Unnamed: 0
int64
0
41k
title
stringlengths
4
274
category
stringlengths
5
18
summary
stringlengths
22
3.66k
theme
stringclasses
8 values
1,900
Deep Captioning with Multimodal Recurrent Neural Networks (m-RNN)
cs.CV
In this paper, we present a multimodal Recurrent Neural Network (m-RNN) model for generating novel image captions. It directly models the probability distribution of generating a word given previous words and an image. Image captions are generated by sampling from this distribution. The model consists of two sub-networ...
computer science
1,901
Combining Language and Vision with a Multimodal Skip-gram Model
cs.CL
We extend the SKIP-GRAM model of Mikolov et al. (2013a) by taking visual information into account. Like SKIP-GRAM, our multimodal models (MMSKIP-GRAM) build vector-based word representations by learning to predict linguistic contexts in text corpora. However, for a restricted set of words, the models are also exposed t...
computer science
1,902
Learning like a Child: Fast Novel Visual Concept Learning from Sentence Descriptions of Images
cs.CV
In this paper, we address the task of learning novel visual concepts, and their interactions with other concepts, from a few images with sentence descriptions. Using linguistic context and visual features, our method is able to efficiently hypothesize the semantic meaning of new words and add them to its word dictionar...
computer science
1,903
Scheduled Sampling for Sequence Prediction with Recurrent Neural Networks
cs.LG
Recurrent Neural Networks can be trained to produce sequences of tokens given some input, as exemplified by recent results in machine translation and image captioning. The current approach to training them consists of maximizing the likelihood of each token in the sequence given the current (recurrent) state and the pr...
computer science
1,904
Generation and Comprehension of Unambiguous Object Descriptions
cs.CV
We propose a method that can generate an unambiguous description (known as a referring expression) of a specific object or region in an image, and which can also comprehend or interpret such an expression to infer which object is being described. We show that our method outperforms previous methods that generate descri...
computer science
1,905
Grounding of Textual Phrases in Images by Reconstruction
cs.CV
Grounding (i.e. localizing) arbitrary, free-form textual phrases in visual content is a challenging problem with many applications for human-computer interaction and image-text reference resolution. Few datasets provide the ground truth spatial localization of phrases, thus it is desirable to learn from data with no or...
computer science
1,906
Sherlock: Scalable Fact Learning in Images
cs.CV
We study scalable and uniform understanding of facts in images. Existing visual recognition systems are typically modeled differently for each fact type such as objects, actions, and interactions. We propose a setting where all these facts can be modeled simultaneously with a capacity to understand unbounded number of ...
computer science
1,907
Yin and Yang: Balancing and Answering Binary Visual Questions
cs.CL
The complex compositional structure of language makes problems at the intersection of vision and language challenging. But language also provides a strong prior that can result in good superficial performance, without the underlying models truly understanding the visual content. This can hinder progress in pushing stat...
computer science
1,908
Image Question Answering using Convolutional Neural Network with Dynamic Parameter Prediction
cs.CV
We tackle image question answering (ImageQA) problem by learning a convolutional neural network (CNN) with a dynamic parameter layer whose weights are determined adaptively based on questions. For the adaptive parameter prediction, we employ a separate parameter prediction network, which consists of gated recurrent uni...
computer science
1,909
Learning Deep Structure-Preserving Image-Text Embeddings
cs.CV
This paper proposes a method for learning joint embeddings of images and text using a two-branch neural network with multiple layers of linear projections followed by nonlinearities. The network is trained using a large margin objective that combines cross-view ranking constraints with within-view neighborhood structur...
computer science
1,910
Order-Embeddings of Images and Language
cs.LG
Hypernymy, textual entailment, and image captioning can be seen as special cases of a single visual-semantic hierarchy over words, sentences, and images. In this paper we advocate for explicitly modeling the partial order structure of this hierarchy. Towards this goal, we introduce a general method for learning ordered...
computer science
1,911
Zero-Shot Event Detection by Multimodal Distributional Semantic Embedding of Videos
cs.CV
We propose a new zero-shot Event Detection method by Multi-modal Distributional Semantic embedding of videos. Our model embeds object and action concepts as well as other available modalities from videos into a distributional semantic space. To our knowledge, this is the first Zero-Shot event detection model that is bu...
computer science
1,912
We Are Humor Beings: Understanding and Predicting Visual Humor
cs.CV
Humor is an integral part of human lives. Despite being tremendously impactful, it is perhaps surprising that we do not have a detailed understanding of humor yet. As interactions between humans and AI systems increase, it is imperative that these systems are taught to understand subtleties of human expressions such as...
computer science
1,913
Write a Classifier: Predicting Visual Classifiers from Unstructured Text
cs.CV
People typically learn through exposure to visual concepts associated with linguistic descriptions. For instance, teaching visual object categories to children is often accompanied by descriptions in text or speech. In a machine learning context, these observations motivates us to ask whether this learning process coul...
computer science
1,914
Deep Learning Applied to Image and Text Matching
cs.LG
The ability to describe images with natural language sentences is the hallmark for image and language understanding. Such a system has wide ranging applications such as annotating images and using natural sentences to search for images.In this project we focus on the task of bidirectional image retrieval: such asystem ...
computer science
1,915
Generate Image Descriptions based on Deep RNN and Memory Cells for Images Features
cs.CV
Generating natural language descriptions for images is a challenging task. The traditional way is to use the convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract image features, followed by recurrent neural network (RNN) to generate sentences. In this paper, we present a new model that added memory cells to gate the feeding o...
computer science
1,916
Audio Visual Emotion Recognition with Temporal Alignment and Perception Attention
cs.CV
This paper focuses on two key problems for audio-visual emotion recognition in the video. One is the audio and visual streams temporal alignment for feature level fusion. The other one is locating and re-weighting the perception attentions in the whole audio-visual stream for better recognition. The Long Short Term Mem...
computer science
1,917
Towards Multi-Agent Communication-Based Language Learning
cs.CL
We propose an interactive multimodal framework for language learning. Instead of being passively exposed to large amounts of natural text, our learners (implemented as feed-forward neural networks) engage in cooperative referential games starting from a tabula rasa setup, and thus develop their own language from the ne...
computer science
1,918
Review Networks for Caption Generation
cs.LG
We propose a novel extension of the encoder-decoder framework, called a review network. The review network is generic and can enhance any existing encoder- decoder model: in this paper, we consider RNN decoders with both CNN and RNN encoders. The review network performs a number of review steps with attention mechanism...
computer science
1,919
Stacking With Auxiliary Features
cs.CL
Ensembling methods are well known for improving prediction accuracy. However, they are limited in the sense that they cannot discriminate among component models effectively. In this paper, we propose stacking with auxiliary features that learns to fuse relevant information from multiple systems to improve performance. ...
computer science
1,920
Attention Correctness in Neural Image Captioning
cs.CV
Attention mechanisms have recently been introduced in deep learning for various tasks in natural language processing and computer vision. But despite their popularity, the "correctness" of the implicitly-learned attention maps has only been assessed qualitatively by visualization of several examples. In this paper we f...
computer science
1,921
Question Relevance in VQA: Identifying Non-Visual And False-Premise Questions
cs.CV
Visual Question Answering (VQA) is the task of answering natural-language questions about images. We introduce the novel problem of determining the relevance of questions to images in VQA. Current VQA models do not reason about whether a question is even related to the given image (e.g. What is the capital of Argentina...
computer science
1,922
Learning Concept Taxonomies from Multi-modal Data
cs.CL
We study the problem of automatically building hypernym taxonomies from textual and visual data. Previous works in taxonomy induction generally ignore the increasingly prominent visual data, which encode important perceptual semantics. Instead, we propose a probabilistic model for taxonomy induction by jointly leveragi...
computer science
1,923
The KIT Motion-Language Dataset
cs.RO
Linking human motion and natural language is of great interest for the generation of semantic representations of human activities as well as for the generation of robot activities based on natural language input. However, while there have been years of research in this area, no standardized and openly available dataset...
computer science
1,924
LipNet: End-to-End Sentence-level Lipreading
cs.LG
Lipreading is the task of decoding text from the movement of a speaker's mouth. Traditional approaches separated the problem into two stages: designing or learning visual features, and prediction. More recent deep lipreading approaches are end-to-end trainable (Wand et al., 2016; Chung & Zisserman, 2016a). However, exi...
computer science
1,925
Audio Visual Speech Recognition using Deep Recurrent Neural Networks
cs.CV
In this work, we propose a training algorithm for an audio-visual automatic speech recognition (AV-ASR) system using deep recurrent neural network (RNN).First, we train a deep RNN acoustic model with a Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) objective function. The frame labels obtained from the acoustic model are ...
computer science
1,926
Statistical Learning for OCR Text Correction
cs.CV
The accuracy of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is crucial to the success of subsequent applications used in text analyzing pipeline. Recent models of OCR post-processing significantly improve the quality of OCR-generated text, but are still prone to suggest correction candidates from limited observations while ins...
computer science
1,927
Semantic Compositional Networks for Visual Captioning
cs.CV
A Semantic Compositional Network (SCN) is developed for image captioning, in which semantic concepts (i.e., tags) are detected from the image, and the probability of each tag is used to compose the parameters in a long short-term memory (LSTM) network. The SCN extends each weight matrix of the LSTM to an ensemble of ta...
computer science
1,928
Training and Evaluating Multimodal Word Embeddings with Large-scale Web Annotated Images
cs.LG
In this paper, we focus on training and evaluating effective word embeddings with both text and visual information. More specifically, we introduce a large-scale dataset with 300 million sentences describing over 40 million images crawled and downloaded from publicly available Pins (i.e. an image with sentence descript...
computer science
1,929
Deep Learning the Indus Script
cs.CV
Standardized corpora of undeciphered scripts, a necessary starting point for computational epigraphy, requires laborious human effort for their preparation from raw archaeological records. Automating this process through machine learning algorithms can be of significant aid to epigraphical research. Here, we take the f...
computer science
1,930
Learning Robust Visual-Semantic Embeddings
cs.CV
Many of the existing methods for learning joint embedding of images and text use only supervised information from paired images and its textual attributes. Taking advantage of the recent success of unsupervised learning in deep neural networks, we propose an end-to-end learning framework that is able to extract more ro...
computer science
1,931
Inferring and Executing Programs for Visual Reasoning
cs.CV
Existing methods for visual reasoning attempt to directly map inputs to outputs using black-box architectures without explicitly modeling the underlying reasoning processes. As a result, these black-box models often learn to exploit biases in the data rather than learning to perform visual reasoning. Inspired by module...
computer science
1,932
Better Text Understanding Through Image-To-Text Transfer
cs.CL
Generic text embeddings are successfully used in a variety of tasks. However, they are often learnt by capturing the co-occurrence structure from pure text corpora, resulting in limitations of their ability to generalize. In this paper, we explore models that incorporate visual information into the text representation....
computer science
1,933
Emergence of Language with Multi-agent Games: Learning to Communicate with Sequences of Symbols
cs.LG
Learning to communicate through interaction, rather than relying on explicit supervision, is often considered a prerequisite for developing a general AI. We study a setting where two agents engage in playing a referential game and, from scratch, develop a communication protocol necessary to succeed in this game. Unlike...
computer science
1,934
Modulating early visual processing by language
cs.CV
It is commonly assumed that language refers to high-level visual concepts while leaving low-level visual processing unaffected. This view dominates the current literature in computational models for language-vision tasks, where visual and linguistic input are mostly processed independently before being fused into a sin...
computer science
1,935
VSE++: Improving Visual-Semantic Embeddings with Hard Negatives
cs.LG
We present a new technique for learning visual-semantic embeddings for cross-modal retrieval. Inspired by the use of hard negatives in structured prediction, and ranking loss functions used in retrieval, we introduce a simple change to common loss functions used to learn multi-modal embeddings. That, combined with fine...
computer science
1,936
VQS: Linking Segmentations to Questions and Answers for Supervised Attention in VQA and Question-Focused Semantic Segmentation
cs.CV
Rich and dense human labeled datasets are among the main enabling factors for the recent advance on vision-language understanding. Many seemingly distant annotations (e.g., semantic segmentation and visual question answering (VQA)) are inherently connected in that they reveal different levels and perspectives of human ...
computer science
1,937
Self-Guiding Multimodal LSTM - when we do not have a perfect training dataset for image captioning
cs.CV
In this paper, a self-guiding multimodal LSTM (sg-LSTM) image captioning model is proposed to handle uncontrolled imbalanced real-world image-sentence dataset. We collect FlickrNYC dataset from Flickr as our testbed with 306,165 images and the original text descriptions uploaded by the users are utilized as the ground ...
computer science
1,938
Label Embedding Network: Learning Label Representation for Soft Training of Deep Networks
cs.LG
We propose a method, called Label Embedding Network, which can learn label representation (label embedding) during the training process of deep networks. With the proposed method, the label embedding is adaptively and automatically learned through back propagation. The original one-hot represented loss function is conv...
computer science
1,939
Language-Based Image Editing with Recurrent Attentive Models
cs.CV
We investigate the problem of Language-Based Image Editing (LBIE) in this work. Given a source image and a natural language description, we want to generate a target image by editing the source im- age based on the description. We propose a generic modeling framework for two sub-tasks of LBIE: language-based image segm...
computer science
1,940
Learning by Asking Questions
cs.CV
We introduce an interactive learning framework for the development and testing of intelligent visual systems, called learning-by-asking (LBA). We explore LBA in context of the Visual Question Answering (VQA) task. LBA differs from standard VQA training in that most questions are not observed during training time, and t...
computer science
1,941
Learning Modality-Invariant Representations for Speech and Images
cs.LG
In this paper, we explore the unsupervised learning of a semantic embedding space for co-occurring sensory inputs. Specifically, we focus on the task of learning a semantic vector space for both spoken and handwritten digits using the TIDIGITs and MNIST datasets. Current techniques encode image and audio/textual inputs...
computer science
1,942
Synthesizing Novel Pairs of Image and Text
cs.CV
Generating novel pairs of image and text is a problem that combines computer vision and natural language processing. In this paper, we present strategies for generating novel image and caption pairs based on existing captioning datasets. The model takes advantage of recent advances in generative adversarial networks an...
computer science
1,943
LSTM stack-based Neural Multi-sequence Alignment TeCHnique (NeuMATCH)
cs.CV
The alignment of heterogeneous sequential data (video to text) is an important and challenging problem. Standard techniques for such alignment, including Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) and Conditional Random Fields (CRFs), suffer from inherent drawbacks. Mainly, the Markov assumption implies that, given the immediate past,...
computer science
1,944
Machine Learning Markets
cs.AI
Prediction markets show considerable promise for developing flexible mechanisms for machine learning. Here, machine learning markets for multivariate systems are defined, and a utility-based framework is established for their analysis. This differs from the usual approach of defining static betting functions. It is sho...
computer science
1,945
Quantum Memristors in Quantum Photonics
cs.AI
We propose a method to build quantum memristors in quantum photonic platforms. We firstly design an effective beam splitter, which is tunable in real-time, by means of a Mach-Zehnder-type array with two equal 50:50 beam splitters and a tunable retarder, which allows us to control its reflectivity. Then, we show that th...
computer science
1,946
Computationally Efficient Target Classification in Multispectral Image Data with Deep Neural Networks
cs.CV
Detecting and classifying targets in video streams from surveillance cameras is a cumbersome, error-prone and expensive task. Often, the incurred costs are prohibitive for real-time monitoring. This leads to data being stored locally or transmitted to a central storage site for post-incident examination. The required c...
computer science
1,947
SE3-Pose-Nets: Structured Deep Dynamics Models for Visuomotor Planning and Control
cs.RO
In this work, we present an approach to deep visuomotor control using structured deep dynamics models. Our deep dynamics model, a variant of SE3-Nets, learns a low-dimensional pose embedding for visuomotor control via an encoder-decoder structure. Unlike prior work, our dynamics model is structured: given an input scen...
computer science
1,948
Fuzzy-Based Dialectical Non-Supervised Image Classification and Clustering
cs.CV
The materialist dialectical method is a philosophical investigative method to analyze aspects of reality. These aspects are viewed as complex processes composed by basic units named poles, which interact with each other. Dialectics has experienced considerable progress in the 19th century, with Hegel's dialectics and, ...
computer science
1,949
Chained Multi-stream Networks Exploiting Pose, Motion, and Appearance for Action Classification and Detection
cs.CV
General human action recognition requires understanding of various visual cues. In this paper, we propose a network architecture that computes and integrates the most important visual cues for action recognition: pose, motion, and the raw images. For the integration, we introduce a Markov chain model which adds cues su...
computer science
1,950
A semi-supervised fuzzy GrowCut algorithm to segment and classify regions of interest of mammographic images
cs.CV
According to the World Health Organization, breast cancer is the most common form of cancer in women. It is the second leading cause of death among women round the world, becoming the most fatal form of cancer. Mammographic image segmentation is a fundamental task to support image analysis and diagnosis, taking into ac...
computer science
1,951
AOSO-LogitBoost: Adaptive One-Vs-One LogitBoost for Multi-Class Problem
stat.ML
This paper presents an improvement to model learning when using multi-class LogitBoost for classification. Motivated by the statistical view, LogitBoost can be seen as additive tree regression. Two important factors in this setting are: 1) coupled classifier output due to a sum-to-zero constraint, and 2) the dense Hess...
computer science
1,952
Variational Gaussian Process Dynamical Systems
stat.ML
High dimensional time series are endemic in applications of machine learning such as robotics (sensor data), computational biology (gene expression data), vision (video sequences) and graphics (motion capture data). Practical nonlinear probabilistic approaches to this data are required. In this paper we introduce the v...
computer science
1,953
Managing sparsity, time, and quality of inference in topic models
stat.ML
Inference is an integral part of probabilistic topic models, but is often non-trivial to derive an efficient algorithm for a specific model. It is even much more challenging when we want to find a fast inference algorithm which always yields sparse latent representations of documents. In this article, we introduce a si...
computer science
1,954
Learning image representations tied to ego-motion
cs.CV
Understanding how images of objects and scenes behave in response to specific ego-motions is a crucial aspect of proper visual development, yet existing visual learning methods are conspicuously disconnected from the physical source of their images. We propose to exploit proprioceptive motor signals to provide unsuperv...
computer science
1,955
StackGAN: Text to Photo-realistic Image Synthesis with Stacked Generative Adversarial Networks
cs.CV
Synthesizing high-quality images from text descriptions is a challenging problem in computer vision and has many practical applications. Samples generated by existing text-to-image approaches can roughly reflect the meaning of the given descriptions, but they fail to contain necessary details and vivid object parts. In...
computer science
1,956
EnhanceNet: Single Image Super-Resolution Through Automated Texture Synthesis
cs.CV
Single image super-resolution is the task of inferring a high-resolution image from a single low-resolution input. Traditionally, the performance of algorithms for this task is measured using pixel-wise reconstruction measures such as peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) which have been shown to correlate poorly with the ...
computer science
1,957
Approximate Bayesian Image Interpretation using Generative Probabilistic Graphics Programs
cs.AI
The idea of computer vision as the Bayesian inverse problem to computer graphics has a long history and an appealing elegance, but it has proved difficult to directly implement. Instead, most vision tasks are approached via complex bottom-up processing pipelines. Here we show that it is possible to write short, simple ...
computer science
1,958
Inverse Graphics with Probabilistic CAD Models
cs.CV
Recently, multiple formulations of vision problems as probabilistic inversions of generative models based on computer graphics have been proposed. However, applications to 3D perception from natural images have focused on low-dimensional latent scenes, due to challenges in both modeling and inference. Accounting for th...
computer science
1,959
Estimating the intrinsic dimension in fMRI space via dataset fractal analysis - Counting the `cpu cores' of the human brain
cs.AI
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is a powerful non-invasive tool for localizing and analyzing brain activity. This study focuses on one very important aspect of the functional properties of human brain, specifically the estimation of the level of parallelism when performing complex cognitive tasks. Using fM...
computer science
1,960
An Ensemble-based System for Microaneurysm Detection and Diabetic Retinopathy Grading
cs.CV
Reliable microaneurysm detection in digital fundus images is still an open issue in medical image processing. We propose an ensemble-based framework to improve microaneurysm detection. Unlike the well-known approach of considering the output of multiple classifiers, we propose a combination of internal components of mi...
computer science
1,961
Cross-Domain Visual Matching via Generalized Similarity Measure and Feature Learning
cs.CV
Cross-domain visual data matching is one of the fundamental problems in many real-world vision tasks, e.g., matching persons across ID photos and surveillance videos. Conventional approaches to this problem usually involves two steps: i) projecting samples from different domains into a common space, and ii) computing (...
computer science
1,962
A Fast Factorization-based Approach to Robust PCA
cs.CV
Robust principal component analysis (RPCA) has been widely used for recovering low-rank matrices in many data mining and machine learning problems. It separates a data matrix into a low-rank part and a sparse part. The convex approach has been well studied in the literature. However, state-of-the-art algorithms for the...
computer science
1,963
X-CNN: Cross-modal Convolutional Neural Networks for Sparse Datasets
stat.ML
In this paper we propose cross-modal convolutional neural networks (X-CNNs), a novel biologically inspired type of CNN architectures, treating gradient descent-specialised CNNs as individual units of processing in a larger-scale network topology, while allowing for unconstrained information flow and/or weight sharing b...
computer science
1,964
Expert Gate: Lifelong Learning with a Network of Experts
cs.CV
In this paper we introduce a model of lifelong learning, based on a Network of Experts. New tasks / experts are learned and added to the model sequentially, building on what was learned before. To ensure scalability of this process,data from previous tasks cannot be stored and hence is not available when learning a new...
computer science
1,965
Information Pursuit: A Bayesian Framework for Sequential Scene Parsing
cs.CV
Despite enormous progress in object detection and classification, the problem of incorporating expected contextual relationships among object instances into modern recognition systems remains a key challenge. In this work we propose Information Pursuit, a Bayesian framework for scene parsing that combines prior models ...
computer science
1,966
Generating Multiple Diverse Hypotheses for Human 3D Pose Consistent with 2D Joint Detections
cs.CV
We propose a method to generate multiple diverse and valid human pose hypotheses in 3D all consistent with the 2D detection of joints in a monocular RGB image. We use a novel generative model uniform (unbiased) in the space of anatomically plausible 3D poses. Our model is compositional (produces a pose by combining par...
computer science
1,967
Robot gains Social Intelligence through Multimodal Deep Reinforcement Learning
cs.RO
For robots to coexist with humans in a social world like ours, it is crucial that they possess human-like social interaction skills. Programming a robot to possess such skills is a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a Multimodal Deep Q-Network (MDQN) to enable a robot to learn human-like interaction skills thr...
computer science
1,968
Show, Attend and Interact: Perceivable Human-Robot Social Interaction through Neural Attention Q-Network
cs.RO
For a safe, natural and effective human-robot social interaction, it is essential to develop a system that allows a robot to demonstrate the perceivable responsive behaviors to complex human behaviors. We introduce the Multimodal Deep Attention Recurrent Q-Network using which the robot exhibits human-like social intera...
computer science
1,969
Segmentation of skin lesions based on fuzzy classification of pixels and histogram thresholding
cs.CV
This paper proposes an innovative method for segmentation of skin lesions in dermoscopy images developed by the authors, based on fuzzy classification of pixels and histogram thresholding.
computer science
1,970
Self corrective Perturbations for Semantic Segmentation and Classification
cs.CV
Convolutional Neural Networks have been a subject of great importance over the past decade and great strides have been made in their utility for producing state of the art performance in many computer vision problems. However, the behavior of deep networks is yet to be fully understood and is still an active area of re...
computer science
1,971
Predicting Cognitive Decline with Deep Learning of Brain Metabolism and Amyloid Imaging
cs.CV
For effective treatment of Alzheimer disease (AD), it is important to identify subjects who are most likely to exhibit rapid cognitive decline. Herein, we developed a novel framework based on a deep convolutional neural network which can predict future cognitive decline in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients using...
computer science
1,972
Static Gesture Recognition using Leap Motion
stat.ML
In this report, an automated bartender system was developed for making orders in a bar using hand gestures. The gesture recognition of the system was developed using Machine Learning techniques, where the model was trained to classify gestures using collected data. The final model used in the system reached an average ...
computer science
1,973
The Conditional Analogy GAN: Swapping Fashion Articles on People Images
stat.ML
We present a novel method to solve image analogy problems : it allows to learn the relation between paired images present in training data, and then generalize and generate images that correspond to the relation, but were never seen in the training set. Therefore, we call the method Conditional Analogy Generative Adver...
computer science
1,974
Distance-based Confidence Score for Neural Network Classifiers
cs.AI
The reliable measurement of confidence in classifiers' predictions is very important for many applications and is, therefore, an important part of classifier design. Yet, although deep learning has received tremendous attention in recent years, not much progress has been made in quantifying the prediction confidence of...
computer science
1,975
StackGAN++: Realistic Image Synthesis with Stacked Generative Adversarial Networks
cs.CV
Although Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have shown remarkable success in various tasks, they still face challenges in generating high quality images. In this paper, we propose Stacked Generative Adversarial Networks (StackGAN) aiming at generating high-resolution photo-realistic images. First, we propose a two-...
computer science
1,976
Memory Aware Synapses: Learning what (not) to forget
cs.CV
Humans can learn in a continuous manner. Old rarely utilized knowledge can be overwritten by new incoming information while important, frequently used knowledge is prevented from being erased. In artificial learning systems, lifelong learning so far has focused mainly on accumulating knowledge over tasks and overcoming...
computer science
1,977
Embedded Real-Time Fall Detection Using Deep Learning For Elderly Care
stat.ML
This paper proposes a real-time embedded fall detection system using a DVS(Dynamic Vision Sensor) that has never been used for traditional fall detection, a dataset for fall detection using that, and a DVS-TN(DVS-Temporal Network). The first contribution is building a DVS Falls Dataset, which made our network to recogn...
computer science
1,978
Net2Vec: Quantifying and Explaining how Concepts are Encoded by Filters in Deep Neural Networks
cs.CV
In an effort to understand the meaning of the intermediate representations captured by deep networks, recent papers have tried to associate specific semantic concepts to individual neural network filter responses, where interesting correlations are often found, largely by focusing on extremal filter responses. In this ...
computer science
1,979
Tree-CNN: A Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Lifelong Learning
cs.CV
In recent years, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have shown remarkable performance in many computer vision tasks such as object recognition and detection. However, complex training issues, such as "catastrophic forgetting" and hyper-parameter tuning, make incremental learning in CNNs a difficult challenge. In this...
computer science
1,980
Generating retinal flow maps from structural optical coherence tomography with artificial intelligence
cs.CV
Despite significant advances in artificial intelligence (AI) for computer vision, its application in medical imaging has been limited by the burden and limits of expert-generated labels. We used images from optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), a relatively new imaging modality that measures perfusion of the...
computer science
1,981
Robust Blind Deconvolution via Mirror Descent
cs.CV
We revisit the Blind Deconvolution problem with a focus on understanding its robustness and convergence properties. Provable robustness to noise and other perturbations is receiving recent interest in vision, from obtaining immunity to adversarial attacks to assessing and describing failure modes of algorithms in missi...
computer science
1,982
Learning to relate images: Mapping units, complex cells and simultaneous eigenspaces
cs.CV
A fundamental operation in many vision tasks, including motion understanding, stereopsis, visual odometry, or invariant recognition, is establishing correspondences between images or between images and data from other modalities. We present an analysis of the role that multiplicative interactions play in learning such ...
computer science
1,983
Playing Doom with SLAM-Augmented Deep Reinforcement Learning
cs.AI
A number of recent approaches to policy learning in 2D game domains have been successful going directly from raw input images to actions. However when employed in complex 3D environments, they typically suffer from challenges related to partial observability, combinatorial exploration spaces, path planning, and a scarc...
computer science
1,984
Sparse Factorization Layers for Neural Networks with Limited Supervision
cs.CV
Whereas CNNs have demonstrated immense progress in many vision problems, they suffer from a dependence on monumental amounts of labeled training data. On the other hand, dictionary learning does not scale to the size of problems that CNNs can handle, despite being very effective at low-level vision tasks such as denois...
computer science
1,985
Theoretical Analysis of the Optimal Free Responses of Graph-Based SFA for the Design of Training Graphs
cs.AI
Slow feature analysis (SFA) is an unsupervised learning algorithm that extracts slowly varying features from a time series. Graph-based SFA (GSFA) is a supervised extension that can solve regression problems if followed by a post-processing regression algorithm. A training graph specifies arbitrary connections between ...
computer science
1,986
Human Pose Estimation in Space and Time using 3D CNN
cs.CV
This paper explores the capabilities of convolutional neural networks to deal with a task that is easily manageable for humans: perceiving 3D pose of a human body from varying angles. However, in our approach, we are restricted to using a monocular vision system. For this purpose, we apply a convolutional neural networ...
computer science
1,987
Encoder Based Lifelong Learning
cs.CV
This paper introduces a new lifelong learning solution where a single model is trained for a sequence of tasks. The main challenge that vision systems face in this context is catastrophic forgetting: as they tend to adapt to the most recently seen task, they lose performance on the tasks that were learned previously. O...
computer science
1,988
AirDraw: Leveraging Smart Watch Motion Sensors for Mobile Human Computer Interactions
cs.CV
Wearable computing is one of the fastest growing technologies today. Smart watches are poised to take over at least of half the wearable devices market in the near future. Smart watch screen size, however, is a limiting factor for growth, as it restricts practical text input. On the other hand, wearable devices have so...
computer science
1,989
Morphological Error Detection in 3D Segmentations
cs.CV
Deep learning algorithms for connectomics rely upon localized classification, rather than overall morphology. This leads to a high incidence of erroneously merged objects. Humans, by contrast, can easily detect such errors by acquiring intuition for the correct morphology of objects. Biological neurons have complicated...
computer science
1,990
End-to-end Training for Whole Image Breast Cancer Diagnosis using An All Convolutional Design
cs.CV
We develop an end-to-end training algorithm for whole-image breast cancer diagnosis based on mammograms. It requires lesion annotations only at the first stage of training. After that, a whole image classifier can be trained using only image level labels. This greatly reduced the reliance on lesion annotations. Our app...
computer science
1,991
Explaining Aviation Safety Incidents Using Deep Temporal Multiple Instance Learning
cs.CV
Although aviation accidents are rare, safety incidents occur more frequently and require a careful analysis to detect and mitigate risks in a timely manner. Analyzing safety incidents using operational data and producing event-based explanations is invaluable to airline companies as well as to governing organizations s...
computer science
1,992
Using KL-divergence to focus Deep Visual Explanation
cs.AI
We present a method for explaining the image classification predictions of deep convolution neural networks, by highlighting the pixels in the image which influence the final class prediction. Our method requires the identification of a heuristic method to select parameters hypothesized to be most relevant in this pred...
computer science
1,993
Pose-Normalized Image Generation for Person Re-identification
cs.CV
Person Re-identification (re-id) faces two major challenges: the lack of cross-view paired training data and learning discriminative identity-sensitive and view-invariant features in the presence of large pose variations. In this work, we address both problems by proposing a novel deep person image generation model for...
computer science
1,994
Frame-Recurrent Video Super-Resolution
cs.CV
Recent advances in video super-resolution have shown that convolutional neural networks combined with motion compensation are able to merge information from multiple low-resolution (LR) frames to generate high-quality images. Current state-of-the-art methods process a batch of LR frames to generate a single high-resolu...
computer science
1,995
A Method for Restoring the Training Set Distribution in an Image Classifier
stat.ML
Convolutional Neural Networks are a well-known staple of modern image classification. However, it can be difficult to assess the quality and robustness of such models. Deep models are known to perform well on a given training and estimation set, but can easily be fooled by data that is specifically generated for the pu...
computer science
1,996
Discrete and fuzzy dynamical genetic programming in the XCSF learning classifier system
cs.AI
A number of representation schemes have been presented for use within learning classifier systems, ranging from binary encodings to neural networks. This paper presents results from an investigation into using discrete and fuzzy dynamical system representations within the XCSF learning classifier system. In particular,...
computer science
1,997
Protein Secondary Structure Prediction Using Cascaded Convolutional and Recurrent Neural Networks
cs.AI
Protein secondary structure prediction is an important problem in bioinformatics. Inspired by the recent successes of deep neural networks, in this paper, we propose an end-to-end deep network that predicts protein secondary structures from integrated local and global contextual features. Our deep architecture leverage...
computer science
1,998
Reinforcement Learning Using Quantum Boltzmann Machines
cs.AI
We investigate whether quantum annealers with select chip layouts can outperform classical computers in reinforcement learning tasks. We associate a transverse field Ising spin Hamiltonian with a layout of qubits similar to that of a deep Boltzmann machine (DBM) and use simulated quantum annealing (SQA) to numerically ...
computer science
1,999
The Fundamental Learning Problem that Genetic Algorithms with Uniform Crossover Solve Efficiently and Repeatedly As Evolution Proceeds
cs.NE
This paper establishes theoretical bonafides for implicit concurrent multivariate effect evaluation--implicit concurrency for short---a broad and versatile computational learning efficiency thought to underlie general-purpose, non-local, noise-tolerant optimization in genetic algorithms with uniform crossover (UGAs). W...
computer science