question stringlengths 0 2.44k | prompt listlengths 1 1 | ground_truth stringlengths 0 8.31k | category stringclasses 12
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How can Uranus be turning on its side if there's no up, down, left, or right in Outer Space? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | By "turned sideways" we mean that Uranus' rotational axis is almost 90 degrees off the orbital plane. That means that during the northern summer the planets north pole points directly at the sun, and in the winter it points away. This produces some very bizarre and extreme seasons. It's not clear exactly how this happe... | Other |
- If a balloon is rubber, and rubber is an insulator then how come rubbing a balloon on your head creates electricity? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because rubber is an insulator. If you rub a piece of metal on your head (gently of course) any charge it contacts flows through the metal and into your hand. No electricity remains in your hair. Rubbing your hairs against each other produces static electricity, this is also how clouds make lightning. Since the rubber ... | Earth Science |
why animals can drink water from anywhere, but humans will get sick and die in many horrible ways? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | For starters, animals don't just drink any water from anywhere and are 'fine.' They get parasites and diseases too. For the most part they can get by despite all of this, but it isn't like they're immune to it. Secondly, humans can build up a resistance to the bad stuff in the water over time. My bio professor told us ... | Biology |
What's the difference between a monoclonal antibody and a polyclonal antibody? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A single immune cell that makes antibodies only has instructions for one kind of antibody. If you take this cell and grow it in a lab from a single cell (single colony), it produces monoclonal antibodies to a single part of a target. On the other hand, you could take a bunch of immune cells that each recognize differen... | Biology |
How do we know ‘original’ artefacts/paintings in famous museums are in fact the originals? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Sometimes they'll take a sample of the paint to have it analyzed. If a certain dye used hadn't been invented yet then you know it's likely a forgery. After the first atomic bomb was dropped cesium 137 and strontium 90 were found in much higher concentrations in nature and are absorbed by all living things including the... | Other |
Why can't we convert greenhouse gases into another gas that doesn't trap heat? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | CO2 is a very low-energy molecule. In order to break it apart, you need to add energy to it. Plants do this using sunlight as an energy source for photosynthesis, turning CO2 and water into sugar. Whenever we eat the products of those plants, we eventually reverse that process, turning the sugar into CO2, water, and en... | Chemistry |
What are lagging and leading indicators? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A leading indicator is a piece of data that points towards future events. A lagging indicator is a piece of data that changes in response to trends. For example... daily temperatures are a leading indicator for flu diagnoses. The flu spreads when it's cold out and people spend more time indoors, so when you notice dail... | Economics |
Why does a charged particle moving through space create a magnetic field? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Two ways to look at it. 1 - The electric and magnetic forces are unified. James Maxwell wrote down some equations stating exactly this. From this point of view, the fact that moving electric fields create magnetic fields is a fundamental feature of the universe, rather than something to be explained by using other laws... | Physics |
How do film companies increase the quality of a movie 50+ years after filming? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Physical film has a very high resolution - from around 4K to 8k+ depending on the size of the film used when shooting the movie. They need it to as they’re looking for a clear image when projecting onto a 40 foot wide screen! But for a long time the distribution media for home consumption didn’t have the storage capaci... | Technology |
Why does a word look unfamiliar if we stare at it for a long time? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A word written down is on its own just meaningless symbols to represent an idea, emotion, place etc. The longer you just stare at the word itself the meaning is peeled away leaving you with the symbols alone. The same can be experienced by repeating a word over and over again. After just a short time it will sound not ... | Biology |
How does Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This is a really complex concept. I'll first give a short text explanation that probably will be insufficient to explain it, afterwards I'll refer you to a video that in my opinion explains the concept very well. Every particle can be represented as a quantum wave. One way to represent this wave is to use the wave's am... | Physics |
Why are the majority of elements in the periodic table metals? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Cos god likes shiny things. Metals have things called delocalised electrons, which cause them to perform metallic bonding, in which those delocalised electrons kinda flow around the entire metal pretty loosely. This is contrasted with ionic and covalent bonding, where electrons are donated to create complete electron o... | Chemistry |
If countries switch to electric vehicles only, is crude oil still distilled for the other products (plastics, oils, tar, etc) ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I suspect that we will still need lubricants,and heavy fuels such as kerosene, and JP4. But the requirement will be greatly reduced as gasoline will become a byproduct rather than the primary product. With luck, once we move away from our dependence on internal combustion for transportation, more focus can be placed on... | Chemistry |
How is it possible that every snowflake is different? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They all follow a basic hexagonal shape when the water droplet is freezing due to the order of the inner structure *Basically, any water droplet is going to be hexagonal due to the chemical makeup*. Past this basic shape depending on varying conditions it is possible to get an unlimited number of possible "designs". Su... | Chemistry |
How do games run out of memory? I know that Pac Man reaches the kill screen when one half of the board runs out of memory,but how does it happen?? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The kill screen in pacman doesn't occur because it runs out of memory, it happens because of an integer overflow. The game keeps the current level stored as a single byte integer. A byte can hold a number between 0 and 255. When it passes level 255 is increments this counter, but instead of reaching 256 it rolls back t... | Technology |
Why before USB-C technologies like HDMI, USB-A/C, etc. weren't all manufactured to work with the same port? If not at least by one company who had the patents to do so? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | That situation is historically grown: We started with non-digital technology where different usecases required different connectors. Usually you only needed one type of connector per use, as you e.g. had only one printer. If you needed more of a type, you could use extension cards which gave you more ports of that type... | Technology |
How are hackers able to gain access to people’s personal accounts? I’m assuming that they don’t individually type in thousands of different passwords, right? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Hollywood has taught people that hackers use super complex tricks and tools to hack into computers. But in reality, it's usually just some dude posing as local IT or some sort of trustworthy person and asking for passwords. Why spend hundreds of hours looking for a weak spot in their security when you can just trick Ka... | Technology |
How do ZIP files work? How can you compress a certain amount of information in a smaller amount of memory, and then be able to retrieve it all back in its original form? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Imagine a tool box or a sewing kit, any of those neat little storage devices with cubbies and drawers and little fold-out shelves. How much space do they take up? When the are stored away, they take up very little space. You open them up, and take all the little bibs and bobs out to use, and they take up a more space. ... | Technology |
How do supermarkets produce so many store brand products to keep up with the brand names? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A lot of the time the generic (store brand) products are made in the same factories as the brand name products. Often the products are even identical or close to identical. But then for others they can have specialised factories. If you look at the number of supermarkets there are all across the country it's easy to ju... | Economics |
How does Google have the memory capacity to not only store every Google Doc ever, but also many versions of version history for each doc? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well, for one thing, storage is cheap. $10 for a terabyte. That's $10 for 1 trillion bytes of storage. Second of all, text takes up very little space. A novel in text format might be 200 kilobytes. Which means 5 novels fit in a megabyte. Which means 5,000 novels fit in a gigabyte. Which means 5 million novels fit in a ... | Technology |
How does banking works interest-free islamic economy? How does a bank earn if there is no interest? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If everyone is being honest about it, it's just a set of technicalities. - You don't buy the car for $20,000, we buy the car and you buy it from us for $24,000 in equal $500 monthly payments over the next 4 years. - We're not giving you a loan, we're buy a piece of your business that you will buy back from us over time... | Economics |
The leaning tower of pisa is leaning because of the soft ground under it. If that is the case shouldn't the tower be sinking straight? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Since it was first built and started leaning, engineers have worked hard to keep it stable. You can read about it at URL_0 - but because of the historical significance of the fact that the tower leans, engineers have deliberately stabilised it, but kept it leaning. In 1989, the tower was straightened up slightly becaus... | Other |
Is there any particular reason almost every adult mouthwash burns? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Mouthwash "burn" is typically caused by alcohol. Some dentists recommend against alcohol-based mouthwash since there's some evidence that alcohol might do more damage than help, when it comes to oral health. If you're using alcohol-free mouthwash and it still burns, then speak to your dentist about it. It may be a sign... | Other |
I've heard pirates drank rum because the water would go rancid. How does water go bad? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Water unless it has been distilled and is stored in a sterile container that is sealed air tight it is contaminated with various kinds of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. These will grow in a stagnant water supply (such as in the water barrels of a ship) and it will eventually get to toxic levels. | Chemistry |
What does fabric softener actually do? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It coats the fibers in an insulator, preventing transfer of electrons due to friction of two different materials rubbing against each other. [edit] is it just me, or is iOS autocorrect getting progressively worse? It’s swapping out one legitimate word for another now, capitalizing and apostrophizing random words, putti... | Chemistry |
How do they develop synthetic flavors for snack foods and not have it tasting chemical-y? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I know of this company that does R & D for synthetic flavors and the process is pretty much a lot of trial and error. They start off by isolating the main molecules that give the flavor that they want and they try to synthesize that molecule or one with a similar structure via other means (fermentation etc) and then do... | Chemistry |
How do we do things without consciously being aware we are doing it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A neuroscience answer: your cerebral cortex and thalamus simply work together to filter these things out. Your thalamus is a relay center for inputs, i.e. it decides what is important enough to be sent to the cerebral cortex for higher processing. When you initiate an action, obviously these inputs are important, but y... | Biology |
Why do we have to eat multiple times a day? Why can't we just eat a lot at once then not eat for several days? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A lot of it has to do with humans being mammals, since most mammals use energy from digestion and other processes to maintain a stable body temperature (the [naked mole rat]( URL_0 ) largely doesn't do this). Think of it like a fire: if you want the fire to burn, you have to keep adding fuel and make sure the fire can ... | Biology |
why can't the CDC figure out the source of the E coli problem with the romaine lettuce? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Lettuce, like many products, is grown at lots of different farms. At some point lettuce from various different farms all gets mixed together and then sold in bulk. These bulk centers sell produce to large areas. So once the bad lettuce gets tracked back to one of these bulk centers, each farm that contributes lettuce h... | Biology |
If we exhale carbon dioxide, how does giving mouth-to-mouth help a person? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You don't metabolize all of the oxygen that you breathe in. 20.9% of air is oxygen, which is what you inhale, but your exhaled breath still contains about 16%, which coincidentally is about the minimum oxygen concentration that will still support life. Artificial respiration, in conjunction with CPR, will oxygenate and... | Other |
Why do different temperatures change how food taste? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Not an expert but have some understanding from just one angle. Chemicals in food bind to receptors in your tongue and activate those receptors. These chemicals bind differently based on temperature as their properties might change ever so slightly. And all these slight changes of properties add up in the food you eat, ... | Chemistry |
Why is it that when men ejaculate they do so in "pumps", but when they urinate, its in a constant stream? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Generally different mechanisms and muscles. Urine is stored in the bladder, which is basically a big muscular bag, and more or less just needs to be released. Ejaculation is a more complex process that includes using the muscles of the pelvic floor to drive the semen out. Basically, the semen is stored in tubes that co... | Biology |
How does gentrification work? If we make an area better why isn’t that always a good thing? Wouldn’t it increase the supply of good housing, lowering the cost of housing for everyone? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If it's good or bad depends on who you're asking. If you're asking the people who can no longer afford to live there due to increased housing costs, they would probably say it's bad. No, it doesn't lower the cost of housing. More desirable area means more demand, which drives up prices. Edit: clarification. | Economics |
How can cause and effect exist in the nonlinear time theory? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Based on what you've said about the ability to manipulate which area of time you are placed, either in past, present or future. I believe that whilst in motion of tense (past or future) you wouldn't be able to visualize what was going to happen or what had happened. But once you remain in the present, and are in a non ... | Physics |
What does the SPF of a sunblock measure? Is a higher number SPF lead to better protection? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | SPF is supposed to work like this: You take the time your skin usually takes to burn, multiply it by the SPF, and that is the new amount of time it will take you to burn. So if you usually take 15 minutes to burn and you wear SPF 10, then it should protect you for 150 minutes (2.5 hours.). Whereas if you usually take 5... | Chemistry |
Why does the moon change places every night? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | To put some numbers on it, the Moon orbits once around the Earth in about 30 days, so it goes all the way around the sky (west-to-east, against the fixed stars) in that 30 days. So in one day, it moves about (360/30) 12 degrees on the sky. The diameter of a full Moon is about 1/2 deg, so the Moon moves a truly noticeab... | Physics |
What is a simple analogy for major depression? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | (the one that has worked best for me so far) Depression is like swimming in very heavy clothing. It takes all of my energy to resist sinking so that I can keep breathing (i.e., take care of my most basic needs). There isn't enough energy left to move in any direction. Sometimes I can summon the energy to call for help;... | Other |
Why ads like McDonald's aren't considered misleading advertising, despite the fact that the product showed isn't even something like the offered product? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The product shown is the optimal, best case scenario version of the food they make. All of the food you see in a McDonald’s commercial is actual McDonald’s food cooked in an actual McDonald’s Kitchen. The ad agency just makes a lot (like hundreds) of versions until they get the best one and then instead of putting it u... | Other |
The pictures of 2 different colored water(seas and oceans) meeting are they real? If then how it happens? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It often happens when fresh water meets sea water in a fiver estuary. Fresh water can carry a lot of silt in suspension. Small electrical charges on the surface of minerals like clay keep them repelling each other so they don't clump together and fall out as a precipitate. The extra salt content of salt water cancels t... | Chemistry |
Why countries with deficitary balance of payments try to devalue its currency to export more goods instead trying to strengthen the same currency to make imports cheaper? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Strengthening the currency can be done effectively in the short term, but not the long term. This is because it is done by central banks purchasing the domestic currency with reserves of foreign currency. This increases demand for your currency and therefore increases it's value, but eventually those reserves of foreig... | Economics |
Why does yawning change the pitch of music/audio? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It doesn’t. It just lowers the volume of the higher sounds while mainly leaving the low end the same. I assume this is because high pitches are very “directional” and lose volume “going around corners” and trough objects. Lower pitches tend to go just.. everywhere. This is why you feel the bass in your chest at a conce... | Physics |
How do large area WLAN networks work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | exactly like you suggested. There are a lot of Access Points (not routers) that broadcast the same network (ESSID), with the same security settings. Every Access Point has a unique ID (BSSID), which a client also sees. So your PC or phone or whatever notices that the same network is broadcasts by different devices. It ... | Technology |
What's the process of inventing medicine? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | 1. Many leads for drug discovery actually start from plants with traditional/folkloric use. Meaning if the plant is used traditionally for treating infection, for example, it is a prime candidate for antibiotic drug screening. But nowadays with the existence of high throughput assays, screening thousands of plants for ... | Chemistry |
How does a chemical computer work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A normal computer basically uses a long series of switches that flip on and off based on the states of other switches. A program is just a list of what switches to flip in what order. A chemical computer does the same thing but uses chemical reactions as switches. The concentration of chemicals determines the state of ... | Chemistry |
Why do we get nervous talking to crowds but not talking to one person? A crowd is just one person repeated many times. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We do get nervous when speaking to one person. There's a number of ways they could find out we don't know what we're saying, or find a flaw in our reasoning. More people means there's more eyes scrutinizing how we look and move, and ears analysing what we say. There's more ways we can be "discovered" | Psychology |
What happens to a battery when it reaches 100% charge and stays charging? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Dumb old batteries like lead acid and nickel cadmium can handle trickle charging indefinitely; excess charge will just turn into heat. Trickle charging generally means a rate that will take at least ten hours to fully recharge the battery. Anything charging faster than that has to have an automated system to work out w... | Technology |
Why is usb a serial port and not a parallel port? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It is serial because the transfer speed that was required could be managed with just two data lines with differential signaling. It also has two wires for power so a total of 4 wires. If you can have fewer wires you can make cheaper connectors and cables. USB is designed to be a way to connect stuff. This is the main r... | Technology |
Why do pyramid schemes always fail? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In the simplest form you get 10 people and tell the to "each get 10 unique people". That's not possible, because there isn't an infinite number of people. Eventually somebody gets the last person. Then the last person, and everybody else in the "just found" list (billions of people) fails because there aren't any more ... | Other |
What is a lien on a property? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are two different kinds of rights you can have: personal rights, and property rights. The vast, vast, vast, majority of rights we have are personal. "I owe YOU $2.00", or "YOU owe THE BANK $30,000.00". However one of the interesting characters of law that developed hundreds, and hundreds, of years ago, is that so... | Economics |
how do IQ test actually determine a person’s intelligence? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | First off, what is intelligence? If its defined by how well you score on an IQ test, then yeah that's how intelligent you are. The IQ test tests certain aspects of higher brain functions that people think are aspects of intelligence, such as logic and deduction, pattern matching, language skills, math, etc. So if you d... | Other |
What's the significance of weight distribution when racing? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The center of weight in a car is directly related to how it behaves when pushed to the limit. The further forward it is the more understeer you get and the further back it is the more oversteer you get. Having more weight on your drive tyres increases grip during acceleration and having more weight on your steer tyres ... | Technology |
How come the extreme pressure at the ocean floor isn't making the water boil? (Like high pressure areas on land equals higher temperatures) I've heard the temperature underwater actually goes as low as 33°F | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Forget about temperature for the first part. Water is made of molecules. Molecules in liquid water are relatively free to move, but they are still slightly attached to other molecules, so they don't "escape". When water becomes a gas, the molecules escape. If we increase pressure, we constrain the motion of these molec... | Physics |
why are 5-6 year old kids all over the world fascinated with dinosaurs? It seems like at certain age all kids independent of culture they come from know all the dinosaurs and are just Dino experts. Why is that? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well they've been around long enough to have encountered plenty of animals and get a sense for what they're like. Then you tell them that the world used to be full of giant monsters. And this isn't a made up story it's real. Why wouldn't they be fascinated? It's new and extremely different, scary and at the same time c... | Biology |
What's the purpose of the white, crescent shaped part of the fingernail/ toenail? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | URL_1 It's called the Lunula. A little behind your nail is an area called the matrix. This is where the cells are developed to create new nail (kind of like a hair follicle but for nails). The Lunula is the front of the matrix. Not everyone's nails have them, because sometimes the entire matrix is behind the nail, unde... | Biology |
Why do some people prefer sleeping on their sides while others prefer sleeping on their stomach or back? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | People are different. I for one sleep on my sides and my back. I prefer to sleep on my back because I have lots of lower back problems and it alleviates issues I have with that, but during the night I have to switch to my side at times because my arms go numb from the pressure on my spine. There's too many different re... | Biology |
what is the purpose of the value e? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The mathematical constant e is referred to as representing natural growth. Unlike other popular constants like pi, e does not have a handy visual to explain it. Instead it can be thought of using banks and interest: (For true ELI5, interest means "the bank will add 'this much' to your money at the specified time) If we... | Mathematics |
Why would AirPower have created so much heat? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Running electricity through anything creates heat. All chargers create heat. Because wireless power is mysterious people like to play up the death ray idea and pretend it was like bursting into flame or something, but phones have a ton of very delicate requirements and things like thermal cycling of a few degrees in th... | Physics |
How do scientists figure out the distance between planets and galaxies? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Let's say I gave you a ruler, and told you to measure the length of Manhattan. How would you go about doing that? Obviously, measuring it one foot at a time would be impractical. But you could use the ruler to measure the length of one of your steps. You count how many steps were in a city block, then just count the nu... | Mathematics |
Why do human mutations always seem to be degenerative instead of useful? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If you have a useful mutation you often won't notice anything is different, won't bother to tell doctors and/or nobody will do anything to spread awareness of it. I've always been able to read things from further away than anyone I've ever met and my fingers can bend all the way back on themselves without causing me an... | Biology |
How did individuals interact with banks before computers and modern technology? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The very first banks were created during the Renaissance so that merchants could deposit money in their home city, get a certificate of deposit, and then travel to another city. People knew that the certificate represented money in that other bank and they would accept it as if it were money. This removed the need to t... | Economics |
Why does opening new tabs make me forget in the same way when you walk into a room? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When your brain is doing a specific task, sometimes it gets caught up in the smaller tasks it has to do to get there and accidentally erases the original task while in “Complete!” mode. It has something to do with short-term memory transitioning into long-term memory, where there’s apparently some kind of blind spot be... | Other |
why do public sector bodies pay tax? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | For income tax, it's just easier to make everyone follow the same rules regardless of what organisation employs them. Public sector bodies could work that into their pay scales instead. So for a job that would earn £50,000 in the private sector, they could just pay them around £37,000 instead, but tax free. But then it... | Economics |
why can't we make up a number that is the result of a division by 0, just like we did with i? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We could make up a number like that. The question is, does it unlock any interesting new mathematics? When we defined the square root of -1 to be *i*, it enabled very rich, new mathematical fields, with broad applications to not only other fields of math but also physics and engineering. Underpinning all of this was th... | Mathematics |
P(Event A) happening to be 0.5%, if I attempt 100 tries, the probability of it happening at least once would be (1-0.995^100)= ~0.6. However, say if I attempt 100 tries, and I stop half way through at 60 tries, with none of the previous 60 attempts successful, will it affect my probability? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Randomness has no memory. Each coin toss has 50% chance of landing toss. Doesn't matter how often you threw it and how often you got a certain result. The result is independant from previous AND future results - otherwise it's not truly randomness. What you're calculating is the probabilty of one success within 100 tri... | Mathematics |
How do large crowds seem to always sing on pitch? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If you measure the pitch accuracy of the members of the crowd, as with many things in nature, they would follow a normal distribution (a bell curve) and the perceived pitch accuracy of the crowd is going to match the average pitch accuracy of it's member. As a consequence, outliers matter less in a crowd then in a solo... | Physics |
Why is the magnetic north changing position and why is it happening faster now? Also is the magnetic south exactly in the antipode of the magnetic north or can it be elsewhere? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The magnetic poles are in a constant (albeit slow) state of motion. As the molten core of the earth reacts to rotation, gravitational changes and its own motion, the magnetic field that it generates wanders. Imagine an orange inside its peel. The segments would be roughly representative of the way the magnetic fields a... | Physics |
How come I'm seeing mobile game ads on youtube that directly uses ripped footage from a completely different game, and why is it not getting taken off quickly as it should? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The company that has their content plagerized/stolen would have to go through the process with youtube/google about getting the ads removed. That's not instant, and likely the original content makers are not aware of which ones are doing this. Also, if one is taken down, they'll just slightly change their skin and name... | Economics |
what exactly is the the white powdery substance inside balloons? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's talcum powder. It helps keep the balloons from sticking to each other, especially during the production process. They're made by sticking a mold in to a bath of liquid rubber or silicone then dipping that coated mold in to a solution of talcum and water so that when they are removed they don't stick to one another... | Other |
Why did the British not face any consequences after oppressing, exploiting and colonizing almost every country to ever exist? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because when they did it there was no higher authority. You also lay a lot on the British door, but it was pretty common for many countries to a degree that you may not fully appreciate. Belgians in the Congo as it were. France all over the place. Spain and Portugal. Little bit of Italian action especially when you go ... | Other |
Why are (pretty much) all tires black? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The rubber that tires are sourced from is a milky white color, but carbon black is added to the rubber as a stabilizing chemical compound and makes the tire black. ... Carbon black protects the tire from the damaging effects of UV light and ozone, two known elements that contribute to the deterioration of the tire. | Chemistry |
why does milk go sour if it's not in the fridge for too long, but butter can be on the counter for days and be perfectly fine? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Bacteria live in milk and make it spoil. What these bacteria need to survive is an environment that they can live in - with lots of fluid so that they don't dry out - while they eat the sugars in the milk and turn it into lactic acid, which causes milk to spoil. When you make butter, you separate out the fat from most ... | Chemistry |
Are there any noteworthy differences between a name brand medicine and the generic version? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Generic drugs work the same as name-brand drugs. ([Source:]( URL_0 ) Food and Drug Administration.) This is a standard they have to meet to be approved for use. In particular, generics must: * have the same active ingredient * have the same strength and administration method * have acceptable inactive ingredients * be ... | Chemistry |
how do rechargeable batteries work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Technically batteries don't store electricity. They create electricity through a chemical reaction. Rechargeable batteries work because some of those chemical reactions can be reversed by running electricity back through the battery in the reverse direction. A fully charged battery will be made up of chemical A. Throug... | Technology |
How do animals/insects know what to do? For example how does a bird know to gather materials to build a nest for their children? How does a Caterpillar know it must wrap itself in a cacoon although it's never done that before or has been taught to do that? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They have instincts. Whether or not these instincts even count as knowing something is debatable. but basically, their genetics sets their neural network up in such a way that it responds to a certain stimulus with a certain response. So a caterpillar has a neural network that is set up by its DNA such that when it rea... | Biology |
what's happening when I'm thinking nonsensical things before sleep? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When you are fully asleep you're brain is active in different ways than when you're awake. I dont think theres a solid answer yet for why is acts this way. So as you start falling asleep you can sometimes still be conscious when this starts to happen. So your brain will be doing it's own thing, and your conscious self ... | Biology |
What’s the point of logarithmic dimming curve? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A logarithmic dimming curve results in the perceived light level changing linearly You don't see 500 lumens as half as bright as 1000 lumens, you see it being 70% as bright, and 250 lumens as half as bright If you use a linear dimming curve and a rotary dimmer then half your perceived dimming range is in the highest 75... | Technology |
How can tabloids run stories that are verifiably fake and not get sued into oblivion? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Mostly because in most places it is actually really, really hard to sue somebody for libel. You have to demonstrate that the claims are faults, that the party making the claim knew they were faults, and that some quantifiable degree of damage has occurred. In addition, tabloids are often able to use refuge in audacity ... | Other |
Why does static electricity sometimes make a sound at high elevations? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Holy crap that's terrifying. That sound is lightning looking for somewhere to hit. Basically, there's a bunch of little currents / eddies of electricity, swirling around looking for a path from the cloud to the ground. As you move your hand, you're changing how big those circles are, which changes their pitch. Stick ar... | Earth Science |
How was the first clock programmed? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | pretty much everything these days uses a crystal oscillator, such as quartz, which you can manufacture at difference frequencies. these oscillators "vibrate" or modify an electrical field at a precise frequency which you can then use to generate clocks for digital circuits or keep track of time for watches. there are o... | Technology |
What is the difference between a college and a university in the USA? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A college is an institution that offers classes and can grant you a degree. A university can be thought of as a set of colleges (college of Engineering, college of Arts and Sciences, etc) strongly affiliated together, and usually doing some sort of advanced research or offering advanced degrees (Masters, PhD). Some ins... | Other |
Why does hyperthreading increase CPU performance? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A CPU core has many parts. One accesses memory, one performs simple arithmetic (addition, subtraction, etc), multiplication is usually a separate piece, floating point is separate, encryption is separate, etc. Hyperthreading takes advantage by trying to run two jobs at the same time but having them share the parts of t... | Technology |
What are memories and how are we able to conjure up older ones at random? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Apparently every time we remember something the original memory gets overlaid by the memory of it, if that makes any sense, so if you’re remembering something from years ago you aren’t recalling it exactly, you are remembering a memory of a memory... x however many times you’ve gone back to it.. that was what I picked ... | Other |
During commercial breaks, why do they sometimes play half a second of one commercial before switching to another? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Saw this from a guy who scheduled TV commercials Every hour of television, there are two local breaks, one minute each. If your local cable company sells that time, a local ad will run. If your local cable company does not sell that time, it defaults to whatever the network chose, usually a specific type of ad called "... | Technology |
Why is there a time jump when sleeping, and what could be a reason for it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Think of it this way. Let's say you are recording a video or an audio clip--doesn't matter which-- and you pause the recording for 5 minutes the resume. When you play it back, those 5 mintues don't exist to the recording. That time is jumped over. The time happened, but because the recording was paused, it seems from t... | Biology |
How does focal length of a lens in a camera affect zoom and focus? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's not so much 'zoom' as magnification. Lenses bend light to bring them to a point or focus. The shorter the focal length, the more the light is bent to bring it to a focus - literally a stronger lens bends light more so it focuses closer. Because of this, the amount of light it can bring into that focus is also high... | Physics |
How does buying local support the local economy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The idea is that local businesses are more likely to spend their profits locally, rather than move those out of city/state to the corporate office. Your local Mom & Pop employees local people, but they also likely source products more locally, and hire local businesses for expenses (local accountants, local tradesmen, ... | Economics |
PSR B1620-26 b, is an Exo-Planet 12,400/lightyears away. And it is known to for its extreme age of 12.7Billion years. How do we know it’s actually this old? How are we sure this is true and what do we actually do to get it’s age? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We made an assumption that the planet's age is comparable to the age of the starts in its neighborhood. Based on our current understanding of the evolution of planets and stars that's a good assumption but it's possible we're wrong. So we know the star has an exoplanet, and we know the star is in globular cluster Messi... | Physics |
What is a derivative function? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | the derivative is the slope of a function at every point. f(x)=2x has a slope of 2 on the entire graph, so f'(x) = 2. take a look at the cos and sin functions, one is a derivative of the other. at the highest and lowest, the slope is 0 so the derivative is 0, at 0 the slope is 1 so the derivative is 1. also look at e^x... | Mathematics |
- Why do negative numbers exist? What is the concept of negative? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Negative numbers exist because subtracting a smaller number from a bigger one can’t be a positive number, but it’s useful to be able to do that kind of subtraction anyway. For instance, I’ve got a doodad I’m selling for $10, but you only have $5. Rather than telling you no, I can give it to you for the $5 you currently... | Mathematics |
How does smoking make someone's voice deeper/raspier? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Everything you inhale passes right across the vocal cords. The vocal cords, (whose easy vibration creates your voice), react to irritants like allergens, dry air, dust, chemical odors, reflux, etc. The burning end of a cigarette is 451 degrees Fahrenheit. By the time that air reaches 17-20 cm down your throat it has co... | Biology |
Is there a difference between ‘Celsius’ and ‘Centigrade’? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The distinction between the Celsius and centigrade scales can seem confusing -- but the two terms refer to the same scale of measurement, and both use the same degree designation -- degrees C. The two scales -- Centigrade and Celsius -- originated in the 18th century, and were used interchangeably until the mid-20th ce... | Other |
What proof do we have of Mole Theory? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The same way we know that a dozen is 12. We made up the term mole. As for how we know how much a mole of something weighs, we know what 1 atoms weighs, and we know how many atoms are in a mole. If you want you can make up your own term and make it have 84 atoms | Chemistry |
Why do rollercoasters feel so fast, even if they’re going slower than we would normally drive? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The forces that you feel on the ride are less about the speed of the train and more about the acceleration forces of the short trip. Roller coasters typically don't travel in a straight line for long, and every turn, every hill, every drop, and every twist changes the direction and speed of acceleration on your body, c... | Physics |
If neutrinos don't interact with anything, how can we detect them? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's not that they DON'T interact, it's that they RARELY interact. Trillions of neutrinos are passing through your body, and maybe two might touch an atom in your body in your lifetime. Neutrino observatories don't really care where they're built since the Earth is pretty much transparent to neutrino radiation. First y... | Physics |
How do we perceive our inner monologue as actual sound? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | These questions are difficult to answer since we don't know a lot about the nature of the brain, but here is something to think about-- what is sound? If you're like most people, you probably think of sound as a series of vibrations that propagate through some medium and eventually hits your ears. But if I take an elec... | Biology |
How far out are flights planned at major airports and who is responsible for planning these flights and the gates at which they arrive? Are certain gates chosen for a reason or is it random? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | All of this is handled by the airline. The airline plans the route (e.g. a flight from New York to Los Angeles and then back 2 times a week on Tuesday and Friday). The airline then assigns aircraft to that route (e.g. a Boeing 757). The airline then assigns a pilot to this route for some day, and the pilot files a flig... | Other |
What exactly is "dx" in integrals and derivatives? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Intuitively, it's a very small change in x. The derivative (dy/dx) is a measure of how much a small change in x affects y. That's why it's written as a fraction of two very small numbers, dy and dx. The integral can be seen as a sum of areas of very thin rectangles. The height of each rectangle is the value of the func... | Mathematics |
How do whiteboards keep ink fresh? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The type of ink in the dry erase markers are formulated to sit on top of a surface. Also, the whiteboard itself is non-porous (doesn't absorb), or nearly so, so the ink just sits on top without sinking in. This is why you can get some staining on old whiteboards. The coating that makes them non-porous gets worn. Fun fa... | Chemistry |
How do drawing salves work? Do they even? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > But do they really do anything? How? Drawing salves have not been scientifically tested or approved for human use. That alone should be a huge alarm bell to you because if they were safe and effective the big medical companies would be selling the crap out of them. Heck, safe is enough for them to get into the game r... | Chemistry |
How do we learn about Planets and Stars really far away? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Hahaha. The funny thing about modern cosmology is that most of the field is theory. We are very sure that we are correct, but we are not certain, and there is a good chance we will not be certain in the near future. For example, we have no way of knowing 100% what happens in a supernova. We don't have the technology to... | Other |
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