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34,604 | Generic Axiomatization of Families of Noncrossing Graphs in Dependency
Parsing | cs.CL | We present a simple encoding for unlabeled noncrossing graphs and show how
its latent counterpart helps us to represent several families of directed and
undirected graphs used in syntactic and semantic parsing of natural language as
context-free languages. The families are separated purely on the basis of
forbidden pat... | computer science |
34,605 | Scientific document summarization via citation contextualization and
scientific discourse | cs.CL | The rapid growth of scientific literature has made it difficult for the
researchers to quickly learn about the developments in their respective fields.
Scientific document summarization addresses this challenge by providing
summaries of the important contributions of scientific papers. We present a
framework for scient... | computer science |
34,606 | Identifying Condition-Action Statements in Medical Guidelines Using
Domain-Independent Features | cs.CL | This paper advances the state of the art in text understanding of medical
guidelines by releasing two new annotated clinical guidelines datasets, and
establishing baselines for using machine learning to extract condition-action
pairs. In contrast to prior work that relies on manually created rules, we
report experiment... | computer science |
34,607 | Towards a theory of word order. Comment on "Dependency distance: a new
perspective on syntactic patterns in natural language" by Haitao Liu et al | cs.CL | Comment on "Dependency distance: a new perspective on syntactic patterns in
natural language" by Haitao Liu et al | computer science |
34,608 | DSRIM: A Deep Neural Information Retrieval Model Enhanced by a Knowledge
Resource Driven Representation of Documents | cs.IR | The state-of-the-art solutions to the vocabulary mismatch in information
retrieval (IR) mainly aim at leveraging either the relational semantics
provided by external resources or the distributional semantics, recently
investigated by deep neural approaches. Guided by the intuition that the
relational semantics might im... | computer science |
34,609 | Number game | cs.CL | CLARIN (Common Language Resources and Technology Infrastructure) is regarded
as one of the most important European research infrastructures, offering and
promoting a wide array of useful services for (digital) research in linguistics
and humanities. However, the assessment of the users for its core technical
developmen... | computer science |
34,610 | Active learning in annotating micro-blogs dealing with e-reputation | cs.SI | Elections unleash strong political views on Twitter, but what do people
really think about politics? Opinion and trend mining on micro blogs dealing
with politics has recently attracted researchers in several fields including
Information Retrieval and Machine Learning (ML). Since the performance of ML
and Natural Langu... | computer science |
34,611 | A Large-Scale CNN Ensemble for Medication Safety Analysis | cs.IR | Revealing Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) is an essential part of post-marketing
drug surveillance, and data from health-related forums and medical communities
can be of a great significance for estimating such effects. In this paper, we
propose an end-to-end CNN-based method for predicting drug safety on user
comments fr... | computer science |
34,612 | Lexical representation explains cortical entrainment during speech
comprehension | cs.CL | Results from a recent neuroimaging study on spoken sentence comprehension
have been interpreted as evidence for cortical entrainment to hierarchical
syntactic structure. We present a simple computational model that predicts the
power spectra from this study, even though the model's linguistic knowledge is
restricted to... | computer science |
34,613 | Towards the Improvement of Automated Scientific Document Categorization
by Deep Learning | cs.IR | This master thesis describes an algorithm for automated categorization of
scientific documents using deep learning techniques and compares the results to
the results of existing classification algorithms. As an additional goal a
reusable API is to be developed allowing the automation of classification tasks
in existing... | computer science |
34,614 | End-to-End Neural Ad-hoc Ranking with Kernel Pooling | cs.IR | This paper proposes K-NRM, a kernel based neural model for document ranking.
Given a query and a set of documents, K-NRM uses a translation matrix that
models word-level similarities via word embeddings, a new kernel-pooling
technique that uses kernels to extract multi-level soft match features, and a
learning-to-rank ... | computer science |
34,615 | A Generative Model of Group Conversation | cs.CL | Conversations with non-player characters (NPCs) in games are typically
confined to dialogue between a human player and a virtual agent, where the
conversation is initiated and controlled by the player. To create richer, more
believable environments for players, we need conversational behavior to reflect
initiative on t... | computer science |
34,616 | Language That Matters: Statistical Inferences for Polarity
Identification in Natural Language | cs.CL | Information forms the basis for all human behavior, including the ubiquitous
decision-making that people constantly perform in their every day lives. It is
thus the mission of researchers to understand how humans process information to
reach decisions. In order to facilitate this task, this work proposes a novel
method... | computer science |
34,617 | Deep Speaker Verification: Do We Need End to End? | cs.SD | End-to-end learning treats the entire system as a whole adaptable black box,
which, if sufficient data are available, may learn a system that works very
well for the target task. This principle has recently been applied to several
prototype research on speaker verification (SV), where the feature learning and
classifie... | computer science |
34,618 | Speaker Recognition with Cough, Laugh and "Wei" | cs.SD | This paper proposes a speaker recognition (SRE) task with trivial speech
events, such as cough and laugh. These trivial events are ubiquitous in
conversations and less subjected to intentional change, therefore offering
valuable particularities to discover the genuine speaker from disguised speech.
However, trivial eve... | computer science |
34,619 | Cross-lingual Speaker Verification with Deep Feature Learning | cs.SD | Existing speaker verification (SV) systems often suffer from performance
degradation if there is any language mismatch between model training, speaker
enrollment, and test. A major cause of this degradation is that most existing
SV methods rely on a probabilistic model to infer the speaker factor, so any
significant ch... | computer science |
34,620 | Cluster Based Symbolic Representation for Skewed Text Categorization | cs.IR | In this work, a problem associated with imbalanced text corpora is addressed.
A method of converting an imbalanced text corpus into a balanced one is
presented. The presented method employs a clustering algorithm for conversion.
Initially to avoid curse of dimensionality, an effective representation scheme
based on ter... | computer science |
34,621 | The Minor Fall, the Major Lift: Inferring Emotional Valence of Musical
Chords through Lyrics | cs.CL | We investigate the association between musical chords and lyrics by analyzing
a large dataset of user-contributed guitar tablatures. Motivated by the idea
that the emotional content of chords is reflected in the words used in
corresponding lyrics, we analyze associations between lyrics and chord
categories. We also exa... | computer science |
34,622 | DE-PACRR: Exploring Layers Inside the PACRR Model | cs.IR | Recent neural IR models have demonstrated deep learning's utility in ad-hoc
information retrieval. However, deep models have a reputation for being black
boxes, and the roles of a neural IR model's components may not be obvious at
first glance. In this work, we attempt to shed light on the inner workings of a
recently ... | computer science |
34,623 | Acoustic Modeling Using a Shallow CNN-HTSVM Architecture | cs.SD | High-accuracy speech recognition is especially challenging when large
datasets are not available. It is possible to bridge this gap with careful and
knowledge-driven parsing combined with the biologically inspired CNN and the
learning guarantees of the Vapnik Chervonenkis (VC) theory. This work presents
a Shallow-CNN-H... | computer science |
34,624 | Co-PACRR: A Context-Aware Neural IR Model for Ad-hoc Retrieval | cs.IR | Neural IR models, such as DRMM and PACRR, have achieved strong results by
successfully capturing relevance matching signals. We argue that the context of
these matching signals is also important. Intuitively, when extracting,
modeling, and combining matching signals, one would like to consider the
surrounding text (loc... | computer science |
34,625 | Racial Disparity in Natural Language Processing: A Case Study of Social
Media African-American English | cs.CY | We highlight an important frontier in algorithmic fairness: disparity in the
quality of natural language processing algorithms when applied to language from
authors of different social groups. For example, current systems sometimes
analyze the language of females and minorities more poorly than they do of
whites and ma... | computer science |
34,626 | An Approach for Weakly-Supervised Deep Information Retrieval | cs.IR | Recent developments in neural information retrieval models have been
promising, but a problem remains: human relevance judgments are expensive to
produce, while neural models require a considerable amount of training data. In
an attempt to fill this gap, we present an approach that---given a weak
training set of pseudo... | computer science |
34,627 | Rank-1 Constrained Multichannel Wiener Filter for Speech Recognition in
Noisy Environments | cs.SD | Multichannel linear filters, such as the Multichannel Wiener Filter (MWF) and
the Generalized Eigenvalue (GEV) beamformer are popular signal processing
techniques which can improve speech recognition performance. In this paper, we
present an experimental study on these linear filters in a specific speech
recognition ta... | computer science |
34,628 | Hidden-Markov-Model Based Speech Enhancement | cs.SD | The goal of this contribution is to use a parametric speech synthesis system
for reducing background noise and other interferences from recorded speech
signals. In a first step, Hidden Markov Models of the synthesis system are
trained.
Two adequate training corpora consisting of text and corresponding speech
files ha... | computer science |
34,629 | Complexity Metric for Code-Mixed Social Media Text | cs.CL | An evaluation metric is an absolute necessity for measuring the performance
of any system and complexity of any data. In this paper, we have discussed how
to determine the level of complexity of code-mixed social media texts that are
growing rapidly due to multilingual interference. In general, texts written in
multipl... | computer science |
34,630 | On the Role of Text Preprocessing in Neural Network Architectures: An
Evaluation Study on Text Categorization and Sentiment Analysis | cs.CL | In this paper we investigate the impact of simple text preprocessing
decisions (particularly tokenizing, lemmatizing, lowercasing and multiword
grouping) on the performance of a state-of-the-art text classifier based on
convolutional neural networks. Despite potentially affecting the final
performance of any given mode... | computer science |
34,631 | Event Schema Induction using Tensor Factorization with Back-off | cs.CL | The goal of Event Schema Induction(ESI) is to identify schemas of events from
a corpus of documents. For example, given documents from the sports domain, we
would like to infer that win(WinningPlayer, Trophy, OpponentPlayer, Location)
is an important event schema for this domain. Automatic discovery of such event
schem... | computer science |
34,632 | Improving Multilingual Named Entity Recognition with Wikipedia Entity
Type Mapping | cs.CL | The state-of-the-art named entity recognition (NER) systems are statistical
machine learning models that have strong generalization capability (i.e., can
recognize unseen entities that do not appear in training data) based on lexical
and contextual information. However, such a model could still make mistakes if
its fea... | computer science |
34,633 | Weakly Supervised Cross-Lingual Named Entity Recognition via Effective
Annotation and Representation Projection | cs.CL | The state-of-the-art named entity recognition (NER) systems are supervised
machine learning models that require large amounts of manually annotated data
to achieve high accuracy. However, annotating NER data by human is expensive
and time-consuming, and can be quite difficult for a new language. In this
paper, we prese... | computer science |
34,634 | Predicting the Quality of Short Narratives from Social Media | cs.CL | An important and difficult challenge in building computational models for
narratives is the automatic evaluation of narrative quality. Quality evaluation
connects narrative understanding and generation as generation systems need to
evaluate their own products. To circumvent difficulties in acquiring
annotations, we emp... | computer science |
34,635 | Multiple Context-Free Tree Grammars: Lexicalization and Characterization | cs.FL | Multiple (simple) context-free tree grammars are investigated, where "simple"
means "linear and nondeleting". Every multiple context-free tree grammar that
is finitely ambiguous can be lexicalized; i.e., it can be transformed into an
equivalent one (generating the same tree language) in which each rule of the
grammar c... | computer science |
34,636 | A Web-Based Tool for Analysing Normative Documents in English | cs.CL | Our goal is to use formal methods to analyse normative documents written in
English, such as privacy policies and service-level agreements. This requires
the combination of a number of different elements, including information
extraction from natural language, formal languages for model representation,
and an interface... | computer science |
34,637 | Parsing with Traces: An $O(n^4)$ Algorithm and a Structural
Representation | cs.CL | General treebank analyses are graph structured, but parsers are typically
restricted to tree structures for efficiency and modeling reasons. We propose a
new representation and algorithm for a class of graph structures that is
flexible enough to cover almost all treebank structures, while still admitting
efficient lear... | computer science |
34,638 | Automatic Speech Recognition with Very Large Conversational Finnish and
Estonian Vocabularies | cs.CL | Today, the vocabulary size for language models in large vocabulary speech
recognition is typically several hundreds of thousands of words. While this is
already sufficient in some applications, the out-of-vocabulary words are still
limiting the usability in others. In agglutinative languages the vocabulary for
conversa... | computer science |
34,639 | Linguistic Markers of Influence in Informal Interactions | cs.CL | There has been a long standing interest in understanding `Social Influence'
both in Social Sciences and in Computational Linguistics. In this paper, we
present a novel approach to study and measure interpersonal influence in daily
interactions. Motivated by the basic principles of influence, we attempt to
identify indi... | computer science |
34,640 | DocTag2Vec: An Embedding Based Multi-label Learning Approach for
Document Tagging | cs.CL | Tagging news articles or blog posts with relevant tags from a collection of
predefined ones is coined as document tagging in this work. Accurate tagging of
articles can benefit several downstream applications such as recommendation and
search. In this work, we propose a novel yet simple approach called DocTag2Vec
to ac... | computer science |
34,641 | EmojiNet: An Open Service and API for Emoji Sense Discovery | cs.CL | This paper presents the release of EmojiNet, the largest machine-readable
emoji sense inventory that links Unicode emoji representations to their English
meanings extracted from the Web. EmojiNet is a dataset consisting of: (i)
12,904 sense labels over 2,389 emoji, which were extracted from the web and
linked to machin... | computer science |
34,642 | A Semantics-Based Measure of Emoji Similarity | cs.CL | Emoji have grown to become one of the most important forms of communication
on the web. With its widespread use, measuring the similarity of emoji has
become an important problem for contemporary text processing since it lies at
the heart of sentiment analysis, search, and interface design tasks. This paper
presents a ... | computer science |
34,643 | Iris: A Conversational Agent for Complex Tasks | cs.HC | Today's conversational agents are restricted to simple standalone commands.
In this paper, we present Iris, an agent that draws on human conversational
strategies to combine commands, allowing it to perform more complex tasks that
it has not been explicitly designed to support: for example, composing one
command to "pl... | computer science |
34,644 | Explainable Entity-based Recommendations with Knowledge Graphs | cs.IR | Explainable recommendation is an important task. Many methods have been
proposed which generate explanations from the content and reviews written for
items. When review text is unavailable, generating explanations is still a hard
problem. In this paper, we illustrate how explanations can be generated in such
a scenario... | computer science |
34,645 | From Task Classification Towards Similarity Measures for Recommendation
in Crowdsourcing Systems | cs.IR | Task selection in micro-task markets can be supported by recommender systems
to help individuals to find appropriate tasks. Previous work showed that for
the selection process of a micro-task the semantic aspects, such as the
required action and the comprehensibility, are rated more important than
factual aspects, such... | computer science |
34,646 | Toward Incorporation of Relevant Documents in word2vec | cs.IR | Recent advances in neural word embedding provide significant benefit to
various information retrieval tasks. However as shown by recent studies,
adapting the embedding models for the needs of IR tasks can bring considerable
further improvements. The embedding models in general define the term
relatedness by exploiting ... | computer science |
34,647 | Attention-Based End-to-End Speech Recognition on Voice Search | cs.CL | Recently, there has been a growing interest in end-to-end speech recognition
that directly transcribes speech to text without any predefined alignments. In
this paper, we explore the use of attention-based encoder-decoder model for
Mandarin speech recognition on a voice search task. Previous attempts have
shown that ap... | computer science |
34,648 | MoodSwipe: A Soft Keyboard that Suggests Messages Based on
User-Specified Emotions | cs.CL | We present MoodSwipe, a soft keyboard that suggests text messages given the
user-specified emotions utilizing the real dialog data. The aim of MoodSwipe is
to create a convenient user interface to enjoy the technology of emotion
classification and text suggestion, and at the same time to collect labeled
data automatica... | computer science |
34,649 | MatchZoo: A Toolkit for Deep Text Matching | cs.IR | In recent years, deep neural models have been widely adopted for text
matching tasks, such as question answering and information retrieval, showing
improved performance as compared with previous methods. In this paper, we
introduce the MatchZoo toolkit that aims to facilitate the designing, comparing
and sharing of dee... | computer science |
34,650 | Thread Reconstruction in Conversational Data using Neural Coherence
Models | cs.IR | Discussion forums are an important source of information. They are often used
to answer specific questions a user might have and to discover more about a
topic of interest. Discussions in these forums may evolve in intricate ways,
making it difficult for users to follow the flow of ideas. We propose a novel
approach fo... | computer science |
34,651 | Integrating Lexical and Temporal Signals in Neural Ranking Models for
Searching Social Media Streams | cs.IR | Time is an important relevance signal when searching streams of social media
posts. The distribution of document timestamps from the results of an initial
query can be leveraged to infer the distribution of relevant documents, which
can then be used to rerank the initial results. Previous experiments have shown
that ke... | computer science |
34,652 | Exploring the Effectiveness of Convolutional Neural Networks for Answer
Selection in End-to-End Question Answering | cs.IR | Most work on natural language question answering today focuses on answer
selection: given a candidate list of sentences, determine which contains the
answer. Although important, answer selection is only one stage in a standard
end-to-end question answering pipeline. This paper explores the effectiveness
of convolutiona... | computer science |
34,653 | Towards Semantic Query Segmentation | cs.IR | Query Segmentation is one of the critical components for understanding users'
search intent in Information Retrieval tasks. It involves grouping tokens in
the search query into meaningful phrases which help downstream tasks like
search relevance and query understanding. In this paper, we propose a novel
approach to seg... | computer science |
34,654 | Hyperbolic Representation Learning for Fast and Efficient Neural
Question Answering | cs.IR | The dominant neural architectures in question answer retrieval are based on
recurrent or convolutional encoders configured with complex word matching
layers. Given that recent architectural innovations are mostly new word
interaction layers or attention-based matching mechanisms, it seems to be a
well-established fact ... | computer science |
34,655 | Benchmarking Multimodal Sentiment Analysis | cs.MM | We propose a framework for multimodal sentiment analysis and emotion
recognition using convolutional neural network-based feature extraction from
text and visual modalities. We obtain a performance improvement of 10% over the
state of the art by combining visual, text and audio features. We also discuss
some major issu... | computer science |
34,656 | Familia: An Open-Source Toolkit for Industrial Topic Modeling | cs.IR | Familia is an open-source toolkit for pragmatic topic modeling in industry.
Familia abstracts the utilities of topic modeling in industry as two paradigms:
semantic representation and semantic matching. Efficient implementations of the
two paradigms are made publicly available for the first time. Furthermore, we
provid... | computer science |
34,657 | A Lightweight Front-end Tool for Interactive Entity Population | cs.CL | Entity population, a task of collecting entities that belong to a particular
category, has attracted attention from vertical domains. There is still a high
demand for creating entity dictionaries in vertical domains, which are not
covered by existing knowledge bases. We develop a lightweight front-end tool
for facilita... | computer science |
34,658 | Hashtag Healthcare: From Tweets to Mental Health Journals Using Deep
Transfer Learning | cs.CL | As the popularity of social media platforms continues to rise, an
ever-increasing amount of human communication and self- expression takes place
online. Most recent research has focused on mining social media for public user
opinion about external entities such as product reviews or sentiment towards
political news. Ho... | computer science |
34,659 | Rookie: A unique approach for exploring news archives | cs.HC | News archives are an invaluable primary source for placing current events in
historical context. But current search engine tools do a poor job at uncovering
broad themes and narratives across documents. We present Rookie: a practical
software system which uses natural language processing (NLP) to help readers,
reporter... | computer science |
34,660 | Video Highlights Detection and Summarization with Lag-Calibration based
on Concept-Emotion Mapping of Crowd-sourced Time-Sync Comments | cs.CL | With the prevalence of video sharing, there are increasing demands for
automatic video digestion such as highlight detection. Recently, platforms with
crowdsourced time-sync video comments have emerged worldwide, providing a good
opportunity for highlight detection. However, this task is non-trivial: (1)
time-sync comm... | computer science |
34,661 | Neural Vector Spaces for Unsupervised Information Retrieval | cs.IR | We propose the Neural Vector Space Model (NVSM), a method that learns
representations of documents in an unsupervised manner for news article
retrieval. In the NVSM paradigm, we learn low-dimensional representations of
words and documents from scratch using gradient descent and rank documents
according to their similar... | computer science |
34,662 | KeyXtract Twitter Model - An Essential Keywords Extraction Model for
Twitter Designed using NLP Tools | cs.CL | Since a tweet is limited to 140 characters, it is ambiguous and difficult for
traditional Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools to analyse. This research
presents KeyXtract which enhances the machine learning based Stanford CoreNLP
Part-of-Speech (POS) tagger with the Twitter model to extract essential
keywords from ... | computer science |
34,663 | Semantic Word Clouds with Background Corpus Normalization and
t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding | cs.IR | Many word clouds provide no semantics to the word placement, but use a random
layout optimized solely for aesthetic purposes. We propose a novel approach to
model word significance and word affinity within a document, and in comparison
to a large background corpus. We demonstrate its usefulness for generating more
mean... | computer science |
34,664 | EmoTxt: A Toolkit for Emotion Recognition from Text | cs.HC | We present EmoTxt, a toolkit for emotion recognition from text, trained and
tested on a gold standard of about 9K question, answers, and comments from
online interactions. We provide empirical evidence of the performance of
EmoTxt. To the best of our knowledge, EmoTxt is the first open-source toolkit
supporting both em... | computer science |
34,665 | Data Sets: Word Embeddings Learned from Tweets and General Data | cs.CL | A word embedding is a low-dimensional, dense and real- valued vector
representation of a word. Word embeddings have been used in many NLP tasks.
They are usually gener- ated from a large text corpus. The embedding of a word
cap- tures both its syntactic and semantic aspects. Tweets are short, noisy and
have unique lexi... | computer science |
34,666 | Putting Self-Supervised Token Embedding on the Tables | cs.IR | Information distribution by electronic messages is a privileged means of
transmission for many businesses and individuals, often under the form of
plain-text tables. As their number grows, it becomes necessary to use an
algorithm to extract text and numbers instead of a human. Usual methods are
focused on regular expre... | computer science |
34,667 | Identifying Harm Events in Clinical Care through Medical Narratives | cs.CL | Preventable medical errors are estimated to be among the leading causes of
injury and death in the United States. To prevent such errors, healthcare
systems have implemented patient safety and incident reporting systems. These
systems enable clinicians to report unsafe conditions and cases where patients
have been harm... | computer science |
34,668 | What Drives the International Development Agenda? An NLP Analysis of the
United Nations General Debate 1970-2016 | cs.CL | There is surprisingly little known about agenda setting for international
development in the United Nations (UN) despite it having a significant
influence on the process and outcomes of development efforts. This paper
addresses this shortcoming using a novel approach that applies natural language
processing techniques ... | computer science |
34,669 | Golden Years, Golden Shores: A Study of Elders in Online Travel
Communities | cs.CL | In this paper we present our exploratory findings related to extracting
knowledge and experiences from a community of senior tourists. By using tools
of qualitative analysis as well as review of literature, we managed to verify a
set of hypotheses related to the content created by senior tourists when
participating in ... | computer science |
34,670 | SPARQL as a Foreign Language | cs.CL | In the last years, the Linked Data Cloud has achieved a size of more than 100
billion facts pertaining to a multitude of domains. However, accessing this
information has been significantly challenging for lay users. Approaches to
problems such as Question Answering on Linked Data and Link Discovery have
notably played ... | computer science |
34,671 | Nationality Classification Using Name Embeddings | cs.SI | Nationality identification unlocks important demographic information, with
many applications in biomedical and sociological research. Existing name-based
nationality classifiers use name substrings as features and are trained on
small, unrepresentative sets of labeled names, typically extracted from
Wikipedia. As a res... | computer science |
34,672 | Impact of Feature Selection on Micro-Text Classification | cs.IR | Social media datasets, especially Twitter tweets, are popular in the field of
text classification. Tweets are a valuable source of micro-text (sometimes
referred to as "micro-blogs"), and have been studied in domains such as
sentiment analysis, recommendation systems, spam detection, clustering, among
others. Tweets of... | computer science |
34,673 | Automatically Generating Commit Messages from Diffs using Neural Machine
Translation | cs.SE | Commit messages are a valuable resource in comprehension of software
evolution, since they provide a record of changes such as feature additions and
bug repairs. Unfortunately, programmers often neglect to write good commit
messages. Different techniques have been proposed to help programmers by
automatically writing t... | computer science |
34,674 | Weather impacts expressed sentiment | stat.AP | We conduct the largest ever investigation into the relationship between
meteorological conditions and the sentiment of human expressions. To do this,
we employ over three and a half billion social media posts from tens of
millions of individuals from both Facebook and Twitter between 2009 and 2016.
We find that cold te... | computer science |
34,675 | Query-by-example Spoken Term Detection using Attention-based Multi-hop
Networks | cs.CL | Retrieving spoken content with spoken queries, or query-by- example spoken
term detection (STD), is attractive because it makes possible the matching of
signals directly on the acoustic level without transcribing them into text.
Here, we propose an end-to-end query-by-example STD model based on an
attention-based multi... | computer science |
34,676 | End-to-end Learning for Short Text Expansion | cs.CL | Effectively making sense of short texts is a critical task for many real
world applications such as search engines, social media services, and
recommender systems. The task is particularly challenging as a short text
contains very sparse information, often too sparse for a machine learning
algorithm to pick up useful s... | computer science |
34,677 | Formalising Type-Logical Grammars in Agda | cs.LO | In recent years, the interest in using proof assistants to formalise and
reason about mathematics and programming languages has grown. Type-logical
grammars, being closely related to type theories and systems used in functional
programming, are a perfect candidate to next apply this curiosity to. The
advantages of usin... | computer science |
34,678 | Using Optimal Ratio Mask as Training Target for Supervised Speech
Separation | cs.SD | Supervised speech separation uses supervised learning algorithms to learn a
mapping from an input noisy signal to an output target. With the fast
development of deep learning, supervised separation has become the most
important direction in speech separation area in recent years. For the
supervised algorithm, training ... | computer science |
34,679 | Storytelling Agents with Personality and Adaptivity | cs.HC | We explore the expression of personality and adaptivity through the gestures
of virtual agents in a storytelling task. We conduct two experiments using four
different dialogic stories. We manipulate agent personality on the extraversion
scale, whether the agents adapt to one another in their gestural performance
and ag... | computer science |
34,680 | Semantic Document Distance Measures and Unsupervised Document Revision
Detection | cs.IR | In this paper, we model the document revision detection problem as a minimum
cost branching problem that relies on computing document distances.
Furthermore, we propose two new document distance measures, word vector-based
Dynamic Time Warping (wDTW) and word vector-based Tree Edit Distance (wTED).
Our revision detecti... | computer science |
34,681 | Semi-Supervised Recurrent Neural Network for Adverse Drug Reaction
Mention Extraction | cs.IR | Social media is an useful platform to share health-related information due to
its vast reach. This makes it a good candidate for public-health monitoring
tasks, specifically for pharmacovigilance. We study the problem of extraction
of Adverse-Drug-Reaction (ADR) mentions from social media, particularly from
twitter. Me... | computer science |
34,682 | Semi-Automatic Terminology Ontology Learning Based on Topic Modeling | cs.IR | Ontologies provide features like a common vocabulary, reusability,
machine-readable content, and also allows for semantic search, facilitate agent
interaction and ordering & structuring of knowledge for the Semantic Web (Web
3.0) application. However, the challenge in ontology engineering is automatic
learning, i.e., t... | computer science |
34,683 | Sentiment Polarity Detection for Software Development | cs.SE | The role of sentiment analysis is increasingly emerging to study software
developers' emotions by mining crowd-generated content within social software
engineering tools. However, off-the-shelf sentiment analysis tools have been
trained on non-technical domains and general-purpose social media, thus
resulting in miscla... | computer science |
34,684 | Dependencies: Formalising Semantic Catenae for Information Retrieval | cs.IR | Building machines that can understand text like humans is an AI-complete
problem. A great deal of research has already gone into this, with astounding
results, allowing everyday people to discuss with their telephones, or have
their reading materials analysed and classified by computers. A prerequisite
for processing t... | computer science |
34,685 | Embedded-Graph Theory | cs.DM | In this paper, we propose a new type of graph, denoted as "embedded-graph",
and its theory, which employs a distributed representation to describe the
relations on the graph edges. Embedded-graphs can express linguistic and
complicated relations, which cannot be expressed by the existing edge-graphs or
weighted-graphs.... | computer science |
34,686 | A New Semantic Theory of Natural Language | cs.CL | Formal Semantics and Distributional Semantics are two important semantic
frameworks in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Cognitive Semantics belongs to
the movement of Cognitive Linguistics, which is based on contemporary cognitive
science. Each framework could deal with some meaning phenomena, but none of
them fulfil... | computer science |
34,687 | Acquiring Background Knowledge to Improve Moral Value Prediction | cs.CL | In this paper, we address the problem of detecting expressions of moral
values in tweets using content analysis. This is a particularly challenging
problem because moral values are often only implicitly signaled in language,
and tweets contain little contextual information due to length constraints. To
address these ob... | computer science |
34,688 | Character Distributions of Classical Chinese Literary Texts: Zipf's Law,
Genres, and Epochs | cs.CL | We collect 14 representative corpora for major periods in Chinese history in
this study. These corpora include poetic works produced in several dynasties,
novels of the Ming and Qing dynasties, and essays and news reports written in
modern Chinese. The time span of these corpora ranges between 1046 BCE and 2007
CE. We ... | computer science |
34,689 | MERF: Morphology-based Entity and Relational Entity Extraction Framework
for Arabic | cs.IR | Rule-based techniques and tools to extract entities and relational entities
from documents allow users to specify desired entities using natural language
questions, finite state automata, regular expressions, structured query
language statements, or proprietary scripts. These techniques and tools require
expertise in l... | computer science |
34,690 | Flexible Computing Services for Comparisons and Analyses of Classical
Chinese Poetry | cs.CL | We collect nine corpora of representative Chinese poetry for the time span of
1046 BCE and 1644 CE for studying the history of Chinese words, collocations,
and patterns. By flexibly integrating our own tools, we are able to provide new
perspectives for approaching our goals. We illustrate the ideas with two
examples. T... | computer science |
34,691 | Towards Building a Knowledge Base of Monetary Transactions from a News
Collection | cs.IR | We address the problem of extracting structured representations of economic
events from a large corpus of news articles, using a combination of natural
language processing and machine learning techniques. The developed techniques
allow for semi-automatic population of a financial knowledge base, which, in
turn, may be ... | computer science |
34,692 | MetaLDA: a Topic Model that Efficiently Incorporates Meta information | cs.CL | Besides the text content, documents and their associated words usually come
with rich sets of meta informa- tion, such as categories of documents and
semantic/syntactic features of words, like those encoded in word embeddings.
Incorporating such meta information directly into the generative process of
topic models can ... | computer science |
34,693 | Constructing a Hierarchical User Interest Structure based on User
Profiles | cs.CL | The interests of individual internet users fall into a hierarchical structure
which is useful in regards to building personalized searches and
recommendations. Most studies on this subject construct the interest hierarchy
of a single person from the document perspective. In this study, we constructed
the user interest ... | computer science |
34,694 | Polysemy Detection in Distributed Representation of Word Sense | cs.DS | In this paper, we propose a statistical test to determine whether a given
word is used as a polysemic word or not. The statistic of the word in this test
roughly corresponds to the fluctuation in the senses of the neighboring words a
nd the word itself. Even though the sense of a word corresponds to a single
vector, we... | computer science |
34,695 | Integration of Japanese Papers Into the DBLP Data Set | cs.CL | If someone is looking for a certain publication in the field of computer
science, the searching person is likely to use the DBLP to find the desired
publication. The DBLP data set is continuously extended with new publications,
or rather their metadata, for example the names of involved authors, the title
and the publi... | computer science |
34,696 | A Preliminary Study for Building an Arabic Corpus of Pair
Questions-Texts from the Web: AQA-Webcorp | cs.CL | With the development of electronic media and the heterogeneity of Arabic data
on the Web, the idea of building a clean corpus for certain applications of
natural language processing, including machine translation, information
retrieval, question answer, become more and more pressing. In this manuscript,
we seek to crea... | computer science |
34,697 | Efficient and Effective Single-Document Summarizations and A
Word-Embedding Measurement of Quality | cs.IR | Our task is to generate an effective summary for a given document with
specific realtime requirements. We use the softplus function to enhance keyword
rankings to favor important sentences, based on which we present a number of
summarization algorithms using various keyword extraction and topic clustering
methods. We s... | computer science |
34,698 | DTATG: An Automatic Title Generator based on Dependency Trees | cs.IR | We study automatic title generation for a given block of text and present a
method called DTATG to generate titles. DTATG first extracts a small number of
central sentences that convey the main meanings of the text and are in a
suitable structure for conversion into a title. DTATG then constructs a
dependency tree for ... | computer science |
34,699 | Mathematical foundations of matrix syntax | cs.CL | Matrix syntax is a formal model of syntactic relations in language. The
purpose of this paper is to explain its mathematical foundations, for an
audience with some formal background. We make an axiomatic presentation,
motivating each axiom on linguistic and practical grounds. The resulting
mathematical structure resemb... | computer science |
34,700 | Smarnet: Teaching Machines to Read and Comprehend Like Human | cs.CL | Machine Comprehension (MC) is a challenging task in Natural Language
Processing field, which aims to guide the machine to comprehend a passage and
answer the given question. Many existing approaches on MC task are suffering
the inefficiency in some bottlenecks, such as insufficient lexical
understanding, complex questi... | computer science |
34,701 | Clickbait detection using word embeddings | cs.CL | Clickbait is a pejorative term describing web content that is aimed at
generating online advertising revenue, especially at the expense of quality or
accuracy, relying on sensationalist headlines or eye-catching thumbnail
pictures to attract click-throughs and to encourage forwarding of the material
over online social ... | computer science |
34,702 | LD-SDS: Towards an Expressive Spoken Dialogue System based on
Linked-Data | cs.IR | In this work we discuss the related challenges and describe an approach
towards the fusion of state-of-the-art technologies from the Spoken Dialogue
Systems (SDS) and the Semantic Web and Information Retrieval domains. We
envision a dialogue system named LD-SDS that will support advanced, expressive,
and engaging user ... | computer science |
34,703 | Bollywood Movie Corpus for Text, Images and Videos | cs.CY | In past few years, several data-sets have been released for text and images.
We present an approach to create the data-set for use in detecting and removing
gender bias from text. We also include a set of challenges we have faced while
creating this corpora. In this work, we have worked with movie data from
Wikipedia p... | computer science |
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