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Kahane, H. (1971). Logic and contemporary rhetoric: The use of reasoning in everyday life. Belmont: Wadsworth. | Wikipedia - Informal logic | null | null | null |
Still in print as Nancy Cavender; Howard Kahane (2009). Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric: The Use of Reason in Everyday Life (11th ed.). Cengage Learning. | Wikipedia - Informal logic | null | null | null |
ISBN 978-0-495-80411-6. Scriven, Michael (1976). Reasoning. | Wikipedia - Informal logic | null | null | null |
New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-055882-3. Johnson, R. H. | Wikipedia - Informal logic | null | null | null |
& Blair, J. A. (1977). Logical self-defense. | Wikipedia - Informal logic | null | null | null |
Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson. US Edition. (2006). | Wikipedia - Informal logic | null | null | null |
New York: Idebate Press. Fogelin, R.J. (1978). | Wikipedia - Informal logic | null | null | null |
Understanding arguments: An introduction to informal logic. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich. Still in print as Sinnott-Armstrong, Walter; Fogelin, Robert (2010), Understanding Arguments: An Introduction to Informal Logic (8th ed. | Wikipedia - Informal logic | null | null | null |
), Belmont, California: Wadsworth Cengage Learning, ISBN 978-0-495-60395-5 Stephen N. Thomas (1997). Practical reasoning in natural language (4th ed.). Prentice Hall. | Wikipedia - Informal logic | null | null | null |
ISBN 978-0-13-678269-8. Irving M. Copi; Keith Burgess-Jackson (1996). Informal logic (3rd ed.). | Wikipedia - Informal logic | null | null | null |
Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-229048-7. Woods, John; Irvine, Andrew; Walton, Douglas N. | Wikipedia - Informal logic | null | null | null |
(2004). Argument: Critical Thinking, Logic and the Fallacies. Toronto: Pearson/Prentice Hall. | Wikipedia - Informal logic | null | null | null |
ISBN 978-0-13-039938-0. Groarke, Leo (2004). Good reasoning matters! | Wikipedia - Informal logic | null | null | null |
: a constructive approach to critical thinking (3rd ed.). Toronto: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-541904-7. | Wikipedia - Informal logic | null | null | null |
Douglas N. Walton (2008). Informal logic: a pragmatic approach (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. | Wikipedia - Informal logic | null | null | null |
ISBN 978-0-521-71380-1. Trudy Govier (2009). A Practical Study of Argument (7th ed.). Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-0-495-60340-5. | Wikipedia - Informal logic | null | null | null |
Kahn–Kalai conjecture (Jinyoung Park and Huy Tuan Pham, 2022) Blankenship–Oporowski conjecture on the book thickness of subdivisions (Vida Dujmović, David Eppstein, Robert Hickingbotham, Pat Morin, and David Wood, 2021) Ringel's conjecture on graceful labeling of trees (Richard Montgomery, Benny Sudakov, Alexey Pokrovs... | Wikipedia - Open problem in mathematics | null | null | null |
Kainic acid is utilised in primary neuronal cell cultures and in the acute brain slice preparation to study the physiological effect of excitotoxicity and assess the neuroprotective capabilities of potential therapeutics. Kainic acid is a potent central nervous system excitant that is used in epilepsy research to induc... | Wikipedia - C10H15NO4 | null | null | null |
Kainic acid induces seizures via activation of kainate receptors containing the GluK2 subunit and also through activation of AMPA receptors, for which it serves as a partial agonist. Also, infusion with kainic acid in the hippocampus of animals results in major damage of pyramidal neurons and subsequent seizure activit... | Wikipedia - C10H15NO4 | null | null | null |
Kalai is a quantum computing skeptic who argues that true (classically unattainable) quantum computing will not be achieved because the necessary quality of quantum error correction cannot be reached. Conjecture 1 (No quantum error correction). The process for creating a quantum error-correcting code will necessarily l... | Wikipedia - Gil Kalai | null | null | null |
(In every implementation of quantum error-correcting codes with one encoded qubit, the probability of not getting the intended qubit is at least some δ > 0, independently of the number of qubits used for encoding.) Conjecture 2. A noisy quantum computer is subject to noise in which information leaks for two substantial... | Wikipedia - Gil Kalai | null | null | null |
Conjecture 3. In any quantum computer at a highly entangled state there will be a strong effect of error-synchronization. Conjecture 4. Noisy quantum processes are subject to detrimental noise. | Wikipedia - Gil Kalai | null | null | null |
Kalamos, Anafi, Greece Katskhi pillar, Georgia Levski G., Sofia, Bulgaria Logan Rock, Treen, Cornwall, England Monolithe de Sardières, Sollières-Sardières, France Penyal d'Ifac, Calpe, Valencian Community, Spain Peña de Arcos, Arcos de la Frontera, Andalusia, Spain Peña de los Enamorados, Antequera, Andalusia, Spain (a... | Wikipedia - Monolith | null | null | null |
Kalinga Prize for the Popularization of Science is an award given by UNESCO for exceptional skill in presenting scientific ideas to lay people Klopsteg Memorial Award is presented by the American Association of Physics Teachers and given in memory of the physicist Paul E. Klopsteg Kelvin Prize is awarded by the Institu... | Wikipedia - Physics outreach | null | null | null |
Kaliseptine is a 36 amino acid peptide and contains three disulfide bonds. Kaliseptine shows structural similarities with other sea anemone toxins like Actinia equina K+-channel toxin (AeK), Bunodosoma granulifera K+-channel toxin (BgK) and Stichodactyla helianthus K+-channel toxin (ShK). These toxins can be classified... | Wikipedia - Kaliseptine | null | null | null |
Type I peptide toxins typically consist of 35 to 37 amino acids and show a high rate of homology in amino acid sequence. The residues which are demonstrated to be most essential for potassium channel binding are the adjacent Lys-24 and Tyr-25, which are conserved in all four orthologous peptides. The allosteric effects... | Wikipedia - Kaliseptine | null | null | null |
Kalkitoxin has five chiral centers, one of which is the ring carbon to which the terminal alkene is coordinated, with the remaining four occurring at tertiary carbon atoms along the aliphatic chain originating from the imine nitrogen. The total stereochemistry of natural (+)-kalkitoxin is 3R,7R,8S,10S,2′R. For this det... | Wikipedia - Kalkitoxin | null | null | null |
These methods use NMR to evaluate the spin-spin coupling constants which directly relate to the dihedral angle of the atoms being analyzed, allowing for the determination of chirality. This was used to determine the stereochemistry of chiral centers at C7, C8, and C10. Because C7 and C8 are adjacent stereocenters, thes... | Wikipedia - Kalkitoxin | null | null | null |
This allows for the determination of relative stereochemistry of C8 and C10 to the C9 protons through ] values, so as to relate the relative stereochemistry of C8 to C10. These methods yielded a relative stereochemistry of 7R, 8S, 10S for the aliphatic chain stereocenters. Stereochemistry at C3 was determined by Marfey... | Wikipedia - Kalkitoxin | null | null | null |
Kalman filter An algorithm for estimating an unknown value from a series of approximate measurements. Kelvin–Stokes theorem A theorem in calculus, useful in analytic solutions of problems in electromagnetism. Kilovolt-ampere A unit of apparent power. Kirchhoff's circuit laws The observation that the sum of the currents... | Wikipedia - Glossary of electrical and electronics engineering | null | null | null |
Kalman filter kelvin kinematics Kirchhoff's circuit laws Kirchhoff's equations | Wikipedia - Glossary of civil engineering | null | null | null |
Kalman filter kernel kernel density estimation kurtosis A measure of the "tailedness" of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable. There are different ways of quantifying, estimating, and interpreting kurtosis, but a common interpretation is that kurtosis represents the degree to which the shape of... | Wikipedia - Glossary of probability and statistics | null | null | null |
Kalman filter – Kalman–Yakubovich–Popov lemma – Kelvin–Stokes theorem – Kilovolt-ampere – Kirchhoff's circuit laws – Klystron – Kolmogorov backward equation – | Wikipedia - Index of electrical engineering articles | null | null | null |
Kalman filter, a mathematical technique to estimate the value of a sensor measurement, from a series of intermittent and noisy values. Kinematics, the study of motion, as applied to robots. This includes both the design of linkages to perform motion, their power, control and stability; also their planning, such as choo... | Wikipedia - Glossary of robotics | null | null | null |
Kalman filterIn statistics and control theory, Kalman filtering, also known as linear quadratic estimation (LQE), is an algorithm that uses a series of measurements observed over time, containing statistical noise and other inaccuracies, and produces estimates of unknown variables that tend to be more accurate than tho... | Wikipedia - Glossary of engineering: A–L | null | null | null |
Kelvin–Planck statement(Or the Heat Engine Statement), of the second law of thermodynamics states that it is impossible to devise a cyclically operating heat engine, the effect of which is to absorb energy in the form of heat from a single thermal reservoir and to deliver an equivalent amount of work. This implies that... | Wikipedia - Glossary of engineering: A–L | null | null | null |
Kalmeyer, V.; Laughlin, R. B. (2 November 1987). "Equivalence of the resonating-valence-bond and fractional quantum Hall states". Physical Review Letters. | Wikipedia - Topological phases of matter | null | null | null |
59 (18): 2095–8. Bibcode:1987PhRvL..59.2095K. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.59.2095. | Wikipedia - Topological phases of matter | null | null | null |
PMID 10035416. Wen, X. G.; Wilczek, Frank; Zee, A. (1 June 1989). | Wikipedia - Topological phases of matter | null | null | null |
"Chiral spin states and superconductivity". Physical Review B. 39 (16): 11413–23. | Wikipedia - Topological phases of matter | null | null | null |
Bibcode:1989PhRvB..3911413W. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.39.11413. PMID 9947970. | Wikipedia - Topological phases of matter | null | null | null |
Kalnay, E., and coauthors, 1996: The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project. Bull. Amer. Meteor. | Wikipedia - Meteorological reanalysis | null | null | null |
Soc., 77, 437–471. Kanamitsu, M., W. Ebisuzaki, J. Woolen, S.-K. Yang, J. J. Hnilo, M. Fiorino, and G. L. Potter, 2002: NCEP-DOE AMIP-II Reanalysis (R-2). | Wikipedia - Meteorological reanalysis | null | null | null |
Soc., 83, 1631–1643. Mesinger, F., and coauthors, 2006: North American Regional Reanalysis. Bull. | Wikipedia - Meteorological reanalysis | null | null | null |
Amer. Meteor. Soc., 87, 343–360, http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-87-3-343. | Wikipedia - Meteorological reanalysis | null | null | null |
Uppala, S., and coauthors, 2005: The ERA-40 Re-Analysis. Quart. J. Roy. | Wikipedia - Meteorological reanalysis | null | null | null |
Meteor. Soc., 131, 2961–3012, https://doi.org/10.1256/qj.04.176. Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Hirahara, S., Horányi, A., Muñoz-Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Abdalla, S., Abellan, X., Balsamo, G., Bechtold, P., Biavati, G., Bidlot, J., Bonavita, M., De Ch... | Wikipedia - Meteorological reanalysis | null | null | null |
Q J R Meteorol Soc, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3803. Onogi, K., and coauthors, 2007: The JRA-25 Reanalysis. J. Meteor. | Wikipedia - Meteorological reanalysis | null | null | null |
Soc. Japan, 85, 369–432, https://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj.85.369. Kaspar, F., Niermann, D., Borsche, M., Fiedler, S., Keller, J., Potthast, R., Rösch, T., Spangehl, T., and Tinz, B., 2020: Regional atmospheric reanalysis activities at Deutscher Wetterdienst: review of evaluation results and application examples with a focu... | Wikipedia - Meteorological reanalysis | null | null | null |
Sci. Res., 17, 115–128, https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-17-115-2020. Khatibi, A.; Krauter, S. Validation and Performance of Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 for Solar and Wind Applications. Energies 2021, 14, 882. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14040882 | Wikipedia - Meteorological reanalysis | null | null | null |
Kaluza's original hypothesis was purely classical and extended discoveries of general relativity. By the time of Klein's contribution, the discoveries of Heisenberg, Schrödinger, and de Broglie were receiving a lot of attention. Klein's Nature article suggested that the fifth dimension is closed and periodic, and that ... | Wikipedia - Kaluza–Klein theories | null | null | null |
Combining the previous Kaluza result for U 5 {\displaystyle U^{5}} in terms of electric charge, and a de Broglie relation for momentum p 5 = h / λ 5 {\displaystyle p^{5}=h/\lambda ^{5}} , Klein obtained an expression for the 0th mode of such waves: m U 5 = c q G 1 / 2 = h λ 5 ⇒ λ 5 ∼ h G 1 / 2 c q , {\displaystyle mU^{... | Wikipedia - Kaluza–Klein theories | null | null | null |
Klein's Zeitschrift für Physik article of the same year, gave a more detailed treatment that explicitly invoked the techniques of Schroedinger and de Broglie. It recapitulated much of the classical theory of Kaluza described above, and then departed into Klein's quantum interpretation. Klein solved a Schroedinger-like ... | Wikipedia - Kaluza–Klein theories | null | null | null |
Kaluza–Klein theory Compactification Why 10 dimensions? Kähler manifold Ricci-flat manifold Calabi–Yau manifold Hyperkähler manifold K3 surface G2 manifold Spin(7) manifold Generalized complex manifold Orbifold Conifold Orientifold Moduli space Hořava–Witten domain wall K-theory (physics) Twisted K-theory | Wikipedia - List of string theory topics | null | null | null |
Kam Biu-Liu, a professor at Louisiana State University, has been studying sediment lying at the bottom of coastal lakes and marshes in order to study the frequency and intensity of hurricanes over the past 5,000 years. Since storm surges sweep coastal sands with them as they progress inland, a layer of sand is left beh... | Wikipedia - Tropical cyclone observation | null | null | null |
KamLAND also published an investigation of geologically-produced antineutrinos (so-called geoneutrinos) in 2005. These neutrinos are produced in the decay of thorium and uranium in the Earth's crust and mantle. A few geoneutrinos were detected and these limited data were used to limit the U/Th radiopower to under 60TW.... | Wikipedia - Kamioka Liquid Scintillator Antineutrino Detector | null | null | null |
Kamacite is made up of a repeating unit of α-(Fe, Ni), Fe0.9Ni0.1, in which both iron and nickel have the valence zero (Fe0 and Ni0) as they are metallic native elements commonly found in iron meteorites. Besides trace elements, it is normally considered to be made up of 90% iron and 10% nickel but can have a ratio of ... | Wikipedia - Kamacite | null | null | null |
Kamacite is only stable at temperatures below 723 °C or 600 °C (Stacey and Banerjee, 2012), as that is where iron becomes cool enough to arrange in a body centered crystal structure. Kamacite is also only stable at low pressures as can be assumed because it only forms in the space. | Wikipedia - Kamacite | null | null | null |
Kamacite is primarily associated with meteorites because it needs high temperatures, low pressures and few other more reactive elements like oxygen. Chondrite meteorites can be split into groups based on the chondrules present. There are three major types: enstatite chondrites, carbonaceous chondrites and ordinary chon... | Wikipedia - Kamacite | null | null | null |
Ordinary chondrites are thought to have all originated from three different sources thus they come in three types LL, L, and H; LL stands for Low iron, Low metal, L stands for Low iron abundance, and H is High iron content. All ordinary chondrites contain kamacite in decreasing abundance as you move from H to LL chondr... | Wikipedia - Kamacite | null | null | null |
E chondrites are chondrites which are made primarily of enstatite and only account for 2% of meteorites that fall onto the Earth. E chondrites have an entirely different source rock than that of the ordinary chondrites. In analysis of kamacite in E chondrites it was found that they contain generally less nickel then av... | Wikipedia - Kamacite | null | null | null |
Kamacite meteorites have been found on every continent on Earth and have also been found on Mars. | Wikipedia - Kamacite | null | null | null |
Kamacite starts to form around 723 °C, where iron splits from being face centered to body centered while nickel remains face centered. To accommodate this areas start to form of higher iron concentration displacing nickel to the areas around it which creates taenite which is the nickel end member. | Wikipedia - Kamacite | null | null | null |
Kamacite sulfurization has been done experimentally in laboratory conditions. Sulfurization resulted in three distinct phases: a mono-sulfide solid solution (Fex(Ni,Co)1-xS), a pentlandite phase (Fex(Ni,Co)9-xS8), as well as a P-rich phase. This was done in a lab to construct conditions concurrent with that of the sola... | Wikipedia - Kamacite | null | null | null |
With this information it would be possible to extract information about the thermodynamic, kinetic, and physical conditions of the early solar system. This still remains speculatory as many of the sulfides in meteorites are unstable and have been destroyed. Kamacite also alters to tochilinite (Fe2+· 5-6 (Mg, Fe2+)5S6(O... | Wikipedia - Kamacite | null | null | null |
This is useful for giving clues as to how much the meteorite as a whole has been altered. Kamacite to tochilinite alteration can be seen in petrologic microscopes, scanning electron microscope, and electron microprobe analysis. This can be used to allow researchers to easily index the amount of alteration that has take... | Wikipedia - Kamacite | null | null | null |
Kamil Adamczewski (Poland) Mattheus Miranda (Brazil) Anish Tamse (India) | Wikipedia - Samsung Global Scholarship Program | null | null | null |
Kangaroo reproduction is similar to that of opossums. The egg (still contained in the shell membrane, a few micrometres thick, and with only a small quantity of yolk within it) descends from the ovary into the uterus. There it is fertilised and quickly develops into a neonate. Even in the largest kangaroo species (the ... | Wikipedia - Sexual behavior of kangaroos | null | null | null |
Usually, only one young is born at a time. It is blind, hairless, and only a few centimetres long; its hindlegs are mere stumps; it instead uses its more developed forelegs to climb its way through the thick fur on its mother's abdomen into the pouch, which takes about three to five minutes. | Wikipedia - Sexual behavior of kangaroos | null | null | null |
Once in the pouch, it fastens onto one of the four teats and starts to feed. Almost immediately, the mother's sexual cycle starts again. Another egg descends into the uterus and she becomes sexually receptive. | Wikipedia - Sexual behavior of kangaroos | null | null | null |
Then, if she mates and a second egg is fertilised, its development is temporarily halted. This is known as embryonic diapause, and will occur in times of drought and in areas with poor food sources. Meanwhile, the neonate in the pouch grows rapidly. | Wikipedia - Sexual behavior of kangaroos | null | null | null |
After about 190 days, the baby (joey) is sufficiently large and developed to make its full emergence out of the pouch, after sticking its head out for a few weeks until it eventually feels safe enough to fully emerge. From then on, it spends increasing time in the outside world and eventually, after about 235 days, it ... | Wikipedia - Sexual behavior of kangaroos | null | null | null |
Kangaroos are the only large mammals to use hopping on two legs as their primary means of locomotion. The comfortable hopping speed for a red kangaroo is about 20–25 km/h (12–16 mph), but speeds of up to 70 km/h (43 mph) can be attained over short distances, while it can sustain a speed of 40 km/h (25 mph) for nearly 2... | Wikipedia - Sexual behavior of kangaroos | null | null | null |
Seventy percent of potential energy is stored in the elastic tendons. At slow speeds, it employs pentapedal locomotion, using its tail to form a tripod with its two forelimbs while bringing its hind feet forward. Both pentapedal walking and fast hopping are energetically costly. Hopping at moderate speeds is the most e... | Wikipedia - Sexual behavior of kangaroos | null | null | null |
Kangaroos have a few natural predators. The thylacine, considered by palaeontologists to have once been a major natural predator of the kangaroo, is now extinct. Other extinct predators included the marsupial lion, Megalania and Wonambi. However, with the arrival of humans in Australia at least 50,000 years ago and the... | Wikipedia - Sexual behavior of kangaroos | null | null | null |
Along with dingoes, introduced species such as foxes, feral cats, and both domestic and feral dogs, pose a threat to kangaroo populations. Kangaroos and wallabies are adept swimmers, and often flee into waterways if presented with the option. If pursued into the water, a large kangaroo may use its forepaws to hold the ... | Wikipedia - Sexual behavior of kangaroos | null | null | null |
Kangaroos have developed a number of adaptations to a dry, infertile country and highly variable climate. As with all marsupials, the young are born at a very early stage of development—after a gestation of 31–36 days. At this stage, only the forelimbs are somewhat developed, to allow the newborn to climb to the pouch ... | Wikipedia - Sexual behavior of kangaroos | null | null | null |
When the joey is born, it is about the size of a lima bean. The joey will usually stay in the pouch for about nine months (180–320 days for the Western Grey) before starting to leave the pouch for small periods of time. It is usually fed by its mother until reaching 18 months. | Wikipedia - Sexual behavior of kangaroos | null | null | null |
The female kangaroo is usually pregnant in permanence, except on the day she gives birth; however, she has the ability to freeze the development of an embryo until the previous joey is able to leave the pouch. This is known as embryonic diapause, and will occur in times of drought and in areas with poor food sources. T... | Wikipedia - Sexual behavior of kangaroos | null | null | null |
In addition, the mother is able to produce two different kinds of milk simultaneously for the newborn and the older joey still in the pouch. Unusually, during a dry period, males will not produce sperm, and females will conceive only if enough rain has fallen to produce a large quantity of green vegetation.Kangaroos an... | Wikipedia - Sexual behavior of kangaroos | null | null | null |
This is true in all animal species which have muscles connected to their skeletons through elastic elements such as tendons, but the effect is more pronounced in kangaroos. There is also a link between the hopping action and breathing: as the feet leave the ground, air is expelled from the lungs; bringing the feet forw... | Wikipedia - Sexual behavior of kangaroos | null | null | null |
Studies of kangaroos and wallabies have demonstrated, beyond the minimum energy expenditure required to hop at all, increased speed requires very little extra effort (much less than the same speed increase in, say, a horse, dog or human), and the extra energy is required to carry extra weight. For kangaroos, the key be... | Wikipedia - Sexual behavior of kangaroos | null | null | null |
Kangaroos have a unique three-stage walk where they plant their front legs and tail first, then push off their tail, followed lastly by the back legs. The propulsive force of the tail is equal to that of both the front and hind legs combined and performs as much work as what a human leg walking can at the same speed.A ... | Wikipedia - Sexual behavior of kangaroos | null | null | null |
The tammar's genome was fully sequenced in 2011. The genome of a marsupial such as the kangaroo is of great interest to scientists studying comparative genomics, because marsupials are at an ideal degree of evolutionary divergence from humans: mice are too close and have not developed many different functions, while bi... | Wikipedia - Sexual behavior of kangaroos | null | null | null |
Kangaroos have single-chambered stomachs quite unlike those of cattle and sheep, which have four compartments. They sometimes regurgitate the vegetation they have eaten, chew it as cud, and then swallow it again for final digestion. However, this is a different, more strenuous, activity than it is in ruminants, and doe... | Wikipedia - Kangaroo | null | null | null |
Kanippayyur Shankaran Namboodiripad Jacob de Gelder Isaac Haringhuysen Dirck Jansz van Dam J. van Dam Jan Albertsz van Dam Meyndert van Dam Dirck Rembrantsz van Nierop Pieter Rembrantsz van Nierop Mattheus van Nispen | Wikipedia - Astrological almanac | null | null | null |
Kansanshi mine, near Solwezi in Zambia. Main product copper, by-product gold. Open-pit mine, opened in 2005 Guelb Mohgrein Mine, near Akjoujt, Mauritania. Main product copper, by-product gold. | Wikipedia - First Quantum Minerals | null | null | null |
Open pit mine, opened 2006 Sentinel Mine, a copper mine in north-west Zambia opened to commercial production in 2016 Çayeli mine, a copper/zinc mine in eastern Turkey. This mine was acquired through the take-over of Inmet Mining Corporation, and started production in 1994 Las Cruces mine, a copper mine in Sevilla Provi... | Wikipedia - First Quantum Minerals | null | null | null |
Kansei engineering has always been a statistically and mathematically advanced methodology. Most types require good expert knowledge and a reasonable amount of experience to carry out the studies sufficiently. This has also been the major obstacle for a widespread application of Kansei engineering. In order to facilita... | Wikipedia - Kansei engineering | null | null | null |
There are two different types of software packages available: User consoles and data collection and analysis tools. User consoles are software programs that calculate and propose a product design based on the users' subjective preferences (Kanseis). However, such software requires a database that quantifies the connect... | Wikipedia - Kansei engineering | null | null | null |
For building such databases, data collection and analysis tools can be used. This part of the paper demonstrates some of the tools. There are many more tools used in companies and universities, which might not be available to the public. User consoles | Wikipedia - Kansei engineering | null | null | null |
Kant borrowed the term categories from Aristotle, but with the concession that Aristotle's own categorizations were faulty. Aristotle's imperfection is apparent from his inclusion of "some modes of pure sensibility (quando, ubi, situs, also prius, simul), also an empirical concept (motus), none of which can belong to t... | Wikipedia - Empirical realism | null | null | null |
Kant calls the basic concepts of metaphysics "ideas". They are different from the concepts of understanding in that they are not limited by the critical stricture limiting knowledge to the conditions of possible experience and its objects. "Transcendental illusion" is Kant's term for the tendency of reason to produce s... | Wikipedia - Immanuel Kant | null | null | null |
Kant presents the four antinomies of reason in the Critique of Pure Reason as going beyond the rational intention of reaching a conclusion. For Kant, an antinomy is a pair of faultless arguments in favor of opposite conclusions. Historically, Leibniz and Samuel Clarke (Newton's spokesman) had just recently engaged in a... | Wikipedia - The Critique of Pure Reason | null | null | null |
Kant's formulation of the arguments was affected accordingly.The Ideas of Rational Cosmology are dialectical. They result in four kinds of opposing assertions, each of which is logically valid. The antinomy, with its resolution, is as follows: Thesis: The world has, as to time and space, a beginning (limit). | Wikipedia - The Critique of Pure Reason | null | null | null |
Antithesis: The world is, as to time and space, infinite.Both are false. The world is an object of experience. Neither statement is based on experience.Thesis: Everything in the world consists of elements that are simple. | Wikipedia - The Critique of Pure Reason | null | null | null |
Antithesis: There is no simple thing, but everything is composite.Both are false. Things are objects of experience. Neither statement is based on experience.Thesis: There are in the world causes through freedom. | Wikipedia - The Critique of Pure Reason | null | null | null |
Antithesis: There is no freedom, but all is nature.Both may be true. The thesis may be true of things-in-themselves (other than as they appear). The antithesis may be true of things as they appear.Thesis: In the series of the world-causes there is some necessary being. | Wikipedia - The Critique of Pure Reason | null | null | null |
Antithesis: There is nothing necessary in the world, but in this series all is contingent.Both may be true. The thesis may be true of things-in-themselves (other than as they appear). The antithesis may be true of things as they appear.According to Kant, rationalism came to fruition by defending the thesis of each anti... | Wikipedia - The Critique of Pure Reason | null | null | null |
Kant's teleology has influenced contemporary biological thought, particularly with scientists use of functional language in their characterisation of organism's parts and biological processes. Kant's writing on teleology has impacted contemporary biology as he addressed the problem of how it is possible for organisms t... | Wikipedia - Kant's teleology | null | null | null |
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