sot_question stringlengths 42 9.8k | ds_name stringclasses 8
values | pred_label int64 0 2 | logits listlengths 3 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
['Endogenous cardiac progenitor cells are a promising option for cell-therapy for myocardial infarction (MI). However, obtaining adequate numbers of cardiac progenitors after MI remains a challenge. Cardiospheres (CSs) have been proposed to have cardiac regenerative properties; however, their cellular composition and h... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4130585193634033,
-1.081284999847412,
2.5047121047973633
] |
['To describe patterns of alcohol use in a nationally-representative sample of New Zealand smokers.', 'The New Zealand (NZ) arm of the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Survey (ITC Project) derives its sample from a national survey: the NZ Health Survey (NZHS). From this sample we surveyed adult smokers (... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 1 | [
-1.3182891607284546,
0.7961720824241638,
-0.22393392026424408
] |
['Associations between modifiable health risk factors during middle age with disability and mortality in later life are critical to maximizing longevity while preserving function. Positive health effects of maintenance of normal weight, routine exercise, and nonsmoking are known for the short and intermediate term. We ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 1 | [
-1.0547493696212769,
0.6013992428779602,
-0.2893664836883545
] |
['Hospitalizations for decompensated heart failure (HF) are thought to increase long-term mortality. However, previous reports focus on newly hospitalized HF patients or clinical trial populations and do not always adjust for baseline mortality risk. We hypothesized that the number of HF hospitalizations within the pri... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 0 | [
0.25671324133872986,
-1.425916075706482,
0.2295394241809845
] |
['Personality traits such as impulsivity and sensation seeking may contribute to the initiation and maintenance of illicit drug use. Since studies have reported higher impulsivity and sensation seeking traits in cocaine dependent subjects, we were interested in determining whether former heroin addicts in methadone pha... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.7733691930770874,
-0.7064564824104309,
0.6086727380752563
] |
['The human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is a novel biomarker for ovarian cancer. This study measured the HE4 and CA125 levels in women with benign gynecological disorders.', 'Sera were obtained from women prior to surgery for a pelvic mass and HE4 and CA125 levels were determined. The proportions of patients with elevat... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.9245935082435608,
-1.4885448217391968,
1.3606559038162231
] |
['Coactivation of the hamstring muscles during dynamic knee extension may compensate for increased knee joint laxity in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficient subjects. This study examined if antagonist muscle coactivation during maximal dynamic knee extension was elevated in subjects with anterior cruciate ligamen... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.5217689275741577,
-1.5119279623031616,
2.0655031204223633
] |
['We have shown that the ouabain-sensitive α2 Na,K-ATPase is required for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-induced hypertension and gestational blood pressure regulation. It is therefore of interest to explore whether this binding site participates in the development of other forms of hypertension, such as deoxycorti... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.210775375366211,
-1.4222372770309448,
2.646465301513672
] |
['Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is associated with substantial infant morbidity and mortality. Recently, genetic associations have been found in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension.', 'PPHN was significantly (P < 0.05) associated with genetic variants in corticotropin-releasing hormone ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3894803524017334,
-1.2331041097640991,
2.7269182205200195
] |
['To investigate the effect and underlying mechanisms of polygalasaponin F (PGSF), a triterpenoid saponin isolated from Polygala japonica, on long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampus dentate gyrus (DG) of anesthetized rats.', 'Population spike (PS) of hippocampal DG was recorded in anesthetized male Wistar rats. PGS... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.2871766090393066,
-1.4382495880126953,
2.724907398223877
] |
['Failure to detect the sphenoidal segment of the middle cerebral artery (M1) on transcranial color-coded sonography (TCCS) results from either M1 occlusion or an insufficient temporal bone window (TBW). We sought to identify a simple indicator on B mode images for M1 evaluation.', "Consecutive acute ischemic stroke pa... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.1686410903930664,
-1.663111686706543,
1.8327327966690063
] |
['Change in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) observed in large randomized controlled trials using fibrates has varied. Inconsistent cardiovascular outcomes have also been the common theme of these trials. Subgroup analysis of even the negative trials, however, reveals significant reduction in cardiovascular... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.6639947891235352,
-1.506543755531311,
2.1755452156066895
] |
['Although the current median survival time of stage-IV melanoma patients is less than 12 months, there is a subset of patients who experience long-term survival. Due to poor response rates to standard cytotoxic agents in metastatic melanoma, patients are encouraged to participate in clinical trials, the overall impact... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.575239419937134,
-0.9301711320877075,
2.58396577835083
] |
['Preterm children are at risk for social-emotional difficulties, including autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. We assessed the relationship of regional brain development in preterm children, evaluated via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at term-equivalent postmenstrual age (TEA), to later social-emot... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.26055645942688,
-1.0081015825271606,
2.3716158866882324
] |
['Navigation systems have recently been developed to achieve highly reliable prosthetic alignment in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, component alignment in the sagittal plane is less reliable than that in the coronal plane even when navigation systems are used. Previous reports examining men showed differences ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.410951852798462,
-0.9789685010910034,
2.4802048206329346
] |
['Early-life infection by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is associated with aberrant expression of the prototypical neurotrophin nerve growth factor (NGF) and its cognate receptors in human bronchial epithelium. However, the chain of events leading to this outcome, and its functional implications for the progression... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.2468888759613037,
-1.2478939294815063,
2.53243350982666
] |
['The clinical course of pT3 upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is highly variable.', 'The aim of the current study was to validate the clinical and prognostic importance of pT3 subclassification in the renal pelvicalyceal system in a large international cohort of patients.', 'From a multi-institutional internatio... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5096585750579834,
-1.2695677280426025,
2.8885927200317383
] |
['Infection rates for breast surgery are 3 to 15 percent, higher than average for a clean surgical procedure. Preoperative and postoperative antibiotics have lowered infection rates in other surgical groups, yet there is no consensus on postoperative prophylactic antibiotic use in microsurgical breast reconstruction.',... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.0281606912612915,
-1.5260655879974365,
1.5234609842300415
] |
['To assess the efficacy of multiple treatment of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor on autochthonous tumours in phosphatase and tensin homologue (Pten)-deficient genetically engineered mouse cancer models using a longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol.', 'Using 3D MRI, B-cell follicular lym... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.2597496509552,
-1.4644341468811035,
2.7741265296936035
] |
['RNA-Seq allows a theoretically unbiased analysis of both genome-wide transcription levels and mutation status of a tumor. Using this technique we sought to identify novel candidate therapeutic targets expressed in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).', 'Specifically, we sought candidate invasion/migration targets based o... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3884847164154053,
-1.1164041757583618,
2.653791904449463
] |
['To describe fundus autofluorescence and optical coherence tomography (OCT) features of the macula after pars plana vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.', 'Thirty-three eyes of 33 consecutive patients with repaired rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with or without the involvement of the macula were prospe... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.445122003555298,
-1.3245502710342407,
2.809487819671631
] |
['This study determined the intensity of walking exercise prescribed from 70% of peak speed achieved during the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and whether a steady-state response was achieved when exercising at this intensity.', 'Each participant performed lung... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.3265804052352905,
-0.4915984869003296,
0.9395977258682251
] |
['Recent evidences indicated that hydrogen (H2) can attenuate organ transplantation induced cold ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury if administrated perioperatively. In this study we evaluated whether administrating H2 during the prolonged cold ischemia stage by adding it to Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate (HTK) solu... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.395925283432007,
-1.430838704109192,
2.841606855392456
] |
['A test predicting distant metastases would be valuable for prognostication in colon cancer (CC). In previous studies, CC with microsatellite instability (MSI) showed a reduced risk of distant metastases. High expression of CD133 and β-catenin, both related to cancer stem cell phenotypes, might be predictive markers f... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.01462984085083,
-1.3182878494262695,
2.397885799407959
] |
['Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is associated with impaired epithelial barrier function. This study was aimed at investigating the role of desmosomal proteins in relation to GERD.', 'Ninety-five patients with GERD-related symptoms (erosive, n = 51; non-erosive, n = 44) and 27 patients lacking those symptoms ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.2962214946746826,
-1.4949396848678589,
2.7973084449768066
] |
['Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma follows a multistep model of progression through precursor lesions called pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). The high mobility group A1 (HMGA1) and high mobility group A2 (HMGA2) proteins are architectural transcription factors that have been implicated in the pathogenesis ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3575668334960938,
-1.3385958671569824,
2.7340409755706787
] |
['Neonatal weight and health depend on many epigenetic and environmental factors and also on a child\'s genes as inherited from the mother and the father. The "Hunting for Good Genes" (HfGG) hypothesis claims that women pursue short-term mating strategies in order to obtain good genes for their progeny. If this is true... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 1 | [
-2.2236931324005127,
1.2905343770980835,
0.17306029796600342
] |
['The CYBA C242T polymorphism has been associated with cardiovascular phenotypes such as hypertension and atherosclerosis, but available data are conflicting. This report investigated the impact of this variant on hypertension and metabolic determinants of cardiovascular risk in a large Brazilian sample.', 'We cross-se... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.0416924953460693,
-1.327972412109375,
2.4418368339538574
] |
['Periarticular infiltration of local anesthetic, NSAIDs, and adrenaline have been reported to reduce postoperative pain, improve mobility, and reduce hospital stay for patients having THAs, but available studies have not determined whether local anesthetic infiltration alone achieves similar improvements.', 'We theref... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.030021905899048,
-1.1788828372955322,
2.223799705505371
] |
['Adiponectin and leptin and their ratio have been associated with incident type 2 diabetes (T2DM), although the data presented are conflicting and the populations studied have been small. In this large, prospective, nested, case referent study, we hypothesized that these associations are sex specific and may be modifi... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.5825790166854858,
-1.4943366050720215,
2.150665760040283
] |
['Z-DNA is a higher-energy, left-handed form of the double helix. A primary function of Z-DNA formation is to facilitate transcriptional initiation and activation. Sequences favoring Z-DNA formation are frequently located in promoter regions and Z-DNA is stabilized by torsional strain resulting from negative supercoili... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.497760772705078,
-0.6050081849098206,
2.1595354080200195
] |
['Stigma shapes the lives of people living with HIV and may affect their willingness to seek medical care. But treatment delays can compromise health and increase the risk of transmission to others.', "To examine whether the 4 stigma manifestations--enacted (discrimination), vicarious (hearing stories of discrimination... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 1 | [
-2.4587085247039795,
2.2200558185577393,
-0.4360499680042267
] |
['Platelet concentrates (PC) are prepared by centrifugation of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) that is prepared by centrifugation of whole blood. The resuspension of the platelet pellet during PC preparation from dogs is difficult because of platelet activation induced by centrifugation.', 'To investigate the efficacy of ad... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.236375093460083,
-1.3191052675247192,
2.620604991912842
] |
["Middle age obesity is recognized as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) although a mechanistic linkage remains unclear. Based upon the fact that obese adipose tissue and AD brains are both areas of proinflammatory change, a possible common event is chronic inflammation. Since an autosomal dominant form of AD i... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.6269900798797607,
-0.896111786365509,
2.6182303428649902
] |
['Nitrite is a nitric oxide (NO) metabolite in tissues and blood, which can be converted to NO under hypoxia to facilitate tissue perfusion. Although nitrite is known to cause vasodilation following its reduction to NO, the effect of nitrite on platelet activity remains unclear. In this study, the effect of nitrite and... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4675774574279785,
-1.2093576192855835,
2.7277719974517822
] |
['Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) are classified into four phenotypes according to the WHO classification. Recently, intestinal-type IPMN has been suggested to grow with a distinct carcinogenetic pathway. Like mucin 2, oligomeric mucus/gel forming (MUC2) and caudal-related homeobox 2 (CDX2), liver-intes... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.063394784927368,
-1.5674118995666504,
2.671281099319458
] |
['Several stromal cell subtypes including macrophages contribute to tumor progression by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) at the invasive front, a mechanism also linked to metastasis. Tumor associated macrophages (TAM) reside mainly at the invasive front but they also infiltrate tumors and in this proce... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.423118829727173,
-1.347056269645691,
2.8643479347229004
] |
['Spontaneous labor at term involves the activation of placental corticotropin-releasing hormone and the fetal adrenal axis, but the basis for extreme preterm labor is unknown. Our objective was to determine whether placental corticotropin-releasing hormone is activated in extreme preterm labor.', "One thousand five hu... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.1692516803741455,
-0.54143226146698,
1.755561351776123
] |
['This study evaluated whether the risk of acute renal failure (ARF) increases with exenatide and sitagliptin use.', 'A retrospective cohort study of a large medical and pharmacy claims database was performed. Data for 4 91 539 patients were analysed. Cox proportional hazard models were used to compare the risk of ARF ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.784610629081726,
-1.3537636995315552,
2.2192583084106445
] |
['The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of acute glycemia increase on microvasculature and endothelium in Type 1 diabetes during hyperinsulinemic clamp.', 'Sixteen patients (51 ± 7\u2009yrs) without complications were examined during iso- and hyperglycemic clamp (glucose increase 5.5\u2009mmol·L(-1)). Insuli... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.6856749057769775,
-1.5948798656463623,
2.287703275680542
] |
['The purpose of this study was to compare the expression and the prognostic effect of the breast cancer stem cell marker aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH1) in young and elderly breast cancer patients.', 'The study population (N = 574) consisted of all early breast cancer patients primarily treated with surgery in our ce... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.6711835861206055,
-1.4074642658233643,
2.087719440460205
] |
['Two prominent and well-characterized representatives of adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporter - breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP or ABCG2) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp or ABCB1) - are known to be membrane transporters associated with multidrug resistance. The aim of this study was to explore the... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4098408222198486,
-1.2527607679367065,
2.6937777996063232
] |
['The trajectory to heart defects may start in tubular and looping heart stages when detailed analysis of form and function is difficult by currently available methods. We used a novel method, Doppler optical coherence tomography (OCT), to follow changes in cardiovascular function in quail embryos during acute hypoxic ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.373342752456665,
-1.1579616069793701,
2.6496238708496094
] |
['To study the relation of the sex, age, location and chemotherapy with recurrence of the tumor.', 'From January 2000 to August 2010, 47 patients with giant cell tumor of tendon sheath in upper extremity were retrospectively analyzed. Statistical analysis of sex, age at presentation, lesion location, chemical inactivat... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5016415119171143,
-0.8334775567054749,
2.4464128017425537
] |
['The association of hypovitaminosis D with type 2 diabetes is well recognized. Although hypovitaminosis D is associated with insulin resistance, there is much less information about its impact on β-cell function in humans.', 'We enrolled 150 healthy, glucose-tolerant subjects for the assessment of β-cell function (acu... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.124953031539917,
-1.159597396850586,
2.3480679988861084
] |
['Prior research has indicated that affiliation with delinquent peers activates genetic influences on delinquency during adolescence. However, because other studies have indicated that the socializing effects of delinquent peers vary dramatically across childhood and adolescence, it is unclear whether delinquent peer a... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.541107416152954,
-0.010357754305005074,
1.6962838172912598
] |
['Prostaglandins are important for female reproduction. Prostaglandin-E2 acts via four different receptor subtypes, EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4 whereas prostaglandin-F2alpha acts through FP. The functions of prostaglandins depend on the expression of their receptors in different uterine cell types. Our aim was to investigate... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5217506885528564,
-0.9935067296028137,
2.5246973037719727
] |
['In chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), the inflammation leads to a proliferative response in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Periostin and osteopontin are 2 ECM proteins which have received attention for their roles in tissue remodeling in inflammatory diseases of the upper and lower airways. Transforming growth factor bet... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.347151517868042,
-1.315180778503418,
2.735323190689087
] |
['Treated HIV-1-infected patients with lipodystrophy often develop insulin resistance and proatherogenic dyslipidaemia. Zinc alpha-2 glycoprotein (ZAG) is a recently characterized adipokine which has been shown to be involved in the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome in uninfected subjects. We assessed the r... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.8733283281326294,
-1.5835561752319336,
2.4167096614837646
] |
['To test the antidiabetic efficacy of ibipinabant, this new cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) antagonist was compared with food-restriction-induced weight loss, rosiglitazone (4 mg/kg) and rimonabant (3 and 10 mg/kg), using parameters of glycaemic control in male Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats.', 'Body weight, food and w... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.1330392360687256,
-1.3866190910339355,
2.527998924255371
] |
['Arl6ip1 has been reported to play a role in ocular development, but its regulatory function as it relates to proliferation is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate how Arl6ip1 may regulate the proliferative behavior of retinal progenitor cells during zebrafish embryogenesis.', 'Arl6ip1 was specifically kno... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.2938272953033447,
-1.3511536121368408,
2.6648662090301514
] |
['The study was performed to assess the safety of strontium ranelate in accordance with the ICH, E14 guidelines for QT/QT(c) studies. Its primary objective was to compare supratherapeutic repeated dosing of strontium ranelate (4\u2003g\u2003day⁻¹ for 15\u2003days) with placebo on the largest time-matched mean QT(c) var... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.5192807912826538,
-1.6997319459915161,
2.243269205093384
] |
['African trypanosomes belong to a eukaryotic lineage which displays many unusual genetic features. The mechanisms of chromosome segregation in these diploid protozoan parasites are poorly understood. Centromeres in Trypanosoma brucei have been localised to chromosomal regions that contain an array of ~147 bp AT-rich t... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.837830126285553,
-0.7100507616996765,
0.5941973924636841
] |
['Anophthalmia is a heterogeneous developmental disorder characterized by absent eyes whose diverse etiology encompasses chromosomal and monogenic aberrations, as well as environmental causes. Since the molecular basis has been defined in only a small proportion of cases and extending this offers potential to enhance u... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.2510974407196045,
-1.237111210823059,
2.6186423301696777
] |
['The distinction between basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and trichoepithelioma (TE) may be very difficult in some cases because of the close similarities of these two lesions clinically and histopathologically. The purpose of this study is to investigate the usefulness of CD10 in distinguishing BCC and TE.', "The immunohis... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.0947682857513428,
-1.357839584350586,
2.4845669269561768
] |
['The relationship between severity of depressive symptoms reported by incident dialysis patients and first-year outcomes is not known.', 'We evaluated the association between self-report of depressive symptoms in incident hemodialysis patients admitted at Fresenius Medical Care North America facilities between 1 Janua... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.402243971824646,
-0.92563396692276,
1.4182085990905762
] |
['To assess the degree of myocardial fibrosis in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA).', 'Twenty-five patients with PA and 12 age-matched healthy volunteers underwent cine and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on a 1.5 T MR system. From volume-time curves of cine MRI, the time for d... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.855098843574524,
-1.5434534549713135,
2.4372682571411133
] |
['The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of anemia in outpatients with chronic heart failure attending specialized heart failure clinics and specifically to investigate its prognostic utility in patients with severe renal dysfunction or advanced heart failure.', 'Anemia is an independent prognostic... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.1802176237106323,
-1.476036787033081,
1.7097454071044922
] |
['The ability of the third-generation FloTrac/Vigileo software to track changes in cardiac index (CI) induced by volume expansion and norepinephrine in critically ill patients is unknown.', 'In subjects with circulatory failure, we administered volume expansion (20 subjects) and increased (20 subjects) or decreased (20... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-0.5816443562507629,
-1.7584151029586792,
1.4340474605560303
] |
['C/EBP homologous protein-10 (CHOP-10) is a novel developmentally regulated nuclear protein that emerges as a critical transcriptional integrator among pathways regulating differentiation, proliferation, and survival. In the present study, we analyzed the role of CHOP-10 in postnatal neovascularization.', 'Ischemia wa... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3187549114227295,
-1.3715167045593262,
2.6915106773376465
] |
['The role of Notch signaling in HPV-mediated transformation has been a long standing debate, as both tumor suppressive and oncogenic properties have been described. We examined whether the dual findings in literature may be explained by gene dosage effects and determined the relation with AP-1, a downstream target of ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4158341884613037,
-1.2657068967819214,
2.7603096961975098
] |
["The cellular activity of many factors and pathways is required to execute the complex replication cycle of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). To reveal these cellular components, several extensive RNAi screens have been performed, listing numerous 'HIV-dependency factors'. However, only a small overlap ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.560938596725464,
-0.9221709966659546,
2.576704740524292
] |
['Campylobacter is the leading cause of foodborne diseases worldwide. Bacteriophages (phages) are naturally occurring predators of bacteria, ubiquitous in the environment, with high host specificity and thus considered an appealing option to control bacterial pathogens. Nevertheless for an effective use of phages as an... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.443528652191162,
-0.9942479729652405,
2.66666316986084
] |
['D-Serine, the endogenous co-agonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, has been recognized as an important gliotransmitter in the mammalian brain. D-serine has been shown to prevent psychostimulant-induced decrease in hippocampal neurogenesis. However, the mechanism whereby D-serine regulates neurogenesis has ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.472703456878662,
-1.1130287647247314,
2.6275980472564697
] |
['Traditionally, pathology reports have been textual, with a high degree of variability. In part, they miss some of the information needed, e.g. for therapy decisions. To meet all requirements, it would be helpful to have a tool providing reminders of the necessary data and facilitating the transfer of these data into ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.9697086811065674,
-1.4004676342010498,
2.456045389175415
] |
['This study aimed to define factors associated with relapse among responders to pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) plus ribavirin (RBV) therapy in chronic hepatitis C.', 'A cohort of genotype 1b chronic hepatitis C patients treated with PEG-IFN plus RBV and who had an undetectable HCV RNA by week 12 (n=951) were randomly ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.3316136598587036,
-1.5847464799880981,
1.9289146661758423
] |
['Determine whether depression screen results are consistent across successive pregnancies.', 'The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was administered in 2 successive pregnancies to 2116 women. A woman was "screen-positive" if she scored ≥ 12 at 24-28 weeks\' or 6-weeks\' postpartum. Screen-positive women were assess... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 1 | [
-0.6787077188491821,
0.008589720353484154,
-0.06138363480567932
] |
['To investigate the protective effect of honokiol, a phytochemical used in traditional medicine, on testicular injury after torsion/detorsion (T/D) in a rat model. Testicular torsion is a medical emergency that can cause impairment of semen quality and permanent testicular atrophy or loss.', 'Male Wistar rats were ran... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3411319255828857,
-1.3839330673217773,
2.7706589698791504
] |
["To evaluate the use of the Wilms' tumour gene (WT1) marker and histomorphological parameters as indicators of prognosis in malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM).", 'Histological samples of 31 MPM were stained immunohistochemically for the WT1 protein. The results were quantified by recording the number of stained n... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.754073977470398,
-1.6122143268585205,
2.3758320808410645
] |
['Hepatitis is often associated with the overexpression of various adhesion molecules. In particular, intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), which is expressed on hepatic endothelial cells (HECs) in the early stage of inflammation, is involved in serious illnesses. Therefore, ICAM-1 suppression in HECs enables the... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5042569637298584,
-1.2710660696029663,
2.7799832820892334
] |
['Caenorhabditis elegans provides a genetically tractable model organism to investigate the network of genes involved in fat metabolism and how regulation is perturbed to produce the complex phenotype of obesity. C. elegans possess the full range of desaturases, including the Δ9 desaturases expressed by fat-5, fat-6 an... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5524380207061768,
-1.1120928525924683,
2.7594099044799805
] |
['We sought to identify candidate serum biomarkers for the detection and surveillance of EOC. Based on RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis of patient-derived tumors, highly expressed secreted proteins were identified using a bioinformatic approach.', "RNA-Seq was used to quantify papillary serous ovarian cancer transcriptom... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.8237169981002808,
-1.5827178955078125,
2.3920624256134033
] |
['Maternal employment has been cited as a barrier to continued breastfeeding, yet there have been few studies identifying company breastfeeding support.', 'The study objectives were to develop and pilot an instrument that measures formal breastfeeding support in companies.', 'A survey of company breastfeeding supports ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 1 | [
-1.515389323234558,
0.5369351506233215,
0.08124865591526031
] |
['The R620W variant in protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor 22 (PTPN22) is associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The PTPN22 gene has alternatively spliced transcripts and at least two of the splice forms have been confirmed to encode different PTPN22 (LYP) proteins, but detailed information regarding expressi... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.2894399166107178,
-1.2735257148742676,
2.547022819519043
] |
['Anemia is common among patients with type 2 diabetes. We determined whether type 2 diabetic patients significantly differed in erythrocyte mechanical fragility as compared with nondiabetic subjects.', 'We recruited 25 Caucasian patients with type 2 diabetes (14 men and 11 women; mean age 58±8 years) and 25 age-, race... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.9033409357070923,
-1.4495513439178467,
2.426273822784424
] |
['Hair follicle (HF) regeneration begins when signals from the mesenchyme-derived dermal papilla cells (DPC) reach multipotent epidermal stem cells in the bulge region. Wnt/β-catenin signalling is known to affect mammalian hair growth positively. In androgenetic alopecia (AGA), androgens cause HF miniaturization throug... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.5271072387695312,
-1.2379319667816162,
2.788391590118408
] |
['Brain edema as a result of secondary injury following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major clinical concern. Neutrophils are known to cause increased vascular permeability leading to edema formation in peripheral tissue, but their role in the pathology following TBI remains unclear.', "In this study we used contro... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.2111570835113525,
-1.345764398574829,
2.5917747020721436
] |
['Obesity is closely associated with muscle insulin resistance and is a major risk factor for the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Regular physical activity not only prevents obesity, but also considerably improves insulin sensitivity and skeletal muscle metabolism. We sought to establish and characterise an in vitro m... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.7836532592773438,
-0.6045151948928833,
2.4622440338134766
] |
['Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is known to mobilize endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from bone marrow. EPCs reportedly promote neovascularization and participate in the repair of lung structure in adult animals.', 'We tested the hypothesis that G-CSF contributes to alveolar growth by increasing the ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4654958248138428,
-1.0739041566848755,
2.5407514572143555
] |
['Research in bovine lactation has demonstrated that milk produced by a mammary gland displaying inflammation-based symptoms of mastitis has increased levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) compared with milk produced by a contralateral asymptomatic gland. However, the effects of mastitis on lipid classes in milk have not b... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.3124945163726807,
-0.9207084774971008,
2.256409168243408
] |
['Hypercapnic acidosis often occurs in critically ill patients and during protective mechanical ventilation; however, the effect of hypercapnic acidosis on endogenous nitric oxide (NO) production and hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) presents conflicting results. The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis t... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.6547802686691284,
-1.595289707183838,
2.2200241088867188
] |
['Malignant pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) is a very rarely encountered tumor in the normal population.', 'To investigate the variations in incidence of MPM in Southeast region of Turkey.', 'We retrospectively investigated the data of 161 MPM patients who were diagnosed from January 2000 to December 2009. The residential a... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 0 | [
0.34145691990852356,
0.26477721333503723,
-1.2777881622314453
] |
['The typicality effect is present in neurologically intact populations for natural, ad-hoc, and well-defined categories. Although sparse, there is evidence of typicality effects in persons with chronic stroke aphasia for natural and ad-hoc categories. However, it is unknown exactly what influences the typicality effec... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.9851962327957153,
0.1987474262714386,
0.8942831158638
] |
['Excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) is required for the repair of platinum-induced DNA damage. This study sought to assess the prognostic value of ERCC1 expression, measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using a highly specific antibody, in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients treated w... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.8750741481781006,
-1.5841974020004272,
2.486255168914795
] |
["What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) is a risk factor for prostate cancer (PCa), but only multifocality is an indication for early rebiopsy. Other risk factors for PCa development from HGPIN remain unknown. PCa is related to testosterone. Tes... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.24054217338562,
-1.3367887735366821,
2.564750909805298
] |
['Systemic chemotherapy is the major treatment modality for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) liver metastases. We investigated the effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) treatment, which has not been well explored in this disease.', 'One-hundred and thirty-four cases of NPC with liver metastases treated with chem... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.954316258430481,
-1.4919836521148682,
2.502349853515625
] |
['Spot 42 was discovered in Escherichia coli nearly 40 years ago as an abundant, small and unstable RNA. Its biological role has remained obscure until recently, and is today implicated in having broader roles in the central and secondary metabolism. Spot 42 is encoded by the spf gene. The gene is ubiquitous in the Vib... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4108920097351074,
-0.7232457399368286,
2.203989267349243
] |
['To analyze the expression patterns of CD105 and Ki67 in human epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and to evaluate the clinical significance of these two markers in the progression and prognosis in EOC.', 'The CD105 and Ki67 protein expression patterns in paraffin-embedded specimens gathered from 166 patients with EOC wer... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.264857530593872,
-1.654600977897644,
1.906955361366272
] |
['Screening of mutations in the fibrillin-1 (FBN1) gene in a Chinese family with autosomal dominant Marfan syndrome (MFS).', 'It has been reported that FBN1 mutations account for approximately 90% of Autosomal Dominant MFS. FBN1 mutations were analyzed in a Chinese family of 36 members including 13 MFS patients. The ge... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.289097309112549,
-0.9707761406898499,
2.3536014556884766
] |
['For peer review of teaching to be credible and reliable, peer raters must be trained to identify and measure teaching behaviors accurately. Peer rater training, therefore, must be based on expert-derived rating standards of teaching performance. The authors sought to establish precise lecture rating standards for use... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 1 | [
-1.588579773902893,
1.127411961555481,
-0.2605370283126831
] |
['We investigated whether the whole-body metabolic tumour volume (WBMTV) measured by (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) can improve the prediction of prognosis in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC).', 'We reviewed 106 consecutive patients (mean age 67 years... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.419979453086853,
-1.681455373764038,
2.126253128051758
] |
['Multiple and intensive demand measures in Scotland have appreciably enhanced prescribing efficiency for proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and statins in 2007 versus 2001. Statin utilization enhanced by measures to increase doses prescribed, including the Quality and Outcome Framework (QoF).', 'Ascertain whether the pleth... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.829140067100525,
-0.6908338665962219,
1.591778039932251
] |
["Cardiac patients with Type D ('distressed') personality perceive more stress. It is unclear to what extent Type D personality might represent deficits in emotion regulation that are known to play an important role in the development of mental disorders. This study evaluated the relationship between emotion regulation... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.8058274984359741,
-0.1430535763502121,
1.0216096639633179
] |
['\u2002 A low ankle-brachial index (ABI) is predictive of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). For unknown reasons, patients with PAD demonstrate higher vascular mortality during follow-up than do those without. Initial stroke severity is a strong predictor of long-term outcome and may be different between patients with... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.6465083360671997,
-1.305253267288208,
2.0227999687194824
] |
['To describe visual acuity (VA) and inflammation following cataract surgery in eyes with noninfectious posterior uveitis (NIPU) that were being treated with a fluocinolone acetonide (FA) intravitreal implant compared with those that were not.', 'Post hoc, subgroup analysis of data from a 3-year, dose-masked, randomize... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.7286893129348755,
-1.5811119079589844,
2.354137420654297
] |
["Embryonic ectoderm development (EED) protein is involved in multiple cellular protein complexes. EED mediates the repression of gene activity through histone deacetylation, and it may act as a specific regulator of integrin's function. This gene was identified as a candidate gene for the susceptibility to IBD by our ... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.1063077449798584,
-1.4562159776687622,
2.5504398345947266
] |
['Aberrant expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been detected in pancreatic cancer; however, the mechanisms of EGFR in inducing pancreatic cancer development have not been adequately elucidated. The objective of this study was to determine the role of EGFR in mediating epithelial-mesenchymal transi... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4537389278411865,
-1.3452929258346558,
2.8512654304504395
] |
['Acute liver failure (ALF) is characterized by impaired regeneration of hepatocytes, partially resulting from the defective signaling between elevated levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and the downregulation of its receptor, c-met.', 'In this study, we assess the therapeutic efficacy of in vivo c-met gene trans... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.168207883834839,
-1.3988964557647705,
2.5478146076202393
] |
['Vascular disease states are associated with endothelial dysfunction and increased production of reactive oxygen species derived from NADPH oxidases. However, it remains unclear whether a primary increase in superoxide production specifically in the endothelium alters the initiation or progression of atherosclerosis.'... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-2.4408750534057617,
-1.3631439208984375,
2.8509318828582764
] |
['Various studies have shown that spine stabilisation exercise therapy elicits improvements in symptoms/disability in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain (cLBP). However, few have corroborated the intended mechanism of action by examining whether clinical improvements (1) are greater in patients with funct... | qiaojin/PubMedQA | 2 | [
-1.8033796548843384,
-1.4865031242370605,
2.3121776580810547
] |
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