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**Autumn Nash:** Like, I'm at two cups of coffee and I still can't focus. ADHD. We're just gonna be here for like --
**Justin Garrison:** Does coffee help you focus? I don't think so.
**Autumn Nash:** It does...
**Jon Johnson:** You need some tea, maybe.
**Justin Garrison:** There you go. See, Jon's dropping the wisdom.
**Autumn Nash:** Don't be on his side.
**Justin Garrison:** So Jon, what do you do?
**Jon Johnson:** What do I do? I do container things at Chainguard. In a previous life I did a lot of container things at Google... But that entails, say, building, debugging, publishing, serving etc. of containers and all of our various container tools.
**Justin Garrison:** What software are you responsible for?
**Jon Johnson:** A lot. So I am responsible for the Chainguard registry at cgr.dev, and our build tooling, both Apko and Melange... I am responsible for Go Container Registry stuff, and the Google library, and also the Crane CLI that is derived from Go Container Registry... I'm responsible for the co-build tool for bui...
**Autumn Nash:** I feel that.
**Justin Garrison:** If it has Go in it, if it has container in it, Jon's probably touched it.
**Jon Johnson:** I have touched most to container Go things, yes, I think. Even if you talk about Containerd, Docker, or even the Red Hat ecosystem of container tooling, I think my name is somewhere in that commit blog somewhere.
**Justin Garrison:** And when you reached out, we were talking about coming on the show, it was like you were talking about tars. The container's base is three tars in a trench coat. And that's it.
**Jon Johnson:** So earlier today I was coming up with jokes for the show, and I thought I'd come up with that. I was like "Oh, I'm gonna say it's like three gzips in a trench coat." And then I open this, I was like "Oh, Justin made this joke already to me." And I was devastated.
**Justin Garrison:** \[laughs\] It's collaborative. It's fine. I'm pretty sure you probably said something along those lines in the email, so we're good.
**Autumn Nash:** So you guys work on your dad jokes ahead of time? You don't just come with them?
**Justin Garrison:** These are planned. Oh, yeah.
**Autumn Nash:** I felt like I've been lied to. That's like you just told me Santa's real. Those like dad jokes don't just like live?
**Justin Garrison:** I mean, my second joke was a mistake. So... Unplanned.
**Jon Johnson:** You know, you practice... And then they come out naturally.
**Justin Garrison:** You're waiting for the moment. You have a backlog, and you're just like "Oh, is now the time?" And you're like "No, not at the funeral. That's not the time."
**Autumn Nash:** My kids have started telling dad jokes, and I'm like "You're too young for this stuff."
**Jon Johnson:** You have to start them early...
**Justin Garrison:** So about tars and gzips. Explain to us -- I mean, you're you've been doing so much stuff with registries, and you're either packing or unpacking gzips over and over again, in pretty much every situation, right?
**Jon Johnson:** Yes. I do have -- I have a small confession to make, is that I'm here mostly because of the episode you had with Jason... And I want to correct the record on something he said.
**Justin Garrison:** Oh, okay. Here we go.
**Jon Johnson:** So first of all, I was very excited that he was coming on the podcast, because he's way more eloquent than I am, and has a lot of more interesting things to say... But when I listened to it, I was devastated that when you asked him "Was there any surprises from moving to Terraform?", that he totally di...
**Autumn Nash:** Did you side-eye him in like your next one on one, and you were just like...
**Jon Johnson:** \[22:09\] No. I gave y'all $10. So it made it into the Changelog Plus Plus bonus content at the end, where I get named-dropped... So I was like "Oh..." So now I've been baited into being a Changelog Plus Plus subscriber.
**Justin Garrison:** We will mention your name. Anyone that wants to send $10...
**Autumn Nash:** I love how out of vanity, he was like "Look, I'm gonna find my name in here somewhere..."
**Jon Johnson:** Surely. So he said "No, I did talk about it." So I got it. I was very excited. I paid $10 to listen to someone talk about me... And then he missed the numbers. So like... Um, flashback to Changelog Plus Plus content, I guess, is that Jason made this claim that we were spending something like 30% of our...
**Autumn Nash:** Good Lord...
**Jon Johnson:** The reason I remember this so distinctly is that once I had figured this out, our GitHub Actions, which were timing out after an hour, took 15 minutes. And so we were spending three quarters of the time just marshalling and unmarshalling JSON.
**Autumn Nash:** Someone At Hashi get this though on a commercial, or like a testimonial for your next talk...
**Jon Johnson:** Right?
**Justin Garrison:** So wait... So originally, you were sending these giant JSON blobs in and out of packaging container -- is that where the JSON was coming from? Where was this coming from?
**Jon Johnson:** No. So this was just TerraForm state files. And so basically, every state transition incurred serializing the entire state, and then like diffing it, and then saving that. And then the next step would load it from disk. And so our state files were tens of megabytes at one point.
**Justin Garrison:** Wow. That's a big state file.
**Autumn Nash:** That's also a lot of overhead cost of storing all of it...
**Jon Johnson:** Yeah, yeah. Well, you end up throwing it away immediately.
**Justin Garrison:** Yeah. It's ephemeral.
**Jon Johnson:** Right. So what is funny is that I did all this work to figure that out...
**Autumn Nash:** He's making the Justin face... What are you thinking?
1:Oh, God. I'm just listening. I'm trying to figure, like --
**Autumn Nash:** His face was the best. I was like "Oh no, something's in there..."
**Jon Johnson:** So I did -- I spent weeks basically figuring this out, and figuring out how to fix this... And I found a bunch of to-do's in like the TerraForm codebase about this, and I to-did them...
**Autumn Nash:** To-did them... I'm using that.
**Justin Garrison:** The Git commit right there. "To-did all of the to-do's."