Unnamed: 0
int64
0
41k
title
stringlengths
4
274
category
stringlengths
5
18
summary
stringlengths
22
3.66k
theme
stringclasses
8 values
14,802
Une grammaire formelle du créole martiniquais pour la génération automatique
cs.CL
In this article, some first elements of a computational modelling of the grammar of the Martiniquese French Creole dialect are presented. The sources of inspiration for the modelling is the functional description given by Damoiseau (1984), and Pinalie's & Bernabe's (1999) grammar manual. Based on earlier works in text ...
computer science
14,803
A Layered Grammar Model: Using Tree-Adjoining Grammars to Build a Common Syntactic Kernel for Related Dialects
cs.CL
This article describes the design of a common syntactic description for the core grammar of a group of related dialects. The common description does not rely on an abstract sub-linguistic structure like a metagrammar: it consists in a single FS-LTAG where the actual specific language is included as one of the attribute...
computer science
14,804
Empowering OLAC Extension using Anusaaraka and Effective text processing using Double Byte coding
cs.CL
The paper reviews the hurdles while trying to implement the OLAC extension for Dravidian / Indian languages. The paper further explores the possibilities which could minimise or solve these problems. In this context, the Chinese system of text processing and the anusaaraka system are scrutinised.
computer science
14,805
Implementation of Rule Based Algorithm for Sandhi-Vicheda Of Compound Hindi Words
cs.CL
Sandhi means to join two or more words to coin new word. Sandhi literally means `putting together' or combining (of sounds), It denotes all combinatory sound-changes effected (spontaneously) for ease of pronunciation. Sandhi-vicheda describes [5] the process by which one letter (whether single or cojoined) is broken to...
computer science
14,806
Reference Resolution within the Framework of Cognitive Grammar
cs.CL
Following the principles of Cognitive Grammar, we concentrate on a model for reference resolution that attempts to overcome the difficulties previous approaches, based on the fundamental assumption that all reference (independent on the type of the referring expression) is accomplished via access to and restructuring o...
computer science
14,807
Marking-up multiple views of a Text: Discourse and Reference
cs.CL
We describe an encoding scheme for discourse structure and reference, based on the TEI Guidelines and the recommendations of the Corpus Encoding Specification (CES). A central feature of the scheme is a CES-based data architecture enabling the encoding of and access to multiple views of a marked-up document. We describ...
computer science
14,808
A Common XML-based Framework for Syntactic Annotations
cs.CL
It is widely recognized that the proliferation of annotation schemes runs counter to the need to re-use language resources, and that standards for linguistic annotation are becoming increasingly mandatory. To answer this need, we have developed a framework comprised of an abstract model for a variety of different annot...
computer science
14,809
Standards for Language Resources
cs.CL
This paper presents an abstract data model for linguistic annotations and its implementation using XML, RDF and related standards; and to outline the work of a newly formed committee of the International Standards Organization (ISO), ISO/TC 37/SC 4 Language Resource Management, which will use this work as its starting ...
computer science
14,810
Language Models for Handwritten Short Message Services
cs.CL
Handwriting is an alternative method for entering texts composing Short Message Services. However, a whole new language features the texts which are produced. They include for instance abbreviations and other consonantal writing which sprung up for time saving and fashion. We have collected and processed a significant ...
computer science
14,811
Vers la reconnaissance de mini-messages manuscrits
cs.CL
Handwriting is an alternative method for entering texts which composed Short Message Services. However, a whole new language features the texts which are produced. They include for instance abbreviations and other consonantal writing which sprung up for time saving and fashion. We have collected and processed a signifi...
computer science
14,812
Analyse en dépendances à l'aide des grammaires d'interaction
cs.CL
This article proposes a method to extract dependency structures from phrase-structure level parsing with Interaction Grammars. Interaction Grammars are a formalism which expresses interactions among words using a polarity system. Syntactical composition is led by the saturation of polarities. Interactions take place be...
computer science
14,813
Grouping Synonyms by Definitions
cs.CL
We present a method for grouping the synonyms of a lemma according to its dictionary senses. The senses are defined by a large machine readable dictionary for French, the TLFi (Tr\'esor de la langue fran\c{c}aise informatis\'e) and the synonyms are given by 5 synonym dictionaries (also for French). To evaluate the prop...
computer science
14,814
Mathematics, Recursion, and Universals in Human Languages
cs.CL
There are many scientific problems generated by the multiple and conflicting alternative definitions of linguistic recursion and human recursive processing that exist in the literature. The purpose of this article is to make available to the linguistic community the standard mathematical definition of recursion and to ...
computer science
14,815
Towards Multimodal Content Representation
cs.CL
Multimodal interfaces, combining the use of speech, graphics, gestures, and facial expressions in input and output, promise to provide new possibilities to deal with information in more effective and efficient ways, supporting for instance: - the understanding of possibly imprecise, partial or ambiguous multimodal inpu...
computer science
14,816
On the origin of ambiguity in efficient communication
cs.CL
This article studies the emergence of ambiguity in communication through the concept of logical irreversibility and within the framework of Shannon's information theory. This leads us to a precise and general expression of the intuition behind Zipf's vocabulary balance in terms of a symmetry equation between the comple...
computer science
14,817
Notes on Electronic Lexicography
cs.CL
These notes are a continuation of topics covered by V. Selegej in his article "Electronic Dictionaries and Computational lexicography". How can an electronic dictionary have as its object the description of closely related languages? Obviously, such a question allows multiple answers.
computer science
14,818
Fence - An Efficient Parser with Ambiguity Support for Model-Driven Language Specification
cs.CL
Model-based language specification has applications in the implementation of language processors, the design of domain-specific languages, model-driven software development, data integration, text mining, natural language processing, and corpus-based induction of models. Model-based language specification decouples lan...
computer science
14,819
A Semantic Relatedness Measure Based on Combined Encyclopedic, Ontological and Collocational Knowledge
cs.CL
We describe a new semantic relatedness measure combining the Wikipedia-based Explicit Semantic Analysis measure, the WordNet path measure and the mixed collocation index. Our measure achieves the currently highest results on the WS-353 test: a Spearman rho coefficient of 0.79 (vs. 0.75 in (Gabrilovich and Markovitch, 2...
computer science
14,820
Design of Arabic Diacritical Marks
cs.CL
Diacritical marks play a crucial role in meeting the criteria of usability of typographic text, such as: homogeneity, clarity and legibility. To change the diacritic of a letter in a word could completely change its semantic. The situation is very complicated with multilingual text. Indeed, the problem of design become...
computer science
14,821
Use Pronunciation by Analogy for text to speech system in Persian language
cs.CL
The interest in text to speech synthesis increased in the world .text to speech have been developed formany popular languages such as English, Spanish and French and many researches and developmentshave been applied to those languages. Persian on the other hand, has been given little attentioncompared to other language...
computer science
14,822
NEMO: Extraction and normalization of organization names from PubMed affiliation strings
cs.CL
We propose NEMO, a system for extracting organization names in the affiliation and normalizing them to a canonical organization name. Our parsing process involves multi-layered rule matching with multiple dictionaries. The system achieves more than 98% f-score in extracting organization names. Our process of normalizat...
computer science
14,823
BioSimplify: an open source sentence simplification engine to improve recall in automatic biomedical information extraction
cs.CL
BioSimplify is an open source tool written in Java that introduces and facilitates the use of a novel model for sentence simplification tuned for automatic discourse analysis and information extraction (as opposed to sentence simplification for improving human readability). The model is based on a "shot-gun" approach t...
computer science
14,824
An Effective Approach to Biomedical Information Extraction with Limited Training Data
cs.CL
Overall, the two main contributions of this work include the application of sentence simplification to association extraction as described above, and the use of distributional semantics for concept extraction. The proposed work on concept extraction amalgamates for the first time two diverse research areas -distributio...
computer science
14,825
Boundary identification of events in clinical named entity recognition
cs.CL
The problem of named entity recognition in the medical/clinical domain has gained increasing attention do to its vital role in a wide range of clinical decision support applications. The identification of complete and correct term span is vital for further knowledge synthesis (e.g., coding/mapping concepts thesauruses ...
computer science
14,826
Logical analysis of natural language semantics to solve the problem of computer understanding
cs.CL
An object--oriented approach to create a natural language understanding system is considered. The understanding program is a formal system built on the base of predicative calculus. Horn's clauses are used as well--formed formulas. An inference is based on the principle of resolution. Sentences of natural language are ...
computer science
14,827
Hidden Structure and Function in the Lexicon
cs.CL
How many words are needed to define all the words in a dictionary? Graph-theoretic analysis reveals that about 10% of a dictionary is a unique Kernel of words that define one another and all the rest, but this is not the smallest such subset. The Kernel consists of one huge strongly connected component (SCC), about hal...
computer science
14,828
B(eo)W(u)LF: Facilitating recurrence analysis on multi-level language
cs.CL
Discourse analysis may seek to characterize not only the overall composition of a given text but also the dynamic patterns within the data. This technical report introduces a data format intended to facilitate multi-level investigations, which we call the by-word long-form or B(eo)W(u)LF. Inspired by the long-form data...
computer science
14,829
Consensus Sequence Segmentation
cs.CL
In this paper we introduce a method to detect words or phrases in a given sequence of alphabets without knowing the lexicon. Our linear time unsupervised algorithm relies entirely on statistical relationships among alphabets in the input sequence to detect location of word boundaries. We compare our algorithm to previo...
computer science
14,830
An Investigation of the Sampling-Based Alignment Method and Its Contributions
cs.CL
By investigating the distribution of phrase pairs in phrase translation tables, the work in this paper describes an approach to increase the number of n-gram alignments in phrase translation tables output by a sampling-based alignment method. This approach consists in enforcing the alignment of n-grams in distinct tran...
computer science
14,831
A Literature Review: Stemming Algorithms for Indian Languages
cs.CL
Stemming is the process of extracting root word from the given inflection word. It also plays significant role in numerous application of Natural Language Processing (NLP). The stemming problem has addressed in many contexts and by researchers in many disciplines. This expository paper presents survey of some of the la...
computer science
14,832
Linear models and linear mixed effects models in R with linguistic applications
cs.CL
This text is a conceptual introduction to mixed effects modeling with linguistic applications, using the R programming environment. The reader is introduced to linear modeling and assumptions, as well as to mixed effects/multilevel modeling, including a discussion of random intercepts, random slopes and likelihood rati...
computer science
14,833
NRC-Canada: Building the State-of-the-Art in Sentiment Analysis of Tweets
cs.CL
In this paper, we describe how we created two state-of-the-art SVM classifiers, one to detect the sentiment of messages such as tweets and SMS (message-level task) and one to detect the sentiment of a term within a submissions stood first in both tasks on tweets, obtaining an F-score of 69.02 in the message-level task ...
computer science
14,834
Crowdsourcing a Word-Emotion Association Lexicon
cs.CL
Even though considerable attention has been given to the polarity of words (positive and negative) and the creation of large polarity lexicons, research in emotion analysis has had to rely on limited and small emotion lexicons. In this paper we show how the combined strength and wisdom of the crowds can be used to gene...
computer science
14,835
Computing Lexical Contrast
cs.CL
Knowing the degree of semantic contrast between words has widespread application in natural language processing, including machine translation, information retrieval, and dialogue systems. Manually-created lexicons focus on opposites, such as {\rm hot} and {\rm cold}. Opposites are of many kinds such as antipodals, com...
computer science
14,836
DepAnn - An Annotation Tool for Dependency Treebanks
cs.CL
DepAnn is an interactive annotation tool for dependency treebanks, providing both graphical and text-based annotation interfaces. The tool is aimed for semi-automatic creation of treebanks. It aids the manual inspection and correction of automatically created parses, making the annotation process faster and less error-...
computer science
14,837
Dependency Treebanks: Methods, Annotation Schemes and Tools
cs.CL
In this paper, current dependencybased treebanks are introduced and analyzed. The methods used for building the resources, the annotation schemes applied, and the tools used (such as POS taggers, parsers and annotation software) are discussed.
computer science
14,838
Mathematical Model for Transformation of Sentences from Active Voice to Passive Voice
cs.CL
Formal work in linguistics has both produced and used important mathematical tools. Motivated by a survey of models for context and word meaning, syntactic categories, phrase structure rules and trees, an attempt is being made in the present paper to present a mathematical model for structuring of sentences from active...
computer science
14,839
Encoding models for scholarly literature
cs.CL
We examine the issue of digital formats for document encoding, archiving and publishing, through the specific example of "born-digital" scholarly journal articles. We will begin by looking at the traditional workflow of journal editing and publication, and how these practices have made the transition into the online do...
computer science
14,840
Without a 'doubt'? Unsupervised discovery of downward-entailing operators
cs.CL
An important part of textual inference is making deductions involving monotonicity, that is, determining whether a given assertion entails restrictions or relaxations of that assertion. For instance, the statement 'We know the epidemic spread quickly' does not entail 'We know the epidemic spread quickly via fleas', but...
computer science
14,841
Non-Parametric Bayesian Areal Linguistics
cs.CL
We describe a statistical model over linguistic areas and phylogeny. Our model recovers known areas and identifies a plausible hierarchy of areal features. The use of areas improves genetic reconstruction of languages both qualitatively and quantitatively according to a variety of metrics. We model linguistic areas b...
computer science
14,842
A Bayesian Model for Discovering Typological Implications
cs.CL
A standard form of analysis for linguistic typology is the universal implication. These implications state facts about the range of extant languages, such as ``if objects come after verbs, then adjectives come after nouns.'' Such implications are typically discovered by painstaking hand analysis over a small sample of ...
computer science
14,843
Induction of Word and Phrase Alignments for Automatic Document Summarization
cs.CL
Current research in automatic single document summarization is dominated by two effective, yet naive approaches: summarization by sentence extraction, and headline generation via bag-of-words models. While successful in some tasks, neither of these models is able to adequately capture the large set of linguistic device...
computer science
14,844
A Noisy-Channel Model for Document Compression
cs.CL
We present a document compression system that uses a hierarchical noisy-channel model of text production. Our compression system first automatically derives the syntactic structure of each sentence and the overall discourse structure of the text given as input. The system then uses a statistical hierarchical model of t...
computer science
14,845
A Large-Scale Exploration of Effective Global Features for a Joint Entity Detection and Tracking Model
cs.CL
Entity detection and tracking (EDT) is the task of identifying textual mentions of real-world entities in documents, extending the named entity detection and coreference resolution task by considering mentions other than names (pronouns, definite descriptions, etc.). Like NE tagging and coreference resolution, most sol...
computer science
14,846
Pattern Based Term Extraction Using ACABIT System
cs.CL
In this paper, we propose a pattern-based term extraction approach for Japanese, applying ACABIT system originally developed for French. The proposed approach evaluates termhood using morphological patterns of basic terms and term variants. After extracting term candidates, ACABIT system filters out non-terms from the ...
computer science
14,847
Un système modulaire d'acquisition automatique de traductions à partir du Web
cs.CL
We present a method of automatic translation (French/English) of Complex Lexical Units (CLU) for aiming at extracting a bilingual lexicon. Our modular system is based on linguistic properties (compositionality, polysemy, etc.). Different aspects of the multilingual Web are used to validate candidate translations and co...
computer science
14,848
A Note On Higher Order Grammar
cs.CL
Both syntax-phonology and syntax-semantics interfaces in Higher Order Grammar (HOG) are expressed as axiomatic theories in higher-order logic (HOL), i.e. a language is defined entirely in terms of provability in the single logical system. An important implication of this elegant architecture is that the meaning of a va...
computer science
14,849
Ludics and its Applications to natural Language Semantics
cs.CL
Proofs, in Ludics, have an interpretation provided by their counter-proofs, that is the objects they interact with. We follow the same idea by proposing that sentence meanings are given by the counter-meanings they are opposed to in a dialectical interaction. The conception is at the intersection of a proof-theoretic a...
computer science
14,850
Evaluation of Hindi to Punjabi Machine Translation System
cs.CL
Machine Translation in India is relatively young. The earliest efforts date from the late 80s and early 90s. The success of every system is judged from its evaluation experimental results. Number of machine translation systems has been started for development but to the best of author knowledge, no high quality system ...
computer science
14,851
Speech Recognition by Machine, A Review
cs.CL
This paper presents a brief survey on Automatic Speech Recognition and discusses the major themes and advances made in the past 60 years of research, so as to provide a technological perspective and an appreciation of the fundamental progress that has been accomplished in this important area of speech communication. Af...
computer science
14,852
Sentence Simplification Aids Protein-Protein Interaction Extraction
cs.CL
Accurate systems for extracting Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs) automatically from biomedical articles can help accelerate biomedical research. Biomedical Informatics researchers are collaborating to provide metaservices and advance the state-of-art in PPI extraction. One problem often neglected by current Natural ...
computer science
14,853
Towards Effective Sentence Simplification for Automatic Processing of Biomedical Text
cs.CL
The complexity of sentences characteristic to biomedical articles poses a challenge to natural language parsers, which are typically trained on large-scale corpora of non-technical text. We propose a text simplification process, bioSimplify, that seeks to reduce the complexity of sentences in biomedical abstracts in or...
computer science
14,854
A probabilistic top-down parser for minimalist grammars
cs.CL
This paper describes a probabilistic top-down parser for minimalist grammars. Top-down parsers have the great advantage of having a certain predictive power during the parsing, which takes place in a left-to-right reading of the sentence. Such parsers have already been well-implemented and studied in the case of Contex...
computer science
14,855
Learning Taxonomy for Text Segmentation by Formal Concept Analysis
cs.CL
In this paper the problems of deriving a taxonomy from a text and concept-oriented text segmentation are approached. Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) method is applied to solve both of these linguistic problems. The proposed segmentation method offers a conceptual view for text segmentation, using a context-driven cluster...
computer science
14,856
Geometric representations for minimalist grammars
cs.CL
We reformulate minimalist grammars as partial functions on term algebras for strings and trees. Using filler/role bindings and tensor product representations, we construct homomorphisms for these data structures into geometric vector spaces. We prove that the structure-building functions as well as simple processors fo...
computer science
14,857
Developing a New Approach for Arabic Morphological Analysis and Generation
cs.CL
Arabic morphological analysis is one of the essential stages in Arabic Natural Language Processing. In this paper we present an approach for Arabic morphological analysis. This approach is based on Arabic morphological automaton (AMAUT). The proposed technique uses a morphological database realized using XMODEL languag...
computer science
14,858
Polarized Montagovian Semantics for the Lambek-Grishin calculus
cs.CL
Grishin proposed enriching the Lambek calculus with multiplicative disjunction (par) and coresiduals. Applications to linguistics were discussed by Moortgat, who spoke of the Lambek-Grishin calculus (LG). In this paper, we adapt Girard's polarity-sensitive double negation embedding for classical logic to extract a comp...
computer science
14,859
Materials to the Russian-Bulgarian Comparative Dictionary "EAD"
cs.CL
This article presents a fragment of a new comparative dictionary "A comparative dictionary of names of expansive action in Russian and Bulgarian languages". Main features of the new web-based comparative dictionary are placed, the principles of its formation are shown, primary links between the word-matches are classif...
computer science
14,860
A Universal Part-of-Speech Tagset
cs.CL
To facilitate future research in unsupervised induction of syntactic structure and to standardize best-practices, we propose a tagset that consists of twelve universal part-of-speech categories. In addition to the tagset, we develop a mapping from 25 different treebank tagsets to this universal set. As a result, when c...
computer science
14,861
Seeking Meaning in a Space Made out of Strokes, Radicals, Characters and Compounds
cs.CL
Chinese characters can be compared to a molecular structure: a character is analogous to a molecule, radicals are like atoms, calligraphic strokes correspond to elementary particles, and when characters form compounds, they are like molecular structures. In chemistry the conjunction of all of these structural levels pr...
computer science
14,862
Performance Evaluation of Statistical Approaches for Text Independent Speaker Recognition Using Source Feature
cs.CL
This paper introduces the performance evaluation of statistical approaches for TextIndependent speaker recognition system using source feature. Linear prediction LP residual is used as a representation of excitation information in speech. The speaker-specific information in the excitation of voiced speech is captured u...
computer science
14,863
Gender identity and lexical variation in social media
cs.CL
We present a study of the relationship between gender, linguistic style, and social networks, using a novel corpus of 14,000 Twitter users. Prior quantitative work on gender often treats this social variable as a female/male binary; we argue for a more nuanced approach. By clustering Twitter users, we find a natural de...
computer science
14,864
A Lightweight Stemmer for Gujarati
cs.CL
Gujarati is a resource poor language with almost no language processing tools being available. In this paper we have shown an implementation of a rule based stemmer of Gujarati. We have shown the creation of rules for stemming and the richness in morphology that Gujarati possesses. We have also evaluated our results by...
computer science
14,865
Design of English-Hindi Translation Memory for Efficient Translation
cs.CL
Developing parallel corpora is an important and a difficult activity for Machine Translation. This requires manual annotation by Human Translators. Translating same text again is a useless activity. There are tools available to implement this for European Languages, but no such tool is available for Indian Languages. I...
computer science
14,866
Extraction of domain-specific bilingual lexicon from comparable corpora: compositional translation and ranking
cs.CL
This paper proposes a method for extracting translations of morphologically constructed terms from comparable corpora. The method is based on compositional translation and exploits translation equivalences at the morpheme-level, which allows for the generation of "fertile" translations (translation pairs in which the t...
computer science
14,867
Classification Analysis Of Authorship Fiction Texts in The Space Of Semantic Fields
cs.CL
The use of naive Bayesian classifier (NB) and the classifier by the k nearest neighbors (kNN) in classification semantic analysis of authors' texts of English fiction has been analysed. The authors' works are considered in the vector space the basis of which is formed by the frequency characteristics of semantic fields...
computer science
14,868
The Hangulphabet: A Descriptive Alphabet
cs.CL
This paper describes the Hangulphabet, a new writing system that should prove useful in a number of contexts. Using the Hangulphabet, a user can instantly see voicing, manner and place of articulation of any phoneme found in human language. The Hangulphabet places consonant graphemes on a grid with the x-axis represent...
computer science
14,869
Large Scale Language Modeling in Automatic Speech Recognition
cs.CL
Large language models have been proven quite beneficial for a variety of automatic speech recognition tasks in Google. We summarize results on Voice Search and a few YouTube speech transcription tasks to highlight the impact that one can expect from increasing both the amount of training data, and the size of the langu...
computer science
14,870
Comparing and Combining Sentiment Analysis Methods
cs.CL
Several messages express opinions about events, products, and services, political views or even their author's emotional state and mood. Sentiment analysis has been used in several applications including analysis of the repercussions of events in social networks, analysis of opinions about products and services, and si...
computer science
14,871
A Semantic Approach to Summarization
cs.CL
Sentence extraction based summarization methods has some limitations as it doesn't go into the semantics of the document. Also, it lacks the capability of sentence generation which is intuitive to humans. Here we present a novel method to summarize text documents taking the process to semantic levels with the use of Wo...
computer science
14,872
The Best Templates Match Technique For Example Based Machine Translation
cs.CL
It has been proved that large scale realistic Knowledge Based Machine Translation applications require acquisition of huge knowledge about language and about the world. This knowledge is encoded in computational grammars, lexicons and domain models. Another approach which avoids the need for collecting and analyzing ma...
computer science
14,873
Basis Identification for Automatic Creation of Pronunciation Lexicon for Proper Names
cs.CL
Development of a proper names pronunciation lexicon is usually a manual effort which can not be avoided. Grapheme to phoneme (G2P) conversion modules, in literature, are usually rule based and work best for non-proper names in a particular language. Proper names are foreign to a G2P module. We follow an optimization ap...
computer science
14,874
Toward verbalizing ontologies in isiZulu
cs.CL
IsiZulu is one of the eleven official languages of South Africa and roughly half the population can speak it. It is the first (home) language for over 10 million people in South Africa. Only a few computational resources exist for isiZulu and its related Nguni languages, yet the imperative for tool development exists. ...
computer science
14,875
How Easy is it to Learn a Controlled Natural Language for Building a Knowledge Base?
cs.CL
Recent developments in controlled natural language editors for knowledge engineering (KE) have given rise to expectations that they will make KE tasks more accessible and perhaps even enable non-engineers to build knowledge bases. This exploratory research focussed on novices and experts in knowledge engineering during...
computer science
14,876
Controlled Natural Language Generation from a Multilingual FrameNet-based Grammar
cs.CL
This paper presents a currently bilingual but potentially multilingual FrameNet-based grammar library implemented in Grammatical Framework. The contribution of this paper is two-fold. First, it offers a methodological approach to automatically generate the grammar based on semantico-syntactic valence patterns extracted...
computer science
14,877
A Brief State of the Art for Ontology Authoring
cs.CL
One of the main challenges for building the Semantic web is Ontology Authoring. Controlled Natural Languages CNLs offer a user friendly means for non-experts to author ontologies. This paper provides a snapshot of the state-of-the-art for the core CNLs for ontology authoring and reviews their respective evaluations.
computer science
14,878
Are Style Guides Controlled Languages? The Case of Koenig & Bauer AG
cs.CL
Controlled natural languages for industrial application are often regarded as a response to the challenges of translation and multilingual communication. This paper presents a quite different approach taken by Koenig & Bauer AG, where the main goal was the improvement of the authoring process for technical documentatio...
computer science
14,879
Question Answering with Subgraph Embeddings
cs.CL
This paper presents a system which learns to answer questions on a broad range of topics from a knowledge base using few hand-crafted features. Our model learns low-dimensional embeddings of words and knowledge base constituents; these representations are used to score natural language questions against candidate answe...
computer science
14,880
Translation Of Telugu-Marathi and Vice-Versa using Rule Based Machine Translation
cs.CL
In todays digital world automated Machine Translation of one language to another has covered a long way to achieve different kinds of success stories. Whereas Babel Fish supports a good number of foreign languages and only Hindi from Indian languages, the Google Translator takes care of about 10 Indian languages. Thoug...
computer science
14,881
Handling non-compositionality in multilingual CNLs
cs.CL
In this paper, we describe methods for handling multilingual non-compositional constructions in the framework of GF. We specifically look at methods to detect and extract non-compositional phrases from parallel texts and propose methods to handle such constructions in GF grammars. We expect that the methods to handle n...
computer science
14,882
Towards an Error Correction Memory to Enhance Technical Texts Authoring in LELIE
cs.CL
In this paper, we investigate and experiment the notion of error correction memory applied to error correction in technical texts. The main purpose is to induce relatively generic correction patterns associated with more contextual correction recommendations, based on previously memorized and analyzed corrections. The ...
computer science
14,883
Embedded Controlled Languages
cs.CL
Inspired by embedded programming languages, an embedded CNL (controlled natural language) is a proper fragment of an entire natural language (its host language), but it has a parser that recognizes the entire host language. This makes it possible to process out-of-CNL input and give useful feedback to users, instead of...
computer science
14,884
Mapping the Economic Crisis: Some Preliminary Investigations
cs.CL
In this paper we describe our contribution to the PoliInformatics 2014 Challenge on the 2007-2008 financial crisis. We propose a state of the art technique to extract information from texts and provide different representations, giving first a static overview of the domain and then a dynamic representation of its main ...
computer science
14,885
A survey on phrase structure learning methods for text classification
cs.CL
Text classification is a task of automatic classification of text into one of the predefined categories. The problem of text classification has been widely studied in different communities like natural language processing, data mining and information retrieval. Text classification is an important constituent in many in...
computer science
14,886
FrameNet Resource Grammar Library for GF
cs.CL
In this paper we present an ongoing research investigating the possibility and potential of integrating frame semantics, particularly FrameNet, in the Grammatical Framework (GF) application grammar development. An important component of GF is its Resource Grammar Library (RGL) that encapsulates the low-level linguistic...
computer science
14,887
Jabalin: a Comprehensive Computational Model of Modern Standard Arabic Verbal Morphology Based on Traditional Arabic Prosody
cs.CL
The computational handling of Modern Standard Arabic is a challenge in the field of natural language processing due to its highly rich morphology. However, several authors have pointed out that the Arabic morphological system is in fact extremely regular. The existing Arabic morphological analyzers have exploited this ...
computer science
14,888
Inter-rater Agreement on Sentence Formality
cs.CL
Formality is one of the most important dimensions of writing style variation. In this study we conducted an inter-rater reliability experiment for assessing sentence formality on a five-point Likert scale, and obtained good agreement results as well as different rating distributions for different sentence categories. W...
computer science
14,889
Building Ontologies to Understand Spoken Tunisian Dialect
cs.CL
This paper presents a method to understand spoken Tunisian dialect based on lexical semantic. This method takes into account the specificity of the Tunisian dialect which has no linguistic processing tools. This method is ontology-based which allows exploiting the ontological concepts for semantic annotation and ontolo...
computer science
14,890
LexRank: Graph-based Lexical Centrality as Salience in Text Summarization
cs.CL
We introduce a stochastic graph-based method for computing relative importance of textual units for Natural Language Processing. We test the technique on the problem of Text Summarization (TS). Extractive TS relies on the concept of sentence salience to identify the most important sentences in a document or set of docu...
computer science
14,891
Combining Knowledge- and Corpus-based Word-Sense-Disambiguation Methods
cs.CL
In this paper we concentrate on the resolution of the lexical ambiguity that arises when a given word has several different meanings. This specific task is commonly referred to as word sense disambiguation (WSD). The task of WSD consists of assigning the correct sense to words using an electronic dictionary as the sour...
computer science
14,892
Learning Content Selection Rules for Generating Object Descriptions in Dialogue
cs.CL
A fundamental requirement of any task-oriented dialogue system is the ability to generate object descriptions that refer to objects in the task domain. The subproblem of content selection for object descriptions in task-oriented dialogue has been the focus of much previous work and a large number of models have been pr...
computer science
14,893
A Probabilistic Approach to Pronunciation by Analogy
cs.CL
The relationship between written and spoken words is convoluted in languages with a deep orthography such as English and therefore it is difficult to devise explicit rules for generating the pronunciations for unseen words. Pronunciation by analogy (PbA) is a data-driven method of constructing pronunciations for novel ...
computer science
14,894
Automatic transcription of 17th century English text in Contemporary English with NooJ: Method and Evaluation
cs.CL
Since 2006 we have undertaken to describe the differences between 17th century English and contemporary English thanks to NLP software. Studying a corpus spanning the whole century (tales of English travellers in the Ottoman Empire in the 17th century, Mary Astell's essay A Serious Proposal to the Ladies and other lite...
computer science
14,895
Object-oriented semantics of English in natural language understanding system
cs.CL
A new approach to the problem of natural language understanding is proposed. The knowledge domain under consideration is the social behavior of people. English sentences are translated into set of predicates of a semantic database, which describe persons, occupations, organizations, projects, actions, events, messages,...
computer science
14,896
Rule-weighted and terminal-weighted context-free grammars have identical expressivity
cs.CL
Two formalisms, both based on context-free grammars, have recently been proposed as a basis for a non-uniform random generation of combinatorial objects. The former, introduced by Denise et al, associates weights with letters, while the latter, recently explored by Weinberg et al in the context of random generation, as...
computer science
14,897
Parsing of Myanmar sentences with function tagging
cs.CL
This paper describes the use of Naive Bayes to address the task of assigning function tags and context free grammar (CFG) to parse Myanmar sentences. Part of the challenge of statistical function tagging for Myanmar sentences comes from the fact that Myanmar has free-phrase-order and a complex morphological system. Fun...
computer science
14,898
A Model-Driven Probabilistic Parser Generator
cs.CL
Existing probabilistic scanners and parsers impose hard constraints on the way lexical and syntactic ambiguities can be resolved. Furthermore, traditional grammar-based parsing tools are limited in the mechanisms they allow for taking context into account. In this paper, we propose a model-driven tool that allows for s...
computer science
14,899
Arabic Language Learning Assisted by Computer, based on Automatic Speech Recognition
cs.CL
This work consists of creating a system of the Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) based on a system of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) for the Arabic language using the tool CMU Sphinx3 [1], based on the approach of HMM. To this work, we have constructed a corpus of six hours of speech recordings with a numb...
computer science
14,900
Task-specific Word-Clustering for Part-of-Speech Tagging
cs.CL
While the use of cluster features became ubiquitous in core NLP tasks, most cluster features in NLP are based on distributional similarity. We propose a new type of clustering criteria, specific to the task of part-of-speech tagging. Instead of distributional similarity, these clusters are based on the beha vior of a b...
computer science
14,901
Precision-biased Parsing and High-Quality Parse Selection
cs.CL
We introduce precision-biased parsing: a parsing task which favors precision over recall by allowing the parser to abstain from decisions deemed uncertain. We focus on dependency-parsing and present an ensemble method which is capable of assigning parents to 84% of the text tokens while being over 96% accurate on these...
computer science