questions stringlengths 37 1.22k | reasoning stringlengths 0 3.56k ⌀ | answers stringlengths 4 138 |
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How do bees communicate to tell other bees where food is located?
Here are the choices:
A. mating dance
B. waggle dance
C. wing flapping
D. high pitch noise | Animals may communicate by sight with gestures, body postures, or facial expressions. Look at the cat in Figure below . There’s no mistaking the meaning of its arched back, standing hair, and exposed fangs. It’s clearly saying “stay away, or else!” Bees communicate with a waggle dance. They use it to tell other bees wh... | B: waggle dance. |
Along with nerve tissue, what kind of tissue are lecithins and cephalins important constituents of?
Here are the choices:
A. heart tissue
B. lung tissue
C. skin tissue
D. brain tissue | (a) Amino alcohols are commonly found in phosphoglycerides, which are evident in its structural formula (b). There are two common types of phosphoglycerides. Phosphoglycerides containing ethanolamine as the amino alcohol are called phosphatidylethanolamines orcephalins. Cephalins are found in brain tissue and nerves an... | D: brain tissue. |
Metal detectors used for airport security work on which principle?
Here are the choices:
A. inductance
B. inertia
C. conductivity
D. electricity | One common application of inductance is used in traffic lights that can tell when vehicles are waiting at the intersection. An electrical circuit with an inductor is placed in the road under the place a waiting car will stop over. The body of the car increases the inductance and the circuit changes sending a signal to ... | A: inductance. |
Methanogens in their gut enable what process in cows?
Here are the choices:
A. absorption
B. digestion
C. excretion
D. regeneration | Cows are able to digest grass with the help of the methanogens in their gut. | B: digestion. |
The skeleton of lampreys is made of what?
Here are the choices:
A. cartilage
B. ligament
C. chitin
D. collagen | A: cartilage. | |
How do amphibians reproduce?
Here are the choices:
A. biologically
B. they don't
C. sexually
D. asexually | Amphibians reproduce sexually. Fertilization may take place inside or outside the body. Amphibians are oviparous. Embryos develop in eggs outside the mother’s body. | C: sexually. |
What are scientists called who study the weather and give forecasts?
Here are the choices:
A. meteorologists
B. climatologists
C. geologists
D. botanists | People often complain when the weather forecast is wrong. Weather forecasts today, however, are much more accurate than they were just 20 years ago. Scientists who study and forecast the weather are called meteorologists. How do they predict the weather?. | A: meteorologists. |
Autocrine signaling takes place within the same what?
Here are the choices:
A. tissue type
B. proteins
C. cell
D. organ | Other Types of Chemical Signaling In endocrine signaling, hormones secreted into the extracellular fluid diffuse into the blood or lymph, and can then travel great distances throughout the body. In contrast, autocrine signaling takes place within the same cell. An autocrine (auto= “self”) is a chemical that elicits a r... | C: cell. |
Both dna and rna are what type of acids?
Here are the choices:
A. fatty acids
B. synthesize acids
C. nucleic acids
D. proteins acids | DNA and RNA are nucleic acids. DNA stores genetic information. RNA helps build proteins. Proteins, in turn, determine the structure and function of all your cells. Proteins consist of chains of amino acids. A protein’s structure and function depends on the sequence of its amino acids. Instructions for this sequence are... | C: nucleic acids. |
What kind of a resource is soil, for human purposes?
Here are the choices:
A. renewable resource
B. guarana resource
C. emanates resource
D. nonrenewable resource | Although renewable, soil takes a very long time to form—up to hundreds of millions of years. So, for human purposes, soil is a nonrenewable resource. It is also constantly depleted of nutrients through careless use, and eroded by wind and water. For example, misuse of soil caused a huge amount of it to simply blow away... | D: nonrenewable resource. |
A natural resource that is consumed or used up faster than it can be made by nature is termed what?
Here are the choices:
A. fossil fuel
B. renewable
C. non-renewable
D. energy-inefficient | A nonrenewable resource is a natural resource that is consumed or used up faster than it can be made by nature. Two main types of nonrenewable resources are fossil fuels and nuclear power. Fossil fuels , such as petroleum, coal, and natural gas, formed from plant and animal remains over periods from 50 to 350 million y... | C: non-renewable. |
An electrical motor changes electrical energy into what?
Here are the choices:
A. thermal energy
B. chemical energy
C. solar energy
D. mechanical energy | Electrical motors change electrical energy into mechanical energy. The motor consists of an electrical circuit with part of the wires inside a magnetic field. This can be seen below. Positive charges move through the circuit in the direction of the light purple arrows. When the charges move up through the part of the c... | D: mechanical energy. |
What is name for a piece of collagen-rich skin formed after the process of wound healing that differs from normal skin?
Here are the choices:
A. tissue
B. size
C. scar
D. Sore | Scars and Keloids Most cuts or wounds, with the exception of ones that only scratch the surface (the epidermis), lead to scar formation. A scar is collagen-rich skin formed after the process of wound healing that differs from normal skin. Scarring occurs in cases in which there is repair of skin damage, but the skin fa... | C: scar. |
Young eutherians complete their embryonic development within what?
Here are the choices:
A. uterus
B. spores
C. ovaries
D. pollen grains | A: uterus. | |
Nuclear reactors use fission reactions to vaporize water, producing steam to drive a turbine and generate what?
Here are the choices:
A. electricity
B. fuel
C. light
D. oil | Nuclear reactors use fission reactions to vaporize water. The resulting steam is used to drive a turbine, which generates electricity. | A: electricity. |
What type of air do plants take in and use?
Here are the choices:
A. carbon
B. liquid dioxide
C. carbon dioxide
D. oxygen | C: carbon dioxide. | |
How long can a large star be on the main sequence stage?
Here are the choices:
A. 3 million years
B. 200.4 million years
C. 60.11 million years
D. 10 million years | Large stars burn through their supply of hydrogen very quickly. These stars “live fast and die young!” A very large star may only be on the main sequence for 10 million years. A very small star could remain on the main sequence for tens to hundreds of billions of years—far longer than the current age of our Universe. | D: 10 million years. |
What do you call the pattern of lines formed when light passes through a prism to separate it into the different frequencies of light it contains?
Here are the choices:
A. atomic emission spectrum
B. prismatic rainbow
C. kaleidoscope effect
D. light emission spectrum | Scientists studied the distinctive pink color of the gas discharge created by hydrogen gas. When a narrow beam of this light was viewed through a prism, the light was separated into four lines of very specific wavelengths (and frequencies since and are inversely related). An atomic emission spectrum is the pattern of l... | A: atomic emission spectrum. |
What is the term for a watertight seal between two adjacent animal cells?
Here are the choices:
A. cell wall
B. cell membrane
C. tight junction
D. placental barrier | A tight junction is a watertight seal between two adjacent animal cells (Figure 3.17b). Proteins hold the cells tightly against each other. This tight adhesion prevents materials from leaking between the cells. Tight junctions are typically found in the epithelial tissue that lines internal organs and cavities, and com... | C: tight junction. |
What is at the surface of a cell, arranged in similar bilayer?
Here are the choices:
A. phospholipids
B. pigments
C. fats
D. eukaryotes | A: phospholipids. | |
Vitamins are organic compounds that are essential in very small amounts for the maintenance of normal what?
Here are the choices:
A. metabolism
B. pigments
C. respiration
D. calcium | Vitamins are organic compounds that are essential in very small (trace) amounts for the maintenance of normal metabolism. They generally cannot be synthesized at adequate levels by the body and must be obtained from the diet. The absence or shortage of a vitamin may result in a vitamin-deficiency disease. In the first ... | A: metabolism. |
In eukaryotic cells, what divides before the cell itself divides?
Here are the choices:
A. electrons
B. protons
C. cell wall
D. nucleus | In eukaryotic cells, the nucleus divides before the cell itself divides. The process in which the nucleus divides is called mitosis. Before mitosis occurs, a cell’s DNA is replicated. This is necessary so that each daughter cell will have a complete copy of the genetic material from the parent cell. How is the replicat... | D: nucleus. |
The joint that lies between the radius and the ulna is what kind of joint?
Here are the choices:
A. hinge joint
B. shaft joint
C. socket joint
D. pivot joint | Pivot Joint. The joint at which the radius and ulna meet is a pivot joint. Movement at this joint allows you to flip your palm over without moving your elbow joint. | D: pivot joint. |
Because it damages hair cells, what is the most cause of hearing loss in adults?
Here are the choices:
A. ear wax
B. exposure to noise
C. water in the ears
D. bacteria | Most adults experience at least some hearing loss as they get older. The most common cause is exposure to loud sounds, which damage hair cells. The louder a sound is, the less exposure is needed for damage to occur. Even a single brief exposure to a sound louder than 115 decibels can cause hearing loss. Figure below sh... | B: exposure to noise. |
What is regulated to ensure that the correct proteins are made?
Here are the choices:
A. gene expression
B. Fat expression
C. variation expression
D. acids expression | Gene expression is regulated to ensure that the correct proteins are made when and where they are needed. Regulation may occur at any point in the expression of a gene, from the start of transcription to the processing of a protein after translation. The focus in this lesson is the regulation of transcription. | A: gene expression. |
What mirrors diverge light rays and, thus, have a negative focal length?
Here are the choices:
A. curved
B. diffraction
C. concave
D. convex | behind the mirror. Convex mirrors diverge light rays and, thus, have a negative focal length. | D: convex. |
During what stage are chromosomes condensed enough to be seen under a microscope?
Here are the choices:
A. epistasis
B. cytokinesis
C. mitosis
D. meiosis | C: mitosis. | |
What is an odorless white solid that is harmless unless consumed in large quantities?
Here are the choices:
A. sodium chloride
B. Hydrogen
C. carbon chloride
D. oxygen chloride | A: Sodium chloride is an odorless white solid that is harmless unless consumed in large quantities. In fact, it is a necessary component of the human diet. | A: sodium chloride. |
Melting, sublimation, and evaporation absorb what from their surroundings?
Here are the choices:
A. heat
B. cold
C. vibration
D. moisture | Melting, sublimation, and evaporation absorb heat from their surroundings. Freezing, deposition, and condensation release heat. | A: heat. |
What is the series of changes in the reproductive system of a mature female that happens monthly?
Here are the choices:
A. fetal cycle
B. menstrual cycle
C. pregnancy
D. urinary cycle | The menstrual cycle is a series of changes in the reproductive system of mature females that repeats every month. While the egg and follicle are developing in the ovary, tissues are building up inside the uterus , the reproductive organ where the baby would develop. The uterus develops a thick lining covered in tiny bl... | B: menstrual cycle. |
What is the average number of individuals per unit of area or volume called?
Here are the choices:
A. population count
B. crowdedness
C. population density
D. population structure | Population size is the number of individuals in a population. Population density is the average number of individuals per unit of area or volume. The pattern of spacing of individuals in a population may be affected by characteristics of a species or its environment. | C: population density. |
What types of living beings have water vascular systems and unique tube feet?
Here are the choices:
A. diatoms
B. echinoderms
C. Ducks
D. mollusks | Echinoderms have a unique water vascular system with tube feet. This allows slow but powerful movement. | B: echinoderms. |
Which two gases make up the bulk of earth's atmosphere?
Here are the choices:
A. phosphorus and oxygen
B. nitrogen and argon
C. carbon and oxygen
D. nitrogen and oxygen | A: Air in the atmosphere is a gaseous solution. It is a mixture that contains mainly nitrogen and oxygen gases, with very small amounts of several other gases. The circle graph in the Figure below shows the composition of air. Because air is a solution, it is homogeneous. In other words, no matter where you go, the air... | D: nitrogen and oxygen. |
What is the decayed remains of living organisms called?
Here are the choices:
A. plateaus
B. oil
C. fossils
D. humus | Humus is the decayed remains of living organisms. Humus makes soil fertile. | D: humus. |
The motor thus acts as a generator whenever its coil does what?
Here are the choices:
A. rotates
B. revolves
C. stops
D. oscillates | 23.6 Back Emf It has been noted that motors and generators are very similar. Generators convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, whereas motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. Furthermore, motors and generators have the same construction. When the coil of a motor is turned, magnetic flux chan... | A: rotates. |
Norovirus causes the inflammation of the stomach and what else?
Here are the choices:
A. muscles
B. liver
C. intestines
D. lungs | Common foodborne viruses include norovirus and hepatitis A virus. Norovirus, which causes inflammation of the stomach and intestines, has been a recent issue on cruise ships, infecting hundreds of passengers and crew on certain voyages. Hepatitis A causes inflammation of the liver, which is treated with rest and diet c... | C: intestines. |
What forms when tectonic plates move above a hot spot?
Here are the choices:
A. volcanic setting
B. volcanic chain
C. earthquake chain
D. volcanic system | As the tectonic plates move above a hot spot, they form a chain of volcanoes. The islands of Hawaii formed over a hot spot in the middle of the Pacific plate. The Hawaii hot spot has been active for tens of millions of years. The volcanoes of the Hawaiian Islands formed at this hot spot. Older volcanoes that formed at ... | B: volcanic chain. |
What is the multicellular diploid stage called?
Here are the choices:
A. lymphocyte
B. sporangium
C. blastocyte
D. sporophyte | D: sporophyte. | |
Myopia is commonly called what?
Here are the choices:
A. farsightedness
B. nearsightedness
C. scoliosis
D. blindness | Myopia is commonly called nearsightedness. People with myopia can see nearby objects clearly, but distant objects appear blurry. Myopia occurs when images focus in front of the retina because the eyeball is too long. This vision problem can be corrected with concave lenses, which curve inward. The lenses focus images c... | B: nearsightedness. |
The prostate gland secretes a fluid that mixes with sperm to help form what?
Here are the choices:
A. semen
B. testosterone
C. urine
D. hormone | The prostate gland secretes a fluid that mixes with sperm to help form semen. The prostate gland is located beneath the bladder. Semen is a "milky" liquid that carries sperm through the urethra and out of the body. In addition to sperm cells, semen contains sugars (fructose) which provide energy to the sperm cells, and... | A: semen. |
About 95 percent of lipids are absorbed in what organ of the digestive system?
Here are the choices:
A. small intestine
B. stomach
C. kidneys
D. large intestine | Lipid Absorption About 95 percent of lipids are absorbed in the small intestine. Bile salts not only speed up lipid digestion, they are also essential to the absorption of the end products of lipid digestion. Short-chain fatty acids are relatively water soluble and can enter the absorptive cells (enterocytes) directly.... | A: small intestine. |
What type of work called occurs when a system pushes back the surroundings against a restraining pressure?
Here are the choices:
A. contrast work
B. expansion work
C. retention work
D. shape work | A type of work called expansion work (or pressure-volume work) occurs when a system pushes back the surroundings against a restraining pressure, or when the surroundings compress the system. An example of this occurs during the operation of an internal combustion engine. The reaction of gasoline and oxygen is exothermi... | B: expansion work. |
In some parts of the world, too much of the sun's harmful uv radiation gets through because of a hole in what layer?
Here are the choices:
A. ozone
B. thermosphere
C. troposphere
D. mesosphere | Punta Arenas, Chile is the world's most southern city. At such a high latitude, winters are exceedingly cold and dark. Unlike the children pictured above, the children in Punta Arenas must stay inside to avoid the cold. Of course, they look forward to spring when they can go out to play. But some years, it is too dange... | A: ozone. |
What type of animal eats both plants and animals?
Here are the choices:
A. insectivores
B. omnivores
C. herbivores
D. carnivores | B: omnivores. | |
What is the term for the muscular duct through which sperm are propelled?
Here are the choices:
A. the glans deferens
B. the västerås deferens
C. the vas deferens
D. the glarus deferens | C: the vas deferens. | |
What is the most common cause of cancer?
Here are the choices:
A. smoking
B. cell mutations
C. technology mutations
D. poor diet | Most cancers are caused by mutations. Mutations are random errors in genes. Mutations that lead to cancer usually occur in genes that control the cell cycle. Because of the mutations, abnormal cells are allowed to divide. | B: cell mutations. |
The testes produce what hormone?
Here are the choices:
A. testosterone
B. dopamine
C. estrogen
D. insulin | The gonads secrete sex hormones. The male gonads are called testes . They secrete the male sex hormone testosterone. The female gonads are called ovaries . They secrete the female sex hormone estrogen. Sex hormones are involved in the changes of puberty. They also control the production of gametes by the gonads. | A: testosterone. |
Capillaries are narrow-diameter tubes that can fit red blood cells through in single file and are the sites for the exchange of what?
Here are the choices:
A. components
B. nutrients
C. fluids
D. proteins | Arterioles diverge into capillary beds. Capillary beds contain a large number (10 to 100) of capillaries that branch among the cells and tissues of the body. Capillaries are narrow-diameter tubes that can fit red blood cells through in single file and are the sites for the exchange of nutrients, waste, and oxygen with ... | B: nutrients. |
Pieces of the cell break off and form a new cell in what type of reproduction that produces genetically identical organisms?
Here are the choices:
A. Meiosis
B. fragmentation
C. Fusion
D. Mitosis | Like bacteria, reproduction in archaea is asexual. Archaea can reproduce through binary fission , where a parent cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells. Archaea can also reproduce asexually through budding and fragmentation, where pieces of the cell break off and form a new cell, also producing gene... | B: fragmentation. |
How do most reptiles produce?
Here are the choices:
A. asexually
B. biologically
C. sexually
D. occasionally | Most reptiles reproduce sexually and have internal fertilization. Males have one or two penises that pass sperm from their cloaca to the cloaca of a female. Fertilization occurs within the cloaca, and fertilized eggs leave the female’s body through the opening in the cloaca. In a minority of species, the eggs are retai... | C: sexually. |
The minimum amount necessary for self-sustained fission of a given nuclide is called what?
Here are the choices:
A. its molar mass
B. its activation energy
C. its half-life
D. its critical mass | Not every neutron produced by fission induces fission. Some neutrons escape the fissionable material, while others interact with a nucleus without making it fission. We can enhance the number of fissions produced by neutrons by having a large amount of fissionable material. The minimum amount necessary for self-sustain... | D: its critical mass. |
What are genes that are close together on the same chromosome called?
Here are the choices:
A. infected genes
B. stored genes
C. linked genes
D. mutated genes | Linked genes are genes that are close together on the same chromosome. Linked genes are inherited together. | C: linked genes. |
What do neutral atoms have the same number of?
Here are the choices:
A. gases and protons
B. electrons and protons
C. Measure and electrons
D. toxins and protons | Summary Each atom of an element contains the same number of protons, which is theatomic number (Z). Neutral atoms have the same number of electrons and protons. Atoms of an element that contain different numbers of neutrons are calledisotopes. Each isotope of a given element has the same atomic number but a different m... | B: electrons and protons. |
Omnivores are animals that eat both plant- and?
Here are the choices:
A. animal-derived food
B. recycled food
C. biofuel
D. liquid diets | Omnivores are animals that eat both plant- and animal-derived food. In Latin, omnivore means to eat everything. Humans, bears (shown in Figure 34.4a), and chickens are example of vertebrate omnivores; invertebrate omnivores include cockroaches and crayfish (shown in Figure 34.4b). | A: animal-derived food. |
Bacterial dna is contained in a large, circular strand; this single chromosome is located in a region of the cell called what?
Here are the choices:
A. polypeptide
B. nucleic acid
C. amino acid
D. the nucleoid | DNA. By contrast though, bacterial DNA is contained in a large, circular strand. This single chromosome is located in a region of the cell called the nucleoid . The nucleoid is not an organelle, but a region within the cytoplasm. Many bacteria also have additional small rings of DNA known as plasmids . | D: the nucleoid. |
Which primate group generally lives alone?
Here are the choices:
A. human
B. orangutan
C. chimpanzee
D. gorilla | Yes! This is the Hubbard Glacier in Alaska. As the glacier meets the relatively warm seawater, it calves. Pieces of the glacier break off and fall into the water. These icebergs may be as large as a ten-story building. | B: orangutan. |
Carbon and what are the second and third most abundant elements in your body?
Here are the choices:
A. mercury
B. calcium
C. helium
D. hydrogen | 2.4 | Inorganic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Compare and contrast inorganic and organic compounds • Identify the properties of water that make it essential to life • Explain the role of salts in body functioning • Distinguish between acids and bases, and ex... | D: hydrogen. |
Glucagon and insulin are produced in what organ?
Here are the choices:
A. hypothalamus
B. pancreas
C. thyroid
D. thymus | B: pancreas. | |
Anagen, catagen and telogen are phases in the growth of what, which involves the root and follicle?
Here are the choices:
A. brain
B. teeth
C. bone
D. hair | Hair Growth Hair grows and is eventually shed and replaced by new hair. This occurs in three phases. The first is the anagen phase, during which cells divide rapidly at the root of the hair, pushing the hair shaft up and out. The length of this phase is measured in years, typically from 2 to 7 years. The catagen phase ... | D: hair. |
What is the scientific term for the dropping of leaves, fruits, and flowers, which led to the naming of an acid thought to play a role in the process?
Here are the choices:
A. abscission
B. ascorbition
C. ablation
D. affixation | Abscisic acid is misnamed because it was once believed to play a role in abscission (the dropping of leaves, fruits, and flowers), but we now know abscission is caused by ethylene. The actual role of abscisic acid is to close the stomata, the tiny openings in leaves that allow substances to enter and leave, and to main... | A: abscission. |
Sudden changes in geologic and climatic conditions can spur what process?
Here are the choices:
A. symbiosis
B. generation
C. evolution
D. cloning | When geologic and climatic conditions are changing, evolution may occur more quickly. Thus, long periods of little change may be interrupted by bursts of rapid change. This model of the timing of evolution is called punctuated equilibrium . It is better supported by the fossil record than is gradualism. This model sugg... | C: evolution. |
What is the fluid that carries sperm through the urethra and out of the body, and provides it with nutrients?
Here are the choices:
A. bacteria
B. semen
C. blood
D. yeast | Semen is the fluid that carries sperm through the urethra and out of the body. In addition to sperm, it contains secretions from the glands. The secretions control pH and provide sperm with nutrients for energy. | B: semen. |
In what unit is frequency measured in?
Here are the choices:
A. mole
B. centimeter
C. gram
D. hertz | The frequency , , is the number of cycles an object or wave goes through in 1 second. Frequency is measured in Hertz (Hz). 1 Hz = 1 cycle per sec. | D: hertz. |
Mixtures of materials called alloys contain at least one of what type of material?
Here are the choices:
A. metal
B. coal
C. liquid
D. steel | Alloys are mixtures of materials, at least one of which is a metal. | A: metal. |
The challenge of techniques used for proteomic analyses is the difficulty in detecting small quantities of what?
Here are the choices:
A. particles
B. proteins
C. bacteria
D. acids | The challenge of techniques used for proteomic analyses is the difficulty in detecting small quantities of proteins. Although mass spectrometry is good for detecting small amounts of proteins, variations in protein expression in diseased states can be difficult to discern. Proteins are naturally unstable molecules, whi... | B: proteins. |
What type of gas is delivered to homes to use for cooking and heating?
Here are the choices:
A. nuetralized gas
B. compounded gas
C. fluid gas
D. natural gas | Natural gas is delivered to homes, where it is used for cooking and heating. Natural gas is also a major energy source for powering turbines to make electricity. Natural gas releases most of its energy as heat when it burns. The power plant is able to use this heat, either in the form of hot gases or steam, to spin tur... | D: natural gas. |
Chewing a bite of bread mixes it with what and facilitates its chemical breakdown?
Here are the choices:
A. interstitial fluid
B. chyme
C. saliva
D. calcium | Exergonic c. Decomposition d. Catabolic, exergonic, and decomposition 18. Which of the following combinations of atoms is most likely to result in a chemical reaction? a. hydrogen and hydrogen b. hydrogen and helium c. helium and helium d. neon and helium 19. Chewing a bite of bread mixes it with saliva and facilitates... | C: saliva. |
What is occurring at an alarming rate as a result of global climate change and the constant melting point of ice?
Here are the choices:
A. glacial hardening
B. glacial movement
C. glacial formation
D. glacier melt | Because of global climate change, temperatures all over Earth are rising. However, the melting points of Earth’s substances, including ice, are constant. The result? Glaciers are melting at an alarming rate. Melting glaciers cause rising sea levels and the risk of dangerous river flooding on land. You can learn more ab... | D: glacier melt. |
What triggers the fight-or-flight response?
Here are the choices:
A. respiration
B. amphetamine
C. endorphine
D. epinephrine | D: epinephrine. | |
What is the term for the force applied to a wheel and axle?
Here are the choices:
A. input force
B. momentum
C. velocity force
D. output force | In a wheel and axle, force may be applied either to the wheel or to the axle. This force is called the input force. A wheel and axle does not change the direction of the input force. However, the force put out by the machine, called the output force, is either greater than the input force or else applied over a greater... | A: input force. |
Magnetic resonance imaging devices use what to cool the superconducting magnets?
Here are the choices:
A. fluorocarbons
B. liquid nitrogen
C. dry ice
D. antifreeze | Magnetic resonance imaging (NMR) devices use liquid nitrogen to cool the superconducting magnets. Nitrogen is a gas at room temperature and liquefies at -195.8°C. Its neighbor on the periodic table (oxygen) boils at -182.95°C. The interactions between nitrogen molecules (N 2 ) are weaker, so the boiling point is lower.... | B: liquid nitrogen. |
Water moving up the plane and evaporating from the leaves is a process known as what?
Here are the choices:
A. propagation
B. sublimation
C. transpiration
D. evaporation | Water also moves through the living organisms in an ecosystem. Plants soak up large amounts of water through their roots. The water then moves up the plant and evaporates from the leaves in a process called transpiration . The process of transpiration, like evaporation, returns water back into the atmosphere. | C: transpiration. |
How many bones fuse together to form the cranium?
Here are the choices:
A. 8
B. 8
C. 6
D. 3 | Fixed joints do not allow any bone movement. Many of the joints in your skull are fixed ( Figure below ). There are eight bones that fuse together to form the cranium. The joints between these bones do not allow movement, which helps protect the brain. | A: 8. |
What is the amount of moisture in the atmosphere?
Here are the choices:
A. heat
B. mixture
C. static
D. humidity | D: humidity. | |
What heisenberg principle imposes ultimate limits on what is knowable in science?
Here are the choices:
A. impossibility principle
B. uncertainty principle
C. vacuum principle
D. certainty principle | The value of ħ is not large, so the uncertainty in the position or momentum of a macroscopic object like a baseball is too insignificant to observe. However, the mass of a microscopic object such as an electron is small enough that the uncertainty can be large and significant. It should be noted that Heisenberg’s uncer... | B: uncertainty principle. |
Narrowing of the arterioles causes an increase of what upstream in the arteries?
Here are the choices:
A. white blood cells
B. red blood cells
C. heart beat
D. blood pressure | D: blood pressure. | |
What are double sugars called?
Here are the choices:
A. monosaccharides
B. silicates
C. sodiums
D. disaccharides | D: disaccharides. | |
Cells that undergo cell division continue to have their telomeres shortened, thus telomere shortening is associated with what life process?
Here are the choices:
A. reducing
B. aging
C. reproduction
D. metabolism | Telomerase and Aging Cells that undergo cell division continue to have their telomeres shortened because most somatic cells do not make telomerase. This essentially means that telomere shortening is associated with aging. With the advent of modern medicine, preventative health care, and healthier lifestyles, the human ... | B: aging. |
Which two basic parts of a plant develop tough outer coatings to protect the plant from the environment?
Here are the choices:
A. bark and stems
B. leaves and stems
C. stems and stalks
D. roots and leaves | B: leaves and stems. | |
What is the name for a kind of animal that eats a mix of plant and animal foods.
Here are the choices:
A. an smorgasbord
B. an herbivore
C. a carnivore
D. an omnivore | Some mammals are omnivores. Omnivores are heterotrophs that eat a mix of plant and animal foods. Mammals that are omnivores include bears, foxes, rats, pigs, and human beings. The chimpanzees in Figure below are also omnivorous mammals. In the wild, they eat mainly plant foods, but they supplement plants with birds, bi... | D: an omnivore. |
Oxygenated air, taken in during inhalation, diffuses across the surface of the lungs into the what?
Here are the choices:
A. liver
B. brain
C. bloodstream
D. proteins | Types of Breathing Amphibians have evolved multiple ways of breathing. Young amphibians, like tadpoles, use gills to breathe, and they don’t leave the water. Some amphibians retain gills for life. As the tadpole grows, the gills disappear and lungs grow. These lungs are primitive and not as evolved as mammalian lungs. ... | C: bloodstream. |
What substances, which serve as catalysts, are involved in most of the chemical reactions that take place in organisms?
Here are the choices:
A. enzymes
B. proteins
C. vitamins
D. carbohydrates | Enzymes are involved in most of the chemical reactions that take place in organisms. | A: enzymes. |
What is the type of plant called when its leaves seasonally turn color and fall off?
Here are the choices:
A. verdant plant
B. evergreen
C. deciduous plant
D. conifer | In a deciduous plant, leaves seasonally turn color and fall off the plant. They are replaced with new leaves later in the year. | C: deciduous plant. |
Besides the endocrine system, what other system exerts control over all the organ systems of the body?
Here are the choices:
A. circulatory system
B. skeleton system
C. nervous system
D. abnormal system | 16.6 | Nervous System By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Describe the form and function of a neuron • Describe the basic parts and functions of the central nervous system • Describe the basic parts and functions of the peripheral nervous system As you read this, your nervous system is performing several... | C: nervous system. |
What is the area where an electron is most likely to be found called?
Here are the choices:
A. orbital
B. proton
C. neucleus
D. neutron | wave functions can predict within a certain level of probability where an electron might be at any given time. The area where an electron is most likely to be found is called its orbital. Recall that the Bohr model depicts an atom’s electron shell configuration. Within each electron shell are subshells, and each subshe... | A: orbital. |
The part of the ecosystem required by a particular species is endangered when human activity threatens loss of what?
Here are the choices:
A. habitat
B. biodiversity
C. primary speciation
D. primary producers | Habitat Loss Humans rely on technology to modify their environment and replace certain functions that were once performed by the natural ecosystem. Other species cannot do this. Elimination of their habitat—whether it is a forest, coral reef, grassland, or flowing river—will kill the individuals in the species. Remove ... | A: habitat. |
What is the wavelength of light expressed in?
Here are the choices:
A. vatts
B. nanoseconds
C. nanometers (nm)
D. millimeters | Light As with auditory stimuli, light travels in waves. The compression waves that compose sound must travel in a medium—a gas, a liquid, or a solid. In contrast, light is composed of electromagnetic waves and needs no medium; light can travel in a vacuum (Figure 36.16). The behavior of light can be discussed in terms ... | C: nanometers (nm). |
What is found inside the pores of spongy bone?
Here are the choices:
A. bone marrow
B. green marrow
C. liquid marrow
D. rupture marrow | Bone marrow is a soft connective tissue that produces blood cells. It is found inside the pores of spongy bone. | A: bone marrow. |
The strength of an acid depends on how many of which ions it produces when it dissolves in water?
Here are the choices:
A. helium
B. hydrogen
C. silicon
D. carbon | The strength of an acid depends on how many hydrogen ions it produces when it dissolves in water. A stronger acid produces more hydrogen ions than a weaker acid. For example, sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ), which is found in car batteries, is a strong acid because nearly all of it breaks down into ions when it dissolves in ... | B: hydrogen. |
How many oxygen ions make up an ozone molecule?
Here are the choices:
A. five
B. three
C. eight
D. one | Oxygen is needed to make ozone. Ozone is a molecule made of three oxygen ions. Ozone in the upper atmosphere blocks harmful solar radiation from reaching the surface. Without oxygen, life on Earth would have been very simple. | B: three. |
While light travels at different speeds in different kinds of matter, the speed of light is constant in what condition?
Here are the choices:
A. through glass
B. vacuum
C. outer space
D. under water | Although the speed of light is constant in a vacuum, light travels at different speeds in different kinds of matter. For example, light travels more slowly in glass than in air. Therefore, when light passes from air to glass, it slows down. If light strikes a sheet of glass straight on, or perpendicular to the glass, i... | B: vacuum. |
What kind of solution might cause animal cells to burst?
Here are the choices:
A. hypotonic
B. monatomic
C. Acid Solution
D. eutrophic | Unless an animal cell (such as the red blood cell in the top panel) has an adaptation that allows it to alter the osmotic uptake of water, it will lose too much water and shrivel up in a hypertonic environment. If placed in a hypotonic solution, water molecules will enter the cell, causing it to swell and burst. Plant ... | A: hypotonic. |
Transition metals are superior conductors of heat as well as what else?
Here are the choices:
A. radiation
B. cold
C. electricity
D. light | Transition metals are superior conductors of heat as well as electricity. They are malleable, which means they can be shaped into sheets, and ductile, which means they can be shaped into wires. They have high melting and boiling points, and all are solids at room temperature, except for mercury (Hg), which is a liquid.... | C: electricity. |
Our digestive system breaks down starch to what?
Here are the choices:
A. Salts
B. pattern sugars
C. Waste
D. simple sugars | Starches are complex carbohydrates. They are polymers of glucose. They consist of hundreds of glucose monomers bonded together. Plants make starch to store extra sugars. Consumers get starch from plants. Common sources of starch in the human diet are pictured in Figure below . Our digestive system breaks down starch to... | D: simple sugars. |
What happens to a tectonic plate when it subducts?
Here are the choices:
A. it melts
B. it warms
C. it cracks
D. it sinks | Composite volcanoes are common along convergent plate boundaries. When a tectonic plate subducts, it melts. This creates the thick magma needed for these eruptions. The Pacific Ring of Fire is dotted by composite volcanoes. | A: it melts. |
A monosaccharide is the simplest carbohydrate and cannot be hydrolyzed to produce a smaller what?
Here are the choices:
A. carbohydrate molecule
B. glucose atom
C. quark
D. amino acid | A monosaccharide is the simplest carbohydrate and cannot be hydrolyzed to produce a smaller carbohydrate molecule. Disaccharides contain two monosaccharide units, and polysaccharides contain many monosaccharide units. | A: carbohydrate molecule. |
What is the term for if multiple sperm fuse with an egg?
Here are the choices:
A. pollenation
B. polyspermy
C. fraternization
D. in vitro fertilization | To ensure that no more than one sperm fertilizes the egg, once the acrosomal reactions take place at one location of the egg membrane, the egg releases proteins in other locations to prevent other sperm from fusing with the egg. If this mechanism fails, multiple sperm can fuse with the egg, resulting in polyspermy. The... | B: polyspermy. |
As air pressures inside and outside of the ear equalize, what phenomenon is produced?
Here are the choices:
A. throat scratching
B. eyes blinking
C. heart skipping
D. ear popping | Ears pop as air pressures inside and outside of the ear equalize. | D: ear popping. |
How many pairs of chromosomes are there?
Here are the choices:
A. 2
B. 23
C. 17
D. 13 | Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes in each body cell. | B: 23. |
Food is broken into smaller particles by mastication, a process involving action by what structures?
Here are the choices:
A. tonsils
B. teeth
C. proteins
D. cilia | Oral Cavity Both physical and chemical digestion begin in the mouth or oral cavity, which is the point of entry of food into the digestive system. The food is broken into smaller particles by mastication, the chewing action of the teeth. All mammals have teeth and can chew their food to begin the process of physically ... | B: teeth. |
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