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35,004
Memcomputing with membrane memcapacitive systems
cs.ET
We show theoretically that networks of membrane memcapacitive systems -- capacitors with memory made out of membrane materials -- can be used to perform a complete set of logic gates in a massively parallel way by simply changing the external input amplitudes, but not the topology of the network. This polymorphism is a...
computer science
35,005
A Fast Hybrid Primal Heuristic for Multiband Robust Capacitated Network Design with Multiple Time Periods
math.OC
We investigate the Robust Multiperiod Network Design Problem, a generalization of the Capacitated Network Design Problem (CNDP) that, besides establishing flow routing and network capacity installation as in a canonical CNDP, also considers a planning horizon made up of multiple time periods and protection against fluc...
computer science
35,006
Trade-Offs in Exploiting Body Morphology for Control: from Simple Bodies and Model-Based Control to Complex Bodies with Model-Free Distributed Control Schemes
cs.RO
Tailoring the design of robot bodies for control purposes is implicitly performed by engineers, however, a methodology or set of tools is largely absent and optimization of morphology (shape, material properties of robot bodies, etc.) is lagging behind the development of controllers. This has become even more prominent...
computer science
35,007
Scalability and Optimization Strategies for GPU Enhanced Neural Networks (GeNN)
cs.DC
Simulation of spiking neural networks has been traditionally done on high-performance supercomputers or large-scale clusters. Utilizing the parallel nature of neural network computation algorithms, GeNN (GPU Enhanced Neural Network) provides a simulation environment that performs on General Purpose NVIDIA GPUs with a c...
computer science
35,008
The inductive theory of natural selection: summary and synthesis
cs.NE
The theory of natural selection has two forms. Deductive theory describes how populations change over time. One starts with an initial population and some rules for change. From those assumptions, one calculates the future state of the population. Deductive theory predicts how populations adapt to environmental challen...
computer science
35,009
Optimization of Reliability of Network of Given Connectivity using Genetic Algorithm
cs.NE
Reliability is one of the important measures of how well the system meets its design objective, and mathematically is the probability that a system will perform satisfactorily for at least a given period of time. When the system is described by a connected network of N components (nodes) and their L connection (links),...
computer science
35,010
Spread Unary Coding
cs.NE
Unary coding is useful but it is redundant in its standard form. Unary coding can also be seen as spatial coding where the value of the number is determined by its place in an array. Motivated by biological finding that several neurons in the vicinity represent the same number, we propose a variant of unary numeration ...
computer science
35,011
Hierarchical Composition of Memristive Networks for Real-Time Computing
cs.ET
Advances in materials science have led to physical instantiations of self-assembled networks of memristive devices and demonstrations of their computational capability through reservoir computing. Reservoir computing is an approach that takes advantage of collective system dynamics for real-time computing. A dynamical ...
computer science
35,012
Incorporating Road Networks into Territory Design
math.OC
Given a set of basic areas, the territory design problem asks to create a predefined number of territories, each containing at least one basic area, such that an objective function is optimized. Desired properties of territories often include a reasonable balance, compact form, contiguity and small average journey time...
computer science
35,013
Programs as Polypeptides
cs.NE
We describe a visual programming language for defining behaviors manifested by reified actors in a 2D virtual world that can be compiled into programs comprised of sequences of combinators that are themselves reified as actors. This makes it possible to build programs that build programs from components of a few fixed ...
computer science
35,014
A Scheme for Molecular Computation of Maximum Likelihood Estimators for Log-Linear Models
cs.NE
We propose a novel molecular computing scheme for statistical inference. We focus on the much-studied statistical inference problem of computing maximum likelihood estimators for log-linear models. Our scheme takes log-linear models to reaction systems, and the observed data to initial conditions, so that the correspon...
computer science
35,015
Distributed Recurrent Neural Forward Models with Synaptic Adaptation for Complex Behaviors of Walking Robots
cs.NE
Walking animals, like stick insects, cockroaches or ants, demonstrate a fascinating range of locomotive abilities and complex behaviors. The locomotive behaviors can consist of a variety of walking patterns along with adaptation that allow the animals to deal with changes in environmental conditions, like uneven terrai...
computer science
35,016
Quantitative evaluation of the performance of discrete-time reservoir computers in the forecasting, filtering, and reconstruction of stochastic stationary signals
cs.ET
This paper extends the notion of information processing capacity for non-independent input signals in the context of reservoir computing (RC). The presence of input autocorrelation makes worthwhile the treatment of forecasting and filtering problems for which we explicitly compute this generalized capacity as a functio...
computer science
35,017
Particle Swarm Optimization for Weighted Sum Rate Maximization in MIMO Broadcast Channels
cs.IT
In this paper, we investigate the downlink multiple-input-multipleoutput (MIMO) broadcast channels in which a base transceiver station (BTS) broadcasts multiple data streams to K MIMO mobile stations (MSs) simultaneously. In order to maximize the weighted sum-rate (WSR) of the system subject to the transmitted power co...
computer science
35,018
Financial Market Modeling with Quantum Neural Networks
cs.NE
Econophysics has developed as a research field that applies the formalism of Statistical Mechanics and Quantum Mechanics to address Economics and Finance problems. The branch of Econophysics that applies of Quantum Theory to Economics and Finance is called Quantum Econophysics. In Finance, Quantum Econophysics' contrib...
computer science
35,019
Using Genetic Algorithms to Benchmark the Cloud
cs.DC
This paper presents a novel application of Genetic Algorithms(GAs) to quantify the performance of Platform as a Service (PaaS), a cloud service model that plays a critical role in both industry and academia. While Cloud benchmarks are not new, in this novel concept, the authors use a GA to take advantage of the elastic...
computer science
35,020
Continuous parameter working memory in a balanced chaotic neural network
cs.NE
It has been proposed that neural noise in the cortex arises from chaotic dynamics in the balanced state: in this model of cortical dynamics, the excitatory and inhibitory inputs to each neuron approximately cancel, and activity is driven by fluctuations of the synaptic inputs around their mean. It remains unclear wheth...
computer science
35,021
Pure and Hybrid Evolutionary Computing in Global Optimization of Chemical Structures: from Atoms and Molecules to Clusters and Crystals
cs.NE
The growth of evolutionary computing (EC) methods in the exploration of complex potential energy landscapes of atomic and molecular clusters, as well as crystals over the last decade or so is reviewed. The trend of growth indicates that pure as well as hybrid evolutionary computing techniques in conjunction of DFT has ...
computer science
35,022
Finding Near-Optimal Independent Sets at Scale
cs.DS
The independent set problem is NP-hard and particularly difficult to solve in large sparse graphs. In this work, we develop an advanced evolutionary algorithm, which incorporates kernelization techniques to compute large independent sets in huge sparse networks. A recent exact algorithm has shown that large networks ca...
computer science
35,023
Single Memristor Logic Gates: From NOT to a Full Adder
cs.ET
Memristors have been suggested as a novel route to neuromorphic computing based on the similarity between them and neurons (specifically synapses and ion pumps). The d.c. action of the memristor is a current spike which imparts a short-term memory to the device. Here it is demonstrated that this short-term memory works...
computer science
35,024
Limiting fitness distributions in evolutionary dynamics
cs.NE
Darwinian evolution can be modeled in general terms as a flow in the space of fitness (i.e. reproductive rate) distributions. In the diffusion approximation, Tsimring et al. have showed that this flow admits "fitness wave" solutions: Gaussian-shape fitness distributions moving towards higher fitness values at constant ...
computer science
35,025
Toward Biochemical Probabilistic Computation
cs.ET
Living organisms survive and multiply even though they have uncertain and incomplete information about their environment and imperfect models to predict the consequences of their actions. Bayesian models have been proposed to face this challenge. Indeed, Bayesian inference is a way to do optimal reasoning when only unc...
computer science
35,026
A biologically constrained model of the whole basal ganglia addressing the paradoxes of connections and selection
cs.NE
The basal ganglia nuclei form a complex network of nuclei often assumed to perform selection, yet their individual roles and how they influence each other is still largely unclear. In particular, the ties between the external and internal parts of the globus pallidus are paradoxical, as anatomical data suggest a potent...
computer science
35,027
Stochastic Interpretation of Quasi-periodic Event-based Systems
cs.NE
Many networks used in machine learning and as models of biological neural networks make use of stochastic neurons or neuron-like units. We show that stochastic artificial neurons can be realized on silicon chips by exploiting the quasi-periodic behavior of mismatched analog oscillators to approximate the neuron's stoch...
computer science
35,028
Inferring Gene Regulatory Network Using An Evolutionary Multi-Objective Method
cs.CE
Inference of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) based on experimental data is a challenging task in bioinformatics. In this paper, we present a bi-objective minimization model (BoMM) for inference of GRNs, where one objective is the fitting error of derivatives, and the other is the number of connections in the network. T...
computer science
35,029
Differential Evolution with Event-Triggered Impulsive Control
cs.NE
Differential evolution (DE) is a simple but powerful evolutionary algorithm, which has been widely and successfully used in various areas. In this paper, an event-triggered impulsive control scheme (ETI) is introduced to improve the performance of DE. Impulsive control, the concept of which derives from control theory,...
computer science
35,030
Interacting Behavior and Emerging Complexity
cs.NE
Can we quantify the change of complexity throughout evolutionary processes? We attempt to address this question through an empirical approach. In very general terms, we simulate two simple organisms on a computer that compete over limited available resources. We implement Global Rules that determine the interaction bet...
computer science
35,031
A single hidden layer feedforward network with only one neuron in the hidden layer can approximate any univariate function
cs.NE
The possibility of approximating a continuous function on a compact subset of the real line by a feedforward single hidden layer neural network with a sigmoidal activation function has been studied in many papers. Such networks can approximate an arbitrary continuous function provided that an unlimited number of neuron...
computer science
35,032
Scalability in Neural Control of Musculoskeletal Robots
cs.RO
Anthropomimetic robots are robots that sense, behave, interact and feel like humans. By this definition, anthropomimetic robots require human-like physical hardware and actuation, but also brain-like control and sensing. The most self-evident realization to meet those requirements would be a human-like musculoskeletal ...
computer science
35,033
An Evolutionary Strategy based on Partial Imitation for Solving Optimization Problems
cs.NE
In this work we introduce an evolutionary strategy to solve combinatorial optimization tasks, i.e. problems characterized by a discrete search space. In particular, we focus on the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), i.e. a famous problem whose search space grows exponentially, increasing the number of cities, up to beco...
computer science
35,034
Evolving Boolean Regulatory Networks with Variable Gene Expression Times
cs.NE
The time taken for gene expression varies not least because proteins vary in length considerably. This paper uses an abstract, tuneable Boolean regulatory network model to explore gene expression time variation. In particular, it is shown how non-uniform expression times can emerge under certain conditions through simu...
computer science
35,035
Performance Localisation
cs.SE
Performance becomes an issue particularly when execution cost hinders the functionality of a program. Typically a profiler can be used to find program code execution which represents a large portion of the overall execution cost of a program. Pinpointing where a performance issue exists provides a starting point for tr...
computer science
35,036
A Discontinuous Neural Network for Non-Negative Sparse Approximation
cs.NE
This paper investigates a discontinuous neural network which is used as a model of the mammalian olfactory system and can more generally be applied to solve non-negative sparse approximation problems. By inherently limiting the systems integrators to having non-negative outputs, the system function becomes discontinuou...
computer science
35,037
Analyzing coevolutionary games with dynamic fitness landscapes
cs.GT
Coevolutionary games cast players that may change their strategies as well as their networks of interaction. In this paper a framework is introduced for describing coevolutionary game dynamics by landscape models. It is shown that coevolutionary games invoke dynamic landscapes. Numerical experiments are shown for a pri...
computer science
35,038
Boda-RTC: Productive Generation of Portable, Efficient Code for Convolutional Neural Networks on Mobile Computing Platforms
cs.DC
The popularity of neural networks (NNs) spans academia, industry, and popular culture. In particular, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been applied to many image based machine learning tasks and have yielded strong results. The availability of hardware/software systems for efficient training and deployment of ...
computer science
35,039
Collective Decision Dynamics in Group Evacuation: Behavioral Experiment and Machine Learning Models
cs.NE
Identifying factors that affect human decision making and quantifying their influence remain essential and challenging tasks for the design and implementation of social and technological communication systems. We report results of a behavioral experiment involving decision making in the face of an impending natural dis...
computer science
35,040
Minimum cost polygon overlay with rectangular shape stock panels
cs.NE
Minimum Cost Polygon Overlay (MCPO) is a unique two-dimensional optimization problem that involves the task of covering a polygon shaped area with a series of rectangular shaped panels. This has a number of applications in the construction industry. This work examines the MCPO problem in order to construct a model that...
computer science
35,041
Multi-Objective Design of State Feedback Controllers Using Reinforced Quantum-Behaved Particle Swarm Optimization
cs.NE
In this paper, a novel and generic multi-objective design paradigm is proposed which utilizes quantum-behaved PSO(QPSO) for deciding the optimal configuration of the LQR controller for a given problem considering a set of competing objectives. There are three main contributions introduced in this paper as follows. (1) ...
computer science
35,042
Escaping Local Optima using Crossover with Emergent or Reinforced Diversity
cs.NE
Population diversity is essential for avoiding premature convergence in Genetic Algorithms (GAs) and for the effective use of crossover. Yet the dynamics of how diversity emerges in populations are not well understood. We use rigorous runtime analysis to gain insight into population dynamics and GA performance for the ...
computer science
35,043
Drift Analysis and Evolutionary Algorithms Revisited
math.CO
One of the easiest randomized greedy optimization algorithms is the following evolutionary algorithm which aims at maximizing a boolean function $f:\{0,1\}^n \to {\mathbb R}$. The algorithm starts with a random search point $\xi \in \{0,1\}^n$, and in each round it flips each bit of $\xi$ with probability $c/n$ indepen...
computer science
35,044
Dopamine modulation of prefrontal delay activity-reverberatory activity and sharpness of tuning curves
cs.NE
Recent electrophysiological experiments have shown that dopamine (D1) modulation of pyramidal cells in prefrontal cortex reduces spike frequency adaptation and enhances NMDA transmission. Using four models, from multicompartmental to integrate and fire, we examine the effects of these modulations on sustained (delay) a...
computer science
35,045
Simulation of an Optional Strategy in the Prisoner's Dilemma in Spatial and Non-spatial Environments
cs.GT
This paper presents research comparing the effects of different environments on the outcome of an extended Prisoner's Dilemma, in which agents have the option to abstain from playing the game. We consider three different pure strategies: cooperation, defection and abstinence. We adopt an evolutionary game theoretic app...
computer science
35,046
Evolutionary Approaches to Optimization Problems in Chimera Topologies
cs.NE
Chimera graphs define the topology of one of the first commercially available quantum computers. A variety of optimization problems have been mapped to this topology to evaluate the behavior of quantum enhanced optimization heuristics in relation to other optimizers, being able to efficiently solve problems classically...
computer science
35,047
Neural Networks and Chaos: Construction, Evaluation of Chaotic Networks, and Prediction of Chaos with Multilayer Feedforward Networks
cs.NE
Many research works deal with chaotic neural networks for various fields of application. Unfortunately, up to now these networks are usually claimed to be chaotic without any mathematical proof. The purpose of this paper is to establish, based on a rigorous theoretical framework, an equivalence between chaotic iteratio...
computer science
35,048
Applying Topological Persistence in Convolutional Neural Network for Music Audio Signals
cs.NE
Recent years have witnessed an increased interest in the application of persistent homology, a topological tool for data analysis, to machine learning problems. Persistent homology is known for its ability to numerically characterize the shapes of spaces induced by features or functions. On the other hand, deep neural ...
computer science
35,049
Magnetic skyrmion-based synaptic devices
cs.ET
Magnetic skyrmions are promising candidates for next-generation information carriers, owing to their small size, topological stability, and ultralow depinning current density. A wide variety of skyrmionic device concepts and prototypes have been proposed, highlighting their potential applications. Here, we report on a ...
computer science
35,050
The Optional Prisoner's Dilemma in a Spatial Environment: Coevolving Game Strategy and Link Weights
cs.NE
In this paper, the Optional Prisoner's Dilemma game in a spatial environment, with coevolutionary rules for both the strategy and network links between agents, is studied. Using a Monte Carlo simulation approach, a number of experiments are performed to identify favourable configurations of the environment for the emer...
computer science
35,051
Using CMA-ES for tuning coupled PID controllers within models of combustion engines
cs.SY
Proportional integral derivative (PID) controllers are important and widely used tools in system control. Tuning of the controller gains is a laborious task, especially for complex systems such as combustion engines. To minimize the time of an engineer for tuning of the gains in a simulation software, we propose to for...
computer science
35,052
Quantum Neural Machine Learning - Backpropagation and Dynamics
cs.NE
The current work addresses quantum machine learning in the context of Quantum Artificial Neural Networks such that the networks' processing is divided in two stages: the learning stage, where the network converges to a specific quantum circuit, and the backpropagation stage where the network effectively works as a self...
computer science
35,053
Multi-Output Artificial Neural Network for Storm Surge Prediction in North Carolina
cs.NE
During hurricane seasons, emergency managers and other decision makers need accurate and `on-time' information on potential storm surge impacts. Fully dynamical computer models, such as the ADCIRC tide, storm surge, and wind-wave model take several hours to complete a forecast when configured at high spatial resolution...
computer science
35,054
Training a Probabilistic Graphical Model with Resistive Switching Electronic Synapses
cs.NE
Current large scale implementations of deep learning and data mining require thousands of processors, massive amounts of off-chip memory, and consume gigajoules of energy. Emerging memory technologies such as nanoscale two-terminal resistive switching memory devices offer a compact, scalable and low power alternative t...
computer science
35,055
Superconducting optoelectronic circuits for neuromorphic computing
cs.NE
Neural networks have proven effective for solving many difficult computational problems. Implementing complex neural networks in software is very computationally expensive. To explore the limits of information processing, it will be necessary to implement new hardware platforms with large numbers of neurons, each with ...
computer science
35,056
Computational Tradeoffs in Biological Neural Networks: Self-Stabilizing Winner-Take-All Networks
cs.NE
We initiate a line of investigation into biological neural networks from an algorithmic perspective. We develop a simplified but biologically plausible model for distributed computation in stochastic spiking neural networks and study tradeoffs between computation time and network complexity in this model. Our aim is to...
computer science
35,057
Operational calculus on programming spaces
cs.FL
In this paper we develop operational calculus on programming spaces that generalizes existing approaches to automatic differentiation of computer programs and provides a rigorous framework for program analysis through calculus. We present an abstract computing machine that models automatically differentiable computer...
computer science
35,058
Neuromorphic Silicon Photonic Networks
cs.NE
Photonic systems for high-performance information processing have attracted renewed interest. Neuromorphic silicon photonics has the potential to integrate processing functions that vastly exceed the capabilities of electronics. We report first observations of a recurrent silicon photonic neural network, in which conne...
computer science
35,059
A Metaprogramming and Autotuning Framework for Deploying Deep Learning Applications
cs.NE
In recent years, deep neural networks (DNNs), have yielded strong results on a wide range of applications. Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) have been one key enabling factor leading to the current popularity of DNNs. However, despite increasing hardware flexibility and software programming toolchain maturity, high effi...
computer science
35,060
dMath: Distributed Linear Algebra for DL
cs.DC
The paper presents a parallel math library, dMath, that demonstrates leading scaling when using intranode, internode, and hybrid-parallelism for deep learning (DL). dMath provides easy-to-use distributed primitives and a variety of domain-specific algorithms including matrix multiplication, convolutions, and others all...
computer science
35,061
Dynamic landscape models of coevolutionary games
cs.NE
Players of coevolutionary games may update not only their strategies but also their networks of interaction. Based on interpreting the payoff of players as fitness, dynamic landscape models are proposed. The modeling procedure is carried out for Prisoner's Dilemma (PD) and Snowdrift (SD) games that both use either birt...
computer science
35,062
Fractional Order Load-Frequency Control of Interconnected Power Systems Using Chaotic Multi-objective Optimization
math.OC
Fractional order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) controllers are designed for load frequency control (LFC) of two interconnected power systems. Conflicting time domain design objectives are considered in a multi objective optimization (MOO) based design framework to design the gains and the fractional differ-i...
computer science
35,063
Source localization in an ocean waveguide using supervised machine learning
cs.NE
Source localization in ocean acoustics is posed as a machine learning problem in which data-driven methods learn source ranges directly from observed acoustic data. The pressure received by a vertical linear array is preprocessed by constructing a normalized sample covariance matrix (SCM) and used as the input. Three m...
computer science
35,064
Scaling Properties of Human Brain Functional Networks
cs.NE
We investigate scaling properties of human brain functional networks in the resting-state. Analyzing network degree distributions, we statistically test whether their tails scale as power-law or not. Initial studies, based on least-squares fitting, were shown to be inadequate for precise estimation of power-law distrib...
computer science
35,065
Distributed Evolutionary k-way Node Separators
cs.NE
Computing high quality node separators in large graphs is necessary for a variety of applications, ranging from divide-and-conquer algorithms to VLSI design. In this work, we present a novel distributed evolutionary algorithm tackling the k-way node separator problem. A key component of our contribution includes new k-...
computer science
35,066
Differential Evolution for Quantum Robust Control: Algorithm, Applications and Experiments
cs.NE
Robust control design for quantum systems has been recognized as a key task in quantum information technology, molecular chemistry and atomic physics. In this paper, an improved differential evolution algorithm of msMS_DE is proposed to search robust fields for various quantum control problems. In msMS_DE, multiple sam...
computer science
35,067
The Causal Role of Astrocytes in Slow-Wave Rhythmogenesis: A Computational Modelling Study
cs.NE
Finding the origin of slow and infra-slow oscillations could reveal or explain brain mechanisms in health and disease. Here, we present a biophysically constrained computational model of a neural network where the inclusion of astrocytes introduced slow and infra-slow-oscillations, through two distinct mechanisms. Spec...
computer science
35,068
Control of the Correlation of Spontaneous Neuron Activity in Biological and Noise-activated CMOS Artificial Neural Microcircuits
cs.NE
There are several indications that brain is organized not on a basis of individual unreliable neurons, but on a micro-circuital scale providing Lego blocks employed to create complex architectures. At such an intermediate scale, the firing activity in the microcircuits is governed by collective effects emerging by the ...
computer science
35,069
A norm knockout method on indirect reciprocity to reveal indispensable norms
cs.MA
Although various norms for reciprocity-based cooperation have been suggested that are evolutionarily stable against invasion from free riders, the process of alternation of norms and the role of diversified norms remain unclear in the evolution of cooperation. We clarify the co-evolutionary dynamics of norms and cooper...
computer science
35,070
Non-Associative Learning Representation in the Nervous System of the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
cs.NE
Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) illustrated remarkable behavioral plasticities including complex non-associative and associative learning representations. Understanding the principles of such mechanisms presumably leads to constructive inspirations for the design of efficient learning algorithms. In the present stu...
computer science
35,071
Approximating Optimization Problems using EAs on Scale-Free Networks
cs.DS
It has been experimentally observed that real-world networks follow certain topological properties, such as small-world, power-law etc. To study these networks, many random graph models, such as Preferential Attachment, have been proposed. In this paper, we consider the deterministic properties which capture power-la...
computer science
35,072
A fast ILP-based Heuristic for the robust design of Body Wireless Sensor Networks
math.OC
We consider the problem of optimally designing a body wireless sensor network, while taking into account the uncertainty of data generation of biosensors. Since the related min-max robustness Integer Linear Programming (ILP) problem can be difficult to solve even for state-of-the-art commercial optimization solvers, we...
computer science
35,073
A hybrid CPU-GPU parallelization scheme of variable neighborhood search for inventory optimization problems
cs.NE
In this paper, we study various parallelization schemes for the Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS) metaheuristic on a CPU-GPU system via OpenMP and OpenACC. A hybrid parallel VNS method is applied to recent benchmark problem instances for the multi-product dynamic lot sizing problem with product returns and recovery, w...
computer science
35,074
A hybrid exact-ACO algorithm for the joint scheduling, power and cluster assignment in cooperative wireless networks
math.OC
Base station cooperation (BSC) has recently arisen as a promising way to increase the capacity of a wireless network. Implementing BSC adds a new design dimension to the classical wireless network design problem: how to define the subset of base stations (clusters) that coordinate to serve a user. Though the problem of...
computer science
35,075
A hybrid primal heuristic for Robust Multiperiod Network Design
math.OC
We investigate the Robust Multiperiod Network Design Problem, a generalization of the classical Capacitated Network Design Problem that additionally considers multiple design periods and provides solutions protected against traffic uncertainty. Given the intrinsic difficulty of the problem, which proves challenging eve...
computer science
35,076
An evolutionary strategy for DeltaE - E identification
cs.NE
In this article we present an automatic method for charge and mass identification of charged nuclear fragments produced in heavy ion collisions at intermediate energies. The algorithm combines a generative model of DeltaE - E relation and a Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolutionary Strategy (CMA-ES). The CMA-ES is a st...
computer science
35,077
Neuro-RAM Unit with Applications to Similarity Testing and Compression in Spiking Neural Networks
cs.NE
We study distributed algorithms implemented in a simplified biologically inspired model for stochastic spiking neural networks. We focus on tradeoffs between computation time and network complexity, along with the role of randomness in efficient neural computation. It is widely accepted that neural computation is inh...
computer science
35,078
Information Bottleneck in Control Tasks with Recurrent Spiking Neural Networks
cs.NE
The nervous system encodes continuous information from the environment in the form of discrete spikes, and then decodes these to produce smooth motor actions. Understanding how spikes integrate, represent, and process information to produce behavior is one of the greatest challenges in neuroscience. Information theory ...
computer science
35,079
Deep Learning Methods for Improved Decoding of Linear Codes
cs.IT
The problem of low complexity, close to optimal, channel decoding of linear codes with short to moderate block length is considered. It is shown that deep learning methods can be used to improve a standard belief propagation decoder, despite the large example space. Similar improvements are obtained for the min-sum alg...
computer science
35,080
A Minimal Developmental Model Can Increase Evolvability in Soft Robots
cs.NE
Different subsystems of organisms adapt over many time scales, such as rapid changes in the nervous system (learning), slower morphological and neurological change over the lifetime of the organism (postnatal development), and change over many generations (evolution). Much work has focused on instantiating learning or ...
computer science
35,081
Modeling Musical Context with Word2vec
cs.SD
We present a semantic vector space model for capturing complex polyphonic musical context. A word2vec model based on a skip-gram representation with negative sampling was used to model slices of music from a dataset of Beethoven's piano sonatas. A visualization of the reduced vector space using t-distributed stochastic...
computer science
35,082
Toward Inverse Control of Physics-Based Sound Synthesis
cs.SD
Long Short-Term Memory networks (LSTMs) can be trained to realize inverse control of physics-based sound synthesizers. Physics-based sound synthesizers simulate the laws of physics to produce output sound according to input gesture signals. When a user's gestures are measured in real time, she or he can use them to con...
computer science
35,083
Chord Label Personalization through Deep Learning of Integrated Harmonic Interval-based Representations
cs.SD
The increasing accuracy of automatic chord estimation systems, the availability of vast amounts of heterogeneous reference annotations, and insights from annotator subjectivity research make chord label personalization increasingly important. Nevertheless, automatic chord estimation systems are historically exclusively...
computer science
35,084
Vision-based Detection of Acoustic Timed Events: a Case Study on Clarinet Note Onsets
cs.NE
Acoustic events often have a visual counterpart. Knowledge of visual information can aid the understanding of complex auditory scenes, even when only a stereo mixdown is available in the audio domain, \eg identifying which musicians are playing in large musical ensembles. In this paper, we consider a vision-based appro...
computer science
35,085
Talking Drums: Generating drum grooves with neural networks
cs.SD
Presented is a method of generating a full drum kit part for a provided kick-drum sequence. A sequence to sequence neural network model used in natural language translation was adopted to encode multiple musical styles and an online survey was developed to test different techniques for sampling the output of the softma...
computer science
35,086
Comparing Information-Theoretic Measures of Complexity in Boltzmann Machines
cs.IT
In the past three decades, many theoretical measures of complexity have been proposed to help understand complex systems. In this work, for the first time, we place these measures on a level playing field, to explore the qualitative similarities and differences between them, and their shortcomings. Specifically, using ...
computer science
35,087
Spectral Modes of Network Dynamics Reveal Increased Informational Complexity Near Criticality
cs.NE
What does the informational complexity of dynamical networked systems tell us about intrinsic mechanisms and functions of these complex systems? Recent complexity measures such as integrated information have sought to operationalize this problem taking a whole-versus-parts perspective, wherein one explicitly computes t...
computer science
35,088
A multi-agent reinforcement learning model of common-pool resource appropriation
cs.MA
Humanity faces numerous problems of common-pool resource appropriation. This class of multi-agent social dilemma includes the problems of ensuring sustainable use of fresh water, common fisheries, grazing pastures, and irrigation systems. Abstract models of common-pool resource appropriation based on non-cooperative ga...
computer science
35,089
Speaker Diarization using Deep Recurrent Convolutional Neural Networks for Speaker Embeddings
cs.SD
In this paper we propose a new method of speaker diarization that employs a deep learning architecture to learn speaker embeddings. In contrast to the traditional approaches that build their speaker embeddings using manually hand-crafted spectral features, we propose to train for this purpose a recurrent convolutional ...
computer science
35,090
On the approximation by single hidden layer feedforward neural networks with fixed weights
cs.NE
Feedforward neural networks have wide applicability in various disciplines of science due to their universal approximation property. Some authors have shown that single hidden layer feedforward neural networks (SLFNs) with fixed weights still possess the universal approximation property provided that approximated funct...
computer science
35,091
Adaptive Plant Propagation Algorithm for Solving Economic Load Dispatch Problem
cs.CE
Optimization problems in design engineering are complex by nature, often because of the involvement of critical objective functions accompanied by a number of rigid constraints associated with the products involved. One such problem is Economic Load Dispatch (ED) problem which focuses on the optimization of the fuel co...
computer science
35,092
Algorithmically probable mutations reproduce aspects of evolution such as convergence rate, genetic memory, modularity, diversity explosions, and mass extinction
cs.NE
Natural selection explains how life has evolved over millions of years from more primitive forms. The speed at which this happens, however, has sometimes defied explanations based on random (uniformly distributed) mutations. Here we investigate the application of algorithmic mutations (no recombination) to binary matri...
computer science
35,093
AutoPerf: A Generalized Zero-Positive Learning System to Detect Software Performance Anomalies
cs.SE
In this paper, we present AutoPerf, a generalized software performance anomaly detection system. AutoPerf uses autoencoders, an unsupervised learning technique, and hardware performance counters to learn the performance signatures of parallel programs. It then uses this knowledge to identify when newer versions of the ...
computer science
35,094
Spiking neurons with short-term synaptic plasticity form superior generative networks
cs.NE
Spiking networks that perform probabilistic inference have been proposed both as models of cortical computation and as candidates for solving problems in machine learning. However, the evidence for spike-based computation being in any way superior to non-spiking alternatives remains scarce. We propose that short-term p...
computer science
35,095
Reservoir Computing using Stochastic p-Bits
cs.ET
We present a general hardware framework for building networks that directly implement Reservoir Computing, a popular software method for implementing and training Recurrent Neural Networks and are particularly suited for temporal inferencing and pattern recognition. We provide a specific example of a candidate hardware...
computer science
35,096
A graphical, scalable and intuitive method for the placement and the connection of biological cells
cs.NE
We introduce a graphical method originating from the computer graphics domain that is used for the arbitrary and intuitive placement of cells over a two-dimensional manifold. Using a bitmap image as input, where the color indicates the identity of the different structures and the alpha channel indicates the local cell ...
computer science
35,097
Adversarial Domain Adaptation for Identifying Phase Transitions
cs.NE
The identification of phases of matter is a challenging task, especially in quantum mechanics, where the complexity of the ground state appears to grow exponentially with the size of the system. We address this problem with state-of-the-art deep learning techniques: adversarial domain adaptation. We derive the phase di...
computer science
35,098
Does Phase Matter For Monaural Source Separation?
cs.SD
The "cocktail party" problem of fully separating multiple sources from a single channel audio waveform remains unsolved. Current biological understanding of neural encoding suggests that phase information is preserved and utilized at every stage of the auditory pathway. However, current computational approaches primari...
computer science
35,099
Deep D-bar: Real time Electrical Impedance Tomography Imaging with Deep Neural Networks
math.NA
The mathematical problem for Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a highly nonlinear ill-posed inverse problem requiring carefully designed reconstruction procedures to ensure reliable image generation. D-bar methods are based on a rigorous mathematical analysis and provide robust direct reconstructions by using a ...
computer science
35,100
A Further Analysis of The Role of Heterogeneity in Coevolutionary Spatial Games
cs.GT
Heterogeneity has been studied as one of the most common explanations of the puzzle of cooperation in social dilemmas. A large number of papers have been published discussing the effects of increasing heterogeneity in structured populations of agents, where it has been established that heterogeneity may favour cooperat...
computer science
35,101
RoboJam: A Musical Mixture Density Network for Collaborative Touchscreen Interaction
cs.HC
RoboJam is a machine-learning system for generating music that assists users of a touchscreen music app by performing responses to their short improvisations. This system uses a recurrent artificial neural network to generate sequences of touchscreen interactions and absolute timings, rather than high-level musical not...
computer science
35,102
Reconstruction of Electrical Impedance Tomography Using Fish School Search, Non-Blind Search, and Genetic Algorithm
cs.NE
Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a noninvasive imaging technique that does not use ionizing radiation, with application both in environmental sciences and in health. Image reconstruction is performed by solving an inverse problem and ill-posed. Evolutionary Computation and Swarm Intelligence have become a sourc...
computer science
35,103
NEURAghe: Exploiting CPU-FPGA Synergies for Efficient and Flexible CNN Inference Acceleration on Zynq SoCs
cs.NE
Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) obtain outstanding results in tasks that require human-level understanding of data, like image or speech recognition. However, their computational load is significant, motivating the development of CNN-specialized accelerators. This work presents NEURAghe, a flexible and effici...
computer science