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15,002 | A Novel Approach to Dropped Pronoun Translation | cs.CL | Dropped Pronouns (DP) in which pronouns are frequently dropped in the source
language but should be retained in the target language are challenge in machine
translation. In response to this problem, we propose a semi-supervised approach
to recall possibly missing pronouns in the translation. Firstly, we build
training ... | computer science |
15,003 | Row-less Universal Schema | cs.CL | Universal schema jointly embeds knowledge bases and textual patterns to
reason about entities and relations for automatic knowledge base construction
and information extraction. In the past, entity pairs and relations were
represented as learned vectors with compatibility determined by a scoring
function, limiting gene... | computer science |
15,004 | SweLL on the rise: Swedish Learner Language corpus for European
Reference Level studies | cs.CL | We present a new resource for Swedish, SweLL, a corpus of Swedish Learner
essays linked to learners' performance according to the Common European
Framework of Reference (CEFR). SweLL consists of three subcorpora - SpIn,
SW1203 and Tisus, collected from three different educational establishments.
The common metadata for... | computer science |
15,005 | Automatic verbal aggression detection for Russian and American
imageboards | cs.CL | The problem of aggression for Internet communities is rampant. Anonymous
forums usually called imageboards are notorious for their aggressive and
deviant behaviour even in comparison with other Internet communities. This
study is aimed at studying ways of automatic detection of verbal expression of
aggression for the m... | computer science |
15,006 | Detecting state of aggression in sentences using CNN | cs.CL | In this article we study verbal expression of aggression and its detection
using machine learning and neural networks methods. We test our results using
our corpora of messages from anonymous imageboards. We also compare Random
forest classifier with convolutional neural network for "Movie reviews with one
sentence per... | computer science |
15,007 | Why and How to Pay Different Attention to Phrase Alignments of Different
Intensities | cs.CL | This work studies comparatively two typical sentence pair classification
tasks: textual entailment (TE) and answer selection (AS), observing that phrase
alignments of different intensities contribute differently in these tasks. We
address the problems of identifying phrase alignments of flexible granularity
and pooling... | computer science |
15,008 | Parsing Argumentation Structures in Persuasive Essays | cs.CL | In this article, we present a novel approach for parsing argumentation
structures. We identify argument components using sequence labeling at the
token level and apply a new joint model for detecting argumentation structures.
The proposed model globally optimizes argument component types and
argumentative relations usi... | computer science |
15,009 | Entities as topic labels: Improving topic interpretability and
evaluability combining Entity Linking and Labeled LDA | cs.CL | In order to create a corpus exploration method providing topics that are
easier to interpret than standard LDA topic models, here we propose combining
two techniques called Entity linking and Labeled LDA. Our method identifies in
an ontology a series of descriptive labels for each document in a corpus. Then
it generate... | computer science |
15,010 | Extracting Temporal and Causal Relations between Events | cs.CL | Structured information resulting from temporal information processing is
crucial for a variety of natural language processing tasks, for instance to
generate timeline summarization of events from news documents, or to answer
temporal/causal-related questions about some events. In this thesis we present
a framework for ... | computer science |
15,011 | The IBM 2016 English Conversational Telephone Speech Recognition System | cs.CL | We describe a collection of acoustic and language modeling techniques that
lowered the word error rate of our English conversational telephone LVCSR
system to a record 6.6% on the Switchboard subset of the Hub5 2000 evaluation
testset. On the acoustic side, we use a score fusion of three strong models:
recurrent nets w... | computer science |
15,012 | Comparing Fifty Natural Languages and Twelve Genetic Languages Using
Word Embedding Language Divergence (WELD) as a Quantitative Measure of
Language Distance | cs.CL | We introduce a new measure of distance between languages based on word
embedding, called word embedding language divergence (WELD). WELD is defined as
divergence between unified similarity distribution of words between languages.
Using such a measure, we perform language comparison for fifty natural
languages and twelv... | computer science |
15,013 | Word Ordering Without Syntax | cs.CL | Recent work on word ordering has argued that syntactic structure is
important, or even required, for effectively recovering the order of a
sentence. We find that, in fact, an n-gram language model with a simple
heuristic gives strong results on this task. Furthermore, we show that a long
short-term memory (LSTM) langua... | computer science |
15,014 | Distance Metric Learning for Aspect Phrase Grouping | cs.CL | Aspect phrase grouping is an important task in aspect-level sentiment
analysis. It is a challenging problem due to polysemy and context dependency.
We propose an Attention-based Deep Distance Metric Learning (ADDML) method, by
considering aspect phrase representation as well as context representation.
First, leveraging... | computer science |
15,015 | Investigation of the Zipf-plot of the extinct Meroitic language | cs.CL | The ancient and extinct language Meroitic is investigated using Zipf's Law.
In particular, since Meroitic is still undeciphered, the Zipf law analysis
allows us to assess the quality of current texts and possible avenues for
future investigation using statistical techniques. | computer science |
15,016 | What It Feels Like To Hear Voices: Fond Memories of Julian Jaynes | cs.CL | Julian Jaynes's profound humanitarian convictions not only prevented him from
going to war, but would have prevented him from ever kicking a dog. Yet
according to his theory, not only are language-less dogs unconscious, but so
too were the speaking/hearing Greeks in the Bicameral Era, when they heard
gods' voices telli... | computer science |
15,017 | Constructing word similarities in Meroitic as an aid to decipherment | cs.CL | Meroitic is the still undeciphered language of the ancient civilization of
Kush. Over the years, various techniques for decipherment such as finding a
bilingual text or cognates from modern or other ancient languages in the Sudan
and surrounding areas has not been successful. Using techniques borrowed from
information ... | computer science |
15,018 | Open architecture for multilingual parallel texts | cs.CL | Multilingual parallel texts (abbreviated to parallel texts) are linguistic
versions of the same content ("translations"); e.g., the Maastricht Treaty in
English and Spanish are parallel texts. This document is about creating an open
architecture for the whole Authoring, Translation and Publishing Chain
(ATP-chain) for ... | computer science |
15,019 | Inference and Plausible Reasoning in a Natural Language Understanding
System Based on Object-Oriented Semantics | cs.CL | Algorithms of inference in a computer system oriented to input and semantic
processing of text information are presented. Such inference is necessary for
logical questions when the direct comparison of objects from a question and
database can not give a result. The following classes of problems are
considered: a check ... | computer science |
15,020 | Considering a resource-light approach to learning verb valencies | cs.CL | Here we describe work on learning the subcategories of verbs in a
morphologically rich language using only minimal linguistic resources. Our goal
is to learn verb subcategorizations for Quechua, an under-resourced
morphologically rich language, from an unannotated corpus. We compare results
from applying this approach ... | computer science |
15,021 | Beyond Sentiment: The Manifold of Human Emotions | cs.CL | Sentiment analysis predicts the presence of positive or negative emotions in
a text document. In this paper we consider higher dimensional extensions of the
sentiment concept, which represent a richer set of human emotions. Our approach
goes beyond previous work in that our model contains a continuous manifold
rather t... | computer science |
15,022 | Realisation d'un systeme de reconnaissance automatique de la parole
arabe base sur CMU Sphinx | cs.CL | This paper presents the continuation of the work completed by Satori and all.
[SCH07] by the realization of an automatic speech recognition system (ASR) for
Arabic language based SPHINX 4 system. The previous work was limited to the
recognition of the first ten digits, whereas the present work is a remarkable
projectio... | computer science |
15,023 | Language Acquisition in Computers | cs.CL | This project explores the nature of language acquisition in computers, guided
by techniques similar to those used in children. While existing natural
language processing methods are limited in scope and understanding, our system
aims to gain an understanding of language from first principles and hence
minimal initial i... | computer science |
15,024 | UNL Based Bangla Natural Text Conversion - Predicate Preserving Parser
Approach | cs.CL | Universal Networking Language (UNL) is a declarative formal language that is
used to represent semantic data extracted from natural language texts. This
paper presents a novel approach to converting Bangla natural language text into
UNL using a method known as Predicate Preserving Parser (PPP) technique. PPP
performs m... | computer science |
15,025 | Hedge detection as a lens on framing in the GMO debates: A position
paper | cs.CL | Understanding the ways in which participants in public discussions frame
their arguments is important in understanding how public opinion is formed. In
this paper, we adopt the position that it is time for more
computationally-oriented research on problems involving framing. In the
interests of furthering that goal, we... | computer science |
15,026 | Developing a model for a text database indexed pedagogically for
teaching the Arabic language | cs.CL | In this memory we made the design of an indexing model for Arabic language
and adapting standards for describing learning resources used (the LOM and
their application profiles) with learning conditions such as levels education
of students, their levels of understanding...the pedagogical context with
taking into accoun... | computer science |
15,027 | BADREX: In situ expansion and coreference of biomedical abbreviations
using dynamic regular expressions | cs.CL | BADREX uses dynamically generated regular expressions to annotate term
definition-term abbreviation pairs, and corefers unpaired acronyms and
abbreviations back to their initial definition in the text. Against the
Medstract corpus BADREX achieves precision and recall of 98% and 97%, and
against a much larger corpus, 90... | computer science |
15,028 | TempEval-3: Evaluating Events, Time Expressions, and Temporal Relations | cs.CL | We describe the TempEval-3 task which is currently in preparation for the
SemEval-2013 evaluation exercise. The aim of TempEval is to advance research on
temporal information processing. TempEval-3 follows on from previous TempEval
events, incorporating: a three-part task structure covering event, temporal
expression a... | computer science |
15,029 | Using external sources of bilingual information for on-the-fly word
alignment | cs.CL | In this paper we present a new and simple language-independent method for
word-alignment based on the use of external sources of bilingual information
such as machine translation systems. We show that the few parameters of the
aligner can be trained on a very small corpus, which leads to results
comparable to those obt... | computer science |
15,030 | Identifying Metaphor Hierarchies in a Corpus Analysis of Finance
Articles | cs.CL | Using a corpus of over 17,000 financial news reports (involving over 10M
words), we perform an analysis of the argument-distributions of the UP- and
DOWN-verbs used to describe movements of indices, stocks, and shares. Using
measures of the overlap in the argument distributions of these verbs and
k-means clustering of ... | computer science |
15,031 | Identifying Metaphoric Antonyms in a Corpus Analysis of Finance Articles | cs.CL | Using a corpus of 17,000+ financial news reports (involving over 10M words),
we perform an analysis of the argument-distributions of the UP and DOWN verbs
used to describe movements of indices, stocks and shares. In Study 1
participants identified antonyms of these verbs in a free-response task and a
matching task from... | computer science |
15,032 | Diachronic Variation in Grammatical Relations | cs.CL | We present a method of finding and analyzing shifts in grammatical relations
found in diachronic corpora. Inspired by the econometric technique of measuring
return and volatility instead of relative frequencies, we propose them as a way
to better characterize changes in grammatical patterns like nominalization,
modific... | computer science |
15,033 | Assessing Sentiment Strength in Words Prior Polarities | cs.CL | Many approaches to sentiment analysis rely on lexica where words are tagged
with their prior polarity - i.e. if a word out of context evokes something
positive or something negative. In particular, broad-coverage resources like
SentiWordNet provide polarities for (almost) every word. Since words can have
multiple sense... | computer science |
15,034 | Natural Language Understanding Based on Semantic Relations between
Sentences | cs.CL | In this paper, we define event expression over sentences of natural language
and semantic relations between events. Based on this definition, we formally
consider text understanding process having events as basic unit. | computer science |
15,035 | Large Scale Distributed Acoustic Modeling With Back-off N-grams | cs.CL | The paper revives an older approach to acoustic modeling that borrows from
n-gram language modeling in an attempt to scale up both the amount of training
data and model size (as measured by the number of parameters in the model), to
approximately 100 times larger than current sizes used in automatic speech
recognition.... | computer science |
15,036 | Towards the Rapid Development of a Natural Language Understanding Module | cs.CL | When developing a conversational agent, there is often an urgent need to have
a prototype available in order to test the application with real users. A
Wizard of Oz is a possibility, but sometimes the agent should be simply
deployed in the environment where it will be used. Here, the agent should be
able to capture as ... | computer science |
15,037 | Sémantique des déterminants dans un cadre richement typé | cs.CL | The variation of word meaning according to the context leads us to enrich the
type system of our syntactical and semantic analyser of French based on
categorial grammars and Montague semantics (or lambda-DRT). The main advantage
of a deep semantic analyse is too represent meaning by logical formulae that
can be easily ... | computer science |
15,038 | Lexical Access for Speech Understanding using Minimum Message Length
Encoding | cs.CL | The Lexical Access Problem consists of determining the intended sequence of
words corresponding to an input sequence of phonemes (basic speech sounds) that
come from a low-level phoneme recognizer. In this paper we present an
information-theoretic approach based on the Minimum Message Length Criterion
for solving the L... | computer science |
15,039 | Building a reordering system using tree-to-string hierarchical model | cs.CL | This paper describes our submission to the First Workshop on Reordering for
Statistical Machine Translation. We have decided to build a reordering system
based on tree-to-string model, using only publicly available tools to
accomplish this task. With the provided training data we have built a
translation model using Mo... | computer science |
15,040 | Termhood-based Comparability Metrics of Comparable Corpus in Special
Domain | cs.CL | Cross-Language Information Retrieval (CLIR) and machine translation (MT)
resources, such as dictionaries and parallel corpora, are scarce and hard to
come by for special domains. Besides, these resources are just limited to a few
languages, such as English, French, and Spanish and so on. So, obtaining
comparable corpor... | computer science |
15,041 | Bilingual Terminology Extraction Using Multi-level Termhood | cs.CL | Purpose: Terminology is the set of technical words or expressions used in
specific contexts, which denotes the core concept in a formal discipline and is
usually applied in the fields of machine translation, information retrieval,
information extraction and text categorization, etc. Bilingual terminology
extraction pla... | computer science |
15,042 | Towards a Semantic-based Approach for Modeling Regulatory Documents in
Building Industry | cs.CL | Regulations in the Building Industry are becoming increasingly complex and
involve more than one technical area. They cover products, components and
project implementation. They also play an important role to ensure the quality
of a building, and to minimize its environmental impact. In this paper, we are
particularly ... | computer science |
15,043 | Probabilistic Frame Induction | cs.CL | In natural-language discourse, related events tend to appear near each other
to describe a larger scenario. Such structures can be formalized by the notion
of a frame (a.k.a. template), which comprises a set of related events and
prototypical participants and event transitions. Identifying frames is a
prerequisite for ... | computer science |
15,044 | NLP and CALL: integration is working | cs.CL | In the first part of this article, we explore the background of
computer-assisted learning from its beginnings in the early XIXth century and
the first teaching machines, founded on theories of learning, at the start of
the XXth century. With the arrival of the computer, it became possible to offer
language learners di... | computer science |
15,045 | Role of temporal inference in the recognition of textual inference | cs.CL | This project is a part of nature language processing and its aims to develop
a system of recognition inference text-appointed TIMINF. This type of system
can detect, given two portions of text, if a text is semantically deducted from
the other. We focused on making the inference time in this type of system. For
that we... | computer science |
15,046 | Ending-based Strategies for Part-of-speech Tagging | cs.CL | Probabilistic approaches to part-of-speech tagging rely primarily on
whole-word statistics about word/tag combinations as well as contextual
information. But experience shows about 4 per cent of tokens encountered in
test sets are unknown even when the training set is as large as a million
words. Unseen words are tagge... | computer science |
15,047 | New Alignment Methods for Discriminative Book Summarization | cs.CL | We consider the unsupervised alignment of the full text of a book with a
human-written summary. This presents challenges not seen in other text
alignment problems, including a disparity in length and, consequent to this, a
violation of the expectation that individual words and phrases should align,
since large passages... | computer science |
15,048 | Rule-Based Semantic Tagging. An Application Undergoing Dictionary
Glosses | cs.CL | The project presented in this article aims to formalize criteria and
procedures in order to extract semantic information from parsed dictionary
glosses. The actual purpose of the project is the generation of a semantic
network (nearly an ontology) issued from a monolingual Italian dictionary,
through unsupervised proce... | computer science |
15,049 | Binary Tree based Chinese Word Segmentation | cs.CL | Chinese word segmentation is a fundamental task for Chinese language
processing. The granularity mismatch problem is the main cause of the errors.
This paper showed that the binary tree representation can store outputs with
different granularity. A binary tree based framework is also designed to
overcome the granularit... | computer science |
15,050 | A probabilistic framework for analysing the compositionality of
conceptual combinations | cs.CL | Conceptual combination performs a fundamental role in creating the broad
range of compound phrases utilized in everyday language. This article provides
a novel probabilistic framework for assessing whether the semantics of
conceptual combinations are compositional, and so can be considered as a
function of the semantic... | computer science |
15,051 | An Inventory of Preposition Relations | cs.CL | We describe an inventory of semantic relations that are expressed by
prepositions. We define these relations by building on the word sense
disambiguation task for prepositions and propose a mapping from preposition
senses to the relation labels by collapsing semantically related senses across
prepositions. | computer science |
15,052 | Reduce Meaningless Words for Joint Chinese Word Segmentation and
Part-of-speech Tagging | cs.CL | Conventional statistics-based methods for joint Chinese word segmentation and
part-of-speech tagging (S&T) have generalization ability to recognize new words
that do not appear in the training data. An undesirable side effect is that a
number of meaningless words will be incorrectly created. We propose an
effective and... | computer science |
15,053 | Development of a Hindi Lemmatizer | cs.CL | We live in a translingual society, in order to communicate with people from
different parts of the world we need to have an expertise in their respective
languages. Learning all these languages is not at all possible; therefore we
need a mechanism which can do this task for us. Machine translators have
emerged as a too... | computer science |
15,054 | Natural Language Processing in Biomedicine: A Unified System
Architecture Overview | cs.CL | In modern electronic medical records (EMR) much of the clinically important
data - signs and symptoms, symptom severity, disease status, etc. - are not
provided in structured data fields, but rather are encoded in clinician
generated narrative text. Natural language processing (NLP) provides a means of
"unlocking" this... | computer science |
15,055 | Multi-Topic Multi-Document Summarizer | cs.CL | Current multi-document summarization systems can successfully extract summary
sentences, however with many limitations including: low coverage, inaccurate
extraction to important sentences, redundancy and poor coherence among the
selected sentences. The present study introduces a new concept of centroid
approach and re... | computer science |
15,056 | Plurals: individuals and sets in a richly typed semantics | cs.CL | We developed a type-theoretical framework for natural lan- guage semantics
that, in addition to the usual Montagovian treatment of compositional
semantics, includes a treatment of some phenomena of lex- ical semantic:
coercions, meaning, transfers, (in)felicitous co-predication. In this setting
we see how the various r... | computer science |
15,057 | Effective Slot Filling Based on Shallow Distant Supervision Methods | cs.CL | Spoken Language Systems at Saarland University (LSV) participated this year
with 5 runs at the TAC KBP English slot filling track. Effective algorithms for
all parts of the pipeline, from document retrieval to relation prediction and
response post-processing, are bundled in a modular end-to-end relation
extraction syst... | computer science |
15,058 | The semantic similarity ensemble | cs.CL | Computational measures of semantic similarity between geographic terms
provide valuable support across geographic information retrieval, data mining,
and information integration. To date, a wide variety of approaches to
geo-semantic similarity have been devised. A judgment of similarity is not
intrinsically right or wr... | computer science |
15,059 | Towards a Generic Framework for the Development of Unicode Based Digital
Sindhi Dictionaries | cs.CL | Dictionaries are essence of any language providing vital linguistic recourse
for the language learners, researchers and scholars. This paper focuses on the
methodology and techniques used in developing software architecture for a
UBSESD (Unicode Based Sindhi to English and English to Sindhi Dictionary). The
proposed sy... | computer science |
15,060 | Dictionary-Based Concept Mining: An Application for Turkish | cs.CL | In this study, a dictionary-based method is used to extract expressive
concepts from documents. So far, there have been many studies concerning
concept mining in English, but this area of study for Turkish, an agglutinative
language, is still immature. We used dictionary instead of WordNet, a lexical
database grouping ... | computer science |
15,061 | A survey of methods to ease the development of highly multilingual text
mining applications | cs.CL | Multilingual text processing is useful because the information content found
in different languages is complementary, both regarding facts and opinions.
While Information Extraction and other text mining software can, in principle,
be developed for many languages, most text analysis tools have only been
applied to smal... | computer science |
15,062 | ONTS: "Optima" News Translation System | cs.CL | We propose a real-time machine translation system that allows users to select
a news category and to translate the related live news articles from Arabic,
Czech, Danish, Farsi, French, German, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Spanish and
Turkish into English. The Moses-based system was optimised for the news domain
and dif... | computer science |
15,063 | Hrebs and Cohesion Chains as similar tools for semantic text properties
research | cs.CL | In this study it is proven that the Hrebs used in Denotation analysis of
texts and Cohesion Chains (defined as a fusion between Lexical Chains and
Coreference Chains) represent similar linguistic tools. This result gives us
the possibility to extend to Cohesion Chains (CCs) some important indicators
as, for example the... | computer science |
15,064 | Generalized Biwords for Bitext Compression and Translation Spotting | cs.CL | Large bilingual parallel texts (also known as bitexts) are usually stored in
a compressed form, and previous work has shown that they can be more
efficiently compressed if the fact that the two texts are mutual translations
is exploited. For example, a bitext can be seen as a sequence of biwords
---pairs of parallel wo... | computer science |
15,065 | Sentence Compression as Tree Transduction | cs.CL | This paper presents a tree-to-tree transduction method for sentence
compression. Our model is based on synchronous tree substitution grammar, a
formalism that allows local distortion of the tree topology and can thus
naturally capture structural mismatches. We describe an algorithm for decoding
in this framework and sh... | computer science |
15,066 | Cross-lingual Annotation Projection for Semantic Roles | cs.CL | This article considers the task of automatically inducing role-semantic
annotations in the FrameNet paradigm for new languages. We propose a general
framework that is based on annotation projection, phrased as a graph
optimization problem. It is relatively inexpensive and has the potential to
reduce the human effort in... | computer science |
15,067 | Multilingual Part-of-Speech Tagging: Two Unsupervised Approaches | cs.CL | We demonstrate the effectiveness of multilingual learning for unsupervised
part-of-speech tagging. The central assumption of our work is that by combining
cues from multiple languages, the structure of each becomes more apparent. We
consider two ways of applying this intuition to the problem of unsupervised
part-of-spe... | computer science |
15,068 | Unsupervised Methods for Determining Object and Relation Synonyms on the
Web | cs.CL | The task of identifying synonymous relations and objects, or synonym
resolution, is critical for high-quality information extraction. This paper
investigates synonym resolution in the context of unsupervised information
extraction, where neither hand-tagged training examples nor domain knowledge is
available. The paper... | computer science |
15,069 | Wikipedia-based Semantic Interpretation for Natural Language Processing | cs.CL | Adequate representation of natural language semantics requires access to vast
amounts of common sense and domain-specific world knowledge. Prior work in the
field was based on purely statistical techniques that did not make use of
background knowledge, on limited lexicographic knowledge bases such as WordNet,
or on hug... | computer science |
15,070 | Identification of Pleonastic It Using the Web | cs.CL | In a significant minority of cases, certain pronouns, especially the pronoun
it, can be used without referring to any specific entity. This phenomenon of
pleonastic pronoun usage poses serious problems for systems aiming at even a
shallow understanding of natural language texts. In this paper, a novel
approach is propo... | computer science |
15,071 | Text Relatedness Based on a Word Thesaurus | cs.CL | The computation of relatedness between two fragments of text in an automated
manner requires taking into account a wide range of factors pertaining to the
meaning the two fragments convey, and the pairwise relations between their
words. Without doubt, a measure of relatedness between text segments must take
into accoun... | computer science |
15,072 | Inferring Shallow-Transfer Machine Translation Rules from Small Parallel
Corpora | cs.CL | This paper describes a method for the automatic inference of structural
transfer rules to be used in a shallow-transfer machine translation (MT) system
from small parallel corpora. The structural transfer rules are based on
alignment templates, like those used in statistical MT. Alignment templates are
extracted from s... | computer science |
15,073 | Integrative Semantic Dependency Parsing via Efficient Large-scale
Feature Selection | cs.CL | Semantic parsing, i.e., the automatic derivation of meaning representation
such as an instantiated predicate-argument structure for a sentence, plays a
critical role in deep processing of natural language. Unlike all other top
systems of semantic dependency parsing that have to rely on a pipeline
framework to chain up ... | computer science |
15,074 | Identifying Bengali Multiword Expressions using Semantic Clustering | cs.CL | One of the key issues in both natural language understanding and generation
is the appropriate processing of Multiword Expressions (MWEs). MWEs pose a huge
problem to the precise language processing due to their idiosyncratic nature
and diversity in lexical, syntactical and semantic properties. The semantics of
a MWE c... | computer science |
15,075 | A Statistical Parsing Framework for Sentiment Classification | cs.CL | We present a statistical parsing framework for sentence-level sentiment
classification in this article. Unlike previous works that employ syntactic
parsing results for sentiment analysis, we develop a statistical parser to
directly analyze the sentiment structure of a sentence. We show that
complicated phenomena in sen... | computer science |
15,076 | Automatic Aggregation by Joint Modeling of Aspects and Values | cs.CL | We present a model for aggregation of product review snippets by joint aspect
identification and sentiment analysis. Our model simultaneously identifies an
underlying set of ratable aspects presented in the reviews of a product (e.g.,
sushi and miso for a Japanese restaurant) and determines the corresponding
sentiment ... | computer science |
15,077 | Context-based Word Acquisition for Situated Dialogue in a Virtual World | cs.CL | To tackle the vocabulary problem in conversational systems, previous work has
applied unsupervised learning approaches on co-occurring speech and eye gaze
during interaction to automatically acquire new words. Although these
approaches have shown promise, several issues related to human language
behavior and human-mach... | computer science |
15,078 | Improving Statistical Machine Translation for a Resource-Poor Language
Using Related Resource-Rich Languages | cs.CL | We propose a novel language-independent approach for improving machine
translation for resource-poor languages by exploiting their similarity to
resource-rich ones. More precisely, we improve the translation from a
resource-poor source language X_1 into a resource-rich language Y given a
bi-text containing a limited nu... | computer science |
15,079 | Quantifying literature quality using complexity criteria | cs.CL | We measured entropy and symbolic diversity for English and Spanish texts
including literature Nobel laureates and other famous authors. Entropy, symbol
diversity and symbol frequency profiles were compared for these four groups. We
also built a scale sensitive to the quality of writing and evaluated its
relationship wi... | computer science |
15,080 | Evaluating Indirect Strategies for Chinese-Spanish Statistical Machine
Translation | cs.CL | Although, Chinese and Spanish are two of the most spoken languages in the
world, not much research has been done in machine translation for this language
pair. This paper focuses on investigating the state-of-the-art of
Chinese-to-Spanish statistical machine translation (SMT), which nowadays is one
of the most popular ... | computer science |
15,081 | Natural Language Inference for Arabic Using Extended Tree Edit Distance
with Subtrees | cs.CL | Many natural language processing (NLP) applications require the computation
of similarities between pairs of syntactic or semantic trees. Many researchers
have used tree edit distance for this task, but this technique suffers from the
drawback that it deals with single node operations only. We have extended the
standar... | computer science |
15,082 | Topic Segmentation and Labeling in Asynchronous Conversations | cs.CL | Topic segmentation and labeling is often considered a prerequisite for
higher-level conversation analysis and has been shown to be useful in many
Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications. We present two new corpora of
email and blog conversations annotated with topics, and evaluate annotator
reliability for the s... | computer science |
15,083 | The CQC Algorithm: Cycling in Graphs to Semantically Enrich and Enhance
a Bilingual Dictionary | cs.CL | Bilingual machine-readable dictionaries are knowledge resources useful in
many automatic tasks. However, compared to monolingual computational lexicons
like WordNet, bilingual dictionaries typically provide a lower amount of
structured information, such as lexical and semantic relations, and often do
not cover the enti... | computer science |
15,084 | PR2: A Language Independent Unsupervised Tool for Personality
Recognition from Text | cs.CL | We present PR2, a personality recognition system available online, that
performs instance-based classification of Big5 personality types from
unstructured text, using language-independent features. It has been tested on
English and Italian, achieving performances up to f=.68. | computer science |
15,085 | Event Structure of Transitive Verb: A MARVS perspective | cs.CL | Module-Attribute Representation of Verbal Semantics (MARVS) is a theory of
the representation of verbal semantics that is based on Mandarin Chinese data
(Huang et al. 2000). In the MARVS theory, there are two different types of
modules: Event Structure Modules and Role Modules. There are also two sets of
attributes: Ev... | computer science |
15,086 | An evaluative baseline for geo-semantic relatedness and similarity | cs.CL | In geographic information science and semantics, the computation of semantic
similarity is widely recognised as key to supporting a vast number of tasks in
information integration and retrieval. By contrast, the role of geo-semantic
relatedness has been largely ignored. In natural language processing, semantic
relatedn... | computer science |
15,087 | Machine Learning of Phonologically Conditioned Noun Declensions For
Tamil Morphological Generators | cs.CL | This paper presents machine learning solutions to a practical problem of
Natural Language Generation (NLG), particularly the word formation in
agglutinative languages like Tamil, in a supervised manner. The morphological
generator is an important component of Natural Language Processing in
Artificial Intelligence. It g... | computer science |
15,088 | A Comparative Study of Machine Learning Methods for Verbal Autopsy Text
Classification | cs.CL | A Verbal Autopsy is the record of an interview about the circumstances of an
uncertified death. In developing countries, if a death occurs away from health
facilities, a field-worker interviews a relative of the deceased about the
circumstances of the death; this Verbal Autopsy can be reviewed off-site. We
report on a ... | computer science |
15,089 | When Learners Surpass their Sources: Mathematical Modeling of Learning
from an Inconsistent Source | cs.CL | We present a new algorithm to model and investigate the learning process of a
learner mastering a set of grammatical rules from an inconsistent source. The
compelling interest of human language acquisition is that the learning succeeds
in virtually every case, despite the fact that the input data are formally
inadequat... | computer science |
15,090 | Modelling the Lexicon in Unsupervised Part of Speech Induction | cs.CL | Automatically inducing the syntactic part-of-speech categories for words in
text is a fundamental task in Computational Linguistics. While the performance
of unsupervised tagging models has been slowly improving, current
state-of-the-art systems make the obviously incorrect assumption that all
tokens of a given word ty... | computer science |
15,091 | It's distributions all the way down!: Second order changes in
statistical distributions also occur | cs.CL | The textual, big-data literature misses Bentley, OBrien, & Brocks (Bentley et
als) message on distributions; it largely examines the first-order effects of
how a single, signature distribution can predict population behaviour,
neglecting second-order effects involving distributional shifts, either between
signature dis... | computer science |
15,092 | Semantics, Modelling, and the Problem of Representation of Meaning -- a
Brief Survey of Recent Literature | cs.CL | Over the past 50 years many have debated what representation should be used
to capture the meaning of natural language utterances. Recently new needs of
such representations have been raised in research. Here I survey some of the
interesting representations suggested to answer for these new needs. | computer science |
15,093 | TBX goes TEI -- Implementing a TBX basic extension for the Text Encoding
Initiative guidelines | cs.CL | This paper presents an attempt to customise the TEI (Text Encoding
Initiative) guidelines in order to offer the possibility to incorporate TBX
(TermBase eXchange) based terminological entries within any kind of TEI
documents. After presenting the general historical, conceptual and technical
contexts, we describe the va... | computer science |
15,094 | We Tweet Like We Talk and Other Interesting Observations: An Analysis of
English Communication Modalities | cs.CL | Modalities of communication for human beings are gradually increasing in
number with the advent of new forms of technology. Many human beings can
readily transition between these different forms of communication with little
or no effort, which brings about the question: How similar are these different
communication mod... | computer science |
15,095 | Is getting the right answer just about choosing the right words? The
role of syntactically-informed features in short answer scoring | cs.CL | Developments in the educational landscape have spurred greater interest in
the problem of automatically scoring short answer questions. A recent shared
task on this topic revealed a fundamental divide in the modeling approaches
that have been applied to this problem, with the best-performing systems split
between those... | computer science |
15,096 | Natural Language Feature Selection via Cooccurrence | cs.CL | Specificity is important for extracting collocations, keyphrases, multi-word
and index terms [Newman et al. 2012]. It is also useful for tagging, ontology
construction [Ryu and Choi 2006], and automatic summarization of documents
[Louis and Nenkova 2011, Chali and Hassan 2012]. Term frequency and
inverse-document frequ... | computer science |
15,097 | Generating Music from Literature | cs.CL | We present a system, TransProse, that automatically generates musical pieces
from text. TransProse uses known relations between elements of music such as
tempo and scale, and the emotions they evoke. Further, it uses a novel
mechanism to determine sequences of notes that capture the emotional activity
in the text. The ... | computer science |
15,098 | HPS: a hierarchical Persian stemming method | cs.CL | In this paper, a novel hierarchical Persian stemming approach based on the
Part-Of-Speech of the word in a sentence is presented. The implemented stemmer
includes hash tables and several deterministic finite automata in its different
levels of hierarchy for removing the prefixes and suffixes of the words. We had
two in... | computer science |
15,099 | Semantic Unification A sheaf theoretic approach to natural language | cs.CL | Language is contextual and sheaf theory provides a high level mathematical
framework to model contextuality. We show how sheaf theory can model the
contextual nature of natural language and how gluing can be used to provide a
global semantics for a discourse by putting together the local logical
semantics of each sente... | computer science |
15,100 | Language Heedless of Logic - Philosophy Mindful of What? Failures of
Distributive and Absorption Laws | cs.CL | Much of philosophical logic and all of philosophy of language make empirical
claims about the vernacular natural language. They presume semantics under
which `and' and `or' are related by the dually paired distributive and
absorption laws. However, at least one of each pair of laws fails in the
vernacular. `Implicature... | computer science |
15,101 | Measuring Global Similarity between Texts | cs.CL | We propose a new similarity measure between texts which, contrary to the
current state-of-the-art approaches, takes a global view of the texts to be
compared. We have implemented a tool to compute our textual distance and
conducted experiments on several corpuses of texts. The experiments show that
our methods can reli... | computer science |
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