questions stringlengths 37 1.22k | reasoning stringlengths 0 3.56k ⌀ | answers stringlengths 4 138 |
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In a hydrogen replacement reaction, the hydrogen in the acid is replaced by what?
Here are the choices:
A. an active metal
B. oxygen
C. gas
D. water | In a hydrogen replacement reaction, the hydrogen in the acid is replaced by an active metal. | A: an active metal. |
Mitosis and meiosis are both forms of division of the nucleus in these?
Here are the choices:
A. converts cells
B. eukaryotic cells
C. endogenous cells
D. reproduction cells | Comparing Meiosis and Mitosis Mitosis and meiosis are both forms of division of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells. They share some similarities, but also exhibit distinct differences that lead to very different outcomes (Figure 11.7). Mitosis is a single nuclear division that results in two nuclei that are usually partit... | B: eukaryotic cells. |
What is the last step in a scientific investigation?
Here are the choices:
A. documenting findings
B. retesting findings
C. verifying findings
D. communicating findings | The last step in a scientific investigation is communicating what you have learned with others. This is a very important step because it allows others to test your hypothesis. If other researchers get the same results as yours, they add support to the hypothesis. However, if they get different results, they may disprov... | D: communicating findings. |
Where is multiple fission more often observed?
Here are the choices:
A. among multi-celled organisms
B. among animals
C. among protists
D. among vertebrates | Binary fission in various single-celled organisms (left). Cell division is a relatively simple process in many single-celled organisms. Eventually the parent cell will pinch apart to form two identical daughter cells. In multiple fission (right), a multinucleated cell can divide to form more than one daughter cell. Mul... | C: among protists. |
What type of invertebrates where the earliest animals?
Here are the choices:
A. cnidaria
B. annelids
C. arachnids
D. aquatic invertebrates | The oldest animal fossils are about 630 million years old. The earliest animals were aquatic invertebrates. The first vertebrates evolved around 550 million years ago. By 500 million years ago, most modern phyla of animals had evolved. | D: aquatic invertebrates. |
Unlike wood and glass, steel is an example of a material that responds to what force?
Here are the choices:
A. magnetic
B. thermal
C. kinetic
D. electromagnetic | Magnetism is the ability of a material to be attracted by a magnet and to act as a magnet. No doubt you’ve handled refrigerator magnets like the ones in Figure below . You probably know first-hand that they stick to a metal refrigerator but not to surfaces such as wooden doors and glass windows. Wood and glass aren’t a... | A: magnetic. |
Carefully controlling the speed of a fission reaction produces what kind of energy?
Here are the choices:
A. chemical
B. atomic
C. nuclear
D. thermal | Nuclear energy is produced by carefully controlling the speed of a fission reaction. | C: nuclear. |
When two electric contacts come together it completes a what?
Here are the choices:
A. charge
B. cricuit
C. breaker
D. atom | Figure below shows a diagram of a simple doorbell. Like most doorbells, it has a button located by the front door. Pressing the button causes two electric contacts to come together and complete an electric circuit. In other words, the button is a switch. The circuit is also connected to a voltage source, an electromagn... | B: cricuit. |
Pure nonpolar covalent bonds exist only between what?
Here are the choices:
A. two producing atoms
B. two identical atoms
C. three altered atoms
D. two altered atoms | Pure nonpolar covalent bonds exist only between two identical atoms. The H-H bond would be 100% covalent, because there is no difference in electronegativity between the two atoms. | B: two identical atoms. |
The decay rate is measured in a unit called the what?
Here are the choices:
A. exponential decay
B. radioactive decay
C. half-life
D. decay rate | The decay of an unstable isotope to a stable element occurs at a constant rate. This rate is different for each isotope pair. The decay rate is measured in a unit called the half-life. The half-life is the time it takes for half of a given amount of an isotope to decay. For example, the half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 y... | C: half-life. |
What is a condition in which a material called plaque builds up inside arteries?
Here are the choices:
A. fibrosis
B. arthritis
C. atherosclerosis
D. scoliosis | Atherosclerosis is a condition in which a material called plaque builds up inside arteries. Plaque consists of cell debris, cholesterol, and other substances. As plaque builds up in an artery, the artery narrows, as shown in Figure below . This reduces blood flow through the artery. | C: atherosclerosis. |
Quarks in the middle energy family are found in cosmic rays and are produced in what?
Here are the choices:
A. particle accelerators
B. particle processors
C. cosmic accelerators
D. particle splicers | Everyday objects are made up of quarks from the lowest energy family, namely up and down quarks. Quarks in the middle energy family are found in cosmic rays and are produced in particle accelerators. Particles in the high energy family are believed to have existed briefly during the earliest moments of the Big Bang and... | A: particle accelerators. |
What celestial body in the solar system makes up most of its total mass?
Here are the choices:
A. Jupiter
B. earth
C. Andromeda
D. sun | The Sun makes up almost all of the mass of the solar system. | D: sun. |
Free ear lobes, widow's peak and a dimpled chin are examples of what kind of traits in humans?
Here are the choices:
A. genetic disorders
B. adaptations
C. mendelian
D. spontaneous mutations | In many instances, the relationship between genes and inheritance is more complex than that which Mendel found. Nevertheless, geneticists have since found that Mendel’s findings can be applied to many organisms. For example, there are clear patterns of Mendelian inheritance in humans. These include the inheritance of n... | C: mendelian. |
Producing light without heat is called what?
Here are the choices:
A. thermoluminescence
B. osmosis
C. bioluminescence
D. luminescence | The sun and other stars produce light because they are so hot. They glow with light due to their extremely high temperatures. This way of producing light is called incandescence . Some objects produce light without becoming very hot. They generate light through chemical reactions or other processes. Producing light wit... | D: luminescence. |
What natural part of the water cycle can cause damage and death?
Here are the choices:
A. expiration
B. evaporation
C. clouds
D. floods | Floods are a natural part of the water cycle, but they can cause a lot of damage. Farms and homes may be lost, and people may die. In 1939, millions of people died in a flood in China. Although freshwater is needed to grow crops and just to live, too much freshwater in the same place at once can be deadly. | D: floods. |
How many large eggs are generated during oogenesis?
Here are the choices:
A. 3
B. one
C. 2
D. 4 | B: one. | |
Gaseous nitrogen is converted into forms that can be used by plants during a process called what?
Here are the choices:
A. oxygen fixation
B. plant fixation
C. dioxide fixation
D. nitrogen fixation | Gaseous nitrogen is converted into forms that can be used by plants during the process of nitrogen fixation. | D: nitrogen fixation. |
What is an example of a disease that affects the blood?
Here are the choices:
A. tuberculosis
B. rickets
C. scoliosis
D. anemia | Many diseases affect the blood or its components. They include anemia, leukemia, hemophilia, and sickle-cell disease. | D: anemia. |
Name the term used to described prokaryotes that require oxygen.
Here are the choices:
A. hydrophylic
B. aerobic
C. mouth breathers
D. anaerobic | Prokaryotes that need oxygen are described as aerobic. They use oxygen for cellular respiration. Examples include the prokaryotes that live on your skin. | B: aerobic. |
Many ionic compounds with relatively large cations and a 1:1 cation:anion ratio have this structure, which is called the what?
Here are the choices:
A. cesium chloride structure
B. analogous structure
C. hydrocarbon structure
D. boron chloride structure | Common Structures of Binary Compounds As shown in part (a) in Figure 12.8 "Holes in Cubic Lattices", a simple cubic lattice of anions contains only one kind of hole, located in the center of the unit cell. Because this hole is equidistant from all eight atoms at the corners of the unit cell, it is called acubic hole. A... | A: cesium chloride structure. |
What property increases as an object's mass increases, making a full box harder to push than an empty one?
Here are the choices:
A. inertia
B. weight
C. gravity
D. magnetism | The inertia of an object depends on its mass. Objects with greater mass also have greater inertia. Think how hard it would be to push a big box full of books, like the one in Figure below . Then think how easy it would be to push the box if it was empty. The full box is harder to move because it has greater mass and th... | A: inertia. |
What will happen to sea levels due to increased global temperatures?
Here are the choices:
A. reverse
B. Drop
C. rise
D. surge | This increase in global temperature will cause the sea level to rise. It is also expected to produce an increase in extreme weather events and change the amount of precipitation. Global warming may also cause food shortages and species extinction. | C: rise. |
Sea-lilies, sea cucumbers and sea stars fall into what class of organism?
Here are the choices:
A. snakes
B. crabs
C. echinoderms
D. mollusks | While almost all echinoderms live on the sea floor, some sea-lilies can swim at great speeds for brief periods of time, and a few sea cucumbers are fully floating. Some echinoderms find other ways of moving. For example, crinoids attach themselves to floating logs, and some sea cucumbers move by attaching to the sides ... | C: echinoderms. |
What kind of rock forms when material such as gravel, sand, silt or clay is compacted and cemented together?
Here are the choices:
A. sedimentary
B. limestone
C. ingenious
D. craters | 2. Sedimentary rocks form when sediments are compacted and cemented together ( Figure below ). These sediments may be gravel, sand, silt or clay. Sedimentary rocks often have pieces of other rocks in them. Some sedimentary rocks form the solid minerals left behind after a liquid evaporates. | A: sedimentary. |
In science, we need to make observations on various phenomena to form and test what?
Here are the choices:
A. variations
B. assumptions
C. theories
D. hypotheses | In science, we need to make observations on various phenomena to form and test hypotheses. Some phenomena can be found and studied in nature, but scientists often need to create an experiment . Experiments are tests under controlled conditions designed to demonstrate something scientists already know or to test somethi... | D: hypotheses. |
What do industries use water to generate?
Here are the choices:
A. pollution
B. electricity
C. refrigeration
D. light | Rechargeable batteries are renewable because they can be refilled with energy. Is the energy they are refilled with always renewable?. | B: electricity. |
Mammals are synapsids, meaning they have a single opening in what structure?
Here are the choices:
A. hip
B. spine
C. heart
D. skull | Evolution of Mammals Mammals are synapsids, meaning they have a single opening in the skull. They are the only living synapsids, as earlier forms became extinct by the Jurassic period. The early non-mammalian synapsids can be divided into two groups, the pelycosaurs and the therapsids. Within the therapsids, a group ca... | D: skull. |
What are the properties of solutions called that depend only on the concentration of dissolved particles and not on their identity?
Here are the choices:
A. platyhelminth properties
B. colligative properties
C. platyhelminth properties
D. platyhelminth properties | The vapor pressure of a solution is lower than that of the pure solvent at the same temperature. This decrease in vapor pressure is one example of a colligative property . Colligative properties are properties of solutions that depend only on the concentration of dissolved particles and not on their identity. | B: colligative properties. |
Liquids that mix with each other in all proportions are said to be miscible, maning they have infinite mutual what?
Here are the choices:
A. salinity
B. insolubility
C. solubility
D. viscosity | Solutions of Liquids in Liquids We know that some liquids mix with each other in all proportions; in other words, they have infinite mutual solubility and are said to be miscible. Ethanol, sulfuric acid, and ethylene glycol (popular for use as antifreeze, pictured in Figure 11.14) are examples of liquids that are compl... | C: solubility. |
Which law relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas?
Here are the choices:
A. directions gas law
B. combines gas law
C. shifts gas law
D. newton's law | The combined gas law relates pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas. | B: combines gas law. |
Heat and light are forms of what, which refers to the ability to do work?
Here are the choices:
A. fuel
B. energy
C. food
D. waves | Energy is the ability to do work. Heat and light are forms of energy. Energy can change form. It can also move from place to place. | B: energy. |
Volcano chains form as an oceanic plate moves over what?
Here are the choices:
A. dust spot
B. Water spot
C. hot spot
D. melt spot | A chain of volcanoes forms as an oceanic plate moves over a hot spot. This is how it happens. A volcano forms over the hotspot. Since the plate is moving, the volcano moves off of the hotspot. When the hotspot erupts again, a new volcano forms over it. This volcano is in line with the first. Over time, there is a line ... | C: hot spot. |
What type of planet is jupiter?
Here are the choices:
A. a noble gas
B. a phantom
C. a red dwarf
D. a gas giant | Since Jupiter is a gas giant, could a spacecraft land on its surface? The answer is no. There is no solid surface at all! Jupiter is made mostly of hydrogen, with some helium, and small amounts of other elements. The outer layers of the planet are gas. Deeper within the planet, the intense pressure condenses the gases ... | D: a gas giant. |
What does antifreeze do to the freezing temperature of the water in car radiators?
Here are the choices:
A. raises it
B. keeps it constant
C. foresees it
D. lowers it | Flickr:EvelynGiggles. Antifreeze lowers the freezing temperature of the water in car radiators . CC BY 2.0. | D: lowers it. |
What process typically occurs to metal exposed to outside elements?
Here are the choices:
A. explosion
B. extraction
C. corrosion
D. shrinkage | Metal exposed to the outside elements will usually corrode if not protected. The corrosion process is a series of redox reactions involving the metal of the sculpture. In some situations, the metals are deliberately left unprotected so that the surface will undergo changes that may enhance the esthetic value of the wor... | C: corrosion. |
The innermost layer of the sun is known as what?
Here are the choices:
A. photosphere
B. surface
C. core
D. convective zone | The core is the Sun's innermost layer. The core is plasma. It has a temperature of around 15 million degrees Celsius (°C). Nuclear fusion reactions create the immense temperature. In these reactions, hydrogen atoms fuse to form helium. This releases vast amounts of energy. The energy moves toward the outer layers of th... | C: core. |
Motor neurons and sensory neurons are part of what nervous system?
Here are the choices:
A. peripheral
B. central
C. autonomic
D. sensory-somatic | Sensory-Somatic Nervous System The sensory-somatic nervous system is made up of cranial and spinal nerves and contains both sensory and motor neurons. Sensory neurons transmit sensory information from the skin, skeletal muscle, and sensory organs to the CNS. Motor neurons transmit messages about desired movement from t... | D: sensory-somatic. |
What type of science is the study of matter and energy and includes chemistry and physics?
Here are the choices:
A. Earth science
B. biology
C. genetics
D. physical science | Physical science is the study of matter and energy. It includes chemistry and physics. | D: physical science. |
When plants lose their leaves in the fall, what chemical is produced less to cause the change?
Here are the choices:
A. oxygen
B. pheromes
C. chlorophyll
D. carbonate | Even if you don’t live in a place where leaves turn color in the fall, no doubt you’ve seen photos of their “fall colors” (see Figure below ). The leaves of many plants turn from green to other, glorious colors during autumn each year. The change is triggered by shorter days and cooler temperatures. Leaves respond to t... | C: chlorophyll. |
In which kind of animals does parthenogenesis occur?
Here are the choices:
A. species
B. tissues
C. mammals
D. invertebrates | Note that in fragmentation, there is generally a noticeable difference in the size of the individuals, whereas in fission, two individuals of approximate size are formed. Parthenogenesis Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction where an egg develops into a complete individual without being fertilized. The resu... | D: invertebrates. |
What is the name of the temporary organ that begins to form from the trophoblast layer of cells shortly after implantation?
Here are the choices:
A. appendix
B. uterus
C. placenta
D. embryo | The placenta is a temporary organ that begins to form from the trophoblast layer of cells shortly after implantation. (For an animation showing how the placenta forms, go to link below. ) The placenta continues to develop and grow to meet the needs of the growing fetus. A fully developed placenta, like the one in Figur... | C: placenta. |
What term is used to describe anything that takes up space and has mass?
Here are the choices:
A. weight
B. matter
C. opacity
D. size | If you look at your hand, what do you see? Of course, you see skin, which consists of cells. But what are skin cells made of? Like all living cells, they are made of matter. In fact, all things are made of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. Matter, in turn, is made up of chemical substances. I... | B: matter. |
What is the organ that senses sound?
Here are the choices:
A. ear
B. eye
C. nose
D. skin | Hearing is the ability to sense sound waves, and the ear is the organ that senses sound. Sound waves enter the auditory canal and travel to the eardrum (see Figure below ). They strike the eardrum and make it vibrate. The vibrations then travel through several other structures inside the ear and reach the cochlea. The ... | A: ear. |
What can be described in terms of size, density, and distribution?
Here are the choices:
A. biomes
B. dimensions
C. habitats
D. populations | Populations can be described in terms of size, density, and distribution. Population growth may be exponential or logistic. The age-sex structure of a population affects the rate of population growth. | D: populations. |
What is the term for the simplest form of matter that has a unique set of properties?
Here are the choices:
A. an atom
B. an electron
C. an element
D. a neutron | An element is the simplest form of matter that has a unique set of properties. Examples of well-known elements include oxygen, iron, and gold (see the figure below). Elements cannot be broken down into a simpler substance. Likewise, one element cannot be chemically converted into a different element. | C: an element. |
What causes light to refract?
Here are the choices:
A. bending
B. speeding up
C. slowing down
D. blinking | Light slows down when it enters water from the air. This causes the wave to refract, or bend. | C: slowing down. |
Capacitors can be used to filter out low frequencies. for example, a capacitor in series with a sound reproduction system rids it of the 60 hz what?
Here are the choices:
A. vibration
B. white noise
C. echo
D. hum | the current. Capacitors can be used to filter out low frequencies. For example, a capacitor in series with a sound reproduction system rids it of the 60 Hz hum. | D: hum. |
What is made up of nerve cells that sense stimuli and transmit signals?
Here are the choices:
A. blood tissue
B. nervous tissue
C. muscle tissues
D. dependent tissue | Nervous tissue is made up of nerve cells that sense stimuli and transmit signals. Nervous tissue is found in nerves, the spinal cord, and the brain. | B: nervous tissue. |
Some animals prepare for the long winter by going into what?
Here are the choices:
A. suspended animation
B. fermentation
C. hibernation
D. pollination | C: hibernation. | |
It may seem as though burning destroys matter, but the same amount of what, still exists after a campfire as before?
Here are the choices:
A. mass
B. termperature
C. concentrations
D. energy | It may seem as though burning destroys matter, but the same amount, or mass, of matter still exists after a campfire as before. Look at the sketch in Figure below . It shows that when wood burns, it combines with oxygen and changes not only to ashes but also to carbon dioxide and water vapor. The gases float off into t... | A: mass. |
Different isotopes of an element have different mass numbers because they have different numbers of what?
Here are the choices:
A. neutrons
B. electrons
C. protons
D. nuclei | An atom’s mass number is its mass in atomic mass units (amu), which is about equal to the total number of protons and neutrons in the atom. Different isotopes of an element have different mass numbers because they have different numbers of neutrons. | A: neutrons. |
Density is defined as the mass of an object divided by its what?
Here are the choices:
A. growth
B. size
C. volume
D. liquid | Density is defined as the mass of an object divided by its volume. Propose a unit of density in terms of the fundamental SI units. | C: volume. |
What element is responsible for one-half of the osmotic pressure gradient that exists between the interior of cells and their surrounding environment?
Here are the choices:
A. potassium
B. nitrogen
C. calcium
D. sodium | Sodium Sodium is the major cation of the extracellular fluid. It is responsible for one-half of the osmotic pressure gradient that exists between the interior of cells and their surrounding environment. People eating a typical Western diet, which is very high in NaCl, routinely take in 130 to 160 mmol/day of sodium, bu... | D: sodium. |
What types of orbits do comets usually have?
Here are the choices:
A. elliptical
B. vertical
C. spectral
D. convex | Comets are small, icy objects that orbit the Sun in very elliptical orbits. When they are close to the Sun, they form comas and tails, which glow and make the comet more visible. | A: elliptical. |
What describes how close an estimate is to a known standard?
Here are the choices:
A. accuracy
B. diversity
C. precision
D. frequency | Accuracy describes how close an estimate is to a known standard. | A: accuracy. |
Canoe paddles, nutcracker, and hammer are examples of what type of simple machine?
Here are the choices:
A. handle
B. lock
C. pivot
D. lever | The canoe paddles, nutcracker, and hammer that you read about in this lesson have something in common. All three are examples of a type of simple machine called a lever. | D: lever. |
What do most species of monkeys have that no apes or humans do?
Here are the choices:
A. five fingers
B. large brain
C. tail
D. fur | What's the difference between monkeys and apes? The easiest way to distinguish monkeys from the other primates is to look for a tail. Most monkey species have tails, but no apes or humans do. Monkeys are much more like other mammals than apes and humans are. | C: tail. |
What are joints in which the bones are connected by a band of connective tissue?
Here are the choices:
A. cartilaginous
B. syndesmoses
C. plane
D. saddle | Syndesmoses are joints in which the bones are connected by a band of connective tissue, allowing for more movement than in a suture. An example of a syndesmosis is the joint of the tibia and fibula in the ankle. The amount of movement in these types of joints is determined by the length of the connective tissue fibers.... | B: syndesmoses. |
What are the four stages of food processing?
Here are the choices:
A. ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination
B. ingestion, digestion, absorption, and reproduction
C. ingestion, reproduction, absorption, and elimination
D. ingestion, digestion, elimination and extinction | 41.2 The main stages of food processing are ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination. | A: ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination. |
What are different forms of the same gene?
Here are the choices:
A. nuerons
B. genomes
C. alleles
D. peptides | Homologous chromosomes form a pair, one from each parent. Homologous chromosomes are similar in size and shape, and contain the same genes, though they may have different alleles. Alleles are alternative forms of the same gene. This diagram represents two pairs of homologous chromosomes. | C: alleles. |
What is the wheeled robot developed by nasa to explore the surface of mars?
Here are the choices:
A. mars SUV
B. mars driver
C. mars rover
D. mars robot | The Mars Rover pictured here is a wheeled robot developed by NASA. Its job is to explore the surface of Mars. The rover contains a lot of complex modern technology. But how it moves by rolling on wheels is a very old invention. The wheel was probably invented many times in different cultures, beginning at least 10,000 ... | C: mars rover. |
What effect does taking anabolic steroids have on testosterone production?
Here are the choices:
A. does nothing
B. eliminates it
C. reduces it
D. increases it | Chapter 27 1 Sperm remain in the epididymis until they degenerate. 3 The fimbriae sweep the oocyte into the uterine tube. 5 The testes are located in the abdomen. 6 b 8 b 10 c 12 a 14 c 16 d 18 b 20 A single gamete must combine with a gamete from an individual of the opposite sex to produce a fertilized egg, which has ... | C: reduces it. |
Living in a large colony requires good communication. ants communicate with chemicals called what?
Here are the choices:
A. alkalides
B. pheromones
C. hormones
D. peptides | Living in a large colony requires good communication. Ants communicate with chemicals called pheromones . For example, an ant deposits pheromones on the ground as it returns to the nest from a food source. It is marking the path so other ants can find the food. Honeybees communicate by doing a “waggle dance. ”. | B: pheromones. |
What complex carbohydrates are the polymers of glucose?
Here are the choices:
A. fruits
B. sugars
C. starches
D. fats | Starches are complex carbohydrates that are polymers of glucose. Starches are used by plants to store energy. Consumers get starches by eating plants. They break down the starches to sugar for energy. | C: starches. |
What is the term for the shallow space above the zygomatic arch in a skull?
Here are the choices:
A. angular fossa
B. Medium Fossa
C. distinct fossa
D. temporal fossa | Figure 7.5 Lateral View of Skull The lateral skull shows the large rounded brain case, zygomatic arch, and the upper and lower jaws. The zygomatic arch is formed jointly by the zygomatic process of the temporal bone and the temporal process of the zygomatic bone. The shallow space above the zygomatic arch is the tempor... | D: temporal fossa. |
What is the inner layer of skin called?
Here are the choices:
A. the epidermis
B. connective layer
C. the dermis
D. hypodermis | The dermis is the inner layer of skin. It is made of tough connective tissue. The dermis is attached to the epidermis by fibers made of the protein collagen. The dermis is where most skin structures are located. Look again at Figure above . You’ll see that the dermis has blood vessels and nerve endings. The nerve endin... | C: the dermis. |
Many european and asiatic elms are less susceptible to dutch elm disease than which elms?
Here are the choices:
A. rican
B. caribbean
C. african
D. american | Accidentally introduced in the 1900s, the fungus decimated elm trees across the continent. Many European and Asiatic elms are less susceptible to Dutch elm disease than American elms. In humans, fungal infections are generally considered challenging to treat. Unlike bacteria, fungi do not respond to traditional antibio... | D: american. |
What does a thermometer measure?
Here are the choices:
A. precipitation
B. size
C. oxygen
D. temperature | Temperature is the quantity measured by a thermometer. Temperature is related to the average kinetic energy of atoms and molecules in a system. Absolute zero is the temperature at which there is no molecular motion. There are three main temperature scales: Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin. Temperatures on one scale can ... | D: temperature. |
What are plant-like protists called?
Here are the choices:
A. sponge
B. fungi
C. algae
D. spores | Plant-like protists are called algae. They include single-celled diatoms and multicellular seaweed. | C: algae. |
What is a series of processes that remove unwanted substances from water called?
Here are the choices:
A. water treatment
B. water dilution
C. water cleaning
D. water filtration | Water treatment is a series of processes that remove unwanted substances from water. The goal of water treatment is to make the water safe to return to the natural environment or to the human water supply. Treating water for other purposes may not include all the same steps. That’s because water used in agriculture or ... | A: water treatment. |
Original atoms are called what type of isotopes?
Here are the choices:
A. component
B. product
C. offspring
D. parent | Direction is an important component of motion. | D: parent. |
What do you call an area covered with water, or possessing very soggy soil, all or part of the year?
Here are the choices:
A. wetland
B. island
C. peninsula
D. stream | Some of Earth’s freshwater is found in wetlands. A wetland is an area that is covered with water, or at least has very soggy soil, during all or part of the year. Certain species of plants thrive in wetlands, and they are rich ecosystems. Freshwater wetlands are usually found at the edges of streams, rivers, ponds, or ... | A: wetland. |
In which continent are meerkats most likely to be found?
Here are the choices:
A. South America
B. North America
C. africa
D. Australia | Another example of cooperation is seen with meerkats. Meerkats are small mammals that live in Africa. They also live in groups and cooperate with one another. For example, young female meerkats act as babysitters. They take care of the baby meerkats while their parents are away looking for food. | C: africa. |
What is the name of the thin layer that acts as a boundary between the stratosphere and the mesosphere?
Here are the choices:
A. spirogyra
B. stratopause
C. ozone layer
D. spicule | At the top of the stratosphere is a thin layer called the stratopause. It acts as a boundary between the stratosphere and the mesosphere. | B: stratopause. |
What is the process of removing wastes and excess water from the body?
Here are the choices:
A. excretion
B. diffusion
C. depletion
D. ingestion | Excretion is the process of removing wastes and excess water from the body. It is one of the major ways the body maintains homeostasis. Organs of excretion make up the excretory system. They include the kidneys, large intestine, liver, skin, and lungs. | A: excretion. |
Which measure shows how individuals in a population are distributed, or spread throughout their area?
Here are the choices:
A. proportional distribution
B. geographical distribution
C. population phase
D. population distribution | Population density is an average measure. Often, individuals in a population are not spread out evenly. Instead, they may live in clumps or some other pattern. How individuals in a population are distributed, or spread throughout their area, is called population distribution. You can see different patterns of populatio... | D: population distribution. |
What is a simple carbohydrate with the chemical formula c 6 h 12 o 6 better known as?
Here are the choices:
A. alcohol
B. fructose
C. glutamate
D. glucose | Glucose is a simple carbohydrate with the chemical formula C 6 H 12 O 6 . It stores chemical energy in a concentrated, stable form. In your body, glucose is the form of energy that is carried in your blood and taken up by each of your trillions of cells. Glucose is the end product of photosynthesis, and it is the nearl... | D: glucose. |
Groups of related organs form what?
Here are the choices:
A. community systems
B. artificial systems
C. maturation systems
D. organ systems | Animals not only have specialized cells. Most animals also have tissues and organs. In many animals, organs form organ systems, such as a nervous system. Higher levels of organization allow animals to perform many complex functions. What can animals do that most other living things cannot? Here are some examples. All o... | D: organ systems. |
Each lymph organ has a different job in what system?
Here are the choices:
A. nervous
B. circulatory
C. respiratory
D. immune | Each lymph organ has a different job in the immune system. | D: immune. |
The number of protons in an atom is called what?
Here are the choices:
A. atomic number
B. isotope
C. mass number
D. metallic number | The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom. This number is unique for atoms of each kind of element. For example, the atomic number of all helium atoms is 2. | A: atomic number. |
Crevasses are found in glaciers. how do these come about?
Here are the choices:
A. from movement
B. rigidity
C. god
D. man made | Crevasses in a glacier are the result of movement. | A: from movement. |
Combining nonpolar olive oil and polar vinegar yields what type of mixture?
Here are the choices:
A. amorphous
B. omnigeneous
C. heterogeneous
D. homogeneous | Another familiar example is the mixing of vinegar and olive oil. Olive oil is a nonpolar substance, while vinegar (which is mostly water and acetic acid) is polar. The result is a heterogeneous mixture that exhibits a bilayer. | C: heterogeneous. |
If no conclusion is reached after an experiment, the scientist may retest what?
Here are the choices:
A. conclusion
B. hypothesis
C. suggestions
D. materials | The scientist must next form a conclusion. The scientist must study all of the data. What statement best explains the data? Did the experiment prove the hypothesis? Sometimes an experiment shows that a hypothesis is correct. Other times the data disproves the hypothesis. Sometimes it's not possible to tell. If there is... | B: hypothesis. |
What builds up in an artery and reduces blood flow?
Here are the choices:
A. pressure
B. surface tension
C. plaque
D. calcium deposits | Plaque buildup in an artery reduces blood flow through the vessel. | C: plaque. |
Compounds with metals and nonmetals sharing electrons are known as what kinds of compounds?
Here are the choices:
A. ions
B. eons
C. acids
D. atoms | The Formation of Ionic Compounds Binary ionic compounds are composed of just two elements: a metal (which forms the cations) and a nonmetal (which forms the anions). For example, NaCl is a binary ionic compound. We can think about the formation of such compounds in terms of the periodic properties of the elements. Many... | A: ions. |
What are the only organisms that can perform photosynthesis?
Here are the choices:
A. monocots
B. sponges
C. autotrophs
D. heterotrophs | CHAPTER SUMMARY 5.1 Overview of Photosynthesis The process of photosynthesis transformed life on earth. By harnessing energy from the sun, photosynthesis allowed living things to access enormous amounts of energy. Because of photosynthesis, living things gained access to sufficient energy, allowing them to evolve new s... | C: autotrophs. |
What is an interesting example of a molecule with two central atoms, which are both c atoms?
Here are the choices:
A. acetylene
B. chloride
C. sulfur
D. water | Acetylene is an interesting example of a molecule with two central atoms, which are both C atoms. Polyatomic ions are bonded together with covalent bonds. Because they are ions, however, they participate in ionic bonding with other ions. So both major types of bonding can occur at the same time. | A: acetylene. |
What is the name of the fungi that are ubiquitous in lakes and soil?
Here are the choices:
A. chytrids
B. sporozoans
C. zygomycota
D. eomycota | A: chytrids. | |
All the atoms of a given element have the same number of what in their nucleus, though they may have different numbers of neutrons?
Here are the choices:
A. molecules
B. compounds
C. electrons
D. protons | All the atoms of a given element have the same number of protons in their nucleus, but they may have different numbers of neutrons. Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes. Many elements have one or more isotopes that are radioactive. These isotopes are called radioisotopes . Th... | D: protons. |
What causes a voltage to exist across the membrane in cells?
Here are the choices:
A. same charge
B. insulators
C. increase in energy
D. difference in charges | The active transport of ions across the cell membrane causes an electrical gradient to build up across this membrane. The number of positively charged ions outside the cell is usually greater than the number of positively charged ions in the cytosol. This results in a relatively negative charge on the inside of the mem... | D: difference in charges. |
A synergist that makes the insertion site more stable is called a what?
Here are the choices:
A. lesion
B. fixator
C. dominator
D. kilocalorie | CHAPTER REVIEW 11.1 Interactions of Skeletal Muscles, Their Fascicle Arrangement, and Their Lever Systems Skeletal muscles each have an origin and an insertion. The end of the muscle that attaches to the bone being pulled is called the muscle’s insertion and the end of the muscle attached to a fixed, or stabilized, bon... | B: fixator. |
What system of the body is generally responsible for breathing?
Here are the choices:
A. respiratory system
B. integumentary
C. excretory
D. cardiac | The respiratory system is responsible for breathing. | A: respiratory system. |
Carbon dioxide does not rise like other gases because it has a density greater than what?
Here are the choices:
A. air
B. water
C. light
D. gravity | When we run a reaction to produce a gas, we expect it to rise into the air. Many students have done experiments where gases such as hydrogen are formed. The gas can be trapped in a test tube held upside-down over the reaction. Carbon dioxide, on the other hand, sinks when it is released. Carbon dioxide has a density gr... | A: air. |
What is the property that determines the amount of current flow through a particular material?
Here are the choices:
A. surface tension
B. pressure
C. resistance
D. demand | Resistance is the property that determines the amount of current flow through a particular material. | C: resistance. |
In glycolysis, glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvate. this results in a net gain of?
Here are the choices:
A. six atp molecules
B. three atp molecules
C. two atp molecules
D. four atp molecules | In glycolysis, glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvate. This results in a net gain of two ATP molecules. | C: two atp molecules. |
What organ do we use to hear sound?
Here are the choices:
A. the ear
B. antennae
C. amplifier
D. eye | The organ that we use to hear sound is the ear. Almost all the structures in the ear are needed for this purpose. Together, they gather and amplify sound waves and change their energy to electrical signals. The electrical signals travel to the brain, which interprets them as sound. | A: the ear. |
Mixture of metals is called what?
Here are the choices:
A. compound
B. alloy
C. fusion
D. amalgm | Metals such as iron are useful for many purposes because of their unique properties. For example, they can conduct electricity and bend without breaking. However, pure metals may be less useful than mixtures of metals with other elements. For example, adding a little carbon to iron makes it much stronger. This mixture ... | B: alloy. |
The rate the magma cools determines what property of the rock?
Here are the choices:
A. size
B. location
C. color
D. texture | The rate the magma cools determines the texture of the rock. | D: texture. |
Conduction from the core has what effect on the lower mantle?
Here are the choices:
A. it makes it rotate
B. it heats it
C. it cools it
D. it vibrates it | Conduction from the core heats the lower mantle. | B: it heats it. |
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