questions stringlengths 37 1.22k | reasoning stringlengths 0 3.56k ⌀ | answers stringlengths 4 138 |
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What are vascular plants that produce seeds in cones called?
Here are the choices:
A. deciduous
B. angiosperms
C. gymnosperms
D. evergreen | Gymnosperms are vascular plants that produce seeds in cones. Examples include conifers such as pine and spruce trees. The gymnosperm life cycle has a very dominant sporophyte generation. Both gametophytes and the next generation’s new sporophytes develop on the sporophyte parent plant. Figure below is a diagram of a gy... | C: gymnosperms. |
What does photosynthesis change light energy into?
Here are the choices:
A. electrical energy
B. chemical energy
C. radiation energy
D. carbon energy | Photosynthesis changes light energy to chemical energy. The chemical energy is stored in the bonds of glucose molecules. Glucose, in turn, is used for energy by the cells of almost all living things. Photosynthetic organisms such as plants make their own glucose. Other organisms get glucose by consuming plants (or orga... | B: chemical energy. |
Addiction affects what type of chemical receptors within the brain?
Here are the choices:
A. dopamine receptors
B. serotonin receptors
C. bind receptors
D. mitochondria receptors | Figure above shows the accumulation of radioactive compounds that bind to dopamine receptors. The non-addicted individuals have large numbers of receptors for dopamine. The addicted persons show less binding to these receptors, indicating that fewer receptors are present. | A: dopamine receptors. |
What is the ability of an atom to emit, or give off, charged particles and energy from the nucleus?
Here are the choices:
A. radioactivity
B. electromagnetism
C. magnetism
D. electrolysis | Radioactivity is the ability of an atom to emit, or give off, charged particles and energy from the nucleus. The charged particles and energy are called by the general term radiation . Only unstable nuclei emit radiation. When they do, they gain or lose protons. Then the atoms become different elements. (Be careful not... | A: radioactivity. |
What group of gases are unusually unreactive?
Here are the choices:
A. greenhouse gases
B. halogens
C. noble gases
D. volcanic gases | Nonmetals tend to gain electrons in chemical reactions and have a high attraction to electrons within a compound. The most reactive nonmetals reside in the upper right portion of the periodic table. Since the noble gases are an unusually unreactive group, the element fluorine is the most reactive nonmetal. It is also n... | C: noble gases. |
A point defect can be an atom missing from a site in the crystal known as a what?
Here are the choices:
A. void
B. vacuum
C. deficiency
D. vacancy | Summary Real crystals contain large numbers of defects. Defects may affect only a single point in the lattice (a point defect), a row of lattice points (a line defect), or a plane of atoms (a plane defect). A point defect can be an atom missing from a site in the crystal (a vacancy) or an impurity atom that occupies. | D: vacancy. |
What is the place called where the axon of one neuron meets the dendrite of another?
Here are the choices:
A. uptake
B. apoptosis
C. neurotransmitter
D. synapse | The place where the axon of one neuron meets the dendrite of another is called a synapse . Synapses are also found between neurons and other types of cells, such as muscle cells. The axon of the sending neuron does not actually touch the dendrite of the receiving neuron. There is a tiny gap between them, the synaptic c... | D: synapse. |
Organic chemistry is the study of the chemistry of what?
Here are the choices:
A. hydrogen
B. metals
C. oxidation
D. carbon compounds | Organic chemistry is the study of the chemistry of carbon compounds. | D: carbon compounds. |
Gastropods, cephalopods, and bivalves are examples of what class?
Here are the choices:
A. cetaceans
B. invertebrates
C. animals
D. mollusks | Mollusks are divided into ten living classes, including the familiar gastropods, cephalopods, and bivalves. | D: mollusks. |
What type of cholesterol is commonly referred to as bad?
Here are the choices:
A. insulin
B. ldl
C. unsaturated
D. hdl | When you get your cholesterol tested, they are measuring not only the total amount of cholesterol in the blood, but also whether it is being transported by LDL or HDL. All of these values are important for assessing the likelihood of a heart attack. Total cholesterol gives an idea of the overall cholesterol load in the... | B: ldl. |
Where does most natural gas come from?
Here are the choices:
A. oceans
B. alchemy
C. wells that produce petroleum
D. recycled cooking oil | Most natural gas comes from the wells that produce petroleum. An increasing amount comes from a new method. Hydraulic fracturing, called fracking , is very much in the news lately. Fracking makes it easier and quicker to get natural gas from the rock ( Figure below ). | C: wells that produce petroleum. |
Medical problems associated with the body responding poorly to insulin are commonly associated with what disease?
Here are the choices:
A. colitis
B. AIDS
C. diabetes
D. pertussis | In some cases, an endocrine gland secretes a normal amount of hormone, but target cells do not respond to the hormone. Often, this is because target cells have become resistant to the hormone. Type 2 diabetes is an example of this type of endocrine disorder. In type 2 diabetes, body cells do not respond to normal amoun... | C: diabetes. |
The pancreatic hormones insulin and glucagon maintain glucose homeostasis by tightly regulating the synthesis and breakdown of what?
Here are the choices:
A. lipids
B. glycogen
C. pathway
D. enzyme | B: glycogen. | |
The marsupial embryo is nourished inside the uterus with food from a yolk sac instead of through a what?
Here are the choices:
A. umbilical cord
B. ovum
C. stomach
D. placenta | The marsupial embryo is nourished inside the uterus with food from a yolk sac instead of through a placenta. The yolk sac stores enough food for the short period of time the embryo remains in the uterus. After the embryo is born, it moves into the mother’s pouch, where it clings to a nipple. It remains inside the pouch... | D: placenta. |
The substances that comprise heterogeneous mixtures can also be separated by what means?
Here are the choices:
A. atmospheric
B. physical
C. thermal
D. chemical | The substances that comprise heterogeneous mixtures can also be separated by physical means. We will discuss separation techniques in the following lesson. | B: physical. |
What type of organism has spores that are spread by water and wind?
Here are the choices:
A. fungi
B. yeast
C. Trees
D. Plants | Spores may be dispersed by moving water, wind, or other organisms. Some fungi even have “cannons” that “shoot” the spores far from the parent organism. This helps to ensure that the offspring will not have to compete with the parents for space or other resources. You are probably familiar with puffballs, like the one i... | A: fungi. |
Through which organ do hookworm larvae enter the human body?
Here are the choices:
A. through the skin
B. through the lungs
C. through the mouth
D. through the rectum | Parasitic roundworms may have plant, vertebrate, or invertebrate hosts. Several species have human hosts. For example, hookworms, like the one in Figure below , are human parasites. They infect the human intestine. They are named for the hooks they use to grab onto the host’s tissues. Hookworm larvae enter the host thr... | A: through the skin. |
Inside a cylinder, thermal energy is converted to what type of energy of the moving piston?
Here are the choices:
A. horsepower
B. residual energy
C. kinetic energy
D. electrochemical energy | Thermal energy is converted to the kinetic energy of the moving piston inside the cylinder. The moving piston, in turn, can be used to turn a turbine or do other useful work. | C: kinetic energy. |
To the extent that behaviors are controlled by what, they may evolve through natural selection?
Here are the choices:
A. mutation
B. genes
C. rna
D. dna | To the extent that behaviors are controlled by genes, they may evolve through natural selection. If behaviors increase fitness , they are likely to become more common over time. If they decrease fitness, they are likely to become less common. | B: genes. |
What kind of muscle relationship generally produces back-and-forth movement of a body part?
Here are the choices:
A. complementary muscles
B. cooperative muscles
C. antagonistic muscles
D. synchronized muscles | C: antagonistic muscles. | |
Science is a process of knowing about the natural universe through what two actions?
Here are the choices:
A. guessing and observing
B. observation and experimentation
C. thinking and guessing
D. changes and experimentation | Science is a process of knowing about the natural universe through observation and experiment. | B: observation and experimentation. |
Through a process called electromagnetic induction, generators change what energy form of a spinning turbine to electrical energy?
Here are the choices:
A. kinetic
B. potential
C. electric
D. seismic | Generators change the kinetic energy of a spinning turbine to electrical energy in a process called electromagnetic induction. You can read about generators and how they work in the chapter "Electromagnetism. ". | A: kinetic. |
Footprints, burrows, and waste are considered what type of fossils?
Here are the choices:
A. movement fossils
B. trace fossils
C. crater fossils
D. morphology fossils | Preserved traces can include footprints, burrows, or even wastes. Examples of these types of fossils, called trace fossils are picture below ( Figure below and Figure below ). | B: trace fossils. |
What process of allows multicellular organisms to grow and repair themselves?
Here are the choices:
A. cell division
B. proteins division
C. DNA division
D. atom split | The process of cell division is how multicellular organisms grow and repair themselves. It is also how many organisms produce offspring. For many single-celled organisms, asexual reproduction is a similar process. The parent cell simply divides to form two daughter cells that are identical to the parent. Asexual reprod... | A: cell division. |
What is the process of a confined gas escaping through a tiny hole in its container called?
Here are the choices:
A. dissipation
B. dilution
C. effusion
D. effluent | Another related process is effusion. Effusion is the process of a confined gas escaping through a tiny hole in its container. Effusion can be observed by the fact that a helium-filled balloon will stop floating and sink to the floor after a day or so. This is because the helium gas effuses through tiny pores in the bal... | C: effusion. |
What is a relationship between living things that depend on the same resources?
Here are the choices:
A. contention
B. competition
C. symbiotic
D. parasitic | Competition is a relationship between living things that depend on the same resources. The resources may be food, water, or anything else they both need. Competition occurs whenever they both try to get the same resources in the same place and at the same time. The two organisms are likely to come into conflict, and th... | B: competition. |
What is the measure of an individual’s weight-to-height ratio called?
Here are the choices:
A. density index (di)
B. body density index (bdi)
C. body mass index (bmi)
D. body matter index (bmi) | Metabolism and Obesity Obesity in the United States is epidemic. The rate of obesity has been steadily rising since the 1980s. In the 1990s, most states reported that less than 10 percent of their populations was obese, and the state with the highest rate reported that only 15 percent of their population was considered... | C: body mass index (bmi). |
When you are walking on a sidewalk, what occurs between your shoes and the concrete each time you put down your foot?
Here are the choices:
A. grip
B. static friction
C. progress
D. movement | Static friction acts on objects when they are resting on a surface. For example, if you are walking on a sidewalk, there is static friction between your shoes and the concrete each time you put down your foot (see Figure below ). Without this static friction, your feet would slip out from under you, making it difficult... | B: static friction. |
According to the english system measurement, how much is equal to 2 pints, 1 quart, and ¼ of a gallon?
Here are the choices:
A. 1 cup
B. 3 cups
C. 4 cups
D. 2 cups | Many quantities can be expressed in several different ways. The English system measurement of 4 cups is also equal to 2 pints, 1 quart, and ¼ of a gallon. | C: 4 cups. |
Many important crops, such as corn, are planted and harvested as what?
Here are the choices:
A. cuttings
B. trees
C. seeds
D. berries | Many important crops, such as corn, are planted and harvested as seeds. These seeds are important sources of food. For example, corn is ground into feed for chickens and cows. And corn syrup is used to sweeten beverages and candy. But most importantly, seeds are the starting point for a new plant. | C: seeds. |
The turbine of a windmill spins and creates what?
Here are the choices:
A. grains
B. pollution
C. electricity
D. lightning | Wind power uses moving air as a source of energy. Some types of wind power have been around for a long time. People have used windmills to grind grain and pump water for hundreds of years. Sailing ships have depended on wind for millennia. Wind is now used to generate electricity. Moving air can make a turbine spin, ju... | C: electricity. |
Found in cord blood and other sources, what kind of cells hold the promise of renewing and repairing body tissues?
Here are the choices:
A. red blood cells
B. stem cells
C. neurons
D. white blood cells | Stem Cell Research Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, whic... | B: stem cells. |
Which law explains why a ship weighing thousands of metric tons floats on water?
Here are the choices:
A. water pressure law
B. archimedes' law
C. ganymede ' law
D. hofstadter ' law | Do you see the man sitting on top of this tanker truck? He gives you a sense of how big the truck is. What’s behind the truck? Is it a huge apartment complex? It’s just as massive as a very large building, but it’s not even resting on land. It’s a giant cruise ship, and it’s floating on water. The ship weighs about 100... | B: archimedes' law. |
The urinary system can be considered a smaller part of what other body system?
Here are the choices:
A. extraneous
B. excretory
C. circulatory
D. sensory | Sometimes, the urinary system ( Figure below ) is called the excretory system. But the urinary system is only one part of the excretory system. Recall that the excretory system is also made up of the skin, lungs, and large intestine, as well as the kidneys. The urinary system is the organ system that makes, stores, and... | B: excretory. |
Essential minerals that the body needs in tiny quantities are called what?
Here are the choices:
A. draw minerals
B. trace minerals
C. byproduct minerals
D. flux minerals | Food and Drink App: Vitamins and Minerals Vitamins are nutrients that our bodies need in small amounts but cannot synthesize; therefore, they must be obtained from the diet. The word vitamin comes from “vital amine” because it was once thought that all these compounds had an amine group (NH2) in it. This is not actuall... | B: trace minerals. |
The process by which leaves collect sunlight and make food is called this?
Here are the choices:
A. glycolysis
B. photosynthesis
C. budding
D. pollination | The primary function of leaves is to collect sunlight and make food by photosynthesis. | B: photosynthesis. |
What are the three types of rna involved in protein synthesis?
Here are the choices:
A. organic , transfer , and ribosomal
B. messenger, transfer, and ribosomal
C. messenger, organic and transfer
D. messenger, transfer, and organic | There are three types of RNA involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribisomal RNA (rRNA). All three of these nucleic acids work together to produce a protein. The mRNA takes the genetic instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where the ribosomes are located. Ribosomes are ... | B: messenger, transfer, and ribosomal. |
What is the term for chordates with a vertebral column and endoskeleton of cartilage and bone?
Here are the choices:
A. insect
B. mammel
C. vertebrate
D. am | Vertebrates are chordates with a vertebral column and endoskeleton of cartilage and bone. Vertebrates also have several organ systems. | C: vertebrate. |
What does a keratometer measure in the cornea?
Here are the choices:
A. diameter
B. Width
C. Lenght
D. curve | 25.7 Image Formation by Mirrors 53. What is the focal length of a makeup mirror that has a power of 1.50 D? 54. Some telephoto cameras use a mirror rather than a lens. What radius of curvature mirror is needed to replace a 800 mm focal length telephoto lens? 55. (a) Calculate the focal length of the mirror formed by th... | D: curve. |
What is it called when an egg develops into an individual without being fertilized?
Here are the choices:
A. parthenogenesis
B. metamorphosis
C. symbiosis
D. abiogenesis | Parthenogenesis Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction in which an egg develops into an individual without being fertilized. The resulting offspring can be either haploid or diploid, depending on the process in the species. Parthenogenesis occurs in invertebrates such as water fleas, rotifers, aphids, stick ... | A: parthenogenesis. |
Many adolescents experience frequent mood swings. name one of the causes for this.
Here are the choices:
A. psychological changes
B. maturing nervous system
C. surging hormones
D. growing hormones | Adolescents may have mood swings because of surging hormones. | C: surging hormones. |
Through what does the nerve impulses travel to the brain?
Here are the choices:
A. trochlear nerve
B. oculomotor nerve
C. abducent nerve
D. optic nerve | When light hits rods and cones, it causes chemical changes. The chemical changes start nerve impulses. The nerve impulses travel to the brain through the optic nerve . | D: optic nerve. |
The difference in electric potential energy which allows for an electric charge to move from one position to another is measured by what si unit?
Here are the choices:
A. ohm
B. meter
C. joule
D. volt | In general, for an electric charge to move from one position to another, there must be a difference in electric potential energy between the two positions. The difference in electric potential energy is called potential difference, or voltage . Voltage is measured in an SI unit called the volt (V). For example, the ter... | D: volt. |
The properties of the alkali metals are similar to each other as expected for elements in the same what?
Here are the choices:
A. family
B. class
C. farm
D. branch | The properties of the alkali metals are similar to each other as expected for elements in the same family. The alkali metals have the largest atomic radii and the lowest first ionization energy in their periods. This combination makes it very easy to remove the single electron in the outermost (valence) shell of each. ... | A: family. |
Which division of the peripheral nervous system carries messages from sense organs and internal organs to the central nervous system?
Here are the choices:
A. sensory division
B. vascular division
C. extrasensory division
D. neural division | All other nervous tissue in the body makes up the peripheral nervous system, which has two major divisions. The sensory division carries messages from sense organs and internal organs to the central nervous system. The motor division carries messages from the central nervous system to muscles, internal organs, and glan... | A: sensory division. |
An ether is an organic compound in which two hydrocarbon groups are bonded to the same atom of what?
Here are the choices:
A. nitrogen
B. hydrogen
C. oxygen
D. sulfur | An ether is an organic compound in which two hydrocarbon groups are bonded to the same atom of oxygen. An ether is represented by the general formula R−O−R’. The R’ in the formula means that the hydrocarbon group can be the same as R or it can be different. The steps for naming ethers are listed below. | C: oxygen. |
Featuring a stalk-like filament that ends in an anther, what is the male reproductive organ in a flower?
Here are the choices:
A. stamen
B. petals
C. cones
D. angiosperms | The male reproductive organ in a flower is the stamen . It has a stalk-like filament that ends in an anther. The anther is where pollen forms. | A: stamen. |
What controls the movements of hands and arms?
Here are the choices:
A. autonomic nervous system
B. voluntary nervous system
C. functional nervous system
D. somatic nervous system | Scott Schram. The somatic nervous system controls the movements of hands and arms . CC BY 2.0. | D: somatic nervous system. |
Refraction happens when light bends from doing what in a new medium?
Here are the choices:
A. changing brightness
B. changing speed
C. changing color
D. changing trajectory | Facts are true. Data, gathered correctly, is factual. Facts and data are not subject to opinion or bias. | B: changing speed. |
What is the basic structure that holds plants upright, allowing plants to get the sunlight and air they need?
Here are the choices:
A. twig
B. root
C. stamen
D. stem | Stems are organs that hold plants upright. They allow plants to get the sunlight and air they need. Stems also bear leaves, flowers, cones, and smaller stems. These structures grow at points called nodes. The stem between nodes is called an internode. (See Figure below . ). | D: stem. |
The waves on the strings of musical instruments are transverse—so are electromagnetic waves, such as visible light. sound waves in air and water are this?
Here are the choices:
A. symmetrical
B. longitudinal
C. horizontal
D. hydroelectric | Waves may be transverse, longitudinal, or a combination of the two. (Water waves are actually a combination of transverse and longitudinal. The simplified water wave illustrated in Figure 16.30 shows no longitudinal motion of the bird. ) The waves on the strings of musical instruments are transverse—so are electromagne... | B: longitudinal. |
What is the name of the elongated bony structure that anchors the anterior thoracic cage?
Here are the choices:
A. tibia
B. collar bone
C. sternum
D. pelvis | Sternum The sternum is the elongated bony structure that anchors the anterior thoracic cage. It consists of three parts: the manubrium, body, and xiphoid process. The manubrium is the wider, superior portion of the sternum. The top of the manubrium has a shallow, U-shaped border called the jugular (suprasternal) notch.... | C: sternum. |
What is the most numerous species on the planet?
Here are the choices:
A. trees
B. humans
C. bacteria
D. viruses | Practically all surfaces. Bacteria can live and grow in practically any environment. It is this ability that has made bacteria the most numerous species on the planet. | C: bacteria. |
What are the earth's two poles called?
Here are the choices:
A. east and west
B. southwest and south
C. west and south
D. north and south | A magnet is an object that attracts certain materials such as iron. You’re probably familiar with common bar magnets, like the one shown in the Figure below . Like all magnets, this bar magnet has north and south magnetic poles . The red end of the magnet is the north pole and the blue end is the south pole. The poles ... | D: north and south. |
Chloroplasts and chromoplasts are examples of which membrane bound organelle containing their own dna?
Here are the choices:
A. plastids
B. chromosomes
C. bacteria
D. polymers | Plastids are membrane-bound organelles with their own DNA. Examples are chloroplasts and chromoplasts. Chloroplasts contain the green pigment chlorophyll and carry out photosynthesis. Chromoplasts make and store other pigments. They give flower petals their bright colors. | A: plastids. |
Birds are the most numerous type of what vertebrates?
Here are the choices:
A. amphipod
B. arachnipod
C. ornithopod
D. tetrapod | Birds evolved from a reptile ancestor but they are very different from reptiles today. Birds are also the most numerous tetrapod vertebrates. | D: tetrapod. |
Viruses were assumed to exist before they were first seen with an electron microscope in which decade?
Here are the choices:
A. 1960's
B. 1890's
C. 1930 ' s
D. 1940's | Viruses were assumed to exist before they were first seen with an electron microscope in the 1930s. Multiple hypotheses for viral origins have been proposed. | C: 1930 ' s. |
Matter is always conserved in what type of reaction?
Here are the choices:
A. chemical reaction
B. toxic reaction
C. developed reaction
D. Quick reaction | In a chemical reaction, the quantity of each element does not change; there is the same amount of each element in the products as there was in the reactants. This is because matter is always conserved. The conservation of matter is reflected in a reaction’s chemical equation. The same number of atoms of each element ap... | A: chemical reaction. |
Most flowers carry both stamens and carpels; however, a few species are capable of what and are nicknamed "perfect" flowers?
Here are the choices:
A. sexual reproduction
B. cloning
C. germination
D. self-pollination | Most flowers carry both stamens and carpels; however, a few species self-pollinate. These are known as “perfect” flowers because they contain both types of sex organs (Figure 14.25. Biochemical and anatomical barriers to self-pollination promote cross-pollination. Self-pollination is a severe form of inbreeding, and ca... | D: self-pollination. |
The entry of food into the esophagus marks the beginning of the esophageal phase of deglutition and the initiation of this?
Here are the choices:
A. relaxation
B. peristalsis
C. propagation
D. digestion | The Esophageal Phase The entry of food into the esophagus marks the beginning of the esophageal phase of deglutition and the initiation of peristalsis. As in the previous phase, the complex neuromuscular actions are controlled by the medulla oblongata. Peristalsis propels the bolus through the esophagus and toward the ... | B: peristalsis. |
Where are the seeds in gymnosperms found?
Here are the choices:
A. in cones
B. in roots
C. in leaves
D. in folds | Gymnosperms have seeds, but they do not produce fruit. Instead, the seeds of gymnosperms are usually found in cones. | A: in cones. |
Oil is found in the porous rock layer and trapped by the what?
Here are the choices:
A. impermeable layer
B. mantle
C. crystalline layer
D. \ | Oil (red) is found in the porous rock layer (yellow) and trapped by the impermeable layer (brown). The folded structure has allowed the oil to pool so a well can be drilled into the reservoir. | A: impermeable layer. |
The number of valence electrons determines variation of what property in nonmetals?
Here are the choices:
A. reactivity
B. permeability
C. turbidity
D. density | Reactivity is how likely an element is to react chemically with other elements. Some nonmetals are extremely reactive, whereas others are completely nonreactive. What explains this variation in nonmetals? The answer is their number of valence electrons. These are the electrons in the outer energy level of an atom that ... | A: reactivity. |
Hydrogen and helium are specifically involved as reactants in what nuclear reaction that is useful for making energy?
Here are the choices:
A. radioactive fusion
B. nuclear fission
C. nuclear fusion
D. destructive fusion | The use of nuclear fusion for energy has several pros. Unlike nuclear fission, which involves dangerous radioactive elements, nuclear fusion involves just hydrogen and helium. These elements are harmless. Hydrogen is also very plentiful. There is a huge amount of hydrogen in ocean water. The hydrogen in just a gallon o... | C: nuclear fusion. |
What is the most widely used form of renewable energy in the world?
Here are the choices:
A. solar
B. hydropower
C. fossil fuel
D. wind | Moving water has energy ( Figure above ). That energy is used to make electricity. Hydroelectric power , or hydropower, harnesses the energy of water moving down a stream. Hydropower is the most widely used form of renewable energy in the world. This abundant energy source provides almost one fifth of the world’s elect... | B: hydropower. |
What energy is the energy of motion?
Here are the choices:
A. potential
B. optimal
C. thermal
D. kinetic | Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. Any object that is moving possesses kinetic energy. Baseball involves a great deal of kinetic energy. The pitcher throws a ball, imparting kinetic energy to the ball. When the batter swings, the motion of swinging creates kinetic energy in the bat. The collision of the bat with t... | D: kinetic. |
Where do stratus clouds occur in the troposphere?
Here are the choices:
A. low
B. mid to high region
C. high
D. mid-region | Stratus clouds occur low in the troposphere. They form in layers that spread horizontally and may cover the entire sky like a thick blanket. Stratus clouds that produce precipitation are called nimbostratus. The prefix nimbo- means “rain. ”. | A: low. |
What kind of movement do planets in the solar system make around the sun?
Here are the choices:
A. elliptical orbits
B. optical orbits
C. spinning orbits
D. round orbits | Flickr:Image Editor. Planets in the solar system make elliptical orbits around the Sun . CC BY 2.0. | A: elliptical orbits. |
Which process breaks down glucose to extract energy for cell metabolism?
Here are the choices:
A. glycolysis
B. photosynthesis
C. meiosis
D. mitosis | Glycolysis You have read that nearly all of the energy used by living things comes to them in the bonds of the sugar, glucose. Glycolysis is the first step in the breakdown of glucose to extract energy for cell metabolism. Many living organisms carry out glycolysis as part of their metabolism. Glycolysis takes place in... | A: glycolysis. |
What does fluorine attract better than any other element?
Here are the choices:
A. ionic bonds
B. shared electrons
C. magnets
D. electron shells | Valence electrons of both atoms are always involved when those two atoms come together to form a chemical bond. Chemical bonds are the basis for how elements combine with one another to form compounds. When these chemical bonds form, atoms of some elements have a greater ability to attract the valence electrons involve... | B: shared electrons. |
What term is used to describe the muscular canal (approximately 10 cm long) that serves as the entrance to the reproductive tract?
Here are the choices:
A. vagina
B. uterus
C. cervix
D. urethra | Vagina The vagina, shown at the bottom of Figure 27.9 and Figure 27.9, is a muscular canal (approximately 10 cm long) that serves as the entrance to the reproductive tract. It also serves as the exit from the uterus during menses and childbirth. The outer walls of the anterior and posterior vagina are formed into longi... | A: vagina. |
What type of energy travels through space as electrical and magnetic waves?
Here are the choices:
A. electromagnetic energy
B. solar energy
C. sound energy
D. mechanical energy | 4. Electromagnetic energy is energy that travels through space as electrical and magnetic waves. The light flooding the stage in the Figure above is one type of electromagnetic energy. Other types include radio waves, microwaves, X rays, and gamma rays. | A: electromagnetic energy. |
What are subatomic particles of the nucleus called?
Here are the choices:
A. cores
B. baryons
C. isotopes
D. nucleons | Summary Subatomic particles of the nucleus (protons and neutrons) are called nucleons. Anuclide is an atom with a particular number of protons and neutrons. An unstable nucleus that decays spontaneously is radioactive, and its emissions are collectively called radioactivity. Isotopes that emit radiation are calledradio... | D: nucleons. |
What blood pressure reading measures the pressure in the vessels between heartbeats?
Here are the choices:
A. diastolic
B. systolic
C. metabolic
D. plasma | 40.4 | Blood Flow and Blood Pressure Regulation By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Describe the system of blood flow through the body • Describe how blood pressure is regulated Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure exerted by blood on the walls of a blood vessel that helps to push blood through the body. ... | A: diastolic. |
What holds ionic and covalent compounds together?
Here are the choices:
A. gravity
B. magnetic force
C. water
D. electrostatic attractions | Ionic and covalent compounds are held together by electrostatic attractions between oppositely charged particles. Describe the differences in the nature of the attractions in ionic and covalent compounds. Which class of compounds contains pairs of electrons shared between bonded atoms?. | D: electrostatic attractions. |
Amines are bases; they react with acids to form what?
Here are the choices:
A. ions
B. oils
C. salts
D. proteins | Amines are bases; they react with acids to form salts. | C: salts. |
If water from a spring can't flow downwards, it can spread out to form one of 2 things. what are they?
Here are the choices:
A. ocean or river
B. ocean or sea
C. pond or lake
D. lake or ocean | Water flowing out of the ground at a spring may flow downhill and enter a stream. That’s what happens to the water that flows out of Big Spring in Missouri. If the water from a spring can’t flow downhill, it may spread out to form a pond or lake instead. Lake George in New York State, which is pictured in Figure below ... | C: pond or lake. |
Energy is lost as heat between each trophic level due to the second law of what?
Here are the choices:
A. thermodynamics
B. particles
C. chemistry
D. reactions | One major factor that limits the length of food chains is energy. Energy is lost as heat between each trophic level due to the second law of thermodynamics. Thus, after a limited number of trophic energy transfers, the amount of energy remaining in the food chain may not be great enough to support viable populations at... | A: thermodynamics. |
What are electrons in the outer energy level of an atom called?
Here are the choices:
A. shell electrons
B. outer electrons
C. positive electrons
D. valence electrons | The electrons in the outer energy level of an atom are called valence electrons . It is valence electrons that are potentially involved in chemical reactions. The number of valence electrons determines an element’s reactivity, or how likely the element is to react with other elements. The number of valence electrons al... | D: valence electrons. |
Halogens tend to form salts with what type of element?
Here are the choices:
A. metals
B. nonmetals
C. metalloids
D. man-made | Halogens have filled valence electron configurations. Halogens tend to form salts with metals. As the free elements, halogens are monatomic. Halogens have appreciable nonmetallic character. Halogens tend to have an oxidation state of −1. Halogens are good reductants. | A: metals. |
The voltage is measured using a voltmeter, which measures which difference across two points?
Here are the choices:
A. average difference
B. actual difference
C. potential difference
D. Distance | A uniform electric field makes it easier to measure the difference in electric potential energy. This energy, also called the electric potential difference is commonly referred to as the voltage , based on the unit, volt (V). To measure the voltage across some distance, it is necessary to pick a position to be the rela... | C: potential difference. |
What is the vertical extent of ocean water called?
Here are the choices:
A. ocean column
B. water column
C. oceanic pillar
D. water row | Scientists refer to the vertical extent of ocean water as the water column . Two main zones based on depth of water are the photic zone and aphotic zone. The photic zone is the top 200 meters of water. The aphotic zone is water deeper than 200 meters. The deeper you go, the darker the water gets. That’s because sunligh... | B: water column. |
Echinoderms are found in many different ocean environments, but most are found where?
Here are the choices:
A. in reefs
B. in beaches
C. in waterfalls
D. in tidepools | Echinoderms are found in many different ocean environments, but most are found in reefs. | A: in reefs. |
A convergent plate boundary is created when two plates do what?
Here are the choices:
A. move away from each other
B. come toward each other
C. stay stationary
D. move perpendicular to each other | When two plates come toward each other, they create a convergent plate boundary. | B: come toward each other. |
When volcanoes erupt, what from the mantle is released as carbon dioxide into the air?
Here are the choices:
A. hydrogen
B. carbon
C. vapor
D. lava | Carbon from decaying organisms enters the ground. Some carbon is stored in the soil. Some carbon may be stored underground for millions of years. This will form fossil fuels. When volcanoes erupt, carbon from the mantle is released as carbon dioxide into the air. Producers take in the carbon dioxide to make food. Then ... | B: carbon. |
Sepals, petals, pistils, and stamens are contained in all what, which are actually modified leaves or sporophylls organized around a central stalk?
Here are the choices:
A. stems
B. chlorophyll
C. flowers
D. roots | Flowers Flowers are modified leaves or sporophylls organized around a central stalk. Although they vary greatly in appearance, all flowers contain the same structures: sepals, petals, pistils, and stamens. A whorl of sepals (the calyx) is located at the base of the peduncle, or stem, and encloses the floral bud before ... | C: flowers. |
What do cells do in order to replace damaged or worn out cells?
Here are the choices:
A. divide
B. replicate
C. fold
D. die | Cells also divide in order to replace damaged or worn-out cells. | A: divide. |
What kind of agriculture destroyed about 10% of madagascar's native plants?
Here are the choices:
A. fertilizer use
B. hybridization
C. slash-and-burn
D. crop rotation | Another example of species loss due to habitat destruction happened on Madagascar’s central highland plateau. From 1970 to 2000, slash-and-burn agriculture destroyed about 10% of the country’s total native plants. The area turned into a wasteland. Soil from erosion entered the waterways. Much of the river ecosystems of... | C: slash-and-burn. |
Chloroplasts are the little green particles in plants made up of what colorful pigment?
Here are the choices:
A. melanin
B. verdigris
C. carbonate
D. chlorophyll | D: chlorophyll. | |
What is the largest organ of the human body?
Here are the choices:
A. your blood
B. your brain
C. your skin
D. your lungs | You couldn’t survive without your skin. It has many important functions. In several ways, it helps maintain homeostasis. The main function of the skin is controlling what enters and leaves the body. It prevents the loss of too much water from the body. It also prevents bacteria and other microorganisms from entering th... | C: your skin. |
What kind of charge does a proton have?
Here are the choices:
A. constant
B. negative
C. positive
D. ionic | Electric charge is a physical property of particles or objects that causes them to attract or repel each other without touching. All electric charge is based on the protons and electrons in atoms. A proton has a positive electric charge, and an electron has a negative electric charge (see Figure below ). | C: positive. |
What are boggy regions with thick layers of peat called?
Here are the choices:
A. tropics
B. wetlands
C. peatlands
D. meadows | C: peatlands. | |
What type of compounds make up the cells and tissues of living things?
Here are the choices:
A. microbial
B. biochemical
C. proximal
D. hormonal | Biochemical compounds make up the cells and tissues of living things. They are also involved in all life processes. Given their diversity of functions, it’s not surprising that there are millions of different biochemical compounds. Even so, all biochemical compounds can be grouped into just four main classes: carbohydr... | B: biochemical. |
Anything that has mass and takes up space is considered what?
Here are the choices:
A. energy
B. power
C. matter
D. light | Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Matter is everywhere. The air we breathe, the water we drink, the food we eat, and the ground we walk on are all comprised of matter. Matter can take on a variety of different forms which all have a variety of different properties. In this chapter, we will introduce ... | C: matter. |
What will you see if you look at a star through a prism?
Here are the choices:
A. kaleidoscope
B. spectrum
C. spots
D. rainbow | If you look at a star through a prism, you will see a spectrum . The spectrum is the range of colors seen in a rainbow. The spectrum has specific dark bands where elements in the star have absorbed light of certain energies. An astronomer can use these lines to determine which elements are in a distant star. In fact, t... | B: spectrum. |
Where is most digestion completed?
Here are the choices:
A. the stomach
B. the duodenum
C. the esophagus
D. the cavity | B: the duodenum. | |
Explosive eruptions associated with what can be tens of thousands of times as powerful as an atomic bomb?
Here are the choices:
A. forest fires
B. volcanoes
C. earthquakes
D. hurricanes | An explosive eruption produces huge clouds of volcanic ash. Chunks of the volcano fly high into the atmosphere. Explosive eruptions can be tens of thousands of times as powerful as an atomic bomb ( Figure below ). Hot magma beneath the surface mixes with water. This forms gases. The gas pressure grows until it must be ... | B: volcanoes. |
What gland secretes its products directly into the urethra through several small ducts
Here are the choices:
A. adrenal
B. prostate
C. thyroid
D. pituitary | B: prostate. | |
The complete combustion of alkanes to carbon dioxide is an extremely __________ reaction.
Here are the choices:
A. geothermal
B. exothermic
C. hydrolic
D. reactive | Each step in the process is either a gain of oxygen or a loss of hydrogen. Each step also releases energy, which explains why the complete combustion of alkanes to carbon dioxide is an extremely exothermic reaction. | B: exothermic. |
What is the study of structure, properties, and interactions of matter?
Here are the choices:
A. geology
B. biology
C. petrology
D. chemistry | Chemistry is the study of the structure, properties, and interactions of matter. Important concepts in chemistry include physical changes, such as water freezing, and chemical reactions, such as fireworks exploding. Chemistry concepts can answer all the questions on the left page of the notebook in Figure below . Do yo... | D: chemistry. |
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