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Laser – Leaf spring – Lever – Liability – Life cycle cost analysis – Limit state design – Live axle – Load transfer – Locomotive – Lubrication – | Wikipedia - Index of mechanical engineering articles | null | null | null |
Laser – Leaf spring – Lever – a simple machine consisting of a beam or rigid rod pivoted at a fixed hinge, or fulcrum. A lever amplifies an input force to provide a greater output force, which is said to provide leverage. The ratio of the output force to the input force is the mechanical advantage of the lever. Liabili... | Wikipedia - Glossary of mechanical engineering | null | null | null |
Lasers are used to couple each ion's internal and external motional degrees of freedom. The Coulomb interaction between the two ions couples their motion. This allows the internal state of one ion to be transferred to the other. An auxiliary "logic ion" provides cooling, state preparation, and state detection for the c... | Wikipedia - Quantum logic spectroscopy | null | null | null |
The logic ion is used to sense and control the internal and external state of the spectroscopy ion.The logic ion is selected to have a simple energy level structure that can be directly laser cooled, often an alkaline earth ion. The laser cooled logic ion provides sympathetic cooling to the spectroscopy ion, which lack... | Wikipedia - Quantum logic spectroscopy | null | null | null |
The remaining states are then accessed by driving stimulated Raman spectroscopy transitions with a laser. The light used for driving these transitions is far off-resonant from any electronic transitions. This enables control over the spectroscopy ion's rotational and vibrational state. | Wikipedia - Quantum logic spectroscopy | null | null | null |
Lasker, Emanuel (August 1895). "Metrical Relations of Plane Spaces of n Manifoldness". Nature. 52 (1345): 340–343. | Wikipedia - Emanuel Lasker | null | null | null |
Bibcode:1895Natur..52R.340L. doi:10.1038/052340d0. S2CID 4017358. | Wikipedia - Emanuel Lasker | null | null | null |
Lasker, Emanuel (October 1895). "About a certain Class of Curved Lines in Space of n Manifoldness". Nature. | Wikipedia - Emanuel Lasker | null | null | null |
52 (1355): 596. Bibcode:1895Natur..52..596L. doi:10.1038/052596a0. | Wikipedia - Emanuel Lasker | null | null | null |
S2CID 4016031. Lasker, Emanuel (1901). "Über Reihen auf der Convergenzgrenze ( "On Series at Convergence Boundaries" )". | Wikipedia - Emanuel Lasker | null | null | null |
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A. 196 (274–286): 431–477. Bibcode:1901RSPTA.196..431L. | Wikipedia - Emanuel Lasker | null | null | null |
doi:10.1098/rsta.1901.0009. – Lasker's PhD thesis. Lasker, E. | Wikipedia - Emanuel Lasker | null | null | null |
(1905). "Zur Theorie der Moduln und Ideale". Math. | Wikipedia - Emanuel Lasker | null | null | null |
Ann. 60 (1): 20–116. doi:10.1007/BF01447495. S2CID 120367750. | Wikipedia - Emanuel Lasker | null | null | null |
Laskerian ring A Laskerian ring is a ring in which any ideal has a primary decomposition. length The length of a module is the length of any composition series. linearly disjoint Two subfields of a field extension K over a field k are called linearly disjoint if the natural map from their tensor product over k to the s... | Wikipedia - Embedding dimension | null | null | null |
local localization locally 1. A local ring is a ring with just one maximal ideal. In older books it is sometimes also assumed to be Noetherian. | Wikipedia - Embedding dimension | null | null | null |
2. The local cohomology of a module M is given by the derived functors of direct-limk HomR(R/Ik,M). | Wikipedia - Embedding dimension | null | null | null |
3. The localization of a ring at a (multiplicative) subset is the ring formed by forcing all elements of the mutliplicative subset to be invertible. 4. | Wikipedia - Embedding dimension | null | null | null |
The localization of a ring at a prime ideal is the localization of the multiplicative subset given by the complement of the prime ideal. 5. A ring is called locally integral if it is reduced and the localization at every prime ideal is integral. | Wikipedia - Embedding dimension | null | null | null |
6. A ring has some property locally if its spectrum is covered by spectra of localizations R having the property. lying over property An extension of rings has the lying over property if the corresponding map between their prime spectra is surjective. | Wikipedia - Embedding dimension | null | null | null |
Lassak (2002) showed that every convex set has axiality at least 2/3. This result improved a previous lower bound of 5/8 by Krakowski (1963). The best upper bound known is given by a particular convex quadrilateral, found through a computer search, whose axiality is less than 0.816.For triangles and for centrally symme... | Wikipedia - Axiality (geometry) | null | null | null |
Lasso regularization can be extended to other objective functions such as those for generalized linear models, generalized estimating equations, proportional hazards models, and M-estimators. Given the objective function 1 N ∑ i = 1 N f ( x i , y i , α , β ) {\displaystyle {\frac {1}{N}}\sum _{i=1}^{N}f(x_{i},y_{i},\al... | Wikipedia - Lasso regression | null | null | null |
Lasso variants have been created in order to remedy limitations of the original technique and to make the method more useful for particular problems. Almost all of these focus on respecting or exploiting dependencies among the covariates. Elastic net regularization adds an additional ridge regression-like penalty that ... | Wikipedia - Lasso regression | null | null | null |
Further extensions of group lasso perform variable selection within individual groups (sparse group lasso) and allow overlap between groups (overlap group lasso).Fused lasso can account for the spatial or temporal characteristics of a problem, resulting in estimates that better match system structure. Lasso-regularized... | Wikipedia - Lasso regression | null | null | null |
Last stable and beta versions, help and documentations are available on the developer web site, Martin Theus | Wikipedia - Mondrian data analysis | null | null | null |
Late 5th century BC: Antiphon discovers the method of exhaustion, foreshadowing the concept of a limit. 3rd century BC: Archimedes makes use of infinitesimals. 3rd century BC: Archimedes further develops the method of exhaustion into an early description of integration. 3rd century BC: Archimedes calculates tangents to... | Wikipedia - Scientific breakthrough | null | null | null |
Late Egyptian was spoken for about 650 years, beginning around 1350 BC, during the New Kingdom of Egypt. Late Egyptian succeeded but did not fully supplant Middle Egyptian as a literary language, and was also the language of the New Kingdom administration.Texts written wholly in Late Egyptian date to the Twentieth Dyna... | Wikipedia - Egyptological pronunciation | null | null | null |
Late Egyptian was also the language of New Kingdom administration.Late Egyptian is not completely distinct from Middle Egyptian, as many "classicisms" appear in historical and literary documents of this phase. However, the difference between Middle and Late Egyptian is greater than the difference between Middle and Old... | Wikipedia - Egyptological pronunciation | null | null | null |
The relationship between Middle Egyptian and Late Egyptian has been described as being similar to that between Latin and Italian. Written Late Egyptian was seemingly a better representative than Middle Egyptian of the spoken language in the New Kingdom and beyond: weak consonants ꜣ, w, j, as well as the feminine ending... | Wikipedia - Egyptological pronunciation | null | null | null |
), tꜣ (fem. ), and nꜣ (pl.) were used as definite articles. | Wikipedia - Egyptological pronunciation | null | null | null |
The old form sḏm.n.f (he heard) of the verb was replaced by sḏm-f which had both prospective (he shall hear) and perfective (he heard) aspects. The past tense was also formed using the auxiliary verb jr (make), as in jr.f saḥa.f (he has accused him). Adjectives as attributes of nouns are often replaced by nouns.The Lat... | Wikipedia - Egyptological pronunciation | null | null | null |
Late in 1967, Richman introduced the group to New York-based lawyer Fred Adler, who began canvassing various funding sources for seed capital. By 1968, Adler had arranged a major funding deal with a consortium of venture capital funds from the Boston area, who agreed to provide an initial US$400,000 investment with a s... | Wikipedia - Data General microNOVA | null | null | null |
They had a bit of luck because the Fall Joint Computer Conference had been delayed until December that year, so they were able to bring a working unit to the Moscone Center where they ran a version of Spacewar!. DG officially released the Nova in 1969 at a base price of US$3,995 (equivalent to $31,880 in 2022), adverti... | Wikipedia - Data General microNOVA | null | null | null |
In contrast, an 8/I with 4 kW (6 kB) was priced at US$12,800.The first sale was to a university in Texas, with the team hand-building an example which shipped out in February. However, this was in the midst of a strike in the airline industry and the machine never arrived. They sent a second example, which arrived prom... | Wikipedia - Data General microNOVA | null | null | null |
Latency in optical fiber is largely a function of the speed of light, which is 299,792,458 meters/second in vacuum. This would equate to a latency of 3.33 µs for every kilometer of path length. The index of refraction of most fiber optic cables is about 1.5, meaning that light travels about 1.5 times as fast in a vacuu... | Wikipedia - Latency (engineering) | null | null | null |
In shorter metro networks, higher latency can be experienced due to extra distance in building risers and cross-connects. To calculate the latency of a connection, one has to know the distance traveled by the fiber, which is rarely a straight line, since it has to traverse geographic contours and obstacles, such as roa... | Wikipedia - Latency (engineering) | null | null | null |
Due to imperfections in the fiber, light degrades as it is transmitted through it. For distances of greater than 100 kilometers, amplifiers or regenerators are deployed. Latency introduced by these components needs to be taken into account. | Wikipedia - Latency (engineering) | null | null | null |
Latency is a measure of the time span between the activation of a muscle and its peak EMG value. Latency is used as a means to diagnose disorders of the nervous system such as a herniated disc, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or myasthenia gravis (MG). These disorders may cause a disruption of the signal at the mu... | Wikipedia - Neuromechanics | null | null | null |
The use of EMG to identify nervous systems disorders is known as a nerve conduction study (NCS). Nerve conduction studies can only diagnose diseases on the muscular and nerve level. They cannot detect disease in the spinal cord or the brain. | Wikipedia - Neuromechanics | null | null | null |
In most disorders of the muscle, nerve, or neuromuscular junction, the latency time is increased. This is a result of decreased nerve conduction or electrical stimulation at the site of the muscle. In 50% of patients with cerebral atrophy cases, the M3 spinal reflex latency, was increased and on occasion separated from... | Wikipedia - Neuromechanics | null | null | null |
The separation between the M2 and M3 spinal reflex responses is typically 20 milliseconds, but in patients with cerebral atrophy, the separation was increased to 50 ms. In some cases, however, other muscles can compensate for the muscle suffering from decreased electrical stimulation. In the compensatory muscle, the la... | Wikipedia - Neuromechanics | null | null | null |
Latent class analysis Multidimensional scaling NOMINATE (scaling method) | Wikipedia - Scale analysis (statistics) | null | null | null |
Latent infection has been linked to Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.Individuals with multiple sclerosis show infection rates around 15% lower than the general public. | Wikipedia - Toxoplasmosis | null | null | null |
Latent variable model Item response theory Rasch model Latent class analysis | Wikipedia - Categorical data analysis | null | null | null |
Later in his life Schiller became famous for his attacks on logic in his textbook, Formal Logic. By then, Schiller's pragmatism had become the nearest of any of the classical pragmatists to an ordinary language philosophy. Schiller sought to undermine the very possibility of formal logic, by showing that words only had... | Wikipedia - Conceptual pragmatism | null | null | null |
In this sequel, Logic for Use, Schiller attempted to construct a new logic to replace the formal logic that he had criticized in Formal Logic. What he offers is something philosophers would recognize today as a logic covering the context of discovery and the hypothetico-deductive method. Whereas Schiller dismissed the ... | Wikipedia - Conceptual pragmatism | null | null | null |
This is the view of C. I. Lewis. C. S. Peirce developed multiple methods for doing formal logic. Stephen Toulmin's The Uses of Argument inspired scholars in informal logic and rhetoric studies (although it is an epistemological work). | Wikipedia - Conceptual pragmatism | null | null | null |
Later in the early 2000s researchers started examining the properties of the regions under SINR coverage in the framework of stochastic geometry and, in particular, coverage processes. Connectivity in terms of the SINR was studied using techniques from continuum percolation theory. More specifically, the early results ... | Wikipedia - Stochastic geometry models of wireless networks | null | null | null |
Later mathematicians such as Christiaan Huygens, James Gregory, Guillaume de l'Hôpital, Isaac Barrow, and many others, attempted to find an algebraic solution to the problem, using various methods, including analytic methods of geometry and derivation by complex numbers.An algebraic solution to the problem was finally ... | Wikipedia - Alhazen's problem | null | null | null |
Later medieval Latin had alchimia / alchymia "alchemy", alchimicus "alchemical", and alchimista "alchemist". The mineralogist and humanist Georg Agricola (died 1555) was the first to drop the Arabic definite article al-. In his Latin works from 1530 on he exclusively wrote chymia and chymista in describing activity tha... | Wikipedia - Etymology of chemistry | null | null | null |
As a humanist, Agricola was intent on purifying words and returning them to their classical roots. He had no intent to make a semantic distinction between chymia and alchymia.During the later sixteenth century Agricola's new coinage slowly propagated. It seems to have been adopted in most of the vernacular European lan... | Wikipedia - Etymology of chemistry | null | null | null |
Gessner's work was frequently re-published in the second half of the 16th century in Latin and was also published in a number of vernacular European languages, with the word spelled without the al-.In the 16th and 17th centuries in Europe the forms alchimia and chimia (and chymia) were synonymous and interchangeable. T... | Wikipedia - Etymology of chemistry | null | null | null |
Later, Macfarlane published an article in the Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1900. In it he treats a model for hyperbolic space H3 on the hyperboloid H 3 = { q ∈ M: q ( q ∗ ) = 1 } . {\displaystyle H^{3}=\{q\in M:q(q^{*})=1\}.} This isotropic model is called the hyperboloid model and consists of all t... | Wikipedia - Hyperbolic quaternion | null | null | null |
Later, cryptanalysis of MAA revealed various weaknesses, including feasible brute-force attacks, existence of collision clusters, and key-recovery techniques. For this reason, MAA was withdrawn from ISO standards in 2002 but continued to be used as a prominent case study for assessing various formal methods. | Wikipedia - Message Authenticator Algorithm | null | null | null |
Later, he was professor and chair of engineering science at Brasenose College, University of Oxford where he became interested in the methods that prehistoric peoples used to build megalithic monuments. Thom became especially interested in the stone circles of the British Isles and France and their astronomical associa... | Wikipedia - Alexander Thom | null | null | null |
From around 1933 to 1977 Thom spent most of his weekends and holiday periods hefting theodolites and survey equipment around the countryside with his family member or friends, most notably with his son Archie. From studies measuring and analysing the data created at over five hundred megalithic sites, he attempted to c... | Wikipedia - Alexander Thom | null | null | null |
Lateral connections are connections between neurons in the same layer. There are many of these connections in all areas of the visual system, which means that a neuron representing one piece of the visual field can influence a neuron representing another piece. Even within lateral connections, there are potentially dif... | Wikipedia - Surround suppression | null | null | null |
Monocular mechanisms, requiring stimulation in only one eye, may drive this effect with stimuli with high spatial frequency. When the stimulus frequency is lowered, however, binocular mechanisms come into play, where neurons from different eyes may suppress each other. Model based on this idea have been shown to reprod... | Wikipedia - Surround suppression | null | null | null |
Lateral earth stress theory is used to estimate the amount of stress soil can exert perpendicular to gravity. This is the stress exerted on retaining walls. A lateral earth stress coefficient, K, is defined as the ratio of lateral (horizontal) effective stress to vertical effective stress for cohesionless soils (K=σ'h/... | Wikipedia - Soil Mechanics | null | null | null |
At-rest stress is the lateral stress in the ground before any disturbance takes place. The active stress state is reached when a wall moves away from the soil under the influence of lateral stress, and results from shear failure due to reduction of lateral stress. The passive stress state is reached when a wall is push... | Wikipedia - Soil Mechanics | null | null | null |
Lateral prefrontal cortex, superior parietal cortices The contribution of the lateral prefrontal cortex to working memory has already been recognized in adults. Also, the superior parietal cortex is activated for individual items that have been encountered previously. It has only recently, however, been demonstrated th... | Wikipedia - Childhood memory | null | null | null |
Laterality and movement in visual art includes aspects such as interest, weight, and balance. Many studies have been conducted on the impact of handedness and reading direction on how one perceives a piece of art. Research has been conducted to determine if hemispheric specialization or reading habits affect the direct... | Wikipedia - Art psychology | null | null | null |
Furthermore, hemispheric specialization leads individuals to read from left to right, giving those readers an advantage. Building off of these findings, other researchers studied the idea that individuals who are accustomed to reading in a certain direction (right to left, versus left to right) would then display a bia... | Wikipedia - Art psychology | null | null | null |
Participants were shown images as well as its mirror image, and were asked to indicate which they found more aesthetically pleasing. Overall, results indicate that one's reading directionality impacts one's preference for pictures either with left to right directionality or right to left directionality.In another study... | Wikipedia - Art psychology | null | null | null |
Participants viewed pictures taken from art books that were profiles or human faces and bodies in two blocks. Images were shown to participants as inward or outward facing pairs and then in the opposite orientation. After viewing each pair, participants were asked which image of the pair was more aesthetically pleasing... | Wikipedia - Art psychology | null | null | null |
When looking at the results for handedness, right-handed participants had "left preferences" and non-right-handed participants had "right preferences". These results indicated that "aesthetic preference for facial and bodily profiles is associated primarily with the directionality of acquired reading/writing habits." R... | Wikipedia - Art psychology | null | null | null |
Using kindergarten to college aged participants, researchers tested viewers' aesthetic preference when comparing an original piece of art with its mirror image. The original paintings followed the convention that viewers "read" paintings from left to right; therefore, the patterns of light directed the audience to view... | Wikipedia - Art psychology | null | null | null |
Lateralization may differ between the sexes, with men often being said to have a more lateralized brain. This is often attributed to differences in "left-" and "right-" brained abilities. One factor that contributes support to the idea that there is a sex difference in brain lateralization is that men are more likely t... | Wikipedia - Neuroscience of sex differences | null | null | null |
Latex or fluorescently tagged beads are embedded into elastic substratum where the position of the beads are recorded over time. Cellular forces can be assumed by these displacements. The uncertainty with this method is the interdependence of bead displacement.A more improved technique named flexible sheets with microp... | Wikipedia - Cell biomechanics | null | null | null |
Latin peregrinus > Old French pelegrin (> pilgrim) | Wikipedia - Liquid consonant | null | null | null |
Latinos living in the U.S. report experiencing discrimination because of their language, accent, skin color, facial feature and appearance. There does not seem to be a meta-analysis of studies investigating the connection between discrimination and health, but a review of 33 studies on the topic reveals that perceived ... | Wikipedia - Psychological impact of discrimination on health | null | null | null |
Latrines of herbivores, such as antelopes, play an important role in ecology by providing enrichment of certain areas in nutrients. It is described that duiker and steenbok antelopes tended to defecate in exposed sites, generally on very sandy soil, while klipspringer preferred rocky outcrops, thus enriching the nutrie... | Wikipedia - Animal toilet | null | null | null |
Latte art is a mixture of two colloids: the crema, which is an emulsion of coffee oil and brewed coffee; and the microfoam, which is a foam of air in milk. Milk itself is an emulsion of butterfat in water, while coffee is a mixture of coffee solids in water. Neither of these colloids are stable – crema dissipates from ... | Wikipedia - Latte art | null | null | null |
Latter Day Saint theology also expresses a form of dual-aspect monism via materialism and eternalism, claiming that creation was ex materia (as opposed to ex nihilo in conventional Christianity), as expressed by Parley Pratt and echoed in view by the movement's founder Joseph Smith, making no distinction between the sp... | Wikipedia - Oneness (metaphysics) | null | null | null |
"The LDS conception of matter is "essentially dynamic rather than static, if indeed it is not a kind of living energy, and that it is subject at least to the rule of intelligence. "John A. Widstoe held a similar, more vitalist view, that "Life is nothing more than matter in motion; that, therefore, all matter possess a... | Wikipedia - Oneness (metaphysics) | null | null | null |
Lattice defects, such as point defects, tilt boundaries, or dislocations, create imperfections in crystal architecture and topology. Any disruption to the crystal structure alters the mechanism or degree of molecular movement, thereby changing the mechanical properties of the material. Examples of point imperfections i... | Wikipedia - Crystal engineering | null | null | null |
Lattice field theory was created by Kenneth Wilson in 1974. Simulation techniques were later developed from statistical mechanics.Since the early 1980s, LQCD researchers have pioneered the use of massively parallel computers in large scientific applications, using virtually all available computing systems including tra... | Wikipedia - Computational particle physics | null | null | null |
Lattice gauge theory is a non-perturbative method applicable to strongly interacting technicolor theories, allowing first-principles exploration of walking and conformal dynamics. In 2007, Catterall and Sannino used lattice gauge theory to study SU(2) gauge theories with two flavors of Dirac fermions in the symmetric r... | Wikipedia - Technicolor (physics) | null | null | null |
Lattice gauge theory is also important for the study of quantum triviality by the real-space renormalization group. The most important information in the RG flow are what's called the fixed points. The possible macroscopic states of the system, at a large scale, are given by this set of fixed points. | Wikipedia - Lattice gauge theory | null | null | null |
If these fixed points correspond to a free field theory, the theory is said to be trivial or noninteracting. Numerous fixed points appear in the study of lattice Higgs theories, but the nature of the quantum field theories associated with these remains an open question.Triviality has yet to be proven rigorously, but la... | Wikipedia - Lattice gauge theory | null | null | null |
Lattice misfit strains are also a class of eigenstrains, caused by growing a crystal of one lattice parameter on top of a crystal with a different lattice parameter. Controlling these strains can improve the electronic properties of an epitaxially grown semiconductor. See: strain engineering. | Wikipedia - Eigenstrain | null | null | null |
Lattice parameters of unknown crystal phases can be obtained from X-ray, neutron, or electron diffraction data. Single-crystal diffraction experiments supply orientation matrices, from which lattice parameters can be deduced. Alternatively, lattice parameters can be obtained from powder or polycrystal diffraction data ... | Wikipedia - Crystallographic databases | null | null | null |
Arbitrarily defined unit cells can be transformed to a standard setting and, from there, further reduced to a primitive smallest cell. Sophisticated algorithms compare such reduced cells with corresponding database entries. More powerful algorithms also consider derivative super- and subcells. | Wikipedia - Crystallographic databases | null | null | null |
The lattice-matching process can be further sped up by precalculating and storing reduced cells for all entries. The algorithm searches for matches within a certain range of the lattice parameters. More accurate lattice parameters allow a narrower range and, thus, a better match.Lattice matching is useful in identifyin... | Wikipedia - Crystallographic databases | null | null | null |
The method is particularly important for single-crystalline samples that need to be preserved. If, on the other hand, some or all of the crystalline sample material can be ground, powder diffraction fingerprinting is usually the better option for crystal phase identification, provided that the peak resolution is good e... | Wikipedia - Crystallographic databases | null | null | null |
Lattice tower – Lever – Leaf spring – Limit state design – Linear elasticity – Linear system – Linkage – Live axle – Load – Load factor | Wikipedia - Index of structural engineering articles | null | null | null |
Lattice, or sieve, multiplication is algorithmically equivalent to long multiplication. It requires the preparation of a lattice (a grid drawn on paper) which guides the calculation and separates all the multiplications from the additions. It was introduced to Europe in 1202 in Fibonacci's Liber Abaci. Fibonacci descri... | Wikipedia - Shift-and-add algorithm | null | null | null |
Matrakçı Nasuh presented 6 different variants of this method in this 16th-century book, Umdet-ul Hisab. It was widely used in Enderun schools across the Ottoman Empire. Napier's bones, or Napier's rods also used this method, as published by Napier in 1617, the year of his death. | Wikipedia - Shift-and-add algorithm | null | null | null |
As shown in the example, the multiplicand and multiplier are written above and to the right of a lattice, or a sieve. It is found in Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi's "Arithmetic", one of Leonardo's sources mentioned by Sigler, author of "Fibonacci's Liber Abaci", 2002. During the multiplication phase, the lattice is fi... | Wikipedia - Shift-and-add algorithm | null | null | null |
Lattice-gas cellular automata have been adapted and are still widely used for modeling collective migration in biology. Due to the active nature of biological agents, as well as the viscuous environments cells live in, momentum conservation is not required. Furthermore, agents may die or reproduce, so mass conservation... | Wikipedia - Lattice Gas Automata | null | null | null |
Lattices have some connections to the family of group-like algebraic structures. Because meet and join both commute and associate, a lattice can be viewed as consisting of two commutative semigroups having the same domain. For a bounded lattice, these semigroups are in fact commutative monoids. The absorption law is th... | Wikipedia - Lattice (order) | null | null | null |
By commutativity, associativity and idempotence one can think of join and meet as operations on non-empty finite sets, rather than on pairs of elements. In a bounded lattice the join and meet of the empty set can also be defined (as 0 {\displaystyle 0} and 1 , {\displaystyle 1,} respectively). This makes bounded lattic... | Wikipedia - Lattice (order) | null | null | null |
Launch mass: 486 kg (1,071 lb) Dry mass: 373 kg (822 lb) Fuel: 31 kg (68 lb) of hydrazine for attitude control thrusters; 82 kg (181 lb) of xenon for the NSTAR ion engine Power: 2,500 watts, of which 2,100 watts powers the ion engine Prime contractor: Spectrum Astro, later acquired by General Dynamics, and later sold t... | Wikipedia - Deep Space 1 | null | null | null |
Launch: 14 December 2006 at 21:00:00 UTC Launch vehicle: United Launch Alliance Delta II-7920 launch vehicle Launch site: Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, United States Launch facility: Space Launch Complex 2W Orbit data: not officially available, as spy satellites often change position and do not have regular or... | Wikipedia - USA-193 | null | null | null |
Launched in 2007, Census.ac.uk provided a one-stop gateway to data and support services for users and researchers from higher education and further education in the UK to access census data from the 1971, 1981, 1991 and 2001 censuses. Census.ac.uk built on the work of the Census Registration Service (CRS) project (2001... | Wikipedia - UK Data Archive | null | null | null |
Launched in 2008 as UKDA-store, ESRC Data Store was a self-archiving system for the storage and sharing of primary research data from the social and behavioural sciences. The initial phase was aimed at ESRC award holders, who are required to offer data outputs for sharing under the terms of their award contract.In 2012... | Wikipedia - UK Data Archive | null | null | null |
Launched in December 2012, the portal was formally established by Commission Decision of 12 December 2011 (2011/833/EU) on the reuse of Commission documents to promote accessibility and reuse. Based on this decision, all the EU institutions were invited - and are still today - to publish information such as open data a... | Wikipedia - EU Open Data Portal | null | null | null |
Laurel green is a medium light hue of chartreuish gray similar to asparagus, but lighter. The first recorded use of laurel green as a name of a color in the English language was in 1705. | Wikipedia - Green pigment | null | null | null |
Laurence M. Harwood; Christopher J. Moody; Jonathan M. Percy (1999). Experimental organic chemistry: standard and microscaling. ISBN 9780632048199. John Leonard; B. Lygo; Garry Procter (2 June 1994). Advanced practical organic chemistry. ISBN 9780748740710. | Wikipedia - Recrystallization (chemistry) | null | null | null |
Lavoisier employed the new nomenclature in his Traité élémentaire de chimie (Elementary Treatise on Chemistry), published in 1789. This work represents the synthesis of Lavoisier's contribution to chemistry and can be considered the first modern textbook on the subject. The core of the work was the oxygen theory, and t... | Wikipedia - Antoine Lavoisier | null | null | null |
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