questions stringlengths 37 1.22k | reasoning stringlengths 0 3.56k ⌀ | answers stringlengths 4 138 |
|---|---|---|
What is the term for the direct manipulation of genes for practical purposes?
Here are the choices:
A. genetic engineering
B. genetic cloning
C. genetic testing
D. manual engineering | A: genetic engineering. | |
When both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved in a closed system, the collision is called what?
Here are the choices:
A. a static collision
B. an accidental collision
C. an elastic collision
D. a spontaneous collision | For all collisions in a closed system, momentum is conserved. In some collisions in a closed system, kinetic energy is conserved. When both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved, the collision is called an elastic collision. Most collisions are inelastic because some amount of kinetic energy is converted to potenti... | C: an elastic collision. |
What are the two groups of therian mammals?
Here are the choices:
A. dolphins and whales
B. monotremes and mollusks
C. felines and canines
D. placental mammals and marsupials | Therian mammals are viviparous. They give birth to an embryo or infant rather than laying eggs. The female reproductive system of a therian mammal includes a uterus and a vagina. There are two groups of therian mammals: placental mammals and marsupials. | D: placental mammals and marsupials. |
What is the name of the spacecraft that has performed the closest flyby of uranus?
Here are the choices:
A. centaur 2
B. Mercury 7
C. Zodiac 4
D. voyager 2 | Uranus is so far away that there has been relatively little exploration of the planet. The closest approach was a flyby by Voyager 2 in 1986. Great images have also been taken by the Hubble Space Telescope. | D: voyager 2. |
What is the group of all the eukaryotes that are not fungi, animals, or plants called?
Here are the choices:
A. lizards
B. protists
C. arthropods
D. filamentous | Protists are a group of all the eukaryotes that are not fungi, animals, or plants. As a result, it is a very diverse group of organisms. The eukaryotes that make up this kingdom, Kingdom Protista , do not have much in common besides a relatively simple organization. Protists can look very different from each other. Som... | B: protists. |
What have a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and a photosynthetic organism?
Here are the choices:
A. sponges
B. lichens
C. amphibians
D. crustaceans | farm fungi as a supply of food. Lichens are a symbiotic relationship between a fungus and a photosynthetic organism, usually an alga or cyanobacterium. The photosynthetic organism provides energy derived from light and carbohydrates, while the fungus supplies minerals and protection. Some animals that consume fungi hel... | B: lichens. |
Define motion.
Here are the choices:
A. change of position
B. distance traveled
C. gravitational pull
D. speed of objects | Motion is defined as a change of position. | A: change of position. |
Most tissues regulated by the autonomic nervous system receive both sympathetic and parasympathetic input from?
Here are the choices:
A. postganglionic neurons
B. Chemosensory center
C. peristaltic neurons
D. parasympathetic neurons | A: postganglionic neurons. | |
What is responsible for the development of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria?
Here are the choices:
A. bacterial mutations
B. mosquitoes
C. negative mutations
D. flu shots | Mutations in many bacteria that allow them to survive in the presence of antibiotic drugs. The mutations lead to antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. | A: bacterial mutations. |
Many cancers, as well as autism, are thought to have what component, which is certainly a factor in asthma?
Here are the choices:
A. environmental
B. emotional
C. critical
D. ecological | Does everyone who smokes develop lung cancer? No, of course not. Is it possible to get lung cancer without smoking? Sadly, yes it is. That's not to say there is no relationship between the two: smoking is still the leading cause of lung cancer. But it does suggest that a person's genetic background has a role in this p... | A: environmental. |
The first plants probably evolved from what?
Here are the choices:
A. mould
B. aquatic green algae
C. dry green algae
D. moss | The first plants probably evolved from aquatic green algae. They had male and female reproductive organs. However, they lacked true stems, roots, and leaves. | B: aquatic green algae. |
What is the unit of liquid measurement in the metric system?
Here are the choices:
A. pint
B. liter
C. cylinder
D. gallon | Transition metal ions often involve rearrangements of both d and s electrons. | B: liter. |
Wavelength and frequency are defined in the same way for electromagnetic waves as they are for which other waves?
Here are the choices:
A. sonar
B. mechanical
C. light
D. gravitational | Wavelength and frequency are defined in the same way for electromagnetic waves as they are for mechanical waves. Both properties are illustrated in Figure below . | B: mechanical. |
What covers the body of a fish to help the move their body to swim?
Here are the choices:
A. gelatin
B. scales
C. hairs
D. skin | Fish are covered with scales. Scales are overlapping tissues, like shingles on a roof. They reduce friction with the water. They also provide a flexible covering that lets fish move their body to swim. | B: scales. |
What type of bond forms by unpaired electrons from two atoms "matching up"?
Here are the choices:
A. magnetic bond
B. covalent bond
C. accretion bond
D. reactive bond | You have learned that a covalent bond forms when the electron clouds of two atoms overlap with each other. In a simple H 2 molecule, the single electron in each atom becomes attracted to the nucleus of the other atom in the molecule as the atoms come closer together. An optimum distance, equal to the bond length, is ev... | B: covalent bond. |
When gas pressure-forces are used to move an object the work is done on the object by?
Here are the choices:
A. gravitational pull
B. kinetic energy
C. contracting gas
D. expanding gas | When gas pressure-forces are used to move an object then work is done on the object by the expanding gas. Work can be done on the gas in order to compress it. | D: expanding gas. |
A lymphocyte is the type of which cell involved in an immune system response?
Here are the choices:
A. white brain cell
B. white immunity cell
C. white blood cell
D. red blood cell | A lymphocyte is the type of white blood cell involved in an immune system response. You can see what a lymphocyte looks like, greatly magnified, in Figure below . Lymphocytes make up about one quarter of all white blood cells, but there are trillions of them in the human body. Usually, fewer than half of the body’s lym... | C: white blood cell. |
Most fossils form when a dead organism is buried in what?
Here are the choices:
A. ash
B. soil
C. sand
D. sediment | Most fossils form when a dead organism is buried in sediment. Layers of sediment slowly build up. The sediment is buried and turns into sedimentary rock. The remains inside the rock also turn to rock. The remains are replaced by minerals. The remains literally turn to stone. Fossilization is illustrated in Figure below... | D: sediment. |
What do you call an object that attracts certain materials such as iron?
Here are the choices:
A. magnet
B. neutron
C. electron
D. antenna | A magnet is an object that attracts certain materials such as iron. All magnets have two magnetic poles and a magnetic field over which they exert force. Opposite magnetic poles attract each other, and like magnetic poles repel each other. | A: magnet. |
Coral and the algae living inside of them have what type of relationship, since the algae relies on the coral to stay close to the water's surface?
Here are the choices:
A. peculiar
B. competitive
C. parasitic
D. symbiotic | Corals form large colonies in shallow tropical water. They are confined to shallow water because they have a symbiotic relationship with algae that live inside of them. The algae need sunlight for photosynthesis, so they must stay relatively close to the surface of the water to get enough light. Corals exist only as po... | D: symbiotic. |
Because opposite charges attract, oppositely charged ions attract each other to form what?
Here are the choices:
A. ionic bonds
B. nuclear bonds
C. soluble bonds
D. particle bonds | until all atoms have octets. Because some atoms will lose electrons and some atoms will gain electrons, there is no overall change in the number of electrons, but individual atoms acquire a nonzero electric charge. Those that lose electrons become positively charged, and those that gain electrons become negatively char... | A: ionic bonds. |
A major source of primary pollutants is the burning of oil and coal, which are types of what?
Here are the choices:
A. erosion fuels
B. fossil fuels
C. renewable fuels
D. greenhouse gases | Outdoor air pollution is made of chemical particles. When smoke or other pollutants enter the air, the particles found in the pollution mix with the air. Air is polluted when it contains many large toxic particles. Outdoor air pollution changes the natural characteristics of the atmosphere. Primary pollutants are added... | B: fossil fuels. |
What causes natural ripening in fruit?
Here are the choices:
A. sulfur
B. chloride
C. acid
D. ethylene | D: ethylene. | |
In species with sexual reproduction, each cell of the body has two copies of each what?
Here are the choices:
A. rna strand
B. chromosome
C. dna strand
D. cell | In species with sexual reproduction, each cell of the body has two copies of each chromosome. For example, human beings have 23 different chromosomes. Each body cell contains two of each chromosome, for a total of 46 chromosomes. You can see the 23 pairs of human chromosomes in Figure below . The number of different ty... | B: chromosome. |
On what part of bones would you expect to find cartilage?
Here are the choices:
A. exterior
B. end
C. marrow
D. interior | The adult human skeleton has 206 bones, some of which are named below ( Figure below ). Bones are made up of living tissue. They contain many different types of tissues. Cartilage, a dense connective tissue, is found at the end of bones and is made of tough protein fibers. Cartilage creates smooth surfaces for the move... | B: end. |
Who invented the taxonomic classification system?
Here are the choices:
A. Isaac Newton
B. carl linnaeus
C. gregor mendel
D. Pascal | The Levels of Classification Taxonomy (which literally means “arrangement law”) is the science of naming and grouping species to construct an internationally shared classification system. The taxonomic classification system (also called the Linnaean system after its inventor, Carl Linnaeus, a Swedish naturalist) uses a... | B: carl linnaeus. |
What type of pathogen is responsible for african sleeping sickness?
Here are the choices:
A. Trichinella spiralis
B. trypanosoma
C. salmonella
D. streptococcus | Flagellates have long flagella, or tails. Flagella rotate in a propeller-like fashion, pushing the protist through its environment ( Figure below ). An example of a flagellate is Trypanosoma , which causes African sleeping sickness. | B: trypanosoma. |
How many underlying principles does the science of biology have?
Here are the choices:
A. five
B. eleven
C. three
D. four | Four underlying principles form the basis of biology. They are cell theory, gene theory, homeostasis, and evolution. | D: four. |
What are biochemical compounds, such as fats and oils, that consist of fatty acids and store energy?
Here are the choices:
A. proteins
B. lipids
C. oils
D. tissues | Lipids are biochemical compounds such as fats and oils. They consist of fatty acids, which may saturated or unsaturated. Lipids are used to store energy. They also make up cell membranes. | B: lipids. |
The temperature at which all molecular motion has ceased is called what?
Here are the choices:
A. stopping point
B. absolute zero
C. 0 degrees celcius
D. 0 degrees kelvin | Making Connections: Absolute Zero What is absolute zero? Absolute zero is the temperature at which all molecular motion has ceased. The concept of absolute zero arises from the behavior of gases. Figure 13.9 shows how the pressure of gases at a constant volume decreases as temperature decreases. Various scientists have... | B: absolute zero. |
What term means controlling body temperature within a narrow range from the inside through biochemical or physical means?
Here are the choices:
A. exothermy
B. regulation
C. evaporation
D. endothermy | Both mammals and birds evolved endothermy. Endothermy means controlling body temperature within a narrow range from the inside through biochemical or physical means. For example, on a cold day, an endotherm may produce more body heat by increasing its rate of metabolism. On a hot day, it may give off more heat by incre... | D: endothermy. |
The most important characteristic of extant amphibians is a moist, permeable skin used for this?
Here are the choices:
A. benign respiration
B. avian respiration
C. simple respiration
D. cutaneous respiration | 29.3 Amphibians As tetrapods, most amphibians are characterized by four well-developed limbs, although some species of salamanders and all caecilians are limbless. The most important characteristic of extant amphibians is a moist, permeable skin used for cutaneous respiration. The fossil record provides evidence of amp... | D: cutaneous respiration. |
Fertilized mollusk eggs develop into what?
Here are the choices:
A. larvae
B. shrimp
C. leaf
D. bark | Mollusks reproduce sexually. Most species have separate male and female sexes. Fertilization may be internal or external, depending on the species. Fertilized eggs develop into larvae. There may be one or more larval stages. Each one is different from the adult stage. | A: larvae. |
Proper kidney function is essential for homeostasis of what level, which in turn helps ensure the functioning of enzymes?
Here are the choices:
A. ph
B. calcium
C. oxygen
D. ions | pH Regulation Recall that enzymes lose their three-dimensional conformation and, therefore, their function if the pH is too acidic or basic. This loss of conformation may be a consequence of the breaking of hydrogen bonds. Move the pH away from the optimum for a specific enzyme and you may severely hamper its function ... | A: ph. |
Proteins include 20 common types of what compounds?
Here are the choices:
A. rna acids
B. dna
C. mitochondria
D. amino acids | There are 20 common amino acids in proteins. There are 64 possible codons, more than enough to code for the 20 amino acids. The genetic code is shown in Figure below . To see how scientists cracked the genetic code, go to this link: http://www. dnalc. org/view/16494-Animation-22-DNA-words-are-three-letters-long-. html ... | D: amino acids. |
Isotopes have different number of these in their nuclei?
Here are the choices:
A. neutrons
B. atoms
C. electrons
D. protons | Isotopes have different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei. | A: neutrons. |
What can destroy living cells, produce mutations and cause cancer?
Here are the choices:
A. prismatic rays
B. stingrays
C. gamma rays
D. plasma rays | Gamma rays can destroy living cells, produce mutations, and cause cancer. They can be used to treat cancer by focusing the deadly rays on cancer cells. | C: gamma rays. |
What type of feeders are sponges?
Here are the choices:
A. layer feeders
B. surface feeders
C. bottom feeders
D. filter feeders | Other specialized cells are involved in feeding. Sponges are filter feeders. They filter food out of the water as it flows through them. Sponges pump water into their body through specialized pore cells called porocytes. | D: filter feeders. |
The first consumption of breast milk or formula floods the baby's gastrointestinal tract with what?
Here are the choices:
A. beneficial bacteria
B. nerves
C. enzymes
D. hemoglobin | Gastrointestinal and Urinary Adjustments In adults, the gastrointestinal tract harbors bacterial flora—trillions of bacteria that aid in digestion, produce vitamins, and protect from the invasion or replication of pathogens. In stark contrast, the fetal intestine is sterile. The first consumption of breast milk or form... | A: beneficial bacteria. |
Weight refers to what force acting on a mass?
Here are the choices:
A. solar
B. gravitational
C. magnetic
D. electronic | The terms mass and weight, while often used interchangeably, are technically different terms. Mass is the quantity of inertia possessed by an object. Weight refers to the gravitational force acting on a mass, as measured on a scale. On the surface of the earth, the numerical values of mass and the corresponding force o... | B: gravitational. |
Being exposed to sunlight will produce what vitamin in the skin?
Here are the choices:
A. Vitamin E
B. B-complex
C. vitamin A
D. vitamin d | Some vitamins are produced in the body. For example, vitamin D is made in the skin when it is exposed to sunlight. Vitamins B 12 and K are produced by bacteria that normally live inside the body. Most other vitamins must come from foods. Foods that are good sources of vitamins include whole grains, vegetables, fruits, ... | D: vitamin d. |
Modern plants reflect what kind of changes that have occurred over many, many years?
Here are the choices:
A. evolutionary changes
B. unknown changes
C. tissue changes
D. tendency changes | The types of living plants today reflect the evolutionary past of the plant kingdom. From tiny nonvascular mosses to large flowering and fruiting trees, there are modern plants that represent each of the major evolutionary changes that occurred in this important eukaryotic kingdom. | A: evolutionary changes. |
What device measures current that flows through wire?
Here are the choices:
A. resistor attachment
B. Geiger counter
C. ammeter
D. protractor | The device in the circuit in Figure above is an ammeter. It measures the current that flows through the wire. The faster the magnet or coil moves, the greater the amount of current that is produced. If more turns were added to the coil, this would increase the strength of the magnetic field as well. If the magnet were ... | C: ammeter. |
In science, what is defined as a change in position?
Here are the choices:
A. motion
B. gravity
C. direction
D. speed | In science, motion is defined as a change in position. An object’s position is its location. Besides the wings of the hummingbird in the opening image, you can see other examples of motion in the Figure below . In each case, the position of something is changing. | A: motion. |
What makes up the core of the endoskeleton?
Here are the choices:
A. thorax
B. notochord
C. vertebral column
D. dermis | The main distinguishing feature of vertebrates is their vertebral column, or backbone (see Figure below ). The backbone runs from the head to the tail along the dorsal (top) side of the body. The vertebral column is the core of the endoskeleton. It allows a vertebrate to hold its shape. It also houses and protects the ... | C: vertebral column. |
The bottom of the ocean is called what?
Here are the choices:
A. Final zone
B. Intertidal zone
C. Demersal zone
D. the benthic zone | The bottom of the ocean is called the benthic zone. It includes the sediments on the bottom of the ocean and the water just above it. Organisms living in this zone include clams and crabs. They may be few in number due to relatively scarce nutrients in this zone. | D: the benthic zone. |
Made of hot, solid rock, the mantle is beneath what layer of the earth?
Here are the choices:
A. volcanic
B. liquid
C. core
D. crust | Beneath the crust is the mantle . The mantle is made of hot, solid rock. They know this because of seismic waves, meteorites, and the heat that comes from inside the planet. Mantle rock is mostly peridotite , which is rich in iron and magnesium ( Figure below ). Peridotite is rare at Earth's surface. | D: crust. |
What happens to the volume of the gas when temperature increases but amount of gas and its pressure are constant?
Here are the choices:
A. volume decreases
B. volume remains constant
C. volume increases
D. nothing | There are other measurable characteristics of a gas. One of them is temperature (T). Perhaps one can vary the temperature of a gas sample and note what effect it has on the other properties of the gas. Early scientists did just this, discovering that if the amount of a gas and its pressure are kept constant, then chang... | C: volume increases. |
Meiosis, like mitosis, is preceded by the duplication of what?
Here are the choices:
A. chromosomes
B. chloroforms
C. ribosomes
D. neutrons | A: chromosomes. | |
The invention of what instrument in the 1930s allowed scientists to see viruses for the first time?
Here are the choices:
A. magnifying glass
B. telescopes
C. spy glass
D. electron microscope | Scientists did not actually see viruses for the first time until the 1930s. That’s when the electron microscope was invented. In 1915, English bacteriologist Frederick Twort discovered bacteriophage , the viruses that attack bacteria. He noticed tiny clear spots within bacterial colonies, and hypothesized that somethin... | D: electron microscope. |
What is the name of the chart that allows you to easily determine the expected percentage of different genotypes in the offspring of two parents?
Here are the choices:
A. periodic square
B. punnett square
C. Trafalgar Square
D. DNA helix | A Punnett square is a chart that allows you to easily determine the expected percentage of different genotypes in the offspring of two parents. An example of a Punnett square for pea plants is shown in Figure below . In this example, both parents are heterozygous for flower color ( Bb ). The gametes produced by the mal... | B: punnett square. |
What is the functional unit of compact bone?
Here are the choices:
A. scleroprotein
B. spongin
C. collagen
D. osteon | Compact bone makes up the dense outer layer of bone. Its functional unit is the osteon . Compact bone is very hard and strong. | D: osteon. |
Because the nuclei of each h atom contain protons, the electrons in the bond are attracted to the nuclei (opposite charges attract). but because the two atoms involved in the covalent bond are both h atoms, each nucleus attracts the electrons by the same amount. thus the electron pair is equally shared by these?
Here a... | Because the nuclei of each H atom contain protons, the electrons in the bond are attracted to the nuclei (opposite charges attract). But because the two atoms involved in the covalent bond are both H atoms, each nucleus attracts the electrons by the same amount. Thus the electron pair is equally shared by the two atoms... | A: two atoms. |
What is the term for when the phenotype of offspring is partly determined by the phenotype of its mother, irrespective of genotype?
Here are the choices:
A. uterine effect
B. maternal effect
C. congenital effect
D. oceanic effect | Gap genes themselves are under the effect of maternal effect genes, such as bicoid and nanos. Gap genes also regulate each other to achieve their precise striped expression patterns. The maternal effect is when the phenotype of offspring is partly determined by the phenotype of its mother, irrespective of genotype. Thi... | B: maternal effect. |
Natural methods of asexual reproduction, such as cuttings or budding, include strategies that plants have developed to perform what?
Here are the choices:
A. multi-propagation
B. self-propagation
C. mono-propagation
D. iso-propagation | Natural Methods of Asexual Reproduction Natural methods of asexual reproduction include strategies that plants have developed to self-propagate. Many plants—like ginger, onion, gladioli, and dahlia—continue to grow from buds that are present on the surface of the stem. In some plants, such as the sweet potato, adventit... | B: self-propagation. |
Many metals react with acids to produce what gas?
Here are the choices:
A. mercury
B. helium
C. neon
D. hydrogen | Many metals react with acids to produce hydrogen gas. A certain reaction produces 86.5 L of hydrogen gas at STP. How many moles of hydrogen were produced?. | D: hydrogen. |
What is the process of a cell membrane surrounding a particle and engulfing it calles?
Here are the choices:
A. ingestion
B. mitosis
C. active transport
D. phagocytosis | Figure 5.20 In phagocytosis, the cell membrane surrounds the particle and engulfs it. (credit: Mariana Ruiz Villareal). | D: phagocytosis. |
What type of rocks are very useful for determining the deformation history of an area?
Here are the choices:
A. limestone
B. crystalline
C. igneous
D. sedimentary | Sedimentary rocks are very useful for determining the deformation history of an area. | D: sedimentary. |
What is the term for dating a rock based on composition decay?
Here are the choices:
A. carbon dating
B. radioactive dating
C. fuel dating
D. safe dating | There are other forms of radioactive dating. Rocks, for example, can sometimes be dated based on the decay of 238 U . The decay series for 238 U ends with 206 Pb , so that the ratio of these nuclides in a rock is an indication of how long it has been since the rock solidified. The original composition of the rock, such... | B: radioactive dating. |
What is the term for a very rapid motor response that is not directed by the brain?
Here are the choices:
A. adaptation
B. sensor
C. instinct
D. reflex | The somatic nervous system also controls some unconscious movements called reflexes. A reflex is a very rapid motor response that is not directed by the brain. In a reflex, nerve impulses travel to and from the spinal cord in a reflex arc, like the one in Figure below . In this example, the person jerks his hand away f... | D: reflex. |
Crossover occurs between non-sister chromatids of which chromosomes?
Here are the choices:
A. identical chromosomes
B. homologous
C. analogous
D. compound chromosomes | Figure 11.3 Crossover occurs between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes. The result is an exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes. | B: homologous. |
Water is an oxide of what element?
Here are the choices:
A. hydrogen
B. carbon
C. nitrogen
D. helium | Carbon dioxide is an oxide of carbon, while water is an oxide of hydrogen. Early scientists viewed oxidation as a process in which a substance was reacted with oxygen to produce one or more oxides. In the previous examples, magnesium and methane are being oxidized. | A: hydrogen. |
What term is used to describe the parts of the brain involved in the reception and interpretation of sensory stimuli collectively?
Here are the choices:
A. glial cells
B. medulla oblongata
C. sensorium
D. neurons | Sensorium Those parts of the brain involved in the reception and interpretation of sensory stimuli are referred to collectively as the sensorium. The cerebral cortex has several regions that are necessary for sensory perception. From the primary cortical areas of the somatosensory, visual, auditory, and gustatory sense... | C: sensorium. |
Experiments show that each o2 molecule has two unpaired what?
Here are the choices:
A. quarks
B. electrons
C. neutrons
D. protons | Experiments show that each O2 molecule has two unpaired electrons. The Lewis-structure model does not predict the presence of these two unpaired electrons. Unlike oxygen, the apparent weight of most molecules decreases slightly in the presence of an inhomogeneous magnetic field. Materials in which all of the electrons ... | B: electrons. |
Acidity is measured by what physical property?
Here are the choices:
A. ps
B. kω
C. amp
D. ph | A solution is a mixture of two or more substances that has the same composition throughout. Some solutions are acids, some are bases. | D: ph. |
Antacids are bases that neutralize what in the digestive tract?
Here are the choices:
A. acids
B. hormones
C. fats
D. salts | Antacids are bases that neutralize acids in the digestive tract. Magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH)2] is one such antacid. It reacts with hydrochloric acid in the stomach according to the following reaction: Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + 2H2O How many grams of HCl can a 200 mg dose of Mg(OH)2 neutralize?. | A: acids. |
What is the climate of a small area called?
Here are the choices:
A. biome
B. microclimate
C. microevolution
D. ecosystem | Climate conditions in a small area may be different from those of the surroundings. The climate of the small area is called a microclimate . The microclimate of a valley may be cool relative to its surroundings since cold air sinks. The ground surface may be hotter or colder than the air a few feet above it. This is be... | B: microclimate. |
The rate of what process depends on how many of an organism’s genes have changed over a period of time and on the generation time of a particular species?
Here are the choices:
A. photosynthesis
B. evolution
C. digestion
D. respiration | The rate of evolution depends on how many of an organism’s genes have changed over a period of time. Evolution is usually so gradual that we do not see the change for many, many generations. The rate of evolution also depends on the generation time of a particular species. | B: evolution. |
The sticky stigma at the tip of the carpel receives what?
Here are the choices:
A. salt
B. pollen
C. nitrogen
D. bacteria | B: pollen. | |
Are the joints between the vertebrae contained in your backbone fully movable, partially movable, or unmovable?
Here are the choices:
A. partially movable
B. none of these
C. unmovable
D. fully movable | Partly movable joints allow only a little movement. Your backbone has partly movable joints between the vertebrae ( Figure below ). | A: partially movable. |
Which branch of biology uses fossils to study life's history?
Here are the choices:
A. zoology
B. geology
C. paleontology
D. morphology | Paleontology, another branch of biology, uses fossils to study life’s history (Figure 1.12). Zoology and botany are the study of animals and plants, respectively. Biologists can also specialize as biotechnologists, ecologists, or physiologists, to name just a few areas. Biotechnologists apply the knowledge of biology t... | C: paleontology. |
What do you call prokaryotes that do not need oxygen for respiration?
Here are the choices:
A. enzymatic
B. anaerobic
C. chloroflexus
D. aerobic | Anaerobic prokaryotes do not need oxygen. They use fermentation or other methods of respiration that don’t require oxygen. In fact, some cannot tolerate oxygen. An example is a bacterium that infects wounds and kills tissues, causing a condition called gangrene. | B: anaerobic. |
When a glacier no longer moves, what is it called?
Here are the choices:
A. an iceberg
B. a glacial lake
C. an ice sheet
D. an ice cylinder | Glaciers are melting back in many locations around the world. When a glacier no longer moves, it is called an ice sheet. This usually happens when it is less than 0.1 km2 in area and 50 m thick. | C: an ice sheet. |
What did roots evolve from that plants used for aborption?
Here are the choices:
A. oomycetes
B. seeds
C. rhizoids
D. leguminous | Roots are vascular organs that can penetrate soil and even rock. They absorb water and minerals from soil and carry them to leaves. They also anchor a plant in the soil. Roots evolved from rhizoids, which nonvascular plants had used for absorption. | C: rhizoids. |
Although lots of symbiotic relationships help both organisms, sometimes one of the organisms is harmed. when that happens, the organism that benefits, and is not harmed, is called a what?
Here are the choices:
A. infection
B. parasite
C. viruses
D. child | Although lots of symbiotic relationships help both organisms, sometimes one of the organisms is harmed. When that happens, the organism that benefits, and is not harmed, is called a parasite . This type of relationship is known as parasitism. | B: parasite. |
What are named for major physical or climatic features and for their predominant vegetation?
Here are the choices:
A. celestial bodies
B. geological formations
C. terrestrial biomes
D. terrestrial substrates | C: terrestrial biomes. | |
Similarity of crystal structures is used to categorize what non-living materials?
Here are the choices:
A. salts
B. corals
C. grains
D. minerals | Mineralogists are scientists who study minerals. They divide minerals into groups based on chemical composition. Even though there are over 4,000 minerals, most minerals fit into one of eight mineral groups. Minerals with similar crystal structures are grouped together. | D: minerals. |
Diabetes is a non-infectious disease in which the body is unable to control the amount of what in the blood?
Here are the choices:
A. water
B. protein
C. plasma
D. sugar | Diabetes is a non-infectious disease in which the body is unable to control the amount of sugar in the blood. People with diabetes have high blood sugar, either because their bodies do not produce enough insulin, or because their cells do not respond to insulin. Insulin is a hormone that helps cells take up sugar from ... | D: sugar. |
All living organisms are classified into one of six broad categories called what?
Here are the choices:
A. tribes
B. cities
C. nobles
D. kingdoms | The level of biodiversity found in the fossil record suggests that the last few million years include the period of greatest biodiversity in the Earth's history. However, not all scientists support this view, since there is a lot of uncertainty as to how strongly the fossil record is biased by the greater availability ... | D: kingdoms. |
What is the most common type of cancer in adult males?
Here are the choices:
A. prostate cancer
B. liver cancer
C. lung cancer
D. stomach cancer | Cancer is usually found in adults, especially in adults over the age of 50. The most common type of cancer in adult males is cancer of the prostate gland. The prostate gland is part of the male reproductive system. Prostate cancer makes up about one third of all cancers in men. The most common type of cancer in adult f... | A: prostate cancer. |
What occurs when an unstable nucleus emits an alpha particle and energy?
Here are the choices:
A. alpha radition
B. radar decay
C. alpha decay
D. nucleus decay | Alpha decay occurs when an unstable nucleus emits an alpha particle and energy. The diagram in Figure below represents alpha decay. An alpha particle contains two protons and two neutrons, giving it a charge of +2. A helium nucleus has two protons and two neutrons, so an alpha particle is represented in nuclear equatio... | C: alpha decay. |
What molecule can be used by the body to synthesize cholesterol ?
Here are the choices:
A. ethylene coa
B. acetyl coa
C. chloride coa
D. hydroxide coa | Because of the link between high levels of cholesterol and heart disease, it is commonly seen by the general public as a “bad” molecule. However, cholesterol plays a vital role in the body, as both a structural component of cell membranes and a metabolic precursor to various steroid hormones. Only about 30% of the chol... | B: acetyl coa. |
Full siblings share how many genes with each other?
Here are the choices:
A. half
B. 100%
C. 25%
D. 75% | A: half. | |
Which highly valuable substance found in jewelry has a density of about 19 g/cm^3?
Here are the choices:
A. gold
B. rubies
C. silver
D. diamonds | Samples that are the same size, but have different densities, will have different masses. Gold has a density of about 19 g/cm 3 . Pyrite has a density of only about 5 g/cm 3 . Quartz is even less dense than pyrite, and has a density of 2.7 g/cm 3 . If you picked up a piece of pyrite and a piece of quartz that were the ... | A: gold. |
Sperm propel themselves through secretions in the uterus and enter what tube?
Here are the choices:
A. fallopian
B. ovarian
C. uterine
D. gaseous | A day or two after an ovary releases an egg, the egg may unite with a sperm. Sperm are deposited in the vagina during sexual intercourse. They propel themselves through secretions in the uterus and enter a fallopian tube. This is where fertilization normally takes place. | A: fallopian. |
What type of minerals are often found where seas once covered the land?
Here are the choices:
A. crystals
B. magnesium
C. sea salt
D. carbonate | Carbonate minerals are often found where seas once covered the land. Some carbonate minerals are very common. Calcite contains calcium, carbon, and oxygen. Have you ever been in a limestone cave or seen a marble tile? Calcite is in both limestone and marble. Azurite and malachite are also carbonate minerals. They conta... | D: carbonate. |
How many amino acids generally consist in protien?
Here are the choices:
A. 67 or more
B. 7 or more
C. 100 or more
D. 13 or more | A polypeptide is a sequence of amino acids between ten and one hundred in length. A protein is a peptide that is greater than one hundred amino acids in length. Proteins are very prevalent in living organisms. Hair, skin, nails, muscles, and the hemoglobin in red blood cells are some of the important parts of your body... | C: 100 or more. |
Rain, snow, sleet, and hail are all examples of what?
Here are the choices:
A. precipitation
B. temperature
C. erosion
D. liquids | A: precipitation. | |
Where would you find most pollution of ocean water?
Here are the choices:
A. trenches
B. midocean
C. coastline
D. poles | Ocean water is most polluted along coasts. That’s because pollution usually enters the water from land. Oil spills also pollute ocean water. | C: coastline. |
Water can be a solid, liquid, and what other form?
Here are the choices:
A. ooze
B. gas
C. plasma
D. square | Water can be a solid, liquid, or a gas. | B: gas. |
What happens to a species when all of the individuals die out or evolve into a different species?
Here are the choices:
A. depletion
B. accumulation
C. selection
D. extinction | Species go extinct when all of the individuals die out or evolve into a different species. | D: extinction. |
The viscosity of a liquid is a measure of what?
Here are the choices:
A. ability to absorb flow
B. adaptability to surroundings
C. resistance to change form
D. resistance to flow | When you pour a glass of water, or fill a car with gasoline, you observe that water and gasoline flow freely. But when you pour syrup on pancakes or add oil to a car engine, you note that syrup and motor oil do not flow as readily. The viscosity of a liquid is a measure of its resistance to flow. Water, gasoline, and o... | D: resistance to flow. |
How is energy expressed when it is released in a chemical reaction?
Here are the choices:
A. as a positive number
B. as an equation
C. as a percentage
D. as negative number | When energy is released in a chemical reaction or process, that energy is expressed as a negative number. Figure below shows electron affinities in kJ/mol for the main group elements. | D: as negative number. |
What is the term for a structure within the cytoplasm that performs a specific job in the cell?
Here are the choices:
A. nucleolus
B. vacuole
C. molecule
D. organelle | Eukaryotic cells also contain other organelles besides the nucleus. An organelle is a structure within the cytoplasm that performs a specific job in the cell. Organelles called mitochondria, for example, provide energy to the cell, and organelles called vacuoles store substances in the cell. Organelles allow eukaryotic... | D: organelle. |
What part of a mature plant cell is responsible for storing substances like water, enzymes, and salts?
Here are the choices:
A. large vacuole
B. central vacuole
C. second vacuole
D. little vacuole | Most mature plant cells have a large central vacuole . This vacuole can make up as much as 90% of the cell’s volume. The central vacuole has a number of functions, including storing substances such as water, enzymes, and salts. It also helps plant tissues, such as stems and leaves, stay rigid and hold their shape. It e... | B: central vacuole. |
Whereas each cell shares the same genome and dna sequence, each cell does not turn on, or express, the same set of what?
Here are the choices:
A. balls
B. babies
C. eggs
D. genes | Introduction Each somatic cell in the body generally contains the same DNA. A few exceptions include red blood cells, which contain no DNA in their mature state, and some immune system cells that rearrange their DNA while producing antibodies. In general, however, the genes that determine whether you have green eyes, b... | D: genes. |
In biology, what is required for ecosystems to survive?
Here are the choices:
A. space
B. minerals
C. energy
D. helium | In biology, energy is required for ecosystems to survive, as all living organisms need energy. Within an organism, energy is needed for growth and development of a biological cell or an organelle within that cell. Energy is also needed for all biochemical reactions within that cell. Therefore, energy is stored within c... | C: energy. |
Because glucose is a major cellular fuel, starch represents a supply of what?
Here are the choices:
A. energy
B. oxygen
C. carbon
D. hydrogen | A: energy. | |
Seed plants that produce seeds in the ovaries of their flowers are known as what?
Here are the choices:
A. conifers
B. angiosperms
C. gymnosperms
D. spores | Angiosperms are seed plants that produce seeds in the ovaries of flowers. Today, they are by far the most diverse type of seed plants. In fact, the vast majority of all modern plants are angiosperms. There are hundreds of thousands of species of them. The apple tree in Figure below is an example of a common angiosperm. | B: angiosperms. |
Which blood vessels is oxygen transferred through?
Here are the choices:
A. veins
B. arteries
C. capillaries
D. cilia | Of the 23 pairs of human chromosomes, 22 pairs are autosomes (numbers 1–22 in Figure above ). Autosomes are chromosomes that contain genes for characteristics that are unrelated to sex. These chromosomes are the same in males and females. The great majority of human genes are located on autosomes. At the link below, yo... | C: capillaries. |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.