question stringlengths 0 2.44k | prompt listlengths 1 1 | ground_truth stringlengths 0 8.31k | category stringclasses 12
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Why is it against the law to make false statements to the FBI but not against the law to lie to other law enforcement agencies in the US? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Cop here: The FBI is federal law enforcement that operates under different rules than state or local law enforcement. In my state, lying to a police officer can be considered a crime under certain conditions, like giving a fake name. In my state it's the same as resisting arrest, which is a catch-all charge for obstruc... | Other |
. How do those russian house keys work that look like a battery? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's a RFID tag. The key has an identifying number in it that it broadcasts at a very short range every time a receiver (that is actually the transmitter of the radio signal, but let's not complicate this) gets near it. If the lock can find the identifying number in a list of allowed tags, it unlocks the door. Well. In... | Technology |
Why are precious metals (gold and silver) predicted to still be of value in the event of society's collapse? Why wouldn't something of more practical value be the de facto currency? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In the event that society was to collapse people would likely do exactly what the worlds first civilizations did for currency, find something rare but not too rare as to be impratical, durable so it won't breat down overtime. And preferably shiny ((no idea why on that last part) and gold and silver are some of the two ... | Economics |
what is the process used to make powdered eggs? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Spray drying is the name of the [process]( URL_0 ) Basically, you splay the liquid (mixed egg in this case) into a fine mist. the mist enters a very hot chamber, causing the moisture to evaporate very quickly, but it doesn't stay long enough to actually cook the material you want to dry. this powder/gas mixture is push... | Chemistry |
How can the spin of an electron be measured? Is this measurement 100% reliable? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The [Stern-Gerlach experiment of 1922]( URL_0 ) - charged silver atoms sent through a magnetic field - is enough to measure the spin. The Stern–Gerlach experiment showed that the spatial orientation of angular momentum is quantized. No scientific measurement is 100% reliable, that's not the expectation. The spin on an ... | Physics |
. Is there really a difference in gas at gas stations? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The gas as delivered to the gas stations, not so much. They all pretty much buy the bulk gasoline from the same distributors. Any truckload of 87 octane is pretty much the same as any other truckload of 87 octane. Same for 91 octane. There are some small differences in the type and quantity of detergent additives that ... | Chemistry |
Why do cherry tomatoes get nuclear hot inside when you cook them? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Essentially. Water is very good at picking up heat and very good at transferring that heat elsewhere. This means that if you dump hot water in your mouth, it will do a lot of damage very quickly. Cherry tomatoes are mostly water on the inside, so you're essentially creating a little balloon of hot water, then bursting ... | Biology |
How are the calories in food determined? How do they know there is "X" amount of calories in "X" food? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are tables for calories per weight of the individual ingredients.. How those tables were created you ask? By burning those ingredients and measure the heat they produced. A calorie is the amount of energy required to raise 1g of water 1 degree celcius. 100 calories can either raise one litter of water by 0.1c or ... | Other |
When snow is on the ground, why do only a few dots of snow reflect? Why isnt it a sheet of reflective light? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Snow is crystalin in shape. Only those crystals that are in the correct position to reflect the light back to your eyes, shine. Imagine a 1000 randomly scattered mirrors and 1 bright light, you will only see the light in the mirrors that are angles correctly to reflect the light back to your eyes. | Chemistry |
Why are balloons so loud when they pop? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Sound is just a wave of pressure through the air. Our ear machinery is amazing, and we can detect even a very very small pressure disturbance traveling through the air. Suffice to say that the pressure inside of a balloon is quite a bit greater than the ambient air pressure, and so when that pressure is released there ... | Physics |
How do scientists know what body functions individual vitamins and minerals affect? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A lot of times we figure out what a particular material does by looking at what happens to people who don't get have enough of them. We notice a lot of people who have a particular medical issue and we measure the stuff in their blood and notice that some of it is lower than what we typically see in healthy people. We ... | Biology |
Why is ice slippery but glass isn't? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Most things get smaller when they get colder- it's a principle called "thermal contraction." Most things get bigger when they get hotter- "thermal expansion." Solids are denser than liquids. Water is weird in that it doesn't work this way. When water becomes ice, it actually because slightly larger because of its molec... | Chemistry |
Why are American children not taught anything about finances, stocks, or money management in grade/middle/high school? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Some of these factors change, regularly. Spending a lot of time talking about the specific products used to finance a retirement, is going to go over the head of many of the students, and by the time they reach an age where they will actually start making plans the products available may have changed. Some concepts suc... | Economics |
How does the golden ratio follow the fibonacci sequence? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Take two successive numbers of Fibonacci sequence, 13 and 21 for example. 21/13 will be close to golden ratio. Kepler proved that limit of ratio of two infinitely large successive Fibonacci numbers is golden ratio, or lim{n - > inf} F{n+1}/Fn = phi. EDIT: More general form, as wikipedia says, is lim{n - > inf} F{n+a}/F... | Mathematics |
How do unions work? How did they get in power and give us rights? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The power comes from the power of the strike. If one employee gets fed up and threatens to walk out, so what? He will be replaced. But, if the entire crew walks out, it shuts down the operation. If all the employees in other operations within the company join in solidarity with their union brothers and also walk off th... | Economics |
Why is there "LINT" in our belly button by the end of the day? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > [**Georg Steinhauser**]( URL_2 ) of the Vienna University of Technology is primarily an atomic chemist. However, in 2009, he published the results of four years of research on belly button lint (or as the Brits charmingly call it, "navel fluff") in the journal [***Medical Hypotheses***]( URL_0 ). > > By studying a to... | Biology |
What happens to an NGO once whatever they are helping with is "done"? What is their incentive to actually contribute to ending poverty/hunger/war etc. from a "capitalist" point of view? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Anecdote: There is a lot of federal money available for anti-tobacco lobbying. I worked for a politician with a large amount of oversight in health related issues. My state was the first to raise the smoking age to 21. Great success for the Coalition for a Tobacco Free State! Once they had that though, they kept trying... | Economics |
Regarding PEMDAS in math, why do we do the MD before the AS instead of just solving it left to right? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Math is like a language with specific words and grammar rules. If you are trying to say something in English but don't follow the rules right, then you get some gobbledygook that the person you're speaking to won't understand. That's why the order of operations exists - to make sure everyone can "communicate" clearly (... | Mathematics |
How can US arrest, have extradited and jail a non US national for breaching sanctions that the US has imposed against another nation? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | On paper, the initial arrest is for defrauding companies. That fraud being putting money into a shell company that in turn did illegal business with Iran. As some of the investors are US corporations that were lied to by Meng, the case for fraud against her by the US Justice Department is sound. They waited until she w... | Other |
What Radiation does and why is it so dangerous? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The radioactive material tends to hang around in the environment. In the air, in the soil, the water, which then gets ingested by plants and animals. These rarioactibe material emit ionising radiation when they decay. Specifically, the danger of radiation is that it ionises atoms (i.e. removes electrons from atoms). If... | Physics |
How do you tell if something is an actual ROCK and not something made by man? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There's no single answer to this because it really depends what specific example we're talking about. The most common material we see misidentified as rocks on /r/geology is slag, which is relatively straightforward to identify if you know what you're looking for and it looks fairly distinct from rocks you will natural... | Chemistry |
Why can't Medicare negotiate drug prices? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | That's easy. Medicare provides a lot of funding for drugs, meaning it has massive leverage to negotiate lower prices which it could pass on to make healthcare more affordable. However this would also eat into profits for pharmaceutical companies. These companies have lobbyists which buy your elected representatives nic... | Other |
How do defamation lawsuits work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It depends on the jurisdiction. In the US to prove defamation you must prove that someone knowingly and maliciously made false statements of fact about you, and that those statements caused you specific damages. If you can prove that the judge hearing your case will render a judgement in which the defendant (who did th... | Other |
Why does oil/water soaked paper tend to be translucent? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Without getting too chemical/physical, the light bounces off of the rough edges of the dry paper and reflects back to your eyes. When it’s soaked in a liquid, the light travels through more uniformly and doesn’t bounce back as much, so you can kinda see through the paper. It’s the same reason ice is more transparent in... | Chemistry |
If every element has a known melting point, why do compounds/collections of elements (e.g. wood) simply burn instead of going through the aforesaid process? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Simply sticking something in a fire doesn’t mean that it will melt. Wood for instances is mostly carbon which has a very high melting point. Your average campfire doesn’t get anywhere hot enough to melt the carbon but it does burn the wood which separates the carbon from other elements that made up the tree | Chemistry |
How does the new version of Google Earth create 3D images of places? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's done using photogrammetry. An aircraft flies over the area to be mapped and takes lots of photographs from different angles. Then software processes the images and to identify points that appear in more than one image. From this, the 3D position of those points can be reconstructed. The result is a large number of... | Technology |
Why do people trade options as opposed to just buying the stock (if they think it will go up)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are a whole bunch of strategies for buying and selling options, but in the case you're describing the main reason is leverage. Imagine Apple stock was trading at $400/share and you think it's worth $450. You could buy 100 shares for $40,000 and wait for it to go up, then sell and collect $5,000 profit. But if you... | Economics |
What are integrals in math? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When you're driving along yhe highway, coasting at 50 mph for two hours, you know you've driven 100 miles: 2\*50=100. And that's great, but what if you have to slow down or stop a bunch of times. Well, you could say "from that tume to that time, I went at that speed, and from then to then at another". Do the same, and ... | Mathematics |
How do fuels give off more CO2 than they weigh themselves? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because oxygen also weighs a lot. It actually weighs more than carbon. and when you burn fuels, you are taking the carbon in those fuels and combining them with oxygen. So you end up with a lot more carbon dioxide than you had in fuel to begin with. It is nowhere near as extreme as one gallon of gas producing tons of c... | Chemistry |
What exactly is a “second wind”? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Scientifically, we're not exactly sure why it happens but we have a general idea of how. The prevailing theory is it's the result of the brain recognizing peak physiological demand and dumping huge amounts of endorphins into the blood to enable us to continue exerting our muscles past the limit of endurance. Endorphins... | Other |
why does music or a siren that is moving change pitch to somebody that is stationary? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Doppler effect Wikipedia: > When the source of the waves is moving towards the observer, each successive wave crest is emitted from a position closer to the observer than the previous wave. Therefore, each wave takes slightly less time to reach the observer than the previous wave. Hence, the time between the arrival of... | Physics |
Why does the Moon cause high tides on the side of the Earth opposite of it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Imagine you're participating in the hammer throw at the Olympics, you're swinging the ball around but the centre of rotation is somewhere between you and the ball, meaning you are also being flung outwards in the opposite direction. Replace yourself with earth and the hammer with the moon and you've got roughly the sam... | Physics |
Why is it that when you glide your hand perpendicularly on a sharp blade, you don't get cut? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Blades work by concentrating an applied force to a tiny surface area. When you cut with a knife, the concentrated force applies a significant pressure where the blade meets the thing you're cutting. This breaks the bonds holding that material together. A sharp blade is simply one that has a narrower edge, thus transfer... | Physics |
How does a nuclear reactor work, and what makes it different than a bomb? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Nuclear bombs split atoms in a self sustaining runaway chain reaction that creates an insane amount of heat instantaneously - thus a big boom. Nuclear reactors control the splitting of atoms very precisely which generates smaller amounts of heat energy that is captured via steam, thus turning a turbine and making elect... | Physics |
What do researchers test for, or observe when they identify intelligence in other animals? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | As a general rule, they look for behaviour that cannot in and of itself be attributed to a mindless behaviour or instinct, or one that demonstrates a capacity to perform a complex task. A good example of this is the mirror test. In this task the animal is knocked out, and a visual marker, like for example a sticker or ... | Biology |
What is an "outgoing introvert" and how does it differ from a regular introvert? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Basically, being an introvert describes how your energy level and ability to recharge changes when experiencing social interactions. Introverts are drained by social interaction and need alone time to recharge. But this is different than being shy. Shyness is how you confront the social interaction. Outgoing or shy has... | Other |
Why is a “cup” of coffee 6 oz, but every other liquid is 8 oz? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Probably has to do with serving sizes. A “cup” of coffee is 6 fl oz Bc that’s about the volume a person normally drinks as a “cup” of coffee. It’s not really a standard measurement. I also bet that coffee and hot cocoa brands put “6 fl oz” as their serving sizes because then they can make it look like it has less sugar... | Mathematics |
Why can't we feel our stomachs digesting food? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because it would be both distracting and not useful in any way. The distraction would impede all other aspects of life. So people who didn't feel themselves digesting would have been more successful in general and therefore reproduced more effectively, and so evolutionary pressure would select for that. As for the phys... | Biology |
You're not supposed to defrost meats in warm water due to harmful bacteria growth, you're not supposed to leave food at room temperature for long without being refrigerated because of harmful growth but, when you go to a buffet, food can sit out for hours under heat lamps and be fine? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There's a concept in food safety called the "danger zone". It extends from about 40 F / 5 C to about 140 F / 60 C. You can keep food below the lower end of that range, or above the upper end, for a while without it going bad. The reason is that this is approximately the range of temperatures that the bacteria that caus... | Biology |
Why is grass usually cool even when it's super hot outside? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Grass requires a sizable amount of water to remain green and healthy through hot days. For example, the 123 golf courses in the Palm Springs area in Southern California use 25% of the region's water supply: URL_0 Water can hold a lot of thermal energy. Watering the grass and soil acts as a heat sink, making it hard to ... | Biology |
What is gunpowder and how does it work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It contains fuel (carbon), an oxygen source (saltpeter- the natural form of potassium nitrate), and sulphur which is an accelerator (make the burn faster) Mixed together in the correct proportions and then add an ignition source (heat or flame) and WHOOSH! I used to be a pyrotechnition years ago and used to make my own... | Chemistry |
I heard that recycling plants use magnets to sort aluminium from the rest of the rubbish. How, when aluminium isn't magnetic, does this work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They use alternating current to magnetize the sorting magnet. If you use permanent magnet then aluminium will not be attracted to it, but if you put aluminium in magnetic field that constantly changes direction this magnetic field will generate electric curent inside the aluminium. When electric curent flows trough met... | Technology |
On long drives when you realize you were completely zoned out from point A to B, are we aware of what's going even though you're zone out ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This is known as [highway hypnosis]( URL_0 ). Let's say you have a journal where you write down important events. One of the days, you didn't write down anything for a lunch period because nothing major happened. Without that entry, you can't remember what you ate but you don't feel hungry. You obviously didn't choke o... | Other |
How can one infinity be "larger" than another if they're both infinite? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Mathematicians say that a set has equal size to another set when you can pair each element of one set with one element of the other set and vice versa. For example the sets {1,2,3} and {4,5,6} have equal size because one can pair 1 < --- > 4 2 < --- > 5 3 < --- > 6. Similarly the natural numbers {0,1,2,3,4,...} and the... | Mathematics |
why nuclear waste can't be destroyed and if it lasts for 100s of thousands of years won't it just keep building up for a very long time? What do with it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The first thing it's important to do is distinguish between High-Level Waste and Low-Level Waste. High-level waste is what most people think of when they hear "nuclear waste." It's the stuff that's not safe to be around like spent fuel, decommissioned reactors, medical and technical imaging sources, and nuclear weapon ... | Physics |
how do extra mathematical dimensions work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Mathematical dimensions do not need to relate to physical ones, and physical ones do not need to relate to spacetime. It's really a mathematical way to look at things. Let's say you have thing moving around. It has a position (x, y, z), a velocity, a mass that may change over time, and so on. Every one of those compone... | Mathematics |
Is it a coincidence that words such as 'destroy', 'demolish', 'devastate', 'decimate' all begin with 'de'? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | No. English is really a mash of older languages. One of the things we got from latin and greek is words that a really combinations of other words. (Think dinosaur meaning terrible lizard) De- means to remove or reduce. I think the only one that's a coincidence is decimate. Which comes from dec which means 10. To decima... | Other |
How come soda tastes so much better when in a glass bottle instead of a can? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | [Serious Eats]( URL_0 ) did a cool mini-study on this... indirectly. They were comparing mexican coke (which many people say is better than American coke, because mexican coke has real sugar) to American coke. Well mexican coke comes in a bottle, and you can read the story, but turns out that some people just prefer th... | Chemistry |
When stuck in vehicles, do flies need to fly at the speed of the vehicle when travelling? If not, why? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Would a fish in a fishbowl have to swim to keep up with the car? No, because he’s contained within the water, which is moving at the same speed as the car. Flies are inside the space (in their case, air) that is contained within the car. Think of the interior of the car as one big fish bowl, filled with air instead of ... | Physics |
What is syndicalism? I tried to look it up but couldn’t find anything. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | *a movement for transferring the ownership and control of the means of production and distribution to workers' unions. Influenced by Proudhon and by the French social philosopher Georges Sorel (1847–1922), syndicalism developed in French labor unions during the late 19th century and was at its most vigorous between 190... | Economics |
Why do humans kiss? Like why is it that specific body part? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are a lot of nerve endings on your lips to protect you from hurting yourself while you eat, so in the right context it can feel good. It's likely a learnt behaviour originating from when parents would pre-chew food for their babies and spit it into their mouths, how romantic. | Biology |
What would happen to the ink in a tattoo if you tattooed a baby/minor who had lots of growing to do? Would the ink disperse across the skin?? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I don't know how to answer this exact question, but I have a (short) story that might help: my mom knows someone who tattooed her baby's feet on her shoulder/back. Very cute and all, but then she gained a lot of weight, and she ended up having a tattoo of giant feet because it got stretched out. | Biology |
Why do whales, dolphins, and other aquatic animals jump out of the water? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's not known why. A few theories as to the reasons. Maybe play, especially with smaller dolphins and porpoise. they also swim more efficiently as they jump out of the water, because air has less resistance than water. You often see this when they swim along side boats. Maybe part of their communication with members o... | Biology |
Why was the draft so much more controversial during The Vietnam War than it was during World War II? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because the public approval for the Vietnam War was lower than that of WW2, and this became worst over the years. For WW2 the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbour, killing american and sinking american ship on american soil. German then declared war on the US, sinking ships with their U-Boat. It was a defensive war, and the... | Other |
How do seashells get created especially the patterns on them? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It’s basically an exoskeleton created out of chitin aka carbonate calcium (you know the rock that goes fizz when you add acid to it). The animals create it themselves. And you know your fingerprints are basically how a pattern that’s random? Same thing here. The patterns you see are the growth streaks that happen as th... | Earth Science |
Is a regular audio file with sounds larger than an audio file of the same lengths without sounds? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | To a degree, it would depend on the format of the audio file. If it is a file type that allows for compression, then something with no sound would be highly compressible, and have negligible size, whilst the version with audio would be less compressible and so be bigger. If it was a format without compression, then bot... | Technology |
What type of adhesive is on screen protector? It is crystal clear | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's called a Pressure Sensitive Adhesive or PSA. In essence, it stays wet so that it adheres to a multitude of surfaces, not only just by the bonding forces between atoms (intermolecular forces), but by physically entangling in the little mountains and ridges that are on all surfaces. What you may be used to is glue t... | Chemistry |
Cpk vs Ppk in Manufacturing? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because it is much easier to calculate CpK rather then PpK although with computers nowadays it isn't as much of an issue. Secondly, as a regular customer I am not as much interested in measures of variation within a batch but rather more interested that every batch is similar. PpK will catch systematic drift in your pr... | Mathematics |
Why do psychiatric hospitals work? Won't people act completely different when they are taken out of their familiar enviroment? Or when they are after the treatment thrown back into their 'old lives'? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Usually the main interventions offered by psychiatric hospitals are providing a safe environment where inpatients can be monitored and kept safe in a way that's not possible in the community, and regular medication (particularly for psychotic/affective illnesses) that eventually stabilise a patients mental state until ... | Other |
Why won’t “old phone” be able to work in a 5G network? Do we have to get new phones when 5G becomes a more prominent thing? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The way I like to explain it: Think of network technologies like languages. 5G speaks Arabic. 4G speaks Chinese. 3G speaks English. Your phone now only speaks Chinese and English. You will need a new one to understand Arabic. It gets more complex than this, in a technical sense, but the concept is the same. | Technology |
Does the brain control every single cell inside of the body? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The brain doesn’t tel each and every muscle cell to contract. It instead sounds out a chemical signal through our nerves. It travels down the nerve until it reaches the group of muscle cells, where the terminal (end) nerves release chemicals that cause the contraction of muscle cells. Cells in our body basically work l... | Biology |
What allows heat to cast a shadow? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Light is bent or refracted by whatever it passes through. In a room of uniform temperature, the light is bent the same way everywhere so you see a uniform image. Heat causes turbulence in the air so the light is bent in a more chaotic manner. You're seeing this as a wavy image in the shadow. This is also what causes mi... | Chemistry |
If I understand this correctly, freckles and a tan are both the result of the sun triggering the release of melanin. What determines which one it will be? Also, in that case why can we get freckles on skin not exposed to sunlight, but can’t get a tan on unexposed skin? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Freckles are actually over active melanocytes (cells responsible for melanin production.) when you tan you are also increasing the amount of melanin you have as a whole , while freckles do not do that. The reason freckles can appear on either unexposed or exposed skin is because it is less dependent on the sun. Sometim... | Biology |
Why can airlines have the movie rights to recently released movies so quickly, but it takes a lot longer for Netflix and other streaming services to add new movies to their catalogs? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Streaming services are the last to acquire rights to the video because they represent the customer segment with the lowest profit margins. Why should a customer pay more to see the movie in a cinema/airplane when they can watch it at home anytime they want? The airlines are willing to pay a higher price per customer to... | Other |
How does capitalization of spending particularly R & D spending work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This isn't really an ELI5 theme, but I'll try. First, what are assets and what are expenses? An ASSET is something that lasts a long time. It's semi-permanent, like a dump truck or a building. An EXPENSE is something that is instant, like a business lunch with clients, the cost of hiring a consultant, or the mileage yo... | Economics |
When we try to think of the next word to say why do say "umm/uhh" or stutter rather than just silently pause? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Psychologically, humans don't like silence in conversation. It feels awkward, especially if we've just been asked something and we feel we need to respond. Additionally, conversation is a two-way street, and it's sometimes hard to determine when someone intends to "give up" the floor, so to speak, so that another perso... | Psychology |
What makes popping candy pop? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Pop rocks are candy pieces with little bubbles inside that have a large amount of gas. When these bubble lining weakens because you're mouth dissolves the sugar the gas escapes causing the pop. The process of pressuring the gas in is simple as blowing a lot of gas into the candy when it's still not hard then solidifyin... | Chemistry |
Why do phone cameras record video in verticle format by default when held in their normal position when a horizontal image is the default when watching any video? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The camera sensor is rectangular. It does not rotate. So by holding the camera vertically you are also holding the sensor vertically. The camera *could* crop the video down to a lanscape orientation, but it will be at the cost of vastly reduced resolution (you're literally ignoring more than half the pixels on the sens... | Technology |
why do we move less often while sleeping as we grow older? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Its something to do with the connections in your brain being fully aligned after puberty which leads to your body shutting itself down properly during sleep. Thats why you move less and are less likely to wet the bed,, Unless you are really drunk, and then the drink blocks those connections. | Biology |
How does the concept of "Buy one get one free" works in marketing? How does this strategy prove profitable for companies? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Option 1. The cost of the two items is profitable or at least breaks even, at the sale price of 1 (ie it costs the seller $1 for one item they the sell for at least $2) Option 2. Loss leader- you come in to buy the special and walk out with other items that are more profitable. | Economics |
psychological effect of solitary confinement, why is it considered a form of torture? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It’s not sensory deprivation in prison, because solitary is far from quiet. In fact, people are screaming and kicking their cell doors constantly. They sing songs, call out to one another, play games, tell jokes. Anything to pass the time. The hardest part is not knowing what time it is. The lights are always on, and s... | Biology |
What's the difference between source code and the code you can find in the progam/files? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Source code is made to be readable by humans, while the data in a typical executable (what you mean by 'program') is made to be readable by a computer's processor. For example, I might write something like this in source code: int x = 14; But in fact, this human-readable instruction requires quite a bit of extra work b... | Technology |
What's the difference between religion and cults? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Honestly, in a lot of ways there really aren't a lot of huge distinctions. Cults and Religions both rely on a faith-based belief system that people must adhere to regardless of, and contrary to, common sense, reason, and Scientific evidence. Religions become "Cults" when their controlling behavior starts isolating peop... | Other |
Why did old TVs have be set on channel 3 if you wanted to play anything linked to it such as a VCR, DVD player, or game console? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The game consoles had a built in “video modulator” that took the video/audio and basically had a miniature tv station transmitter inside them. TVs at the time usually just had an antenna input, they didn’t have countless video input ports like TVs do now. So the only way to get video from your game console was to prete... | Technology |
What would happen if a lot of people went into a single bank and asked to withdraw all their savings? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This is known as a 'run on the bank'. It has happened before. Individual branches don't carry a lot of cash so once the branch runs out, it closes until more can be delivered. As long as the bank itself remains solvent everyone will eventually get their cash. Thing is, people generally only do this when there's a whiff... | Economics |
When someone is "fighting sleep" to stay awake, what exactly are they fighting? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | #### ELI5 answer You get sleepy for two reasons. Your body senses light and knows when it's day time and when it's night time. Based on the time of the day, it sets the time to an internal clock. When this internal clock tells your body its close to night time, it makes chemicals that make you sleepy. Another reason yo... | Biology |
What are the reddit bots? How do people go about programming them to do weird, mostly unsuccessful tasks, and why? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A reddit bot is an automatic computer program that polls reddit for new comments and/or posts and responds accordingly. This is done using [reddit's api]( URL_0 ): just like you can go to URL_1 to get a nice page which shows you the subreddit and the newest posts, the program goes to URL_2 and gets a concise, properly ... | Technology |
Why is plastic so bad for the environment if it's raw material literally comes out of earth ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The raw materials are converted into something nature has never experienced before. There are no organisms capable of processing it, so plastic trash might as well be everlasting rocks, but with no positives and countless negatives for the environment (especially marine life). The problem is that plastics are less robu... | Chemistry |
What biological functions exactly drive sexual attraction in heterosexuals? How and why is it different for people of other orientations (if so)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Evolution is a guessing game whenever a genetic combination results in succesful reproduction it's like winning a free spin and big parts of that combination get to try again. Hormones and body chemistry create urges that coincidentally create opportunities to share genetic material. Very rarely that results in a succe... | Biology |
How does overall wealth actually increase? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When we convert raw materials into other resources, the value increases. Raw steel and rocks isn’t that useful, but build a building and you can house people/do commercial activities. Wood isn’t useful, but you can print knowledge on paper and books are more valuable than raw wood. This concept extends to ideas, not ju... | Economics |
How effective are online petitions really? Can I actually change something? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In the UK, any petitions on the UK Parliament website get a response from the government at 10,000 signatures and a debate on Parliament at 100,000. But the petition has to be something the Government or House of Commons is actually responsible for, and it doesn’t necessarily mean it will change anything significantly.... | Other |
How does the universe not have an edge? If the Big Bang was the start of all space, expanding from an infinitely small point, in what did that expansion take place? And what is the universe expanding in? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's infinite, so probably no edge. You could literally travel for all of time, and not reach the edge. Therefore, no edge. The reason you can't comprehend it isn't because it isn't true. It's because we are talking about seriously high up there shit, and you are a three dimensional creature. You can't even perceive Ti... | Physics |
When a signpost indicates X miles to somewhere (a town/city), is there a particular part of 'there' to where the distances is measured to? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A lot of cities have a defined referance point as to where the center is and all distances are calculated from. Usually the town hall or the town square. The official centers of big cities is usually quite famous. For example the official center of London is a point in Trafalgar Square, even though this point is in the... | Mathematics |
Why are court sentencing sometimes done at a later date, even when the defendant is already found to be guilty? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There is a lot of information that may be brought up to help a judge decide the sentence. A probation officer may deliver a presentence report which includes information about the defendant's criminal history, education and employment, financial circumstances, marital status, psychological health, etc. The prosecutor m... | Other |
why do diesel motors have a much more “heavy duty” sound than regular gas motors? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Diesel engines have no spark plug. Compression alone causes diesel fuel to ignite. As a result the compression needed in a diesel engine is much higher than a gasoline engine. To handle the nigh pressure inside the engine they must be made much heavier than a gasoline engine and the fuel explosion sound that is made is... | Technology |
What exactly is happening when you feel thirsty? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | ELI5 version: when the amount of water in your body is low, your body can detect this (combination of blood pressure and how concentrated sodium is in your blood. There is a specific center in your brain designed to deal with this, and it causes the feeling we know as thirst | Biology |
Why do we have to fry onions first when cooking? What makes them stay crunchy if you add them later? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The main reason is that the starches in plant food, namely pectin, take a while to break down in normal cooking temperatures. When you fry an onion with high heat or just cook it long enough, the pectin which holds the cells of the plant together starts to fall apart, making the texture softer. The high heat of frying ... | Chemistry |
Why won’t we just start colonizing the moon? Is it because we don’t have good enough tech or cause it’s pointless? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There's the whole lack of an atmosphere thing. This means you'd have to live, work, play, etc inside of buildings. The entire liveable environment would be inside. Water, air, etc would need to be transported there. Any damage to the structure, say from a meteorite, would be potentially fatal to everyone in that struct... | Earth Science |
Why is Russia not so rich? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A very large part of it is that while Russia is geographically very huge, it does not actually have that large of a population. That is the main reason its overall GDP is so far behind the United States. Also at issue is mismanagement. Almost everybody is in agreement that Russia currently is run by a small handful of ... | Economics |
If you order a drink with no ice, do you get a noticeable amount of more drink? Why or why not? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The answer is going to depend largely on the venue where you buy your drink. In a bar, quantities for each ingredient in a cocktail are precisely measured and the dilution produced by melting ice in the cocktail's recipe account for some of the volume of the final drink. Thus, if you ask for a cocktail that is normally... | Physics |
How can some coastal cities (eg Los Angeles, Perth) have a dry climate but other coastal cities (eg Miami, Sydney) be humid? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are a ton of differences between these areas that all have an influence on the climate. For instance, the water temperature in the Pacific is lower than in the Atlantic. There are also different pressure systems near the surface of the water and different air streams that flow differently to push the water around... | Earth Science |
What are intrusive thoughts, and what causes them to happen? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This one is hard to explain simply. A well known example is called The Call of the Void, and it's where just absolutely randomly, for no reason you'll imagine yourself or feel the urge to veer off the road into a tree, or jump off a high building, or throw yourself into traffic. Intrusive thoughts are like that, they'r... | Psychology |
How do bomb disposal teams decide which wire to cut on a bomb and how do they pinpoint where a bomb is? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Ninety percent of the time, they find a bomb the same way non-explosive-ordnance-disposal (EOD) guys do - someone sees a loose piece of trash that seems suspicious, someone just *said* something to a passing patrol, or there are signs that something's been buried - loose dirt, suspicious tracks, etc. Often, there are o... | Technology |
If almost all counties in the world have an external debt towards another country, couldn't the debt be paid only "on paper", thus getting rid of it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In reality, they've issued bond with different maturity dates. So one debt might be payable 30 years from now, another debt only 10 years. They're denominated in different currencies. And governments don't just owe each other, but private investors (like individuals, pension funds or businesses) or international organi... | Economics |
If our skin is porous why do we not fill up with water while swimming? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A few reasons. Firstly is that your body is already full of water and organs that ar denser than water. So there isn't room to fill. Secondly is that skin is porous, but the holes don't go all the way through to the muscle etc. Pores only go through the first part of skin. Lastly, pores expand and contract due to outsi... | Biology |
Why do eggs become shelf-stable when they're cooked in baked goods like bread, but have to be refrigerated if they're cooked in an omelet or scrambled? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The dangers of eggs is that it may get higher levels of salmonella. This can first happen once the shell of the egg is washed or cracked. But refrigeration slows down the salmonella allowing washed eggs to be stored for longer. And even though you have heated the eggs when cooking it it may get reinfected with salmonel... | Chemistry |
Why do human babies cry so loudly and so often? It seems like a detrimental action that would be selected out. Loud wailing could put the baby and it's caregivers in danger. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Human babies are the most helpless babies in the animal kingdom. They're utterly unable to fend for themselves. They can't walk, they can't grasp anything, they can't even hold their own heads up. Other animals give birth and within minutes their babies are walking around and exploring, but human babies are born very u... | Biology |
why are cameras fooled by superior mirages? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Light hits a camera sensor the same way that light hits an eyeball. Neither your brain nor the camera are "fooled"; they're both showing you a picture based on the light that hits them. If the light being detected by both of them is bent the same way, then they'll both end up with the same distorted image. | Earth Science |
FCC Comments. How many are needed and how do they make a difference in policy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The SOPA debate led to over 500k comments on the FCC. Less than a year later, the initial mainstream net neutrality debate that followed led to over 1M comments on the FCC. So, to answer your question - historically it seems that you need roughly 500k comments to delay policy change for another year. The question is, h... | Other |
What is Backward Telescoping Effect? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I would say if the memories are all set in the same location, and perhaps involved all the same people, then the memories might get melded together. For example, say you had a meeting at work with your boss last year concerning a particular project. Every week you have had this meeting to discuss the status of the proj... | Other |
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