questions stringlengths 37 1.22k | reasoning stringlengths 0 3.56k ⌀ | answers stringlengths 4 138 |
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Metamorphic rocks form when an existing rock is changed by heat or what?
Here are the choices:
A. cold
B. chemical reaction
C. pressure
D. radiation | Metamorphic rocks form when an existing rock is changed by heat or pressure. The minerals in the rock change but do not melt. The rock experiences these changes within the Earth. | C: pressure. |
What anatomical structure serves as the conduit of the oocyte from the ovary to the uterus?
Here are the choices:
A. ureters
B. nephrons
C. uterine tubes
D. urethra | The Uterine Tubes The uterine tubes (also called fallopian tubes or oviducts) serve as the conduit of the oocyte from the ovary to the uterus (Figure 27.14). Each of the two uterine tubes is close to, but not directly connected to, the ovary and divided into sections. The isthmus is the narrow medial end of each uterin... | C: uterine tubes. |
What cell structures are like storage centers and tend to be larger in plant cells?
Here are the choices:
A. tubules
B. alleles
C. vacuoles
D. nuclei | The vacuoles are like storage centers. Plant cells have larger vacuoles than animal cells. Plants store water and nutrients in their large central vacuoles. | C: vacuoles. |
Oscillations in the transcription of certain genes are at the heart of the molecular mechanisms underlying what biological rhythms?
Here are the choices:
A. brain rhythms
B. circadian rhythms
C. metastasis rhythms
D. reproductive rhythms | B: circadian rhythms. | |
Give an example of a ball-and-socket joint, which has the greatest range of motion, allowing movement in several directions.
Here are the choices:
A. lever
B. shoulder
C. monkey wrench
D. pulley | There are a variety of types of movable joints, which are illustrated in Figure below . The joints are classified by how they move. For example, a ball-and-socket joint , such as the shoulder, has the greatest range of motion, allowing movement in several directions. Other movable joints, including hinge joints such as... | B: shoulder. |
Difference in electric potential energy are measured in what basic unit?
Here are the choices:
A. volts
B. moles
C. watts
D. knots | The difference in electric potential energy is measured with a voltmeter in units called volts. | A: volts. |
How many stars are in our solar system?
Here are the choices:
A. three
B. one
C. none
D. two | Our solar system has only one star. But many stars are in systems of two or more stars. Two stars that orbit each other are called a binary star system . If more than two stars orbit each other, it is called a multiple star system. Figure below shows two binary star systems orbiting each other. This creates an unusual ... | B: one. |
Landslides and mudslides are the most destructive types of what geologic phenomenon?
Here are the choices:
A. formation movement
B. land momentum
C. intensity movement
D. mass movement | The most destructive types of mass movement are landslides and mudslides. Both occur suddenly. | D: mass movement. |
What scientific word, which gives its name to a type of rock, means "to change form"?
Here are the choices:
A. evaporation
B. evolution
C. igneous
D. metamorphism | Metamorphism. This long word means “to change form. “ A rock undergoes metamorphism if it is exposed to extreme heat and pressure within the crust. With metamorphism , the rock does not melt all the way. The rock changes due to heat and pressure. A metamorphic rock may have a new mineral composition and/or texture. | D: metamorphism. |
The sporophyte phase is the longest phase in the life of what?
Here are the choices:
A. angiosperm
B. gymnosperm
C. echinoderm
D. arthropod | Figure 26.8 illustrates the life cycle of a conifer. The sporophyte (2n) phase is the longest phase in the life of a gymnosperm. The gametophytes (1n)—microspores and megaspores—are reduced in size. It may take more than year between pollination and fertilization while the pollen tube grows towards the megasporocyte (2... | B: gymnosperm. |
Hair color and skin color are known as what?
Here are the choices:
A. habits
B. traits
C. mutations
D. abominations | What is the difference between a trait and a genetic disorder ? Could a disorder be considered a trait? We tend to think of traits as hair color or skin color and disorders as something that is bad for you. But in terms of genetics, a genetic disorder is a trait. Both may be due to your genes. Traits may be inherited i... | B: traits. |
Amines are classified according to the number of carbon atoms bonded directly to what atom?
Here are the choices:
A. oxygen
B. helium
C. hydrogen
D. nitrogen | 15.11 Amines: Structures and Names LEARNING OBJECTIVES Identify the general structure for an amine. Identify the functional group for amines. Determine the structural feature that classifies amines as primary, secondary, or tertiary. Use nomenclature systems to name amines. Amines are classified according to the number... | D: nitrogen. |
Because core electrons are closer to the nucleus, they are not involved in what?
Here are the choices:
A. splitting
B. bonding
C. fission
D. diffusion | Core electrons are the electrons that are closer to the nucleus and therefore do not participate in bonding. | B: bonding. |
The upper portion of the septum is formed by the perpendicular plate of which bone?
Here are the choices:
A. ethmoid bone
B. concomitant bone
C. colossal bone
D. duodenum bone | The Nasal Septum and Nasal Conchae The nasal septum consists of both bone and cartilage components (Figure 7.17; see also Figure 7.11). The upper portion of the septum is formed by the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone. The lower and posterior parts of the septum are formed by the triangular-shaped vomer bone. In... | A: ethmoid bone. |
Cells in green algae divide along cell plates called what?
Here are the choices:
A. phragmoplasts
B. xanthophylls
C. chloroplasts
D. cellulose | Streptophytes Until recently, all photosynthetic eukaryotes were considered members of the kingdom Plantae. The brown, red, and gold algae, however, have been reassigned to the Protista kingdom. This is because apart from their ability to capture light energy and fix CO2, they lack many structural and biochemical trait... | A: phragmoplasts. |
What are saprobes that decompose organic matter?
Here are the choices:
A. chordates
B. sponges
C. protists
D. fungi | 24.3 Ecology of Fungi Fungi have colonized nearly all environments on Earth, but are frequently found in cool, dark, moist places with a supply of decaying material. Fungi are saprobes that decompose organic matter. Many successful mutualistic relationships involve a fungus and another organism. Many fungi establish co... | D: fungi. |
Because complex plant carbohydrates such as cellulose are more difficult to digest, what animal diet is associated with a complicated digestive system?
Here are the choices:
A. herbivore
B. omnivore
C. carnivore
D. polyvore | Different diets require different types of digestive systems. Mammals that eat a carnivorous diet generally have a relatively simple digestive system. Their food consists mainly of proteins and fats that are easily and quickly digested. Herbivorous mammals, on the other hand, tend to have a more complicated digestive s... | A: herbivore. |
What are all cells surrounded by?
Here are the choices:
A. amino acids
B. cytoplasm
C. cell membrane
D. cell substrate | Heat waves have increased in frequency and duration in recent years. The summer 2011 North American heat wave brought record temperatures across the Midwestern and Eastern United States. Many states and localities broke records for temperature and for the most days above 100 o F. | C: cell membrane. |
The leaves of all of what type of plants have two basic parts in common: the blade and petiole?
Here are the choices:
A. flowering plants
B. perennials
C. deciduous
D. evergreen | Flowering vascular plants also have diverse leaves. However, the leaves of all flowering plants have two basic parts in common: the blade and petiole (see Figure above ). The blade of the leaf is the relatively wide, flat part of the leaf that gathers sunlight and undergoes photosynthesis. The petiole is the part that ... | A: flowering plants. |
Through what do plants move enormous amounts of water from the soil to the atmosphere?
Here are the choices:
A. respiration
B. evaporation
C. transpiration
D. perspiration | Plants recycle matter in biogeochemical cycles. For example, through transpiration, plants move enormous amounts of water from the soil to the atmosphere. Plants such as peas host bacteria that fix nitrogen. This makes nitrogen available to all plants, which pass it on to consumers. | C: transpiration. |
What explains why two different species cannot occupy the same niche in the same place for very long?
Here are the choices:
A. natural selection
B. competive exclusion princple
C. evolution
D. survival exclusion princple | A given habitat may contain many different species, but each species must have a different niche. Two different species cannot occupy the same niche in the same place for very long. This is known as the competitive exclusion principle . If two species were to occupy the same niche, what do you think would happen? They ... | B: competive exclusion princple. |
The cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells has a high concentration of dissolved solutes. therefore, the osmotic pressure within the cell is what?
Here are the choices:
A. relative
B. relatively high
C. relatively low
D. relatively normal | The Cell Wall The cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells has a high concentration of dissolved solutes. Therefore, the osmotic pressure within the cell is relatively high. The cell wall is a protective layer that surrounds some cells and gives them shape and rigidity. It is located outside the cell membrane and prevents osmoti... | B: relatively high. |
What are the ultimate source of genetic variation?
Here are the choices:
A. parasites
B. gravity
C. proteins
D. mutations | Mutations and evolution There are often multiple alleles of a particular gene in the population and they all may be equally normal, that is have similar effects on reproductive success andin terms of the phenotypes they produce. If there is no significant selective advantage between them, their relative frequencies wit... | D: mutations. |
The electron beam scans the surface of the sample, usually coated with a thin film of which metal?
Here are the choices:
A. copper
B. silver
C. platinum
D. gold | D: gold. | |
In a longitudinal wave, what term is a measure of how compressed particles of the medium become when the wave passes through?
Here are the choices:
A. magnitude
B. frequency
C. voltage
D. amplitude | In a longitudinal wave, amplitude is a measure of how compressed particles of the medium become when the wave passes through. The closer together the particles are, the greater the amplitude. | D: amplitude. |
All cells have certain parts in common. these parts include the cell membrane, cytoplasm, dna, and what?
Here are the choices:
A. ribosomes
B. lipids
C. chromosomes
D. crystals | All cells have certain parts in common. These parts include the cell membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, and ribosomes. | A: ribosomes. |
Competition within a species is called what?
Here are the choices:
A. reproducible competition
B. species competion
C. intraspecific competition
D. internal competition | Competition within a species is called intraspecific competition. It leads to natural selection within the species, so the species becomes better adapted to its environment. | C: intraspecific competition. |
What occurs when rain falls more quickly than water can be absorbed into the ground or carried away by rivers or streams?
Here are the choices:
A. landslides
B. typhoons
C. greenhouse effect
D. floods | Floods may occur when deep snow melts quickly in the spring. More often, floods are due to heavy rainfall. Floods happen when rain falls more quickly than water can be absorbed into the ground or carried away by rivers or streams. | D: floods. |
What are the building blocks of dna?
Here are the choices:
A. peptides
B. nucleotides
C. genes
D. prokaryotes | The building blocks of DNA are nucleotides. The important components of the nucleotide are a nitrogenous base, deoxyribose (5-carbon sugar), and a phosphate group (Figure 14.5). The nucleotide is named depending on the nitrogenous base. The nitrogenous base can be a purine such as adenine (A) and guanine (G), or a pyri... | B: nucleotides. |
Each line in a structural formula represents a pair of shared what?
Here are the choices:
A. electrons
B. waves
C. atoms
D. ions | A: electrons. | |
What do vertebrate chordates possess that invertebrate chordates do not?
Here are the choices:
A. backbone
B. Milk production
C. parasite
D. Thumb | Chordates include vertebrates and invertebrates that have a notochord. Chordates also have a post-anal tail, dorsal hollow nerve cord, and pharyngeal slits. Vertebrate chordates have a backbone, while invertebrate chordates do not. Invertebrate chordates include tunicates and lancelets; both are primitive marine organi... | A: backbone. |
In vascular plants, what two basic structures are made of dermal, vascular, and ground tissues?
Here are the choices:
A. roots and seed
B. fruits and nuts
C. stems and flowers
D. roots and stems | Like roots, the stems of vascular plants are made of dermal, vascular, and ground tissues. | D: roots and stems. |
What is the process resulting in living things with beneficial traits producing more offspring?
Here are the choices:
A. Natural choice.
B. fluid selection
C. natural change
D. natural selection | The other idea is that evolution occurs by natural selection . Natural selection is the process that results in living things with beneficial traits producing more offspring than others. This results in changes in the traits of living things over time. | D: natural selection. |
Solar cells create voltages directly from light, while thermoelectric devices create voltage from differences in what?
Here are the choices:
A. wire width
B. wattage
C. temperature
D. oxygen | Electromotive Force You can think of many different types of voltage sources. Batteries themselves come in many varieties. There are many types of mechanical/electrical generators, driven by many different energy sources, ranging from nuclear to wind. Solar cells create voltages directly from light, while thermoelectri... | C: temperature. |
What theory goes beyond classical mechanics to describe the behavior of near-light-speed objects?
Here are the choices:
A. simple relativity
B. spacial relativity
C. normal relativity
D. special relativity | A great many experiments have been performed to test the predictions of special relativity. No contradictions have been found. Scientists have therefore accepted special relativity as an accurate description of nature. When the relative velocities of objects are considerably less than the speed of light, the formulas f... | D: special relativity. |
What type of structure between the esophagus and the stomach normally opens only when a bolus arrives?
Here are the choices:
A. gland
B. larynx
C. sphincter
D. intestine | C: sphincter. | |
Viroids are plant pathogens much simpler than what, but like them can reproduce only within a host cell?
Here are the choices:
A. viruses
B. pests
C. bacteria
D. parasites | Viroids Viroids are plant pathogens: small, single-stranded, circular RNA particles that are much simpler than a virus. They do not have a capsid or outer envelope, but like viruses can reproduce only within a host cell. Viroids do not, however, manufacture any proteins, and they only produce a single, specific RNA mol... | A: viruses. |
"crossing over" occurs during what phase of mitosis?
Here are the choices:
A. prophase VI
B. prophase i
C. prophase iii
D. Prophase ii | B: prophase i. | |
What is the preferred food for almost all primates except for humans?
Here are the choices:
A. grass
B. corn
C. wheat
D. fruit | Fruit is the preferred food for almost all primates except humans. However, most primate species are omnivorous and consume a variety of plant and animal foods. For example, they may eat leaves, seeds, bird eggs, insects, and other small animals. Chimpanzees may band together and hunt for animals to kill and eat. They ... | D: fruit. |
What property means that something can return to its original shape after being stretched or compressed?
Here are the choices:
A. homeostasis
B. friction
C. viscosity
D. elasticity | Something that is elastic can return to its original shape after being stretched or compressed. This property is called elasticity . As you stretch or compress an elastic material like a bungee cord, it resists the change in shape. It exerts a counter force in the opposite direction. This force is called elastic force ... | D: elasticity. |
Where does all igneous rock come from?
Here are the choices:
A. stratosphere
B. oceans
C. the moon
D. magma or lava | Great volcanic explosions and glowing red rivers of lava are fascinating. All igneous rock comes from magma or lava. Remember that magma is molten rock that is below Earth's surface. Lava is molten rock at Earth's surface. | D: magma or lava. |
Three ways that waves may interact with matter are reflection, refraction, and what?
Here are the choices:
A. absorption
B. dispose
C. distortion
D. diffraction | Three ways that waves may interact with matter are reflection, refraction, and diffraction. | D: diffraction. |
Sucrose consists of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of what else?
Here are the choices:
A. alcohol
B. fructose
C. lactose
D. protein | You can see the structural formula of glucose and two other sugars in Figure below . The other sugars in the figure are fructose and sucrose. Fructose is an isomer of glucose. It is found in fruits. It has the same atoms as glucose, but they are arranged differently. Sucrose is table sugar. It consists of one molecule ... | B: fructose. |
Many countries have attempted to reduce the human impact on climate change by reducing their emission of what greenhouse gas?
Here are the choices:
A. carbon dioxide
B. nitrous oxide
C. acid dioxide
D. methane | Efforts to control population growth led to the one-child policy in China, which used to include more severe consequences, but now imposes fines on urban couples who have more than one child. Due to the fact that some couples wish to have a male heir, many Chinese couples continue to have more than one child. The polic... | A: carbon dioxide. |
What occurs when arterioles lose their normal muscular tone and dilate dramatically?
Here are the choices:
A. vascular shock
B. respiration shock
C. cardio shock
D. congenital shock | • Vascular shock occurs when arterioles lose their normal muscular tone and dilate dramatically. It may arise from a variety of causes, and treatments almost always involve fluid replacement and medications, called inotropic or pressor agents, which restore tone to the muscles of the vessels. In addition, eliminating o... | A: vascular shock. |
Large or small numbers are expressed in scientific notation, which use powers of this?
Here are the choices:
A. 4
B. 2
C. 10
D. 16 | Large or small numbers are expressed in scientific notation, which use powers of 10. | C: 10. |
Budding in sponges is a form of what type of reproduction?
Here are the choices:
A. reasonable
B. competitive
C. sexual
D. asexual | Sponges reproduce both asexually and sexually. Asexual reproduction occurs by budding. Sexual reproduction occurs by the production of eggs and sperm. Males release sperm into the water through the osculum. Sperm may enter a female sponge through a pore and fertilize her eggs. The resulting zygotes develop into larvae. | D: asexual. |
Behaviors that are closely controlled by genes and have little to no environmental influence are called what kinds of behaviors?
Here are the choices:
A. generalized behaviors
B. diverse behaviors
C. learned behaviors
D. innate behaviors | Behaviors that are closely controlled by genes with little or no environmental influence are called innate behaviors . These are behaviors that occur naturally in all members of a species whenever they are exposed to a certain stimulus . Innate behaviors do not have to be learned or practiced. They are also called inst... | D: innate behaviors. |
Mutations which benefit the organism in which they occur are known as?
Here are the choices:
A. extraordinary mutations
B. helpful mutations
C. healthy mutations
D. beneficial mutations | Some mutations have a positive effect on the organism in which they occur. They are called beneficial mutations . They lead to new versions of proteins that help organisms adapt to changes in their environment. Beneficial mutations are essential for evolution to occur. They increase an organism’s changes of surviving o... | D: beneficial mutations. |
When gas particles collide, what kinds of collisions are these considered?
Here are the choices:
A. perfect
B. elastic
C. conservative
D. inelastic | Collisions of gas particles are elastic, so no energy is lost. | B: elastic. |
Around 1200 species of what broad animal group are currently at risk of extinction due to human activity?
Here are the choices:
A. reptiles
B. amphibians
C. birds
D. mammals | Today, some 1,200 species of birds are threatened with extinction by human actions. Humans need to take steps to protect this precious and important natural resource. What can you do to help?. | C: birds. |
The galápagos islands are a group of 16 volcanic islands 600 miles off the west coast of what continent?
Here are the choices:
A. south america
B. asia
C. europe
D. north america | The Galápagos Islands are a group of 16 volcanic islands 600 miles off the west coast of South America. The islands are famous for their many species found nowhere else. It was on these islands where Darwin began to develop his theory of evolution. | A: south america. |
What structures on the gastrodermal cells keep the contents of the gastrovascular cavity agitated and help distribute nutrients?
Here are the choices:
A. nucleus
B. sporangia
C. telomeres
D. flagella | D: flagella. | |
What is the factor that affects the solubility of solutes in all three states?
Here are the choices:
A. temperature
B. color
C. heat
D. oxygen | Temperature affects the solubility of solutes in all three states. Pressure also affects the solubility of gases. | A: temperature. |
What kind of ph would you find in water from bogs?
Here are the choices:
A. lower ph
B. regular ph
C. higher ph
D. normal ph | 44.4 Aquatic Biomes Aquatic ecosystems include both saltwater and freshwater biomes. The abiotic factors important for the structuring of aquatic ecosystems can be different than those seen in terrestrial systems. Sunlight is a driving force behind the structure of forests and also is an important factor in bodies of w... | A: lower ph. |
Where do most of the digestion reactions occur?
Here are the choices:
A. large intestine
B. mouth
C. liver
D. small intestine | Most of the digestion reactions occur in the small intestine. | D: small intestine. |
What is the name of the process where light is produced without heat?
Here are the choices:
A. fluorescence
B. effervescence
C. radiation
D. luminescence | Some objects produce light without becoming very hot. They generate light through chemical reactions or other processes. Producing light without heat is called luminescence . Luminescence, in turn, can occur in several different ways:. | D: luminescence. |
Meats and dairy products link to photosynthesis because the animals were fed what?
Here are the choices:
A. plant-based foods
B. carnivorous diets
C. biofuel
D. chloroplasts | Major grocery stores in the United States are organized into departments, such as dairy, meats, produce, bread, cereals, and so forth. Each aisle contains hundreds, if not thousands, of different products for customers to buy and consume (Figure 5.4). Although there is a large variety, each item links back to photosynt... | A: plant-based foods. |
What the scientific concept stating that when looking at two competing theories, the one with fewer assumptions should be chosen?
Here are the choices:
A. law of averages
B. law of thermodynamics
C. law of simplicity
D. law of parsimony | The formation of scientific theories is generally guided by the law of parsimony. The word parsimony means “thriftiness. ” The law of parsimony states that, when choosing between competing theories, you should select the theory that makes the fewest assumptions. In other words, the simpler theory is more likely to be c... | D: law of parsimony. |
What type of map would show average temperatures and rainfall?
Here are the choices:
A. climate map
B. carbon map
C. landscape map
D. rainfall map | Climate maps show average temperatures and rainfall. | A: climate map. |
What is the name of the sugar that plants produce to be used as food?
Here are the choices:
A. chlorophyll
B. glucose
C. insulin
D. glucosamine | B: glucose. | |
Just under their skin, marine mammals have a very thick layer of insulating fat called what?
Here are the choices:
A. cellulose
B. lipisomes
C. tissue
D. blubber | D: blubber. | |
While in the lungs, blood gives up carbon dioxide and picks up what element before returning to the heart?
Here are the choices:
A. oxygen
B. nitrogen
C. methane
D. hydrogen | Pulmonary circulation is the part of the circulatory system that carries blood between the heart and lungs (the term pulmonary means “of the lungs”). It is illustrated in Figure below . Deoxygenated blood leaves the right ventricle through pulmonary arteries, which transport it to the lungs. In the lungs, the blood giv... | A: oxygen. |
White blood cells called what travel to areas of the body that are inflamed?
Here are the choices:
A. spirochetes
B. gametocytes
C. platelets
D. phagocytes | White blood cells called phagocytes travel to areas of the body that are inflamed. | D: phagocytes. |
How many valence electrons can be found in a carbon atom?
Here are the choices:
A. four
B. five
C. three
D. One | Let’s briefly review the basics of covalent bonding as they pertain to carbon. Carbon has four valence electrons, which have a 2s 2 2p 2 configuration in isolated carbon atoms. These four electrons allow carbon to form four covalent bonds, which can mean four single bonds or some combination of single, double, and trip... | A: four. |
Diaphragm, lungs, and trachea take air deep into the body and provide oxygen gas to what?
Here are the choices:
A. molecules
B. bloodstream
C. brain
D. heart | (left) The human respiratory system is only part of the story of respiration. Diaphragm, lungs, and trachea take air deep into the body and provide oxygen gas to the bloodstream. The fate of that oxygen is the story of cellular respiration. (center) Spiracles in this Cluentius Sphinx ( Neococytius cluentius ) caterpill... | B: bloodstream. |
What gases move in and out of blood during gas exchange?
Here are the choices:
A. oxygen, carbon monoxide
B. oxygen, nitrogen
C. oxygen, carbon dioxide
D. nitrogen, carbon dioxide | User:helix84/Wikimedia Commons. Gas exchange is the movement of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out of the blood . CC BY 2.5. | C: oxygen, carbon dioxide. |
What keeps various species from mating and reproducing outside their own species?
Here are the choices:
A. brain organ incompatibility
B. digestive system incompatibility
C. reproductive organ incompatibility
D. cancer organ incompatibility | Figure 18.19 The shape of the male reproductive organ varies among male damselfly species, and is only compatible with the female of that species. Reproductive organ incompatibility keeps the species reproductively isolated. | C: reproductive organ incompatibility. |
A refrigerator must do work to reverse the normal direction of what?
Here are the choices:
A. thermal energy flow
B. spectral energy flow
C. visible energy flow
D. coolant energy flow | A refrigerator must do work to reverse the normal direction of thermal energy flow. Work involves the use of force to move something, and doing work takes energy. In a refrigerator, the energy is usually provided by electricity. You can read in detail in the Figure below how a refrigerator does its work. For an animati... | A: thermal energy flow. |
The bone matrix consists of tough protein fibers—mainly what?
Here are the choices:
A. hemoglobin
B. tendons
C. collagen
D. tissues | Many people think of bones as being dead, dry, and brittle. These adjectives correctly describe the bones of a preserved skeleton, but the bones in a living human being are very much alive. As shown in Figure below , the basic structure of bones is bone matrix , which forms the underlying rigid framework of bones, form... | C: collagen. |
Alkynes are what type of compound?
Here are the choices:
A. Split Hydrocarbons
B. unsaturated hydrocarbons
C. proteins hydrocarbons
D. reversible hydrocarbons | Unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain one or more triple bonds are called alkynes . The names of specific alkynes always end in –yne and have a prefix for the number of carbon atoms. The structural formula in the Figure below represents the smallest alkyne, named ethyne, which has two carbon atoms and two hydrogen atom... | B: unsaturated hydrocarbons. |
Solar cells turn sunlight directly into what?
Here are the choices:
A. cold
B. water
C. gas
D. electricity | Solar energy is used to heat homes and water, and to make electricity. Scientists and engineers have many ways to get energy from the Sun ( Figure below ). One is by using solar cells. Solar cells are devices that turn sunlight directly into electricity. Lots of solar cells make up an individual solar panel. You may ha... | D: electricity. |
What type of invertebrate typically has a single spiraled shell?
Here are the choices:
A. anthropod
B. bipod
C. gastropod
D. arthropod | C: gastropod. | |
What are nutrients the body needs in relatively large amounts called?
Here are the choices:
A. abundances
B. macronutrients
C. adulterants
D. vitamins | Nutrients the body needs in relatively large amounts are called macronutrients . They include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and water. All macronutrients except water can be used by the body for energy. (The energy in food is measured in a unit called a Calorie . ) The exact amount of each macronutrient that an indi... | B: macronutrients. |
What is observed when two perpendicular flagella moves?
Here are the choices:
A. turning motion
B. shaking motion
C. pushing motion
D. spinning motion | Figure 23.12 The dinoflagellates exhibit great diversity in shape. Many are encased in cellulose armor and have two flagella that fit in grooves between the plates. Movement of these two perpendicular flagella causes a spinning motion. | D: spinning motion. |
What is the name of a branch of the chemistry that deals with the interconversion of chemical energy and electrical energy?
Here are the choices:
A. Biochemistry
B. Inorganic chemistry
C. electrochemistry
D. Theoretical Chemistry | Chemical reactions either absorb or release energy, which can be in the form of electricity. Electrochemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the interconversion of chemical energy and electrical energy. Electrochemistry has many common applications in everyday life. All sorts of batteries, from those used to ... | C: electrochemistry. |
Which system in the body exchanges gases with the outside air?
Here are the choices:
A. vascular
B. digestive
C. respiratory
D. immune | The respiratory system is the body system that exchanges gases with the outside air. It brings air containing oxygen into the body for the cells. It also releases carbon dioxide from the cells into the air. This exchange of gases is called respiration. | C: respiratory. |
What is a double membrane of the nucleus that encloses the genetic material?
Here are the choices:
A. the complex envelope
B. the nuclear compression
C. the cell wall
D. the nuclear envelope | The nuclear envelope is a double membrane of the nucleus that encloses the genetic material. It separates the contents of the nucleus from the cytoplasm. The nuclear envelope is made of two phospholipid bilayers, an inner membrane and an outer membrane. The outer membrane is continuous with the rough endoplasmic reticu... | D: the nuclear envelope. |
What is the highest taxon in the classification of living things?
Here are the choices:
A. a phylum
B. a domain
C. a class
D. a family | Prokaryotes are currently placed in two domains. A domain is the highest taxon in the classification of living things. It's even higher than the kingdom. | B: a domain. |
Animal-like protists are called what?
Here are the choices:
A. genus
B. protozoa
C. larvae
D. bacteria | Animal-like protists are called protozoa. Protozoa are single-celled eukaryotes that share some traits with animals. Like animals, they can move, and they are heterotrophs . That means they eat things outside of themselves instead of producing their own food. Animal-like protists are very small, measuring only about 0.... | B: protozoa. |
Mating with no strong pair-bonds is called?
Here are the choices:
A. covalent
B. heterogeneous
C. promiscuous
D. mutual | C: promiscuous. | |
Rna is especially important during synthesis of what?
Here are the choices:
A. mitochondria
B. glucose
C. protein
D. sulfur | RNA, the other nucleic acid. RNA has many important functions, especially during protein synthesis. And what allows it to be involved in protein synthesis is its ability to fold into three-dimensional structures, giving the molecule specific functions. This structure depicts an RNA molecule. the numerous secondary stru... | C: protein. |
Like other bryophytes, moss plants spend most of their life cycle as what?
Here are the choices:
A. gametophytes
B. copepods
C. zygotes
D. protozoa | Eleutherozoa are the echinoderms that can move. This group includes the starfish and most other echinoderms. | A: gametophytes. |
What is the ring of hooks tapeworms use to attach themselves?
Here are the choices:
A. flagella
B. scolex
C. dewlap
D. cilia | Tapeworms and flukes have suckers and other structures for feeding on a host. Tapeworms also have a scolex , a ring of hooks on their head to attach themselves to the host (see Figure below ). Unlike other invertebrates, tapeworms lack a mouth and digestive system. Instead, they absorb nutrients directly from the host’... | B: scolex. |
What form because water erodes the outside of curves and deposits eroded material on the inside?
Here are the choices:
A. caverns
B. meanders
C. inlets
D. cascades | Meanders form because water erodes the outside of curves and deposits eroded material on the inside. Over time, the curves shift position. | B: meanders. |
Which waterfall series is the largest on the planet?
Here are the choices:
A. niagara falls
B. angel falls
C. iguassu falls
D. yosemite falls | Another name for this compound is…water. Water can create some absolutely beautiful sights. Iguassu Falls is the largest series of waterfalls on the planet, located in Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay. And water is necessary for life. Water, like carbon, has a special role in biology because of its importance to organis... | C: iguassu falls. |
What term is used to describe modern seed plants that produce seeds in cones?
Here are the choices:
A. gymnosperms
B. perennials
C. deciduous
D. angiosperms | Some modern seed plants are gymnosperms that produce seeds in cones. | A: gymnosperms. |
What kind of joints does the skull have that do not allow any movement?
Here are the choices:
A. fixed cells
B. fixed particles
C. fixed plates
D. fixed joints | Image copyright Vasiliy Koval, 2013, modified by CK-12 Foundation. The skull has fixed joints that do not allow any movement . Used under license from Shutterstock. com. | D: fixed joints. |
The shoulder and hip are examples of what type of joints?
Here are the choices:
A. pivot
B. hinge
C. ball and socket
D. lever | This type of joint is found between the articular processes of adjacent vertebrae, at the acromioclavicular joint, or at the intercarpal joints of the hand and intertarsal joints of the foot. Ball-and-socket joints, in which the rounded head of a bone fits into a large depression or socket, are found at the shoulder an... | C: ball and socket. |
The tails of the hale-bopp comet point away from the sun, evidence that light has what property of motion?
Here are the choices:
A. acceleration
B. momentum
C. inertia
D. velocity | Figure 29.17 The tails of the Hale-Bopp comet point away from the Sun, evidence that light has momentum. Dust emanating from the body of the comet forms this tail. Particles of dust are pushed away from the Sun by light reflecting from them. The blue ionized gas tail is also produced by photons interacting with atoms i... | B: momentum. |
What type of virus can cause painful sores on the mouth and genitals?
Here are the choices:
A. gonorrhea
B. Aids
C. syphilis
D. herpes | This lip blister, or cold sore, is caused by a herpes virus. The virus is closely related to the virus that causes genital herpes. The genital herpes virus causes similar blisters on the genitals. If you’ve ever had a cold sore, you know how painful they can be. Genital herpes blisters are also painful. | D: herpes. |
The flood of sodium ions through the symporter provides the energy that allows what to move through the symporter and into the cell?
Here are the choices:
A. mitochondria
B. insulin
C. glucose
D. sucrose | Active transport pumps can also work together with other active or passive transport systems to move substances across the membrane. For example, the sodium-potassium pump maintains a high concentration of sodium ions outside of the cell. Therefore, if the cell needs sodium ions, all it has to do is open a passive sodi... | C: glucose. |
Alternative current is produced when a magnet or coil does what?
Here are the choices:
A. moves back and forth repeatedly
B. moves up and down repeatedly
C. moves in circles at faster rates
D. moves at faster velocities | The current produced by electromagnetic induction is greater when the magnet or coil moves faster, the coil has more turns, or the magnet is stronger. If the magnet or coil is moved back and forth repeatedly, alternating current is produced. | A: moves back and forth repeatedly. |
What are the chemical formulas for covalent compounds referred to as?
Here are the choices:
A. magnetic formulas
B. Electron Formulas
C. nucleus formulas
D. molecular formulas | The chemical formulas for covalent compounds are referred to as molecular formulas because these compounds exist as separate, discrete molecules. Typically, a molecular formula begins with the nonmetal that is closest to the lower left corner of the periodic table, except that hydrogen is almost never written first (H2... | D: molecular formulas. |
What do secondary spermatocytes form when completing meiosis?
Here are the choices:
A. sporozoans
B. semen
C. pores
D. spermatids | Spermatogonia lining the seminiferous tubule undergo mitosis to form primary spermatocytes , which are also diploid. The primary spermatocytes undergo the first meiotic division to form secondary spermatocytes , which are haploid. Spermatocytes make up the next layer of cells inside the seminiferous tubule. Finally, th... | D: spermatids. |
What is the name of the muscle that contracts to cause the joint to straighten?
Here are the choices:
A. extensor
B. flexor
C. opposing
D. abductor | Muscles can only contract. They cannot actively extend, though they can move or relax back into the non-contracted neutral position. Therefore, to move bones in opposite directions, pairs of muscles must work in opposition. Each muscle in the pair works against the other to move bones at the joints of the body. The mus... | A: extensor. |
Name the process of removing wastes from the body.
Here are the choices:
A. filtration
B. excretion
C. degradation
D. depletion | Excretion is the process of removing wastes from the body. | B: excretion. |
What term means the percentage by mass of each element in a compound?
Here are the choices:
A. biomass
B. mass effect
C. percent composition
D. elemental percent | Percent Composition The elemental makeup of a compound defines its chemical identity, and chemical formulas are the most succinct way of representing this elemental makeup. When a compound’s formula is unknown, measuring the mass of each of its constituent elements is often the first step in the process of determining ... | C: percent composition. |
Beaches and deserts collect large deposits of what?
Here are the choices:
A. sand
B. water
C. animals
D. plants | Sediments are deposited in many different types of environments. Beaches and deserts collect large deposits of sand. Sediments also continuously wind up at the bottom of the ocean and in lakes, ponds, rivers, marshes, and swamps. Avalanches produce large piles of sediment. The environment where the sediments are deposi... | A: sand. |
What is the name for animals that have a backbone?
Here are the choices:
A. skeletates
B. vertebrates
C. mammals
D. invertebrates | The first eight phyla listed in Table above include only invertebrate animals. Invertebrates are animals that lack a vertebral column , or backbone. The last phylum in the table, the Chordata, also includes many invertebrate species. Tunicates and lancelets are both invertebrates. Altogether, invertebrates make up at l... | B: vertebrates. |
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