questions stringlengths 37 1.22k | reasoning stringlengths 0 3.56k ⌀ | answers stringlengths 4 138 |
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What is the measure of the amount of energy found in sound waves?
Here are the choices:
A. decibels
B. intensity
C. density
D. frequency | A friend whispers to you in class in a voice so soft that you have to lean very close to hear what he’s saying. Later that day, your friend shouts to you across the football field. Now his voice is loud enough for you to hear him clearly even though he’s many meters away. Obviously, sounds can vary in loudness. Loudnes... | B: intensity. |
What theory explains most of the features of earth’s surface?
Here are the choices:
A. flat earth theory
B. plate tectonics
C. Big Bang theory
D. string theory | The theory of plate tectonics explains most of the features of Earth’s surface. Plate tectonics helps us to understand where and why mountains form. Using the theory, we know where new ocean floor will be created and where it will be destroyed. We know why earthquakes and volcanic eruptions happen where they do. We eve... | B: plate tectonics. |
What part of a person with myopia is longer than normal?
Here are the choices:
A. arm
B. eye
C. neck
D. leg | The eye of a person with myopia is longer than normal. As a result, images are focused in front of the retina ( top left ). A concave lens is used to correct myopia to help focus images on the retina ( top right ). Farsightedness, or hyperopia, occurs when objects are focused in back of the retina ( bottom left ). It i... | B: eye. |
The anodes in each cell of a rechargeable battery are plates or grids of lead containing spongy lead metal, while the cathodes are similar grids containing powdered what?
Here are the choices:
A. coal
B. straight dioxide
C. lead dioxide
D. carbon dioxide | The anodes in each cell of a rechargeable battery are plates or grids of lead containing spongy lead metal, while the cathodes are similar grids containing powdered lead dioxide (PbO2). The electrolyte is an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid. The value of E° for such a cell is about 2 V. Connecting three such cells in ... | C: lead dioxide. |
In science, what is supported by much evidence, widely accepted by credible scientists, and unlikely to be disproved?
Here are the choices:
A. concept
B. hypothesis
C. law
D. theory | The three theories below are essential in Earth science. Each accounts for an enormous amount of data. Each is supported by many lines of evidence. All can be used to make predications. As new evidence arises, any of these theories may need to be altered. But none of these three are likely ever to be disproved. They ar... | D: theory. |
Life on earth is carbon-based. organisms need not only energy but also carbon ________ for building bodies?
Here are the choices:
A. ions
B. crystals
C. atoms
D. monoxide | Life on Earth is carbon-based. Organisms need not only energy but also carbon atoms for building bodies. For nearly all life, the ultimate source of carbon is carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), an inorganic molecule. CO 2 makes up less than 1% of the Earth’s atmosphere. | C: atoms. |
A crater can usually be found on the top of what kind of volcanoes?
Here are the choices:
A. Dome
B. composite
C. Shield
D. Compound | Composite volcanoes usually have craters on the top. Why are the craters sometimes “U” or horseshoe-shaped?. | B: composite. |
Portal veins carry blood between what?
Here are the choices:
A. arteries
B. digestive organs
C. pairs of capillary beds
D. chambers of the heart | C: pairs of capillary beds. | |
Viruses depend on what type of cells?
Here are the choices:
A. anchor cells
B. blood cells
C. immune system cells
D. host cells | Briefly describe how viruses depend on host cells. | D: host cells. |
Silver and ordinary table salt are two examples of chemical what?
Here are the choices:
A. microbes
B. impurities
C. substances
D. organism | Silver and ordinary table salt are two examples of chemical substances . A substance is matter that has a uniform and definite composition. All samples of substances, sometimes called pure substances, have identical properties. When chemists run a chemical reaction, they want to use pure materials so they know exactly ... | C: substances. |
What do we call the system of classification consisting of a hierarchy of groupings called taxa?
Here are the choices:
A. linchpin system
B. linnaean system
C. crocodilian system
D. lamarckian system | The Linnaean system of classification consists of a hierarchy of groupings, called taxa (singular, taxon). Taxa range from the kingdom to the species (see Figure below ). The kingdom is the largest and most inclusive grouping. It consists of organisms that share just a few basic similarities. Examples are the plant and... | B: linnaean system. |
Which disease causes cells to divide out of control
Here are the choices:
A. mutation
B. cancer
C. arthritis
D. autoimmune diseases | Cancer is a disease that causes cells to divide out of control. Normally, the body has systems that prevent cells from dividing out of control. But in the case of cancer, these systems fail. Cancer is usually caused by mutations. Mutations are random errors in genes. Mutations that lead to cancer usually happen to gene... | B: cancer. |
Animal cells grow mainly by synthesizing protein-rich cytoplasm, a process that is described as expensive in what way?
Here are the choices:
A. calorically
B. time spent
C. metabolically
D. synthetically | C: metabolically. | |
Where is the cell wall located?
Here are the choices:
A. in the chloroplast
B. outside cell membrane
C. in cell membrane
D. in the mitochondria | The cell wall is located outside the cell membrane. It consists mainly of cellulose and may also contain lignin, which makes it more rigid. The cell wall shapes, supports, and protects the cell. It prevents the cell from absorbing too much water and bursting. It also keeps large, damaging molecules out of the cell. | B: outside cell membrane. |
Some protists hunt their food or act as what?
Here are the choices:
A. parasites
B. reptiles
C. mammals
D. bats | Some protists hunt their food or act as parasites. | A: parasites. |
Name what nutrient cycling is strongly regulated by.
Here are the choices:
A. elevation
B. sunlight
C. abundance
D. vegetation | D: vegetation. | |
Why must values of specific heat be looked up in tables?
Here are the choices:
A. lack of formulas
B. difficult to memorize
C. difficult to understand
D. difficult to calculate | Values of specific heat must generally be looked up in tables, because there is no simple way to calculate them. In general, the specific heat also depends on the temperature. Table 14.1 lists representative values of specific heat for various substances. Except for gases, the temperature and volume dependence of the s... | D: difficult to calculate. |
What is the method of evolution by which advantageous heritable traits become more common over generations?
Here are the choices:
A. artificial selection
B. flow selection
C. natural selection
D. same selection | The theory of evolution by natural selection was proposed at about the same time by both Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace, shown in Figure below , and was set out in detail in Darwin's 1859 book On the Origin of Species . Natural selection is a process that causes heritable traits that are helpful for survival ... | C: natural selection. |
Electrons move, but they aren’t destroyed. this is the law of conservation of what?
Here are the choices:
A. charge
B. cost
C. matter
D. energy | Like the formation of ions, the formation of charged matter in general depends on the transfer of electrons either between two materials or within a material. Three ways this can occur are friction, conduction, and polarization. In all cases, the total charge remains the same. Electrons move, but they aren’t destroyed.... | A: charge. |
What type of orbitals do electrons in successive atoms on the periodic table tend to fill first?
Here are the choices:
A. orbital lobes
B. low-energy
C. high energy
D. outer orbitals | Electrons in successive atoms on the periodic table tend to fill low-energy orbitals first. Thus, many students find it confusing that, for example, the 5p orbitals fill immediately after the 4d, and immediately before the 6s. The filling order is based on observed experimental results, and has been confirmed by theore... | B: low-energy. |
What is used as a vector for gene insertion in ex vivo gene therapy?
Here are the choices:
A. penicillin
B. typhus
C. virus
D. bacteria | In ex vivo gene therapy, done outside the body, cells are removed from the patient and the proper gene is inserted using a virus as a vector. The modified cells are placed back into the patient. | C: virus. |
In artificial passive immunization, which items from an immune animal are injected into a nonimmune animal?
Here are the choices:
A. platelets
B. parasites
C. allergies
D. antibodies | D: antibodies. | |
What kind of solids are gummi bears or taffy?
Here are the choices:
A. phenomena solids
B. amorphous solids
C. imperative solids
D. candy solids | Some types of candy, such as gummi bears or taffy, are amorphous solids. Table salt has a crystalline geometry. | B: amorphous solids. |
In the freshwater flatworms, protonephridia serve chiefly in what?
Here are the choices:
A. osmoregulation
B. excretion
C. enculturation
D. thermoregulation | A: osmoregulation. | |
What is contained in the skin of brightly colored poison dart frogs?
Here are the choices:
A. acid
B. poison
C. toxins
D. spores | Adrian Pingstone (Wikimedia: Arpingstone). Brightly colored poison dart frogs have toxins in their skin . Public Domain. | C: toxins. |
What is the exchange of plasmids by prokaryotes called?
Here are the choices:
A. artificial transfer
B. genetic transfer
C. transcription
D. biochemical transfer | For natural selection to take place, organisms must vary in their traits. Asexual reproduction results in offspring that are all the same. They are also identical to the parent cell. So how can prokaryotes increase genetic variation? They can exchange plasmids. This is called genetic transfer . It may happen by direct ... | B: genetic transfer. |
What do we call the study of rock layers?
Here are the choices:
A. geology
B. stratigraphy
C. sedimentary
D. mineralogy | The study of rock layers is called stratigraphy. Laws of stratigraphy help scientists determine the relative ages of rocks. The main law is the law of superposition. This law states that deeper rock layers are older than layers closer to the surface. | B: stratigraphy. |
What are single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus called?
Here are the choices:
A. protists
B. eukaryotes
C. fungi
D. prokaryotes | Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus. They are placed in two domains: the Bacteria Domain and the Archaea Domain. They were the first organisms to evolve. It's not certain how they are related to each other or to eukaryotes. | D: prokaryotes. |
The distance that light can travel in a year is known as what?
Here are the choices:
A. light year
B. earth year
C. solar year
D. beam year | Most of the stars pictured in this view of the night sky are hundreds of light years from Earth. A light year is the distance that light can travel in a year, or about 6 trillion (6,000,000,000,000) miles. As this example shows, quantities in science may be very large. Many other quantities in science are very small. B... | A: light year. |
Scientists who find and study fossils are called what?
Here are the choices:
A. biologists
B. paleontologists
C. anthropologist
D. geologists | Fossils are a window into the past. They provide clear evidence that evolution has occurred. Scientists who find and study fossils are called paleontologists . How do they use fossils to understand the past? Consider the example of the horse, shown in Figure below . The fossil record shows how the horse evolved. | B: paleontologists. |
What is it called when feces move along the colon too slowly?
Here are the choices:
A. relaxation
B. diarrhea
C. constipation
D. respiratory | C: constipation. | |
What is the process in which a solid changes directly to a gas called?
Here are the choices:
A. sublimation
B. vaporization
C. solidification
D. condensation | The process in which a solid changes directly to a gas is called sublimation . It occurs when the particles of a solid absorb enough energy to completely overcome the force of attraction between them. Dry ice (solid carbon dioxide, CO 2 ) is an example of a solid that undergoes sublimation. Figure below shows a chunk o... | A: sublimation. |
What part of the atmosphere is the heat source?
Here are the choices:
A. stratosphere
B. troposphere
C. ionosphere
D. magnetosphere | Temperature decreases in the mesosphere with altitude. This is because the heat source is the stratosphere. | A: stratosphere. |
Some mutations lead to new versions of proteins that help organisms adapt to changes in their environment and are essential for evolution to occur. what are these mutations known as?
Here are the choices:
A. provisional mutations
B. evolutionary mutations
C. beneficial mutations
D. superficial mutations | Some mutations have a positive effect on the organism in which they occur. They are called beneficial mutations. They lead to new versions of proteins that help organisms adapt to changes in their environment. Beneficial mutations are essential for evolution to occur. They increase an organism’s changes of surviving or... | C: beneficial mutations. |
What is the only substance on earth that is stable in all three states?
Here are the choices:
A. water
B. air
C. carbon
D. mercury | Water is the only substance on Earth that is stable in all three states. | A: water. |
What is the process whereby excess water and waste is removed from the body?
Here are the choices:
A. exhalation
B. filtration
C. diffusion
D. excretion | Excretion is any process in which excess water or wastes are removed from the body. Excretion is the job of the excretory system. Besides the kidneys, other organs of excretion include the large intestine, liver, skin and lungs. | D: excretion. |
What cellular structure moves molecules between locations inside the cell?
Here are the choices:
A. dna vesicles
B. transport vessels
C. transport vesicles
D. capillaries | Transport vesicles are able to move molecules between locations inside the cell. For example, transport vesicles move proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. | C: transport vesicles. |
Alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or _______.
Here are the choices:
A. carbohydrates
B. sugars
C. ketones
D. sugars | Alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or ketones. | C: ketones. |
What causes a meteoroid to vaporize after it enters the atmosphere?
Here are the choices:
A. spontaneous combustion
B. gravitational pull
C. friction with atmosphere
D. atmospheric pressure | A meteoroid is dragged toward Earth by gravity and enters the atmosphere. Friction with the atmosphere heats the object quickly, so it starts to vaporize. As it flies through the atmosphere, it leaves a trail of glowing gases. The object is now a meteor. Most meteors vaporize in the atmosphere. They never reach Earth’s... | C: friction with atmosphere. |
How is the radioactive decay measured?
Here are the choices:
A. quarter-life
B. half-life
C. alpha emission
D. carbon dating | The rate of radioactive decay varies from one radioisotope to another. The rate is measured by the half-life. This is the length of time it takes for half of a given amount of a radioisotope to decay. | B: half-life. |
What term means a reproductive cell, like the human egg in females?
Here are the choices:
A. sperm
B. zygote
C. embryo
D. gamete | This represents a human egg, which is the gamete, or reproductive cell, in females. Notice that is does not have a distinct shape, like a sperm cell has. The egg is a round cell with a haploid nucleus in the center. The egg contains most of the cytoplasm and organelles present in the first cell of a new organism. | D: gamete. |
Veins are blood vessels that carry blood toward what?
Here are the choices:
A. lung
B. brain
C. heart
D. extremities | Veins are blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart. This blood is no longer under much pressure, so many veins have valves that prevent backflow of blood. Veins generally carry deoxygenated blood. The largest vein is the inferior vena cava, which carries blood from the lower body to the heart. | C: heart. |
The spin quantum number describes the spin for a given what?
Here are the choices:
A. element
B. electron
C. proton
D. ion | The spin quantum number describes the spin for a given electron. An electron can have one of two associated spins, spin, or spin. An electron cannot have zero spin. We also represent spin with arrows or . A single orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons and each must have opposite spin. | B: electron. |
What fuels provide most of the energy used worldwide?
Here are the choices:
A. solar
B. renewable
C. hydroelectric
D. fossil | Fossil fuels provide most of the energy used worldwide. Richer nations use far more energy resources, especially fossil fuels, than poorer nations do. There are several ways that people can conserve energy in their daily lives. | D: fossil. |
What instruments used in guidance systems to indicate directions in space must have an angular momentum that does not change in direction?
Here are the choices:
A. actuators
B. elevators
C. magnets
D. gyroscopes | Gyroscopes used in guidance systems to indicate directions in space must have an angular momentum that does not change in direction. Yet they are often subjected to large forces and accelerations. How can the direction of their angular momentum be constant when they are accelerated?. | D: gyroscopes. |
What are the deepest places on earth?
Here are the choices:
A. deep sea diversions
B. deep sea resonances
C. deep sea caves
D. deep sea trenches | Deep sea trenches are found near chains of active volcanoes. These volcanoes can be at the edges of continents or in the oceans. Trenches are the deepest places on Earth. The deepest trench is the Mariana Trench in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. This trench plunges about 11 kilometers (35,840 feet) beneath sea level. ... | D: deep sea trenches. |
While the chromosome is replicating, the cell does what?
Here are the choices:
A. diffuses
B. propagates
C. shrinks
D. elongates | D: elongates. | |
On the origin of species is a book by darwin that spells out what theory?
Here are the choices:
A. theory of reproduction
B. theory of the computation
C. theory of evolution
D. theory of the universe | Wallace’s paper on evolution confirmed Darwin’s ideas. It also pushed him to publish his book, On the Origin of Species. The book clearly spells out his theory. It also provides evidence and logic to support it. | C: theory of evolution. |
After an adaptive defense is produced against a pathogen, typically plasma cells first secrete immunoglobin, which constitutes about ten percent of all what?
Here are the choices:
A. allergies
B. parasites
C. hormones
D. antibodies | After an adaptive defense is produced against a pathogen, typically plasma cells first secrete IgM into the blood. BCRs on naïve B cells are of the IgM class and occasionally IgD class. IgM molecules make up approximately ten percent of all antibodies. Prior to antibody secretion, plasma cells assemble IgM molecules in... | D: antibodies. |
Solar and wind are still expensive compared to what?
Here are the choices:
A. batteries
B. fossil fuels
C. coal fuels
D. electricity | Solar and wind are still expensive relative to fossil fuels. The technology needs to advance so that the price falls. | B: fossil fuels. |
The pollen tube discharges two sperm into the female gametophyte after what occurs?
Here are the choices:
A. hibernation
B. excrement
C. evolution
D. pollination | D: pollination. | |
Steel, bronze, and brass are good examples of what?
Here are the choices:
A. salts
B. metalloids
C. elements
D. alloys | Examples of alloys include steel, bronze, and brass. | D: alloys. |
Most hydrozoa have both polyp and what forms in their life cycle?
Here are the choices:
A. medusa
B. globular
C. polypoid
D. hydra | Hydrozoa includes nearly 3,500 species, most of which are marine. Most species in this class have both polyp and medusa forms in their life cycle. Many hydrozoans form colonies composed of branches of specialized polyps that share a gastrovascular cavity. Colonies may also be free-floating and contain both medusa and p... | A: medusa. |
Mammalian lungs are located in what cavity, where they are surrounded and protected by the rib cage, intercostal muscles, and chest wall?
Here are the choices:
A. ventral
B. thoracic
C. abdominopelvic
D. dorsal | 39.3 | Breathing By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Describe how the structures of the lungs and thoracic cavity control the mechanics of breathing • Explain the importance of compliance and resistance in the lungs • Discuss problems that may arise due to a V/Q mismatch Mammalian lungs are located in th... | B: thoracic. |
Segmented worms have a digestive,nervous and what type of system?
Here are the choices:
A. circulatory
B. lymphatic
C. vascular
D. pulmonary | Segmented worms have a digestive system, nervous system, and circulatory system. | A: circulatory. |
In what route do water and solutes move along the continuum of cytosol?
Here are the choices:
A. nonvascular
B. symplastic
C. hydrophylic
D. hydrophobic | B: symplastic. | |
Atomic orbitals are populated with what subatomic particles?
Here are the choices:
A. electrons
B. protons
C. atoms
D. neurons | A completely bonding molecular orbital contains no nodes (regions of zero electron probability) perpendicular to the internuclear axis, whereas a completelyantibonding molecular orbital contains at least one node perpendicular to the internuclear axis. A sigma (σ) orbital (bonding) or a sigma star (σ*) orbital(antibond... | A: electrons. |
Which law refers to the electron charge remaining the same during transfer?
Here are the choices:
A. law of conservation of speculation
B. law of change
C. law of conservation of charge
D. law of construct of charge | Three ways electrons can be transferred are conduction, friction, and polarization. In each case, the total charge remains the same. This is the law of conservation of charge. | C: law of conservation of charge. |
Hotspots can be used to tell the speed and direction that what object is moving?
Here are the choices:
A. crystals
B. electrons
C. plates
D. glaciers | Hotspots can be used to tell the speed and direction that a plate is moving. | C: plates. |
Does overhead irrigation or drip irrigation use less water?
Here are the choices:
A. stream irrigation
B. constant flow
C. mist irrigation
D. drip irrigation | Irrigation is the single biggest use of water. Overhead irrigation wastes a lot of water. Drip irrigation wastes a lot less. Figure below shows a drip irrigation system. Water pipes run over the surface of the ground. Tiny holes in the pipes are placed close to each plant. Water slowly drips out of the holes and soaks ... | D: drip irrigation. |
Stis are diseases caused by what that spread through sexual contact?
Here are the choices:
A. parasites
B. ecosystems
C. amoeba
D. pathogens | STIs are diseases caused by pathogens that spread through sexual contact. Abstinence from sexual activity and other risk behaviors is the only completely effective way to prevent the spread of STIs. | D: pathogens. |
The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood through which system?
Here are the choices:
A. circulatory
B. endocrine
C. nervous
D. pulmonary | Mollusks have a circulatory system with one or two hearts that pump blood. The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood through the circulatory system when its muscles contract. The circulatory system may be open or closed, depending on the species. | A: circulatory. |
Being dependent on adults for a long maturation period allows young primates ample time for what?
Here are the choices:
A. learning
B. socialization
C. attachment
D. sleeping | Primates have slower rates of development than other mammals their size. They reach maturity later and have longer lifespans. Being dependent on adults for a long maturation period gives young primates plenty of time to learn from their elders. | A: learning. |
What process can be triggered by a burst of ethylene production in the fruit?
Here are the choices:
A. ripening
B. hardening
C. drying
D. pickling | A: ripening. | |
What is a sac-like organ that stores urine?
Here are the choices:
A. the urinary liver
B. the urinary bladder
C. the small intestine
D. the colon | From the kidneys, urine enters the ureters. These are two muscular tubes that carry urine to the urinary bladder. Contractions of the muscles of the ureters move the urine along by peristalsis. The urinary bladder is a sac-like organ that stores urine. When the bladder is about half full, a sphincter relaxes to let uri... | B: the urinary bladder. |
When the pressure waves from the scala move the basilar membrane, the tectorial membrane slides across the what?
Here are the choices:
A. keratin
B. dendrites
C. cytoplasm
D. stereocilia | The organs of Corti contain hair cells, which are named for the hair-like stereocilia extending from the cell’s apical surfaces (Figure 14.8). The stereocilia are an array of microvilli-like structures arranged from tallest to shortest. Protein fibers tether adjacent hairs together within each array, such that the arra... | D: stereocilia. |
What are surface currents generally caused by?
Here are the choices:
A. major steam belts
B. major humidity belts
C. major wind belts
D. minor wind belts | Like air in the atmosphere, ocean water moves in currents. A current is a stream of moving water that flows through the ocean. Surface currents are caused mainly by winds but not daily winds. Surface currents are caused by the major wind belts. These winds blow in the same direction all the time. So they can keep water... | C: major wind belts. |
What helps cells take up glucose from the blood?
Here are the choices:
A. insulin
B. estrogen
C. hemoglobin
D. oxygen | Insulin was the first human protein to be produced in this way. Insulin helps cells take up glucose from the blood. People with type 1 diabetes have a mutation in the gene that normally codes for insulin. Without insulin, their blood glucose rises to harmfully high levels. At present, the only treatment for type 1 diab... | A: insulin. |
What is the term for potential energy due to the position of an object above earth?
Here are the choices:
A. gravitational recovery energy
B. gravitational pull energy
C. gravitational potential energy
D. gravitational indication energy | Potential energy due to the position of an object above Earth is called gravitational potential energy. Like the leaves on trees, anything that is raised up above Earth’s surface has the potential to fall because of gravity. You can see examples of people with gravitational potential energy in Figure below . | C: gravitational potential energy. |
What type of engineers influence community structure through their effects on the physical environment?
Here are the choices:
A. civil engineers
B. electrical engineers
C. ecosystem engineers
D. mechanical engineers | C: ecosystem engineers. | |
The atomic number defines the identity of what?
Here are the choices:
A. element
B. atomic reaction
C. neutralized molecule
D. periodic table | The atomic number defines the identity of an element. | A: element. |
The nuclei of radioisotopes are unstable, so they constantly decay and emit what?
Here are the choices:
A. chemicals
B. radiation
C. moisture
D. acid | The nuclei of radioisotopes are unstable, so they constantly decay and emit radiation. | B: radiation. |
Parthenogenesis is the most common form of what in animals that at other times reproduce sexually?
Here are the choices:
A. budding
B. sexual dimorphism
C. asexual reproduction
D. cell division | C: asexual reproduction. | |
What kind of fossils are excellent markers for correlating the ages of sedimentary rocks?
Here are the choices:
A. foram
B. vertiscom
C. agonum
D. euglena | A: foram. | |
Gated ion channels have a central role in what system's function?
Here are the choices:
A. skeletal
B. endocrine
C. generous
D. nervous | D: nervous. | |
Energy that the sun and other stars release into space is called what?
Here are the choices:
A. kinetic energy
B. static energy
C. mechanical energy
D. electromagnetic energy | Energy that the sun and other stars release into space is called electromagnetic energy . This form of energy travels through space as electrical and magnetic waves. Electromagnetic energy is commonly called light. It includes visible light, as well as radio waves, microwaves, and X rays ( Figure below ). | D: electromagnetic energy. |
Hydrogen gas is generated by the reaction of nitric acid and what else?
Here are the choices:
A. martian iron
B. carbon
C. elemental iron
D. gaseous iron | E XA MP L E 1 7 Hydrogen gas is generated by the reaction of nitric acid and elemental iron. The gas is collected in an inverted 2.00 L container immersed in a pool of water at 22°C. At the end of the collection, the partial pressure inside the container is 733 torr. How many moles of H2 gas were generated?. | C: elemental iron. |
What is the top 200 meters of water in the ocean called?
Here are the choices:
A. thymic zone
B. over zone
C. organelle zone
D. photic zone | ocean zone in the top 200 meters of water that receives enough sunlight for photosynthesis. | D: photic zone. |
Zinc is what kind of metal.?
Here are the choices:
A. passive stagnant metal
B. active transition metal
C. active flow metal
D. active move metal | Figure 18.7 Zinc is an active transition metal. It dissolves in hydrochloric acid, forming a solution of colorless Zn 2+ ions, Cl– ions, and hydrogen gas. | B: active transition metal. |
What do decomposers release when they break down dead organisms?
Here are the choices:
A. carbon dioxide
B. methane
C. acids
D. nutrients | Decomposers release nutrients when they break down dead organisms. | D: nutrients. |
Wavelengths are described by a unit of what?
Here are the choices:
A. speed
B. distance
C. direction
D. weight | Wavelengths are described by a unit of distance, typically meters. | B: distance. |
Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis are examples of which type of sti?
Here are the choices:
A. non-contagious
B. viral
C. incurable
D. bacterial | Bacterial STIs include chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis. | D: bacterial. |
Which process acts as a natural complement for cellular respiration?
Here are the choices:
A. glycolysis
B. atherosclerosis
C. photosynthesis
D. absorption | Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are connected through an important relationship. This relationship enables life to survive as we know it. The products of one process are the reactants of the other. Notice that the equation for cellular respiration is the direct opposite of photosynthesis :. | C: photosynthesis. |
What are the only invertebrates that can fly?
Here are the choices:
A. mammels
B. birds
C. insects
D. amphibians | The main reason that insects have been so successful is their ability to fly. Insects are the only invertebrates that can fly and the first animals to evolve flight. Flight has important advantages. It’s a guaranteed means of escape from nonflying predators. It also aids in the search for food and mates. | C: insects. |
What is the term for the cell fragments involved in blood clotting, which stick to tears in blood vessels and to each other?
Here are the choices:
A. molecules
B. platelets
C. droplets
D. cells | Platelets are cell fragments involved in blood clotting. They stick to tears in blood vessels and to each other, forming a plug at the site of injury. They also release chemicals that are needed for clotting to occur. | B: platelets. |
What celestial body is often discovered because it causes a star to move or to dim?
Here are the choices:
A. exoplanet
B. comet
C. satellite
D. asteroid | We have been able to take pictures of only a few exoplanets. Most are discovered because of some tell-tale signs. One sign is a very slight motion of a star that must be caused by the pull of a planet. Another sign is the partial dimming of a star’s light as the planet passes in front of it. | A: exoplanet. |
What shape is the lens of the eye?
Here are the choices:
A. spherical
B. angular
C. concave
D. convex | The lens of the eye is a convex lens. It fine-tunes the focus so an image forms on the retina at the back of the eye. Tiny muscles control the shape of the lens to focus images of close or distant objects. | D: convex. |
What is the change frogs and butterflies go through?
Here are the choices:
A. parthenogenesis
B. metamorphosis
C. hiatus
D. transformation | B: metamorphosis. | |
What term is used to describe the attractive force between molecules of the same substance?
Here are the choices:
A. magnetism
B. attraction
C. strength
D. cohesion | D: cohesion. | |
Where do archea live?
Here are the choices:
A. everywhere
B. underground
C. in mammals
D. in the ocean | Archaea live everywhere on Earth, including extreme environments. | A: everywhere. |
What is the 'stuff' that all things are made of?
Here are the choices:
A. minerals
B. plasma
C. matter
D. metal | Living things are made of matter. In fact, matter is the “stuff” of which all things are made. Anything that occupies space and has mass is known as matter. Matter, in turn, consists of chemical substances. A chemical substance is a material that has a definite chemical composition. It is also homogeneous, so the same ... | C: matter. |
What is the change of characteristics of living things over time?
Here are the choices:
A. generation
B. adaptation
C. evolution
D. spontaneous mutation | Evolution is a change in the characteristics of living things over time. Evolution occurs by a process called natural selection. In natural selection , some living things produce more offspring than others, so they pass more genes to the next generation than others do. Over many generations, this can lead to major chan... | C: evolution. |
What is the si unit for electric current?
Here are the choices:
A. joule
B. ohm
C. planck
D. ampere | Electric current is a continuous flow of electric charges (electrons). Current is measured as the amount of charge that flows past a given point in a certain amount of time. The SI unit for electric current is the ampere (A), or amp. Electric current may flow in just one direction (direct current), or it may keep rever... | D: ampere. |
What abbreviated form refers to oxidation-reduction reactions, which are part of respiration and photosynthesis?
Here are the choices:
A. morph reactions
B. reflex reactions
C. redox reactions
D. oxid reactions | In stoichiometry, quantities of reactants and/or products can be related to each other using the balanced chemical equation. The coefficients in a balanced chemical reaction are used to devise the proper ratios that relate the number of molecules of one substance to the number of molecules of another substance. Chemica... | C: redox reactions. |
In a cell cycle, what kind of regulator molecules allow advancement to the next stage?
Here are the choices:
A. positive
B. negative
C. strong
D. similar | 10.3 Control of the Cell Cycle Each step of the cell cycle is monitored by internal controls called checkpoints. There are three major checkpoints in the cell cycle: one near the end of G1, a second at the G2/M transition, and the third during metaphase. Positive regulator molecules allow the cell cycle to advance to t... | A: positive. |
What are kpa, atm, and mmhg measurement units for?
Here are the choices:
A. temperature
B. pressure
C. velocity
D. weight | The value of , the ideal gas constant, depends on the units chosen for pressure, temperature, and volume in the ideal gas equation. It is necessary to use Kelvin for the temperature and it is conventional to use the SI unit of liters for the volume. However, pressure is commonly measured in one of three units: kPa, atm... | B: pressure. |
Each month, starting in puberty, one egg matures and is released from where?
Here are the choices:
A. pollen
B. uterus
C. testes
D. ovary | Each month, starting in puberty, one egg matures and is released from the ovary. | D: ovary. |
Synostoses unite the sacral vertebrae that fuse together to form the what?
Here are the choices:
A. permanent sacrum
B. adult sacrum
C. young sacrum
D. lower sacrum | synostoses and fusing the bony components together into the single hip bone of the adult. Similarly, synostoses unite the sacral vertebrae that fuse together to form the adult sacrum. | B: adult sacrum. |
What eliminates food wastes that remain after digestion takes place?
Here are the choices:
A. gall bladder
B. small intestine
C. liver
D. large intestine | The large intestine eliminates food wastes that remain after digestion takes place. | D: large intestine. |
What is the membrane that surrounds a fetus called?
Here are the choices:
A. cell membrane
B. umbilicus
C. amniotic sac
D. umbilical sac | The amniotic sac is a membrane that surrounds the fetus. It is filled with water and dissolved substances, known as amniotic fluid. Imagine placing a small plastic toy inside a balloon and then filling the balloon with water. The toy would be cushioned and protected by the water. It would also be able to move freely in... | C: amniotic sac. |
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