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10,101
Generating Time-Based Label Refinements to Discover More Precise Process Models
cs.LG
Process mining is a research field focused on the analysis of event data with the aim of extracting insights related to dynamic behavior. Applying process mining techniques on data from smart home environments has the potential to provide valuable insights in (un)healthy habits and to contribute to ambient assisted liv...
computer science
10,102
Anomaly Detection in a Digital Video Broadcasting System Using Timed Automata
cs.LG
This paper focuses on detecting anomalies in a digital video broadcasting (DVB) system from providers' perspective. We learn a probabilistic deterministic real timed automaton profiling benign behavior of encryption control in the DVB control access system. This profile is used as a one-class classifier. Anomalous item...
computer science
10,103
Mining Process Model Descriptions of Daily Life through Event Abstraction
cs.LG
Process mining techniques focus on extracting insight in processes from event logs. Process mining has the potential to provide valuable insights in (un)healthy habits and to contribute to ambient assisted living solutions when applied on data from smart home environments. However, events recorded in smart home environ...
computer science
10,104
Learning End-to-end Multimodal Sensor Policies for Autonomous Navigation
cs.RO
Multisensory polices are known to enhance both state estimation and target tracking. However, in the space of end-to-end sensorimotor control, this multi-sensor outlook has received limited attention. Moreover, systematic ways to make policies robust to partial sensor failure are not well explored. In this work, we pro...
computer science
10,105
Interpolated Policy Gradient: Merging On-Policy and Off-Policy Gradient Estimation for Deep Reinforcement Learning
cs.LG
Off-policy model-free deep reinforcement learning methods using previously collected data can improve sample efficiency over on-policy policy gradient techniques. On the other hand, on-policy algorithms are often more stable and easier to use. This paper examines, both theoretically and empirically, approaches to mergi...
computer science
10,106
Towards Synthesizing Complex Programs from Input-Output Examples
cs.LG
In recent years, deep learning techniques have been developed to improve the performance of program synthesis from input-output examples. Albeit its significant progress, the programs that can be synthesized by state-of-the-art approaches are still simple in terms of their complexity. In this work, we move a significan...
computer science
10,107
Adversarial-Playground: A Visualization Suite for Adversarial Sample Generation
cs.CR
With growing interest in adversarial machine learning, it is important for machine learning practitioners and users to understand how their models may be attacked. We propose a web-based visualization tool, Adversarial-Playground, to demonstrate the efficacy of common adversarial methods against a deep neural network (...
computer science
10,108
Seamless Integration and Coordination of Cognitive Skills in Humanoid Robots: A Deep Learning Approach
cs.AI
This study investigates how adequate coordination among the different cognitive processes of a humanoid robot can be developed through end-to-end learning of direct perception of visuomotor stream. We propose a deep dynamic neural network model built on a dynamic vision network, a motor generation network, and a higher...
computer science
10,109
Predictive Coding-based Deep Dynamic Neural Network for Visuomotor Learning
cs.AI
This study presents a dynamic neural network model based on the predictive coding framework for perceiving and predicting the dynamic visuo-proprioceptive patterns. In our previous study [1], we have shown that the deep dynamic neural network model was able to coordinate visual perception and action generation in a sea...
computer science
10,110
Stock Trading Using PE ratio: A Dynamic Bayesian Network Modeling on Behavioral Finance and Fundamental Investment
cs.CE
On a daily investment decision in a security market, the price earnings (PE) ratio is one of the most widely applied methods being used as a firm valuation tool by investment experts. Unfortunately, recent academic developments in financial econometrics and machine learning rarely look at this tool. In practice, fundam...
computer science
10,111
Optimal Auctions through Deep Learning
cs.GT
Designing an auction that maximizes expected revenue is an intricate task. Indeed, as of today--despite major efforts and impressive progress over the past few years--only the single-item case is fully understood. In this work, we initiate the exploration of the use of tools from deep learning on this topic. The design...
computer science
10,112
Generative Models for Learning from Crowds
cs.AI
In this paper, we propose generative probabilistic models for label aggregation. We use Gibbs sampling and a novel variational inference algorithm to perform the posterior inference. Empirical results show that our methods consistently outperform state-of-the-art methods.
computer science
10,113
Multi-Label Annotation Aggregation in Crowdsourcing
cs.LG
As a means of human-based computation, crowdsourcing has been widely used to annotate large-scale unlabeled datasets. One of the obvious challenges is how to aggregate these possibly noisy labels provided by a set of heterogeneous annotators. Another challenge stems from the difficulty in evaluating the annotator relia...
computer science
10,114
A Hybrid Approach with Multi-channel I-Vectors and Convolutional Neural Networks for Acoustic Scene Classification
cs.SD
In Acoustic Scene Classification (ASC) two major approaches have been followed . While one utilizes engineered features such as mel-frequency-cepstral-coefficients (MFCCs), the other uses learned features that are the outcome of an optimization algorithm. I-vectors are the result of a modeling technique that usually ta...
computer science
10,115
NPGLM: A Non-Parametric Method for Temporal Link Prediction
cs.LG
In this paper, we try to solve the problem of temporal link prediction in information networks. This implies predicting the time it takes for a link to appear in the future, given its features that have been extracted at the current network snapshot. To this end, we introduce a probabilistic non-parametric approach, ca...
computer science
10,116
An approach to reachability analysis for feed-forward ReLU neural networks
cs.AI
We study the reachability problem for systems implemented as feed-forward neural networks whose activation function is implemented via ReLU functions. We draw a correspondence between establishing whether some arbitrary output can ever be outputed by a neural system and linear problems characterising a neural system of...
computer science
10,117
Neural SLAM: Learning to Explore with External Memory
cs.LG
We present an approach for agents to learn representations of a global map from sensor data, to aid their exploration in new environments. To achieve this, we embed procedures mimicking that of traditional Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) into the soft attention based addressing of external memory architect...
computer science
10,118
Graph Based Recommendations: From Data Representation to Feature Extraction and Application
cs.IR
Modeling users for the purpose of identifying their preferences and then personalizing services on the basis of these models is a complex task, primarily due to the need to take into consideration various explicit and implicit signals, missing or uncertain information, contextual aspects, and more. In this study, a nov...
computer science
10,119
Evaluating race and sex diversity in the world's largest companies using deep neural networks
cs.CY
Diversity is one of the fundamental properties for the survival of species, populations, and organizations. Recent advances in deep learning allow for the rapid and automatic assessment of organizational diversity and possible discrimination by race, sex, age and other parameters. Automating the process of assessing th...
computer science
10,120
A Fast Integrated Planning and Control Framework for Autonomous Driving via Imitation Learning
cs.AI
For safe and efficient planning and control in autonomous driving, we need a driving policy which can achieve desirable driving quality in long-term horizon with guaranteed safety and feasibility. Optimization-based approaches, such as Model Predictive Control (MPC), can provide such optimal policies, but their computa...
computer science
10,121
Best-Effort Inductive Logic Programming via Fine-grained Cost-based Hypothesis Generation
cs.AI
We describe the Inspire system which participated in the first competition on Inductive Logic Programming (ILP). Inspire is based on Answer Set Programming (ASP). The distinguishing feature of Inspire is an ASP encoding for hypothesis space generation: given a set of facts representing the mode bias, and a set of cost ...
computer science
10,122
Vision-Based Multi-Task Manipulation for Inexpensive Robots Using End-To-End Learning from Demonstration
cs.LG
In this paper, we propose a multi-task learning from demonstration method that works using raw images as input to autonomously accomplish a wide variety of tasks in the real world using a low-cost robotic arm. The controller is a single recurrent neural network that can generate robot arm trajectories to perform differ...
computer science
10,123
Learning Heuristic Search via Imitation
cs.RO
Robotic motion planning problems are typically solved by constructing a search tree of valid maneuvers from a start to a goal configuration. Limited onboard computation and real-time planning constraints impose a limit on how large this search tree can grow. Heuristics play a crucial role in such situations by guiding ...
computer science
10,124
A Survey on Resilient Machine Learning
cs.AI
Machine learning based system are increasingly being used for sensitive tasks such as security surveillance, guiding autonomous vehicle, taking investment decisions, detecting and blocking network intrusion and malware etc. However, recent research has shown that machine learning models are venerable to attacks by adve...
computer science
10,125
Learning like humans with Deep Symbolic Networks
cs.AI
We introduce the Deep Symbolic Network (DSN) model, which aims at becoming the white-box version of Deep Neural Networks (DNN). The DSN model provides a simple, universal yet powerful structure, similar to DNN, to represent any knowledge of the world, which is transparent to humans. The conjecture behind the DSN model ...
computer science
10,126
Predicting Abandonment in Online Coding Tutorials
cs.LG
Learners regularly abandon online coding tutorials when they get bored or frustrated, but there are few techniques for anticipating this abandonment to intervene. In this paper, we examine the feasibility of predicting abandonment with machine-learned classifiers. Using interaction logs from an online programming game,...
computer science
10,127
Lenient Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning
cs.MA
Much of the success of single agent deep reinforcement learning (DRL) in recent years can be attributed to the use of experience replay memories (ERM), which allow Deep Q-Networks (DQNs) to be trained efficiently through sampling stored state transitions. However, care is required when using ERMs for multi-agent deep r...
computer science
10,128
On-line Building Energy Optimization using Deep Reinforcement Learning
cs.LG
Unprecedented high volumes of data are becoming available with the growth of the advanced metering infrastructure. These are expected to benefit planning and operation of the future power system, and to help the customers transition from a passive to an active role. In this paper, we explore for the first time in the s...
computer science
10,129
Pragmatic-Pedagogic Value Alignment
cs.AI
As intelligent systems gain autonomy and capability, it becomes vital to ensure that their objectives match those of their human users; this is known as the value-alignment problem. In robotics, value alignment is key to the design of collaborative robots that can integrate into human workflows, successfully inferring ...
computer science
10,130
Data-Driven Stochastic Robust Optimization: A General Computational Framework and Algorithm for Optimization under Uncertainty in the Big Data Era
cs.LG
A novel data-driven stochastic robust optimization (DDSRO) framework is proposed for optimization under uncertainty leveraging labeled multi-class uncertainty data. Uncertainty data in large datasets are often collected from various conditions, which are encoded by class labels. Machine learning methods including Diric...
computer science
10,131
The Topology of Statistical Verifiability
cs.LG
Topological models of empirical and formal inquiry are increasingly prevalent. They have emerged in such diverse fields as domain theory [1, 16], formal learning theory [18], epistemology and philosophy of science [10, 15, 8, 9, 2], statistics [6, 7] and modal logic [17, 4]. In those applications, open sets are typical...
computer science
10,132
Adversarial-Playground: A Visualization Suite Showing How Adversarial Examples Fool Deep Learning
cs.CR
Recent studies have shown that attackers can force deep learning models to misclassify so-called "adversarial examples": maliciously generated images formed by making imperceptible modifications to pixel values. With growing interest in deep learning for security applications, it is important for security experts and u...
computer science
10,133
PowerAI DDL
cs.DC
As deep neural networks become more complex and input datasets grow larger, it can take days or even weeks to train a deep neural network to the desired accuracy. Therefore, distributed Deep Learning at a massive scale is a critical capability, since it offers the potential to reduce the training time from weeks to hou...
computer science
10,134
Neural Network Dynamics for Model-Based Deep Reinforcement Learning with Model-Free Fine-Tuning
cs.LG
Model-free deep reinforcement learning algorithms have been shown to be capable of learning a wide range of robotic skills, but typically require a very large number of samples to achieve good performance. Model-based algorithms, in principle, can provide for much more efficient learning, but have proven difficult to e...
computer science
10,135
Resilient Linear Classification: An Approach to Deal with Attacks on Training Data
cs.LG
Data-driven techniques are used in cyber-physical systems (CPS) for controlling autonomous vehicles, handling demand responses for energy management, and modeling human physiology for medical devices. These data-driven techniques extract models from training data, where their performance is often analyzed with respect ...
computer science
10,136
Learning to Plan Chemical Syntheses
cs.AI
From medicines to materials, small organic molecules are indispensable for human well-being. To plan their syntheses, chemists employ a problem solving technique called retrosynthesis. In retrosynthesis, target molecules are recursively transformed into increasingly simpler precursor compounds until a set of readily av...
computer science
10,137
Learning Musical Relations using Gated Autoencoders
cs.SD
Music is usually highly structured and it is still an open question how to design models which can successfully learn to recognize and represent musical structure. A fundamental problem is that structurally related patterns can have very distinct appearances, because the structural relationships are often based on tran...
computer science
10,138
SafePredict: A Meta-Algorithm for Machine Learning That Uses Refusals to Guarantee Correctness
cs.LG
SafePredict is a novel meta-algorithm that works with any base prediction algorithm for online data to guarantee an arbitrarily chosen correctness rate, $1-\epsilon$, by allowing refusals. Allowing refusals means that the meta-algorithm may refuse to emit a prediction produced by the base algorithm on occasion so that ...
computer science
10,139
Learning Deep Neural Network Representations for Koopman Operators of Nonlinear Dynamical Systems
cs.LG
The Koopman operator has recently garnered much attention for its value in dynamical systems analysis and data-driven model discovery. However, its application has been hindered by the computational complexity of extended dynamic mode decomposition; this requires a combinatorially large basis set to adequately describe...
computer science
10,140
DeepTest: Automated Testing of Deep-Neural-Network-driven Autonomous Cars
cs.SE
Recent advances in Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have led to the development of DNN-driven autonomous cars that, using sensors like camera, LiDAR, etc., can drive without any human intervention. Most major manufacturers including Tesla, GM, Ford, BMW, and Waymo/Google are working on building and testing different types o...
computer science
10,141
Safe Reinforcement Learning via Shielding
cs.LO
Reinforcement learning algorithms discover policies that maximize reward, but do not necessarily guarantee safety during learning or execution phases. We introduce a new approach to learn optimal policies while enforcing properties expressed in temporal logic. To this end, given the temporal logic specification that is...
computer science
10,142
From Query-By-Keyword to Query-By-Example: LinkedIn Talent Search Approach
cs.IR
One key challenge in talent search is to translate complex criteria of a hiring position into a search query, while it is relatively easy for a searcher to list examples of suitable candidates for a given position. To improve search efficiency, we propose the next generation of talent search at LinkedIn, also referred ...
computer science
10,143
Interacting Attention-gated Recurrent Networks for Recommendation
cs.IR
Capturing the temporal dynamics of user preferences over items is important for recommendation. Existing methods mainly assume that all time steps in user-item interaction history are equally relevant to recommendation, which however does not apply in real-world scenarios where user-item interactions can often happen a...
computer science
10,144
Bayesian Optimisation for Safe Navigation under Localisation Uncertainty
cs.RO
In outdoor environments, mobile robots are required to navigate through terrain with varying characteristics, some of which might significantly affect the integrity of the platform. Ideally, the robot should be able to identify areas that are safe for navigation based on its own percepts about the environment while avo...
computer science
10,145
An Analysis of ISO 26262: Using Machine Learning Safely in Automotive Software
cs.AI
Machine learning (ML) plays an ever-increasing role in advanced automotive functionality for driver assistance and autonomous operation; however, its adequacy from the perspective of safety certification remains controversial. In this paper, we analyze the impacts that the use of ML as an implementation approach has on...
computer science
10,146
Causality-Aided Falsification
cs.SY
Falsification is drawing attention in quality assurance of heterogeneous systems whose complexities are beyond most verification techniques' scalability. In this paper we introduce the idea of causality aid in falsification: by providing a falsification solver -- that relies on stochastic optimization of a certain cost...
computer science
10,147
Identifying Irregular Power Usage by Turning Predictions into Holographic Spatial Visualizations
cs.LG
Power grids are critical infrastructure assets that face non-technical losses (NTL) such as electricity theft or faulty meters. NTL may range up to 40% of the total electricity distributed in emerging countries. Industrial NTL detection systems are still largely based on expert knowledge when deciding whether to carry ...
computer science
10,148
MBMF: Model-Based Priors for Model-Free Reinforcement Learning
cs.LG
Reinforcement Learning is divided in two main paradigms: model-free and model-based. Each of these two paradigms has strengths and limitations, and has been successfully applied to real world domains that are appropriate to its corresponding strengths. In this paper, we present a new approach aimed at bridging the gap ...
computer science
10,149
Automated Cloud Provisioning on AWS using Deep Reinforcement Learning
cs.DC
As the use of cloud computing continues to rise, controlling cost becomes increasingly important. Yet there is evidence that 30\% - 45\% of cloud spend is wasted. Existing tools for cloud provisioning typically rely on highly trained human experts to specify what to monitor, thresholds for triggering action, and action...
computer science
10,150
An Empirical Study of AI Population Dynamics with Million-agent Reinforcement Learning
cs.AI
In this paper, we conduct an empirical study on discovering the ordered collective dynamics obtained by a population of artificial intelligence (AI) agents. Our intention is to put AI agents into a simulated natural context, and then to understand their induced dynamics at the population level. In particular, we aim to...
computer science
10,151
Feedforward and Recurrent Neural Networks Backward Propagation and Hessian in Matrix Form
cs.LG
In this paper we focus on the linear algebra theory behind feedforward (FNN) and recurrent (RNN) neural networks. We review backward propagation, including backward propagation through time (BPTT). Also, we obtain a new exact expression for Hessian, which represents second order effects. We show that for $t$ time steps...
computer science
10,152
MuseGAN: Multi-track Sequential Generative Adversarial Networks for Symbolic Music Generation and Accompaniment
eess.AS
Generating music has a few notable differences from generating images and videos. First, music is an art of time, necessitating a temporal model. Second, music is usually composed of multiple instruments/tracks with their own temporal dynamics, but collectively they unfold over time interdependently. Lastly, musical no...
computer science
10,153
Exact Learning of Lightweight Description Logic Ontologies
cs.LG
We study the problem of learning description logic (DL) ontologies in Angluin et al.'s framework of exact learning via queries. We admit membership queries ("is a given subsumption entailed by the target ontology?") and equivalence queries ("is a given ontology equivalent to the target ontology?"). We present three mai...
computer science
10,154
Multi-task Learning with Gradient Guided Policy Specialization
cs.RO
We present a method for efficient learning of control policies for multiple related robotic motor skills. Our approach consists of two stages, joint training and specialization training. During the joint training stage, a neural network policy is trained with minimal information to disambiguate the motor skills. This f...
computer science
10,155
Self-supervised learning: When is fusion of the primary and secondary sensor cue useful?
cs.RO
Self-supervised learning (SSL) is a reliable learning mechanism in which a robot enhances its perceptual capabilities. Typically, in SSL a trusted, primary sensor cue provides supervised training data to a secondary sensor cue. In this article, a theoretical analysis is performed on the fusion of the primary and second...
computer science
10,156
Underwater Multi-Robot Convoying using Visual Tracking by Detection
cs.RO
We present a robust multi-robot convoying approach that relies on visual detection of the leading agent, thus enabling target following in unstructured 3-D environments. Our method is based on the idea of tracking-by-detection, which interleaves efficient model-based object detection with temporal filtering of image-ba...
computer science
10,157
Towards continuous control of flippers for a multi-terrain robot using deep reinforcement learning
cs.RO
In this paper we focus on developing a control algorithm for multi-terrain tracked robots with flippers using a reinforcement learning (RL) approach. The work is based on the deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) algorithm, proven to be very successful in simple simulation environments. The algorithm works in an en...
computer science
10,158
Towards automation of data quality system for CERN CMS experiment
cs.AI
Daily operation of a large-scale experiment is a challenging task, particularly from perspectives of routine monitoring of quality for data being taken. We describe an approach that uses Machine Learning for the automated system to monitor data quality, which is based on partial use of data qualified manually by detect...
computer science
10,159
Active Learning amidst Logical Knowledge
cs.AI
Structured prediction is ubiquitous in applications of machine learning such as knowledge extraction and natural language processing. Structure often can be formulated in terms of logical constraints. We consider the question of how to perform efficient active learning in the presence of logical constraints among varia...
computer science
10,160
A Benchmark Environment Motivated by Industrial Control Problems
cs.AI
In the research area of reinforcement learning (RL), frequently novel and promising methods are developed and introduced to the RL community. However, although many researchers are keen to apply their methods on real-world problems, implementing such methods in real industry environments often is a frustrating and tedi...
computer science
10,161
Premise Selection for Theorem Proving by Deep Graph Embedding
cs.AI
We propose a deep learning-based approach to the problem of premise selection: selecting mathematical statements relevant for proving a given conjecture. We represent a higher-order logic formula as a graph that is invariant to variable renaming but still fully preserves syntactic and semantic information. We then embe...
computer science
10,162
Towards Optimally Decentralized Multi-Robot Collision Avoidance via Deep Reinforcement Learning
cs.RO
Developing a safe and efficient collision avoidance policy for multiple robots is challenging in the decentralized scenarios where each robot generate its paths without observing other robots' states and intents. While other distributed multi-robot collision avoidance systems exist, they often require extracting agent-...
computer science
10,163
Learning Complex Dexterous Manipulation with Deep Reinforcement Learning and Demonstrations
cs.LG
Dexterous multi-fingered hands are extremely versatile and provide a generic way to perform multiple tasks in human-centric environments. However, effectively controlling them remains challenging due to their high dimensionality and large number of potential contacts. Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) provides a model-...
computer science
10,164
Provably Minimally-Distorted Adversarial Examples
cs.LG
The ability to deploy neural networks in real-world, safety-critical systems is severely limited by the presence of adversarial examples: slightly perturbed inputs that are misclassified by the network. In recent years, several techniques have been proposed for increasing robustness to adversarial examples --- and yet ...
computer science
10,165
Self-supervised Deep Reinforcement Learning with Generalized Computation Graphs for Robot Navigation
cs.LG
Enabling robots to autonomously navigate complex environments is essential for real-world deployment. Prior methods approach this problem by having the robot maintain an internal map of the world, and then use a localization and planning method to navigate through the internal map. However, these approaches often inclu...
computer science
10,166
Rényi Differential Privacy Mechanisms for Posterior Sampling
cs.LG
Using a recently proposed privacy definition of R\'enyi Differential Privacy (RDP), we re-examine the inherent privacy of releasing a single sample from a posterior distribution. We exploit the impact of the prior distribution in mitigating the influence of individual data points. In particular, we focus on sampling fr...
computer science
10,167
Neural Task Programming: Learning to Generalize Across Hierarchical Tasks
cs.AI
In this work, we propose a novel robot learning framework called Neural Task Programming (NTP), which bridges the idea of few-shot learning from demonstration and neural program induction. NTP takes as input a task specification (e.g., video demonstration of a task) and recursively decomposes it into finer sub-task spe...
computer science
10,168
Socially Compliant Navigation through Raw Depth Inputs with Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning
cs.RO
We present an approach for mobile robots to learn to navigate in dynamic environments with pedestrians via raw depth inputs, in a socially compliant manner. To achieve this, we adopt a generative adversarial imitation learning (GAIL) strategy, which improves upon a pre-trained behavior cloning policy. Our approach over...
computer science
10,169
Specification Inference from Demonstrations
cs.LG
Learning from expert demonstrations has received a lot of attention in artificial intelligence and machine learning. The goal is to infer the underlying reward function that an agent is optimizing given a set of observations of the agent's behavior over time in a variety of circumstances, the system state trajectories,...
computer science
10,170
Synkhronos: a Multi-GPU Theano Extension for Data Parallelism
cs.DC
We present Synkhronos, an extension to Theano for multi-GPU computations leveraging data parallelism. Our framework provides automated execution and synchronization across devices, allowing users to continue to write serial programs without risk of race conditions. The NVIDIA Collective Communication Library is used fo...
computer science
10,171
Community Aware Random Walk for Network Embedding
cs.SI
Social network analysis provides meaningful information about behavior of network members that can be used for diverse applications such as classification, link prediction. However, network analysis is computationally expensive because of feature learning for different applications. In recent years, many researches hav...
computer science
10,172
Map-based Multi-Policy Reinforcement Learning: Enhancing Adaptability of Robots by Deep Reinforcement Learning
cs.RO
In order for robots to perform mission-critical tasks, it is essential that they are able to quickly adapt to changes in their environment as well as to injuries and or other bodily changes. Deep reinforcement learning has been shown to be successful in training robot control policies for operation in complex environme...
computer science
10,173
Asymmetric Actor Critic for Image-Based Robot Learning
cs.RO
Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has proven a powerful technique in many sequential decision making domains. However, Robotics poses many challenges for RL, most notably training on a physical system can be expensive and dangerous, which has sparked significant interest in learning control policies using a physics simu...
computer science
10,174
Model Identification via Physics Engines for Improved Policy Search
cs.RO
This paper presents a practical approach for identifying unknown mechanical parameters, such as mass and friction models of manipulated rigid objects or actuated robotic links, in a succinct manner that aims to improve the performance of policy search algorithms. Key features of this approach are the use of off-the-she...
computer science
10,175
Efficiently Trainable Text-to-Speech System Based on Deep Convolutional Networks with Guided Attention
cs.SD
This paper describes a novel text-to-speech (TTS) technique based on deep convolutional neural networks (CNN), without any recurrent units. Recurrent neural network (RNN) has been a standard technique to model sequential data recently, and this technique has been used in some cutting-edge neural TTS techniques. However...
computer science
10,176
Inverse Reinforcement Learning Under Noisy Observations
cs.RO
We consider the problem of performing inverse reinforcement learning when the trajectory of the expert is not perfectly observed by the learner. Instead, a noisy continuous-time observation of the trajectory is provided to the learner. This problem exhibits wide-ranging applications and the specific application we cons...
computer science
10,177
Interpretable Apprenticeship Learning with Temporal Logic Specifications
cs.SY
Recent work has addressed using formulas in linear temporal logic (LTL) as specifications for agents planning in Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). We consider the inverse problem: inferring an LTL specification from demonstrated behavior trajectories in MDPs. We formulate this as a multiobjective optimization problem, ...
computer science
10,178
Artificial Intelligence as Structural Estimation: Economic Interpretations of Deep Blue, Bonanza, and AlphaGo
econ.EM
Artificial intelligence (AI) has achieved superhuman performance in a growing number of tasks, but understanding and explaining AI remain challenging. This paper clarifies the connections between machine-learning algorithms to develop AIs and the econometrics of dynamic structural models through the case studies of thr...
computer science
10,179
Deep Forward and Inverse Perceptual Models for Tracking and Prediction
cs.RO
We consider the problems of learning forward models that map state to high-dimensional images and inverse models that map high-dimensional images to state in robotics. Specifically, we present a perceptual model for generating video frames from state with deep networks, and provide a framework for its use in tracking a...
computer science
10,180
Learning to Represent Programs with Graphs
cs.LG
Learning tasks on source code (i.e., formal languages) have been considered recently, but most work has tried to transfer natural language methods and does not capitalize on the unique opportunities offered by code's known syntax. For example, long-range dependencies induced by using the same variable or function in di...
computer science
10,181
A Unified Game-Theoretic Approach to Multiagent Reinforcement Learning
cs.AI
To achieve general intelligence, agents must learn how to interact with others in a shared environment: this is the challenge of multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL). The simplest form is independent reinforcement learning (InRL), where each agent treats its experience as part of its (non-stationary) environment. I...
computer science
10,182
Provable defenses against adversarial examples via the convex outer adversarial polytope
cs.LG
We propose a method to learn deep ReLU-based classifiers that are provably robust against norm-bounded adversarial perturbations on the training data. For previously unseen examples, the approach is guaranteed to detect all adversarial examples, though it may flag some non-adversarial examples as well. The basic idea i...
computer science
10,183
Guiding the search in continuous state-action spaces by learning an action sampling distribution from off-target samples
cs.AI
In robotics, it is essential to be able to plan efficiently in high-dimensional continuous state-action spaces for long horizons. For such complex planning problems, unguided uniform sampling of actions until a path to a goal is found is hopelessly inefficient, and gradient-based approaches often fall short when the op...
computer science
10,184
HPX Smart Executors
cs.DC
The performance of many parallel applications depends on loop-level parallelism. However, manually parallelizing all loops may result in degrading parallel performance, as some of them cannot scale desirably to a large number of threads. In addition, the overheads of manually tuning loop parameters might prevent an app...
computer science
10,185
RoboCupSimData: A RoboCup soccer research dataset
cs.AI
RoboCup is an international scientific robot competition in which teams of multiple robots compete against each other. Its different leagues provide many sources of robotics data, that can be used for further analysis and application of machine learning. This paper describes a large dataset from games of some of the to...
computer science
10,186
Un résultat intrigant en commande sans modèle
cs.SY
An elementary mathematical example proves, thanks to the Routh-Hurwitz criterion, a result that is intriguing with respect to today's practical understanding of model-free control, i.e., an "intelligent" proportional controller (iP) may turn to be more difficult to tune than an intelligent proportional-derivative one (...
computer science
10,187
Communicative Capital for Prosthetic Agents
cs.AI
This work presents an overarching perspective on the role that machine intelligence can play in enhancing human abilities, especially those that have been diminished due to injury or illness. As a primary contribution, we develop the hypothesis that assistive devices, and specifically artificial arms and hands, can and...
computer science
10,188
Deep Within-Class Covariance Analysis for Acoustic Scene Classification
cs.LG
Within-Class Covariance Normalization (WCCN) is a powerful post-processing method for normalizing the within-class covariance of a set of data points. WCCN projects the observations into a linear sub-space where the within-class variability is reduced. This property has proven to be beneficial in subsequent recognition...
computer science
10,189
Bayesian Best-Arm Identification for Selecting Influenza Mitigation Strategies
cs.LG
Pandemic influenza has the epidemic potential to kill millions of people. While various preventive measures exist (i.a., vaccination and school closures), deciding on strategies that lead to their most effective and efficient use, remains challenging. To this end, individual-based epidemiological models are essential t...
computer science
10,190
Fullie and Wiselie: A Dual-Stream Recurrent Convolutional Attention Model for Activity Recognition
cs.HC
Multimodal features play a key role in wearable sensor based Human Activity Recognition (HAR). Selecting the most salient features adaptively is a promising way to maximize the effectiveness of multimodal sensor data. In this regard, we propose a "collect fully and select wisely (Fullie and Wiselie)" principle as well ...
computer science
10,191
MagNet and "Efficient Defenses Against Adversarial Attacks" are Not Robust to Adversarial Examples
cs.LG
MagNet and "Efficient Defenses..." were recently proposed as a defense to adversarial examples. We find that we can construct adversarial examples that defeat these defenses with only a slight increase in distortion.
computer science
10,192
Recurrent Generative Adversarial Networks for Proximal Learning and Automated Compressive Image Recovery
cs.AI
Recovering images from undersampled linear measurements typically leads to an ill-posed linear inverse problem, that asks for proper statistical priors. Building effective priors is however challenged by the low train and test overhead dictated by real-time tasks; and the need for retrieving visually "plausible" and ph...
computer science
10,193
Risk-sensitive Inverse Reinforcement Learning via Semi- and Non-Parametric Methods
cs.AI
The literature on Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) typically assumes that humans take actions in order to minimize the expected value of a cost function, i.e., that humans are risk neutral. Yet, in practice, humans are often far from being risk neutral. To fill this gap, the objective of this paper is to devise a f...
computer science
10,194
Homomorphic Parameter Compression for Distributed Deep Learning Training
cs.DC
Distributed training of deep neural networks has received significant research interest, and its major approaches include implementations on multiple GPUs and clusters. Parallelization can dramatically improve the efficiency of training deep and complicated models with large-scale data. A fundamental barrier against th...
computer science
10,195
One-Shot Reinforcement Learning for Robot Navigation with Interactive Replay
cs.AI
Recently, model-free reinforcement learning algorithms have been shown to solve challenging problems by learning from extensive interaction with the environment. A significant issue with transferring this success to the robotics domain is that interaction with the real world is costly, but training on limited experienc...
computer science
10,196
Backprop as Functor: A compositional perspective on supervised learning
math.CT
A supervised learning algorithm searches over a set of functions $A \to B$ parametrised by a space $P$ to find the best approximation to some ideal function $f\colon A \to B$. It does this by taking examples $(a,f(a)) \in A\times B$, and updating the parameter according to some rule. We define a category where these up...
computer science
10,197
Improving Latent User Models in Online Social Media
cs.SI
Modern social platforms are characterized by the presence of rich user-behavior data associated with the publication, sharing and consumption of textual content. Users interact with content and with each other in a complex and dynamic social environment while simultaneously evolving over time. In order to effectively c...
computer science
10,198
MAgent: A Many-Agent Reinforcement Learning Platform for Artificial Collective Intelligence
cs.LG
We introduce MAgent, a platform to support research and development of many-agent reinforcement learning. Unlike previous research platforms on single or multi-agent reinforcement learning, MAgent focuses on supporting the tasks and the applications that require hundreds to millions of agents. Within the interactions a...
computer science
10,199
Transferring Autonomous Driving Knowledge on Simulated and Real Intersections
cs.LG
We view intersection handling on autonomous vehicles as a reinforcement learning problem, and study its behavior in a transfer learning setting. We show that a network trained on one type of intersection generally is not able to generalize to other intersections. However, a network that is pre-trained on one intersecti...
computer science
10,200
A Class of Logistic Functions for Approximating State-Inclusive Koopman Operators
cs.LG
An outstanding challenge in nonlinear systems theory is identification or learning of a given nonlinear system's Koopman operator directly from data or models. Advances in extended dynamic mode decomposition approaches and machine learning methods have enabled data-driven discovery of Koopman operators, for both contin...
computer science