question stringlengths 0 2.44k | prompt listlengths 1 1 | ground_truth stringlengths 0 8.31k | category stringclasses 12
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How does "Diplomatic Immunity" work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Diplomats are sent out to negotiate with foreign governments. When you send out someone to negotiate on your behalf you have a need to tell them stuff that the people they negotiate with aren't to know - like for instance the minimum they must get in a deal for it to be acceptable. Since every country has this need to ... | Other |
What is half life, and why is it important? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Imagine you have a billion atoms of, say, Cobalt 60. The half life of Co-60 is 5.27 years. In 5.27 years, half of them will have decayed into something else, so you'll have half a billion atoms. Another 5.27 years later, or a total of 10.54 years after you had the billion, half of the half that was left will also have ... | Chemistry |
I Still Don't Understand What Entropy Is? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This isn't the proper definition, but I find thinking of "entropy" along the same line as "disorder" to be very helpful. The 2nd law of thermodynamics that the entropy of a closed system will increase over time. Let's think about this concretely - imagine your room. You had just spent a lot of energy cleaning it, so th... | Physics |
How do banks basically work? Like how do they return interests and how do they earn a profit? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In the most basic sense, they take the money deposited to them and loan it out to other account holders. Say your savings account earns 1% interest on all the money held there. The bank would then borrow that money, combine it with other account holders’ money, and loan it out to someone for a house mortgage or car loa... | Economics |
Why is weather temperature different with the same amount of sunlight? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Temperature isn't all to do with the amount of sunlight. The intensity of the rays vary by season so a winter day you could have a seemingly bright sunny day, but because the Earth is tilted away we receive fewer solar rays and are thus getting less energy. It also depends on wind direction. If the wind is from the nor... | Earth Science |
Have relationships between organisms that had been established before molecular biology been confirmed with genetics? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Yes. Modern taxonomy is mostly based on molecular biology and genetic similarity, not form and function, and has indeed revealed that many of the original groups weren't descendants of common ancestors after all. Of course, form isn't a *complete* coincidence, so a lot of this took the form of small adjustments moreso ... | Biology |
why you feel so weird when awaking after you faint? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You likely fainted because of insufficient blood flow/pressure to the brain. This means the brain cells were not getting the oxygen and fuel they need, or shedding their wastes. After about 5 minutes of that you start to get brain damage so... not great. When you awoke it was the point where enough brain cells could fu... | Other |
Is it possible to explain and give an example of EBITDA for a 5 year old? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Companies make money ("earnings") by getting paid to do stuff. They also have costs...they have to pay employees, taxes, buy equipment, pay rent, etc. As long as your money in is bigger than your costs, you're making money. But...some of the costs are things you can control and some aren't. You can't control taxes. You... | Economics |
Why does data stop working while calling? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It depends on your carrier. You are most likely using a CDMA carrier such as Sprint and this type of infrastructure does not support being on a call and using data at the same time. CDMA is older technology and basically limits the amount of information that can be sent at any given time. In practice this means you can... | Technology |
Why is having a credit card (and taking micro loans for everyday purchases) at all a good idea? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If you pay off your card in full every month you won't pay any interest. In fact, depending on your card you'll likely get cash back or rewards and save money. Using a credit card shows crediting companies that you have the ability to borrow and pay back funds within your means. This helps your credit so when you go to... | Economics |
How can one companies 5G be “better” than another? Doesn’t 5G refer to the speed/strength of the connection? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It all has to do with "coverage." 5G is a *standard*, agreed upon by industry. The only difference has to do with how close you are to a 5G-capable cell tower (signal strength), which determines just how much you'll be able to do. Anything anyone says apart from that is...marketing drivel. | Technology |
how does “lite salt” work? How can it have 50% leas sodium | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | From the Morton website, the lite salt has potassium chloride subsituted in for sodium chloride (table salt). This reduces the sodium in your diet. Potassium chloride is another kind of salt. It does also has a metallic/bitter flavour compared to table salt, though it is still the most popular sodium chloride substitut... | Chemistry |
Why are ancient ruins typically found buried underneath other developments or under layers of earth? What process causes then to sink or become covered? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The short answer to the first question is, because the stuff that *didn't* get buried didn't survive. So all that remains is stuff that, for one reason or another, ended up underground. The "one reason or another" could be a lot of things. Soil gets deposited in some places just like it gets eroded in other places. Riv... | Physics |
Why do rockets go straight up rather than take off similar to an aeroplanes? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The actual savings to be made from this are tiny. A rocket doesn't use most of its fuel getting off the ground and gaining altitude--most of its fuel is burned in getting up to 17,000mph (orbital velocity) so it doesn't just fall back down as soon as it gets into space. The sheer amount of fuel required to do that is w... | Physics |
Why are most smartphone touchscreens made out of glass instead of plastic? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Even though plastic screens don't crack and cost less, glass screens are more durable in the end. Glass cracks sure, but they don't get scratched as much, which is mostly what happens. Most phones are scratched more often than cracked so it's better in the long run. Think if you had to put your phone in the same pocket... | Technology |
what is a Mandelbrot zoom? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's a graphical representation of a mathematical concept called a "fractal". Fractals are shapes that contain themselves and repeat forever. They're everywhere in nature. A mathematician named Mandelbrot was the first one to describe them, so that's why the video is named that. Because they repeat forever you can zoom... | Physics |
since AIDS is no longer considered a “homosexual disease” why do blood banks still ask if a man has had sexual contact with another man, on the questionnaire? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | While it's not still considered a "homosexual disease" HIV/AIDS is still very prevalent in the homosexual community. Gay and bisexual men make up 70% of all new cases of HIV, despite them being less than 1.7% of the population (assuming 50% of homosexuals and bisexuals are male). This is partly because of behavioral te... | Biology |
Why does the bullet go where the sight of the gun is even tho the barrel is lower than the sight? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You set the sights up so they “zero” at a certain distance. The barrel will be angled very slightly up compared to the sights. Imagine you draw a line straight down the sights and another straight down the barrel - they’ll intersect at some distance away. You set up the sights so the bullet lands on the bullseye at a k... | Physics |
if adrenaline manage to makes us stronger on specific emergencies, why haven't we harvest these effects to try to makes us stronger all the time? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your muscles are strong enough to tear themselves, but usually there’s an unconscious limit placed on them to avoid damage. An adrenaline surge can remove that limit and enable some impressive feats of strength... at massive risk of injury. The stress response also places significant strain on the cardiovascular system... | Biology |
How do movie studios make money from box office sales? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Theaters agree to give a certain percentage of ticket sales back to the studio in exchange for rights to display the movie. Exactly how big a percentage is negotiated when theaters purchase the rights to show movies. Big chains often return a fairly small percent, since they have a lot of negotiating power, while small... | Economics |
Why is it that most people don't like hearing their own voice when recorded? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Bone conduction plays a big role. We hear our own voice both through vibrations in air getting to the ear drum, and by vibration in the jaw getting to the tiny bones of the inner ear. As a result, the version of our voice we hear is a bit deeper and stronger than that heard by those around us, and recordings tend to so... | Other |
How does lightning form ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Think of lighting as a big static shock, same as if you rubbed your feet on a carpet and touched a doorknob. Like your feet on the carpet, the water and ice particles in the cloud rub against each other. This creates charged particles, negative towards the bottom of the cloud and positive towards the top. Once the nega... | Earth Science |
Why people often forget what was their task when moving from one room to another? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It’s referred to as “location amnesia”. Oh wait, have to run back inside for something important (wallet, phone, keys etc.) After that thought, your brain is now processing movement into the other room. Also, as soon as you enter another room, the brain is flooded with the new sensory information of that room. All the ... | Psychology |
Why does wind blow in gusts? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Ok so this is a complex question and it boils down to a lot of different factors are controlling the winds, from convection cells to jet streams, even the fucking moon plays a role in it. High and low pressure especially though, basically the high and low pressure winds are competing and clashing so they are pushed up ... | Earth Science |
How are video cameras and equipment not seen when the film/show features a character looking right at the mirror? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Cameras can be hidden in various ways but the most common method is to film at an angle where it is just out of frame. Obviously if the actor was exactly straight on to their reflection then the camera would need to be right behind their head. Another way is to just have no mirror at all and film through a frame that l... | Other |
How do scalper bots buying electronics get past the “are you a robot” check? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are services that allow you to send captchas to real humans elsewhere and have them do it and send the results back to the bot to put in. Or there are other bots trained to defeat captcha and can be accessed by the scalper bots to fill it out in a fraction of a second (or purposefully longer depending on what the... | Other |
Why are obvious MLM's/pyramid schemes (like herbalife, huns,... ) not illegal in the USA? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The main reason is that they are not pyramid schemes. A pyramid scheme is a scheme where early investors are paid not out of profits from the investment, but from the initiation fees or investments of later members. There is no underlying business model (or, at least, not one capable of sustaining the business) in thes... | Economics |
I've never seen banana seeds. Where do new bananas come from? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The bananas we eat are infertile. They've been selectively bred to have small seeds and over time the seeds basically just disappeared. (Those small specs in the banana are technically seeds) Most bananas are clones. Replanting banana tree trimmings actually let's you grow an entire other tree, although genetically it'... | Biology |
when someone massages you and hits a knot, why do you sometimes feel it in an entirely different spot on your body? Also, why does it feel isolated and not like a connected pain? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your nerves are basically wires that carry signals from your body to your brain. Your brain has no idea where those wires are routed, it's just learned over time that wire "A", say, is connected to the tip of your finger so if you get a signal on A then you "feel it" at your fingertip. But in order to get back to your ... | Biology |
What happens when you “get a second wind”? Such as when your very tired and all of a sudden are feeling great and energized. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > Second wind (or third wind, fourth wind, etc.), also occasionally referred to as the wake maintenance zone, is a sleep phenomenon in which a person, after a prolonged period of staying awake, temporarily ceases to feel drowsy, often making it difficult to fall asleep once it happens.[1][2][3] They are the result of c... | Biology |
Why, on the trading floor of the NY stock exchange, is everyone yelling over each other all the time? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well for starters - the whole thing doesn't exist anymore. It's all computers now. The only place you'd really see something like that anymore is in the options trading markets. Movies are not a good source for this stuff. Everyone is yelling because that is the only way to be heard by the other guy who you are trying ... | Economics |
Why do snowflakes form symmetrically? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They typically don't. Snowflakes are a crystalline formation, and they crystallise along hexagonal patterns. They are roughly symmetrical because at each point when more ice crystals are forming at the edges, they are experiencing approximately the same conditions as at corresponding points of rotational symmetry. Beca... | Chemistry |
How does Newton's Third Law work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When you push on a door with 100N, it pushes back on *you*. The net force applied *to the door* is still 100N so it moves. If the door didn't push back on your hand with an equal force your hand would go through the door So why are you able to push the door? Because you also push back on the ground with more than 100N ... | Physics |
When there are reports of contaminated food, why is it always with E. Coli? Why aren't other organisms more common, and/or why is E.Coli so good at growing on our food? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are plenty of organisms that are more common. It's just that they don't make us sick, so it goes unnoticed and unreported. It's a case of ignorance is bliss.. you really don't want to know what kind of little creepy crawlies are in your uncooked or undercooked food at the microscopic level. | Biology |
How many speakers would you need to sound twice as loud as 1? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This is a surprisingly difficult question to answer because there's multiple ways of describing "loud" If you want to simply double the energy, then two speakers is sufficient. This doesn't double the pressure of the sound wave though, you need four speakers for that. Neither of those are sufficient to make your brain ... | Physics |
why does computer OS take up so much storage when it's just mostly made up of texts of code? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's a lot of text. Like a whole whole lot. The Windows git repo is 300GB. Though to be fair this also contains a lot of old stuff. But this is also compressed. The source code for the linux kernel which is only a small part of a fully functioning OS in 2010 compressed was about 60MB, about 500MB uncompresed and compil... | Technology |
Why is it that when something pushes/pulls on me, I feel acceleration, but I don't feel acceleration from the earth's gravity? I feel a force pushing upward on me, but I don't feel a downward force. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | While there is an argument in general relativity for acceleration due to gravity not existing we can still explain this using classical physics. When you feel acceleration it is because some of your cells gets pushed into other cells. This is essentially what you feel, the difference in pressure as force is applied to ... | Physics |
Why is the English alphabet in the order it is? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well the english got their alphabet from the romans (latin) who were inspired by the greeks, who were inspired by the phonecians (roughly from today's Lebanon) we don't really know how the phonecians got it but they were likely inspired by the alphabets they saw while trading with Egypt and Mezopotamia. It's unlikely t... | Other |
How was weather forecasted and predicted by meteorologists before the invention of radar and satellites? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Using historical data, barometers, horse hair (for humidity), thermometers and hunches. And their predictions were about as accurate as you may guess. Certain weather phenomenon had certain precursors in certain places, but the level of knowledge we have now wasn't even available with radar and satellites -- it took co... | Technology |
Why is it that daily physical labor can ruin your body/health down the line, yet exercising everyday increases your health/longevity? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Exercising everyday can also ruin your body/health down the line, it all depend on what you are doing. One of the problem (but that's not the only one) is that repetitive movement, especially with heavy pressure, can slowly degrade cartilage in your body or your bone. Your joints are especially susceptible to that. Gen... | Biology |
What is calculus? how does it work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The basic principle behind calculus is fairly easy to understand. Imagine painting the walls around a round ship window. It's got that neat brass stuff, and you don't want to paint that so you have masking tape. So how do use straight masking tape on a round window? You use some small strips. You can start with some bi... | Mathematics |
Why do certain animals avoid people, but not moving cars? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You have probably heard the term “fight or flight.” This has been revised a bit to also include “freeze” and sometimes “faint.” What you’re asking about is the freeze in “fight, flight, or freeze.” You actually nailed it on the head! Other things that spark fear in these animals, like people moving or sudden sharp soun... | Biology |
Is there a difference between evaporation and vaporisation? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Evaporation and vaporisation are the same thing. Water can evaporate at lower temperatures because temperature is just the name we give to 'average energy of a substance'. Even though the sea is 16 degrees celsius, some of the molecules of water in it still have enough energy to break free and become a gas. The energy ... | Physics |
How do stars burn for so long? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They are massive. Like enormous, bigger than you can probably actually imagine. According to NASA the sun burns 600 million tons of hydrogen per second. Given its weight of estimated over 10\^30 Kg, it would take around 50 billion years to run out. Now, that is a pretty huge simplification, and in reality, the processe... | Physics |
why does a DSLR take X time to process an X time exposure photo? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | What it's doing is taking a [dark frame]( URL_0 ) Sensors are noisy, and over long amounts of time, the noise adds up over itself. Turns out this noise isn't completely random but develops patterns, because for instance there's circuitry around and behind the sensor. You can see this in the sample picture. The noise de... | Technology |
What is Magic the Gathering? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's a strategic card game, where each player starts with 20 "life", and the goal is to get your opponent down to 0 "life". There are lots of little rules and regulations, I'd recommend (if you want to) to sit down and ask him to teach you :) that's the best way to get a grasp on what the game is and how it works. It's... | Other |
Amazon's Jeff Bezos is now the richest person on Earth because Amazon's stock went up and he owns 80 million shares. How does someone rich from a company's stock actually obtain and spend money? Do they have to sell shares constantly? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The rich don't necessarily have to sell stock to get money. Bill Gates gets hundreds of millions in dividends every year. And founders of other companies that don't pay dividends may not need to sell stock either... One thing that the super rich do that you and I can't is they borrow against their money to finance thei... | Economics |
Why do clear phone cases turn brown overtime? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It depends on the case, but in general, clear plastics are fairly volatile, and the softer the plastic (again, in general) the more volatile they are. This mean that they can be more susceptible to exposure to UV radiation. Depending on the plastic, this can change the color to yellow, brown, grey, or a number of other... | Chemistry |
Why do some statistics count numbers in the millions “in thousands?” | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I'm assuming you're actually talking about visualizations of data, like graphs. If one of the dimensions of your dataset is just a collection of very large numbers (e.g. all the population counts of South American countries) it's easier to just add a footnote "*thousands" so you don't have to write out all digits in th... | Mathematics |
Why are arrest records and mugshots made publicly available before a guilty conviction is determined by the courts? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This may sound strange, but it's actually done that way to protect people from the government. You may have heard of secret police in other countries throughout history 'disappearing' people in the night, or arresting them and keeping them locked up for years without trial. The US strives to avoid this by making arrest... | Other |
What made the cold fusion research by Frieschmann and Poms inaccurate/wrong/lacking of integrity? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Lied, most likely. On first reports most physicists took a look at the heat values reported, the rate of fusion and the number of neutrons. None of them added up. Namely, F & P standing there with a test tube which, if it was putting out the claimed amount of heat, should have quickly killed them with radiation poisoni... | Chemistry |
How come the blue water in Nuclear Power plants is safe to swim in? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Spent fuel pools are used because water is a good insulator of the radiation created by spent fuel rods. It's "safe" to swim in in that you won't pick up more radiation than if you were swimming in normal water or standing in a nuclear plant (assuming you aren't diving deep below the water and touching the spent rods) ... | Chemistry |
How can you communicate using hexadecimals simpler than using the alphabet? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Hexadecimal isn't used in place of the alphabet. It's used instead of binary. Computers are based on two value logic. Everything you do with your computer ultimately boils down to either 'true' or 'false' in some combination. Those boolean values are combined into binary numbers for simplicity. But binary numbers are r... | Technology |
How does insurance work? You pay money overtime just so you don't pay when something actually goes wrong? How does that work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Imagine you, me and 98 other people are farmers. We can each sell our crops each year for 1 dollar. But each year 8 of us will lose our whole crop and make nothing. So we all decide we will pay 10 cents each year into a pot and the farmers that lose the crop get that money, so they are made whole. The remaining 20 cent... | Economics |
if fresh/drinkable water is so scarce, why do we use it to clean and wash our stuff? Couldn't we use something else? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are diminishing returns at some point. Depending on the area and situation, there are some areas that ban things like watering lawns, washing cars etc in order to reduce consumption. But there is a point where the savings incur costs too - unsanitary practices, lack of hygiene lead to disease and other health iss... | Chemistry |
If you divide 100 by 3, you end up with 33.333 repeating, multiply that by 3 and you get 99.999 repeating, where does that 0.000001 go? [NOTE: I only put 0.000001 because i don't really feel like typing out an Infinite amount of 0's] | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > NOTE: I only put 0.000001 because i don't really feel like typing out an Infinite amount of 0's That's actually the root of the problem, though; the number you typed is **not** the quantity you think you're representing. By choosing to terminate the sequence at some arbitrary number of zeros, the number that you end ... | Mathematics |
What happens to insects like bees getting carried away by vehicles? Do they die because they can't find their colony anymore? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Quite possibly, yes, if the insect is a member of a colony, then being whisked away may result in a futile search for home and eventual starvation or death by predation, misadventure, etc. In some specific species, something like an ant might be accepted at a different colony than that of its birth, but in other circum... | Biology |
Crude oil is black, but gasoline is clear. What is the black stuff, and where does it go during the refining process? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Crude oil depending on where in the world it was extracted, is anywhere from a dark brown, to an almost golden color. URL_0 The darker the color, generally the thicker it is, and the more sulfur it has. Light sweet is just that, light in color and apparently tastes sweet. Thicker and sour crude oil has more sulfur and ... | Chemistry |
How can jellyfish exist without vital organs? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Like all non-complex-animal-organisms, they don't need them. They either have simpler systems that take care of the same things our organs do, or a particular need just isn't relevant to them. For example, jellyfish don't need specialized systems to breathe, because their flesh is so thin and absorbent that all of thei... | Biology |
what even are GPUs? are they just floating point processors? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Fundamentally, they're "just" processors, the same as a CPU. However, they're processors that are designed specifically for 3D graphics workloads, rather than general-purpose computing. So what does this mean in practice? One point is that 3D graphics are what's known as an "[embarrassingly parallel]( URL_1 )" problem ... | Technology |
What is the difference between Shell, Bash, Zsh and terminal? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | * shell - a program that provides a command line interface to the operating system, especially with Unix/Linux * sh, csh, ksh, bash, zsh - examples of specific shell programs * terminal - used to mean a keyboard and monitor that could connect to a remote computer...now it usually means a program that runs a shell in a ... | Technology |
Why do you still have to close files in order to move them to a different folder? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This is intentional. The operating system knows which files still have running programs referencing them. Moving a file will invalidate the references. It isn’t enough to “notify” programs holding a reference to they file — a program might not be coded to handle such a notification. Therefore, Windows explicitly return... | Technology |
Why does it take so long to build muscle mass? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So. Muscles are built from proteins, right? At the same time proteins are the most energy consuming nutrients, this means that digesting the proteins takes way more calories than digesting carbs or fat. Also, maximum amount of protein that can be digested is about 2-2.5 grams per kilogram of body weight, you can eat as... | Biology |
Why is running on a treadmill so much easier and less tiring than running outside? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | As far as I understand, the belt turnover of the treadmill contributes greatly to helping you run. The belt is guiding you towards running and as a result, most "serious" runners don't equate their time on a treadmill to be the same as what they would do when running outside. Aside from the ground not being a moving be... | Biology |
How does the constitution apply to non-citizens at the border (if it does)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The Constitution applies to absolutely everything the US government does, so the short answer here is "yes". One thing to note: some rights in the Constitution are offered to "persons" (these cover everyone), and other rights are offered specifically to "citizens" (citizenship is defined in the 14th amendment). Immigra... | Other |
What are the differences between "Sponsors" and "Advertisers," especially when it comes to donations and ad revenue? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Advertisers give money as part of a contract that specifies exactly how much air time they get, how often they get it, what will be aired, and on which channels or stations. They are not deliberately trying to support the channel or station, they are trying to get attention for their product or service. Of course, the ... | Other |
Why can’t we breathe normally after vomiting? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Throat is irritated. Vomit is comprised of what you eat or drink recently alongside gastric acid (the juice inside you that disolve food). When you vomit, some of that acid make its way through your throat that is not coated in a special protection to handle it like your stomach is. Throat get irritated and irritation ... | Biology |
How are programmers able to manipulate electricity to produce images on a screen? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Greatly simplified, each pixel is just a little group of lights that are either red, green, or blue, and can be switched on and off quickly to mimic different brightness levels. When blended together at varying brightness those 3 colors make all the rest of the colors. Put all those pixels together in a grid if vertica... | Technology |
Why are most pencils painted yellow? Why not a different color? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In the 1800s the best graphite came from China. In China the color yellow is associated with royalty and respect, so by painting the pencils yellow it conveyed that they came from China and had that esteemed nature. Of course a lot has changed since then but the norm of the yellow pencil remains. | Economics |
Why does lying down cause shortness of breath? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | First off, you shouldn’t be short of breath by lying down. It’s called orthopnea, and is usually a sign of underlying problems such as heart failure. If you or someone you know is experiencing this issue, and they have not already seen a doctor for it, I would advise that they should even during this time. This will le... | Biology |
Do things have limited scent/odor molecules? If you leave a spoiled piece of fish out does it stop smelling bad eventually? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It’s mainly bacteria which causes the decomposition of food and the volatile compounds are the ones which stink. So when the bacteria has finished feasting on everything it can the odour would stop too. By then it would be hard to describe what’s left as the original fish, more like leftovers. Edit: I also would think ... | Chemistry |
How does a company determine how many shares it will have? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The number of shares * price of shares = valuation of the company. The valuation of the company is tied to how much assets it has and how much profit it can make in the future, companies generally can make a pretty good ballpark guess as to what this number is. But the determining factor in how many shares a company sh... | Economics |
If we see something happen X light years away, did it really happen X years ago? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You had it right. Because of the speed of light, looking at more and more distant object means you are also looking deeper and deeper into the past. The relativity angle you may be referring to is that for an object traveling near light speed, time will slow down as you near the speed of light. So for a photon travelin... | Physics |
WHY are the UK pushing for a ban on porn? Who would possibly benefit from this? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It will "protect the children". That's what the government claims it's about. Really I think it's just about trying to impose their Victorian morals on everyone. To be fair though, there's no talk of an outright porn ban. Not yet anyway. The plans are to apply the same rules to online porn as physical magazines and DVD... | Other |
Why does it feel like the world is rocking after spending a long time out at sea? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | With all your senses, the brain seems to "tune out" whatever stimuli are there for a long time. You can't really feel your socks once you are wearing them, you see [afterimages of the opposite colour]( URL_0 ) if you stare at one colour for a long time, and after being in a room with a certain smell for a while, you ca... | Biology |
Why are we so certain that math is the system by which the universe is understandable? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Math is merely an aid to the human brain -- a way of organizing what we understand. It does not create any new conclusions, but only shows us what must already be true based on logic. And why do we believe the universe operates according to logic? Because experiment after experiment keeps showing us that this is true. ... | Mathematics |
How does CO2 warm the Earth? How is energy directed by CO2 back towards the Earth instead of away? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Carbon dioxide absorb infrared radiation. Everything emits radiation based on its temperature. You may have observed that when things get very hot it starts glowing red and then even hotter it glows orange and then white. But even colder things emit light, it is just in the infrared spectrum where you can not see it. H... | Physics |
What will happen to us if Betelgeuse goes supernova? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Betelgeuse may be one of the closer supergiants but it's still over 600 light years away, so no. Any high energy radiation would lose most of its density by the time it reaches us, and Earth's magnetic field would deflect any energy particles that happen to reach us. However it would be *really* noticeable and would be... | Physics |
Why do Marvel movies (and other heavily CGI- and animation-based films) cost so much to produce? Where do the hundreds of millions of dollars go to, exactly? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I work in film and have a VFX degree and here's how it goes: 1. About half the money, give or take, is for above the line talent. So you have your actors, directors, producers, ect. They get paid in a percentage or in absurdly high amounts for films. These people are also accommodate on set so production has to rent ou... | Other |
Why does water taste different after it's been frozen and then thawed from a freezer? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Two possible reasons. 1. Ice can absorb odors from your freezer (and attached fridge) which will change the taste. 2. If the water is cold when you drink it then your taste buds will be less responsive to the taste of your mouth and your impression of the aftertaste will differ from that of room temperature water. | Chemistry |
how do weed killers like round up decipher between weed roots and plant roots? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Round up doesn't decipher, it kills almost any plant that absorbs enough of it, by inhibiting an enzyme plants need to grow. It doesn't generally kill woody plants, because it's typically sprayed on a large portion of the larger plants sensitive areas. The most popular targeted weed killer targets dicots (plants with t... | Chemistry |
Why should we not brush our teeth after breakfast instead of after waking up? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | My mother is a dentist. She says that it desn't. Matter do you do it after or before breakfast, as long as you do it. The benefit of micromanaging it before or after breakfast are so minimal that it really doesn't matter. Just flush your mouth with water after eating so to get the food out. | Biology |
How come Americans can be fired (or layed off) for little reason and on short notice? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Compared to other countries, it's partly because labor unions have for a very long time had a bad reputation in the U.S. During the Cold War, they were portrayed as Communist sympathizers - consorting with the enemy. Even in modern times, most public examples of unions are things like bad teachers who can't be fired be... | Economics |
Does math exist in nature or is it just a human construct and what about things like music or chess? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This is a big philosophical debate and you won’t get a definitive answer. Math is artificially invented by us but the core ‘truths’ (axioms) we founded them on were decided to be true because they reflect real life. Whether or not the rest of math works because it’s intrinsic to the universe or because we conveniently ... | Mathematics |
Can someone explain what we see in the Beirut explosion? Specifically what the big white puff is, and the darker cloud. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The white puff is caused by the condensation of water vapor in air, like you see in clouds. The cause is that the pressure wave from the explosion causes a rarefaction of the air immediately outside it, that is, outside the shock wave which is rapidly expanding outwards. Rarefaction causes a drop in temperature accordi... | Chemistry |
How is it that Mitch McConnell can refuse to work on legislation passed by the House? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | From a [NYT article]( URL_0 ): > McConnell does not have the power to block a bill from being voted on. No senator does, not even the majority leader. Any senator can propose that a bill receive a vote. And if 51 senators want it to receive a vote, they can ensure that it does. Senate custom, however, has become that s... | Other |
How were Congressional Republicans able to delay and ultimately avoid hearings for Merrick Garland, yet Democrats couldn't do the same for Brett Kavanaugh? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Correct me if I am wrong, but I believe the Republicans, in the past presidential term, held the majority in the Senate at the time when the confirmation vote required a 2/3 majority. The Republicans have also since changed the rules to simply need a majority vote (greater than 50 percent). The filabuster rules have ch... | Other |
Why does a can of shaving cream get colder after you shake it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I've never noticed them getting colder after shaking but pressurised cans usually get colder after you use them because when you let some of the contents out, the mass inside expands to fill the same volume of container. When gas expands it cools down. ...away to shake a can just now | Physics |
what is the purpose of super computers in the oil industry ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Imagine you really really want to know what is in your wrapped Christmas presents, but you only get to shake them and listen to the sound they make. If it was important enough, you might get a computer to help. If it was very very important you might want the biggest and best computer to help. Oil companies desperately... | Mathematics |
How far can your brain process length? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are lots of factors that go into it, but what you're referring to is [depth perception]( URL_0 ). It's a really difficult question to answer because it depends heavily on the situation. For smaller distances it's usually known by having two eyes. But for bigger distances, or even close distances when you close an... | Physics |
Why do large corporations, when losing lawsuits, usually have to pay millions to the winning party? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A few things going on here. First to acknowledge that big companies get sued non-stop, every day, for a million reasons, by all sorts of people, companies and such, some real, some fake, some good cases, some BS. Only an extremely tiny portion of these ever make it court or a judge or jury making a ruling. Basically ev... | Economics |
How do we waste Water? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's more that the water cycle doesn't always put water in places where it is easily accessible or usable by humans. The water exists, but if it goes back to the ocean, it becomes much harder for humans to use. Likewise, it takes a lot of energy to clean and purify water to be drinkable by humans, so allowing that wate... | Earth Science |
How does soap kill bacteria and viruses? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Regular soap doesn't kill bacteria, it just washes them off you. Yarr! Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: If laundry soap isn't antibacterial, what happens to things like salmonella, if you got raw chicken on your clothes? ]( URL_2 ) 1. [ELI5: How does soap actually kill bacteria? ]( ... | Chemistry |
why are people so against automation in factories if it makes things safer and produces more goods? is it just that people are losing jobs? but there are different jobs that open up. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Often there are different jobs, but not the same amount. Picture a factory with 10 workers. They replaces those 10 people with a machine. The new jobs that will open up will be machine maintenance, which is 1, maybe 2 roles? Potentially the machine does so well that it's started to increase the workload. So now the com... | Technology |
How/why do people end up with astronomical health care bills "after insurance" if they have good insurance and an out-of-pocket max? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Insurance companies can bypass that max by claiming that the procedure is "not in network" or can decline coverage at their whim. It's all a scam to keep the money in their coffers. It's why we need to join the rest of the civilized world and have a centralized medical plan. Cut out the insurance middlemen altogether. | Other |
Why does everyone seem to think that drinks in glass (cups/bottles) are better than drinks in plastic cups and bottles? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Glass is generally chemically inert, which is why labs use glassware and not plasticware. Some plastics can leach chemicals into the contents. Not all, but since most people don't know which ones are safe for what purpose we rely on manufacturers to choose wisely. That puts your health in the hands of people who's only... | Chemistry |
What do people mean when they blame the "older generation" for ruining housing and the economy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In general, the baby boomer generation went to college, got married, bought houses and retired from companies they had worked for for many years. Millennials, on the other hand, generally haven't got the earning power to do that. They often graduate college in debt or skip college entirely, generally don't have long-te... | Economics |
how does a CPU work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | CPUs can be sort of likened to digital and ridiculously tiny versions of relay logic. Inside is pretty much millions and millions of switches, and everything a computer does is boiled down to mathematics that can be run through these switches, using binary (0s and 1s, off and on). For example, let's add 1 + 2. 1 for th... | Technology |
Is the fastest sperm to reach and fertilise the egg necessarily the fittest or healthiest? If not, what usually determines its success? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Mostly luck. It's not necessary fittest or healthiest of all, because most sperm cells aren't lucky by definition of luck. A group of sperm cells will move together and many of them should die out just to make path to their target easier for other cells. But to fertilize the egg, they should be healthy enough and to co... | Biology |
How can companies operate for years with negative incomes of billions of dollars? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Capital contributions and loans! Basically, almost any business won't be able to be profitable right from the start, it has to buy and build before it can sell, etc. The first way it gets money is from people who exchange money for shares. If there are future profits, the shareholders get a percentage. Beyond that, the... | Economics |
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