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12,801
Stabilizing Adversarial Nets With Prediction Methods
cs.LG
Adversarial neural networks solve many important problems in data science, but are notoriously difficult to train. These difficulties come from the fact that optimal weights for adversarial nets correspond to saddle points, and not minimizers, of the loss function. The alternating stochastic gradient methods typically ...
computer science
12,802
DeepMasterPrint: Fingerprint Spoofing via Latent Variable Evolution
cs.CV
Biometric authentication is important for a large range of systems, including but not limited to consumer electronic devices such as phones. Understanding the limits of and attacks on such systems is therefore crucial. This paper presents an attack on fingerprint recognition system using MasterPrints, synthetic fingerp...
computer science
12,803
Visual Semantic Planning using Deep Successor Representations
cs.CV
A crucial capability of real-world intelligent agents is their ability to plan a sequence of actions to achieve their goals in the visual world. In this work, we address the problem of visual semantic planning: the task of predicting a sequence of actions from visual observations that transform a dynamic environment fr...
computer science
12,804
PVEs: Position-Velocity Encoders for Unsupervised Learning of Structured State Representations
cs.RO
We propose position-velocity encoders (PVEs) which learn---without supervision---to encode images to positions and velocities of task-relevant objects. PVEs encode a single image into a low-dimensional position state and compute the velocity state from finite differences in position. In contrast to autoencoders, positi...
computer science
12,805
Megapixel Size Image Creation using Generative Adversarial Networks
cs.CV
Since its appearance, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have received a lot of interest in the AI community. In image generation several projects showed how GANs are able to generate photorealistic images but the results so far did not look adequate for the quality standard of visual media production industry. We ...
computer science
12,806
Cross-modal Common Representation Learning by Hybrid Transfer Network
cs.MM
DNN-based cross-modal retrieval is a research hotspot to retrieve across different modalities as image and text, but existing methods often face the challenge of insufficient cross-modal training data. In single-modal scenario, similar problem is usually relieved by transferring knowledge from large-scale auxiliary dat...
computer science
12,807
Automatic Response Assessment in Regions of Language Cortex in Epilepsy Patients Using ECoG-based Functional Mapping and Machine Learning
cs.CV
Accurate localization of brain regions responsible for language and cognitive functions in Epilepsy patients should be carefully determined prior to surgery. Electrocorticography (ECoG)-based Real Time Functional Mapping (RTFM) has been shown to be a safer alternative to the electrical cortical stimulation mapping (ESM...
computer science
12,808
Comparative Analysis of Open Source Frameworks for Machine Learning with Use Case in Single-Threaded and Multi-Threaded Modes
cs.LG
The basic features of some of the most versatile and popular open source frameworks for machine learning (TensorFlow, Deep Learning4j, and H2O) are considered and compared. Their comparative analysis was performed and conclusions were made as to the advantages and disadvantages of these platforms. The performance tests...
computer science
12,809
Accurate, Large Minibatch SGD: Training ImageNet in 1 Hour
cs.CV
Deep learning thrives with large neural networks and large datasets. However, larger networks and larger datasets result in longer training times that impede research and development progress. Distributed synchronous SGD offers a potential solution to this problem by dividing SGD minibatches over a pool of parallel wor...
computer science
12,810
Large-Scale Plant Classification with Deep Neural Networks
cs.LG
This paper discusses the potential of applying deep learning techniques for plant classification and its usage for citizen science in large-scale biodiversity monitoring. We show that plant classification using near state-of-the-art convolutional network architectures like ResNet50 achieves significant improvements in ...
computer science
12,811
Alternative Semantic Representations for Zero-Shot Human Action Recognition
cs.CV
A proper semantic representation for encoding side information is key to the success of zero-shot learning. In this paper, we explore two alternative semantic representations especially for zero-shot human action recognition: textual descriptions of human actions and deep features extracted from still images relevant t...
computer science
12,812
Online Convolutional Dictionary Learning
cs.LG
While a number of different algorithms have recently been proposed for convolutional dictionary learning, this remains an expensive problem. The single biggest impediment to learning from large training sets is the memory requirements, which grow at least linearly with the size of the training set since all existing me...
computer science
12,813
Persistence Diagrams with Linear Machine Learning Models
math.AT
Persistence diagrams have been widely recognized as a compact descriptor for characterizing multiscale topological features in data. When many datasets are available, statistical features embedded in those persistence diagrams can be extracted by applying machine learnings. In particular, the ability for explicitly ana...
computer science
12,814
Optimization Beyond the Convolution: Generalizing Spatial Relations with End-to-End Metric Learning
cs.RO
To operate intelligently in domestic environments, robots require the ability to understand arbitrary spatial relations between objects and to generalize them to objects of varying sizes and shapes. In this work, we present a novel end-to-end approach to generalize spatial relations based on distance metric learning. W...
computer science
12,815
Machine Learning in Appearance-based Robot Self-localization
cs.CV
An appearance-based robot self-localization problem is considered in the machine learning framework. The appearance space is composed of all possible images, which can be captured by a robot's visual system under all robot localizations. Using recent manifold learning and deep learning techniques, we propose a new geom...
computer science
12,816
Discriminative Block-Diagonal Representation Learning for Image Recognition
cs.CV
Existing block-diagonal representation researches mainly focuses on casting block-diagonal regularization on training data, while only little attention is dedicated to concurrently learning both block-diagonal representations of training and test data. In this paper, we propose a discriminative block-diagonal low-rank ...
computer science
12,817
Deep Learning with Topological Signatures
cs.CV
Inferring topological and geometrical information from data can offer an alternative perspective on machine learning problems. Methods from topological data analysis, e.g., persistent homology, enable us to obtain such information, typically in the form of summary representations of topological features. However, such ...
computer science
12,818
Comparative Performance Analysis of Neural Networks Architectures on H2O Platform for Various Activation Functions
cs.LG
Deep learning (deep structured learning, hierarchi- cal learning or deep machine learning) is a branch of machine learning based on a set of algorithms that attempt to model high- level abstractions in data by using multiple processing layers with complex structures or otherwise composed of multiple non-linear transfor...
computer science
12,819
Streaming Architecture for Large-Scale Quantized Neural Networks on an FPGA-Based Dataflow Platform
cs.CV
Deep neural networks (DNNs) are used by different applications that are executed on a range of computer architectures, from IoT devices to supercomputers. The footprint of these networks is huge as well as their computational and communication needs. In order to ease the pressure on resources, research indicates that i...
computer science
12,820
CASSL: Curriculum Accelerated Self-Supervised Learning
cs.RO
Recent self-supervised learning approaches focus on using a few thousand data points to learn policies for high-level, low-dimensional action spaces. However, scaling this framework for high-dimensional control require either scaling up the data collection efforts or using a clever sampling strategy for training. We pr...
computer science
12,821
GPLAC: Generalizing Vision-Based Robotic Skills using Weakly Labeled Images
cs.LG
We tackle the problem of learning robotic sensorimotor control policies that can generalize to visually diverse and unseen environments. Achieving broad generalization typically requires large datasets, which are difficult to obtain for task-specific interactive processes such as reinforcement learning or learning from...
computer science
12,822
Image Quality Assessment Guided Deep Neural Networks Training
cs.CV
For many computer vision problems, the deep neural networks are trained and validated based on the assumption that the input images are pristine (i.e., artifact-free). However, digital images are subject to a wide range of distortions in real application scenarios, while the practical issues regarding image quality in ...
computer science
12,823
MHTN: Modal-adversarial Hybrid Transfer Network for Cross-modal Retrieval
cs.MM
Cross-modal retrieval has drawn wide interest for retrieval across different modalities of data. However, existing methods based on DNN face the challenge of insufficient cross-modal training data, which limits the training effectiveness and easily leads to overfitting. Transfer learning is for relieving the problem of...
computer science
12,825
PixelNN: Example-based Image Synthesis
cs.CV
We present a simple nearest-neighbor (NN) approach that synthesizes high-frequency photorealistic images from an "incomplete" signal such as a low-resolution image, a surface normal map, or edges. Current state-of-the-art deep generative models designed for such conditional image synthesis lack two important things: (1...
computer science
12,826
Structured Low-Rank Matrix Factorization: Global Optimality, Algorithms, and Applications
cs.LG
Recently, convex formulations of low-rank matrix factorization problems have received considerable attention in machine learning. However, such formulations often require solving for a matrix of the size of the data matrix, making it challenging to apply them to large scale datasets. Moreover, in many applications the ...
computer science
12,827
Performance Analysis of Open Source Machine Learning Frameworks for Various Parameters in Single-Threaded and Multi-Threaded Modes
cs.LG
The basic features of some of the most versatile and popular open source frameworks for machine learning (TensorFlow, Deep Learning4j, and H2O) are considered and compared. Their comparative analysis was performed and conclusions were made as to the advantages and disadvantages of these platforms. The performance tests...
computer science
12,828
Block-Simultaneous Direction Method of Multipliers: A proximal primal-dual splitting algorithm for nonconvex problems with multiple constraints
math.OC
We introduce a generalization of the linearized Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers to optimize a real-valued function $f$ of multiple arguments with potentially multiple constraints $g_\circ$ on each of them. The function $f$ may be nonconvex as long as it is convex in every argument, while the constraints $g_...
computer science
12,829
Telepath: Understanding Users from a Human Vision Perspective in Large-Scale Recommender Systems
cs.IR
Designing an e-commerce recommender system that serves hundreds of millions of active users is a daunting challenge. From a human vision perspective, there're two key factors that affect users' behaviors: items' attractiveness and their matching degree with users' interests. This paper proposes Telepath, a vision-based...
computer science
12,830
Fast Image Processing with Fully-Convolutional Networks
cs.CV
We present an approach to accelerating a wide variety of image processing operators. Our approach uses a fully-convolutional network that is trained on input-output pairs that demonstrate the operator's action. After training, the original operator need not be run at all. The trained network operates at full resolution...
computer science
12,831
Newton-type Methods for Inference in Higher-Order Markov Random Fields
cs.CV
Linear programming relaxations are central to {\sc map} inference in discrete Markov Random Fields. The ability to properly solve the Lagrangian dual is a critical component of such methods. In this paper, we study the benefit of using Newton-type methods to solve the Lagrangian dual of a smooth version of the problem....
computer science
12,832
A Comparison on Audio Signal Preprocessing Methods for Deep Neural Networks on Music Tagging
cs.SD
Deep neural networks (DNN) have been successfully applied for music classification tasks including music tagging. In this paper, we investigate the effect of audio preprocessing on music tagging with neural networks. We perform comprehensive experiments involving audio preprocessing using different time-frequency repre...
computer science
12,833
Multi-modal Conditional Attention Fusion for Dimensional Emotion Prediction
cs.CV
Continuous dimensional emotion prediction is a challenging task where the fusion of various modalities usually achieves state-of-the-art performance such as early fusion or late fusion. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-modal fusion strategy named conditional attention fusion, which can dynamically pay attention ...
computer science
12,834
A Learning and Masking Approach to Secure Learning
cs.CR
Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been shown to be vulnerable against adversarial examples, which are data points cleverly constructed to fool the classifier. Such attacks can be devastating in practice, especially as DNNs are being applied to ever increasing critical tasks like image recognition in autonomous driving. ...
computer science
12,835
From Plants to Landmarks: Time-invariant Plant Localization that uses Deep Pose Regression in Agricultural Fields
cs.RO
Agricultural robots are expected to increase yields in a sustainable way and automate precision tasks, such as weeding and plant monitoring. At the same time, they move in a continuously changing, semi-structured field environment, in which features can hardly be found and reproduced at a later time. Challenges for Lid...
computer science
12,836
Learning Compact Geometric Features
cs.CV
We present an approach to learning features that represent the local geometry around a point in an unstructured point cloud. Such features play a central role in geometric registration, which supports diverse applications in robotics and 3D vision. Current state-of-the-art local features for unstructured point clouds h...
computer science
12,837
Continuous Multimodal Emotion Recognition Approach for AVEC 2017
cs.CV
This paper reports the analysis of audio and visual features in predicting the continuous emotion dimensions under the seventh Audio/Visual Emotion Challenge (AVEC 2017), which was done as part of a B.Tech. 2nd year internship project. For visual features we used the HOG (Histogram of Gradients) features, Fisher encodi...
computer science
12,838
Depression Scale Recognition from Audio, Visual and Text Analysis
cs.CV
Depression is a major mental health disorder that is rapidly affecting lives worldwide. Depression not only impacts emotional but also physical and psychological state of the person. Its symptoms include lack of interest in daily activities, feeling low, anxiety, frustration, loss of weight and even feeling of self-hat...
computer science
12,839
Institutionally Distributed Deep Learning Networks
cs.CV
Deep learning has become a promising approach for automated medical diagnoses. When medical data samples are limited, collaboration among multiple institutions is necessary to achieve high algorithm performance. However, sharing patient data often has limitations due to technical, legal, or ethical concerns. In such ca...
computer science
12,840
Temporal Multimodal Fusion for Video Emotion Classification in the Wild
cs.CV
This paper addresses the question of emotion classification. The task consists in predicting emotion labels (taken among a set of possible labels) best describing the emotions contained in short video clips. Building on a standard framework -- lying in describing videos by audio and visual features used by a supervised...
computer science
12,841
Detecting Adversarial Attacks on Neural Network Policies with Visual Foresight
cs.CV
Deep reinforcement learning has shown promising results in learning control policies for complex sequential decision-making tasks. However, these neural network-based policies are known to be vulnerable to adversarial examples. This vulnerability poses a potentially serious threat to safety-critical systems such as aut...
computer science
12,842
Image Labeling Based on Graphical Models Using Wasserstein Messages and Geometric Assignment
cs.LG
We introduce a novel approach to Maximum A Posteriori inference based on discrete graphical models. By utilizing local Wasserstein distances for coupling assignment measures across edges of the underlying graph, a given discrete objective function is smoothly approximated and restricted to the assignment manifold. A co...
computer science
12,843
End-to-end Driving via Conditional Imitation Learning
cs.RO
Deep networks trained on demonstrations of human driving have learned to follow roads and avoid obstacles. However, driving policies trained via imitation learning cannot be controlled at test time. A vehicle trained end-to-end to imitate an expert cannot be guided to take a specific turn at an upcoming intersection. T...
computer science
12,844
A New Spectral Clustering Algorithm
cs.LG
We present a new clustering algorithm that is based on searching for natural gaps in the components of the lowest energy eigenvectors of the Laplacian of a graph. In comparing the performance of the proposed method with a set of other popular methods (KMEANS, spectral-KMEANS, and an agglomerative method) in the context...
computer science
12,845
CM-GANs: Cross-modal Generative Adversarial Networks for Common Representation Learning
cs.MM
It is known that the inconsistent distribution and representation of different modalities, such as image and text, cause the heterogeneity gap that makes it challenging to correlate such heterogeneous data. Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have shown its strong ability of modeling data distribution and learning d...
computer science
12,846
Entanglement Entropy of Target Functions for Image Classification and Convolutional Neural Network
cs.LG
The success of deep convolutional neural network (CNN) in computer vision especially image classification problems requests a new information theory for function of image, instead of image itself. In this article, after establishing a deep mathematical connection between image classification problem and quantum spin mo...
computer science
12,847
Beat by Beat: Classifying Cardiac Arrhythmias with Recurrent Neural Networks
cs.LG
With tens of thousands of electrocardiogram (ECG) records processed by mobile cardiac event recorders every day, heart rhythm classification algorithms are an important tool for the continuous monitoring of patients at risk. We utilise an annotated dataset of 12,186 single-lead ECG recordings to build a diverse ensembl...
computer science
12,848
HDR image reconstruction from a single exposure using deep CNNs
cs.CV
Camera sensors can only capture a limited range of luminance simultaneously, and in order to create high dynamic range (HDR) images a set of different exposures are typically combined. In this paper we address the problem of predicting information that have been lost in saturated image areas, in order to enable HDR rec...
computer science
12,849
How to Fool Radiologists with Generative Adversarial Networks? A Visual Turing Test for Lung Cancer Diagnosis
cs.CV
Discriminating lung nodules as malignant or benign is still an underlying challenge. To address this challenge, radiologists need computer aided diagnosis (CAD) systems which can assist in learning discriminative imaging features corresponding to malignant and benign nodules. However, learning highly discriminative ima...
computer science
12,850
Deep Multi-Modal Classification of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms (IPMN) with Canonical Correlation Analysis
cs.CV
Pancreatic cancer has the poorest prognosis among all cancer types. Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms (IPMNs) are radiographically identifiable precursors to pancreatic cancer; hence, early detection and precise risk assessment of IPMN are vital. In this work, we propose a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) base...
computer science
12,851
Multi-Resolution Fully Convolutional Neural Networks for Monaural Audio Source Separation
cs.SD
In deep neural networks with convolutional layers, each layer typically has fixed-size/single-resolution receptive field (RF). Convolutional layers with a large RF capture global information from the input features, while layers with small RF size capture local details with high resolution from the input features. In t...
computer science
12,852
Set-to-Set Hashing with Applications in Visual Recognition
cs.CV
Visual data, such as an image or a sequence of video frames, is often naturally represented as a point set. In this paper, we consider the fundamental problem of finding a nearest set from a collection of sets, to a query set. This problem has obvious applications in large-scale visual retrieval and recognition, and al...
computer science
12,853
Extremely Large Minibatch SGD: Training ResNet-50 on ImageNet in 15 Minutes
cs.DC
We demonstrate that training ResNet-50 on ImageNet for 90 epochs can be achieved in 15 minutes with 1024 Tesla P100 GPUs. This was made possible by using a large minibatch size of 32k. To maintain accuracy with this large minibatch size, we employed several techniques such as RMSprop warm-up, batch normalization withou...
computer science
12,854
Enhanced Attacks on Defensively Distilled Deep Neural Networks
cs.CV
Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved tremendous success in many tasks of machine learning, such as the image classification. Unfortunately, researchers have shown that DNNs are easily attacked by adversarial examples, slightly perturbed images which can mislead DNNs to give incorrect classification results. Such a...
computer science
12,855
Verifying Neural Networks with Mixed Integer Programming
cs.LG
Neural networks have demonstrated considerable success in a wide variety of real-world problems. However, the presence of adversarial examples - slightly perturbed inputs that are misclassified with high confidence - limits our ability to guarantee performance for these networks in safety-critical applications. We demo...
computer science
12,856
fpgaConvNet: A Toolflow for Mapping Diverse Convolutional Neural Networks on Embedded FPGAs
cs.CV
In recent years, Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets) have become an enabling technology for a wide range of novel embedded Artificial Intelligence systems. Across the range of applications, the performance needs vary significantly, from high-throughput video surveillance to the very low-latency requirements of aut...
computer science
12,857
Improving the Adversarial Robustness and Interpretability of Deep Neural Networks by Regularizing their Input Gradients
cs.LG
Deep neural networks have proven remarkably effective at solving many classification problems, but have been criticized recently for two major weaknesses: the reasons behind their predictions are uninterpretable, and the predictions themselves can often be fooled by small adversarial perturbations. These problems pose ...
computer science
12,858
Scalable Object Detection for Stylized Objects
cs.CV
Following recent breakthroughs in convolutional neural networks and monolithic model architectures, state-of-the-art object detection models can reliably and accurately scale into the realm of up to thousands of classes. Things quickly break down, however, when scaling into the tens of thousands, or, eventually, to mil...
computer science
12,859
Separating Self-Expression and Visual Content in Hashtag Supervision
cs.CV
The variety, abundance, and structured nature of hashtags make them an interesting data source for training vision models. For instance, hashtags have the potential to significantly reduce the problem of manual supervision and annotation when learning vision models for a large number of concepts. However, a key challen...
computer science
12,860
High-Resolution Image Synthesis and Semantic Manipulation with Conditional GANs
cs.CV
We present a new method for synthesizing high-resolution photo-realistic images from semantic label maps using conditional generative adversarial networks (conditional GANs). Conditional GANs have enabled a variety of applications, but the results are often limited to low-resolution and still far from realistic. In thi...
computer science
12,861
Blind Gain and Phase Calibration via Sparse Spectral Methods
cs.IT
Blind gain and phase calibration (BGPC) is a bilinear inverse problem involving the determination of unknown gains and phases of the sensing system, and the unknown signal, jointly. BGPC arises in numerous applications, e.g., blind albedo estimation in inverse rendering, synthetic aperture radar autofocus, and sensor a...
computer science
12,862
On Deterministic Sampling Patterns for Robust Low-Rank Matrix Completion
cs.IT
In this letter, we study the deterministic sampling patterns for the completion of low rank matrix, when corrupted with a sparse noise, also known as robust matrix completion. We extend the recent results on the deterministic sampling patterns in the absence of noise based on the geometric analysis on the Grassmannian ...
computer science
12,863
Wild Patterns: Ten Years After the Rise of Adversarial Machine Learning
cs.CV
Learning-based pattern classifiers, including deep networks, have demonstrated impressive performance in several application domains, ranging from computer vision to computer security. However, it has also been shown that adversarial input perturbations carefully crafted either at training or at test time can easily su...
computer science
12,864
Training Ensembles to Detect Adversarial Examples
cs.LG
We propose a new ensemble method for detecting and classifying adversarial examples generated by state-of-the-art attacks, including DeepFool and C&W. Our method works by training the members of an ensemble to have low classification error on random benign examples while simultaneously minimizing agreement on examples ...
computer science
12,865
Deep learning enhanced mobile-phone microscopy
cs.LG
Mobile-phones have facilitated the creation of field-portable, cost-effective imaging and sensing technologies that approach laboratory-grade instrument performance. However, the optical imaging interfaces of mobile-phones are not designed for microscopy and produce spatial and spectral distortions in imaging microscop...
computer science
12,866
Sim2Real View Invariant Visual Servoing by Recurrent Control
cs.CV
Humans are remarkably proficient at controlling their limbs and tools from a wide range of viewpoints and angles, even in the presence of optical distortions. In robotics, this ability is referred to as visual servoing: moving a tool or end-point to a desired location using primarily visual feedback. In this paper, we ...
computer science
12,867
Wolf in Sheep's Clothing - The Downscaling Attack Against Deep Learning Applications
cs.CR
This paper considers security risks buried in the data processing pipeline in common deep learning applications. Deep learning models usually assume a fixed scale for their training and input data. To allow deep learning applications to handle a wide range of input data, popular frameworks, such as Caffe, TensorFlow, a...
computer science
12,868
Note on Attacking Object Detectors with Adversarial Stickers
cs.CR
Deep learning has proven to be a powerful tool for computer vision and has seen widespread adoption for numerous tasks. However, deep learning algorithms are known to be vulnerable to adversarial examples. These adversarial inputs are created such that, when provided to a deep learning algorithm, they are very likely t...
computer science
12,869
Unifying Map and Landmark Based Representations for Visual Navigation
cs.CV
This works presents a formulation for visual navigation that unifies map based spatial reasoning and path planning, with landmark based robust plan execution in noisy environments. Our proposed formulation is learned from data and is thus able to leverage statistical regularities of the world. This allows it to efficie...
computer science
12,870
Recurrent Pixel Embedding for Instance Grouping
cs.CV
We introduce a differentiable, end-to-end trainable framework for solving pixel-level grouping problems such as instance segmentation consisting of two novel components. First, we regress pixels into a hyper-spherical embedding space so that pixels from the same group have high cosine similarity while those from differ...
computer science
12,871
Exploring the Space of Black-box Attacks on Deep Neural Networks
cs.LG
Existing black-box attacks on deep neural networks (DNNs) so far have largely focused on transferability, where an adversarial instance generated for a locally trained model can "transfer" to attack other learning models. In this paper, we propose novel Gradient Estimation black-box attacks for adversaries with query a...
computer science
12,872
High Dimensional Spaces, Deep Learning and Adversarial Examples
cs.CV
In this paper, we analyze deep learning from a mathematical point of view and derive several novel results. The results are based on intriguing mathematical properties of high dimensional spaces. We first look at perturbation based adversarial examples and show how they can be understood using topological arguments in ...
computer science
12,873
Object segmentation in depth maps with one user click and a synthetically trained fully convolutional network
cs.CV
With more and more household objects built on planned obsolescence and consumed by a fast-growing population, hazardous waste recycling has become a critical challenge. Given the large variability of household waste, current recycling platforms mostly rely on human operators to analyze the scene, typically composed of ...
computer science
12,874
Approximate FPGA-based LSTMs under Computation Time Constraints
cs.CV
Recurrent Neural Networks and in particular Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks have demonstrated state-of-the-art accuracy in several emerging Artificial Intelligence tasks. However, the models are becoming increasingly demanding in terms of computational and memory load. Emerging latency-sensitive applications inc...
computer science
12,875
Characterizing Adversarial Subspaces Using Local Intrinsic Dimensionality
cs.LG
Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have recently been shown to be vulnerable against adversarial examples, which are carefully crafted instances that can mislead DNNs to make errors during prediction. To better understand such attacks, a characterization is needed of the properties of regions (the so-called 'adversarial subsp...
computer science
12,876
EBIC: an artificial intelligence-based parallel biclustering algorithm for pattern discovery
cs.LG
In this paper a novel biclustering algorithm based on artificial intelligence (AI) is introduced. The method called EBIC aims to detect biologically meaningful, order-preserving patterns in complex data. The proposed algorithm is probably the first one capable of discovering with accuracy exceeding 50\% multiple comple...
computer science
12,877
Supervised and Unsupervised Tumor Characterization in the Deep Learning Era
cs.CV
Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) tools are often needed for fast and accurate detection, characterization, and risk assessment of different tumors from radiology images. Any improvement in robust and accurate image-based tumor characterization can assist in determining non-invasive cancer stage, prognosis, and personaliz...
computer science
12,878
An octree cells occupancy geometric dimensionality descriptor for massive on-server point cloud visualisation and classification
cs.CV
Lidar datasets are becoming more and more common. They are appreciated for their precise 3D nature, and have a wide range of applications, such as surface reconstruction, object detection, visualisation, etc. For all this applications, having additional semantic information per point has potential of increasing the qua...
computer science
12,879
VR Goggles for Robots: Real-to-sim Domain Adaptation for Visual Control
cs.RO
This paper deals with the reality gap from a novel perspective, targeting transferring Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) policies learned in simulated environments to the real-world domain for visual control tasks. Instead of adopting the common solutions to the problem by increasing the visual fidelity of synthetic im...
computer science
12,880
Seismic-Net: A Deep Densely Connected Neural Network to Detect Seismic Events
eess.SP
One of the risks of large-scale geologic carbon sequestration is the potential migration of fluids out of the storage formations. Accurate and fast detection of this fluids migration is not only important but also challenging, due to the large subsurface uncertainty and complex governing physics. Traditional leakage de...
computer science
12,881
Learning via social awareness: improving sketch representations with facial feedback
cs.LG
In the quest towards general artificial intelligence (AI), researchers have explored developing loss functions that act as intrinsic motivators in the absence of external rewards. This paper argues that such research has overlooked an important and useful intrinsic motivator: social interaction. We posit that making an...
computer science
12,882
ASP:A Fast Adversarial Attack Example Generation Framework based on Adversarial Saliency Prediction
cs.CV
With the excellent accuracy and feasibility, the Neural Networks have been widely applied into the novel intelligent applications and systems. However, with the appearance of the Adversarial Attack, the NN based system performance becomes extremely vulnerable:the image classification results can be arbitrarily misled b...
computer science
12,883
Robustness of Rotation-Equivariant Networks to Adversarial Perturbations
cs.CV
Deep neural networks have been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial examples: very small perturbations of the input having a dramatic impact on the predictions. A wealth of adversarial attacks and distance metrics to quantify the similarity between natural and adversarial images have been proposed, recently enlarging ...
computer science
12,884
Global Pose Estimation with an Attention-based Recurrent Network
cs.CV
The ability for an agent to localize itself within an environment is crucial for many real-world applications. For unknown environments, Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) enables incremental and concurrent building of and localizing within a map. We present a new, differentiable architecture, Neural Graph Op...
computer science
12,885
How (Not) To Train Your Neural Network Using the Information Bottleneck Principle
cs.LG
In this theory paper, we investigate training deep neural networks (DNNs) for classification via minimizing the information bottleneck (IB) functional. We show that, even if the joint distribution between continuous feature variables and the discrete class variable is known, the resulting optimization problem suffers f...
computer science
12,886
A Mathematical Framework for Deep Learning in Elastic Source Imaging
math.OC
An inverse elastic source problem with sparse measurements is of concern. A generic mathematical framework is proposed which incorporates a low- dimensional manifold regularization in the conventional source reconstruction algorithms thereby enhancing their performance with sparse datasets. It is rigorously established...
computer science
12,887
Escort: Efficient Sparse Convolutional Neural Networks on GPUs
cs.DC
Deep neural networks have achieved remarkable accuracy in many artificial intelligence applications, e.g. computer vision, at the cost of a large number of parameters and high computational complexity. Weight pruning can compress DNN models by removing redundant parameters in the networks, but it brings sparsity in the...
computer science
12,888
Using Deep Learning for Segmentation and Counting within Microscopy Data
cs.CV
Cell counting is a ubiquitous, yet tedious task that would greatly benefit from automation. From basic biological questions to clinical trials, cell counts provide key quantitative feedback that drive research. Unfortunately, cell counting is most commonly a manual task and can be time-intensive. The task is made even ...
computer science
12,889
Raw Multi-Channel Audio Source Separation using Multi-Resolution Convolutional Auto-Encoders
cs.SD
Supervised multi-channel audio source separation requires extracting useful spectral, temporal, and spatial features from the mixed signals. The success of many existing systems is therefore largely dependent on the choice of features used for training. In this work, we introduce a novel multi-channel, multi-resolution...
computer science
12,890
Teaching UAVs to Race With Observational Imitation Learning
cs.CV
Recent work has tackled the problem of autonomous navigation by imitating a teacher and learning an end-to-end policy, which directly predicts controls from raw images. However, these approaches tend to be sensitive to mistakes by the teacher and do not scale well to other environments or vehicles. To this end, we prop...
computer science
12,891
Chest X-Ray Analysis of Tuberculosis by Deep Learning with Segmentation and Augmentation
cs.LG
The results of chest X-ray (CXR) analysis of 2D images to get the statistically reliable predictions (availability of tuberculosis) by computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) on the basis of deep learning are presented. They demonstrate the efficiency of lung segmentation, lossless and lossy data augmentation for CADx of tuber...
computer science
12,892
Occupancy Map Prediction Using Generative and Fully Convolutional Networks for Vehicle Navigation
cs.LG
Fast, collision-free motion through unknown environments remains a challenging problem for robotic systems. In these situations, the robot's ability to reason about its future motion is often severely limited by sensor field of view (FOV). By contrast, biological systems routinely make decisions by taking into consider...
computer science
12,893
Deep Thermal Imaging: Proximate Material Type Recognition in the Wild through Deep Learning of Spatial Surface Temperature Patterns
cs.CV
We introduce Deep Thermal Imaging, a new approach for close-range automatic recognition of materials to enhance the understanding of people and ubiquitous technologies of their proximal environment. Our approach uses a low-cost mobile thermal camera integrated into a smartphone to capture thermal textures. A deep neura...
computer science
12,894
GONet: A Semi-Supervised Deep Learning Approach For Traversability Estimation
cs.RO
We present semi-supervised deep learning approaches for traversability estimation from fisheye images. Our method, GONet, and the proposed extensions leverage Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to effectively predict whether the area seen in the input image(s) is safe for a robot to traverse. These methods are trai...
computer science
12,895
Revisiting Decomposable Submodular Function Minimization with Incidence Relations
cs.LG
We introduce a new approach to decomposable submodular function minimization (DSFM) that exploits incidence relations. Incidence relations describe which variables effectively influence the component functions, and when properly utilized, they allow for improving the convergence rates of DSFM solvers. Our main results ...
computer science
12,896
Testing Deep Neural Networks
cs.LG
Deep neural networks (DNNs) have a wide range of applications, and software employing them must be thoroughly tested, especially in safety critical domains. However, traditional software testing methodology, including test coverage criteria and test case generation algorithms, cannot be applied directly to DNNs. This p...
computer science
12,897
Onion-Peeling Outlier Detection in 2-D data Sets
cs.LG
Outlier Detection is a critical and cardinal research task due its array of applications in variety of domains ranging from data mining, clustering, statistical analysis, fraud detection, network intrusion detection and diagnosis of diseases etc. Over the last few decades, distance-based outlier detection algorithms ha...
computer science
12,898
Toolflows for Mapping Convolutional Neural Networks on FPGAs: A Survey and Future Directions
cs.CV
In the past decade, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance in various Artificial Intelligence tasks. To accelerate the experimentation and development of CNNs, several software frameworks have been released, primarily targeting power-hungry CPUs and GPUs. In this context, re...
computer science
12,899
Extended depth-of-field in holographic image reconstruction using deep learning based auto-focusing and phase-recovery
cs.CV
Holography encodes the three dimensional (3D) information of a sample in the form of an intensity-only recording. However, to decode the original sample image from its hologram(s), auto-focusing and phase-recovery are needed, which are in general cumbersome and time-consuming to digitally perform. Here we demonstrate a...
computer science
12,900
Learning to Rank Scientific Documents from the Crowd
cs.IR
Finding related published articles is an important task in any science, but with the explosion of new work in the biomedical domain it has become especially challenging. Most existing methodologies use text similarity metrics to identify whether two articles are related or not. However biomedical knowledge discovery is...
computer science
12,901
Enabling Embodied Analogies in Intelligent Music Systems
cs.HC
The present methodology is aimed at cross-modal machine learning and uses multidisciplinary tools and methods drawn from a broad range of areas and disciplines, including music, systematic musicology, dance, motion capture, human-computer interaction, computational linguistics and audio signal processing. Main tasks in...
computer science