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8,100
Online Adaptive Decision Fusion Framework Based on Entropic Projections onto Convex Sets with Application to Wildfire Detection in Video
cs.CV
In this paper, an Entropy functional based online Adaptive Decision Fusion (EADF) framework is developed for image analysis and computer vision applications. In this framework, it is assumed that the compound algorithm consists of several sub-algorithms each of which yielding its own decision as a real number centered ...
computer science
8,101
Statistical Compressed Sensing of Gaussian Mixture Models
cs.CV
A novel framework of compressed sensing, namely statistical compressed sensing (SCS), that aims at efficiently sampling a collection of signals that follow a statistical distribution, and achieving accurate reconstruction on average, is introduced. SCS based on Gaussian models is investigated in depth. For signals that...
computer science
8,102
Semisupervised Classifier Evaluation and Recalibration
cs.LG
How many labeled examples are needed to estimate a classifier's performance on a new dataset? We study the case where data is plentiful, but labels are expensive. We show that by making a few reasonable assumptions on the structure of the data, it is possible to estimate performance curves, with confidence bounds, usin...
computer science
8,103
Learning to Diversify via Weighted Kernels for Classifier Ensemble
cs.LG
Classifier ensemble generally should combine diverse component classifiers. However, it is difficult to give a definitive connection between diversity measure and ensemble accuracy. Given a list of available component classifiers, how to adaptively and diversely ensemble classifiers becomes a big challenge in the liter...
computer science
8,104
Unsupervised Deep Haar Scattering on Graphs
cs.LG
The classification of high-dimensional data defined on graphs is particularly difficult when the graph geometry is unknown. We introduce a Haar scattering transform on graphs, which computes invariant signal descriptors. It is implemented with a deep cascade of additions, subtractions and absolute values, which iterati...
computer science
8,105
Why do linear SVMs trained on HOG features perform so well?
cs.CV
Linear Support Vector Machines trained on HOG features are now a de facto standard across many visual perception tasks. Their popularisation can largely be attributed to the step-change in performance they brought to pedestrian detection, and their subsequent successes in deformable parts models. This paper explores th...
computer science
8,106
Deep Epitomic Convolutional Neural Networks
cs.CV
Deep convolutional neural networks have recently proven extremely competitive in challenging image recognition tasks. This paper proposes the epitomic convolution as a new building block for deep neural networks. An epitomic convolution layer replaces a pair of consecutive convolution and max-pooling layers found in st...
computer science
8,107
"Mental Rotation" by Optimizing Transforming Distance
cs.LG
The human visual system is able to recognize objects despite transformations that can drastically alter their appearance. To this end, much effort has been devoted to the invariance properties of recognition systems. Invariance can be engineered (e.g. convolutional nets), or learned from data explicitly (e.g. temporal ...
computer science
8,108
Semantic Graph for Zero-Shot Learning
cs.CV
Zero-shot learning aims to classify visual objects without any training data via knowledge transfer between seen and unseen classes. This is typically achieved by exploring a semantic embedding space where the seen and unseen classes can be related. Previous works differ in what embedding space is used and how differen...
computer science
8,109
Self-Learning Camera: Autonomous Adaptation of Object Detectors to Unlabeled Video Streams
cs.CV
Learning object detectors requires massive amounts of labeled training samples from the specific data source of interest. This is impractical when dealing with many different sources (e.g., in camera networks), or constantly changing ones such as mobile cameras (e.g., in robotics or driving assistant systems). In this ...
computer science
8,110
Multi-utility Learning: Structured-output Learning with Multiple Annotation-specific Loss Functions
cs.CV
Structured-output learning is a challenging problem; particularly so because of the difficulty in obtaining large datasets of fully labelled instances for training. In this paper we try to overcome this difficulty by presenting a multi-utility learning framework for structured prediction that can learn from training in...
computer science
8,111
Weakly-supervised Discovery of Visual Pattern Configurations
cs.CV
The increasing prominence of weakly labeled data nurtures a growing demand for object detection methods that can cope with minimal supervision. We propose an approach that automatically identifies discriminative configurations of visual patterns that are characteristic of a given object class. We formulate the problem ...
computer science
8,112
Learning to Deblur
cs.CV
We describe a learning-based approach to blind image deconvolution. It uses a deep layered architecture, parts of which are borrowed from recent work on neural network learning, and parts of which incorporate computations that are specific to image deconvolution. The system is trained end-to-end on a set of artificiall...
computer science
8,113
MIS-Boost: Multiple Instance Selection Boosting
cs.LG
In this paper, we present a new multiple instance learning (MIL) method, called MIS-Boost, which learns discriminative instance prototypes by explicit instance selection in a boosting framework. Unlike previous instance selection based MIL methods, we do not restrict the prototypes to a discrete set of training instanc...
computer science
8,114
A Probabilistic Framework for Discriminative Dictionary Learning
cs.CV
In this paper, we address the problem of discriminative dictionary learning (DDL), where sparse linear representation and classification are combined in a probabilistic framework. As such, a single discriminative dictionary and linear binary classifiers are learned jointly. By encoding sparse representation and discrim...
computer science
8,115
A Brief Summary of Dictionary Learning Based Approach for Classification (revised)
cs.CV
This note presents some representative methods which are based on dictionary learning (DL) for classification. We do not review the sophisticated methods or frameworks that involve DL for classification, such as online DL and spatial pyramid matching (SPM), but rather, we concentrate on the direct DL-based classificati...
computer science
8,116
Differentiable Pooling for Hierarchical Feature Learning
cs.CV
We introduce a parametric form of pooling, based on a Gaussian, which can be optimized alongside the features in a single global objective function. By contrast, existing pooling schemes are based on heuristics (e.g. local maximum) and have no clear link to the cost function of the model. Furthermore, the variables of ...
computer science
8,117
Local Water Diffusion Phenomenon Clustering From High Angular Resolution Diffusion Imaging (HARDI)
cs.LG
The understanding of neurodegenerative diseases undoubtedly passes through the study of human brain white matter fiber tracts. To date, diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) is the unique technique to obtain information about the neural architecture of the human brain, thus permitting the study of white matter co...
computer science
8,118
Kernelized Supervised Dictionary Learning
cs.CV
In this paper, we propose supervised dictionary learning (SDL) by incorporating information on class labels into the learning of the dictionary. To this end, we propose to learn the dictionary in a space where the dependency between the signals and their corresponding labels is maximized. To maximize this dependency, t...
computer science
8,119
Supervised Texture Classification Using a Novel Compression-Based Similarity Measure
cs.CV
Supervised pixel-based texture classification is usually performed in the feature space. We propose to perform this task in (dis)similarity space by introducing a new compression-based (dis)similarity measure. The proposed measure utilizes two dimensional MPEG-1 encoder, which takes into consideration the spatial local...
computer science
8,120
Incremental Learning of 3D-DCT Compact Representations for Robust Visual Tracking
cs.CV
Visual tracking usually requires an object appearance model that is robust to changing illumination, pose and other factors encountered in video. In this paper, we construct an appearance model using the 3D discrete cosine transform (3D-DCT). The 3D-DCT is based on a set of cosine basis functions, which are determined ...
computer science
8,121
Dimension Reduction by Mutual Information Feature Extraction
cs.LG
During the past decades, to study high-dimensional data in a large variety of problems, researchers have proposed many Feature Extraction algorithms. One of the most effective approaches for optimal feature extraction is based on mutual information (MI). However it is not always easy to get an accurate estimation for h...
computer science
8,122
Learning to rank from medical imaging data
cs.LG
Medical images can be used to predict a clinical score coding for the severity of a disease, a pain level or the complexity of a cognitive task. In all these cases, the predicted variable has a natural order. While a standard classifier discards this information, we would like to take it into account in order to improv...
computer science
8,123
Fusing image representations for classification using support vector machines
cs.CV
In order to improve classification accuracy different image representations are usually combined. This can be done by using two different fusing schemes. In feature level fusion schemes, image representations are combined before the classification process. In classifier fusion, the decisions taken separately based on i...
computer science
8,124
A Two-Stage Combined Classifier in Scale Space Texture Classification
cs.CV
Textures often show multiscale properties and hence multiscale techniques are considered useful for texture analysis. Scale-space theory as a biologically motivated approach may be used to construct multiscale textures. In this paper various ways are studied to combine features on different scales for texture classific...
computer science
8,125
Machine learning of hierarchical clustering to segment 2D and 3D images
cs.CV
We aim to improve segmentation through the use of machine learning tools during region agglomeration. We propose an active learning approach for performing hierarchical agglomerative segmentation from superpixels. Our method combines multiple features at all scales of the agglomerative process, works for data with an a...
computer science
8,126
A General Two-Step Approach to Learning-Based Hashing
cs.LG
Most existing approaches to hashing apply a single form of hash function, and an optimization process which is typically deeply coupled to this specific form. This tight coupling restricts the flexibility of the method to respond to the data, and can result in complex optimization problems that are difficult to solve. ...
computer science
8,127
Learning a Loopy Model For Semantic Segmentation Exactly
cs.LG
Learning structured models using maximum margin techniques has become an indispensable tool for com- puter vision researchers, as many computer vision applications can be cast naturally as an image labeling problem. Pixel-based or superpixel-based conditional random fields are particularly popular examples. Typ- ically...
computer science
8,128
Multi-Object Classification and Unsupervised Scene Understanding Using Deep Learning Features and Latent Tree Probabilistic Models
cs.CV
Deep learning has shown state-of-art classification performance on datasets such as ImageNet, which contain a single object in each image. However, multi-object classification is far more challenging. We present a unified framework which leverages the strengths of multiple machine learning methods, viz deep learning, p...
computer science
8,129
Interleaved Text/Image Deep Mining on a Large-Scale Radiology Database for Automated Image Interpretation
cs.CV
Despite tremendous progress in computer vision, there has not been an attempt for machine learning on very large-scale medical image databases. We present an interleaved text/image deep learning system to extract and mine the semantic interactions of radiology images and reports from a national research hospital's Pict...
computer science
8,130
Integrating K-means with Quadratic Programming Feature Selection
cs.CV
Several data mining problems are characterized by data in high dimensions. One of the popular ways to reduce the dimensionality of the data is to perform feature selection, i.e, select a subset of relevant and non-redundant features. Recently, Quadratic Programming Feature Selection (QPFS) has been proposed which formu...
computer science
8,131
Visual Understanding via Multi-Feature Shared Learning with Global Consistency
cs.CV
Image/video data is usually represented with multiple visual features. Fusion of multi-source information for establishing the attributes has been widely recognized. Multi-feature visual recognition has recently received much attention in multimedia applications. This paper studies visual understanding via a newly prop...
computer science
8,132
Using Dimension Reduction to Improve the Classification of High-dimensional Data
cs.LG
In this work we show that the classification performance of high-dimensional structural MRI data with only a small set of training examples is improved by the usage of dimension reduction methods. We assessed two different dimension reduction variants: feature selection by ANOVA F-test and feature transformation by PCA...
computer science
8,133
Variational reaction-diffusion systems for semantic segmentation
cs.CV
A novel global energy model for multi-class semantic image segmentation is proposed that admits very efficient exact inference and derivative calculations for learning. Inference in this model is equivalent to MAP inference in a particular kind of vector-valued Gaussian Markov random field, and ultimately reduces to so...
computer science
8,134
Learning A Deep $\ell_\infty$ Encoder for Hashing
cs.LG
We investigate the $\ell_\infty$-constrained representation which demonstrates robustness to quantization errors, utilizing the tool of deep learning. Based on the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM), we formulate the original convex minimization problem as a feed-forward neural network, named \textit{De...
computer science
8,135
Bayesian Neighbourhood Component Analysis
cs.CV
Learning a good distance metric in feature space potentially improves the performance of the KNN classifier and is useful in many real-world applications. Many metric learning algorithms are however based on the point estimation of a quadratic optimization problem, which is time-consuming, susceptible to overfitting, a...
computer science
8,136
Semi-supervised learning of local structured output predictors
cs.LG
In this paper, we study the problem of semi-supervised structured output prediction, which aims to learn predictors for structured outputs, such as sequences, tree nodes, vectors, etc., from a set of data points of both input-output pairs and single inputs without outputs. The traditional methods to solve this problem ...
computer science
8,137
Thesis: Multiple Kernel Learning for Object Categorization
cs.CV
Object Categorization is a challenging problem, especially when the images have clutter background, occlusions or different lighting conditions. In the past, many descriptors have been proposed which aid object categorization even in such adverse conditions. Each descriptor has its own merits and de-merits. Some descri...
computer science
8,138
An incremental linear-time learning algorithm for the Optimum-Path Forest classifier
cs.LG
We present a classification method with incremental capabilities based on the Optimum-Path Forest classifier (OPF). The OPF considers instances as nodes of a fully-connected training graph, arc weights represent distances between two feature vectors. Our algorithm includes new instances in an OPF in linear-time, while ...
computer science
8,139
Going Deeper with Contextual CNN for Hyperspectral Image Classification
cs.CV
In this paper, we describe a novel deep convolutional neural network (CNN) that is deeper and wider than other existing deep networks for hyperspectral image classification. Unlike current state-of-the-art approaches in CNN-based hyperspectral image classification, the proposed network, called contextual deep CNN, can ...
computer science
8,140
Cross-stitch Networks for Multi-task Learning
cs.CV
Multi-task learning in Convolutional Networks has displayed remarkable success in the field of recognition. This success can be largely attributed to learning shared representations from multiple supervisory tasks. However, existing multi-task approaches rely on enumerating multiple network architectures specific to th...
computer science
8,141
Training Region-based Object Detectors with Online Hard Example Mining
cs.CV
The field of object detection has made significant advances riding on the wave of region-based ConvNets, but their training procedure still includes many heuristics and hyperparameters that are costly to tune. We present a simple yet surprisingly effective online hard example mining (OHEM) algorithm for training region...
computer science
8,142
Joint Unsupervised Learning of Deep Representations and Image Clusters
cs.CV
In this paper, we propose a recurrent framework for Joint Unsupervised LEarning (JULE) of deep representations and image clusters. In our framework, successive operations in a clustering algorithm are expressed as steps in a recurrent process, stacked on top of representations output by a Convolutional Neural Network (...
computer science
8,143
Removing Clouds and Recovering Ground Observations in Satellite Image Sequences via Temporally Contiguous Robust Matrix Completion
cs.CV
We consider the problem of removing and replacing clouds in satellite image sequences, which has a wide range of applications in remote sensing. Our approach first detects and removes the cloud-contaminated part of the image sequences. It then recovers the missing scenes from the clean parts using the proposed "TECROMA...
computer science
8,144
Improving the Robustness of Deep Neural Networks via Stability Training
cs.CV
In this paper we address the issue of output instability of deep neural networks: small perturbations in the visual input can significantly distort the feature embeddings and output of a neural network. Such instability affects many deep architectures with state-of-the-art performance on a wide range of computer vision...
computer science
8,145
Can Boosting with SVM as Week Learners Help?
cs.CV
Object recognition in images involves identifying objects with partial occlusions, viewpoint changes, varying illumination, cluttered backgrounds. Recent work in object recognition uses machine learning techniques SVM-KNN, Local Ensemble Kernel Learning, Multiple Kernel Learning. In this paper, we want to utilize SVM a...
computer science
8,146
Learning by tracking: Siamese CNN for robust target association
cs.LG
This paper introduces a novel approach to the task of data association within the context of pedestrian tracking, by introducing a two-stage learning scheme to match pairs of detections. First, a Siamese convolutional neural network (CNN) is trained to learn descriptors encoding local spatio-temporal structures between...
computer science
8,147
Single Image 3D Interpreter Network
cs.CV
Understanding 3D object structure from a single image is an important but difficult task in computer vision, mostly due to the lack of 3D object annotations in real images. Previous work tackles this problem by either solving an optimization task given 2D keypoint positions, or training on synthetic data with ground tr...
computer science
8,148
Scene Parsing with Multiscale Feature Learning, Purity Trees, and Optimal Covers
cs.CV
Scene parsing, or semantic segmentation, consists in labeling each pixel in an image with the category of the object it belongs to. It is a challenging task that involves the simultaneous detection, segmentation and recognition of all the objects in the image. The scene parsing method proposed here starts by computin...
computer science
8,149
Generalized Principal Component Analysis (GPCA)
cs.CV
This paper presents an algebro-geometric solution to the problem of segmenting an unknown number of subspaces of unknown and varying dimensions from sample data points. We represent the subspaces with a set of homogeneous polynomials whose degree is the number of subspaces and whose derivatives at a data point give nor...
computer science
8,150
Pedestrian Detection with Unsupervised Multi-Stage Feature Learning
cs.CV
Pedestrian detection is a problem of considerable practical interest. Adding to the list of successful applications of deep learning methods to vision, we report state-of-the-art and competitive results on all major pedestrian datasets with a convolutional network model. The model uses a few new twists, such as multi-s...
computer science
8,151
Robust Face Recognition using Local Illumination Normalization and Discriminant Feature Point Selection
cs.LG
Face recognition systems must be robust to the variation of various factors such as facial expression, illumination, head pose and aging. Especially, the robustness against illumination variation is one of the most important problems to be solved for the practical use of face recognition systems. Gabor wavelet is widel...
computer science
8,152
Group Component Analysis for Multiblock Data: Common and Individual Feature Extraction
cs.CV
Very often data we encounter in practice is a collection of matrices rather than a single matrix. These multi-block data are naturally linked and hence often share some common features and at the same time they have their own individual features, due to the background in which they are measured and collected. In this s...
computer science
8,153
Parallel D2-Clustering: Large-Scale Clustering of Discrete Distributions
cs.LG
The discrete distribution clustering algorithm, namely D2-clustering, has demonstrated its usefulness in image classification and annotation where each object is represented by a bag of weighed vectors. The high computational complexity of the algorithm, however, limits its applications to large-scale problems. We pres...
computer science
8,154
Pooling-Invariant Image Feature Learning
cs.CV
Unsupervised dictionary learning has been a key component in state-of-the-art computer vision recognition architectures. While highly effective methods exist for patch-based dictionary learning, these methods may learn redundant features after the pooling stage in a given early vision architecture. In this paper, we of...
computer science
8,155
Machine learning on images using a string-distance
cs.LG
We present a new method for image feature-extraction which is based on representing an image by a finite-dimensional vector of distances that measure how different the image is from a set of image prototypes. We use the recently introduced Universal Image Distance (UID) \cite{RatsabyChesterIEEE2012} to compare the simi...
computer science
8,156
Context-Aware Hypergraph Construction for Robust Spectral Clustering
cs.CV
Spectral clustering is a powerful tool for unsupervised data analysis. In this paper, we propose a context-aware hypergraph similarity measure (CAHSM), which leads to robust spectral clustering in the case of noisy data. We construct three types of hypergraph---the pairwise hypergraph, the k-nearest-neighbor (kNN) hype...
computer science
8,157
From Kernel Machines to Ensemble Learning
cs.LG
Ensemble methods such as boosting combine multiple learners to obtain better prediction than could be obtained from any individual learner. Here we propose a principled framework for directly constructing ensemble learning methods from kernel methods. Unlike previous studies showing the equivalence between boosting and...
computer science
8,158
Efficient Semidefinite Spectral Clustering via Lagrange Duality
cs.LG
We propose an efficient approach to semidefinite spectral clustering (SSC), which addresses the Frobenius normalization with the positive semidefinite (p.s.d.) constraint for spectral clustering. Compared with the original Frobenius norm approximation based algorithm, the proposed algorithm can more accurately find the...
computer science
8,159
No more meta-parameter tuning in unsupervised sparse feature learning
cs.LG
We propose a meta-parameter free, off-the-shelf, simple and fast unsupervised feature learning algorithm, which exploits a new way of optimizing for sparsity. Experiments on STL-10 show that the method presents state-of-the-art performance and provides discriminative features that generalize well.
computer science
8,160
On learning to localize objects with minimal supervision
cs.CV
Learning to localize objects with minimal supervision is an important problem in computer vision, since large fully annotated datasets are extremely costly to obtain. In this paper, we propose a new method that achieves this goal with only image-level labels of whether the objects are present or not. Our approach combi...
computer science
8,161
Sublinear Models for Graphs
cs.LG
This contribution extends linear models for feature vectors to sublinear models for graphs and analyzes their properties. The results are (i) a geometric interpretation of sublinear classifiers, (ii) a generic learning rule based on the principle of empirical risk minimization, (iii) a convergence theorem for the margi...
computer science
8,162
Learning Deep Face Representation
cs.CV
Face representation is a crucial step of face recognition systems. An optimal face representation should be discriminative, robust, compact, and very easy-to-implement. While numerous hand-crafted and learning-based representations have been proposed, considerable room for improvement is still present. In this paper, w...
computer science
8,163
Closed-Form Training of Conditional Random Fields for Large Scale Image Segmentation
cs.LG
We present LS-CRF, a new method for very efficient large-scale training of Conditional Random Fields (CRFs). It is inspired by existing closed-form expressions for the maximum likelihood parameters of a generative graphical model with tree topology. LS-CRF training requires only solving a set of independent regression ...
computer science
8,164
Comparing apples to apples in the evaluation of binary coding methods
cs.CV
We discuss methodological issues related to the evaluation of unsupervised binary code construction methods for nearest neighbor search. These issues have been widely ignored in literature. These coding methods attempt to preserve either Euclidean distance or angular (cosine) distance in the binary embedding space. We ...
computer science
8,165
Texture Based Image Segmentation of Chili Pepper X-Ray Images Using Gabor Filter
cs.CV
Texture segmentation is the process of partitioning an image into regions with different textures containing a similar group of pixels. Detecting the discontinuity of the filter's output and their statistical properties help in segmenting and classifying a given image with different texture regions. In this proposed pa...
computer science
8,166
Improving Image Clustering using Sparse Text and the Wisdom of the Crowds
cs.LG
We propose a method to improve image clustering using sparse text and the wisdom of the crowds. In particular, we present a method to fuse two different kinds of document features, image and text features, and use a common dictionary or "wisdom of the crowds" as the connection between the two different kinds of documen...
computer science
8,167
Active Mining of Parallel Video Streams
cs.CV
The practicality of a video surveillance system is adversely limited by the amount of queries that can be placed on human resources and their vigilance in response. To transcend this limitation, a major effort under way is to include software that (fully or at least semi) automatically mines video footage, reducing the...
computer science
8,168
ESSP: An Efficient Approach to Minimizing Dense and Nonsubmodular Energy Functions
cs.CV
Many recent advances in computer vision have demonstrated the impressive power of dense and nonsubmodular energy functions in solving visual labeling problems. However, minimizing such energies is challenging. None of existing techniques (such as s-t graph cut, QPBO, BP and TRW-S) can individually do this well. In this...
computer science
8,169
On Learning Where To Look
cs.CV
Current automatic vision systems face two major challenges: scalability and extreme variability of appearance. First, the computational time required to process an image typically scales linearly with the number of pixels in the image, therefore limiting the resolution of input images to thumbnail size. Second, variabi...
computer science
8,170
Descriptor Matching with Convolutional Neural Networks: a Comparison to SIFT
cs.CV
Latest results indicate that features learned via convolutional neural networks outperform previous descriptors on classification tasks by a large margin. It has been shown that these networks still work well when they are applied to datasets or recognition tasks different from those they were trained on. However, desc...
computer science
8,171
Automated Fabric Defect Inspection: A Survey of Classifiers
cs.CV
Quality control at each stage of production in textile industry has become a key factor to retaining the existence in the highly competitive global market. Problems of manual fabric defect inspection are lack of accuracy and high time consumption, where early and accurate fabric defect detection is a significant phase ...
computer science
8,172
Scalable Greedy Algorithms for Transfer Learning
cs.CV
In this paper we consider the binary transfer learning problem, focusing on how to select and combine sources from a large pool to yield a good performance on a target task. Constraining our scenario to real world, we do not assume the direct access to the source data, but rather we employ the source hypotheses trained...
computer science
8,173
Toward Automated Discovery of Artistic Influence
cs.CV
Considering the huge amount of art pieces that exist, there is valuable information to be discovered. Examining a painting, an expert can determine its style, genre, and the time period that the painting belongs. One important task for art historians is to find influences and connections between artists. Is influence a...
computer science
8,174
2D View Aggregation for Lymph Node Detection Using a Shallow Hierarchy of Linear Classifiers
cs.CV
Enlarged lymph nodes (LNs) can provide important information for cancer diagnosis, staging, and measuring treatment reactions, making automated detection a highly sought goal. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm representation of decomposing the LN detection problem into a set of 2D object detection subtasks on s...
computer science
8,175
Learning Deep Representation for Face Alignment with Auxiliary Attributes
cs.CV
In this study, we show that landmark detection or face alignment task is not a single and independent problem. Instead, its robustness can be greatly improved with auxiliary information. Specifically, we jointly optimize landmark detection together with the recognition of heterogeneous but subtly correlated facial attr...
computer science
8,176
Introduction to Clustering Algorithms and Applications
cs.LG
Data clustering is the process of identifying natural groupings or clusters within multidimensional data based on some similarity measure. Clustering is a fundamental process in many different disciplines. Hence, researchers from different fields are actively working on the clustering problem. This paper provides an ov...
computer science
8,177
Hierarchical Adaptive Structural SVM for Domain Adaptation
cs.CV
A key topic in classification is the accuracy loss produced when the data distribution in the training (source) domain differs from that in the testing (target) domain. This is being recognized as a very relevant problem for many computer vision tasks such as image classification, object detection, and object category ...
computer science
8,178
Supervised Hashing Using Graph Cuts and Boosted Decision Trees
cs.LG
Embedding image features into a binary Hamming space can improve both the speed and accuracy of large-scale query-by-example image retrieval systems. Supervised hashing aims to map the original features to compact binary codes in a manner which preserves the label-based similarities of the original data. Most existing ...
computer science
8,179
Iterated Support Vector Machines for Distance Metric Learning
cs.LG
Distance metric learning aims to learn from the given training data a valid distance metric, with which the similarity between data samples can be more effectively evaluated for classification. Metric learning is often formulated as a convex or nonconvex optimization problem, while many existing metric learning algorit...
computer science
8,180
Unsupervised Fusion Weight Learning in Multiple Classifier Systems
cs.LG
In this paper we present an unsupervised method to learn the weights with which the scores of multiple classifiers must be combined in classifier fusion settings. We also introduce a novel metric for ranking instances based on an index which depends upon the rank of weighted scores of test points among the weighted sco...
computer science
8,181
Hierarchical Maximum-Margin Clustering
cs.LG
We present a hierarchical maximum-margin clustering method for unsupervised data analysis. Our method extends beyond flat maximum-margin clustering, and performs clustering recursively in a top-down manner. We propose an effective greedy splitting criteria for selecting which cluster to split next, and employ regulariz...
computer science
8,182
Out-of-sample generalizations for supervised manifold learning for classification
cs.CV
Supervised manifold learning methods for data classification map data samples residing in a high-dimensional ambient space to a lower-dimensional domain in a structure-preserving way, while enhancing the separation between different classes in the learned embedding. Most nonlinear supervised manifold learning methods c...
computer science
8,183
Show, Attend and Tell: Neural Image Caption Generation with Visual Attention
cs.LG
Inspired by recent work in machine translation and object detection, we introduce an attention based model that automatically learns to describe the content of images. We describe how we can train this model in a deterministic manner using standard backpropagation techniques and stochastically by maximizing a variation...
computer science
8,184
Large-Scale Deep Learning on the YFCC100M Dataset
cs.LG
We present a work-in-progress snapshot of learning with a 15 billion parameter deep learning network on HPC architectures applied to the largest publicly available natural image and video dataset released to-date. Recent advancements in unsupervised deep neural networks suggest that scaling up such networks in both mod...
computer science
8,185
Semi-supervised Data Representation via Affinity Graph Learning
cs.LG
We consider the general problem of utilizing both labeled and unlabeled data to improve data representation performance. A new semi-supervised learning framework is proposed by combing manifold regularization and data representation methods such as Non negative matrix factorization and sparse coding. We adopt unsupervi...
computer science
8,186
Towards Building Deep Networks with Bayesian Factor Graphs
cs.CV
We propose a Multi-Layer Network based on the Bayesian framework of the Factor Graphs in Reduced Normal Form (FGrn) applied to a two-dimensional lattice. The Latent Variable Model (LVM) is the basic building block of a quadtree hierarchy built on top of a bottom layer of random variables that represent pixels of an ima...
computer science
8,187
Regularization and Kernelization of the Maximin Correlation Approach
cs.CV
Robust classification becomes challenging when each class consists of multiple subclasses. Examples include multi-font optical character recognition and automated protein function prediction. In correlation-based nearest-neighbor classification, the maximin correlation approach (MCA) provides the worst-case optimal sol...
computer science
8,188
Error-Correcting Factorization
cs.CV
Error Correcting Output Codes (ECOC) is a successful technique in multi-class classification, which is a core problem in Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. A major advantage of ECOC over other methods is that the multi- class problem is decoupled into a set of binary problems that are solved independently. Howev...
computer science
8,189
EmoNets: Multimodal deep learning approaches for emotion recognition in video
cs.LG
The task of the emotion recognition in the wild (EmotiW) Challenge is to assign one of seven emotions to short video clips extracted from Hollywood style movies. The videos depict acted-out emotions under realistic conditions with a large degree of variation in attributes such as pose and illumination, making it worthw...
computer science
8,190
Fully Connected Deep Structured Networks
cs.CV
Convolutional neural networks with many layers have recently been shown to achieve excellent results on many high-level tasks such as image classification, object detection and more recently also semantic segmentation. Particularly for semantic segmentation, a two-stage procedure is often employed. Hereby, convolutiona...
computer science
8,191
Learning Classifiers from Synthetic Data Using a Multichannel Autoencoder
cs.CV
We propose a method for using synthetic data to help learning classifiers. Synthetic data, even is generated based on real data, normally results in a shift from the distribution of real data in feature space. To bridge the gap between the real and synthetic data, and jointly learn from synthetic and real data, this pa...
computer science
8,192
Learning Hypergraph-regularized Attribute Predictors
cs.CV
We present a novel attribute learning framework named Hypergraph-based Attribute Predictor (HAP). In HAP, a hypergraph is leveraged to depict the attribute relations in the data. Then the attribute prediction problem is casted as a regularized hypergraph cut problem in which HAP jointly learns a collection of attribute...
computer science
8,193
Initialization Strategies of Spatio-Temporal Convolutional Neural Networks
cs.CV
We propose a new way of incorporating temporal information present in videos into Spatial Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets) trained on images, that avoids training Spatio-Temporal ConvNets from scratch. We describe several initializations of weights in 3D Convolutional Layers of Spatio-Temporal ConvNet using 2D ...
computer science
8,194
Transductive Multi-label Zero-shot Learning
cs.LG
Zero-shot learning has received increasing interest as a means to alleviate the often prohibitive expense of annotating training data for large scale recognition problems. These methods have achieved great success via learning intermediate semantic representations in the form of attributes and more recently, semantic w...
computer science
8,195
Transductive Multi-class and Multi-label Zero-shot Learning
cs.LG
Recently, zero-shot learning (ZSL) has received increasing interest. The key idea underpinning existing ZSL approaches is to exploit knowledge transfer via an intermediate-level semantic representation which is assumed to be shared between the auxiliary and target datasets, and is used to bridge between these domains f...
computer science
8,196
Discriminative Bayesian Dictionary Learning for Classification
cs.CV
We propose a Bayesian approach to learn discriminative dictionaries for sparse representation of data. The proposed approach infers probability distributions over the atoms of a discriminative dictionary using a Beta Process. It also computes sets of Bernoulli distributions that associate class labels to the learned di...
computer science
8,197
Training Bit Fully Convolutional Network for Fast Semantic Segmentation
cs.CV
Fully convolutional neural networks give accurate, per-pixel prediction for input images and have applications like semantic segmentation. However, a typical FCN usually requires lots of floating point computation and large run-time memory, which effectively limits its usability. We propose a method to train Bit Fully ...
computer science
8,198
Breast Mass Classification from Mammograms using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
cs.CV
Mammography is the most widely used method to screen breast cancer. Because of its mostly manual nature, variability in mass appearance, and low signal-to-noise ratio, a significant number of breast masses are missed or misdiagnosed. In this work, we present how Convolutional Neural Networks can be used to directly cla...
computer science
8,199
Identifying and Categorizing Anomalies in Retinal Imaging Data
cs.LG
The identification and quantification of markers in medical images is critical for diagnosis, prognosis and management of patients in clinical practice. Supervised- or weakly supervised training enables the detection of findings that are known a priori. It does not scale well, and a priori definition limits the vocabul...
computer science