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10,301
Quilting Stochastic Kronecker Product Graphs to Generate Multiplicative Attribute Graphs
stat.ML
We describe the first sub-quadratic sampling algorithm for the Multiplicative Attribute Graph Model (MAGM) of Kim and Leskovec (2010). We exploit the close connection between MAGM and the Kronecker Product Graph Model (KPGM) of Leskovec et al. (2010), and show that to sample a graph from a MAGM it suffices to sample sm...
computer science
10,302
The multi-armed bandit problem with covariates
math.ST
We consider a multi-armed bandit problem in a setting where each arm produces a noisy reward realization which depends on an observable random covariate. As opposed to the traditional static multi-armed bandit problem, this setting allows for dynamically changing rewards that better describe applications where side inf...
computer science
10,303
PAC-Bayesian Inequalities for Martingales
cs.LG
We present a set of high-probability inequalities that control the concentration of weighted averages of multiple (possibly uncountably many) simultaneously evolving and interdependent martingales. Our results extend the PAC-Bayesian analysis in learning theory from the i.i.d. setting to martingales opening the way for...
computer science
10,304
Stochastic gradient descent on Riemannian manifolds
math.OC
Stochastic gradient descent is a simple approach to find the local minima of a cost function whose evaluations are corrupted by noise. In this paper, we develop a procedure extending stochastic gradient descent algorithms to the case where the function is defined on a Riemannian manifold. We prove that, as in the Eucli...
computer science
10,305
Falsification and future performance
stat.ML
We information-theoretically reformulate two measures of capacity from statistical learning theory: empirical VC-entropy and empirical Rademacher complexity. We show these capacity measures count the number of hypotheses about a dataset that a learning algorithm falsifies when it finds the classifier in its repertoire ...
computer science
10,306
Sparse Nonparametric Graphical Models
stat.ML
We present some nonparametric methods for graphical modeling. In the discrete case, where the data are binary or drawn from a finite alphabet, Markov random fields are already essentially nonparametric, since the cliques can take only a finite number of values. Continuous data are different. The Gaussian graphical mode...
computer science
10,307
Feature Selection via Regularized Trees
cs.LG
We propose a tree regularization framework, which enables many tree models to perform feature selection efficiently. The key idea of the regularization framework is to penalize selecting a new feature for splitting when its gain (e.g. information gain) is similar to the features used in previous splits. The regularizat...
computer science
10,308
Adaptive Policies for Sequential Sampling under Incomplete Information and a Cost Constraint
stat.ML
We consider the problem of sequential sampling from a finite number of independent statistical populations to maximize the expected infinite horizon average outcome per period, under a constraint that the expected average sampling cost does not exceed an upper bound. The outcome distributions are not known. We construc...
computer science
10,309
Random Feature Maps for Dot Product Kernels
cs.LG
Approximating non-linear kernels using feature maps has gained a lot of interest in recent years due to applications in reducing training and testing times of SVM classifiers and other kernel based learning algorithms. We extend this line of work and present low distortion embeddings for dot product kernels into linear...
computer science
10,310
Change-Point Detection in Time-Series Data by Relative Density-Ratio Estimation
stat.ML
The objective of change-point detection is to discover abrupt property changes lying behind time-series data. In this paper, we present a novel statistical change-point detection algorithm based on non-parametric divergence estimation between time-series samples from two retrospective segments. Our method uses the rela...
computer science
10,311
Infinite Shift-invariant Grouped Multi-task Learning for Gaussian Processes
cs.LG
Multi-task learning leverages shared information among data sets to improve the learning performance of individual tasks. The paper applies this framework for data where each task is a phase-shifted periodic time series. In particular, we develop a novel Bayesian nonparametric model capturing a mixture of Gaussian proc...
computer science
10,312
Decentralized, Adaptive, Look-Ahead Particle Filtering
stat.ML
The decentralized particle filter (DPF) was proposed recently to increase the level of parallelism of particle filtering. Given a decomposition of the state space into two nested sets of variables, the DPF uses a particle filter to sample the first set and then conditions on this sample to generate a set of samples for...
computer science
10,313
Deviation optimal learning using greedy Q-aggregation
math.ST
Given a finite family of functions, the goal of model selection aggregation is to construct a procedure that mimics the function from this family that is the closest to an unknown regression function. More precisely, we consider a general regression model with fixed design and measure the distance between functions by ...
computer science
10,314
Timeline: A Dynamic Hierarchical Dirichlet Process Model for Recovering Birth/Death and Evolution of Topics in Text Stream
cs.IR
Topic models have proven to be a useful tool for discovering latent structures in document collections. However, most document collections often come as temporal streams and thus several aspects of the latent structure such as the number of topics, the topics' distribution and popularity are time-evolving. Several mode...
computer science
10,315
Algorithms and Complexity Results for Exact Bayesian Structure Learning
cs.LG
Bayesian structure learning is the NP-hard problem of discovering a Bayesian network that optimally represents a given set of training data. In this paper we study the computational worst-case complexity of exact Bayesian structure learning under graph theoretic restrictions on the super-structure. The super-structure ...
computer science
10,316
On the Equivalence between Herding and Conditional Gradient Algorithms
cs.LG
We show that the herding procedure of Welling (2009) takes exactly the form of a standard convex optimization algorithm--namely a conditional gradient algorithm minimizing a quadratic moment discrepancy. This link enables us to invoke convergence results from convex optimization and to consider faster alternatives for ...
computer science
10,317
Relax and Localize: From Value to Algorithms
cs.LG
We show a principled way of deriving online learning algorithms from a minimax analysis. Various upper bounds on the minimax value, previously thought to be non-constructive, are shown to yield algorithms. This allows us to seamlessly recover known methods and to derive new ones. Our framework also captures such "unort...
computer science
10,318
Fast projections onto mixed-norm balls with applications
stat.ML
Joint sparsity offers powerful structural cues for feature selection, especially for variables that are expected to demonstrate a "grouped" behavior. Such behavior is commonly modeled via group-lasso, multitask lasso, and related methods where feature selection is effected via mixed-norms. Several mixed-norm based spar...
computer science
10,319
Density-sensitive semisupervised inference
math.ST
Semisupervised methods are techniques for using labeled data $(X_1,Y_1),\ldots,(X_n,Y_n)$ together with unlabeled data $X_{n+1},\ldots,X_N$ to make predictions. These methods invoke some assumptions that link the marginal distribution $P_X$ of X to the regression function f(x). For example, it is common to assume that ...
computer science
10,320
The asymptotics of ranking algorithms
math.ST
We consider the predictive problem of supervised ranking, where the task is to rank sets of candidate items returned in response to queries. Although there exist statistical procedures that come with guarantees of consistency in this setting, these procedures require that individuals provide a complete ranking of all i...
computer science
10,321
On Power-law Kernels, corresponding Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space and Applications
cs.LG
The role of kernels is central to machine learning. Motivated by the importance of power-law distributions in statistical modeling, in this paper, we propose the notion of power-law kernels to investigate power-laws in learning problem. We propose two power-law kernels by generalizing Gaussian and Laplacian kernels. Th...
computer science
10,322
A Simple Explanation of A Spectral Algorithm for Learning Hidden Markov Models
stat.ME
A simple linear algebraic explanation of the algorithm in "A Spectral Algorithm for Learning Hidden Markov Models" (COLT 2009). Most of the content is in Figure 2; the text just makes everything precise in four nearly-trivial claims.
computer science
10,323
Modeling Relational Data via Latent Factor Blockmodel
cs.DS
In this paper we address the problem of modeling relational data, which appear in many applications such as social network analysis, recommender systems and bioinformatics. Previous studies either consider latent feature based models but disregarding local structure in the network, or focus exclusively on capturing loc...
computer science
10,324
Probabilistic Latent Tensor Factorization Model for Link Pattern Prediction in Multi-relational Networks
cs.SI
This paper aims at the problem of link pattern prediction in collections of objects connected by multiple relation types, where each type may play a distinct role. While common link analysis models are limited to single-type link prediction, we attempt here to capture the correlations among different relation types and...
computer science
10,325
EigenGP: Sparse Gaussian process models with data-dependent eigenfunctions
cs.LG
Gaussian processes (GPs) provide a nonparametric representation of functions. However, classical GP inference suffers from high computational cost and it is difficult to design nonstationary GP priors in practice. In this paper, we propose a sparse Gaussian process model, EigenGP, based on the Karhunen-Loeve (KL) expan...
computer science
10,326
Message passing with relaxed moment matching
cs.LG
Bayesian learning is often hampered by large computational expense. As a powerful generalization of popular belief propagation, expectation propagation (EP) efficiently approximates the exact Bayesian computation. Nevertheless, EP can be sensitive to outliers and suffer from divergence for difficult cases. To address t...
computer science
10,327
Supervised Feature Selection in Graphs with Path Coding Penalties and Network Flows
stat.ML
We consider supervised learning problems where the features are embedded in a graph, such as gene expressions in a gene network. In this context, it is of much interest to automatically select a subgraph with few connected components; by exploiting prior knowledge, one can indeed improve the prediction performance or o...
computer science
10,328
Fast and Robust Recursive Algorithms for Separable Nonnegative Matrix Factorization
stat.ML
In this paper, we study the nonnegative matrix factorization problem under the separability assumption (that is, there exists a cone spanned by a small subset of the columns of the input nonnegative data matrix containing all columns), which is equivalent to the hyperspectral unmixing problem under the linear mixing mo...
computer science
10,329
Nonparametric sparsity and regularization
stat.ML
In this work we are interested in the problems of supervised learning and variable selection when the input-output dependence is described by a nonlinear function depending on a few variables. Our goal is to consider a sparse nonparametric model, hence avoiding linear or additive models. The key idea is to measure the ...
computer science
10,330
Performance Tuning Of J48 Algorithm For Prediction Of Soil Fertility
cs.LG
Data mining involves the systematic analysis of large data sets, and data mining in agricultural soil datasets is exciting and modern research area. The productive capacity of a soil depends on soil fertility. Achieving and maintaining appropriate levels of soil fertility, is of utmost importance if agricultural land i...
computer science
10,331
An Improved Bound for the Nystrom Method for Large Eigengap
cs.LG
We develop an improved bound for the approximation error of the Nystr\"{o}m method under the assumption that there is a large eigengap in the spectrum of kernel matrix. This is based on the empirical observation that the eigengap has a significant impact on the approximation error of the Nystr\"{o}m method. Our approac...
computer science
10,332
A History of Cluster Analysis Using the Classification Society's Bibliography Over Four Decades
cs.DL
The Classification Literature Automated Search Service, an annual bibliography based on citation of one or more of a set of around 80 book or journal publications, ran from 1972 to 2012. We analyze here the years 1994 to 2011. The Classification Society's Service, as it was termed, has been produced by the Classificati...
computer science
10,333
Proximal methods for the latent group lasso penalty
math.OC
We consider a regularized least squares problem, with regularization by structured sparsity-inducing norms, which extend the usual $\ell_1$ and the group lasso penalty, by allowing the subsets to overlap. Such regularizations lead to nonsmooth problems that are difficult to optimize, and we propose in this paper a suit...
computer science
10,334
Learning Model-Based Sparsity via Projected Gradient Descent
stat.ML
Several convex formulation methods have been proposed previously for statistical estimation with structured sparsity as the prior. These methods often require a carefully tuned regularization parameter, often a cumbersome or heuristic exercise. Furthermore, the estimate that these methods produce might not belong to th...
computer science
10,335
Stochastic Dual Coordinate Ascent Methods for Regularized Loss Minimization
stat.ML
Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) has become popular for solving large scale supervised machine learning optimization problems such as SVM, due to their strong theoretical guarantees. While the closely related Dual Coordinate Ascent (DCA) method has been implemented in various software packages, it has so far lacked go...
computer science
10,336
On the Complexity of Bandit and Derivative-Free Stochastic Convex Optimization
cs.LG
The problem of stochastic convex optimization with bandit feedback (in the learning community) or without knowledge of gradients (in the optimization community) has received much attention in recent years, in the form of algorithms and performance upper bounds. However, much less is known about the inherent complexity ...
computer science
10,337
Regret Bounds for Restless Markov Bandits
cs.LG
We consider the restless Markov bandit problem, in which the state of each arm evolves according to a Markov process independently of the learner's actions. We suggest an algorithm that after $T$ steps achieves $\tilde{O}(\sqrt{T})$ regret with respect to the best policy that knows the distributions of all arms. No ass...
computer science
10,338
Thompson Sampling for Contextual Bandits with Linear Payoffs
cs.LG
Thompson Sampling is one of the oldest heuristics for multi-armed bandit problems. It is a randomized algorithm based on Bayesian ideas, and has recently generated significant interest after several studies demonstrated it to have better empirical performance compared to the state-of-the-art methods. However, many ques...
computer science
10,339
Further Optimal Regret Bounds for Thompson Sampling
cs.LG
Thompson Sampling is one of the oldest heuristics for multi-armed bandit problems. It is a randomized algorithm based on Bayesian ideas, and has recently generated significant interest after several studies demonstrated it to have better empirical performance compared to the state of the art methods. In this paper, we ...
computer science
10,340
Transferring Subspaces Between Subjects in Brain-Computer Interfacing
stat.ML
Compensating changes between a subjects' training and testing session in Brain Computer Interfacing (BCI) is challenging but of great importance for a robust BCI operation. We show that such changes are very similar between subjects, thus can be reliably estimated using data from other users and utilized to construct a...
computer science
10,341
Comunication-Efficient Algorithms for Statistical Optimization
stat.ML
We analyze two communication-efficient algorithms for distributed statistical optimization on large-scale data sets. The first algorithm is a standard averaging method that distributes the $N$ data samples evenly to $\nummac$ machines, performs separate minimization on each subset, and then averages the estimates. We p...
computer science
10,342
An efficient model-free estimation of multiclass conditional probability
stat.ML
Conventional multiclass conditional probability estimation methods, such as Fisher's discriminate analysis and logistic regression, often require restrictive distributional model assumption. In this paper, a model-free estimation method is proposed to estimate multiclass conditional probability through a series of cond...
computer science
10,343
Learning Topic Models and Latent Bayesian Networks Under Expansion Constraints
stat.ML
Unsupervised estimation of latent variable models is a fundamental problem central to numerous applications of machine learning and statistics. This work presents a principled approach for estimating broad classes of such models, including probabilistic topic models and latent linear Bayesian networks, using only secon...
computer science
10,344
Towards a learning-theoretic analysis of spike-timing dependent plasticity
cs.LG
This paper suggests a learning-theoretic perspective on how synaptic plasticity benefits global brain functioning. We introduce a model, the selectron, that (i) arises as the fast time constant limit of leaky integrate-and-fire neurons equipped with spiking timing dependent plasticity (STDP) and (ii) is amenable to the...
computer science
10,345
Supervised Blockmodelling
cs.LG
Collective classification models attempt to improve classification performance by taking into account the class labels of related instances. However, they tend not to learn patterns of interactions between classes and/or make the assumption that instances of the same class link to each other (assortativity assumption)....
computer science
10,346
Bayesian Mixture Models for Frequent Itemset Discovery
cs.LG
In binary-transaction data-mining, traditional frequent itemset mining often produces results which are not straightforward to interpret. To overcome this problem, probability models are often used to produce more compact and conclusive results, albeit with some loss of accuracy. Bayesian statistics have been widely us...
computer science
10,347
The Issue-Adjusted Ideal Point Model
stat.ML
We develop a model of issue-specific voting behavior. This model can be used to explore lawmakers' personal voting patterns of voting by issue area, providing an exploratory window into how the language of the law is correlated with political support. We derive approximate posterior inference algorithms based on variat...
computer science
10,348
Partial Gaussian Graphical Model Estimation
cs.LG
This paper studies the partial estimation of Gaussian graphical models from high-dimensional empirical observations. We derive a convex formulation for this problem using $\ell_1$-regularized maximum-likelihood estimation, which can be solved via a block coordinate descent algorithm. Statistical estimation performance ...
computer science
10,349
Learning Hierarchical Object Maps Of Non-Stationary Environments with mobile robots
cs.LG
Building models, or maps, of robot environments is a highly active research area; however, most existing techniques construct unstructured maps and assume static environments. In this paper, we present an algorithm for learning object models of non-stationary objects found in office-type environments. Our algorithm exp...
computer science
10,350
Learning with Scope, with Application to Information Extraction and Classification
cs.LG
In probabilistic approaches to classification and information extraction, one typically builds a statistical model of words under the assumption that future data will exhibit the same regularities as the training data. In many data sets, however, there are scope-limited features whose predictive power is only applicabl...
computer science
10,351
Optimal Time Bounds for Approximate Clustering
cs.DS
Clustering is a fundamental problem in unsupervised learning, and has been studied widely both as a problem of learning mixture models and as an optimization problem. In this paper, we study clustering with respect the emph{k-median} objective function, a natural formulation of clustering in which we attempt to minimiz...
computer science
10,352
Expectation-Propogation for the Generative Aspect Model
cs.LG
The generative aspect model is an extension of the multinomial model for text that allows word probabilities to vary stochastically across documents. Previous results with aspect models have been promising, but hindered by the computational difficulty of carrying out inference and learning. This paper demonstrates that...
computer science
10,353
Finding the True Frequent Itemsets
cs.LG
Frequent Itemsets (FIs) mining is a fundamental primitive in data mining. It requires to identify all itemsets appearing in at least a fraction $\theta$ of a transactional dataset $\mathcal{D}$. Often though, the ultimate goal of mining $\mathcal{D}$ is not an analysis of the dataset \emph{per se}, but the understandin...
computer science
10,354
Network-based clustering with mixtures of L1-penalized Gaussian graphical models: an empirical investigation
stat.ML
In many applications, multivariate samples may harbor previously unrecognized heterogeneity at the level of conditional independence or network structure. For example, in cancer biology, disease subtypes may differ with respect to subtype-specific interplay between molecular components. Then, both subtype discovery and...
computer science
10,355
Variational MCMC
cs.LG
We propose a new class of learning algorithms that combines variational approximation and Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation. Naive algorithms that use the variational approximation as proposal distribution can perform poorly because this approximation tends to underestimate the true variance and other features...
computer science
10,356
Probabilistic Models for Unified Collaborative and Content-Based Recommendation in Sparse-Data Environments
cs.IR
Recommender systems leverage product and community information to target products to consumers. Researchers have developed collaborative recommenders, content-based recommenders, and (largely ad-hoc) hybrid systems. We propose a unified probabilistic framework for merging collaborative and content-based recommendations...
computer science
10,357
A Triclustering Approach for Time Evolving Graphs
cs.LG
This paper introduces a novel technique to track structures in time evolving graphs. The method is based on a parameter free approach for three-dimensional co-clustering of the source vertices, the target vertices and the time. All these features are simultaneously segmented in order to build time segments and clusters...
computer science
10,358
Multi-agent learning using Fictitious Play and Extended Kalman Filter
cs.MA
Decentralised optimisation tasks are important components of multi-agent systems. These tasks can be interpreted as n-player potential games: therefore game-theoretic learning algorithms can be used to solve decentralised optimisation tasks. Fictitious play is the canonical example of these algorithms. Nevertheless fic...
computer science
10,359
An Efficient Sufficient Dimension Reduction Method for Identifying Genetic Variants of Clinical Significance
cs.LG
Fast and cheaper next generation sequencing technologies will generate unprecedentedly massive and highly-dimensional genomic and epigenomic variation data. In the near future, a routine part of medical record will include the sequenced genomes. A fundamental question is how to efficiently extract genomic and epigenomi...
computer science
10,360
The Anchors Hierachy: Using the triangle inequality to survive high dimensional data
cs.LG
This paper is about metric data structures in high-dimensional or non-Euclidean space that permit cached sufficient statistics accelerations of learning algorithms. It has recently been shown that for less than about 10 dimensions, decorating kd-trees with additional "cached sufficient statistics" such as first and s...
computer science
10,361
Monte Carlo Inference via Greedy Importance Sampling
cs.LG
We present a new method for conducting Monte Carlo inference in graphical models which combines explicit search with generalized importance sampling. The idea is to reduce the variance of importance sampling by searching for significant points in the target distribution. We prove that it is possible to introduce search...
computer science
10,362
Herded Gibbs Sampling
cs.LG
The Gibbs sampler is one of the most popular algorithms for inference in statistical models. In this paper, we introduce a herding variant of this algorithm, called herded Gibbs, that is entirely deterministic. We prove that herded Gibbs has an $O(1/T)$ convergence rate for models with independent variables and for ful...
computer science
10,363
Affinity Weighted Embedding
cs.IR
Supervised (linear) embedding models like Wsabie and PSI have proven successful at ranking, recommendation and annotation tasks. However, despite being scalable to large datasets they do not take full advantage of the extra data due to their linear nature, and typically underfit. We propose a new class of models which ...
computer science
10,364
A Linearly Convergent Conditional Gradient Algorithm with Applications to Online and Stochastic Optimization
cs.LG
Linear optimization is many times algorithmically simpler than non-linear convex optimization. Linear optimization over matroid polytopes, matching polytopes and path polytopes are example of problems for which we have simple and efficient combinatorial algorithms, but whose non-linear convex counterpart is harder and ...
computer science
10,365
Cellular Tree Classifiers
stat.ML
The cellular tree classifier model addresses a fundamental problem in the design of classifiers for a parallel or distributed computing world: Given a data set, is it sufficient to apply a majority rule for classification, or shall one split the data into two or more parts and send each part to a potentially different ...
computer science
10,366
A Linear Time Active Learning Algorithm for Link Classification -- Full Version --
cs.LG
We present very efficient active learning algorithms for link classification in signed networks. Our algorithms are motivated by a stochastic model in which edge labels are obtained through perturbations of a initial sign assignment consistent with a two-clustering of the nodes. We provide a theoretical analysis within...
computer science
10,367
A Correlation Clustering Approach to Link Classification in Signed Networks -- Full Version --
cs.LG
Motivated by social balance theory, we develop a theory of link classification in signed networks using the correlation clustering index as measure of label regularity. We derive learning bounds in terms of correlation clustering within three fundamental transductive learning settings: online, batch and active. Our mai...
computer science
10,368
Dirichlet draws are sparse with high probability
cs.LG
This note provides an elementary proof of the folklore fact that draws from a Dirichlet distribution (with parameters less than 1) are typically sparse (most coordinates are small).
computer science
10,369
Evaluation of a Supervised Learning Approach for Stock Market Operations
stat.ML
Data mining methods have been widely applied in financial markets, with the purpose of providing suitable tools for prices forecasting and automatic trading. Particularly, learning methods aim to identify patterns in time series and, based on such patterns, to recommend buy/sell operations. The objective of this work i...
computer science
10,370
The connection between Bayesian estimation of a Gaussian random field and RKHS
stat.ML
Reconstruction of a function from noisy data is often formulated as a regularized optimization problem over an infinite-dimensional reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS). The solution describes the observed data and has a small RKHS norm. When the data fit is measured using a quadratic loss, this estimator has a know...
computer science
10,371
Equitability Analysis of the Maximal Information Coefficient, with Comparisons
cs.LG
A measure of dependence is said to be equitable if it gives similar scores to equally noisy relationships of different types. Equitability is important in data exploration when the goal is to identify a relatively small set of strongest associations within a dataset as opposed to finding as many non-zero associations a...
computer science
10,372
Discriminative Feature Selection for Uncertain Graph Classification
cs.LG
Mining discriminative features for graph data has attracted much attention in recent years due to its important role in constructing graph classifiers, generating graph indices, etc. Most measurement of interestingness of discriminative subgraph features are defined on certain graphs, where the structure of graph objec...
computer science
10,373
Probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis
cs.LG
Probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis is a novel statistical technique for the analysis of two-mode and co-occurrence data, which has applications in information retrieval and filtering, natural language processing, machine learning from text, and in related areas. Compared to standard Latent Semantic Analysis which s...
computer science
10,374
An alternative text representation to TF-IDF and Bag-of-Words
cs.IR
In text mining, information retrieval, and machine learning, text documents are commonly represented through variants of sparse Bag of Words (sBoW) vectors (e.g. TF-IDF). Although simple and intuitive, sBoW style representations suffer from their inherent over-sparsity and fail to capture word-level synonymy and polyse...
computer science
10,375
Link prediction for partially observed networks
stat.ML
Link prediction is one of the fundamental problems in network analysis. In many applications, notably in genetics, a partially observed network may not contain any negative examples of absent edges, which creates a difficulty for many existing supervised learning approaches. We develop a new method which treats the obs...
computer science
10,376
Rank regularization and Bayesian inference for tensor completion and extrapolation
cs.IT
A novel regularizer of the PARAFAC decomposition factors capturing the tensor's rank is proposed in this paper, as the key enabler for completion of three-way data arrays with missing entries. Set in a Bayesian framework, the tensor completion method incorporates prior information to enhance its smoothing and predictio...
computer science
10,377
Axiomatic Construction of Hierarchical Clustering in Asymmetric Networks
cs.LG
This paper considers networks where relationships between nodes are represented by directed dissimilarities. The goal is to study methods for the determination of hierarchical clusters, i.e., a family of nested partitions indexed by a connectivity parameter, induced by the given dissimilarity structures. Our constructi...
computer science
10,378
ClusterCluster: Parallel Markov Chain Monte Carlo for Dirichlet Process Mixtures
stat.ML
The Dirichlet process (DP) is a fundamental mathematical tool for Bayesian nonparametric modeling, and is widely used in tasks such as density estimation, natural language processing, and time series modeling. Although MCMC inference methods for the DP often provide a gold standard in terms asymptotic accuracy, they ca...
computer science
10,379
The PAV algorithm optimizes binary proper scoring rules
stat.AP
There has been much recent interest in application of the pool-adjacent-violators (PAV) algorithm for the purpose of calibrating the probabilistic outputs of automatic pattern recognition and machine learning algorithms. Special cost functions, known as proper scoring rules form natural objective functions to judge the...
computer science
10,380
The BOSARIS Toolkit: Theory, Algorithms and Code for Surviving the New DCF
stat.AP
The change of two orders of magnitude in the 'new DCF' of NIST's SRE'10, relative to the 'old DCF' evaluation criterion, posed a difficult challenge for participants and evaluator alike. Initially, participants were at a loss as to how to calibrate their systems, while the evaluator underestimated the required number o...
computer science
10,381
Distributed dictionary learning over a sensor network
stat.ML
We consider the problem of distributed dictionary learning, where a set of nodes is required to collectively learn a common dictionary from noisy measurements. This approach may be useful in several contexts including sensor networks. Diffusion cooperation schemes have been proposed to solve the distributed linear regr...
computer science
10,382
Multi-Label Classifier Chains for Bird Sound
cs.LG
Bird sound data collected with unattended microphones for automatic surveys, or mobile devices for citizen science, typically contain multiple simultaneously vocalizing birds of different species. However, few works have considered the multi-label structure in birdsong. We propose to use an ensemble of classifier chain...
computer science
10,383
The K-modes algorithm for clustering
cs.LG
Many clustering algorithms exist that estimate a cluster centroid, such as K-means, K-medoids or mean-shift, but no algorithm seems to exist that clusters data by returning exactly K meaningful modes. We propose a natural definition of a K-modes objective function by combining the notions of density and cluster assignm...
computer science
10,384
A Theoretical Analysis of NDCG Type Ranking Measures
cs.LG
A central problem in ranking is to design a ranking measure for evaluation of ranking functions. In this paper we study, from a theoretical perspective, the widely used Normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain (NDCG)-type ranking measures. Although there are extensive empirical studies of NDCG, little is known about its t...
computer science
10,385
Low-rank optimization for distance matrix completion
math.OC
This paper addresses the problem of low-rank distance matrix completion. This problem amounts to recover the missing entries of a distance matrix when the dimension of the data embedding space is possibly unknown but small compared to the number of considered data points. The focus is on high-dimensional problems. We r...
computer science
10,386
Supervised Heterogeneous Multiview Learning for Joint Association Study and Disease Diagnosis
cs.LG
Given genetic variations and various phenotypical traits, such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) features, we consider two important and related tasks in biomedical research: i)to select genetic and phenotypical markers for disease diagnosis and ii) to identify associations between genetic and phenotypical data. Thes...
computer science
10,387
Semi-supervised Eigenvectors for Large-scale Locally-biased Learning
cs.LG
In many applications, one has side information, e.g., labels that are provided in a semi-supervised manner, about a specific target region of a large data set, and one wants to perform machine learning and data analysis tasks "nearby" that prespecified target region. For example, one might be interested in the clusteri...
computer science
10,388
Optimal amortized regret in every interval
cs.LG
Consider the classical problem of predicting the next bit in a sequence of bits. A standard performance measure is {\em regret} (loss in payoff) with respect to a set of experts. For example if we measure performance with respect to two constant experts one that always predicts 0's and another that always predicts 1's ...
computer science
10,389
Local Graph Clustering Beyond Cheeger's Inequality
cs.DS
Motivated by applications of large-scale graph clustering, we study random-walk-based LOCAL algorithms whose running times depend only on the size of the output cluster, rather than the entire graph. All previously known such algorithms guarantee an output conductance of $\tilde{O}(\sqrt{\phi(A)})$ when the target set ...
computer science
10,390
Phase Retrieval using Alternating Minimization
stat.ML
Phase retrieval problems involve solving linear equations, but with missing sign (or phase, for complex numbers) information. More than four decades after it was first proposed, the seminal error reduction algorithm of (Gerchberg and Saxton 1972) and (Fienup 1982) is still the popular choice for solving many variants o...
computer science
10,391
Probabilistic Solutions to Differential Equations and their Application to Riemannian Statistics
stat.ML
We study a probabilistic numerical method for the solution of both boundary and initial value problems that returns a joint Gaussian process posterior over the solution. Such methods have concrete value in the statistics on Riemannian manifolds, where non-analytic ordinary differential equations are involved in virtual...
computer science
10,392
Distributed k-Means and k-Median Clustering on General Topologies
cs.LG
This paper provides new algorithms for distributed clustering for two popular center-based objectives, k-median and k-means. These algorithms have provable guarantees and improve communication complexity over existing approaches. Following a classic approach in clustering by \cite{har2004coresets}, we reduce the proble...
computer science
10,393
Provable Inductive Matrix Completion
cs.LG
Consider a movie recommendation system where apart from the ratings information, side information such as user's age or movie's genre is also available. Unlike standard matrix completion, in this setting one should be able to predict inductively on new users/movies. In this paper, we study the problem of inductive matr...
computer science
10,394
A Gang of Bandits
cs.LG
Multi-armed bandit problems are receiving a great deal of attention because they adequately formalize the exploration-exploitation trade-offs arising in several industrially relevant applications, such as online advertisement and, more generally, recommendation systems. In many cases, however, these applications have a...
computer science
10,395
Kernel Mean Estimation and Stein's Effect
stat.ML
A mean function in reproducing kernel Hilbert space, or a kernel mean, is an important part of many applications ranging from kernel principal component analysis to Hilbert-space embedding of distributions. Given finite samples, an empirical average is the standard estimate for the true kernel mean. We show that this e...
computer science
10,396
Multiclass Total Variation Clustering
stat.ML
Ideas from the image processing literature have recently motivated a new set of clustering algorithms that rely on the concept of total variation. While these algorithms perform well for bi-partitioning tasks, their recursive extensions yield unimpressive results for multiclass clustering tasks. This paper presents a g...
computer science
10,397
Verdict Accuracy of Quick Reduct Algorithm using Clustering and Classification Techniques for Gene Expression Data
cs.LG
In most gene expression data, the number of training samples is very small compared to the large number of genes involved in the experiments. However, among the large amount of genes, only a small fraction is effective for performing a certain task. Furthermore, a small subset of genes is desirable in developing gene e...
computer science
10,398
Diffusion map for clustering fMRI spatial maps extracted by independent component analysis
cs.CE
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) produces data about activity inside the brain, from which spatial maps can be extracted by independent component analysis (ICA). In datasets, there are n spatial maps that contain p voxels. The number of voxels is very high compared to the number of analyzed spatial maps. Cl...
computer science
10,399
Fast greedy algorithm for subspace clustering from corrupted and incomplete data
cs.LG
We describe the Fast Greedy Sparse Subspace Clustering (FGSSC) algorithm providing an efficient method for clustering data belonging to a few low-dimensional linear or affine subspaces. The main difference of our algorithm from predecessors is its ability to work with noisy data having a high rate of erasures (missed e...
computer science
10,400
Minimax Theory for High-dimensional Gaussian Mixtures with Sparse Mean Separation
stat.ML
While several papers have investigated computationally and statistically efficient methods for learning Gaussian mixtures, precise minimax bounds for their statistical performance as well as fundamental limits in high-dimensional settings are not well-understood. In this paper, we provide precise information theoretic ...
computer science