questions stringlengths 37 1.22k | reasoning stringlengths 0 3.56k ⌀ | answers stringlengths 4 138 |
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Why do mangrove trees rise high above the water? which characteristic help them to do so?
Here are the choices:
A. no roots
B. stilt like roots
C. fat roots
D. heavy roots | Mangrove roots are like stilts, allowing mangrove trees to rise high above the water. The trunk and leaves are above water even at high tide. A bloodroot plant uses food stored over the winter to grow flowers in the early spring. | B: stilt like roots. |
What fertilizes an egg during sexual reproduction?
Here are the choices:
A. cytoplasm
B. mucus
C. sperm
D. gametes | Image copyright James Steidl, 2014. During sexual reproduction, a sperm fertilizes an egg . Used under license from Shutterstock. com. | C: sperm. |
How does the fungus benefit from the photosynthesizer?
Here are the choices:
A. supply of food
B. shade
C. protection from chemicals
D. supply of carbon dioxide | A lichen is an organism that results from a mutualistic relationship between a fungus and a photosynthetic organism. The other organism is usually a cyanobacterium or green alga. The fungus grows around the bacterial or algal cells. The fungus benefits from the constant supply of food produced by the photosynthesizer. ... | A: supply of food. |
What is the name for unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain at least one double bond?
Here are the choices:
A. enzymes
B. acids
C. alkenes
D. lipids | Unsaturated hydrocarbons that contain at least one double bond are called alkenes . The name of a specific alkene always ends in – ene , with a prefix indicating the number of carbon atoms. Figure below shows the structural formula for the smallest alkene. It has just two carbon atoms and is named ethene. Ethene is pro... | C: alkenes. |
What is the term for a loop in which a product feeds back to control its own production?
Here are the choices:
A. Recondition Mechanism
B. feedback mechanism
C. load mechanism
D. Adaptive Mechanism | Hormones control many cell activities, so they are very important for homeostasis. But what controls the hormones themselves? Most hormones are regulated by feedback mechanisms. A feedback mechanism is a loop in which a product feeds back to control its own production. Most hormone feedback mechanisms involve negative ... | B: feedback mechanism. |
During what period on earth was coal formed?
Here are the choices:
A. Neoproterozoic era
B. Neoproterozoic
C. Mesozoic
D. the carboniferous period | The Carboniferous Period : Next, during the Carboniferous Period (360–290 million years ago), widespread forests of huge plants left massive deposits of carbon that eventually turned to coal. The first amphibians evolved to move out of the water and colonize land, but they had to return to the water to reproduce. Soon ... | D: the carboniferous period. |
What is the term for the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum?
Here are the choices:
A. gravity
B. chroma
C. light
D. electricity | Earth is just a tiny speck in the Universe. Our planet is surrounded by lots of space. Light travels across empty space. Light is the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum . Astronomers use the light and other energy that comes to us to gather information about the Universe. | C: light. |
Which vertebrates were the first with four limbs?
Here are the choices:
A. bony fishes
B. birds
C. reptiles
D. amphibians (or tetrapods) | Amphibians are the first true tetrapods, or vertebrates with four limbs. | D: amphibians (or tetrapods). |
How do plants support themselves above the ground to get light and oxygen?
Here are the choices:
A. symbiosis
B. stiff stems
C. flaccid stems
D. momentum | Heat and light are forms of energy. Other forms are chemical and electrical energy. Energy can’t be created or destroyed. It can change form. For example, a piece of wood has chemical energy stored in its molecules. When the wood burns, the chemical energy changes to heat and light energy. | B: stiff stems. |
What process starts with glucose and ends with two pyruvate molecules, a total of four atp molecules and two molecules of nadh?
Here are the choices:
A. photosynthesis
B. glycolysis
C. secretion
D. absorption | Outcomes of Glycolysis Glycolysis starts with glucose and ends with two pyruvate molecules, a total of four ATP molecules and two molecules of NADH. Two ATP molecules were used in the first half of the pathway to prepare the six-carbon ring for cleavage, so the cell has a net gain of two ATP molecules and 2 NADH molecu... | B: glycolysis. |
What paired organs help regulate blood pressure through sodium ion and water retention and loss?
Here are the choices:
A. lungs
B. tissues
C. lymph nodes
D. kidneys | 25.10 The Urinary System and Homeostasis The effects of failure of parts of the urinary system may range from inconvenient (incontinence) to fatal (loss of filtration and many others). The kidneys catalyze the final reaction in the synthesis of active vitamin D that in turn helps regulate Ca++. The kidney hormone EPO s... | D: kidneys. |
What is the age-related disorder that causes the gradual loss of bone density and strength?
Here are the choices:
A. mitosis
B. fibrosis
C. osteoporosis
D. arthritis | Figure 7.22 Osteoporosis Osteoporosis is an age-related disorder that causes the gradual loss of bone density and strength. When the thoracic vertebrae are affected, there can be a gradual collapse of the vertebrae. This results in kyphosis, an excessive curvature of the thoracic region. | C: osteoporosis. |
What are microfilaments made out of?
Here are the choices:
A. two halophilic chains
B. two DNA chains
C. two actin chains
D. two microscopy chains | C: two actin chains. | |
Which bones are the large, curved bones that form the lateral and anterior aspects of the pelvis?
Here are the choices:
A. toe
B. hip
C. cranium
D. foot | Hip Bone The hip bone, or coxal bone, forms the pelvic girdle portion of the pelvis. The paired hip bones are the large, curved bones that form the lateral and anterior aspects of the pelvis. Each adult hip bone is formed by three separate bones that fuse together during the late teenage years. These bony components ar... | B: hip. |
What bifurcates into the right and left bronchi in the lungs?
Here are the choices:
A. aorta
B. neck
C. cornea
D. trachea | Figure 39.9 The trachea bifurcates into the right and left bronchi in the lungs. The right lung is made of three lobes and is larger. To accommodate the heart, the left lung is smaller and has only two lobes. | D: trachea. |
What is the spreading of white light into its full spectrum of wavelengths called?
Here are the choices:
A. condensation
B. dispersion
C. radiate
D. saturation | 25.5 Dispersion: The Rainbow and Prisms • The spreading of white light into its full spectrum of wavelengths is called dispersion. • Rainbows are produced by a combination of refraction and reflection and involve the dispersion of sunlight into a continuous distribution of colors. • Dispersion produces beautiful rainbo... | B: dispersion. |
What type of fertilization usually occurs in aquatic environments where both eggs and sperm are released into the water?
Here are the choices:
A. external
B. static
C. material
D. Internal | External Fertilization External fertilization usually occurs in aquatic environments where both eggs and sperm are released into the water. After the sperm reaches the egg, fertilization takes place. Most external fertilization happens during the process of spawning where one or several females release their eggs and t... | A: external. |
What is the energy of motion called?
Here are the choices:
A. stasis
B. kinetic energy
C. harmonic energy
D. inertia | According to the kinetic theory, particles of matter are in constant motion. The energy of motion is called kinetic energy. | B: kinetic energy. |
Overharvesting is especially challenging for species with what type of habitat?
Here are the choices:
A. allowed
B. classified
C. restricted
D. tundra | C: restricted. | |
What is a representation of the valence electrons of an atom that uses dots around the symbol of the element?
Here are the choices:
A. right structure
B. watson structure
C. time structure
D. lewis structure | In almost all cases, chemical bonds are formed by interactions of valence electrons in atoms. To facilitate our understanding of how valence electrons interact, a simple way of representing those valence electrons would be useful. A Lewis electron dot diagram (or electron dot diagram or a Lewis diagram or a Lewis struc... | D: lewis structure. |
Massive quanta, like electrons, also act like macroscopic particles—something we expect, because they are the smallest what?
Here are the choices:
A. units of matter
B. battalions of matter
C. depth of matter
D. regiments of matter | 29.4 Photon Momentum Measuring Photon Momentum The quantum of EM radiation we call a photon has properties analogous to those of particles we can see, such as grains of sand. A photon interacts as a unit in collisions or when absorbed, rather than as an extensive wave. Massive quanta, like electrons, also act like macr... | A: units of matter. |
The simplest example of what type of 'organ system' is the gastrovascular cavity found in organisms with only one opening for the process?
Here are the choices:
A. nervous
B. digestive
C. cardiovascular
D. respiratory | Invertebrate Digestive Systems Animals have evolved different types of digestive systems to aid in the digestion of the different foods they consume. The simplest example is that of a gastrovascular cavity and is found in organisms with only one opening for digestion. Platyhelminthes (flatworms), Ctenophora (comb jelli... | B: digestive. |
Photographs of the heat emitted by an object are called what?
Here are the choices:
A. radio images
B. cosmic images
C. thermal images
D. variable images | C: thermal images. | |
Graphite is a form of elemental carbon what is another form?
Here are the choices:
A. magnite
B. iron
C. carbonite
D. diamond | Graphite and diamond are two forms of elemental carbon. Write the equilibrium equation between these two forms in two different ways. | D: diamond. |
If everything else stays the same in a system with a gas in it, and the gas gets warmer, what will happen to its pressure, generally?
Here are the choices:
A. it stays the same
B. it increases
C. it drops
D. it's eliminated | Why does the pressure of a gas increase as it gets warmer? Particles of a gas are constantly moving and bumping into things. The force of the collisions is measured by pressure. Pressure is the amount of force exerted on a given area, such as pounds of force per square inch. When gas particles heat up and gain energy, ... | B: it increases. |
What term means a failure, insufficiency, or delay in the response of the immune system, which may be acquired or inherited?
Here are the choices:
A. vitamin deficiency
B. immunodeficiency
C. pathogenic
D. anemia | Immunodeficiency Immunodeficiency is a failure, insufficiency, or delay in the response of the immune system, which may be acquired or inherited. Immunodeficiency can allow pathogens or tumor cells to gain a foothold and replicate or proliferate to high enough levels so that the immune system becomes overwhelmed. Immun... | B: immunodeficiency. |
The mature pollen grain is composed of two cells: the pollen tube cell and which other cell?
Here are the choices:
A. glial cell
B. generative cell
C. photosynthesis cell
D. ova | Figure 32.7 Pollen develops from the microspore mother cells. The mature pollen grain is composed of two cells: the pollen tube cell and the generative cell, which is inside the tube cell. The pollen grain has two coverings: an inner layer (intine) and an outer layer (exine). The inset scanning electron micrograph show... | B: generative cell. |
The neck of the uterus, called the cervix, opens into what?
Here are the choices:
A. bladder
B. vagina
C. retina
D. testicle | B: vagina. | |
Where does the small intestine begin?
Here are the choices:
A. mouth
B. colon
C. stomach
D. spleen | The small intestine a is narrow tube that starts at the stomach and ends at the large intestine ( Figure above ). In adults, the small intestine is about 23 feet long. Chemical digestion takes place in the first part of the small intestine. Many enzymes and other chemicals are secreted here. The small intestine is also... | C: stomach. |
What type of shape does a pelvic inlet have?
Here are the choices:
A. cylindrical
B. oval shape
C. cubic
D. conical | Pelvic inlet has a round or oval shape. | B: oval shape. |
Which stage of life is typically easier for learning multiple languages?
Here are the choices:
A. adulthood
B. infancy
C. childhood
D. adolescenc | C: childhood. | |
What is released from the body during ejaculation?
Here are the choices:
A. sperm
B. urine
C. saliva
D. blood | Sperm are released from the body during ejaculation . Ejaculation occurs when muscle contractions propel sperm from the epididymis. The sperm are forced through the ducts and out of the body through the urethra. As sperm travel through the ducts, they mix with fluids from the glands to form semen. Hundreds of millions ... | A: sperm. |
An organism's unique role in the ecosystem is called its what?
Here are the choices:
A. adaptation
B. focus
C. purpose
D. niche | Are you on the basketball team? Are you a cheerleader? Do you play an instrument in the band? Your niche would be your role or place in the school. Organisms also each have their own niche in the ecosystem. Is an organism a producer or a consumer? How does the organism interact with other organisms? Is the organism inv... | D: niche. |
With the exception of water, what accounts for more mass than any other component of living organisms?
Here are the choices:
A. fats
B. hormones
C. proteins
D. nervous tissue | 9.4 | Translation By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Describe the different steps in protein synthesis • Discuss the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis • Describe the genetic code and how the nucleotide sequence determines the amino acid and the protein sequence The synthesis of proteins is one of a... | C: proteins. |
Atoms are combined, separated, or rearranged during what?
Here are the choices:
A. radiation
B. chemical reactions
C. physical reactions
D. spontaneous mutation | In chemical reactions, atoms are combined, separated, or rearranged. | B: chemical reactions. |
How many electrons does lithium have?
Here are the choices:
A. four
B. two
C. seven
D. three | D: three. | |
What is considered the center of the solar system?
Here are the choices:
A. nebulla
B. earth
C. heat
D. sun | Today we know that we have eight planets, five dwarf planets, over 165 moons, and many, many asteroids and other small objects in our solar system. We also know that the Sun is not the center of the universe. But it is the center of the solar system. | D: sun. |
What is the purpose of your body's first line of defense?
Here are the choices:
A. to keep out pathogens
B. reject foreign bodies
C. fight or flight
D. heal wounds | Your body’s first line of defense is like a castle’s moat and walls. It keeps most pathogens out of your body. The first line of defense includes physical, chemical, and biological barriers. | A: to keep out pathogens. |
What functions as a framework that reinforces the shape of the leaf?
Here are the choices:
A. the vascular structure
B. the stylised structure
C. the central structure
D. the normal structure | A: the vascular structure. | |
Like quarks, gluons may be confined to systems having a total color of what?
Here are the choices:
A. red
B. white
C. blue
D. yellow | Gluons ( g ) are the proposed carrier particles for the strong nuclear force, although they are not directly observed. Like quarks, gluons may be confined to systems having a total color of white. Less is known about gluons than the fact that they are the carriers of the weak and certainly of the electromagnetic force.... | B: white. |
The ozone layer protects the earth from what?
Here are the choices:
A. light waves
B. uv radiation
C. radio waves
D. pollution | Plants maintain the atmosphere. They produce oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. Oxygen is essential for cellular respiration for all aerobic organisms. It also maintains the ozone layer that helps protect Earth’s life from damaging UV radiation. Removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere reduces... | B: uv radiation. |
What type of learning is based on past experience and reasoning?
Here are the choices:
A. reflect
B. insight
C. theory
D. experiment | Insight learning , which is based on past experience and reasoning, is a hallmark of the human animal. Humans have used insight learning to solve problems ranging from starting a fire to traveling to the moon. It usually involves coming up with new ways to solve problems. Insight learning generally happens quickly. An ... | B: insight. |
What type of energy from a warm cola results in melting when it is transferred to the much colder ice?
Here are the choices:
A. protective energy
B. thermal energy
C. cyclic energy
D. gaseous energy | How do you cool down a glass of room-temperature cola? You probably add ice cubes to it, as in the Figure below . You might think that the ice cools down the cola, but in fact, it works the other way around. The warm cola heats up the ice. Thermal energy from the warm cola is transferred to the much colder ice, causing... | B: thermal energy. |
What is the term for a connection between a neuron and its target cell?
Here are the choices:
A. dendrite
B. impulse
C. synapse
D. axon | Figure 12.27 The Synapse The synapse is a connection between a neuron and its target cell (which is not necessarily a neuron). The presynaptic element is the synaptic end bulb of the axon where Ca2+ enters the bulb to cause vesicle fusion and neurotransmitter release. The neurotransmitter diffuses across the synaptic c... | C: synapse. |
What does the slope of a position-time graph represent?
Here are the choices:
A. trajectory
B. velocity
C. direction
D. acceleration | The slope of a position-time graph represents velocity. The steeper the slope is, the faster the motion is changing. | B: velocity. |
What effect causes an object to appear to have a change of motion?
Here are the choices:
A. centrifugal effect
B. coriolis effect
C. resonant effect
D. momentum effect | Coriolis is an effect rather than a force. Coriolis does not force a motion. An object appears to have a change of motion due to the Coriolis effect. | B: coriolis effect. |
A carcinogen is nything in the environment that can cause what disease?
Here are the choices:
A. cancer
B. diabetes
C. glaucoma
D. alzheimers | Some mutations that lead to cancer may be inherited. However, most of the mutations are caused by environmental factors. Anything in the environment that can cause cancer is called a carcinogen. Common carcinogens include certain chemicals and some types of radiation. | A: cancer. |
What does the blue color of the pulmonary arteries reflect?
Here are the choices:
A. they are done
B. they are deoxygenated
C. they are lost
D. they are oxygenated | Figure 16.12 The arteries of the body, indicated in red, start at the aortic arch and branch to supply the organs and muscles of the body with oxygenated blood. The veins of the body, indicated in blue, return blood to the heart. The pulmonary arteries are blue to reflect the fact that they are deoxygenated, and the pu... | B: they are deoxygenated. |
The trade winds are nearest what?
Here are the choices:
A. boundary plates
B. equator
C. poles
D. inland | The wind belts have names. The Trade Winds are nearest the equator. The next belt is the westerlies. Finally are the polar easterlies. The names are the same in both hemispheres. | B: equator. |
Digestion of polysaccharides and disaccharides in the small intestine produces glucose and other?
Here are the choices:
A. protein
B. monosaccharides
C. fat
D. nitrates | Digestion of polysaccharides and disaccharides in the small intestine produces glucose and other monosaccharides. | B: monosaccharides. |
What is the term for the smallest blood vessels?
Here are the choices:
A. arteries
B. muscles
C. capillaries
D. Aortas | Capillaries are the smallest type of blood vessels. They connect the smallest arteries (arterioles) and veins (venules). Exchange of substances between cells and the blood takes place across the walls of capillaries, which may be only one cell thick. | C: capillaries. |
In what type of body of water is most of the earth's water located?
Here are the choices:
A. streams
B. oceans
C. seas
D. rivers | Most of Earth’s water is salt water in the oceans. As seen below, only 3 percent of Earth’s water is fresh ( Figure below ). Freshwater is water that contains little or no dissolved salt. Most freshwater is frozen in ice caps and glaciers. Glaciers cover the peaks of some tall mountains. For example, the Cascades Mount... | B: oceans. |
What is one problem with current methods of aluminum production?
Here are the choices:
A. recycling is cheap
B. environmental contaminants
C. food shortages
D. competition | One problem with current methods of aluminum production is the generation of environmental contaminants. Hydrogen fluoride gas is an extremely corrosive and toxic byproduct that must be trapped and neutralized. Other fluorides and metals contaminants can also pollute water, soil, and air if not carefully managed. | B: environmental contaminants. |
What makes the earth habitable for humans?
Here are the choices:
A. carbonate of water
B. availability of water
C. aridity of water
D. abundance of water | D: abundance of water. | |
Which kind of flowers carry both male and female floral organs?
Here are the choices:
A. creating flowers
B. Upward Flowers
C. perfect flowers
D. stunning flowers | Figure 14.25 This image depicts the structure of a perfect and complete flower. Perfect flowers carry both male and female floral organs. (credit: modification of work by Mariana Ruiz Villareal). | C: perfect flowers. |
Historically, certain bacteriophages have also been used as cloning vectors for making what?
Here are the choices:
A. ultraviolet libraries
B. specific libraries
C. diverse libraries
D. genomic libraries | D: genomic libraries. | |
An allele is an alternative form of what structure?
Here are the choices:
A. enzyme
B. protein
C. amino acid
D. gene | You have learned that an allele is an alternative form of a gene. Most, if not all genes have alternative forms causing the resulting protein to function slightly differently. But are there alleles that cause proteins to function dramatically differently or not function at all? A mutation is a change in the DNA or RNA ... | D: gene. |
All photosynthetic organisms contain a pigment called what?
Here are the choices:
A. chlorophyll
B. sodium
C. Fiber
D. carbonate | Understanding Pigments Different kinds of pigments exist, and each absorbs only certain wavelengths (colors) of visible light. Pigments reflect the color of the wavelengths that they cannot absorb. All photosynthetic organisms contain a pigment called chlorophyll a, which humans see as the common green color associated... | A: chlorophyll. |
Mammals may either be herbivores, omnivores or what else?
Here are the choices:
A. polyvores
B. carnivores
C. herbivores
D. neither | Mammals may be herbivores, carnivores, or omnivores. They have four types of teeth, so they can eat a wide range of foods. | C: herbivores. |
What phenomenon sometimes causes harmful alleles to become fixed?
Here are the choices:
A. genetic drift
B. competition
C. spontaneous mutation
D. natural selection | A: genetic drift. | |
How do you determine the atomic weight of an element?
Here are the choices:
A. add up protons and neutrons
B. subtract protons from electrons
C. divide protons and neutrons
D. multiply protons and neutrons | The atomic weight of an element is a weighted average of its isotopes. | A: add up protons and neutrons. |
Sodium and chlorine combine to make what?
Here are the choices:
A. salt
B. gold
C. iron
D. seawater | Sodium is a highly reactive metal, and chlorine is a poisonous gas (see Figure below ). The compound they synthesize has very different properties. It is table salt, which is neither reactive nor poisonous. In fact, salt is a necessary component of the human diet. | A: salt. |
What can bacterial stis be cured with?
Here are the choices:
A. antibiotics
B. antiviral drugs
C. pesticides
D. antioxidants | Most STIs are caused by bacteria or viruses. Several of them are described below. Bacterial STIs can be cured with antibiotics. Viral STIs cannot be cured. Once you are infected with a viral STI, you are likely to be infected for life. | A: antibiotics. |
What do bees do for flowering plants?
Here are the choices:
A. feed
B. pollinate
C. eat
D. create | Thomas Quine (Flickr:quinet). Bees are important pollinators of flowering plants . CC BY 2.0. | B: pollinate. |
Where do streams often start?
Here are the choices:
A. plains
B. valleys
C. mountains
D. oceans | Streams often start in mountains, where the land is very steep. You can see an example in Figure below . A mountain stream flows very quickly because of the steep slope. This causes a lot of erosion and very little deposition. The rapidly falling water digs down into the stream bed and makes it deeper. It carves a narr... | C: mountains. |
Deletions remove one or more what from the dna?
Here are the choices:
A. exons
B. codons
C. nucleotides
D. genes | Similar to chromosomal alteration mutations, deletion or insertion mutations add or remove genetic information. Small deletions or insertions in the DNA will alter the reading frame. Deletions remove one or more nucleotides from the DNA, whereas insertions add one or more nucleotides into the DNA. These mutations in th... | C: nucleotides. |
For geneticists, the findings of what massive undertaking are significant in determining disease-causing alleles?
Here are the choices:
A. human organisms project
B. Visible Human Project
C. human genome project
D. human produce project | Understanding and curing genetic diseases is the ultimate goal of human geneticists. As discussed in the Human Genetics: Diagnosis and Treatment (Advanced) concept, gene therapy is the insertion of a new gene into an individual’s cells and tissues to treat a disease, replacing a mutant disease-causing allele with a nor... | C: human genome project. |
Does deforestation increase or decrease carbon dioxide levels around the world?
Here are the choices:
A. increase
B. accelerate
C. decrease
D. eliminate | Jami Dwyer. Deforestation creates significant increases in carbon dioxide levels around the world . Public Domain. | A: increase. |
Which material used in oxyacetylene torches helps cut and weld metals?
Here are the choices:
A. acetylene
B. sulfur
C. dioxide
D. carbon | Note Acetylene is used in oxyacetylene torches for cutting and welding metals. The flame from such a torch can be very hot. Most acetylene, however, is converted to chemical intermediates that are used to make vinyl and acrylic plastics, fibers, resins, and a variety of other products. | A: acetylene. |
Peroxisomes perform a couple of different functions, including lipid metabolism and chemical detoxification. in contrast to the digestive enzymes found in lysosomes, the enzymes within peroxisomes serve to transfer hydrogen atoms from various molecules to oxygen, producing what?
Here are the choices:
A. water
B. hydrog... | Peroxisomes Like lysosomes, a peroxisome is a membrane-bound cellular organelle that contains mostly enzymes (Figure 3.17). Peroxisomes perform a couple of different functions, including lipid metabolism and chemical detoxification. In contrast to the digestive enzymes found in lysosomes, the enzymes within peroxisomes... | C: hydrogen peroxide. |
Ethylene, gibberellins, cytokinins, absciscic acid, and auxins are examples of what?
Here are the choices:
A. animal hormones
B. animal proteins
C. insect hormones
D. plant hormones | Plant hormones include ethylene, gibberellins, cytokinins, absciscic acid, and auxins. | D: plant hormones. |
What are some uses of chlorine gas?
Here are the choices:
A. cleaning, disinfecting and in swimming pools
B. washing hands
C. rooting plant cuttings
D. fueling airplanes | You may be able to avoid some of the health effects of outdoor air pollution by staying indoors on high-pollution days. However, some indoor air is just as polluted as outdoor air. | A: cleaning, disinfecting and in swimming pools. |
Designed to exchange materials, what spongy structure consists of membranes and blood vessels from both mother and embryo?
Here are the choices:
A. endometrium
B. placenta
C. uterus
D. umbilicus | The placenta is a spongy structure. It consists of membranes and blood vessels from both mother and embryo (see Figure below ). The placenta passes oxygen, nutrients, and other useful substances from the mother to the fetus. It also passes carbon dioxide and other wastes from the fetus to the mother. The placenta lets ... | B: placenta. |
Even though tellurium does indeed have a greater average atomic mass than iodine, it is properly placed before iodine in the?
Here are the choices:
A. phases table
B. periodic table
C. theory table
D. cycles table | When ordered by atomic number, the discrepancies within Mendeleev’s table disappeared. Tellurium has an atomic number of 52, while iodine has an atomic number of 53. Even though tellurium does indeed have a greater average atomic mass than iodine, it is properly placed before iodine in the periodic table. Mendeleev and... | B: periodic table. |
In a fullerene, what atoms are bonded to three other atoms in a soccer ball pattern?
Here are the choices:
A. hydrogen
B. oxygen
C. positive
D. carbon | In a fullerene, carbon atoms are bonded to three other atoms in a soccer ball pattern. The bonds are weak, so fullerenes can dissolve and form solutions. | D: carbon. |
What do you call the light particles that travel through the radiative zone?
Here are the choices:
A. photons
B. electrons
C. ions
D. neutrons | The radiative zone is the next layer out. It has a temperature of about 4 million degrees C. Energy from the core travels through the radiative zone. The rate the energy travels is extremely slow. Light particles, called photons, can only travel a few millimeters before they hit another particle. The particles are abso... | A: photons. |
What is a mixture of potassium nitrate, sulfur, and charcoal?
Here are the choices:
A. gunpowder
B. TNT
C. gasoline
D. cyanide | Nitrates, salts of nitric acid, form when metals, oxides, hydroxides, or carbonates react with nitric acid. Most nitrates are soluble in water; indeed, one of the significant uses of nitric acid is to prepare soluble metal nitrates. Nitric acid finds extensive use in the laboratory and in chemical industries as a stron... | A: gunpowder. |
Opportunistic diseases are usually the direct cause of death of people with what disease?
Here are the choices:
A. parkinson
B. heart
C. liver
D. aids | boundary between air masses that is stalled in one place. | D: aids. |
What is the name of an uncharged particle whose weight is nearly equal to that of a proton?
Here are the choices:
A. electron
B. proton
C. a nuclei
D. a neutron | neutron : An uncharged particle with a mass nearly equal to that of the proton. Neutrons can be found in the nucleus of the atom. | D: a neutron. |
The chemical symbol of which ion is written first in ionic compounds?
Here are the choices:
A. positive metal ion
B. last ion
C. good metal ion
D. negative ion | Ionic compounds are compounds in which positive metal ions and negative nonmetal ions are joined by ionic bonds. In these compounds, the chemical symbol for the positive metal ion is written first, followed by the symbol for the negative nonmetal ion. The video at the following URL gives a fuller explanation of ionic c... | A: positive metal ion. |
What is the opposite of rarefaction zones, where air molecules in waves are loosely packed?
Here are the choices:
A. pressure wave
B. measurements zones
C. compression zones
D. molecules zones | Longitudinal waves, like sound waves, have compression and rarefaction zones. The compression zones are where, for example in a sound wave traveling through air, the air molecules are densely packed. The rarefaction zones are areas where the air molecules are loosely packed, like a vacuum zone. Us teachers will often d... | C: compression zones. |
What organs secrete hormones that help maintain homeostasis?
Here are the choices:
A. the digestion organs
B. the gonads
C. the lungs
D. the kidneys | The kidneys also secrete hormones that help maintain homeostasis. For example, they produce a hormone that stimulates bone marrow to produce red blood cells when more are needed. They also secrete a hormone that regulates blood pressure and keeps it in a normal range. | D: the kidneys. |
The nuclear envelope is a double-layered plasma membrane like the cell membrane, although without what?
Here are the choices:
A. nucleic acids
B. cell walls
C. membrane proteins
D. cytoplasm | Amoebozoa The amoebozoans characteristically exhibit pseudopodia that extend like tubes or flat lobes, rather than the hair-like pseudopodia of rhizarian amoeba (Figure 23.26). The Amoebozoa include several groups of unicellular amoeba-like organisms that are free-living or parasites. | C: membrane proteins. |
What is another name for a radioactive isotope?
Here are the choices:
A. xerophyte
B. nono particle
C. radiostope
D. kilocalorie | A radioactive isotope, or radioisotope, has atoms with unstable nuclei. The unstable nuclei naturally decay, or break down, by losing energy and particles of matter to become more stable. If they gain or lose protons as they decay, they become different elements. Over time, as the nuclei continue to decay, less and les... | C: radiostope. |
Dietary proteins are broken down into amino acids during what process?
Here are the choices:
A. filtration
B. photosynthesis
C. digestion
D. accumulation | Proteins in the diet are necessary for life. Dietary proteins are broken down into their component amino acids when food is digested. Cells can then use the components to build new proteins. Humans are able to synthesize all but eight of the twenty common amino acids. These eight amino acids, called essential amino aci... | C: digestion. |
Some gametophytes develop underground and form mycorrhizal associations with what?
Here are the choices:
A. fungi
B. plants
C. protists
D. animals | Lycophytes follow the pattern of alternation of generations seen in the bryophytes, except that the sporophyte is the major stage of the lifecycle. The gametophytes do not depend on the sporophyte for nutrients. Some gametophytes develop underground and form mycorrhizal associations with fungi. In club mosses, the spor... | A: fungi. |
What is the nervous tissue in the brain and in the rest of the nervous system made up of?
Here are the choices:
A. plastic
B. electrons
C. neurons
D. ions | Nervous tissue is made up of neurons , or nerve cells, that carry electrical messages. Nervous tissue makes up the brain and the nerves that connect the brain to all parts of the body. | C: neurons. |
How do planets usually rotate to their orbital planes?
Here are the choices:
A. nearly perpendicular
B. chaotic
C. randomly
D. exactly perpendicular | The axes of rotation of the planets are mostly nearly perpendicular to the orbital plane. | A: nearly perpendicular. |
What are algae that live in colonies of hundreds of cells called?
Here are the choices:
A. euglenids
B. rhodophyta
C. volvox
D. chlorophyta | Some single-celled organisms, such as algae, live in colonies. A colony is an organized structure composed of many cells, like the Volvox sphere in Figure below . Volvox are algae that live in colonies of hundreds of cells. All of the cells in the colony live and work cooperatively. For example, they can coordinate the... | C: volvox. |
Irrigation can waste a lot of what natural resource?
Here are the choices:
A. money
B. fertilizer
C. habitat
D. water | Irrigation can waste a lot of water. The type of irrigation shown in Figure below is the most wasteful. The water is sprayed into the air and then falls to the ground. But much of the water never reaches the crops. Instead, it evaporates in the air or runs off the fields. Irrigation water may cause other problems. The ... | D: water. |
What drives puberty in male humans?
Here are the choices:
A. methane
B. testosterone
C. bloodstream
D. estrogen | Another obvious change that occurs during puberty is rapid growth. This is called the adolescent growth spurt . In boys, it is controlled by testosterone. The rate of growth usually starts to increase relatively early in puberty. At its peak rate, growth in height is about 10 centimeters (almost 4 inches) per year in t... | B: testosterone. |
What is our largest source of energy?
Here are the choices:
A. coal
B. methane
C. wind
D. iron | Coal is our largest source of energy for producing electricity. | A: coal. |
Helium-3 is produced by beta decay of a certain what?
Here are the choices:
A. electron
B. particle
C. nuclide
D. quark | helium-3 is produced by beta decay of a certain nuclide. | C: nuclide. |
What do animals require to grow and develop?
Here are the choices:
A. carbon dioxide
B. sunlight
C. food
D. sucrose | 15.1 | Features of the Animal Kingdom By the end of this section, you will be able to: • List the features that distinguish the animal kingdom from other kingdoms • Explain the processes of animal reproduction and embryonic development • Describe the hierarchy of basic animal classification • Compare and contrast the e... | C: food. |
What term is used to describe the process by which organisms give rise to offspring?
Here are the choices:
A. reproduction
B. osmosis
C. variation
D. photosynthesis | A: reproduction. | |
What are the nonliving matter that living things need called?
Here are the choices:
A. elements
B. acids
C. nutrients
D. fluids | Living things need nonliving matter as well as energy. What do you think matter is used for? One thing is to build bodies. They also need it to carry out the processes of life. Any nonliving matter that living things need is called a nutrient . Carbon and nitrogen are examples of nutrients. Unlike energy, matter is rec... | C: nutrients. |
What term is used to express the measurement of how high land is above sea level?
Here are the choices:
A. elevation
B. latitude
C. knots
D. distance | Elevation measures how high land is above sea level. It gets colder as you go higher above sea level, which is why you see snow-capped mountains. | A: elevation. |
A pulley is a simple machine that consists of a grooved wheel and?
Here are the choices:
A. a lever
B. a wedge
C. a battery
D. a rope | Another simple machine that uses a wheel is the pulley. A pulley is a simple machine that consists of a rope and grooved wheel. The rope fits into the groove in the wheel, and pulling on the rope turns the wheel. Figure below shows two common uses of pulleys. | D: a rope. |
What is another name for a broad explanation that is supported by a great deal of evidence?
Here are the choices:
A. theory
B. conjecture
C. hypothesis
D. concept | A : A theory is needed to explain gravity. In science, a theory is a broad explanation that is supported by a great deal of evidence. | A: theory. |
Vinegar is a solution of which acid?
Here are the choices:
A. boric
B. acetic
C. magnesium
D. crystalline | Figure 14.11 Vinegar is a solution of acetic acid, a weak acid. (credit: modification of work by “HomeSpot HQ”/Flickr). | B: acetic. |
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