questions stringlengths 37 1.22k | reasoning stringlengths 0 3.56k ⌀ | answers stringlengths 4 138 |
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Foliation, which forms layers in rocks during metamorphism, is caused by what?
Here are the choices:
A. power
B. Pulling
C. push
D. pressure | During metamorphism a rock may change chemically. Ions move and new minerals form. The new minerals are more stable in the new environment. Extreme pressure may lead to physical changes like foliation . Foliation forms as the rocks are squeezed. If pressure is exerted from one direction, the rock forms layers. This is ... | D: pressure. |
What type of compounds tend to have high melting points and boiling points?
Here are the choices:
A. ionic
B. particle
C. liquid
D. soluble | Ionic compounds tend to have high melting points and boiling points. | A: ionic. |
What is the molten material deep within the earth?
Here are the choices:
A. crystals
B. lava
C. magma
D. volcanic mass | Cooling and forming crystals. Deep within the Earth, temperatures can get hot enough to melt rock. This molten material is called magma. As it cools, crystals grow, forming an igneous rock. The crystals will grow larger if the magma cools slowly, as it does if it remains deep within the Earth. If the magma cools quickl... | C: magma. |
Objects in motion that return to the same position after a fixed period of time are said to be in what type of motion?
Here are the choices:
A. curving
B. dynamic
C. circular
D. harmonic | Objects in motion that return to the same position after a fixed period of time are said to be in harmonic motion. Objects in harmonic motion have the ability to transfer some of their energy over large distances. They do so by creating waves in a medium. Imagine pushing up and down on the surface of a bathtub filled w... | D: harmonic. |
What function of the car is affected by the pedal that controls the amount of gas the engine gets?
Here are the choices:
A. acceleration
B. braking
C. shifting
D. transmission | The car pedal on the right controls the amount of gas the engine gets. How does this affect the car’s acceleration?. | A: acceleration. |
An atom that gains or loses electrons is called what?
Here are the choices:
A. quark
B. isotope
C. ion
D. photon | An atom that gains or loses electrons is an ion. | C: ion. |
What do you require to test a hypothesis?
Here are the choices:
A. conclusion
B. estimates
C. opinion
D. data | Testing a hypothesis requires data. Data can be gathered by observations or by experiments. | D: data. |
The first law of thermodynamics deals with the total amount of energy in what?
Here are the choices:
A. universe
B. springs
C. organism
D. galaxy | Only radioactive isotopes have half-lives. | A: universe. |
What type of vehicles is able to go to the deepest ocean floor?
Here are the choices:
A. remote-control vehicles
B. all-terrain vehicles
C. off road vehicles
D. autonomous controlled airplanes | Today, remote-control vehicles, called remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) go to the deepest ocean floor. They don’t have any people on board. However, they carry devices that record many measurements. They also collect sediments and take photos. | A: remote-control vehicles. |
What is the turning effectiveness of a force?
Here are the choices:
A. intake
B. gravitational pull
C. torque
D. velocity | • Torque is the turning effectiveness of a force. In this case, because F is perpendicular to r , torque is simply we multiply both sides of the equation above by r , we get torque on the left-hand side. That is, rF = mr 2α. | C: torque. |
What are the 3 orders of amphibians?
Here are the choices:
A. monotremata, artiodactyla, rodentia
B. hagfish, lampreys, acanthodii
C. bees, caddisflies, antilions
D. frogs, salamanders, caecilians | There are only about 6200 known species of amphibians. They are placed in three orders: frogs, salamanders, and caecilians. Table below shows a picture of an amphibian in each order. It also provides additional information about the orders. | D: frogs, salamanders, caecilians. |
The sum of the pressures of the hydrogen and the water vapor is equal to what?
Here are the choices:
A. atmospheric pressure
B. moon pressure
C. precipitation pressure
D. adjacent pressure | The atmospheric pressure is converted from kPa to mmHg in order to match units with the table. The sum of the pressures of the hydrogen and the water vapor is equal to the atmospheric pressure. The pressure of the hydrogen is found by subtraction. Then, the volume of the gas at STP can be calculated by using the combin... | A: atmospheric pressure. |
What is cellular respiration that proceeds in the presence of oxygen known as?
Here are the choices:
A. aerobic respiration
B. digestive respiration
C. anaerobic respiration
D. kinetic respiration | Cellular respiration that proceeds in the presence of oxygen is aerobic respiration. | A: aerobic respiration. |
Blood enters the kidney through the which artery?
Here are the choices:
A. renal artery
B. jugular
C. vas deferens
D. cardiac artery | Blood enters the kidney through the renal artery , which branches into capillaries. When blood passes through capillaries of the glomerulus of a nephron, blood pressure forces some of the water and dissolved substances in the blood to cross the capillary walls into Bowman’s capsule . | A: renal artery. |
Besides increasing the potential, how else can you increase current in a circuit?
Here are the choices:
A. decreasing the resistance
B. increasing the heat
C. increasing the resistance
D. decreasing the heat | There are two ways to control the current in a circuit. Since the current is directly proportional to the potential difference and inversely proportional to the resistance, you can increase the current in a circuit by increasing the potential or by decreasing the resistance. | A: decreasing the resistance. |
What kingdom in the domain eukarya that includes molds, mushrooms, and yeasts called?
Here are the choices:
A. fungi
B. proteins
C. bacteria
D. acids | Fungi are a kingdom in the domain Eukarya that includes molds, mushrooms, and yeasts. | A: fungi. |
An excellent solvent that holds heat well and allows hydrogen bonds, what substance has many properties critical to life?
Here are the choices:
A. plasma
B. water
C. liquid
D. blood | 2.2 Water Water has many properties that are critical to maintaining life. It is polar, allowing for the formation of hydrogen bonds, which allow ions and other polar molecules to dissolve in water. Therefore, water is an excellent solvent. The hydrogen bonds between water molecules give water the ability to hold heat ... | B: water. |
Which part of the earth is made of the rigid, brittle, solid crust and uppermost mantle?
Here are the choices:
A. atmosphere
B. troposphere
C. thermosphere
D. lithosphere | The lithosphere is made of the rigid, brittle, solid crust and uppermost mantle. | D: lithosphere. |
What is liquid water falling from the sky called?
Here are the choices:
A. evaporation
B. snow
C. rain
D. clouds | C: rain. | |
The two general functions of roots in plants are to anchor and to do what else?
Here are the choices:
A. absorb
B. photosynthesis
C. generate
D. grow | A: absorb. | |
What do covalent bonds give atoms a more stable arrangement of?
Here are the choices:
A. neutrons
B. protons
C. cell walls
D. electrons | Covalent bonds form because they give atoms a more stable arrangement of electrons. Look at the oxygen atoms in the Figure above . Alone, each oxygen atom has six valence electrons. By sharing two pairs of valence electrons, each oxygen atom has a total of eight valence electrons. This fills its outer energy level, giv... | D: electrons. |
What is the most important process for the survival of a species?
Here are the choices:
A. metabolism
B. reproduction
C. differentiation
D. digestion | B: reproduction. | |
Which common element is the most found in living organisms?
Here are the choices:
A. oxygen
B. carbon
C. monoxide
D. hydrogen | Carbon is one of the most common elements found in living organisms. Chains of carbon molecules form the backbones of many organic molecules, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. Carbon is constantly cycling between living organisms and the atmosphere ( Figure below ). The cycling of carbon occurs through the c... | B: carbon. |
What are the organelles on which proteins are made during protein synthesis called?
Here are the choices:
A. ribosomes
B. mitochondria
C. fibroblasts
D. lysosomes | Ribosomes are the organelles on which proteins are made during protein synthesis . Ribosomes are found throughout the cytosol of the cell and attached to the endoplasmic reticulum organelle. Ribosomes order amino acids using messenger RNA (mRNA) as a template in a process called translation. Ribosomes are made from com... | A: ribosomes. |
Chemistry is the study of matter and energy and how they what?
Here are the choices:
A. distinct
B. division
C. interaction
D. interact | Chemistry is the study of matter and energy and how they interact, mainly at the level of atoms and molecules. Basic concepts in chemistry include chemicals and chemical reactions. | D: interact. |
What is the term for the relationship in which one species benefits while the other species is harmed?
Here are the choices:
A. combative relationship
B. symbiotic relationship
C. parasitic relationship
D. commensal relationship | symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits while the other species is harmed. | B: symbiotic relationship. |
Transport vesicles move what type of molecules from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the golgi apparatus?
Here are the choices:
A. proteins
B. lipids
C. hormones
D. acids | Transport vesicles are part of the endomembrane system. They are able to move molecules such as proteins between locations inside the cell. For example, transport vesicles move proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. | A: proteins. |
Fish use some of their fins to propel themselves through the water and others to do what?
Here are the choices:
A. reproduce
B. steer
C. rest
D. breathe | Most fish have several fins for swimming. They use some of their fins to propel themselves through the water and others to steer the body as they swim. | B: steer. |
This series of life stages and events that a sexually reproducing organism goes through is called its what?
Here are the choices:
A. formative period
B. life cycle
C. maturation cycle
D. development cycle | Sexual reproduction occurs in a cycle. Diploid parents produce haploid gametes that unite and develop into diploid adults, which repeat the cycle. This series of life stages and events that a sexually reproducing organism goes through is called its life cycle . Sexually reproducing organisms can have different types of... | B: life cycle. |
What are small gnawing mammals such as rats and mice called?
Here are the choices:
A. miniatures
B. furries
C. rodents
D. marsupials | Rodents include rats, mice, and other small gnawing mammals. They have a single pair of continuously growing incisors (teeth) in each of the upper and lower jaws that must be kept short by gnawing. | C: rodents. |
Dutch scientist christiaan huygens' principle of what states that every point on a wavefront is a source of wavelets that spread out in the forward direction at the speed of the wave itself?
Here are the choices:
A. energy propagation
B. wave dynamics
C. electromagnetic dynamics
D. wave propagation | The Dutch scientist Christiaan Huygens (1629–1695) developed a useful technique for determining in detail how and where waves propagate. Starting from some known position, Huygens’s principle states that: Every point on a wavefront is a source of wavelets that spread out in the forward direction at the same speed as th... | D: wave propagation. |
Orbiting at a fairly typical 370 kilometers, the international space station is an example of what?
Here are the choices:
A. manmade satellite
B. high orbit satellite
C. flagella satellite
D. alteration satellite | We commonly talk about satellites orbiting Earth. But what does that really mean? When a satellite, space shuttle, or some other object is orbiting a planet, it maintains a circular orbit around the planet a constant distance off the surface. Manmade satellites typically orbit between 200 and 400 miles. For example, th... | A: manmade satellite. |
When plant type alternates from generation to generation what is this called?
Here are the choices:
A. turbidity of generation
B. alternation of generation
C. differentiation of generation
D. change in generation | Plants alternate between diploid-cell plants and haploid-cell plants. This is called alternation of generations , because the plant type alternates from generation to generation. In alternation of generations, the plant alternates between a sporophyte that has diploid cells and a gametophyte that has haploid cells. | B: alternation of generation. |
Which type of diabetes involves the pancreas not secreting enough insulin, which causes high levels of glucose in the blood?
Here are the choices:
A. type 1
B. non typical
C. type 2
D. type 3 | Endocrine system disorders usually involve the secretion of too much or not enough hormone. For example, a tumor of the adrenal gland may lead to excessive secretion of growth hormone, which causes gigantism. In Type 1 diabetes, the pancreas does not secrete enough insulin, which causes high levels of glucose in the bl... | A: type 1. |
Halides of the transition metals become more covalent with increasing oxidation state and are more prone to what?
Here are the choices:
A. comproportionation
B. decarbonylation
C. cycloaddition
D. hydrolysis | Transition-metal fluorides usually have higher oxidation states than their iodides. For a given metal, the lowest-oxidation-state oxide is basic and the highest-oxidation-state oxide is acidic. Halides of the transition metals become more covalent with increasing oxidation state and are more prone to hydrolysis. Propos... | D: hydrolysis. |
Dense connective tissue contains more collagen fibers than does loose connective tissue. as a consequence, it displays greater resistance to what?
Here are the choices:
A. freezing
B. stretching
C. stiffening
D. contracting | Dense Connective Tissue Dense connective tissue contains more collagen fibers than does loose connective tissue. As a consequence, it displays greater resistance to stretching. There are two major categories of dense connective tissue: regular and irregular. Dense regular connective tissue fibers are parallel to each o... | B: stretching. |
What does pushing an object over the surface of a ramp cause?
Here are the choices:
A. vibration
B. Acceleration
C. friction
D. tension | Consider the ramp in Figure below . It’s easier to push the heavy piece of furniture up the ramp to the truck than to lift it straight up off the ground. However, pushing the furniture over the surface of the ramp creates a lot of friction. Some of the force applied to moving the furniture must be used to overcome the ... | C: friction. |
Parasitism, mutualism, and commensalism are all examples of what type of biological relationship?
Here are the choices:
A. adaptation
B. symbiosis
C. evolution
D. reproduction | B: symbiosis. | |
What occurs when substances move from areas of lower to higher concentration or when very large molecules are transported?
Here are the choices:
A. diffusion
B. passive transport
C. migration
D. active transport | Active transport requires energy from the cell. It occurs when substances move from areas of lower to higher concentration or when very large molecules are transported. Types of active transport include ion pumps, such as the sodium-potassium pump, and vesicle transport, which includes endocytosis and exocytosis. | D: active transport. |
What is the term for how the air feels at its temperature and humidity
Here are the choices:
A. climate sensory index
B. atmospheric humidity
C. relative humidity
D. initial humidity | Relative humidity is how the air feels at its temperature and humidity. | C: relative humidity. |
What form does formaldehyde take at room temperature?
Here are the choices:
A. liquids
B. gas
C. plasma
D. solid | Formaldehyde is a gas at room temperature. Acetaldehyde boils at 20°C; in an open vessel, it boils away in a warm room. Most other common aldehydes are liquids at room temperature. | B: gas. |
Ions are formed when atoms gain or lose what?
Here are the choices:
A. neutrons
B. mass
C. electrons
D. protons | Electron Configurations of Ions We have seen that ions are formed when atoms gain or lose electrons. A cation (positively charged ion) forms when one or more electrons are removed from a parent atom. For main group elements, the electrons that were added last are the first electrons removed. For transition metals and i... | C: electrons. |
What are the three ways to classify matter based on how light interacts with it?
Here are the choices:
A. transitive, opaque, translucent
B. opaque, invisible, visible
C. extensive , opaque , translucent
D. transparent, opaque, translucent | Light may interact with matter in several ways, including reflection, refraction, transmission, and absorption. Matter can be classified on the basis of how light interacts with it as transparent, translucent, or opaque. | D: transparent, opaque, translucent. |
In what area of the body are sutural bones found?
Here are the choices:
A. legs
B. tooth
C. skin
D. skull | Sutural bones are small, flat, irregularly shaped bones. They may be found between the flat bones of the skull. They vary in number, shape, size, and position. | D: skull. |
The ability of matter to combine chemically with other substances is known as?
Here are the choices:
A. reactivity
B. solubility
C. turbidity
D. permeability | Reactivity is the ability of matter to combine chemically with other substances. Some kinds of matter are extremely reactive; others are extremely unreactive. For example, potassium is very reactive, even with water. When a pea-sized piece of potassium is added to a small amount of water, it reacts explosively. You can... | A: reactivity. |
Which types of waves are used for cell phones and radar?
Here are the choices:
A. light waves
B. sound waves
C. thermal waves
D. microwaves | Microwaves are used for cell phones and radar. | D: microwaves. |
Ticks spread bacteria that causes what condition?
Here are the choices:
A. Rabies
B. Dengue fever
C. lyme disease
D. Malaria | Bacterial Disease Vectors. Ticks spread bacteria that cause Lyme disease. Deerflies spread bacteria that cause tularemia. | C: lyme disease. |
Methyl groups are found within what?
Here are the choices:
A. peptide chains
B. amino acids
C. rna acids
D. DNA molecules | Methyl groups are found within amino acids. | B: amino acids. |
The primary lymphoid organs are the bone marrow and what else?
Here are the choices:
A. pinneal gland
B. thyroid
C. kidneys
D. thymus gland | Primary Lymphoid Organs and Lymphocyte Development Understanding the differentiation and development of B and T cells is critical to the understanding of the adaptive immune response. It is through this process that the body (ideally) learns to destroy only pathogens and leaves the body’s own cells relatively intact. T... | D: thymus gland. |
Surface tension and viscosity are generally associated with what form or state of matter?
Here are the choices:
A. gases
B. liquids
C. electrons
D. solids | Two interesting properties of liquids are surface tension and viscosity. | B: liquids. |
What catalyst substances may also allow reactions to occur by different pathways that have lower activation energy?
Here are the choices:
A. hormones
B. carbohydrates
C. enzymes
D. calories | Enzymes may also allow reactions to occur by different pathways that have lower activation energy. | C: enzymes. |
Gap genes are defined by the effect of what in that gene?
Here are the choices:
A. modification
B. radiation
C. infection
D. mutation | One example of a gap gene is the Krüppel gene, which regulates the activity of a number of other genes. Krüppel literally means "cripple" in German, named for the crippled appearance of mutant larva. Gap genes are defined by the effect of a mutation in that gene, and Krüppel is one such effect. Other gap genes are know... | D: mutation. |
The abnormal cells cannot carry oxygen properly and can get stuck where?
Here are the choices:
A. Viens
B. Arteries
C. capillaries
D. muscles | The red blood cells of a person with sickle-cell anemia (left) are long and pointed, rather than straight, like normal cells (right). The abnormal cells cannot carry oxygen properly and can get stuck in capillaries. | C: capillaries. |
All atoms of the same element share the same number of what type of particle?
Here are the choices:
A. protons
B. neutrons
C. nucleus
D. quarks | Atoms have protons and neutrons in the center, making the nucleus, while the electrons orbit the nucleus. The modern atomic theory states that atoms of one element are the same, while atoms of different elements are different. What makes atoms of different elements different? The fundamental characteristic that all ato... | A: protons. |
How do oceans help control global warming?
Here are the choices:
A. reflecting light
B. Cooling air
C. releasing oxygen
D. absorbing carbon dioxide | Ocean water also absorbs gases from the atmosphere. The most important are oxygen and carbon dioxide. Oxygen is needed by living things in the oceans. Much of the carbon dioxide sinks to the bottom of the seas. Carbon dioxide is a major cause of global warming. By absorbing carbon dioxide, the oceans help control globa... | D: absorbing carbon dioxide. |
What occurs between long warm climate periods?
Here are the choices:
A. mass extinction
B. hurricanes
C. ice ages
D. drought | Earth’s climate has changed many times. Long warm periods were broken up by ice ages. Over the past 150 years, climate has warmed quickly. | C: ice ages. |
Which state of matter is characterized by molecules with minimal movement and strong forces between them?
Here are the choices:
A. liquid
B. solid
C. plasma
D. gas | Three main types of particles that make up all atoms are protons, neutrons, and electrons. | B: solid. |
The plasma membrane pulls away from the cell wall as it shrivels. what is this process called?
Here are the choices:
A. fluctuations
B. osmosis
C. sporozoans
D. plasmolysis | A cell that does not have a rigid cell wall (such as a red blood cell), will swell and lyse (burst) when placed in a hypotonic solution. Cells with a cell wall will swell when placed in a hypotonic solution, but once the cell is turgid (firm), the tough cell wall prevents any more water from entering the cell. When pla... | D: plasmolysis. |
What collects fluid from a system of canals in the cytoplasm?
Here are the choices:
A. chlorophyll
B. placenta
C. vacuole
D. mitochondria | C: vacuole. | |
What is the name of artificial barriers that people build to protect shorelines?
Here are the choices:
A. outcroppings
B. seawalls
C. domes
D. breakwaters | Only a tiny fraction of the ocean floor has ever been studied. Why? Humans can’t travel deep below the water’s surface without special vehicles. The pressure of the water is too great. Total darkness and extreme cold make it even more difficult. That’s why people have worked for decades to invent technology for studyin... | D: breakwaters. |
How many valence electrons does nitrogen have?
Here are the choices:
A. 10
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5 | Nitrogen is a diatomic element with five valence electrons. Create a model of a molecule of nitrogen. | D: 5. |
What is the term for a particle from outside the cell engulfing the cells membrane?
Here are the choices:
A. metastasis
B. mitosis
C. endocytosis
D. endometriosis | In endocytosis, a substance or particle from outside the cell is engulfed by the cell membrane. The membrane folds over the substance and it becomes completely enclosed by the membrane. There are two main kinds of endocytosis: pinocytosis and phagocytosis. | C: endocytosis. |
The kidney glomerulus filters blood mainly based on particle size to produce a filtrate lacking cells or large what?
Here are the choices:
A. carbohydrates
B. lipids
C. steroids
D. proteins | CHAPTER REVIEW 25.1 Physical Characteristics of Urine The kidney glomerulus filters blood mainly based on particle size to produce a filtrate lacking cells or large proteins. Most of the ions and molecules in the filtrate are needed by the body and must be reabsorbed farther down the nephron tubules, resulting in the f... | D: proteins. |
What is the general composition of the continental crust?
Here are the choices:
A. marble
B. limestone
C. sandstone
D. granite | The average composition of continental crust is granite. | D: granite. |
What term refers to the conditions of the atmosphere from day to day?
Here are the choices:
A. temperture
B. humidity
C. climate
D. weather | Climate is the average weather in an area over a long period of time. Weather refers to the conditions of the atmosphere from day to day. Climate is generally described in terms of temperature and moisture. | D: weather. |
Gases such as neon, argon, and krypton produce what using electroluminescence?
Here are the choices:
A. electricity
B. light
C. heat
D. colors | Another type of luminescence is called electroluminescence. In this process, a substance gives off light when an electric current passes through it. Gases such as neon, argon, and krypton produce light by this means. The car dash lights in the Figure below are produced by electroluminescence. | B: light. |
By how many weeks do all major organs start developing?
Here are the choices:
A. 4
B. 9
C. 12
D. 8 | D: 8. | |
Surface tension is a property that can be found in what state of matter?
Here are the choices:
A. liquid
B. ice
C. vapor
D. water | 12.2 Bernoulli’s Equation 4. You can squirt water a considerably greater distance by placing your thumb over the end of a garden hose and then releasing, than by leaving it completely uncovered. Explain how this works. Water is shot nearly vertically upward in a decorative fountain and the stream is observed to broaden... | A: liquid. |
A plant that forms special tissues for storing water in an arid climate is an example of the plant evolving what?
Here are the choices:
A. divergence
B. additions
C. adaptations
D. consciousness | Organisms evolve adaptations that help them survive in the climate of the biome where they live. For example, in biomes with arid climates, plants may have special tissues for storing water (see Figure below ). The desert animals pictured in Figure below also have adaptations for a dry climate. | C: adaptations. |
What organ is made up of over one million nephrons that dot the renal cortex?
Here are the choices:
A. lungs
B. kidney
C. stomach
D. gall bladder | Which of the following statements about the kidney is false? a. The renal pelvis drains into the ureter. The renal pyramids are in the medulla. The cortex covers the capsule. Nephrons are in the renal cortex. Because the kidney filters blood, its network of blood vessels is an important component of its structure and f... | B: kidney. |
Human metabolism is the conversion of food into heat transfer, work, and this?
Here are the choices:
A. stored protein
B. stored carbs
C. stored fat
D. stored atp | Human Metabolism and the First Law of Thermodynamics Human metabolism is the conversion of food into heat transfer, work, and stored fat. Metabolism is an interesting example of the first law of thermodynamics in action. We now take another look at these topics via the first law of thermodynamics. Considering the body ... | C: stored fat. |
What organ do mammals have that is exceptionally large for their body size?
Here are the choices:
A. liver
B. heart
C. lungs
D. brain | Cerebral Cortex Compared to other vertebrates, mammals have exceptionally large brains for their body size. An entire alligator’s brain, for example, would fill about one and a half teaspoons. This increase in brain to body size ratio is especially pronounced in apes, whales, and dolphins. While this increase in overal... | D: brain. |
Mammals have four limbs and produce what kind of eggs?
Here are the choices:
A. umbilical
B. hard-shelled
C. amniotic
D. placental | Mammals have four limbs and produce amniotic eggs. | C: amniotic. |
Name the missing call of biochemical compound: carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids.
Here are the choices:
A. lipids
B. microorganisms
C. enzymes
D. tissues | Lipids are one of four classes of biochemical compounds, which are compounds that make up living things and carry out life processes. (The other three classes of biochemical compounds are carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids. ) Living things use lipids to store energy. Lipids are also the major components of cell... | A: lipids. |
The ether functional group consists of an oxygen atom which forms single bonds with what other atoms?
Here are the choices:
A. enzymes
B. hydrogen
C. acid
D. carbon | The ether functional group consists of an oxygen atom which forms single bonds with two carbon atoms. | D: carbon. |
In celsius, what is the boiling point of water?
Here are the choices:
A. zero degrees
B. one hundred degrees
C. ninety eight degrees
D. two hundred twelve degrees | The crystal structure of ionic compounds is strong and rigid. It takes a lot of energy to break all those ionic bonds. As a result, ionic compounds are solids with high melting and boiling points. You can see the melting and boiling points of several different ionic compounds in the Table below . To appreciate how high... | B: one hundred degrees. |
What is the process where sperm from the pollen of one flower fertilizes the egg of another flower?
Here are the choices:
A. inter-pollination
B. mitosis
C. static pollination
D. cross-pollination | In cross-pollination , sperm from the pollen of one flower fertilizes the egg of another flower. Like other types of sexual reproduction, cross-pollination allows new combinations of traits. Cross-pollination occurs when pollen is carried by the wind to another flower. It can also occur when animal pollinators, like ho... | D: cross-pollination. |
What is an organic compound made up of small molecules called amino acids called?
Here are the choices:
A. a fat
B. a compound
C. a protein
D. a carbohydrate | A protein is an organic compound made up of small molecules called amino acids . There are 20 different amino acids commonly found in the proteins of living things. Small proteins may contain just a few hundred amino acids, whereas large proteins may contain thousands of amino acids. | C: a protein. |
A solute generally does what to the freezing point of a solvent?
Here are the choices:
A. increases it
B. regulates it
C. raises it
D. lowers it | A solute generally lowers the freezing point of a solvent, which is called freezing point depression. For example, spreading salt on an icy road melts the ice. | D: lowers it. |
The quarks in a particle are confined, meaning individual quarks cannot be what?
Here are the choices:
A. separated
B. hypothesized
C. changed
D. directly observed | Identify evidence for electroweak unification. The quarks in a particle are confined, meaning individual quarks cannot be directly observed. Are gluons confined as well? Explain. | D: directly observed. |
The monosaccharide glucose is broken down through a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions known as what?
Here are the choices:
A. photosynthesis
B. glycolysis
C. Respiration
D. Digestion | The monosaccharide glucose is broken down through a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions known as glycolysis. | B: glycolysis. |
What is the primary gas produced from burning of wood?
Here are the choices:
A. carbon dioxide
B. toxic dioxide
C. Hydrogen Dioxide
D. liquid dioxide | When wood burns, it changes to ashes, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases. You can see ashes in the wood fire pictured here. The gases are invisible. | A: carbon dioxide. |
What type of transport requires no energy and occurs when substances move from areas of higher to lower concentration?
Here are the choices:
A. immune transport
B. active transport
C. passive transport
D. bacterial transport | Passive transport requires no energy. It occurs when substances move from areas of higher to lower concentration. Types of passive transport include simple diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion. | C: passive transport. |
What is the force of attraction between a positive metal ion and valence electrons?
Here are the choices:
A. galactic bond
B. liquid bond
C. metallic bond
D. covalent bond | A metallic bond is the force of attraction between a positive metal ion and the valence electrons that surround it—both its own valence electrons and those of other ions of the same metal. The ions and electrons form a lattice-like structure. Only metals, such as the copper pictured in the Figure below , form metallic ... | C: metallic bond. |
How many times does the height of the largest wave increase with each level?
Here are the choices:
A. 5 times
B. 20 times
C. 100 times
D. 10 times | Richter scale magnitudes jump from one level to the next. The height of the largest wave increases 10 times with each level. So the height of the largest seismic wave of a magnitude 5 quake is 10 times that of a magnitude 4 quake. A magnitude 5 is 100 times that of a magnitude 3 quake. With each level, thirty times mor... | D: 10 times. |
What does unequal heating of the atmosphere cause?
Here are the choices:
A. weather
B. water
C. humidity
D. flares | Weather occurs because of unequal heating of the atmosphere. The source of heat is the Sun. The general principles behind weather can be stated simply:. | A: weather. |
Which vitamin is made in the skin when it is exposed to sunlight?
Here are the choices:
A. Vitamin C
B. Riboflavin
C. vitamin d
D. Vitamin B1 | Some sunlight is good for your health. Vitamin D is made in the skin when it is exposed to sunlight. But getting too much sun can be unhealthy. A sunburn is a burn to the skin that is caused by overexposure to UV radiation from the sun's rays or tanning beds. | C: vitamin d. |
During protein synthesis, ribosomes assemble what into proteins?
Here are the choices:
A. rna acids
B. polymer acids
C. DNA Acids
D. amino acids | Figure 4.13 Ribosomes are made up of a large subunit (top) and a small subunit (bottom). During protein synthesis, ribosomes assemble amino acids into proteins. | D: amino acids. |
If particles have enough kinetic energy to completely overcome the force of attraction between them, matter exists as a what?
Here are the choices:
A. solid
B. gas
C. liquid
D. vapor | If particles have enough kinetic energy to completely overcome the force of attraction between them, matter exists as a gas. The particles can pull apart and spread out. This explains why gases have neither a fixed volume nor a fixed shape. | B: gas. |
Where is chlorine gas produced?
Here are the choices:
A. carbon cycle
B. epidermis
C. at the anode
D. in the nucleus | It may be logical to assume that the electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride, called brine , would yield the same result through the same reactions as the process in molten NaCl. However, the reduction reaction that occurs at the cathode does not produce sodium metal because the water is reduced instead. This is becaus... | C: at the anode. |
What is the study of energy and how it interacts with matter?
Here are the choices:
A. kinetics
B. physics
C. quantum mechanics
D. cosmology | Physics is the study of energy and how it interacts with matter. Important concepts in physics include motion, forces such as magnetism and gravity, and different forms of energy. Physics concepts can answer all the questions on the right page of the notebook in Figure above . | B: physics. |
What structure of the body falls between cells and organs in complexity?
Here are the choices:
A. molecules
B. muscles
C. tissues
D. proteins | The human body is organized at different levels, starting with the cell. Cells are organized into tissues, and tissues form organs. Organs are organized into organ systems such as the skeletal and muscular systems. | C: tissues. |
The relationships between groups of different species makes up a ___________.
Here are the choices:
A. species
B. food chain
C. community
D. family | A community is made up of the relationships between groups of different species. For example, the desert communities consist of rabbits, coyotes, snakes, birds, mice and such plants as sahuaro cactus, ocotillo, and creosote bush. Community structure can be disturbed by such dynamics as fire, human activity, and over-po... | C: community. |
An offspring that inherits a mutation in a gamete will have the mutation in all of its?
Here are the choices:
A. cells
B. eggs
C. proteins
D. seeds | Mutations that occur in gametes can be passed on to offspring. An offspring that inherits a mutation in a gamete will have the mutation in all of its cells. | A: cells. |
How do organisms grow and repair themselves?
Here are the choices:
A. cell death
B. mutation
C. cell division
D. symbosis | Cell division is how organisms grow and repair themselves. It is also how many organisms produce offspring. For many single-celled organisms, reproduction is a similar process. The parent cell simply divides to form two daughter cells that are identical to the parent. In many other organisms, two parents are involved, ... | C: cell division. |
What do halogens require electrons to achieve?
Here are the choices:
A. formation
B. octet
C. coupling
D. fusion | Chapter 7 The Periodic Table and Periodic Trends In , we presented the contemporary quantum mechanical model of the atom. In using this model to describe the electronic structures of the elements in order of increasing atomic number, we saw that periodic similarities in electron configuration correlate with periodic si... | B: octet. |
What is the percentage of earthquakes that take place within a plate, away from plate boundaries?
Here are the choices:
A. 6%
B. 5%
C. 4 %
D. 3 % | About 5% of earthquakes take place within a plate, away from plate boundaries. These intraplate earthquakes are caused by stresses within a plate. Since plates move over a spherical surface, zones of weakness are created. Intraplate earthquakes happen along these zones of weakness. The earthquakes may take place along ... | B: 5%. |
Despite their name, what scientists study the atmosphere rather than colliding space rocks?
Here are the choices:
A. astronomers
B. astronauts
C. forecasters
D. meteorologists | Meteorologists don’t study meteors — they study the atmosphere! The word “meteor” refers to things in the air. Meteorology includes the study of weather patterns, clouds, hurricanes, and tornadoes. Meteorology is very important. Using radars and satellites, meteorologists work to predict, or forecast, the weather ( Fig... | D: meteorologists. |
What is an insect's hard outer exoskeleton made out of?
Here are the choices:
A. chitin
B. lectin
C. casein
D. melanin | Figure 3.11 Insects have a hard outer exoskeleton made of chitin, a type of polysaccharide. (credit: Louise Docker). | A: chitin. |
What illnesses are caused by damage to the alveoli of the lungs?
Here are the choices:
A. avian and emphysema
B. pneumonia and emphysema
C. smoking and emphysema
D. chronic and emphysema | Pneumonia and emphysema are caused by damage to the alveoli of the lungs. | B: pneumonia and emphysema. |
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