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**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** Sure. Yeah, because it changes then as well. I mean, your seven-year-old story when you were seven, as told by your seven-year-old self is very different than possibly telling the story of your seven-year-old self as a 25 year old versus on and on. |
**Adam Stacoviak:** Yeah, especially because my concerns as a 25-year-old is way different than when I was seven, but it was still the same me, but not the same me; different brain, different abilities brain-wise... However, I had different concerns. G.I. Joes were a really big deal to me when I was seven, and if I los... |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** Yeah, that's super significant, and recognizing that the stories we tell ourselves too really make a difference in how we feel. It's so interesting, even going back to-- I think of your four-word sentence, and mine is, "Tell me more." What was yours? How-- |
**Adam Stacoviak:** How do you mean? |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** How do you mean, right? There's a way that people associate things that they're not aware that they're associating, and that these are just stories that they've told themselves, either about who they are, what they can do or where they're going to go, which then affect how they interface with ... |
**Adam Stacoviak:** Yeah, totally. This is so fascinating to me, just how wrapped up we can be in stories. I think of it like Star Wars, for example. It's just a crazy big story, but once you understand the bigger context, the universe even that can come from a big story, you can continue to expand upon it. There's som... |
Same thing with Marvel, and I'm thinking these big universes, this Marvel, gigantic universe of all these different characters come into play, and you've got these little mini characters... That's an example of how big storytelling can be, because you care about, let's say, Infinity War or Endgame more because you watc... |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** \[20:03\] Yeah, but so if I can flip the lens for just a second, I want to move what you just said over into literally people in our world. There's you and I, and we're just small potatoes amidst the entirety of the people within the world, and recognizing that our stories matter and can have ... |
My husband is fabulous at doing this for me, but when I worked in this office when I lived in Texas, he just always reminded me about all the other players that allowed me to do my job. So I remember walking in and being grateful all the time that my trash was empty. It might seem super-petty, but that somebody, somebo... |
**Adam Stacoviak:** Well, I came into work today and the electricity still worked, the internet was still there... Somehow the internet was still there. All these people make the internet, not only the infrastructure, all the necessary hub spots between my IP address to other IP addresses to hit these servers... All th... |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** Yeah, and so one of the things that researchers have found when it comes to stories that I think is so important for people to know is that ironically, language - and I don't know if there's a dialect - doesn't matter. The power of stories is universal. So these researchers at USC found these ... |
**Adam Stacoviak:** Well, this drives at what really drives drove me to want to produce this show in the first place, was that while there's so much that divides us, there's significant that unites us. You have the same human brain I have. We may be different gender, we may be different color, we may be from different ... |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** \[23:47\] Right, right, yeah. So in the case of each of these languages, what the researchers found was that they resulted in these unique patterns of activations in what we call the default mode network of our brains. This network engages interconnected brain regions including the medial pref... |
And so additional studies, including this one, suggests that this default mode network is actually working behind the scenes, while the brain is at rest, but it continues to find meaning in the story, and it serves as an autobiographical memory retrieval that influences how our brain relates to the past, the future, ou... |
**Adam Stacoviak:** Like a big old memory cake. |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** Right. So look at that, Adam - you even said it before I said it with the research. |
**Adam Stacoviak:** Well, sure, because I'm so smart. \[laughter\] No, I mean, it would make sense. I mean, we all have emotion. Emotions are involved with memory. I do find it extremely fascinating that regardless of language in scenarios here that our brains seem to take in narrative and storytelling in memory, and t... |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** Yeah, right? I talked about relationship is sort of like overlapping circles. Not that they fully overlap like eclipse, but that there are these areas which in people cooperate and both negotiate that, and what stories do is really help create that opportunity to relate better. I see you, you ... |
**Adam Stacoviak:** Right leg first. |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** \[laughs\] Yeah. So imagine the way in which that establishes a different foundation with which you can move towards another person. So given this, stories also help change our attitudes, which in turn, leads to changing our response. Ideally, that's learning, because if I'm aware of my attitu... |
**Adam Stacoviak:** What's a quick example of or definition of attitude from a psychological standpoint? |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** It's funny... You say that and I just think about one of my children. When I parent and I'm always like, "It's not what you're doing, it's the attitude you have while you're doing it that you're in trouble for..." \[laughs\] |
**Adam Stacoviak:** Great. |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** But the attitude is, to some degree, the emotion and intangible way in which I make sense of information. I have to talk about attitude as having an emotional component, because I can say, in the same way, "It's fine and I'm okay", or my attitude is like, "IT'S FINE", and that has a little bit... |
**Adam Stacoviak:** \[28:10\] I'm gonna google it, and I will read the definition, which is what I'm going to do now, because-- |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** Of course you would. |
**Adam Stacoviak:** Well, my first thought -- I'll give my Adam take on it and then I'll give the Google take on it. So the Adam take was more like demeanor towards a scenario or a person or a thing, which just requires more digging, because what does demeanor mean...? That's why I turned towards and got stuck on expla... |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** Oh, I love that. Yeah. |
**Adam Stacoviak:** Yeah. So I think mental status is key there, because it's like "How am I thinking? Am I exhausted? Am I frantic? Am I perfectly fine and calm?" It's like a positioning. How am I pointing? Am I pointing in a negative way towards this thing or scenario, or a positive way? So attitude is adjustment, my... |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** Right. So given that, it would make sense to talk about biases in relation to this, right? Because we all have our biases, and that very much can be based on what our experiences have been up to this point in our lives. |
**Adam Stacoviak:** Well, I can only understand what I understand. And what I understand is what I've learned, and what I've learned is from my experience. So it's not as if you lead your life in a way that you have understanding of all. You can really only live a life and have an attitude towards things as per your ex... |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** Yeah. So we need to be thoughtful around what our biases might be, which could affect intergroup attitudes and our social identity. And that's not good or bad, right or wrong. It just is. But without the awareness, I then limit or restrict my ability to respond to other people. |
**Adam Stacoviak:** What about the unspoken? I can begin to-- you could judge me by my coffee. |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** Sure. |
**Adam Stacoviak:** No one sees this, but we have video, so I'm showing her my coffee cup. It's gigantic. It says "Coffee for one." |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** Yes. |
**Adam Stacoviak:** My wife got it for me, and she knows that I drink a lot of coffee. I don't want to go back for a bunch of small cups; I want one big cup, and even if it gets a little cold at the end, I might be upset, but I'm still happy there's coffee there... So that's me. So you can you can pre-judge a bit about... |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** Sure. |
**Adam Stacoviak:** So if you were there face to face, you can begin to judge a lot of other things about me, which-- does that attribute to a bias? This pre-judgment-- is that a bias? Is that the same thing? Are they interconnected? Are they the same thing? |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** Well, I think if I'm talking about social identities, how I see myself, how I see others - yeah. Because I could say people with, I don't know, big cups of coffee - I can make inferences and say that they're not very smart. |
**Adam Stacoviak:** Sure. |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** Or they can't count words and sentences. |
**Adam Stacoviak:** Sure. But would that be accurate? You can say that. I could do those things, okay? I can say big words. I have big words. |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** \[laughs\] Right? |
**Adam Stacoviak:** I'm just kidding... I'm defending myself here... Whatever. It's funny. I like this. |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** \[31:57\] But - right, just because we can't see our biases or our attitudes, it doesn't mean they aren't there. I mean, I've talked about this in other episodes with having worked in South Central, L.A, and with gang prevention program, and I really had a bias. I mean, give me some grace... I... |
**Adam Stacoviak:** Well, you can't help your bias, to some degree. You can be aware of it and understand the change necessary. |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** Well, but that's how you change it. |
**Adam Stacoviak:** Right. Right, exactly. Awareness is key. |
**Mireille Reece, PsyD:** Yes, and so it doesn't mean that those thoughts or reactions don't still pop up, but you can then respond to them differently, and that's where the learning takes place, because you're like, "Oh, yep, I see you. I know where that came from, but that doesn't really hold much validity in this co... |
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