B-side for the single was \\\"Sweet Lovin' Daddy\\\". \\\"Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do\\\" peaked at number thirty-three on the US \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100, and at number fifteen on the US Hot Rhythm & Blues Singles. The song's theme was unpopular with the feminist movement, according to Andrew Hamilton from AllMusic. Dusty Springfield recorded a cover version \\\"Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do\\\" for her\",\n \"title\": \"Girls Can't Do What the Guys Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16774477\",\n \"text\": \"the 2010 election. A majority of those he spoke with and listened to were Republicans, especially among the 87 new legislators. The title of the book, \\\"Do Not Ask What Good We Do\\\", is taken from a sentence in a letter from Fisher Ames to Thomas Dwight, dated May 30, 1796: \\\"Do not ask what good we do : that is not a fair question, in these days of faction.\\\" The prologue to the book details how, on the night of Obama's inauguration, a group of around 15 Republican Representatives and Senators met in the Caucus Room, a \\\"high-end D.C.\",\n \"title\": \"Do Not Ask What Good We Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16774476\",\n \"text\": \"Do Not Ask What Good We Do Do Not Ask What Good We Do: Inside the U.S. House of Representatives is a 2012 book by the author Robert Draper and published by Free Press. It details the activities of Republicans and Democrats in the United States House of Representatives and the Senate during the first term of Barack Obama's presidency. The book was republished under the title When the Tea Party Came to Town. In order to research the activities and politics within the House of Representatives, Draper \\\"embedded with new and senior House members\\\" that had been elected in\",\n \"title\": \"Do Not Ask What Good We Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12138898\",\n \"text\": \"Do What You Do (Jermaine Jackson song) \\\"Do What You Do\\\" is a single by American R&B singer Jermaine Jackson, sibling of singers Michael and Janet Jackson and former member of The Jackson 5. It was released as the second single from his 1984 album, entitled \\\"Jermaine Jackson\\\" in the United States but marketed as \\\"Dynamite\\\" in the United Kingdom and other countries. This was one of Jermaine's first releases with Arista Records after a long recording career with Motown Records, first as a member of The Jackson 5, then later as a solo artist. Although Jermaine Jackson never achieved\",\n \"title\": \"Do What You Do (Jermaine Jackson song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9854119\",\n \"text\": \"What Would Joey Do? What Would Joey Do? is a 2003 novel in a series by Jack Gantos about the character, Joey Pigza. The title is a play on the Christian phrase \\\"What would Jesus do?\\\", which Mrs. Lapp, Joey's homeschooling tutor, asks him at her doorstep on every visit. The phrase is also a mirror to Joey's own trouble-filled life, as to which choice would be the best for \\\"mopping up the messy corners of his life.\\\" The book deals with Joey as he tries to take charge of correcting his wrongs in his life and the lives of\",\n \"title\": \"What Would Joey Do?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6528922\",\n \"text\": \"Do What U Like \\\"Do What U Like\\\" is the debut single by English boy band Take That. It was released on 12 July 1991 as the lead single from their debut studio album, \\\"Take That & Party\\\" (1992). The song was written by Gary Barlow and Ray Hedges, and it was produced by Hedges with additional production by Graham Stack. \\\"Do What U Like\\\" was released on 15 July 1991 as the lead single from Take That's debut album \\\"Take That & Party\\\" (1992). The single was released on then-manager Nigel Martin-Smith's record label Dance U.K. and was a\",\n \"title\": \"Do What U Like\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20155752\",\n \"text\": \"performed it on \\\"Sommarkrysset\\\" and during RIX FM Festival concerts. A music video for the song was released onto YouTube on 12 May 2017. It was filmed in Cyprus and directed by Konrad Aksinowicz. The video sees Margaret as a star of a video game. What You Do (song) \\\"What You Do\\\" is a song recorded by Polish singer Margaret for her third studio album, \\\"Monkey Business\\\" (2017). The song was written by Margaret, Arash Labaf, Robert Uhlmann, Anderz Wrethov and Thomas Karlsson, and produced by Uhlmann, Labaf and Wrethov, with co-production from Alex Papaconstantinou. \\\"What You Do\\\" was released\",\n \"title\": \"What You Do (song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20155751\",\n \"text\": \"What You Do (song) \\\"What You Do\\\" is a song recorded by Polish singer Margaret for her third studio album, \\\"Monkey Business\\\" (2017). The song was written by Margaret, Arash Labaf, Robert Uhlmann, Anderz Wrethov and Thomas Karlsson, and produced by Uhlmann, Labaf and Wrethov, with co-production from Alex Papaconstantinou. \\\"What You Do\\\" was released worldwide as the lead single from \\\"Monkey Business\\\" on 12 May 2017. The single reached number fourteen on the Polish Airplay Chart. It also charted in Russia and received radio airplay in Sweden (the single peaked at number one on RIX FM chart) where Margaret\",\n \"title\": \"What You Do (song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19847957\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"incompetent, irrelevant and immaterial\\\". Prints of \\\"What Do Men Want?\\\" are maintained at the Library of Congress and UCLA Film and Television Archive. What Do Men Want? What Do Men Want? is a 1921 American silent drama film written, produced, and directed by Lois Weber and starring her muse Claire Windsor. As described in a film magazine, at the girls school gymnasium in the small town of Oakdale everyone is happily discussing the upcoming ball with the exception of Bertha (Kessler), who is left to herself by the other girls because her father is in an insane asylum and she\",\n \"title\": \"What Do Men Want?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18937838\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"What do you mean / When you nod your head yes, but you wanna say no? / What do you mean / When you don't want me to move, but you tell me to go?.\\\" \\\"USA Today\\\" Carly Mallenbaum, who heard the song in early August, described it as a \\\"catchy dance track for the club\\\". Similarly, a writer for \\\"The Daily Beast\\\" said, \\\"['What Do You Mean?' is] pretty damn catchy; a slow-burner that, like that collab, swells into a Bieber banger\\\". Gil Kaufman of MTV News also called it a \\\"banger\\\", explaining, \\\"the track is classic JB: seductive,\",\n \"title\": \"What Do You Mean?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18937831\",\n \"text\": \"What Do You Mean? \\\"What Do You Mean?\\\" is a song recorded by Canadian singer Justin Bieber for his fourth studio album \\\"Purpose\\\" (2015). The song was released on August 28, 2015, as the album's lead single by Def Jam. Written by Bieber, Jason \\\"Poo Bear\\\" Boyd and Mason Levy, the song was produced by MdL and co-produced by Bieber. \\\"What Do You Mean?\\\" is a pop and tropical house song, with its instrumentation consisting in light flourishes of panpipes, looped vocal samples, piano chords, fervent synths, bass and \\\"slick beat\\\" elements with the sound of a clock ticking, while\",\n \"title\": \"What Do You Mean?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16255014\",\n \"text\": \"Year. The music video was directed by Peter Zavadil and premiered in April 2002. \\\"Just What I Do\\\" debuted at number 55 on the U.S. \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart for the week of January 19, 2002. Just What I Do \\\"Just What I Do\\\" is a song recorded by American country music group Trick Pony. It was released in January 2002 as the third single from their debut album \\\"Trick Pony\\\". The song was written by group members Keith Burns and Ira Dean, with Burns taking lead vocals. The song was nominated for a 2003 Grammy Award\",\n \"title\": \"Just What I Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14853338\",\n \"text\": \"also stated that \\\"Jon's voice is crisp and clear, up in front in the mix; and Richie Sambora's guitar work is neat, clean, and growing more minimal by the minute\\\". Describing the composition, Osrin said that song \\\"continues the band's trend of recording music that tries to be more socially conscious than rollicking\\\". Songwriting and production Musicians \\\"What Do You Got?\\\" was used in a promotional video for \\\"Grey's Anatomy\\\" in Canada. What Do You Got? \\\"What Do You Got?\\\" is a song by American rock band Bon Jovi. It is one of four songs written for the band's \\\"Greatest\",\n \"title\": \"What Do You Got?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14853334\",\n \"text\": \"What Do You Got? \\\"What Do You Got?\\\" is a song by American rock band Bon Jovi. It is one of four songs written for the band's \\\"Greatest Hits\\\" album, released in November 2010. The song is the first single from the compilation album. The song was released on the band's official website on August 27. It was officially released on September 21, 2010 as a digital download, but the physical single was released in Germany on October 22, 2010. \\\"What Do You Got?\\\" was written by Jon Bon Jovi, Richie Sambora and Brett James, produced by Howard Benson and\",\n \"title\": \"What Do You Got?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14847428\",\n \"text\": \"by Calvert DeForest. \\\"What the Cowgirls Do\\\" debuted at number 71 on the U.S. \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of July 9, 1994. What the Cowgirls Do \\\"What the Cowgirls Do\\\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Vince Gill. It was released in July 1994 as the second single from the album \\\"When Love Finds You\\\". The song reached number 2 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. It was written by Gill and Reed Nielsen. Deborah Evans Price, of \\\"Billboard\\\" magazine reviewed the song favorably saying that the\",\n \"title\": \"What the Cowgirls Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14121332\",\n \"text\": \"What Faith Can Do \\\"What Faith Can Do\\\" is a song by American Christian rock band Kutless from their 2009 album of the same name \\\"It Is Well\\\". It was released on September 24, 2009, as the lead single. The song became the group's first Hot Christian Songs No. 1, staying there for eight weeks. It lasted 47 weeks on the overall chart. The song is played in a D major key at 138 beats per minute. \\\"What Faith Can Do\\\" was released on September 24, 2009, as the lead single for their sixth studio album \\\"It Is Well\\\". The\",\n \"title\": \"What Faith Can Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10032177\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Heart Half Empty\\\", \\\"You Just Get One\\\", and \\\"In Your Face\\\" for their \\\"unduly shallow\\\" lyrics. An uncredited review in \\\"Billboard\\\" was favorable, sying that \\\"With a rich, expressive voice that is equally suited to pensive ballads and rollicking, uptempo tunes, Herndon is one of country's most impressive newcomers.\\\" What Mattered Most What Mattered Most is the debut album of American country music artist Ty Herndon, issued in 1995 on Epic Records. The album's title track, which was Herndon's debut single, reached No. 1 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts in mid-1995. Other\",\n \"title\": \"What Mattered Most\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20426528\",\n \"text\": \"Do What You Gotta Do (Jimmy Webb song) Do What You Gotta Do is a song that was written by Jimmy Webb. It was an R&B hit for Al Wilson in 1968. It was also a hit for Nina Simone that year and a local hit for New Zealand band Larry's Rebels as well. The single was released in December 1967. It was produced by Marc Gordon and arranged by Marty Paich. The B side \\\"Now I Know What Love Is\\\". For the week ending Jan 6, 1968, the single was bubbling under the Billboard Hot 100 at 127. By\",\n \"title\": \"Do What You Gotta Do (Jimmy Webb song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20426523\",\n \"text\": \"Do What You Gotta Do (Jimmy Webb song) Do What You Gotta Do is a song that was written by Jimmy Webb. It was an R&B hit for Al Wilson in 1968. It was also a hit for Nina Simone that year and a local hit for New Zealand band Larry's Rebels as well. The single was released in December 1967. It was produced by Marc Gordon and arranged by Marty Paich. The B side \\\"Now I Know What Love Is\\\". For the week ending Jan 6, 1968, the single was bubbling under the Billboard Hot 100 at 127. By\",\n \"title\": \"Do What You Gotta Do (Jimmy Webb song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9871204\",\n \"text\": \"Elation\\\" (1995). All tracks written by John Scofield. What We Do What We Do is the second studio album by jazz group The John Scofield Quartet. It was recorded in May 1992 and released the following year on the Blue Note label. Besides John Scofield on guitar, the quartet features saxophonist Joe Lovano, Bill Stewart on drums and Dennis Irwin on bass, replacing Marc Johnson. Irwin and Scofield (both born in 1951) had already recorded together in the mid-1980s with Bennie Wallace on a track for his album \\\"Sweeping Through the City.\\\" Irwin would be the bassist on two more\",\n \"title\": \"What We Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9871203\",\n \"text\": \"What We Do What We Do is the second studio album by jazz group The John Scofield Quartet. It was recorded in May 1992 and released the following year on the Blue Note label. Besides John Scofield on guitar, the quartet features saxophonist Joe Lovano, Bill Stewart on drums and Dennis Irwin on bass, replacing Marc Johnson. Irwin and Scofield (both born in 1951) had already recorded together in the mid-1980s with Bennie Wallace on a track for his album \\\"Sweeping Through the City.\\\" Irwin would be the bassist on two more albums by Scofield, \\\"Hand Jive\\\" (1994) and \\\"Groove\",\n \"title\": \"What We Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8675029\",\n \"text\": \"some academic description for the uninitiated. At the time of the book's writing, the author was studying Witchcraft with Maxine and Alex Sanders, with whom Farrar collaborated on the book. What Witches Do What Witches Do is a book by Stewart Farrar, and is an eye-witness account of Wiccan practices, namely that of the Alexandrian coven run by Alex Sanders and his wife Maxine Sanders. Farrar was a practicing witch and a member of an active coven. In this book, he explores his version of the fundamental beliefs and premises of Witchcraft and explains his interpretation of its symbolism. The\",\n \"title\": \"What Witches Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8675028\",\n \"text\": \"What Witches Do What Witches Do is a book by Stewart Farrar, and is an eye-witness account of Wiccan practices, namely that of the Alexandrian coven run by Alex Sanders and his wife Maxine Sanders. Farrar was a practicing witch and a member of an active coven. In this book, he explores his version of the fundamental beliefs and premises of Witchcraft and explains his interpretation of its symbolism. The ceremonies presented are primarily from Alexandrian Wicca, as practiced by the author and his wife, Janet Farrar. Much of the book concerns itself with quoting participants in Wiccan rites, with\",\n \"title\": \"What Witches Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20316796\",\n \"text\": \"appeared in a video game \\\"Just Dance 2018\\\" (as part of the downloadable content for the \\\"Just Dance Unlimited\\\" series). On July 10, 2018, French singer Christine and the Queens covered the song at the BBC Radio 1 Live Lounge. ! scope=\\\"row\\\"| Portugal (AFP) What Lovers Do \\\"What Lovers Do\\\" is a song by American pop rock band Maroon 5 featuring American R&B singer SZA. It was released on August 30, 2017, as the lead single from the band's sixth studio album \\\"Red Pill Blues\\\" (2017). The song contains an interpolation of the 2016 song \\\"Sexual\\\" by Neiked featuring Dyo,\",\n \"title\": \"What Lovers Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20316795\",\n \"text\": \"Voice\\\". In the United States, \\\"What Lovers Do\\\" has reached number nine on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100, becoming Maroon 5's 13th and SZA's first top 10 in the country. As of September 2017, it has moved 116,000 copies in the United States according to Nielsen SoundScan. The track reached number seven on the ARIA Singles Chart, becoming the band's 10th single in Australia to reach the top 10. \\\"What Lovers Do\\\" was featured in the television shows \\\"Supergirl\\\", \\\"This Is Us\\\", \\\"Siesta Key\\\", \\\"Love Island\\\" and \\\"The Only Way Is Essex\\\" and the film \\\"I Feel Pretty\\\". The song also\",\n \"title\": \"What Lovers Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20316792\",\n \"text\": \"single \\\"Don't Wanna Know\\\", featuring American rapper Kendrick Lamar. Another single, entitled \\\"Cold\\\", featuring American rapper Future, was released on February 14, 2017. However, both songs are later appeared in the deluxe edition of \\\"Red Pill Blues\\\". In August 2017, videos and Snapchats from lead singer Adam Levine revealed that the group were recording the music video for \\\"What Lovers Do\\\" with recording artist SZA. On August 26, 2017, the name \\\"What Lovers Do\\\" and cover art for the track were revealed on the online media knowledge base website Genius. The release date for the single was revealed three days\",\n \"title\": \"What Lovers Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20316791\",\n \"text\": \"What Lovers Do \\\"What Lovers Do\\\" is a song by American pop rock band Maroon 5 featuring American R&B singer SZA. It was released on August 30, 2017, as the lead single from the band's sixth studio album \\\"Red Pill Blues\\\" (2017). The song contains an interpolation of the 2016 song \\\"Sexual\\\" by Neiked featuring Dyo, therefore Victor Rådström, Dyo and Elina Stridh are credited as songwriters. After extensive touring in support of their fifth studio album, \\\"V\\\" (2014), Maroon 5 began the writing and recording sessions for their sixth studio album. On October 11, 2016, the band released the\",\n \"title\": \"What Lovers Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8388364\",\n \"text\": \"What to Do with Daylight What to Do with Daylight is the debut album by New Zealand singer/songwriter, Brooke Fraser released in 2004. \\\"What to Do with Daylight\\\" was the top New Zealand album for 2004 (according to RIANZ), and went seven times Platinum. The album title comes from the album's first track \\\"Arithmetic\\\", as heard in the line \\\"Wondering what to do with daylight/Until I can make you mine\\\". The song was released as the album's fourth single in New Zealand. All five singles from the album reached the top 20 NZ singles chart and achieved No. 1 airplay\",\n \"title\": \"What to Do with Daylight\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12516222\",\n \"text\": \"following Jurgen's resignation. What Would Tyler Durden Do? What Would Tyler Durden Do? (WWTDD) is a gossip blog named for the \\\"Fight Club\\\" character Tyler Durden, and playing on the Christian inspirational phrase 'What would Jesus do?' The blog, which is occasionally not safe for work, is notable for publishing rumours, criticism and revealing photographs of celebrities. The posts to the blog typically consist of a report followed by commentary from the author. Its readership is primarily from the United States. In a 2006 Youth Trends survey, What Would Tyler Durden Do? was one of two blogs of the top\",\n \"title\": \"What Would Tyler Durden Do?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7189516\",\n \"text\": \"killer machines and do the most insane stunts we've ever seen live.\\\" Erna says. Speak (Godsmack song) \\\"Speak\\\" is a single by the metal band Godsmack from their fourth album \\\"IV\\\". It reached number one on the U.S. \\\"Mainstream Rock\\\" chart and number ten on the \\\"Modern Rock\\\" chart. Tony Rombola wrote the music for \\\"Speak\\\". Tony recalls: \\\"While on tour with Metallica, Robbie, Shannon and I were jamming in the dressing room. Sully Erna popped his head in the room 'cause he really liked the riff we were playin' and he pretty much wrote the melody and finished the\",\n \"title\": \"Speak (Godsmack song)\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["english language"],"string":"[\n \"english language\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":594,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"what currency does thailand accept?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"414859","text":"Economy of Thailand Thailand is a newly industrialized country. Its economy is heavily export-dependent, with exports accounting for more than two-thirds of its gross domestic product (GDP). In 2017, according to the IMF, Thailand had a GDP of 15.450 trillion baht (US$455 billion), the 8th largest economy of Asia. Thailand has a headline inflation rate of 3.02 percent and an account surplus of 0.7 percent of the country's GDP. Thai economy is expected to post 4.1% growth in 2018. Its currency, Thai Baht, also ranked as the tenth most frequently used world payment currency in 2017. The industrial and service","title":"Economy of Thailand"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"414859\",\n \"text\": \"Economy of Thailand Thailand is a newly industrialized country. Its economy is heavily export-dependent, with exports accounting for more than two-thirds of its gross domestic product (GDP). In 2017, according to the IMF, Thailand had a GDP of 15.450 trillion baht (US$455 billion), the 8th largest economy of Asia. Thailand has a headline inflation rate of 3.02 percent and an account surplus of 0.7 percent of the country's GDP. Thai economy is expected to post 4.1% growth in 2018. Its currency, Thai Baht, also ranked as the tenth most frequently used world payment currency in 2017. The industrial and service\",\n \"title\": \"Economy of Thailand\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"13810778","text":"week.\" VanDerWerff of the \"LA Times\", Ryan of the \"Chicago Tribune\", Sepinwall of \"The Star-Ledger\", Jensen of \"Entertainment Weekly\" and Mark Medley of the \"National Post\" also found the episode to contain humorous lines. This episode was watched by 11 million American viewers and 1.57 million Canadian viewers. What Kate Does \"What Kate Does\" is the 106th television episode of the American Broadcasting Company's \"Lost\" and third episode of the sixth season. It was written by executive producers Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz and directed in September 2009 by Paul Edwards. \"What Kate Does\" was first aired February 9, 2010,","title":"What Kate Does"},{"psg_id":"13810760","text":"What Kate Does \"What Kate Does\" is the 106th television episode of the American Broadcasting Company's \"Lost\" and third episode of the sixth season. It was written by executive producers Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz and directed in September 2009 by Paul Edwards. \"What Kate Does\" was first aired February 9, 2010, on ABC in the United States and on CTV in Canada. Kate Austen is the character on whom the episode is centered. In December 2007, Kate Austen chases after James \"Sawyer\" Ford (Josh Holloway), who escapes from the Others' captivity in the island's temple and is grieving over","title":"What Kate Does"},{"psg_id":"3664841","text":"than what was taxed out of circulation, the currency depreciated in relation to the British pound sterling. The resultant inflation was harmful to merchants in Great Britain, who were forced to accept the depreciated currency from colonists for payment of debts. The Act limited the future issue of bills of credit to certain circumstances. It allowed the existing bills to be used as legal tender for public debts (i.e. paying taxes), but disallowed their use for private debts (e.g. for paying merchants). The Currency Act 1764 (4 Geo. III c. 34) extended the 1751 Act to all of the British","title":"Currency Act"},{"psg_id":"10945153","text":"What She Does Best What She Does Best is a studio album by country singer Lynn Anderson, released in 1988. It was her only album with Mercury records. Notable due to featuring her last charting single, \"What She Does Best\" did not chart and was commercially unsuccessful. It would be her last album for four years, as Anderson went into a brief retirement and officially retired from releasing singles. The singles from this disc were \"Under the Boardwalk\" (a cover version of The Drifters' hit), \"What He Does Best\", and \"How Many Hearts\". \"Under the Boardwalk\" reached No. 24; the","title":"What She Does Best"},{"psg_id":"13810767","text":"reviews\"; however, this was down significantly from the previous episode's 89 and Bonnie Covel of About.com noted that \" 'What Kate Does' brought us a bit of negativity. In general, fans just didn't like the episode\". \"What Kate Does\" was largely considered to be a step down from the season premiere in pacing, revelations and writing; Mike Hale of \"The New York Times\" described the episode as \"contemplative\", \"anticlimactic\" and \"subdued\" and the flash sideways as \"kind of boring and seemingly pointless.\" Chris Carabott of IGN, who gave the episode a score of 7.3 summed up that \" 'What Kate","title":"What Kate Does"},{"psg_id":"18990721","text":"What Really Happens in Thailand What Really Happens in Thailand is an Australian reality documentary television series that airs on the Seven Network. The program was first announced at the network's upfronts in 2014. The series is a spin-off of the 2014 program \"What Really Happens in Bali\" and produced by the same production company McAvoy Media. The series films the activities and situations of Australian tourists and expats in various locations throughout Thailand, including nightclubs, hospitals and cosmetic surgery centres. The series premiered in Australia on the Seven Network on 14 September 2015, airing on Monday nights until the","title":"What Really Happens in Thailand"},{"psg_id":"5188632","text":"same code point for different national currency symbols can be problematic in international communication. If, for example, an amount of £100 is written in an e-mail or on a website, and the software does not make sure that the same character set is used at both ends, it could be interpreted e.g. as ¥100, which is a much lower value than £100. Likely, this sign was intended to mark the position of the national currency symbol into the national variants of ASCII (7-bit, 95 printable characters available), where a specific national body was reluctant to accept the dollar sign ($)","title":"Currency sign (typography)"},{"psg_id":"10945154","text":"other singles charted far outside the Top 40. \"How Many Hearts\" was the last single Anderson released, and it peaked at No. 69 on the country charts in 1989. The album's cover shows Anderson leaning on a fancy sports car, wearing a classic 1980s outfit. What She Does Best What She Does Best is a studio album by country singer Lynn Anderson, released in 1988. It was her only album with Mercury records. Notable due to featuring her last charting single, \"What She Does Best\" did not chart and was commercially unsuccessful. It would be her last album for four","title":"What She Does Best"},{"psg_id":"18990722","text":"fifth episode of the series, when the show was moved to Thursday nights. After episode six, the series was pulled from the schedule until the television non-ratings period, when episode seven premiered on a Tuesday night however it did not reach the top 20 most watched programs for the first time in the program's season. A second spin-off of the format followed in 2016, titled \"What Really Happens on the Gold Coast\". What Really Happens in Thailand What Really Happens in Thailand is an Australian reality documentary television series that airs on the Seven Network. The program was first announced","title":"What Really Happens in Thailand"},{"psg_id":"5644206","text":"who will pass it on to the American company so it can pay its U.S. bondholders. At maturity, the American company will pay £100 million to the swap bank who will pass it on to the British company so it can pay its British bondholders. It is well recognized that traditional \"textbook\" theory does not price cross currency (basis) swaps correctly, because it assumes the funding cost in each currency to be equal to its floating rate, thus always giving a zero cross currency spread. This is clearly contrary to what is observed in the market. In reality, market participants","title":"Currency swap"},{"psg_id":"9926463","text":"was first used on the song \"Rock 'N' Roll\" which later became \"You'll Be Under My Wheels\". The second time they used it is from a song called \"Lyrical Terrorist\" which later became \"Serial Thrilla\", but it was soon used on the album \"The Day Is My Enemy\". P.S.K. What Does It Mean? \"P.S.K. What Does It Mean?\" (also written as \"P.S.K. (What Does It Mean?)\") is a song released in 1985 by Philadelphia rapper Schoolly D on his independent label Schoolly D Records. P.S.K. is the abbreviation for Park Side Killas, a street gang with which Schoolly D was","title":"P.S.K. What Does It Mean?"},{"psg_id":"9926460","text":"P.S.K. What Does It Mean? \"P.S.K. What Does It Mean?\" (also written as \"P.S.K. (What Does It Mean?)\") is a song released in 1985 by Philadelphia rapper Schoolly D on his independent label Schoolly D Records. P.S.K. is the abbreviation for Park Side Killas, a street gang with which Schoolly D was affiliated. The highly influential song is considered the first hardcore rap song and features incidents of graphic sex, gunplay, drug references and one of the first uses of the word \"nigga\" in a rap song (earlier uses include \"Scoopy Rap\" and \"Family Rap\" in 1979, and \"New York","title":"P.S.K. What Does It Mean?"},{"psg_id":"8050855","text":"of its icy church keyboards and delay-ridden guitars\". Chris Jenkins, in the book \"The Rough Guide to Rock\", however, called it \"as half-baked as its title\". What Does Anything Mean? Basically What Does Anything Mean? Basically is the second studio album by English post-punk band the Chameleons. It was recorded in January 1985 and released 1 October 1985 by record label Statik. One single was released from the album: \"Singing Rule Britannia (While the Walls Close In)\". \"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\" was recorded in January 1985 at Highland Studios in Inverness, Scotland. The album's sole single, \"Singing Rule Britannia","title":"What Does Anything Mean? Basically"},{"psg_id":"8050853","text":"What Does Anything Mean? Basically What Does Anything Mean? Basically is the second studio album by English post-punk band the Chameleons. It was recorded in January 1985 and released 1 October 1985 by record label Statik. One single was released from the album: \"Singing Rule Britannia (While the Walls Close In)\". \"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\" was recorded in January 1985 at Highland Studios in Inverness, Scotland. The album's sole single, \"Singing Rule Britannia (While the Walls Close In)\", was released on 1 August 1985. This song used uncredited Lennon-McCartney lyrics, with the final passage of the song quoting key","title":"What Does Anything Mean? Basically"},{"psg_id":"8014933","text":"and the covers featuring Morrissey are now very rare and collectible. \"What Difference Does It Make?\" was released without an accompanying music video. Speaking to Tony Fletcher on \"The Tube\" in 1984, Morrissey remarked that he felt that the video market was something that was going to \"die very quickly\", and that he wanted to \"herald the death\" of it. What Difference Does It Make? \"What Difference Does It Make?\" is a song by the English rock band the Smiths, written by singer Morrissey and guitarist Johnny Marr. It was the band's third single and is featured on their debut","title":"What Difference Does It Make?"},{"psg_id":"8014931","text":"What Difference Does It Make? \"What Difference Does It Make?\" is a song by the English rock band the Smiths, written by singer Morrissey and guitarist Johnny Marr. It was the band's third single and is featured on their debut album, \"The Smiths\". A different version, recorded for the John Peel Show on BBC Radio 1, is included in the compilation album \"Hatful of Hollow\". The song was one of the band's first significant chart hits, peaking at No. 12 in the UK Singles Chart. However, Morrissey has said \"What Difference Does It Make?\" is among his least favourite songs","title":"What Difference Does It Make?"},{"psg_id":"414882","text":"regain its 1996 GDP. The unemployment rate went up nearly threefold: from 1.5 percent of the labor force in 1996 to 4.4 percent in 1998. A sharp decrease in the value of the baht abruptly increased foreign debt, undermining financial institutions. Many were sold, in part, to foreign investors while others went bankrupt. Due to low international reserves from the Bank of Thailand's currency-protection measures, the government had to accept a loan from the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Overall, Thailand received US$17.2 billion in aid. The crisis impacted Thai politics. One direct effect was that Prime Minister Chavalit Yongchaiyudh resigned","title":"Economy of Thailand"},{"psg_id":"15407906","text":"Gender identities in Thailand In Thailand, as elsewhere, one can find several different gender roles, identities and diverse visual markers of masculinity and femininity. The demand for positive self-identity is growing in Thailand and support is growing. Most of the identities oddly use English terms that are \"overloaded\" (reassigned meanings). A heterosexual male is the only sexuallity, which refers not just to physical sex but gender identity as well. Note this may differ from Western ideas of heterosexual male, to which \"lesbian sex\" has been eroticized. This means he seeks a traditional Thai female, but does not accept as a","title":"Gender identities in Thailand"},{"psg_id":"13810761","text":"the death of his love Juliet Burke (Elizabeth Mitchell) just hours earlier. In flash sideways to September 22, 2004, Kate assists a pregnant Claire Littleton (Emilie de Ravin) while on the run as a fugitive. The title alludes to the second season episode \"What Kate Did\". \"What Kate Does\" was watched by eleven million Americans and received mixed reviews by audiences and critics alike. In flash sideways, Kate Austen (Evangeline Lilly) flees LAX in a taxicab she has hijacked, in which a pregnant Claire Littleton (Emilie de Ravin) is a passenger. The cab driver (David H. Lawrence XVII) bails and","title":"What Kate Does"},{"psg_id":"13288610","text":"PLENTY (currency) The PLENTY (Piedmont Local Economy Tender) is a local currency used and accepted by some businesses in Pittsboro, North Carolina. The currency is managed by the PLENTY Currency Cooperative Corporation and is backed by Capital Bank Financial with United States dollars. , 10 PLENTYs may be purchased for US$10. PLENTYs can be traded for goods or services, or exchanged for United States dollars at businesses that accept them. PLENTY are offered in 50, 20, 10, 5 and 1 denomination bills and feature the phrase \"In Each Other We Trust.\" The logo and currency were designed by artist Emma","title":"PLENTY (currency)"},{"psg_id":"8656489","text":"to its regulations defining currency as \"the coin and paper money of the United States or of any other country that [i] is designated as legal tender and that [ii] circulates and [iii] is customarily used and accepted as a medium of exchange in the country of issuance\", also called \"real currency\" by FinCEN, defined virtual currency as \"a medium of exchange that operates like a currency in some environments, but does not have all the attributes of real currency\". In particular, virtual currency does not have legal tender status in any jurisdiction. In 2014, the European Banking Authority defined","title":"Virtual currency"},{"psg_id":"19980606","text":"What Does the K Stand For? What Does the K Stand For? is a BBC Radio Four sitcom series based on the experiences of comedian Stephen K. Amos growing up as a teenager in south London in the 1980s. The broadcast of the first series began in November 2013; the third series commenced in January 2017. Reviewing Series 1, Episode 1 for \"Radio Times\", Tristram Fane Saunders found the show suited Amos \"down to the ground; there's a touch of \"Seinfeld\" about \"What Does the K Stand for?\" in the way it flows from stand up into a deliciously awkward","title":"What Does the K Stand For?"},{"psg_id":"19268508","text":"foreign currency. The bank is empowered to borrow from local or overseas financial institutions, as well as issue short-term or long-term financial instruments for sale to financial institutions and the general public, both domestically and internationally. EXIM has the freedom to engage in any financial activities typical of commercial bank practices, except it cannot accept deposits from the general public. In November 1999, the \"Export–Import Bank of Thailand Act (No. 2) B.E. 2542 (1999)\" was issued to clarify and expand the bank's scope of operation. The amendment enables EXIM to provide more comprehensive support to Thai investors overseas as well","title":"Export–Import Bank of Thailand"},{"psg_id":"8050854","text":"lyrics of the Beatles song \"She Said, She Said\". \"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\" was released 1 October 1985 on record label Statik. \"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\" has been generally well received by critics. In his retrospective review, Ned Raggett of AllMusic called it \"[a] rarity of sophomore albums, something that at once made the band all the more unique in its sound while avoiding a repetition of earlier work. [...] an astounding record.\" \"Trouser Press\" called it \"even better\" than \"Script of the Bridge\", \"with much stronger production underscoring both the band's direct power and the ghostly atmospherics","title":"What Does Anything Mean? Basically"},{"psg_id":"16663178","text":"the bomb that Slater set explodes, badly burning one of them. \"What Does The Bee Do?\" is a children's poem from the late 1800s by Christina Rossetti. Margaret Schroeder's daughter recites it in the episode. \"IGN\" gave the episode a score of 8.5 out of 10, saying that it \"effortlessly hits that sweet spot between advancing the plot while developing characters, much in the same way that the Season 2 premiere did.\" \"The A.V. Club\" rated the episode an \"A-\". The episode was watched by 2.546 million viewers. It fell two tenths, to 1.0 million adults 18-49 rating. What Does","title":"What Does the Bee Do?"},{"psg_id":"16663175","text":"What Does the Bee Do? \"What Does the Bee Do?\" is the fourth episode of the second season of the HBO television series \"Boardwalk Empire\", and 16th episode overall. First aired on October 16, 2011, it was written by executive story editor Steve Kornacki and directed by Ed Bianchi. Nucky looks to Rothstein for a port to receive alcohol, since the Coast Guard is blockading Atlantic City. Rothstein instructs Lansky and Luciano to oversee the Philadelphia delivery. Nucky also sends Owen Sleater to bomb Doyle's still. Margaret asks for 'money for the children' from Nucky, which she proceeds to hide","title":"What Does the Bee Do?"},{"psg_id":"7314152","text":"but the debut was an important early step that gained them the ability to play the neighbouring countries of Belgium, the Netherlands and France for the first time. Swedish metal band Therion covered \"Seawinds\" on \"Crowning of Atlantis\" (1999) Accept (Accept album) Accept is the debut studio album released by German heavy metal band Accept. It was recorded in 1978 and released in early 1979 on the German label Brain Records. Drums on the record are played by Frank Friedrich, but he chose not to pursue a professional music career and so his place was taken by Stefan Kaufmann just","title":"Accept (Accept album)"},{"psg_id":"7314150","text":"Accept (Accept album) Accept is the debut studio album released by German heavy metal band Accept. It was recorded in 1978 and released in early 1979 on the German label Brain Records. Drums on the record are played by Frank Friedrich, but he chose not to pursue a professional music career and so his place was taken by Stefan Kaufmann just prior to the album's release. Bassist Peter Baltes performs lead vocals on \"Seawinds\" and \"Sounds of War\". Guitarist Wolf Hoffmann later remembered the debut as simply a collection of songs the band had worked up over their formative years,","title":"Accept (Accept album)"},{"psg_id":"7257450","text":"since the 1970s, often as comic relief, although it was not until the new wave of Thai cinema in the late 1990s that Thai films began to examine LGBT characters and issues in more depth. Censorship does not affect LGBT-related media directly, but pornography and sex toys are illegal in Thailand. According to a 2015 opinion poll, 89% of Thais would accept a colleague who is gay or lesbian, 80% would not mind if a family member was LGBT, and 59% were in favour of legalizing same-sex marriage. LGBT rights in Thailand Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in","title":"LGBT rights in Thailand"},{"psg_id":"3008432","text":"anything to be successful, we're not that desperate. [laughs] We are looking to do what makes sense and that's fun.\" Accept worked with Andy Sneap again to produce thirteenth studio album, completed in early 2012. Entitled \"Stalingrad\", it was released in April 2012. On April 8, 2013, Wolf Hoffmann told Chile's Radio Futuro that Accept had begun writing new material for their fourteenth studio album and would \"definitely go back to the studio as soon as [they] can.\" Four months later, on August 9 at the Bloodstock Open Air festival 2013, Wolf told Metal Shock Finland: Accept released their fourteenth","title":"Accept (band)"},{"psg_id":"13810777","text":"that it by no means compared to \"LA X\", but stated that it \"contain[ed] scenes of incredible beauty, based on character work and stakes earned over five seasons [that] made it a fine, if imperfect, hour.\" McGee also commented that the scene in which Claire arrives at the hospital and is helped by Ethan as \"freakin' outstanding\" and called \"What Kate Does\" \"one of the funniest in the show's history. Aldo, Hurley, and Miles all got off plenty of zingers, which will be necessary in a season in which both mythological and dramatic stakes are raising higher and higher each","title":"What Kate Does"},{"psg_id":"13810770","text":"doesn't quite know how to write a woman of action who's also in love … many of the show's Kate flashbacks are just plain silly … there have been a lot of pretty dire Kate episodes.\" Whitney Matheson of \"USA Today\" said that she \"wanted to stab Kate with a hot poker\" after watching \"What Kate Does\". Josh Holloway's supporting performance as a grieving Sawyer was commended by Carabott of IGN, who said that his acting on the dock as he cried and revealed to Kate that he was going to ask Juliet to marry him was \"one of Josh","title":"What Kate Does"},{"psg_id":"13810766","text":"had hidden and later talks with Kate at Dharma's dock. He explains that he planned to propose to Juliet and that he blames himself for her death, saying that he convinced her to stay on the island with him because he was lonely. Meanwhile, Jin is caught by the Others, who want to kill him instead of taking him back. Suddenly, someone shoots them and Jin is shocked to see that the shooter is Claire. The episode has received mixed reviews. Critical review aggregate website Metacritic awarded \"What Kate Does\" a score of 64 out of 100, indicating \"generally favorable","title":"What Kate Does"},{"psg_id":"19980608","text":"feel less like real people than excuses to weave in a few good dad jokes\". Overall, Elan found, \"What lifts the show are the elements of diaspora life weaved throughout, as when Aunty Princess visits from Nigeria and accuses Virginia [Stephen's mother] of cultural betrayal ('You have adopted too many fine and fancy British ways'). Stephen defends the family by suggesting she should 'go back home', prompting him to reflect that he has turned into his own racist enemy. It's unexpectedly thoughtful stuff, suggesting the third series may be even better.\" What Does the K Stand For? What Does the","title":"What Does the K Stand For?"},{"psg_id":"7664539","text":"is generally increased by adding currency exposure, yet there is no risk premium earned for that added volatility in the long term. Thus investors with international portfolios often hedge their currency risk, normally using forward currency contracts, currency swaps, currency futures contracts, or currency options. Currency hedging can be done passively or actively. The stream of returns from passive currency overlay is negatively correlated with international equities, has an expected return of zero, and does not employ any capital. The overlay manager uses forward contracts to match the portfolio’s currency exposures in such a way as to insure against exchange","title":"Currency overlay"},{"psg_id":"3664840","text":"colonial economy, which led to hyperinflation and the corresponding reduction in purchasing power per unit of money. British merchants were forced to accept this depreciated currency as a repayment of debts. This led to the Currency Act of 1751. The first Act, the Currency Act 1751 (24 Geo. II c. 53), restricted the issue of paper money and the establishment of new public banks by the colonies of New England. These colonies had issued paper fiat money known as \"bills of credit\" to help pay for military expenses during the French and Indian Wars. Because more paper money was issued","title":"Currency Act"},{"psg_id":"2105074","text":"more stable, making it a harder currency than the ruble. A tourist could get 200 rubles per US dollar in June 1992, and 500 rubles per USD in November 1992. In some economies, which may be either planned economies or market economies using a soft currency, there are special stores that accept only hard currency. Examples have included Tuzex stores in the former Czechoslovakia, Intershops in East Germany or Friendship stores in China in the early 1990s. These stores offer a wider variety of goods many of which are scarce or imported than standard stores. Because hard currencies may be","title":"Hard currency"},{"psg_id":"6687421","text":"and the borrower must be prepared to accept an (often limited) increase in the value of their debt if there are adverse movements in the currency markets. A successful currency manager may be able to use the currency markets to pay off a borrower's loan (through a combination of debt reduction and interest rate savings) within the normal lifetime of the loan, while the borrower pays on an interest only basis. A borrower can also choose from various products available at specialist money transfer providers e.g.; Forward Contracts and Currency options, where you can choose a future date for the","title":"Foreign currency mortgage"},{"psg_id":"3281561","text":"protected against inflation, devaluation and other economic risks inherent in fiat currencies. These risks include the monetary policy of countries or territories, which are said by proponents to be harmful to the value of paper currency. can be used to buy, hold, and sell precious metals, but do not promote themselves as an \"investment\", as this implies an anticipated return. Some providers do not sell DGC directly to clients. For those DGCs, e-currency must be bought and sold via a digital currency exchanger. Currency exchangers accept payment in national currencies by a variety of methods, including Bank Wire, Direct Deposit,","title":"Digital gold currency"},{"psg_id":"7134141","text":"a single world currency is unnecessary, because the U.S. dollar is providing many of the benefits of a world currency while avoiding some of the costs. If the world does not form an optimum currency area, then it would be economically inefficient for the world to share one currency. In the present world, nations are not able to work together closely enough to be able to produce and support a common currency. There has to be a high level of trust between different countries before a true world currency could be created. A world currency might even undermine national sovereignty","title":"World currency"},{"psg_id":"15703471","text":"number of Japanese expatriates in Thailand consist of young people working in Japanese contact centres and other business process outsourcing firms providing Japanese-language services, such as Transcosmos and Masterpiece. Though their pay is less than half what they might earn in Japan, by living in Thailand they can take advantage of the country's low living costs; they also avoid many of the social pressures associated with corporate employment in Japan. The employers, for their part, prefer to hire Japanese workers rather than locals to avoid cultural misunderstandings, and because they believe their clients in Japan would not accept dealing with","title":"Japanese migration to Thailand"},{"psg_id":"4183543","text":"Central Bank as \"a type of unregulated, digital money, which is issued and usually controlled by its developers, and used and accepted among the members of a specific virtual community\". The US Department of Treasury in 2013 defined it more tersely as \"a medium of exchange that operates like a currency in some environments, but does not have all the attributes of real currency\". The key attribute a virtual currency does not have according to these definitions, is the status as legal tender. Since 2001, the European Union has implemented the E-Money Directive \"on the taking up, pursuit and prudential","title":"Digital currency"},{"psg_id":"3703477","text":"began a similar copycat advertising campaign in Ireland stating that its product \"does exactly what it says on the tube\". The phrase is a registered trademark of the Sherwin-Williams Company, the owner of Ronseal, across the European Community for products including paints, varnishes, and wood preservatives (E3085826). In 2007, a song titled \"What It Says on the Tin\" was released by the British singer Katie Melua. Although the song is about relationships, the phrase has a similar meaning. Does exactly what it says on the tin \"It does exactly what it says on the tin\" was originally an advertising slogan","title":"Does exactly what it says on the tin"},{"psg_id":"2480285","text":"Helena continue to operate currency boards, backing their locally printed currency notes with pound sterling reserves. A gold standard is a special case of a currency board where the value of the national currency is linked to the value of gold instead of a foreign currency. For a precise definition of what constitutes a currency board, including past examples, see: Currency board A currency board is a monetary authority which is required to maintain a fixed exchange rate with a foreign currency. This policy objective requires the conventional objectives of a central bank to be subordinated to the exchange rate","title":"Currency board"},{"psg_id":"17957562","text":"was Chair of the Committee. American Open Currency Standard American Open Currency Standard (AOCS) is a non-profit organization opposed to fiat money and wishing to expedite the use of metal as money. In accordance with its mission, AOCS grants approval to new currencies, helps new currency issuers to establish brand identity, and encourages merchants to accept AOCS-approved currencies. AOCS was started in 2007 by Robert Gray, who was formerly a Regional Currency Office for Liberty Dollar and is currently the Executive Director of AOCS. Robert Gray testified before the United States House Financial Services Subcommittee on Domestic Monetary Policy and","title":"American Open Currency Standard"},{"psg_id":"17957561","text":"American Open Currency Standard American Open Currency Standard (AOCS) is a non-profit organization opposed to fiat money and wishing to expedite the use of metal as money. In accordance with its mission, AOCS grants approval to new currencies, helps new currency issuers to establish brand identity, and encourages merchants to accept AOCS-approved currencies. AOCS was started in 2007 by Robert Gray, who was formerly a Regional Currency Office for Liberty Dollar and is currently the Executive Director of AOCS. Robert Gray testified before the United States House Financial Services Subcommittee on Domestic Monetary Policy and Technology when congressman Ron Paul","title":"American Open Currency Standard"},{"psg_id":"14957836","text":"their capacity to do so. Ratings are based on the openness of a country's economy, export growth and real effective exchange rate (REER) valuation, as well as the scope a country has to weaken its currency without damaging its economy. , Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Chile and Sweden are the most willing and able to intervene, while the UK and New Zealand are among the least. From March 2013, concerns over further currency war diminished, though in November several journalists and analysts warned of a possible fresh outbreak. The likely principal source of tension appeared to shift once again, this time","title":"Currency war"},{"psg_id":"17544507","text":"neighborhood in Edwards Landing, Leesburg, Virginia, who every Halloween creates an LED light show with a hit song. This song appears in \"Just Dance 2015\". This song for Leicester City title song parody \"What do the Foxes Say?\" in 442oons video. !scope=\"col\" colspan=\"3\"| Streaming Note: The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?) \"The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?)\" is an electronic dance novelty song and viral video by Norwegian comedy duo Ylvis. The top trending video of 2013 on YouTube, \"The Fox\" was posted on the video-sharing website on 3 September 2013, and has received over 800 million views","title":"The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?)"},{"psg_id":"8557362","text":"the result in. The application software then calculates and displays the corresponding amount of money. Currency converters aim to maintain real-time information on current market or bank exchange rates, so that the calculated result changes whenever the value of either of the component currencies does. They do so by connecting to a database of current currency exchange rates. The frequency at which currency converters update the exchange rates they use varies: Yahoo currency converter updates its rates every day, while Convert My Money< every hour. Currency converters usually display a value that is not biased towards buying or selling. This","title":"Currency converter"},{"psg_id":"2480282","text":"to other domestic considerations, and that the fixed exchange rate will, to a large extent, also fix a country's terms of trade, irrespective of economic differences between it and its trading partners. Typically, currency boards have advantages for small, open economies which would find independent monetary policy difficult to sustain. They can also form a credible commitment to low inflation. More than 70 countries have had currency boards. Currency boards were most widespread in the early and mid 20th century. Hong Kong operates a currency board (Hong Kong Monetary Authority), as does Bulgaria. Estonia had a currency board fixed to","title":"Currency board"},{"psg_id":"15809761","text":"the currency war had ended – governments of emerging economies were increasingly deciding to accept currency appreciation so as to mitigate rising food prices, one of the causes behind civil discontent driving the Arab Spring. In April, the \"Financial Times\" joined Bloomberg in reporting that the currency war was beginning to fizzle out, again suggesting a key reason was the trend for emerging economies to allow currency appreciation as a means to offset inflation. Although Brazil is one of the emerging countries that has recently abandoned intervening against appreciation, her finance minister Guido Mantega disagreed with suggestions that the 'currency","title":"Currency War of 2009–11"},{"psg_id":"13519959","text":"G (with Ellis Hall on vocals) covered this tune on his 1986 album \"Duotones\". What Does It Take (To Win Your Love) \"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)\" is a 1968 song that was a 1969 hit single by Jr. Walker & The All Stars. The single was one of Jr. Walker's most successful releases, becoming a hit on both the R&B and pop singles charts. \"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love),\" written by Johnny Bristol, Harvey Fuqua, and Vernon Bullock, made it into the top five on the Hot 100, and became Jr. Walker's second","title":"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)"},{"psg_id":"13519957","text":"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love) \"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)\" is a 1968 song that was a 1969 hit single by Jr. Walker & The All Stars. The single was one of Jr. Walker's most successful releases, becoming a hit on both the R&B and pop singles charts. \"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love),\" written by Johnny Bristol, Harvey Fuqua, and Vernon Bullock, made it into the top five on the Hot 100, and became Jr. Walker's second number one on the R&B charts. The song was also a hit in the","title":"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)"},{"psg_id":"6929273","text":"subsidy. Both inflation and demurrage reduce the purchasing power of money held over time, but demurrage does so through fixed regular fees, while inflation does it in a variety of ways. Inflation is certainly not always everywhere a monetary phenomenon. Inflation is not always easy to predict & it does not stay fixed through time, but the level of demurrage is fixed by the Government. Gresham's law that \"bad money drives out good\" suggests that demurrage fees would mean that a currency would suffer more rapid circulation than competing forms of currency. This led some such as German-Argentine economist Silvio","title":"Demurrage (currency)"},{"psg_id":"10159605","text":"accept one coin at a time. Coins either pass through a light-beam counter, or are pushed through a spring-loaded cam that only accepts one coin at a time. The first ever recorded currency-counting machine was invented in 1958 in China, created by a small-time banker Zhi Tian Sie, who entered it in a contest. He won 3rd place. Zhi died at the age of 30 and his model was lost until recently rediscovered by the EPR when tearing down his home. Currency-counting machine A currency-counting machine is a machine that counts money—either stacks of banknotes or loose collections of coins.","title":"Currency-counting machine"},{"psg_id":"4105804","text":"Currency union A currency union (also known as monetary union) involves two or more states sharing the same currency without them necessarily having any further integration (such as an economic and monetary union, which would have, in addition, a customs union and a single market). Three types of currency unions exist: The theory of the optimal currency area addresses the question of how to determine what geographical regions should share a currency in order to maximize economic efficiency. Note: Every customs and monetary union and economic and monetary union also has a currency union. Additionally the autonomous and dependent territories,","title":"Currency union"},{"psg_id":"16066036","text":"Stalingrad (Accept album) Stalingrad is the 13th studio album by German heavy metal band Accept, which was released on 6 April 2012, by the independent German record label Nuclear Blast Records. It is their second album since their 2009 reunion, and like its predecessor, \"Blood of the Nations\" (2010), was produced by Andy Sneap. Critical reception of the album has been largely favorable. \"AllMusic\" published a review giving the album three-and-a-half stars out of five. Reviewer James Christopher Monger also noted that current vocalist Tornillo does an \"awfully convincing Udo Dirkschneider impression.\" \"Brave Words & Bloody Knuckles\" and \"Thrash Hits\"","title":"Stalingrad (Accept album)"},{"psg_id":"69242","text":"currency for each note of a foreign government held, as Ecuador currently does. Each currency typically has a main currency unit (the dollar, for example, or the euro) and a fractional unit, often defined as of the main unit: 100 cents = 1 dollar, 100 centimes = 1 franc, 100 pence = 1 pound, although units of or occasionally also occur. Some currencies do not have any smaller units at all, such as the Icelandic króna. Mauritania and Madagascar are the only remaining countries that do not use the decimal system; instead, the Mauritanian ouguiya is in theory divided into","title":"Currency"},{"psg_id":"4183549","text":"of their own. Denmark The Danish government proposed getting rid of the obligation for selected retailers to accept payment in cash, moving the country closer to a \"cashless\" economy. The Danish Chamber of Commerce is backing the move. Nearly a third of the Danish population uses MobilePay, a smartphone application for transferring money. Ecuador A law passed by the National Assembly of Ecuador gives the government permission to make payments in electronic currency and proposes the creation of a national digital currency. \"Electronic money will stimulate the economy; it will be possible to attract more Ecuadorian citizens, especially those who","title":"Digital currency"},{"psg_id":"14957809","text":"devaluing, the offsetting rise for any individual currency will tend to be small or even negligible. In normal times other countries are often content to accept a small rise in the value of their own currency or at worst be indifferent to it. However, if much of the world is suffering from a recession, from low growth or are pursuing strategies which depend on a favourable balance of payments, then nations can begin competing with each other to devalue. In such conditions, once a small number of countries begin intervening this can trigger corresponding interventions from others as they strive","title":"Currency war"},{"psg_id":"11932059","text":"December 2006, Bang Khun Phrom Palace celebrated its centenary and a traditional Thai performance was conducted in celebration. Bank of Thailand Museum Bank of Thailand Museum is a museum in Bangkok, Thailand. The museum is housed in the Bang Khun Phrom Palace, the former residence of Prince Paribatra Sukhumbandhu, who was the 33rd son of King Chulalongkorn. The Bank of Thailand, Northern Region also has a museum in Chiang Mai. The museum has 14 rooms many of which display the history of Thai currency and the Bank of Thailand. The age range of the coins differs greatly and there are","title":"Bank of Thailand Museum"},{"psg_id":"11932057","text":"Bank of Thailand Museum Bank of Thailand Museum is a museum in Bangkok, Thailand. The museum is housed in the Bang Khun Phrom Palace, the former residence of Prince Paribatra Sukhumbandhu, who was the 33rd son of King Chulalongkorn. The Bank of Thailand, Northern Region also has a museum in Chiang Mai. The museum has 14 rooms many of which display the history of Thai currency and the Bank of Thailand. The age range of the coins differs greatly and there are many ancient Thai coins found at excavation sites such as Funan coins (1st – 7th centuries), Sri Vijaya","title":"Bank of Thailand Museum"},{"psg_id":"12700808","text":"new bank note issue was small enough for northeastern Republicans to accept. Greenback Republicans could console themselves that the bill did not contemplate replacing greenbacks with national bank notes. The bill was sponsored by Senator John Sherman of Ohio. The act Currency Act of 1870 The Currency Act of 1870 (41st Congress, Sess. 2, ch. 252, , enacted July 12, 1870) maintained greenbacks issued during the American Civil War at their existing level, about $356 million, neither contracting them nor issuing more. It replaced $45 million in \"temporary loan certificates,\" paper bearing 3% interest but which circulated as currency, with","title":"Currency Act of 1870"},{"psg_id":"19095970","text":"What Does It Take (Dave Days song) \"What Does It Take\" is a song by American singer Dave Days. It served as the third and final single from his 2010 EP \"Dinner and a Movie\". It is one of Dave's most recognizable songs, and was also played on Disney Channel's So Random!. The song's music video is set in a high school, where Dave realizes he has gotten the lead part in the school play. Amanda Lynn (Days' interest in the video) sees she has gotten the second lead, and runs to her boyfriend, who ignores her. Days and Lynn","title":"What Does It Take (Dave Days song)"},{"psg_id":"17544483","text":"The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?) \"The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?)\" is an electronic dance novelty song and viral video by Norwegian comedy duo Ylvis. The top trending video of 2013 on YouTube, \"The Fox\" was posted on the video-sharing website on 3 September 2013, and has received over 800 million views as of November 2018. \"The Fox\" peaked at the top of the Norwegian Singles Chart and was hugely successful in the United States, where it peaked at number six on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 for three consecutive weeks, and was, before the US release of","title":"The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?)"},{"psg_id":"414562","text":"neighbouring developing economies of Laos, Myanmar, and Cambodia. In the third quarter of 2014, the unemployment rate in Thailand stood at 0.84% according to Thailand's National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB). Thailand experienced the world's highest economic growth rate from 1985 to 1996 – averaging 12.4% annually. In 1997 increased pressure on the baht, a year in which the economy contracted by 1.9%, led to a crisis that uncovered financial sector weaknesses and forced the Chavalit Yongchaiyudh administration to float the currency. Prime Minister Chavalit Yongchaiyudh was forced to resign after his cabinet came under fire for its slow","title":"Thailand"},{"psg_id":"14957819","text":"reserves, leaving them forced to accept harsh terms from the IMF, and often to accept low prices for the forced sale of their assets. This shattered faith in free market thinking among emerging economies, and from about 2000 they generally began intervening to keep the value of their currencies low. This enhanced their ability to pursue export led growth strategies while at the same time building up foreign reserves so they would be better protected against further crises. No currency war resulted because on the whole advanced economies accepted this strategy—in the short term it had some benefits for their","title":"Currency war"},{"psg_id":"19648063","text":"to forecasted cash flows and don’t allow hedging economic risk. Currency analytics allow companies to mitigate cash flow risk by uncovering accounting exposures to match the economic exposures so the company can hedge the accounting exposure as a proxy. Currency analytics enable what/if scenario analysis so companies can model how volatility in particular currencies could impact their revenue and expenses in the future. Currency analytics Companies that do business in more than one currency are exposed to exchange rate risk – that is, changes in the value of one currency versus another. Exchange rate risk (also known as foreign exchange","title":"Currency analytics"},{"psg_id":"15809784","text":"needed to try to reduce volatility in the currency but \"a country like ours can[not] forcibly change the fundamental direction of our currency.\" Over the first nine months of 2010 the baht had risen in value by 11 percent, the second largest appreciation of Asia's 11 most heavily traded currencies. There were also concerns that exports may slow: sales to foreigners make up almost two-thirds of Thai's economic activity. Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva also said Thailand may step up efforts to prevent currency appreciation from hurting its exporters. Africa was hit harder by the global financial crises than other emerging","title":"Currency War of 2009–11"},{"psg_id":"11958748","text":"be balanced by a more straightforwardly descriptive view. The term is used in many fields including biology and management. The purpose of a system is what it does The purpose of a system is what it does (POSIWID) is a systems thinking heuristic coined by Stafford Beer. Stafford Beer coined the term POSIWID and used it many times in public addresses. In his address to the University of Valladolid, Spain, in October 2001, he said \"According to the cybernetician, the purpose of a system is what it does. This is a basic dictum. It stands for bald fact, which makes","title":"The purpose of a system is what it does"},{"psg_id":"11958746","text":"The purpose of a system is what it does The purpose of a system is what it does (POSIWID) is a systems thinking heuristic coined by Stafford Beer. Stafford Beer coined the term POSIWID and used it many times in public addresses. In his address to the University of Valladolid, Spain, in October 2001, he said \"According to the cybernetician, the purpose of a system is what it does. This is a basic dictum. It stands for bald fact, which makes a better starting point in seeking understanding than the familiar attributions of good intention, prejudices about expectations, moral judgment,","title":"The purpose of a system is what it does"},{"psg_id":"7876141","text":"Currency appreciation and depreciation Currency depreciation is the loss of value of a country's currency with respect to one or more foreign reference currencies, typically in a floating exchange rate system in which no official currency value is maintained. Currency appreciation in the same context is an increase in the value of the currency. Short-term changes in the value of a currency is reflected in changes in the exchange rate. In a floating exchange rate system, a currency's value goes up (or down) if the demand for it goes up more (or less) than the supply does. In the short","title":"Currency appreciation and depreciation"},{"psg_id":"9008253","text":"play the game y'know, what a silly game it is. One will die definitely.\" The digitally remastered CD edition includes live versions of \"Metal Heart\" and \"Screaming for a Love-Bite\" as bonus tracks, taken from the \"Kaizoku-Ban\" EP. The 2014 release from UK based record label Hear No Evil Recordings features live versions of \"Neon Nights\", \"Burning\" and \"Head Over Heels\", taken from the 1990 live album \"Staying a Life\". All lyrics and music written by Accept and Deaffy. Russian Roulette (Accept album) Russian Roulette is the seventh studio album by German heavy metal band Accept, released in 1986. It","title":"Russian Roulette (Accept album)"},{"psg_id":"5067789","text":"use: local or community currencies are complementary currencies used within a locality or other form of community (such as business-based or online communities); regional currencies are similar to local currencies but used within a larger geographical region; and sectoral currencies are complementary currencies used within a single economic sector, such as education or health care. Many private currencies are complementary currencies issued by private businesses or organizations. Other terms include alternative currency, auxiliary currency, and microcurrency. Mutual credit is a form of alternative currency, and thus any form of lending that does not go through the banking system can be","title":"Complementary currency"},{"psg_id":"4831875","text":"Currency Centre The Currency Centre (also known as the Irish Mint) is the mint of coins and printer of banknotes for the Central Bank of Ireland, including the euro currency. The centre is located at Sandyford, Dublin, Ireland. The centre does not print the complete range of euro banknotes. Other denominations are imported. The centre was designed by the architect Sam Stephenson, for which he won the RIAI Triennial Gold Medal in 1977-1979 and opened for business in 1978. Before the centre was established, Irish coins were produced in the Royal Mint. The first euro coins were minted in the","title":"Currency Centre"},{"psg_id":"1701664","text":"financial assets denominated in a foreign currency. It can also occur as a gradual conversion to full currency substitution, for example, Argentina and Peru were both in the process of converting to the U.S. dollar during the 1990s. \"Dollarization\", when referring to currency substitution, does not necessarily involve use of the United States dollar. The currencies that have been used as substitutes have been the US dollar, the euro, and the Australian dollar. After the gold standard was abandoned at the outbreak of World War I and the Bretton Woods Conference following World War II, some countries sought exchange rate","title":"Currency substitution"},{"psg_id":"3664839","text":"the debt from King William’s War. Other colonies quickly followed suit, and by 1715 ten of the thirteen had resorted to the issuance of paper currency. Economist Stanley Finkelstein highlights the advantage of paper currency, “that unless it is backed by specie it is cost free currency.” The paper currency depreciated quickly because the colonies printed more than what was taxed out of circulation. By 1740, Rhode Island bills of exchange were only four percent of face value and those of Massachusetts were eleven percent. The money supply was growing at a much faster rate than that of the overall","title":"Currency Act"},{"psg_id":"13879805","text":"eucalypt conservation, cultivation, ecology, physiology, systematics, and taxonomy. Additional research consists of the cut flower industry and honey production, as well as tree use, such as firewood, shade, and windbreaks. Currency Creek Arboretum The Currency Creek Arboretum (CCA; or Currency Creek Arboretum Eucalypt Research Centre) is located in the Australian state of South Australia near the small town of Currency Creek and south of the state capital of Adelaide. CCA is a specialist Eucalypt arboretum and research centre, composed solely of Australian native plants. Privately owned and operated, CCA is open by appointment only and does not charge entry fees.","title":"Currency Creek Arboretum"},{"psg_id":"13879803","text":"Currency Creek Arboretum The Currency Creek Arboretum (CCA; or Currency Creek Arboretum Eucalypt Research Centre) is located in the Australian state of South Australia near the small town of Currency Creek and south of the state capital of Adelaide. CCA is a specialist Eucalypt arboretum and research centre, composed solely of Australian native plants. Privately owned and operated, CCA is open by appointment only and does not charge entry fees. Run by volunteers, there is no paid staff. Dr. Dean Nicolle began looking for land between Mount Compass and Strathalbyn in 1990 to create an arboretum. The specific soil type","title":"Currency Creek Arboretum"},{"psg_id":"9422226","text":"which also simulcasts in Maine as WJTO 730) plays the original vinyl \"\" edit. Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is? \"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?\" is a song by the rock band Chicago. It was included on their 1969 debut album \"Chicago Transit Authority\" and released as a single in 1970. The song was written and sung by Robert Lamm. The song was not released as a single until two tracks from the band's second album, \"Make Me Smile\" and \"25 or 6 to 4\", had become hits. It became the band's third straight Top","title":"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?"},{"psg_id":"9422222","text":"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is? \"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?\" is a song by the rock band Chicago. It was included on their 1969 debut album \"Chicago Transit Authority\" and released as a single in 1970. The song was written and sung by Robert Lamm. The song was not released as a single until two tracks from the band's second album, \"Make Me Smile\" and \"25 or 6 to 4\", had become hits. It became the band's third straight Top 10 single, peaking at in the U.S. and No. 2 in Canada. Because the","title":"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?"},{"psg_id":"3703475","text":"Does exactly what it says on the tin \"It does exactly what it says on the tin\" was originally an advertising slogan in the United Kingdom, which then became a common idiomatic phrase. It colloquially means that the name of something is an accurate description of its qualities. It is akin to the previously existing phrases \"by name and by nature\" and \"it lives up to its name\". It originated in a series of television advertisements by the woodstain and wood-dye manufacturer Ronseal, initiated in 1994 and still being broadcast . The slogan was created by Liz Whiston and Dave","title":"Does exactly what it says on the tin"},{"psg_id":"8014932","text":"of the Smiths'. The character Ray Smith in the Jack Kerouac novel \"The Dharma Bums\" repeatedly says \"What difference does it make?\" as well as \"Pretty girls make graves\", the title of another track featured on \"The Smiths\". The single cover is a photograph of Terence Stamp, taken on the set of the film \"The Collector\". Originally Stamp denied permission for the still to be used, and some pressings featured Morrissey in a re-enacted scene. In the re-enactment, Morrissey is holding a glass of milk, as opposed to a chloroform pad in the original. However, Stamp later changed his mind,","title":"What Difference Does It Make?"},{"psg_id":"3034327","text":"Series (United States currency) On U.S. currency, the series refers to the year appearing on the front of a bill, indicating when the bill's design was adopted. The printed series year does not indicate the year a bill was printed; instead it indicates the earliest year that bills of the same design were first made. For example, Series of 1882 gold certificates were being printed as late as 1927. The first U.S. currency with a series year was printed on United States Notes introduced in 1869. Before that, paper currency was identified only by the act authorizing it, for example,","title":"Series (United States currency)"},{"psg_id":"4183547","text":"addition, over 90 central banks are engaged in DLT discussions, including implications of a central bank issued digital currency. In March 2018, the Marshall Islands became the first country to issue their own cryptocurrency and certify it as legal tender; the currency is called the \"sovereign\". Canada The Bank of Canada have explored the possibility of creating a version of its currency on the blockchain. The Bank of Canada teamed up with the nation’s five largest banks — and the blockchain consulting firm R3 — for what was known as Project Jasper. In a simulation run in 2016, the central","title":"Digital currency"},{"psg_id":"6554117","text":"rationale behind the creation of the euro is that the individual countries of Europe do not each form an optimal currency area, but that Europe as a whole does. The creation of the euro is often cited because it provides the most modern and largest-scale case study of an attempt to identify an optimum currency area, and provides a comparative before-and-after model by which to test the principles of the theory. In theory, an optimal currency area could also be smaller than a country. Some economists have argued that the United States, for example, has some regions that do not","title":"Optimum currency area"},{"psg_id":"2290197","text":"interest. In these ways it is intentionally designed to differ from the traditional fiat currency used in most countries. Consequently, it does little good to hoard time credits and, in practice, many timebanks also encourage the donation of excess time credits to a community pool which is then spent for those in need or on community events. Some criticisms of timebanking have focused on the time credit's inadequacies as a form of currency and as a market information mechanism. Frank Fisher of MIT predicted in the 80s that such a currency \"would lead to the kind of distortion of market","title":"Time-based currency"},{"psg_id":"10159600","text":"Currency-counting machine A currency-counting machine is a machine that counts money—either stacks of banknotes or loose collections of coins. Counters may be purely mechanical or use electronic components. The machines typically provide a total count of all money, or count off specific batch sizes for wrapping and storage. Currency counters are commonly used in vending machines to determine what amount of money has been deposited by customers. In some modern automated teller machines, currency counters allow for cash deposits without envelopes, since they can identify which bills have been inserted instead of just how many. The user is given the","title":"Currency-counting machine"},{"psg_id":"17067166","text":"abaca. As early as 1926, Philippine universities and colleges began to accept students from Thailand. And after 1949, specifically during the economic crisis, the Philippines imported Thai agricultural commodities especially rice. On June 14, 1949, official diplomatic relations were established between the Philippines and Thailand. During the later years of Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos' term and President Corazon Aquino's whole term, from 1978-1992, relations between the Philippines and Thailand were neglected due to economic crisis and the political situation in the Philippines. The relations were strengthened again after the said period. A Treaty of Friendship signed by both countries in","title":"Philippines–Thailand relations"},{"psg_id":"19313996","text":"endorsement, local Siamese were encouraged to gamble as well. After the gambling act was first passed in 1930 casinos were banned completely and gambling was prohibited in Thai society. The lottery was introduced to Thailand by Chinese immigrants in 1820. Commonly known to the local as \"huay\", the term is a direct translation of Chinese word \"huā\" (Chinese:花) :flower. In the beginning \"huay\" was mainly played among the community of Chinese immigrants in Thailand. It was then officially established during the reign of King Rama III to stimulate the circulation of currency as well as to generate national revenue. In","title":"Gambling in Thailand"},{"psg_id":"17779971","text":"Jarvis. The song was released as a single officially in June 1967. \"What Does It Take (To Keep a Man Like You Satisfied)\" reached a peak of number five on the \"Billboard Magazine\" Hot Country Singles chart later that year. The single became Davis' first top-ten country hit in three years since 1964's \"Gonna Get Along Without You Now\" reached number eight. Additionally, \"What Does It Take\" was Davis' first entry onto the \"Billboard\" Bubbling Under Hot 100 since 1965, reaching a peak of twenty-one. The song was eventually released onto a studio album of the same name. What Does","title":"What Does It Take (To Keep a Man Like You Satisfied)"},{"psg_id":"17779970","text":"What Does It Take (To Keep a Man Like You Satisfied) \"What Does It Take (To Keep a Man Like You Satisfied)\" is a song written by Jim Glaser, that was recorded and released as a single in 1967 by American country artist, Skeeter Davis. Jim Glaser was a member of the popular country music group, Tompall and the Glaser Brothers. \"What Does It Take (To Keep a Man Like You Satisfied)\" was recorded at the RCA Victor Studio in Nashville, Tennessee, United States on May 1, 1967, one month before it was released. The session was produced by Felton","title":"What Does It Take (To Keep a Man Like You Satisfied)"},{"psg_id":"69222","text":"a circulating medium could only be as sound as the forces that defended that store. Trade could only reach as far as the credibility of that military. By the late Bronze Age, however, a series of treaties had established safe passage for merchants around the Eastern Mediterranean, spreading from Minoan Crete and Mycenae in the northwest to Elam and Bahrain in the southeast. It is not known what was used as a currency for these exchanges, but it is thought that ox-hide shaped ingots of copper, produced in Cyprus, may have functioned as a currency. It is thought that the","title":"Currency"},{"psg_id":"69220","text":"relative values of the different currencies. Currencies in this sense are defined by governments, and each type has limited boundaries of acceptance. Other definitions of the term \"currency\" are discussed in their respective synonymous articles banknote, coin, and money. The latter definition, pertaining to the currency systems of nations, is the topic of this article. Currencies can be classified into two monetary systems: fiat money and commodity money, depending on what guarantees the value (the economy at large vs. the government's physical metal reserves). Some currencies are legal tender in certain political jurisdictions. Others are simply traded for their economic","title":"Currency"},{"psg_id":"4313309","text":"UC Berkeley Institute of International Studies, said, This is sad to say, that the Thai social structure tends to accept this sort of abuse, and not only to accept – we have laws, we have bills that vitally support the existence of these sex establishments. That's one thing. And also, we have a Mafia that is also involved in the political parties, so this keeps the abuse going. The second reason is a cultural factor. I don't know about other countries, but in Thailand the sexual behaviour of Thai men accepts prostitution. Every class of Thai men accept it, although","title":"Prostitution in Thailand"},{"psg_id":"3396565","text":"determined that using Liberty Dollars as circulating money is a federal crime. The press release also stated that the \"Liberty Dollars\" are meant to compete with the circulating coinage (currency) of the United States and such competition consequently is a criminal act. The Justice Department also stated that the Liberty Dollar was confusingly similar to actual U.S. currency, and the language used on NORFED's website was deceptive. The Liberty Dollar organization responded to the Mint's press release by stating that \"[t]he Liberty Dollar never has claimed to be, does not claim to be, is not, and does not purport to","title":"Liberty dollar (private currency)"},{"psg_id":"13262758","text":"This is to say, the allocation of property rights does not influence the way externalities are internalized by the market. However, many experiments, such as that by Daniel Kahneman, Jack L. Knetsch and Richard Thaler showed that measures of WTA greatly exceed measures of WTP. Another well-known example was documented by Ziv Carmon and Dan Ariely, who found that willingness to accept for tickets to a major basketball game was more than 10 times larger than the willingness to pay. One explanation is that the endowment effect makes people value a good or service more if they possess it. However,","title":"Willingness to accept"},{"psg_id":"12848972","text":"Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures (CPMI). The table below shows the statistics as of 31 December 2016 in billions of US dollars using the exchange rate at the end of the year. The total value is $4,687 billion. China is not part of the calculation and may be over a trillion dollars today. That leaves over 160 countries not calculated. The calculation also does not include Cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and Ripple, whose total value in circulation exceeds one hundred billion dollars. Circulation (currency) In monetary economics, circulation is the continuing use of individual units of a currency for","title":"Circulation (currency)"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13810778\",\n \"text\": \"week.\\\" VanDerWerff of the \\\"LA Times\\\", Ryan of the \\\"Chicago Tribune\\\", Sepinwall of \\\"The Star-Ledger\\\", Jensen of \\\"Entertainment Weekly\\\" and Mark Medley of the \\\"National Post\\\" also found the episode to contain humorous lines. This episode was watched by 11 million American viewers and 1.57 million Canadian viewers. What Kate Does \\\"What Kate Does\\\" is the 106th television episode of the American Broadcasting Company's \\\"Lost\\\" and third episode of the sixth season. It was written by executive producers Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz and directed in September 2009 by Paul Edwards. \\\"What Kate Does\\\" was first aired February 9, 2010,\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Does\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13810760\",\n \"text\": \"What Kate Does \\\"What Kate Does\\\" is the 106th television episode of the American Broadcasting Company's \\\"Lost\\\" and third episode of the sixth season. It was written by executive producers Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz and directed in September 2009 by Paul Edwards. \\\"What Kate Does\\\" was first aired February 9, 2010, on ABC in the United States and on CTV in Canada. Kate Austen is the character on whom the episode is centered. In December 2007, Kate Austen chases after James \\\"Sawyer\\\" Ford (Josh Holloway), who escapes from the Others' captivity in the island's temple and is grieving over\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Does\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3664841\",\n \"text\": \"than what was taxed out of circulation, the currency depreciated in relation to the British pound sterling. The resultant inflation was harmful to merchants in Great Britain, who were forced to accept the depreciated currency from colonists for payment of debts. The Act limited the future issue of bills of credit to certain circumstances. It allowed the existing bills to be used as legal tender for public debts (i.e. paying taxes), but disallowed their use for private debts (e.g. for paying merchants). The Currency Act 1764 (4 Geo. III c. 34) extended the 1751 Act to all of the British\",\n \"title\": \"Currency Act\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10945153\",\n \"text\": \"What She Does Best What She Does Best is a studio album by country singer Lynn Anderson, released in 1988. It was her only album with Mercury records. Notable due to featuring her last charting single, \\\"What She Does Best\\\" did not chart and was commercially unsuccessful. It would be her last album for four years, as Anderson went into a brief retirement and officially retired from releasing singles. The singles from this disc were \\\"Under the Boardwalk\\\" (a cover version of The Drifters' hit), \\\"What He Does Best\\\", and \\\"How Many Hearts\\\". \\\"Under the Boardwalk\\\" reached No. 24; the\",\n \"title\": \"What She Does Best\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13810767\",\n \"text\": \"reviews\\\"; however, this was down significantly from the previous episode's 89 and Bonnie Covel of About.com noted that \\\" 'What Kate Does' brought us a bit of negativity. In general, fans just didn't like the episode\\\". \\\"What Kate Does\\\" was largely considered to be a step down from the season premiere in pacing, revelations and writing; Mike Hale of \\\"The New York Times\\\" described the episode as \\\"contemplative\\\", \\\"anticlimactic\\\" and \\\"subdued\\\" and the flash sideways as \\\"kind of boring and seemingly pointless.\\\" Chris Carabott of IGN, who gave the episode a score of 7.3 summed up that \\\" 'What Kate\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Does\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18990721\",\n \"text\": \"What Really Happens in Thailand What Really Happens in Thailand is an Australian reality documentary television series that airs on the Seven Network. The program was first announced at the network's upfronts in 2014. The series is a spin-off of the 2014 program \\\"What Really Happens in Bali\\\" and produced by the same production company McAvoy Media. The series films the activities and situations of Australian tourists and expats in various locations throughout Thailand, including nightclubs, hospitals and cosmetic surgery centres. The series premiered in Australia on the Seven Network on 14 September 2015, airing on Monday nights until the\",\n \"title\": \"What Really Happens in Thailand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5188632\",\n \"text\": \"same code point for different national currency symbols can be problematic in international communication. If, for example, an amount of £100 is written in an e-mail or on a website, and the software does not make sure that the same character set is used at both ends, it could be interpreted e.g. as ¥100, which is a much lower value than £100. Likely, this sign was intended to mark the position of the national currency symbol into the national variants of ASCII (7-bit, 95 printable characters available), where a specific national body was reluctant to accept the dollar sign ($)\",\n \"title\": \"Currency sign (typography)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10945154\",\n \"text\": \"other singles charted far outside the Top 40. \\\"How Many Hearts\\\" was the last single Anderson released, and it peaked at No. 69 on the country charts in 1989. The album's cover shows Anderson leaning on a fancy sports car, wearing a classic 1980s outfit. What She Does Best What She Does Best is a studio album by country singer Lynn Anderson, released in 1988. It was her only album with Mercury records. Notable due to featuring her last charting single, \\\"What She Does Best\\\" did not chart and was commercially unsuccessful. It would be her last album for four\",\n \"title\": \"What She Does Best\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18990722\",\n \"text\": \"fifth episode of the series, when the show was moved to Thursday nights. After episode six, the series was pulled from the schedule until the television non-ratings period, when episode seven premiered on a Tuesday night however it did not reach the top 20 most watched programs for the first time in the program's season. A second spin-off of the format followed in 2016, titled \\\"What Really Happens on the Gold Coast\\\". What Really Happens in Thailand What Really Happens in Thailand is an Australian reality documentary television series that airs on the Seven Network. The program was first announced\",\n \"title\": \"What Really Happens in Thailand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5644206\",\n \"text\": \"who will pass it on to the American company so it can pay its U.S. bondholders. At maturity, the American company will pay £100 million to the swap bank who will pass it on to the British company so it can pay its British bondholders. It is well recognized that traditional \\\"textbook\\\" theory does not price cross currency (basis) swaps correctly, because it assumes the funding cost in each currency to be equal to its floating rate, thus always giving a zero cross currency spread. This is clearly contrary to what is observed in the market. In reality, market participants\",\n \"title\": \"Currency swap\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9926463\",\n \"text\": \"was first used on the song \\\"Rock 'N' Roll\\\" which later became \\\"You'll Be Under My Wheels\\\". The second time they used it is from a song called \\\"Lyrical Terrorist\\\" which later became \\\"Serial Thrilla\\\", but it was soon used on the album \\\"The Day Is My Enemy\\\". P.S.K. What Does It Mean? \\\"P.S.K. What Does It Mean?\\\" (also written as \\\"P.S.K. (What Does It Mean?)\\\") is a song released in 1985 by Philadelphia rapper Schoolly D on his independent label Schoolly D Records. P.S.K. is the abbreviation for Park Side Killas, a street gang with which Schoolly D was\",\n \"title\": \"P.S.K. What Does It Mean?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9926460\",\n \"text\": \"P.S.K. What Does It Mean? \\\"P.S.K. What Does It Mean?\\\" (also written as \\\"P.S.K. (What Does It Mean?)\\\") is a song released in 1985 by Philadelphia rapper Schoolly D on his independent label Schoolly D Records. P.S.K. is the abbreviation for Park Side Killas, a street gang with which Schoolly D was affiliated. The highly influential song is considered the first hardcore rap song and features incidents of graphic sex, gunplay, drug references and one of the first uses of the word \\\"nigga\\\" in a rap song (earlier uses include \\\"Scoopy Rap\\\" and \\\"Family Rap\\\" in 1979, and \\\"New York\",\n \"title\": \"P.S.K. What Does It Mean?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8050855\",\n \"text\": \"of its icy church keyboards and delay-ridden guitars\\\". Chris Jenkins, in the book \\\"The Rough Guide to Rock\\\", however, called it \\\"as half-baked as its title\\\". What Does Anything Mean? Basically What Does Anything Mean? Basically is the second studio album by English post-punk band the Chameleons. It was recorded in January 1985 and released 1 October 1985 by record label Statik. One single was released from the album: \\\"Singing Rule Britannia (While the Walls Close In)\\\". \\\"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\\\" was recorded in January 1985 at Highland Studios in Inverness, Scotland. The album's sole single, \\\"Singing Rule Britannia\",\n \"title\": \"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8050853\",\n \"text\": \"What Does Anything Mean? Basically What Does Anything Mean? Basically is the second studio album by English post-punk band the Chameleons. It was recorded in January 1985 and released 1 October 1985 by record label Statik. One single was released from the album: \\\"Singing Rule Britannia (While the Walls Close In)\\\". \\\"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\\\" was recorded in January 1985 at Highland Studios in Inverness, Scotland. The album's sole single, \\\"Singing Rule Britannia (While the Walls Close In)\\\", was released on 1 August 1985. This song used uncredited Lennon-McCartney lyrics, with the final passage of the song quoting key\",\n \"title\": \"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8014933\",\n \"text\": \"and the covers featuring Morrissey are now very rare and collectible. \\\"What Difference Does It Make?\\\" was released without an accompanying music video. Speaking to Tony Fletcher on \\\"The Tube\\\" in 1984, Morrissey remarked that he felt that the video market was something that was going to \\\"die very quickly\\\", and that he wanted to \\\"herald the death\\\" of it. What Difference Does It Make? \\\"What Difference Does It Make?\\\" is a song by the English rock band the Smiths, written by singer Morrissey and guitarist Johnny Marr. It was the band's third single and is featured on their debut\",\n \"title\": \"What Difference Does It Make?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8014931\",\n \"text\": \"What Difference Does It Make? \\\"What Difference Does It Make?\\\" is a song by the English rock band the Smiths, written by singer Morrissey and guitarist Johnny Marr. It was the band's third single and is featured on their debut album, \\\"The Smiths\\\". A different version, recorded for the John Peel Show on BBC Radio 1, is included in the compilation album \\\"Hatful of Hollow\\\". The song was one of the band's first significant chart hits, peaking at No. 12 in the UK Singles Chart. However, Morrissey has said \\\"What Difference Does It Make?\\\" is among his least favourite songs\",\n \"title\": \"What Difference Does It Make?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"414882\",\n \"text\": \"regain its 1996 GDP. The unemployment rate went up nearly threefold: from 1.5 percent of the labor force in 1996 to 4.4 percent in 1998. A sharp decrease in the value of the baht abruptly increased foreign debt, undermining financial institutions. Many were sold, in part, to foreign investors while others went bankrupt. Due to low international reserves from the Bank of Thailand's currency-protection measures, the government had to accept a loan from the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Overall, Thailand received US$17.2 billion in aid. The crisis impacted Thai politics. One direct effect was that Prime Minister Chavalit Yongchaiyudh resigned\",\n \"title\": \"Economy of Thailand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15407906\",\n \"text\": \"Gender identities in Thailand In Thailand, as elsewhere, one can find several different gender roles, identities and diverse visual markers of masculinity and femininity. The demand for positive self-identity is growing in Thailand and support is growing. Most of the identities oddly use English terms that are \\\"overloaded\\\" (reassigned meanings). A heterosexual male is the only sexuallity, which refers not just to physical sex but gender identity as well. Note this may differ from Western ideas of heterosexual male, to which \\\"lesbian sex\\\" has been eroticized. This means he seeks a traditional Thai female, but does not accept as a\",\n \"title\": \"Gender identities in Thailand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13810761\",\n \"text\": \"the death of his love Juliet Burke (Elizabeth Mitchell) just hours earlier. In flash sideways to September 22, 2004, Kate assists a pregnant Claire Littleton (Emilie de Ravin) while on the run as a fugitive. The title alludes to the second season episode \\\"What Kate Did\\\". \\\"What Kate Does\\\" was watched by eleven million Americans and received mixed reviews by audiences and critics alike. In flash sideways, Kate Austen (Evangeline Lilly) flees LAX in a taxicab she has hijacked, in which a pregnant Claire Littleton (Emilie de Ravin) is a passenger. The cab driver (David H. Lawrence XVII) bails and\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Does\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13288610\",\n \"text\": \"PLENTY (currency) The PLENTY (Piedmont Local Economy Tender) is a local currency used and accepted by some businesses in Pittsboro, North Carolina. The currency is managed by the PLENTY Currency Cooperative Corporation and is backed by Capital Bank Financial with United States dollars. , 10 PLENTYs may be purchased for US$10. PLENTYs can be traded for goods or services, or exchanged for United States dollars at businesses that accept them. PLENTY are offered in 50, 20, 10, 5 and 1 denomination bills and feature the phrase \\\"In Each Other We Trust.\\\" The logo and currency were designed by artist Emma\",\n \"title\": \"PLENTY (currency)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8656489\",\n \"text\": \"to its regulations defining currency as \\\"the coin and paper money of the United States or of any other country that [i] is designated as legal tender and that [ii] circulates and [iii] is customarily used and accepted as a medium of exchange in the country of issuance\\\", also called \\\"real currency\\\" by FinCEN, defined virtual currency as \\\"a medium of exchange that operates like a currency in some environments, but does not have all the attributes of real currency\\\". In particular, virtual currency does not have legal tender status in any jurisdiction. In 2014, the European Banking Authority defined\",\n \"title\": \"Virtual currency\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19980606\",\n \"text\": \"What Does the K Stand For? What Does the K Stand For? is a BBC Radio Four sitcom series based on the experiences of comedian Stephen K. Amos growing up as a teenager in south London in the 1980s. The broadcast of the first series began in November 2013; the third series commenced in January 2017. Reviewing Series 1, Episode 1 for \\\"Radio Times\\\", Tristram Fane Saunders found the show suited Amos \\\"down to the ground; there's a touch of \\\"Seinfeld\\\" about \\\"What Does the K Stand for?\\\" in the way it flows from stand up into a deliciously awkward\",\n \"title\": \"What Does the K Stand For?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19268508\",\n \"text\": \"foreign currency. The bank is empowered to borrow from local or overseas financial institutions, as well as issue short-term or long-term financial instruments for sale to financial institutions and the general public, both domestically and internationally. EXIM has the freedom to engage in any financial activities typical of commercial bank practices, except it cannot accept deposits from the general public. In November 1999, the \\\"Export–Import Bank of Thailand Act (No. 2) B.E. 2542 (1999)\\\" was issued to clarify and expand the bank's scope of operation. The amendment enables EXIM to provide more comprehensive support to Thai investors overseas as well\",\n \"title\": \"Export–Import Bank of Thailand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8050854\",\n \"text\": \"lyrics of the Beatles song \\\"She Said, She Said\\\". \\\"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\\\" was released 1 October 1985 on record label Statik. \\\"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\\\" has been generally well received by critics. In his retrospective review, Ned Raggett of AllMusic called it \\\"[a] rarity of sophomore albums, something that at once made the band all the more unique in its sound while avoiding a repetition of earlier work. [...] an astounding record.\\\" \\\"Trouser Press\\\" called it \\\"even better\\\" than \\\"Script of the Bridge\\\", \\\"with much stronger production underscoring both the band's direct power and the ghostly atmospherics\",\n \"title\": \"What Does Anything Mean? Basically\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16663178\",\n \"text\": \"the bomb that Slater set explodes, badly burning one of them. \\\"What Does The Bee Do?\\\" is a children's poem from the late 1800s by Christina Rossetti. Margaret Schroeder's daughter recites it in the episode. \\\"IGN\\\" gave the episode a score of 8.5 out of 10, saying that it \\\"effortlessly hits that sweet spot between advancing the plot while developing characters, much in the same way that the Season 2 premiere did.\\\" \\\"The A.V. Club\\\" rated the episode an \\\"A-\\\". The episode was watched by 2.546 million viewers. It fell two tenths, to 1.0 million adults 18-49 rating. What Does\",\n \"title\": \"What Does the Bee Do?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16663175\",\n \"text\": \"What Does the Bee Do? \\\"What Does the Bee Do?\\\" is the fourth episode of the second season of the HBO television series \\\"Boardwalk Empire\\\", and 16th episode overall. First aired on October 16, 2011, it was written by executive story editor Steve Kornacki and directed by Ed Bianchi. Nucky looks to Rothstein for a port to receive alcohol, since the Coast Guard is blockading Atlantic City. Rothstein instructs Lansky and Luciano to oversee the Philadelphia delivery. Nucky also sends Owen Sleater to bomb Doyle's still. Margaret asks for 'money for the children' from Nucky, which she proceeds to hide\",\n \"title\": \"What Does the Bee Do?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7314152\",\n \"text\": \"but the debut was an important early step that gained them the ability to play the neighbouring countries of Belgium, the Netherlands and France for the first time. Swedish metal band Therion covered \\\"Seawinds\\\" on \\\"Crowning of Atlantis\\\" (1999) Accept (Accept album) Accept is the debut studio album released by German heavy metal band Accept. It was recorded in 1978 and released in early 1979 on the German label Brain Records. Drums on the record are played by Frank Friedrich, but he chose not to pursue a professional music career and so his place was taken by Stefan Kaufmann just\",\n \"title\": \"Accept (Accept album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7314150\",\n \"text\": \"Accept (Accept album) Accept is the debut studio album released by German heavy metal band Accept. It was recorded in 1978 and released in early 1979 on the German label Brain Records. Drums on the record are played by Frank Friedrich, but he chose not to pursue a professional music career and so his place was taken by Stefan Kaufmann just prior to the album's release. Bassist Peter Baltes performs lead vocals on \\\"Seawinds\\\" and \\\"Sounds of War\\\". Guitarist Wolf Hoffmann later remembered the debut as simply a collection of songs the band had worked up over their formative years,\",\n \"title\": \"Accept (Accept album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7257450\",\n \"text\": \"since the 1970s, often as comic relief, although it was not until the new wave of Thai cinema in the late 1990s that Thai films began to examine LGBT characters and issues in more depth. Censorship does not affect LGBT-related media directly, but pornography and sex toys are illegal in Thailand. According to a 2015 opinion poll, 89% of Thais would accept a colleague who is gay or lesbian, 80% would not mind if a family member was LGBT, and 59% were in favour of legalizing same-sex marriage. LGBT rights in Thailand Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in\",\n \"title\": \"LGBT rights in Thailand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3008432\",\n \"text\": \"anything to be successful, we're not that desperate. [laughs] We are looking to do what makes sense and that's fun.\\\" Accept worked with Andy Sneap again to produce thirteenth studio album, completed in early 2012. Entitled \\\"Stalingrad\\\", it was released in April 2012. On April 8, 2013, Wolf Hoffmann told Chile's Radio Futuro that Accept had begun writing new material for their fourteenth studio album and would \\\"definitely go back to the studio as soon as [they] can.\\\" Four months later, on August 9 at the Bloodstock Open Air festival 2013, Wolf told Metal Shock Finland: Accept released their fourteenth\",\n \"title\": \"Accept (band)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13810777\",\n \"text\": \"that it by no means compared to \\\"LA X\\\", but stated that it \\\"contain[ed] scenes of incredible beauty, based on character work and stakes earned over five seasons [that] made it a fine, if imperfect, hour.\\\" McGee also commented that the scene in which Claire arrives at the hospital and is helped by Ethan as \\\"freakin' outstanding\\\" and called \\\"What Kate Does\\\" \\\"one of the funniest in the show's history. Aldo, Hurley, and Miles all got off plenty of zingers, which will be necessary in a season in which both mythological and dramatic stakes are raising higher and higher each\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Does\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13810770\",\n \"text\": \"doesn't quite know how to write a woman of action who's also in love … many of the show's Kate flashbacks are just plain silly … there have been a lot of pretty dire Kate episodes.\\\" Whitney Matheson of \\\"USA Today\\\" said that she \\\"wanted to stab Kate with a hot poker\\\" after watching \\\"What Kate Does\\\". Josh Holloway's supporting performance as a grieving Sawyer was commended by Carabott of IGN, who said that his acting on the dock as he cried and revealed to Kate that he was going to ask Juliet to marry him was \\\"one of Josh\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Does\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13810766\",\n \"text\": \"had hidden and later talks with Kate at Dharma's dock. He explains that he planned to propose to Juliet and that he blames himself for her death, saying that he convinced her to stay on the island with him because he was lonely. Meanwhile, Jin is caught by the Others, who want to kill him instead of taking him back. Suddenly, someone shoots them and Jin is shocked to see that the shooter is Claire. The episode has received mixed reviews. Critical review aggregate website Metacritic awarded \\\"What Kate Does\\\" a score of 64 out of 100, indicating \\\"generally favorable\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Does\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19980608\",\n \"text\": \"feel less like real people than excuses to weave in a few good dad jokes\\\". Overall, Elan found, \\\"What lifts the show are the elements of diaspora life weaved throughout, as when Aunty Princess visits from Nigeria and accuses Virginia [Stephen's mother] of cultural betrayal ('You have adopted too many fine and fancy British ways'). Stephen defends the family by suggesting she should 'go back home', prompting him to reflect that he has turned into his own racist enemy. It's unexpectedly thoughtful stuff, suggesting the third series may be even better.\\\" What Does the K Stand For? What Does the\",\n \"title\": \"What Does the K Stand For?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7664539\",\n \"text\": \"is generally increased by adding currency exposure, yet there is no risk premium earned for that added volatility in the long term. Thus investors with international portfolios often hedge their currency risk, normally using forward currency contracts, currency swaps, currency futures contracts, or currency options. Currency hedging can be done passively or actively. The stream of returns from passive currency overlay is negatively correlated with international equities, has an expected return of zero, and does not employ any capital. The overlay manager uses forward contracts to match the portfolio’s currency exposures in such a way as to insure against exchange\",\n \"title\": \"Currency overlay\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3664840\",\n \"text\": \"colonial economy, which led to hyperinflation and the corresponding reduction in purchasing power per unit of money. British merchants were forced to accept this depreciated currency as a repayment of debts. This led to the Currency Act of 1751. The first Act, the Currency Act 1751 (24 Geo. II c. 53), restricted the issue of paper money and the establishment of new public banks by the colonies of New England. These colonies had issued paper fiat money known as \\\"bills of credit\\\" to help pay for military expenses during the French and Indian Wars. Because more paper money was issued\",\n \"title\": \"Currency Act\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2105074\",\n \"text\": \"more stable, making it a harder currency than the ruble. A tourist could get 200 rubles per US dollar in June 1992, and 500 rubles per USD in November 1992. In some economies, which may be either planned economies or market economies using a soft currency, there are special stores that accept only hard currency. Examples have included Tuzex stores in the former Czechoslovakia, Intershops in East Germany or Friendship stores in China in the early 1990s. These stores offer a wider variety of goods many of which are scarce or imported than standard stores. Because hard currencies may be\",\n \"title\": \"Hard currency\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6687421\",\n \"text\": \"and the borrower must be prepared to accept an (often limited) increase in the value of their debt if there are adverse movements in the currency markets. A successful currency manager may be able to use the currency markets to pay off a borrower's loan (through a combination of debt reduction and interest rate savings) within the normal lifetime of the loan, while the borrower pays on an interest only basis. A borrower can also choose from various products available at specialist money transfer providers e.g.; Forward Contracts and Currency options, where you can choose a future date for the\",\n \"title\": \"Foreign currency mortgage\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3281561\",\n \"text\": \"protected against inflation, devaluation and other economic risks inherent in fiat currencies. These risks include the monetary policy of countries or territories, which are said by proponents to be harmful to the value of paper currency. can be used to buy, hold, and sell precious metals, but do not promote themselves as an \\\"investment\\\", as this implies an anticipated return. Some providers do not sell DGC directly to clients. For those DGCs, e-currency must be bought and sold via a digital currency exchanger. Currency exchangers accept payment in national currencies by a variety of methods, including Bank Wire, Direct Deposit,\",\n \"title\": \"Digital gold currency\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7134141\",\n \"text\": \"a single world currency is unnecessary, because the U.S. dollar is providing many of the benefits of a world currency while avoiding some of the costs. If the world does not form an optimum currency area, then it would be economically inefficient for the world to share one currency. In the present world, nations are not able to work together closely enough to be able to produce and support a common currency. There has to be a high level of trust between different countries before a true world currency could be created. A world currency might even undermine national sovereignty\",\n \"title\": \"World currency\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15703471\",\n \"text\": \"number of Japanese expatriates in Thailand consist of young people working in Japanese contact centres and other business process outsourcing firms providing Japanese-language services, such as Transcosmos and Masterpiece. Though their pay is less than half what they might earn in Japan, by living in Thailand they can take advantage of the country's low living costs; they also avoid many of the social pressures associated with corporate employment in Japan. The employers, for their part, prefer to hire Japanese workers rather than locals to avoid cultural misunderstandings, and because they believe their clients in Japan would not accept dealing with\",\n \"title\": \"Japanese migration to Thailand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4183543\",\n \"text\": \"Central Bank as \\\"a type of unregulated, digital money, which is issued and usually controlled by its developers, and used and accepted among the members of a specific virtual community\\\". The US Department of Treasury in 2013 defined it more tersely as \\\"a medium of exchange that operates like a currency in some environments, but does not have all the attributes of real currency\\\". The key attribute a virtual currency does not have according to these definitions, is the status as legal tender. Since 2001, the European Union has implemented the E-Money Directive \\\"on the taking up, pursuit and prudential\",\n \"title\": \"Digital currency\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3703477\",\n \"text\": \"began a similar copycat advertising campaign in Ireland stating that its product \\\"does exactly what it says on the tube\\\". The phrase is a registered trademark of the Sherwin-Williams Company, the owner of Ronseal, across the European Community for products including paints, varnishes, and wood preservatives (E3085826). In 2007, a song titled \\\"What It Says on the Tin\\\" was released by the British singer Katie Melua. Although the song is about relationships, the phrase has a similar meaning. Does exactly what it says on the tin \\\"It does exactly what it says on the tin\\\" was originally an advertising slogan\",\n \"title\": \"Does exactly what it says on the tin\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2480285\",\n \"text\": \"Helena continue to operate currency boards, backing their locally printed currency notes with pound sterling reserves. A gold standard is a special case of a currency board where the value of the national currency is linked to the value of gold instead of a foreign currency. For a precise definition of what constitutes a currency board, including past examples, see: Currency board A currency board is a monetary authority which is required to maintain a fixed exchange rate with a foreign currency. This policy objective requires the conventional objectives of a central bank to be subordinated to the exchange rate\",\n \"title\": \"Currency board\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17957562\",\n \"text\": \"was Chair of the Committee. American Open Currency Standard American Open Currency Standard (AOCS) is a non-profit organization opposed to fiat money and wishing to expedite the use of metal as money. In accordance with its mission, AOCS grants approval to new currencies, helps new currency issuers to establish brand identity, and encourages merchants to accept AOCS-approved currencies. AOCS was started in 2007 by Robert Gray, who was formerly a Regional Currency Office for Liberty Dollar and is currently the Executive Director of AOCS. Robert Gray testified before the United States House Financial Services Subcommittee on Domestic Monetary Policy and\",\n \"title\": \"American Open Currency Standard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17957561\",\n \"text\": \"American Open Currency Standard American Open Currency Standard (AOCS) is a non-profit organization opposed to fiat money and wishing to expedite the use of metal as money. In accordance with its mission, AOCS grants approval to new currencies, helps new currency issuers to establish brand identity, and encourages merchants to accept AOCS-approved currencies. AOCS was started in 2007 by Robert Gray, who was formerly a Regional Currency Office for Liberty Dollar and is currently the Executive Director of AOCS. Robert Gray testified before the United States House Financial Services Subcommittee on Domestic Monetary Policy and Technology when congressman Ron Paul\",\n \"title\": \"American Open Currency Standard\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14957836\",\n \"text\": \"their capacity to do so. Ratings are based on the openness of a country's economy, export growth and real effective exchange rate (REER) valuation, as well as the scope a country has to weaken its currency without damaging its economy. , Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Chile and Sweden are the most willing and able to intervene, while the UK and New Zealand are among the least. From March 2013, concerns over further currency war diminished, though in November several journalists and analysts warned of a possible fresh outbreak. The likely principal source of tension appeared to shift once again, this time\",\n \"title\": \"Currency war\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17544507\",\n \"text\": \"neighborhood in Edwards Landing, Leesburg, Virginia, who every Halloween creates an LED light show with a hit song. This song appears in \\\"Just Dance 2015\\\". This song for Leicester City title song parody \\\"What do the Foxes Say?\\\" in 442oons video. !scope=\\\"col\\\" colspan=\\\"3\\\"| Streaming Note: The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?) \\\"The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?)\\\" is an electronic dance novelty song and viral video by Norwegian comedy duo Ylvis. The top trending video of 2013 on YouTube, \\\"The Fox\\\" was posted on the video-sharing website on 3 September 2013, and has received over 800 million views\",\n \"title\": \"The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8557362\",\n \"text\": \"the result in. The application software then calculates and displays the corresponding amount of money. Currency converters aim to maintain real-time information on current market or bank exchange rates, so that the calculated result changes whenever the value of either of the component currencies does. They do so by connecting to a database of current currency exchange rates. The frequency at which currency converters update the exchange rates they use varies: Yahoo currency converter updates its rates every day, while Convert My Money< every hour. Currency converters usually display a value that is not biased towards buying or selling. This\",\n \"title\": \"Currency converter\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2480282\",\n \"text\": \"to other domestic considerations, and that the fixed exchange rate will, to a large extent, also fix a country's terms of trade, irrespective of economic differences between it and its trading partners. Typically, currency boards have advantages for small, open economies which would find independent monetary policy difficult to sustain. They can also form a credible commitment to low inflation. More than 70 countries have had currency boards. Currency boards were most widespread in the early and mid 20th century. Hong Kong operates a currency board (Hong Kong Monetary Authority), as does Bulgaria. Estonia had a currency board fixed to\",\n \"title\": \"Currency board\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15809761\",\n \"text\": \"the currency war had ended – governments of emerging economies were increasingly deciding to accept currency appreciation so as to mitigate rising food prices, one of the causes behind civil discontent driving the Arab Spring. In April, the \\\"Financial Times\\\" joined Bloomberg in reporting that the currency war was beginning to fizzle out, again suggesting a key reason was the trend for emerging economies to allow currency appreciation as a means to offset inflation. Although Brazil is one of the emerging countries that has recently abandoned intervening against appreciation, her finance minister Guido Mantega disagreed with suggestions that the 'currency\",\n \"title\": \"Currency War of 2009–11\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13519959\",\n \"text\": \"G (with Ellis Hall on vocals) covered this tune on his 1986 album \\\"Duotones\\\". What Does It Take (To Win Your Love) \\\"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)\\\" is a 1968 song that was a 1969 hit single by Jr. Walker & The All Stars. The single was one of Jr. Walker's most successful releases, becoming a hit on both the R&B and pop singles charts. \\\"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love),\\\" written by Johnny Bristol, Harvey Fuqua, and Vernon Bullock, made it into the top five on the Hot 100, and became Jr. Walker's second\",\n \"title\": \"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13519957\",\n \"text\": \"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love) \\\"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)\\\" is a 1968 song that was a 1969 hit single by Jr. Walker & The All Stars. The single was one of Jr. Walker's most successful releases, becoming a hit on both the R&B and pop singles charts. \\\"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love),\\\" written by Johnny Bristol, Harvey Fuqua, and Vernon Bullock, made it into the top five on the Hot 100, and became Jr. Walker's second number one on the R&B charts. The song was also a hit in the\",\n \"title\": \"What Does It Take (To Win Your Love)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6929273\",\n \"text\": \"subsidy. Both inflation and demurrage reduce the purchasing power of money held over time, but demurrage does so through fixed regular fees, while inflation does it in a variety of ways. Inflation is certainly not always everywhere a monetary phenomenon. Inflation is not always easy to predict & it does not stay fixed through time, but the level of demurrage is fixed by the Government. Gresham's law that \\\"bad money drives out good\\\" suggests that demurrage fees would mean that a currency would suffer more rapid circulation than competing forms of currency. This led some such as German-Argentine economist Silvio\",\n \"title\": \"Demurrage (currency)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10159605\",\n \"text\": \"accept one coin at a time. Coins either pass through a light-beam counter, or are pushed through a spring-loaded cam that only accepts one coin at a time. The first ever recorded currency-counting machine was invented in 1958 in China, created by a small-time banker Zhi Tian Sie, who entered it in a contest. He won 3rd place. Zhi died at the age of 30 and his model was lost until recently rediscovered by the EPR when tearing down his home. Currency-counting machine A currency-counting machine is a machine that counts money—either stacks of banknotes or loose collections of coins.\",\n \"title\": \"Currency-counting machine\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4105804\",\n \"text\": \"Currency union A currency union (also known as monetary union) involves two or more states sharing the same currency without them necessarily having any further integration (such as an economic and monetary union, which would have, in addition, a customs union and a single market). Three types of currency unions exist: The theory of the optimal currency area addresses the question of how to determine what geographical regions should share a currency in order to maximize economic efficiency. Note: Every customs and monetary union and economic and monetary union also has a currency union. Additionally the autonomous and dependent territories,\",\n \"title\": \"Currency union\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16066036\",\n \"text\": \"Stalingrad (Accept album) Stalingrad is the 13th studio album by German heavy metal band Accept, which was released on 6 April 2012, by the independent German record label Nuclear Blast Records. It is their second album since their 2009 reunion, and like its predecessor, \\\"Blood of the Nations\\\" (2010), was produced by Andy Sneap. Critical reception of the album has been largely favorable. \\\"AllMusic\\\" published a review giving the album three-and-a-half stars out of five. Reviewer James Christopher Monger also noted that current vocalist Tornillo does an \\\"awfully convincing Udo Dirkschneider impression.\\\" \\\"Brave Words & Bloody Knuckles\\\" and \\\"Thrash Hits\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Stalingrad (Accept album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"69242\",\n \"text\": \"currency for each note of a foreign government held, as Ecuador currently does. Each currency typically has a main currency unit (the dollar, for example, or the euro) and a fractional unit, often defined as of the main unit: 100 cents = 1 dollar, 100 centimes = 1 franc, 100 pence = 1 pound, although units of or occasionally also occur. Some currencies do not have any smaller units at all, such as the Icelandic króna. Mauritania and Madagascar are the only remaining countries that do not use the decimal system; instead, the Mauritanian ouguiya is in theory divided into\",\n \"title\": \"Currency\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4183549\",\n \"text\": \"of their own. Denmark The Danish government proposed getting rid of the obligation for selected retailers to accept payment in cash, moving the country closer to a \\\"cashless\\\" economy. The Danish Chamber of Commerce is backing the move. Nearly a third of the Danish population uses MobilePay, a smartphone application for transferring money. Ecuador A law passed by the National Assembly of Ecuador gives the government permission to make payments in electronic currency and proposes the creation of a national digital currency. \\\"Electronic money will stimulate the economy; it will be possible to attract more Ecuadorian citizens, especially those who\",\n \"title\": \"Digital currency\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14957809\",\n \"text\": \"devaluing, the offsetting rise for any individual currency will tend to be small or even negligible. In normal times other countries are often content to accept a small rise in the value of their own currency or at worst be indifferent to it. However, if much of the world is suffering from a recession, from low growth or are pursuing strategies which depend on a favourable balance of payments, then nations can begin competing with each other to devalue. In such conditions, once a small number of countries begin intervening this can trigger corresponding interventions from others as they strive\",\n \"title\": \"Currency war\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11932059\",\n \"text\": \"December 2006, Bang Khun Phrom Palace celebrated its centenary and a traditional Thai performance was conducted in celebration. Bank of Thailand Museum Bank of Thailand Museum is a museum in Bangkok, Thailand. The museum is housed in the Bang Khun Phrom Palace, the former residence of Prince Paribatra Sukhumbandhu, who was the 33rd son of King Chulalongkorn. The Bank of Thailand, Northern Region also has a museum in Chiang Mai. The museum has 14 rooms many of which display the history of Thai currency and the Bank of Thailand. The age range of the coins differs greatly and there are\",\n \"title\": \"Bank of Thailand Museum\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11932057\",\n \"text\": \"Bank of Thailand Museum Bank of Thailand Museum is a museum in Bangkok, Thailand. The museum is housed in the Bang Khun Phrom Palace, the former residence of Prince Paribatra Sukhumbandhu, who was the 33rd son of King Chulalongkorn. The Bank of Thailand, Northern Region also has a museum in Chiang Mai. The museum has 14 rooms many of which display the history of Thai currency and the Bank of Thailand. The age range of the coins differs greatly and there are many ancient Thai coins found at excavation sites such as Funan coins (1st – 7th centuries), Sri Vijaya\",\n \"title\": \"Bank of Thailand Museum\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12700808\",\n \"text\": \"new bank note issue was small enough for northeastern Republicans to accept. Greenback Republicans could console themselves that the bill did not contemplate replacing greenbacks with national bank notes. The bill was sponsored by Senator John Sherman of Ohio. The act Currency Act of 1870 The Currency Act of 1870 (41st Congress, Sess. 2, ch. 252, , enacted July 12, 1870) maintained greenbacks issued during the American Civil War at their existing level, about $356 million, neither contracting them nor issuing more. It replaced $45 million in \\\"temporary loan certificates,\\\" paper bearing 3% interest but which circulated as currency, with\",\n \"title\": \"Currency Act of 1870\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19095970\",\n \"text\": \"What Does It Take (Dave Days song) \\\"What Does It Take\\\" is a song by American singer Dave Days. It served as the third and final single from his 2010 EP \\\"Dinner and a Movie\\\". It is one of Dave's most recognizable songs, and was also played on Disney Channel's So Random!. The song's music video is set in a high school, where Dave realizes he has gotten the lead part in the school play. Amanda Lynn (Days' interest in the video) sees she has gotten the second lead, and runs to her boyfriend, who ignores her. Days and Lynn\",\n \"title\": \"What Does It Take (Dave Days song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17544483\",\n \"text\": \"The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?) \\\"The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?)\\\" is an electronic dance novelty song and viral video by Norwegian comedy duo Ylvis. The top trending video of 2013 on YouTube, \\\"The Fox\\\" was posted on the video-sharing website on 3 September 2013, and has received over 800 million views as of November 2018. \\\"The Fox\\\" peaked at the top of the Norwegian Singles Chart and was hugely successful in the United States, where it peaked at number six on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 for three consecutive weeks, and was, before the US release of\",\n \"title\": \"The Fox (What Does the Fox Say?)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"414562\",\n \"text\": \"neighbouring developing economies of Laos, Myanmar, and Cambodia. In the third quarter of 2014, the unemployment rate in Thailand stood at 0.84% according to Thailand's National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB). Thailand experienced the world's highest economic growth rate from 1985 to 1996 – averaging 12.4% annually. In 1997 increased pressure on the baht, a year in which the economy contracted by 1.9%, led to a crisis that uncovered financial sector weaknesses and forced the Chavalit Yongchaiyudh administration to float the currency. Prime Minister Chavalit Yongchaiyudh was forced to resign after his cabinet came under fire for its slow\",\n \"title\": \"Thailand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14957819\",\n \"text\": \"reserves, leaving them forced to accept harsh terms from the IMF, and often to accept low prices for the forced sale of their assets. This shattered faith in free market thinking among emerging economies, and from about 2000 they generally began intervening to keep the value of their currencies low. This enhanced their ability to pursue export led growth strategies while at the same time building up foreign reserves so they would be better protected against further crises. No currency war resulted because on the whole advanced economies accepted this strategy—in the short term it had some benefits for their\",\n \"title\": \"Currency war\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19648063\",\n \"text\": \"to forecasted cash flows and don’t allow hedging economic risk. Currency analytics allow companies to mitigate cash flow risk by uncovering accounting exposures to match the economic exposures so the company can hedge the accounting exposure as a proxy. Currency analytics enable what/if scenario analysis so companies can model how volatility in particular currencies could impact their revenue and expenses in the future. Currency analytics Companies that do business in more than one currency are exposed to exchange rate risk – that is, changes in the value of one currency versus another. Exchange rate risk (also known as foreign exchange\",\n \"title\": \"Currency analytics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15809784\",\n \"text\": \"needed to try to reduce volatility in the currency but \\\"a country like ours can[not] forcibly change the fundamental direction of our currency.\\\" Over the first nine months of 2010 the baht had risen in value by 11 percent, the second largest appreciation of Asia's 11 most heavily traded currencies. There were also concerns that exports may slow: sales to foreigners make up almost two-thirds of Thai's economic activity. Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva also said Thailand may step up efforts to prevent currency appreciation from hurting its exporters. Africa was hit harder by the global financial crises than other emerging\",\n \"title\": \"Currency War of 2009–11\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11958748\",\n \"text\": \"be balanced by a more straightforwardly descriptive view. The term is used in many fields including biology and management. The purpose of a system is what it does The purpose of a system is what it does (POSIWID) is a systems thinking heuristic coined by Stafford Beer. Stafford Beer coined the term POSIWID and used it many times in public addresses. In his address to the University of Valladolid, Spain, in October 2001, he said \\\"According to the cybernetician, the purpose of a system is what it does. This is a basic dictum. It stands for bald fact, which makes\",\n \"title\": \"The purpose of a system is what it does\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11958746\",\n \"text\": \"The purpose of a system is what it does The purpose of a system is what it does (POSIWID) is a systems thinking heuristic coined by Stafford Beer. Stafford Beer coined the term POSIWID and used it many times in public addresses. In his address to the University of Valladolid, Spain, in October 2001, he said \\\"According to the cybernetician, the purpose of a system is what it does. This is a basic dictum. It stands for bald fact, which makes a better starting point in seeking understanding than the familiar attributions of good intention, prejudices about expectations, moral judgment,\",\n \"title\": \"The purpose of a system is what it does\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7876141\",\n \"text\": \"Currency appreciation and depreciation Currency depreciation is the loss of value of a country's currency with respect to one or more foreign reference currencies, typically in a floating exchange rate system in which no official currency value is maintained. Currency appreciation in the same context is an increase in the value of the currency. Short-term changes in the value of a currency is reflected in changes in the exchange rate. In a floating exchange rate system, a currency's value goes up (or down) if the demand for it goes up more (or less) than the supply does. In the short\",\n \"title\": \"Currency appreciation and depreciation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9008253\",\n \"text\": \"play the game y'know, what a silly game it is. One will die definitely.\\\" The digitally remastered CD edition includes live versions of \\\"Metal Heart\\\" and \\\"Screaming for a Love-Bite\\\" as bonus tracks, taken from the \\\"Kaizoku-Ban\\\" EP. The 2014 release from UK based record label Hear No Evil Recordings features live versions of \\\"Neon Nights\\\", \\\"Burning\\\" and \\\"Head Over Heels\\\", taken from the 1990 live album \\\"Staying a Life\\\". All lyrics and music written by Accept and Deaffy. Russian Roulette (Accept album) Russian Roulette is the seventh studio album by German heavy metal band Accept, released in 1986. It\",\n \"title\": \"Russian Roulette (Accept album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5067789\",\n \"text\": \"use: local or community currencies are complementary currencies used within a locality or other form of community (such as business-based or online communities); regional currencies are similar to local currencies but used within a larger geographical region; and sectoral currencies are complementary currencies used within a single economic sector, such as education or health care. Many private currencies are complementary currencies issued by private businesses or organizations. Other terms include alternative currency, auxiliary currency, and microcurrency. Mutual credit is a form of alternative currency, and thus any form of lending that does not go through the banking system can be\",\n \"title\": \"Complementary currency\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4831875\",\n \"text\": \"Currency Centre The Currency Centre (also known as the Irish Mint) is the mint of coins and printer of banknotes for the Central Bank of Ireland, including the euro currency. The centre is located at Sandyford, Dublin, Ireland. The centre does not print the complete range of euro banknotes. Other denominations are imported. The centre was designed by the architect Sam Stephenson, for which he won the RIAI Triennial Gold Medal in 1977-1979 and opened for business in 1978. Before the centre was established, Irish coins were produced in the Royal Mint. The first euro coins were minted in the\",\n \"title\": \"Currency Centre\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1701664\",\n \"text\": \"financial assets denominated in a foreign currency. It can also occur as a gradual conversion to full currency substitution, for example, Argentina and Peru were both in the process of converting to the U.S. dollar during the 1990s. \\\"Dollarization\\\", when referring to currency substitution, does not necessarily involve use of the United States dollar. The currencies that have been used as substitutes have been the US dollar, the euro, and the Australian dollar. After the gold standard was abandoned at the outbreak of World War I and the Bretton Woods Conference following World War II, some countries sought exchange rate\",\n \"title\": \"Currency substitution\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3664839\",\n \"text\": \"the debt from King William’s War. Other colonies quickly followed suit, and by 1715 ten of the thirteen had resorted to the issuance of paper currency. Economist Stanley Finkelstein highlights the advantage of paper currency, “that unless it is backed by specie it is cost free currency.” The paper currency depreciated quickly because the colonies printed more than what was taxed out of circulation. By 1740, Rhode Island bills of exchange were only four percent of face value and those of Massachusetts were eleven percent. The money supply was growing at a much faster rate than that of the overall\",\n \"title\": \"Currency Act\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13879805\",\n \"text\": \"eucalypt conservation, cultivation, ecology, physiology, systematics, and taxonomy. Additional research consists of the cut flower industry and honey production, as well as tree use, such as firewood, shade, and windbreaks. Currency Creek Arboretum The Currency Creek Arboretum (CCA; or Currency Creek Arboretum Eucalypt Research Centre) is located in the Australian state of South Australia near the small town of Currency Creek and south of the state capital of Adelaide. CCA is a specialist Eucalypt arboretum and research centre, composed solely of Australian native plants. Privately owned and operated, CCA is open by appointment only and does not charge entry fees.\",\n \"title\": \"Currency Creek Arboretum\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13879803\",\n \"text\": \"Currency Creek Arboretum The Currency Creek Arboretum (CCA; or Currency Creek Arboretum Eucalypt Research Centre) is located in the Australian state of South Australia near the small town of Currency Creek and south of the state capital of Adelaide. CCA is a specialist Eucalypt arboretum and research centre, composed solely of Australian native plants. Privately owned and operated, CCA is open by appointment only and does not charge entry fees. Run by volunteers, there is no paid staff. Dr. Dean Nicolle began looking for land between Mount Compass and Strathalbyn in 1990 to create an arboretum. The specific soil type\",\n \"title\": \"Currency Creek Arboretum\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9422226\",\n \"text\": \"which also simulcasts in Maine as WJTO 730) plays the original vinyl \\\"\\\" edit. Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is? \\\"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?\\\" is a song by the rock band Chicago. It was included on their 1969 debut album \\\"Chicago Transit Authority\\\" and released as a single in 1970. The song was written and sung by Robert Lamm. The song was not released as a single until two tracks from the band's second album, \\\"Make Me Smile\\\" and \\\"25 or 6 to 4\\\", had become hits. It became the band's third straight Top\",\n \"title\": \"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9422222\",\n \"text\": \"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is? \\\"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?\\\" is a song by the rock band Chicago. It was included on their 1969 debut album \\\"Chicago Transit Authority\\\" and released as a single in 1970. The song was written and sung by Robert Lamm. The song was not released as a single until two tracks from the band's second album, \\\"Make Me Smile\\\" and \\\"25 or 6 to 4\\\", had become hits. It became the band's third straight Top 10 single, peaking at in the U.S. and No. 2 in Canada. Because the\",\n \"title\": \"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3703475\",\n \"text\": \"Does exactly what it says on the tin \\\"It does exactly what it says on the tin\\\" was originally an advertising slogan in the United Kingdom, which then became a common idiomatic phrase. It colloquially means that the name of something is an accurate description of its qualities. It is akin to the previously existing phrases \\\"by name and by nature\\\" and \\\"it lives up to its name\\\". It originated in a series of television advertisements by the woodstain and wood-dye manufacturer Ronseal, initiated in 1994 and still being broadcast . The slogan was created by Liz Whiston and Dave\",\n \"title\": \"Does exactly what it says on the tin\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8014932\",\n \"text\": \"of the Smiths'. The character Ray Smith in the Jack Kerouac novel \\\"The Dharma Bums\\\" repeatedly says \\\"What difference does it make?\\\" as well as \\\"Pretty girls make graves\\\", the title of another track featured on \\\"The Smiths\\\". The single cover is a photograph of Terence Stamp, taken on the set of the film \\\"The Collector\\\". Originally Stamp denied permission for the still to be used, and some pressings featured Morrissey in a re-enacted scene. In the re-enactment, Morrissey is holding a glass of milk, as opposed to a chloroform pad in the original. However, Stamp later changed his mind,\",\n \"title\": \"What Difference Does It Make?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3034327\",\n \"text\": \"Series (United States currency) On U.S. currency, the series refers to the year appearing on the front of a bill, indicating when the bill's design was adopted. The printed series year does not indicate the year a bill was printed; instead it indicates the earliest year that bills of the same design were first made. For example, Series of 1882 gold certificates were being printed as late as 1927. The first U.S. currency with a series year was printed on United States Notes introduced in 1869. Before that, paper currency was identified only by the act authorizing it, for example,\",\n \"title\": \"Series (United States currency)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4183547\",\n \"text\": \"addition, over 90 central banks are engaged in DLT discussions, including implications of a central bank issued digital currency. In March 2018, the Marshall Islands became the first country to issue their own cryptocurrency and certify it as legal tender; the currency is called the \\\"sovereign\\\". Canada The Bank of Canada have explored the possibility of creating a version of its currency on the blockchain. The Bank of Canada teamed up with the nation’s five largest banks — and the blockchain consulting firm R3 — for what was known as Project Jasper. In a simulation run in 2016, the central\",\n \"title\": \"Digital currency\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6554117\",\n \"text\": \"rationale behind the creation of the euro is that the individual countries of Europe do not each form an optimal currency area, but that Europe as a whole does. The creation of the euro is often cited because it provides the most modern and largest-scale case study of an attempt to identify an optimum currency area, and provides a comparative before-and-after model by which to test the principles of the theory. In theory, an optimal currency area could also be smaller than a country. Some economists have argued that the United States, for example, has some regions that do not\",\n \"title\": \"Optimum currency area\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2290197\",\n \"text\": \"interest. In these ways it is intentionally designed to differ from the traditional fiat currency used in most countries. Consequently, it does little good to hoard time credits and, in practice, many timebanks also encourage the donation of excess time credits to a community pool which is then spent for those in need or on community events. Some criticisms of timebanking have focused on the time credit's inadequacies as a form of currency and as a market information mechanism. Frank Fisher of MIT predicted in the 80s that such a currency \\\"would lead to the kind of distortion of market\",\n \"title\": \"Time-based currency\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10159600\",\n \"text\": \"Currency-counting machine A currency-counting machine is a machine that counts money—either stacks of banknotes or loose collections of coins. Counters may be purely mechanical or use electronic components. The machines typically provide a total count of all money, or count off specific batch sizes for wrapping and storage. Currency counters are commonly used in vending machines to determine what amount of money has been deposited by customers. In some modern automated teller machines, currency counters allow for cash deposits without envelopes, since they can identify which bills have been inserted instead of just how many. The user is given the\",\n \"title\": \"Currency-counting machine\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17067166\",\n \"text\": \"abaca. As early as 1926, Philippine universities and colleges began to accept students from Thailand. And after 1949, specifically during the economic crisis, the Philippines imported Thai agricultural commodities especially rice. On June 14, 1949, official diplomatic relations were established between the Philippines and Thailand. During the later years of Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos' term and President Corazon Aquino's whole term, from 1978-1992, relations between the Philippines and Thailand were neglected due to economic crisis and the political situation in the Philippines. The relations were strengthened again after the said period. A Treaty of Friendship signed by both countries in\",\n \"title\": \"Philippines–Thailand relations\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19313996\",\n \"text\": \"endorsement, local Siamese were encouraged to gamble as well. After the gambling act was first passed in 1930 casinos were banned completely and gambling was prohibited in Thai society. The lottery was introduced to Thailand by Chinese immigrants in 1820. Commonly known to the local as \\\"huay\\\", the term is a direct translation of Chinese word \\\"huā\\\" (Chinese:花) :flower. In the beginning \\\"huay\\\" was mainly played among the community of Chinese immigrants in Thailand. It was then officially established during the reign of King Rama III to stimulate the circulation of currency as well as to generate national revenue. In\",\n \"title\": \"Gambling in Thailand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17779971\",\n \"text\": \"Jarvis. The song was released as a single officially in June 1967. \\\"What Does It Take (To Keep a Man Like You Satisfied)\\\" reached a peak of number five on the \\\"Billboard Magazine\\\" Hot Country Singles chart later that year. The single became Davis' first top-ten country hit in three years since 1964's \\\"Gonna Get Along Without You Now\\\" reached number eight. Additionally, \\\"What Does It Take\\\" was Davis' first entry onto the \\\"Billboard\\\" Bubbling Under Hot 100 since 1965, reaching a peak of twenty-one. The song was eventually released onto a studio album of the same name. What Does\",\n \"title\": \"What Does It Take (To Keep a Man Like You Satisfied)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17779970\",\n \"text\": \"What Does It Take (To Keep a Man Like You Satisfied) \\\"What Does It Take (To Keep a Man Like You Satisfied)\\\" is a song written by Jim Glaser, that was recorded and released as a single in 1967 by American country artist, Skeeter Davis. Jim Glaser was a member of the popular country music group, Tompall and the Glaser Brothers. \\\"What Does It Take (To Keep a Man Like You Satisfied)\\\" was recorded at the RCA Victor Studio in Nashville, Tennessee, United States on May 1, 1967, one month before it was released. The session was produced by Felton\",\n \"title\": \"What Does It Take (To Keep a Man Like You Satisfied)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"69222\",\n \"text\": \"a circulating medium could only be as sound as the forces that defended that store. Trade could only reach as far as the credibility of that military. By the late Bronze Age, however, a series of treaties had established safe passage for merchants around the Eastern Mediterranean, spreading from Minoan Crete and Mycenae in the northwest to Elam and Bahrain in the southeast. It is not known what was used as a currency for these exchanges, but it is thought that ox-hide shaped ingots of copper, produced in Cyprus, may have functioned as a currency. It is thought that the\",\n \"title\": \"Currency\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"69220\",\n \"text\": \"relative values of the different currencies. Currencies in this sense are defined by governments, and each type has limited boundaries of acceptance. Other definitions of the term \\\"currency\\\" are discussed in their respective synonymous articles banknote, coin, and money. The latter definition, pertaining to the currency systems of nations, is the topic of this article. Currencies can be classified into two monetary systems: fiat money and commodity money, depending on what guarantees the value (the economy at large vs. the government's physical metal reserves). Some currencies are legal tender in certain political jurisdictions. Others are simply traded for their economic\",\n \"title\": \"Currency\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4313309\",\n \"text\": \"UC Berkeley Institute of International Studies, said, This is sad to say, that the Thai social structure tends to accept this sort of abuse, and not only to accept – we have laws, we have bills that vitally support the existence of these sex establishments. That's one thing. And also, we have a Mafia that is also involved in the political parties, so this keeps the abuse going. The second reason is a cultural factor. I don't know about other countries, but in Thailand the sexual behaviour of Thai men accepts prostitution. Every class of Thai men accept it, although\",\n \"title\": \"Prostitution in Thailand\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3396565\",\n \"text\": \"determined that using Liberty Dollars as circulating money is a federal crime. The press release also stated that the \\\"Liberty Dollars\\\" are meant to compete with the circulating coinage (currency) of the United States and such competition consequently is a criminal act. The Justice Department also stated that the Liberty Dollar was confusingly similar to actual U.S. currency, and the language used on NORFED's website was deceptive. The Liberty Dollar organization responded to the Mint's press release by stating that \\\"[t]he Liberty Dollar never has claimed to be, does not claim to be, is not, and does not purport to\",\n \"title\": \"Liberty dollar (private currency)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13262758\",\n \"text\": \"This is to say, the allocation of property rights does not influence the way externalities are internalized by the market. However, many experiments, such as that by Daniel Kahneman, Jack L. Knetsch and Richard Thaler showed that measures of WTA greatly exceed measures of WTP. Another well-known example was documented by Ziv Carmon and Dan Ariely, who found that willingness to accept for tickets to a major basketball game was more than 10 times larger than the willingness to pay. One explanation is that the endowment effect makes people value a good or service more if they possess it. However,\",\n \"title\": \"Willingness to accept\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12848972\",\n \"text\": \"Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures (CPMI). The table below shows the statistics as of 31 December 2016 in billions of US dollars using the exchange rate at the end of the year. The total value is $4,687 billion. China is not part of the calculation and may be over a trillion dollars today. That leaves over 160 countries not calculated. The calculation also does not include Cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and Ripple, whose total value in circulation exceeds one hundred billion dollars. Circulation (currency) In monetary economics, circulation is the continuing use of individual units of a currency for\",\n \"title\": \"Circulation (currency)\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["thai baht"],"string":"[\n \"thai baht\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":595,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"what else did eli whitney invent?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"122631","text":"devices, drawings of which are in his collected papers, were effective but were never manufactured for use of others due to his heirs' reluctance to trade in \"indelicate\" items. The Eli Whitney Students Program, Yale University's admissions program for non-traditional students, is named in honor of Whitney, who only began his studies there when he was 23, but went on to graduate Phi Beta Kappa in just three years. Eli Whitney Eli Whitney (December 8, 1765January 8, 1825) was an American inventor best known for inventing the cotton gin. This was one of the key inventions of the Industrial Revolution","title":"Eli Whitney"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"122631\",\n \"text\": \"devices, drawings of which are in his collected papers, were effective but were never manufactured for use of others due to his heirs' reluctance to trade in \\\"indelicate\\\" items. The Eli Whitney Students Program, Yale University's admissions program for non-traditional students, is named in honor of Whitney, who only began his studies there when he was 23, but went on to graduate Phi Beta Kappa in just three years. Eli Whitney Eli Whitney (December 8, 1765January 8, 1825) was an American inventor best known for inventing the cotton gin. This was one of the key inventions of the Industrial Revolution\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"122612","text":"the newly formed United States Army. He continued making arms and inventing until his death in 1825. Whitney was born in Westborough, Massachusetts, on December 8, 1765, the eldest child of Eli Whitney Sr., a prosperous farmer, and his wife Elizabeth Fay, also of Westborough. Although the younger Eli, born in 1765, could technically be called a \"Junior\", history has never known him as such. He was famous during his lifetime and afterward by the name \"Eli Whitney\". His son, born in 1820, also named Eli, was well known during his lifetime and afterward by the name \"Eli Whitney, Jr.\"","title":"Eli Whitney"},{"psg_id":"5429702","text":"Eli Whitney Museum The Eli Whitney Museum, in Hamden, Connecticut, is an experimental learning workshop for students, teachers, and families. The museum's main building is located on a portion of the Eli Whitney Gun Factory site, a gun factory erected by Eli Whitney in 1798. The museum focuses on teaching experiments that are the roots of design and invention, featuring hands-on building projects and exhibits on Whitney and A. C. Gilbert. The museum is located on grounds that were originally developed by Eli Whitney to produce muskets on a site he purchased on September 17, 1798. The factory was powered","title":"Eli Whitney Museum"},{"psg_id":"5429708","text":"put to work developing and teaching exhibitions and projects. Apprenticeship alumni include Jennifer Oxley (Emmy Award-winning children's TV creator), Emily Oster (Economist), and Joshua Revkin (Star World Champion sailor). Eli Whitney Museum The Eli Whitney Museum, in Hamden, Connecticut, is an experimental learning workshop for students, teachers, and families. The museum's main building is located on a portion of the Eli Whitney Gun Factory site, a gun factory erected by Eli Whitney in 1798. The museum focuses on teaching experiments that are the roots of design and invention, featuring hands-on building projects and exhibits on Whitney and A. C. Gilbert.","title":"Eli Whitney Museum"},{"psg_id":"11400599","text":"now. Eli Whitney was once home to a school as well, but it too closed and was later demolished. The school's gymnasium was left standing and now serves as a community center. Eli Whitney is best known as the site of Uncle Eli's Quilting party, a one-day quilting and quilt show held annually since 1931. A historical marker stand outside the gym, where this event takes place the first Thursday in April. once invented the tucker bryant Eli Whitney, North Carolina Eli Whitney is an unincorporated community in southeastern Alamance County, North Carolina, USA. It is at the intersection of","title":"Eli Whitney, North Carolina"},{"psg_id":"10524742","text":"Eli Whitney Blake Eli Whitney Blake, Sr. (January 27, 1795 – August 18, 1886) was an American inventor, best known for his mortise lock and stone-crushing machine, the latter of which earned him a place into the National Inventors Hall of Fame. Blake studied at Leicester Academy, and was graduated at Yale in 1816, after which he studied law with Judge Gould in Litchfield, Connecticut. But this he soon abandoned at the request of his uncle, Eli Whitney, who desired his assistance in erecting and organizing the gun factory at Whitneyville. Here he made important improvements in the machinery and","title":"Eli Whitney Blake"},{"psg_id":"14052176","text":"Eli Whitney Students Program The Eli Whitney Students Program is an admissions program designed to attract students from non-traditional backgrounds to Yale College. Students admitted through the program study either part or full-time and receive either a B.A. or a B.S. from Yale College. The program is different from Yale College's Non-Degree Students Program, which enrolls students into Yale College for credit but does not allow them to receive a Yale University degree; students in the Non-Degree Program may only take a maximum of 18 credits at Yale. Started in 1982 for students who did not attend college at the","title":"Eli Whitney Students Program"},{"psg_id":"14052179","text":"contrast to the traditional student application, an interview is required and granted to only a small number of applicants. The program gets its name from the inventor Eli Whitney, who in 1789 and at the age of 23 matriculated into Yale College. Eli Whitney Students Program The Eli Whitney Students Program is an admissions program designed to attract students from non-traditional backgrounds to Yale College. Students admitted through the program study either part or full-time and receive either a B.A. or a B.S. from Yale College. The program is different from Yale College's Non-Degree Students Program, which enrolls students into","title":"Eli Whitney Students Program"},{"psg_id":"14052178","text":"Students receive exactly the same residential college and university services provided to traditional Yale College students, have complete access to Yale facilities, student organizations and libraries, and receive the same degree awarded from Yale College. Eli Whitney students are fully eligible for Yale's need-based financial aid up to the cost of tuition. Admissions standards used to evaluate Eli Whitney students mirror those applied to traditional Yale college applicants. However, while Eli Whitney candidates are subject to the same academic standards as regular Yale College candidates, in assessing more mature candidates, greater weight is given to achievement than to potential. In","title":"Eli Whitney Students Program"},{"psg_id":"14052177","text":"traditional age, the program typically admits anywhere from 2 to 9 students each academic year. In 2007 it admitted 2 and in 2009 it admitted 8. For the 2010-11 year, it admitted 4 students out of a pool of 120 applicants. In general, the program receives over 100 applications a year and accepts less than 10% of applicants. Eli Whitney students take all of their classes, and receive most of their advising, within Yale College. The Eli Whitney Students Program serves strictly as an admissions program; with the exception of being required to live off campus, once admitted, Eli Whitney","title":"Eli Whitney Students Program"},{"psg_id":"5429706","text":"historic site and A. C. Gilbert, the inventor and toy maker best known for his invention of the erector set. The museum is an experimental learning workshop for design and specializes in building projects for children blending science and invention. The site is located adjacent to the dam first built by Eli Whitney to power the armory, then raised to its current height by Eli Whitney Blake to provide more power. The museum also features water tables with canal locks and is adjacent to a water reservoir as well as hiking trails. In addition to visitor hours, the museum hosts","title":"Eli Whitney Museum"},{"psg_id":"13988854","text":"rights activities. Notably, he was a founder of the International Commission of Jurists, one of the first global human rights organizations. Debevoise also served as chairman of Governor Nelson Rockefeller’s Committee to Review New York Laws and Procedures on Human Rights and helped craft the final report that was delivered in March 1968. Debevoise retired at the age of 87 and died at his home in Manhattan on June 30, 1990. The Archives and Special Collections at Amherst College holds some of his papers. Eli Whitney Debevoise Eli Whitney Debevoise (December 14, 1899 – June 30, 1990) was a prominent","title":"Eli Whitney Debevoise"},{"psg_id":"13753263","text":"considers all loans, investments, country assistance strategies, budgets, audits and business plans of the World Bank Group entities. Borrowers include more than 125 countries and 300 companies and funds. Eli Whitney Debevoise II Eli Whitney Debevoise II (born February 8, 1953) was the U.S. Executive Director of the World Bank Group (April 6, 2007 – 2009). He is also a partner at Arnold & Porter LLP and served as Commissioner of the Maryland Port Commission in Baltimore. President George W. Bush nominated Debevoise to be U.S. Executive Director of the World Bank Group on February 16, 2007 to fill the","title":"Eli Whitney Debevoise II"},{"psg_id":"13753258","text":"Eli Whitney Debevoise II Eli Whitney Debevoise II (born February 8, 1953) was the U.S. Executive Director of the World Bank Group (April 6, 2007 – 2009). He is also a partner at Arnold & Porter LLP and served as Commissioner of the Maryland Port Commission in Baltimore. President George W. Bush nominated Debevoise to be U.S. Executive Director of the World Bank Group on February 16, 2007 to fill the vacancy left by Robert Holland and acting Executive Director Jennifer Dorn. On November 16, 2009 it was announced that he would be replaced by Ian Hoddy Solomon after his","title":"Eli Whitney Debevoise II"},{"psg_id":"13753259","text":"term was finished. Eli Whitney Debevoise II, commonly known as “Whitney Debevoise,” was born in Morristown, New Jersey in 1953, the son of Thomas M. Debevoise and Ann Taylor Debevoise. He graduated from the St. Albans School in Washington, D.C. in 1970. He graduated summa cum laude in 1974 from Yale University (where he was a member of Manuscript Society), with departmental honors in History and Latin American Studies, and received a J.D. from Harvard Law School in 1977. Debevoise is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, the American Society of International Law, the International Law Section of","title":"Eli Whitney Debevoise II"},{"psg_id":"13753262","text":"the Order of Rio Branco in 1997, which recognizes Brazilian and \"foreign individuals\" who have significantly contributed to the promotion of Brazil's international relations. Debevoise also handled cases in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and World Trade Organization dispute settlement mechanism and at the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes, including cases establishing rulings on the allocation of arbital expenses and attorney's fees. Eli Whitney Debevoise was U.S. Executive Director of the World Bank Group from April 6, 2007 to October 2009. He represented the United States on a 24-member board representing 186 member countries that","title":"Eli Whitney Debevoise II"},{"psg_id":"13753260","text":"the American Bar Association, and the International Bar Association. He speaks Portuguese, Spanish, and French fluently, and holds an honorary law degree from Vermont Law School. He is the great, great grandson of Eli Whitney. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Debevoise clerked for the Hon. William J. Holloway, Jr., of the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit in 1978 through 1979. Debevoise started at Arnold & Porter, LLP as an associate in 1979 and practiced as a partner from 1986 to 2007. During this time, he increasingly specialized in international financial transactions, banking and international trade.","title":"Eli Whitney Debevoise II"},{"psg_id":"10149538","text":"is able to leave the club. Lauren and Audrina get into an argument with Heidi and Spencer outside of Les Deux, where Lauren delivers the now-famous quote \"You know what you did!\", elaborating that \"You started a sick little rumor about me! You're a sad, pathetic person.\" The following morning, Heidi explains to her co-worker Elodie Otto that she was unaware of said speculation, and still wants to reconcile with Lauren. Meanwhile, Lauren tells Whitney that she is saddened by the idea of losing her friend, although admits that she has benefited from their separation. \"You Know What You Did\"","title":"You Know What You Did"},{"psg_id":"20016935","text":"to totally write Gabi off despite his interest... because Julie said Gabi caused her to have a heart attack by yelling at her.\" Then Eli quickly changed his tune when someone else came to Gabi's defense with checking the story. He continued that as a FBI agent, Eli \"should be capable of figuring out the truth himself rather than relying on what other people say.\" Eli Grant Eli Grant is a fictional character from the long-running NBC daytime soap opera \"Days of Our Lives\". Created by head writers Dena Higley and Ryan Quan, the role was originated by actor Lamon","title":"Eli Grant"},{"psg_id":"19346145","text":"the band stating that \"The fire that once drove me, isn't what it once was.\", and that he would continue to support the band until the day he is in the ground. He goes on to state that the cause of this was being on the road all the time which made him question if this was what he really wanted to keep doing. Invent Animate is represented by Royal Division Entertainment and The Soroka Agency. Invent Animate incorporates elements of metalcore, progressive metalcore, progressive metal, ambient, djent, and post-hardcore in their music. They often feature start-and-stop arrangements of calm","title":"Invent Animate"},{"psg_id":"6621389","text":"What Else Is There? \"What Else Is There?\" is the third single from the Norwegian duo Röyksopp's second album \"The Understanding\". It features the vocals of Karin Dreijer from the Swedish electronica duo The Knife. The album was released in the UK with the help of Astralwerks. The single was used in an O2 television advertisement in the Czech Republic and in Slovakia during 2008. It was also used in the 2006 film \"Cashback\" and the 2007 film, \"Meet Bill\". Trentemøller's remix of \"What Else is There?\" was featured in an episode of the HBO show \"Entourage\". The song was","title":"What Else Is There?"},{"psg_id":"11268571","text":"single, the original release for \"I Don't Want To\", featured track 2, \"Loneliness Costs\", as its B-side. \"We Didn't Invent the Remix\" was followed by two other mixtapes: \"What We Almost Made\" and \"Credit Munch\". We Didn't Invent the Remix We Didn't Invent the Remix is a remix album by London-born recording artist Example. After many setbacks and promises, Example released a 13-track limited-edition mixtape available through the Internet or at concerts during his spring 2007 tour supporting Plan B, The Rifles, and Just Jack). Underneath the track listing there is an advert for \"What We Made\" which is said","title":"We Didn't Invent the Remix"},{"psg_id":"15144629","text":"Eli Meltzer Eli Meltzer, (born September 26, 1979) better known by his stage name Smoov-E, is an American musician. He is from Summertown, Tennessee but moved to Sebastopol, California at a young age. Smoov-E a.k.a. Eli was born Eli Rafael Meltzer in Summertown, Tennessee on September 26, 1979 to Alan and Lee Meltzer. The youngest of 4 siblings, Eli, his three sisters, mom, and dad moved to Sebastopol when he was 4 years old. It was there that he grew up on the sounds of his parents' favorite records by artists such as The Talking Heads, The Police, Whitney Houston,","title":"Eli Meltzer"},{"psg_id":"6621391","text":"floating woman traveling across stormy landscapes and within empty houses. Dreijer makes a cameo appearance as a woman wearing an Elizabethan ruff while dining alone at a festive table. The song is also featured in the movie \"Meet Bill\" as characters played by Jessica Alba and Aaron Eckhart smoke marijuana while listening to it. It is also part of the end credits music of the film \"Cashback\". What Else Is There? \"What Else Is There?\" is the third single from the Norwegian duo Röyksopp's second album \"The Understanding\". It features the vocals of Karin Dreijer from the Swedish electronica duo","title":"What Else Is There?"},{"psg_id":"17412384","text":"A Dream, What Else? A Dream, What Else? () is a 1995 Austrian-German drama film written and directed by Hans-Jürgen Syberberg. It stars Edith Clever as Sybille von Bismarck, the daughter-in-law of Otto von Bismarck. The film consists of a monologue where the main character, aged and widowed, mourns the defeat of Prussia at the end of World War II. She recites from \"The Trojan Women\" by Euripides, \"The Prince of Homburg\" by Heinrich von Kleist and \"\" by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. The monologue was first performed on stage in Berlin in 1990 and toured several countries during the","title":"A Dream, What Else?"},{"psg_id":"17412385","text":"following years. The film was shot in the summer 1994 at Szene-Theater in Salzburg, Austria, for Szene Salzburg and ORF. It was produced through Syberberg's German company TMS Film. A Dream, What Else? A Dream, What Else? () is a 1995 Austrian-German drama film written and directed by Hans-Jürgen Syberberg. It stars Edith Clever as Sybille von Bismarck, the daughter-in-law of Otto von Bismarck. The film consists of a monologue where the main character, aged and widowed, mourns the defeat of Prussia at the end of World War II. She recites from \"The Trojan Women\" by Euripides, \"The Prince of","title":"A Dream, What Else?"},{"psg_id":"11268569","text":"We Didn't Invent the Remix We Didn't Invent the Remix is a remix album by London-born recording artist Example. After many setbacks and promises, Example released a 13-track limited-edition mixtape available through the Internet or at concerts during his spring 2007 tour supporting Plan B, The Rifles, and Just Jack). Underneath the track listing there is an advert for \"What We Made\" which is said to come out June 2007. Like this mixtape, it was set back for some time, eventually being released in September due to legal issues. \"We Didn't Invent the Remix\" (a reference to the P. Diddy","title":"We Didn't Invent the Remix"},{"psg_id":"122613","text":"Whitney's mother, Elizabeth Fay, died in 1777, when he was 11. At age 14 he operated a profitable nail manufacturing operation in his father's workshop during the Revolutionary War. Because his stepmother opposed his wish to attend college, Whitney worked as a farm laborer and school teacher to save money. He prepared for Yale at Leicester Academy (now Becker College) and under the tutelage of Rev. Elizur Goodrich of Durham, Connecticut, he entered in the fall of 1789 and graduated Phi Beta Kappa in 1792. Whitney expected to study law but, finding himself short of funds, accepted an offer to","title":"Eli Whitney"},{"psg_id":"19680014","text":"Whitney Shumate Whitney Shumate (July 16, 1896 - February 28, 1966) was a noted businessman and civic leader in Henry County, Virginia, and especially in Martinsville, Virginia. Whitney Shumate was born in Rock Run, Virginia, near Bassett, Virginia in rural Henry County, Virginia. His father was John Wesley Shumate and his mother was Martha Wells Shumate, who died soon after childbirth. His first name was given in honor of the inventor, Eli Whitney, but due to the sudden death of his mother, he never received a middle name. Whitney was the youngest of ten children. His father later remarried, to","title":"Whitney Shumate"},{"psg_id":"14336010","text":"the New Haven town line to Dixwell Avenue, the road is state-maintained with an unsigned designation of State Road 707. Within New Haven, Whitney Avenue is a town road. The J route of Connecticut Transit New Haven, which connects New Haven to Waterbury, runs along Whitney Avenue. Whitney Avenue is named after Eli Whitney, Jr., whose factory was located by the Mill River near the road. The New Haven portion of Whitney Avenue \"originated as an early road leading from central New Haven northward to Hartford. The Hartford and New Haven Turnpike Company improved it as a turnpike in 1798.\"","title":"Whitney Avenue"},{"psg_id":"19346141","text":"Invent Animate Invent Animate (previously stylized as Invent, Animate) is an American metalcore band from Port Neches, Texas. The band formed in late 2011 and self-released their debut EP titled \"Waves\" on March 13, 2012. After a number of regional tours and increasing popularity in the online djent community, the band was signed up by Tragic Hero Records in February 2014. The band announced they would release their debut full-length record titled \"Everchanger\" on August 26, 2014. Their sophomore album \"Stillworld\" was released on July 8, 2016. Invent Animate formed in 2011 and immediately began working on their first EP","title":"Invent Animate"},{"psg_id":"13728971","text":"1995. The song debuted at number 64 on the Canadian \"RPM\" Country Tracks on the chart dated February 6, 1995 and spent 11 weeks on the chart before peaking at number 1 on April 17. What Else Can I Do \"What Else Can I Do\" is the title of a country music song written by Tony Arata and Scott Miller. It was recorded by Patricia Conroy on her 1994 album \"You Can't Resist\". In Canada, the song was released in 1995 by Warner Music Canada as the album's second single. In the United States, the song was released in 1996","title":"What Else Can I Do"},{"psg_id":"13728970","text":"What Else Can I Do \"What Else Can I Do\" is the title of a country music song written by Tony Arata and Scott Miller. It was recorded by Patricia Conroy on her 1994 album \"You Can't Resist\". In Canada, the song was released in 1995 by Warner Music Canada as the album's second single. In the United States, the song was released in 1996 by Intersound Records also as the album second single, but failed to chart on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. The song became a Number One on the Canadian \"RPM\" Country Tracks in","title":"What Else Can I Do"},{"psg_id":"20016917","text":"it's ok to go to Julie.\" He doesn't know how she will react. Despite his trepidation, Eli forces Valerie to tell Julie the truth or else he will do it himself. According to Archey, Eli knows \"It needs to come out.\" Eli puts his mom \"on the spot\" and forces her hand. Eli isn't prepared for Julie's reaction but he \"sympathizes with her.\" Because they both have lost David and are learning this \"huge\" secret, it allows them to bond. Archey viewed the revelation about his paternity as a \"brighter side\" to losing David. For Eli, connecting with Julie means","title":"Eli Grant"},{"psg_id":"20016899","text":"him. Sonny keeps Eli from killing Paul as they realize he has contracted jungle madness. Eli later serves as a listening ear when Lani has doubts about her relationship with JJ. At Paul's request, Eli agrees to kill him if he tries to harm anyone else but they are soon rescued. Back home Lani convinces Eli to reconcile with Val and he is surprised to learn that she and Julie have also called a truce. Julie then gifts Eli with the Martin House, which belonged to his great-grandfather and plans a welcome home party for everyone from the island. During","title":"Eli Grant"},{"psg_id":"7948311","text":"commander. I look through my binoculars and I see children.\" Mr. Begin said he asked the colonel, \"Did you get an order to kill those children?\" The officer said there had been no such order and Mr. Begin asked, \"So what are you complaining about?\" In 2014 Norwegian songwriter Moddi released a song named after Eli Geva in support of his insubordination and pacifism. This song was written by Richard Burgess in 1982 for Norwegian singer Birgitte Grimstad. She was persuaded to refrain from performing the song on her Israel tour the same year. Eli Geva Eli Geva (; born","title":"Eli Geva"},{"psg_id":"8361399","text":"the soldiers and crucified. With his friends Xena and Gabrielle now dead, Eli begins doubting the power of his god. Amarice blames him because his preaching the Way of Love made Gabrielle weak. He asks his god: \"What good is this gift if I can't at least protect the ones I love? Why did you even give this to me? What am I supposed to do?\" Eli's god answers his questions when the powers in heaven send an angelic Callisto to Eli in a vision. In the vision she tells Eli that he must use his powers to bring Xena","title":"Eli (Xena: Warrior Princess)"},{"psg_id":"7347822","text":"'Dad?' Hurley comments that he did not expect Rose's husband to be white, before Jack quickly changes the subject. The producers felt it was important to address that they are an interracial couple, and that Hurley was saying what the audience would be thinking. Caldwell agreed with them and thought it would be odd if the issue was not addressed. Anderson also was glad that Hurley brought up the issue, and liked that Jack did not pay any attention. The episode gained 21.54 million American viewers in its first airing. What Kate Did \"What Kate Did\" is the 34th episode","title":"What Kate Did"},{"psg_id":"19346146","text":"atmospheric passages and intense metalcore breakdowns. The band's guitar work prominently features slide tapping, dissonance, and technical riffs. The band delivers vocals in a wide range, including mid-pitch screams, low death growls, and somber clean singing. The band has been compared to ERRA, Northlane, Architects, Misery Signals, and Reflections. Invent Animate Invent Animate (previously stylized as Invent, Animate) is an American metalcore band from Port Neches, Texas. The band formed in late 2011 and self-released their debut EP titled \"Waves\" on March 13, 2012. After a number of regional tours and increasing popularity in the online djent community, the band","title":"Invent Animate"},{"psg_id":"4563379","text":"Benjamin Eli Smith Benjamin Eli Smith, L.H.D. (February 7, 1857 – March 18, 1913) was an American editor and the son of Eli Smith. Born in Beirut, Ottoman Empire (now Beirut, Lebanon), he graduated from Amherst College (A.B., 1877; A.M., 1881), earning the degree of L.H.D. in 1902. He was managing editor of the first edition of the Century Dictionary, and editor-in-chief of the revised edition after the death of editor William Dwight Whitney in 1894. As the editor, he was also responsible for the \"Century Cyclopedia of Names\" (1894), the \"Century Atlas\" (1897), the two-volume \"Century Dictionary Supplement\" (1909),","title":"Benjamin Eli Smith"},{"psg_id":"7578097","text":"as Dorry, Bryn McAuley as Joanna, and Dean Stockwell as \"Tramp\". A 1972 UK movie adaptation, \"Katy\", starred Clare Walker, and the 1962 eight-part TV series made in the UK, also called \"Katy\", featured rising star Susan Hampshire in the title role. In 2015, author Jacqueline Wilson wrote her novel \"Katy\", which is a modern retelling of \"What Katy Did\". The August 2016 edition of Storytime featured a new illustrated adaptation with illustrations by Italian artist Marco Guadalupi. \"What Katy Did\" was followed by four sequels: \"What Katy Did at School\" in which Katy and Clover attend the fictional Hillsover","title":"What Katy Did"},{"psg_id":"18937073","text":"quietest albums in Michael Gira’s catalog.\" What We Did What We Did is a collaborative studio album by Swans frontman Michael Gira and Windsor for the Derby member Dan Matz. It was released on November 13, 2001 through Gira's Young God Records label. \"What We Did\" has a considerably more pop-oriented and accessible sound, compared to Gira's other solo works. The majority of the lyrics on the album was written by Matz. Allmusic critic Thom Jurek described the album as \"a finely wrought album of relayed styles and layered textures enfolding one another into a music that could have only","title":"What We Did"},{"psg_id":"18937071","text":"What We Did What We Did is a collaborative studio album by Swans frontman Michael Gira and Windsor for the Derby member Dan Matz. It was released on November 13, 2001 through Gira's Young God Records label. \"What We Did\" has a considerably more pop-oriented and accessible sound, compared to Gira's other solo works. The majority of the lyrics on the album was written by Matz. Allmusic critic Thom Jurek described the album as \"a finely wrought album of relayed styles and layered textures enfolding one another into a music that could have only been made by these two men,","title":"What We Did"},{"psg_id":"7578098","text":"School (set in Hanover, New Hampshire); \"What Katy Did Next\", in which a new friend of Katy's takes her on a once-in-a-lifetime trip to Europe; \"Clover\", in which Katy is married and Clover accompanies her brother Phil to Colorado after he falls ill; and \"In the High Valley\", which shows the lives of a handful of young people living in the High Valley in Colorado, including Clover, Elsie and their husbands. What Katy Did What Katy Did is an 1872 children's book written by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey under her pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the adventures of a twelve-year-old","title":"What Katy Did"},{"psg_id":"5429703","text":"by water from the Mill River and produced muskets for the United States government. On June 14, 1798, he contracted to produce 10,000 muskets to be delivered within 28 months at the cost of $134,000.00; in fact, it took ten years. When he signed the contract, Whitney had no factory, no workers and no experience in gun manufacturing. However, in a letter to Secretary of the Treasury Oliver Wolcott, a fellow Yale University graduate and friend, Whitney had written: Whitney's factory was at the very forefront of the American Industrial Revolution, using water-powered machinery, and it was among the first","title":"Eli Whitney Museum"},{"psg_id":"15630119","text":"John Craig is a musician. He also has another younger half-brother named Sam Greisman, who is Sally Field's youngest son. Craig is a passionate outdoorsman and worked as an Outward Bound instructor for several years after college. He's led climbing trips up the mountaineers route on Mt. Whitney, Aconcagua, Mt. Rainier, Pico De Orizaba, and Denali. Craig is married to actress and former Yellow \"Power Ranger\" Sasha Williams, and together they have 2 children: Noah, born in 2006, and Colin, born in 2014. Eli Craig Elijah Matthew \"Eli\" Craig (born May 25, 1972) is an American-Canadian screenwriter and film director,","title":"Eli Craig"},{"psg_id":"16918897","text":"three agree to keep the incident a secret, no-one else (apart from Lara) being directly aware of their involvement. Lara reassures Richard that she lied to Garda investigators to protect Richard, telling them that she had left the party with Richard before the brawl broke out. Richard attends a Garda station and gives a false statement to this effect. He tells the truth to his father, Peter (Lars Mikkelsen), who is distraught and tells him to stay alone at the family's beach house; while there, Richard breaks down in panic over what has happened. A few days later, Peter has","title":"What Richard Did"},{"psg_id":"2404282","text":"not invent the revolver concept, his designs resulted in the first very successful ones. The most famous Colt products include the Colt Walker, made 1847 in the facilities of Eli Whitney Jr., the Single Action Army or Peacemaker, the Colt Python, and the Colt M1911 pistol, which is currently the longest-standing military and law enforcement service handgun in the world and is still used today. Though they did not develop it, for a long time Colt was also primarily responsible for all AR-15 and M16 rifle production, as well as many derivatives of those firearms. The most successful and famous","title":"Colt's Manufacturing Company"},{"psg_id":"13579047","text":"Mrs. Ashe's brother, Ned, they fell in love. When Katy got home, she received a letter from Ned and blushed and ran to her room, leaving Clover and the reader thinking that Katy and Ned may get married in the future. What Katy Did Next What Katy Did Next (1886) is a children's book by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey, working under the pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the stories \"What Katy Did\" (1872) and \"What Katy Did At School\" (1873) and tells the adventures of Katy Carr as she travels to Europe. The book opens by reintroducing the Carr family","title":"What Katy Did Next"},{"psg_id":"13579043","text":"What Katy Did Next What Katy Did Next (1886) is a children's book by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey, working under the pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the stories \"What Katy Did\" (1872) and \"What Katy Did At School\" (1873) and tells the adventures of Katy Carr as she travels to Europe. The book opens by reintroducing the Carr family and introducing the widow Mrs. Ashe. Mrs. Ashe has her nephew, Walter, over for a visit and it is discovered that he has scarlet fever. Anxious that her only daughter Amy should not contract the disease, Amy is sent to live","title":"What Katy Did Next"},{"psg_id":"7578094","text":"Cousin Helen: Papa's niece; she cannot walk because of an accident years ago. Despite her suffering she is amusing, cheerful, and kind; just what Katy wants to be. After Katy's accident, Cousin Helen helps her adjust to her illness. Susan Coolidge shared her publisher, Roberts Brothers, with Louisa May Alcott, and \"What Katy Did\" helped satisfy the demand for naturalistic novels about girlhood that followed the 1868 success of \"Little Women\". Like Alcott, Coolidge heightened the realism of her novel by drawing on her own childhood memories. \"What Katy Did\" also illustrates social shifts. First the novel depicts the treatment","title":"What Katy Did"},{"psg_id":"5753826","text":"album, \"Definitive Collection\", which reached number 1 in the UK Albums Chart in 2005. Paper Lace included this song on their 1974 album, \"Paper Lace\". I Did What I Did for Maria \"I Did What I Did for Maria\" is a song recorded by English singer Tony Christie. It was written and produced by Mitch Murray and Peter Callander, who were also responsible for Christie's \"Las Vegas\" and \"Avenues and Alleyways\". The song is about a widower who, on the eve of his execution, recalls how he remorselessly avenged his dead wife, hence the title. It was a number 2","title":"I Did What I Did for Maria"},{"psg_id":"5753825","text":"I Did What I Did for Maria \"I Did What I Did for Maria\" is a song recorded by English singer Tony Christie. It was written and produced by Mitch Murray and Peter Callander, who were also responsible for Christie's \"Las Vegas\" and \"Avenues and Alleyways\". The song is about a widower who, on the eve of his execution, recalls how he remorselessly avenged his dead wife, hence the title. It was a number 2 UK hit in June 1971, and was also a hit in Ireland, where it also reached number 2. The track later appeared on Christie's compilation","title":"I Did What I Did for Maria"},{"psg_id":"19600041","text":"the Flower Bowl Stakes in October. With her 2017 wins in the Gamely Stakes and Diana Stakes, she won at least one Grade I race in each of her four racing seasons. Bred by Runnymede Farm, Lady Eli is by Divine Park out of Sacre Coeur, both of whom were also bred by Runnymede. Martin O'Dowd of Runnymede Farm would later say: \"[Lady Eli] was very independent, but also easy to live with. She was a big, strong filly. As a yearling she was agreeable prepping for the sale; she came out and did what you asked her to do","title":"Lady Eli"},{"psg_id":"8334567","text":"– 0:31 16. \"A Little Buzz\" – 2:46 17. \"Kids Didn't Change\" – 0:54 18. \"Heaven Is Where the Heart Is\" – 5:03 What Did He Say? What Did He Say? is the second solo album released by bassist Victor Wooten. 1. \"Yo Victa\" – 0:07 2. \"What Did He Say?\" – 3:20 3. \"What You Won't Do for Love\" – 4:43 4. \"Cherokee\" – 1:49 5. \"Don't Wanna Cry\" – 5:07 6. \"The Lonliest Monk\" – 4:36 7. \"A Chance\" – 2:54 8. \"Radio W-OO-10\" – 1:06 9. \"Norwegian Wood\" – 4:52 10. \"Bro John\" – 4:18 11. \"Naima\"","title":"What Did He Say?"},{"psg_id":"8334566","text":"What Did He Say? What Did He Say? is the second solo album released by bassist Victor Wooten. 1. \"Yo Victa\" – 0:07 2. \"What Did He Say?\" – 3:20 3. \"What You Won't Do for Love\" – 4:43 4. \"Cherokee\" – 1:49 5. \"Don't Wanna Cry\" – 5:07 6. \"The Lonliest Monk\" – 4:36 7. \"A Chance\" – 2:54 8. \"Radio W-OO-10\" – 1:06 9. \"Norwegian Wood\" – 4:52 10. \"Bro John\" – 4:18 11. \"Naima\" – 5:57 12. \"Sometimes I Laugh\" – 3:20 13. \"My Life\" – 4:45 14. \"The Sojourn of Arjuna\" – 6:29 15. \"Buzz Ntro\"","title":"What Did He Say?"},{"psg_id":"3994152","text":"I Were You I Wouldn't<nowiki>\"</nowiki> in January 2016 on their YouTube account, followed by \"Fireball\" in June 2016, their first songs released since 'Zanzibar III : Analog Prison'. The band was named after friend's child said the phrase 'Mommy, look what I did', about a drawing to her mother when Barry was talking to her over the phone discussing what the band's name should be. Look What I Did Look What I Did is an American post-hardcore band, formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. The music combines elements of jazz/fusion, hardcore, metal, and progressive pop punk. The band is","title":"Look What I Did"},{"psg_id":"9404287","text":"The plastic grips came in either a black, dark brown or white, the white grips are found mostly on the nickel-plated models. The frame being investment cast by Alcoa was a new idea for the gun industry at the time, now it is widely used by almost every major gun manufacturer today. Its name \"Wolverine\" was named after Hillberg's favorite football team, the University of Michigan Wolverines. The \"Whitney\" name was used because the factory was located near the old Eli Whitney factory site. A victim of extremely poor marketing in the beginning, financial problems and then being under priced","title":"Whitney Wolverine"},{"psg_id":"7578085","text":"up: \"What Katy Did at School\" and \"What Katy Did Next\". Two further sequels relating the adventures of Katy's younger siblings were also published—\"Clover\" and \"In the High Valley\". The books were frequently reprinted and all are available online. Coolidge modeled Katy on her own childhood self, and the other 'Little Carrs' on her brothers and sisters. The title is a play on the katydid, a family of insects – which explains the insects on the first edition book cover. 12-year-old Katy Carr lives with her widowed father and her two brothers and three sisters in Burnet, a small midwestern","title":"What Katy Did"},{"psg_id":"7578084","text":"What Katy Did What Katy Did is an 1872 children's book written by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey under her pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the adventures of a twelve-year-old American girl, Katy Carr, and her family who live in the fictional lakeside Ohio town of Burnet in the 1860s. Katy is a tall untidy tomboy, forever getting into scrapes but wishing to be beautiful and beloved. When a terrible accident makes her an invalid, her illness and four-year recovery gradually teach her to be as good and kind as she has always wanted. Two sequels follow Katy as she grows","title":"What Katy Did"},{"psg_id":"7347814","text":"What Kate Did \"What Kate Did\" is the 34th episode of \"Lost\". It is the ninth episode of the second season. The episode was directed by Paul Edwards, and written by Steven Maeda and Craig Wright. It first aired on November 30, 2005, on ABC. The character of Kate Austen is featured in the episode's flashbacks. Kate Austen kills her alcoholic stepfather, Wayne Jansen, by blowing up his house. Kate confronts her mother, Diane Austen. Kate reveals that she took out an insurance policy under Diane's name. Later, Kate attempts to buy a ticket to Tallahassee, when she is arrested","title":"What Kate Did"},{"psg_id":"16918902","text":"Festival in Turkey. The film was released on DVD in Ireland on 8 February 2013. What Richard Did What Richard Did is a 2012 Irish film directed by Lenny Abrahamson and written by Malcolm Campbell. The film is loosely based on Kevin Power's \"Bad Day in Blackrock\", a fictionalised novel inspired by the real-life death of Brian Murphy in 2000. It won the best Irish film of the year award at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards and was the most commercially successful Irish film of 2012. It has screened at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival and the","title":"What Richard Did"},{"psg_id":"16918894","text":"What Richard Did What Richard Did is a 2012 Irish film directed by Lenny Abrahamson and written by Malcolm Campbell. The film is loosely based on Kevin Power's \"Bad Day in Blackrock\", a fictionalised novel inspired by the real-life death of Brian Murphy in 2000. It won the best Irish film of the year award at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards and was the most commercially successful Irish film of 2012. It has screened at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival and the BFI London Film Festival and was selected to screen at the Tribeca Film Festival in","title":"What Richard Did"},{"psg_id":"11856928","text":"early 20s. The story was adapted by Ellen Dryden for BBC Radio 4's Woman's Hour Drama in 2004. What Hetty Did What Hetty Did is the seventh novel by J.L. Carr, published in 1988 when he was 76 years old. The novel describes the experiences of an 18-year-old girl. Hetty Birtwisle has been brought up by adoptive parents in the Fens; after a beating by her father, discovering that she was adopted, she flees to Birmingham where she has learnt she was born and alters her surname to Beauchamp. Hetty Beauchamp comes across several characters from Carr's other novels in","title":"What Hetty Did"},{"psg_id":"11856925","text":"What Hetty Did What Hetty Did is the seventh novel by J.L. Carr, published in 1988 when he was 76 years old. The novel describes the experiences of an 18-year-old girl. Hetty Birtwisle has been brought up by adoptive parents in the Fens; after a beating by her father, discovering that she was adopted, she flees to Birmingham where she has learnt she was born and alters her surname to Beauchamp. Hetty Beauchamp comes across several characters from Carr's other novels in the boarding house in which she lives, including Emma Foxberrow, a teacher in \"The Harpole Report\" and Edward","title":"What Hetty Did"},{"psg_id":"3994147","text":"Look What I Did Look What I Did is an American post-hardcore band, formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. The music combines elements of jazz/fusion, hardcore, metal, and progressive pop punk. The band is known for its intense live show, described by Cincinnati CityBeat as a \"live act capable of unleashing a scary, uncontrolled intensity bordering on dangerous,\" and oft-satirical eccentric lyrics. Look What I Did was formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee by singer Barry Donegan and guitarist Colby Shea. Miles McPherson (drums, currently drumming for Kelly Clarkson) and Chris Bradley (bass) were added before the band's first","title":"Look What I Did"},{"psg_id":"18787754","text":"daughter. All three examples are connected by a chorus stating \"\"I'll take this one day and figure out what I did right / And I'll do it the same way for the rest of my life.\"\" Deborah Evans Price of \"Billboard\" reviewed the song favorably, saying that \"Like 'I Hope You Dance'…the song will touch a universal chord with everyone who has experienced a moment so perfect they wish they could capture it and live it over again.\" What I Did Right \"What I Did Right\" is a song recorded by American country music group Sons of the Desert. It","title":"What I Did Right"},{"psg_id":"17247248","text":"Thomas has also appeared advising on corsets on ABC's Nightline in 2012 and in the same year was nominated for Cosmopolitan's Businesswoman of the Year. The brand recreates designs from the 1950s including the bullet bra, which has been worn by celebrities such as Madonna and Rihanna. What Katie Did are also known for their steel boned corsets. Models for the company include Bernie Dexter, Missy Malone, Jami Deadly and Miss Polly Rae. What Katie Did (company) What Katie Did is a British lingerie design house founded in 1999 by Katie Thomas. In 1999, being unable to afford fully fashioned","title":"What Katie Did (company)"},{"psg_id":"122630","text":"to Henrietta Edwards, granddaughter of the famed evangelist Jonathan Edwards, daughter of Pierpont Edwards, head of the Democratic Party in Connecticut, and first cousin of Yale's president, Timothy Dwight, the state's leading Federalist, further tied him to Connecticut's ruling elite. In a business dependent on government contracts, such connections were essential to success. Whitney died of prostate cancer on January 8, 1825, in New Haven, Connecticut, just a month after his 59th birthday. He left a widow and his four children behind. During the course of his illness, he invented and constructed several devices to mechanically ease his pain. These","title":"Eli Whitney"},{"psg_id":"122623","text":"idea eluded Whitney until near the end of his life, occurring first in others' armories. Attempts at interchangeability of parts can be traced back as far as the Punic Wars through both archaeological remains of boats now in Museo Archeologico Baglio Anselmi and contemporary written accounts. In modern times the idea developed over decades among many people. An early leader was Jean-Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval, an 18th-century French artillerist who created a fair amount of standardization of artillery pieces, although not true interchangeability of parts. He inspired others, including Honoré Blanc and Louis de Tousard, to work further on the","title":"Eli Whitney"},{"psg_id":"122614","text":"go to South Carolina as a private tutor. Instead of reaching his destination, he was convinced to visit Georgia. In the closing years of the 18th century, Georgia was a magnet for New Englanders seeking their fortunes (its Revolutionary-era governor had been Lyman Hall, a migrant from Connecticut). When he initially sailed for South Carolina, among his shipmates were the widow (Catherine Littlefield Greene) and family of the Revolutionary hero Gen. Nathanael Greene of Rhode Island. Mrs. Greene invited Whitney to visit her Georgia plantation, Mulberry Grove. Her plantation manager and husband-to-be was Phineas Miller, another Connecticut migrant and Yale","title":"Eli Whitney"},{"psg_id":"17247247","text":"What Katie Did (company) What Katie Did is a British lingerie design house founded in 1999 by Katie Thomas. In 1999, being unable to afford fully fashioned stockings, Thomas decided to invest in nylons to sell at The London Fetish Fair. This led to Thomas creating her own website. In 2002, What Katie Did's first reproduction of the Bullet bra was launched, the first to be produced in the country. The next year, the company opened a boutique in London Portobello. In 2010, Thomas was asked to advise on an bra of Marilyn Monroe that was put up for auction.","title":"What Katie Did (company)"},{"psg_id":"7941420","text":"out of the plan. Worried, Marlon later intervened to stop Eli, but the gun went off accidentally and Marlon was shot in the chest. Marlon recovered, but was angry with Eli. When a story about him being a hero appeared, Marlon was rewarded for his supposed bravery with enough money to buy himself and Donna a house, Eli was jealous and began to blackmail his brother. Zak eventually found out what was going on and physically attacked Eli, calling him a \"snivelling little traitor\". Instead of leaving town, Eli lay in wait and kidnapped his brother, driving him to the","title":"Eli Dingle"},{"psg_id":"1797035","text":"1871, King returned to climb what he believed to be Whitney, but having taken a different approach, he actually summited nearby Mount Langley. Upon learning of his mistake in 1873, King finally completed his own first ascent of Whitney, but did so a month too late to claim the first recorded ascent. Just a month earlier, on August 18, 1873, Charles Begole, A. H. Johnson, and John Lucas, all of nearby Lone Pine, had become the first to reach the highest summit in the contiguous United States. As they climbed the mountain during a fishing trip to nearby Kern Canyon,","title":"Mount Whitney"},{"psg_id":"13393593","text":"English football Burnley gained promotion. Eli was known for his commitment and high work rate and the chant of 'Eli-Eli-Eli-Eli' was a regular one at Turf Moor as he turned in some top performances. Possibly Eli's best goal was against Derby County in the FA Cup during the 1991 to 1992 season where he scored a diving header against Peter Shilton the former England goal keeper to earn the Clarets a draw and replay. Eli's later career was beset by injuries and he did not make many further starts for Burnley after they gained promotion. He was eventually released in","title":"Roger Eli"},{"psg_id":"7263691","text":"2016, Shout! Factory released the film for the first time on Blu-ray Disc under their sub-label, Scream Factory. \"I Saw What You Did\" was remade for television in 1988 with Robert Carradine, David Carradine, Tammy Lauren and Shawnee Smith. I Saw What You Did I Saw What You Did is a 1965 American horror-thriller film released by Universal Pictures and starring Joan Crawford and John Ireland. The plot follows two teenage girls who find themselves in serious danger after making a prank phone call to a man who has just murdered his wife. The screenplay by William P. McGivern was","title":"I Saw What You Did"},{"psg_id":"10149533","text":"You Know What You Did \"You Know What You Did\" is the first episode of the third season of \"The Hills\". It originally aired on MTV on August 13, 2007. In the episode, Lauren Conrad ends her friendship with former housemate Heidi Montag after suspecting that Heidi and her boyfriend Spencer Pratt fabricated rumors of a sex tape involving Lauren and her ex-boyfriend Jason Wahler. The ensuing feud between the women becomes a central focus of the series, and is carried through each subsequent season in which Conrad appears. \"You Know What You Did\" was produced by Tony DiSanto, Adam","title":"You Know What You Did"},{"psg_id":"4173664","text":"mediocre material of this debut LP hides the fact that Houston is a singer with enormous power and potential\" on their reviews for 1985's releases. Don Shewey of \"Rolling Stone\" described her as \"one of the most exciting new voices in years\" and stated that: \"Because she has a technically polished voice like Patti Austin's, [...] her interpretive approach is what sets her apart\" and \"Whitney Houston is obviously headed for stardom, and if nothing else, her album is an exciting preview of coming attractions.\" But he expressed a little disappointment about undistinguished pop-soul tunes, commenting \"many of the songs","title":"Whitney Houston (album)"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"122612\",\n \"text\": \"the newly formed United States Army. He continued making arms and inventing until his death in 1825. Whitney was born in Westborough, Massachusetts, on December 8, 1765, the eldest child of Eli Whitney Sr., a prosperous farmer, and his wife Elizabeth Fay, also of Westborough. Although the younger Eli, born in 1765, could technically be called a \\\"Junior\\\", history has never known him as such. He was famous during his lifetime and afterward by the name \\\"Eli Whitney\\\". His son, born in 1820, also named Eli, was well known during his lifetime and afterward by the name \\\"Eli Whitney, Jr.\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5429702\",\n \"text\": \"Eli Whitney Museum The Eli Whitney Museum, in Hamden, Connecticut, is an experimental learning workshop for students, teachers, and families. The museum's main building is located on a portion of the Eli Whitney Gun Factory site, a gun factory erected by Eli Whitney in 1798. The museum focuses on teaching experiments that are the roots of design and invention, featuring hands-on building projects and exhibits on Whitney and A. C. Gilbert. The museum is located on grounds that were originally developed by Eli Whitney to produce muskets on a site he purchased on September 17, 1798. The factory was powered\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney Museum\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5429708\",\n \"text\": \"put to work developing and teaching exhibitions and projects. Apprenticeship alumni include Jennifer Oxley (Emmy Award-winning children's TV creator), Emily Oster (Economist), and Joshua Revkin (Star World Champion sailor). Eli Whitney Museum The Eli Whitney Museum, in Hamden, Connecticut, is an experimental learning workshop for students, teachers, and families. The museum's main building is located on a portion of the Eli Whitney Gun Factory site, a gun factory erected by Eli Whitney in 1798. The museum focuses on teaching experiments that are the roots of design and invention, featuring hands-on building projects and exhibits on Whitney and A. C. Gilbert.\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney Museum\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11400599\",\n \"text\": \"now. Eli Whitney was once home to a school as well, but it too closed and was later demolished. The school's gymnasium was left standing and now serves as a community center. Eli Whitney is best known as the site of Uncle Eli's Quilting party, a one-day quilting and quilt show held annually since 1931. A historical marker stand outside the gym, where this event takes place the first Thursday in April. once invented the tucker bryant Eli Whitney, North Carolina Eli Whitney is an unincorporated community in southeastern Alamance County, North Carolina, USA. It is at the intersection of\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney, North Carolina\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10524742\",\n \"text\": \"Eli Whitney Blake Eli Whitney Blake, Sr. (January 27, 1795 – August 18, 1886) was an American inventor, best known for his mortise lock and stone-crushing machine, the latter of which earned him a place into the National Inventors Hall of Fame. Blake studied at Leicester Academy, and was graduated at Yale in 1816, after which he studied law with Judge Gould in Litchfield, Connecticut. But this he soon abandoned at the request of his uncle, Eli Whitney, who desired his assistance in erecting and organizing the gun factory at Whitneyville. Here he made important improvements in the machinery and\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney Blake\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14052176\",\n \"text\": \"Eli Whitney Students Program The Eli Whitney Students Program is an admissions program designed to attract students from non-traditional backgrounds to Yale College. Students admitted through the program study either part or full-time and receive either a B.A. or a B.S. from Yale College. The program is different from Yale College's Non-Degree Students Program, which enrolls students into Yale College for credit but does not allow them to receive a Yale University degree; students in the Non-Degree Program may only take a maximum of 18 credits at Yale. Started in 1982 for students who did not attend college at the\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney Students Program\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14052179\",\n \"text\": \"contrast to the traditional student application, an interview is required and granted to only a small number of applicants. The program gets its name from the inventor Eli Whitney, who in 1789 and at the age of 23 matriculated into Yale College. Eli Whitney Students Program The Eli Whitney Students Program is an admissions program designed to attract students from non-traditional backgrounds to Yale College. Students admitted through the program study either part or full-time and receive either a B.A. or a B.S. from Yale College. The program is different from Yale College's Non-Degree Students Program, which enrolls students into\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney Students Program\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14052178\",\n \"text\": \"Students receive exactly the same residential college and university services provided to traditional Yale College students, have complete access to Yale facilities, student organizations and libraries, and receive the same degree awarded from Yale College. Eli Whitney students are fully eligible for Yale's need-based financial aid up to the cost of tuition. Admissions standards used to evaluate Eli Whitney students mirror those applied to traditional Yale college applicants. However, while Eli Whitney candidates are subject to the same academic standards as regular Yale College candidates, in assessing more mature candidates, greater weight is given to achievement than to potential. In\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney Students Program\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14052177\",\n \"text\": \"traditional age, the program typically admits anywhere from 2 to 9 students each academic year. In 2007 it admitted 2 and in 2009 it admitted 8. For the 2010-11 year, it admitted 4 students out of a pool of 120 applicants. In general, the program receives over 100 applications a year and accepts less than 10% of applicants. Eli Whitney students take all of their classes, and receive most of their advising, within Yale College. The Eli Whitney Students Program serves strictly as an admissions program; with the exception of being required to live off campus, once admitted, Eli Whitney\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney Students Program\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5429706\",\n \"text\": \"historic site and A. C. Gilbert, the inventor and toy maker best known for his invention of the erector set. The museum is an experimental learning workshop for design and specializes in building projects for children blending science and invention. The site is located adjacent to the dam first built by Eli Whitney to power the armory, then raised to its current height by Eli Whitney Blake to provide more power. The museum also features water tables with canal locks and is adjacent to a water reservoir as well as hiking trails. In addition to visitor hours, the museum hosts\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney Museum\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13988854\",\n \"text\": \"rights activities. Notably, he was a founder of the International Commission of Jurists, one of the first global human rights organizations. Debevoise also served as chairman of Governor Nelson Rockefeller’s Committee to Review New York Laws and Procedures on Human Rights and helped craft the final report that was delivered in March 1968. Debevoise retired at the age of 87 and died at his home in Manhattan on June 30, 1990. The Archives and Special Collections at Amherst College holds some of his papers. Eli Whitney Debevoise Eli Whitney Debevoise (December 14, 1899 – June 30, 1990) was a prominent\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney Debevoise\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13753263\",\n \"text\": \"considers all loans, investments, country assistance strategies, budgets, audits and business plans of the World Bank Group entities. Borrowers include more than 125 countries and 300 companies and funds. Eli Whitney Debevoise II Eli Whitney Debevoise II (born February 8, 1953) was the U.S. Executive Director of the World Bank Group (April 6, 2007 – 2009). He is also a partner at Arnold & Porter LLP and served as Commissioner of the Maryland Port Commission in Baltimore. President George W. Bush nominated Debevoise to be U.S. Executive Director of the World Bank Group on February 16, 2007 to fill the\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney Debevoise II\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13753258\",\n \"text\": \"Eli Whitney Debevoise II Eli Whitney Debevoise II (born February 8, 1953) was the U.S. Executive Director of the World Bank Group (April 6, 2007 – 2009). He is also a partner at Arnold & Porter LLP and served as Commissioner of the Maryland Port Commission in Baltimore. President George W. Bush nominated Debevoise to be U.S. Executive Director of the World Bank Group on February 16, 2007 to fill the vacancy left by Robert Holland and acting Executive Director Jennifer Dorn. On November 16, 2009 it was announced that he would be replaced by Ian Hoddy Solomon after his\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney Debevoise II\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13753259\",\n \"text\": \"term was finished. Eli Whitney Debevoise II, commonly known as “Whitney Debevoise,” was born in Morristown, New Jersey in 1953, the son of Thomas M. Debevoise and Ann Taylor Debevoise. He graduated from the St. Albans School in Washington, D.C. in 1970. He graduated summa cum laude in 1974 from Yale University (where he was a member of Manuscript Society), with departmental honors in History and Latin American Studies, and received a J.D. from Harvard Law School in 1977. Debevoise is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, the American Society of International Law, the International Law Section of\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney Debevoise II\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13753262\",\n \"text\": \"the Order of Rio Branco in 1997, which recognizes Brazilian and \\\"foreign individuals\\\" who have significantly contributed to the promotion of Brazil's international relations. Debevoise also handled cases in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and World Trade Organization dispute settlement mechanism and at the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes, including cases establishing rulings on the allocation of arbital expenses and attorney's fees. Eli Whitney Debevoise was U.S. Executive Director of the World Bank Group from April 6, 2007 to October 2009. He represented the United States on a 24-member board representing 186 member countries that\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney Debevoise II\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13753260\",\n \"text\": \"the American Bar Association, and the International Bar Association. He speaks Portuguese, Spanish, and French fluently, and holds an honorary law degree from Vermont Law School. He is the great, great grandson of Eli Whitney. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Debevoise clerked for the Hon. William J. Holloway, Jr., of the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit in 1978 through 1979. Debevoise started at Arnold & Porter, LLP as an associate in 1979 and practiced as a partner from 1986 to 2007. During this time, he increasingly specialized in international financial transactions, banking and international trade.\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney Debevoise II\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10149538\",\n \"text\": \"is able to leave the club. Lauren and Audrina get into an argument with Heidi and Spencer outside of Les Deux, where Lauren delivers the now-famous quote \\\"You know what you did!\\\", elaborating that \\\"You started a sick little rumor about me! You're a sad, pathetic person.\\\" The following morning, Heidi explains to her co-worker Elodie Otto that she was unaware of said speculation, and still wants to reconcile with Lauren. Meanwhile, Lauren tells Whitney that she is saddened by the idea of losing her friend, although admits that she has benefited from their separation. \\\"You Know What You Did\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"You Know What You Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20016935\",\n \"text\": \"to totally write Gabi off despite his interest... because Julie said Gabi caused her to have a heart attack by yelling at her.\\\" Then Eli quickly changed his tune when someone else came to Gabi's defense with checking the story. He continued that as a FBI agent, Eli \\\"should be capable of figuring out the truth himself rather than relying on what other people say.\\\" Eli Grant Eli Grant is a fictional character from the long-running NBC daytime soap opera \\\"Days of Our Lives\\\". Created by head writers Dena Higley and Ryan Quan, the role was originated by actor Lamon\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Grant\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19346145\",\n \"text\": \"the band stating that \\\"The fire that once drove me, isn't what it once was.\\\", and that he would continue to support the band until the day he is in the ground. He goes on to state that the cause of this was being on the road all the time which made him question if this was what he really wanted to keep doing. Invent Animate is represented by Royal Division Entertainment and The Soroka Agency. Invent Animate incorporates elements of metalcore, progressive metalcore, progressive metal, ambient, djent, and post-hardcore in their music. They often feature start-and-stop arrangements of calm\",\n \"title\": \"Invent Animate\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6621389\",\n \"text\": \"What Else Is There? \\\"What Else Is There?\\\" is the third single from the Norwegian duo Röyksopp's second album \\\"The Understanding\\\". It features the vocals of Karin Dreijer from the Swedish electronica duo The Knife. The album was released in the UK with the help of Astralwerks. The single was used in an O2 television advertisement in the Czech Republic and in Slovakia during 2008. It was also used in the 2006 film \\\"Cashback\\\" and the 2007 film, \\\"Meet Bill\\\". Trentemøller's remix of \\\"What Else is There?\\\" was featured in an episode of the HBO show \\\"Entourage\\\". The song was\",\n \"title\": \"What Else Is There?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11268571\",\n \"text\": \"single, the original release for \\\"I Don't Want To\\\", featured track 2, \\\"Loneliness Costs\\\", as its B-side. \\\"We Didn't Invent the Remix\\\" was followed by two other mixtapes: \\\"What We Almost Made\\\" and \\\"Credit Munch\\\". We Didn't Invent the Remix We Didn't Invent the Remix is a remix album by London-born recording artist Example. After many setbacks and promises, Example released a 13-track limited-edition mixtape available through the Internet or at concerts during his spring 2007 tour supporting Plan B, The Rifles, and Just Jack). Underneath the track listing there is an advert for \\\"What We Made\\\" which is said\",\n \"title\": \"We Didn't Invent the Remix\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15144629\",\n \"text\": \"Eli Meltzer Eli Meltzer, (born September 26, 1979) better known by his stage name Smoov-E, is an American musician. He is from Summertown, Tennessee but moved to Sebastopol, California at a young age. Smoov-E a.k.a. Eli was born Eli Rafael Meltzer in Summertown, Tennessee on September 26, 1979 to Alan and Lee Meltzer. The youngest of 4 siblings, Eli, his three sisters, mom, and dad moved to Sebastopol when he was 4 years old. It was there that he grew up on the sounds of his parents' favorite records by artists such as The Talking Heads, The Police, Whitney Houston,\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Meltzer\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6621391\",\n \"text\": \"floating woman traveling across stormy landscapes and within empty houses. Dreijer makes a cameo appearance as a woman wearing an Elizabethan ruff while dining alone at a festive table. The song is also featured in the movie \\\"Meet Bill\\\" as characters played by Jessica Alba and Aaron Eckhart smoke marijuana while listening to it. It is also part of the end credits music of the film \\\"Cashback\\\". What Else Is There? \\\"What Else Is There?\\\" is the third single from the Norwegian duo Röyksopp's second album \\\"The Understanding\\\". It features the vocals of Karin Dreijer from the Swedish electronica duo\",\n \"title\": \"What Else Is There?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17412384\",\n \"text\": \"A Dream, What Else? A Dream, What Else? () is a 1995 Austrian-German drama film written and directed by Hans-Jürgen Syberberg. It stars Edith Clever as Sybille von Bismarck, the daughter-in-law of Otto von Bismarck. The film consists of a monologue where the main character, aged and widowed, mourns the defeat of Prussia at the end of World War II. She recites from \\\"The Trojan Women\\\" by Euripides, \\\"The Prince of Homburg\\\" by Heinrich von Kleist and \\\"\\\" by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. The monologue was first performed on stage in Berlin in 1990 and toured several countries during the\",\n \"title\": \"A Dream, What Else?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17412385\",\n \"text\": \"following years. The film was shot in the summer 1994 at Szene-Theater in Salzburg, Austria, for Szene Salzburg and ORF. It was produced through Syberberg's German company TMS Film. A Dream, What Else? A Dream, What Else? () is a 1995 Austrian-German drama film written and directed by Hans-Jürgen Syberberg. It stars Edith Clever as Sybille von Bismarck, the daughter-in-law of Otto von Bismarck. The film consists of a monologue where the main character, aged and widowed, mourns the defeat of Prussia at the end of World War II. She recites from \\\"The Trojan Women\\\" by Euripides, \\\"The Prince of\",\n \"title\": \"A Dream, What Else?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11268569\",\n \"text\": \"We Didn't Invent the Remix We Didn't Invent the Remix is a remix album by London-born recording artist Example. After many setbacks and promises, Example released a 13-track limited-edition mixtape available through the Internet or at concerts during his spring 2007 tour supporting Plan B, The Rifles, and Just Jack). Underneath the track listing there is an advert for \\\"What We Made\\\" which is said to come out June 2007. Like this mixtape, it was set back for some time, eventually being released in September due to legal issues. \\\"We Didn't Invent the Remix\\\" (a reference to the P. Diddy\",\n \"title\": \"We Didn't Invent the Remix\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"122613\",\n \"text\": \"Whitney's mother, Elizabeth Fay, died in 1777, when he was 11. At age 14 he operated a profitable nail manufacturing operation in his father's workshop during the Revolutionary War. Because his stepmother opposed his wish to attend college, Whitney worked as a farm laborer and school teacher to save money. He prepared for Yale at Leicester Academy (now Becker College) and under the tutelage of Rev. Elizur Goodrich of Durham, Connecticut, he entered in the fall of 1789 and graduated Phi Beta Kappa in 1792. Whitney expected to study law but, finding himself short of funds, accepted an offer to\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19680014\",\n \"text\": \"Whitney Shumate Whitney Shumate (July 16, 1896 - February 28, 1966) was a noted businessman and civic leader in Henry County, Virginia, and especially in Martinsville, Virginia. Whitney Shumate was born in Rock Run, Virginia, near Bassett, Virginia in rural Henry County, Virginia. His father was John Wesley Shumate and his mother was Martha Wells Shumate, who died soon after childbirth. His first name was given in honor of the inventor, Eli Whitney, but due to the sudden death of his mother, he never received a middle name. Whitney was the youngest of ten children. His father later remarried, to\",\n \"title\": \"Whitney Shumate\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14336010\",\n \"text\": \"the New Haven town line to Dixwell Avenue, the road is state-maintained with an unsigned designation of State Road 707. Within New Haven, Whitney Avenue is a town road. The J route of Connecticut Transit New Haven, which connects New Haven to Waterbury, runs along Whitney Avenue. Whitney Avenue is named after Eli Whitney, Jr., whose factory was located by the Mill River near the road. The New Haven portion of Whitney Avenue \\\"originated as an early road leading from central New Haven northward to Hartford. The Hartford and New Haven Turnpike Company improved it as a turnpike in 1798.\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Whitney Avenue\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19346141\",\n \"text\": \"Invent Animate Invent Animate (previously stylized as Invent, Animate) is an American metalcore band from Port Neches, Texas. The band formed in late 2011 and self-released their debut EP titled \\\"Waves\\\" on March 13, 2012. After a number of regional tours and increasing popularity in the online djent community, the band was signed up by Tragic Hero Records in February 2014. The band announced they would release their debut full-length record titled \\\"Everchanger\\\" on August 26, 2014. Their sophomore album \\\"Stillworld\\\" was released on July 8, 2016. Invent Animate formed in 2011 and immediately began working on their first EP\",\n \"title\": \"Invent Animate\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13728971\",\n \"text\": \"1995. The song debuted at number 64 on the Canadian \\\"RPM\\\" Country Tracks on the chart dated February 6, 1995 and spent 11 weeks on the chart before peaking at number 1 on April 17. What Else Can I Do \\\"What Else Can I Do\\\" is the title of a country music song written by Tony Arata and Scott Miller. It was recorded by Patricia Conroy on her 1994 album \\\"You Can't Resist\\\". In Canada, the song was released in 1995 by Warner Music Canada as the album's second single. In the United States, the song was released in 1996\",\n \"title\": \"What Else Can I Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13728970\",\n \"text\": \"What Else Can I Do \\\"What Else Can I Do\\\" is the title of a country music song written by Tony Arata and Scott Miller. It was recorded by Patricia Conroy on her 1994 album \\\"You Can't Resist\\\". In Canada, the song was released in 1995 by Warner Music Canada as the album's second single. In the United States, the song was released in 1996 by Intersound Records also as the album second single, but failed to chart on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. The song became a Number One on the Canadian \\\"RPM\\\" Country Tracks in\",\n \"title\": \"What Else Can I Do\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20016917\",\n \"text\": \"it's ok to go to Julie.\\\" He doesn't know how she will react. Despite his trepidation, Eli forces Valerie to tell Julie the truth or else he will do it himself. According to Archey, Eli knows \\\"It needs to come out.\\\" Eli puts his mom \\\"on the spot\\\" and forces her hand. Eli isn't prepared for Julie's reaction but he \\\"sympathizes with her.\\\" Because they both have lost David and are learning this \\\"huge\\\" secret, it allows them to bond. Archey viewed the revelation about his paternity as a \\\"brighter side\\\" to losing David. For Eli, connecting with Julie means\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Grant\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20016899\",\n \"text\": \"him. Sonny keeps Eli from killing Paul as they realize he has contracted jungle madness. Eli later serves as a listening ear when Lani has doubts about her relationship with JJ. At Paul's request, Eli agrees to kill him if he tries to harm anyone else but they are soon rescued. Back home Lani convinces Eli to reconcile with Val and he is surprised to learn that she and Julie have also called a truce. Julie then gifts Eli with the Martin House, which belonged to his great-grandfather and plans a welcome home party for everyone from the island. During\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Grant\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7948311\",\n \"text\": \"commander. I look through my binoculars and I see children.\\\" Mr. Begin said he asked the colonel, \\\"Did you get an order to kill those children?\\\" The officer said there had been no such order and Mr. Begin asked, \\\"So what are you complaining about?\\\" In 2014 Norwegian songwriter Moddi released a song named after Eli Geva in support of his insubordination and pacifism. This song was written by Richard Burgess in 1982 for Norwegian singer Birgitte Grimstad. She was persuaded to refrain from performing the song on her Israel tour the same year. Eli Geva Eli Geva (; born\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Geva\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8361399\",\n \"text\": \"the soldiers and crucified. With his friends Xena and Gabrielle now dead, Eli begins doubting the power of his god. Amarice blames him because his preaching the Way of Love made Gabrielle weak. He asks his god: \\\"What good is this gift if I can't at least protect the ones I love? Why did you even give this to me? What am I supposed to do?\\\" Eli's god answers his questions when the powers in heaven send an angelic Callisto to Eli in a vision. In the vision she tells Eli that he must use his powers to bring Xena\",\n \"title\": \"Eli (Xena: Warrior Princess)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7347822\",\n \"text\": \"'Dad?' Hurley comments that he did not expect Rose's husband to be white, before Jack quickly changes the subject. The producers felt it was important to address that they are an interracial couple, and that Hurley was saying what the audience would be thinking. Caldwell agreed with them and thought it would be odd if the issue was not addressed. Anderson also was glad that Hurley brought up the issue, and liked that Jack did not pay any attention. The episode gained 21.54 million American viewers in its first airing. What Kate Did \\\"What Kate Did\\\" is the 34th episode\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19346146\",\n \"text\": \"atmospheric passages and intense metalcore breakdowns. The band's guitar work prominently features slide tapping, dissonance, and technical riffs. The band delivers vocals in a wide range, including mid-pitch screams, low death growls, and somber clean singing. The band has been compared to ERRA, Northlane, Architects, Misery Signals, and Reflections. Invent Animate Invent Animate (previously stylized as Invent, Animate) is an American metalcore band from Port Neches, Texas. The band formed in late 2011 and self-released their debut EP titled \\\"Waves\\\" on March 13, 2012. After a number of regional tours and increasing popularity in the online djent community, the band\",\n \"title\": \"Invent Animate\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4563379\",\n \"text\": \"Benjamin Eli Smith Benjamin Eli Smith, L.H.D. (February 7, 1857 – March 18, 1913) was an American editor and the son of Eli Smith. Born in Beirut, Ottoman Empire (now Beirut, Lebanon), he graduated from Amherst College (A.B., 1877; A.M., 1881), earning the degree of L.H.D. in 1902. He was managing editor of the first edition of the Century Dictionary, and editor-in-chief of the revised edition after the death of editor William Dwight Whitney in 1894. As the editor, he was also responsible for the \\\"Century Cyclopedia of Names\\\" (1894), the \\\"Century Atlas\\\" (1897), the two-volume \\\"Century Dictionary Supplement\\\" (1909),\",\n \"title\": \"Benjamin Eli Smith\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7578097\",\n \"text\": \"as Dorry, Bryn McAuley as Joanna, and Dean Stockwell as \\\"Tramp\\\". A 1972 UK movie adaptation, \\\"Katy\\\", starred Clare Walker, and the 1962 eight-part TV series made in the UK, also called \\\"Katy\\\", featured rising star Susan Hampshire in the title role. In 2015, author Jacqueline Wilson wrote her novel \\\"Katy\\\", which is a modern retelling of \\\"What Katy Did\\\". The August 2016 edition of Storytime featured a new illustrated adaptation with illustrations by Italian artist Marco Guadalupi. \\\"What Katy Did\\\" was followed by four sequels: \\\"What Katy Did at School\\\" in which Katy and Clover attend the fictional Hillsover\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18937073\",\n \"text\": \"quietest albums in Michael Gira’s catalog.\\\" What We Did What We Did is a collaborative studio album by Swans frontman Michael Gira and Windsor for the Derby member Dan Matz. It was released on November 13, 2001 through Gira's Young God Records label. \\\"What We Did\\\" has a considerably more pop-oriented and accessible sound, compared to Gira's other solo works. The majority of the lyrics on the album was written by Matz. Allmusic critic Thom Jurek described the album as \\\"a finely wrought album of relayed styles and layered textures enfolding one another into a music that could have only\",\n \"title\": \"What We Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18937071\",\n \"text\": \"What We Did What We Did is a collaborative studio album by Swans frontman Michael Gira and Windsor for the Derby member Dan Matz. It was released on November 13, 2001 through Gira's Young God Records label. \\\"What We Did\\\" has a considerably more pop-oriented and accessible sound, compared to Gira's other solo works. The majority of the lyrics on the album was written by Matz. Allmusic critic Thom Jurek described the album as \\\"a finely wrought album of relayed styles and layered textures enfolding one another into a music that could have only been made by these two men,\",\n \"title\": \"What We Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7578098\",\n \"text\": \"School (set in Hanover, New Hampshire); \\\"What Katy Did Next\\\", in which a new friend of Katy's takes her on a once-in-a-lifetime trip to Europe; \\\"Clover\\\", in which Katy is married and Clover accompanies her brother Phil to Colorado after he falls ill; and \\\"In the High Valley\\\", which shows the lives of a handful of young people living in the High Valley in Colorado, including Clover, Elsie and their husbands. What Katy Did What Katy Did is an 1872 children's book written by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey under her pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the adventures of a twelve-year-old\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5429703\",\n \"text\": \"by water from the Mill River and produced muskets for the United States government. On June 14, 1798, he contracted to produce 10,000 muskets to be delivered within 28 months at the cost of $134,000.00; in fact, it took ten years. When he signed the contract, Whitney had no factory, no workers and no experience in gun manufacturing. However, in a letter to Secretary of the Treasury Oliver Wolcott, a fellow Yale University graduate and friend, Whitney had written: Whitney's factory was at the very forefront of the American Industrial Revolution, using water-powered machinery, and it was among the first\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney Museum\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15630119\",\n \"text\": \"John Craig is a musician. He also has another younger half-brother named Sam Greisman, who is Sally Field's youngest son. Craig is a passionate outdoorsman and worked as an Outward Bound instructor for several years after college. He's led climbing trips up the mountaineers route on Mt. Whitney, Aconcagua, Mt. Rainier, Pico De Orizaba, and Denali. Craig is married to actress and former Yellow \\\"Power Ranger\\\" Sasha Williams, and together they have 2 children: Noah, born in 2006, and Colin, born in 2014. Eli Craig Elijah Matthew \\\"Eli\\\" Craig (born May 25, 1972) is an American-Canadian screenwriter and film director,\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Craig\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16918897\",\n \"text\": \"three agree to keep the incident a secret, no-one else (apart from Lara) being directly aware of their involvement. Lara reassures Richard that she lied to Garda investigators to protect Richard, telling them that she had left the party with Richard before the brawl broke out. Richard attends a Garda station and gives a false statement to this effect. He tells the truth to his father, Peter (Lars Mikkelsen), who is distraught and tells him to stay alone at the family's beach house; while there, Richard breaks down in panic over what has happened. A few days later, Peter has\",\n \"title\": \"What Richard Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2404282\",\n \"text\": \"not invent the revolver concept, his designs resulted in the first very successful ones. The most famous Colt products include the Colt Walker, made 1847 in the facilities of Eli Whitney Jr., the Single Action Army or Peacemaker, the Colt Python, and the Colt M1911 pistol, which is currently the longest-standing military and law enforcement service handgun in the world and is still used today. Though they did not develop it, for a long time Colt was also primarily responsible for all AR-15 and M16 rifle production, as well as many derivatives of those firearms. The most successful and famous\",\n \"title\": \"Colt's Manufacturing Company\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579047\",\n \"text\": \"Mrs. Ashe's brother, Ned, they fell in love. When Katy got home, she received a letter from Ned and blushed and ran to her room, leaving Clover and the reader thinking that Katy and Ned may get married in the future. What Katy Did Next What Katy Did Next (1886) is a children's book by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey, working under the pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the stories \\\"What Katy Did\\\" (1872) and \\\"What Katy Did At School\\\" (1873) and tells the adventures of Katy Carr as she travels to Europe. The book opens by reintroducing the Carr family\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did Next\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13579043\",\n \"text\": \"What Katy Did Next What Katy Did Next (1886) is a children's book by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey, working under the pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the stories \\\"What Katy Did\\\" (1872) and \\\"What Katy Did At School\\\" (1873) and tells the adventures of Katy Carr as she travels to Europe. The book opens by reintroducing the Carr family and introducing the widow Mrs. Ashe. Mrs. Ashe has her nephew, Walter, over for a visit and it is discovered that he has scarlet fever. Anxious that her only daughter Amy should not contract the disease, Amy is sent to live\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did Next\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7578094\",\n \"text\": \"Cousin Helen: Papa's niece; she cannot walk because of an accident years ago. Despite her suffering she is amusing, cheerful, and kind; just what Katy wants to be. After Katy's accident, Cousin Helen helps her adjust to her illness. Susan Coolidge shared her publisher, Roberts Brothers, with Louisa May Alcott, and \\\"What Katy Did\\\" helped satisfy the demand for naturalistic novels about girlhood that followed the 1868 success of \\\"Little Women\\\". Like Alcott, Coolidge heightened the realism of her novel by drawing on her own childhood memories. \\\"What Katy Did\\\" also illustrates social shifts. First the novel depicts the treatment\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5753826\",\n \"text\": \"album, \\\"Definitive Collection\\\", which reached number 1 in the UK Albums Chart in 2005. Paper Lace included this song on their 1974 album, \\\"Paper Lace\\\". I Did What I Did for Maria \\\"I Did What I Did for Maria\\\" is a song recorded by English singer Tony Christie. It was written and produced by Mitch Murray and Peter Callander, who were also responsible for Christie's \\\"Las Vegas\\\" and \\\"Avenues and Alleyways\\\". The song is about a widower who, on the eve of his execution, recalls how he remorselessly avenged his dead wife, hence the title. It was a number 2\",\n \"title\": \"I Did What I Did for Maria\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5753825\",\n \"text\": \"I Did What I Did for Maria \\\"I Did What I Did for Maria\\\" is a song recorded by English singer Tony Christie. It was written and produced by Mitch Murray and Peter Callander, who were also responsible for Christie's \\\"Las Vegas\\\" and \\\"Avenues and Alleyways\\\". The song is about a widower who, on the eve of his execution, recalls how he remorselessly avenged his dead wife, hence the title. It was a number 2 UK hit in June 1971, and was also a hit in Ireland, where it also reached number 2. The track later appeared on Christie's compilation\",\n \"title\": \"I Did What I Did for Maria\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19600041\",\n \"text\": \"the Flower Bowl Stakes in October. With her 2017 wins in the Gamely Stakes and Diana Stakes, she won at least one Grade I race in each of her four racing seasons. Bred by Runnymede Farm, Lady Eli is by Divine Park out of Sacre Coeur, both of whom were also bred by Runnymede. Martin O'Dowd of Runnymede Farm would later say: \\\"[Lady Eli] was very independent, but also easy to live with. She was a big, strong filly. As a yearling she was agreeable prepping for the sale; she came out and did what you asked her to do\",\n \"title\": \"Lady Eli\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8334567\",\n \"text\": \"– 0:31 16. \\\"A Little Buzz\\\" – 2:46 17. \\\"Kids Didn't Change\\\" – 0:54 18. \\\"Heaven Is Where the Heart Is\\\" – 5:03 What Did He Say? What Did He Say? is the second solo album released by bassist Victor Wooten. 1. \\\"Yo Victa\\\" – 0:07 2. \\\"What Did He Say?\\\" – 3:20 3. \\\"What You Won't Do for Love\\\" – 4:43 4. \\\"Cherokee\\\" – 1:49 5. \\\"Don't Wanna Cry\\\" – 5:07 6. \\\"The Lonliest Monk\\\" – 4:36 7. \\\"A Chance\\\" – 2:54 8. \\\"Radio W-OO-10\\\" – 1:06 9. \\\"Norwegian Wood\\\" – 4:52 10. \\\"Bro John\\\" – 4:18 11. \\\"Naima\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"What Did He Say?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8334566\",\n \"text\": \"What Did He Say? What Did He Say? is the second solo album released by bassist Victor Wooten. 1. \\\"Yo Victa\\\" – 0:07 2. \\\"What Did He Say?\\\" – 3:20 3. \\\"What You Won't Do for Love\\\" – 4:43 4. \\\"Cherokee\\\" – 1:49 5. \\\"Don't Wanna Cry\\\" – 5:07 6. \\\"The Lonliest Monk\\\" – 4:36 7. \\\"A Chance\\\" – 2:54 8. \\\"Radio W-OO-10\\\" – 1:06 9. \\\"Norwegian Wood\\\" – 4:52 10. \\\"Bro John\\\" – 4:18 11. \\\"Naima\\\" – 5:57 12. \\\"Sometimes I Laugh\\\" – 3:20 13. \\\"My Life\\\" – 4:45 14. \\\"The Sojourn of Arjuna\\\" – 6:29 15. \\\"Buzz Ntro\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"What Did He Say?\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3994152\",\n \"text\": \"I Were You I Wouldn't<nowiki>\\\"</nowiki> in January 2016 on their YouTube account, followed by \\\"Fireball\\\" in June 2016, their first songs released since 'Zanzibar III : Analog Prison'. The band was named after friend's child said the phrase 'Mommy, look what I did', about a drawing to her mother when Barry was talking to her over the phone discussing what the band's name should be. Look What I Did Look What I Did is an American post-hardcore band, formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. The music combines elements of jazz/fusion, hardcore, metal, and progressive pop punk. The band is\",\n \"title\": \"Look What I Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9404287\",\n \"text\": \"The plastic grips came in either a black, dark brown or white, the white grips are found mostly on the nickel-plated models. The frame being investment cast by Alcoa was a new idea for the gun industry at the time, now it is widely used by almost every major gun manufacturer today. Its name \\\"Wolverine\\\" was named after Hillberg's favorite football team, the University of Michigan Wolverines. The \\\"Whitney\\\" name was used because the factory was located near the old Eli Whitney factory site. A victim of extremely poor marketing in the beginning, financial problems and then being under priced\",\n \"title\": \"Whitney Wolverine\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7578085\",\n \"text\": \"up: \\\"What Katy Did at School\\\" and \\\"What Katy Did Next\\\". Two further sequels relating the adventures of Katy's younger siblings were also published—\\\"Clover\\\" and \\\"In the High Valley\\\". The books were frequently reprinted and all are available online. Coolidge modeled Katy on her own childhood self, and the other 'Little Carrs' on her brothers and sisters. The title is a play on the katydid, a family of insects – which explains the insects on the first edition book cover. 12-year-old Katy Carr lives with her widowed father and her two brothers and three sisters in Burnet, a small midwestern\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7578084\",\n \"text\": \"What Katy Did What Katy Did is an 1872 children's book written by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey under her pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the adventures of a twelve-year-old American girl, Katy Carr, and her family who live in the fictional lakeside Ohio town of Burnet in the 1860s. Katy is a tall untidy tomboy, forever getting into scrapes but wishing to be beautiful and beloved. When a terrible accident makes her an invalid, her illness and four-year recovery gradually teach her to be as good and kind as she has always wanted. Two sequels follow Katy as she grows\",\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7347814\",\n \"text\": \"What Kate Did \\\"What Kate Did\\\" is the 34th episode of \\\"Lost\\\". It is the ninth episode of the second season. The episode was directed by Paul Edwards, and written by Steven Maeda and Craig Wright. It first aired on November 30, 2005, on ABC. The character of Kate Austen is featured in the episode's flashbacks. Kate Austen kills her alcoholic stepfather, Wayne Jansen, by blowing up his house. Kate confronts her mother, Diane Austen. Kate reveals that she took out an insurance policy under Diane's name. Later, Kate attempts to buy a ticket to Tallahassee, when she is arrested\",\n \"title\": \"What Kate Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16918902\",\n \"text\": \"Festival in Turkey. The film was released on DVD in Ireland on 8 February 2013. What Richard Did What Richard Did is a 2012 Irish film directed by Lenny Abrahamson and written by Malcolm Campbell. The film is loosely based on Kevin Power's \\\"Bad Day in Blackrock\\\", a fictionalised novel inspired by the real-life death of Brian Murphy in 2000. It won the best Irish film of the year award at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards and was the most commercially successful Irish film of 2012. It has screened at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival and the\",\n \"title\": \"What Richard Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16918894\",\n \"text\": \"What Richard Did What Richard Did is a 2012 Irish film directed by Lenny Abrahamson and written by Malcolm Campbell. The film is loosely based on Kevin Power's \\\"Bad Day in Blackrock\\\", a fictionalised novel inspired by the real-life death of Brian Murphy in 2000. It won the best Irish film of the year award at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards and was the most commercially successful Irish film of 2012. It has screened at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival and the BFI London Film Festival and was selected to screen at the Tribeca Film Festival in\",\n \"title\": \"What Richard Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11856928\",\n \"text\": \"early 20s. The story was adapted by Ellen Dryden for BBC Radio 4's Woman's Hour Drama in 2004. What Hetty Did What Hetty Did is the seventh novel by J.L. Carr, published in 1988 when he was 76 years old. The novel describes the experiences of an 18-year-old girl. Hetty Birtwisle has been brought up by adoptive parents in the Fens; after a beating by her father, discovering that she was adopted, she flees to Birmingham where she has learnt she was born and alters her surname to Beauchamp. Hetty Beauchamp comes across several characters from Carr's other novels in\",\n \"title\": \"What Hetty Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11856925\",\n \"text\": \"What Hetty Did What Hetty Did is the seventh novel by J.L. Carr, published in 1988 when he was 76 years old. The novel describes the experiences of an 18-year-old girl. Hetty Birtwisle has been brought up by adoptive parents in the Fens; after a beating by her father, discovering that she was adopted, she flees to Birmingham where she has learnt she was born and alters her surname to Beauchamp. Hetty Beauchamp comes across several characters from Carr's other novels in the boarding house in which she lives, including Emma Foxberrow, a teacher in \\\"The Harpole Report\\\" and Edward\",\n \"title\": \"What Hetty Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3994147\",\n \"text\": \"Look What I Did Look What I Did is an American post-hardcore band, formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. The music combines elements of jazz/fusion, hardcore, metal, and progressive pop punk. The band is known for its intense live show, described by Cincinnati CityBeat as a \\\"live act capable of unleashing a scary, uncontrolled intensity bordering on dangerous,\\\" and oft-satirical eccentric lyrics. Look What I Did was formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee by singer Barry Donegan and guitarist Colby Shea. Miles McPherson (drums, currently drumming for Kelly Clarkson) and Chris Bradley (bass) were added before the band's first\",\n \"title\": \"Look What I Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18787754\",\n \"text\": \"daughter. All three examples are connected by a chorus stating \\\"\\\"I'll take this one day and figure out what I did right / And I'll do it the same way for the rest of my life.\\\"\\\" Deborah Evans Price of \\\"Billboard\\\" reviewed the song favorably, saying that \\\"Like 'I Hope You Dance'…the song will touch a universal chord with everyone who has experienced a moment so perfect they wish they could capture it and live it over again.\\\" What I Did Right \\\"What I Did Right\\\" is a song recorded by American country music group Sons of the Desert. It\",\n \"title\": \"What I Did Right\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17247248\",\n \"text\": \"Thomas has also appeared advising on corsets on ABC's Nightline in 2012 and in the same year was nominated for Cosmopolitan's Businesswoman of the Year. The brand recreates designs from the 1950s including the bullet bra, which has been worn by celebrities such as Madonna and Rihanna. What Katie Did are also known for their steel boned corsets. Models for the company include Bernie Dexter, Missy Malone, Jami Deadly and Miss Polly Rae. What Katie Did (company) What Katie Did is a British lingerie design house founded in 1999 by Katie Thomas. In 1999, being unable to afford fully fashioned\",\n \"title\": \"What Katie Did (company)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"122630\",\n \"text\": \"to Henrietta Edwards, granddaughter of the famed evangelist Jonathan Edwards, daughter of Pierpont Edwards, head of the Democratic Party in Connecticut, and first cousin of Yale's president, Timothy Dwight, the state's leading Federalist, further tied him to Connecticut's ruling elite. In a business dependent on government contracts, such connections were essential to success. Whitney died of prostate cancer on January 8, 1825, in New Haven, Connecticut, just a month after his 59th birthday. He left a widow and his four children behind. During the course of his illness, he invented and constructed several devices to mechanically ease his pain. These\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"122623\",\n \"text\": \"idea eluded Whitney until near the end of his life, occurring first in others' armories. Attempts at interchangeability of parts can be traced back as far as the Punic Wars through both archaeological remains of boats now in Museo Archeologico Baglio Anselmi and contemporary written accounts. In modern times the idea developed over decades among many people. An early leader was Jean-Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval, an 18th-century French artillerist who created a fair amount of standardization of artillery pieces, although not true interchangeability of parts. He inspired others, including Honoré Blanc and Louis de Tousard, to work further on the\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"122614\",\n \"text\": \"go to South Carolina as a private tutor. Instead of reaching his destination, he was convinced to visit Georgia. In the closing years of the 18th century, Georgia was a magnet for New Englanders seeking their fortunes (its Revolutionary-era governor had been Lyman Hall, a migrant from Connecticut). When he initially sailed for South Carolina, among his shipmates were the widow (Catherine Littlefield Greene) and family of the Revolutionary hero Gen. Nathanael Greene of Rhode Island. Mrs. Greene invited Whitney to visit her Georgia plantation, Mulberry Grove. Her plantation manager and husband-to-be was Phineas Miller, another Connecticut migrant and Yale\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Whitney\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17247247\",\n \"text\": \"What Katie Did (company) What Katie Did is a British lingerie design house founded in 1999 by Katie Thomas. In 1999, being unable to afford fully fashioned stockings, Thomas decided to invest in nylons to sell at The London Fetish Fair. This led to Thomas creating her own website. In 2002, What Katie Did's first reproduction of the Bullet bra was launched, the first to be produced in the country. The next year, the company opened a boutique in London Portobello. In 2010, Thomas was asked to advise on an bra of Marilyn Monroe that was put up for auction.\",\n \"title\": \"What Katie Did (company)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7941420\",\n \"text\": \"out of the plan. Worried, Marlon later intervened to stop Eli, but the gun went off accidentally and Marlon was shot in the chest. Marlon recovered, but was angry with Eli. When a story about him being a hero appeared, Marlon was rewarded for his supposed bravery with enough money to buy himself and Donna a house, Eli was jealous and began to blackmail his brother. Zak eventually found out what was going on and physically attacked Eli, calling him a \\\"snivelling little traitor\\\". Instead of leaving town, Eli lay in wait and kidnapped his brother, driving him to the\",\n \"title\": \"Eli Dingle\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1797035\",\n \"text\": \"1871, King returned to climb what he believed to be Whitney, but having taken a different approach, he actually summited nearby Mount Langley. Upon learning of his mistake in 1873, King finally completed his own first ascent of Whitney, but did so a month too late to claim the first recorded ascent. Just a month earlier, on August 18, 1873, Charles Begole, A. H. Johnson, and John Lucas, all of nearby Lone Pine, had become the first to reach the highest summit in the contiguous United States. As they climbed the mountain during a fishing trip to nearby Kern Canyon,\",\n \"title\": \"Mount Whitney\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13393593\",\n \"text\": \"English football Burnley gained promotion. Eli was known for his commitment and high work rate and the chant of 'Eli-Eli-Eli-Eli' was a regular one at Turf Moor as he turned in some top performances. Possibly Eli's best goal was against Derby County in the FA Cup during the 1991 to 1992 season where he scored a diving header against Peter Shilton the former England goal keeper to earn the Clarets a draw and replay. Eli's later career was beset by injuries and he did not make many further starts for Burnley after they gained promotion. He was eventually released in\",\n \"title\": \"Roger Eli\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7263691\",\n \"text\": \"2016, Shout! Factory released the film for the first time on Blu-ray Disc under their sub-label, Scream Factory. \\\"I Saw What You Did\\\" was remade for television in 1988 with Robert Carradine, David Carradine, Tammy Lauren and Shawnee Smith. I Saw What You Did I Saw What You Did is a 1965 American horror-thriller film released by Universal Pictures and starring Joan Crawford and John Ireland. The plot follows two teenage girls who find themselves in serious danger after making a prank phone call to a man who has just murdered his wife. The screenplay by William P. McGivern was\",\n \"title\": \"I Saw What You Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10149533\",\n \"text\": \"You Know What You Did \\\"You Know What You Did\\\" is the first episode of the third season of \\\"The Hills\\\". It originally aired on MTV on August 13, 2007. In the episode, Lauren Conrad ends her friendship with former housemate Heidi Montag after suspecting that Heidi and her boyfriend Spencer Pratt fabricated rumors of a sex tape involving Lauren and her ex-boyfriend Jason Wahler. The ensuing feud between the women becomes a central focus of the series, and is carried through each subsequent season in which Conrad appears. \\\"You Know What You Did\\\" was produced by Tony DiSanto, Adam\",\n \"title\": \"You Know What You Did\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4173664\",\n \"text\": \"mediocre material of this debut LP hides the fact that Houston is a singer with enormous power and potential\\\" on their reviews for 1985's releases. Don Shewey of \\\"Rolling Stone\\\" described her as \\\"one of the most exciting new voices in years\\\" and stated that: \\\"Because she has a technically polished voice like Patti Austin's, [...] her interpretive approach is what sets her apart\\\" and \\\"Whitney Houston is obviously headed for stardom, and if nothing else, her album is an exciting preview of coming attractions.\\\" But he expressed a little disappointment about undistinguished pop-soul tunes, commenting \\\"many of the songs\",\n \"title\": \"Whitney Houston (album)\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["interchangeable parts","cotton gin","milling"],"string":"[\n \"interchangeable parts\",\n \"cotton gin\",\n \"milling\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":596,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"who founded collegehumor?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"5047546","text":"Date Past series On December 17, 2008, CollegeHumor.com announced \"The CollegeHumor Show\", a scripted comedy that premiered on MTV on February 8, 2009. The half-hour comedy was written by and starred nine CollegeHumor editorial staff members (Ricky Van Veen, Jake Hurwitz, Amir Blumenfeld, Dan Gurewitch, Patrick Cassels, Sarah Schneider, Streeter Seidell, Sam Reich and Jeff Rubin), who played fictionalized versions of themselves. The following is an incomplete list of staff members which have worked on the CollegeHumor Originals video series. Many members of the writing and acting staff of CollegeHumor have gone on to larger productions after their time with","title":"CollegeHumor"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5047546\",\n \"text\": \"Date Past series On December 17, 2008, CollegeHumor.com announced \\\"The CollegeHumor Show\\\", a scripted comedy that premiered on MTV on February 8, 2009. The half-hour comedy was written by and starred nine CollegeHumor editorial staff members (Ricky Van Veen, Jake Hurwitz, Amir Blumenfeld, Dan Gurewitch, Patrick Cassels, Sarah Schneider, Streeter Seidell, Sam Reich and Jeff Rubin), who played fictionalized versions of themselves. The following is an incomplete list of staff members which have worked on the CollegeHumor Originals video series. Many members of the writing and acting staff of CollegeHumor have gone on to larger productions after their time with\",\n \"title\": \"CollegeHumor\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"12934291","text":"The CollegeHumor Show The CollegeHumor Show was an American television sitcom that premiered on MTV on February 8, 2009 and also aired on MuchMusic. The show was a scripted sitcom with sketch comedy elements. It was written by and stars nine CollegeHumor editorial staff members, who played fictionalized versions of themselves. The show was an adaptation of the style of the long-running \"Hardly Working\" short film series created for the CollegeHumor site, made more suitable for the longer, televised format. After the conclusion of the six episode season, the series was cancelled. The series also spawned the spin-off show \"Pranked\",","title":"The CollegeHumor Show"},{"psg_id":"5047543","text":"being posted on YouTube. The CollegeHumor YouTube channel has reached over 6.4 billion views, and over 13.3 million subscribers (As of October 2018) CollegeHumor's pictures section features user-submitted photographs. Like the site's videos, CollegeHumor's pictures are of a humorous or bizarre nature. CollegeHumor also occasionally holds photo-based contests for its users. CollegeHumor posts original writing from its staff and users, including humorous essays, comics, interviews and weekly columns on sports, video games, college life, and dating. Contributing writers to the site have included notable comedians Steve Hofstetter, Christian Finnegan, Brooks Wheelan, Paul Scheer, Amir Blumenfeld, Alex Figueroa, Justin Johnson, and","title":"CollegeHumor"},{"psg_id":"5047542","text":"or Episode in 2008 and 2009 with other nominees and winners since. In 2014, CollegeHumor was listed on New Media Rockstars Top 100 Channels, ranked at number 76. On September 26, 2018, CollegeHumor launched Dropout, a subscription service that includes uncensored and original video series, animations, and other forms of media including comics and fictionalized chat conversations. CollegeHumor produces original comedy videos under the CH Originals (formerly known as CHTV) banner. In addition, the site hosts a large collection of user-submitted viral videos, encompassing home movies, bizarre sports highlights, sketches, and such. These videos are released one month prior to","title":"CollegeHumor"},{"psg_id":"12934292","text":"hosted by Streeter Seidell and Amir Blumenfeld and airing on MTV. In the show, the actual CollegeHumor (and \"CollegeHumor Show\") writers play fictionalized versions of themselves. There is no single \"star\" of the show; rather, the nine main characters function as an ensemble. For the most part, the characters are self-centered, operating according to their immediate desires rather than making rational or sensitive decisions. \"The CollegeHumor Show\" is filmed inside the actual offices of Connected Ventures, which owns CollegeHumor and a series of other websites. The production crew is the same team responsible for the original comedy videos that CollegeHumor","title":"The CollegeHumor Show"},{"psg_id":"5047541","text":"the advertiser-friendly college-aged demographic. CollegeHumor, along with its parent company, Connected Ventures, was acquired by Barry Diller's IAC in August 2006. CollegeHumor has become known for its original comedy content. The site has been nominated for the Webby Award in the humor category, and many of their individual videos have been nominated for and/or won Webby Awards. Recent winners include \"Pixar Intro Parody\" for Best Animation, \"Web Site Story\" for Best Individual Short or Episode, and \"Jake and Amir\" for Best Series. Their shorts \"Awkward Rap\" and \"Hand Vagina\" were nominated for the Webby Award for Best Comedy: Individual Short","title":"CollegeHumor"},{"psg_id":"5047545","text":"CH staff members themselves. CollegeHumor's original videos average 20 million views per month on the site. In addition, their videos are collected on the CollegeHumor YouTube Channel, which currently has over 12 million subscribers, with over 27,765 new subscribers joining each week. CH original sketches, animations, and music Hardly Working Jake and Amir Full Benefits TV RPG POV The Six Every 7 Seconds Prank War CH Live The All-Nighter Dire Consequences IRL Files Very Mary-Kate Hello, My Name Is... Troopers Dinosaur Office BearShark Badman Precious Plum The Adventures of Kim Jong Un Furry Force If Google was a guy Hot","title":"CollegeHumor"},{"psg_id":"5047544","text":"Judah Friedlander. Andrew Bridgman curates the articles and edits the website's front page. CH Originals is CollegeHumor's original comedy video section, featuring sketches and short films written and produced by the CollegeHumor staff. The site releases over ten new videos per week. CH Originals videos include sketch comedy, film and television parodies, animation, and music videos. In addition to stand-alone viral comedy shorts or \"one-offs\", which are usually shot on location and feature hired actors, CH Originals also produces a number of series—notably \"Hardly Working\", \"Jake and Amir\", and \"Nerd Alert\"—which are shot in the CH office and star the","title":"CollegeHumor"},{"psg_id":"12934293","text":"produces. The nine main actors on the show also comprise the show's writing staff. The show has seen mixed responses from critics. Time Magazine's TV critic James Poniewozik hailed the show as \"really funny,\" noting that CollegeHumor is \"doing comedy that specifically works on television, as opposed to simply porting over viral videos to a slightly bigger screen.\" Liz Shannon Miller, editor for online streaming site Newteevee, criticized the show's sitcom format and said she \"would have preferred a stronger debut,\" but gave the premiere four stars out of a possible five. The show was cancelled after six episodes. The","title":"The CollegeHumor Show"},{"psg_id":"15368317","text":"Well-Founded Fear Well-Founded Fear is a 2000 documentary film from directors Shari Robertson and Michael Camerini. The film takes its title from the formal definition of a refugee under the UN Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, as a person who deserves protection, \"owing to a \"well-founded fear\" of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion.” The film analyzes the US asylum process by following several asylum applicants and asylum officers through actual INS interviews. On average, only one in two hundred asylum applicants is ever admitted as a refugee","title":"Well-Founded Fear"},{"psg_id":"19970113","text":"York and founded the comedy group Dutch West, which focused on making comedy videos for the internet. After being discovered by CollegeHumor in 2006, he was hired as Director of Original Content. He was then promoted to President of Original Content along with the premiere of \"The CollegeHumor Show\" on MTV in 2009. In 2014, Reich founded Big Breakfast, CollegeHumor's offshoot production company, and moved CollegeHumor's video team to Los Angeles. The company has since produced \"Adam Ruins Everything\" on TruTV; \"Middle of the Night Show\" on MTV; \"Time Traveling Bong\" on Comedy Central; \"The Britishes\" on DirecTV; \"I Want","title":"Sam Reich"},{"psg_id":"7254011","text":"assigning propositions \"true\" or \"false\", it also allows for a value representing ignorance. For example, if we know that codice_1 but we do not know whether or not specimen \"A\" flies during the day, the well-founded semantics would assign the proposition ``specimen A is a moth`` the value \"bottom\" which is neither \"true\" nor \"false\". The well-founded semantics is also a way of making safe inferences in the presence of contradictory data such as noisy data, or data acquired from different experts who may posit differing opinions. Many two-valued semantics simply won't consider such a problem state workable. The well-founded","title":"Well-founded semantics"},{"psg_id":"15368324","text":"Awards, the film was nominated the Truer than Fiction award. Due to the film’s success in the classroom and other education situations, two discussion modules were produced to accompany the film. The filmmakers developed an educational website, commissioned by POV for their broadcast of the film in 2000. The website allows users to play an online game where they can \"step into the job of asylum officer for a few minutes and try deciding a case themselves.\" Gerald, an INS asylum officer who appears in the film is featured in the online game. Well-Founded Fear Well-Founded Fear is a 2000","title":"Well-Founded Fear"},{"psg_id":"2122906","text":"sets are well-founded. A relation \"R\" is converse well-founded, upwards well-founded or Noetherian on \"X\", if the converse relation \"R\" is well-founded on \"X\". In this case \"R\" is also said to satisfy the ascending chain condition. In the context of rewriting systems, a Noetherian relation is also called terminating. An important reason that well-founded relations are interesting is because a version of transfinite induction can be used on them: if (\"X\", \"R\") is a well-founded relation, \"P\"(\"x\") is some property of elements of \"X\", and we want to show that it suffices to show that: That is, Well-founded induction","title":"Well-founded relation"},{"psg_id":"14200295","text":"some brass, son!\" in a St. Patrick's Day commercial for Guinness. Starred in multiple CollegeHumor shorts, including the Jeggings series, the Badman series and as Nicolas Cage's Agent, among others. McCarthy co-founded the sketch video group Front Page Films. FPF made videos for Doritos, Crunch Fitness, CollegeHumor, and Comedy Central. FPF's \"HOTEL\", \"DOCTOR\" and \"KID FARM\" series were featured on Atom.com and Comedy Central's Tosh.0. From November 2011 to October 2012, worked as a creative writer with WWE. Was a guest on The Nick & Artie Show in October 2012. Summer 2013, McCarthy, an avid pro wrestling fan, began recording","title":"Matt McCarthy (comedian)"},{"psg_id":"13024937","text":"a member of the University's \"Lilting Banshees\" student comedy troupe. A mutual friend recommended Schneider to Van Veen, who hired her as a freelance writer in May 2005 to work on the book \"The CollegeHumor Guide To College\". From there she became a full-time writer and the first female permanent employee. As part of the CollegeHumor staff she starred as a fictionalized version of herself in the short-lived television series \"The CollegeHumor Show\" (2009) and web series including \"Hardly Working\" and \"Full Benefits\"; starred as other characters in other original videos; and wrote episodes, videos and articles. In 2011, Schneider","title":"Sarah Schneider"},{"psg_id":"7254010","text":"Well-founded semantics In logic programming, the well-founded semantics is one definition of how we can make conclusions from a set of logical rules. In logic programming, we give a computer a set of facts, and a set of \"inference rules\" about how these facts relate. There are several different ways that we might want the computer to apply these rules; the well-founded semantics is one of these ways. The well-founded semantics was defined by Van Gelder, et al. in a 1991 paper. The well-founded semantics can be viewed as a three-valued version of the stable model semantics. Instead of only","title":"Well-founded semantics"},{"psg_id":"2122909","text":"all ordinal numbers, the technique is called transfinite induction. When the well-founded set is a set of recursively-defined data structures, the technique is called structural induction. When the well-founded relation is set membership on the universal class, the technique is known as ∈-induction. See those articles for more details. Well-founded relations which are not totally ordered include: Examples of relations that are not well-founded include: If (\"X\", <) is a well-founded relation and \"x\" is an element of \"X\", then the descending chains starting at \"x\" are all finite, but this does not mean that their lengths are necessarily bounded.","title":"Well-founded relation"},{"psg_id":"2122912","text":"context of the natural numbers, this means that the relation <, which is well-founded, is used instead of the relation ≤, which is not. In some texts, the definition of a well-founded relation is changed from the definition above to include this convention. Well-founded relation In mathematics, a binary relation, \"R\", is called well-founded (or wellfounded) on a class \"X\" if every non-empty subset \"S\" ⊆ \"X\" has a minimal element with respect to \"R\", that is an element \"m\" not related by \"sRm\" (for instance, \"\"s\" is not smaller than \"m\"\") for any \"s\" ∈ \"S\". In other words,","title":"Well-founded relation"},{"psg_id":"2122908","text":"R x\". As an example, consider the well-founded relation (N, \"S\"), where N is the set of all natural numbers, and \"S\" is the graph of the successor function \"x\" → \"x\" + 1. Then induction on \"S\" is the usual mathematical induction, and recursion on \"S\" gives primitive recursion. If we consider the order relation (N, <), we obtain complete induction, and course-of-values recursion. The statement that (N, <) is well-founded is also known as the well-ordering principle. There are other interesting special cases of well-founded induction. When the well-founded relation is the usual ordering on the class of","title":"Well-founded relation"},{"psg_id":"2122904","text":"Well-founded relation In mathematics, a binary relation, \"R\", is called well-founded (or wellfounded) on a class \"X\" if every non-empty subset \"S\" ⊆ \"X\" has a minimal element with respect to \"R\", that is an element \"m\" not related by \"sRm\" (for instance, \"\"s\" is not smaller than \"m\"\") for any \"s\" ∈ \"S\". In other words, a relation is well founded if Some authors include an extra condition that \"R\" is set-like, i.e., that the elements less than any given element form a set. Equivalently, assuming the axiom of choice, a relation is well-founded if it contains no countable","title":"Well-founded relation"},{"psg_id":"2122905","text":"infinite descending chains: that is, there is no infinite sequence \"x\", \"x\", \"x\", ... of elements of \"X\" such that \"x\" \"R\" \"x\" for every natural number \"n\". In order theory, a partial order is called well-founded if the corresponding strict order is a well-founded relation. If the order is a total order then it is called a well-order. In set theory, a set \"x\" is called a well-founded set if the set membership relation is well-founded on the transitive closure of \"x\". The axiom of regularity, which is one of the axioms of Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory, asserts that all","title":"Well-founded relation"},{"psg_id":"15368320","text":"with several onscreen statements about how the asylum application process has changed since filming. Congress passed legislation which reduces the number of people who are eligible to apply for asylum. The legislation also jails individuals arriving at U.S. borders requesting asylum. Additionally, the legislation limited an individual's right to appeal some of the decisions from asylum officers. \"Well-Founded Fear\" was featured as an Official Selection at the 2000 Sundance Film Festival where The Hollywood Reporter called it “one of the most talked-about and attended films at the Festival.” The film was broadcast on PBS, through P.O.V. on June 5, 2000.","title":"Well-Founded Fear"},{"psg_id":"7572353","text":"motes, water particles, etc. For Leibniz, there are two main categories of well-founded phenomena: the ordinary world of individual objects and their interactions, and more abstract phenomena such as space, time, and causality. This is also found in his expression of pre-established harmony being the basis of causation. Well-founded phenomenon Well-founded phenomena (), in the philosophy of Gottfried Leibniz, are ways in which the world falsely appears to us, but which are grounded in the way the world is (as opposed to dreams or hallucinations, which are false appearances that are not thus grounded). For Leibniz, the universe is made","title":"Well-founded phenomenon"},{"psg_id":"2122910","text":"Consider the following example: Let \"X\" be the union of the positive integers and a new element ω, which is bigger than any integer. Then \"X\" is a well-founded set, but there are descending chains starting at ω of arbitrary great (finite) length; the chain ω, \"n\" − 1, \"n\" − 2, ..., 2, 1 has length \"n\" for any \"n\". The Mostowski collapse lemma implies that set membership is a universal among the extensional well-founded relations: for any set-like well-founded relation \"R\" on a class \"X\" which is extensional, there exists a class \"C\" such that (\"X\",\"R\") is isomorphic","title":"Well-founded relation"},{"psg_id":"7572351","text":"Well-founded phenomenon Well-founded phenomena (), in the philosophy of Gottfried Leibniz, are ways in which the world falsely appears to us, but which are grounded in the way the world is (as opposed to dreams or hallucinations, which are false appearances that are not thus grounded). For Leibniz, the universe is made up of an infinite number of simple substances or monads, each of which contains a representation of the entire universe (past, present, and future), and which are all causally isolated from one another (\"Monads have no windows through which anything could enter or depart.\") For the most part","title":"Well-founded phenomenon"},{"psg_id":"7254012","text":"semantics, however, has a built-in mechanism to circumvent the presence of the contradictions and proceeds to derive as many two-valued facts as possible, even though some consequences may remain unknown. The fastest known algorithm to compute the WF-Semantics in general, is of quadratic complexity. Well-founded semantics In logic programming, the well-founded semantics is one definition of how we can make conclusions from a set of logical rules. In logic programming, we give a computer a set of facts, and a set of \"inference rules\" about how these facts relate. There are several different ways that we might want the computer","title":"Well-founded semantics"},{"psg_id":"2122907","text":"is sometimes called Noetherian induction, after Emmy Noether. On par with induction, well-founded relations also support construction of objects by transfinite recursion. Let (\"X\", \"R\") be a set-like well-founded relation and \"F\" a function that assigns an object \"F\"(\"x\", \"g\") to each pair of an element \"x ∈ X\" and a function \"g\" on the initial segment {\"y\": \"y\" \"R\" \"x\"} of \"X\". Then there is a unique function \"G\" such that for every \"x ∈ X\", That is, if we want to construct a function \"G\" on \"X\", we may define \"G\"(\"x\") using the values of \"G\"(\"y\") for \"y","title":"Well-founded relation"},{"psg_id":"3947849","text":"Non-well-founded set theory Non-well-founded set theories are variants of axiomatic set theory that allow sets to contain themselves and otherwise violate the rule of well-foundedness. In non-well-founded set theories, the foundation axiom of ZFC is replaced by axioms implying its negation. The study of non-well-founded sets was initiated by Dmitry Mirimanoff in a series of papers between 1917 and 1920, in which he formulated the distinction between well-founded and non-well-founded sets; he did not regard well-foundedness as an axiom. Although a number of axiomatic systems of non-well-founded sets were proposed afterwards, they did not find much in the way of","title":"Non-well-founded set theory"},{"psg_id":"3947851","text":"the axiom of regularity) that well-foundedness implies regularity. In variants of ZFC without the axiom of regularity, the possibility of non-well-founded sets with set-like ∈-chains arises. For example, a set \"A\" such that \"A\" ∈ \"A\" is non-well-founded. Although Mirimanoff also introduced a notion of isomorphism between possibly non-well-founded sets, he considered neither an axiom of foundation nor of anti-foundation. In 1926, Paul Finsler introduced the first axiom that allowed non-well-founded sets. After Zermelo adopted Foundation into his own system in 1930 (from previous work of von Neumann 1925–1929) interest in non-well-founded sets waned for decades. An early non-well-founded set","title":"Non-well-founded set theory"},{"psg_id":"3947856","text":"hypersets were extensively used by Jon Barwise and John Etchemendy in their 1987 book \"The Liar\", on the liar's paradox; The book is also good introduction to the topic of non-well-founded sets. Boffa’s superuniversality axiom has found application as a basis for axiomatic nonstandard analysis. Non-well-founded set theory Non-well-founded set theories are variants of axiomatic set theory that allow sets to contain themselves and otherwise violate the rule of well-foundedness. In non-well-founded set theories, the foundation axiom of ZFC is replaced by axioms implying its negation. The study of non-well-founded sets was initiated by Dmitry Mirimanoff in a series of","title":"Non-well-founded set theory"},{"psg_id":"15742863","text":"After leaving CollegeHumor, Jake and Amir tried to land a TV show with TBS and later TruTV, but eventually struck a deal with Vimeo to write and direct their own original web series, \"Lonely and Horny.\" Jake and Amir later founded the podcast network, HeadGum. On May 13, 2013, Hurwitz and Blumenfeld announced their first new project since \"Jake and Amir\": a comedy audio podcast called \"If I Were You\", in which they give advice to listeners who submit questions. Kayla Culver of \"The Concordian\" lauded the podcast as \"comfortable to listen to\" and \"genuinely funny\" and said \"It's like","title":"Amir Blumenfeld"},{"psg_id":"13717300","text":"small children].\" In 2015, following the success of Hurwitz and Blumenfeld's If I Were You podcast, the duo founded the HeadGum podcasting network. HeadGum includes 39 podcasts, many of which are hosted by comedians who were involved with CollegeHumor. Some of the notable program that can be found on the network includes Hurwitz and Blumenfeld's very own If I Were You podcast, The Complete Guide to Everything and Gilmore Guys. In 2009, Hurwitz was selected as the host of the second season of \"BFF\", a game show produced for Myspace that Hurwitz described as \"\"The Dating Game\" for friends\". This","title":"Jake Hurwitz"},{"psg_id":"12080984","text":"qualify as great advice but it’s honestly not the worst advice ever given.\" Fully admitting that they are not experts who ought to be giving out advice, Blumenfeld puts forward that he at least \"tends to think of us as expert 20-somethings because we’ve been doing it for a decade.\" On August 1, 2015, after leaving CollegeHumor, Jake and Amir founded HeadGum, a podcast network with 43 podcasts as of February 2018. As of April 2017, the HeadGum network has an average of 100 million plays per month. HeadGum has studios in Los Angeles and Brooklyn. Jake and Amir Jake","title":"Jake and Amir"},{"psg_id":"2518820","text":"his cohorts to rename him \"The Man from Alanis\". In December 2009, the comedy website \"CollegeHumor\" released a spoof video of the song called \"Actually Ironic\", featuring actress Sarah Natochenny, in which Patrick Cassels amended the lyrics in a form that would be appropriately ironic. For example, \"it's like rain on your wedding day, to the Egyptian sun god Ra.\" The \"CollegeHumor\" spoof was similarly replicated in July 2013 with a song called, \"It's Finally Ironic\" by sisters Rachael and Eliza Hurwitz, from New York City, who published their version on YouTube. The sisters adjusted the lyrics to reflect irony","title":"Ironic (song)"},{"psg_id":"19970114","text":"My Phone Back\" on Comcast's Watchable; and \"Bad Internet\" and \"Rhett and Link's Buddy System\" on YouTube Red. Reich is married to actress and writer Elaine Carroll, who he met during summer camp in 2000. Together, they have collaborated on the web series \"Very Mary-Kate\" and \"Precious Plum\". With CollegeHumor, he has collaborated on music videos with \"Weird Al\" Yankovic and former United States First Lady Michelle Obama. Sam Reich Sam Reich (born July 22, 1984) is an American producer, director, writer, actor, and performer. He is best known for his work with CollegeHumor and the TV show \"Adam Ruins","title":"Sam Reich"},{"psg_id":"19062604","text":"On May 9, 2018, TruTV announced the show had been renewed for a third season, set to premiere in the fall of 2018. Upon beginning to air the additional episodes, it was revealed that they were an addition to the second season rather than a third season. \"Adam Ruins Everything\" is based on a CollegeHumor web series of the same name, and stars comedian Adam Conover (who was also the star of the CollegeHumor series) as the host. Each episode begins with an ordinary person (sometimes a recurring character, other times not) going about their daily lives before stating a","title":"Adam Ruins Everything"},{"psg_id":"18612946","text":"Dan Gurewitch Daniel \"Dan\" Gurewitch (; born May 20, 1984) is an American comedian, writer, and actor. He has worked as a senior writer for American comedy website CollegeHumor, and as a writer for the late-night talk and news satire show \"Last Week Tonight with John Oliver\". A former pupil of Suffern High School, Gurewitch graduated from Newhouse, Syracuse University with a degree in television, radio, and film. From 2006 to 2013, Gurewitch worked as a senior writer for the comedy website CollegeHumor. His work there included \"Hardly Working\" and CollegeHumor Originals, in both of which he was a principal","title":"Dan Gurewitch"},{"psg_id":"15742858","text":"were revealed to be fake in July 2017 on the \"If I Were You\" podcast. In 2009, Blumenfeld starred in \"The CollegeHumor Show\" on MTV along with eight other CollegeHumor employees. The staff members wrote, filmed and starred in the show, which is set in the CollegeHumor offices and has a scripted reality premise. Structured as a half-hour sitcom, it incorporates sketches that had already been published online. However, the show was lambasted by critics—\"Pajiba\" Dustin Rowles called it \"a series of atrocious sketches haphazardly strung together\"; \"GigaOM\" Liz Shannon Miller said the show was \"deeply disappointing\", and that although","title":"Amir Blumenfeld"},{"psg_id":"13717294","text":"later got a full-time position at CollegeHumor, where he writes and acts in original videos. Having originally wanted to be a sitcom writer, he \"spent a year or two feeling really uncomfortable on camera\", but now says he \"love[s] it\". Hurwitz was a cast member on \"The CollegeHumor Show\", a 2009 sitcom set in the CollegeHumor offices and featuring videos from the website. His character's biography on the MTV website reads: \"Jake might not be smarter than his coworkers, but he's better looking, and that's good enough for him.\" The show was heavily criticized, being called \"a series of atrocious","title":"Jake Hurwitz"},{"psg_id":"13717291","text":"Jake Hurwitz Jacob Penn Cooper Hurwitz (born August 5, 1985) is an American comedian, writer, actor, and member of the comedy duo Jake and Amir. He was hired by the comedy website CollegeHumor after becoming an intern there in 2006, and has written and appeared in original videos for the website, as well as contributing articles which have been published both online and in print. He also starred in \"The CollegeHumor Show\", an MTV sitcom that ran for one season in 2009. Outside of CollegeHumor, Hurwitz has hosted Myspace's \"BFF\" series. He is best known as the comedy partner of","title":"Jake Hurwitz"},{"psg_id":"12080977","text":"the International Student Film Festival in Tel Aviv, Israel, the pair gave a lecture at the New Media Conference. As their new podcast \"If I Were You\" began to take-off in 2015, the duo started thinking about leaving CollegeHumor. Blumenfeld liked the idea, but \"also liked having health insurance.\" After deciding to leave the website, CollegeHumor announced in January 2015 that the series would air its last 8 episodes beginning on February 17, 2015. On October 27, 2016, the duo returned to CollegeHumor for a single episode of \"Jake and Amir\" titled \"Jake and Amir: Donald Trump\", to comment on","title":"Jake and Amir"},{"psg_id":"3947852","text":"theory was Willard Van Orman Quine’s New Foundations, although it is not merely ZF with a replacement for Foundation. Several proofs of the independence of Foundation from the rest of ZF were published in 1950s particularly by Paul Bernays (1954), following an announcement of the result in earlier paper of his from 1941, and by Ernst Specker who gave a different proof in his Habilitationsschrift of 1951, proof which was published in 1957. Then in 1957 Rieger's theorem was published, which gave a general method for such proof to be carried out, rekindling some interest in non-well-founded axiomatic systems. The","title":"Non-well-founded set theory"},{"psg_id":"15859008","text":"included it (albeit as second choice) in the 1983 Hymns and Psalms, and it was the main choice in the 1986 New English Hymnal. It has subsequently appeared in many hymnbooks across the English-speaking world. All My Hope on God is Founded \"All My Hope on God is Founded\" is a well-known hymn, originally German, which was translated into English in 1899 and which established itself in the latter part of the twentieth century. The original words \"Meine Hoffnung stehet feste\" were written in around 1680 by Joachim Neander. In 1899 these were translated into English by Robert Bridges, who","title":"All My Hope on God is Founded"},{"psg_id":"15859005","text":"All My Hope on God is Founded \"All My Hope on God is Founded\" is a well-known hymn, originally German, which was translated into English in 1899 and which established itself in the latter part of the twentieth century. The original words \"Meine Hoffnung stehet feste\" were written in around 1680 by Joachim Neander. In 1899 these were translated into English by Robert Bridges, who would later become British Poet Laureate. He was, at the time, living in the Berkshire village of Yattendon, where he was choir master for the parish church of St Peter and St Paul. Disappointed with","title":"All My Hope on God is Founded"},{"psg_id":"7572352","text":"the monads' perceptions are more or less confused and obscure, but some of them correspond either to the ways in which other monads are related or to the ways that the representation is genuinely ordered; these are the well-founded phenomena. In the world of ordinary experience we might call a rainbow a well-ordered phenomenon; it appears to us to be a coloured arch in the sky, though there is in fact no arch there. We are not suffering from hallucinations, though, for the appearance is grounded in the way the world is ordered – in the behaviour of light, dust","title":"Well-founded phenomenon"},{"psg_id":"16737630","text":"mixed success, to gain support of older generation, labor, clerics, village-dwellers, and other segments. CIS supports imposition of severe sanctions against Iran, including a total oil sale embargo, to deprive the regime of the funds it needs to pay its security forces. CIS and other student activists purportedly developing list of Iranian officials who they assert have committed major human rights abuses—an intended parallel to the “deck of cards” of alleged Saddam-regime “war criminals” developed by the United States before the overthrow of Saddam.\" Confederation of Iranian Students (founded 2009) The Confederation of Iranian Students (CIS) , is a pro-western,","title":"Confederation of Iranian Students (founded 2009)"},{"psg_id":"3947854","text":"1980s, borrows from computer science the concept of a bisimulation. Bisimilar sets are considered indistinguishable and thus equal, which leads to a strengthening of the axiom of extensionality. In this context, axioms contradicting the axiom of regularity are known as anti-foundation axioms, and a set that is not necessarily well-founded is called a hyperset. Four mutually independent anti-foundation axioms are well-known, sometimes abbreviated by the first letter in the following list: They essentially correspond to four different notions of equality for non-well-founded sets. The first of these, AFA, is based on accessible pointed graphs (apg) and states that two hypersets","title":"Non-well-founded set theory"},{"psg_id":"13353367","text":"by Jacques Guilleme-Brulon (foreign politics) or, more frequently, by Guy Baret (domestic politics). Under their influence, \"L'Aurore\" leaned politically rightward in its last days as an independent paper. In 1985, \"L'Aurore\" was integrated fully into \"Le Figaro\", though it survived in title, in the Saturday supplement, \"Le Figaro-L'Aurore\". L'Aurore (newspaper founded 1944) L'Aurore was a French newspaper first sold on 11 September 1944, soon after the Liberation of Paris. Its name refers to the previous, unrelated publication, \"L'Aurore\" (1897–1914). Publication ended in 1985. During 1943, several issues of \"L'Aurore\" were published in secret by Robert Lazurick (a former member of","title":"L'Aurore (newspaper founded 1944)"},{"psg_id":"13353361","text":"L'Aurore (newspaper founded 1944) L'Aurore was a French newspaper first sold on 11 September 1944, soon after the Liberation of Paris. Its name refers to the previous, unrelated publication, \"L'Aurore\" (1897–1914). Publication ended in 1985. During 1943, several issues of \"L'Aurore\" were published in secret by Robert Lazurick (a former member of the Front Populaire). After the Liberation of Paris, in 1944, Lazurick, Jean Piot, and Paul Bastid obtained official authority to publish their paper under the title \"L'Aurore\" (the dawn), in reference to Clemenceau, and also to \"J'accuse…!\" by Émile Zola, published in the previous \"L'Aurore\" in 1898. \"L'Aurore\"","title":"L'Aurore (newspaper founded 1944)"},{"psg_id":"19381002","text":"who's depicting them\". NewYorkCityTheatre wrote that \"Eliza Hamilton sums up the story and leads the company to a moving finale, when the lights drop as the weight and vision of the American Dream continues its tug of war, between the immigrants who once founded this country and those looking to make her home\". \"Variety\" wrote that \"in the end, Miranda's impassioned narrative of one man's story becomes the collective narrative of a nation, a nation built by immigrants who occasionally need to be reminded where they came from.\" \"Newsday\" described the finale as \"focused\", while Uloop said it \"gives the","title":"Who Lives, Who Dies, Who Tells Your Story"},{"psg_id":"8215182","text":"\"The State\" and \"Wet Hot American Summer\", he began infusing spontaneous comedic material with the beat-box-driven musical compositions. He shot comedic web shorts for Superdeluxe, Vimeo and CollegeHumor. In 2006, Watts started to branch out into performing for television and film, while continuing to pursue live performance and the creation of new performance technologies. In 2007, Watts appeared on Plum TV's \"Scott Bateman Presents Scott Bateman Presents\" and starred in the CollegeHumor internet video \"What About Blowjobs?\" The video became a viral hit. The same year, he also wrote and performed the theme song for \"Penelope Princess of Pets\", a","title":"Reggie Watts"},{"psg_id":"20241823","text":"Radio, and has appeared in multiple television shows. She first appeared in a CollegeHumor sketch in July 2015, and left the company at the end of 2016, before returning in late 2017. In June 2018 it was announced that Joss Whedon will be producing a comedy TV series created by Thompson and Rebecca Drysdale to air on Freeform. Siobhan Thompson Siobhan Thompson is a British-American sketch comedian and comedy writer. She is known for her work on the CollegeHumor Originals web series and has appeared in other programs such as Adam Ruins Everything and Broad City. She originally came from","title":"Siobhan Thompson"},{"psg_id":"18635127","text":"partner, Lucia Aniello. Paul W. Downs Paul W. Downs (born November 21, 1981/1982) is an American actor, writer, and director best known for his portrayal of Trey Pucker on the Comedy Central series \"Broad City\". Paul W. Downs has been creating digital shorts with Lucia Aniello since the pair met in 2007 at the Upright Citizens Brigade. In 2012 they made a web series called \"Paulilu Mixtape\" for Above Average Productions, a division of Broadway Video. Paul played \"Hot Guy\" in an episode of the MTV series \"The CollegeHumor Show\" in 2009. Additional appearances on \"CollegeHumor\" included parody of the","title":"Paul W. Downs"},{"psg_id":"18635124","text":"Paul W. Downs Paul W. Downs (born November 21, 1981/1982) is an American actor, writer, and director best known for his portrayal of Trey Pucker on the Comedy Central series \"Broad City\". Paul W. Downs has been creating digital shorts with Lucia Aniello since the pair met in 2007 at the Upright Citizens Brigade. In 2012 they made a web series called \"Paulilu Mixtape\" for Above Average Productions, a division of Broadway Video. Paul played \"Hot Guy\" in an episode of the MTV series \"The CollegeHumor Show\" in 2009. Additional appearances on \"CollegeHumor\" included parody of the deli scene from","title":"Paul W. Downs"},{"psg_id":"18612948","text":"writer and humorist Nicholas Gurewitch, author of newspaper comic strip \"The Perry Bible Fellowship\". Dan Gurewitch Daniel \"Dan\" Gurewitch (; born May 20, 1984) is an American comedian, writer, and actor. He has worked as a senior writer for American comedy website CollegeHumor, and as a writer for the late-night talk and news satire show \"Last Week Tonight with John Oliver\". A former pupil of Suffern High School, Gurewitch graduated from Newhouse, Syracuse University with a degree in television, radio, and film. From 2006 to 2013, Gurewitch worked as a senior writer for the comedy website CollegeHumor. His work there","title":"Dan Gurewitch"},{"psg_id":"15742856","text":"writing original videos for CollegeHumor with Dan Gurewitch, and has acted in CH Originals, as well as the series \"Hardly Working\". He has portrayed Woody Allen in episodes of \"Hardly Working\" and \"Very Mary-Kate\"—MTV's \"Guy Code Blog\" listed his among \"The 8 Best Woody Allen Impressions We Found On The Internet\". His favorite sketch written for CollegeHumor is entitled \"Moments Before Cup Chicks\", and involves a director briefing the participants of the viral scatological video \"2 Girls 1 Cup\". Beginning in 2007, he and Streeter Seidell have appeared in the \"Prank War\" series of videos, in which the two play","title":"Amir Blumenfeld"},{"psg_id":"1567667","text":"In 1993, the Warner Bros. animated television series \"Animaniacs\"'s first episode, in its first season, included a light spoof of \"Goodnight Moon\" named \"Nighty-Night Toon\". The \"Goodnight Moon Game\", by Briar Patch, is a memory game for very young children. It won a 1998 Parents' Choice Gold Award and a 1999 Oppenheim Toy Portfolio Platinum Award. In 2010, CollegeHumor posted five science fiction spoofs of well-known children's stories, including a mashup of \"Goodnight Moon\" and Frank Herbert's novel \"Dune\", entitled \"Goodnight Dune\"'. In 2011, author Julia Yu adapted the image on CollegeHumor into a full homage of \"Moon\", also titled","title":"Goodnight Moon"},{"psg_id":"15444268","text":"a video game similar to \"Grand Theft Auto V\". Although the album was released for free, \"Happy Camper\" was also made available for download on iTunes peaking at No. 2 on the overall albums chart. On September 29, 2017, he released his third studio album, \"The Hype\". Hoodie has appeared in four videos with the CollegeHumor team Jake and Amir since March 3, 2011. He made his CollegeHumor debut as Amir's rap teacher in \"Jake and Amir / Rap Teacher (With Hoodie Allen)\" and returned to that role three more times in videos titled \"Jake and Amir / Rap Teacher","title":"Hoodie Allen"},{"psg_id":"15069823","text":"a guest every week to discuss shameful stories of their past, and also includes a fan submitted story, read by a British person. The show has had several other CollegeHumor writers on it, such as Jake Hurwitz, Amir Blumenfeld, and Dan Gurewitch. Streeter Seidell Streeter Seidell (born December 2, 1982) is an American comedian, writer, actor, and TV host. Seidell first gained popularity as part of the cast of \"CollegeHumor\"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s online skits, although he had written and edited the site's front page before then. He got further attention when his video series \"Prank Wars\" went viral, garnering tens of millions","title":"Streeter Seidell"},{"psg_id":"15002543","text":"Finally, Chinstrap comes out again doing the \"Inception\" soundtrack as the episode ends. Upon the episode's release, Dan Gurewitch from the humor website CollegeHumor, noted several similarities between \"Insheeption\" and his own \"Inception\" parody video, \"Inception Characters Don't Understand Inception\", which he had made with David Young and first posted to the CollegeHumor website on July 19, 2010. He discovered that many lines from the \"South Park\" episode seemed to be lifted almost verbatim from their sketch. Matt Stone later issued an apology, admitting when they had intended to parody the complexity of \"Inception\", they did not have a copy","title":"Insheeption"},{"psg_id":"14472400","text":"Awkward Comedy Show\" with Hannibal Buress, and stand-up comedy featured on the talk shows \"Lopez Tonight\", \"Conan\", \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\" and \"The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson\". He has appeared on Comedy Central during \"Live at Gotham\" and \"Russell Simmons Presents \"Live at the EL REY\"\", has starred in various CollegeHumor videos, and has performed stand-up comedy at Collegehumor live. Vaughn also has a philosophy podcast, \"Deep S##! with Baron Vaughn\". In November 2014, he started another podcast with Leonard Maltin called \"Maltin on Movies\" on the Wolfpop network, sister network of Earwolf. On November 23, 2015","title":"Baron Vaughn"},{"psg_id":"13717293","text":"born in Connecticut. The son of a Jewish father and a Christian mother, he had a Bar Mitzvah and attended Hebrew school, but also celebrated Christmas and Easter. He attended Hamden Hall Country Day School for high school, and Hunter College and New School University in New York City. In 2005, as the book \"The CollegeHumor Guide to College\" was nearing completion, Hurwitz began to write a column for the comedy website CollegeHumor while attending school. When he transferred to Hunter College, he became an intern at the company—he summarized his duties saying \"I put together desks and microwaved\". He","title":"Jake Hurwitz"},{"psg_id":"12080976","text":"back. While working at CollegeHumor, Jake and Amir hosted live events as their characters from \"Jake and Amir\", including \"CollegeHumor Live\" at locations such as the UCB Theatre in New York and the University of California, Berkeley. They have also performed in Toronto and London's Soho Theatre with Streeter Seidell in 2013. Though the latter show was sold out and extra dates were added, the performance was poorly received by local media: \"The Guardian\" Brian Logan said Hurwitz and Blumenfeld \"cackle a lot, as they find various ways to repackage tales of puerile behaviour as comedy\". In June 2012, at","title":"Jake and Amir"},{"psg_id":"12080975","text":"create them full-time. Hurwitz explains that \"Jake and Amir\" was never intended to be a series: On October 12, 2011, CollegeHumor released \"Jake and Amir: Fired\", a thirty-minute episode of \"Jake and Amir\" that the pair had produced and edited in the previous months, while continuing to release short episodes. Available for purchase on CollegeHumor's website, Facebook, and available on DVD, the special was the company's first paid content. Its plot involves the fictitious new CEO of CollegeHumor, Alan Avery – played by Matt Walton – promoting Jake and firing Amir. Jake and Amir work together to get Amir's job","title":"Jake and Amir"},{"psg_id":"12080973","text":"Jake and Amir's involvement in podcasting lead them to founding HeadGum, a podcast network managing 43 podcasts as of 2018. Jake and Amir left CollegeHumor in 2015 to focus on producing their own content. First trying to land a TV show with TBS and later TruTV, Jake and Amir eventually struck a deal with Vimeo to write and direct the original web series, \"Lonely and Horny\". In May 2007, Jake and Amir began producing sketch comedy videos for CollegeHumor starring the two of them, a series later dubbed \"Jake and Amir\". Originally set in New York City and later Los","title":"Jake and Amir"},{"psg_id":"19055380","text":"she began to star on \"Very Mary-Kate\", a web series she also created and wrote. \"Very Mary-Kate\" is the \"unofficial biography of everyone's favorite Olsen twin,\" Mary-Kate Olsen. The series follows Mary-Kate's daily adventures as Carroll portrays Olsen as a \"character who's a weak-yet-demanding kitten obsessed with calories, abusing her bodyguard and getting her hands on the good drugs.\" The series was originally produced out-of-pocket, but was picked up for its second season by CollegeHumor. The show's fourth and final season premiered on CollegeHumor on January 17, 2013. \"Very Mary-Kate\" received positive reviews. The Wall Street Journal called the web","title":"Elaine Carroll"},{"psg_id":"18869341","text":"and T-shirt sales. In 2006 Abramson and company sold 51% of Connected Ventures, CollegeHumor's parent company, whose properties include CollegeHumor, Vimeo and BustedTees, to Barry Diller’s IAC/InterActiveCorp for a reported $20 million. Abramson and company created BustedTees in 2004 as a forum to sell T-shirts marketed on CollegeHumor. BustedTees was included in the 2006 sale of Connected Ventures to IAC/InterActiveCorp but in In 2011 Abramson bought the company back and is the current president. Abramson launched TeePublic in March 2013 with the aim of creating a self-sustaining community of T-shirt designers and T-shirt lovers. The T-shirt designs are submitted by","title":"Josh Abramson"},{"psg_id":"15742850","text":"Amir Blumenfeld Amir Shmuel Blumenfeld (; ; born Jan. 18, 1983) is an Israeli-American comedian, actor, writer, television host, and member of the American comedy duo, Jake and Amir. Born in Israel, he moved to Los Angeles when he was two, and was hired by the New York City-based CollegeHumor in 2005. As well as contributing to its books and articles, he has written and starred in original videos for the comedy website—appearing in series such as \"Hardly Working\" and \"Very Mary-Kate\"—and was a cast member on its short-lived MTV program \"The CollegeHumor Show\". Amir first came to national prominence","title":"Amir Blumenfeld"},{"psg_id":"15399064","text":"shown on YouTube. Very Mary-Kate Very Mary-Kate is a web series written/created by Elaine Carroll and directed by Sam Reich. The series consists of 71 episodes, as of January 17, 2013. Each episode runs for approximately 1–4 minutes, featuring comedian Elaine Carroll as Mary-Kate Olsen. The series was originally produced out-of-pocket, but was picked up for its second season by CollegeHumor, allowing Carroll to \"pay for lunch for people.\" The series premiered January 10, 2010 on Vimeo. The fourth season debuted January 17, 2013 on CollegeHumor and VeryMaryKate.com. According to an interview with The @rcade, Carroll originally used an impression","title":"Very Mary-Kate"},{"psg_id":"15399057","text":"Very Mary-Kate Very Mary-Kate is a web series written/created by Elaine Carroll and directed by Sam Reich. The series consists of 71 episodes, as of January 17, 2013. Each episode runs for approximately 1–4 minutes, featuring comedian Elaine Carroll as Mary-Kate Olsen. The series was originally produced out-of-pocket, but was picked up for its second season by CollegeHumor, allowing Carroll to \"pay for lunch for people.\" The series premiered January 10, 2010 on Vimeo. The fourth season debuted January 17, 2013 on CollegeHumor and VeryMaryKate.com. According to an interview with The @rcade, Carroll originally used an impression of the Olsen","title":"Very Mary-Kate"},{"psg_id":"15069819","text":"Streeter Seidell Streeter Seidell (born December 2, 1982) is an American comedian, writer, actor, and TV host. Seidell first gained popularity as part of the cast of \"CollegeHumor\"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s online skits, although he had written and edited the site's front page before then. He got further attention when his video series \"Prank Wars\" went viral, garnering tens of millions of views and a large amount of mainstream television attention all over the world, which eventually led to a TV-series called \"Pranked\" on MTV with fellow \"CollegeHumor\" editor, Amir Blumenfeld. Starting in 2013, Seidell began writing for the ABC sitcom \"Trophy Wife\".","title":"Streeter Seidell"},{"psg_id":"3947855","text":"are equal if and only if they can be pictured by the same apg. Within this framework, it can be shown that the so-called Quine atom, formally defined by Q={Q}, exists and is unique. Each of the axioms given above extends the universe of the previous, so that: V ⊆ A ⊆ S ⊆ F ⊆ B. In the Boffa universe, the distinct Quine atoms form a proper class. It is worth emphasizing that hyperset theory is an extension of classical set theory rather than a replacement: the well-founded sets within a hyperset domain conform to classical set theory. Aczel’s","title":"Non-well-founded set theory"},{"psg_id":"3947853","text":"next axiom proposal came in a 1960 congress talk of Dana Scott (never published as a paper), proposing an alternative axiom now called SAFA. Another axiom proposed in the late 1960s was Maurice Boffa's axiom of superuniversality, described by Aczel as the highpoint of research of its decade. Boffa's idea was to make foundation fail as badly as it can (or rather, as extensionality permits): Boffa's axiom implies that every extensional set-like relation is isomorphic to the elementhood predicate on a transitive class. A more recent approach to non-well-founded set theory, pioneered by M. Forti and F. Honsell in the","title":"Non-well-founded set theory"},{"psg_id":"3947850","text":"applications until Peter Aczel’s hyperset theory in 1988. The theory of non-well-founded sets has been applied in the logical modelling of non-terminating computational processes in computer science (process algebra and final semantics), linguistics and natural language semantics (situation theory), philosophy (work on the Liar Paradox), and in a different setting, non-standard analysis. In 1917, Dmitry Mirimanoff introduced the concept of well-foundedness of a set: In ZFC, there is no infinite descending ∈-sequence by the axiom of regularity. In fact, the axiom of regularity is often called the \"foundation axiom\" since it can be proved within ZFC (that is, ZFC without","title":"Non-well-founded set theory"},{"psg_id":"15368322","text":"Studies Centre at University of Oxford. The film has earned praise and criticism from commentators, reformers, and educators. The film is currently used in universities and law schools across the nation. It is in regular use by the Asylum Training Corps in the Department of Homeland Security, as well as hundreds of law offices across the U.S. The New York Times review said “the two-hour documentary by Shari Robertson and Michael Camerini takes an amazingly unflinching look at the process for seeking political asylum in the United States. The viewer who sticks with it ends up rewarded but deeply rattled,","title":"Well-Founded Fear"},{"psg_id":"15368318","text":"to the U.S. A refugee is defined as someone afraid to return home for fear of persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, social group or political opinion. Any foreign citizen who is able to find a path into the U.S. is eligible to apply for refugee protection in the form of political asylum. At the time of filming, the former Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) handled all requests for asylum. Behind the doors of the asylum office lies a dramatic real-life stage where American ideals about human rights collide with the nearly impossible task of trying to know the","title":"Well-Founded Fear"},{"psg_id":"16737617","text":"of a new free, secular and democratic Iran. The Confederation of Iranian Students (CIS) was founded by Amir Abbas Fakhravar, Arzhang Davoodi, \"Peyman Aref\" and \"Helia Honarmand\" and \"Roza Radbeh\" after the July 9, 1999 student uprising in Iran. The name of this organization was Independent Student Movement first and in July 2005 it was changed to Confederation of Iranian Students (CIS) . CIS claims to have over 10,000 members, with student Federations in Iran, the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Italy, Canada, Japan, Malaysia, Austria, and Turkey. It is the largest International Iranian student movement","title":"Confederation of Iranian Students (founded 2009)"},{"psg_id":"16737616","text":"Confederation of Iranian Students (founded 2009) The Confederation of Iranian Students (CIS) , is a pro-western, Iranian student organization with more than 10,000 members inside Iran and abroad. Its principal objective is to empower the will and confidence of the Iranian people in their quest for freedom. It reaches out to students through social, cultural, artistic, literary, and sports activities. CIS works to promote freedom, human rights and democracy in Iran. The Confederation educates the public, organizes, and mobilizes grass-root support in the United States, Europe, and Iran to promote freedom of expression, press, and religion – the constitutional foundations","title":"Confederation of Iranian Students (founded 2009)"},{"psg_id":"6817051","text":"Nichigai WHO Nichigai WHO, organized by Nichigai Associates, is a searchable database of over 300,000 historical and contemporary figures. The database was created to facilitate research related to publishers, mass communications, research institutes, libraries, and freelancers. Nichigai Associates (日外アソシエーツ株式会社) was founded in 1965. Its purpose has been to facilitate the acquisition of accurate information. In 1969, Nichigai Associates started a technical information retrieval service and began publishing the encyclopedias, indices, and directories. Following the current digitalization, its main service has been various online databases, such as WHO series, MAGAZINEPLUS and BOOKPLUS, among others. The databases focus on providing the information","title":"Nichigai WHO"},{"psg_id":"6953873","text":"and later the Friends of \"Doctor Who\". FDW ended unceremoniously in the mid-1990s, and since then, American \"Doctor Who\" fandom has been served mostly through local fan clubs. The \"Doctor Who\" Information Network (DWIN) was founded in Canada in 1980 and continues to serve fans in North America. It was one of the first \"Doctor Who\" clubs in North America, and is the longest running Doctor Who club on the continent. DWIN supports the monthly Toronto Tavern fan gatherings. DWIN also sponsored several local chapters throughout Canada. Also in Canada is the \"Doctor Who\" Society of Canada (DWSC), a social","title":"Doctor Who fandom"},{"psg_id":"9656225","text":"an in-game internet service provider. In the video, his name is Kyle Dierkes. He and fellow Derrick member DC Pierson also appeared in the CH: LIVE video series for CollegeHumor. Dierkes was a staff writer for the animated show \"Allen Gregory\" created by and starring Jonah Hill. DC Pierson has published a novel entitled \"The Boy Who Couldn't Sleep and Never Had To\". He hosted New York University's Ultra Violet Live Talent Competition in 2010 Pierson also appeared in a 2012 Allstate Insurance commercial. Both Dierkes and Pierson also appeared in the Showtime series \"Weeds\". Bobby Moynihan, who appeared in","title":"Derrick Comedy"},{"psg_id":"7750990","text":"Dr. Perry Cox reacts to a patient who says that a Wikipedia article indicates that the raw food diet reverses the effects of bone cancer by retorting that the same editor who wrote that article also wrote the \"Battlestar Galactica\" episode guide. In 2008, the comedic website \"CollegeHumor\" produced a video sketch named \"Professor Wikipedia\", in which the fictitious Professor Wikipedia instructs a class with a medley of unverifiable and occasionally absurd statements. The \"Dilbert\" comic strip from May 8, 2009, features a character supporting an improbable claim by saying \"Give me ten minutes and then check Wikipedia.\" In July","title":"Wikipedia"},{"psg_id":"20333829","text":"Perrault came up with the idea for the show in early 2016 and subsequently pitched it to Netflix, which agreed to distribute the show after being assured that the show would be \"more than just a dick joke sketch.\" Yacenda and Perrault, who had previously worked on short-form videos for outlets such as Funny or Die and CollegeHumor, were joined by showrunner Dan Lagana, who had most recently worked on the television series \"Deadbeat\". Lagana took charge of hiring writers for the show, choosing individuals with relatively little experience in writing for television. The creators developed the central mystery in","title":"American Vandal"},{"psg_id":"15394024","text":"Paul Brittain also exited abruptly halfway through the season, making his final appearance on January 14, 2012. This season saw several new writers. CollegeHumor writer Sarah Schneider was added to the writing staff, after serving as a guest writer for the last five episodes of season 36. Also added were Chris Kelly, who previously wrote for \"Funny or Die\" and \"The Onion News Network\"; Zach Kanin, who worked on the \"Harvard Lampoon\"; and Peter Schultz, a performer from the Upright Citizens Brigade Theater. The season saw the deaths of three former \"SNL\" writers. Nelson Lyon died at the age of","title":"Saturday Night Live (season 37)"},{"psg_id":"6953872","text":"Zerinza the club fanzine, until 1986. In the 1990s the club was renamed several times, today being the \"Doctor Who\" Club of Australia (or DWCA) which publishes a newsletter, \"Data Extract\". In the 1980s, some US fans staged \"Save \"Doctor Who\"\" publicity campaigns, trying to urge their local television stations to keep airing the show. The North American \"Doctor Who\" Appreciation Society was founded in the 1980s and served as an umbrella organisation for dozens of local fan groups throughout the continent. Its demise in the early 1980s led to the foundation of the \"Doctor Who\" Fan Club of America,","title":"Doctor Who fandom"},{"psg_id":"6953871","text":"Flaming Carrot leads a combined group of Trekkies and Whovians into rebellion. \"Doctor Who\" fans in Britain have had a formally recognised organisation – the Doctor Who Appreciation Society (or DWAS) – since the late 70s. It has thousands of members and enjoyed an ongoing relationship with the classic series and later with BBC Worldwide. The Australasian \"Doctor Who\" Fan Club was founded soon after DWAS, in 1976, to galvanise resistance to the decision of the Australian Broadcasting Commission to cease broadcasting the Doctor Who series (and was ultimately successful in having the decision overturned). The club president also edited","title":"Doctor Who fandom"},{"psg_id":"17937150","text":"and streamed the event on YouTube Live. Who What Wear Who What Wear is a Los Angeles, California-based fashion brand that produces trend reports, celebrity style guides, wardrobe how-tos, and fashion news. The company also sells a line of fashion apparel and accessories in cooperation with Target Corporation, and publishes fashion books under the Who What Wear brand. Founded in 2006, the company is owned by Los Angeles fashion company Clique Brands. Who What Wear was launched in 2006 by former Elle Magazine West Coast editor Katherine Power and Elle contributor Hillary Kerr. The business began as a simple daily","title":"Who What Wear"},{"psg_id":"17937148","text":"Who What Wear Who What Wear is a Los Angeles, California-based fashion brand that produces trend reports, celebrity style guides, wardrobe how-tos, and fashion news. The company also sells a line of fashion apparel and accessories in cooperation with Target Corporation, and publishes fashion books under the Who What Wear brand. Founded in 2006, the company is owned by Los Angeles fashion company Clique Brands. Who What Wear was launched in 2006 by former Elle Magazine West Coast editor Katherine Power and Elle contributor Hillary Kerr. The business began as a simple daily fashion eNewsletter and blog, with posts about","title":"Who What Wear"},{"psg_id":"14616854","text":"Doctor Who Online Doctor Who Online (abbreviated to DWO by its users) is a UK-based news, information, and forum site dedicated to the British science fiction television programme \"Doctor Who\". The website was created by actor, writer, director and Science Fiction fan Sebastian J. Brook. The site was founded as \"Doctor Who: The REGENERATIVE website\" in 1996 as a site for fans to find out news and guides for the show whilst it was off the air. A review of the website by BBC Radio 2's Miles Mendoza described it as 'one of the most popular and longest established [Doctor","title":"Doctor Who Online"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12934291\",\n \"text\": \"The CollegeHumor Show The CollegeHumor Show was an American television sitcom that premiered on MTV on February 8, 2009 and also aired on MuchMusic. The show was a scripted sitcom with sketch comedy elements. It was written by and stars nine CollegeHumor editorial staff members, who played fictionalized versions of themselves. The show was an adaptation of the style of the long-running \\\"Hardly Working\\\" short film series created for the CollegeHumor site, made more suitable for the longer, televised format. After the conclusion of the six episode season, the series was cancelled. The series also spawned the spin-off show \\\"Pranked\\\",\",\n \"title\": \"The CollegeHumor Show\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5047543\",\n \"text\": \"being posted on YouTube. The CollegeHumor YouTube channel has reached over 6.4 billion views, and over 13.3 million subscribers (As of October 2018) CollegeHumor's pictures section features user-submitted photographs. Like the site's videos, CollegeHumor's pictures are of a humorous or bizarre nature. CollegeHumor also occasionally holds photo-based contests for its users. CollegeHumor posts original writing from its staff and users, including humorous essays, comics, interviews and weekly columns on sports, video games, college life, and dating. Contributing writers to the site have included notable comedians Steve Hofstetter, Christian Finnegan, Brooks Wheelan, Paul Scheer, Amir Blumenfeld, Alex Figueroa, Justin Johnson, and\",\n \"title\": \"CollegeHumor\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5047542\",\n \"text\": \"or Episode in 2008 and 2009 with other nominees and winners since. In 2014, CollegeHumor was listed on New Media Rockstars Top 100 Channels, ranked at number 76. On September 26, 2018, CollegeHumor launched Dropout, a subscription service that includes uncensored and original video series, animations, and other forms of media including comics and fictionalized chat conversations. CollegeHumor produces original comedy videos under the CH Originals (formerly known as CHTV) banner. In addition, the site hosts a large collection of user-submitted viral videos, encompassing home movies, bizarre sports highlights, sketches, and such. These videos are released one month prior to\",\n \"title\": \"CollegeHumor\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12934292\",\n \"text\": \"hosted by Streeter Seidell and Amir Blumenfeld and airing on MTV. In the show, the actual CollegeHumor (and \\\"CollegeHumor Show\\\") writers play fictionalized versions of themselves. There is no single \\\"star\\\" of the show; rather, the nine main characters function as an ensemble. For the most part, the characters are self-centered, operating according to their immediate desires rather than making rational or sensitive decisions. \\\"The CollegeHumor Show\\\" is filmed inside the actual offices of Connected Ventures, which owns CollegeHumor and a series of other websites. The production crew is the same team responsible for the original comedy videos that CollegeHumor\",\n \"title\": \"The CollegeHumor Show\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5047541\",\n \"text\": \"the advertiser-friendly college-aged demographic. CollegeHumor, along with its parent company, Connected Ventures, was acquired by Barry Diller's IAC in August 2006. CollegeHumor has become known for its original comedy content. The site has been nominated for the Webby Award in the humor category, and many of their individual videos have been nominated for and/or won Webby Awards. Recent winners include \\\"Pixar Intro Parody\\\" for Best Animation, \\\"Web Site Story\\\" for Best Individual Short or Episode, and \\\"Jake and Amir\\\" for Best Series. Their shorts \\\"Awkward Rap\\\" and \\\"Hand Vagina\\\" were nominated for the Webby Award for Best Comedy: Individual Short\",\n \"title\": \"CollegeHumor\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5047545\",\n \"text\": \"CH staff members themselves. CollegeHumor's original videos average 20 million views per month on the site. In addition, their videos are collected on the CollegeHumor YouTube Channel, which currently has over 12 million subscribers, with over 27,765 new subscribers joining each week. CH original sketches, animations, and music Hardly Working Jake and Amir Full Benefits TV RPG POV The Six Every 7 Seconds Prank War CH Live The All-Nighter Dire Consequences IRL Files Very Mary-Kate Hello, My Name Is... Troopers Dinosaur Office BearShark Badman Precious Plum The Adventures of Kim Jong Un Furry Force If Google was a guy Hot\",\n \"title\": \"CollegeHumor\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5047544\",\n \"text\": \"Judah Friedlander. Andrew Bridgman curates the articles and edits the website's front page. CH Originals is CollegeHumor's original comedy video section, featuring sketches and short films written and produced by the CollegeHumor staff. The site releases over ten new videos per week. CH Originals videos include sketch comedy, film and television parodies, animation, and music videos. In addition to stand-alone viral comedy shorts or \\\"one-offs\\\", which are usually shot on location and feature hired actors, CH Originals also produces a number of series—notably \\\"Hardly Working\\\", \\\"Jake and Amir\\\", and \\\"Nerd Alert\\\"—which are shot in the CH office and star the\",\n \"title\": \"CollegeHumor\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12934293\",\n \"text\": \"produces. The nine main actors on the show also comprise the show's writing staff. The show has seen mixed responses from critics. Time Magazine's TV critic James Poniewozik hailed the show as \\\"really funny,\\\" noting that CollegeHumor is \\\"doing comedy that specifically works on television, as opposed to simply porting over viral videos to a slightly bigger screen.\\\" Liz Shannon Miller, editor for online streaming site Newteevee, criticized the show's sitcom format and said she \\\"would have preferred a stronger debut,\\\" but gave the premiere four stars out of a possible five. The show was cancelled after six episodes. The\",\n \"title\": \"The CollegeHumor Show\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15368317\",\n \"text\": \"Well-Founded Fear Well-Founded Fear is a 2000 documentary film from directors Shari Robertson and Michael Camerini. The film takes its title from the formal definition of a refugee under the UN Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, as a person who deserves protection, \\\"owing to a \\\"well-founded fear\\\" of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion.” The film analyzes the US asylum process by following several asylum applicants and asylum officers through actual INS interviews. On average, only one in two hundred asylum applicants is ever admitted as a refugee\",\n \"title\": \"Well-Founded Fear\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19970113\",\n \"text\": \"York and founded the comedy group Dutch West, which focused on making comedy videos for the internet. After being discovered by CollegeHumor in 2006, he was hired as Director of Original Content. He was then promoted to President of Original Content along with the premiere of \\\"The CollegeHumor Show\\\" on MTV in 2009. In 2014, Reich founded Big Breakfast, CollegeHumor's offshoot production company, and moved CollegeHumor's video team to Los Angeles. The company has since produced \\\"Adam Ruins Everything\\\" on TruTV; \\\"Middle of the Night Show\\\" on MTV; \\\"Time Traveling Bong\\\" on Comedy Central; \\\"The Britishes\\\" on DirecTV; \\\"I Want\",\n \"title\": \"Sam Reich\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7254011\",\n \"text\": \"assigning propositions \\\"true\\\" or \\\"false\\\", it also allows for a value representing ignorance. For example, if we know that codice_1 but we do not know whether or not specimen \\\"A\\\" flies during the day, the well-founded semantics would assign the proposition ``specimen A is a moth`` the value \\\"bottom\\\" which is neither \\\"true\\\" nor \\\"false\\\". The well-founded semantics is also a way of making safe inferences in the presence of contradictory data such as noisy data, or data acquired from different experts who may posit differing opinions. Many two-valued semantics simply won't consider such a problem state workable. The well-founded\",\n \"title\": \"Well-founded semantics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15368324\",\n \"text\": \"Awards, the film was nominated the Truer than Fiction award. Due to the film’s success in the classroom and other education situations, two discussion modules were produced to accompany the film. The filmmakers developed an educational website, commissioned by POV for their broadcast of the film in 2000. The website allows users to play an online game where they can \\\"step into the job of asylum officer for a few minutes and try deciding a case themselves.\\\" Gerald, an INS asylum officer who appears in the film is featured in the online game. Well-Founded Fear Well-Founded Fear is a 2000\",\n \"title\": \"Well-Founded Fear\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2122906\",\n \"text\": \"sets are well-founded. A relation \\\"R\\\" is converse well-founded, upwards well-founded or Noetherian on \\\"X\\\", if the converse relation \\\"R\\\" is well-founded on \\\"X\\\". In this case \\\"R\\\" is also said to satisfy the ascending chain condition. In the context of rewriting systems, a Noetherian relation is also called terminating. An important reason that well-founded relations are interesting is because a version of transfinite induction can be used on them: if (\\\"X\\\", \\\"R\\\") is a well-founded relation, \\\"P\\\"(\\\"x\\\") is some property of elements of \\\"X\\\", and we want to show that it suffices to show that: That is, Well-founded induction\",\n \"title\": \"Well-founded relation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14200295\",\n \"text\": \"some brass, son!\\\" in a St. Patrick's Day commercial for Guinness. Starred in multiple CollegeHumor shorts, including the Jeggings series, the Badman series and as Nicolas Cage's Agent, among others. McCarthy co-founded the sketch video group Front Page Films. FPF made videos for Doritos, Crunch Fitness, CollegeHumor, and Comedy Central. FPF's \\\"HOTEL\\\", \\\"DOCTOR\\\" and \\\"KID FARM\\\" series were featured on Atom.com and Comedy Central's Tosh.0. From November 2011 to October 2012, worked as a creative writer with WWE. Was a guest on The Nick & Artie Show in October 2012. Summer 2013, McCarthy, an avid pro wrestling fan, began recording\",\n \"title\": \"Matt McCarthy (comedian)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13024937\",\n \"text\": \"a member of the University's \\\"Lilting Banshees\\\" student comedy troupe. A mutual friend recommended Schneider to Van Veen, who hired her as a freelance writer in May 2005 to work on the book \\\"The CollegeHumor Guide To College\\\". From there she became a full-time writer and the first female permanent employee. As part of the CollegeHumor staff she starred as a fictionalized version of herself in the short-lived television series \\\"The CollegeHumor Show\\\" (2009) and web series including \\\"Hardly Working\\\" and \\\"Full Benefits\\\"; starred as other characters in other original videos; and wrote episodes, videos and articles. In 2011, Schneider\",\n \"title\": \"Sarah Schneider\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7254010\",\n \"text\": \"Well-founded semantics In logic programming, the well-founded semantics is one definition of how we can make conclusions from a set of logical rules. In logic programming, we give a computer a set of facts, and a set of \\\"inference rules\\\" about how these facts relate. There are several different ways that we might want the computer to apply these rules; the well-founded semantics is one of these ways. The well-founded semantics was defined by Van Gelder, et al. in a 1991 paper. The well-founded semantics can be viewed as a three-valued version of the stable model semantics. Instead of only\",\n \"title\": \"Well-founded semantics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2122909\",\n \"text\": \"all ordinal numbers, the technique is called transfinite induction. When the well-founded set is a set of recursively-defined data structures, the technique is called structural induction. When the well-founded relation is set membership on the universal class, the technique is known as ∈-induction. See those articles for more details. Well-founded relations which are not totally ordered include: Examples of relations that are not well-founded include: If (\\\"X\\\", <) is a well-founded relation and \\\"x\\\" is an element of \\\"X\\\", then the descending chains starting at \\\"x\\\" are all finite, but this does not mean that their lengths are necessarily bounded.\",\n \"title\": \"Well-founded relation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2122912\",\n \"text\": \"context of the natural numbers, this means that the relation <, which is well-founded, is used instead of the relation ≤, which is not. In some texts, the definition of a well-founded relation is changed from the definition above to include this convention. Well-founded relation In mathematics, a binary relation, \\\"R\\\", is called well-founded (or wellfounded) on a class \\\"X\\\" if every non-empty subset \\\"S\\\" ⊆ \\\"X\\\" has a minimal element with respect to \\\"R\\\", that is an element \\\"m\\\" not related by \\\"sRm\\\" (for instance, \\\"\\\"s\\\" is not smaller than \\\"m\\\"\\\") for any \\\"s\\\" ∈ \\\"S\\\". In other words,\",\n \"title\": \"Well-founded relation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2122908\",\n \"text\": \"R x\\\". As an example, consider the well-founded relation (N, \\\"S\\\"), where N is the set of all natural numbers, and \\\"S\\\" is the graph of the successor function \\\"x\\\" → \\\"x\\\" + 1. Then induction on \\\"S\\\" is the usual mathematical induction, and recursion on \\\"S\\\" gives primitive recursion. If we consider the order relation (N, <), we obtain complete induction, and course-of-values recursion. The statement that (N, <) is well-founded is also known as the well-ordering principle. There are other interesting special cases of well-founded induction. When the well-founded relation is the usual ordering on the class of\",\n \"title\": \"Well-founded relation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2122904\",\n \"text\": \"Well-founded relation In mathematics, a binary relation, \\\"R\\\", is called well-founded (or wellfounded) on a class \\\"X\\\" if every non-empty subset \\\"S\\\" ⊆ \\\"X\\\" has a minimal element with respect to \\\"R\\\", that is an element \\\"m\\\" not related by \\\"sRm\\\" (for instance, \\\"\\\"s\\\" is not smaller than \\\"m\\\"\\\") for any \\\"s\\\" ∈ \\\"S\\\". In other words, a relation is well founded if Some authors include an extra condition that \\\"R\\\" is set-like, i.e., that the elements less than any given element form a set. Equivalently, assuming the axiom of choice, a relation is well-founded if it contains no countable\",\n \"title\": \"Well-founded relation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2122905\",\n \"text\": \"infinite descending chains: that is, there is no infinite sequence \\\"x\\\", \\\"x\\\", \\\"x\\\", ... of elements of \\\"X\\\" such that \\\"x\\\" \\\"R\\\" \\\"x\\\" for every natural number \\\"n\\\". In order theory, a partial order is called well-founded if the corresponding strict order is a well-founded relation. If the order is a total order then it is called a well-order. In set theory, a set \\\"x\\\" is called a well-founded set if the set membership relation is well-founded on the transitive closure of \\\"x\\\". The axiom of regularity, which is one of the axioms of Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory, asserts that all\",\n \"title\": \"Well-founded relation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15368320\",\n \"text\": \"with several onscreen statements about how the asylum application process has changed since filming. Congress passed legislation which reduces the number of people who are eligible to apply for asylum. The legislation also jails individuals arriving at U.S. borders requesting asylum. Additionally, the legislation limited an individual's right to appeal some of the decisions from asylum officers. \\\"Well-Founded Fear\\\" was featured as an Official Selection at the 2000 Sundance Film Festival where The Hollywood Reporter called it “one of the most talked-about and attended films at the Festival.” The film was broadcast on PBS, through P.O.V. on June 5, 2000.\",\n \"title\": \"Well-Founded Fear\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7572353\",\n \"text\": \"motes, water particles, etc. For Leibniz, there are two main categories of well-founded phenomena: the ordinary world of individual objects and their interactions, and more abstract phenomena such as space, time, and causality. This is also found in his expression of pre-established harmony being the basis of causation. Well-founded phenomenon Well-founded phenomena (), in the philosophy of Gottfried Leibniz, are ways in which the world falsely appears to us, but which are grounded in the way the world is (as opposed to dreams or hallucinations, which are false appearances that are not thus grounded). For Leibniz, the universe is made\",\n \"title\": \"Well-founded phenomenon\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2122910\",\n \"text\": \"Consider the following example: Let \\\"X\\\" be the union of the positive integers and a new element ω, which is bigger than any integer. Then \\\"X\\\" is a well-founded set, but there are descending chains starting at ω of arbitrary great (finite) length; the chain ω, \\\"n\\\" − 1, \\\"n\\\" − 2, ..., 2, 1 has length \\\"n\\\" for any \\\"n\\\". The Mostowski collapse lemma implies that set membership is a universal among the extensional well-founded relations: for any set-like well-founded relation \\\"R\\\" on a class \\\"X\\\" which is extensional, there exists a class \\\"C\\\" such that (\\\"X\\\",\\\"R\\\") is isomorphic\",\n \"title\": \"Well-founded relation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7572351\",\n \"text\": \"Well-founded phenomenon Well-founded phenomena (), in the philosophy of Gottfried Leibniz, are ways in which the world falsely appears to us, but which are grounded in the way the world is (as opposed to dreams or hallucinations, which are false appearances that are not thus grounded). For Leibniz, the universe is made up of an infinite number of simple substances or monads, each of which contains a representation of the entire universe (past, present, and future), and which are all causally isolated from one another (\\\"Monads have no windows through which anything could enter or depart.\\\") For the most part\",\n \"title\": \"Well-founded phenomenon\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7254012\",\n \"text\": \"semantics, however, has a built-in mechanism to circumvent the presence of the contradictions and proceeds to derive as many two-valued facts as possible, even though some consequences may remain unknown. The fastest known algorithm to compute the WF-Semantics in general, is of quadratic complexity. Well-founded semantics In logic programming, the well-founded semantics is one definition of how we can make conclusions from a set of logical rules. In logic programming, we give a computer a set of facts, and a set of \\\"inference rules\\\" about how these facts relate. There are several different ways that we might want the computer\",\n \"title\": \"Well-founded semantics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2122907\",\n \"text\": \"is sometimes called Noetherian induction, after Emmy Noether. On par with induction, well-founded relations also support construction of objects by transfinite recursion. Let (\\\"X\\\", \\\"R\\\") be a set-like well-founded relation and \\\"F\\\" a function that assigns an object \\\"F\\\"(\\\"x\\\", \\\"g\\\") to each pair of an element \\\"x ∈ X\\\" and a function \\\"g\\\" on the initial segment {\\\"y\\\": \\\"y\\\" \\\"R\\\" \\\"x\\\"} of \\\"X\\\". Then there is a unique function \\\"G\\\" such that for every \\\"x ∈ X\\\", That is, if we want to construct a function \\\"G\\\" on \\\"X\\\", we may define \\\"G\\\"(\\\"x\\\") using the values of \\\"G\\\"(\\\"y\\\") for \\\"y\",\n \"title\": \"Well-founded relation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3947849\",\n \"text\": \"Non-well-founded set theory Non-well-founded set theories are variants of axiomatic set theory that allow sets to contain themselves and otherwise violate the rule of well-foundedness. In non-well-founded set theories, the foundation axiom of ZFC is replaced by axioms implying its negation. The study of non-well-founded sets was initiated by Dmitry Mirimanoff in a series of papers between 1917 and 1920, in which he formulated the distinction between well-founded and non-well-founded sets; he did not regard well-foundedness as an axiom. Although a number of axiomatic systems of non-well-founded sets were proposed afterwards, they did not find much in the way of\",\n \"title\": \"Non-well-founded set theory\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3947851\",\n \"text\": \"the axiom of regularity) that well-foundedness implies regularity. In variants of ZFC without the axiom of regularity, the possibility of non-well-founded sets with set-like ∈-chains arises. For example, a set \\\"A\\\" such that \\\"A\\\" ∈ \\\"A\\\" is non-well-founded. Although Mirimanoff also introduced a notion of isomorphism between possibly non-well-founded sets, he considered neither an axiom of foundation nor of anti-foundation. In 1926, Paul Finsler introduced the first axiom that allowed non-well-founded sets. After Zermelo adopted Foundation into his own system in 1930 (from previous work of von Neumann 1925–1929) interest in non-well-founded sets waned for decades. An early non-well-founded set\",\n \"title\": \"Non-well-founded set theory\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3947856\",\n \"text\": \"hypersets were extensively used by Jon Barwise and John Etchemendy in their 1987 book \\\"The Liar\\\", on the liar's paradox; The book is also good introduction to the topic of non-well-founded sets. Boffa’s superuniversality axiom has found application as a basis for axiomatic nonstandard analysis. Non-well-founded set theory Non-well-founded set theories are variants of axiomatic set theory that allow sets to contain themselves and otherwise violate the rule of well-foundedness. In non-well-founded set theories, the foundation axiom of ZFC is replaced by axioms implying its negation. The study of non-well-founded sets was initiated by Dmitry Mirimanoff in a series of\",\n \"title\": \"Non-well-founded set theory\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15742863\",\n \"text\": \"After leaving CollegeHumor, Jake and Amir tried to land a TV show with TBS and later TruTV, but eventually struck a deal with Vimeo to write and direct their own original web series, \\\"Lonely and Horny.\\\" Jake and Amir later founded the podcast network, HeadGum. On May 13, 2013, Hurwitz and Blumenfeld announced their first new project since \\\"Jake and Amir\\\": a comedy audio podcast called \\\"If I Were You\\\", in which they give advice to listeners who submit questions. Kayla Culver of \\\"The Concordian\\\" lauded the podcast as \\\"comfortable to listen to\\\" and \\\"genuinely funny\\\" and said \\\"It's like\",\n \"title\": \"Amir Blumenfeld\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13717300\",\n \"text\": \"small children].\\\" In 2015, following the success of Hurwitz and Blumenfeld's If I Were You podcast, the duo founded the HeadGum podcasting network. HeadGum includes 39 podcasts, many of which are hosted by comedians who were involved with CollegeHumor. Some of the notable program that can be found on the network includes Hurwitz and Blumenfeld's very own If I Were You podcast, The Complete Guide to Everything and Gilmore Guys. In 2009, Hurwitz was selected as the host of the second season of \\\"BFF\\\", a game show produced for Myspace that Hurwitz described as \\\"\\\"The Dating Game\\\" for friends\\\". This\",\n \"title\": \"Jake Hurwitz\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12080984\",\n \"text\": \"qualify as great advice but it’s honestly not the worst advice ever given.\\\" Fully admitting that they are not experts who ought to be giving out advice, Blumenfeld puts forward that he at least \\\"tends to think of us as expert 20-somethings because we’ve been doing it for a decade.\\\" On August 1, 2015, after leaving CollegeHumor, Jake and Amir founded HeadGum, a podcast network with 43 podcasts as of February 2018. As of April 2017, the HeadGum network has an average of 100 million plays per month. HeadGum has studios in Los Angeles and Brooklyn. Jake and Amir Jake\",\n \"title\": \"Jake and Amir\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2518820\",\n \"text\": \"his cohorts to rename him \\\"The Man from Alanis\\\". In December 2009, the comedy website \\\"CollegeHumor\\\" released a spoof video of the song called \\\"Actually Ironic\\\", featuring actress Sarah Natochenny, in which Patrick Cassels amended the lyrics in a form that would be appropriately ironic. For example, \\\"it's like rain on your wedding day, to the Egyptian sun god Ra.\\\" The \\\"CollegeHumor\\\" spoof was similarly replicated in July 2013 with a song called, \\\"It's Finally Ironic\\\" by sisters Rachael and Eliza Hurwitz, from New York City, who published their version on YouTube. The sisters adjusted the lyrics to reflect irony\",\n \"title\": \"Ironic (song)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19970114\",\n \"text\": \"My Phone Back\\\" on Comcast's Watchable; and \\\"Bad Internet\\\" and \\\"Rhett and Link's Buddy System\\\" on YouTube Red. Reich is married to actress and writer Elaine Carroll, who he met during summer camp in 2000. Together, they have collaborated on the web series \\\"Very Mary-Kate\\\" and \\\"Precious Plum\\\". With CollegeHumor, he has collaborated on music videos with \\\"Weird Al\\\" Yankovic and former United States First Lady Michelle Obama. Sam Reich Sam Reich (born July 22, 1984) is an American producer, director, writer, actor, and performer. He is best known for his work with CollegeHumor and the TV show \\\"Adam Ruins\",\n \"title\": \"Sam Reich\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19062604\",\n \"text\": \"On May 9, 2018, TruTV announced the show had been renewed for a third season, set to premiere in the fall of 2018. Upon beginning to air the additional episodes, it was revealed that they were an addition to the second season rather than a third season. \\\"Adam Ruins Everything\\\" is based on a CollegeHumor web series of the same name, and stars comedian Adam Conover (who was also the star of the CollegeHumor series) as the host. Each episode begins with an ordinary person (sometimes a recurring character, other times not) going about their daily lives before stating a\",\n \"title\": \"Adam Ruins Everything\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18612946\",\n \"text\": \"Dan Gurewitch Daniel \\\"Dan\\\" Gurewitch (; born May 20, 1984) is an American comedian, writer, and actor. He has worked as a senior writer for American comedy website CollegeHumor, and as a writer for the late-night talk and news satire show \\\"Last Week Tonight with John Oliver\\\". A former pupil of Suffern High School, Gurewitch graduated from Newhouse, Syracuse University with a degree in television, radio, and film. From 2006 to 2013, Gurewitch worked as a senior writer for the comedy website CollegeHumor. His work there included \\\"Hardly Working\\\" and CollegeHumor Originals, in both of which he was a principal\",\n \"title\": \"Dan Gurewitch\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15742858\",\n \"text\": \"were revealed to be fake in July 2017 on the \\\"If I Were You\\\" podcast. In 2009, Blumenfeld starred in \\\"The CollegeHumor Show\\\" on MTV along with eight other CollegeHumor employees. The staff members wrote, filmed and starred in the show, which is set in the CollegeHumor offices and has a scripted reality premise. Structured as a half-hour sitcom, it incorporates sketches that had already been published online. However, the show was lambasted by critics—\\\"Pajiba\\\" Dustin Rowles called it \\\"a series of atrocious sketches haphazardly strung together\\\"; \\\"GigaOM\\\" Liz Shannon Miller said the show was \\\"deeply disappointing\\\", and that although\",\n \"title\": \"Amir Blumenfeld\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13717294\",\n \"text\": \"later got a full-time position at CollegeHumor, where he writes and acts in original videos. Having originally wanted to be a sitcom writer, he \\\"spent a year or two feeling really uncomfortable on camera\\\", but now says he \\\"love[s] it\\\". Hurwitz was a cast member on \\\"The CollegeHumor Show\\\", a 2009 sitcom set in the CollegeHumor offices and featuring videos from the website. His character's biography on the MTV website reads: \\\"Jake might not be smarter than his coworkers, but he's better looking, and that's good enough for him.\\\" The show was heavily criticized, being called \\\"a series of atrocious\",\n \"title\": \"Jake Hurwitz\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13717291\",\n \"text\": \"Jake Hurwitz Jacob Penn Cooper Hurwitz (born August 5, 1985) is an American comedian, writer, actor, and member of the comedy duo Jake and Amir. He was hired by the comedy website CollegeHumor after becoming an intern there in 2006, and has written and appeared in original videos for the website, as well as contributing articles which have been published both online and in print. He also starred in \\\"The CollegeHumor Show\\\", an MTV sitcom that ran for one season in 2009. Outside of CollegeHumor, Hurwitz has hosted Myspace's \\\"BFF\\\" series. He is best known as the comedy partner of\",\n \"title\": \"Jake Hurwitz\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12080977\",\n \"text\": \"the International Student Film Festival in Tel Aviv, Israel, the pair gave a lecture at the New Media Conference. As their new podcast \\\"If I Were You\\\" began to take-off in 2015, the duo started thinking about leaving CollegeHumor. Blumenfeld liked the idea, but \\\"also liked having health insurance.\\\" After deciding to leave the website, CollegeHumor announced in January 2015 that the series would air its last 8 episodes beginning on February 17, 2015. On October 27, 2016, the duo returned to CollegeHumor for a single episode of \\\"Jake and Amir\\\" titled \\\"Jake and Amir: Donald Trump\\\", to comment on\",\n \"title\": \"Jake and Amir\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3947852\",\n \"text\": \"theory was Willard Van Orman Quine’s New Foundations, although it is not merely ZF with a replacement for Foundation. Several proofs of the independence of Foundation from the rest of ZF were published in 1950s particularly by Paul Bernays (1954), following an announcement of the result in earlier paper of his from 1941, and by Ernst Specker who gave a different proof in his Habilitationsschrift of 1951, proof which was published in 1957. Then in 1957 Rieger's theorem was published, which gave a general method for such proof to be carried out, rekindling some interest in non-well-founded axiomatic systems. The\",\n \"title\": \"Non-well-founded set theory\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15859008\",\n \"text\": \"included it (albeit as second choice) in the 1983 Hymns and Psalms, and it was the main choice in the 1986 New English Hymnal. It has subsequently appeared in many hymnbooks across the English-speaking world. All My Hope on God is Founded \\\"All My Hope on God is Founded\\\" is a well-known hymn, originally German, which was translated into English in 1899 and which established itself in the latter part of the twentieth century. The original words \\\"Meine Hoffnung stehet feste\\\" were written in around 1680 by Joachim Neander. In 1899 these were translated into English by Robert Bridges, who\",\n \"title\": \"All My Hope on God is Founded\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15859005\",\n \"text\": \"All My Hope on God is Founded \\\"All My Hope on God is Founded\\\" is a well-known hymn, originally German, which was translated into English in 1899 and which established itself in the latter part of the twentieth century. The original words \\\"Meine Hoffnung stehet feste\\\" were written in around 1680 by Joachim Neander. In 1899 these were translated into English by Robert Bridges, who would later become British Poet Laureate. He was, at the time, living in the Berkshire village of Yattendon, where he was choir master for the parish church of St Peter and St Paul. Disappointed with\",\n \"title\": \"All My Hope on God is Founded\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7572352\",\n \"text\": \"the monads' perceptions are more or less confused and obscure, but some of them correspond either to the ways in which other monads are related or to the ways that the representation is genuinely ordered; these are the well-founded phenomena. In the world of ordinary experience we might call a rainbow a well-ordered phenomenon; it appears to us to be a coloured arch in the sky, though there is in fact no arch there. We are not suffering from hallucinations, though, for the appearance is grounded in the way the world is ordered – in the behaviour of light, dust\",\n \"title\": \"Well-founded phenomenon\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16737630\",\n \"text\": \"mixed success, to gain support of older generation, labor, clerics, village-dwellers, and other segments. CIS supports imposition of severe sanctions against Iran, including a total oil sale embargo, to deprive the regime of the funds it needs to pay its security forces. CIS and other student activists purportedly developing list of Iranian officials who they assert have committed major human rights abuses—an intended parallel to the “deck of cards” of alleged Saddam-regime “war criminals” developed by the United States before the overthrow of Saddam.\\\" Confederation of Iranian Students (founded 2009) The Confederation of Iranian Students (CIS) , is a pro-western,\",\n \"title\": \"Confederation of Iranian Students (founded 2009)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3947854\",\n \"text\": \"1980s, borrows from computer science the concept of a bisimulation. Bisimilar sets are considered indistinguishable and thus equal, which leads to a strengthening of the axiom of extensionality. In this context, axioms contradicting the axiom of regularity are known as anti-foundation axioms, and a set that is not necessarily well-founded is called a hyperset. Four mutually independent anti-foundation axioms are well-known, sometimes abbreviated by the first letter in the following list: They essentially correspond to four different notions of equality for non-well-founded sets. The first of these, AFA, is based on accessible pointed graphs (apg) and states that two hypersets\",\n \"title\": \"Non-well-founded set theory\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13353367\",\n \"text\": \"by Jacques Guilleme-Brulon (foreign politics) or, more frequently, by Guy Baret (domestic politics). Under their influence, \\\"L'Aurore\\\" leaned politically rightward in its last days as an independent paper. In 1985, \\\"L'Aurore\\\" was integrated fully into \\\"Le Figaro\\\", though it survived in title, in the Saturday supplement, \\\"Le Figaro-L'Aurore\\\". L'Aurore (newspaper founded 1944) L'Aurore was a French newspaper first sold on 11 September 1944, soon after the Liberation of Paris. Its name refers to the previous, unrelated publication, \\\"L'Aurore\\\" (1897–1914). Publication ended in 1985. During 1943, several issues of \\\"L'Aurore\\\" were published in secret by Robert Lazurick (a former member of\",\n \"title\": \"L'Aurore (newspaper founded 1944)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13353361\",\n \"text\": \"L'Aurore (newspaper founded 1944) L'Aurore was a French newspaper first sold on 11 September 1944, soon after the Liberation of Paris. Its name refers to the previous, unrelated publication, \\\"L'Aurore\\\" (1897–1914). Publication ended in 1985. During 1943, several issues of \\\"L'Aurore\\\" were published in secret by Robert Lazurick (a former member of the Front Populaire). After the Liberation of Paris, in 1944, Lazurick, Jean Piot, and Paul Bastid obtained official authority to publish their paper under the title \\\"L'Aurore\\\" (the dawn), in reference to Clemenceau, and also to \\\"J'accuse…!\\\" by Émile Zola, published in the previous \\\"L'Aurore\\\" in 1898. \\\"L'Aurore\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"L'Aurore (newspaper founded 1944)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19381002\",\n \"text\": \"who's depicting them\\\". NewYorkCityTheatre wrote that \\\"Eliza Hamilton sums up the story and leads the company to a moving finale, when the lights drop as the weight and vision of the American Dream continues its tug of war, between the immigrants who once founded this country and those looking to make her home\\\". \\\"Variety\\\" wrote that \\\"in the end, Miranda's impassioned narrative of one man's story becomes the collective narrative of a nation, a nation built by immigrants who occasionally need to be reminded where they came from.\\\" \\\"Newsday\\\" described the finale as \\\"focused\\\", while Uloop said it \\\"gives the\",\n \"title\": \"Who Lives, Who Dies, Who Tells Your Story\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8215182\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"The State\\\" and \\\"Wet Hot American Summer\\\", he began infusing spontaneous comedic material with the beat-box-driven musical compositions. He shot comedic web shorts for Superdeluxe, Vimeo and CollegeHumor. In 2006, Watts started to branch out into performing for television and film, while continuing to pursue live performance and the creation of new performance technologies. In 2007, Watts appeared on Plum TV's \\\"Scott Bateman Presents Scott Bateman Presents\\\" and starred in the CollegeHumor internet video \\\"What About Blowjobs?\\\" The video became a viral hit. The same year, he also wrote and performed the theme song for \\\"Penelope Princess of Pets\\\", a\",\n \"title\": \"Reggie Watts\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20241823\",\n \"text\": \"Radio, and has appeared in multiple television shows. She first appeared in a CollegeHumor sketch in July 2015, and left the company at the end of 2016, before returning in late 2017. In June 2018 it was announced that Joss Whedon will be producing a comedy TV series created by Thompson and Rebecca Drysdale to air on Freeform. Siobhan Thompson Siobhan Thompson is a British-American sketch comedian and comedy writer. She is known for her work on the CollegeHumor Originals web series and has appeared in other programs such as Adam Ruins Everything and Broad City. She originally came from\",\n \"title\": \"Siobhan Thompson\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18635127\",\n \"text\": \"partner, Lucia Aniello. Paul W. Downs Paul W. Downs (born November 21, 1981/1982) is an American actor, writer, and director best known for his portrayal of Trey Pucker on the Comedy Central series \\\"Broad City\\\". Paul W. Downs has been creating digital shorts with Lucia Aniello since the pair met in 2007 at the Upright Citizens Brigade. In 2012 they made a web series called \\\"Paulilu Mixtape\\\" for Above Average Productions, a division of Broadway Video. Paul played \\\"Hot Guy\\\" in an episode of the MTV series \\\"The CollegeHumor Show\\\" in 2009. Additional appearances on \\\"CollegeHumor\\\" included parody of the\",\n \"title\": \"Paul W. Downs\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18635124\",\n \"text\": \"Paul W. Downs Paul W. Downs (born November 21, 1981/1982) is an American actor, writer, and director best known for his portrayal of Trey Pucker on the Comedy Central series \\\"Broad City\\\". Paul W. Downs has been creating digital shorts with Lucia Aniello since the pair met in 2007 at the Upright Citizens Brigade. In 2012 they made a web series called \\\"Paulilu Mixtape\\\" for Above Average Productions, a division of Broadway Video. Paul played \\\"Hot Guy\\\" in an episode of the MTV series \\\"The CollegeHumor Show\\\" in 2009. Additional appearances on \\\"CollegeHumor\\\" included parody of the deli scene from\",\n \"title\": \"Paul W. Downs\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18612948\",\n \"text\": \"writer and humorist Nicholas Gurewitch, author of newspaper comic strip \\\"The Perry Bible Fellowship\\\". Dan Gurewitch Daniel \\\"Dan\\\" Gurewitch (; born May 20, 1984) is an American comedian, writer, and actor. He has worked as a senior writer for American comedy website CollegeHumor, and as a writer for the late-night talk and news satire show \\\"Last Week Tonight with John Oliver\\\". A former pupil of Suffern High School, Gurewitch graduated from Newhouse, Syracuse University with a degree in television, radio, and film. From 2006 to 2013, Gurewitch worked as a senior writer for the comedy website CollegeHumor. His work there\",\n \"title\": \"Dan Gurewitch\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15742856\",\n \"text\": \"writing original videos for CollegeHumor with Dan Gurewitch, and has acted in CH Originals, as well as the series \\\"Hardly Working\\\". He has portrayed Woody Allen in episodes of \\\"Hardly Working\\\" and \\\"Very Mary-Kate\\\"—MTV's \\\"Guy Code Blog\\\" listed his among \\\"The 8 Best Woody Allen Impressions We Found On The Internet\\\". His favorite sketch written for CollegeHumor is entitled \\\"Moments Before Cup Chicks\\\", and involves a director briefing the participants of the viral scatological video \\\"2 Girls 1 Cup\\\". Beginning in 2007, he and Streeter Seidell have appeared in the \\\"Prank War\\\" series of videos, in which the two play\",\n \"title\": \"Amir Blumenfeld\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1567667\",\n \"text\": \"In 1993, the Warner Bros. animated television series \\\"Animaniacs\\\"'s first episode, in its first season, included a light spoof of \\\"Goodnight Moon\\\" named \\\"Nighty-Night Toon\\\". The \\\"Goodnight Moon Game\\\", by Briar Patch, is a memory game for very young children. It won a 1998 Parents' Choice Gold Award and a 1999 Oppenheim Toy Portfolio Platinum Award. In 2010, CollegeHumor posted five science fiction spoofs of well-known children's stories, including a mashup of \\\"Goodnight Moon\\\" and Frank Herbert's novel \\\"Dune\\\", entitled \\\"Goodnight Dune\\\"'. In 2011, author Julia Yu adapted the image on CollegeHumor into a full homage of \\\"Moon\\\", also titled\",\n \"title\": \"Goodnight Moon\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15444268\",\n \"text\": \"a video game similar to \\\"Grand Theft Auto V\\\". Although the album was released for free, \\\"Happy Camper\\\" was also made available for download on iTunes peaking at No. 2 on the overall albums chart. On September 29, 2017, he released his third studio album, \\\"The Hype\\\". Hoodie has appeared in four videos with the CollegeHumor team Jake and Amir since March 3, 2011. He made his CollegeHumor debut as Amir's rap teacher in \\\"Jake and Amir / Rap Teacher (With Hoodie Allen)\\\" and returned to that role three more times in videos titled \\\"Jake and Amir / Rap Teacher\",\n \"title\": \"Hoodie Allen\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15069823\",\n \"text\": \"a guest every week to discuss shameful stories of their past, and also includes a fan submitted story, read by a British person. The show has had several other CollegeHumor writers on it, such as Jake Hurwitz, Amir Blumenfeld, and Dan Gurewitch. Streeter Seidell Streeter Seidell (born December 2, 1982) is an American comedian, writer, actor, and TV host. Seidell first gained popularity as part of the cast of \\\"CollegeHumor\\\"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s online skits, although he had written and edited the site's front page before then. He got further attention when his video series \\\"Prank Wars\\\" went viral, garnering tens of millions\",\n \"title\": \"Streeter Seidell\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15002543\",\n \"text\": \"Finally, Chinstrap comes out again doing the \\\"Inception\\\" soundtrack as the episode ends. Upon the episode's release, Dan Gurewitch from the humor website CollegeHumor, noted several similarities between \\\"Insheeption\\\" and his own \\\"Inception\\\" parody video, \\\"Inception Characters Don't Understand Inception\\\", which he had made with David Young and first posted to the CollegeHumor website on July 19, 2010. He discovered that many lines from the \\\"South Park\\\" episode seemed to be lifted almost verbatim from their sketch. Matt Stone later issued an apology, admitting when they had intended to parody the complexity of \\\"Inception\\\", they did not have a copy\",\n \"title\": \"Insheeption\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14472400\",\n \"text\": \"Awkward Comedy Show\\\" with Hannibal Buress, and stand-up comedy featured on the talk shows \\\"Lopez Tonight\\\", \\\"Conan\\\", \\\"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\\\" and \\\"The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson\\\". He has appeared on Comedy Central during \\\"Live at Gotham\\\" and \\\"Russell Simmons Presents \\\"Live at the EL REY\\\"\\\", has starred in various CollegeHumor videos, and has performed stand-up comedy at Collegehumor live. Vaughn also has a philosophy podcast, \\\"Deep S##! with Baron Vaughn\\\". In November 2014, he started another podcast with Leonard Maltin called \\\"Maltin on Movies\\\" on the Wolfpop network, sister network of Earwolf. On November 23, 2015\",\n \"title\": \"Baron Vaughn\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13717293\",\n \"text\": \"born in Connecticut. The son of a Jewish father and a Christian mother, he had a Bar Mitzvah and attended Hebrew school, but also celebrated Christmas and Easter. He attended Hamden Hall Country Day School for high school, and Hunter College and New School University in New York City. In 2005, as the book \\\"The CollegeHumor Guide to College\\\" was nearing completion, Hurwitz began to write a column for the comedy website CollegeHumor while attending school. When he transferred to Hunter College, he became an intern at the company—he summarized his duties saying \\\"I put together desks and microwaved\\\". He\",\n \"title\": \"Jake Hurwitz\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12080976\",\n \"text\": \"back. While working at CollegeHumor, Jake and Amir hosted live events as their characters from \\\"Jake and Amir\\\", including \\\"CollegeHumor Live\\\" at locations such as the UCB Theatre in New York and the University of California, Berkeley. They have also performed in Toronto and London's Soho Theatre with Streeter Seidell in 2013. Though the latter show was sold out and extra dates were added, the performance was poorly received by local media: \\\"The Guardian\\\" Brian Logan said Hurwitz and Blumenfeld \\\"cackle a lot, as they find various ways to repackage tales of puerile behaviour as comedy\\\". In June 2012, at\",\n \"title\": \"Jake and Amir\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12080975\",\n \"text\": \"create them full-time. Hurwitz explains that \\\"Jake and Amir\\\" was never intended to be a series: On October 12, 2011, CollegeHumor released \\\"Jake and Amir: Fired\\\", a thirty-minute episode of \\\"Jake and Amir\\\" that the pair had produced and edited in the previous months, while continuing to release short episodes. Available for purchase on CollegeHumor's website, Facebook, and available on DVD, the special was the company's first paid content. Its plot involves the fictitious new CEO of CollegeHumor, Alan Avery – played by Matt Walton – promoting Jake and firing Amir. Jake and Amir work together to get Amir's job\",\n \"title\": \"Jake and Amir\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12080973\",\n \"text\": \"Jake and Amir's involvement in podcasting lead them to founding HeadGum, a podcast network managing 43 podcasts as of 2018. Jake and Amir left CollegeHumor in 2015 to focus on producing their own content. First trying to land a TV show with TBS and later TruTV, Jake and Amir eventually struck a deal with Vimeo to write and direct the original web series, \\\"Lonely and Horny\\\". In May 2007, Jake and Amir began producing sketch comedy videos for CollegeHumor starring the two of them, a series later dubbed \\\"Jake and Amir\\\". Originally set in New York City and later Los\",\n \"title\": \"Jake and Amir\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19055380\",\n \"text\": \"she began to star on \\\"Very Mary-Kate\\\", a web series she also created and wrote. \\\"Very Mary-Kate\\\" is the \\\"unofficial biography of everyone's favorite Olsen twin,\\\" Mary-Kate Olsen. The series follows Mary-Kate's daily adventures as Carroll portrays Olsen as a \\\"character who's a weak-yet-demanding kitten obsessed with calories, abusing her bodyguard and getting her hands on the good drugs.\\\" The series was originally produced out-of-pocket, but was picked up for its second season by CollegeHumor. The show's fourth and final season premiered on CollegeHumor on January 17, 2013. \\\"Very Mary-Kate\\\" received positive reviews. The Wall Street Journal called the web\",\n \"title\": \"Elaine Carroll\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18869341\",\n \"text\": \"and T-shirt sales. In 2006 Abramson and company sold 51% of Connected Ventures, CollegeHumor's parent company, whose properties include CollegeHumor, Vimeo and BustedTees, to Barry Diller’s IAC/InterActiveCorp for a reported $20 million. Abramson and company created BustedTees in 2004 as a forum to sell T-shirts marketed on CollegeHumor. BustedTees was included in the 2006 sale of Connected Ventures to IAC/InterActiveCorp but in In 2011 Abramson bought the company back and is the current president. Abramson launched TeePublic in March 2013 with the aim of creating a self-sustaining community of T-shirt designers and T-shirt lovers. The T-shirt designs are submitted by\",\n \"title\": \"Josh Abramson\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15742850\",\n \"text\": \"Amir Blumenfeld Amir Shmuel Blumenfeld (; ; born Jan. 18, 1983) is an Israeli-American comedian, actor, writer, television host, and member of the American comedy duo, Jake and Amir. Born in Israel, he moved to Los Angeles when he was two, and was hired by the New York City-based CollegeHumor in 2005. As well as contributing to its books and articles, he has written and starred in original videos for the comedy website—appearing in series such as \\\"Hardly Working\\\" and \\\"Very Mary-Kate\\\"—and was a cast member on its short-lived MTV program \\\"The CollegeHumor Show\\\". Amir first came to national prominence\",\n \"title\": \"Amir Blumenfeld\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15399064\",\n \"text\": \"shown on YouTube. Very Mary-Kate Very Mary-Kate is a web series written/created by Elaine Carroll and directed by Sam Reich. The series consists of 71 episodes, as of January 17, 2013. Each episode runs for approximately 1–4 minutes, featuring comedian Elaine Carroll as Mary-Kate Olsen. The series was originally produced out-of-pocket, but was picked up for its second season by CollegeHumor, allowing Carroll to \\\"pay for lunch for people.\\\" The series premiered January 10, 2010 on Vimeo. The fourth season debuted January 17, 2013 on CollegeHumor and VeryMaryKate.com. According to an interview with The @rcade, Carroll originally used an impression\",\n \"title\": \"Very Mary-Kate\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15399057\",\n \"text\": \"Very Mary-Kate Very Mary-Kate is a web series written/created by Elaine Carroll and directed by Sam Reich. The series consists of 71 episodes, as of January 17, 2013. Each episode runs for approximately 1–4 minutes, featuring comedian Elaine Carroll as Mary-Kate Olsen. The series was originally produced out-of-pocket, but was picked up for its second season by CollegeHumor, allowing Carroll to \\\"pay for lunch for people.\\\" The series premiered January 10, 2010 on Vimeo. The fourth season debuted January 17, 2013 on CollegeHumor and VeryMaryKate.com. According to an interview with The @rcade, Carroll originally used an impression of the Olsen\",\n \"title\": \"Very Mary-Kate\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15069819\",\n \"text\": \"Streeter Seidell Streeter Seidell (born December 2, 1982) is an American comedian, writer, actor, and TV host. Seidell first gained popularity as part of the cast of \\\"CollegeHumor\\\"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s online skits, although he had written and edited the site's front page before then. He got further attention when his video series \\\"Prank Wars\\\" went viral, garnering tens of millions of views and a large amount of mainstream television attention all over the world, which eventually led to a TV-series called \\\"Pranked\\\" on MTV with fellow \\\"CollegeHumor\\\" editor, Amir Blumenfeld. Starting in 2013, Seidell began writing for the ABC sitcom \\\"Trophy Wife\\\".\",\n \"title\": \"Streeter Seidell\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3947855\",\n \"text\": \"are equal if and only if they can be pictured by the same apg. Within this framework, it can be shown that the so-called Quine atom, formally defined by Q={Q}, exists and is unique. Each of the axioms given above extends the universe of the previous, so that: V ⊆ A ⊆ S ⊆ F ⊆ B. In the Boffa universe, the distinct Quine atoms form a proper class. It is worth emphasizing that hyperset theory is an extension of classical set theory rather than a replacement: the well-founded sets within a hyperset domain conform to classical set theory. Aczel’s\",\n \"title\": \"Non-well-founded set theory\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3947853\",\n \"text\": \"next axiom proposal came in a 1960 congress talk of Dana Scott (never published as a paper), proposing an alternative axiom now called SAFA. Another axiom proposed in the late 1960s was Maurice Boffa's axiom of superuniversality, described by Aczel as the highpoint of research of its decade. Boffa's idea was to make foundation fail as badly as it can (or rather, as extensionality permits): Boffa's axiom implies that every extensional set-like relation is isomorphic to the elementhood predicate on a transitive class. A more recent approach to non-well-founded set theory, pioneered by M. Forti and F. Honsell in the\",\n \"title\": \"Non-well-founded set theory\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3947850\",\n \"text\": \"applications until Peter Aczel’s hyperset theory in 1988. The theory of non-well-founded sets has been applied in the logical modelling of non-terminating computational processes in computer science (process algebra and final semantics), linguistics and natural language semantics (situation theory), philosophy (work on the Liar Paradox), and in a different setting, non-standard analysis. In 1917, Dmitry Mirimanoff introduced the concept of well-foundedness of a set: In ZFC, there is no infinite descending ∈-sequence by the axiom of regularity. In fact, the axiom of regularity is often called the \\\"foundation axiom\\\" since it can be proved within ZFC (that is, ZFC without\",\n \"title\": \"Non-well-founded set theory\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15368322\",\n \"text\": \"Studies Centre at University of Oxford. The film has earned praise and criticism from commentators, reformers, and educators. The film is currently used in universities and law schools across the nation. It is in regular use by the Asylum Training Corps in the Department of Homeland Security, as well as hundreds of law offices across the U.S. The New York Times review said “the two-hour documentary by Shari Robertson and Michael Camerini takes an amazingly unflinching look at the process for seeking political asylum in the United States. The viewer who sticks with it ends up rewarded but deeply rattled,\",\n \"title\": \"Well-Founded Fear\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15368318\",\n \"text\": \"to the U.S. A refugee is defined as someone afraid to return home for fear of persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, social group or political opinion. Any foreign citizen who is able to find a path into the U.S. is eligible to apply for refugee protection in the form of political asylum. At the time of filming, the former Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) handled all requests for asylum. Behind the doors of the asylum office lies a dramatic real-life stage where American ideals about human rights collide with the nearly impossible task of trying to know the\",\n \"title\": \"Well-Founded Fear\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16737617\",\n \"text\": \"of a new free, secular and democratic Iran. The Confederation of Iranian Students (CIS) was founded by Amir Abbas Fakhravar, Arzhang Davoodi, \\\"Peyman Aref\\\" and \\\"Helia Honarmand\\\" and \\\"Roza Radbeh\\\" after the July 9, 1999 student uprising in Iran. The name of this organization was Independent Student Movement first and in July 2005 it was changed to Confederation of Iranian Students (CIS) . CIS claims to have over 10,000 members, with student Federations in Iran, the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Italy, Canada, Japan, Malaysia, Austria, and Turkey. It is the largest International Iranian student movement\",\n \"title\": \"Confederation of Iranian Students (founded 2009)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16737616\",\n \"text\": \"Confederation of Iranian Students (founded 2009) The Confederation of Iranian Students (CIS) , is a pro-western, Iranian student organization with more than 10,000 members inside Iran and abroad. Its principal objective is to empower the will and confidence of the Iranian people in their quest for freedom. It reaches out to students through social, cultural, artistic, literary, and sports activities. CIS works to promote freedom, human rights and democracy in Iran. The Confederation educates the public, organizes, and mobilizes grass-root support in the United States, Europe, and Iran to promote freedom of expression, press, and religion – the constitutional foundations\",\n \"title\": \"Confederation of Iranian Students (founded 2009)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6817051\",\n \"text\": \"Nichigai WHO Nichigai WHO, organized by Nichigai Associates, is a searchable database of over 300,000 historical and contemporary figures. The database was created to facilitate research related to publishers, mass communications, research institutes, libraries, and freelancers. Nichigai Associates (日外アソシエーツ株式会社) was founded in 1965. Its purpose has been to facilitate the acquisition of accurate information. In 1969, Nichigai Associates started a technical information retrieval service and began publishing the encyclopedias, indices, and directories. Following the current digitalization, its main service has been various online databases, such as WHO series, MAGAZINEPLUS and BOOKPLUS, among others. The databases focus on providing the information\",\n \"title\": \"Nichigai WHO\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6953873\",\n \"text\": \"and later the Friends of \\\"Doctor Who\\\". FDW ended unceremoniously in the mid-1990s, and since then, American \\\"Doctor Who\\\" fandom has been served mostly through local fan clubs. The \\\"Doctor Who\\\" Information Network (DWIN) was founded in Canada in 1980 and continues to serve fans in North America. It was one of the first \\\"Doctor Who\\\" clubs in North America, and is the longest running Doctor Who club on the continent. DWIN supports the monthly Toronto Tavern fan gatherings. DWIN also sponsored several local chapters throughout Canada. Also in Canada is the \\\"Doctor Who\\\" Society of Canada (DWSC), a social\",\n \"title\": \"Doctor Who fandom\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9656225\",\n \"text\": \"an in-game internet service provider. In the video, his name is Kyle Dierkes. He and fellow Derrick member DC Pierson also appeared in the CH: LIVE video series for CollegeHumor. Dierkes was a staff writer for the animated show \\\"Allen Gregory\\\" created by and starring Jonah Hill. DC Pierson has published a novel entitled \\\"The Boy Who Couldn't Sleep and Never Had To\\\". He hosted New York University's Ultra Violet Live Talent Competition in 2010 Pierson also appeared in a 2012 Allstate Insurance commercial. Both Dierkes and Pierson also appeared in the Showtime series \\\"Weeds\\\". Bobby Moynihan, who appeared in\",\n \"title\": \"Derrick Comedy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7750990\",\n \"text\": \"Dr. Perry Cox reacts to a patient who says that a Wikipedia article indicates that the raw food diet reverses the effects of bone cancer by retorting that the same editor who wrote that article also wrote the \\\"Battlestar Galactica\\\" episode guide. In 2008, the comedic website \\\"CollegeHumor\\\" produced a video sketch named \\\"Professor Wikipedia\\\", in which the fictitious Professor Wikipedia instructs a class with a medley of unverifiable and occasionally absurd statements. The \\\"Dilbert\\\" comic strip from May 8, 2009, features a character supporting an improbable claim by saying \\\"Give me ten minutes and then check Wikipedia.\\\" In July\",\n \"title\": \"Wikipedia\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20333829\",\n \"text\": \"Perrault came up with the idea for the show in early 2016 and subsequently pitched it to Netflix, which agreed to distribute the show after being assured that the show would be \\\"more than just a dick joke sketch.\\\" Yacenda and Perrault, who had previously worked on short-form videos for outlets such as Funny or Die and CollegeHumor, were joined by showrunner Dan Lagana, who had most recently worked on the television series \\\"Deadbeat\\\". Lagana took charge of hiring writers for the show, choosing individuals with relatively little experience in writing for television. The creators developed the central mystery in\",\n \"title\": \"American Vandal\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15394024\",\n \"text\": \"Paul Brittain also exited abruptly halfway through the season, making his final appearance on January 14, 2012. This season saw several new writers. CollegeHumor writer Sarah Schneider was added to the writing staff, after serving as a guest writer for the last five episodes of season 36. Also added were Chris Kelly, who previously wrote for \\\"Funny or Die\\\" and \\\"The Onion News Network\\\"; Zach Kanin, who worked on the \\\"Harvard Lampoon\\\"; and Peter Schultz, a performer from the Upright Citizens Brigade Theater. The season saw the deaths of three former \\\"SNL\\\" writers. Nelson Lyon died at the age of\",\n \"title\": \"Saturday Night Live (season 37)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6953872\",\n \"text\": \"Zerinza the club fanzine, until 1986. In the 1990s the club was renamed several times, today being the \\\"Doctor Who\\\" Club of Australia (or DWCA) which publishes a newsletter, \\\"Data Extract\\\". In the 1980s, some US fans staged \\\"Save \\\"Doctor Who\\\"\\\" publicity campaigns, trying to urge their local television stations to keep airing the show. The North American \\\"Doctor Who\\\" Appreciation Society was founded in the 1980s and served as an umbrella organisation for dozens of local fan groups throughout the continent. Its demise in the early 1980s led to the foundation of the \\\"Doctor Who\\\" Fan Club of America,\",\n \"title\": \"Doctor Who fandom\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6953871\",\n \"text\": \"Flaming Carrot leads a combined group of Trekkies and Whovians into rebellion. \\\"Doctor Who\\\" fans in Britain have had a formally recognised organisation – the Doctor Who Appreciation Society (or DWAS) – since the late 70s. It has thousands of members and enjoyed an ongoing relationship with the classic series and later with BBC Worldwide. The Australasian \\\"Doctor Who\\\" Fan Club was founded soon after DWAS, in 1976, to galvanise resistance to the decision of the Australian Broadcasting Commission to cease broadcasting the Doctor Who series (and was ultimately successful in having the decision overturned). The club president also edited\",\n \"title\": \"Doctor Who fandom\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17937150\",\n \"text\": \"and streamed the event on YouTube Live. Who What Wear Who What Wear is a Los Angeles, California-based fashion brand that produces trend reports, celebrity style guides, wardrobe how-tos, and fashion news. The company also sells a line of fashion apparel and accessories in cooperation with Target Corporation, and publishes fashion books under the Who What Wear brand. Founded in 2006, the company is owned by Los Angeles fashion company Clique Brands. Who What Wear was launched in 2006 by former Elle Magazine West Coast editor Katherine Power and Elle contributor Hillary Kerr. The business began as a simple daily\",\n \"title\": \"Who What Wear\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17937148\",\n \"text\": \"Who What Wear Who What Wear is a Los Angeles, California-based fashion brand that produces trend reports, celebrity style guides, wardrobe how-tos, and fashion news. The company also sells a line of fashion apparel and accessories in cooperation with Target Corporation, and publishes fashion books under the Who What Wear brand. Founded in 2006, the company is owned by Los Angeles fashion company Clique Brands. Who What Wear was launched in 2006 by former Elle Magazine West Coast editor Katherine Power and Elle contributor Hillary Kerr. The business began as a simple daily fashion eNewsletter and blog, with posts about\",\n \"title\": \"Who What Wear\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14616854\",\n \"text\": \"Doctor Who Online Doctor Who Online (abbreviated to DWO by its users) is a UK-based news, information, and forum site dedicated to the British science fiction television programme \\\"Doctor Who\\\". The website was created by actor, writer, director and Science Fiction fan Sebastian J. Brook. The site was founded as \\\"Doctor Who: The REGENERATIVE website\\\" in 1996 as a site for fans to find out news and guides for the show whilst it was off the air. A review of the website by BBC Radio 2's Miles Mendoza described it as 'one of the most popular and longest established [Doctor\",\n \"title\": \"Doctor Who Online\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["josh abramson","ricky van veen"],"string":"[\n \"josh abramson\",\n \"ricky van veen\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":597,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"where did barack obama attend school?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"11719442","text":"reunite him with his stepfather. In 1971, Obama returned to Honolulu to attend Punahou School, from which he graduated in 1979 As a young adult, Obama moved to the contiguous United States, where he was educated at Occidental College, Columbia University, and Harvard Law School. In Chicago, Obama worked at various times as a community organizer, lawyer, Lecturer and Senior Lecturer of constitutional law at the University of Chicago Law School in the city's South Side, and later published his memoir \"Dreams from My Father\" before beginning his political career in 1997 as a member of the Illinois Senate. Barack","title":"Early life and career of Barack Obama"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11719442\",\n \"text\": \"reunite him with his stepfather. In 1971, Obama returned to Honolulu to attend Punahou School, from which he graduated in 1979 As a young adult, Obama moved to the contiguous United States, where he was educated at Occidental College, Columbia University, and Harvard Law School. In Chicago, Obama worked at various times as a community organizer, lawyer, Lecturer and Senior Lecturer of constitutional law at the University of Chicago Law School in the city's South Side, and later published his memoir \\\"Dreams from My Father\\\" before beginning his political career in 1997 as a member of the Illinois Senate. Barack\",\n \"title\": \"Early life and career of Barack Obama\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"11664619","text":"Barack Obama Sr. Barack Hussein Obama Sr. (; 18 June 1936 – 24 November 1982) was a Kenyan senior governmental economist and the father of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States. He is a central figure of his son's memoir, \"Dreams from My Father\" (1995). Obama married in 1954 and had two children with his first wife, Kezia. He was selected for a special program to attend college in the United States and studied at the University of Hawaii. There, Obama met Stanley Ann Dunham, whom he married in 1961, and with whom he had a son,","title":"Barack Obama Sr."},{"psg_id":"11664639","text":"his native village of Nyang'oma Kogelo, Siaya District. His funeral was attended by ministers Robert Ouko, Peter Oloo-Aringo, and other prominent political figures. Barack Obama Sr. Barack Hussein Obama Sr. (; 18 June 1936 – 24 November 1982) was a Kenyan senior governmental economist and the father of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States. He is a central figure of his son's memoir, \"Dreams from My Father\" (1995). Obama married in 1954 and had two children with his first wife, Kezia. He was selected for a special program to attend college in the United States and studied","title":"Barack Obama Sr."},{"psg_id":"11664624","text":"was subjected to beatings and abuse that left him with physical scars and a loathing of the British. David Maraniss' 2012 biography of President Barack Obama states that his grandfather Obama did not participate in the insurrections; nor was he ever imprisoned by the British during the uprising. He continued to be trusted by white Kenyans. When Obama (Sr.) was about six years old and attending a Christian missionary school, he converted from Islam to Anglicanism when strongly encouraged by the staff. He changed his name from \"Baraka\" to \"Barack.\" Obama (Sr.) later became an atheist, believing that religion was","title":"Barack Obama Sr."},{"psg_id":"12045041","text":"States in October 1963 when he was 17 years old as part of Kenya president Tom Mboya's Airlift Africa project, to send promising Kenyan students to the US for education, particularly undergraduate and graduate school. Once he arrived in the country, his half-brother, Barack Obama Sr., found him a place at a boys' school then known as Browne & Nichols, in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He later dropped out of school and changed his name to O. Onyango Obama. He has operated a liquor store in Framingham, where he resided as of March 2011. Barack Obama lived with Onyango in the 1980s","title":"Family of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"11664620","text":"Barack II. She divorced him three years later. The elder Obama later went to Harvard University for graduate school, where he earned an M.A. in economics, and returned to Kenya in 1964. He saw his son Barack once more, when he was about ten. In late 1964, Obama Sr. married Ruth Beatrice Baker, a Jewish-American woman whom he had met in Massachusetts. They had two sons together before separating in 1971 and divorcing in 1973. Obama first worked for an oil company, before beginning work as an economist with the Kenyan Ministry of Transport. He gained a promotion to senior","title":"Barack Obama Sr."},{"psg_id":"15883986","text":"if the sport is not available at Barack Obama. Barack Obama Male Leadership Academy Barack Obama Male Leadership Academy at B.F. Darrell (BOMLA) is a magnet secondary school for boys located in the Oak Cliff area of Dallas, Texas. It is a part of the Dallas Independent School District. After the Irma Lerma Rangel Young Women's Leadership School, it is DISD's second single gender school. The school, which occupies the campus of the former B.F. Darrell Elementary School, is named after former President of the United States Barack Obama, in honor of the fact that he was the first black","title":"Barack Obama Male Leadership Academy"},{"psg_id":"17311850","text":"for the 2015-16 school year as North II, Group I for most athletic competition purposes, which included schools with an enrollment of 12 to 467 students in that grade range. Core members of the school's administration are: Barack Obama Green Charter High School Barack Obama Green Charter High School is a charter high school that serves students in ninth through twelfth grades in Plainfield, Union County, New Jersey, United States, that focuses on education in the field of Sustainability and Leadership. The school operates on a charter granted by the New Jersey Department of Education. The charter for the school","title":"Barack Obama Green Charter High School"},{"psg_id":"17311848","text":"Barack Obama Green Charter High School Barack Obama Green Charter High School is a charter high school that serves students in ninth through twelfth grades in Plainfield, Union County, New Jersey, United States, that focuses on education in the field of Sustainability and Leadership. The school operates on a charter granted by the New Jersey Department of Education. The charter for the school was approved in September 2009, as part of an announcement by Governor Jon Corzine of eight charter schools granted by the state in that cycle. After receiving approval from city's Board of Adjustment, the school opened in","title":"Barack Obama Green Charter High School"},{"psg_id":"16107275","text":"Bill 55, which designated August 4 as Barack Obama Day but did not make it an official state holiday. The bill passed both houses of the Illinois General Assembly with no votes against, and was signed into law by Illinois Governor Bruce Rauner on August 4, 2017. The bill amended the State Commemorative Dates Act to include a new section: Barack Obama Day. August 4th of each year is designated as Barack Obama Day, to be observed throughout the State as a day set apart to honor the 44th President of the United States of America who began his career","title":"Barack Obama Day"},{"psg_id":"17311849","text":"September 2010. As of the 2015-16 school year, the school had an enrollment of 227 students and 15.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 15.1:1. There were 151 students (66.5% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 23 (10.1% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch. The school is named for former U.S. President Barack Obama. The Barack Obama Green Charter High School Hornets play independently of any conference in play under the auspices of the New Jersey State Interscholastic Athletic Association (NJSIAA). With 195 students in grades 10-12, the school was classified by the NJSIAA","title":"Barack Obama Green Charter High School"},{"psg_id":"20610822","text":"use of bushes in the portrait. President Barack Obama (painting) President Barack Obama is a 2018 portrait of Barack Obama by the artist Kehinde Wiley for the National Portrait Gallery. In October 2017, it was announced that Wiley had been chosen by Barack Obama to paint an official portrait of the former president to appear in Smithsonian's National Portrait Gallery \"America's Presidents\" exhibition. The painting depicts Obama sitting in a chair seemingly floating among foliage. The foliage is described by the author as \"chrysanthemums (the official flower of Chicago), jasmine (symbolic of Hawaii where the president spent most of his","title":"President Barack Obama (painting)"},{"psg_id":"20610818","text":"President Barack Obama (painting) President Barack Obama is a 2018 portrait of Barack Obama by the artist Kehinde Wiley for the National Portrait Gallery. In October 2017, it was announced that Wiley had been chosen by Barack Obama to paint an official portrait of the former president to appear in Smithsonian's National Portrait Gallery \"America's Presidents\" exhibition. The painting depicts Obama sitting in a chair seemingly floating among foliage. The foliage is described by the author as \"chrysanthemums (the official flower of Chicago), jasmine (symbolic of Hawaii where the president spent most of his childhood) and African blue lilies (alluding","title":"President Barack Obama (painting)"},{"psg_id":"16945946","text":"Secretary Steven Chu was chosen as the designated survivor and did not attend the speech. The 2010 State of the Union Address was given by United States President Barack Obama on January 27, 2010, to a joint session of Congress. It was aired on all the major networks starting at 9 pm ET. It was Obama's first State of the Union Address, though the president did give a non-State of the Union address to a joint session of Congress a month after taking office in 2009. The speech was delivered in the United States House of Representatives in the United","title":"Speeches of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"13806715","text":"Barack Obama \"Joker\" poster The Barack Obama \"Joker\" poster is a digitally manipulated image of United States President Barack Obama, designed by Firas Alkhateeb in January 2009, that was adopted by some critics of the Obama administration and described as the most famous anti-Obama image. The image portrays Obama as comic book supervillain the Joker, based on the portrayal by Heath Ledger in \"The Dark Knight\" (2008). Alkhateeb has said the image was not intended to make a political statement. He uploaded the image to the photo-sharing website Flickr, from where it was downloaded by an unknown individual who added","title":"Barack Obama \"Joker\" poster"},{"psg_id":"15883981","text":"Barack Obama Male Leadership Academy Barack Obama Male Leadership Academy at B.F. Darrell (BOMLA) is a magnet secondary school for boys located in the Oak Cliff area of Dallas, Texas. It is a part of the Dallas Independent School District. After the Irma Lerma Rangel Young Women's Leadership School, it is DISD's second single gender school. The school, which occupies the campus of the former B.F. Darrell Elementary School, is named after former President of the United States Barack Obama, in honor of the fact that he was the first black President. The former Darrell Vanguard campus was renovated until","title":"Barack Obama Male Leadership Academy"},{"psg_id":"20774985","text":"station was briefly announced to have been renamed \"Trump Plaza\", as an April fools joke. In addition to fuel supplies it includes a variety of food outlets including Supermac's, Papa John's Pizza, Mac's Place, Bewleys coffee and a Spar store. The Barack Obama Plaza also includes a visitor centre that provides information on President Obama’s family connections in Moneygall where his great-great-great-grandfather lived. Barack Obama Plaza Barack Obama Plaza (Moneygall services), is an off line service area, at Junction 23 of the M7 on the outskirts of the village of Moneygall on the border of Counties Tipperary and Offaly in","title":"Barack Obama Plaza"},{"psg_id":"2826745","text":"was mostly of English descent, with some German, Irish, Scottish, Swiss, and Welsh ancestry. His father, Barack Obama Sr. (1936–1982), was a Luo Kenyan man from Nyang'oma Kogelo. Obama's parents met in 1960 in a Russian language class at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, where his father was a foreign student on a scholarship. The couple married in Wailuku, Hawaii on February 2, 1961, six months before Obama was born. In late August 1961 (only a few weeks after he was born), Barack and his mother moved to the University of Washington in Seattle, where they lived for a","title":"Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12045055","text":"Verdelle Robinson; August 22, 1930 – April 16, 2000), was a sister of Michelle Obama's paternal grandfather, Fraser Robinson Jr. He is 12 years older, and Funnye and Obama grew to know each other as adults in Chicago, where both were involved in community organizing, along with Barack Obama. He is one of America's most prominent African-American rabbis, known for acting as a bridge between mainstream Jewry and African American Jews. He converted to Judaism after 1970, during years of activism when he regarded Christianity as having been imposed on slaves. Family of Barack Obama The family of Barack Obama,","title":"Family of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"16945943","text":"$787 billion American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 as well as the Troubled Assets Relief Program, the state of the economy, and the future of the country. Attorney General Eric Holder was the designated survivor and did not attend the address in order to maintain a continuity of government. He was sequestered at a secret secure location for the duration of the event. \"A New Beginning\" is the name of a speech delivered by United States President Barack Obama on June 4, 2009, from the Major Reception Hall at Cairo University in Egypt. Al-Azhar University co-hosted the event. The","title":"Speeches of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"2826746","text":"year. During that time, the elder Obama completed his undergraduate degree in economics in Hawaii, graduating in June 1962. He then left to attend graduate school on a scholarship at Harvard University, where he earned an M.A. in economics. Obama's parents divorced in March 1964. Obama Sr. returned to Kenya in 1964, where he married for a third time and worked for the Kenyan government as the Senior Economic Analyst in the Ministry of Finance. . He visited his son in Hawaii only once, at Christmas time in 1971, before he was killed in an automobile accident in 1982, when","title":"Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12045023","text":"of his father, daughter of Hussein Onyango and his second wife, Habiba Akumu Obama. (She should not be confused with her stepmother Sarah Onyango Obama, also often called just Sarah Obama, the third wife of Onyango.) Barack Obama Sr., Barack Obama's father, was the son of Onyango and his second wife Habiba Akumu Obama. Educated in the US at the University of Hawai'i and Harvard University, he returned to Kenya, where he became an economist with the government. He served in the ministries of transportation and finance. Obama Sr. was married a total of three times, and he fathered a","title":"Family of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"14114976","text":"Barack Obama Academy of International Studies 6-12 The Barack Obama Academy of International Studies, also known as Pittsburgh Obama 6-12, is a public school in the East Liberty neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The school is named in honor of Former President Barack Obama who served as 44th President of the United States. Pittsburgh Obama is an International Baccalaureate school which was created when the Pittsburgh Public Schools combined Frick Middle School and Schenley High School. As of the 2017-2018 school year, Pittsburgh Obama is located in the former Peabody High School building. Before that, it was housed in the former","title":"Barack Obama Academy of International Studies 6-12"},{"psg_id":"12966525","text":"the face. Barack Obama is the subject of graphic novel \"Barack Hussein Obama\" by Steven Weissman. In this, President Obama and his cast of characters (Secretary Clinton, VP Joe Biden, his family) experience life in a parallel universe. Barack Obama has also appeared in Archie Comics Veronica #199, and Archie #616 and #617. President Obama was in the Flashpoint Storyline of DC comics of 2011. He discusses the earth members of The Green Lantern Corp with Amanda Waller. Barack Obama in comics Barack Obama has appeared as a character in comic books published by a number of publishing companies, sometimes","title":"Barack Obama in comics"},{"psg_id":"12966521","text":"Barack Obama in comics Barack Obama has appeared as a character in comic books published by a number of publishing companies, sometimes appearing as a realistic fictionalized version of himself and sometimes as a spoof. Obama made his first appearance as a comic book character in July 2007 in \"Licensable BearTM\" No. 4 by Nat Gertler, where he appeared as a U.S. Senator. The comic only had a print-run of 1,050 issues. A year later, in September 2008, Obama appeared in Erik Larsen’s \"Savage Dragon\" No. 137. This issue featured a variant cover which showed Obama with the Savage Dragon,","title":"Barack Obama in comics"},{"psg_id":"14114977","text":"Reizenstein Middle School building for three years. The school is noted for its heavy involvement in the Pennsylvania YMCA Youth and Government program. As of October 1, 2017: Barack Obama Academy of International Studies 6-12 The Barack Obama Academy of International Studies, also known as Pittsburgh Obama 6-12, is a public school in the East Liberty neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The school is named in honor of Former President Barack Obama who served as 44th President of the United States. Pittsburgh Obama is an International Baccalaureate school which was created when the Pittsburgh Public Schools combined Frick Middle School and","title":"Barack Obama Academy of International Studies 6-12"},{"psg_id":"12223563","text":"in favor of Obama, 6% in favor of McCain). The only country surveyed (other than the U.S.) where McCain's popularity rivaled Obama's was Jordan, where 22% were in favor of Obama and 23% in favor of McCain. Obama scored higher approval ratings in all 70 countries covered in an October 2008 Gallup poll, with the most favorable scores coming from Asian and European countries. In 2007, Christoph von Marschall wrote a book entitled \"Barack Obama – Der schwarze Kennedy\". The literal translation of its German title is \"Barack Obama. The Black Kennedy\". His book was a best seller in Germany,","title":"Public image of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12772926","text":"called Kapi'olani Medical Center for Women & Children) in Honolulu, Hawaii, to Ann Dunham, from Wichita, Kansas, and her husband Barack Obama Sr., a Luo from Nyang'oma Kogelo, Nyanza Province (in what was then the Colony and Protectorate of Kenya), who was attending the University of Hawaii. Birth notices for Barack Obama were published in \"The Honolulu Advertiser\" on August 13 and the \"Honolulu Star-Bulletin\" on August 14, 1961. Obama's father's immigration file also clearly states Barack Obama was born in Hawaii. One of his high school teachers, who was acquainted with his mother at the time, remembered hearing about","title":"Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories"},{"psg_id":"16107276","text":"serving the People of Illinois in both the Illinois State Senate and the United States Senate, and dedicated his life to protecting the rights of Americans and building bridges across communities. Since the United States presidential election of 2008, Obama Day is celebrated annually on November 6 in Kenya, the country from which President Obama's father originated. Barack Obama Day Barack Obama Day refers to two days of recognition in the United States in honor of Barack Obama, who served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017. The State of Illinois celebrates the commemorative holiday","title":"Barack Obama Day"},{"psg_id":"16107273","text":"Barack Obama Day Barack Obama Day refers to two days of recognition in the United States in honor of Barack Obama, who served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017. The State of Illinois celebrates the commemorative holiday every August 4, which is Obama's birthday, beginning in 2018. Obama was a member of the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004 and represented the state in the United States Senate from 2005 to 2008 before becoming president. Similar to other commemorative holidays, it is not a legal state holiday, meaning workplaces are not closed on the","title":"Barack Obama Day"},{"psg_id":"11719441","text":"Early life and career of Barack Obama Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States, was born on August 4, 1961 in Honolulu, Hawaii to Barack Obama, Sr. (1936–1982) (born in Rachuonyo District, British Kenya) and Stanley Ann Dunham, known as Ann (1942–1995) (born in Wichita, Kansas, United States). Barack Obama spent most of his childhood years in Honolulu, where his mother attended the University of Hawaii at Manoa. Obama started a close relationship with his maternal grandparents. In 1965, his mother remarried to Lolo Soetoro from Indonesia. Two years later, Dunham took Obama with her to Indonesia to","title":"Early life and career of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"11795102","text":"Hampshire University (2007), Howard University (2007), and Wesleyan University (2008). The audiobook edition of \"Dreams from My Father\" earned Obama the Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album in 2006. He won the award a second time in 2008 for the spoken word edition of \"The Audacity of Hope\". A school in Obama's father's hometown, which the senator visited on his 2006 Kenya trip, was renamed the Senator Barack Obama Primary School. United States Senate career of Barack Obama The United States Senate career of Barack Obama began on January 3, 2005 and ended on November 16, 2008. He resigned","title":"United States Senate career of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12621180","text":"Barack Obama assassination plot in Tennessee The Barack Obama assassination plot in Tennessee was a plot by Paul Schlesselman and Daniel Cowart to assassinate Barack Obama, who was then the 2008 Democratic Party presidential nominee. The two men, both Neo-Nazis, spoke of killing Obama during a planned murder spree of 88 African Americans in Tennessee, many of whom were young students at an unidentified, predominantly black school. Schlesselman and Cowart were arrested on October 22, 2008, and found to be in possession of several weapons. The men told authorities of their planned assassination and killing spree, and said they intended","title":"Barack Obama assassination plot in Tennessee"},{"psg_id":"12045036","text":"accomplished pianist and has performed in concert.In 2009, Mark Ndesandjo published a semi-autobiographical novel, \"Nairobi to Shenzhen: A Novel of Love in the East\". He published a memoir in 2013, entitled, \"Cultures: My Odyssey of Self-Discovery\". In it, he accused their father Barack Sr. of abuse. Barack Obama's half-brother (also known as David Opiyo Obama), son of Barack Obama Sr. and his third wife, Ruth Baker, an American. He died in a motorcycle accident several years after his father's death in a car accident. Youngest half-brother of Barack Obama, born c. 1982, son of Barack Obama Sr. and Jael Otieno.","title":"Family of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"20104026","text":"to shoal waters in close proximity to the proposed two-way route where the consequences of a grounding could be particularly severe. The Coast Guard received several public comments that identified this area as being of particularly high concern.\" Arctic policy of Barack Obama see also: Northern Bering Sea Climate Resilience Area, Presidency of Barack Obama Early on in his campaign, former President Barack Obama made it clear that climate change was a priority for his administration. Soon after becoming President Elect in November 2008, he reiterated this positing stating: “Now is the time to confront this challenge once and for","title":"Arctic policy of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12045024","text":"daughter and at least four sons in addition to Barack II. Aunt of U.S. President Barack Obama and younger sister of his father, born to Hussein Onyango and second wife Habiba Akumu Obama. She is the sole surviving full sibling of Barack Obama Sr. Sarah Onyango Obama was the third wife of Obama's paternal grandfather. She is known for short as Sarah Obama; she is sometimes referred to as Sarah Ogwel, Sarah Hussein Obama, or Sarah Anyango Obama. She lives in Nyang'oma Kogelo village, 30 miles west of western Kenya's main town, Kisumu, on the edge of Lake Victoria. (She","title":"Family of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"11719472","text":"in the Illinois state Senate and attended Louis Farrakhan's Million Man March in Washington, DC. Early life and career of Barack Obama Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States, was born on August 4, 1961 in Honolulu, Hawaii to Barack Obama, Sr. (1936–1982) (born in Rachuonyo District, British Kenya) and Stanley Ann Dunham, known as Ann (1942–1995) (born in Wichita, Kansas, United States). Barack Obama spent most of his childhood years in Honolulu, where his mother attended the University of Hawaii at Manoa. Obama started a close relationship with his maternal grandparents. In 1965, his mother remarried to","title":"Early life and career of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"16892954","text":"States Capitol on January 21, Associate Justice Sotomayor administered the oath to Vice President Joe Biden, and then Chief Justice Roberts administered the Presidential oath to President Barack Obama minutes after Vice President Biden received his oath. At the public inaugural ceremony, Vice President Biden was sworn in using the Biden family Bible, while President Obama was sworn in using two Bibles owned by Abraham Lincoln and Martin Luther King Jr. President Obama became the 17th U.S. president to be re-elected for a second term of office. After Barack Obama had recited the oath of office, where Obama had placed","title":"Second inauguration of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12649020","text":"Obama left office, historians expressed various opinions about his effectiveness as president, with many noting that subsequent events would determine his ultimate legacy. There was universal agreement that Obama would long be remembered as the first African-American president. Many noted that Obama presided over an economic recovery and passed major domestic legislation, but failed to bridge a partisan divide and left office with his party in a weakened state. Presidency of Barack Obama The presidency of Barack Obama began at noon EST on January 20, 2009, when Barack Obama was inaugurated as the 44th President of the United States, and","title":"Presidency of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12045045","text":"complications caused by cancer and respiratory problems. Half-uncle of Barack Obama, born c. 1950s in Nyang'oma Kogelo; son of Onyango and his third wife Sarah Obama. Half-uncle of Barack Obama, born c. 1950s in Nyang'oma Kogelo; son of Onyango and his third wife Sarah Obama. Barack Obama has called his wife Michelle Obama \"the most quintessentially American woman I know.\" Her family is of African-American heritage, descendants of Africans and Europeans of the colonial era and antebellum eras. Michelle Obama's family history traces from colonists and slavery in the South to Reconstruction to the Great Migration to northern cities, in","title":"Family of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"20774984","text":"Barack Obama Plaza Barack Obama Plaza (Moneygall services), is an off line service area, at Junction 23 of the M7 on the outskirts of the village of Moneygall on the border of Counties Tipperary and Offaly in Ireland. The plaza was opened for business in June 2014 and is accessed using the existing junction 23 slip roads. It is named after US president Barack Obama, whose 3rd great grandfather lived nearby. The ancestor was reportedly Falmouth Kearney, who emigrated to the US in 1850. The service station cost 7 million euros to construct, and opened in 2014. In 2017 the","title":"Barack Obama Plaza"},{"psg_id":"12045033","text":"to Kezia Obama. In \"Dreams from My Father,\" Obama wrote that his Obama relatives doubt that Abo and Bernard are the biological sons of Barack Obama, Sr. Abo manages a mobile phone shop in Kenya. Born Ruth Beatrice Baker in the United States around 1937, the daughter of Maurice Joseph Baker and Ida Baker of Newton, Massachusetts, who are of Lithuanian Jewish descent. Ruth Baker was a 1954 graduate of Brookline High School in Brookline, Massachusetts, and a 1958 graduate of Simmons College in Boston with a degree in business. She was a suburban elementary school teacher when she met","title":"Family of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"11795066","text":"record the race of drivers they stopped. In February 2002, Obama introduced SB 1789, which would have adopted instant-runoff voting (IRV) for congressional and state primary elections in Illinois and authorized IRV for local elections, although it did not ultimately pass. He resigned from the Illinois Senate in November 2004 following his election to the U.S. Senate. Illinois Senate career of Barack Obama Barack Obama served three terms in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004, when he was elected to the United States Senate. During this part of his career, Obama continued teaching constitutional law part time at the","title":"Illinois Senate career of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12648888","text":"Presidency of Barack Obama The presidency of Barack Obama began at noon EST on January 20, 2009, when Barack Obama was inaugurated as the 44th President of the United States, and ended on January 20, 2017. Obama, a Democrat, took office following a decisive victory over Republican John McCain in the 2008 presidential election. Four years later, in the 2012 election, he defeated Republican Mitt Romney to win re-election. He was the first African American president, the first multiracial president, the first non-white president, and the first president to have been born in Hawaii. Obama was succeeded by Republican Donald","title":"Presidency of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12772930","text":"\"Barry\" rather than \"Barack\"; and that Barack Obama Sr. was not his biological father, as well as the rumor that Barack Obama was not a natural-born citizen. In August 2008, Philip J. Berg, a former member of the Democratic State Committee of Pennsylvania, brought an unsuccessful lawsuit against Obama, which alleged \"that Obama was born in Mombasa, Kenya.\" In October 2008, an NPR article referred to \"Kenyan-born Sen. Barack Obama.\" Also that month, anonymous e-mails circulated claiming that the Associated Press (AP) had reported Obama was \"Kenyan-Born\". The claims were based on an AP story that had appeared five years","title":"Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories"},{"psg_id":"12045028","text":"son of Barack Obama Sr. and his first wife, Kezia. Malik Obama was born and raised in Nairobi, Kenya. He earned a degree in accounting from the University of Nairobi. The half brothers met for the first time in 1985 when Barack flew from Chicago to Washington, D.C., to visit Malik. Malik and his half-brother Barack were best men at each other's weddings. Barack Obama brought his wife Michelle to Kenya three years later, and they met with Malik again while meeting many other relatives for the first time. He lives in the Obamas' ancestral home, Nyang'oma Kogelo, a village","title":"Family of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"17837291","text":"Barack Obama Presidential Center The Barack Obama Presidential Center is the planned presidential center of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States. It will be located in Jackson Park on the South Side of Chicago, near the University of Chicago campus. The university provides planning, support, engagement and programming. Included within the center's plans is a new branch for the Chicago Public Library. The nonprofit Obama Foundation will oversee the center's creation and its campus' construction, and partner with the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) to digitize the presidency records. In August 2018, the Chicago Park District","title":"Barack Obama Presidential Center"},{"psg_id":"12923474","text":"Barack Obama \"Hope\" poster The Barack Obama \"Hope\" poster is an image of Barack Obama designed by artist Shepard Fairey, which was widely described as iconic and came to represent his 2008 presidential campaign. It consists of a stylized stencil portrait of Obama in solid red, beige and (light and dark) blue, with the word \"progress\", \"hope\" or \"change\" below (and other words in some versions). The design was created in one day and printed first as a poster. Fairey sold 290 of the posters on the street immediately after printing them. It was then more widely distributed—both as a","title":"Barack Obama \"Hope\" poster"},{"psg_id":"12045021","text":"Obama. The word \"mzee\" (meaning \"elder\") is a Kenyan honorific. And to this day the Obama family in Kenya is divided between Seventh-day Adventists and Muslims. Also known as Akumu Nyanjoga and Sje. She was Barack Obama's paternal grandmother, and the second wife of Hussein Onyango Obama. She had three children with Onyango: daughters Sarah and Auma, and son Barack (Barack Obama's father). Her father was named Njango or Njoga, and she was born and raised in the Western Kenyan village of Karabondi. In his memoir \"Dreams from My Father,\" Obama wrote that Akumu was miserable in her marriage and","title":"Family of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12772988","text":"I would do in the first debate is offer my birth certificate, so we can get that off the table.\" Previously on \"Good Morning America\", when asked about President Obama's origins, she replied, \"Well, that isn't for me to state. That's for the president to state.\" On May 12, 2012, Mike Coffman, a congressman running for re-election in the Sixth Congressional District of Colorado, addressed a Republican fund-raising event in Elbert County. Coffman stated that he did not know where President Barack Obama was born. Coffman went on to say of Obama that \"in his heart, he's not an American.","title":"Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories"},{"psg_id":"12045040","text":"kind of like it here. There are some challenges, but maybe it is just like where you come from, there are the same challenges.\" George Obama and the British journalist Damien Lewis published George's story in a 2011 book called \"Homeland\". George also appeared in the 2012 film, \",\" an anti-Obama documentary. At times using a variation of the name of his father, Onyango Obama, Omar Okech Obama is a half-uncle of Barack Obama. Born on June 3, 1944, in Nyang'oma Kogelo, he is the eldest son of Onyango and his third wife, Sarah Obama. He moved to the United","title":"Family of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12074487","text":"on September 26, despite Congress' lack of immediate action on the bill. His ineffectiveness in the negotiations and his reversal in decision to attend the debates were seized upon to portray McCain as erratic in his response to the economy. Days later, a second version of the original bailout bill was passed by both the House and Senate, with Obama, his vice presidential running mate Joe Biden, and McCain all voting for the measure (Hillary Clinton would as well). The Civil Forum on the Presidency was the venue of back-to-back interviews of U.S. presidential candidates John McCain and Barack Obama","title":"Barack Obama 2008 presidential campaign"},{"psg_id":"2826751","text":"that Hawaii offered – to experience a variety of cultures in a climate of mutual respect – became an integral part of my world view, and a basis for the values that I hold most dear.\" Obama has also written and talked about using alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine during his teenage years to \"push questions of who I was out of my mind\". Obama was also a member of the \"choom gang\", a self-named group of friends that spent time together and occasionally smoked marijuana. After graduating from high school in 1979, Obama moved to Los Angeles to attend Occidental","title":"Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"15102335","text":"an audience member to these stories. Other rhetorical devices Obama used in his campaign speeches were repetition, metaphor, personification, climax, and allusion. Campaign rhetoric of Barack Obama The campaign rhetoric of Barack Obama is the rhetoric in the campaign speeches given by President of the United States, Barack Obama, between February 10, 2007 and November 5, 2008 for the 2008 presidential campaign. Obama became the 44th president after George W. Bush with running mate Joe Biden. In his campaign rhetoric, Obama used three main devices: motifs, American exceptionalism, and voicing. A motif is a rhetorical device that involves the repeated","title":"Campaign rhetoric of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"9631955","text":"online performance, measured Obama as the candidate that connected the most with potential voters via the Internet. Chris Hughes, a Facebook co-founder and coordinator of online organizing within the Barack Obama presidential campaign, called the on-line surge backing Obama \"unprecedented\". One group on Facebook, \"Barack Obama (One Million Strong for Barack)\", had 894,913 members as of November 5, 2008. Obama's politician page reached more than one million supporters as of June 17, 2008. On February 2, 2007, Obama attended a rally at George Mason University organized by \"Students for Barack Obama\", a group that began on Facebook, with several thousand","title":"Barack Obama 2008 presidential primary campaign"},{"psg_id":"12923497","text":"the case, with the government sentencing request stating that \"[a] sentence without any term of imprisonment sends a terrible message to those who might commit the same sort of criminal conduct. Encouraging parties to game the civil litigation system [...] creates terrible incentives and subverts the truth-finding function of civil litigation.\" However, his sentence was ultimately limited to 300 hours of community service and a $30,000 fine. Barack Obama \"Hope\" poster The Barack Obama \"Hope\" poster is an image of Barack Obama designed by artist Shepard Fairey, which was widely described as iconic and came to represent his 2008 presidential","title":"Barack Obama \"Hope\" poster"},{"psg_id":"15102326","text":"Campaign rhetoric of Barack Obama The campaign rhetoric of Barack Obama is the rhetoric in the campaign speeches given by President of the United States, Barack Obama, between February 10, 2007 and November 5, 2008 for the 2008 presidential campaign. Obama became the 44th president after George W. Bush with running mate Joe Biden. In his campaign rhetoric, Obama used three main devices: motifs, American exceptionalism, and voicing. A motif is a rhetorical device that involves the repeated presence of a concept, which heightens its importance in a speech and draws attention to the idea. Obama's motifs became so recognizable","title":"Campaign rhetoric of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12772947","text":"Obama shed more light on the controversy in a 2007 interview with the \"Chicago Tribune\". In the interview, Obama's paternal step-grandmother stated that six months after Barack Obama Sr. and Ann Dunham were married, she received a letter at her home in Kenya announcing the birth of Barack Obama II, who was born August 4, 1961. In a June 2012 interview at her Kenyan home, Sarah Obama was asked: \"Some people want to believe that the president was born in Kenya. Have these people ever bothered you or asked for his birth certificate?\" Her response was: \"But Barack Obama wasn't","title":"Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories"},{"psg_id":"12648062","text":"Presidential transition of Barack Obama The Presidential transition of Barack Obama began when Barack Obama won the United States presidential election on November 4, 2008, and became the President-elect. He was formally elected by the Electoral College on December 15, 2008. The results were certified by a joint session of Congress on January 8, 2009, and the transition ended when he was inaugurated at noon on January 20, 2009. The Obama transition organization was called the Obama-Biden Transition Project. The transition team was convened during the height of the campaign, well before the outcome could be known, to begin making","title":"Presidential transition of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"11795050","text":"Illinois Senate career of Barack Obama Barack Obama served three terms in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004, when he was elected to the United States Senate. During this part of his career, Obama continued teaching constitutional law part time at the University of Chicago Law School as he had done as a Lecturer from 1992 to 1996, and as a Senior Lecturer from 1996 to 2008. In 1994, Senator Alice Palmer announced her desire to run for the United States House of Representatives, leaving the Senate's 13th district seat open. When filing opened in 1995 for her seat,","title":"Illinois Senate career of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12966522","text":"who proclaims that he is endorsing him for president. The issue sold out four print runs. A month later, the comic was followed up by \"Presidential Material: Barack Obama\" by Jeff Mariotte and in November 2008 with \"Obama: The Comic Book\" by Rod Espinosa. In November 2008, two things led to an explosion in popularity of the Obama comic book character. One of Obama's advisers gave an interview to journalist Jon Swaine of \"The Daily Telegraph\" titled, \"Barack Obama: The 50 facts you might not know.\" In the interview, it emerged that Obama collects \"Spider-Man and Conan the Barbarian.\" Then","title":"Barack Obama in comics"},{"psg_id":"2826866","text":"2015, that inmates sentenced in US federal custody declined by 5% under Obama. This is the largest decline in sentenced inmates in US federal custody since Democratic President Jimmy Carter. By contrast, the federal prison population increased significantly under presidents Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton, and George W. Bush. Obama left office in January 2017 with a 60% approval rating. A 2017 C-SPAN \"Presidential Historians Survey\" ranked Obama as the 12th-best US president. The Barack Obama Presidential Center is Obama's planned presidential library. It will be hosted by the University of Chicago and located in Jackson Park","title":"Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"14470025","text":"twice. On January 20, 2009, Barack Obama was inaugurated as the 44th President of the United States. On April 4, 2011, President Obama officially announced his candidacy for re-election. The announcement was made via an online video titled \"It Begins With Us\", posted on his campaign website. The President also filled out official forms with the FEC at that time. President Obama did not face a significant challenge in the Democratic primaries, with no other candidate on the ballot in all but seven states. On April 3, 2012, Obama won the Maryland and District of Columbia primaries, giving him more","title":"Barack Obama 2012 presidential campaign"},{"psg_id":"20104017","text":"Arctic policy of Barack Obama see also: Northern Bering Sea Climate Resilience Area, Presidency of Barack Obama Early on in his campaign, former President Barack Obama made it clear that climate change was a priority for his administration. Soon after becoming President Elect in November 2008, he reiterated this positing stating: “Now is the time to confront this challenge once and for all. Delay is no longer an option. Denial is no longer an acceptable response.” Contradictory to his 2008 campaign promises on the Offshore drilling debate, Obama felt obliged to open coastal areas off the Alaskan coast to exploratory","title":"Arctic policy of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"16541830","text":"the website's internet virtual phone. In March 2007, the Barack Obama team created an interconnection between a user's account in Obama's official website and Facebook account, so a user may publish activities via sending postings from one to another. In 2008, the Obama presidential campaign spent $643,000 out of its $16 million Internet budget to promote his Facebook account. On June 17, 2008, after Hillary Clinton ended her campaign, number of followers of Barack Obama's Facebook account increased to one million. Meanwhile, in addition to Facebook accounts of Barack and Michelle Obama and Joe Biden, the Obama team created ten","title":"Barack Obama on social media"},{"psg_id":"14134002","text":"Assassination threats against Barack Obama Barack Obama, who was the 44th President of the United States, has been the target of several assassination threats and alleged plots since he first became a presidential candidate in 2007. Secret Service protection for Obama began after the Senator received a death threat in 2007, while serving as the junior Senator of Illinois and running for president. This marked the earliest time a candidate received such protection before being nominated. Security was increased early for Barack Obama due to fears of possible assassination attempts by white supremacist or other racist groups or individuals against","title":"Assassination threats against Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12819361","text":"Barack Obama: Der schwarze Kennedy Barack Obama – Der schwarze Kennedy () is a best-selling German-language biography of President of the United States Barack Obama by journalist Christoph von Marschall. The book was written by Marschall while he spent much of 2007 travelling with Obama's presidential campaign as a reporter for the Berlin newspaper \"Der Tagesspiegel\". It covers Obama’s life from his childhood, through his college years, his time as a community organizer in Chicago, Illinois, and his political career including his 2008 presidential campaign. Marschall sums up his impressions of Obama by saying, “Seine Lebensgeschichte steht für den amerikanischen","title":"Barack Obama: Der schwarze Kennedy"},{"psg_id":"16945956","text":"including President Barack Obama and John Lewis, the only speaker from the original rally to remain living. Obama spoke on the 50th anniversary of the Selma to Montgomery Marches, lauded unsung heroes and everyday Americans that stood up for justice. According to leading George W. Bush speechwriter Michael Gerson, the speech \"falls into the category of speeches that every child should read in school\" and is cited by the Washington Post as the Obama speech which will hold up best for posterity. After the Charleston church shooting, during which state senator Clementa C. Pinckney and eight other victims were gunned","title":"Speeches of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12045016","text":"born in 1640 in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, was one of Obama's maternal eighth great-grandfathers and is his earliest ancestor known to be born in North America. Obama's family in Kenya are members of the Luo people, the nation's second-largest ethnic group. Linguistically, Luo is one of the Nilotic languages. The Obama family is concentrated in the western Kenyan province of Nyanza. Paternal grandfather to Barack Obama, he was born Onyango Obama. (One source gives 1870–1975 as his dates of birth and death, possibly based on his tombstone in his home village. Barack Obama relates finding in 1988 a British","title":"Family of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12044994","text":"Family of Barack Obama The family of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States, and his wife Michelle Obama is made up of people of Kenyan (Luo), African-American, and Old Stock American (including originally English, Scots-Irish, Welsh, German, and Swiss) ancestry. Their immediate family was the First Family of the United States from 2009 to 2017. The Obamas are the first First Family of African-American descent. Michelle LaVaughn Robinson Obama (born January 17, 1964) is an American lawyer, university administrator, and writer who served as the First Lady of the United States from 2009 to 2017. She is","title":"Family of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"2826851","text":"in Oslo, Norway on December 10, 2009, with \"deep gratitude and great humility.\" The award drew a mixture of praise and criticism from world leaders and media figures. Obama's peace prize was called a \"stunning surprise\" by \"The New York Times\". Obama is the fourth U.S. president to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize and the third to become a Nobel laureate while in office. Obama's Nobel Prize has been viewed skeptically in subsequent years, especially after the director of the Nobel Institute, Geir Lundestad, said Obama's Peace Prize did not have the desired effect. Barack Obama's presidency ended at","title":"Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"16945950","text":"rest of the world; where we take responsibility for our deficits; where we reform our government to meet the demands of a new age.\" The 2012 State of the Union Address was a speech given by former President Barack Obama, from 9 p.m. to 10:17 p.m. EST on Tuesday, January 24, 2012, in the chamber of the United States House of Representatives. In his speech, he focused on education reform, repairing America's infrastructure with money not used on the Iraq War, and creating new energy sources in America. Barack Obama's speech to the Clinton Global Initiative in 2012 took place","title":"Speeches of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"2826841","text":"a significant public moment, greeted and shook hands with Obama at the Nelson Mandela memorial service in Johannesburg. In December 2014, after the secret meetings, it was announced that Obama, with Pope Francis as an intermediary, had negotiated a restoration of relations with Cuba, after nearly sixty years of détente. Popularly dubbed the Cuban Thaw, \"The New Republic\" deemed the Cuban Thaw to be \"Obama's finest foreign policy achievement.\" On July 1, 2015, President Barack Obama announced that formal diplomatic relations between Cuba and the United States would resume, and embassies would be opened in Washington and Havana. The countries'","title":"Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"2826786","text":"of the popular vote, Obama became the first Democratic president since Franklin D. Roosevelt to win the majority of the popular vote twice. President Obama addressed supporters and volunteers at Chicago's McCormick Place after his reelection and said: \"Tonight you voted for action, not politics as usual. You elected us to focus on your jobs, not ours. And in the coming weeks and months, I am looking forward to reaching out and working with leaders of both parties.\" The inauguration of Barack Obama as the 44th President took place on January 20, 2009. In his first few days in office,","title":"Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"2826760","text":"disclosure, Obama may be worth as much as $10 million. In early 2010, Michelle spoke about her husband's smoking habit and said that Barack had quit smoking. On his 55th birthday, August 4, 2016, Obama penned an essay in \"Glamour\", in which he described how his daughters and the presidency have made him a feminist. Obama is a Protestant Christian whose religious views developed in his adult life. He wrote in \"The Audacity of Hope\" that he \"was not raised in a religious household\". He described his mother, raised by non-religious parents, as being detached from religion, yet \"in many","title":"Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"17336810","text":"January 2011, Issa said in October 2010 that the committee would not seek to impeach Obama. In August 2011, Republican Congressman Michael C. Burgess of Texas agreed with a rally audience member that the impeachment of Barack Obama \"needs to happen\" in order to prevent Obama from \"pushing his agenda\". Burgess did not mention any grounds for impeachment. In June 2012, Senator Jon Kyl said on the Bill Bennett radio show that \"if it’s bad enough and if shenanigans involved in it, then of course impeachment is always a possibility. But I don’t think at this point anybody is talking","title":"Efforts to impeach Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12223540","text":"in his book \"The Case Against Barack Obama\") of Obama. In March 2009, the Pew Research Center reported that 11% of Americans still believed that Obama was a Muslim, with the percentages highest (19%) among self-identified white evangelical Protestants and people who disapproved of Obama's job performance in the first month of his presidency, and lowest (6%) among college graduates and blacks. The poll indicated that 48% of those surveyed believed that he was Christian, down 3% from October 2008, and that 35% did not know his religion. This faulty belief still persists and has even risen slightly as of","title":"Public image of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"16107274","text":"day. Perry County, Alabama, has celebrated the second Monday of November as Barack Obama Day since 2009. County offices and schools are closed for the holiday. In 2017, Illinois State Representatives André Thapedi and Sonya Harper introduced a bill to designate Barack Obama Day as a state holiday. The original measure would have closed schools and state offices for the day. It was rejected by the House in March 2017, citing expense and the lack of a holiday for other presidents from Illinois, such as Ronald Reagan. That same year, State Senator Emil Jones III and others introduced Illinois Senate","title":"Barack Obama Day"},{"psg_id":"16989444","text":"Barack Obama vs. Mitt Romney \"Barack Obama vs. Mitt Romney\" is a song and music video, performed by Iman Crosson, Peter \"Nice Peter\" Shukoff, and Lloyd \"EpicLLOYD\" Ahlquist. It is the 8th episode of the 2nd season of the YouTube video series \"Epic Rap Battles of History\". The video was released on 15 October 2012 on the show's YouTube channel in anticipation of the 2012 US presidential election. The video features President of the United States Barack Obama (portrayed by Iman Crosson) and former Governor of Massachusetts Mitt Romney (portrayed by Lloyd Ahlquist) facing off in a rap battle. Following","title":"Barack Obama vs. Mitt Romney"},{"psg_id":"16892997","text":"the man in question and the country he leads were in so many ways far beyond what the Founders could have imagined. And that, despite our natural tendency to glorify our origins, that this America was in virtually every way better than the one they offered up to us.\" Second inauguration of Barack Obama The second inauguration of Barack Obama as President of the United States, marked the commencement of the second term of Barack Obama as President and Joe Biden as Vice President. A private swearing-in ceremony took place on Sunday, January 20, 2013 in the Blue Room of","title":"Second inauguration of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"16892941","text":"Second inauguration of Barack Obama The second inauguration of Barack Obama as President of the United States, marked the commencement of the second term of Barack Obama as President and Joe Biden as Vice President. A private swearing-in ceremony took place on Sunday, January 20, 2013 in the Blue Room of the White House. A public inauguration ceremony took place on Monday, January 21, 2013, at the United States Capitol building. The inauguration theme was \"Faith in America's Future\", a phrase that draws upon the 150th anniversary of Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation and the completion of the Capitol dome in","title":"Second inauguration of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"14470023","text":"Barack Obama 2012 presidential campaign The 2012 reelection campaign of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States, was formally announced on April 4, 2011. Along with his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, Barack Obama was opposed in the general election by former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, along with various minor candidates from other parties. The election took place on Tuesday, November 6, 2012. Obama's campaign headquarters was in Chicago and key members of his successful campaign in 2008, such as Jim Messina and David Axelrod, returned to staff it. On the day of the announcement, the campaign","title":"Barack Obama 2012 presidential campaign"},{"psg_id":"12817948","text":"First inauguration of Barack Obama The first inauguration of Barack Obama as the 44th President of the United States took place on Tuesday, January 20, 2009. The inauguration, which set a record attendance for any event held in Washington, D.C., marked the commencement of the first four-year term of Barack Obama as President and Joe Biden as Vice President. Based on the combined attendance numbers, television viewership, and Internet traffic, it was among the most-observed events ever by the global audience. \"A New Birth of Freedom\", a phrase from the Gettysburg Address, served as the inaugural theme to commemorate the","title":"First inauguration of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12648107","text":"be included in the collection of the Presidential Library. Vice President Dick Cheney was injured moving out of his residence just before the inauguration and used a wheelchair during the ceremony. Presidential transition of Barack Obama The Presidential transition of Barack Obama began when Barack Obama won the United States presidential election on November 4, 2008, and became the President-elect. He was formally elected by the Electoral College on December 15, 2008. The results were certified by a joint session of Congress on January 8, 2009, and the transition ended when he was inaugurated at noon on January 20, 2009.","title":"Presidential transition of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12332728","text":"Corsi, and for the 527 group Swift Boat Veterans for Truth during the 2004 United States presidential election. The Case Against Barack Obama The Case Against Barack Obama: The Unlikely Rise and Unexamined Agenda of the Media's Favorite Candidate, by author David Freddoso, is a bestselling book published in late 2008, providing a critical examination of the life and opinions of the then United States presidential candidate and Senator Barack Obama. Freddoso was a political reporter for the website of the conservative magazine \"National Review\" when the book came out. He is now with the \"Washington Examiner\". The book was","title":"The Case Against Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12332717","text":"The Case Against Barack Obama The Case Against Barack Obama: The Unlikely Rise and Unexamined Agenda of the Media's Favorite Candidate, by author David Freddoso, is a bestselling book published in late 2008, providing a critical examination of the life and opinions of the then United States presidential candidate and Senator Barack Obama. Freddoso was a political reporter for the website of the conservative magazine \"National Review\" when the book came out. He is now with the \"Washington Examiner\". The book was published by Regnery Publishing. Freddoso said in an August 2008 interview that the book is an attempt to","title":"The Case Against Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12074476","text":"Barack Obama 2008 presidential campaign The 2008 presidential campaign of Barack Obama, then junior United States Senator from Illinois, was announced on February 10, 2007 in Springfield, Illinois. After winning a majority of delegates in the Democratic primaries of 2008, on August 23, leading up to the convention, the campaign announced that Senator Joe Biden of Delaware would be the vice presidential nominee. At the 2008 Democratic National Convention on August 27, Barack Obama was formally selected as the Democratic Party nominee for President of the United States in 2008. He was the first African American in history to be","title":"Barack Obama 2008 presidential campaign"},{"psg_id":"12045034","text":"and began dating Barack Sr. in Cambridge in June 1964, a month before his return to Kenya in August 1964. She followed Obama Sr. back to Kenya five weeks later, and married him in Kenya in a civil ceremony on December 24, 1964. She later became a private kindergarten director in Kenya. She had two sons with Barack Obama Sr.: Mark and David. She and Barack Sr. separated in 1971 and divorced about 1973. Since she remarried when her sons were young, they took their stepfather's surname, Ndesandjo, as their own. Her third son, Joseph Ndesandjo, was born c. 1980","title":"Family of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"16945960","text":"Speeches of Barack Obama Barack Obama served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017. Before his presidency, he served in the Illinois Senate (1997–2004) and the United States Senate (2005–2008). It was during his campaign for the United States Senate that he first made a speech that received nationwide attention; he gave the keynote address at the 2004 Democratic National Convention. and stated \"there is not a liberal America and a conservative America—there is the United States of America\". Obama began to run for president just three years after that speech. In response to a","title":"Speeches of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"16945941","text":"Obama as the President of the United States. Following his victory in the United States presidential election, 2008, President-elect Barack Obama gave his victory speech at Grant Park in his home city of Chicago, Illinois, on November 4, 2008, before an estimated crowd of 240,000. Viewed on television and the Internet by millions of people around the globe, Obama's speech focused on the major issues facing the United States and the world, all echoed through his campaign slogan of change. He also mentioned his grandmother, who had died two nights earlier. United States President Barack Obama delivered a speech to","title":"Speeches of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"16945934","text":"Speeches of Barack Obama Barack Obama served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017. Before his presidency, he served in the Illinois Senate (1997–2004) and the United States Senate (2005–2008). It was during his campaign for the United States Senate that he first made a speech that received nationwide attention; he gave the keynote address at the 2004 Democratic National Convention. and stated \"there is not a liberal America and a conservative America—there is the United States of America\". Obama began to run for president just three years after that speech. In response to a","title":"Speeches of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"12966524","text":"president-elect was featured in Secret Invasion #8; this is the first appearance of president-elect Barack Obama in a Marvel comic. Obama the comic book character has been put on the cover and pages of many other comics including \"Savage Dragon\" No. 145 (February 2008) by Erik Larsen and \"Youngblood\" No. 8 (February 2008) by Rob Liefeld. The \"Savage Dragon\" No. 145 had a special edition variant only offered at the WonderCon 2009 in San Francisco in March 2009 (only 1,500 were produced). On the cover, Barack Obama can be seen holding an American flag and punching Osama Bin Laden in","title":"Barack Obama in comics"},{"psg_id":"12045027","text":"children together: Abongo [Roy] and Auma; and she has also claimed Bernard and Abo Obama as sons by Barack Sr. She lives in Bracknell, Berkshire, England. On March 22, 2009, Kezia Obama made a guest appearance on the British television show \"Chris Moyles' Quiz Night.\" Her sister, Jane, is the 'Auntie Jane' mentioned at the very start of \"Dreams from My Father;\" she telephoned Obama in the US in 1982 to tell him that his father had been killed in a car accident in Kenya. Barack Obama's half-brother, also known as Abongo or Roy, was born c. March 1958, the","title":"Family of Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"18920426","text":"should read in school.\" The speech was described in \"The New York Times\" as: reminiscent of Mr. Obama’s 2004 address to the Democratic National Convention; his speech on race in Philadelphia during the 2008 Democratic primaries; and some of his more impassioned moments on the campaign trail. The \"Washington Post\" opined that this speech would be most enduring in the history books. Barack Obama Selma 50th anniversary speech On March 7, 2015, President of the United States Barack Obama delivered a speech at Edmund Pettus Bridge to mark the 50th anniversary of the Selma to Montgomery marches on the subject","title":"Barack Obama Selma 50th anniversary speech"},{"psg_id":"14134010","text":"and weapons charges and sentenced, but did not face federal charges of threatening a presidential candidate. Paul Schlesselman and Daniel Cowart, two men with strong white supremacist beliefs, allegedly planned a murder spree of 88 African-Americans (14 of whom they were planning to behead) in Tennessee, many of whom were to be young students at an unidentified, predominantly African-American school. They allegedly planned to end the spree by driving their vehicle toward Barack Obama as fast as they could and shooting at him from the windows. The two men were arrested on October 22, 2008, after they bragged to their","title":"Assassination threats against Barack Obama"},{"psg_id":"17827539","text":"Barack Obama on mass surveillance U.S. president Barack Obama has received widespread criticism due to his support of government surveillance. President Obama had released many statements on mass surveillance as a result. As a senator, Obama condemned the Patriot Act for violating the rights of American citizens. He argued that it allowed government agents to perform extensive and in-depth searches on American citizens without a search warrant. He also argued that it was possible to secure the United States against terrorist attacks while preserving individual liberty. In 2011, Obama signed a four-year renewal of the Patriot Act, specifically provisions allowing","title":"Barack Obama on mass surveillance"},{"psg_id":"12223568","text":"film \"My Name is Khan.\" Barack Obama is depicted three times in the TV series \"The Boondocks\", while in the episode, \"It's a Black President, Huey Freeman\", snippets of his words are used and his superstar image is parodied. Subsequently, in the episode \"The Fried Chicken Flu\" Obama is portrayed less favorably as being rather ineffectual despite being full of rhetoric. Obama has been the subject of various impersonators, including Reggie Brown and Iman Crosson. Obama has been impersonated on the sketch show \"Saturday Night Live\" more than 60 times between 2008 and 2016, where he was parodied by first","title":"Public image of Barack Obama"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11664619\",\n \"text\": \"Barack Obama Sr. Barack Hussein Obama Sr. (; 18 June 1936 – 24 November 1982) was a Kenyan senior governmental economist and the father of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States. He is a central figure of his son's memoir, \\\"Dreams from My Father\\\" (1995). Obama married in 1954 and had two children with his first wife, Kezia. He was selected for a special program to attend college in the United States and studied at the University of Hawaii. There, Obama met Stanley Ann Dunham, whom he married in 1961, and with whom he had a son,\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Sr.\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11664639\",\n \"text\": \"his native village of Nyang'oma Kogelo, Siaya District. His funeral was attended by ministers Robert Ouko, Peter Oloo-Aringo, and other prominent political figures. Barack Obama Sr. Barack Hussein Obama Sr. (; 18 June 1936 – 24 November 1982) was a Kenyan senior governmental economist and the father of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States. He is a central figure of his son's memoir, \\\"Dreams from My Father\\\" (1995). Obama married in 1954 and had two children with his first wife, Kezia. He was selected for a special program to attend college in the United States and studied\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Sr.\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11664624\",\n \"text\": \"was subjected to beatings and abuse that left him with physical scars and a loathing of the British. David Maraniss' 2012 biography of President Barack Obama states that his grandfather Obama did not participate in the insurrections; nor was he ever imprisoned by the British during the uprising. He continued to be trusted by white Kenyans. When Obama (Sr.) was about six years old and attending a Christian missionary school, he converted from Islam to Anglicanism when strongly encouraged by the staff. He changed his name from \\\"Baraka\\\" to \\\"Barack.\\\" Obama (Sr.) later became an atheist, believing that religion was\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Sr.\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12045041\",\n \"text\": \"States in October 1963 when he was 17 years old as part of Kenya president Tom Mboya's Airlift Africa project, to send promising Kenyan students to the US for education, particularly undergraduate and graduate school. Once he arrived in the country, his half-brother, Barack Obama Sr., found him a place at a boys' school then known as Browne & Nichols, in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He later dropped out of school and changed his name to O. Onyango Obama. He has operated a liquor store in Framingham, where he resided as of March 2011. Barack Obama lived with Onyango in the 1980s\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11664620\",\n \"text\": \"Barack II. She divorced him three years later. The elder Obama later went to Harvard University for graduate school, where he earned an M.A. in economics, and returned to Kenya in 1964. He saw his son Barack once more, when he was about ten. In late 1964, Obama Sr. married Ruth Beatrice Baker, a Jewish-American woman whom he had met in Massachusetts. They had two sons together before separating in 1971 and divorcing in 1973. Obama first worked for an oil company, before beginning work as an economist with the Kenyan Ministry of Transport. He gained a promotion to senior\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Sr.\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15883986\",\n \"text\": \"if the sport is not available at Barack Obama. Barack Obama Male Leadership Academy Barack Obama Male Leadership Academy at B.F. Darrell (BOMLA) is a magnet secondary school for boys located in the Oak Cliff area of Dallas, Texas. It is a part of the Dallas Independent School District. After the Irma Lerma Rangel Young Women's Leadership School, it is DISD's second single gender school. The school, which occupies the campus of the former B.F. Darrell Elementary School, is named after former President of the United States Barack Obama, in honor of the fact that he was the first black\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Male Leadership Academy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17311850\",\n \"text\": \"for the 2015-16 school year as North II, Group I for most athletic competition purposes, which included schools with an enrollment of 12 to 467 students in that grade range. Core members of the school's administration are: Barack Obama Green Charter High School Barack Obama Green Charter High School is a charter high school that serves students in ninth through twelfth grades in Plainfield, Union County, New Jersey, United States, that focuses on education in the field of Sustainability and Leadership. The school operates on a charter granted by the New Jersey Department of Education. The charter for the school\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Green Charter High School\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17311848\",\n \"text\": \"Barack Obama Green Charter High School Barack Obama Green Charter High School is a charter high school that serves students in ninth through twelfth grades in Plainfield, Union County, New Jersey, United States, that focuses on education in the field of Sustainability and Leadership. The school operates on a charter granted by the New Jersey Department of Education. The charter for the school was approved in September 2009, as part of an announcement by Governor Jon Corzine of eight charter schools granted by the state in that cycle. After receiving approval from city's Board of Adjustment, the school opened in\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Green Charter High School\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16107275\",\n \"text\": \"Bill 55, which designated August 4 as Barack Obama Day but did not make it an official state holiday. The bill passed both houses of the Illinois General Assembly with no votes against, and was signed into law by Illinois Governor Bruce Rauner on August 4, 2017. The bill amended the State Commemorative Dates Act to include a new section: Barack Obama Day. August 4th of each year is designated as Barack Obama Day, to be observed throughout the State as a day set apart to honor the 44th President of the United States of America who began his career\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Day\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17311849\",\n \"text\": \"September 2010. As of the 2015-16 school year, the school had an enrollment of 227 students and 15.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 15.1:1. There were 151 students (66.5% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 23 (10.1% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch. The school is named for former U.S. President Barack Obama. The Barack Obama Green Charter High School Hornets play independently of any conference in play under the auspices of the New Jersey State Interscholastic Athletic Association (NJSIAA). With 195 students in grades 10-12, the school was classified by the NJSIAA\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Green Charter High School\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20610822\",\n \"text\": \"use of bushes in the portrait. President Barack Obama (painting) President Barack Obama is a 2018 portrait of Barack Obama by the artist Kehinde Wiley for the National Portrait Gallery. In October 2017, it was announced that Wiley had been chosen by Barack Obama to paint an official portrait of the former president to appear in Smithsonian's National Portrait Gallery \\\"America's Presidents\\\" exhibition. The painting depicts Obama sitting in a chair seemingly floating among foliage. The foliage is described by the author as \\\"chrysanthemums (the official flower of Chicago), jasmine (symbolic of Hawaii where the president spent most of his\",\n \"title\": \"President Barack Obama (painting)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20610818\",\n \"text\": \"President Barack Obama (painting) President Barack Obama is a 2018 portrait of Barack Obama by the artist Kehinde Wiley for the National Portrait Gallery. In October 2017, it was announced that Wiley had been chosen by Barack Obama to paint an official portrait of the former president to appear in Smithsonian's National Portrait Gallery \\\"America's Presidents\\\" exhibition. The painting depicts Obama sitting in a chair seemingly floating among foliage. The foliage is described by the author as \\\"chrysanthemums (the official flower of Chicago), jasmine (symbolic of Hawaii where the president spent most of his childhood) and African blue lilies (alluding\",\n \"title\": \"President Barack Obama (painting)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16945946\",\n \"text\": \"Secretary Steven Chu was chosen as the designated survivor and did not attend the speech. The 2010 State of the Union Address was given by United States President Barack Obama on January 27, 2010, to a joint session of Congress. It was aired on all the major networks starting at 9 pm ET. It was Obama's first State of the Union Address, though the president did give a non-State of the Union address to a joint session of Congress a month after taking office in 2009. The speech was delivered in the United States House of Representatives in the United\",\n \"title\": \"Speeches of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13806715\",\n \"text\": \"Barack Obama \\\"Joker\\\" poster The Barack Obama \\\"Joker\\\" poster is a digitally manipulated image of United States President Barack Obama, designed by Firas Alkhateeb in January 2009, that was adopted by some critics of the Obama administration and described as the most famous anti-Obama image. The image portrays Obama as comic book supervillain the Joker, based on the portrayal by Heath Ledger in \\\"The Dark Knight\\\" (2008). Alkhateeb has said the image was not intended to make a political statement. He uploaded the image to the photo-sharing website Flickr, from where it was downloaded by an unknown individual who added\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama \\\"Joker\\\" poster\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15883981\",\n \"text\": \"Barack Obama Male Leadership Academy Barack Obama Male Leadership Academy at B.F. Darrell (BOMLA) is a magnet secondary school for boys located in the Oak Cliff area of Dallas, Texas. It is a part of the Dallas Independent School District. After the Irma Lerma Rangel Young Women's Leadership School, it is DISD's second single gender school. The school, which occupies the campus of the former B.F. Darrell Elementary School, is named after former President of the United States Barack Obama, in honor of the fact that he was the first black President. The former Darrell Vanguard campus was renovated until\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Male Leadership Academy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20774985\",\n \"text\": \"station was briefly announced to have been renamed \\\"Trump Plaza\\\", as an April fools joke. In addition to fuel supplies it includes a variety of food outlets including Supermac's, Papa John's Pizza, Mac's Place, Bewleys coffee and a Spar store. The Barack Obama Plaza also includes a visitor centre that provides information on President Obama’s family connections in Moneygall where his great-great-great-grandfather lived. Barack Obama Plaza Barack Obama Plaza (Moneygall services), is an off line service area, at Junction 23 of the M7 on the outskirts of the village of Moneygall on the border of Counties Tipperary and Offaly in\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Plaza\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2826745\",\n \"text\": \"was mostly of English descent, with some German, Irish, Scottish, Swiss, and Welsh ancestry. His father, Barack Obama Sr. (1936–1982), was a Luo Kenyan man from Nyang'oma Kogelo. Obama's parents met in 1960 in a Russian language class at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, where his father was a foreign student on a scholarship. The couple married in Wailuku, Hawaii on February 2, 1961, six months before Obama was born. In late August 1961 (only a few weeks after he was born), Barack and his mother moved to the University of Washington in Seattle, where they lived for a\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12045055\",\n \"text\": \"Verdelle Robinson; August 22, 1930 – April 16, 2000), was a sister of Michelle Obama's paternal grandfather, Fraser Robinson Jr. He is 12 years older, and Funnye and Obama grew to know each other as adults in Chicago, where both were involved in community organizing, along with Barack Obama. He is one of America's most prominent African-American rabbis, known for acting as a bridge between mainstream Jewry and African American Jews. He converted to Judaism after 1970, during years of activism when he regarded Christianity as having been imposed on slaves. Family of Barack Obama The family of Barack Obama,\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16945943\",\n \"text\": \"$787 billion American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 as well as the Troubled Assets Relief Program, the state of the economy, and the future of the country. Attorney General Eric Holder was the designated survivor and did not attend the address in order to maintain a continuity of government. He was sequestered at a secret secure location for the duration of the event. \\\"A New Beginning\\\" is the name of a speech delivered by United States President Barack Obama on June 4, 2009, from the Major Reception Hall at Cairo University in Egypt. Al-Azhar University co-hosted the event. The\",\n \"title\": \"Speeches of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2826746\",\n \"text\": \"year. During that time, the elder Obama completed his undergraduate degree in economics in Hawaii, graduating in June 1962. He then left to attend graduate school on a scholarship at Harvard University, where he earned an M.A. in economics. Obama's parents divorced in March 1964. Obama Sr. returned to Kenya in 1964, where he married for a third time and worked for the Kenyan government as the Senior Economic Analyst in the Ministry of Finance. . He visited his son in Hawaii only once, at Christmas time in 1971, before he was killed in an automobile accident in 1982, when\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12045023\",\n \"text\": \"of his father, daughter of Hussein Onyango and his second wife, Habiba Akumu Obama. (She should not be confused with her stepmother Sarah Onyango Obama, also often called just Sarah Obama, the third wife of Onyango.) Barack Obama Sr., Barack Obama's father, was the son of Onyango and his second wife Habiba Akumu Obama. Educated in the US at the University of Hawai'i and Harvard University, he returned to Kenya, where he became an economist with the government. He served in the ministries of transportation and finance. Obama Sr. was married a total of three times, and he fathered a\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14114976\",\n \"text\": \"Barack Obama Academy of International Studies 6-12 The Barack Obama Academy of International Studies, also known as Pittsburgh Obama 6-12, is a public school in the East Liberty neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The school is named in honor of Former President Barack Obama who served as 44th President of the United States. Pittsburgh Obama is an International Baccalaureate school which was created when the Pittsburgh Public Schools combined Frick Middle School and Schenley High School. As of the 2017-2018 school year, Pittsburgh Obama is located in the former Peabody High School building. Before that, it was housed in the former\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Academy of International Studies 6-12\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12966525\",\n \"text\": \"the face. Barack Obama is the subject of graphic novel \\\"Barack Hussein Obama\\\" by Steven Weissman. In this, President Obama and his cast of characters (Secretary Clinton, VP Joe Biden, his family) experience life in a parallel universe. Barack Obama has also appeared in Archie Comics Veronica #199, and Archie #616 and #617. President Obama was in the Flashpoint Storyline of DC comics of 2011. He discusses the earth members of The Green Lantern Corp with Amanda Waller. Barack Obama in comics Barack Obama has appeared as a character in comic books published by a number of publishing companies, sometimes\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama in comics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12966521\",\n \"text\": \"Barack Obama in comics Barack Obama has appeared as a character in comic books published by a number of publishing companies, sometimes appearing as a realistic fictionalized version of himself and sometimes as a spoof. Obama made his first appearance as a comic book character in July 2007 in \\\"Licensable BearTM\\\" No. 4 by Nat Gertler, where he appeared as a U.S. Senator. The comic only had a print-run of 1,050 issues. A year later, in September 2008, Obama appeared in Erik Larsen’s \\\"Savage Dragon\\\" No. 137. This issue featured a variant cover which showed Obama with the Savage Dragon,\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama in comics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14114977\",\n \"text\": \"Reizenstein Middle School building for three years. The school is noted for its heavy involvement in the Pennsylvania YMCA Youth and Government program. As of October 1, 2017: Barack Obama Academy of International Studies 6-12 The Barack Obama Academy of International Studies, also known as Pittsburgh Obama 6-12, is a public school in the East Liberty neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The school is named in honor of Former President Barack Obama who served as 44th President of the United States. Pittsburgh Obama is an International Baccalaureate school which was created when the Pittsburgh Public Schools combined Frick Middle School and\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Academy of International Studies 6-12\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12223563\",\n \"text\": \"in favor of Obama, 6% in favor of McCain). The only country surveyed (other than the U.S.) where McCain's popularity rivaled Obama's was Jordan, where 22% were in favor of Obama and 23% in favor of McCain. Obama scored higher approval ratings in all 70 countries covered in an October 2008 Gallup poll, with the most favorable scores coming from Asian and European countries. In 2007, Christoph von Marschall wrote a book entitled \\\"Barack Obama – Der schwarze Kennedy\\\". The literal translation of its German title is \\\"Barack Obama. The Black Kennedy\\\". His book was a best seller in Germany,\",\n \"title\": \"Public image of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12772926\",\n \"text\": \"called Kapi'olani Medical Center for Women & Children) in Honolulu, Hawaii, to Ann Dunham, from Wichita, Kansas, and her husband Barack Obama Sr., a Luo from Nyang'oma Kogelo, Nyanza Province (in what was then the Colony and Protectorate of Kenya), who was attending the University of Hawaii. Birth notices for Barack Obama were published in \\\"The Honolulu Advertiser\\\" on August 13 and the \\\"Honolulu Star-Bulletin\\\" on August 14, 1961. Obama's father's immigration file also clearly states Barack Obama was born in Hawaii. One of his high school teachers, who was acquainted with his mother at the time, remembered hearing about\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16107276\",\n \"text\": \"serving the People of Illinois in both the Illinois State Senate and the United States Senate, and dedicated his life to protecting the rights of Americans and building bridges across communities. Since the United States presidential election of 2008, Obama Day is celebrated annually on November 6 in Kenya, the country from which President Obama's father originated. Barack Obama Day Barack Obama Day refers to two days of recognition in the United States in honor of Barack Obama, who served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017. The State of Illinois celebrates the commemorative holiday\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Day\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16107273\",\n \"text\": \"Barack Obama Day Barack Obama Day refers to two days of recognition in the United States in honor of Barack Obama, who served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017. The State of Illinois celebrates the commemorative holiday every August 4, which is Obama's birthday, beginning in 2018. Obama was a member of the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004 and represented the state in the United States Senate from 2005 to 2008 before becoming president. Similar to other commemorative holidays, it is not a legal state holiday, meaning workplaces are not closed on the\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Day\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11719441\",\n \"text\": \"Early life and career of Barack Obama Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States, was born on August 4, 1961 in Honolulu, Hawaii to Barack Obama, Sr. (1936–1982) (born in Rachuonyo District, British Kenya) and Stanley Ann Dunham, known as Ann (1942–1995) (born in Wichita, Kansas, United States). Barack Obama spent most of his childhood years in Honolulu, where his mother attended the University of Hawaii at Manoa. Obama started a close relationship with his maternal grandparents. In 1965, his mother remarried to Lolo Soetoro from Indonesia. Two years later, Dunham took Obama with her to Indonesia to\",\n \"title\": \"Early life and career of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11795102\",\n \"text\": \"Hampshire University (2007), Howard University (2007), and Wesleyan University (2008). The audiobook edition of \\\"Dreams from My Father\\\" earned Obama the Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album in 2006. He won the award a second time in 2008 for the spoken word edition of \\\"The Audacity of Hope\\\". A school in Obama's father's hometown, which the senator visited on his 2006 Kenya trip, was renamed the Senator Barack Obama Primary School. United States Senate career of Barack Obama The United States Senate career of Barack Obama began on January 3, 2005 and ended on November 16, 2008. He resigned\",\n \"title\": \"United States Senate career of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12621180\",\n \"text\": \"Barack Obama assassination plot in Tennessee The Barack Obama assassination plot in Tennessee was a plot by Paul Schlesselman and Daniel Cowart to assassinate Barack Obama, who was then the 2008 Democratic Party presidential nominee. The two men, both Neo-Nazis, spoke of killing Obama during a planned murder spree of 88 African Americans in Tennessee, many of whom were young students at an unidentified, predominantly black school. Schlesselman and Cowart were arrested on October 22, 2008, and found to be in possession of several weapons. The men told authorities of their planned assassination and killing spree, and said they intended\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama assassination plot in Tennessee\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12045036\",\n \"text\": \"accomplished pianist and has performed in concert.In 2009, Mark Ndesandjo published a semi-autobiographical novel, \\\"Nairobi to Shenzhen: A Novel of Love in the East\\\". He published a memoir in 2013, entitled, \\\"Cultures: My Odyssey of Self-Discovery\\\". In it, he accused their father Barack Sr. of abuse. Barack Obama's half-brother (also known as David Opiyo Obama), son of Barack Obama Sr. and his third wife, Ruth Baker, an American. He died in a motorcycle accident several years after his father's death in a car accident. Youngest half-brother of Barack Obama, born c. 1982, son of Barack Obama Sr. and Jael Otieno.\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20104026\",\n \"text\": \"to shoal waters in close proximity to the proposed two-way route where the consequences of a grounding could be particularly severe. The Coast Guard received several public comments that identified this area as being of particularly high concern.\\\" Arctic policy of Barack Obama see also: Northern Bering Sea Climate Resilience Area, Presidency of Barack Obama Early on in his campaign, former President Barack Obama made it clear that climate change was a priority for his administration. Soon after becoming President Elect in November 2008, he reiterated this positing stating: “Now is the time to confront this challenge once and for\",\n \"title\": \"Arctic policy of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12045024\",\n \"text\": \"daughter and at least four sons in addition to Barack II. Aunt of U.S. President Barack Obama and younger sister of his father, born to Hussein Onyango and second wife Habiba Akumu Obama. She is the sole surviving full sibling of Barack Obama Sr. Sarah Onyango Obama was the third wife of Obama's paternal grandfather. She is known for short as Sarah Obama; she is sometimes referred to as Sarah Ogwel, Sarah Hussein Obama, or Sarah Anyango Obama. She lives in Nyang'oma Kogelo village, 30 miles west of western Kenya's main town, Kisumu, on the edge of Lake Victoria. (She\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11719472\",\n \"text\": \"in the Illinois state Senate and attended Louis Farrakhan's Million Man March in Washington, DC. Early life and career of Barack Obama Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States, was born on August 4, 1961 in Honolulu, Hawaii to Barack Obama, Sr. (1936–1982) (born in Rachuonyo District, British Kenya) and Stanley Ann Dunham, known as Ann (1942–1995) (born in Wichita, Kansas, United States). Barack Obama spent most of his childhood years in Honolulu, where his mother attended the University of Hawaii at Manoa. Obama started a close relationship with his maternal grandparents. In 1965, his mother remarried to\",\n \"title\": \"Early life and career of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16892954\",\n \"text\": \"States Capitol on January 21, Associate Justice Sotomayor administered the oath to Vice President Joe Biden, and then Chief Justice Roberts administered the Presidential oath to President Barack Obama minutes after Vice President Biden received his oath. At the public inaugural ceremony, Vice President Biden was sworn in using the Biden family Bible, while President Obama was sworn in using two Bibles owned by Abraham Lincoln and Martin Luther King Jr. President Obama became the 17th U.S. president to be re-elected for a second term of office. After Barack Obama had recited the oath of office, where Obama had placed\",\n \"title\": \"Second inauguration of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12649020\",\n \"text\": \"Obama left office, historians expressed various opinions about his effectiveness as president, with many noting that subsequent events would determine his ultimate legacy. There was universal agreement that Obama would long be remembered as the first African-American president. Many noted that Obama presided over an economic recovery and passed major domestic legislation, but failed to bridge a partisan divide and left office with his party in a weakened state. Presidency of Barack Obama The presidency of Barack Obama began at noon EST on January 20, 2009, when Barack Obama was inaugurated as the 44th President of the United States, and\",\n \"title\": \"Presidency of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12045045\",\n \"text\": \"complications caused by cancer and respiratory problems. Half-uncle of Barack Obama, born c. 1950s in Nyang'oma Kogelo; son of Onyango and his third wife Sarah Obama. Half-uncle of Barack Obama, born c. 1950s in Nyang'oma Kogelo; son of Onyango and his third wife Sarah Obama. Barack Obama has called his wife Michelle Obama \\\"the most quintessentially American woman I know.\\\" Her family is of African-American heritage, descendants of Africans and Europeans of the colonial era and antebellum eras. Michelle Obama's family history traces from colonists and slavery in the South to Reconstruction to the Great Migration to northern cities, in\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20774984\",\n \"text\": \"Barack Obama Plaza Barack Obama Plaza (Moneygall services), is an off line service area, at Junction 23 of the M7 on the outskirts of the village of Moneygall on the border of Counties Tipperary and Offaly in Ireland. The plaza was opened for business in June 2014 and is accessed using the existing junction 23 slip roads. It is named after US president Barack Obama, whose 3rd great grandfather lived nearby. The ancestor was reportedly Falmouth Kearney, who emigrated to the US in 1850. The service station cost 7 million euros to construct, and opened in 2014. In 2017 the\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Plaza\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12045033\",\n \"text\": \"to Kezia Obama. In \\\"Dreams from My Father,\\\" Obama wrote that his Obama relatives doubt that Abo and Bernard are the biological sons of Barack Obama, Sr. Abo manages a mobile phone shop in Kenya. Born Ruth Beatrice Baker in the United States around 1937, the daughter of Maurice Joseph Baker and Ida Baker of Newton, Massachusetts, who are of Lithuanian Jewish descent. Ruth Baker was a 1954 graduate of Brookline High School in Brookline, Massachusetts, and a 1958 graduate of Simmons College in Boston with a degree in business. She was a suburban elementary school teacher when she met\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11795066\",\n \"text\": \"record the race of drivers they stopped. In February 2002, Obama introduced SB 1789, which would have adopted instant-runoff voting (IRV) for congressional and state primary elections in Illinois and authorized IRV for local elections, although it did not ultimately pass. He resigned from the Illinois Senate in November 2004 following his election to the U.S. Senate. Illinois Senate career of Barack Obama Barack Obama served three terms in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004, when he was elected to the United States Senate. During this part of his career, Obama continued teaching constitutional law part time at the\",\n \"title\": \"Illinois Senate career of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12648888\",\n \"text\": \"Presidency of Barack Obama The presidency of Barack Obama began at noon EST on January 20, 2009, when Barack Obama was inaugurated as the 44th President of the United States, and ended on January 20, 2017. Obama, a Democrat, took office following a decisive victory over Republican John McCain in the 2008 presidential election. Four years later, in the 2012 election, he defeated Republican Mitt Romney to win re-election. He was the first African American president, the first multiracial president, the first non-white president, and the first president to have been born in Hawaii. Obama was succeeded by Republican Donald\",\n \"title\": \"Presidency of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12772930\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Barry\\\" rather than \\\"Barack\\\"; and that Barack Obama Sr. was not his biological father, as well as the rumor that Barack Obama was not a natural-born citizen. In August 2008, Philip J. Berg, a former member of the Democratic State Committee of Pennsylvania, brought an unsuccessful lawsuit against Obama, which alleged \\\"that Obama was born in Mombasa, Kenya.\\\" In October 2008, an NPR article referred to \\\"Kenyan-born Sen. Barack Obama.\\\" Also that month, anonymous e-mails circulated claiming that the Associated Press (AP) had reported Obama was \\\"Kenyan-Born\\\". The claims were based on an AP story that had appeared five years\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12045028\",\n \"text\": \"son of Barack Obama Sr. and his first wife, Kezia. Malik Obama was born and raised in Nairobi, Kenya. He earned a degree in accounting from the University of Nairobi. The half brothers met for the first time in 1985 when Barack flew from Chicago to Washington, D.C., to visit Malik. Malik and his half-brother Barack were best men at each other's weddings. Barack Obama brought his wife Michelle to Kenya three years later, and they met with Malik again while meeting many other relatives for the first time. He lives in the Obamas' ancestral home, Nyang'oma Kogelo, a village\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17837291\",\n \"text\": \"Barack Obama Presidential Center The Barack Obama Presidential Center is the planned presidential center of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States. It will be located in Jackson Park on the South Side of Chicago, near the University of Chicago campus. The university provides planning, support, engagement and programming. Included within the center's plans is a new branch for the Chicago Public Library. The nonprofit Obama Foundation will oversee the center's creation and its campus' construction, and partner with the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) to digitize the presidency records. In August 2018, the Chicago Park District\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Presidential Center\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12923474\",\n \"text\": \"Barack Obama \\\"Hope\\\" poster The Barack Obama \\\"Hope\\\" poster is an image of Barack Obama designed by artist Shepard Fairey, which was widely described as iconic and came to represent his 2008 presidential campaign. It consists of a stylized stencil portrait of Obama in solid red, beige and (light and dark) blue, with the word \\\"progress\\\", \\\"hope\\\" or \\\"change\\\" below (and other words in some versions). The design was created in one day and printed first as a poster. Fairey sold 290 of the posters on the street immediately after printing them. It was then more widely distributed—both as a\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama \\\"Hope\\\" poster\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12045021\",\n \"text\": \"Obama. The word \\\"mzee\\\" (meaning \\\"elder\\\") is a Kenyan honorific. And to this day the Obama family in Kenya is divided between Seventh-day Adventists and Muslims. Also known as Akumu Nyanjoga and Sje. She was Barack Obama's paternal grandmother, and the second wife of Hussein Onyango Obama. She had three children with Onyango: daughters Sarah and Auma, and son Barack (Barack Obama's father). Her father was named Njango or Njoga, and she was born and raised in the Western Kenyan village of Karabondi. In his memoir \\\"Dreams from My Father,\\\" Obama wrote that Akumu was miserable in her marriage and\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12772988\",\n \"text\": \"I would do in the first debate is offer my birth certificate, so we can get that off the table.\\\" Previously on \\\"Good Morning America\\\", when asked about President Obama's origins, she replied, \\\"Well, that isn't for me to state. That's for the president to state.\\\" On May 12, 2012, Mike Coffman, a congressman running for re-election in the Sixth Congressional District of Colorado, addressed a Republican fund-raising event in Elbert County. Coffman stated that he did not know where President Barack Obama was born. Coffman went on to say of Obama that \\\"in his heart, he's not an American.\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12045040\",\n \"text\": \"kind of like it here. There are some challenges, but maybe it is just like where you come from, there are the same challenges.\\\" George Obama and the British journalist Damien Lewis published George's story in a 2011 book called \\\"Homeland\\\". George also appeared in the 2012 film, \\\",\\\" an anti-Obama documentary. At times using a variation of the name of his father, Onyango Obama, Omar Okech Obama is a half-uncle of Barack Obama. Born on June 3, 1944, in Nyang'oma Kogelo, he is the eldest son of Onyango and his third wife, Sarah Obama. He moved to the United\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12074487\",\n \"text\": \"on September 26, despite Congress' lack of immediate action on the bill. His ineffectiveness in the negotiations and his reversal in decision to attend the debates were seized upon to portray McCain as erratic in his response to the economy. Days later, a second version of the original bailout bill was passed by both the House and Senate, with Obama, his vice presidential running mate Joe Biden, and McCain all voting for the measure (Hillary Clinton would as well). The Civil Forum on the Presidency was the venue of back-to-back interviews of U.S. presidential candidates John McCain and Barack Obama\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama 2008 presidential campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2826751\",\n \"text\": \"that Hawaii offered – to experience a variety of cultures in a climate of mutual respect – became an integral part of my world view, and a basis for the values that I hold most dear.\\\" Obama has also written and talked about using alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine during his teenage years to \\\"push questions of who I was out of my mind\\\". Obama was also a member of the \\\"choom gang\\\", a self-named group of friends that spent time together and occasionally smoked marijuana. After graduating from high school in 1979, Obama moved to Los Angeles to attend Occidental\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15102335\",\n \"text\": \"an audience member to these stories. Other rhetorical devices Obama used in his campaign speeches were repetition, metaphor, personification, climax, and allusion. Campaign rhetoric of Barack Obama The campaign rhetoric of Barack Obama is the rhetoric in the campaign speeches given by President of the United States, Barack Obama, between February 10, 2007 and November 5, 2008 for the 2008 presidential campaign. Obama became the 44th president after George W. Bush with running mate Joe Biden. In his campaign rhetoric, Obama used three main devices: motifs, American exceptionalism, and voicing. A motif is a rhetorical device that involves the repeated\",\n \"title\": \"Campaign rhetoric of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9631955\",\n \"text\": \"online performance, measured Obama as the candidate that connected the most with potential voters via the Internet. Chris Hughes, a Facebook co-founder and coordinator of online organizing within the Barack Obama presidential campaign, called the on-line surge backing Obama \\\"unprecedented\\\". One group on Facebook, \\\"Barack Obama (One Million Strong for Barack)\\\", had 894,913 members as of November 5, 2008. Obama's politician page reached more than one million supporters as of June 17, 2008. On February 2, 2007, Obama attended a rally at George Mason University organized by \\\"Students for Barack Obama\\\", a group that began on Facebook, with several thousand\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama 2008 presidential primary campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12923497\",\n \"text\": \"the case, with the government sentencing request stating that \\\"[a] sentence without any term of imprisonment sends a terrible message to those who might commit the same sort of criminal conduct. Encouraging parties to game the civil litigation system [...] creates terrible incentives and subverts the truth-finding function of civil litigation.\\\" However, his sentence was ultimately limited to 300 hours of community service and a $30,000 fine. Barack Obama \\\"Hope\\\" poster The Barack Obama \\\"Hope\\\" poster is an image of Barack Obama designed by artist Shepard Fairey, which was widely described as iconic and came to represent his 2008 presidential\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama \\\"Hope\\\" poster\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15102326\",\n \"text\": \"Campaign rhetoric of Barack Obama The campaign rhetoric of Barack Obama is the rhetoric in the campaign speeches given by President of the United States, Barack Obama, between February 10, 2007 and November 5, 2008 for the 2008 presidential campaign. Obama became the 44th president after George W. Bush with running mate Joe Biden. In his campaign rhetoric, Obama used three main devices: motifs, American exceptionalism, and voicing. A motif is a rhetorical device that involves the repeated presence of a concept, which heightens its importance in a speech and draws attention to the idea. Obama's motifs became so recognizable\",\n \"title\": \"Campaign rhetoric of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12772947\",\n \"text\": \"Obama shed more light on the controversy in a 2007 interview with the \\\"Chicago Tribune\\\". In the interview, Obama's paternal step-grandmother stated that six months after Barack Obama Sr. and Ann Dunham were married, she received a letter at her home in Kenya announcing the birth of Barack Obama II, who was born August 4, 1961. In a June 2012 interview at her Kenyan home, Sarah Obama was asked: \\\"Some people want to believe that the president was born in Kenya. Have these people ever bothered you or asked for his birth certificate?\\\" Her response was: \\\"But Barack Obama wasn't\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12648062\",\n \"text\": \"Presidential transition of Barack Obama The Presidential transition of Barack Obama began when Barack Obama won the United States presidential election on November 4, 2008, and became the President-elect. He was formally elected by the Electoral College on December 15, 2008. The results were certified by a joint session of Congress on January 8, 2009, and the transition ended when he was inaugurated at noon on January 20, 2009. The Obama transition organization was called the Obama-Biden Transition Project. The transition team was convened during the height of the campaign, well before the outcome could be known, to begin making\",\n \"title\": \"Presidential transition of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11795050\",\n \"text\": \"Illinois Senate career of Barack Obama Barack Obama served three terms in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004, when he was elected to the United States Senate. During this part of his career, Obama continued teaching constitutional law part time at the University of Chicago Law School as he had done as a Lecturer from 1992 to 1996, and as a Senior Lecturer from 1996 to 2008. In 1994, Senator Alice Palmer announced her desire to run for the United States House of Representatives, leaving the Senate's 13th district seat open. When filing opened in 1995 for her seat,\",\n \"title\": \"Illinois Senate career of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12966522\",\n \"text\": \"who proclaims that he is endorsing him for president. The issue sold out four print runs. A month later, the comic was followed up by \\\"Presidential Material: Barack Obama\\\" by Jeff Mariotte and in November 2008 with \\\"Obama: The Comic Book\\\" by Rod Espinosa. In November 2008, two things led to an explosion in popularity of the Obama comic book character. One of Obama's advisers gave an interview to journalist Jon Swaine of \\\"The Daily Telegraph\\\" titled, \\\"Barack Obama: The 50 facts you might not know.\\\" In the interview, it emerged that Obama collects \\\"Spider-Man and Conan the Barbarian.\\\" Then\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama in comics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2826866\",\n \"text\": \"2015, that inmates sentenced in US federal custody declined by 5% under Obama. This is the largest decline in sentenced inmates in US federal custody since Democratic President Jimmy Carter. By contrast, the federal prison population increased significantly under presidents Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton, and George W. Bush. Obama left office in January 2017 with a 60% approval rating. A 2017 C-SPAN \\\"Presidential Historians Survey\\\" ranked Obama as the 12th-best US president. The Barack Obama Presidential Center is Obama's planned presidential library. It will be hosted by the University of Chicago and located in Jackson Park\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14470025\",\n \"text\": \"twice. On January 20, 2009, Barack Obama was inaugurated as the 44th President of the United States. On April 4, 2011, President Obama officially announced his candidacy for re-election. The announcement was made via an online video titled \\\"It Begins With Us\\\", posted on his campaign website. The President also filled out official forms with the FEC at that time. President Obama did not face a significant challenge in the Democratic primaries, with no other candidate on the ballot in all but seven states. On April 3, 2012, Obama won the Maryland and District of Columbia primaries, giving him more\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama 2012 presidential campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20104017\",\n \"text\": \"Arctic policy of Barack Obama see also: Northern Bering Sea Climate Resilience Area, Presidency of Barack Obama Early on in his campaign, former President Barack Obama made it clear that climate change was a priority for his administration. Soon after becoming President Elect in November 2008, he reiterated this positing stating: “Now is the time to confront this challenge once and for all. Delay is no longer an option. Denial is no longer an acceptable response.” Contradictory to his 2008 campaign promises on the Offshore drilling debate, Obama felt obliged to open coastal areas off the Alaskan coast to exploratory\",\n \"title\": \"Arctic policy of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16541830\",\n \"text\": \"the website's internet virtual phone. In March 2007, the Barack Obama team created an interconnection between a user's account in Obama's official website and Facebook account, so a user may publish activities via sending postings from one to another. In 2008, the Obama presidential campaign spent $643,000 out of its $16 million Internet budget to promote his Facebook account. On June 17, 2008, after Hillary Clinton ended her campaign, number of followers of Barack Obama's Facebook account increased to one million. Meanwhile, in addition to Facebook accounts of Barack and Michelle Obama and Joe Biden, the Obama team created ten\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama on social media\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14134002\",\n \"text\": \"Assassination threats against Barack Obama Barack Obama, who was the 44th President of the United States, has been the target of several assassination threats and alleged plots since he first became a presidential candidate in 2007. Secret Service protection for Obama began after the Senator received a death threat in 2007, while serving as the junior Senator of Illinois and running for president. This marked the earliest time a candidate received such protection before being nominated. Security was increased early for Barack Obama due to fears of possible assassination attempts by white supremacist or other racist groups or individuals against\",\n \"title\": \"Assassination threats against Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12819361\",\n \"text\": \"Barack Obama: Der schwarze Kennedy Barack Obama – Der schwarze Kennedy () is a best-selling German-language biography of President of the United States Barack Obama by journalist Christoph von Marschall. The book was written by Marschall while he spent much of 2007 travelling with Obama's presidential campaign as a reporter for the Berlin newspaper \\\"Der Tagesspiegel\\\". It covers Obama’s life from his childhood, through his college years, his time as a community organizer in Chicago, Illinois, and his political career including his 2008 presidential campaign. Marschall sums up his impressions of Obama by saying, “Seine Lebensgeschichte steht für den amerikanischen\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama: Der schwarze Kennedy\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16945956\",\n \"text\": \"including President Barack Obama and John Lewis, the only speaker from the original rally to remain living. Obama spoke on the 50th anniversary of the Selma to Montgomery Marches, lauded unsung heroes and everyday Americans that stood up for justice. According to leading George W. Bush speechwriter Michael Gerson, the speech \\\"falls into the category of speeches that every child should read in school\\\" and is cited by the Washington Post as the Obama speech which will hold up best for posterity. After the Charleston church shooting, during which state senator Clementa C. Pinckney and eight other victims were gunned\",\n \"title\": \"Speeches of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12045016\",\n \"text\": \"born in 1640 in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, was one of Obama's maternal eighth great-grandfathers and is his earliest ancestor known to be born in North America. Obama's family in Kenya are members of the Luo people, the nation's second-largest ethnic group. Linguistically, Luo is one of the Nilotic languages. The Obama family is concentrated in the western Kenyan province of Nyanza. Paternal grandfather to Barack Obama, he was born Onyango Obama. (One source gives 1870–1975 as his dates of birth and death, possibly based on his tombstone in his home village. Barack Obama relates finding in 1988 a British\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12044994\",\n \"text\": \"Family of Barack Obama The family of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States, and his wife Michelle Obama is made up of people of Kenyan (Luo), African-American, and Old Stock American (including originally English, Scots-Irish, Welsh, German, and Swiss) ancestry. Their immediate family was the First Family of the United States from 2009 to 2017. The Obamas are the first First Family of African-American descent. Michelle LaVaughn Robinson Obama (born January 17, 1964) is an American lawyer, university administrator, and writer who served as the First Lady of the United States from 2009 to 2017. She is\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2826851\",\n \"text\": \"in Oslo, Norway on December 10, 2009, with \\\"deep gratitude and great humility.\\\" The award drew a mixture of praise and criticism from world leaders and media figures. Obama's peace prize was called a \\\"stunning surprise\\\" by \\\"The New York Times\\\". Obama is the fourth U.S. president to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize and the third to become a Nobel laureate while in office. Obama's Nobel Prize has been viewed skeptically in subsequent years, especially after the director of the Nobel Institute, Geir Lundestad, said Obama's Peace Prize did not have the desired effect. Barack Obama's presidency ended at\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16945950\",\n \"text\": \"rest of the world; where we take responsibility for our deficits; where we reform our government to meet the demands of a new age.\\\" The 2012 State of the Union Address was a speech given by former President Barack Obama, from 9 p.m. to 10:17 p.m. EST on Tuesday, January 24, 2012, in the chamber of the United States House of Representatives. In his speech, he focused on education reform, repairing America's infrastructure with money not used on the Iraq War, and creating new energy sources in America. Barack Obama's speech to the Clinton Global Initiative in 2012 took place\",\n \"title\": \"Speeches of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2826841\",\n \"text\": \"a significant public moment, greeted and shook hands with Obama at the Nelson Mandela memorial service in Johannesburg. In December 2014, after the secret meetings, it was announced that Obama, with Pope Francis as an intermediary, had negotiated a restoration of relations with Cuba, after nearly sixty years of détente. Popularly dubbed the Cuban Thaw, \\\"The New Republic\\\" deemed the Cuban Thaw to be \\\"Obama's finest foreign policy achievement.\\\" On July 1, 2015, President Barack Obama announced that formal diplomatic relations between Cuba and the United States would resume, and embassies would be opened in Washington and Havana. The countries'\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2826786\",\n \"text\": \"of the popular vote, Obama became the first Democratic president since Franklin D. Roosevelt to win the majority of the popular vote twice. President Obama addressed supporters and volunteers at Chicago's McCormick Place after his reelection and said: \\\"Tonight you voted for action, not politics as usual. You elected us to focus on your jobs, not ours. And in the coming weeks and months, I am looking forward to reaching out and working with leaders of both parties.\\\" The inauguration of Barack Obama as the 44th President took place on January 20, 2009. In his first few days in office,\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2826760\",\n \"text\": \"disclosure, Obama may be worth as much as $10 million. In early 2010, Michelle spoke about her husband's smoking habit and said that Barack had quit smoking. On his 55th birthday, August 4, 2016, Obama penned an essay in \\\"Glamour\\\", in which he described how his daughters and the presidency have made him a feminist. Obama is a Protestant Christian whose religious views developed in his adult life. He wrote in \\\"The Audacity of Hope\\\" that he \\\"was not raised in a religious household\\\". He described his mother, raised by non-religious parents, as being detached from religion, yet \\\"in many\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17336810\",\n \"text\": \"January 2011, Issa said in October 2010 that the committee would not seek to impeach Obama. In August 2011, Republican Congressman Michael C. Burgess of Texas agreed with a rally audience member that the impeachment of Barack Obama \\\"needs to happen\\\" in order to prevent Obama from \\\"pushing his agenda\\\". Burgess did not mention any grounds for impeachment. In June 2012, Senator Jon Kyl said on the Bill Bennett radio show that \\\"if it’s bad enough and if shenanigans involved in it, then of course impeachment is always a possibility. But I don’t think at this point anybody is talking\",\n \"title\": \"Efforts to impeach Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12223540\",\n \"text\": \"in his book \\\"The Case Against Barack Obama\\\") of Obama. In March 2009, the Pew Research Center reported that 11% of Americans still believed that Obama was a Muslim, with the percentages highest (19%) among self-identified white evangelical Protestants and people who disapproved of Obama's job performance in the first month of his presidency, and lowest (6%) among college graduates and blacks. The poll indicated that 48% of those surveyed believed that he was Christian, down 3% from October 2008, and that 35% did not know his religion. This faulty belief still persists and has even risen slightly as of\",\n \"title\": \"Public image of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16107274\",\n \"text\": \"day. Perry County, Alabama, has celebrated the second Monday of November as Barack Obama Day since 2009. County offices and schools are closed for the holiday. In 2017, Illinois State Representatives André Thapedi and Sonya Harper introduced a bill to designate Barack Obama Day as a state holiday. The original measure would have closed schools and state offices for the day. It was rejected by the House in March 2017, citing expense and the lack of a holiday for other presidents from Illinois, such as Ronald Reagan. That same year, State Senator Emil Jones III and others introduced Illinois Senate\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Day\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16989444\",\n \"text\": \"Barack Obama vs. Mitt Romney \\\"Barack Obama vs. Mitt Romney\\\" is a song and music video, performed by Iman Crosson, Peter \\\"Nice Peter\\\" Shukoff, and Lloyd \\\"EpicLLOYD\\\" Ahlquist. It is the 8th episode of the 2nd season of the YouTube video series \\\"Epic Rap Battles of History\\\". The video was released on 15 October 2012 on the show's YouTube channel in anticipation of the 2012 US presidential election. The video features President of the United States Barack Obama (portrayed by Iman Crosson) and former Governor of Massachusetts Mitt Romney (portrayed by Lloyd Ahlquist) facing off in a rap battle. Following\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama vs. Mitt Romney\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16892997\",\n \"text\": \"the man in question and the country he leads were in so many ways far beyond what the Founders could have imagined. And that, despite our natural tendency to glorify our origins, that this America was in virtually every way better than the one they offered up to us.\\\" Second inauguration of Barack Obama The second inauguration of Barack Obama as President of the United States, marked the commencement of the second term of Barack Obama as President and Joe Biden as Vice President. A private swearing-in ceremony took place on Sunday, January 20, 2013 in the Blue Room of\",\n \"title\": \"Second inauguration of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16892941\",\n \"text\": \"Second inauguration of Barack Obama The second inauguration of Barack Obama as President of the United States, marked the commencement of the second term of Barack Obama as President and Joe Biden as Vice President. A private swearing-in ceremony took place on Sunday, January 20, 2013 in the Blue Room of the White House. A public inauguration ceremony took place on Monday, January 21, 2013, at the United States Capitol building. The inauguration theme was \\\"Faith in America's Future\\\", a phrase that draws upon the 150th anniversary of Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation and the completion of the Capitol dome in\",\n \"title\": \"Second inauguration of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14470023\",\n \"text\": \"Barack Obama 2012 presidential campaign The 2012 reelection campaign of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States, was formally announced on April 4, 2011. Along with his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, Barack Obama was opposed in the general election by former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney, along with various minor candidates from other parties. The election took place on Tuesday, November 6, 2012. Obama's campaign headquarters was in Chicago and key members of his successful campaign in 2008, such as Jim Messina and David Axelrod, returned to staff it. On the day of the announcement, the campaign\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama 2012 presidential campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12817948\",\n \"text\": \"First inauguration of Barack Obama The first inauguration of Barack Obama as the 44th President of the United States took place on Tuesday, January 20, 2009. The inauguration, which set a record attendance for any event held in Washington, D.C., marked the commencement of the first four-year term of Barack Obama as President and Joe Biden as Vice President. Based on the combined attendance numbers, television viewership, and Internet traffic, it was among the most-observed events ever by the global audience. \\\"A New Birth of Freedom\\\", a phrase from the Gettysburg Address, served as the inaugural theme to commemorate the\",\n \"title\": \"First inauguration of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12648107\",\n \"text\": \"be included in the collection of the Presidential Library. Vice President Dick Cheney was injured moving out of his residence just before the inauguration and used a wheelchair during the ceremony. Presidential transition of Barack Obama The Presidential transition of Barack Obama began when Barack Obama won the United States presidential election on November 4, 2008, and became the President-elect. He was formally elected by the Electoral College on December 15, 2008. The results were certified by a joint session of Congress on January 8, 2009, and the transition ended when he was inaugurated at noon on January 20, 2009.\",\n \"title\": \"Presidential transition of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12332728\",\n \"text\": \"Corsi, and for the 527 group Swift Boat Veterans for Truth during the 2004 United States presidential election. The Case Against Barack Obama The Case Against Barack Obama: The Unlikely Rise and Unexamined Agenda of the Media's Favorite Candidate, by author David Freddoso, is a bestselling book published in late 2008, providing a critical examination of the life and opinions of the then United States presidential candidate and Senator Barack Obama. Freddoso was a political reporter for the website of the conservative magazine \\\"National Review\\\" when the book came out. He is now with the \\\"Washington Examiner\\\". The book was\",\n \"title\": \"The Case Against Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12332717\",\n \"text\": \"The Case Against Barack Obama The Case Against Barack Obama: The Unlikely Rise and Unexamined Agenda of the Media's Favorite Candidate, by author David Freddoso, is a bestselling book published in late 2008, providing a critical examination of the life and opinions of the then United States presidential candidate and Senator Barack Obama. Freddoso was a political reporter for the website of the conservative magazine \\\"National Review\\\" when the book came out. He is now with the \\\"Washington Examiner\\\". The book was published by Regnery Publishing. Freddoso said in an August 2008 interview that the book is an attempt to\",\n \"title\": \"The Case Against Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12074476\",\n \"text\": \"Barack Obama 2008 presidential campaign The 2008 presidential campaign of Barack Obama, then junior United States Senator from Illinois, was announced on February 10, 2007 in Springfield, Illinois. After winning a majority of delegates in the Democratic primaries of 2008, on August 23, leading up to the convention, the campaign announced that Senator Joe Biden of Delaware would be the vice presidential nominee. At the 2008 Democratic National Convention on August 27, Barack Obama was formally selected as the Democratic Party nominee for President of the United States in 2008. He was the first African American in history to be\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama 2008 presidential campaign\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12045034\",\n \"text\": \"and began dating Barack Sr. in Cambridge in June 1964, a month before his return to Kenya in August 1964. She followed Obama Sr. back to Kenya five weeks later, and married him in Kenya in a civil ceremony on December 24, 1964. She later became a private kindergarten director in Kenya. She had two sons with Barack Obama Sr.: Mark and David. She and Barack Sr. separated in 1971 and divorced about 1973. Since she remarried when her sons were young, they took their stepfather's surname, Ndesandjo, as their own. Her third son, Joseph Ndesandjo, was born c. 1980\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16945960\",\n \"text\": \"Speeches of Barack Obama Barack Obama served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017. Before his presidency, he served in the Illinois Senate (1997–2004) and the United States Senate (2005–2008). It was during his campaign for the United States Senate that he first made a speech that received nationwide attention; he gave the keynote address at the 2004 Democratic National Convention. and stated \\\"there is not a liberal America and a conservative America—there is the United States of America\\\". Obama began to run for president just three years after that speech. In response to a\",\n \"title\": \"Speeches of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16945941\",\n \"text\": \"Obama as the President of the United States. Following his victory in the United States presidential election, 2008, President-elect Barack Obama gave his victory speech at Grant Park in his home city of Chicago, Illinois, on November 4, 2008, before an estimated crowd of 240,000. Viewed on television and the Internet by millions of people around the globe, Obama's speech focused on the major issues facing the United States and the world, all echoed through his campaign slogan of change. He also mentioned his grandmother, who had died two nights earlier. United States President Barack Obama delivered a speech to\",\n \"title\": \"Speeches of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16945934\",\n \"text\": \"Speeches of Barack Obama Barack Obama served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017. Before his presidency, he served in the Illinois Senate (1997–2004) and the United States Senate (2005–2008). It was during his campaign for the United States Senate that he first made a speech that received nationwide attention; he gave the keynote address at the 2004 Democratic National Convention. and stated \\\"there is not a liberal America and a conservative America—there is the United States of America\\\". Obama began to run for president just three years after that speech. In response to a\",\n \"title\": \"Speeches of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12966524\",\n \"text\": \"president-elect was featured in Secret Invasion #8; this is the first appearance of president-elect Barack Obama in a Marvel comic. Obama the comic book character has been put on the cover and pages of many other comics including \\\"Savage Dragon\\\" No. 145 (February 2008) by Erik Larsen and \\\"Youngblood\\\" No. 8 (February 2008) by Rob Liefeld. The \\\"Savage Dragon\\\" No. 145 had a special edition variant only offered at the WonderCon 2009 in San Francisco in March 2009 (only 1,500 were produced). On the cover, Barack Obama can be seen holding an American flag and punching Osama Bin Laden in\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama in comics\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12045027\",\n \"text\": \"children together: Abongo [Roy] and Auma; and she has also claimed Bernard and Abo Obama as sons by Barack Sr. She lives in Bracknell, Berkshire, England. On March 22, 2009, Kezia Obama made a guest appearance on the British television show \\\"Chris Moyles' Quiz Night.\\\" Her sister, Jane, is the 'Auntie Jane' mentioned at the very start of \\\"Dreams from My Father;\\\" she telephoned Obama in the US in 1982 to tell him that his father had been killed in a car accident in Kenya. Barack Obama's half-brother, also known as Abongo or Roy, was born c. March 1958, the\",\n \"title\": \"Family of Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18920426\",\n \"text\": \"should read in school.\\\" The speech was described in \\\"The New York Times\\\" as: reminiscent of Mr. Obama’s 2004 address to the Democratic National Convention; his speech on race in Philadelphia during the 2008 Democratic primaries; and some of his more impassioned moments on the campaign trail. The \\\"Washington Post\\\" opined that this speech would be most enduring in the history books. Barack Obama Selma 50th anniversary speech On March 7, 2015, President of the United States Barack Obama delivered a speech at Edmund Pettus Bridge to mark the 50th anniversary of the Selma to Montgomery marches on the subject\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama Selma 50th anniversary speech\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14134010\",\n \"text\": \"and weapons charges and sentenced, but did not face federal charges of threatening a presidential candidate. Paul Schlesselman and Daniel Cowart, two men with strong white supremacist beliefs, allegedly planned a murder spree of 88 African-Americans (14 of whom they were planning to behead) in Tennessee, many of whom were to be young students at an unidentified, predominantly African-American school. They allegedly planned to end the spree by driving their vehicle toward Barack Obama as fast as they could and shooting at him from the windows. The two men were arrested on October 22, 2008, after they bragged to their\",\n \"title\": \"Assassination threats against Barack Obama\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17827539\",\n \"text\": \"Barack Obama on mass surveillance U.S. president Barack Obama has received widespread criticism due to his support of government surveillance. President Obama had released many statements on mass surveillance as a result. As a senator, Obama condemned the Patriot Act for violating the rights of American citizens. He argued that it allowed government agents to perform extensive and in-depth searches on American citizens without a search warrant. He also argued that it was possible to secure the United States against terrorist attacks while preserving individual liberty. In 2011, Obama signed a four-year renewal of the Patriot Act, specifically provisions allowing\",\n \"title\": \"Barack Obama on mass surveillance\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12223568\",\n \"text\": \"film \\\"My Name is Khan.\\\" Barack Obama is depicted three times in the TV series \\\"The Boondocks\\\", while in the episode, \\\"It's a Black President, Huey Freeman\\\", snippets of his words are used and his superstar image is parodied. Subsequently, in the episode \\\"The Fried Chicken Flu\\\" Obama is portrayed less favorably as being rather ineffectual despite being full of rhetoric. Obama has been the subject of various impersonators, including Reggie Brown and Iman Crosson. Obama has been impersonated on the sketch show \\\"Saturday Night Live\\\" more than 60 times between 2008 and 2016, where he was parodied by first\",\n \"title\": \"Public image of Barack Obama\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["occidental college","harvard law school","noelani elementary school","punahou school","state elementary school menteng 01","st. francis of assisi catholic school","columbia university"],"string":"[\n \"occidental college\",\n \"harvard law school\",\n \"noelani elementary school\",\n \"punahou school\",\n \"state elementary school menteng 01\",\n \"st. francis of assisi catholic school\",\n \"columbia university\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":598,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"what jobs did albert einstein have?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"2626230","text":"being behind a \"soft coup\" attempt in Venezuela. Dr. Sharp and the Albert Einstein Institution have dismissed such accusations. In response to the accusations against the institution, professor Stephen Zunes initiated a petition titled \"Open Letter in Support of Gene Sharp and Strategic Nonviolent Action\" which expresses support for Dr Sharp and the Albert Einstein Institution. The petition was signed by many prominent left-wing scholars and activists, including Howard Zinn and Noam Chomsky. Albert Einstein Institution The Albert Einstein Institution is a non-profit organization that specializes in the study of the methods of nonviolent resistance in conflicts and to explore","title":"Albert Einstein Institution"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2626230\",\n \"text\": \"being behind a \\\"soft coup\\\" attempt in Venezuela. Dr. Sharp and the Albert Einstein Institution have dismissed such accusations. In response to the accusations against the institution, professor Stephen Zunes initiated a petition titled \\\"Open Letter in Support of Gene Sharp and Strategic Nonviolent Action\\\" which expresses support for Dr Sharp and the Albert Einstein Institution. The petition was signed by many prominent left-wing scholars and activists, including Howard Zinn and Noam Chomsky. Albert Einstein Institution The Albert Einstein Institution is a non-profit organization that specializes in the study of the methods of nonviolent resistance in conflicts and to explore\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein Institution\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"14539386","text":"the United States to be certified by the Joint Commission International. Ophthalmologist Dr. Cláudio Lottenberg began as president of Albert Einstein in December 2001. It is one of the most well-known health units in Brazil due to the quality of care, medical equipment and expertise at its disposal to address the main types of pathologies. It has a social assistance program in the Paraisópolis favela, near the hospital. The Hospital also hosts a nursing school and will in the future have also a medical school. Albert Einstein Israelite Hospital The Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (English: Albert Einstein Israelite Hospital) is","title":"Albert Einstein Israelite Hospital"},{"psg_id":"13632157","text":"Religious and philosophical views of Albert Einstein Albert Einstein's religious views have been widely studied and often misunderstood. Einstein stated that he believed in the pantheistic God of Baruch Spinoza. He did not believe in a personal God who concerns himself with fates and actions of human beings, a view which he described as naïve. He clarified however that, \"I am not an atheist\", preferring to call himself an agnostic, or a \"religious nonbeliever.\" Einstein also stated he did not believe in life after death, adding \"one life is enough for me.\" He was closely involved in his lifetime with","title":"Religious and philosophical views of Albert Einstein"},{"psg_id":"17111425","text":"not be blown away by the album, but Prodigy and Alchemist have put together a highly enjoyable album.\" Jaroslav Lavick of RapReviews gave the album an 8.5 out of ten, saying \"This album is Prodigy and Alchemist giving long time fans exactly what they want.\" Peter Marrack of \"Exclaim!\" gave the album a six out of ten, saying \"He's casual, not always sincere, but dangerously convincing; his bars haven't faltered since his early Mobb Deep days and Einstein is no exception.\" Nate Patrin of Pitchfork Media gave the album an 8.2 out of 10, saying \"\"Albert Einstein\" is so casually","title":"Albert Einstein (album)"},{"psg_id":"14246699","text":"Russian, as \"Al'bert Ejnštejn – tvorec i buntar\"(1975) ; into French, as \"Albert Einstein : créateur et rebelle\" (1975) ; into Slovenian, as \"Albert Einstein, ustvarjalec in upornik\" (1980); into German, as \"Albert Einstein, Schöpfer und Rebell\" in 1978; Italian, as \"Albert Einstein, creatore e ribelle\" (1977, reprinted 1988); Dutch, as \"Albert Einstein : schepper en rebel\" (1975); Spanish, as \"Einstein\" (1984); Japanese, as \"Ainshutain, sozo to hankotsu no hito\" (1974), Georgian, as \"Albert Einsteini : Shemokmedi Da Meambokhe\", and Greek, as \"Αϊνστάιν, δημιουργός και επαναστάτης\" (1982). Albert Einstein: Creator and Rebel Albert Einstein: Creator and Rebel is a book","title":"Albert Einstein: Creator and Rebel"},{"psg_id":"2065","text":"affiliated with the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, until his death in 1955. Einstein published more than 300 scientific papers and more than 150 non-scientific works. His intellectual achievements and originality have made the word \"Einstein\" synonymous with \"genius\". Eugene Wigner wrote of Einstein in comparison to his contemporaries that \"Einstein's understanding was deeper even than Jancsi von Neumann's. His mind was both more penetrating and more original than von Neumann's. And that is a very remarkable statement.\" Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, in the Kingdom of Württemberg in the German Empire, on 14 March 1879.","title":"Albert Einstein"},{"psg_id":"15367717","text":"atmosphere and was destroyed, as planned, on 2 November 2013. The \"Albert Einstein\" supplied the ISS with dry cargo, fuel, water and air to ensure the continued operation of the station. In addition, the ATV used its own thrusters and fuel supply to reboost the ISS, to counteract the drag the residual atmosphere imposes on the station. The total cost of the \"Albert Einstein\" mission was approximately 450 million euros. At the time of its launch, the \"Albert Einstein\" held the record for: A full cargo breakdown is provided in the following table: \"Albert Einstein\" arrived at the Guiana Space","title":"Albert Einstein ATV"},{"psg_id":"10934767","text":"Albert Einstein House The Albert Einstein House at 112 Mercer Street in Princeton, Mercer County, New Jersey, United States was the home of Albert Einstein from 1935 until his death in 1955. His wife Elsa Einstein died in 1936 while living in this house. The house was built sometime before 1876, as it originally stood on Alexander Street where Stuart Hall of the Princeton Theological Seminary was built in that year, also displacing the house now at 108 Mercer. The home is a simple pattern-book cottage and not in itself of unusual significance. Elsa Einstein purchased the home from Mary","title":"Albert Einstein House"},{"psg_id":"14339399","text":"a joint project of the former Albert-Einstein-Schule, in cooperation with Wath Comprehensive School in Rotherham, England and Col·legi Pare Manyanet in Barcelona, Spain. In August 2010, the Albert-Einstein-Schule merged with the Gymnasium am Ostring to form a new school, named \"Neues Gymnasium Bochum\". The new school was temporarily located at the Erich Kästner Schule while the new buildings were under construction. It opened following the fall recess on October 22, 2012. The new buildings are on the site of the former buildings, which were razed to permit the new construction. Albert-Einstein-Schule Albert-Einstein-Schule was a Gymnasium for boys and girls from","title":"Albert-Einstein-Schule"},{"psg_id":"18414457","text":"I Am Albert Einstein I Am Albert Einstein is a children's book written by Brad Meltzer in the \"Ordinary People Change the World\" series. It follows the adventures of a young Albert Einstein learning important lessons. The book features a young Albert Einstein, before he discovered the theory of relativity. As a child, young Albert Einstein was given a compass that fascinated him. No matter which was he turned it, it pointed north. The compass had a profound impact on his life. It inspired him to never stop being curious, and never stop discovering. The idea for the \"Ordinary People","title":"I Am Albert Einstein"},{"psg_id":"14539385","text":"Albert Einstein Israelite Hospital The Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (English: Albert Einstein Israelite Hospital) is a Brazilian hospital, located in the Morumbi district, on the south side of São Paulo. It's considered one of the best hospitals in Latin America. A group of Jewish community members in São Paulo founded the Sociedade Beneficente Israelita Brasileira Albert Einstein (SBIBAE) in 1955. The SBIBAE began construction of the Albert Einstein Hospital three years later on 14 September 1958 on land donated by Ema Gordon Klabin. The hospital was inaugurated on 28 July 1971. In 1999, it was the first health institution outside","title":"Albert Einstein Israelite Hospital"},{"psg_id":"10934770","text":"even though it is owned by IAS, and is not open to public. There is no marker, however strategically placed plaques state \"Private Residence\". Albert Einstein House The Albert Einstein House at 112 Mercer Street in Princeton, Mercer County, New Jersey, United States was the home of Albert Einstein from 1935 until his death in 1955. His wife Elsa Einstein died in 1936 while living in this house. The house was built sometime before 1876, as it originally stood on Alexander Street where Stuart Hall of the Princeton Theological Seminary was built in that year, also displacing the house now","title":"Albert Einstein House"},{"psg_id":"6911653","text":"Albert Einstein Peace Prize The Albert Einstein Peace Prize is/was a peace prize awarded annually since 1980 by the Albert Einstein Peace Prize Foundation. The Foundation dates from 1979, the centenary of the birth of Albert Einstein, and evokes the Russell–Einstein Manifesto which urges nuclear disarmament. It was established, with the sponsorship of the trustees of Einstein's estate, by William M. Swartz (1912–87) a wealthy businessman and the grandfather of activist Aaron Swartz. William M. Swartz was involved in the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs and established the Foundation in part to support Pugwash. Prize winners, mainly active","title":"Albert Einstein Peace Prize"},{"psg_id":"6911654","text":"in nuclear disarmament, receive(d) $50,000. Albert Einstein Peace Prize The Albert Einstein Peace Prize is/was a peace prize awarded annually since 1980 by the Albert Einstein Peace Prize Foundation. The Foundation dates from 1979, the centenary of the birth of Albert Einstein, and evokes the Russell–Einstein Manifesto which urges nuclear disarmament. It was established, with the sponsorship of the trustees of Einstein's estate, by William M. Swartz (1912–87) a wealthy businessman and the grandfather of activist Aaron Swartz. William M. Swartz was involved in the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs and established the Foundation in part to support","title":"Albert Einstein Peace Prize"},{"psg_id":"2066","text":"His parents were Hermann Einstein, a salesman and engineer, and Pauline Koch. In 1880, the family moved to Munich, where Einstein's father and his uncle Jakob founded \"Elektrotechnische Fabrik J. Einstein & Cie\", a company that manufactured electrical equipment based on direct current. The Einsteins were non-observant Ashkenazi Jews, and Albert attended a Catholic elementary school in Munich, from the age of 5, for three years. At the age of 8, he was transferred to the Luitpold Gymnasium (now known as the Albert Einstein Gymnasium), where he received advanced primary and secondary school education until he left the German Empire","title":"Albert Einstein"},{"psg_id":"16565450","text":"UNESCO Albert Einstein medal The UNESCO Albert Einstein Medal is awarded to outstanding scientific personalities who made a great contribution to science and international scientific cooperation. The medal was established by UNESCO to celebrate the centenary of the birth of Albert Einstein in 1979. The medal is awarded in gold, silver and bronze. The medal was designed by the French engraver Max Léognany. The medal's obverse features a portrait of Albert Einstein in his later years. On the reverse, a silhouette of Einstein’s head forms the backdrop for three of the mathematical equations that sum up his essential contributions to","title":"UNESCO Albert Einstein medal"},{"psg_id":"4611321","text":"white chocolate was once on display in the Marriott Wardman Park Hotel in Washington, DC. In July 2012, the sculpture was yarn bombed by the Polish-born artist Olek, who enclosed the entire statue in a colorful crocheted wrap of pinks, purples, and teal. Albert Einstein Memorial The Albert Einstein Memorial is a monumental bronze statue depicting Albert Einstein seated with manuscript papers in hand by sculptor Robert Berks. It is located in central Washington, D.C., United States, in a grove of trees at the southwest corner of the grounds of the National Academy of Sciences at 2101 Constitution Avenue N.W.,","title":"Albert Einstein Memorial"},{"psg_id":"4611315","text":"Albert Einstein Memorial The Albert Einstein Memorial is a monumental bronze statue depicting Albert Einstein seated with manuscript papers in hand by sculptor Robert Berks. It is located in central Washington, D.C., United States, in a grove of trees at the southwest corner of the grounds of the National Academy of Sciences at 2101 Constitution Avenue N.W., near the Vietnam Veterans Memorial. The memorial, situated in an elm and holly grove in the southwest corner of the grounds of the National Academy of Sciences, was unveiled at the Academy's annual meeting, April 22, 1979, in honor of the centennial of","title":"Albert Einstein Memorial"},{"psg_id":"4410563","text":"recognition for more than twenty years of devoted and distinguished service to Applied Mechanics Reviews by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (1972). In 1927 Hans Albert Einstein married Frieda Knecht. Albert disapproved of Frieda much as his parents had of Mileva. Einstein and Frieda had four children: Frieda died in 1958, and Hans Albert later married neurochemist Elizabeth Roboz (1904–1995). Einstein was an avid sailor, frequently taking colleagues and family out for excursions on the San Francisco Bay. On his many field trips and academic excursions, he took thousands of pictures, many of which he developed himself and presented","title":"Hans Albert Einstein"},{"psg_id":"17111427","text":"part sick signature Alchemist beats, with the addition of some new sounds that are just right.\" The album debuted at number 175 on the \"Billboard\" 200 chart, with first-week sales of 3,000 copies in the United States. Credits for \"Albert Einstein\" adapted from Allmusic. Albert Einstein (album) Albert Einstein is the second collaborative studio album by American hip hop recording artist Prodigy of Mobb Deep and American record producer The Alchemist. The album was released on June 11, 2013, by Infamous Records. The album features guest appearances from Roc Marciano, Domo Genesis, The Alchemist, Havoc, Raekwon and Action Bronson. On","title":"Albert Einstein (album)"},{"psg_id":"17111421","text":"Albert Einstein (album) Albert Einstein is the second collaborative studio album by American hip hop recording artist Prodigy of Mobb Deep and American record producer The Alchemist. The album was released on June 11, 2013, by Infamous Records. The album features guest appearances from Roc Marciano, Domo Genesis, The Alchemist, Havoc, Raekwon and Action Bronson. On November 27, 2012 Prodigy announced an upcoming collaboration album with producer The Alchemist via his Twitter account, along with the title of \"Albert Einstein\". He also would say the album was scheduled for an early 2013 release. It would be their second collaboration album","title":"Albert Einstein (album)"},{"psg_id":"4410560","text":"father, Albert Einstein, worked as a clerk in the patent office. His father was of German-Jewish descent and his mother, Mileva Marić, Serbian-Orthodox. His younger brother, Eduard Einstein, was born in 1910 and died in 1965. The fate of his older sister, Lieserl Einstein, Albert Einstein's and Mileva Marić's first child, is unknown. Their parents divorced in 1919 after living apart for five years. Einstein followed his mother's and father's footsteps and studied at ETH, the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, in Zurich, Switzerland. In 1926 he was awarded a diploma in civil engineering. From 1926 to 1930 he worked","title":"Hans Albert Einstein"},{"psg_id":"15367716","text":"Kourou on 31 August 2012 to begin launch preparations. \"Albert Einstein\" was launched on an Ariane 5ES rocket from the Guiana Space Centre in Kourou, French Guiana at 21:52:11 UTC on 5 June 2013. The launch was conducted by Arianespace on behalf of the European Space Agency (ESA). At the time of its launch, \"Albert Einstein\" was the heaviest spacecraft ever launched to orbit by an Ariane rocket, with a total mass of . The ATV docked successfully with the ISS at 14:07 UTC (16:07 CEST) on 15 June 2013. After a successful five-month mission, \"Albert Einstein\" re-entered the Earth's","title":"Albert Einstein ATV"},{"psg_id":"14339398","text":"Albert-Einstein-Schule Albert-Einstein-Schule was a Gymnasium for boys and girls from grades 5–13 in Bochum, Germany. It had about 900 students. Just south of downtown Bochum, the school was in the Wiemelhausen section of town and shared a campus with the Hans Böckler Realschule. The school had an emphasis in natural science and English. It had a bilingual program, where some classes were taught in English, rather than German. Albert-Einstein-Schule was certified as a European School in February 2008. The school's last day of classes was July 14, 2010. The \"Comenius Project,\" dedicated to exchanging ideas to solve environmental problems, is","title":"Albert-Einstein-Schule"},{"psg_id":"10599185","text":"singer Giorgos Lembesis has released a song titled \"Einstein\" in which he states that he always admired Albert Einstein, but now he needs his help in his relationship problems. On the seventh episode of \"Epic Rap Battles of History\", Albert Einstein (portrayed by Zach Sherwin) faced off against Stephen Hawking (portrayed by series co-founder Nice Peter). The song Portrait (He Knew) by Kansas is about Albert Einstein and his life. Albert Einstein's handwriting has been digitised as a font in an art project by typographer Harald Geisler and dancer Elizabeth Waterhouse. The font enables the user to write like Einstein","title":"Albert Einstein in popular culture"},{"psg_id":"10934768","text":"Clark Marden on July 24, 1935 for an undisclosed sum according to the deed which was recorded by the Mercer County Clerk's Office on August 1, 1935. Albert Einstein reportedly requested that this house not be made a museum, and the family did not want it to be recognized as such. Nonetheless it was added to the National Register of Historic Places and further designated a U.S. National Historic Landmark in 1976. After him, the house was owned by his sculptor step-daughter Margot Einstein until she died in 1986. The house was previously owned by Eric Maskin and his family","title":"Albert Einstein House"},{"psg_id":"2122","text":"published more than 300 scientific papers and 150 non-scientific ones. On 5 December 2014, universities and archives announced the release of Einstein's papers, comprising more than 30,000 unique documents. Einstein's intellectual achievements and originality have made the word \"Einstein\" synonymous with \"genius.\" In addition to the work he did by himself he also collaborated with other scientists on additional projects including the Bose–Einstein statistics, the Einstein refrigerator and others. The \"Annus Mirabilis\" papers are four articles pertaining to the photoelectric effect (which gave rise to quantum theory), Brownian motion, the special theory of relativity, and E = mc that Einstein","title":"Albert Einstein"},{"psg_id":"13704784","text":"what was to become the Soviet bloc. After World War II, enmity between the former allies became a very serious issue for people with international résumés. To make things worse, during the first days of McCarthyism, Einstein was writing about a single world government; it was at this time that he wrote, \"I do not know how the third World War will be fought, but I can tell you what they will use in the Fourth — sticks and stones.\" In a 1949 \"Monthly Review\" article entitled \"Why Socialism?\" Albert Einstein described a chaotic capitalist society, a source of evil","title":"Political views of Albert Einstein"},{"psg_id":"15992612","text":"Steve Jobs (book) Steve Jobs is the authorized self-titled biography book of Steve Jobs. The book was written at the request of Jobs by Walter Isaacson, a former executive at CNN and \"TIME\" who has written best-selling biographies of Benjamin Franklin and Albert Einstein. Based on more than forty interviews with Jobs conducted over two years—in addition to interviews with more than one hundred family members, friends, adversaries, competitors, and colleagues—Isaacson was given \"unprecedented\" access to Jobs's life. Jobs is said to have encouraged the people interviewed to speak honestly. Although Jobs cooperated with the book, he asked for no","title":"Steve Jobs (book)"},{"psg_id":"2159","text":"were included in the papers bequeathed to The Hebrew University. Margot Einstein permitted the personal letters to be made available to the public, but requested that it not be done until twenty years after her death (she died in 1986). Einstein had expressed his interest in the plumbing profession and was made an honorary member of the Plumbers and Steamfitters Union. Barbara Wolff, of The Hebrew University's Albert Einstein Archives, told the BBC that there are about 3,500 pages of private correspondence written between 1912 and 1955. Corbis, successor to The Roger Richman Agency, licenses the use of his name","title":"Albert Einstein"},{"psg_id":"10599170","text":"Albert Einstein in popular culture Albert Einstein has been the subject of, or inspiration for, many works of popular culture. On Einstein's 72nd birthday on March 14, 1951, United Press photographer Arthur Sasse was trying to persuade him to smile for the camera, but having smiled for photographers many times that day, Einstein stuck out his tongue instead. This photograph became one of the most popular ever taken of Einstein, often used in merchandise depicting him in a lighthearted sense. Einstein enjoyed this photo and requested UPI to give him nine copies for personal use, one of which he signed","title":"Albert Einstein in popular culture"},{"psg_id":"19245804","text":"women, including the woman who would become his second wife, Elsa. Also to be included in the online collection is a letter to the Arabic newspaper \"Falastin\", proposing a \"Secret Council\" composed of Arabs and Jews to resolve the Arab–Israeli conflict. Albert Einstein visited Palestine in 1923 for 12 days, giving the first lecture at the Mount Scopus campus of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem—two years before the University opened in 1925. Menachem Ussishkin, the president of the Zionist Executive, invited Einstein to settle in Jerusalem, but this was the only visit that Einstein actually made to Jerusalem. However, Einstein","title":"Albert Einstein Archives"},{"psg_id":"19114751","text":"to the city. The Albert Einstein Archives are located at the Givat Ram campus of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Einstein was supportive of the Hebrew University in particular as well as Zionism and education in general, hence the naming of this square in association with several higher education and research-oriented institutions of national importance in Israel to honour Einstein, together with a statue of Einstein in nearby gardens of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities. Landmarks near by are the Jerusalem Theatre and the official residence of the President of Israel. Further to the southwest is the Museum","title":"Albert Einstein Square"},{"psg_id":"15832579","text":"after-school activities, acceleration programs and revision courses. After-school activities: Albert Einstein International School Amsterdam The Albert Einstein International School (AEIS) in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, provides an international specialist education that emphasizes on Science, Languages and Art within a caring community from kindergarten through twelfth grade students from all countries, including a limited number of Dutch students. The School promotes the appreciation of the diversity of persons and cultures, provides an optimal environment for learning and teaching, and offers a global curriculum that inspires in its students the spirit and ideals of the United Nations. The Albert Einstein International school is","title":"Albert Einstein International School Amsterdam"},{"psg_id":"15832577","text":"Albert Einstein International School Amsterdam The Albert Einstein International School (AEIS) in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, provides an international specialist education that emphasizes on Science, Languages and Art within a caring community from kindergarten through twelfth grade students from all countries, including a limited number of Dutch students. The School promotes the appreciation of the diversity of persons and cultures, provides an optimal environment for learning and teaching, and offers a global curriculum that inspires in its students the spirit and ideals of the United Nations. The Albert Einstein International school is a modern, comprehensive, co-educational day and boarding school serving","title":"Albert Einstein International School Amsterdam"},{"psg_id":"14246698","text":"Albert Einstein: Creator and Rebel Albert Einstein: Creator and Rebel is a book by Banesh Hoffmann with the collaboration of Helen Dukas. The book is a biography of Albert Einstein, including both his personal and academic life with references to specific events and people. The book also presents Einstein's photographs from his archives. The work was published in 1972 by Viking Press, , held in 1175 WorldCat libraries. It was reviewed by many general newspapers and magazines, including \"The New York Times\" and the \"Los Angeles Times\". It was also reviewed in academic periodicals, including \"ISIS\" It was translated into","title":"Albert Einstein: Creator and Rebel"},{"psg_id":"2626228","text":"use of nonviolent action\". To further this mission, the Institution has supported research projects; actively consulted with resistance and pro-democracy groups from Burma, Thailand, Egypt, Tibet, Serbia, Equatorial Guinea, the Occupied Palestinian Territories, and elsewhere; and worked to publicize the power and potential of nonviolent struggle around the world through educational materials, scholarly writings, workshops, and the media. The Albert Einstein Institution was founded in 1983 and operates out of a small office in East Boston, Massachusetts. A feature documentary by Scottish director, Ruaridh Arrow, \"How to Start a Revolution\", about the global influence of the Albert Einstein Institution and","title":"Albert Einstein Institution"},{"psg_id":"2123049","text":"first student-coordinated free clinic. Albert Einstein College of Medicine The Albert Einstein College of Medicine (\"Einstein\" for short), a joint entity between Montefiore Medical Center and Yeshiva University (until 2018), is a private, not-for-profit, nonsectarian medical school located in the Morris Park neighborhood of the Bronx in New York City. In addition to Doctor of Medicine degrees, Einstein offers Doctor of Philosophy degrees in the biomedical sciences and clinical investigation through its Sue Golding Graduate Division. Gordon F. Tomaselli, became the Marilyn and Stanley M. Katz Dean in July 2018. Einstein's areas of focus are medical education, basic research, and","title":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine"},{"psg_id":"2123038","text":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine The Albert Einstein College of Medicine (\"Einstein\" for short), a joint entity between Montefiore Medical Center and Yeshiva University (until 2018), is a private, not-for-profit, nonsectarian medical school located in the Morris Park neighborhood of the Bronx in New York City. In addition to Doctor of Medicine degrees, Einstein offers Doctor of Philosophy degrees in the biomedical sciences and clinical investigation through its Sue Golding Graduate Division. Gordon F. Tomaselli, became the Marilyn and Stanley M. Katz Dean in July 2018. Einstein's areas of focus are medical education, basic research, and clinical research. The school","title":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine"},{"psg_id":"15367722","text":"1 August 2013 in an operation that took approximately 1.5 hours; this fuel allowed the ISS to adjust its orbit in the absence of docked vessels to perform reboosts. The pipelines were then purged to avoid any complications during \"Albert Einstein\"'s undocking from the ISS. \"Albert Einstein\" undocked safely from the ISS at 08:55 UTC (09:55 CET) on 28 October 2013; it then conducted a series of orbital adjustments to allow the ISS astronauts to clearly observe its re-entry. On 2 November, it re-entered Earth's atmosphere and burnt up, along with a payload of ISS waste, over the Pacific Ocean.","title":"Albert Einstein ATV"},{"psg_id":"15367720","text":"was opened on 18 June. The hatch opening was delayed by a day due to concerns raised by Roscosmos that the cargo had not been disinfected satisfactorily. On 19 June 2013, \"Albert Einstein\" conducted its first reboost of the ISS, performing a 407-second burn which provided a delta-v change of 1.0 m/s to the station. A further reboost was undertaken on 10 July 2013, where a burn of just less than 10 minutes provided a delta-v change of 1.45 m/s; this operation consumed of propellant. By 12 July 2013, all the dry cargo had been unloaded from \"Albert Einstein\", allowing","title":"Albert Einstein ATV"},{"psg_id":"19245808","text":"and Milton Handler of the American Friends of The Hebrew University worked on the transfer of the material to Jerusalem. In subsequent years, additional material was sent from Einstein's Princeton home. The Bern Dibner Curatorship, which manages the Albert Einstein Archives, was established in 1988 by the Dibner Fund of Connecticut, USA. The first curator of the Einstein Archives was Ze'ev Rosenkranz whose term extended from 1989 to 2003. The catalogue was made available online in 2003. Since 2004, Roni Grosz has been the head of the Archives. The Einstein Archives became part of the Hebrew University's Library Authority in","title":"Albert Einstein Archives"},{"psg_id":"2074","text":"named \"Lieserl\", born in early 1902 in Novi Sad where Marić was staying with her parents. Marić returned to Switzerland without the child, whose real name and fate are unknown. The contents of Einstein's letter in September 1903 suggest that the girl was either given up for adoption or died of scarlet fever in infancy. Einstein and Marić married in January 1903. In May 1904, their son Hans Albert Einstein was born in Bern, Switzerland. Their son Eduard was born in Zürich in July 1910. The couple moved to Berlin in April 1914, but Marić returned to Zürich with their","title":"Albert Einstein"},{"psg_id":"10599186","text":"on a computer or smartphone. The project was created in collaboration with the Albert Einstein Archives Jerusalem and presented 2015 on the crowdfunding platform Kickstarter where the campaign was supported by 2334 backers. Each letter of the font is based on Einstein's manuscripts, different variations of each letter are stored in the font and exchanged automatically during typing to create a natural look. The Albert Einstein font was used to reenact the 1932 letter exchange between Einstein and Sigmund Freud. In 2017 at the 85th anniversary of the exchange, which was published in 1933 under the title \"Why War\", Harald","title":"Albert Einstein in popular culture"},{"psg_id":"10179355","text":"Albert Einstein International School of San Pedro Sula The Albert Einstein International School of San Pedro Sula (AEIS) is a college-preparatory international school located in San Pedro Sula, the second largest and industrial city of Honduras. It is a private coeducational day school, which offers an American education system to Honduran and foreign students in San Pedro Sula. The school offers a comprehensive college preparatory program from kindergarten through 12th grade. The school, previously named Albert Einstein School of San Pedro Sula or Escuela Bilingue Albert Einstein, was founded in 1990. In 2005, the school administration decided to make a","title":"Albert Einstein International School of San Pedro Sula"},{"psg_id":"18414459","text":"than inform\" The book was named the #3 best children's nonfiction book of 2014 by Amazon. When \"I Am Rosa Parks\" was released, all previous three books in the \"Ordinary People Change the World\" series appeared simultaneously on the \"New York Times\" Bestseller List: \"I Am Rosa Parks\" at #2; \"I Am Abraham Lincoln\" at #6; and \"I Am Amelia Earhart\" at #8. Meltzer was featured on many morning news shows to discuss the books, including \"CBS This Morning\". I Am Albert Einstein I Am Albert Einstein is a children's book written by Brad Meltzer in the \"Ordinary People Change","title":"I Am Albert Einstein"},{"psg_id":"2073","text":"years, Einstein and Marić's friendship developed into romance, and they read books together on extra-curricular physics in which Einstein was taking an increasing interest. In 1900, Einstein passed the exams in Maths and Physics and was awarded the Federal Polytechnic teaching diploma. There have been claims that Marić collaborated with Einstein on his 1905 papers, known as the \"Annus Mirabilis\" papers, but historians of physics who have studied the issue find no evidence that she made any substantive contributions. An early correspondence between Einstein and Marić was discovered and published in 1987 which revealed that the couple had a daughter","title":"Albert Einstein"},{"psg_id":"8798493","text":"He finished high school at Eerde, a boarding school in the Netherlands at age 16 and moved to the United States as an exchange student. He attended Furman University in Greenville, South Carolina. One of the first things he did upon arriving was look up his last name in the phone book. The only Einstein he found was a relative: Albert Einstein's son, Hans Albert Einstein. They became friends and he was often invited over whenever Albert visited. He earned his medical degree from New York Medical College in 1946 and did his internship at Paterson General Hospital in Paterson,","title":"Hans Einstein"},{"psg_id":"13704785","text":"to be overcome, as the \"predatory phase of human development\" . With Albert Schweitzer and Bertrand Russell, Einstein lobbied to stop nuclear testing and future bombs. Days before his death, Einstein signed the Russell-Einstein Manifesto, which led to the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs. Einstein was a member of several civil rights groups, including the Princeton chapter of the NAACP. When the aged W. E. B. Du Bois was accused of being a Communist spy, Einstein volunteered as a character witness, and the case was dismissed shortly afterward. Einstein's friendship with activist Paul Robeson, with whom he served","title":"Political views of Albert Einstein"},{"psg_id":"3828847","text":"position, making it completely clear that what really disturbed him about the quantum theory was the problem of the total renunciation of all minimal standards of realism, even at the microscopic level, that the acceptance of the completeness of the theory implied. Although the majority of experts in the field agree that Einstein was wrong, the current understanding is still not complete (see Interpretation of quantum mechanics). There is no scientific consensus that determinism would have been refuted. Bohr–Einstein debates The Bohr–Einstein debates were a series of public disputes about quantum mechanics between Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr. Their debates","title":"Bohr–Einstein debates"},{"psg_id":"2150","text":"playing at dice.\" Indeed, it was Einstein himself, in his 1917 paper that proposed the possibility of stimulated emission, who first proposed the fundamental role of chance in explaining quantum processes. Rather, he objected to what quantum mechanics implies about the nature of reality. Einstein believed that a physical reality exists independent of our ability to observe it. In contrast, Bohr and his followers maintained that all we can know are the results of measurements and observations, and that it makes no sense to speculate about an ultimate reality that exists beyond our perceptions. The Bohr–Einstein debates were a series","title":"Albert Einstein"},{"psg_id":"8298432","text":"Albert Einstein German Academic Refugee Initiative Fund The Albert Einstein German Academic Refugee Initiative Fund (German: \"Deutsche Akademische Flüchtlings Initiative Albert Einstein\" or \"DAFI\") scholarship programme offers refugee students the possibility to pursue an undergraduate degree in their country of asylum. Through the dedicated support of the German Government, and additional private donors, UNHCR was able to support over 9,300 young refugees since 1992. UNHCR’s mandate is to provide protection and to find solutions for refugees, asylum seekers, stateless persons and other persons of concern. In support of this, UNHCR considers it a priority to promote and support access to","title":"Albert Einstein German Academic Refugee Initiative Fund"},{"psg_id":"2123045","text":"medical realms through its hospital affiliations, free Einstein Community Health Outreach clinic, and Bronx community health fairs. A study published by researchers at Harvard Medical School and the University of California, San Francisco, which sought to eliminate the subjective metrics present in the U.S. News & World Report rankings, gave Einstein a rank of #13 relative to other medicals schools in the United States, placing it among the top 10 percent. Einstein is currently ranked #35 in research by U.S. News & World Report out of 170 medical schools. Albert Einstein offers joint residency programs between Montefiore Medical Center and","title":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine"},{"psg_id":"13704773","text":"Progressive Party during the 1948 Presidential election which also advocated a pro-Soviet and pro-Israel foreign policy. Einstein served on the Board of Governors of The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. In his Will of 1950, Einstein bequeathed literary rights to his writings to The Hebrew University, where many of his original documents are held in the Albert Einstein Archives. When President Chaim Weizmann died in 1952, Einstein was asked to be Israel's second president, but he declined, stating that he had \"neither the natural ability nor the experience to deal with human beings.\" He wrote: \"I am deeply moved by the","title":"Political views of Albert Einstein"},{"psg_id":"15543700","text":"In 1996 she sued the trustee in charge of a collection of correspondence between Albert and Mileva Einstein, a suit that was settled privately. She left her entire estate valued over a million dollars to attorney Allen P. Wilkinson. Evelyn Einstein Evelyn Einstein (28 March 1941 – 13 April 2011) was the adopted daughter of Hans Albert Einstein, the son of Albert Einstein. Einstein was born in Chicago; after her birth she was adopted by Hans Albert Einstein. Towards the end of her life, she recounted that as a child she was told she was an illegitimate daughter of Albert","title":"Evelyn Einstein"},{"psg_id":"15832578","text":"students between the ages of 2 and 18 years from Pre-Kindergarten through Grade 12 with a campuses in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Lviv, Ukraine and Cambridge, MA, USA. The Albert Einstein International School of Amsterdam is an independent specialist school, focused on Mathematics, Science, Languages and Art. Gifted and Talented Education (GATE) is an essential part of the program. The school is divided into four sections: The Albert Einstein International School prepares students for the most competitive universities like Harvard, Cambridge or Oxford. Study abroad programmes are part of the AEIS curriculum. Students at AEIS are strongly encouraged to participate in","title":"Albert Einstein International School Amsterdam"},{"psg_id":"11153627","text":"immersion program in which classes are taught partly in English and partly in German. Spanish was later added to the mix. The German-English immersion program has attracted visits from members of the German Parliament. As with all charter schools in San Diego, the school is free; admission is by application and a lottery. Originally, preference was given to students who speak German. However, that policy was challenged by the school board as possibly discriminatory and is no longer in place. Albert Einstein Academy Charter School Albert Einstein Academy Charter School is an IB Primary Years Programme-certified charter school in San","title":"Albert Einstein Academy Charter School"},{"psg_id":"10179358","text":"to earn 24 Carnegie credits to get the high school diploma. Additionally, students have programs to be ready to attend U.S. colleges and universities. Albert Einstein International School of San Pedro Sula is the official test center of the American College Test or ACT test and PSAT for San Pedro Sula. At Albert Einstein International School of San Pedro Sula, registration starts in May. The matriculation period is opened to all students. Prospective parents need to pay a registration fee of US$100. Tuition costs vary by the grade in which the student is registered. Tuition and fees start from US$1,200.","title":"Albert Einstein International School of San Pedro Sula"},{"psg_id":"11153626","text":"Albert Einstein Academy Charter School Albert Einstein Academy Charter School is an IB Primary Years Programme-certified charter school in San Diego, California, United States. It is a part of the San Diego Unified School District. Established in 2002, it is the only school in the district authorized as an IB-PYP school. The school serves grades kindergarten through 8th grade. It is actually chartered as two schools: an elementary school (K-5) of about 300 students and a middle school (6-8) of about 250 students. It is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges. The school teaches via a language","title":"Albert Einstein Academy Charter School"},{"psg_id":"15367719","text":"could not occur before 11 June, as the \"Zvezda\" port (where the \"Albert Einstein\" docked) was occupied by Progress 51. After Progress 51 departed on 11 June, cameras on the ISS checked the \"Zvezda\" docking port to ensure that no damage was caused when Progress 51 docked with the station, as it had a stuck navigation antenna which could have potentially damaged the docking port. No damage to the docking port was detected, and so the ATV's docking proceeded as planned. The ATV docked successfully with the ISS at 14:07 UTC (16:07 CEST) on 15 June 2013 and the hatch","title":"Albert Einstein ATV"},{"psg_id":"9437755","text":"Einsteins formed a close-knit family. Although Albert and Elsa did not have any children of their own, Albert raised Ilse and Margot as his own. They lived in the Berlin area, also having a summer house in Caputh in nearby Potsdam. Elsa spent most of her marriage with Albert acting as gatekeeper, protecting him from unwelcome visitors and charlatans. She also was the driving force behind building their summer house in 1929. In 1933, Albert and Elsa Einstein emigrated to Princeton, New Jersey, US. In autumn 1935, they moved to a house at 112 Mercer Street, bought that August, but","title":"Elsa Einstein"},{"psg_id":"15543697","text":"Evelyn Einstein Evelyn Einstein (28 March 1941 – 13 April 2011) was the adopted daughter of Hans Albert Einstein, the son of Albert Einstein. Einstein was born in Chicago; after her birth she was adopted by Hans Albert Einstein. Towards the end of her life, she recounted that as a child she was told she was an illegitimate daughter of Albert Einstein and a ballet dancer; however, she had no documentation supporting this claim. She obtained a Master's degree in Medieval literature at University of California, Berkeley. She was married to Grover Krantz for 13 years from 1964 to about","title":"Evelyn Einstein"},{"psg_id":"4410561","text":"as a steel designer on a bridge project in Dortmund. In 1936 Hans Albert obtained the doctor of technical science degree. His doctoral thesis \"Bed Load Transport as a Probability Problem\" is considered the definitive work on sediment transport. Einstein's father, Albert, left Germany in 1933 to escape the virulently antisemitic Nazi threat. Heeding his father's advice, Einstein emigrated from Switzerland to Greenville, South Carolina, in 1938. He worked for the US Department of Agriculture, studying sediment transport from 1938 to 1943. He continued working for the USDA at the California Institute of Technology starting in 1943. In 1947 he","title":"Hans Albert Einstein"},{"psg_id":"10599187","text":"Geisler presented the project on Kickstarter in collaboration with the Sigmund Freud Museum (Vienna) and the Albert Einstein Archives. Supporters of the project could choose to either receive the letters themselves or send them to politicians typeset in the handwriting of Einstein and Freud. Einstein is an integral character in the , being responsible in \"\" for altering the course of history using a time traveling device he created to remove Adolf Hitler from existence in an attempt to prevent the horrors of World War II, inadvertently leading to Soviet Union's rise to power and conflict with Europe. He continues","title":"Albert Einstein in popular culture"},{"psg_id":"10599174","text":"the university during his life and this support continues with the royalties received from licensing activities. GreenLight licences the commercial use of the name \"Albert Einstein\" and associated imagery and likenesses of Einstein, as agent for the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. As head licensee the corporation can control commercial usage of Einstein's name and theoretically ensure compliance with certain standards (e.g., when Einstein's name is used as a trademark, the ™ symbol must be used). There is a persistent popular belief that Einstein was left-handed, but there is no evidence that he was, and the belief has been called a","title":"Albert Einstein in popular culture"},{"psg_id":"12297670","text":"54), in which he showed concern that she had scarlet fever. His asking \"as what is the child registered? [Adding] we must take precautions that problems don't arise for her later\" may indicate the intention to give the child up for adoption. As neither the full name, nor the fate of the child are known, so far several hypotheses about her life and death have been put forward: A letter widely circulated on the Internet on the \"universal force\" of love, attributed as \"a letter from Albert Einstein to his daughter\", is a hoax. Abraham Einstein (8 Apr 1808 –","title":"Einstein family"},{"psg_id":"2125","text":"milky white. Einstein relates this to Rayleigh scattering, which is what happens when the fluctuation size is much smaller than the wavelength, and which explains why the sky is blue. Einstein quantitatively derived critical opalescence from a treatment of density fluctuations, and demonstrated how both the effect and Rayleigh scattering originate from the atomistic constitution of matter. Einstein's \"\"Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter Körper\"\" (\"On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies\") was received on 30 June 1905 and published 26 September of that same year. It reconciled conflicts between Maxwell's equations (the laws of electricity and magnetism) and the laws of Newtonian mechanics","title":"Albert Einstein"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14539386\",\n \"text\": \"the United States to be certified by the Joint Commission International. Ophthalmologist Dr. Cláudio Lottenberg began as president of Albert Einstein in December 2001. It is one of the most well-known health units in Brazil due to the quality of care, medical equipment and expertise at its disposal to address the main types of pathologies. It has a social assistance program in the Paraisópolis favela, near the hospital. The Hospital also hosts a nursing school and will in the future have also a medical school. Albert Einstein Israelite Hospital The Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (English: Albert Einstein Israelite Hospital) is\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein Israelite Hospital\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13632157\",\n \"text\": \"Religious and philosophical views of Albert Einstein Albert Einstein's religious views have been widely studied and often misunderstood. Einstein stated that he believed in the pantheistic God of Baruch Spinoza. He did not believe in a personal God who concerns himself with fates and actions of human beings, a view which he described as naïve. He clarified however that, \\\"I am not an atheist\\\", preferring to call himself an agnostic, or a \\\"religious nonbeliever.\\\" Einstein also stated he did not believe in life after death, adding \\\"one life is enough for me.\\\" He was closely involved in his lifetime with\",\n \"title\": \"Religious and philosophical views of Albert Einstein\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17111425\",\n \"text\": \"not be blown away by the album, but Prodigy and Alchemist have put together a highly enjoyable album.\\\" Jaroslav Lavick of RapReviews gave the album an 8.5 out of ten, saying \\\"This album is Prodigy and Alchemist giving long time fans exactly what they want.\\\" Peter Marrack of \\\"Exclaim!\\\" gave the album a six out of ten, saying \\\"He's casual, not always sincere, but dangerously convincing; his bars haven't faltered since his early Mobb Deep days and Einstein is no exception.\\\" Nate Patrin of Pitchfork Media gave the album an 8.2 out of 10, saying \\\"\\\"Albert Einstein\\\" is so casually\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14246699\",\n \"text\": \"Russian, as \\\"Al'bert Ejnštejn – tvorec i buntar\\\"(1975) ; into French, as \\\"Albert Einstein : créateur et rebelle\\\" (1975) ; into Slovenian, as \\\"Albert Einstein, ustvarjalec in upornik\\\" (1980); into German, as \\\"Albert Einstein, Schöpfer und Rebell\\\" in 1978; Italian, as \\\"Albert Einstein, creatore e ribelle\\\" (1977, reprinted 1988); Dutch, as \\\"Albert Einstein : schepper en rebel\\\" (1975); Spanish, as \\\"Einstein\\\" (1984); Japanese, as \\\"Ainshutain, sozo to hankotsu no hito\\\" (1974), Georgian, as \\\"Albert Einsteini : Shemokmedi Da Meambokhe\\\", and Greek, as \\\"Αϊνστάιν, δημιουργός και επαναστάτης\\\" (1982). Albert Einstein: Creator and Rebel Albert Einstein: Creator and Rebel is a book\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein: Creator and Rebel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2065\",\n \"text\": \"affiliated with the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, until his death in 1955. Einstein published more than 300 scientific papers and more than 150 non-scientific works. His intellectual achievements and originality have made the word \\\"Einstein\\\" synonymous with \\\"genius\\\". Eugene Wigner wrote of Einstein in comparison to his contemporaries that \\\"Einstein's understanding was deeper even than Jancsi von Neumann's. His mind was both more penetrating and more original than von Neumann's. And that is a very remarkable statement.\\\" Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, in the Kingdom of Württemberg in the German Empire, on 14 March 1879.\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15367717\",\n \"text\": \"atmosphere and was destroyed, as planned, on 2 November 2013. The \\\"Albert Einstein\\\" supplied the ISS with dry cargo, fuel, water and air to ensure the continued operation of the station. In addition, the ATV used its own thrusters and fuel supply to reboost the ISS, to counteract the drag the residual atmosphere imposes on the station. The total cost of the \\\"Albert Einstein\\\" mission was approximately 450 million euros. At the time of its launch, the \\\"Albert Einstein\\\" held the record for: A full cargo breakdown is provided in the following table: \\\"Albert Einstein\\\" arrived at the Guiana Space\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein ATV\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10934767\",\n \"text\": \"Albert Einstein House The Albert Einstein House at 112 Mercer Street in Princeton, Mercer County, New Jersey, United States was the home of Albert Einstein from 1935 until his death in 1955. His wife Elsa Einstein died in 1936 while living in this house. The house was built sometime before 1876, as it originally stood on Alexander Street where Stuart Hall of the Princeton Theological Seminary was built in that year, also displacing the house now at 108 Mercer. The home is a simple pattern-book cottage and not in itself of unusual significance. Elsa Einstein purchased the home from Mary\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein House\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14339399\",\n \"text\": \"a joint project of the former Albert-Einstein-Schule, in cooperation with Wath Comprehensive School in Rotherham, England and Col·legi Pare Manyanet in Barcelona, Spain. In August 2010, the Albert-Einstein-Schule merged with the Gymnasium am Ostring to form a new school, named \\\"Neues Gymnasium Bochum\\\". The new school was temporarily located at the Erich Kästner Schule while the new buildings were under construction. It opened following the fall recess on October 22, 2012. The new buildings are on the site of the former buildings, which were razed to permit the new construction. Albert-Einstein-Schule Albert-Einstein-Schule was a Gymnasium for boys and girls from\",\n \"title\": \"Albert-Einstein-Schule\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18414457\",\n \"text\": \"I Am Albert Einstein I Am Albert Einstein is a children's book written by Brad Meltzer in the \\\"Ordinary People Change the World\\\" series. It follows the adventures of a young Albert Einstein learning important lessons. The book features a young Albert Einstein, before he discovered the theory of relativity. As a child, young Albert Einstein was given a compass that fascinated him. No matter which was he turned it, it pointed north. The compass had a profound impact on his life. It inspired him to never stop being curious, and never stop discovering. The idea for the \\\"Ordinary People\",\n \"title\": \"I Am Albert Einstein\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14539385\",\n \"text\": \"Albert Einstein Israelite Hospital The Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (English: Albert Einstein Israelite Hospital) is a Brazilian hospital, located in the Morumbi district, on the south side of São Paulo. It's considered one of the best hospitals in Latin America. A group of Jewish community members in São Paulo founded the Sociedade Beneficente Israelita Brasileira Albert Einstein (SBIBAE) in 1955. The SBIBAE began construction of the Albert Einstein Hospital three years later on 14 September 1958 on land donated by Ema Gordon Klabin. The hospital was inaugurated on 28 July 1971. In 1999, it was the first health institution outside\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein Israelite Hospital\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10934770\",\n \"text\": \"even though it is owned by IAS, and is not open to public. There is no marker, however strategically placed plaques state \\\"Private Residence\\\". Albert Einstein House The Albert Einstein House at 112 Mercer Street in Princeton, Mercer County, New Jersey, United States was the home of Albert Einstein from 1935 until his death in 1955. His wife Elsa Einstein died in 1936 while living in this house. The house was built sometime before 1876, as it originally stood on Alexander Street where Stuart Hall of the Princeton Theological Seminary was built in that year, also displacing the house now\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein House\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6911653\",\n \"text\": \"Albert Einstein Peace Prize The Albert Einstein Peace Prize is/was a peace prize awarded annually since 1980 by the Albert Einstein Peace Prize Foundation. The Foundation dates from 1979, the centenary of the birth of Albert Einstein, and evokes the Russell–Einstein Manifesto which urges nuclear disarmament. It was established, with the sponsorship of the trustees of Einstein's estate, by William M. Swartz (1912–87) a wealthy businessman and the grandfather of activist Aaron Swartz. William M. Swartz was involved in the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs and established the Foundation in part to support Pugwash. Prize winners, mainly active\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein Peace Prize\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6911654\",\n \"text\": \"in nuclear disarmament, receive(d) $50,000. Albert Einstein Peace Prize The Albert Einstein Peace Prize is/was a peace prize awarded annually since 1980 by the Albert Einstein Peace Prize Foundation. The Foundation dates from 1979, the centenary of the birth of Albert Einstein, and evokes the Russell–Einstein Manifesto which urges nuclear disarmament. It was established, with the sponsorship of the trustees of Einstein's estate, by William M. Swartz (1912–87) a wealthy businessman and the grandfather of activist Aaron Swartz. William M. Swartz was involved in the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs and established the Foundation in part to support\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein Peace Prize\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2066\",\n \"text\": \"His parents were Hermann Einstein, a salesman and engineer, and Pauline Koch. In 1880, the family moved to Munich, where Einstein's father and his uncle Jakob founded \\\"Elektrotechnische Fabrik J. Einstein & Cie\\\", a company that manufactured electrical equipment based on direct current. The Einsteins were non-observant Ashkenazi Jews, and Albert attended a Catholic elementary school in Munich, from the age of 5, for three years. At the age of 8, he was transferred to the Luitpold Gymnasium (now known as the Albert Einstein Gymnasium), where he received advanced primary and secondary school education until he left the German Empire\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16565450\",\n \"text\": \"UNESCO Albert Einstein medal The UNESCO Albert Einstein Medal is awarded to outstanding scientific personalities who made a great contribution to science and international scientific cooperation. The medal was established by UNESCO to celebrate the centenary of the birth of Albert Einstein in 1979. The medal is awarded in gold, silver and bronze. The medal was designed by the French engraver Max Léognany. The medal's obverse features a portrait of Albert Einstein in his later years. On the reverse, a silhouette of Einstein’s head forms the backdrop for three of the mathematical equations that sum up his essential contributions to\",\n \"title\": \"UNESCO Albert Einstein medal\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4611321\",\n \"text\": \"white chocolate was once on display in the Marriott Wardman Park Hotel in Washington, DC. In July 2012, the sculpture was yarn bombed by the Polish-born artist Olek, who enclosed the entire statue in a colorful crocheted wrap of pinks, purples, and teal. Albert Einstein Memorial The Albert Einstein Memorial is a monumental bronze statue depicting Albert Einstein seated with manuscript papers in hand by sculptor Robert Berks. It is located in central Washington, D.C., United States, in a grove of trees at the southwest corner of the grounds of the National Academy of Sciences at 2101 Constitution Avenue N.W.,\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4611315\",\n \"text\": \"Albert Einstein Memorial The Albert Einstein Memorial is a monumental bronze statue depicting Albert Einstein seated with manuscript papers in hand by sculptor Robert Berks. It is located in central Washington, D.C., United States, in a grove of trees at the southwest corner of the grounds of the National Academy of Sciences at 2101 Constitution Avenue N.W., near the Vietnam Veterans Memorial. The memorial, situated in an elm and holly grove in the southwest corner of the grounds of the National Academy of Sciences, was unveiled at the Academy's annual meeting, April 22, 1979, in honor of the centennial of\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein Memorial\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4410563\",\n \"text\": \"recognition for more than twenty years of devoted and distinguished service to Applied Mechanics Reviews by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (1972). In 1927 Hans Albert Einstein married Frieda Knecht. Albert disapproved of Frieda much as his parents had of Mileva. Einstein and Frieda had four children: Frieda died in 1958, and Hans Albert later married neurochemist Elizabeth Roboz (1904–1995). Einstein was an avid sailor, frequently taking colleagues and family out for excursions on the San Francisco Bay. On his many field trips and academic excursions, he took thousands of pictures, many of which he developed himself and presented\",\n \"title\": \"Hans Albert Einstein\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17111427\",\n \"text\": \"part sick signature Alchemist beats, with the addition of some new sounds that are just right.\\\" The album debuted at number 175 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" 200 chart, with first-week sales of 3,000 copies in the United States. Credits for \\\"Albert Einstein\\\" adapted from Allmusic. Albert Einstein (album) Albert Einstein is the second collaborative studio album by American hip hop recording artist Prodigy of Mobb Deep and American record producer The Alchemist. The album was released on June 11, 2013, by Infamous Records. The album features guest appearances from Roc Marciano, Domo Genesis, The Alchemist, Havoc, Raekwon and Action Bronson. On\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17111421\",\n \"text\": \"Albert Einstein (album) Albert Einstein is the second collaborative studio album by American hip hop recording artist Prodigy of Mobb Deep and American record producer The Alchemist. The album was released on June 11, 2013, by Infamous Records. The album features guest appearances from Roc Marciano, Domo Genesis, The Alchemist, Havoc, Raekwon and Action Bronson. On November 27, 2012 Prodigy announced an upcoming collaboration album with producer The Alchemist via his Twitter account, along with the title of \\\"Albert Einstein\\\". He also would say the album was scheduled for an early 2013 release. It would be their second collaboration album\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein (album)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4410560\",\n \"text\": \"father, Albert Einstein, worked as a clerk in the patent office. His father was of German-Jewish descent and his mother, Mileva Marić, Serbian-Orthodox. His younger brother, Eduard Einstein, was born in 1910 and died in 1965. The fate of his older sister, Lieserl Einstein, Albert Einstein's and Mileva Marić's first child, is unknown. Their parents divorced in 1919 after living apart for five years. Einstein followed his mother's and father's footsteps and studied at ETH, the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, in Zurich, Switzerland. In 1926 he was awarded a diploma in civil engineering. From 1926 to 1930 he worked\",\n \"title\": \"Hans Albert Einstein\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15367716\",\n \"text\": \"Kourou on 31 August 2012 to begin launch preparations. \\\"Albert Einstein\\\" was launched on an Ariane 5ES rocket from the Guiana Space Centre in Kourou, French Guiana at 21:52:11 UTC on 5 June 2013. The launch was conducted by Arianespace on behalf of the European Space Agency (ESA). At the time of its launch, \\\"Albert Einstein\\\" was the heaviest spacecraft ever launched to orbit by an Ariane rocket, with a total mass of . The ATV docked successfully with the ISS at 14:07 UTC (16:07 CEST) on 15 June 2013. After a successful five-month mission, \\\"Albert Einstein\\\" re-entered the Earth's\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein ATV\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14339398\",\n \"text\": \"Albert-Einstein-Schule Albert-Einstein-Schule was a Gymnasium for boys and girls from grades 5–13 in Bochum, Germany. It had about 900 students. Just south of downtown Bochum, the school was in the Wiemelhausen section of town and shared a campus with the Hans Böckler Realschule. The school had an emphasis in natural science and English. It had a bilingual program, where some classes were taught in English, rather than German. Albert-Einstein-Schule was certified as a European School in February 2008. The school's last day of classes was July 14, 2010. The \\\"Comenius Project,\\\" dedicated to exchanging ideas to solve environmental problems, is\",\n \"title\": \"Albert-Einstein-Schule\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10599185\",\n \"text\": \"singer Giorgos Lembesis has released a song titled \\\"Einstein\\\" in which he states that he always admired Albert Einstein, but now he needs his help in his relationship problems. On the seventh episode of \\\"Epic Rap Battles of History\\\", Albert Einstein (portrayed by Zach Sherwin) faced off against Stephen Hawking (portrayed by series co-founder Nice Peter). The song Portrait (He Knew) by Kansas is about Albert Einstein and his life. Albert Einstein's handwriting has been digitised as a font in an art project by typographer Harald Geisler and dancer Elizabeth Waterhouse. The font enables the user to write like Einstein\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein in popular culture\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10934768\",\n \"text\": \"Clark Marden on July 24, 1935 for an undisclosed sum according to the deed which was recorded by the Mercer County Clerk's Office on August 1, 1935. Albert Einstein reportedly requested that this house not be made a museum, and the family did not want it to be recognized as such. Nonetheless it was added to the National Register of Historic Places and further designated a U.S. National Historic Landmark in 1976. After him, the house was owned by his sculptor step-daughter Margot Einstein until she died in 1986. The house was previously owned by Eric Maskin and his family\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein House\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2122\",\n \"text\": \"published more than 300 scientific papers and 150 non-scientific ones. On 5 December 2014, universities and archives announced the release of Einstein's papers, comprising more than 30,000 unique documents. Einstein's intellectual achievements and originality have made the word \\\"Einstein\\\" synonymous with \\\"genius.\\\" In addition to the work he did by himself he also collaborated with other scientists on additional projects including the Bose–Einstein statistics, the Einstein refrigerator and others. The \\\"Annus Mirabilis\\\" papers are four articles pertaining to the photoelectric effect (which gave rise to quantum theory), Brownian motion, the special theory of relativity, and E = mc that Einstein\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13704784\",\n \"text\": \"what was to become the Soviet bloc. After World War II, enmity between the former allies became a very serious issue for people with international résumés. To make things worse, during the first days of McCarthyism, Einstein was writing about a single world government; it was at this time that he wrote, \\\"I do not know how the third World War will be fought, but I can tell you what they will use in the Fourth — sticks and stones.\\\" In a 1949 \\\"Monthly Review\\\" article entitled \\\"Why Socialism?\\\" Albert Einstein described a chaotic capitalist society, a source of evil\",\n \"title\": \"Political views of Albert Einstein\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15992612\",\n \"text\": \"Steve Jobs (book) Steve Jobs is the authorized self-titled biography book of Steve Jobs. The book was written at the request of Jobs by Walter Isaacson, a former executive at CNN and \\\"TIME\\\" who has written best-selling biographies of Benjamin Franklin and Albert Einstein. Based on more than forty interviews with Jobs conducted over two years—in addition to interviews with more than one hundred family members, friends, adversaries, competitors, and colleagues—Isaacson was given \\\"unprecedented\\\" access to Jobs's life. Jobs is said to have encouraged the people interviewed to speak honestly. Although Jobs cooperated with the book, he asked for no\",\n \"title\": \"Steve Jobs (book)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2159\",\n \"text\": \"were included in the papers bequeathed to The Hebrew University. Margot Einstein permitted the personal letters to be made available to the public, but requested that it not be done until twenty years after her death (she died in 1986). Einstein had expressed his interest in the plumbing profession and was made an honorary member of the Plumbers and Steamfitters Union. Barbara Wolff, of The Hebrew University's Albert Einstein Archives, told the BBC that there are about 3,500 pages of private correspondence written between 1912 and 1955. Corbis, successor to The Roger Richman Agency, licenses the use of his name\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10599170\",\n \"text\": \"Albert Einstein in popular culture Albert Einstein has been the subject of, or inspiration for, many works of popular culture. On Einstein's 72nd birthday on March 14, 1951, United Press photographer Arthur Sasse was trying to persuade him to smile for the camera, but having smiled for photographers many times that day, Einstein stuck out his tongue instead. This photograph became one of the most popular ever taken of Einstein, often used in merchandise depicting him in a lighthearted sense. Einstein enjoyed this photo and requested UPI to give him nine copies for personal use, one of which he signed\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein in popular culture\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19245804\",\n \"text\": \"women, including the woman who would become his second wife, Elsa. Also to be included in the online collection is a letter to the Arabic newspaper \\\"Falastin\\\", proposing a \\\"Secret Council\\\" composed of Arabs and Jews to resolve the Arab–Israeli conflict. Albert Einstein visited Palestine in 1923 for 12 days, giving the first lecture at the Mount Scopus campus of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem—two years before the University opened in 1925. Menachem Ussishkin, the president of the Zionist Executive, invited Einstein to settle in Jerusalem, but this was the only visit that Einstein actually made to Jerusalem. However, Einstein\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein Archives\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19114751\",\n \"text\": \"to the city. The Albert Einstein Archives are located at the Givat Ram campus of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Einstein was supportive of the Hebrew University in particular as well as Zionism and education in general, hence the naming of this square in association with several higher education and research-oriented institutions of national importance in Israel to honour Einstein, together with a statue of Einstein in nearby gardens of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities. Landmarks near by are the Jerusalem Theatre and the official residence of the President of Israel. Further to the southwest is the Museum\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein Square\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15832579\",\n \"text\": \"after-school activities, acceleration programs and revision courses. After-school activities: Albert Einstein International School Amsterdam The Albert Einstein International School (AEIS) in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, provides an international specialist education that emphasizes on Science, Languages and Art within a caring community from kindergarten through twelfth grade students from all countries, including a limited number of Dutch students. The School promotes the appreciation of the diversity of persons and cultures, provides an optimal environment for learning and teaching, and offers a global curriculum that inspires in its students the spirit and ideals of the United Nations. The Albert Einstein International school is\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein International School Amsterdam\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15832577\",\n \"text\": \"Albert Einstein International School Amsterdam The Albert Einstein International School (AEIS) in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, provides an international specialist education that emphasizes on Science, Languages and Art within a caring community from kindergarten through twelfth grade students from all countries, including a limited number of Dutch students. The School promotes the appreciation of the diversity of persons and cultures, provides an optimal environment for learning and teaching, and offers a global curriculum that inspires in its students the spirit and ideals of the United Nations. The Albert Einstein International school is a modern, comprehensive, co-educational day and boarding school serving\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein International School Amsterdam\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14246698\",\n \"text\": \"Albert Einstein: Creator and Rebel Albert Einstein: Creator and Rebel is a book by Banesh Hoffmann with the collaboration of Helen Dukas. The book is a biography of Albert Einstein, including both his personal and academic life with references to specific events and people. The book also presents Einstein's photographs from his archives. The work was published in 1972 by Viking Press, , held in 1175 WorldCat libraries. It was reviewed by many general newspapers and magazines, including \\\"The New York Times\\\" and the \\\"Los Angeles Times\\\". It was also reviewed in academic periodicals, including \\\"ISIS\\\" It was translated into\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein: Creator and Rebel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2626228\",\n \"text\": \"use of nonviolent action\\\". To further this mission, the Institution has supported research projects; actively consulted with resistance and pro-democracy groups from Burma, Thailand, Egypt, Tibet, Serbia, Equatorial Guinea, the Occupied Palestinian Territories, and elsewhere; and worked to publicize the power and potential of nonviolent struggle around the world through educational materials, scholarly writings, workshops, and the media. The Albert Einstein Institution was founded in 1983 and operates out of a small office in East Boston, Massachusetts. A feature documentary by Scottish director, Ruaridh Arrow, \\\"How to Start a Revolution\\\", about the global influence of the Albert Einstein Institution and\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein Institution\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2123049\",\n \"text\": \"first student-coordinated free clinic. Albert Einstein College of Medicine The Albert Einstein College of Medicine (\\\"Einstein\\\" for short), a joint entity between Montefiore Medical Center and Yeshiva University (until 2018), is a private, not-for-profit, nonsectarian medical school located in the Morris Park neighborhood of the Bronx in New York City. In addition to Doctor of Medicine degrees, Einstein offers Doctor of Philosophy degrees in the biomedical sciences and clinical investigation through its Sue Golding Graduate Division. Gordon F. Tomaselli, became the Marilyn and Stanley M. Katz Dean in July 2018. Einstein's areas of focus are medical education, basic research, and\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein College of Medicine\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2123038\",\n \"text\": \"Albert Einstein College of Medicine The Albert Einstein College of Medicine (\\\"Einstein\\\" for short), a joint entity between Montefiore Medical Center and Yeshiva University (until 2018), is a private, not-for-profit, nonsectarian medical school located in the Morris Park neighborhood of the Bronx in New York City. In addition to Doctor of Medicine degrees, Einstein offers Doctor of Philosophy degrees in the biomedical sciences and clinical investigation through its Sue Golding Graduate Division. Gordon F. Tomaselli, became the Marilyn and Stanley M. Katz Dean in July 2018. Einstein's areas of focus are medical education, basic research, and clinical research. The school\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein College of Medicine\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15367722\",\n \"text\": \"1 August 2013 in an operation that took approximately 1.5 hours; this fuel allowed the ISS to adjust its orbit in the absence of docked vessels to perform reboosts. The pipelines were then purged to avoid any complications during \\\"Albert Einstein\\\"'s undocking from the ISS. \\\"Albert Einstein\\\" undocked safely from the ISS at 08:55 UTC (09:55 CET) on 28 October 2013; it then conducted a series of orbital adjustments to allow the ISS astronauts to clearly observe its re-entry. On 2 November, it re-entered Earth's atmosphere and burnt up, along with a payload of ISS waste, over the Pacific Ocean.\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein ATV\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15367720\",\n \"text\": \"was opened on 18 June. The hatch opening was delayed by a day due to concerns raised by Roscosmos that the cargo had not been disinfected satisfactorily. On 19 June 2013, \\\"Albert Einstein\\\" conducted its first reboost of the ISS, performing a 407-second burn which provided a delta-v change of 1.0 m/s to the station. A further reboost was undertaken on 10 July 2013, where a burn of just less than 10 minutes provided a delta-v change of 1.45 m/s; this operation consumed of propellant. By 12 July 2013, all the dry cargo had been unloaded from \\\"Albert Einstein\\\", allowing\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein ATV\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19245808\",\n \"text\": \"and Milton Handler of the American Friends of The Hebrew University worked on the transfer of the material to Jerusalem. In subsequent years, additional material was sent from Einstein's Princeton home. The Bern Dibner Curatorship, which manages the Albert Einstein Archives, was established in 1988 by the Dibner Fund of Connecticut, USA. The first curator of the Einstein Archives was Ze'ev Rosenkranz whose term extended from 1989 to 2003. The catalogue was made available online in 2003. Since 2004, Roni Grosz has been the head of the Archives. The Einstein Archives became part of the Hebrew University's Library Authority in\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein Archives\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2074\",\n \"text\": \"named \\\"Lieserl\\\", born in early 1902 in Novi Sad where Marić was staying with her parents. Marić returned to Switzerland without the child, whose real name and fate are unknown. The contents of Einstein's letter in September 1903 suggest that the girl was either given up for adoption or died of scarlet fever in infancy. Einstein and Marić married in January 1903. In May 1904, their son Hans Albert Einstein was born in Bern, Switzerland. Their son Eduard was born in Zürich in July 1910. The couple moved to Berlin in April 1914, but Marić returned to Zürich with their\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10599186\",\n \"text\": \"on a computer or smartphone. The project was created in collaboration with the Albert Einstein Archives Jerusalem and presented 2015 on the crowdfunding platform Kickstarter where the campaign was supported by 2334 backers. Each letter of the font is based on Einstein's manuscripts, different variations of each letter are stored in the font and exchanged automatically during typing to create a natural look. The Albert Einstein font was used to reenact the 1932 letter exchange between Einstein and Sigmund Freud. In 2017 at the 85th anniversary of the exchange, which was published in 1933 under the title \\\"Why War\\\", Harald\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein in popular culture\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10179355\",\n \"text\": \"Albert Einstein International School of San Pedro Sula The Albert Einstein International School of San Pedro Sula (AEIS) is a college-preparatory international school located in San Pedro Sula, the second largest and industrial city of Honduras. It is a private coeducational day school, which offers an American education system to Honduran and foreign students in San Pedro Sula. The school offers a comprehensive college preparatory program from kindergarten through 12th grade. The school, previously named Albert Einstein School of San Pedro Sula or Escuela Bilingue Albert Einstein, was founded in 1990. In 2005, the school administration decided to make a\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein International School of San Pedro Sula\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18414459\",\n \"text\": \"than inform\\\" The book was named the #3 best children's nonfiction book of 2014 by Amazon. When \\\"I Am Rosa Parks\\\" was released, all previous three books in the \\\"Ordinary People Change the World\\\" series appeared simultaneously on the \\\"New York Times\\\" Bestseller List: \\\"I Am Rosa Parks\\\" at #2; \\\"I Am Abraham Lincoln\\\" at #6; and \\\"I Am Amelia Earhart\\\" at #8. Meltzer was featured on many morning news shows to discuss the books, including \\\"CBS This Morning\\\". I Am Albert Einstein I Am Albert Einstein is a children's book written by Brad Meltzer in the \\\"Ordinary People Change\",\n \"title\": \"I Am Albert Einstein\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2073\",\n \"text\": \"years, Einstein and Marić's friendship developed into romance, and they read books together on extra-curricular physics in which Einstein was taking an increasing interest. In 1900, Einstein passed the exams in Maths and Physics and was awarded the Federal Polytechnic teaching diploma. There have been claims that Marić collaborated with Einstein on his 1905 papers, known as the \\\"Annus Mirabilis\\\" papers, but historians of physics who have studied the issue find no evidence that she made any substantive contributions. An early correspondence between Einstein and Marić was discovered and published in 1987 which revealed that the couple had a daughter\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8798493\",\n \"text\": \"He finished high school at Eerde, a boarding school in the Netherlands at age 16 and moved to the United States as an exchange student. He attended Furman University in Greenville, South Carolina. One of the first things he did upon arriving was look up his last name in the phone book. The only Einstein he found was a relative: Albert Einstein's son, Hans Albert Einstein. They became friends and he was often invited over whenever Albert visited. He earned his medical degree from New York Medical College in 1946 and did his internship at Paterson General Hospital in Paterson,\",\n \"title\": \"Hans Einstein\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13704785\",\n \"text\": \"to be overcome, as the \\\"predatory phase of human development\\\" . With Albert Schweitzer and Bertrand Russell, Einstein lobbied to stop nuclear testing and future bombs. Days before his death, Einstein signed the Russell-Einstein Manifesto, which led to the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs. Einstein was a member of several civil rights groups, including the Princeton chapter of the NAACP. When the aged W. E. B. Du Bois was accused of being a Communist spy, Einstein volunteered as a character witness, and the case was dismissed shortly afterward. Einstein's friendship with activist Paul Robeson, with whom he served\",\n \"title\": \"Political views of Albert Einstein\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3828847\",\n \"text\": \"position, making it completely clear that what really disturbed him about the quantum theory was the problem of the total renunciation of all minimal standards of realism, even at the microscopic level, that the acceptance of the completeness of the theory implied. Although the majority of experts in the field agree that Einstein was wrong, the current understanding is still not complete (see Interpretation of quantum mechanics). There is no scientific consensus that determinism would have been refuted. Bohr–Einstein debates The Bohr–Einstein debates were a series of public disputes about quantum mechanics between Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr. Their debates\",\n \"title\": \"Bohr–Einstein debates\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2150\",\n \"text\": \"playing at dice.\\\" Indeed, it was Einstein himself, in his 1917 paper that proposed the possibility of stimulated emission, who first proposed the fundamental role of chance in explaining quantum processes. Rather, he objected to what quantum mechanics implies about the nature of reality. Einstein believed that a physical reality exists independent of our ability to observe it. In contrast, Bohr and his followers maintained that all we can know are the results of measurements and observations, and that it makes no sense to speculate about an ultimate reality that exists beyond our perceptions. The Bohr–Einstein debates were a series\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8298432\",\n \"text\": \"Albert Einstein German Academic Refugee Initiative Fund The Albert Einstein German Academic Refugee Initiative Fund (German: \\\"Deutsche Akademische Flüchtlings Initiative Albert Einstein\\\" or \\\"DAFI\\\") scholarship programme offers refugee students the possibility to pursue an undergraduate degree in their country of asylum. Through the dedicated support of the German Government, and additional private donors, UNHCR was able to support over 9,300 young refugees since 1992. UNHCR’s mandate is to provide protection and to find solutions for refugees, asylum seekers, stateless persons and other persons of concern. In support of this, UNHCR considers it a priority to promote and support access to\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein German Academic Refugee Initiative Fund\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2123045\",\n \"text\": \"medical realms through its hospital affiliations, free Einstein Community Health Outreach clinic, and Bronx community health fairs. A study published by researchers at Harvard Medical School and the University of California, San Francisco, which sought to eliminate the subjective metrics present in the U.S. News & World Report rankings, gave Einstein a rank of #13 relative to other medicals schools in the United States, placing it among the top 10 percent. Einstein is currently ranked #35 in research by U.S. News & World Report out of 170 medical schools. Albert Einstein offers joint residency programs between Montefiore Medical Center and\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein College of Medicine\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13704773\",\n \"text\": \"Progressive Party during the 1948 Presidential election which also advocated a pro-Soviet and pro-Israel foreign policy. Einstein served on the Board of Governors of The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. In his Will of 1950, Einstein bequeathed literary rights to his writings to The Hebrew University, where many of his original documents are held in the Albert Einstein Archives. When President Chaim Weizmann died in 1952, Einstein was asked to be Israel's second president, but he declined, stating that he had \\\"neither the natural ability nor the experience to deal with human beings.\\\" He wrote: \\\"I am deeply moved by the\",\n \"title\": \"Political views of Albert Einstein\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15543700\",\n \"text\": \"In 1996 she sued the trustee in charge of a collection of correspondence between Albert and Mileva Einstein, a suit that was settled privately. She left her entire estate valued over a million dollars to attorney Allen P. Wilkinson. Evelyn Einstein Evelyn Einstein (28 March 1941 – 13 April 2011) was the adopted daughter of Hans Albert Einstein, the son of Albert Einstein. Einstein was born in Chicago; after her birth she was adopted by Hans Albert Einstein. Towards the end of her life, she recounted that as a child she was told she was an illegitimate daughter of Albert\",\n \"title\": \"Evelyn Einstein\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15832578\",\n \"text\": \"students between the ages of 2 and 18 years from Pre-Kindergarten through Grade 12 with a campuses in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Lviv, Ukraine and Cambridge, MA, USA. The Albert Einstein International School of Amsterdam is an independent specialist school, focused on Mathematics, Science, Languages and Art. Gifted and Talented Education (GATE) is an essential part of the program. The school is divided into four sections: The Albert Einstein International School prepares students for the most competitive universities like Harvard, Cambridge or Oxford. Study abroad programmes are part of the AEIS curriculum. Students at AEIS are strongly encouraged to participate in\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein International School Amsterdam\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11153627\",\n \"text\": \"immersion program in which classes are taught partly in English and partly in German. Spanish was later added to the mix. The German-English immersion program has attracted visits from members of the German Parliament. As with all charter schools in San Diego, the school is free; admission is by application and a lottery. Originally, preference was given to students who speak German. However, that policy was challenged by the school board as possibly discriminatory and is no longer in place. Albert Einstein Academy Charter School Albert Einstein Academy Charter School is an IB Primary Years Programme-certified charter school in San\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein Academy Charter School\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10179358\",\n \"text\": \"to earn 24 Carnegie credits to get the high school diploma. Additionally, students have programs to be ready to attend U.S. colleges and universities. Albert Einstein International School of San Pedro Sula is the official test center of the American College Test or ACT test and PSAT for San Pedro Sula. At Albert Einstein International School of San Pedro Sula, registration starts in May. The matriculation period is opened to all students. Prospective parents need to pay a registration fee of US$100. Tuition costs vary by the grade in which the student is registered. Tuition and fees start from US$1,200.\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein International School of San Pedro Sula\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11153626\",\n \"text\": \"Albert Einstein Academy Charter School Albert Einstein Academy Charter School is an IB Primary Years Programme-certified charter school in San Diego, California, United States. It is a part of the San Diego Unified School District. Established in 2002, it is the only school in the district authorized as an IB-PYP school. The school serves grades kindergarten through 8th grade. It is actually chartered as two schools: an elementary school (K-5) of about 300 students and a middle school (6-8) of about 250 students. It is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges. The school teaches via a language\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein Academy Charter School\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15367719\",\n \"text\": \"could not occur before 11 June, as the \\\"Zvezda\\\" port (where the \\\"Albert Einstein\\\" docked) was occupied by Progress 51. After Progress 51 departed on 11 June, cameras on the ISS checked the \\\"Zvezda\\\" docking port to ensure that no damage was caused when Progress 51 docked with the station, as it had a stuck navigation antenna which could have potentially damaged the docking port. No damage to the docking port was detected, and so the ATV's docking proceeded as planned. The ATV docked successfully with the ISS at 14:07 UTC (16:07 CEST) on 15 June 2013 and the hatch\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein ATV\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9437755\",\n \"text\": \"Einsteins formed a close-knit family. Although Albert and Elsa did not have any children of their own, Albert raised Ilse and Margot as his own. They lived in the Berlin area, also having a summer house in Caputh in nearby Potsdam. Elsa spent most of her marriage with Albert acting as gatekeeper, protecting him from unwelcome visitors and charlatans. She also was the driving force behind building their summer house in 1929. In 1933, Albert and Elsa Einstein emigrated to Princeton, New Jersey, US. In autumn 1935, they moved to a house at 112 Mercer Street, bought that August, but\",\n \"title\": \"Elsa Einstein\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15543697\",\n \"text\": \"Evelyn Einstein Evelyn Einstein (28 March 1941 – 13 April 2011) was the adopted daughter of Hans Albert Einstein, the son of Albert Einstein. Einstein was born in Chicago; after her birth she was adopted by Hans Albert Einstein. Towards the end of her life, she recounted that as a child she was told she was an illegitimate daughter of Albert Einstein and a ballet dancer; however, she had no documentation supporting this claim. She obtained a Master's degree in Medieval literature at University of California, Berkeley. She was married to Grover Krantz for 13 years from 1964 to about\",\n \"title\": \"Evelyn Einstein\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4410561\",\n \"text\": \"as a steel designer on a bridge project in Dortmund. In 1936 Hans Albert obtained the doctor of technical science degree. His doctoral thesis \\\"Bed Load Transport as a Probability Problem\\\" is considered the definitive work on sediment transport. Einstein's father, Albert, left Germany in 1933 to escape the virulently antisemitic Nazi threat. Heeding his father's advice, Einstein emigrated from Switzerland to Greenville, South Carolina, in 1938. He worked for the US Department of Agriculture, studying sediment transport from 1938 to 1943. He continued working for the USDA at the California Institute of Technology starting in 1943. In 1947 he\",\n \"title\": \"Hans Albert Einstein\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10599187\",\n \"text\": \"Geisler presented the project on Kickstarter in collaboration with the Sigmund Freud Museum (Vienna) and the Albert Einstein Archives. Supporters of the project could choose to either receive the letters themselves or send them to politicians typeset in the handwriting of Einstein and Freud. Einstein is an integral character in the , being responsible in \\\"\\\" for altering the course of history using a time traveling device he created to remove Adolf Hitler from existence in an attempt to prevent the horrors of World War II, inadvertently leading to Soviet Union's rise to power and conflict with Europe. He continues\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein in popular culture\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10599174\",\n \"text\": \"the university during his life and this support continues with the royalties received from licensing activities. GreenLight licences the commercial use of the name \\\"Albert Einstein\\\" and associated imagery and likenesses of Einstein, as agent for the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. As head licensee the corporation can control commercial usage of Einstein's name and theoretically ensure compliance with certain standards (e.g., when Einstein's name is used as a trademark, the ™ symbol must be used). There is a persistent popular belief that Einstein was left-handed, but there is no evidence that he was, and the belief has been called a\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein in popular culture\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12297670\",\n \"text\": \"54), in which he showed concern that she had scarlet fever. His asking \\\"as what is the child registered? [Adding] we must take precautions that problems don't arise for her later\\\" may indicate the intention to give the child up for adoption. As neither the full name, nor the fate of the child are known, so far several hypotheses about her life and death have been put forward: A letter widely circulated on the Internet on the \\\"universal force\\\" of love, attributed as \\\"a letter from Albert Einstein to his daughter\\\", is a hoax. Abraham Einstein (8 Apr 1808 –\",\n \"title\": \"Einstein family\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2125\",\n \"text\": \"milky white. Einstein relates this to Rayleigh scattering, which is what happens when the fluctuation size is much smaller than the wavelength, and which explains why the sky is blue. Einstein quantitatively derived critical opalescence from a treatment of density fluctuations, and demonstrated how both the effect and Rayleigh scattering originate from the atomistic constitution of matter. Einstein's \\\"\\\"Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter Körper\\\"\\\" (\\\"On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies\\\") was received on 30 June 1905 and published 26 September of that same year. It reconciled conflicts between Maxwell's equations (the laws of electricity and magnetism) and the laws of Newtonian mechanics\",\n \"title\": \"Albert Einstein\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["writer","author","mathematician","professor","theoretical physicist","physicist","philosopher","scientist","peace activist","pacifist"],"string":"[\n \"writer\",\n \"author\",\n \"mathematician\",\n \"professor\",\n \"theoretical physicist\",\n \"physicist\",\n \"philosopher\",\n \"scientist\",\n \"peace activist\",\n \"pacifist\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":599,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"where to travel around sydney?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"6392894","text":"Road through Gladesville, where it eventually terminated at Fort Macquarie (present site of the Sydney Opera House). The entire trip took approximately 61 minutes to complete, and was the single longest route on the Sydney tram network, measuring 10 miles 61 chains (17.3 km) via Pyrmont. In 1914 a single tram line was added between Ryde Post Office (corner of Church Street and Parkes Street) and West Ryde railway station. The Sydney to Ryde service became very popular, particularly at weekends when Sydney residents would travel to the orchards of the Ryde District to buy produce. The tram service from","title":"Trams in Sydney"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6392894\",\n \"text\": \"Road through Gladesville, where it eventually terminated at Fort Macquarie (present site of the Sydney Opera House). The entire trip took approximately 61 minutes to complete, and was the single longest route on the Sydney tram network, measuring 10 miles 61 chains (17.3 km) via Pyrmont. In 1914 a single tram line was added between Ryde Post Office (corner of Church Street and Parkes Street) and West Ryde railway station. The Sydney to Ryde service became very popular, particularly at weekends when Sydney residents would travel to the orchards of the Ryde District to buy produce. The tram service from\",\n \"title\": \"Trams in Sydney\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"psg_id":"16606907","text":"FCTG's corporate division included seven different businesses, which in 2004 were consolidated to form FCM Travel Solutions. The reach of FCM's global network broadened significantly with the acquisition of major travel companies including Sydney Business Travel (Australia), Internet Travel Group (Australia), Garber Travel (USA), Bannockburn (USA), Britannic Travel (UK), American International Travel (Hong Kong), Liberty (USA), Friends Globe Travels (India), China Comfort (China), Air Services International (Singapore), Worldwide Aviation Services (Malaysia) and Business Travel Development B.V. (BTD) (Netherlands). Since 2004, FCM has continued to partner with local travel companies around the world to expand the company's network to 90 countries.","title":"FCM Travel Solutions"},{"psg_id":"2294600","text":"Auckland, New Zealand - A travel survey was conducted in 2006 and involved 6,000 households in the greater Auckland region. Brisbane, Australia - The South East Queensland Travel Survey collects travel data in the Greater Brisbane region and the neighbouring areas of Gold Coast and Sunshine Coast. The continuous survey commenced in 2003 and surveys around 6,000 households every two years. Hobart, Australia - The Greater Hobart Household Travel Survey collects information from 200 households each month. London, United Kingdom - The London Travel Demand Survey covers 8,000 households annually. Data is collected via face to face interviews. Sydney, Australia","title":"Travel survey"},{"psg_id":"13838654","text":"with a convoy. Right to the Edge: Sydney to Tokyo by Any Means Right to the Edge: Sydney to Tokyo By Any Means, also known by the working title By Any Means 2 is a 2009 adventure series by Charley Boorman and is a sequel to the 2008 BBC travel series and book \"By Any Means\" in which Boorman travels one from one place to another by any mode of transport. \"By Any Means 2\" follows Boorman's journey from Sydney, where the last series finished to Tokyo. On 22 March 2009, Charley announced on his Twitter page that a sequel,","title":"Right to the Edge: Sydney to Tokyo by Any Means"},{"psg_id":"13838637","text":"Right to the Edge: Sydney to Tokyo by Any Means Right to the Edge: Sydney to Tokyo By Any Means, also known by the working title By Any Means 2 is a 2009 adventure series by Charley Boorman and is a sequel to the 2008 BBC travel series and book \"By Any Means\" in which Boorman travels one from one place to another by any mode of transport. \"By Any Means 2\" follows Boorman's journey from Sydney, where the last series finished to Tokyo. On 22 March 2009, Charley announced on his Twitter page that a sequel, tentatively named By","title":"Right to the Edge: Sydney to Tokyo by Any Means"},{"psg_id":"10340412","text":"data for the 56 Travel to Work Areas-based around Primary Urban Areas in England. Travel to Work Areas in Scotland and Wales and those covering only rural areas are not included. To increase the range of statistics available the \"State of the Cities\" also publishes data for Travel to Work Areas approximated to local authority boundaries. These areas can differ considerably from the more accurate ward-based areas. Travel to work area A Travel to Work Area or TTWA is a statistical tool used by UK Government agencies and local authorities, especially by the Department for Work and Pensions and Jobcentres,","title":"Travel to work area"},{"psg_id":"3987569","text":"Sydney FC is known as \"The Cove\", and are located at the Paddington (northern) end of Allianz Stadium in bays 22– 26. The name came from the original name given to the colonial settlement of Sydney— Sydney Cove. Cove members attend every home match and also travel as a group around the country to support the team at away matches. As a vocal group, The Cove demonstrates its support by singing football chants, wearing club colours, standing up, waving flags and holding banners. On 7 July 2006, Australian rock singer Jimmy Barnes recorded a club song entitled 'Sydney FC For","title":"Sydney FC"},{"psg_id":"1683591","text":"train operating companies, a distinction is made between ticket inspectors and \"Revenue Protection Inspectors\" or \"Authorised Penalty Fare Officers\". Only the latter have the authority to issue penalty fares where a ticket or permit is not held. A similar ticket is known in Germany as Fahrkarte Anfangsstrecke. It can be acquired at older Deutsche Bahn ticket machines and is priced at €15.00. Permit to travel In the ticketing system of the British rail network, a Permit to Travel provisionally allows passengers to travel on a train when they have not purchased a ticket in advance and the ticket office of","title":"Permit to travel"},{"psg_id":"1370410","text":"was known as the Grand Tour, it included cities such as London, Paris, Venice, Florence and Rome. However, The French revolution brought with it the end of the Grand Tour. Travel by water often provided more comfort and speed than land-travel, at least until the advent of a network of railways in the 19th century. Travel for the purpose of tourism is reported to have started around this time when people began to travel for fun as travel was no longer a hard and challenging task. This was capitalised on by people like Thomas Cook selling tourism packages where trains","title":"Travel"},{"psg_id":"198129","text":"firmly located in the habitable zone, the area around the parent star where a rocky planet is most likely to have liquid water. The discovery sets a new record for greatest number of habitable-zone planets found around a single star outside our solar system. All of these seven planets could have liquid water – the key to life as we know it – under the right atmospheric conditions, but the chances are highest with the three in the habitable zone. Interstellar travel Interstellar travel is the term used for crewed or uncrewed travel between stars or planetary systems. Interstellar travel","title":"Interstellar travel"},{"psg_id":"17973307","text":"then travelled to Ramleh where they were based with No. 1 Squadron of the Australian Flying Corps. From there they moved to Jerusalem and began to travel around the region, often visiting historical and archaeological sites, alongside their military duties. Near Aleppo they sketched the results of the RAF bombing raids on the Turkish airbase at Rayak. At Wadi Fara Sydney made a set of studies which eventually became the painting \"The Destruction of the Turkish Transport in the Gorge of the Wadi Fara, Palestine\", which depicted an RAF attack on a Turkish column in a steep gorge. After some","title":"Sydney Carline"},{"psg_id":"2294601","text":"- The continuous Household Travel Survey collects travel data annually for approximately 3,500 households in the Sydney Greater Metropolitan Region. Washington, United States - The Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments conducted a 10,000 household survey in 2007. Southern Ontario, the Transportation Tomorrow Survey was conducted in 2005-6 (two phases: September 2005 -> January 2006 and September 2006 -> February 2007). This is a repeat survey using essentially the same instrument as conducted in 1986, 1991, 1996, 2001 and most recently 2006 where 149,631 households comprise the final database. The survey was conducted using telephone interviews with an advance letter sent","title":"Travel survey"},{"psg_id":"10042553","text":"a price believed to be around $75 million to 115 million. Microsoft officially integrated it as part of its Live Search group of tools in May 2008. On June 3, 2009, Microsoft officially rebranded \"Live Search Farecast\" as \"Bing Travel\" as part of its efforts to create a new search identity. In January 2014, the airfare prediction feature was removed \"to focus resources on areas where we feel there are the greatest opportunities to serve travel needs\". As of May 2015, Microsoft has rebranded Bing Travel to MSN Travel. The link now redirects to the MSN Travel website. In August","title":"MSN Travel"},{"psg_id":"1683589","text":"until a few stops after boarding. Permits to travel are in any case valid for only two hours from the time shown on them. If holders of a \"permit to travel\" are asked to present their ticket by an inspector, they will be asked where they are travelling to and issued with the appropriate ticket and will be charged the difference between the balance already paid, as stated on the permit and the full cost of the ticket for their journey. If they have already paid the full price of the ticket, it will be exchanged for the permit and","title":"Permit to travel"},{"psg_id":"18938545","text":"Travel Insurance Direct Travel Insurance Direct (TID) is an Australian travel insurance company headquartered in Sydney, Australia for Australian and New Zealand residents travelling domestically or internationally. Its policies are arranged and managed by Cerberus and underwritten by certain underwriters at Lloyd's of London. TID was established in 2005 and is a part of the World Nomads Group, a network of companies including World Nomads that supply and service customers with travel services. TID runs all its operations from the World Nomads Group office, located in Sydney. In 2015, World Nomads Group was acquired by private health insurer nib for","title":"Travel Insurance Direct"},{"psg_id":"15614959","text":"such as the \"Vice Guide to Travel\" (2006) were made accessible for free on VBS.tv, and the docu-series \"The Vice Guide to Liberia\" by Andy Capper won a Webby Award, helping foster a future partnership with CNN. The episodes are currently available at VICE.com, where VBS.tv was later merged. Hosts and recurring characters have included Shane Smith, Trace Crutchfield, actor David Cross, Derrick Beckles, editor Gavin McInnes, artist David Choe, and Johnny Knoxville of \"Jackass\". The following are the episodes of \"The Vice Guide to Travel\". The Vice Guide to Travel The Vice Guide to Travel is a travel show-style","title":"The Vice Guide to Travel"},{"psg_id":"5429093","text":"30 Days in Sydney 30 Days in Sydney is a book written by Australian novelist Peter Carey. It was published in 2001 and is subtitled \"\"A Wildly Distorted Account\"\". Superficially a piece of travel writing, \"30 Days in Sydney\" is perhaps more of a view into the psyche of Carey, an Australian returning home after a seventeen-year absence, his motley crew of friends, and Sydneysiders in general. The book takes the form of an impressionistic, possibly somewhat fictionalised, account of Carey's brief stay, and of his attempts to gather his required material. During his time in Sydney, around the 2000","title":"30 Days in Sydney"},{"psg_id":"18938548","text":"bus wrap which featured in their 2014 ‘Just a TID’ advertising campaign. TID is often used by Australian publishers including News.com.au, Sydney Morning Herald Traveller and The Australian as a resource for travel related reporting. TID's travel safety experts have also appeared on Australian TV programs, The Today Show and 7 News Sydney. In 2014, TID partnered with creative agency AJF Partnership Sydney to introduce a new advertising campaign that aimed to make the brand more memorable through using the acronym ‘TID’. Using the slogan ‘For when things go just a TID wrong’, the campaign highlighted TID's role when people","title":"Travel Insurance Direct"},{"psg_id":"10317765","text":"Kuoni Travel Kuoni Travel is a tourism company, operating various services including Charter and scheduled passenger airlines, package holidays, cruise lines, and hotels in destinations around the world across nine different geographic regions. The company specialises in luxury and tailor-made travel for both business and consumer markets, as well as related services such as visa processing. In 2013, the Kuoni Group was named “World’s Leading Luxury Tour Operator” at the annual World Travel Awards. Kuoni was founded in 1906 by the entrepreneur Alfred Kuoni in Zurich, Switzerland, where the firm has continued to be based. Over time, Kuoni grew to","title":"Kuoni Travel"},{"psg_id":"1683585","text":"Permit to travel In the ticketing system of the British rail network, a Permit to Travel provisionally allows passengers to travel on a train when they have not purchased a ticket in advance and the ticket office of the station they are travelling from is closed, without incurring a penalty fare. Some rail passengers may travel without having their tickets checked at any point of their journey—particularly at off-peak times when stations are more likely to be unmanned—the obligation to possess a Permit to Travel allows the collection of at least some revenue from passengers who would otherwise travel for","title":"Permit to travel"},{"psg_id":"14153254","text":"Shan village as Dr Sun, and until his death in 1999, Dalton Gokbo (Bo) Liu liked to stress the close connection by telling the tale of visiting Sun's home with his father William (Uncle Billy) Liu in 1921 when he was secretary of the Sydney branch of the Kuomintang. In 1919 a re-formed Kuomintang was setting up branches around the world, and in 1920 a convention with delegates from Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific met in Sydney. There was wide coverage in the English language press in Sydney, and a fine welcoming reception aboard the SS \"Victoria\", of the","title":"Chinese immigration to Sydney"},{"psg_id":"10340409","text":"Travel to work area A Travel to Work Area or TTWA is a statistical tool used by UK Government agencies and local authorities, especially by the Department for Work and Pensions and Jobcentres, to indicate an area where the population would generally commute to a larger town, city or conurbation for the purposes of employment. As a measure based on urban areas and their commuter hinterland they are a form of Metropolitan Area, though as methods of calculation differ they cannot directly be compared with other specific measurements such as Metropolitan Statistical Areas in the United States. TTWAs have no","title":"Travel to work area"},{"psg_id":"10340410","text":"legal status. However, they give planners and geographers an alternate view of urban life as their boundaries are tied not to arbitrary administrative limits but socio-economic ties. Having an idea of where people commute from for work is particularly useful for public transport planning. Travel to Work Areas are defined by the Office for National Statistics using census data for commuting between wards, based on the different locations of individuals' home and work addresses. A Travel to Work Area is a collection of wards for which \"of the resident economically active population, at least 75% actually work in the area,","title":"Travel to work area"},{"psg_id":"11013608","text":"Live from Sydney to Vegas Live from Sydney to Vegas is the second official DVD from The Black Eyed Peas. It includes two concerts from their Monkey Business Tour, bonus features and innovative technology enabling the viewer to switch back and forth between Sydney and Las Vegas. Directed by Nick Wickham and filmed at the Sydney SuperDome on October 3, 2005 and Hard Rock Hotel and Casino's The Joint. When one is watching \"Dum Diddly\", \"Don't Lie\", \"Where Is the Love?\" or \"Don't Phunk with My Heart\" on the Sydney concert, pressing 'enter' (or 'angle') will take the viewer to","title":"Live from Sydney to Vegas"},{"psg_id":"2926873","text":"the coastal shipping network declined. Train travel was more reliable, the train timetable was not reliant on good weather conditions and the loading and unloading of freight was less hazardous. Little trace remains of a once extensive coastal shipping network. Rather than Sydney Harbour, the Sydney Terminal became the main point of entry or departure for travellers to and from country NSW and for the movement of goods. The construction of a city rail loop was proposed around the turn of the century and provision left adjacent to the main terminal building. Construction did not to occur until the mid","title":"Central railway station, Sydney"},{"psg_id":"18443230","text":"Questions of Travel Questions of Travel is a 2012 novel by Australian author Michelle de Kretser. It won the 2013 Miles Franklin Award and the 2013 Prime Minister's Literary Award for Fiction. The novel concerns two main characters: Laura—an Australian woman who travels the world before returning to Sydney to work for a publisher of travel guides—and Ravi—an IT professional from Sri Lanka who flees his country after a major trauma. The novel \"illuminates travel, work and modern dreams in this brilliant evocation of the way we live now.\" Owen Richardson, in his review of the novel in \"The Monthly\"","title":"Questions of Travel"},{"psg_id":"14153266","text":"the Chinese Seamen's Union was formed in Sydney, with close links to the Australian Seamen's Union and the Chinese Youth League. As well as working for better conditions for seamen, all of these organisations were involved in concealing deserters, falsifying papers and finding unobtrusive jobs. By 1943 reluctant shippers were required to pay Chinese seamen the basic wage plus wartime bonuses. At the same time, labour shortages in Sydney encouraged others not to go to sea at all and it was officially estimated that around 500 seamen were illegally on shore. Some were gaoled and deported, but more were skilfully","title":"Chinese immigration to Sydney"},{"psg_id":"20240834","text":"period. He returned to Ireland and took part in a medical research experiment to earn more money to travel. He then travelled to Thailand where he taught English for a year before moving to Sydney, where he worked as a telephone sales representative. Dissatisfied with office work, Ward left his job and sought to make a living from travelling full time. In 2010, Ward started a blog named \"OneStep4Ward\" to document his travels. By 2012, he had expanded this to a media company, earning money through ad revenue to fund his trips. By the end of that year, he was","title":"Johnny Ward (travel blogger)"},{"psg_id":"18938549","text":"have the need for travel insurance. The campaign featured a range of digital advertising, and outdoor media, including a bus wrap that highlighted how precarious it can be to catch public transport in foreign countries. The campaign media was bought and placed by media agency, Hyland Media. Travel Insurance Direct Travel Insurance Direct (TID) is an Australian travel insurance company headquartered in Sydney, Australia for Australian and New Zealand residents travelling domestically or internationally. Its policies are arranged and managed by Cerberus and underwritten by certain underwriters at Lloyd's of London. TID was established in 2005 and is a part","title":"Travel Insurance Direct"},{"psg_id":"384035","text":"median weekly income for the same period was $719 for individuals, $1,988 for families, and $1,750 for household. Unemployment in the City of Sydney averaged 4.6% for the decade to 2013, much lower than the current rate of unemployment in Western Sydney of 7.3%. Western Sydney continues to struggle to create jobs to meet its population growth despite the development of commercial centres like Parramatta. Each day about 200,000 commuters travel from Western Sydney to the CBD and suburbs in the east and north of the city. Home ownership in Sydney was less common than renting prior to the Second","title":"Sydney"},{"psg_id":"16995604","text":"Derwent, to cross the finish line in Hobart, Tasmania. Line honors were claimed by Wild Oats XI, who broke their own race record, to finish in 1 day, 18 hours 23 minutes and 12 seconds. They defeated their nearest challenger, Ragamuffin Loyal, by around 5 hours 2012 Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race The 2012 Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race, sponsored by Rolex, was the 68th annual running of the \"blue water classic\" Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race. As in past editions of the race, it was hosted by the Cruising Yacht Club of Australia based in Sydney, New South Wales.","title":"2012 Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race"},{"psg_id":"5889535","text":"Sydney, Australia, is to the squalor of 1873; and Helen Cresswell's \"Moondial\", where three times periods are involved (1988, also televised). A \"distinct subgenre\" of stories explore the possibility that time travel might be used as a means of tourism, with travelers curious to visit periods or events such as the Victorian Era, Crucifixion of Christ, or some point where dinosaurs could be watched (or hunted by big game hunters), or to meet historical figures such as Abraham Lincoln or Ludwig van Beethoven. This theme can be addressed from two directions. An early example of present-day tourists travelling back to","title":"Time travel in fiction"},{"psg_id":"6060174","text":"film-making, before deciding on an itinerary for their journey around the world. They were then given a digital video camera, and sent to their first destination. Over the next 100 days, the racers were required to devise, arrange and film a series of ten four-minute documentary films, as well as a stand-by documentary and five \"postcards\". This gave them ten days to travel to their next destination, film the video, and send it back to the ABC in Sydney with detailed editing instructions. The series was broadcast as a weekly half-hour program, with four films shown per episode. Each film","title":"Race Around the World"},{"psg_id":"1818233","text":"described hereafter are fictional and cannot hurt you.\" He repeats the Hogwarts motto: \"Draco dormiens nunquam titillandus\", Latin for \"Never tickle a sleeping dragon\". \"Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them\" contains the history of magizoology and describes 85 magical species found around the world. Scamander says that he collected most of the information found in the book through observations made over years of travel across five continents. He notes that the first edition was commissioned in 1918 by Augustus Worme of Obscurus Books. However, it was not published until 1927. It is now in its fifty-second edition. In the","title":"Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them"},{"psg_id":"1683588","text":"The passenger is supposed to insert coins as near to the value of the fare as possible (if they know the fare and have enough coins), and some machines have a list of common local single and return fares. \"Permits to travel\" bear the warning that they are not fare tickets and must be exchanged for one at the first opportunity. The record of the station of issue means that passengers who travel using it cannot claim that they just boarded the train (allowing them to travel on a cheaper fare) if they are not reached by a ticket inspector","title":"Permit to travel"},{"psg_id":"20431389","text":"from a Target Travel 39 service on Torr Lane in Hartley. The driver of the car involved, a Ford B-Max, was sentenced to 4 years in prison for careless and dangerous driving. Target Travel Target Travel is a bus operator and coach hire company serving South West Devon. Target Travel started as a coach and minibus hire company, before moving on to running commuter routes in and around the Plymouth area. Target ran a number of commuter routes in and around Plymouth, often covering the neighbourhoods and small villages that Stagecoach South West and Plymouth Citybus didn't, meaning the majority","title":"Target Travel"},{"psg_id":"384084","text":"and Perth. There can be up to 350,000 cars using Sydney's roads simultaneously during peak hour, leading to significant traffic congestion. 84.9% of Sydney households own a motor vehicle and 46.5% own two or more. Car dependency is high in Sydney–of people that travel to work, 58.4% use a car, 9.1% catch a train, 5.2% take a bus, and 4.1% walk. In contrast, only 25.2% of working residents in the City of Sydney use a car, whilst 15.8% take a train, 13.3% use a bus, and 25.3% walk. With a rate of 26.3%, Sydney has the highest utilisation of public","title":"Sydney"},{"psg_id":"18443231","text":"described it as \"...a big, ambitious novel of Sydney and the world, globalisation and divided identities. It is everywhere full of intelligence and a vivid sense of individual lives.\" The novel's title, \"Questions of Travel\", is a homage to a poem of the same name by Elizabeth Bishop. The novel carried the following dedication: It also contained the following epigraphs: Questions of Travel Questions of Travel is a 2012 novel by Australian author Michelle de Kretser. It won the 2013 Miles Franklin Award and the 2013 Prime Minister's Literary Award for Fiction. The novel concerns two main characters: Laura—an Australian","title":"Questions of Travel"},{"psg_id":"17020255","text":"more similar storefronts as large as 8,000 square feet around the United States in the next 5 years. In 2013, they partnered with USA Today on the publication’s yearly 10Best award in travel. In 2016, Dean Smith, the president of Liberty Travel's parent company, Flight Centre, declared \"brick and mortar travel agents are still important\". In February 2018, Liberty Travel launched new “Home-Based” Travel Agent Brand to give travel consultants more control over their business. Liberty Travel Liberty Travel is a retail travel and cruise company headquartered at 5 Paragon Drive in Montvale, New Jersey, United States. In 2016, Liberty","title":"Liberty Travel"},{"psg_id":"11007072","text":"reintroduced in late 2012 for both routes. When Ensignbus sold the City Sightseeing business in 2011, it retained ownership of the Sydney operation. In 2016, Sydney Explorer relinquished its City Sightseeing franchise and became a Big Bus Tours affiliate. A casualty of the takeover by City Sightseeing was the one-day pass on the Sydney Explorer which was no longer valid. This used to allow travellers unlimited use on the Sydney and Bondi Explorer buses, it also allowed free travel on regular Sydney Buses services. Today the Explorer has a 24- or 48-hour 'hop-on, hop-off' ticket valid on both Sydney and","title":"Sydney Explorer"},{"psg_id":"11234736","text":"is the equivalent of around A$45 million in modern figures. The supercell dropped hailstones larger than in diameter, with the most significant damage occurring in the central business district and eastern suburbs of Sydney. The event caused around 1000 injuries, with between 200 and 350 people requiring hospitalisation or other medical attention, predominantly caused by broken glass shards. The majority of severe injuries reported were suffered by people on Sydney's beaches, where many were without shelter. The size of the hailstones were the largest seen in Sydney for 52 years, until the 1999 Sydney hailstorm caused A$1.7 billion in insured","title":"1947 Sydney hailstorm"},{"psg_id":"15871125","text":"a brawl. Dad then gets a letter from Tom announcing that old Spotty the cow has got a calf and that Mum's eggs are hatching. This makes them get homesick and they go home. After \"Our Friends, the Hayseeds\", Smith was able to pre-sell this sequel to forty Sydney theatres by the end of that month. This was the first film made by stage actor Fred MacDonald who played Dave Rudd on stage and in several films, notably for Ken G. Hall. The part of Jim Hayseed was similar to Dave Rudd. The movie was filmed in and around Sydney","title":"The Hayseeds Come to Sydney"},{"psg_id":"17820981","text":"Travel Counsellors Travel Counsellors Ltd. is an independent travel company headquartered in Manchester, England. It was founded in 1994 by travel entrepreneur David Speakman and operates in 7 countries around the world. The company specialises in bespoke holidays and business travel, and has over 1,600 travel agents globally, running their own home-based franchise, in the United Kingdom, Ireland, The Netherlands, Belgium, South Africa, Australia and the UAE. Travel Counsellors is an independent home-based travel company with turnover at the end of its last financial year (Oct 31 2015) of £166 million – up 22% year on year. Travel Counsellors has","title":"Travel Counsellors"},{"psg_id":"13914629","text":"The Travel Corporation The Travel Corporation (TTC), is a multinational group of travel and leisure companies, operating in over 70 countries and with 40 offices around the world. It employs more than 10,000 staff, and serves 1.9 million guests annually. It comprises 29 travel brands, which are independently managed and comprise tour operations, hotels and river cruise ships. The group operates a non-profit affiliate, the TreadRight Foundation, to oversee projects supporting sustainable tourism in various locations around the world. The Travel Corporation's motor-coach escorted touring divisions include AAT Kings (with its sub-brands Aussie Adventure and Inspiring Journeys), Brendan Vacations, Busabout,","title":"The Travel Corporation"},{"psg_id":"17861717","text":"correspondents appear. The Travel Show (TV programme) The Travel Show is a BBC travel programme. The new programme launched in February 2014, and is the immediate successor of long standing travel programme, \"Fast Track\". Using a network of correspondents in London, Tokyo, Sydney, New York and Kuala Lumpur, the programme aims to provide unique insight into the world of travel. It first aired in the UK in late February, after Winter Olympics coverage, in a Friday morning slot on BBC Two. A Sunday evening slot was also added on the BBC News channel in April 2014 and BBC iPlayer. Occasionally","title":"The Travel Show (TV programme)"},{"psg_id":"17861716","text":"The Travel Show (TV programme) The Travel Show is a BBC travel programme. The new programme launched in February 2014, and is the immediate successor of long standing travel programme, \"Fast Track\". Using a network of correspondents in London, Tokyo, Sydney, New York and Kuala Lumpur, the programme aims to provide unique insight into the world of travel. It first aired in the UK in late February, after Winter Olympics coverage, in a Friday morning slot on BBC Two. A Sunday evening slot was also added on the BBC News channel in April 2014 and BBC iPlayer. Occasionally other BBC","title":"The Travel Show (TV programme)"},{"psg_id":"4683769","text":"Jeeps were simply numbered, and the 2005 white Jeeps were given first names. 2006 Jeeps were named after different peaks in the United States, and 2007 Jeeps were named after different rivers in the United States. In late 2006, to promote diabetes awareness and to gather support for a United Nations resolution, the International Diabetes Federation disseminated \"Unite for Diabetes\" travel bugs to be released by volunteers around the world. Unlike the Jeep travel bugs, each Unite for Diabetes travel bug has a specific mission. Every individual bug is assigned to one of 20,000 target cities around the world (for","title":"Travel Bug"},{"psg_id":"20431385","text":"Target Travel Target Travel is a bus operator and coach hire company serving South West Devon. Target Travel started as a coach and minibus hire company, before moving on to running commuter routes in and around the Plymouth area. Target ran a number of commuter routes in and around Plymouth, often covering the neighbourhoods and small villages that Stagecoach South West and Plymouth Citybus didn't, meaning the majority of their customers were elderly or disabled people using bus passes who wouldn't be able to walk to the nearest road served by one of the other companies. It is because of","title":"Target Travel"},{"psg_id":"13015378","text":"the \"American tourists will bring democracy\" thesis?\" Freedom to Travel to Cuba Act Freedom to Travel to Cuba Act is the name of three bills introduced into the United States Congress which would allow U.S. citizens to engage in unrestricted travel to Cuba for the first time since 1963. The first bill, H.R. 5022, was introduced into the 107th Congress House of Representatives in June 2002 by Sen. Jeff Flake (R-Ariz) with 37 cosponsors. The second bill, H.R. 874 / S. 428, was introduced into the 111th Congress House of Representatives in February 2009 by Rep. William Delahunt (D-Mass) with","title":"Freedom to Travel to Cuba Act"},{"psg_id":"13015371","text":"Freedom to Travel to Cuba Act Freedom to Travel to Cuba Act is the name of three bills introduced into the United States Congress which would allow U.S. citizens to engage in unrestricted travel to Cuba for the first time since 1963. The first bill, H.R. 5022, was introduced into the 107th Congress House of Representatives in June 2002 by Sen. Jeff Flake (R-Ariz) with 37 cosponsors. The second bill, H.R. 874 / S. 428, was introduced into the 111th Congress House of Representatives in February 2009 by Rep. William Delahunt (D-Mass) with 179 co-sponsors, including Rosa DeLauro (D-Conn), Sam","title":"Freedom to Travel to Cuba Act"},{"psg_id":"20194519","text":"9 per cent in 2014 and 2 per cent in 2015 due to franchisee's being unhappy with the decision. Helloworld Travel has more than 2,000 travel agents in its retail network around Australia and New Zealand. As at June 30, 2018, the retail network had 2,223 members in Australia and New Zealand. Helloworld Travel uses a franchise model, whereby franchisees are running their own small to medium business looking after their own business leasing, staffing, community marketing and brand marketing. In Australia, the Helloworld Travel network consists of fully branded franchise outlets, Associates, Helloworld Business Travel, Magellan Travel, MTA and","title":"Helloworld Travel"},{"psg_id":"9756220","text":"governmental policies that support active travel. A framework travel plan may be used for speculative development such as a business park where the occupiers of buildings are not known or where there will be multiple occupiers (such as a shared office block). There are many examples of successful travel plans for tertiary campuses. Successful tertiary travel plans are usually prepared with the assistance of the local public transport agency. As well as the initiatives listed for school or workplace travel plans, tertiary travel plans can include a U-pass system for student travel on public transport. The development of travel plans","title":"Travel plan"},{"psg_id":"14153247","text":"and Chinese not born in China were added, 3,680 Chinese were recorded as living in Sydney. This process of concentration continued in the early twentieth century, as Chinese from other parts of the continent, including Melbourne, gravitated to Sydney. The Chinese community was firmly embedded in the landscape of the city and in surrounding suburbs where market gardens thrived. Chinese signs announced businesses in the Chinese sections of town. Chinese gardeners from Go Yui built a temple at Alexandria, then and now run by the Yui Ming Hung Fook Tong. The Sze Yup people did the same at Glebe Point.","title":"Chinese immigration to Sydney"},{"psg_id":"17820982","text":"announced a record month of sales for January, with the value of its holiday bookings topping £48 million for the first time ever. In October 2014 Steve Byrne led a management buyout of the company, backed by Equistone Partners Europe. In 2015 the company announced it was moving headquarters from Bolton to Manchester. Travel Counsellors Travel Counsellors Ltd. is an independent travel company headquartered in Manchester, England. It was founded in 1994 by travel entrepreneur David Speakman and operates in 7 countries around the world. The company specialises in bespoke holidays and business travel, and has over 1,600 travel agents","title":"Travel Counsellors"},{"psg_id":"16529823","text":"Sydney Blu Sydney Blu (born Joanne Judith-Mary Hill; November 22, 1977) is a Canadian DJ, producer, and record label owner. Blu is known for large, live event performances at major venues and dance music festivals around the world and releases on multiple labels, including her own Blu Music. Her singles, \"Give It Up For Me\" and \"Senses and the Mind\" broke beatport.com sales records, and launched her label \"Blu Music\" with her single \"Instinct\". Blu's career began in her native Canada, where she became a well-known member of the electronic dance music community with shows around the country. She moved","title":"Sydney Blu"},{"psg_id":"2780301","text":"headed for Mount Subasio. She and Vaughn travel there and Sydney descends into the cave. There she encounters Sloane again, with the amulet she recovered earlier. Sloane fires several rounds into the floor of the cave at Sydney's feet, causing the floor to give way. Vaughn rescues Sydney and performs CPR on her. The team next tracks Sloane to Mongolia and the tomb of Milo Rambaldi. There Sydney encounters Sloane yet again as he implements his endgame by placing the Horizon on an altar, thus creating a red, hovering ball-shaped fluid similar to that created by the Mueller device. Sydney","title":"Sydney Bristow"},{"psg_id":"15543704","text":"its structure with that of India and South Africa, where their domestic teams are based around cities. This was an important factor for the ongoing Champions League Twenty20 tournament, where those three nations were founding members. It was decided that there would be two teams from Sydney, two teams from Melbourne, and one from each other capital city for an eight team competition. The names Sixers (and Thunder for cross-city rivals) were decided upon by Cricket NSW. Other names considered for the two teams were Rocks and Edge. The Sydney Sixers were chosen to host the first game of the","title":"Sydney Sixers"},{"psg_id":"1683586","text":"free. Most train operating companies (TOCs) have altered their penalty fare policies and have removed many \"permit to travel\" machines. PERTIS machines at larger stations have also in recent years given way to more sophisticated self-service ticket machines. The system, known officially as PERTIS (Permit to Travel Issuing System ), was first introduced by Network SouthEast in November 1988 on the LTS route between London Fenchurch Street and Shoeburyness. The machines, which closely resemble those found in pay and display car parks, were manufactured by Almex Control Systems. Machines were given the designation AS-9 (wall-mounted) or AS-88 (mounted on a","title":"Permit to travel"},{"psg_id":"9994771","text":"college student audience and list exclusive airfare deals and travel products. Significant sites in this area include StudentUniverse and STA Travel. A social travel website is a type of travel website that will look at where the user is going and pair them with other places they want to go based on where other people have gone. Couchsurfing is a type of travel that allows travelers to stay at a local's home during trips. Finding hosts and visitors happens online, either through the CouchSurfing website or app. Hosts are not allowed to charge couchsurfers for lodging, providing travelers with a","title":"Travel website"},{"psg_id":"8726103","text":"Travel Go Go — The International Travel Game, later Travel Go, is a family board game, based on international travel, which was manufactured by Waddingtons Ltd from 1961 onwards. The objective of the game is to travel the world by air, sea, rail and road, collect a pre-determined number of souvenirs from each city visited, and to return to the starting point (London). The board is in two parts, and each player has a counter on each part. The outer edge is where the player moves when in a city, and is where money can be changed and tickets purchased.","title":"Travel Go"},{"psg_id":"1370407","text":"else, religious pilgrimages and mission trips, business travel, trade, commuting, and other reasons, such as to obtain health care or waging or fleeing war or for the enjoyment of traveling. Travellers may use human-powered transport such as walking or bicycling; or vehicles, such as public transport, automobiles, trains and airplanes. Motives for travel include: Travel dates back to antiquity where wealthy Greeks and Romans would travel for leisure to their summer homes and villas in cities such as Pompeii and Baiae. While early travel tended to be slower, more dangerous, and more dominated by trade and migration, cultural and technological","title":"Travel"},{"psg_id":"4413275","text":"light, but the space around it would). This could in theory allow practical intergalactic travel. There is no known way to create the space-distorting wave this concept needs to work, but the metrics of the equations comply with relativity and the limit of light speed. Intergalactic travel Intergalactic travel is the term used for hypothetical manned or unmanned travel between galaxies. Due to the enormous distances between our own galaxy the Milky Way and even its closest neighbors<wbr>—<wbr>hundreds of thousands to millions of light-years<wbr>—<wbr>any such venture would be far more technologically demanding than even interstellar travel. Intergalactic distances are roughly","title":"Intergalactic travel"},{"psg_id":"12531560","text":"Whale watching in Sydney Whale watching is a popular pastime in Sydney in the winter and spring. There are a number of different migration and whale seasons. The humpback whale migration passing Sydney takes place between April and December each year. The season is split into two distinct sections depending on the direction of travel of the majority of whales at that time. The migrating population is named the Group 5 Southern Hemisphere humpback whale population or the Australian East coast humpbacks. As distinct from other humpback migration populations that travel along the West Australian and South African coasts. The","title":"Whale watching in Sydney"},{"psg_id":"2979451","text":"Travel agency A travel agency is a private retailer or public service that provides travel and tourism related services to the public on behalf of suppliers such as activities, airlines, car rentals, cruise lines, hotels, railways, travel insurance, and package tours. In addition to dealing with ordinary tourists, most travel agencies have a separate department devoted to making travel arrangements for business travelers; some travel agencies specialize in commercial and business travel only. There are also travel agencies that serve as general sales agents for foreign travel companies, allowing them to have offices in countries other than where their headquarters","title":"Travel agency"},{"psg_id":"5388855","text":"It's Better to Travel It's Better to Travel is the debut album by the British pop band Swing Out Sister, released in 1987 on Mercury Records. Upon its release, the album reached number one on the UK Albums Chart. This was Swing Out Sister's debut album and contained the hit single \"Breakout\", which reached number 4 on the UK pop chart in November 1986 and number 6 on the US pop chart in November 1987. Subsequent singles released from \"It's Better to Travel\" include \"Surrender\", \"Twilight World\" and \"Fooled by a Smile\". The original vinyl and cassette release comprised the","title":"It's Better to Travel"},{"psg_id":"15614958","text":"The Vice Guide to Travel The Vice Guide to Travel is a travel show-style documentary show released in 2006 by Vice Media, as part of the VBS.tv online television division of Vice. The show follows Vice employees as they travel to dangerous, weird, and offbeat locations throughout the globe. In 2006 VICE released the DVD “The Vice Guide to Travel,” which was funded by MTV and inspired by the long-running series of \"Vice Guides\" in the magazine. VICE reporters and camera teams visited locations such as the slums of Rio, Congo, and Paraguay. Spike Jonze helped edit the pieces. Videos","title":"The Vice Guide to Travel"},{"psg_id":"5642648","text":"Association of British Travel Agents ABTA is a UK travel trade association for tour operators and travel agents. Previously known as Association of British Travel Agents, its name was changed on 1 July 2007 to ABTA, The Travel Association to reflect its wider representation of the travel industry. On 1 July 2008 it merged with the Federation of Tour Operators (FTO). It was founded in 1950 by 22 leading travel companies. ABTA has been around for over 65 years and is the UK’s largest travel association, representing travel agents and tour operators that sell around £32 billion of holidays and","title":"Association of British Travel Agents"},{"psg_id":"20601356","text":"Sydney to Me \"Sydney to Me\" is a song performed by Australian duo Jess & Matt, released on 25 January 2017 to coincide with their performance at the Australia Day concert. The song was commissioned by Destination NSW as their new campaign tune. \"Sydney to Me\" is the lead and only single from the duo's extended play, \"Belmont Street\". Matt Price told the Daily Telegraph “We got this amazing opportunity, we were invited to collaborate on the song, its our home town so it is an honour to put our feeling about Sydney in to a song” with Jess Dunbar","title":"Sydney to Me"},{"psg_id":"1370411","text":"and hotels were booked together. Airships and airplanes took over much of the role of long-distance surface travel in the 20th century, notably after the second World War where there was a surplus of both aircraft and pilots. Travel may be local, regional, national (domestic) or international. In some countries, non-local internal travel may require an internal passport, while international travel typically requires a passport and visa. A trip may also be part of a round-trip, which is a particular type of travel whereby a person moves from one location to another and returns. Authorities emphasize the importance of taking","title":"Travel"},{"psg_id":"20601359","text":"Asian guests from both domestic and international markets – as evident in the turnout last night. Their bilingual performance of Sydney To Me was definitely a highlight of the evening,” In a review of the EP, David from auspOp said “\"Sydney to Me\" is a nice ode to a city they love... It’s a great sentiment for a great city.” Andrew P Street from Sydney Morning Herald was critical of the song saying \"[it's] a song that sounds like it was looped on a laptop in someone's bedroom\" adding \"In short, \"Sydney to Me\" beautifully reflects up the soul of","title":"Sydney to Me"},{"psg_id":"20601360","text":"the city right now: vapid, unengaging, and forged entirely by the forces of naked commerce. It's not a song anyone could love, but it's unambiguously the song that we deserve.\" Zanda Wilson described the video as a \"shockingly insular, cringeworthy, one-dimensional view of Sydney\" adding \"the overly synthetic, instrument-free song itself is hardly a redeeming factor\". Sydney to Me \"Sydney to Me\" is a song performed by Australian duo Jess & Matt, released on 25 January 2017 to coincide with their performance at the Australia Day concert. The song was commissioned by Destination NSW as their new campaign tune. \"Sydney","title":"Sydney to Me"},{"psg_id":"19882187","text":"station meant the show was unsuccessful and was cancelled within the same year it commenced. It was the last television series to be hosted by O'Keefe. Only two episodes are known to still exist. Where The Action Is (Australia) Where The Action Is was an Australian television show that aired from January to November 1966. It starred Johnny O'Keefe and was produced by the newly launched TEN Network. The concept revolved around O'Keefe traveling to locations around Sydney, and later in the show's run, around Australia. Each episode would feature guest stars that would sing many of their current hits.","title":"Where The Action Is (Australia)"},{"psg_id":"19882186","text":"Where The Action Is (Australia) Where The Action Is was an Australian television show that aired from January to November 1966. It starred Johnny O'Keefe and was produced by the newly launched TEN Network. The concept revolved around O'Keefe traveling to locations around Sydney, and later in the show's run, around Australia. Each episode would feature guest stars that would sing many of their current hits. The show marked O'Keefe's return to Australian television following the cancellation of his previous show \"Sing, Sing, Sing\" in 1965. A combination of O'Keefe's waning popularity, budget constraints, and technical limitations at the new","title":"Where The Action Is (Australia)"},{"psg_id":"7434959","text":"of around , but grew in size until it was across. The waterspout proceeded to strike several other boats with weaker winds. The tornado should not be confused with the severe storm that wrought havoc on the race in 1998. Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race waterspout The south coast tornado was a tornadic waterspout spawned by a supercell thunderstorm off the south coast of New South Wales on 26 December 2001, during the Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race. The tornado passed very close to the yacht \"Nicorette II\", which was severely damaged but able to complete the race with a","title":"Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race waterspout"},{"psg_id":"9756219","text":"councils in the UK, Australia and New Zealand are actively involved in helping schools to develop and implement travel plans. In Canada, a national pilot project running from 2010 to 2012 is designed to bring stakeholders together to build school travel plans collaboratively. Typical actions in a school travel plan include promoting the health benefits of walking, providing more or better pedestrian crossings, tighter enforcement of parking and traffic rules around the school, providing cycle training, and setting up a walking school bus. School travel planning groups like Green Communities Canada also work on a policy level to encourage multi-tiered","title":"Travel plan"},{"psg_id":"10991592","text":"about locally due to the use of cars and motorways, and internationally by aeroplanes. Some of the social threats of hypermobility include: The addictive properties of hypermobile travel have been noted by researchers. Widespread Internet use is seen as a contributory factor towards hypermobility due to the increased ease which it enables travel to be desired and organized. To the extent that the Internet perversely stimulates travel, it represents a lost opportunity to reduce overall emissions because online communication is a straightforward substitute for physical travel. The term hypermobility arose around 1980 concerning the flow of capital, and since the","title":"Hypermobility (travel)"},{"psg_id":"12685609","text":"Sydney/Melbourne Express The Sydney/Melbourne Express was an overnight intercapital passenger train service that operated between the Australia's largest two cities, Sydney and Melbourne, between August 1986 and November 1993. Operated jointly by State Rail Authority and V/Line the name depended on the direction of travel, with the train nicknamed the 'Sex' or 'Mex'. The Sydney/Melbourne Express was formed to replace the \"Spirit of Progress\" and \"Southern Aurora\" to cut operating costs of the intercapital rail service with the first train operating on 2 August 1986. The last \"Melbourne Express\" ran on the night of 20 November 1993 ex Sydney, with","title":"Sydney/Melbourne Express"},{"psg_id":"3932861","text":"into voluntary administration following the 2001/2002 season and was then purchased by a new investment group, the franchise decided to move back to the Entertainment Centre in 2002, citing falling attendances and the high cost of playing their games at the NBA-size venue. It was also speculated at the time that the core of the Kings fan base came from the eastern and northern suburbs of Sydney and that fans were not enthused about having to travel to Homebush for games. The Kings moved back to the Entertainment Centre in 2002, where they remained until 2015, though they were forced","title":"Sydney Kings"},{"psg_id":"16989460","text":"Around the Block (film) Around the Block is a 2013 Australian drama film directed and written by Sarah Spillane. The films stars Christina Ricci, Hunter Page-Lochard, Jack Thompson and Damian Walshe-Howling. The films revolves around an American drama teacher (Ricci) who develops a friendship with a sixteen-year-old Aboriginal Australian boy (Page-Lochard) during the 2004 Redfern riots. An American drama teacher named Dino Chalmers (Christina Ricci), who has a passion for Shakespeare, gets the opportunity to work at a school in Sydney, Australia, where she attempts to introduce theatre as an alternative to life on the tough streets of Redfern in","title":"Around the Block (film)"},{"psg_id":"2294602","text":"to households to solicit their participation. Denmark's most recent National Travel was initiated in 2006 and has been going on continuously since then. The interviews are conducted using the internet and telephone interviews. Germany is conducting its National Travel Survey since 1994 on a yearly basis. Each household member fills in a travel diary in which he records each trip made during the course of one week. Despite this yearly survey there is another non regular scheduled survey which is conducted again in 2008. 25,000 households are expected to participate. The Netherlands National Travel Survey surveyed around 34,500 households in","title":"Travel survey"},{"psg_id":"3712276","text":"Sydney, where they joined the escort of the first convoy delivering Australian and New Zealand soldiers to Egypt. The convoy sailed around the southern coast of Australia to Albany, then departed on 1 November for Colombo. On the morning of 9 November, the communications station at Direction Island, in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands group, was captured by the German light cruiser . Before capture, the station was able to transmit an SOS, which was received by the troop convoy, and \"Sydney\" was ordered to investigate. \"Emden\"s wireless operators had overheard the distress call and the orders to \"Sydney\", and prepared","title":"HMAS Sydney (1912)"},{"psg_id":"2478372","text":"the best performing private school nationwide, and a top performer in the New South Wales Higher School Certificate where the median ATAR ('Australian Tertiary Admissions Ranking') of the school's students is around 96. Tuition is A$31,419 per year (for Forms I – VI, non-boarding). Sydney Grammar is located near the Sydney central business district. The campus is compact and consists of multi-storey buildings (of up to eight floors) in a concrete landscape setting. Sydney Grammar is situated on the eastern side of Sydney's Hyde Park, next to the Australian Museum, and extends from College Street to Yurong Street. The designs","title":"Sydney Grammar School"},{"psg_id":"2427986","text":"famed for her around-the-world sailing, has been nominated several times for World Yachtswoman of the Year and was Australian Yachtswoman of the Year for 2004–05. In 2005 she was part of the crew for the winning \"Wild Oats\". In 2011, Jessica Watson, known for her solo unassisted sail around the world at age 16, skippered the Sydney Hobart yacht race with a crew of six other young Australians and three Britons all aged 21 or under, making them the youngest ever to compete in the blue water classic. In total, over a thousand women have taken part in the race.","title":"Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race"},{"psg_id":"2780295","text":"corrected by Prophet Five and the baby is saved. After being extracted by APO, Sydney is reunited with her mother and together with her and Jack they travel to Vancouver in order to obtain a mysterious object called \"The Horizon\" which Prophet Five believed Sydney possessed. During this mission, which is complicated by the discovery that Irina works for Prophet Five and a subsequent attack by Peyton, Sydney goes into labor and — with the aid of Irina and Jack — gives birth to a baby girl, named Isabelle. Irina subsequently disappears with The Horizon. After the birth of Isabelle,","title":"Sydney Bristow"},{"psg_id":"17111614","text":"Line and T8 Airport & South Line then travel through the City Circle - a ring line beneath the Sydney central business district. After completing the City Circle, these trains pass through Central for a second time and return to the suburbs. The T1 North Shore, Northern & Western Line and T4 Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra Line pass through the central business district and continue on to other areas of Sydney. The T5 Cumberland Line serves Western Sydney and provides access to the major centre of Parramatta from the south west of the city without requiring a change of trains","title":"Sydney Trains"},{"psg_id":"7894681","text":"Richard Hickox, and Sir Simon Rattle. The current musical director and chorusmaster is Brett Weymark. Sydney Philharmonia’s singing commitments have grown to the point where a typical year (2018) sees it perform 12 performances in its own concerts and 20 performances with the Sydney Symphony. Other commitments such as corporate events, commercial concerts and the like mean that the organisation mounts around 50 performances a year. Sydney Philharmonia has taken part in many civic and community events such as the 1988 bicentennial celebrations and the opening ceremony of the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano as part of an international video","title":"Sydney Philharmonia Choirs"},{"psg_id":"12617385","text":"system was developed by Whole Travel in conjunction with non-profit organizations such as Rainforest Alliance and academics at Stanford University. Each hotel receives a Level 1-5 ranking based on their sustainability practices in four key areas: Environmental Management. Economic Management. Customer Interaction. Social and Cultural Support. During the summer of 2008, Whole Travel Foundation was formed in order to actively improve sustainability in travel and tourism worldwide. Instead of being constrained by Whole Travel's growth, the foundation was set up as a 501(c)(3) organization and actively seeks funds in order to complete sustainability projects around the world. Whole Travel Whole","title":"Whole Travel"},{"psg_id":"12392668","text":"Victoria Road (Sydney) Victoria Road is a major road in Sydney, Australia. Victoria Road connects Parramatta with the western end of Anzac Bridge. It passes through the Sydney suburbs of Rydalmere, Ermington, West Ryde, Ryde, Gladesville, Drummoyne and Rozelle, and is currently one of the longest roads in Sydney. The road passes over two major bridges: the Iron Cove Bridge over Iron Cove, and the Gladesville Bridge over the Parramatta River. The road has been notoriously dubbed as one of the most congested road in Sydney with an average travel speed of 24 km/h during the morning peak period and","title":"Victoria Road (Sydney)"},{"psg_id":"17987918","text":"at 2.4 billion (as at 2012) and to generate 4,000 jobs. The government plans the initial phase would be complete and operational by 2025. Sydney Airport Corporation, the operator of Sydney Airport, was given the right of first refusal to build and operate any second airport in an agreement reached with the Government when Sydney Airport was sold in 2002. Sydney Airport declined the offer to build and operate the airport on 2 May 2017. It is believed the initial phase, with only one runway, would be favourable for budget airlines and airlines offering point to point travel. The airport","title":"Western Sydney Airport"},{"psg_id":"18440368","text":"until March 2010. On April 2010, Sydney Fast Ferries commenced a five-year franchise to operate the service. However, Manly Fast Ferries continued to operate services between Circular Quay Wharf 6 and Manly East Pier via Fort Denison, Taronga Zoo and Watsons Bay. In July 2014, expressions of interest were sought for the next franchise with Bass & Flinders Cruises, SeaLink Travel Group, Sydney Fast Ferries and Transit Systems responding. In December 2014, the franchise was awarded to Bass & Flinders Cruises, with Sydney Fast Ferries ceasing operations on 31 March 2015. Sydney Fast Ferries lodged a complaint in March 2015","title":"Sydney Fast Ferries"},{"psg_id":"8434797","text":"an episode. Sydney Weekender Sydney Weekender is an Australian travel show featuring destinations throughout the state of New South Wales. The program debuted in 1994. It is hosted by Mike Whitney and airs on the Seven Network in New South Wales and nationally on 7Two. The program visits various locations in the state highlighting activities, attractions, and dining options. \"Sydney Weekender\" reached a milestone of 750 episodes on 18 August 2012. The series has spawned spin-offs including \"Melbourne Weekender\". Many of the locations featured in the program have a commercial arrangement whereby they have bought advertisements or paid to be","title":"Sydney Weekender"},{"psg_id":"8434796","text":"Sydney Weekender Sydney Weekender is an Australian travel show featuring destinations throughout the state of New South Wales. The program debuted in 1994. It is hosted by Mike Whitney and airs on the Seven Network in New South Wales and nationally on 7Two. The program visits various locations in the state highlighting activities, attractions, and dining options. \"Sydney Weekender\" reached a milestone of 750 episodes on 18 August 2012. The series has spawned spin-offs including \"Melbourne Weekender\". Many of the locations featured in the program have a commercial arrangement whereby they have bought advertisements or paid to be featured in","title":"Sydney Weekender"},{"psg_id":"12685613","text":"the timetable, allowing the V/Line coaches to be shifted to broad gauge and used to boost the Victorian country rail network services. Sydney/Melbourne Express The Sydney/Melbourne Express was an overnight intercapital passenger train service that operated between the Australia's largest two cities, Sydney and Melbourne, between August 1986 and November 1993. Operated jointly by State Rail Authority and V/Line the name depended on the direction of travel, with the train nicknamed the 'Sex' or 'Mex'. The Sydney/Melbourne Express was formed to replace the \"Spirit of Progress\" and \"Southern Aurora\" to cut operating costs of the intercapital rail service with the","title":"Sydney/Melbourne Express"},{"psg_id":"13015376","text":"their dislike for Fidel Castro. Bob Whitley, president of the United States Tour Operators Association, has supported the measures, remarking \"if Americans don't like the policies of the government of a country, they can choose not to go. But a lot of people want to see Cuba because they've been denied the right.\" For those who support the embargo and are opposed to the liberalization of travel, democracy and human rights in Cuba are the issue. Significant opposition to the liberalization of U.S. travel restrictions exists both within the island of Cuba and the Cuban-American exile community. Arguing against the","title":"Freedom to Travel to Cuba Act"},{"psg_id":"7888124","text":"Public transport in Sydney Public transport in Sydney is provided by an extensive network of operating modes including suburban rail, light rail, buses and ferries. The network will also include a mode of rapid transit, with the new Sydney Metro opening in early 2019. According to the 2006 census, in terms of travel to work or study Sydney has the highest rate of public transport usage among the Australian capital cities of 26.3% with more than 80% of weekday trips to/from Central Sydney being made by public transport. According to the New South Wales State Plan, the state has Australia's","title":"Public transport in Sydney"},{"psg_id":"8988013","text":"Sydney Bypass Sydney Bypass refers to a number of roads, existing and proposed, that motorists can use to avoid the congested approaches to the city's central business district (CBD). The main bypasses are: Some disjointed sections of such planned roads were built but during the 1970s, the focus changed and many sections of these proposed roads were never built. Such disjointed segments of freeway can be seen in such places as Hunters Hill near Gladesville Bridge, where segments of the North West Freeway were constructed. Around this time, freeway planning shifted to building freeways as bypasses. For decades, it has","title":"Sydney Bypass"},{"psg_id":"7888129","text":"commuter rail service consists of a complex system of integrated railway lines, of which most run through the city underground. All city trains consist of eight double deck carriages with two crew members on board–driver and guard. Fares are calculated on the basis of distance travelled. Trains run from 4am until around 1am seven days a week with Nightride bus services covering the network throughout the night when trains are not operating. Sydney Metro is a new rapid transit line that will run from Sydney's north-western suburbs, pass through the city and then travel south-west to Bankstown. NSW TrainLink interurban","title":"Public transport in Sydney"},{"psg_id":"14153244","text":"real glimpse of Sydney's Chinese comes from the 1891 Royal Commission, which took evidence from around 60 people, Chinese and non-Chinese, men and women, from labourers to the community's elite. Mei Quong Tart, perhaps the best known Chinese in Sydney at the time, was a commissioner, and his presence may have kept his fellow commissioners from straying into hyperbole. Their comments on opium smoking carefully noted the limits to this practice, and they found that Chinese gambling houses were dependent on European patronage for survival, and that overall, Chinese gambling accounted for only a tiny fraction of the gambling habits","title":"Chinese immigration to Sydney"},{"psg_id":"14153230","text":"in Australia were afraid of the sexual and racial threats they thought came from Pacific islander and Asian men and it was written that the Chinaman \"marries, or cohabits with the mean white woman, jostles and competes with the white man, and when it comes to labouring in the tropics, supplants him.\" in the Sydney Morning Herald, with interracial sex and prostitution booming in Northern Australia because of the racial sexual imbalance due to the fact that Australia hardly ever permitted the immigration of non-white women. Around Melbourne's Little Bourke Street precinct and Sydney's Lower George Street grew majority Chinese","title":"Chinese immigration to Sydney"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16606907\",\n \"text\": \"FCTG's corporate division included seven different businesses, which in 2004 were consolidated to form FCM Travel Solutions. The reach of FCM's global network broadened significantly with the acquisition of major travel companies including Sydney Business Travel (Australia), Internet Travel Group (Australia), Garber Travel (USA), Bannockburn (USA), Britannic Travel (UK), American International Travel (Hong Kong), Liberty (USA), Friends Globe Travels (India), China Comfort (China), Air Services International (Singapore), Worldwide Aviation Services (Malaysia) and Business Travel Development B.V. (BTD) (Netherlands). Since 2004, FCM has continued to partner with local travel companies around the world to expand the company's network to 90 countries.\",\n \"title\": \"FCM Travel Solutions\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2294600\",\n \"text\": \"Auckland, New Zealand - A travel survey was conducted in 2006 and involved 6,000 households in the greater Auckland region. Brisbane, Australia - The South East Queensland Travel Survey collects travel data in the Greater Brisbane region and the neighbouring areas of Gold Coast and Sunshine Coast. The continuous survey commenced in 2003 and surveys around 6,000 households every two years. Hobart, Australia - The Greater Hobart Household Travel Survey collects information from 200 households each month. London, United Kingdom - The London Travel Demand Survey covers 8,000 households annually. Data is collected via face to face interviews. Sydney, Australia\",\n \"title\": \"Travel survey\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13838654\",\n \"text\": \"with a convoy. Right to the Edge: Sydney to Tokyo by Any Means Right to the Edge: Sydney to Tokyo By Any Means, also known by the working title By Any Means 2 is a 2009 adventure series by Charley Boorman and is a sequel to the 2008 BBC travel series and book \\\"By Any Means\\\" in which Boorman travels one from one place to another by any mode of transport. \\\"By Any Means 2\\\" follows Boorman's journey from Sydney, where the last series finished to Tokyo. On 22 March 2009, Charley announced on his Twitter page that a sequel,\",\n \"title\": \"Right to the Edge: Sydney to Tokyo by Any Means\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13838637\",\n \"text\": \"Right to the Edge: Sydney to Tokyo by Any Means Right to the Edge: Sydney to Tokyo By Any Means, also known by the working title By Any Means 2 is a 2009 adventure series by Charley Boorman and is a sequel to the 2008 BBC travel series and book \\\"By Any Means\\\" in which Boorman travels one from one place to another by any mode of transport. \\\"By Any Means 2\\\" follows Boorman's journey from Sydney, where the last series finished to Tokyo. On 22 March 2009, Charley announced on his Twitter page that a sequel, tentatively named By\",\n \"title\": \"Right to the Edge: Sydney to Tokyo by Any Means\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10340412\",\n \"text\": \"data for the 56 Travel to Work Areas-based around Primary Urban Areas in England. Travel to Work Areas in Scotland and Wales and those covering only rural areas are not included. To increase the range of statistics available the \\\"State of the Cities\\\" also publishes data for Travel to Work Areas approximated to local authority boundaries. These areas can differ considerably from the more accurate ward-based areas. Travel to work area A Travel to Work Area or TTWA is a statistical tool used by UK Government agencies and local authorities, especially by the Department for Work and Pensions and Jobcentres,\",\n \"title\": \"Travel to work area\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3987569\",\n \"text\": \"Sydney FC is known as \\\"The Cove\\\", and are located at the Paddington (northern) end of Allianz Stadium in bays 22– 26. The name came from the original name given to the colonial settlement of Sydney— Sydney Cove. Cove members attend every home match and also travel as a group around the country to support the team at away matches. As a vocal group, The Cove demonstrates its support by singing football chants, wearing club colours, standing up, waving flags and holding banners. On 7 July 2006, Australian rock singer Jimmy Barnes recorded a club song entitled 'Sydney FC For\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney FC\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1683591\",\n \"text\": \"train operating companies, a distinction is made between ticket inspectors and \\\"Revenue Protection Inspectors\\\" or \\\"Authorised Penalty Fare Officers\\\". Only the latter have the authority to issue penalty fares where a ticket or permit is not held. A similar ticket is known in Germany as Fahrkarte Anfangsstrecke. It can be acquired at older Deutsche Bahn ticket machines and is priced at €15.00. Permit to travel In the ticketing system of the British rail network, a Permit to Travel provisionally allows passengers to travel on a train when they have not purchased a ticket in advance and the ticket office of\",\n \"title\": \"Permit to travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1370410\",\n \"text\": \"was known as the Grand Tour, it included cities such as London, Paris, Venice, Florence and Rome. However, The French revolution brought with it the end of the Grand Tour. Travel by water often provided more comfort and speed than land-travel, at least until the advent of a network of railways in the 19th century. Travel for the purpose of tourism is reported to have started around this time when people began to travel for fun as travel was no longer a hard and challenging task. This was capitalised on by people like Thomas Cook selling tourism packages where trains\",\n \"title\": \"Travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"198129\",\n \"text\": \"firmly located in the habitable zone, the area around the parent star where a rocky planet is most likely to have liquid water. The discovery sets a new record for greatest number of habitable-zone planets found around a single star outside our solar system. All of these seven planets could have liquid water – the key to life as we know it – under the right atmospheric conditions, but the chances are highest with the three in the habitable zone. Interstellar travel Interstellar travel is the term used for crewed or uncrewed travel between stars or planetary systems. Interstellar travel\",\n \"title\": \"Interstellar travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17973307\",\n \"text\": \"then travelled to Ramleh where they were based with No. 1 Squadron of the Australian Flying Corps. From there they moved to Jerusalem and began to travel around the region, often visiting historical and archaeological sites, alongside their military duties. Near Aleppo they sketched the results of the RAF bombing raids on the Turkish airbase at Rayak. At Wadi Fara Sydney made a set of studies which eventually became the painting \\\"The Destruction of the Turkish Transport in the Gorge of the Wadi Fara, Palestine\\\", which depicted an RAF attack on a Turkish column in a steep gorge. After some\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney Carline\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2294601\",\n \"text\": \"- The continuous Household Travel Survey collects travel data annually for approximately 3,500 households in the Sydney Greater Metropolitan Region. Washington, United States - The Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments conducted a 10,000 household survey in 2007. Southern Ontario, the Transportation Tomorrow Survey was conducted in 2005-6 (two phases: September 2005 -> January 2006 and September 2006 -> February 2007). This is a repeat survey using essentially the same instrument as conducted in 1986, 1991, 1996, 2001 and most recently 2006 where 149,631 households comprise the final database. The survey was conducted using telephone interviews with an advance letter sent\",\n \"title\": \"Travel survey\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10042553\",\n \"text\": \"a price believed to be around $75 million to 115 million. Microsoft officially integrated it as part of its Live Search group of tools in May 2008. On June 3, 2009, Microsoft officially rebranded \\\"Live Search Farecast\\\" as \\\"Bing Travel\\\" as part of its efforts to create a new search identity. In January 2014, the airfare prediction feature was removed \\\"to focus resources on areas where we feel there are the greatest opportunities to serve travel needs\\\". As of May 2015, Microsoft has rebranded Bing Travel to MSN Travel. The link now redirects to the MSN Travel website. In August\",\n \"title\": \"MSN Travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1683589\",\n \"text\": \"until a few stops after boarding. Permits to travel are in any case valid for only two hours from the time shown on them. If holders of a \\\"permit to travel\\\" are asked to present their ticket by an inspector, they will be asked where they are travelling to and issued with the appropriate ticket and will be charged the difference between the balance already paid, as stated on the permit and the full cost of the ticket for their journey. If they have already paid the full price of the ticket, it will be exchanged for the permit and\",\n \"title\": \"Permit to travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18938545\",\n \"text\": \"Travel Insurance Direct Travel Insurance Direct (TID) is an Australian travel insurance company headquartered in Sydney, Australia for Australian and New Zealand residents travelling domestically or internationally. Its policies are arranged and managed by Cerberus and underwritten by certain underwriters at Lloyd's of London. TID was established in 2005 and is a part of the World Nomads Group, a network of companies including World Nomads that supply and service customers with travel services. TID runs all its operations from the World Nomads Group office, located in Sydney. In 2015, World Nomads Group was acquired by private health insurer nib for\",\n \"title\": \"Travel Insurance Direct\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15614959\",\n \"text\": \"such as the \\\"Vice Guide to Travel\\\" (2006) were made accessible for free on VBS.tv, and the docu-series \\\"The Vice Guide to Liberia\\\" by Andy Capper won a Webby Award, helping foster a future partnership with CNN. The episodes are currently available at VICE.com, where VBS.tv was later merged. Hosts and recurring characters have included Shane Smith, Trace Crutchfield, actor David Cross, Derrick Beckles, editor Gavin McInnes, artist David Choe, and Johnny Knoxville of \\\"Jackass\\\". The following are the episodes of \\\"The Vice Guide to Travel\\\". The Vice Guide to Travel The Vice Guide to Travel is a travel show-style\",\n \"title\": \"The Vice Guide to Travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5429093\",\n \"text\": \"30 Days in Sydney 30 Days in Sydney is a book written by Australian novelist Peter Carey. It was published in 2001 and is subtitled \\\"\\\"A Wildly Distorted Account\\\"\\\". Superficially a piece of travel writing, \\\"30 Days in Sydney\\\" is perhaps more of a view into the psyche of Carey, an Australian returning home after a seventeen-year absence, his motley crew of friends, and Sydneysiders in general. The book takes the form of an impressionistic, possibly somewhat fictionalised, account of Carey's brief stay, and of his attempts to gather his required material. During his time in Sydney, around the 2000\",\n \"title\": \"30 Days in Sydney\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18938548\",\n \"text\": \"bus wrap which featured in their 2014 ‘Just a TID’ advertising campaign. TID is often used by Australian publishers including News.com.au, Sydney Morning Herald Traveller and The Australian as a resource for travel related reporting. TID's travel safety experts have also appeared on Australian TV programs, The Today Show and 7 News Sydney. In 2014, TID partnered with creative agency AJF Partnership Sydney to introduce a new advertising campaign that aimed to make the brand more memorable through using the acronym ‘TID’. Using the slogan ‘For when things go just a TID wrong’, the campaign highlighted TID's role when people\",\n \"title\": \"Travel Insurance Direct\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10317765\",\n \"text\": \"Kuoni Travel Kuoni Travel is a tourism company, operating various services including Charter and scheduled passenger airlines, package holidays, cruise lines, and hotels in destinations around the world across nine different geographic regions. The company specialises in luxury and tailor-made travel for both business and consumer markets, as well as related services such as visa processing. In 2013, the Kuoni Group was named “World’s Leading Luxury Tour Operator” at the annual World Travel Awards. Kuoni was founded in 1906 by the entrepreneur Alfred Kuoni in Zurich, Switzerland, where the firm has continued to be based. Over time, Kuoni grew to\",\n \"title\": \"Kuoni Travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1683585\",\n \"text\": \"Permit to travel In the ticketing system of the British rail network, a Permit to Travel provisionally allows passengers to travel on a train when they have not purchased a ticket in advance and the ticket office of the station they are travelling from is closed, without incurring a penalty fare. Some rail passengers may travel without having their tickets checked at any point of their journey—particularly at off-peak times when stations are more likely to be unmanned—the obligation to possess a Permit to Travel allows the collection of at least some revenue from passengers who would otherwise travel for\",\n \"title\": \"Permit to travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14153254\",\n \"text\": \"Shan village as Dr Sun, and until his death in 1999, Dalton Gokbo (Bo) Liu liked to stress the close connection by telling the tale of visiting Sun's home with his father William (Uncle Billy) Liu in 1921 when he was secretary of the Sydney branch of the Kuomintang. In 1919 a re-formed Kuomintang was setting up branches around the world, and in 1920 a convention with delegates from Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific met in Sydney. There was wide coverage in the English language press in Sydney, and a fine welcoming reception aboard the SS \\\"Victoria\\\", of the\",\n \"title\": \"Chinese immigration to Sydney\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10340409\",\n \"text\": \"Travel to work area A Travel to Work Area or TTWA is a statistical tool used by UK Government agencies and local authorities, especially by the Department for Work and Pensions and Jobcentres, to indicate an area where the population would generally commute to a larger town, city or conurbation for the purposes of employment. As a measure based on urban areas and their commuter hinterland they are a form of Metropolitan Area, though as methods of calculation differ they cannot directly be compared with other specific measurements such as Metropolitan Statistical Areas in the United States. TTWAs have no\",\n \"title\": \"Travel to work area\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10340410\",\n \"text\": \"legal status. However, they give planners and geographers an alternate view of urban life as their boundaries are tied not to arbitrary administrative limits but socio-economic ties. Having an idea of where people commute from for work is particularly useful for public transport planning. Travel to Work Areas are defined by the Office for National Statistics using census data for commuting between wards, based on the different locations of individuals' home and work addresses. A Travel to Work Area is a collection of wards for which \\\"of the resident economically active population, at least 75% actually work in the area,\",\n \"title\": \"Travel to work area\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11013608\",\n \"text\": \"Live from Sydney to Vegas Live from Sydney to Vegas is the second official DVD from The Black Eyed Peas. It includes two concerts from their Monkey Business Tour, bonus features and innovative technology enabling the viewer to switch back and forth between Sydney and Las Vegas. Directed by Nick Wickham and filmed at the Sydney SuperDome on October 3, 2005 and Hard Rock Hotel and Casino's The Joint. When one is watching \\\"Dum Diddly\\\", \\\"Don't Lie\\\", \\\"Where Is the Love?\\\" or \\\"Don't Phunk with My Heart\\\" on the Sydney concert, pressing 'enter' (or 'angle') will take the viewer to\",\n \"title\": \"Live from Sydney to Vegas\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2926873\",\n \"text\": \"the coastal shipping network declined. Train travel was more reliable, the train timetable was not reliant on good weather conditions and the loading and unloading of freight was less hazardous. Little trace remains of a once extensive coastal shipping network. Rather than Sydney Harbour, the Sydney Terminal became the main point of entry or departure for travellers to and from country NSW and for the movement of goods. The construction of a city rail loop was proposed around the turn of the century and provision left adjacent to the main terminal building. Construction did not to occur until the mid\",\n \"title\": \"Central railway station, Sydney\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18443230\",\n \"text\": \"Questions of Travel Questions of Travel is a 2012 novel by Australian author Michelle de Kretser. It won the 2013 Miles Franklin Award and the 2013 Prime Minister's Literary Award for Fiction. The novel concerns two main characters: Laura—an Australian woman who travels the world before returning to Sydney to work for a publisher of travel guides—and Ravi—an IT professional from Sri Lanka who flees his country after a major trauma. The novel \\\"illuminates travel, work and modern dreams in this brilliant evocation of the way we live now.\\\" Owen Richardson, in his review of the novel in \\\"The Monthly\\\"\",\n \"title\": \"Questions of Travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14153266\",\n \"text\": \"the Chinese Seamen's Union was formed in Sydney, with close links to the Australian Seamen's Union and the Chinese Youth League. As well as working for better conditions for seamen, all of these organisations were involved in concealing deserters, falsifying papers and finding unobtrusive jobs. By 1943 reluctant shippers were required to pay Chinese seamen the basic wage plus wartime bonuses. At the same time, labour shortages in Sydney encouraged others not to go to sea at all and it was officially estimated that around 500 seamen were illegally on shore. Some were gaoled and deported, but more were skilfully\",\n \"title\": \"Chinese immigration to Sydney\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20240834\",\n \"text\": \"period. He returned to Ireland and took part in a medical research experiment to earn more money to travel. He then travelled to Thailand where he taught English for a year before moving to Sydney, where he worked as a telephone sales representative. Dissatisfied with office work, Ward left his job and sought to make a living from travelling full time. In 2010, Ward started a blog named \\\"OneStep4Ward\\\" to document his travels. By 2012, he had expanded this to a media company, earning money through ad revenue to fund his trips. By the end of that year, he was\",\n \"title\": \"Johnny Ward (travel blogger)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18938549\",\n \"text\": \"have the need for travel insurance. The campaign featured a range of digital advertising, and outdoor media, including a bus wrap that highlighted how precarious it can be to catch public transport in foreign countries. The campaign media was bought and placed by media agency, Hyland Media. Travel Insurance Direct Travel Insurance Direct (TID) is an Australian travel insurance company headquartered in Sydney, Australia for Australian and New Zealand residents travelling domestically or internationally. Its policies are arranged and managed by Cerberus and underwritten by certain underwriters at Lloyd's of London. TID was established in 2005 and is a part\",\n \"title\": \"Travel Insurance Direct\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"384035\",\n \"text\": \"median weekly income for the same period was $719 for individuals, $1,988 for families, and $1,750 for household. Unemployment in the City of Sydney averaged 4.6% for the decade to 2013, much lower than the current rate of unemployment in Western Sydney of 7.3%. Western Sydney continues to struggle to create jobs to meet its population growth despite the development of commercial centres like Parramatta. Each day about 200,000 commuters travel from Western Sydney to the CBD and suburbs in the east and north of the city. Home ownership in Sydney was less common than renting prior to the Second\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16995604\",\n \"text\": \"Derwent, to cross the finish line in Hobart, Tasmania. Line honors were claimed by Wild Oats XI, who broke their own race record, to finish in 1 day, 18 hours 23 minutes and 12 seconds. They defeated their nearest challenger, Ragamuffin Loyal, by around 5 hours 2012 Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race The 2012 Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race, sponsored by Rolex, was the 68th annual running of the \\\"blue water classic\\\" Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race. As in past editions of the race, it was hosted by the Cruising Yacht Club of Australia based in Sydney, New South Wales.\",\n \"title\": \"2012 Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5889535\",\n \"text\": \"Sydney, Australia, is to the squalor of 1873; and Helen Cresswell's \\\"Moondial\\\", where three times periods are involved (1988, also televised). A \\\"distinct subgenre\\\" of stories explore the possibility that time travel might be used as a means of tourism, with travelers curious to visit periods or events such as the Victorian Era, Crucifixion of Christ, or some point where dinosaurs could be watched (or hunted by big game hunters), or to meet historical figures such as Abraham Lincoln or Ludwig van Beethoven. This theme can be addressed from two directions. An early example of present-day tourists travelling back to\",\n \"title\": \"Time travel in fiction\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"6060174\",\n \"text\": \"film-making, before deciding on an itinerary for their journey around the world. They were then given a digital video camera, and sent to their first destination. Over the next 100 days, the racers were required to devise, arrange and film a series of ten four-minute documentary films, as well as a stand-by documentary and five \\\"postcards\\\". This gave them ten days to travel to their next destination, film the video, and send it back to the ABC in Sydney with detailed editing instructions. The series was broadcast as a weekly half-hour program, with four films shown per episode. Each film\",\n \"title\": \"Race Around the World\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1818233\",\n \"text\": \"described hereafter are fictional and cannot hurt you.\\\" He repeats the Hogwarts motto: \\\"Draco dormiens nunquam titillandus\\\", Latin for \\\"Never tickle a sleeping dragon\\\". \\\"Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them\\\" contains the history of magizoology and describes 85 magical species found around the world. Scamander says that he collected most of the information found in the book through observations made over years of travel across five continents. He notes that the first edition was commissioned in 1918 by Augustus Worme of Obscurus Books. However, it was not published until 1927. It is now in its fifty-second edition. In the\",\n \"title\": \"Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1683588\",\n \"text\": \"The passenger is supposed to insert coins as near to the value of the fare as possible (if they know the fare and have enough coins), and some machines have a list of common local single and return fares. \\\"Permits to travel\\\" bear the warning that they are not fare tickets and must be exchanged for one at the first opportunity. The record of the station of issue means that passengers who travel using it cannot claim that they just boarded the train (allowing them to travel on a cheaper fare) if they are not reached by a ticket inspector\",\n \"title\": \"Permit to travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20431389\",\n \"text\": \"from a Target Travel 39 service on Torr Lane in Hartley. The driver of the car involved, a Ford B-Max, was sentenced to 4 years in prison for careless and dangerous driving. Target Travel Target Travel is a bus operator and coach hire company serving South West Devon. Target Travel started as a coach and minibus hire company, before moving on to running commuter routes in and around the Plymouth area. Target ran a number of commuter routes in and around Plymouth, often covering the neighbourhoods and small villages that Stagecoach South West and Plymouth Citybus didn't, meaning the majority\",\n \"title\": \"Target Travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"384084\",\n \"text\": \"and Perth. There can be up to 350,000 cars using Sydney's roads simultaneously during peak hour, leading to significant traffic congestion. 84.9% of Sydney households own a motor vehicle and 46.5% own two or more. Car dependency is high in Sydney–of people that travel to work, 58.4% use a car, 9.1% catch a train, 5.2% take a bus, and 4.1% walk. In contrast, only 25.2% of working residents in the City of Sydney use a car, whilst 15.8% take a train, 13.3% use a bus, and 25.3% walk. With a rate of 26.3%, Sydney has the highest utilisation of public\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18443231\",\n \"text\": \"described it as \\\"...a big, ambitious novel of Sydney and the world, globalisation and divided identities. It is everywhere full of intelligence and a vivid sense of individual lives.\\\" The novel's title, \\\"Questions of Travel\\\", is a homage to a poem of the same name by Elizabeth Bishop. The novel carried the following dedication: It also contained the following epigraphs: Questions of Travel Questions of Travel is a 2012 novel by Australian author Michelle de Kretser. It won the 2013 Miles Franklin Award and the 2013 Prime Minister's Literary Award for Fiction. The novel concerns two main characters: Laura—an Australian\",\n \"title\": \"Questions of Travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17020255\",\n \"text\": \"more similar storefronts as large as 8,000 square feet around the United States in the next 5 years. In 2013, they partnered with USA Today on the publication’s yearly 10Best award in travel. In 2016, Dean Smith, the president of Liberty Travel's parent company, Flight Centre, declared \\\"brick and mortar travel agents are still important\\\". In February 2018, Liberty Travel launched new “Home-Based” Travel Agent Brand to give travel consultants more control over their business. Liberty Travel Liberty Travel is a retail travel and cruise company headquartered at 5 Paragon Drive in Montvale, New Jersey, United States. In 2016, Liberty\",\n \"title\": \"Liberty Travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11007072\",\n \"text\": \"reintroduced in late 2012 for both routes. When Ensignbus sold the City Sightseeing business in 2011, it retained ownership of the Sydney operation. In 2016, Sydney Explorer relinquished its City Sightseeing franchise and became a Big Bus Tours affiliate. A casualty of the takeover by City Sightseeing was the one-day pass on the Sydney Explorer which was no longer valid. This used to allow travellers unlimited use on the Sydney and Bondi Explorer buses, it also allowed free travel on regular Sydney Buses services. Today the Explorer has a 24- or 48-hour 'hop-on, hop-off' ticket valid on both Sydney and\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney Explorer\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"11234736\",\n \"text\": \"is the equivalent of around A$45 million in modern figures. The supercell dropped hailstones larger than in diameter, with the most significant damage occurring in the central business district and eastern suburbs of Sydney. The event caused around 1000 injuries, with between 200 and 350 people requiring hospitalisation or other medical attention, predominantly caused by broken glass shards. The majority of severe injuries reported were suffered by people on Sydney's beaches, where many were without shelter. The size of the hailstones were the largest seen in Sydney for 52 years, until the 1999 Sydney hailstorm caused A$1.7 billion in insured\",\n \"title\": \"1947 Sydney hailstorm\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15871125\",\n \"text\": \"a brawl. Dad then gets a letter from Tom announcing that old Spotty the cow has got a calf and that Mum's eggs are hatching. This makes them get homesick and they go home. After \\\"Our Friends, the Hayseeds\\\", Smith was able to pre-sell this sequel to forty Sydney theatres by the end of that month. This was the first film made by stage actor Fred MacDonald who played Dave Rudd on stage and in several films, notably for Ken G. Hall. The part of Jim Hayseed was similar to Dave Rudd. The movie was filmed in and around Sydney\",\n \"title\": \"The Hayseeds Come to Sydney\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17820981\",\n \"text\": \"Travel Counsellors Travel Counsellors Ltd. is an independent travel company headquartered in Manchester, England. It was founded in 1994 by travel entrepreneur David Speakman and operates in 7 countries around the world. The company specialises in bespoke holidays and business travel, and has over 1,600 travel agents globally, running their own home-based franchise, in the United Kingdom, Ireland, The Netherlands, Belgium, South Africa, Australia and the UAE. Travel Counsellors is an independent home-based travel company with turnover at the end of its last financial year (Oct 31 2015) of £166 million – up 22% year on year. Travel Counsellors has\",\n \"title\": \"Travel Counsellors\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13914629\",\n \"text\": \"The Travel Corporation The Travel Corporation (TTC), is a multinational group of travel and leisure companies, operating in over 70 countries and with 40 offices around the world. It employs more than 10,000 staff, and serves 1.9 million guests annually. It comprises 29 travel brands, which are independently managed and comprise tour operations, hotels and river cruise ships. The group operates a non-profit affiliate, the TreadRight Foundation, to oversee projects supporting sustainable tourism in various locations around the world. The Travel Corporation's motor-coach escorted touring divisions include AAT Kings (with its sub-brands Aussie Adventure and Inspiring Journeys), Brendan Vacations, Busabout,\",\n \"title\": \"The Travel Corporation\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17861717\",\n \"text\": \"correspondents appear. The Travel Show (TV programme) The Travel Show is a BBC travel programme. The new programme launched in February 2014, and is the immediate successor of long standing travel programme, \\\"Fast Track\\\". Using a network of correspondents in London, Tokyo, Sydney, New York and Kuala Lumpur, the programme aims to provide unique insight into the world of travel. It first aired in the UK in late February, after Winter Olympics coverage, in a Friday morning slot on BBC Two. A Sunday evening slot was also added on the BBC News channel in April 2014 and BBC iPlayer. Occasionally\",\n \"title\": \"The Travel Show (TV programme)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17861716\",\n \"text\": \"The Travel Show (TV programme) The Travel Show is a BBC travel programme. The new programme launched in February 2014, and is the immediate successor of long standing travel programme, \\\"Fast Track\\\". Using a network of correspondents in London, Tokyo, Sydney, New York and Kuala Lumpur, the programme aims to provide unique insight into the world of travel. It first aired in the UK in late February, after Winter Olympics coverage, in a Friday morning slot on BBC Two. A Sunday evening slot was also added on the BBC News channel in April 2014 and BBC iPlayer. Occasionally other BBC\",\n \"title\": \"The Travel Show (TV programme)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4683769\",\n \"text\": \"Jeeps were simply numbered, and the 2005 white Jeeps were given first names. 2006 Jeeps were named after different peaks in the United States, and 2007 Jeeps were named after different rivers in the United States. In late 2006, to promote diabetes awareness and to gather support for a United Nations resolution, the International Diabetes Federation disseminated \\\"Unite for Diabetes\\\" travel bugs to be released by volunteers around the world. Unlike the Jeep travel bugs, each Unite for Diabetes travel bug has a specific mission. Every individual bug is assigned to one of 20,000 target cities around the world (for\",\n \"title\": \"Travel Bug\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20431385\",\n \"text\": \"Target Travel Target Travel is a bus operator and coach hire company serving South West Devon. Target Travel started as a coach and minibus hire company, before moving on to running commuter routes in and around the Plymouth area. Target ran a number of commuter routes in and around Plymouth, often covering the neighbourhoods and small villages that Stagecoach South West and Plymouth Citybus didn't, meaning the majority of their customers were elderly or disabled people using bus passes who wouldn't be able to walk to the nearest road served by one of the other companies. It is because of\",\n \"title\": \"Target Travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13015378\",\n \"text\": \"the \\\"American tourists will bring democracy\\\" thesis?\\\" Freedom to Travel to Cuba Act Freedom to Travel to Cuba Act is the name of three bills introduced into the United States Congress which would allow U.S. citizens to engage in unrestricted travel to Cuba for the first time since 1963. The first bill, H.R. 5022, was introduced into the 107th Congress House of Representatives in June 2002 by Sen. Jeff Flake (R-Ariz) with 37 cosponsors. The second bill, H.R. 874 / S. 428, was introduced into the 111th Congress House of Representatives in February 2009 by Rep. William Delahunt (D-Mass) with\",\n \"title\": \"Freedom to Travel to Cuba Act\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13015371\",\n \"text\": \"Freedom to Travel to Cuba Act Freedom to Travel to Cuba Act is the name of three bills introduced into the United States Congress which would allow U.S. citizens to engage in unrestricted travel to Cuba for the first time since 1963. The first bill, H.R. 5022, was introduced into the 107th Congress House of Representatives in June 2002 by Sen. Jeff Flake (R-Ariz) with 37 cosponsors. The second bill, H.R. 874 / S. 428, was introduced into the 111th Congress House of Representatives in February 2009 by Rep. William Delahunt (D-Mass) with 179 co-sponsors, including Rosa DeLauro (D-Conn), Sam\",\n \"title\": \"Freedom to Travel to Cuba Act\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20194519\",\n \"text\": \"9 per cent in 2014 and 2 per cent in 2015 due to franchisee's being unhappy with the decision. Helloworld Travel has more than 2,000 travel agents in its retail network around Australia and New Zealand. As at June 30, 2018, the retail network had 2,223 members in Australia and New Zealand. Helloworld Travel uses a franchise model, whereby franchisees are running their own small to medium business looking after their own business leasing, staffing, community marketing and brand marketing. In Australia, the Helloworld Travel network consists of fully branded franchise outlets, Associates, Helloworld Business Travel, Magellan Travel, MTA and\",\n \"title\": \"Helloworld Travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9756220\",\n \"text\": \"governmental policies that support active travel. A framework travel plan may be used for speculative development such as a business park where the occupiers of buildings are not known or where there will be multiple occupiers (such as a shared office block). There are many examples of successful travel plans for tertiary campuses. Successful tertiary travel plans are usually prepared with the assistance of the local public transport agency. As well as the initiatives listed for school or workplace travel plans, tertiary travel plans can include a U-pass system for student travel on public transport. The development of travel plans\",\n \"title\": \"Travel plan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14153247\",\n \"text\": \"and Chinese not born in China were added, 3,680 Chinese were recorded as living in Sydney. This process of concentration continued in the early twentieth century, as Chinese from other parts of the continent, including Melbourne, gravitated to Sydney. The Chinese community was firmly embedded in the landscape of the city and in surrounding suburbs where market gardens thrived. Chinese signs announced businesses in the Chinese sections of town. Chinese gardeners from Go Yui built a temple at Alexandria, then and now run by the Yui Ming Hung Fook Tong. The Sze Yup people did the same at Glebe Point.\",\n \"title\": \"Chinese immigration to Sydney\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17820982\",\n \"text\": \"announced a record month of sales for January, with the value of its holiday bookings topping £48 million for the first time ever. In October 2014 Steve Byrne led a management buyout of the company, backed by Equistone Partners Europe. In 2015 the company announced it was moving headquarters from Bolton to Manchester. Travel Counsellors Travel Counsellors Ltd. is an independent travel company headquartered in Manchester, England. It was founded in 1994 by travel entrepreneur David Speakman and operates in 7 countries around the world. The company specialises in bespoke holidays and business travel, and has over 1,600 travel agents\",\n \"title\": \"Travel Counsellors\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16529823\",\n \"text\": \"Sydney Blu Sydney Blu (born Joanne Judith-Mary Hill; November 22, 1977) is a Canadian DJ, producer, and record label owner. Blu is known for large, live event performances at major venues and dance music festivals around the world and releases on multiple labels, including her own Blu Music. Her singles, \\\"Give It Up For Me\\\" and \\\"Senses and the Mind\\\" broke beatport.com sales records, and launched her label \\\"Blu Music\\\" with her single \\\"Instinct\\\". Blu's career began in her native Canada, where she became a well-known member of the electronic dance music community with shows around the country. She moved\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney Blu\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2780301\",\n \"text\": \"headed for Mount Subasio. She and Vaughn travel there and Sydney descends into the cave. There she encounters Sloane again, with the amulet she recovered earlier. Sloane fires several rounds into the floor of the cave at Sydney's feet, causing the floor to give way. Vaughn rescues Sydney and performs CPR on her. The team next tracks Sloane to Mongolia and the tomb of Milo Rambaldi. There Sydney encounters Sloane yet again as he implements his endgame by placing the Horizon on an altar, thus creating a red, hovering ball-shaped fluid similar to that created by the Mueller device. Sydney\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney Bristow\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15543704\",\n \"text\": \"its structure with that of India and South Africa, where their domestic teams are based around cities. This was an important factor for the ongoing Champions League Twenty20 tournament, where those three nations were founding members. It was decided that there would be two teams from Sydney, two teams from Melbourne, and one from each other capital city for an eight team competition. The names Sixers (and Thunder for cross-city rivals) were decided upon by Cricket NSW. Other names considered for the two teams were Rocks and Edge. The Sydney Sixers were chosen to host the first game of the\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney Sixers\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1683586\",\n \"text\": \"free. Most train operating companies (TOCs) have altered their penalty fare policies and have removed many \\\"permit to travel\\\" machines. PERTIS machines at larger stations have also in recent years given way to more sophisticated self-service ticket machines. The system, known officially as PERTIS (Permit to Travel Issuing System ), was first introduced by Network SouthEast in November 1988 on the LTS route between London Fenchurch Street and Shoeburyness. The machines, which closely resemble those found in pay and display car parks, were manufactured by Almex Control Systems. Machines were given the designation AS-9 (wall-mounted) or AS-88 (mounted on a\",\n \"title\": \"Permit to travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9994771\",\n \"text\": \"college student audience and list exclusive airfare deals and travel products. Significant sites in this area include StudentUniverse and STA Travel. A social travel website is a type of travel website that will look at where the user is going and pair them with other places they want to go based on where other people have gone. Couchsurfing is a type of travel that allows travelers to stay at a local's home during trips. Finding hosts and visitors happens online, either through the CouchSurfing website or app. Hosts are not allowed to charge couchsurfers for lodging, providing travelers with a\",\n \"title\": \"Travel website\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8726103\",\n \"text\": \"Travel Go Go — The International Travel Game, later Travel Go, is a family board game, based on international travel, which was manufactured by Waddingtons Ltd from 1961 onwards. The objective of the game is to travel the world by air, sea, rail and road, collect a pre-determined number of souvenirs from each city visited, and to return to the starting point (London). The board is in two parts, and each player has a counter on each part. The outer edge is where the player moves when in a city, and is where money can be changed and tickets purchased.\",\n \"title\": \"Travel Go\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1370407\",\n \"text\": \"else, religious pilgrimages and mission trips, business travel, trade, commuting, and other reasons, such as to obtain health care or waging or fleeing war or for the enjoyment of traveling. Travellers may use human-powered transport such as walking or bicycling; or vehicles, such as public transport, automobiles, trains and airplanes. Motives for travel include: Travel dates back to antiquity where wealthy Greeks and Romans would travel for leisure to their summer homes and villas in cities such as Pompeii and Baiae. While early travel tended to be slower, more dangerous, and more dominated by trade and migration, cultural and technological\",\n \"title\": \"Travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"4413275\",\n \"text\": \"light, but the space around it would). This could in theory allow practical intergalactic travel. There is no known way to create the space-distorting wave this concept needs to work, but the metrics of the equations comply with relativity and the limit of light speed. Intergalactic travel Intergalactic travel is the term used for hypothetical manned or unmanned travel between galaxies. Due to the enormous distances between our own galaxy the Milky Way and even its closest neighbors<wbr>—<wbr>hundreds of thousands to millions of light-years<wbr>—<wbr>any such venture would be far more technologically demanding than even interstellar travel. Intergalactic distances are roughly\",\n \"title\": \"Intergalactic travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12531560\",\n \"text\": \"Whale watching in Sydney Whale watching is a popular pastime in Sydney in the winter and spring. There are a number of different migration and whale seasons. The humpback whale migration passing Sydney takes place between April and December each year. The season is split into two distinct sections depending on the direction of travel of the majority of whales at that time. The migrating population is named the Group 5 Southern Hemisphere humpback whale population or the Australian East coast humpbacks. As distinct from other humpback migration populations that travel along the West Australian and South African coasts. The\",\n \"title\": \"Whale watching in Sydney\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2979451\",\n \"text\": \"Travel agency A travel agency is a private retailer or public service that provides travel and tourism related services to the public on behalf of suppliers such as activities, airlines, car rentals, cruise lines, hotels, railways, travel insurance, and package tours. In addition to dealing with ordinary tourists, most travel agencies have a separate department devoted to making travel arrangements for business travelers; some travel agencies specialize in commercial and business travel only. There are also travel agencies that serve as general sales agents for foreign travel companies, allowing them to have offices in countries other than where their headquarters\",\n \"title\": \"Travel agency\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5388855\",\n \"text\": \"It's Better to Travel It's Better to Travel is the debut album by the British pop band Swing Out Sister, released in 1987 on Mercury Records. Upon its release, the album reached number one on the UK Albums Chart. This was Swing Out Sister's debut album and contained the hit single \\\"Breakout\\\", which reached number 4 on the UK pop chart in November 1986 and number 6 on the US pop chart in November 1987. Subsequent singles released from \\\"It's Better to Travel\\\" include \\\"Surrender\\\", \\\"Twilight World\\\" and \\\"Fooled by a Smile\\\". The original vinyl and cassette release comprised the\",\n \"title\": \"It's Better to Travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"15614958\",\n \"text\": \"The Vice Guide to Travel The Vice Guide to Travel is a travel show-style documentary show released in 2006 by Vice Media, as part of the VBS.tv online television division of Vice. The show follows Vice employees as they travel to dangerous, weird, and offbeat locations throughout the globe. In 2006 VICE released the DVD “The Vice Guide to Travel,” which was funded by MTV and inspired by the long-running series of \\\"Vice Guides\\\" in the magazine. VICE reporters and camera teams visited locations such as the slums of Rio, Congo, and Paraguay. Spike Jonze helped edit the pieces. Videos\",\n \"title\": \"The Vice Guide to Travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"5642648\",\n \"text\": \"Association of British Travel Agents ABTA is a UK travel trade association for tour operators and travel agents. Previously known as Association of British Travel Agents, its name was changed on 1 July 2007 to ABTA, The Travel Association to reflect its wider representation of the travel industry. On 1 July 2008 it merged with the Federation of Tour Operators (FTO). It was founded in 1950 by 22 leading travel companies. ABTA has been around for over 65 years and is the UK’s largest travel association, representing travel agents and tour operators that sell around £32 billion of holidays and\",\n \"title\": \"Association of British Travel Agents\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20601356\",\n \"text\": \"Sydney to Me \\\"Sydney to Me\\\" is a song performed by Australian duo Jess & Matt, released on 25 January 2017 to coincide with their performance at the Australia Day concert. The song was commissioned by Destination NSW as their new campaign tune. \\\"Sydney to Me\\\" is the lead and only single from the duo's extended play, \\\"Belmont Street\\\". Matt Price told the Daily Telegraph “We got this amazing opportunity, we were invited to collaborate on the song, its our home town so it is an honour to put our feeling about Sydney in to a song” with Jess Dunbar\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney to Me\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"1370411\",\n \"text\": \"and hotels were booked together. Airships and airplanes took over much of the role of long-distance surface travel in the 20th century, notably after the second World War where there was a surplus of both aircraft and pilots. Travel may be local, regional, national (domestic) or international. In some countries, non-local internal travel may require an internal passport, while international travel typically requires a passport and visa. A trip may also be part of a round-trip, which is a particular type of travel whereby a person moves from one location to another and returns. Authorities emphasize the importance of taking\",\n \"title\": \"Travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20601359\",\n \"text\": \"Asian guests from both domestic and international markets – as evident in the turnout last night. Their bilingual performance of Sydney To Me was definitely a highlight of the evening,” In a review of the EP, David from auspOp said “\\\"Sydney to Me\\\" is a nice ode to a city they love... It’s a great sentiment for a great city.” Andrew P Street from Sydney Morning Herald was critical of the song saying \\\"[it's] a song that sounds like it was looped on a laptop in someone's bedroom\\\" adding \\\"In short, \\\"Sydney to Me\\\" beautifully reflects up the soul of\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney to Me\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"20601360\",\n \"text\": \"the city right now: vapid, unengaging, and forged entirely by the forces of naked commerce. It's not a song anyone could love, but it's unambiguously the song that we deserve.\\\" Zanda Wilson described the video as a \\\"shockingly insular, cringeworthy, one-dimensional view of Sydney\\\" adding \\\"the overly synthetic, instrument-free song itself is hardly a redeeming factor\\\". Sydney to Me \\\"Sydney to Me\\\" is a song performed by Australian duo Jess & Matt, released on 25 January 2017 to coincide with their performance at the Australia Day concert. The song was commissioned by Destination NSW as their new campaign tune. \\\"Sydney\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney to Me\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19882187\",\n \"text\": \"station meant the show was unsuccessful and was cancelled within the same year it commenced. It was the last television series to be hosted by O'Keefe. Only two episodes are known to still exist. Where The Action Is (Australia) Where The Action Is was an Australian television show that aired from January to November 1966. It starred Johnny O'Keefe and was produced by the newly launched TEN Network. The concept revolved around O'Keefe traveling to locations around Sydney, and later in the show's run, around Australia. Each episode would feature guest stars that would sing many of their current hits.\",\n \"title\": \"Where The Action Is (Australia)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"19882186\",\n \"text\": \"Where The Action Is (Australia) Where The Action Is was an Australian television show that aired from January to November 1966. It starred Johnny O'Keefe and was produced by the newly launched TEN Network. The concept revolved around O'Keefe traveling to locations around Sydney, and later in the show's run, around Australia. Each episode would feature guest stars that would sing many of their current hits. The show marked O'Keefe's return to Australian television following the cancellation of his previous show \\\"Sing, Sing, Sing\\\" in 1965. A combination of O'Keefe's waning popularity, budget constraints, and technical limitations at the new\",\n \"title\": \"Where The Action Is (Australia)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7434959\",\n \"text\": \"of around , but grew in size until it was across. The waterspout proceeded to strike several other boats with weaker winds. The tornado should not be confused with the severe storm that wrought havoc on the race in 1998. Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race waterspout The south coast tornado was a tornadic waterspout spawned by a supercell thunderstorm off the south coast of New South Wales on 26 December 2001, during the Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race. The tornado passed very close to the yacht \\\"Nicorette II\\\", which was severely damaged but able to complete the race with a\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race waterspout\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"9756219\",\n \"text\": \"councils in the UK, Australia and New Zealand are actively involved in helping schools to develop and implement travel plans. In Canada, a national pilot project running from 2010 to 2012 is designed to bring stakeholders together to build school travel plans collaboratively. Typical actions in a school travel plan include promoting the health benefits of walking, providing more or better pedestrian crossings, tighter enforcement of parking and traffic rules around the school, providing cycle training, and setting up a walking school bus. School travel planning groups like Green Communities Canada also work on a policy level to encourage multi-tiered\",\n \"title\": \"Travel plan\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"10991592\",\n \"text\": \"about locally due to the use of cars and motorways, and internationally by aeroplanes. Some of the social threats of hypermobility include: The addictive properties of hypermobile travel have been noted by researchers. Widespread Internet use is seen as a contributory factor towards hypermobility due to the increased ease which it enables travel to be desired and organized. To the extent that the Internet perversely stimulates travel, it represents a lost opportunity to reduce overall emissions because online communication is a straightforward substitute for physical travel. The term hypermobility arose around 1980 concerning the flow of capital, and since the\",\n \"title\": \"Hypermobility (travel)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12685609\",\n \"text\": \"Sydney/Melbourne Express The Sydney/Melbourne Express was an overnight intercapital passenger train service that operated between the Australia's largest two cities, Sydney and Melbourne, between August 1986 and November 1993. Operated jointly by State Rail Authority and V/Line the name depended on the direction of travel, with the train nicknamed the 'Sex' or 'Mex'. The Sydney/Melbourne Express was formed to replace the \\\"Spirit of Progress\\\" and \\\"Southern Aurora\\\" to cut operating costs of the intercapital rail service with the first train operating on 2 August 1986. The last \\\"Melbourne Express\\\" ran on the night of 20 November 1993 ex Sydney, with\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney/Melbourne Express\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3932861\",\n \"text\": \"into voluntary administration following the 2001/2002 season and was then purchased by a new investment group, the franchise decided to move back to the Entertainment Centre in 2002, citing falling attendances and the high cost of playing their games at the NBA-size venue. It was also speculated at the time that the core of the Kings fan base came from the eastern and northern suburbs of Sydney and that fans were not enthused about having to travel to Homebush for games. The Kings moved back to the Entertainment Centre in 2002, where they remained until 2015, though they were forced\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney Kings\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"16989460\",\n \"text\": \"Around the Block (film) Around the Block is a 2013 Australian drama film directed and written by Sarah Spillane. The films stars Christina Ricci, Hunter Page-Lochard, Jack Thompson and Damian Walshe-Howling. The films revolves around an American drama teacher (Ricci) who develops a friendship with a sixteen-year-old Aboriginal Australian boy (Page-Lochard) during the 2004 Redfern riots. An American drama teacher named Dino Chalmers (Christina Ricci), who has a passion for Shakespeare, gets the opportunity to work at a school in Sydney, Australia, where she attempts to introduce theatre as an alternative to life on the tough streets of Redfern in\",\n \"title\": \"Around the Block (film)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2294602\",\n \"text\": \"to households to solicit their participation. Denmark's most recent National Travel was initiated in 2006 and has been going on continuously since then. The interviews are conducted using the internet and telephone interviews. Germany is conducting its National Travel Survey since 1994 on a yearly basis. Each household member fills in a travel diary in which he records each trip made during the course of one week. Despite this yearly survey there is another non regular scheduled survey which is conducted again in 2008. 25,000 households are expected to participate. The Netherlands National Travel Survey surveyed around 34,500 households in\",\n \"title\": \"Travel survey\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"3712276\",\n \"text\": \"Sydney, where they joined the escort of the first convoy delivering Australian and New Zealand soldiers to Egypt. The convoy sailed around the southern coast of Australia to Albany, then departed on 1 November for Colombo. On the morning of 9 November, the communications station at Direction Island, in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands group, was captured by the German light cruiser . Before capture, the station was able to transmit an SOS, which was received by the troop convoy, and \\\"Sydney\\\" was ordered to investigate. \\\"Emden\\\"s wireless operators had overheard the distress call and the orders to \\\"Sydney\\\", and prepared\",\n \"title\": \"HMAS Sydney (1912)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2478372\",\n \"text\": \"the best performing private school nationwide, and a top performer in the New South Wales Higher School Certificate where the median ATAR ('Australian Tertiary Admissions Ranking') of the school's students is around 96. Tuition is A$31,419 per year (for Forms I – VI, non-boarding). Sydney Grammar is located near the Sydney central business district. The campus is compact and consists of multi-storey buildings (of up to eight floors) in a concrete landscape setting. Sydney Grammar is situated on the eastern side of Sydney's Hyde Park, next to the Australian Museum, and extends from College Street to Yurong Street. The designs\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney Grammar School\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2427986\",\n \"text\": \"famed for her around-the-world sailing, has been nominated several times for World Yachtswoman of the Year and was Australian Yachtswoman of the Year for 2004–05. In 2005 she was part of the crew for the winning \\\"Wild Oats\\\". In 2011, Jessica Watson, known for her solo unassisted sail around the world at age 16, skippered the Sydney Hobart yacht race with a crew of six other young Australians and three Britons all aged 21 or under, making them the youngest ever to compete in the blue water classic. In total, over a thousand women have taken part in the race.\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"2780295\",\n \"text\": \"corrected by Prophet Five and the baby is saved. After being extracted by APO, Sydney is reunited with her mother and together with her and Jack they travel to Vancouver in order to obtain a mysterious object called \\\"The Horizon\\\" which Prophet Five believed Sydney possessed. During this mission, which is complicated by the discovery that Irina works for Prophet Five and a subsequent attack by Peyton, Sydney goes into labor and — with the aid of Irina and Jack — gives birth to a baby girl, named Isabelle. Irina subsequently disappears with The Horizon. After the birth of Isabelle,\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney Bristow\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17111614\",\n \"text\": \"Line and T8 Airport & South Line then travel through the City Circle - a ring line beneath the Sydney central business district. After completing the City Circle, these trains pass through Central for a second time and return to the suburbs. The T1 North Shore, Northern & Western Line and T4 Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra Line pass through the central business district and continue on to other areas of Sydney. The T5 Cumberland Line serves Western Sydney and provides access to the major centre of Parramatta from the south west of the city without requiring a change of trains\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney Trains\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7894681\",\n \"text\": \"Richard Hickox, and Sir Simon Rattle. The current musical director and chorusmaster is Brett Weymark. Sydney Philharmonia’s singing commitments have grown to the point where a typical year (2018) sees it perform 12 performances in its own concerts and 20 performances with the Sydney Symphony. Other commitments such as corporate events, commercial concerts and the like mean that the organisation mounts around 50 performances a year. Sydney Philharmonia has taken part in many civic and community events such as the 1988 bicentennial celebrations and the opening ceremony of the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano as part of an international video\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney Philharmonia Choirs\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12617385\",\n \"text\": \"system was developed by Whole Travel in conjunction with non-profit organizations such as Rainforest Alliance and academics at Stanford University. Each hotel receives a Level 1-5 ranking based on their sustainability practices in four key areas: Environmental Management. Economic Management. Customer Interaction. Social and Cultural Support. During the summer of 2008, Whole Travel Foundation was formed in order to actively improve sustainability in travel and tourism worldwide. Instead of being constrained by Whole Travel's growth, the foundation was set up as a 501(c)(3) organization and actively seeks funds in order to complete sustainability projects around the world. Whole Travel Whole\",\n \"title\": \"Whole Travel\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12392668\",\n \"text\": \"Victoria Road (Sydney) Victoria Road is a major road in Sydney, Australia. Victoria Road connects Parramatta with the western end of Anzac Bridge. It passes through the Sydney suburbs of Rydalmere, Ermington, West Ryde, Ryde, Gladesville, Drummoyne and Rozelle, and is currently one of the longest roads in Sydney. The road passes over two major bridges: the Iron Cove Bridge over Iron Cove, and the Gladesville Bridge over the Parramatta River. The road has been notoriously dubbed as one of the most congested road in Sydney with an average travel speed of 24 km/h during the morning peak period and\",\n \"title\": \"Victoria Road (Sydney)\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"17987918\",\n \"text\": \"at 2.4 billion (as at 2012) and to generate 4,000 jobs. The government plans the initial phase would be complete and operational by 2025. Sydney Airport Corporation, the operator of Sydney Airport, was given the right of first refusal to build and operate any second airport in an agreement reached with the Government when Sydney Airport was sold in 2002. Sydney Airport declined the offer to build and operate the airport on 2 May 2017. It is believed the initial phase, with only one runway, would be favourable for budget airlines and airlines offering point to point travel. The airport\",\n \"title\": \"Western Sydney Airport\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"18440368\",\n \"text\": \"until March 2010. On April 2010, Sydney Fast Ferries commenced a five-year franchise to operate the service. However, Manly Fast Ferries continued to operate services between Circular Quay Wharf 6 and Manly East Pier via Fort Denison, Taronga Zoo and Watsons Bay. In July 2014, expressions of interest were sought for the next franchise with Bass & Flinders Cruises, SeaLink Travel Group, Sydney Fast Ferries and Transit Systems responding. In December 2014, the franchise was awarded to Bass & Flinders Cruises, with Sydney Fast Ferries ceasing operations on 31 March 2015. Sydney Fast Ferries lodged a complaint in March 2015\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney Fast Ferries\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8434797\",\n \"text\": \"an episode. Sydney Weekender Sydney Weekender is an Australian travel show featuring destinations throughout the state of New South Wales. The program debuted in 1994. It is hosted by Mike Whitney and airs on the Seven Network in New South Wales and nationally on 7Two. The program visits various locations in the state highlighting activities, attractions, and dining options. \\\"Sydney Weekender\\\" reached a milestone of 750 episodes on 18 August 2012. The series has spawned spin-offs including \\\"Melbourne Weekender\\\". Many of the locations featured in the program have a commercial arrangement whereby they have bought advertisements or paid to be\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney Weekender\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8434796\",\n \"text\": \"Sydney Weekender Sydney Weekender is an Australian travel show featuring destinations throughout the state of New South Wales. The program debuted in 1994. It is hosted by Mike Whitney and airs on the Seven Network in New South Wales and nationally on 7Two. The program visits various locations in the state highlighting activities, attractions, and dining options. \\\"Sydney Weekender\\\" reached a milestone of 750 episodes on 18 August 2012. The series has spawned spin-offs including \\\"Melbourne Weekender\\\". Many of the locations featured in the program have a commercial arrangement whereby they have bought advertisements or paid to be featured in\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney Weekender\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"12685613\",\n \"text\": \"the timetable, allowing the V/Line coaches to be shifted to broad gauge and used to boost the Victorian country rail network services. Sydney/Melbourne Express The Sydney/Melbourne Express was an overnight intercapital passenger train service that operated between the Australia's largest two cities, Sydney and Melbourne, between August 1986 and November 1993. Operated jointly by State Rail Authority and V/Line the name depended on the direction of travel, with the train nicknamed the 'Sex' or 'Mex'. The Sydney/Melbourne Express was formed to replace the \\\"Spirit of Progress\\\" and \\\"Southern Aurora\\\" to cut operating costs of the intercapital rail service with the\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney/Melbourne Express\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"13015376\",\n \"text\": \"their dislike for Fidel Castro. Bob Whitley, president of the United States Tour Operators Association, has supported the measures, remarking \\\"if Americans don't like the policies of the government of a country, they can choose not to go. But a lot of people want to see Cuba because they've been denied the right.\\\" For those who support the embargo and are opposed to the liberalization of travel, democracy and human rights in Cuba are the issue. Significant opposition to the liberalization of U.S. travel restrictions exists both within the island of Cuba and the Cuban-American exile community. Arguing against the\",\n \"title\": \"Freedom to Travel to Cuba Act\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7888124\",\n \"text\": \"Public transport in Sydney Public transport in Sydney is provided by an extensive network of operating modes including suburban rail, light rail, buses and ferries. The network will also include a mode of rapid transit, with the new Sydney Metro opening in early 2019. According to the 2006 census, in terms of travel to work or study Sydney has the highest rate of public transport usage among the Australian capital cities of 26.3% with more than 80% of weekday trips to/from Central Sydney being made by public transport. According to the New South Wales State Plan, the state has Australia's\",\n \"title\": \"Public transport in Sydney\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"8988013\",\n \"text\": \"Sydney Bypass Sydney Bypass refers to a number of roads, existing and proposed, that motorists can use to avoid the congested approaches to the city's central business district (CBD). The main bypasses are: Some disjointed sections of such planned roads were built but during the 1970s, the focus changed and many sections of these proposed roads were never built. Such disjointed segments of freeway can be seen in such places as Hunters Hill near Gladesville Bridge, where segments of the North West Freeway were constructed. Around this time, freeway planning shifted to building freeways as bypasses. For decades, it has\",\n \"title\": \"Sydney Bypass\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"7888129\",\n \"text\": \"commuter rail service consists of a complex system of integrated railway lines, of which most run through the city underground. All city trains consist of eight double deck carriages with two crew members on board–driver and guard. Fares are calculated on the basis of distance travelled. Trains run from 4am until around 1am seven days a week with Nightride bus services covering the network throughout the night when trains are not operating. Sydney Metro is a new rapid transit line that will run from Sydney's north-western suburbs, pass through the city and then travel south-west to Bankstown. NSW TrainLink interurban\",\n \"title\": \"Public transport in Sydney\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14153244\",\n \"text\": \"real glimpse of Sydney's Chinese comes from the 1891 Royal Commission, which took evidence from around 60 people, Chinese and non-Chinese, men and women, from labourers to the community's elite. Mei Quong Tart, perhaps the best known Chinese in Sydney at the time, was a commissioner, and his presence may have kept his fellow commissioners from straying into hyperbole. Their comments on opium smoking carefully noted the limits to this practice, and they found that Chinese gambling houses were dependent on European patronage for survival, and that overall, Chinese gambling accounted for only a tiny fraction of the gambling habits\",\n \"title\": \"Chinese immigration to Sydney\"\n },\n {\n \"psg_id\": \"14153230\",\n \"text\": \"in Australia were afraid of the sexual and racial threats they thought came from Pacific islander and Asian men and it was written that the Chinaman \\\"marries, or cohabits with the mean white woman, jostles and competes with the white man, and when it comes to labouring in the tropics, supplants him.\\\" in the Sydney Morning Herald, with interracial sex and prostitution booming in Northern Australia because of the racial sexual imbalance due to the fact that Australia hardly ever permitted the immigration of non-white women. Around Melbourne's Little Bourke Street precinct and Sydney's Lower George Street grew majority Chinese\",\n \"title\": \"Chinese immigration to Sydney\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["the rocks","rose seidler house","bondi beach","sydney opera house","luna park sydney","wild life sydney","darling harbour","sydney harbour bridge","st mary's cathedral, sydney","powerhouse museum"],"string":"[\n \"the rocks\",\n \"rose seidler house\",\n \"bondi beach\",\n \"sydney opera house\",\n \"luna park sydney\",\n \"wild life sydney\",\n \"darling harbour\",\n \"sydney harbour bridge\",\n \"st mary's cathedral, sydney\",\n \"powerhouse museum\"\n]","isConversational":false}}}],"truncated":false,"partial":false},"paginationData":{"pageIndex":5,"numItemsPerPage":100,"numTotalItems":2457,"offset":500,"length":100}},"jwt":"eyJhbGciOiJFZERTQSIsImtpZCI6Im1sR1pFYktIVHRVSGRhX1RRdEczQ0N1S3k5ME9Qd25DNHY5elRjM3FVYzgifQ.eyJyZWFkIjp0cnVlLCJwZXJtaXNzaW9ucyI6eyJyZXBvLmNvbnRlbnQucmVhZCI6dHJ1ZX0sImlhdCI6MTc4MzkzMjAzMSwianRpIjoiZmZjMDM4NjUtYzgzMi00ZjkxLTlmYWQtNjg1YmI3MjNlZDNjIiwic3ViIjoiL2RhdGFzZXRzL3ZzZWFyY2gvd2VicSIsImV4cCI6MTc4MzkzNTYzMSwiaXNzIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9odWdnaW5nZmFjZS5jbyJ9.m5tltyqUiv87rSXHggKwk85rTINS3CW7NC416tR_a8Cu8n6J55xhpq_53llsPNIBemoniu-2Gn6h0mSApux0Bg","displayUrls":true,"splitSizeSummaries":[{"config":"default","split":"train","numRows":2457,"numBytesParquet":78323682},{"config":"default","split":"validation","numRows":278,"numBytesParquet":8786475},{"config":"default","split":"test","numRows":2032,"numBytesParquet":124921}]},"discussionsStats":{"closed":0,"open":0,"total":0},"fullWidth":true,"hasGatedAccess":true,"hasFullAccess":true,"isEmbedded":false,"savedQueries":{"community":[],"user":[]}}">
question stringlengths 16 81 | positive_ctxs list | negative_ctxs list | hard_negative_ctxs list | answers list |
|---|---|---|---|---|
what has mario lopez been in? | [
{
"psg_id": "3009213",
"text": "before hitting the TV screen. Lopez began acting at age 9-10 in 1984, when he appeared as younger brother Tomás in the short-lived ABC comedy series \"a.k.a. Pablo\". That same year, he was cast as a drummer and dancer on \"Kids Incorporated\" from three seasons. In March 198... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "3009211",
"text": "X Factor\" with Khloé Kardashian, and was the sole host for the third and final season. Mario Lopez was born on October 10, 1973, in San Diego, California, to Elvia, a telephone company clerk, and Mario Sr., who worked for the municipality of National City. He has a younger s... | [
"holiday in handcuffs",
"aloha, scooby-doo!",
"saved by the bell: hawaiian style",
"king rikki",
"husband for hire",
"colors",
"the dog who saved christmas",
"big brother trouble",
"a crack in the floor",
"fever lake"
] |
where do logan browning live? | [
{
"psg_id": "10601454",
"text": "Logan Browning Logan Laurice Browning (born June 9, 1989) is an American actress. She is best known for starring as Samantha White in the 2017 Netflix satirical-drama series \"Dear White People\". She is also known for playing Sasha in the 2007 film \"Bratz: The Movie\", Bri... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "10601457",
"text": "the YouTube comedic series \"Shit Southern Women Say\". In July 2016, it was announced that Browning would star in the role of Samantha White in the Netflix satirical-drama series \"Dear White People\". Logan Browning Logan Laurice Browning (born June 9, 1989) is an American... | [
"atlanta"
] |
where is lake waynoka ohio? | [
{
"psg_id": "9604845",
"text": "Lake Waynoka, Ohio Lake Waynoka is a census-designated place (CDP) and gated community in Brown County, Ohio, United States, located around a similarly named reservoir between Sardinia and Russellville. The population was 1,173 at the 2010 census. In 1970, American Realty Ser... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "1194791",
"text": "$20,708, and the median income for a family was $28,833. Males had a median income of $24,063 versus $16,731 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,493. About 13.5% of families and 16.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.8% of those ... | [
"united states of america",
"brown county"
] |
who will sponsor kevin harvick in 2011? | [
{
"psg_id": "4321723",
"text": "the Sprint Cup champion for 2010. Harvick also won his first career Pole in the Camping World Truck Series at Gateway International Raceway in his own No. 2 Chevrolet Silverado. This added Harvick to the short list of NASCAR drivers who have won a pole award and a race in eac... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "4321732",
"text": "Harvick and Childress said the parting was mutual and that it was time for Harvick to move on. Stewart-Haas Racing did not confirm what sponsor or number Harvick would be given. During the official reports it was reported, but not officially told, that Budweiser was intereste... | [
"royal dutch shell",
"pennzoil-quaker state"
] |
where adidas originate? | [
{
"psg_id": "1805857",
"text": "criminal\" for destroying \"precious habitat\" in Indonesia's rainforest. In 2011, when Adidas cancelled its contract with Asia Pulp & Paper, Greenpeace Executive Director Phil Radford commended Adidas for efforts made towards forest protection, for \"taking rainforest conser... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "1805854",
"text": "labour rights records. By subcontracting work to different suppliers, it is more difficult for Adidas to ensure company labour standards are enforced. Workplace standards that Adidas' policy upholds include the freedom for workers to take part in collective bargaining and a n... | [
"germany"
] |
who played emperor palpatine? | [
{
"psg_id": "12213713",
"text": "Palpatine Sheev Palpatine (also known by his Sith identity Darth Sidious and publicly as Senator Palpatine, then Supreme Chancellor Palpatine, and later Emperor Palpatine) is a fictional character and is the primary antagonist of \"Episodes I-VI\" in the \"Star Wars\" franch... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "12213741",
"text": "channels it into one of many clones created by Palpatine before his death. Palpatine attempts to resume control of the galaxy, but Luke Skywalker, now a senior Jedi Knight, sabotages his plans. Luke destroys most of Palpatine's cloning tanks, but is only able to defeat the E... | [
"ron prather",
"ian abercrombie",
"ian mcdiarmid"
] |
where are the pyramids of giza located? | [
{
"psg_id": "1287237",
"text": "BC. Three of these tombs, in the form of giant pyramids, are what is now the famed Three Pyramids of Giza. As ancient Egypt passed under several conquests under the Persians, Greeks, Romans and Byzantines, so did the area in what is now Giza. A Byzantine village named Teresa,... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "3512321",
"text": "monumental structures constructed of dressed masonry. The most famous Egyptian pyramids are those found at Giza, on the outskirts of Cairo. Several of the Giza pyramids are counted among the largest structures ever built. The Pyramid of Khufu at Giza is the largest Egyptian p... | [
"egypt"
] |
who were demeter's brothers and sisters? | [
{
"psg_id": "101591",
"text": "the afterlife. These two gifts were intimately connected in Demeter's myths and mystery cults. In Hesiod, prayers to Zeus-Chthonios (chthonic Zeus) and Demeter help the crops grow full and strong. Demeter's emblem is the poppy, a bright red flower that grows among the barley. ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "16430732",
"text": "Columbia and Los Angeles. Sisters & Brothers Sisters & Brothers is a 2011 Canadian drama film written and directed by Carl Bessai. The film explores the relationships of four sets of siblings who have not (in one case, never) had contact for some time. It is the final film i... | [
"zeus"
] |
what instrument was louis armstrong famous for? | [
{
"psg_id": "243006",
"text": "the United States National Recording Registry, a registry of recordings selected yearly by the National Recording Preservation Board for preservation in the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress. The US Open tennis tournament's former main stadium was named Lo... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "242992",
"text": "Louie Bellson (on the second). Norman Granz then had the vision for Ella and Louis to record \"Porgy and Bess\". His recordings for Columbia Records, \"Louis Armstrong Plays W.C. Handy\" (1954) and \"Satch Plays Fats\" (all Fats Waller tunes) (1955) were both being considered ... | [
"trumpet"
] |
what date did the san francisco giants win the world series? | [
{
"psg_id": "386324",
"text": "expect San Francisco even to make the playoffs. The Giants won the National League Western Division for the first time since 2003, after trailing the San Diego Padres for most of the season. In the 2010 National League Division Series, the Giants defeated the Atlanta Braves th... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "11025668",
"text": "Erstad in right-center field to end the Series. The Angels won Game 7, 4-1, to claim their franchise's first and so far only World Series Championship. John Lackey became the first rookie pitcher to win a World Series game 7 since 1909. All-Star Game 2002 San Francisco Giant... | [
"2010 world series",
"2012 world series"
] |
what province is canada's capital located in? | [
{
"psg_id": "329468",
"text": "Canada after being united into the Province of Canada. It became the province of Ontario after Confederation. The location of the capital city of the Province of Canada changed six times in its 26-year history. The first capital was in Kingston (1841–1844). The capital moved t... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "329467",
"text": "British colony of Upper Canada, while the southern portion of modern-day Quebec belonged to Lower Canada (along with Labrador until 1809, when Labrador was transferred to the colony of Newfoundland), which was also a British colony. Upper Canada was primarily English-speaking,... | [
"ontario"
] |
on which continent is the usa located? | [
{
"psg_id": "3674012",
"text": "Siberia (continent) Siberia, also known as Angaraland (or simply Angara) and Angarida, is an ancient craton located in the heart of Siberia. Today forming the Central Siberian Plateau, it formed an independent continent before the Permian period. Angaraland was named in the 1... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "11350782",
"text": "moisture and heat high up into the atmosphere which in turn feeds the upper level winds which circle the globe. Maritime Continent Maritime Continent is the name given primarily by meteorologists and oceanographers to the region of Southeast Asia which comprises, amongst oth... | [
"north america"
] |
where is singapore on a world map? | [
{
"psg_id": "9285051",
"text": "The official plans for the park were unveiled to the public when Universal Studios Singapore released a park map to the public on 20 October 2009. Universal Studios Singapore has since attracted more than 2 million visitors in the 9 months from its opening. The park has been ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "6822519",
"text": "central themes throughout the book. Alice is unable to forgive herself after Lizzy’s drowning even while Theresa finds it in her heart and faith to forgive Alice. Kirkus Reviews calls \"A Map of the World\" a 'strong, compelling story', one that 'maps the best and worst of th... | [
"eurasia",
"southeast asia",
"asia"
] |
what to see in london in june 2012? | [
{
"psg_id": "3138512",
"text": "Art Gallery to meet the new Quartermaster. After returning from Shanghai also, Bond spends time in London before going to Scotland. He chases Silva in London Tube and other areas in London. Also at the end of Movie, Bond sees London from his office terrace. The 1967 version o... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "17199010",
"text": "What You Don't See What You Don't See is the second studio album by American pop punk band The Story So Far. The Story So Far signed to Pure Noise in March 2010. The band released their debut album in June 2011. The band supported We Are the Union and I Call Fives in July. T... | [
"regent's park",
"tower of london",
"buckingham palace",
"palace of westminster",
"london eye",
"tower bridge",
"hyde park",
"westminster abbey",
"st paul's cathedral",
"trafalgar square"
] |
what is the main language of israel? | [
{
"psg_id": "18625590",
"text": "Katz, the transport minister, announced that signs on all major roads in Israel, East Jerusalem and possibly parts of the West Bank would be amended, replacing English and Arabic place names with straight transliterations of the Hebrew name. Currently most road signs are in ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "16893214",
"text": "in Russian are also available throughout Israel. Russian language in Israel The Russian language in Israel is spoken natively by a large proportion of the population, reaching about 20 percent of the total population by 1989, mostly by immigrants who came from the former Sov... | [
"hebrew language",
"arabic language"
] |
what college did kerry collins? | [
{
"psg_id": "3964761",
"text": "New York Giants to an appearance in Super Bowl XXXV, where they lost to the Baltimore Ravens by a score of 34–7. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 2018. Collins was born in Lebanon, Pennsylvania. He attended Lebanon High School, until 1987, when he tra... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "3964780",
"text": "other that way, and I was trying to be funny and thought I could do it, too. I was so upset by it. It was bad judgment. I could have been labeled a racist for the rest of my career. I had to live with the way I used that word with a teammate. Extremely poor judgment. I was na... | [
"pennsylvania state university"
] |
what did bob ross die of? | [
{
"psg_id": "19502788",
"text": "is protective of his intellectual property and his privacy to this day. Ross was diagnosed with lymphoma in the spring of 1994, which eventually forced him to retire; the final episode of \"The Joy of Painting\" aired on May 17, 1994. He died at the age of 52 on July 4, 1995... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "19502790",
"text": "of the letter \"g\" with a landscape in the background. In 2015, Bob Ross was included in a commercial for HGTV Sherwin-Williams paint along with Leonardo da Vinci, Andy Warhol, Michelangelo and Vincent van Gogh. As part of the launch of Twitch Creative, Twitch.tv hosted a n... | [
"lymphoma"
] |
who was king hussein? | [
{
"psg_id": "3369523",
"text": "Hussein Kamel al-Majid. Despite this promise, before the end of the month, both Kamels were shot and killed by other clan members who declared them traitors. In 1997, her brother Uday Hussein put Rana and her sister Raghad under house arrest for being involved in a plot to as... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "12956132",
"text": "King Hussein Cancer Center The King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC) (Arabic مركز الحسين للسرطان), is a medical center in Amman, Jordan. It treats both adult and pediatric patients. KHCC treats over 3500 new cancer patients every year from Jordan and the region. The Center was i... | [
"president of iraq"
] |
where did martin luther live in? | [
{
"psg_id": "8990458",
"text": "by Christian traditions coming out directly from the Protestant Reformation, i.e. Lutheranism, the Reformed tradition, and Anglicanism. Branches of Protestantism that emerged afterwards vary in their remembrance and veneration of Luther, ranging from a complete lack of a sing... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "18161797",
"text": "Martin Luther High School, Okombahe Martin Luther High School (MLH) is a boarding school in the village of Okombahe in the Erongo Region of central Namibia, named after German church reformer Martin Luther. The school 250 pupils in grades 8 to 12, and twelve teachers. There ... | [
"saxony-anhalt"
] |
where is made kia car? | [
{
"psg_id": "16171640",
"text": "Kia Ray The Kia Ray is a city car manufactured by Kia Motors exclusively for the Korean domestic market. The initial roll out was a limited production of 2,500 units destined for the South Korean government fleets, scheduled to be deployed in 2012. The Ray EV is a predecesso... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "12164376",
"text": "proven to be notably competitive in the series as well as the SCCA World Challenge touring car class alongside the factory-sponsored Kia Rio in the Touring Car B-Spec class. Kia Forte The Kia Forte, known as the K3 in South Korea, the Shuma in China and the Forte K3 and Cera... | [
"seoul"
] |
what are all the songs nicki minaj is in? | [
{
"psg_id": "20973780",
"text": "Blazin' (Nicki Minaj song) \"Blazin'\" is a song by American hip hop artist Nicki Minaj that features Kanye West, from her debut studio album \"Pink Friday\" (2010). The hook was freestyled by Minaj in the studio. Earlier in the year of \"Pink Friday\"'s release, Minaj had a... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "13299442",
"text": "\"Nicki 2 lipstick and lip gloss\". She also introduced the \"Nicki Minaj Collection\" clothing line for Kmart, composed of clothing, accessories and housewares. In February 2013, Bluewater Comics announced that Minaj would star in the \"Fame\" biographical-comic series, deb... | [
"roman reloaded",
"monster",
"what's wrong with them (feat. nicki minaj)",
"dark fantasy",
"ym salute",
"fire burns",
"letting go (dutty love)",
"woohoo (feat. nicki minaj)",
"raining men",
"champion"
] |
what groups was hitler involved in? | [
{
"psg_id": "3845296",
"text": "business sought to attract attention by using the Hitler theme, and was decorated with Nazi imagery. Actor Murli Sharma attended the opening party; when asked what he thought about the name, he said \"I am not really agitated as I have not read much about the man. However, fr... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "3845291",
"text": "Face of Hitler into a Moonlit Landscape\" (1958). One of his late works was \"Hitler Masturbating\" (1973), depicting just that, with Hitler seen from behind in an armchair in the center of a snow-filled desolate landscape. Hitler is depicted in a balloon overlooking marching... | [
"german workers' party",
"nazi party"
] |
what kind of language do they speak in greece? | [
{
"psg_id": "4440278",
"text": "own custom (minhag), they also had their own \"siddurim\" printed for the congregations in Greece. The large variety of Jewish customs in Greece was unique. Romaniote Jews have lived in the territory of today's Greece for more than 2000 years. Their historic language was Yeva... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "19429189",
"text": "What Kind of a Girl (Do You Think I Am) \"What Kind of a Girl (Do You Think I Am)\" is a song written by Loretta Lynn and Teddy Wilburn that was also recorded by Loretta Lynn. It was released as a single in August 1967 via Decca Records. \"What Kind of a Girl (Do You Think I... | [
"albanian language",
"greek language"
] |
what kind of money does the philippines use? | [
{
"psg_id": "20067241",
"text": "History of Philippine money The history of Philippine money used as a medium of exchange and to make payment before the adoption of Philippine Peso coins and banknotes currently in use, included designs and forms which have been found over various period of time. For Filipin... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "13810767",
"text": "reviews\"; however, this was down significantly from the previous episode's 89 and Bonnie Covel of About.com noted that \" 'What Kate Does' brought us a bit of negativity. In general, fans just didn't like the episode\". \"What Kate Does\" was largely considered to be a step... | [
"philippine peso"
] |
what did george eastman make? | [
{
"psg_id": "704162",
"text": "\"George Eastman: Some Scenes Form His Life\". The film, aired on television for a time into the 1960s, ends with his development of all-color negative film. A 1981 short film about Eastman was made titled \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Man\". George Eastman George Eastman (July... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "704161",
"text": "during his childhood and is displayed at the Genesee Country Village and Museum. An often-repeated urban legend recounts that photographer and musician Linda McCartney (née Eastman, first wife of Beatle Sir Paul McCartney) was related to the George Eastman family, but this is ... | [
"roll film"
] |
what movies has billy burke been in? | [
{
"psg_id": "8361633",
"text": "\"Twilight\", based on the best-selling novel by Stephenie Meyer, playing the role of Charlie Swan. He also portrayed Bobby's brother, Jack, on the show \"My Boys\". Burke reprised his role as Charlie Swan in the \"Twilight\" sequels, \"New Moon\", \"Eclipse\" and \" and \". ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "9234649",
"text": "Billy Burke (evangelist) Billy Burke (born May 24, 1953) is an American Pentecostal healing evangelist and the president of his itinerant healing ministry, Billy Burke World Outreach, headquartered in Tampa, FL. Burke is also the senior pastor of the Miracle Center World Outr... | [
"new moon",
"feast of love",
"without limits",
"dill scallion",
"fracture",
"komodo",
"ladder 49",
"don't look down",
"untraceable",
"mafia!"
] |
who was rudolf virchow? | [
{
"psg_id": "18024086",
"text": "Rudolf Virchow Center The Rudolf Virchow Center (\"RVZ\") is the DFG Research Center for Experimental Biomedicine of the University of Würzburg. It was started in 2001 as one of three German \"Centers of Excellence\" funded by the German Research Foundation, DFG. Its foundin... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "10218735",
"text": "from the thesis) that has been revised to stand on its own will be considered for this award. Only papers, not interactive media, will be considered at this time. Critical Medical Anthropology of Health Interest Group Rudolf Virchow Award The Rudolf Virchow Awards are annual... | [
"physician",
"scientist",
"politician",
"pathologist"
] |
who were ulysses s grant and robert e lee? | [
{
"psg_id": "17945204",
"text": "Grant Military accounts Grant's world tour Bibliography of Ulysses S. Grant Ulysses S. Grant (born Hiram Ulysses Grant; April 27, 1822 – July 23, 1885) was the 18th president of the United States (1869–1877) following his success as military commander in the American Civil W... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "17547257",
"text": "Ulysses S. Grant as commanding general, 1865–1869 After the Civil War, Ulysses S. Grant spent four years as head of the United States Army in peacetime. With his defeat of Robert E. Lee and the Confederacy, Grant was the most popular man in the country. As the Civil War ende... | [
"general-in-chief",
"commander"
] |
what is the last movie brittany murphy made? | [
{
"psg_id": "1437684",
"text": "In the 2000s Murphy appeared in \"Don't Say a Word\" (2001) alongside Michael Douglas, and alongside Eminem in \"8 Mile\" (2002), for which she gained critical recognition. Her later roles included \"Riding in Cars with Boys\" (2001), \"Spun\" (2002), \"Uptown Girls\" (2003),... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "1437703",
"text": "number of months, which may indicate that it has ceased operations. Brittany Murphy Brittany Murphy-Monjack (born Brittany Anne Bertolotti; November 10, 1977 – December 20, 2009), was an American actress and singer. A native of Atlanta, Murphy moved to Los Angeles as a teenag... | [
"8 mile"
] |
with which countries does south africa trade? | [
{
"psg_id": "15217186",
"text": "trade statistics, banking regulation and other areas. His visit was followed by an official goodwill visit to South Africa by China's top legislator Wu Bangguo (吴邦国) in May 2011 as part of his Africa-Asia tour which included Namibia and Angola. In late September 2011 South A... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "18650013",
"text": "government, South African trade and industry minister Rob Davies declined to implement the ITAC recommendations. He acknowledged the stiff competition that South African producers faced from Brazil, but said that there was need for a more “comprehensive strategy” that dealt ... | [
"tanzania",
"angola"
] |
what office does hillary clinton hold? | [
{
"psg_id": "7749811",
"text": "Hillary Clinton Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (born October 26, 1947) is an American politician, diplomat, lawyer, writer, and public speaker. She served as the First Lady of the United States from 1993 to 2001, U.S. Senator from New York from 2001 to 2009, 67th United States ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "7749871",
"text": "does. Even after all these years, he is still the most interesting, energizing and fully alive person I have ever met.\" Issues that surrounded the Lewinsky scandal left Bill Clinton with substantial legal bills. In 2014, Hillary would state that she and Bill had left the Whi... | [
"united states secretary of state"
] |
what are the major religions in uk? | [
{
"psg_id": "11076472",
"text": "Today the Abrahamic religions are one of the major divisions in comparative religion (along with Indian, Iranian, and East Asian religions). The major Abrahamic religions in chronological order of founding are Judaism in the 7th century BCE, Christianity in the 1st century C... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "14702119",
"text": "most editors tended to consider \"All Religions are One\" as later than \"There is No Natural Religion\". For example, in his 1905 book \"The poetical works of William Blake; a new and verbatim text from the manuscript engraved and letterpress originals\", John Sampson place... | [
"judaism",
"catholicism",
"presbyterianism",
"sikhism",
"methodism",
"church of england",
"hinduism",
"islam"
] |
where did jennifer hudson go to school? | [
{
"psg_id": "2788877",
"text": "a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Since 2017, Hudson has contributed as a coach on the UK and the US version of \"The Voice\", becoming the first female coach to win the former. Hudson was born on September 12, 1981 in Chicago, Illinois. She is the third and youngest chil... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "15321839",
"text": "\"Where You At\" premiered on BET's \"106 & Park\" and Vevo.com on February 24, 2011 and was directed by Anthony Mandler. The single first appeared on the US \"Billboard\" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart at number 53 and peaked at number 10. It also debuted at number 96 on the \... | [
"dunbar vocational high school",
"langston university"
] |
what type of guitar does john mayer play? | [
{
"psg_id": "1684317",
"text": "amps. Only 25 (all signed by Mayer himself) were made available to the public along with a 500-run John Mayer signature Fender Stratocaster in Cypress-Mica, including the limited Cypress-Mica model was the INCSvsJM gig bag on which Mayer collaborated with Incase designs. In 2... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "1684315",
"text": "early 2015 on three dates, February 4–6, after the retirement of Craig Ferguson. Mayer makes a cameo as a truck driver in the 2014 comedy horror film \"Zombeavers\". In the 2015 film \"Get Hard\", he played a version of himself who is disgusted with the \"monetization of the ... | [
"fender stratocaster"
] |
what continent is the usa located in? | [
{
"psg_id": "3674012",
"text": "Siberia (continent) Siberia, also known as Angaraland (or simply Angara) and Angarida, is an ancient craton located in the heart of Siberia. Today forming the Central Siberian Plateau, it formed an independent continent before the Permian period. Angaraland was named in the 1... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "12715771",
"text": "The World Is What It Is The World Is What It Is: The Authorized Biography of V. S. Naipaul is a biography of the Nobel Prize-winning author V. S. Naipaul by Patrick French. It was published in 2008 (by Picador in the UK and Knopf in the USA). The title is a quotation from Na... | [
"north america"
] |
which country is to the north of the united states of america? | [
{
"psg_id": "3810561",
"text": "became the California Trail, and by the mid-1840s significant numbers of Americans were arriving in California. In addition, the long-standing dispute between the United States and Great Britain over the Oregon Country was resolved in 1846, with the signing of the Oregon Trea... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "4084036",
"text": "in 1987. Album - \"Billboard\" (North America) Singles - \"Billboard\" (North America) II (The Presidents of the United States of America album) II is the second studio album by The Presidents of the United States of America. It was released via Columbia Records on November 5... | [
"canada"
] |
what 3 states border the pacific ocean? | [
{
"psg_id": "3627873",
"text": "Pacific states The Pacific States form one of the nine geographic divisions within the United States that are officially recognized by that country's census bureau. There are five states in this division – Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, Washington – and, as its name sugg... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "312062",
"text": "Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south and is bounded by Asia and Australia in the west and the Ameri... | [
"california"
] |
what did mozart do to become famous? | [
{
"psg_id": "13124820",
"text": "that the meal had started, nine dances for full orchestra had been completed in full score.\" Nissen elsewhere relates a similar tale of Mozart composing four fully orchestrated contredanses in less than half an hour; a similar pace. Perhaps unsurprisingly, Mozart seems to h... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "17338140",
"text": "What Did I Do to You? \"What Did I Do to You?\" is a song recorded by British singer Lisa Stansfield for her 1989 album, \"Affection\". It was written by Stansfield, Ian Devaney and Andy Morris, and produced by Devaney and Morris. The song received positive reviews from musi... | [
"composer"
] |
where was avril lavigne born? | [
{
"psg_id": "1436382",
"text": "made her screen acting debut in \"Fast Food Nation\" (2006). In 2008, Lavigne introduced her clothing line, Abbey Dawn, and in 2009, she released her first perfume, Black Star, which was followed by Forbidden Rose in 2010, and Wild Rose in 2011. Lavigne has been married twice... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "17457134",
"text": "the only female western artist on the Top 10 list. Credits adapted from the liner notes of \"Avril Lavigne\". Avril Lavigne (album) Avril Lavigne is the eponymous fifth studio album by Canadian singer Avril Lavigne. It was released on November 1, 2013 through Epic Records in... | [
"belleville"
] |
what are the 3 official languages of spain? | [
{
"psg_id": "657268",
"text": "all territories, but the \"other Spanish languages\" can also be official in their respective communities, in accordance with their Statutes of Autonomy. Article 3 of the constitution ends up declaring that the \"richness of the distinct linguistic modalities of Spain represen... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "6721797",
"text": "these languages proper to Spain, either dialect, cants or pidgins: Languages of Spain The languages of Spain (), or Spanish languages (), are the languages spoken or once spoken in Spain. Romance languages are the most widely spoken in Spain; of which Spanish, or Castilian, i... | [
"spanish language"
] |
what type of government does australia currently have? | [
{
"psg_id": "4177600",
"text": "the Manager of Opposition Business in the House, appointed by the Leader of the Opposition in the Commonwealth parliament, currently Bill Shorten. The Australian Constitution dates from 1901, when the Dominions of the British Empire were not sovereign states, and does not use... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "13810778",
"text": "week.\" VanDerWerff of the \"LA Times\", Ryan of the \"Chicago Tribune\", Sepinwall of \"The Star-Ledger\", Jensen of \"Entertainment Weekly\" and Mark Medley of the \"National Post\" also found the episode to contain humorous lines. This episode was watched by 11 million Am... | [
"parliamentary system",
"federation",
"constitutional monarchy"
] |
which countries do germany border? | [
{
"psg_id": "16762521",
"text": "German reunification, the border became part of the eastern border of the European Community, then that of the European Union. For a period, it was \"the most heavily policed border in Europe\". After Poland joined the European Union in 2004, the border controls were relaxed... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "11953001",
"text": "to migrate from their country of origin to foreign countries. After World War II, countries were looking for many new workers, and Germany issued a guest work program to attract more people to work. Later, in the 1970s to 1980s strict borders were reinstated in industrialize... | [
"netherlands",
"czech republic",
"salzburg",
"denmark",
"poland",
"luxembourg",
"france",
"belgium",
"austria",
"switzerland"
] |
who has coached the minnesota vikings? | [
{
"psg_id": "271664",
"text": "or date change for a Vikings game and was the first NFL game played on a Tuesday since 1964. The Vikings proceeded to upset the dynamic Eagles offense, led by a resurgent Michael Vick, 24–14 with rookie Joe Webb at the helm. The Vikings finished the season 6–10 with a 20–13 lo... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "9822487",
"text": "receiving yards, and touchdowns. He retired at the end of the disappointing season, but would briefly return to play for the Miami Dolphins midway through next season. Notes 2001 Minnesota Vikings season The 2001 season was the Minnesota Vikings' 41st in the National Football... | [
"harrison smith",
"devin aromashodu",
"chris kluwe",
"joe webb",
"christian ponder",
"josh robinson",
"jarius wright",
"mcleod bethel-thompson",
"blair walsh",
"stephen burton"
] |
what movies have queen latifah played in? | [
{
"psg_id": "1315269",
"text": "in the film \"Bringing Down the House\", which was a major success at the box office. She also recorded a song \"Do Your Thing\" for the soundtrack. Since then, she has had both leading and supporting roles in a multitude of films that received varied critical and box office ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "1315280",
"text": "single, \"Ladies First\". In 2000, Brown and Latifah reconciled; to show truce, Brown performed her song \"Na Na Be Like\" on \"The Queen Latifah Show\". In her music career, she sold nearly 2 million records worldwide. Queen Latifah has been dubbed as the \"Queen of Jazz-Rap... | [
"taxi",
"jungle fever",
"set it off",
"stranger than fiction",
"last holiday",
"brown sugar",
"ice age: the meltdown",
"ice age: dawn of the dinosaurs",
"hairspray",
"bringing down the house"
] |
where are they now jessica mcclure? | [
{
"psg_id": "2281810",
"text": "site of the incident. Jessica McClure Jessica McClure Morales (born March 26, 1986) became famous on October 14, 1987, at the age of 18 months after she fell into a well in her aunt's backyard in Midland, Texas. Between that day and October 16, rescuers worked for 56 hours to... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "8327466",
"text": "Hosen's cover album Learning English Lesson 2 (2017), with Colin McFaull participating. Where Are They Now \"Where Are They Now\" is a song recorded by English Oi!/punk rock band Cock Sparrer in 1982, from their album \"Shock Troops\". The lyrics comment on the previous six y... | [
"midland"
] |
who played alf on the tv show? | [
{
"psg_id": "1832027",
"text": "ALF (TV series) ALF is an American sitcom that aired on NBC from September 22, 1986, to March 24, 1990. The title character is Gordon Shumway, a sarcastic, friendly extraterrestrial nicknamed ALF (an acronym for Alien Life Form), who crash lands in the garage of the suburban ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "1832068",
"text": "awards. In 1987 the show won a People's Choice Award for Favorite New TV Comedy Program; in 1988 it won Favorite Show at the Kids' Choice Awards; and at the 1989 Kids' Choice Awards, ALF himself won Favorite TV Actor. Benji Gregory and Andrea Elson were also nominated in vari... | [
"paul fusco"
] |
who was the vice president when bill clinton was in office? | [
{
"psg_id": "2281138",
"text": "and the loss by his would-be successor, Vice President Al Gore, in the 2000 presidential election. Thus, Clinton's partisan legacy remains complex and uncertain. Presidency of Bill Clinton The presidency of Bill Clinton began at noon EST on January 20, 1993, when Bill Clinton... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "1311099",
"text": "President Thomas Jefferson dumped Aaron Burr from the ticket. Clinton sought his party's presidential nomination in the 1808 election, but the party's congressional nominating caucus instead nominated James Madison. Despite his opposition to Madison, Clinton was re-elected as... | [
"al gore"
] |
which countries does south africa export to? | [
{
"psg_id": "3884758",
"text": "Africa are South Africa, Libya, Namibia, Egypt, Tunisia, and Zimbabwe, which each consume between 1000 and 5000 KWh/m per person, in contrast with African states such as Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Tanzania, where electricity consumption per person is negligible. Petroleum and pet... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "11957863",
"text": "in the top ten countries in the world for income inequality, measured by the Gini coefficient. Unlike most of the world's poor countries, South Africa does not have a thriving informal economy. Only 15% of South African jobs are in the informal sector, compared with around h... | [
"tanzania",
"angola"
] |
what to do in downtown waukesha? | [
{
"psg_id": "1788508",
"text": "system, offers two-year associate degrees. Students have the option of transferring to four-year institutions to complete their undergraduate education. Waukesha County Technical College has a campus located in the downtown area. Waukesha is home to Carroll University, a priv... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "8790226",
"text": "Waukesha South High School Waukesha South High School is one of three high schools located in Waukesha, Wisconsin. It was opened in 1957 as a southern campus to Waukesha High School, then in downtown Waukesha. The downtown campus is now, Les Paul Middle School - Central Campu... | [
"waukesha county museum",
"university of wisconsin-waukesha",
"nice ash",
"boscos social club",
"margaret brate bryant civic theatre building",
"carroll university",
"the academy waukesha",
"buddha haksa temple"
] |
what other cars does gm make? | [
{
"psg_id": "7101104",
"text": "introduced in the 1964 model year for the all-new mid-sized cars of four GM divisions. Notable examples include the FR layout Chevrolet Chevelle, Buick Special, Oldsmobile Cutlass and Pontiac Tempest. The A-body cars were the first intermediate-sized cars designed with a full... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "8014933",
"text": "and the covers featuring Morrissey are now very rare and collectible. \"What Difference Does It Make?\" was released without an accompanying music video. Speaking to Tony Fletcher on \"The Tube\" in 1984, Morrissey remarked that he felt that the video market was something tha... | [
"hummer",
"pontiac",
"chevrolet",
"buick",
"oldsmobile",
"cadillac"
] |
who did george lucas get engaged to? | [
{
"psg_id": "149967",
"text": "film. They adopted a daughter, Amanda Lucas, in 1981, and divorced in 1983. Lucas subsequently adopted two more children as a single parent: daughter Katie Lucas, born in 1988, and son Jett Lucas, born in 1993. His three eldest children all appeared in the three \"Star Wars\" ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "10079357",
"text": "George Lucas Coser \"For the filmmaker, see George Lucas\". George Lucas Coser (born 20 February 1984), known as Lucas, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a right back. He also holds Italian nationality. Born in Tapejara, Rio Grande do Sul, Lucas started his... | [
"mellody hobson"
] |
what movies does leo howard play in? | [
{
"psg_id": "13520003",
"text": "Leo Howard Leo Howard (born July 13, 1997) is an American actor and martial artist. He began his acting career at the age of seven, Howard is known for incorporating his karate skills into his feature film and television roles; as \"Young Snake-Eyes\" in the 2009 action film... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "14717096",
"text": "\"Curly\" inflections. Calahan played the \"dumb\" character that Howard would normally play. The short, filmed in two-strip Technicolor, uses the \"Chinese Ballet\" segment from the MGM movie \"Children of Pleasure\" and the \"Woman in the Shoe\" segment from MGM's \"Lord B... | [
"logan",
"g.i. joe: the rise of cobra",
"aussie & ted's great adventure",
"conan the barbarian",
"shorts"
] |
what instruments does john williams use? | [
{
"psg_id": "16378510",
"text": "of the important percussion groupings are: For a complete list of idiophone classes see: Hornbostel–Sachs does not distinguish between pitched and unpitched instruments at any level. It should be particularly noted that this classification does not use the term \"percussion\... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "3703477",
"text": "began a similar copycat advertising campaign in Ireland stating that its product \"does exactly what it says on the tube\". The phrase is a registered trademark of the Sherwin-Williams Company, the owner of Ronseal, across the European Community for products including paints,... | [
"trombone",
"piano",
"trumpet",
"clarinet"
] |
who does messi play with? | [
{
"psg_id": "18456204",
"text": "Messi (2014 film) Messi is a 2014 documentary film directed by Álex de la Iglesia. The film explores the rise of Argentine footballer Lionel Messi, who currently plays for Spanish football club FC Barcelona. The film focuses on Argentine footballer Lionel Messi, from his you... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "20779931",
"text": "adopting Messi. Messi was sickly at the time of his adoption, so the Dmitrievs worked to nurse him to decent health. Messi lives with Alexandr and Mariya Dmitriev in a small studio apartment in Penza. The hallway of the apartment was modified and was designated as Messi's pl... | [
"fc barcelona"
] |
what is the language spoken in brazil? | [
{
"psg_id": "7883554",
"text": "of Brazil and Portugal were made virtually identical, with some minor differences. Brazil enacted these changes in 2009, and Portugal enacted them in 2012. Written Brazilian Portuguese differs significantly from the spoken language, with only an educated subsection of the pop... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "1752957",
"text": "Spoken language A spoken language is a language produced by articulate sounds, as opposed to a written language. Many languages have no written form and so are only spoken. An oral language or vocal language is a language produced with the vocal tract, as opposed to a sign la... | [
"brazilian portuguese"
] |
where do tasmanian devils live? | [
{
"psg_id": "424040",
"text": "National Parks and Wildlife Service, and the former Tasmanian Australian rules football team which played in the Victorian Football League was known as the Devils. The Hobart Devils were once part of the National Basketball League. The devil has appeared on several commemorati... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "17765493",
"text": "Tasmanian Devils (film) Tasmanian Devils is a 2013 television film directed by Zach Lipovsky and starring Danica McKellar and Apolo Ohno. The film was first released onto the Syfy channel on January 19, 2013 and centers around a group of friends that get attacked by extremel... | [
"in tasmania"
] |
what a city in montana? | [
{
"psg_id": "1131782",
"text": "out in 1868, and the town saw a brief revival after the arrival of the railroads and the establishment of a post office in the 1880s. At its height in the 1880s, Montana City had 3,000 residents and competed for the location of the state capital. Montana City was almost a gho... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "7520970",
"text": "Montana City, Colorado Montana City was the first settlement in what was later to become Denver, Colorado. It was established during the Pikes Peak Gold Rush on the east bank of the South Platte River, just north of the confluence with Little Dry Creek, in 1858. At the time, ... | [
"helena"
] |
what was the milwaukee brewers old name? | [
{
"psg_id": "6442999",
"text": "As a name for his group, he chose \"Milwaukee Brewers Baseball Club, Inc.\", after the American Association club he grew up watching. As a logo, he chose the Beer Barrel Man in navy and red – traditional Brewers colors. When Bud Selig bought the one-year-old Seattle Pilots fr... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "271861",
"text": "was the team's TV announcer during its time with WVTV and portions of WCGV's coverage contract), although it has aired national games from CBS and Fox involving the Brewers through the years. Milwaukee Brewers The Milwaukee Brewers are an American professional baseball team ba... | [
"seattle pilots"
] |
what is the political system in egypt? | [
{
"psg_id": "4573908",
"text": "to ensure that the arena of political contest remains under their stringent control. The laws regulating the licensing of opposition parties, for example, always demand a public commitment to the existing political order and the substantive acts of the regime.\" These were th... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "1891329",
"text": "Political system A political system is a system of politics and government. It is usually compared to the legal system, economic system, cultural system, and other social systems. However, this is a very simplified view of a much more complex system of categories involving th... | [
"semi-presidential system",
"constitutional republic",
"republic",
"unitary state"
] |
what airport is in kauai hawaii? | [
{
"psg_id": "881287",
"text": "elementary schools, 4 middle schools and 3 high schools in the county. There are two private schools in the county: the Island School, and the Kahili Adventist School. Lihue Airport serves the island of Kauai. Bus service is provided by The Kauai Bus. There are no incorporated... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "881282",
"text": "Kauai County, Hawaii Kauai County is a county in the U.S. state of Hawaii. It consists of the islands of Kauai, Niihau, Lehua, and Kaula. As of the 2010 Census the population was 67,091. The county seat is Līhue. The Kapa'a Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Kauai C... | [
"lihue airport"
] |
what is kevin durant play style? | [
{
"psg_id": "8725311",
"text": "His primary position is small forward and his career averages are 27.1 points, 7.1 rebounds, and 3.9 assists per game. Widely regarded as one of the best players of his generation, Durant has earned All-NBA honors eight times (2009–14, 2016–18) and was voted Rookie of the Yea... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "8725319",
"text": "it. In his first vlog, he detailed, \"I'm so excited because I got off social media. I got off the Instagram, Twitter, all that stuff, just to distance myself a bit. But somebody talked me into getting on the YouTube.\" As of January 2018, Durant's YouTube channel has receive... | [
"small forward"
] |
where are vw cc made? | [
{
"psg_id": "17496998",
"text": "popular in Brazil, Belgium, Germany, England, Mexico, and Japan. Clubs today like The German Folks C.C., with chapters all over the world, and the Brazilian Folks, are dedicated to this style of building vintage Volkswagens. A Cal-Style VW was an all original VW, typically p... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "13975913",
"text": "Solar masses, as inferred by Pribulla et al. in 2000. In any case orbital solutions are still blurry and further calculations are needed to provide a more robust model. VW Cephei VW Cephei (VW Cep) is an eclipsing contact binary of W Ursae Majoris-type located roughly at 90.... | [
"germany"
] |
what team chris paul play for? | [
{
"psg_id": "17172978",
"text": "Chris Paul Camps CP3 Youth Camps is a youth basketball camp organization based in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States. The organization was started by Los Angeles Clippers point guard Chris Paul. The mission of CP3 Camps is to provide a fun, safe, and enriching envi... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "7715483",
"text": "Blake Griffin later commenting, \"It put us on the map.\" Early in Paul's debut season, the team developed a reputation for their fast-paced offense and spectacular alley-oop dunks, usually from Paul to Griffin or DeAndre Jordan, earning them the nickname \"Lob City\". Paul f... | [
"los angeles clippers"
] |
what three continents touch the atlantic ocean? | [
{
"psg_id": "9817",
"text": "Norwegian Sea and Barents Sea. To the east, the boundaries of the ocean proper are Europe: the Strait of Gibraltar (where it connects with the Mediterranean Sea–one of its marginal seas–and, in turn, the Black Sea, both of which also touch upon Asia) and Africa. In the southeast... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "9845",
"text": "Iapetus Ocean, and spread from the Central Atlantic in six stages: Iberia–Newfoundland, Porcupine–North America, Eurasia–Greenland, Eurasia–North America. Active and inactive spreading systems in this area are marked by the interaction with the Iceland hotspot. West Gondwana (So... | [
"canada",
"europe",
"western sahara",
"united states of america",
"france",
"sierra leone",
"ireland",
"guyana",
"nicaragua",
"maine"
] |
what teams has lionel messi played for? | [
{
"psg_id": "18456204",
"text": "Messi (2014 film) Messi is a 2014 documentary film directed by Álex de la Iglesia. The film explores the rise of Argentine footballer Lionel Messi, who currently plays for Spanish football club FC Barcelona. The film focuses on Argentine footballer Lionel Messi, from his you... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "5438193",
"text": "Lionel Messi Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini (; born 24 June 1987) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a forward and captains both Barcelona and the Argentina national team. Often considered the best player in the world and regarded by many as one of the great... | [
"argentina national football team",
"fc barcelona",
"fc barcelona c",
"fc barcelona b"
] |
what countries in north america continent? | [
{
"psg_id": "15587922",
"text": "Catholic Church in North America The Catholic Church in North America refers to the Catholic Church in North America, in full communion with the Holy See in Rome, including its various geographical coverage on the continent. It is prevalent in many different countries, on th... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "9883907",
"text": "deformation, erosion and sedimentation from the ancient, eroded mountains of the Ouachita-Ozark Highlands in the southern portion of the region. The region has significant oil and gas production in the Arbuckle, Arkoma, Nemaha Uplift, and Ouachita Mountain areas, but lacks pr... | [
"navassa island",
"greenland",
"honduras",
"el salvador",
"saint pierre and miquelon",
"jan mayen",
"guatemala",
"aruba",
"clipperton island",
"belize"
] |
what school did sergio romo go to? | [
{
"psg_id": "12131782",
"text": "in 2002 and 2003. In 159 innings, Romo earned a 16-4 overall record with a 2.79 earned run average (ERA). For his junior and senior years, Romo played NCAA Division II baseball at two colleges: the University of North Alabama (2004) and Mesa State College (2005). He was name... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "12131803",
"text": "a little bit\", and worried that this affected his pitch command. Through 2013, Romo led all post-integration MLB pitchers in lowest career FIP with a minimum of 250 innings pitched. His career 2.24 ERA was second only to Mariano Rivera. Sergio had his first child, a boy, Ri... | [
"university of north alabama"
] |
who play luke skywalker? | [
{
"psg_id": "644651",
"text": "Luke Skywalker Luke Skywalker is a fictional character and the main protagonist of the original film trilogy of the \"Star Wars\" franchise created by George Lucas. Skywalker, portrayed by Mark Hamill, is a pivotal figure in the Rebel Alliance's struggle against the Galactic E... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "644694",
"text": "of their favorite \"Star Wars\" characters. IGN's Jesse Schedeen also picked Luke Skywalker as one of the characters they most wanted to appear on the Wii, as well as listing Skywalker as one of their favorite \"Star Wars\" heroes. Schedeen also listed the character as one of ... | [
"mark hamill"
] |
what is the best island to visit in greece? | [
{
"psg_id": "18728395",
"text": "Cricket in Greece Cricket is a sport relatively unknown to most Greeks. However, it is believed that this sport or one similar was played in ancient Greece. This conclusion is drawn from an ancient relief that depicts athletes with clubs and ball. In modern era the cricket i... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "18109691",
"text": "mother. Paolo is the more shy of the group, who is in search of himself and of love. In Greece the three know beautiful girls, however also suffer betrayals of love. At the end of the story, only Manuel discovers himself, becoming more loving and positive towards life. What ... | [
"ionian islands"
] |
what music did beethoven composed? | [
{
"psg_id": "17587426",
"text": "Germania (Beethoven) Germania is a patriotic song by Ludwig van Beethoven written in order to celebrate the victory against Napoleon. During and after the defeat of Napoleon during the Wars of Liberation, German patriotism flourished and spurred the production of poems, play... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "19446423",
"text": "part of the album's pre-release video series. The official music video was released on July 9, 2017. Also directed by Edwards, the video is composed of footage from Bentley's 2017 tour. What the Hell Did I Say \"What the Hell Did I Say\" is a song co-written and recorded by ... | [
"opera",
"classical music"
] |
who was hadrian and what did he do? | [
{
"psg_id": "176365",
"text": "he had nominated Hadrian as emperor. Rome's military and Senate approved Hadrian's succession, but soon after, four leading senators who had opposed Hadrian, or seemed to threaten his succession, were unlawfully put to death; the senate held Hadrian responsible for this, and n... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "8334567",
"text": "– 0:31 16. \"A Little Buzz\" – 2:46 17. \"Kids Didn't Change\" – 0:54 18. \"Heaven Is Where the Heart Is\" – 5:03 What Did He Say? What Did He Say? is the second solo album released by bassist Victor Wooten. 1. \"Yo Victa\" – 0:07 2. \"What Did He Say?\" – 3:20 3. \"What You ... | [
"hadrian's wall"
] |
what influenced langston hughes to write? | [
{
"psg_id": "19380489",
"text": "the kitchen whenever company arrives. Hughes ties together the sense of the unity that U.S. President Abraham Lincoln spoke about regarding the separate and diverse parts of the American democracy (the coexistence of slavery and freedom) \"by beginning his poem with a near d... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "13102203",
"text": "Mary's daughter Caroline was the mother of Langston Hughes. Langston Hughes was born in Joplin, Missouri, the second child of school teacher Carrie (Caroline) Mercer Langston and James Nathaniel Hughes (1871–1934). Langston Hughes grew up in a series of Midwestern small town... | [
"walt whitman"
] |
where did pablo picasso die? | [
{
"psg_id": "328578",
"text": "community come to see the late works of Picasso as prefiguring Neo-Expressionism. Pablo Picasso died on 8 April 1973 in Mougins, France from pulmonary edema and heart failure, while he and his wife Jacqueline entertained friends for dinner. He was interred at the Château of Va... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "7353158",
"text": "Picasso's romantic advances, despite his short stature. \"Well he was only five foot three but girls could not resist his stare / Pablo Picasso was never called an asshole / Not in New York\". In a 1980 interview, Richman stated that the song was inspired by his own adolescen... | [
"mougins"
] |
where did henry hudson travel? | [
{
"psg_id": "542882",
"text": "historic search for the Northwest Passage from the Atlantic side (though modern voyages take more northerly routes). Along with Hudson Bay, many other topographical features and landmarks are named for Hudson. The Hudson River in New York and New Jersey is named after him, as ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "14382264",
"text": "at Carl Kostyál Gallery, London and Sotheby’s SI2 gallery in New York. He was recently nominated from Pulse Miami Beach art prize for a series of Woodburytype prints. Thames & Hudson published an 8-page profile on Hudson in the publication \"London Burning\" by Maryam Eisler... | [
"hudson bay"
] |
who was judy collins married to? | [
{
"psg_id": "1452790",
"text": "eleven and spent two months in isolation in a hospital. Collins has been married twice. Her first marriage in 1958 to Peter Taylor produced her only child, Clark C. Taylor, born the same year. The marriage ended in divorce in 1965. In 1962, shortly after her debut at Carnegie... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "8864636",
"text": "by the RIAA in 1969, for sales of over 500,000 copies in the US. Who Knows Where the Time Goes (Judy Collins album) Who Knows Where the Time Goes is a 1968 album by Judy Collins. It peaked at No. 29 on the Billboard Pop Albums charts. Produced by David Anderle with numerous w... | [
"peter taylor",
"louis nelson"
] |
what do they speak in cambodia? | [
{
"psg_id": "7541729",
"text": "origin. The Khmer of Cambodia speak a dialect of the Khmer language. The Northern Khmer (\"Khmer Surin\") are ethnic indigenous Khmers whose lands once belonged to the Khmer Empire but have since become part of Thailand. The Northern Khmer also speak the Isan language fluentl... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "7657272",
"text": "Working: People Talk About What They Do All Day and How They Feel About What They Do Working: People Talk About What They Do All Day and How They Feel About What They Do is a 1974 nonfiction book by the noted oral historian and radio broadcaster Studs Terkel. \"Working\" is a... | [
"french language",
"cambodian french",
"khmer language"
] |
who is the prime minister of new zealand now? | [
{
"psg_id": "1000156",
"text": "five smaller parties. Until the premiership of Helen Clark, it was customary for senior members of the legislature, executive and judiciary—including the prime minister—to be appointed to the British Privy Council, granting them the style \"Right Honourable\". This practice w... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "1000158",
"text": "a member of the same party as the Prime Minister, but not necessarily so; in coalition governments, the parliamentary leader of a support party may be offered the post. Lists of the 40 people who have so far held the premiership: Prime Minister of New Zealand The Prime Minist... | [
"john key"
] |
what did nick carter sister died of? | [
{
"psg_id": "6629604",
"text": "Over Me\", \"California\", \"Second Wind\", \"Swet\" and \"In Over My Head\" have a combination of Dance-pop and Teenpop feel. And \"I Will Wait\" is an emotional ballad song inspired by Ed Sheeran, with a clear acoustic guitar sound. \"I Will Wait\" is the first single of th... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "10014027",
"text": "program's announcer. The series ended on September 25, 1955. Chick Carter, Boy Detective was a serial adventure that aired weekday afternoons on Mutual. Chick Carter, the adopted son of Nick Carter, was played by Bill Lipton (1943-44) and Leon Janney (1944-45). The series ai... | [
"guitar"
] |
where did bob dylan live? | [
{
"psg_id": "2355548",
"text": "had heard Dylan perform in Greenwich Village, and invited him to take part in a BBC television drama: \"Madhouse on Castle Street\". Dylan arrived in London on December 17. In the play, Dylan performed \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and two other songs. Dylan also immersed himself i... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "5474796",
"text": "set was reissued by the Audio Fidelity label as \"Live 1964\", on two 5.1 multi-channel SACDs. All songs written by Bob Dylan, except where noted The Bootleg Series Vol. 6: Bob Dylan Live 1964, Concert at Philharmonic Hall The Bootleg Series Vol. 6: Bob Dylan Live 1964, Conce... | [
"greenwich village"
] |
who do roman catholics give authority to? | [
{
"psg_id": "8259835",
"text": "Goan Catholics Goan Catholics are an ethno-religious community of Roman Catholics from the state of Goa on the west coast of India who speak Konkani as well as English. Portuguese seafarers arrived in Goa in 1510, and Catholic missionary activities soon followed, as Pope Nich... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "12068851",
"text": "sisters) and 15 seminarians. Roman Catholic Diocese of Caxias do Maranhão The Roman Catholic Diocese of Caxias do Maranhão () is a suffragan Latin diocese in the Ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan of São Luís do Maranhão in northeastern Brazil. Its cathedral episcop... | [
"pope"
] |
where did pres. obama go to school? | [
{
"psg_id": "5509496",
"text": "Michelle Obama Michelle LaVaughn Robinson Obama (born January 17, 1964) is an American lawyer, university administrator, and writer who served as the First Lady of the United States from 2009 to 2017. She is married to the 44th U.S. President, Barack Obama, and was the first ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "13279845",
"text": "\"there is a perceptible poignancy and longing weaved throughout Jenkins' arrangements. The opener \"Where Did Everyone Go?\" possesses a solitude accentuated by responsive instrumentation that supports, yet never intrudes. Cole's practically conversational delivery of pop s... | [
"occidental college",
"harvard law school",
"noelani elementary school",
"punahou school",
"state elementary school menteng 01",
"st. francis of assisi catholic school",
"columbia university"
] |
who is nina dobrev playing in perks of being a wallflower? | [
{
"psg_id": "9513315",
"text": "biggest moneymaker ever. She also had a small role in the 2011 film \"The Roommate\". In April 2011, Dobrev was cast as Candace Kelmeckis in the film adaptation of \"The Perks of Being a Wallflower\", alongside Logan Lerman, Emma Watson, and Paul Rudd. In August 2014, she sta... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "9513310",
"text": "Nina Dobrev Nikolina Konstantinova Dobreva (born January 9, 1989), known professionally as Nina Dobrev (), is a Canadian actress. Her first acting role was as Mia Jones in the drama series \"\". She later became known for portraying Elena Gilbert and Katherine Pierce, along w... | [
"candace"
] |
who is larry ellison oracle? | [
{
"psg_id": "1472750",
"text": "super PAC supporting Marco Rubio's 2016 presidential bid. As of February 2016, Ellison had given $4 million overall to the PAC. Larry Ellison Lawrence Joseph Ellison (born August 17, 1944) is an American businessman, entrepreneur, and philanthropist who is co-founder, executi... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "1472746",
"text": "database and issue ID cards. \"Forbes's\" 2004 list of charitable donations made by the wealthiest 400 Americans stated that Ellison had donated $151,092,103, about 1% of his estimated personal wealth. In June 2006, he announced he would not honor his earlier pledge of $115 m... | [
"entrepreneur",
"businessperson",
"investor"
] |
what state does obama come from? | [
{
"psg_id": "2826738",
"text": "Barack Obama Barack Hussein Obama II (; born August 4, 1961) is an American attorney and politician who served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the first African American to be elected to the presidency. He... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "13810760",
"text": "What Kate Does \"What Kate Does\" is the 106th television episode of the American Broadcasting Company's \"Lost\" and third episode of the sixth season. It was written by executive producers Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz and directed in September 2009 by Paul Edwards. \"Wh... | [
"honolulu"
] |
what did egyptians speak? | [
{
"psg_id": "15640412",
"text": "variety of Arabic, known as Egyptian Arabic or \"Masri. \"Additionally, a sizable minority of Egyptians living in Upper Egypt speak Sa'idi Arabic. Egyptians are predominantly adherents of Sunni Islam with a Shia minority and a significant proportion who follow native Sufi or... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "9176975",
"text": "Italians were the most closely connected to Egyptian society. San Marco ventures that the reason for this was that \"our people are noted for their spirit of tolerance, their lack of religious or nationalist chauvinism and, unlike other peoples, their aversion to appearing su... | [
"languages of egypt",
"egyptian arabic",
"coptic language",
"egyptian language",
"sa'idi arabic"
] |
what are the airports in chicago? | [
{
"psg_id": "15417315",
"text": "The hotel is about 30–60 minutes from the two main Chicago airports depending on traffic. The closest 'L' station to the hotel is the Chicago station on the Red Line which is a 5-minute walk away. The hotel offers limousine service to and from O'Hare International Airport an... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "12704560",
"text": "Operation of the city's airports is the responsibility of the Chicago Department of Aviation. There are several other smaller commercial airports in the Chicago area, these include: General Mitchell International Airport in Milwaukee is also used by residents of Chicago's no... | [
"lansing municipal airport",
"o'hare international airport",
"chicago midway international airport",
"chicago executive airport",
"schaumburg regional airport",
"aurora municipal airport",
"lewis university airport",
"gary/chicago international airport",
"waukegan regional airport"
] |
what was van gogh famous for? | [
{
"psg_id": "12760942",
"text": "Van Gogh (1991 film) Van Gogh is a 1991 French film written and directed by Maurice Pialat. It stars Jacques Dutronc in the role of Dutch painter Vincent van Gogh, a role for which he won the 1992 César Award for Best Actor. Set in 1890, the film follows the last 67 days of ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "20236328",
"text": "of a house in Cuesmes occupied by a miner named Decrucq and his family. From there he wrote to his brother Theo that he was considering what purpose he could give to his life; inspired by the lives of the miners, he started to produce drawings. From 1880, he started painting... | [
"painter"
] |
where did jane goodall go to school? | [
{
"psg_id": "8983079",
"text": "the fragile biosphere. Goodall was interested in animals from her youth; this prompted noted anthropologist Louis Leakey to hire her as his assistant/secretary. He invited her to accompany him and his wife, Mary Leakey, to dig at Olduvai Gorge. Eventually he asked Jane to stu... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "8817523",
"text": "Jane Goodall Environmental Middle School Jane Goodall Environmental Middle School (JGEMS) is a public charter school serving grades six through eight that focuses on environmental science and community service. It is housed in the same building as the Oregon School for the De... | [
"university of cambridge"
] |
who won 2012 presidential election in france? | [
{
"psg_id": "13306043",
"text": "2012 French presidential election A presidential election was held in France on 22 April 2012 (or 21 April in some overseas departments and territories), with a second round run-off held on 6 May (or 5 May for those same territories) to elect the President of France (who is ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "16167858",
"text": "politics of the country. 2012 Slovenian presidential election Presidential elections were held in Slovenia on 11 November 2012, with a run-off held on 2 December 2012. Slovenia's 1.7 million registered voters chose between the incumbent president Danilo Türk, the SDS/NSi par... | [
"nicolas sarkozy"
] |
what does donald trump own? | [
{
"psg_id": "20444849",
"text": "Donald Trump dolls Several dolls based on Donald Trump have been created since 2004, beginning with the release of a 12-inch Trump doll by Stevenson Entertainment Group, which signed a licensing deal with The Trump Organization. The doll includes 17 phrases recorded by Trump... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "18915193",
"text": "care.\" In his 2000 book, \"The America We Deserve\", Trump reiterated his call for universal health care and focused on a Canadian-style single-payer health care system as a means to achieve it. Though he characterized the Canadian health-care system as \"catastrophic in ce... | [
"trump tower",
"the trump organization",
"trump entertainment resorts"
] |
what did thomson discover with his cathode ray tube experiment? | [
{
"psg_id": "74958",
"text": "includes discarded CRT monitors in its category of \"hazardous household waste\" but considers CRTs that have been set aside for testing to be commodities if they are not discarded, speculatively accumulated, or left unprotected from weather and other damage. Leaded CRT glass w... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "74910",
"text": "than atoms, the first \"subatomic particles\", which were later named \"electrons\". The earliest version of the CRT was known as the \"Braun tube\", invented by the German physicist Ferdinand Braun in 1897. It was a cold-cathode diode, a modification of the Crookes tube with a... | [
"electron"
] |
where did emily murphy go to school? | [
{
"psg_id": "3226003",
"text": "lawyer, judge, and senator. Murphy attended Bishop Strachan School, an exclusive Anglican private school for girls in Toronto and, through a friend, she met her future husband Arthur Murphy, who was 11 years her senior. In 1887, they married, and subsequently had four daughte... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "13279845",
"text": "\"there is a perceptible poignancy and longing weaved throughout Jenkins' arrangements. The opener \"Where Did Everyone Go?\" possesses a solitude accentuated by responsive instrumentation that supports, yet never intrudes. Cole's practically conversational delivery of pop s... | [
"bishop strachan school"
] |
what are the major religions in russia? | [
{
"psg_id": "6372003",
"text": "forefathers\" were the third-largest religious group after Christianity and Islam, with 1,700,000 believers or 1.2% of the total population of Russia in 2012. These religions are protected under the 1997 law, whose commentary specifies that \"other religions and creeds which ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "14702119",
"text": "most editors tended to consider \"All Religions are One\" as later than \"There is No Natural Religion\". For example, in his 1905 book \"The poetical works of William Blake; a new and verbatim text from the manuscript engraved and letterpress originals\", John Sampson place... | [
"russian orthodox church",
"islam"
] |
what do most nigerians speak? | [
{
"psg_id": "10824193",
"text": "of instances of extremism, most Nigerians continue to peacefully coexist with each other, and a common Nigerian identity has been fostered amongst the more-educated and affluent Nigerians as well as with the many Nigerians who leave small homogeneous ethnic communities to se... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "20040798",
"text": "some of the richest people in the world. Aliko Dangote, a Nigerian, is the richest black man alive. The percentage of poor Nigerians is not as high as this stereotype portrays it. This is one of the negative stereotypes about Nigerians. It is generally believed by most non-N... | [
"english language"
] |
what currency does thailand accept? | [
{
"psg_id": "414859",
"text": "Economy of Thailand Thailand is a newly industrialized country. Its economy is heavily export-dependent, with exports accounting for more than two-thirds of its gross domestic product (GDP). In 2017, according to the IMF, Thailand had a GDP of 15.450 trillion baht (US$455 bill... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "13810778",
"text": "week.\" VanDerWerff of the \"LA Times\", Ryan of the \"Chicago Tribune\", Sepinwall of \"The Star-Ledger\", Jensen of \"Entertainment Weekly\" and Mark Medley of the \"National Post\" also found the episode to contain humorous lines. This episode was watched by 11 million Am... | [
"thai baht"
] |
what else did eli whitney invent? | [
{
"psg_id": "122631",
"text": "devices, drawings of which are in his collected papers, were effective but were never manufactured for use of others due to his heirs' reluctance to trade in \"indelicate\" items. The Eli Whitney Students Program, Yale University's admissions program for non-traditional studen... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "122612",
"text": "the newly formed United States Army. He continued making arms and inventing until his death in 1825. Whitney was born in Westborough, Massachusetts, on December 8, 1765, the eldest child of Eli Whitney Sr., a prosperous farmer, and his wife Elizabeth Fay, also of Westborough. ... | [
"interchangeable parts",
"cotton gin",
"milling"
] |
who founded collegehumor? | [
{
"psg_id": "5047546",
"text": "Date Past series On December 17, 2008, CollegeHumor.com announced \"The CollegeHumor Show\", a scripted comedy that premiered on MTV on February 8, 2009. The half-hour comedy was written by and starred nine CollegeHumor editorial staff members (Ricky Van Veen, Jake Hurwitz, A... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "12934291",
"text": "The CollegeHumor Show The CollegeHumor Show was an American television sitcom that premiered on MTV on February 8, 2009 and also aired on MuchMusic. The show was a scripted sitcom with sketch comedy elements. It was written by and stars nine CollegeHumor editorial staff memb... | [
"josh abramson",
"ricky van veen"
] |
where did barack obama attend school? | [
{
"psg_id": "11719442",
"text": "reunite him with his stepfather. In 1971, Obama returned to Honolulu to attend Punahou School, from which he graduated in 1979 As a young adult, Obama moved to the contiguous United States, where he was educated at Occidental College, Columbia University, and Harvard Law Sch... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "11664619",
"text": "Barack Obama Sr. Barack Hussein Obama Sr. (; 18 June 1936 – 24 November 1982) was a Kenyan senior governmental economist and the father of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States. He is a central figure of his son's memoir, \"Dreams from My Father\" (1995). Oba... | [
"occidental college",
"harvard law school",
"noelani elementary school",
"punahou school",
"state elementary school menteng 01",
"st. francis of assisi catholic school",
"columbia university"
] |
what jobs did albert einstein have? | [
{
"psg_id": "2626230",
"text": "being behind a \"soft coup\" attempt in Venezuela. Dr. Sharp and the Albert Einstein Institution have dismissed such accusations. In response to the accusations against the institution, professor Stephen Zunes initiated a petition titled \"Open Letter in Support of Gene Sharp... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "14539386",
"text": "the United States to be certified by the Joint Commission International. Ophthalmologist Dr. Cláudio Lottenberg began as president of Albert Einstein in December 2001. It is one of the most well-known health units in Brazil due to the quality of care, medical equipment and e... | [
"writer",
"author",
"mathematician",
"professor",
"theoretical physicist",
"physicist",
"philosopher",
"scientist",
"peace activist",
"pacifist"
] |
where to travel around sydney? | [
{
"psg_id": "6392894",
"text": "Road through Gladesville, where it eventually terminated at Fort Macquarie (present site of the Sydney Opera House). The entire trip took approximately 61 minutes to complete, and was the single longest route on the Sydney tram network, measuring 10 miles 61 chains (17.3 km) ... | [] | [
{
"psg_id": "16606907",
"text": "FCTG's corporate division included seven different businesses, which in 2004 were consolidated to form FCM Travel Solutions. The reach of FCM's global network broadened significantly with the acquisition of major travel companies including Sydney Business Travel (Australia),... | [
"the rocks",
"rose seidler house",
"bondi beach",
"sydney opera house",
"luna park sydney",
"wild life sydney",
"darling harbour",
"sydney harbour bridge",
"st mary's cathedral, sydney",
"powerhouse museum"
] |
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