Unnamed: 0
int64
0
41k
title
stringlengths
4
274
category
stringlengths
5
18
summary
stringlengths
22
3.66k
theme
stringclasses
8 values
17,302
Enhanced Neural Machine Translation by Learning from Draft
cs.CL
Neural machine translation (NMT) has recently achieved impressive results. A potential problem of the existing NMT algorithm, however, is that the decoding is conducted from left to right, without considering the right context. This paper proposes an two-stage approach to solve the problem. In the first stage, a conven...
computer science
17,303
Counterfactual Language Model Adaptation for Suggesting Phrases
cs.CL
Mobile devices use language models to suggest words and phrases for use in text entry. Traditional language models are based on contextual word frequency in a static corpus of text. However, certain types of phrases, when offered to writers as suggestions, may be systematically chosen more often than their frequency wo...
computer science
17,304
Syntactic and Semantic Features For Code-Switching Factored Language Models
cs.CL
This paper presents our latest investigations on different features for factored language models for Code-Switching speech and their effect on automatic speech recognition (ASR) performance. We focus on syntactic and semantic features which can be extracted from Code-Switching text data and integrate them into factored...
computer science
17,305
Machine Learning Based Detection of Clickbait Posts in Social Media
cs.CL
Clickbait (headlines) make use of misleading titles that hide critical information from or exaggerate the content on the landing target pages to entice clicks. As clickbaits often use eye-catching wording to attract viewers, target contents are often of low quality. Clickbaits are especially widespread on social media ...
computer science
17,306
On the Effective Use of Pretraining for Natural Language Inference
cs.CL
Neural networks have excelled at many NLP tasks, but there remain open questions about the performance of pretrained distributed word representations and their interaction with weight initialization and other hyperparameters. We address these questions empirically using attention-based sequence-to-sequence models for n...
computer science
17,307
Indowordnets help in Indian Language Machine Translation
cs.CL
Being less resource languages, Indian-Indian and English-Indian language MT system developments faces the difficulty to translate various lexical phenomena. In this paper, we present our work on a comparative study of 440 phrase-based statistical trained models for 110 language pairs across 11 Indian languages. We have...
computer science
17,308
Morphology Generation for Statistical Machine Translation
cs.CL
When translating into morphologically rich languages, Statistical MT approaches face the problem of data sparsity. The severity of the sparseness problem will be high when the corpus size of morphologically richer language is less. Even though we can use factored models to correctly generate morphological forms of word...
computer science
17,309
Machine Translation Evaluation with Neural Networks
cs.CL
We present a framework for machine translation evaluation using neural networks in a pairwise setting, where the goal is to select the better translation from a pair of hypotheses, given the reference translation. In this framework, lexical, syntactic and semantic information from the reference and the two hypotheses i...
computer science
17,310
Phrase Pair Mappings for Hindi-English Statistical Machine Translation
cs.CL
In this paper, we present our work on the creation of lexical resources for the Machine Translation between English and Hindi. We describes the development of phrase pair mappings for our experiments and the comparative performance evaluation between different trained models on top of the baseline Statistical Machine T...
computer science
17,311
BPEmb: Tokenization-free Pre-trained Subword Embeddings in 275 Languages
cs.CL
We present BPEmb, a collection of pre-trained subword unit embeddings in 275 languages, based on Byte-Pair Encoding (BPE). In an evaluation using fine-grained entity typing as testbed, BPEmb performs competitively, and for some languages bet- ter than alternative subword approaches, while requiring vastly fewer resourc...
computer science
17,312
A Semantic Relevance Based Neural Network for Text Summarization and Text Simplification
cs.CL
Text summarization and text simplification are two major ways to simplify the text for poor readers, including children, non-native speakers, and the functionally illiterate. Text summarization is to produce a brief summary of the main ideas of the text, while text simplification aims to reduce the linguistic complexit...
computer science
17,313
Czech Text Document Corpus v 2.0
cs.CL
This paper introduces "Czech Text Document Corpus v 2.0", a collection of text documents for automatic document classification in Czech language. It is composed of the text documents provided by the Czech News Agency and is freely available for research purposes at http://ctdc.kiv.zcu.cz/. This corpus was created in or...
computer science
17,314
Bilingual Words and Phrase Mappings for Marathi and Hindi SMT
cs.CL
Lack of proper linguistic resources is the major challenges faced by the Machine Translation system developments when dealing with the resource poor languages. In this paper, we describe effective ways to utilize the lexical resources to improve the quality of statistical machine translation. Our research on the usage ...
computer science
17,315
Learning Word Embeddings for Hyponymy with Entailment-Based Distributional Semantics
cs.CL
Lexical entailment, such as hyponymy, is a fundamental issue in the semantics of natural language. This paper proposes distributional semantic models which efficiently learn word embeddings for entailment, using a recently-proposed framework for modelling entailment in a vector-space. These models postulate a latent ve...
computer science
17,316
On the Challenges of Sentiment Analysis for Dynamic Events
cs.CL
With the proliferation of social media over the last decade, determining people's attitude with respect to a specific topic, document, interaction or events has fueled research interest in natural language processing and introduced a new channel called sentiment and emotion analysis. For instance, businesses routinely ...
computer science
17,317
Low-resource bilingual lexicon extraction using graph based word embeddings
cs.CL
In this work we focus on the task of automatically extracting bilingual lexicon for the language pair Spanish-Nahuatl. This is a low-resource setting where only a small amount of parallel corpus is available. Most of the downstream methods do not work well under low-resources conditions. This is specially true for the ...
computer science
17,318
Low-Rank RNN Adaptation for Context-Aware Language Modeling
cs.CL
A context-aware language model uses location, user and/or domain metadata (context) to adapt its predictions. In neural language models, context information is typically represented as an embedding and it is given to the RNN as an additional input, which has been shown to be useful in many applications. We introduce a ...
computer science
17,319
Group Sparse CNNs for Question Classification with Answer Sets
cs.CL
Question classification is an important task with wide applications. However, traditional techniques treat questions as general sentences, ignoring the corresponding answer data. In order to consider answer information into question modeling, we first introduce novel group sparse autoencoders which refine question repr...
computer science
17,320
OSU Multimodal Machine Translation System Report
cs.CL
This paper describes Oregon State University's submissions to the shared WMT'17 task "multimodal translation task I". In this task, all the sentence pairs are image captions in different languages. The key difference between this task and conventional machine translation is that we have corresponding images as addition...
computer science
17,321
Multi-Document Summarization using Distributed Bag-of-Words Model
cs.CL
As the number of documents on the web is growing exponentially, multi-document summarization is becoming more and more important since it can provide the main ideas in a document set in short time. In this paper, we present an unsupervised centroid-based document-level reconstruction framework using distributed bag of ...
computer science
17,322
The IIT Bombay English-Hindi Parallel Corpus
cs.CL
We present the IIT Bombay English-Hindi Parallel Corpus. The corpus is a compilation of parallel corpora previously available in the public domain as well as new parallel corpora we collected. The corpus contains 1.49 million parallel segments, of which 694k segments were not previously available in the public domain. ...
computer science
17,323
Natural Language Inference from Multiple Premises
cs.CL
We define a novel textual entailment task that requires inference over multiple premise sentences. We present a new dataset for this task that minimizes trivial lexical inferences, emphasizes knowledge of everyday events, and presents a more challenging setting for textual entailment. We evaluate several strong neural ...
computer science
17,324
Page Stream Segmentation with Convolutional Neural Nets Combining Textual and Visual Features
cs.CL
In recent years, (retro-)digitizing paper-based files became a major undertaking for private and public archives as well as an important task in electronic mailroom applications. As a first step, the workflow involves scanning and Optical Character Recognition (OCR) of documents. Preservation of document contexts of si...
computer science
17,325
Deep Learning Paradigm with Transformed Monolingual Word Embeddings for Multilingual Sentiment Analysis
cs.CL
The surge of social media use brings huge demand of multilingual sentiment analysis (MSA) for unveiling cultural difference. So far, traditional methods resorted to machine translation---translating texts in other languages to English, and then adopt the methods once worked in English. However, this paradigm is conditi...
computer science
17,326
What does Attention in Neural Machine Translation Pay Attention to?
cs.CL
Attention in neural machine translation provides the possibility to encode relevant parts of the source sentence at each translation step. As a result, attention is considered to be an alignment model as well. However, there is no work that specifically studies attention and provides analysis of what is being learned b...
computer science
17,327
MoNoise: Modeling Noise Using a Modular Normalization System
cs.CL
We propose MoNoise: a normalization model focused on generalizability and efficiency, it aims at being easily reusable and adaptable. Normalization is the task of translating texts from a non- canonical domain to a more canonical domain, in our case: from social media data to standard language. Our proposed model is ba...
computer science
17,328
A Very Low Resource Language Speech Corpus for Computational Language Documentation Experiments
cs.CL
Most speech and language technologies are trained with massive amounts of speech and text information. However, most of the world languages do not have such resources or stable orthography. Systems constructed under these almost zero resource conditions are not only promising for speech technology but also for computat...
computer science
17,329
Confidence through Attention
cs.CL
Attention distributions of the generated translations are a useful bi-product of attention-based recurrent neural network translation models and can be treated as soft alignments between the input and output tokens. In this work, we use attention distributions as a confidence metric for output translations. We present ...
computer science
17,330
The Galactic Dependencies Treebanks: Getting More Data by Synthesizing New Languages
cs.CL
We release Galactic Dependencies 1.0---a large set of synthetic languages not found on Earth, but annotated in Universal Dependencies format. This new resource aims to provide training and development data for NLP methods that aim to adapt to unfamiliar languages. Each synthetic treebank is produced from a real treeban...
computer science
17,331
Fine-Grained Prediction of Syntactic Typology: Discovering Latent Structure with Supervised Learning
cs.CL
We show how to predict the basic word-order facts of a novel language given only a corpus of part-of-speech (POS) sequences. We predict how often direct objects follow their verbs, how often adjectives follow their nouns, and in general the directionalities of all dependency relations. Such typological properties could...
computer science
17,332
Decision support from financial disclosures with deep neural networks and transfer learning
cs.CL
Company disclosures greatly aid in the process of financial decision-making; therefore, they are consulted by financial investors and automated traders before exercising ownership in stocks. While humans are usually able to correctly interpret the content, the same is rarely true of computerized decision support system...
computer science
17,333
DailyDialog: A Manually Labelled Multi-turn Dialogue Dataset
cs.CL
We develop a high-quality multi-turn dialog dataset, DailyDialog, which is intriguing in several aspects. The language is human-written and less noisy. The dialogues in the dataset reflect our daily communication way and cover various topics about our daily life. We also manually label the developed dataset with commun...
computer science
17,334
Word Translation Without Parallel Data
cs.CL
State-of-the-art methods for learning cross-lingual word embeddings have relied on bilingual dictionaries or parallel corpora. Recent studies showed that the need for parallel data supervision can be alleviated with character-level information. While these methods showed encouraging results, they are not on par with th...
computer science
17,335
Using Context Events in Neural Network Models for Event Temporal Status Identification
cs.CL
Focusing on the task of identifying event temporal status, we find that events directly or indirectly governing the target event in a dependency tree are most important contexts. Therefore, we extract dependency chains containing context events and use them as input in neural network models, which consistently outperfo...
computer science
17,336
Revisiting the Design Issues of Local Models for Japanese Predicate-Argument Structure Analysis
cs.CL
The research trend in Japanese predicate-argument structure (PAS) analysis is shifting from pointwise prediction models with local features to global models designed to search for globally optimal solutions. However, the existing global models tend to employ only relatively simple local features; therefore, the overall...
computer science
17,337
Convolutional Attention-based Seq2Seq Neural Network for End-to-End ASR
cs.CL
This thesis introduces the sequence to sequence model with Luong's attention mechanism for end-to-end ASR. It also describes various neural network algorithms including Batch normalization, Dropout and Residual network which constitute the convolutional attention-based seq2seq neural network. Finally the proposed model...
computer science
17,338
Auto Analysis of Customer Feedback using CNN and GRU Network
cs.CL
Analyzing customer feedback is the best way to channelize the data into new marketing strategies that benefit entrepreneurs as well as customers. Therefore an automated system which can analyze the customer behavior is in great demand. Users may write feedbacks in any language, and hence mining appropriate information ...
computer science
17,339
End-to-end Network for Twitter Geolocation Prediction and Hashing
cs.CL
We propose an end-to-end neural network to predict the geolocation of a tweet. The network takes as input a number of raw Twitter metadata such as the tweet message and associated user account information. Our model is language independent, and despite minimal feature engineering, it is interpretable and capable of lea...
computer science
17,340
Complex Word Identification: Challenges in Data Annotation and System Performance
cs.CL
This paper revisits the problem of complex word identification (CWI) following up the SemEval CWI shared task. We use ensemble classifiers to investigate how well computational methods can discriminate between complex and non-complex words. Furthermore, we analyze the classification performance to understand what makes...
computer science
17,341
Learning Phrase Embeddings from Paraphrases with GRUs
cs.CL
Learning phrase representations has been widely explored in many Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks (e.g., Sentiment Analysis, Machine Translation) and has shown promising improvements. Previous studies either learn non-compositional phrase representations with general word embedding learning techniques or learn c...
computer science
17,342
Clickbait Detection in Tweets Using Self-attentive Network
cs.CL
Clickbait detection in tweets remains an elusive challenge. In this paper, we describe the solution for the Zingel Clickbait Detector at the Clickbait Challenge 2017, which is capable of evaluating each tweet's level of click baiting. We first reformat the regression problem as a multi-classification problem, based on ...
computer science
17,343
NoReC: The Norwegian Review Corpus
cs.CL
This paper presents the Norwegian Review Corpus (NoReC), created for training and evaluating models for document-level sentiment analysis. The full-text reviews have been collected from major Norwegian news sources and cover a range of different domains, including literature, movies, video games, restaurants, music and...
computer science
17,344
Semi-Supervised Approach to Monitoring Clinical Depressive Symptoms in Social Media
cs.CL
With the rise of social media, millions of people are routinely expressing their moods, feelings, and daily struggles with mental health issues on social media platforms like Twitter. Unlike traditional observational cohort studies conducted through questionnaires and self-reported surveys, we explore the reliable dete...
computer science
17,345
BKTreebank: Building a Vietnamese Dependency Treebank
cs.CL
Dependency treebank is an important resource in any language. In this paper, we present our work on building BKTreebank, a dependency treebank for Vietnamese. Important points on designing POS tagset, dependency relations, and annotation guidelines are discussed. We describe experiments on POS tagging and dependency pa...
computer science
17,346
Aligning Script Events with Narrative Texts
cs.CL
Script knowledge plays a central role in text understanding and is relevant for a variety of downstream tasks. In this paper, we consider two recent datasets which provide a rich and general representation of script events in terms of paraphrase sets. We introduce the task of mapping event mentions in narrative texts t...
computer science
17,347
Convolutional Neural Networks for Sentiment Classification on Business Reviews
cs.CL
Recently Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) models have proven remarkable results for text classification and sentiment analysis. In this paper, we present our approach on the task of classifying business reviews using word embeddings on a large-scale dataset provided by Yelp: Yelp 2017 challenge dataset. We compare ...
computer science
17,348
CASICT Tibetan Word Segmentation System for MLWS2017
cs.CL
We participated in the MLWS 2017 on Tibetan word segmentation task, our system is trained in a unrestricted way, by introducing a baseline system and 76w tibetan segmented sentences of ours. In the system character sequence is processed by the baseline system into word sequence, then a subword unit (BPE algorithm) spli...
computer science
17,349
Paying Attention to Multi-Word Expressions in Neural Machine Translation
cs.CL
Processing of multi-word expressions (MWEs) is a known problem for any natural language processing task. Even neural machine translation (NMT) struggles to overcome it. This paper presents results of experiments on investigating NMT attention allocation to the MWEs and improving automated translation of sentences that ...
computer science
17,350
Specialising Word Vectors for Lexical Entailment
cs.CL
We present LEAR (Lexical Entailment Attract-Repel), a novel post-processing method that transforms any input word vector space to emphasise the asymmetric relation of lexical entailment (LE), also known as the is-a or hyponymy-hypernymy relation. By injecting external linguistic constraints (e.g., WordNet links) into t...
computer science
17,351
RETUYT in TASS 2017: Sentiment Analysis for Spanish Tweets using SVM and CNN
cs.CL
This article presents classifiers based on SVM and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) for the TASS 2017 challenge on tweets sentiment analysis. The classifier with the best performance in general uses a combination of SVM and CNN. The use of word embeddings was particularly useful for improving the classifiers perform...
computer science
17,352
Unsupervised Sentence Representations as Word Information Series: Revisiting TF--IDF
cs.CL
Sentence representation at the semantic level is a challenging task for Natural Language Processing and Artificial Intelligence. Despite the advances in word embeddings (i.e. word vector representations), capturing sentence meaning is an open question due to complexities of semantic interactions among words. In this pa...
computer science
17,353
Basic tasks of sentiment analysis
cs.CL
Subjectivity detection is the task of identifying objective and subjective sentences. Objective sentences are those which do not exhibit any sentiment. So, it is desired for a sentiment analysis engine to find and separate the objective sentences for further analysis, e.g., polarity detection. In subjective sentences, ...
computer science
17,354
Honk: A PyTorch Reimplementation of Convolutional Neural Networks for Keyword Spotting
cs.CL
We describe Honk, an open-source PyTorch reimplementation of convolutional neural networks for keyword spotting that are included as examples in TensorFlow. These models are useful for recognizing "command triggers" in speech-based interfaces (e.g., "Hey Siri"), which serve as explicit cues for audio recordings of utte...
computer science
17,355
Towards a Seamless Integration of Word Senses into Downstream NLP Applications
cs.CL
Lexical ambiguity can impede NLP systems from accurate understanding of semantics. Despite its potential benefits, the integration of sense-level information into NLP systems has remained understudied. By incorporating a novel disambiguation algorithm into a state-of-the-art classification model, we create a pipeline t...
computer science
17,356
Build Fast and Accurate Lemmatization for Arabic
cs.CL
In this paper we describe the complexity of building a lemmatizer for Arabic which has a rich and complex derivational morphology, and we discuss the need for a fast and accurate lammatization to enhance Arabic Information Retrieval (IR) results. We also introduce a new data set that can be used to test lemmatization a...
computer science
17,357
Annotating High-Level Structures of Short Stories and Personal Anecdotes
cs.CL
Stories are a vital form of communication in human culture; they are employed daily to persuade, to elicit sympathy, or to convey a message. Computational understanding of human narratives, especially high-level narrative structures, remain limited to date. Multiple literary theories for narrative structures exist, but...
computer science
17,358
OhioState at IJCNLP-2017 Task 4: Exploring Neural Architectures for Multilingual Customer Feedback Analysis
cs.CL
This paper describes our systems for IJCNLP 2017 Shared Task on Customer Feedback Analysis. We experimented with simple neural architectures that gave competitive performance on certain tasks. This includes shallow CNN and Bi-Directional LSTM architectures with Facebook's Fasttext as a baseline model. Our best performi...
computer science
17,359
Embedding-Based Speaker Adaptive Training of Deep Neural Networks
cs.CL
An embedding-based speaker adaptive training (SAT) approach is proposed and investigated in this paper for deep neural network acoustic modeling. In this approach, speaker embedding vectors, which are a constant given a particular speaker, are mapped through a control network to layer-dependent element-wise affine tran...
computer science
17,360
SLING: A framework for frame semantic parsing
cs.CL
We describe SLING, a framework for parsing natural language into semantic frames. SLING supports general transition-based, neural-network parsing with bidirectional LSTM input encoding and a Transition Based Recurrent Unit (TBRU) for output decoding. The parsing model is trained end-to-end using only the text tokens as...
computer science
17,361
Unsupervised Context-Sensitive Spelling Correction of English and Dutch Clinical Free-Text with Word and Character N-Gram Embeddings
cs.CL
We present an unsupervised context-sensitive spelling correction method for clinical free-text that uses word and character n-gram embeddings. Our method generates misspelling replacement candidates and ranks them according to their semantic fit, by calculating a weighted cosine similarity between the vectorized repres...
computer science
17,362
Multi-Task Label Embedding for Text Classification
cs.CL
Multi-task learning in text classification leverages implicit correlations among related tasks to extract common features and yield performance gains. However, most previous works treat labels of each task as independent and meaningless one-hot vectors, which cause a loss of potential information and makes it difficult...
computer science
17,363
Multi-Task Learning for Speaker-Role Adaptation in Neural Conversation Models
cs.CL
Building a persona-based conversation agent is challenging owing to the lack of large amounts of speaker-specific conversation data for model training. This paper addresses the problem by proposing a multi-task learning approach to training neural conversation models that leverages both conversation data across speaker...
computer science
17,364
Recognizing Explicit and Implicit Hate Speech Using a Weakly Supervised Two-path Bootstrapping Approach
cs.CL
In the wake of a polarizing election, social media is laden with hateful content. To address various limitations of supervised hate speech classification methods including corpus bias and huge cost of annotation, we propose a weakly supervised two-path bootstrapping approach for an online hate speech detection model le...
computer science
17,365
Detecting Online Hate Speech Using Context Aware Models
cs.CL
In the wake of a polarizing election, the cyber world is laden with hate speech. Context accompanying a hate speech text is useful for identifying hate speech, which however has been largely overlooked in existing datasets and hate speech detection models. In this paper, we provide an annotated corpus of hate speech wi...
computer science
17,366
A Semantically Motivated Approach to Compute ROUGE Scores
cs.CL
ROUGE is one of the first and most widely used evaluation metrics for text summarization. However, its assessment merely relies on surface similarities between peer and model summaries. Consequently, ROUGE is unable to fairly evaluate abstractive summaries including lexical variations and paraphrasing. Exploring the ef...
computer science
17,367
Local Word Vectors Guiding Keyphrase Extraction
cs.CL
Automated keyphrase extraction is a fundamental textual information processing task concerned with the selection of representative phrases from a document that summarize its content. This work presents a novel unsupervised method for keyphrase extraction, whose main innovation is the use of local word embeddings (in pa...
computer science
17,368
Verb Pattern: A Probabilistic Semantic Representation on Verbs
cs.CL
Verbs are important in semantic understanding of natural language. Traditional verb representations, such as FrameNet, PropBank, VerbNet, focus on verbs' roles. These roles are too coarse to represent verbs' semantics. In this paper, we introduce verb patterns to represent verbs' semantics, such that each pattern corre...
computer science
17,369
Text Coherence Analysis Based on Deep Neural Network
cs.CL
In this paper, we propose a novel deep coherence model (DCM) using a convolutional neural network architecture to capture the text coherence. The text coherence problem is investigated with a new perspective of learning sentence distributional representation and text coherence modeling simultaneously. In particular, th...
computer science
17,370
How big is big enough? Unsupervised word sense disambiguation using a very large corpus
cs.CL
In this paper, the problem of disambiguating a target word for Polish is approached by searching for related words with known meaning. These relatives are used to build a training corpus from unannotated text. This technique is improved by proposing new rich sources of replacements that substitute the traditional requi...
computer science
17,371
Bringing Semantic Structures to User Intent Detection in Online Medical Queries
cs.CL
The Internet has revolutionized healthcare by offering medical information ubiquitously to patients via web search. The healthcare status, complex medical information needs of patients are expressed diversely and implicitly in their medical text queries. Aiming to better capture a focused picture of user's medical-rela...
computer science
17,372
A First Step in Combining Cognitive Event Features and Natural Language Representations to Predict Emotions
cs.CL
We explore the representational space of emotions by combining methods from different academic fields. Cognitive science has proposed appraisal theory as a view on human emotion with previous research showing how human-rated abstract event features can predict fine-grained emotions and capture the similarity space of n...
computer science
17,373
Testing the limits of unsupervised learning for semantic similarity
cs.CL
Semantic Similarity between two sentences can be defined as a way to determine how related or unrelated two sentences are. The task of Semantic Similarity in terms of distributed representations can be thought to be generating sentence embeddings (dense vectors) which take both context and meaning of sentence in accoun...
computer science
17,374
Attending to All Mention Pairs for Full Abstract Biological Relation Extraction
cs.CL
Most work in relation extraction forms a prediction by looking at a short span of text within a single sentence containing a single entity pair mention. However, many relation types, particularly in biomedical text, are expressed across sentences or require a large context to disambiguate. We propose a model to conside...
computer science
17,375
Deep Health Care Text Classification
cs.CL
Health related social media mining is a valuable apparatus for the early recognition of the diverse antagonistic medicinal conditions. Mostly, the existing methods are based on machine learning with knowledge-based learning. This working note presents the Recurrent neural network (RNN) and Long short-term memory (LSTM)...
computer science
17,376
Combining Lexical Features and a Supervised Learning Approach for Arabic Sentiment Analysis
cs.CL
The importance of building sentiment analysis tools for Arabic social media has been recognized during the past couple of years, especially with the rapid increase in the number of Arabic social media users. One of the main difficulties in tackling this problem is that text within social media is mostly colloquial, wit...
computer science
17,377
NileTMRG at SemEval-2017 Task 4: Arabic Sentiment Analysis
cs.CL
This paper describes two systems that were used by the authors for addressing Arabic Sentiment Analysis as part of SemEval-2017, task 4. The authors participated in three Arabic related subtasks which are: Subtask A (Message Polarity Classification), Sub-task B (Topic-Based Message Polarity classification) and Subtask ...
computer science
17,378
Automatic Generation of Benchmarks for Entity Recognition and Linking
cs.CL
Benchmarks are central to the improvement of named entity recognition and entity linking solutions. However, recent works have shown that manually created benchmarks often contain mistakes. We hence investigate the automatic generation of benchmarks for named entity recognition and linking from Linked Data as a complem...
computer science
17,379
Clickbait Identification using Neural Networks
cs.CL
This paper presents the results of our participation in the Clickbait Detection Challenge 2017. The system relies on a fusion of neural networks, incorporating different types of available informations. It does not require any linguistic preprocessing, and hence generalizes more easily to new domains and languages. The...
computer science
17,380
Linking Tweets with Monolingual and Cross-Lingual News using Transformed Word Embeddings
cs.CL
Social media platforms have grown into an important medium to spread information about an event published by the traditional media, such as news articles. Grouping such diverse sources of information that discuss the same topic in varied perspectives provide new insights. But the gap in word usage between informal soci...
computer science
17,381
A Simple Text Analytics Model To Assist Literary Criticism: comparative approach and example on James Joyce against Shakespeare and the Bible
cs.CL
Literary analysis, criticism or studies is a largely valued field with dedicated journals and researchers which remains mostly within the humanities scope. Text analytics is the computer-aided process of deriving information from texts. In this article we describe a simple and generic model for performing literary anal...
computer science
17,382
Exploring the Use of Text Classification in the Legal Domain
cs.CL
In this paper, we investigate the application of text classification methods to support law professionals. We present several experiments applying machine learning techniques to predict with high accuracy the ruling of the French Supreme Court and the law area to which a case belongs to. We also investigate the influen...
computer science
17,383
Non-Projective Dependency Parsing with Non-Local Transitions
cs.CL
We present a novel transition system, based on the Covington non-projective parser, introducing non-local transitions that can directly create arcs involving nodes to the left of the current focus positions. This avoids the need for long sequences of No-Arc transitions to create long-distance arcs, thus alleviating err...
computer science
17,384
ALL-IN-1: Short Text Classification with One Model for All Languages
cs.CL
We present ALL-IN-1, a simple model for multilingual text classification that does not require any parallel data. It is based on a traditional Support Vector Machine classifier exploiting multilingual word embeddings and character n-grams. Our model is simple, easily extendable yet very effective, overall ranking 1st (...
computer science
17,385
Streaming Small-Footprint Keyword Spotting using Sequence-to-Sequence Models
cs.CL
We develop streaming keyword spotting systems using a recurrent neural network transducer (RNN-T) model: an all-neural, end-to-end trained, sequence-to-sequence model which jointly learns acoustic and language model components. Our models are trained to predict either phonemes or graphemes as subword units, thus allowi...
computer science
17,386
Impact of Coreference Resolution on Slot Filling
cs.CL
In this paper, we demonstrate the importance of coreference resolution for natural language processing on the example of the TAC Slot Filling shared task. We illustrate the strengths and weaknesses of automatic coreference resolution systems and provide experimental results to show that they improve performance in the ...
computer science
17,387
CANDiS: Coupled & Attention-Driven Neural Distant Supervision
cs.CL
Distant Supervision for Relation Extraction uses heuristically aligned text data with an existing knowledge base as training data. The unsupervised nature of this technique allows it to scale to web-scale relation extraction tasks, at the expense of noise in the training data. Previous work has explored relationships a...
computer science
17,388
Deep Residual Learning for Small-Footprint Keyword Spotting
cs.CL
We explore the application of deep residual learning and dilated convolutions to the keyword spotting task, using the recently-released Google Speech Commands Dataset as our benchmark. Our best residual network (ResNet) implementation significantly outperforms Google's previous convolutional neural networks in terms of...
computer science
17,389
A Study of All-Convolutional Encoders for Connectionist Temporal Classification
cs.CL
Connectionist temporal classification (CTC) is a popular sequence prediction approach for automatic speech recognition that is typically used with models based on recurrent neural networks (RNNs). We explore whether deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can be used effectively instead of RNNs as the "encoder" in CT...
computer science
17,390
Inducing Regular Grammars Using Recurrent Neural Networks
cs.CL
Grammar induction is the task of learning a grammar from a set of examples. Recently, neural networks have been shown to be powerful learning machines that can identify patterns in streams of data. In this work we investigate their effectiveness in inducing a regular grammar from data, without any assumptions about the...
computer science
17,391
Phase Conductor on Multi-layered Attentions for Machine Comprehension
cs.CL
Attention models have been intensively studied to improve NLP tasks such as machine comprehension via both question-aware passage attention model and self-matching attention model. Our research proposes phase conductor (PhaseCond) for attention models in two meaningful ways. First, PhaseCond, an architecture of multi-l...
computer science
17,392
A Dual Encoder Sequence to Sequence Model for Open-Domain Dialogue Modeling
cs.CL
Ever since the successful application of sequence to sequence learning for neural machine translation systems, interest has surged in its applicability towards language generation in other problem domains. Recent work has investigated the use of these neural architectures towards modeling open-domain conversational dia...
computer science
17,393
Personalized word representations Carrying Personalized Semantics Learned from Social Network Posts
cs.CL
Distributed word representations have been shown to be very useful in various natural language processing (NLP) application tasks. These word vectors learned from huge corpora very often carry both semantic and syntactic information of words. However, it is well known that each individual user has his own language patt...
computer science
17,394
Path-Based Attention Neural Model for Fine-Grained Entity Typing
cs.CL
Fine-grained entity typing aims to assign entity mentions in the free text with types arranged in a hierarchical structure. Traditional distant supervision based methods employ a structured data source as a weak supervision and do not need hand-labeled data, but they neglect the label noise in the automatically labeled...
computer science
17,395
Evaluation of Automatic Video Captioning Using Direct Assessment
cs.CL
We present Direct Assessment, a method for manually assessing the quality of automatically-generated captions for video. Evaluating the accuracy of video captions is particularly difficult because for any given video clip there is no definitive ground truth or correct answer against which to measure. Automatic metrics ...
computer science
17,396
Finding Dominant User Utterances And System Responses in Conversations
cs.CL
There are several dialog frameworks which allow manual specification of intents and rule based dialog flow. The rule based framework provides good control to dialog designers at the expense of being more time consuming and laborious. The job of a dialog designer can be reduced if we could identify pairs of user intents...
computer science
17,397
JESC: Japanese-English Subtitle Corpus
cs.CL
In this paper we describe the Japanese-English Subtitle Corpus (JESC). JESC is a large Japanese-English parallel corpus covering the underrepresented domain of conversational dialogue. It consists of more than 3.2 million examples, making it the largest freely available dataset of its kind. The corpus was assembled by ...
computer science
17,398
Simple and Effective Multi-Paragraph Reading Comprehension
cs.CL
We consider the problem of adapting neural paragraph-level question answering models to the case where entire documents are given as input. Our proposed solution trains models to produce well calibrated confidence scores for their results on individual paragraphs. We sample multiple paragraphs from the documents during...
computer science
17,399
Machine Translation of Low-Resource Spoken Dialects: Strategies for Normalizing Swiss German
cs.CL
The goal of this work is to design a machine translation (MT) system for a low-resource family of dialects, collectively known as Swiss German, which are widely spoken in Switzerland but seldom written. We collected a significant number of parallel written resources to start with, up to a total of about 60k words. More...
computer science
17,400
Creation of an Annotated Corpus of Spanish Radiology Reports
cs.CL
This paper presents a new annotated corpus of 513 anonymized radiology reports written in Spanish. Reports were manually annotated with entities, negation and uncertainty terms and relations. The corpus was conceived as an evaluation resource for named entity recognition and relation extraction algorithms, and as input...
computer science
17,401
Improving Social Media Text Summarization by Learning Sentence Weight Distribution
cs.CL
Recently, encoder-decoder models are widely used in social media text summarization. However, these models sometimes select noise words in irrelevant sentences as part of a summary by error, thus declining the performance. In order to inhibit irrelevant sentences and focus on key information, we propose an effective ap...
computer science