text stringlengths 14 4.79k | source stringlengths 13 304 | tokens float64 75 1.06k ⌀ | char_length float64 106 4.79k ⌀ | article_title stringlengths 16 300 ⌀ |
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Stephen C. Kleene defined as his now-famous "Thesis I" known as the Church–Turing thesis. But he did this in the following context (boldface in original): "12. Algorithmic theories... In setting up a complete algorithmic theory, what we do is to describe a procedure, performable for each set of values of the independen... | Wikipedia - Mathematical algorithm | null | null | null |
J. Edwards (1892). Differential Calculus. London: MacMillan and Co. p. | Wikipedia - Differential calculus | null | null | null |
1. Boman, Eugene, and Robert Rogers. Differential Calculus: From Practice to Theory. 2022, personal.psu.edu/ecb5/DiffCalc.pdf . | Wikipedia - Differential calculus | null | null | null |
J. Murdoch Ritchie Jacques-Arsène d'Arsonval James D. Watson Jane S. Richardson Jeremy C. Smith (scientist) Jerome Wolken Johan Paulsson John C. Taschner John Desmond Bernal John Heuser John Hopfield John Kendrew Journal of Applied Biomechanics Julia Goodfellow | Wikipedia - Index of biophysics articles | null | null | null |
J. Murray Barbour brought new attention to Stråhle's construction along with Faggot's treatment of it in the 20th century. Introduced in the context of Marpurg, he included an overview of it alongside the more famous methods of determining string lengths in his 1951 book Tuning and Temperament where he characterized th... | Wikipedia - Strähle construction | null | null | null |
He reviewed Faggot's error and its consequences, and then derived Stråhle's construction algebraically using similar triangles. This takes the generalized form N m ≐ O A + B A + ( O A − 3 B A ) × m O A + B A − 2 B A × m {\displaystyle N^{m}\doteq {\frac {OA+BA+(OA-3BA)\times {m}}{OA+BA-2BA\times {m}}}} Using the values... | Wikipedia - Strähle construction | null | null | null |
He instructed to first draw the line MR corresponding to the larger of the two numbers with MP the smaller, and to construct their mean proportional at MB. The line that will carry the divisions is drawn from R at any acute angle to MR, and perpendicular to it a line is drawn through B, which intersects the line to be ... | Wikipedia - Strähle construction | null | null | null |
Barbour concluded with a discussion of the pattern and magnitude of the errors produced by the generalized construction when used to approximate exponentials of different roots, stating that his method "is simple and works exceedingly well for small numbers". For roots from 1 to 2 the error is less than 0.13%—about 2 c... | Wikipedia - Strähle construction | null | null | null |
J. R. Smith 1940s: F. A. Smith 1950s: H. Cater 1981: E. C. Bowcott 1988: W. Redmond 1990: J. Burdis 2000: A. Evans == References == | Wikipedia - Engineering and Fastener Trade Union | null | null | null |
J. Yan, Q. H. Liu, J. X. Liu and Z. C. Ou-Yang, Numerical observation of nonaxisymmetric vesicles in fluid membranes, Phys. Rev. E 58 (1998) 4730-4736. J. J. Zhou, Y. Zhang, X. Zhou, Z. C. Ou-Yang, Large Deformation of Spherical Vesicle Studied by Perturbation Theory and Surface Evolver, Int J Mod Phys B 15 (2001) 2977... | Wikipedia - Elasticity of cell membranes | null | null | null |
Y. Zhang, X. Zhou, J. J. Zhou and Z. C. Ou-Yang, Triconcave Solution to the Helfrich Variation Problem for the Shape of Lipid Bilayer Vesicles is Found by Surface Evolver, In. J. Mod. | Wikipedia - Elasticity of cell membranes | null | null | null |
Phys. B 16 (2002) 511-517. Q. Du, C. Liu and X. Wang, Simulating the deformation of vesicle membranes under elastic bending energy in three dimensions, J. Comput. | Wikipedia - Elasticity of cell membranes | null | null | null |
Phys. 212 (2006) 757. X. Wang and Q. Du, physics/0605095. | Wikipedia - Elasticity of cell membranes | null | null | null |
J.A. Cronin, D.F. Greenberg, and V.L. Telegdi (1967,1979) University of Chicago Graduate Problems in Physics with Solutions (ISBN 978-0226121093) Nathan Newbury, John Ruhl, Suzanne Staggs, Stephen Thorsett, and Michael Newman. (1991) Princeton Problems in Physics with Solutions (ISBN 978-0691024493) | Wikipedia - Problem book | null | null | null |
J.A. Dean (ed), Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (15th Edition), McGraw-Hill, 1999; Section 6; Table 6.5 Critical Properties | Wikipedia - Critical points of the elements (data page) | null | null | null |
J.A. Mettes; J.B. Keith; R.B. McClurg (2002). | Wikipedia - Spherical tensor operator | null | null | null |
"Molecular Crystal Global Phase Diagrams:I Method of Construction" (PDF). B.Henderson, R.H. Bartram (2005). | Wikipedia - Spherical tensor operator | null | null | null |
Crystal-Field Engineering of Solid-State Laser Materials. Cambridge Studies in Modern Optics. Vol. | Wikipedia - Spherical tensor operator | null | null | null |
25. Cambridge University Press. p. | Wikipedia - Spherical tensor operator | null | null | null |
49. ISBN 978-0-52101-8012. Edward U. Condon, and Halis Odabaşı (1980). | Wikipedia - Spherical tensor operator | null | null | null |
Atomic Structure. CUP Archive. ISBN 978-0-5212-98933. | Wikipedia - Spherical tensor operator | null | null | null |
Melinda J. Duer, ed. (2008). "3". | Wikipedia - Spherical tensor operator | null | null | null |
Solid State NMR Spectroscopy: Principles and Applications. John Wiley & Sons. p. | Wikipedia - Spherical tensor operator | null | null | null |
113. ISBN 978-0-4709-9938-7. K.D. | Wikipedia - Spherical tensor operator | null | null | null |
Bonin; V.V. Kresin (1997). "2". | Wikipedia - Spherical tensor operator | null | null | null |
Electric - Dipole Polarizabilities of Atoms, Molecules and Clusters. World Scientific. pp. | Wikipedia - Spherical tensor operator | null | null | null |
14–15. ISBN 978-981-022-493-6. A.E. | Wikipedia - Spherical tensor operator | null | null | null |
McDermott, T.Polenova (2012). Solid State NMR Studies of Biopolymers. EMR handbooks. | Wikipedia - Spherical tensor operator | null | null | null |
John Wiley & Sons. p. 42. ISBN 978-111-858-889-5. | Wikipedia - Spherical tensor operator | null | null | null |
J.W. Gibbs developed the thermodynamic theory of capillarity based on the idea of surfaces of discontinuity. Gibbs considered the case of a sharp mathematical surface being placed somewhere within the microscopically fuzzy physical interface that exists between two homogeneous substances. Realizing that the exact choic... | Wikipedia - Interfacial tension | null | null | null |
Since the interface exists in thermal and chemical equilibrium with the substances around it (having temperature T and chemical potentials μi), Gibbs considered the case where the surface may have excess energy, excess entropy, and excess particles, finding the natural free energy function in this case to be U − T S − ... | Wikipedia - Interfacial tension | null | null | null |
The surface effects of interest are a modification to this, and they can be all collected into a surface free energy term Ω S {\displaystyle \Omega _{\text{S}}} so the total grand potential of the volume becomes: For sufficiently macroscopic and gently curved surfaces, the surface free energy must simply be proportiona... | Wikipedia - Interfacial tension | null | null | null |
From this it is easy to understand why decreasing the surface area of a mass of liquid is always spontaneous, provided it is not coupled to any other energy changes. It follows that in order to increase surface area, a certain amount of energy must be added. Gibbs and other scientists have wrestled with the arbitrarine... | Wikipedia - Interfacial tension | null | null | null |
For microscopic surfaces with very tight curvatures, it is not correct to assume the surface tension is independent of size, and topics like the Tolman length come into play. For a macroscopic-sized surface (and planar surfaces), the surface placement does not have a significant effect on γ; however, it does have a ver... | Wikipedia - Interfacial tension | null | null | null |
In the case of a two-fluid interface, there is no distinction between forming and stretching because the fluids and the surface completely replenish their nature when the surface is stretched. For a solid, stretching the surface, even elastically, results in a fundamentally changed surface. | Wikipedia - Interfacial tension | null | null | null |
Further, the surface stress on a solid is a directional quantity (a stress tensor) while surface energy is scalar. Fifteen years after Gibbs, J.D. van der Waals developed the theory of capillarity effects based on the hypothesis of a continuous variation of density. | Wikipedia - Interfacial tension | null | null | null |
He added to the energy density the term c ( ∇ ρ ) 2 , {\displaystyle c(\nabla \rho )^{2},} where c is the capillarity coefficient and ρ is the density. For the multiphase equilibria, the results of the van der Waals approach practically coincide with the Gibbs formulae, but for modelling of the dynamics of phase transi... | Wikipedia - Interfacial tension | null | null | null |
J.W. Mayer and E. Rimini, Ion Beam Handbook for Material Analysis, (1977) Academic Press, New York L.C. Feldman, J.W. Mayer and S.T.Picraux, Material Analysis by Ion Channelling, (1982) Academic Press, New York R. Hovden, H. L. Xin, D. A. Muller, Phys. | Wikipedia - Channelling (physics) | null | null | null |
Rev. B 86, 195415 (2012) arXiv:1212.1154 G. R. Anstis, D. Q. Cai, and D. J. H. Cockayne, Ultramicroscopy 94, 309 (2003). D. Van Dyck and J. H. Chen, Solid State Communications 109, 501 (1999). | Wikipedia - Channelling (physics) | null | null | null |
S. Hillyard and J. Silcox, Ultramicroscopy 58, 6 (1995). S. J. Pennycook and D. E. Jesson, Physical Review Letters 64, 938 (1990). M. V. Berry and Ozoriode.Am, Journal of Physics a-Mathematical and General 6, 1451 (1973). | Wikipedia - Channelling (physics) | null | null | null |
M. V. Berry, Journal of Physics Part C Solid State Physics 4, 697 (1971). A. Howie, Philosophical Magazine 14, 223 (1966). P. B. Hirsch, A. Howie, R. B. Nicholson, D. W. Pashley, and M. Whelan, Electron microscopy of thin crystals (Butterworths London, 1965). J. U. Andersen, Notes on Channeling, http://phys.au.dk/en/pu... | Wikipedia - Channelling (physics) | null | null | null |
J.W. Steed, D.R. Turner, K. Wallace Core Concepts in Supramolecular Chemistry and Nanochemistry (Wiley, 2007) 315p. ISBN 978-0-470-85867-7 Brechignac C., Houdy P., Lahmani M. | Wikipedia - Nanochemistry | null | null | null |
(Eds.) Nanomaterials and Nanochemistry (Springer, 2007) 748p. ISBN 978-3-540-72993-8 H. Watarai, N. Teramae, T. Sawada Interfacial Nanochemistry: Molecular Science and Engineering at Liquid-Liquid Interfaces (Nanostructure Science and Technology) 2005. | Wikipedia - Nanochemistry | null | null | null |
321p. ISBN 978-0-387-27541-3 Ozin G., Arsenault A.C., Cademartiri L. Nanochemistry: A Chemical Approach to Nanomaterials 2nd Eds. (Royal Society of Chemistry, 2008) 820p. | Wikipedia - Nanochemistry | null | null | null |
ISBN 978-1847558954 Kenneth J. Klabunde; Ryan M. Richards, eds. (2009). Nanoscale Materials in Chemistry (2nd ed.). Wiley. ISBN 978-0-470-22270-6. | Wikipedia - Nanochemistry | null | null | null |
J/psi mesonThe J/ψ (J/psi) meson or psion is a subatomic particle, a flavor-neutral meson consisting of a charm quark and a charm antiquark. Mesons formed by a bound state of a charm quark and a charm anti-quark are generally known as "charmonium". The J/ψ is the most common form of charmonium, due to its spin of 1 and... | Wikipedia - Glossary of engineering: A–L | null | null | null |
JouleThe SI unit of energy. The joule, (symbol: J), is a derived unit of energy in the International System of Units. It is equal to the energy transferred to (or work done on) an object when a force of one newton acts on that object in the direction of the object's motion through a distance of one metre (1 newton-metr... | Wikipedia - Glossary of engineering: A–L | null | null | null |
It is also the energy dissipated as heat when an electric current of one ampere passes through a resistance of one ohm for one second. It is named after the English physicist James Prescott Joule (1818–1889). Joule heatingAlso known as resistive, resistance, or Ohmic heating, is the process by which the passage of an e... | Wikipedia - Glossary of engineering: A–L | null | null | null |
J37 would also appear here as a duplicate (it is a gyrate rhombicuboctahedron). | Wikipedia - Elongation (geometry) | null | null | null |
J48 is an open source Java implementation of the C4.5 algorithm in the Weka data mining tool. | Wikipedia - C5.0 algorithm | null | null | null |
JADE integrates the technology of three software systems:: 1–2 ForMAT (Force Management and Analysis Tool) – a case-based reasoning (CBR) force deployment planning tool that uses past experience (past planned Force modules (FMs)); the tool was developed initially by The MITRE Corporation, and then developed further by ... | Wikipedia - Time Phased Force Deployment Data | null | null | null |
JADE uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology with case-based and generative planning methods to provide the ability to develop large-scale and complex plans in minimal time. JADE is a knowledge-based system that uses highly structured information that takes advantage of data hierarchies. JADE uses dialog initiated... | Wikipedia - JADE (planning system) | null | null | null |
: 1–2 Case-based planning methods (also known as the variant approach) use an existing plan for a similar mission and make the necessary modifications to the plan for the new mission. Generative planning methods build new plans from the mission goals and requirements by means of planning algorithms and the knowledge ba... | Wikipedia - JADE (planning system) | null | null | null |
Force modules (FMs) from previous plans (cases) can be dragged from the case library and dropped onto a geographic destination. To support plan adaption of previous plans or modifications resulting from changing mission requirements, constraint checking against the knowledge base and mission goals causes automatic remi... | Wikipedia - JADE (planning system) | null | null | null |
JADE is a mixed-initiative system, using dialog initiated by both the user (user-initiative) and by the system (system-initiative). The knowledge base supports the development of deployment plans for war and situations other than war. JADE is designed to inter-operate with the Adaptive Course of Action (ACOA) program, ... | Wikipedia - JADE (planning system) | null | null | null |
JAM-3 has been shown to be a primary regulator of the development of spermatids as well as the rest of the male reproductive system. Within the Sertoli cells of the male reproductive system, JAM-3 interacts with JAM-2 to influence the polarity of both round and elongated spermatids. JAM-1 and JAM-2 are also present in ... | Wikipedia - Junctional adhesion molecule | null | null | null |
JAMs play a significant role in many diverse physiological processes within the human body, including: | Wikipedia - Junctional adhesion molecule | null | null | null |
JASCO designs and manufactures small and large ocean monitoring systems. JASCO was responsible for the $9.5M Boundary Pass Underwater Listening Station commissioned by Transport Canada. The listening station is a cabled observatory in the Salish Sea completed in June 2020. | Wikipedia - JASCO Applied Sciences | null | null | null |
JBoss Cache – v 3.0 Ehcache – v 1.6.0-beta4 Clojure – language software transactional memory Apache Jackrabbit Oak == References == | Wikipedia - List of databases using MVCC | null | null | null |
JC3IEDM is produced by the MIP-NATO Management Board (MNMB) and ratified under NATO STANAG 5525. JC3IEDM a fully documented standard for an information exchange data model for the sharing of C2 information. The overall aim of JC3IEDM is to enable "international interoperability of C2 information systems at all levels f... | Wikipedia - JC3IEDM | null | null | null |
Each nation, agency or community of interest is free to expand its own data dictionary to accommodate its additional information exchange requirements with the understanding that the added specifications will be valid only for the participating nation, agency or community of interest. Any addition that is deemed to be ... | Wikipedia - JC3IEDM | null | null | null |
Toward that end, it lays down a common approach to describing the information to be exchanged in a command and control (C2) environment. The structure should be sufficiently generic to accommodate joint, land, sea, and air environmental concerns. The data model describes all objects of interest in the sphere of operati... | Wikipedia - JC3IEDM | null | null | null |
Objects of interest may be generic in terms of a class or a type and specific in terms of an individually identified item. All object items must be classified as being of some type (e.g. a specific tank that is identified by serial number WS62105B is an item of type "Challenger" that is a heavy UK main battle tank). An... | Wikipedia - JC3IEDM | null | null | null |
Thus, a description of capability is needed to give meaning to the value of objects in the sphere of operations. It should be possible to assign a location to any item in the sphere of operations. In addition, various geometric shapes need to be represented in order to allow commanders to plan, direct, and monitor oper... | Wikipedia - JC3IEDM | null | null | null |
Examples include boundaries, corridors, restricted areas, minefields, and any other control measures needed by commanders and their staffs. Several aspects of status of items need to be maintained. | Wikipedia - JC3IEDM | null | null | null |
The model must permit a description of the composition of a type object in terms of other type objects. Such concepts include tables of organizations, equipment, or personnel. | Wikipedia - JC3IEDM | null | null | null |
The model must reflect information about what is held, owned or possessed in terms of types by a specific object item. There is a need to record relationships between pairs of items. Key among these is the specification of unit task organizations and orders of battle. | Wikipedia - JC3IEDM | null | null | null |
The model must support the specification of current, past, and future role of objects as part of plans, orders, and events. The same data structure should be used to record information for all objects, regardless of their hostility status. Provision must be made for the identification of sources of information, the eff... | Wikipedia - JC3IEDM | null | null | null |
JCMsuite relies on the finite element method. Details of the numerical implementation have been published in various contributions, e.g. The performance of the methods has been compared to alternative methods in various benchmarks, e.g. Due to the attainable high numerical accuracy JCMsuite has been used as reference f... | Wikipedia - JCMsuite | null | null | null |
JCTC is ranked number 4 highest in the list of "Physical and Theoretical Chemistry" journals SCImago Journal Rank. JCTC has a weighted rank indicator (SJR) of 2,481 as of the year 2014. To give perspective, the popular multidisciplinary journal Nature (journal) has an SJR factor of 17,313. The journal had an average of... | Wikipedia - Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation | null | null | null |
JDBC drivers are client-side adapters (installed on the client machine, not on the server) that convert requests from Java programs to a protocol that the DBMS can understand. | Wikipedia - Java Database Connectivity | null | null | null |
JDO 1.0: FOStore JDO 2.0: JPOX 1.1 JDO 2.1: JPOX 1.2 JDO 2.2: DataNucleus AccessPlatform 1.0.1 JDO 3.0: DataNucleus AccessPlatform 2.1.0 JDO 3.1: DataNucleus AccessPlatform 3.2.0 JDO 3.2: DataNucleus AccessPlatform 5.2.0 | Wikipedia - Java Data Objects | null | null | null |
JData annotations supports data compression to save space. Several additional keywords are needed, including "_ArrayZipType" - the compression method used, "_ArrayZipSize_" - the dimension vector of the "preprocessed" data stored in the "_ArrayData_" construct before compression, and "_ArrayZipData_" - the compressed d... | Wikipedia - JData | null | null | null |
JFugue, an API for music programming that is designed to support generative and algorithmic music Julia (programming language) (MIT freeware, new, high-level dynamic programming language competing with R (programming language), MATLAB and GNU Octave.) Scala, a program for creating and analysing musical scales Wolfram L... | Wikipedia - Music software | null | null | null |
JMP, an EDA package from SAS Institute. KNIME, Konstanz Information Miner – Open-Source data exploration platform based on Eclipse. Minitab, an EDA and general statistics package widely used in industrial and corporate settings. Orange, an open-source data mining and machine learning software suite. | Wikipedia - Exploratory Data Analysis | null | null | null |
Python, an open-source programming language widely used in data mining and machine learning. R, an open-source programming language for statistical computing and graphics. | Wikipedia - Exploratory Data Analysis | null | null | null |
Together with Python one of the most popular languages for data science. TinkerPlots an EDA software for upper elementary and middle school students. Weka an open source data mining package that includes visualization and EDA tools such as targeted projection pursuit. | Wikipedia - Exploratory Data Analysis | null | null | null |
JPEG XR's design is conceptually very similar to JPEG: the source image is optionally converted to a luma-chroma colorspace, the chroma planes are optionally subsampled, each plane is divided into fixed-size blocks, the blocks are transformed into the frequency domain, and the frequency coefficients are quantized and e... | Wikipedia - HD Photo | null | null | null |
JPEG XR specifies a lossless colorspace transformation, namely YCoCg-R, given (for RGB) by: V = B − R {\displaystyle V=B-R\,} U = G − R − ⌈ V 2 ⌉ {\displaystyle U=G-R-\left\lceil {\frac {V}{2}}\right\rceil } Y = G − ⌈ U 2 ⌉ {\displaystyle Y=G-\left\lceil {\frac {U}{2}}\right\rceil } While JPEG uses 8 × 8 blocks for its... | Wikipedia - HD Photo | null | null | null |
While JPEG uses a single transformation stage, JPEG XR applies its 4 × 4 core transform in a two-level hierarchical fashion within 16 × 16 macroblock regions. This gives the transform a wavelet-like multi-resolution hierarchy and improves its compression capability. The DCT, the frequency transformation used by JPEG, i... | Wikipedia - HD Photo | null | null | null |
JPEG XR uses a type of integer transform employing a lifting scheme. The required transform, called the Photo Core Transform (PCT), resembles a 4 × 4 DCT but is lossless (exactly invertible). In fact, it is a particular realization of a larger family of binary-friendly multiplier-less transforms called the binDCT. | Wikipedia - HD Photo | null | null | null |
JPEG XR allows an optional overlap prefiltering step, called the Photo Overlap Transform (POT), before each of its 4 × 4 core transform PCT stages. The filter operates on 4 × 4 blocks which are offset by 2 samples in each direction from the 4 × 4 core transform blocks. Its purpose is to improve compression capability a... | Wikipedia - HD Photo | null | null | null |
At high bitrates, where such artifacts are typically not a problem, the prefiltering can be omitted to reduce encoding and decoding time. The overlap filtering is constructed using integer operations following a lifting scheme, so that it is also lossless. When appropriately combined, the POT and the PCT in JPEG-XR for... | Wikipedia - HD Photo | null | null | null |
In JPEG, the image DC coefficients of the DCT blocks are predicted by applying DC prediction from the left neighbor transform block, and no other coeffients are predicted. In JPEG XR, 4 × 4 blocks are grouped into macroblocks of 16 × 16 samples, and the 16 DC coefficients from the 4 × 4 blocks of each macroblock are pa... | Wikipedia - HD Photo | null | null | null |
JPEG XR supports the encoding of an image by decomposing it into smaller individual rectangular tile area regions. Each tile area can be decoded independently from the other areas of the picture. This allows fast access to spatial areas of pictures without decoding the entire picture. | Wikipedia - HD Photo | null | null | null |
JPEG XR's entropy coding phase is more adaptive and complex than JPEG's, involving a DC and AC coefficient prediction scheme, adaptive coefficient reordering (in contrast to JPEG's fixed zigzag ordering), and a form of adaptive Huffman coding for the coefficients themselves. JPEG uses a single quantization step size pe... | Wikipedia - HD Photo | null | null | null |
Because all encoding phases except quantization are lossless, JPEG XR is lossless when all quantization coefficients are equal to 1. This is not true of JPEG. JPEG defines a separate lossless mode which does not use the DCT, but it is not implemented by libjpeg and therefore not widely supported.The HD Photo bitstream ... | Wikipedia - HD Photo | null | null | null |
JSIAM has announced that they will be organizing the International Congress on Industrial and Applied Mathematics in 2023 with the Mathematical Society of Japan. | Wikipedia - Japan Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics | null | null | null |
JSON or JavaScript Object Notation, is an open standard format that uses human-readable text to transmit data objects consisting of attribute–value pairs. It is used primarily to transmit data between a server and web application, as an alternative to XML. JSON has been popularized by web services developed utilizing R... | Wikipedia - Semi-structured data | null | null | null |
JSON's basic data types are: Number: a signed decimal number that may contain a fractional part and may use exponential E notation, but cannot include non-numbers such as NaN. The format makes no distinction between integer and floating-point. JavaScript uses IEEE-754 double-precision floating-point format for all its ... | Wikipedia - JSON | null | null | null |
Strings are delimited with double quotation marks and support a backslash escaping syntax. Boolean: either of the values true or false Array: an ordered list of zero or more elements, each of which may be of any type. Arrays use square bracket notation with comma-separated elements. | Wikipedia - JSON | null | null | null |
Object: a collection of name–value pairs where the names (also called keys) are strings. The current ECMA standard states: "The JSON syntax does not impose any restrictions on the strings used as names, does not require that name strings be unique, and does not assign any significance to the ordering of name/value pair... | Wikipedia - JSON | null | null | null |
null: an empty value, using the word nullWhitespace is allowed and ignored around or between syntactic elements (values and punctuation, but not within a string value). Four specific characters are considered whitespace for this purpose: space, horizontal tab, line feed, and carriage return. In particular, the byte ord... | Wikipedia - JSON | null | null | null |
JSON does not provide syntax for comments.Early versions of JSON (such as specified by RFC 4627) required that a valid JSON text must consist of only an object or an array type, which could contain other types within them. This restriction was dropped in RFC 7158, where a JSON text was redefined as any serialized value... | Wikipedia - JSON | null | null | null |
While this allows for numbers of arbitrary precision to be serialized, it may lead to portability issues. For example, since no differentiation is made between integer and floating-point values, some implementations may treat 42, 42.0, and 4.2E+1 as the same number, while others may not. The JSON standard makes no requ... | Wikipedia - JSON | null | null | null |
There is no inherent precision loss in serializing a machine-level binary representation of a floating-point number (like binary64) into a human-readable decimal representation (like numbers in JSON), and back, since there exist published algorithms to do this exactly and optimally.Comments were intentionally excluded ... | Wikipedia - JSON | null | null | null |
JSON-WSP WS-Policy WS-PolicyAssertions WS-PolicyAttachment WS-Discovery WS-Inspection WS-MetadataExchange Universal Description Discovery and Integration (UDDI) WSDL 2.0 Core WSDL 2.0 SOAP Binding Web Services Semantics (WSDL-S) WS-Resource Framework (WSRF) | Wikipedia - List of web service specifications | null | null | null |
JSON→URL exchange in an open ecosystem must be encoded in UTF-8. The encoding supports the full Unicode character set, including those characters outside the Basic Multilingual Plane (U+10000 to U+10FFFF). Unlike JSON, JSON→URL does not define a separate syntax for escaping characters within a string literal. | Wikipedia - JSON→URL | null | null | null |
Such characters are simply composed of one or more percent encoded octets. Numbers in JSON→URL are agnostic with regard to their representation within programming languages. While this allows for numbers of arbitrary precision to be serialized, it may lead to portability issues. For example, since no differentiation is... | Wikipedia - JSON→URL | null | null | null |
JSON→URL implements the JSON data model, however, it does not differentiate between an empty object and an empty array. Instead, it defines an empty composite value as (). | Wikipedia - JSON→URL | null | null | null |
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