question stringlengths 0 2.44k | prompt listlengths 1 1 | ground_truth stringlengths 0 8.31k | category stringclasses 12
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Why is water discolored when they’re working on the lines but not normally? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You can replicate this effect at home. Just pick a faucet that you don't need daily, and then don't use it for a few months. When you first run it, you'll have that same "rusty" water. There is always a certain amount of rust and sediments in the water lines. But your normally functioning water system is a relatively s... | Chemistry |
When you're hungry or thirsty, how does your body immediately know whether it's food or water you've just consumed? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | An organism, like a human, can be viewed as a complex machine full of receptors that takes stimuli from its environment, both external and internal. The human body has special receptors that can tell whether you drank some water or eaten some food. When you drink water, the salts in your body reduce their concentration... | Biology |
What's the difference in Trademark, Registered & copyright? And where is each one used? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Trademark is the name of a business or product. If you open a business called Allinhumor's Tacos, that's your trademark. For a trademark, you have to use it first and then register it. A registered trademark is one that you filed a trademark application on and got it approved. Now nobody else can trademark Allinhumor's... | Other |
How does the human body know what to do with drugs invested through various ways? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It doesn't know.. Pharmaceuticals are (usually) developed backwards- we find a chemical that does something interesting, say it inhibits a certain enzyme that we know is involved in pain transmission. From there it's a matter of scaling up and getting approval from the FDA to distribute your drug by proving it works. S... | Biology |
Why do you get sick and throw up when taking antibiotics on a empty stomach? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Quite simply because the agent in the pool itself is irritating. Taking lots of medications can cause vomiting on an empty stomach because they boost acid production or irritate the stomach lining. It can also be you don't have enough juices in your stomach so the medicine is just gooping up in there. Eating allows the... | Biology |
What exactly have Man City done and haven’t Real/Barca/PSG been doing this for years? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The biggest thing is their parent company (essentially the royal family of Abu Dhabi) also owns some of their sponsors. The rules state there's a specific ratio of income to expenditures to be eligible to compete. Since the club and the sponsors are owned by the same people, the sponsors were paying heavily inflated sp... | Other |
What are practical applications for prime numbers? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Large prime numbers are essential to encryption, especially encrypted messages and information transmitted over the internet. Having two very large primes multiplied together is the basis of encryption keys. Computers struggle with prime factorization for very large numbers, and once those numbers reach a certain size,... | Mathematics |
When adding bleach to fabric, what happens to the original fabric dye? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Bleach works to remove color from fabric because it is an oxidizing agent. The colors exist because certain molecules in whatever causes the color (fabric dye, grass stains) that are structured in a way that causes certain wavelengths to be absorbed, and others reflected, allowing us to perceive that color. When bleach... | Chemistry |
Do animals other than humans repeat patterns mentally? e.g. getting a song stuck in one's head | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It is very hard to say because we have not been able to ask the animals themselves. However we do see a lot of the same behavior patterns in animals as we do in humans. Especially in dogs which we do a lot of interaction with we can see things like obsessive compulsive disorders, depression, dementia and other mental i... | Biology |
how exactly does pepto-bismol cure my nausea, heart burn, indigestion,upset stomach, diarrhea? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I am not a doctor or pharmacist, but someone who has taken lots of Pepto and has researched this out of curiosity. Basically, most of those symptoms are caused by an inflammation in the digestive tract. Bismuth Subsalicylate, the active ingredient, helps reduce that inflammation. I say most because as I understand it, ... | Chemistry |
How come if a defendant sleeps with his defense lawyer a new lawyer must be found? (ex in text) | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A lawyer is supposed to represent their client's *legal* best interests as best as they can. In order to do that, the lawyer has to be at least somewhat dispassionate about their client so that they don't get caught up in personal concerns. For instance, it may be better for a client to enter a plea deal rather than go... | Other |
If paper is made of wood, how does it seem to burn at such a lower temperature than an actual piece of wood? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I think it has to do with surface area versus volume. With a large surface area like a sheet of paper, it's relatively easy to heat part of it up to the temperature where it will burn, but when you're trying to burn a piece of wood, any heat you put in one part of the surface gets "soaked up" by all of the wood inside,... | Chemistry |
How did people sync their clocks / know what time it was (say, 1875) when things like catching a train required you to know the exact time? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | People would just plan to arrive early enough at the train station, synchronize with the grand central clock, then run some errands, patronize the numerous cafés, bars and restaurants on the other side of the street ... Actually not that different from us, we may know exactly when a plane will take off, but not exactly... | Technology |
How exactly does the feeling of your heart "fluttering" in your chest happen when you think about someone you like or love? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | To put it in very simple terms: the things that you think of and emotions that you feel can have physical effects on your body. Its just like how your hands might shake when you get scared or angry and how your cheeks may turn red when you’re embarrassed. When you think of somebody you’re fond of you may get anxious or... | Biology |
What is fuzzy logic and how is it that it's found in missiles and rice cookers? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Traditional logic only knows two states: True or False. Is the rice cooker hot enough? If yes, turn off the heating element, and if not, turn it on. Fuzzy logic can also express to what extent a statement is true on a sliding scale. Is the rice cooker hot enough? No, but it's close, so turn down the heating element a b... | Technology |
How is machine learning different from a statistical model? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Machine learning is a way to build a statistical model. It is all well and good to say "let's use a statistical model!", but you still have to decide which one to use and how to implement it. Is your data distribution linear? Geometric? Logarithmic? Sinusoidal? You have to start making guesses and see which one you thi... | Technology |
Why aren't there 100 seconds in a minute and 100 minutes in an hour? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | THE DIVISION of the hour into 60 minutes and of the minute into 60 seconds comes from the Babylonians who used a sexagesimal (counting in 60s) system for mathematics and astronomy. They derived their number system from the Sumerians who were using it as early as 3500 BC. The use of 12 subdivisions for day and night, wi... | Physics |
Why does it seem like only a few mobile games appear in almost all mobile game ads ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There's actually several factors: 1 Remarketing, 2 Look-alike targeting, 3 Profile targeting 1. In remarketing if you ever demonstrate a whisper of interest in a product they will seize upon that and bend the powers of targeted advertising towards prolonged exposure. This is most common and annoying when you sign up fo... | Technology |
Why is water an essential part of life? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The chemical processes that determine life as we understand and define it require water. It's possible there are life forms out there that do not require water- but we have no evidence of it. As far as we know- every living thing dies if cut off from H2O for a long enough period. | Biology |
why do so many lottery winners go broke within a year? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A few years ago /u/blakeclass wrote a [response to a thread]( URL_0 ) that stared off: > Congratulations! You just won millions of dollars in the lottery! That's great. > Now you're fucked. > No really. > You are. > You're fucked. Ignoring the non-monetary things that can happen, the example of Jack Whittaker is quite ... | Economics |
Why is it that when people watch you do something you are good at, your performance level decreases? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This is a situational thing and I’ll occasionally see the opposite effect. Part of it is you being nervous about messing up makes you lose focus on the task, and if you are nervous enough for adrenaline your hands might shake and lose some precision. Part of it may be you just got unlucky that time and blame it on the ... | Psychology |
- What is the difference between interferometry and spectrometry? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Interferometry uses light overlapping with itself, but with different offsets to measure distances. Light is a wave and so if peaks line up with peaks you see brighter light. If peaks match up with troughs then everything cancel out and you see no light. If you can create a physical setup, where one ray of light has to... | Physics |
Torrents. Could studios sabotage them if they actually wanted to? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They do try to overload a torrent with clients that you can't really connect to. I forget the term for it, flooding maybe, but essentially it stops people from downloading or reduces speed to a crawl. They can also submit bad files to the major sites so that people searching for a torrent may end up picking a bad torre... | Technology |
Exactly why do we have the concept of imaginary numbers? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | For a roughly analogous reason to why we have negative numbers. Addition has this nice property where if you add any two positive numbers, the number you get back is guaranteed to be positive too. We say that the positive numbers are 'closed under addition'. There's no way, via addition, to get from inside the positive... | Mathematics |
As someone with no knowledge of U.S. politics, why is it that with an annual Marijuana related deaths of 0, and an annual Alcohol related deaths of 50,000+ in the U.S. alone, is there so little effort made to reduce alcohol usage and some much effort to criminalize Marijuana? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In the past, the people who were deciding what should be legal and illegal were people who liked alcohol and didn't like marijuana. Now, people are making a lot of money selling alcohol so they don't want it to become illegal. People aren't making so much money selling marijuana, so they don't care if it remains illega... | Other |
How do venomous snakes avoid self-envenomation? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They actually are susceptible! There's two things to consider. 1 - They swallow their own venom and 2. They accidentally bite themselves and inject their own venom. If they were to swallow their own venom, no harm is done as the venom is made of protein which gets destroyed by the juices in the digestive tract. The oth... | Biology |
If even a small nuclear exchange (say, India vs Pakistan) is enough to put the entire world in a nuclear winter, why did the 2,000+ nuclear tests conducted from the 1940s-60s not create a nuclear winter? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The cause of nuclear winter is not because of the nuclear weapons, but because of the massive firestorms nuclear weapons will cause. Firestorms are absurdly destructive, and send everything they burn into the atmosphere. When you're just detonating the things high in the atmosphere, in deserts or underwater, there's re... | Other |
What are you actually doing when you take the derivative of a function and why does it give the area? What about integration? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Taking the derivative gives you the gradient (steepness) of the function, and for y=function of x, the derivative tells you how quickly y changes with respect to x. Integration gives you the area under a line, and essentially just reverses the derivative process. If you integrate a derivative you get the original funct... | Mathematics |
Why does the frosting on a donut melt and absorb in as the donut goes stale? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It isn't separation - it is absorbing water vapor from the air. The frosting is really just a high sugar content syrup that has cooled and hardened on the donut; sugar is very hydrophilic, so it will absorb water very easily. As time passes, it absorbs water out of the air itself, which makes the hardened frosting more... | Chemistry |
For years NSA has raised concerns about the US power grid being hacked. What can the US do to protect the power grid? Going Green is critical for all, if nations are unable to protect their power grids, will that slow going green? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | First, I think you're connecting two things that aren't connected. Going green, that is using more renewable energy sources, is not connected to the security of the electrical grid. Second, hardening the electrical grid against a cyberattack is an ongoing process. Most electric companies are private organizations but t... | Technology |
At what point does fusion stop and particles start to burst apart? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The most likely result of a collision in a star is nothing: The particles (protons, which means the nuclei of hydrogen) come close to each other, repel each other, and fly apart again. With a probability of about 0.00000000000000000000000000002% the two protons fuse to form a deuterium nucleus (a heavier type of hydrog... | Physics |
Despite using different alphabets, why do English and Arabic both still use the same punctuation (periods, question marks, commas)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Each punctuation mark has its own history. The question mark, for instance, was introduced by an English transcriber. The period/full-stop was first used in ancient greek writings. Both took some time to be widely adopted. But in general, notations and even new letters that were useful to transcribers and readers were ... | Other |
why do some games tie physics to framerate? why does going over 60fps cause some games to bug out? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So the core of games tends to be an infinite loop that checks for changes to the game-state; so every "frame" you get is typically one loop of the game loop, and in each loop it does things like detecting collision and updating the position of things based on new inputs, existing velocity, etc. Depending on exactly how... | Technology |
Why does water expand during freezing, while most substances do the opposite? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's because of the shape of water molecules and the fact that they are polar. Water is polar, meaning the oxygen atom is negative one side (where the Oxygen atom is) and positive on the 2 ends where the Hydrogen atoms are. In its liquid state, the hydrogen atoms and the oxygen atoms attract and pull on each other, but... | Chemistry |
Why does the air quality seem to get better at night and worse during the day when the main contributor is wildfires? They don’t turn off at night. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The air is heavier when colder, meaning it often displaces a lot of the warmer smoke/air from a fire. When the air cools it typically also brings a rush of wind with it too (a cold front) which could help blow much of the smoke away. I've noticed the same thing with our big bushfires down here. Asked a couple of firefi... | Other |
How come some online retailers don't accept prepaid debit cards? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Fraud. Prepaid debit cards are involved in a lot of fraud cases. In general, retailers that participate in fraudulent transactions lose money on them. It's a tradeoff, you lose some legit transactions, on which you would have made money, and you avoid bad transactions, on which you would have lost money. Merchants cran... | Other |
Why shaking a lighter makes it work ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Depends also in the flint stone of the lighter . Sometimes it gets eaten up and you have to try harder to make a sparkle but even after you do that the liquid is in the bottom of the lighter so shaking it will turn it into gas and so it ignites | Chemistry |
how come when you take a room temperature soda, and pour it over ice, it goes nearly flat? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Firstly it is important to understand that cold liquids 'hold on to' dissolved gases better than warm ones. Bubbles form on uneven surfaces, ice is littered with uneven surfaces (suck on an ice cube and then poor a drink over it, it will fizz less). Combine a warm drink (which is rubbish at keeping gases dissolved in i... | Chemistry |
Why does video static make the video bitrate worse? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Imagine the video is of a plain blue screen with say a red ball moving across it , the data sent doesn't need to change to much except to change the next lot of pixels around the ball, now if it's say black and white static, all the little black and white specks need to be updated each data packet, also why Say at the ... | Technology |
Why do so many lottery winners end up broke? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Many lottery winners don't understand how to manage large sums of money, and don't realize how little large sounding numbers actually are. A $1 million prize paid over 20 years is just $50k per year, and that's before taxes on it. So they net about $30k a year, which is more like a nice raise at their job than a shift ... | Other |
How large does something have to be to have an atmosphere? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Essentially, everything has an atmosphere, even the tiniest rock in space, because an atmosphere is just a "cloud" of gas atoms that are attracted through the objects gravitational force. So, in order to have a bigger atmosphere, you've got to be bigger. I've read about tiny asteroids, that had a detectable atmosphere,... | Physics |
Why is that when my feet are cold, all of me is cold? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's like a balloon with a tiny hole in it, slowly all the air leaks out. Your hands and feet are generally the most exposed parts of your body. You usually don't wear gloves all the time, so your hands are used to the exposed temperature. However, you often wear socks, and your feet are used to that temperature, so wh... | Biology |
Why are the lower back muscles so much easier to hurt compared to other muscles in the body? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Every set of muscles has an opposite set to pull your skeleton back in place--biceps/triceps, quads/hamstring, etc. The opposite of your back is... your abs! I learned this the hard way when I pulled my back out lifting a dehumidifier. I was always a gym rat, weight training, etc., but the chiropractor sent me to Pilat... | Biology |
Why does a remote with a low battery work like new for a while after I smack it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Already been asked before but I’ll copy my answer here: Batteries work by electrons being stripped from a piece of metal with acid and pushed through a wire. When the metal is degraded too much, there’s no more electrons to strip off it and the battery no longer works. When you slap the remote the acid hits parts of th... | Technology |
how did they estimate in the first place how many calories our bodies consume with the different activities? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Whenever you burn calories you are consuming carbohydrates and oxygen to make carbon dioxide and water. So a simple way of calculating the rough amounts of calories you burn is to monitor the air you breathe out and measure the amount of carbon dioxide. This can be calibrated with similar long term studies using things... | Biology |
Why do dark colored paints make rooms look smaller in comparison to light colors? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The way I explain it to my clients is that literally everything about colour is dependent on lighting. Dark colours tend to absorb light which tricks your eyes into comprehending the space differently. Light colours will reflect the light around and seem brighter. If you want to use mainly darker colours just make sure... | Biology |
How does painless fatal injection work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's a drug cocktail, usually like three different chemicals. Basically, they are first rendering the person unconscious, then causing muscle paralysis and respiratory arrest, then the last drug is to stop the heart. It's supposed to be painless because the person is unconscious when the failure of the heart and lungs ... | Chemistry |
How much heat does a pre-heated oven lose when you open it up to put in the food? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | One factor not mentioned is that the sides, top, & bottom of the oven chamber, along with the rack or baking sheet you place the food atop, being solid metal will hardly give up much heat the time the door is opened to place something inside the oven. This is the purpose of preheating, for it takes longer to heat up th... | Chemistry |
Why do we have bad dreams? more specifically; bad recurring dreams? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Im by no means an expert but I learned about this in psychology. There is an idea that your amygdala is the part of the brain that controls fear and anxiety, not scientifically proven though but there is some evidence to support this. Anyway, if you look at cat scans of people sleeping this part of the brain is very ac... | Biology |
How do children's magnetic drawing tablets actually work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The Magna Doodle works by having cells filled with a white liquid and black magnetic particles. When you put a magnet on the clear plastic front it will attract the magnetic particles and make the screen black. Putting a maget on the back pulls the magnetic particles back making the screen white again. This is the basi... | Physics |
What makes something "biodegradable"? What are the conditions necessary for something to biodegrade? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | it needs to be edible to little tiny creatures. Foods biodegrade because yeast and fungus and other little beasts find it and eat it. they break it down and poop it out and if everything goes right give you really nice dirt with which to grow new foods that will also biodegrade. This is what a compost pile hopes to ach... | Chemistry |
How do erasable pens work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The ink doesn't "disintegrate" the ink but the heat from friction actually changes the chemical composition of the ink to make it transparent. Try erasing the ink first, then put it back in the freezer overnight - this will make the ink visible again (bit faded though), as the composition returns back to its original c... | Chemistry |
How does henna work? It’s on your skin for less than half an hour, how does the color stay for weeks? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's a dye and binds to proteins in the top layers of the skin, staying until the skin is shed. It's not particularly different than any other staining dye, and is left on long enough to pass deeper than just the top of the epidermis which is quickly shed so that is it more persistent. It is unlike a tattoo which pushe... | Chemistry |
Whaat physically changes in our brains when we learn something new? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Wow this is a tough on for eli5! I saw a programme on this not that long ago. What seems to happen is that in the areas responsible for what ever it is were learning, be it speech, music, etc, axons in the brain are branching making new connections. They are especially active when we're constantly repeating something. ... | Biology |
When a company approaches another company to acquire them do they speak with the shareholders or with the board of directors?? And how exactly does a hostile takeover happen if the majority of the owners don't wanna sell??? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They go to the Board of B and ask. If the Board says "No", then A might mount a "hostile takeover" by going to the stockholders of B to get them to sell all their shares to A. If A has enough shares, it replaces the board and, not surprisingly, the board says "Yes". | Economics |
How does LiDAR work, and how is it able to be so accurate? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Yes, there is something else going on. The LiDAR typically uses a technique called “optical heterodyne detection”, which allows for more precise time of flight measurements than a given clock speed would otherwise allow. Even with picosecond accuracy (one trillionth of a second!) Imagine you’re at a wave pool. The wave... | Physics |
Why is it that positive real numbers and zero have the property of being able to describe quantities, but other numbers do not? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You can make a coherent statement like that. It's unlikely that you will have a chance to, because there aren't many sandwiches that "burn" 5.3 grams of proteins in your body upon consumption. Amount of money, on the other hand, is more common to use negative numbers. "I have -200'000 dollars" is a very coherent senten... | Mathematics |
What's the difference between gasoline and diesel? Why is the other used over the other? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | **The Fuels** Both fuels are a mix of hydrocarbons, with diesel molecules having more carbon atoms on average. Gasoline behaves roughly like octane (8 carbon atoms) under combustion, hence the octane rating. Diesel behaves roughly like hexadecane (cetane, 16 carbon atoms), hence the cetane rating. The actual numbers of... | Chemistry |
If our planet is rotating and shooting through space, why do we see stars as dots of light instead of blurred lines across the sky? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because we are very slow compared how far away they are. Imgagine you drive a whooping 150 Miles per hour with your car. Far away objects like mountains still don't blurr because in relation to their size and distance you're still slow. Bushes on the roadside are a different story though. | Physics |
Why are all materials that are hard also brittle? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > Why haven't we made something that's both resistant to scratching AND shattering? Something composed entirely of strong rigid bonds ought to shatter because you only have two options, the rigid bond or a broken bond. So the bonds that remain in the shattered pieces of an object are still the rigid bonds of the exact ... | Chemistry |
What is the safest way to get rear-ended when you see it coming, but don't have time to move safely out of the way? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If you see it coming, and you 100% cannot avoid it, I would suggest letting off the brake so when you get hit, the transfer of energy and momentum is continuous into your vehicle. If theres room even, try to accelerate as much as possible. The force of the car hitting you will be lessened if your car is in motion as we... | Physics |
the reflection on highways we see from a distance that disappears as we approach that point? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Mirage explains part of it. The other is the angle of your vision to the highway. If your gaze is nearly parallel to a surface, even a non-reflective surface, that surface will begin to reflect light. You can test this by having just a regular metal ruler. It doesn't reflect light very well. Line the ruler up parallel ... | Physics |
Why does the sound/visual of water makes your urge to pee even worse? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Usually due to association. Pavlov did experiments where he would feed a dog and ring a bell. At first there was no correlation. However over time, Even when no food was served. A ringing bell would make the dog salivate in anticipation. When you pee you hear the splashing and see the liquid. You associate these things... | Biology |
how can there be voices in our head in situations like schizophrenia? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Just remember, anything that gets processed in the brain can get processed incorrectly. Something in your brain is tracking where your fingers are, and you can misplace them (mostly gently; i.e., you brush your own leg and don't realize it was yourself until you look). Something is tracking that the color of a ball is ... | Biology |
What is far infrared radiation and what are its benefits? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | As a first point, just because you find a "paper" on something, doesn't mean that it's "true". Scientific research is organic, and there will always be papers claiming opposites, and they may be just as legit. That's just how humans operate. Thus the only way to gauge whether a paper is legit or not is to read it thoro... | Physics |
Why does snow leave my car so dirty? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Are you talking about driving around in a place like New England during the winter? If so it's not the snow that makes your car dirty - its mostly the salt they lay down and some crud on the road. The road is wet and very briney during/after a snow storm in an area that salts because the salt melts the snow, so as you ... | Chemistry |
Why is it that so many people in the southern United States are so patriotic and all about America when the south wanted to secede from the union? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | From my experience it's about the flag representing freedom. Technically the civil war was about, in the south's mind, government overreach. The issue at heart was a racial one that they were on the wrong side of, but not being told what to do is at the core of southern identity, for better and worse. Not to mention, m... | Other |
What does a "double mickey mouse" in the artery mean? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's nothing scary or anything like that. When doing ultrasounds, a Mickey Mouse is a collection of veins and arteries that form the characteristic shape of Mickey's head and ears. A double Mickey is just two groups smooshed together, which doesn't happen often, and you have to get just the right angle to see it. The b... | Biology |
If anything is moving away with constant speed from each other, why distant objects appear faster? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In what context does that happen? If you stand and look at moving objects the closer they are the faster they appear because the angular size changes faster. Angular size there size in your field of view. The size of a object approximate half in size at twine the distance so something that move from 200m to 100m away g... | Physics |
Why is a band having three guitarists kind of controversial? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Typically, you've got your bassist, rhythm guitar, and lead guitar. That's the normal band guitar structure (although many bands only have one guitar). The rhythm guitar plays chords and riffs and all that, while the lead guitar plays leads, countermelodies, guitar solos, all that stuff. I don't really agree with peopl... | Other |
Why is it such a difficult task to locate and rescue a malfunctioning submarine at sea and why can't all the sailors escape safely via the torpedo tubes in pressure suits? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The ocean is *big*. Incredibly big. And huge swaths of the sea floor haven't been mapped. You're talking thousands upon thousands of square miles to look through, except you can't just look. You have to use sonar instead. Is that roundish bump that showed up on the sonar the nose of a submarine? Or is it just a roundis... | Technology |
I was just reading about modern submarines on Wikipedia such as the German type 212. Why are they capable of travelling faster submerged than surfaced? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are a few factors slowing down submarines on the surface. Water does have surface tension which makes it harder to push through it on the surface then under water. You also end up pushing water upwards into the air creating a bow wave which will push on your hull. This bow wave will not be the same under water. Y... | Physics |
How is the moon tidally locked with the orbit of earth? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The odds are actually really high, basically 100% if you give it enough time. Lots of moons are tidally locked. It’s not a random thing where the moon just happens to rotate as fast as it orbits, it was something that happened over millions of years and tends to happen to basically any objects in orbits. Gravity tends ... | Physics |
What is an area vector and why is it useful? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It basically tells you in which direction the area DOESN‘T expand. As a plane area is 2-dimensional you either need two directions to tell where the area is in 3-dimensional space. Or you tell one direction it doesn’t go, each direction that’s perpendicular to that one is inside the area. Short ELI5: it‘s useful for kn... | Mathematics |
Where does the "water" portion of beverages go when dumped down the drain? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It depends :) In a modern, civilised and industrialised region the water goes through pipes to a water treatment station. This water follows the same path as the water from the bathtub, kitchen sink or toilet. The treatment station tries to purify the water through several organic methods (plants, algae, etc..) and ino... | Chemistry |
Why do refrigerated canned beverages feel colder once you shake them? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well, one reason could be that you warm the liquid directly adjacent to your hand, then when you shake it you mix the liquid to expose different liquid to the surface you are heating. Just like how you flip the pillow to get the cold side. The pillow isn't any cooler, you're just now touching a cooler part of it. Excep... | Chemistry |
. When hooved animal's hooves are left untreated they over grow and become unhealthy. Does this happen in the wild? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Unlikely. A hooved animal in the wild gets to run around on dirt, rock and gravel, so that naturally wears down the hoof. A bit like how if your dog is outside a lot, you don't have to clip its nails nearly as much as an inside-only pet, because its claws get worn down by the patio, sidewalk, gravel etc. Those rescue p... | Biology |
How do game devs make money off of free games? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Micro transactions. The vary majority of games are free but charge you in small increments for things like skins in Mobas, that shiny OP weapon in mmo's to 'energy' on mobile games. And that 1-5$ pretty transaction may not sounds like much, but you get a few million willing to pay it and it adds up fast! | Economics |
How do iodine tablets purify water in a safe way for people to drink? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Iodine, chlorine dioxide and bleach is strong oxidizing agents. If you add them to water they increase the pH and will dissolve the cell walls of any bacteria , parasites and virus. Your cells will be attacked in the same way but while the bacteria in the water is exposed for theirty minutes your cells will only get ex... | Chemistry |
How is it possible for a 700 trillion dollar derivitive bubble to exist? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You and I make a $100 bet on the Super Bowl. I make a smaller side bet with Joe in the opposite direction so, if I lose our bet, I don't lose so much, Joe does the same thing with John. John borrowed the money for the bet with Joe and the bank where he borrowed it took out insurance on the loan to John. The insurance c... | Economics |
How is it that the US pay more taxes towards healthcare than most countries with universal healthcare, but majority of the citizens don't receive the benefits? Where does all of the tax money go? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | One major factor in the UK's health system being relatively [cost-efficient per capita]( URL_0 ) compared to the rest of the world is that NHS attempts to standardize purchase costs for medical items across all their hospitals, with the overall volume of orders being so large that there is significant leverage availabl... | Economics |
Why do commercials for prescription medications exist? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | US resident physician here. I sometimes see ads for drugs I haven't heard of, and I will google them to see how they work. That ad effectively just made a potential prescriber to look up their product. It might be that a patient comes in asking about the drug, and I say "I'm not very familiar with this drug, but I will... | Other |
Why are subjects illuminated by blue light so hard to show on TV? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When a digital camera sensor picks up light that has a very bright color or overall light it can clip at the top. Basically the blue is so much brighter than everything else that the camera can't tell the different intensities of blue anymore so it records them at maximum brightness. This gives an area of full bright b... | Technology |
If Bell Pepper (242.5 mg) have higher Vitamin C content than Orange (53.2 mg) then why did James Lind preferred Orange in curing Scurvy back then? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They may not have known about the high levels of vitamin C back then... they just knew it had to do with citrus. Also, oranges are much heartier at room temp. A pepper will only last a couple days, while oranges can last for weeks/months, and that’s clearly beneficial on long sea voyages. | Biology |
How did people talk to people on different continents back when we only had land lines? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are lots of physical telephone cables under the Atlantic and elsewhere. These trace their history back to underwater telegraph cables that were laid in Victorian times. [Map of Atlantic cables 1858]( URL_0 ) The British Empire worldwide was similarly connected in this era. More recently (post WW2) saw the develop... | Technology |
what are the differences between an exempt and non exempt salary employee? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Exempt employees are "exempt" from overtime pay. That means you are not required to be paid overtime, ever. Exempt employees are generally white collar workers in management or professional (usually educated) positions and almost always paid on salary basis. If your position is primarily management and you're salaried,... | Other |
Why do soap operas look differently than any other TV show? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Frame rate Films and most TV shows are filmed on... film. You'd get 24fps from them Soap operas are usually cheaply made, so they don't bother with film, they record directly to video (a video tape, or digital video). You can get frame rates of up to 50 or 60fps usually | Technology |
Why do people hallucinate when they have fevers (for extended periods of time)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Not a doctor/biologist, but from what I understand, fevers are caused by your body essentially heating itself up, hoping to kill any intruders. However, the body cannot selectively heat itself up (as in heat only the heart, or the arms, etc.), and your brain heats up too. In the brain, there are a lot of complex proces... | Biology |
Can someone explain The Standard Model Lagrangian equation? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's an equation which contains all the fundamental fields in the Standard Model and their various interactions. For example, A is the photon field, W is the W-boson field, Z is the Z-boson field, the fields labelled by g are the gluon fields, fields labelled by q are the quark fields, e is the electron field, the fiel... | Physics |
How were computers powerful enough to send people to the moon, with just a few kilohertz and kilobytes? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The code was ultra-stripped-down, with as much work as possible done beforehand, so that it only had to do a minimum of calculation...and still, in some situations, the computer couldn't do things fast enough. Why is modern software so much heavier? * It has a user interface. The Apollo computer would give messages lik... | Technology |
How can scientist determine what things are made of on different planets or moons? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | imagine you drop a ball. ball 1 hits wood, ball 2 hits carpet, ball 3 hits metal. you'll notice when you do this, each ball bounces to a different height. If you couldnt see the floor but only know the height the ball bounces you could reasonably guess what kind of floor it hit. Now instead of a ball, they use light. W... | Chemistry |
Why does marijuana seem to increase the efficacy / potency of other drugs? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's not anything about marijuana per se, but the best answer I can give you is mixing stimuli that act on different neurotransmitters can have compounding effects, like serotonin syndrome, or like the famous DJ screw who died from mixing cocaine, alcohol, and codeine cough syrup. Marijuana in particular affects your d... | Chemistry |
what is the meaning of true positve ,true negative ,false positive and false negative? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | AFAIK, First value: observed, Second: expected PS: thanks /u/schnutzel 1. True positive: Expected to be true, and was true. 2. True negative: Expected to be false, but was false. 3. False positive: Expected to be true, but was false. 4. False negative: Expected to be false, and was true. For example, the term 'false po... | Mathematics |
Why does battery powered electronics (such as a remote or an electrical toothbrush) lose power as the battery is weakened and not work at full power till the battery is dead? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A battery's voltage decreases as it is drained of energy. Think of voltage (electrical potential) as water pressure. You hang up a bucket of water and open a hole on the bottom to shower. The water pressure at the start is strong from the weight of water pressing down. However, as the water drains, the pressure weakens... | Technology |
What is refeeding syndrome and why is it so dangerous for malnourished/starved people? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's a pretty complicated process that relates to electrolytes and hormones in the body. We need to have a supply of potassium, magnesium and phosphorus for proper functioning of the heart. When you're starving, your body gets far more efficient at using energy than it normally is. It reduces production of insulin, too... | Biology |
if something is freeze dried can it melt? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Freeze drying refers to the process of extracting the water from something by freezing it, then lowering the air pressure so that the ice formed by the water sublimates (goes directly from solid to gas). The end product is extremely dry, but can be rehydrated. Many backpacking/camping meals are freeze dried, as removin... | Chemistry |
How has Uber been able to sustain itself for so long without having a single profitable year? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Investors keep giving Uber money. So long as you have people willing to give you money (in the form of loans or investments for ownership) you can keep running at a loss for as long as the money holds out. Investors believe that Uber will _become_ profitable in the future, so they are willing to keep investing to help ... | Economics |
Why do multi-billion dollar companies reach their limit within days of a lockdown to a point where government needs to bail them out? Do they not save money for rainy days ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | in business sense, money "saved" in the bank account is stale money that isn't making profit. businesses aim to have a streamlined financial situation. moreover, the owners and investors PUSH public companies not to have stale money. investors want the company to get more profit, not sit on a million in cash in the ban... | Economics |
why is cooked fish "flaky" and layered compared to beef, poultry, pork, mutton, etc? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Muscles, aka meat, contract. That's what they do. They can't exactly bend on their own. Most animals we eat move by contracting muscles: think what happens when you bend your forearm:your biceps contracts and pulls your forearm closer to your upper arm. Fish, on the other hand, move by wiggling their whole bodies. To i... | Biology |
Why does government spending stimulate the economy? Where is that money coming from? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Imagine you are making $300 a month. You'd be pretty poor, need a few roommates, eating rice and dried beans a lot, walking everywhere. Now imagine VISA sends you a credit card with no limit. You go buy a car, move into a luxury condo, eat at fancy restaurants every day, and when the bill comes, you just take a cash ad... | Economics |
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