question stringlengths 0 2.44k | prompt listlengths 1 1 | ground_truth stringlengths 0 8.31k | category stringclasses 12
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Does using prescription acne cream as a teen cause wrinkles later in life? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Prescription acne cream not only has no links to causing wrinkles later in life (when used as a teen), but is actually used as an anti-aging prescription. That said, acne medication (prescription and non-prescription) tends to leave your face more vulnerable to UV rays, which in turn can lead to the development of wrin... | Biology |
why do lips get chapped in cold weather compared to hot? Doesn’t the hot air absorb the moisture more? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Hot air does make moisture move more, but that also includes nearby water sources, making the air more humid. The higher water content of the warm air doesn't suck from your lips as much as the very dry cold air. Plus, when it's warmer, you're sweating more, applying moisture more directly. | Biology |
Why do so many businesses keep their lights on all night? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | That is a very interesting question, I have often wondered this myself when seeing the computer screens and lights being left on at school and at work. A quick google searched led me to this: [ELI5]( URL_0 ) [Quora]( URL_1 ) Seems that it has to do with: * laziness * burglary prevention ("discourage intruders") * there... | Economics |
How do antidotes stop poisons from working? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It depends on the poison and antidote, but some work by directly disabling the poison itself. The toxin might be a chemical that binds to specific receptors within the body and the antidote binds to the toxin instead, filling up all the available binding locations rendering it inert. Or the antidote might work the othe... | Chemistry |
What's actually happening in a freshly poured Guinness that makes it look like the bubbles flow downwards? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's because the bubbles on the outside of the glass stick to the glass and rise slowly due to friction. Bubbles in the middle can go up unimpeded. That happens with all beer. Why is Guinness (and Boddington's) special? Instead of CO2, if you charge a beer with nitrogen the bubbles are so small and plentiful that this ... | Chemistry |
what was the vietnam american war about and who won? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The Cold War was between the Soviet Bloc/Warsaw Pact countries and the US/NATO countries. But because these two alliances were so powerful and had such large nuclear arsenals, they couldn't have an open, big, World War-style war because it would have probably meant the destruction of the planet. However, they still wan... | Other |
Why do CG movies like Coco only get 2K upscaled releases on 4K Blu Ray? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You can't "just export it". It's a massive undertaking. I found a quote that for Monsters University, the rendering time was 29 hours per frame. This is of course massively parallelized, so rather than working a frame at a time, they're going to do say, 5000 frames at once by dedicating a lot of hardware to it, and fin... | Technology |
Why do foods so often use artificial flavoring to replicate the taste of something, rather than just using the original thing to flavor it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | there are two key reasons why this is done. First is simple cost because the flavour comes from something that is expensive so to cut down on the cost they make an artificial alternative. The second is spoilage if they were to use the actual ingredient then the product would have a much shorter shelf life. Using the ar... | Chemistry |
How is nitrogen able to suffocate people in large amounts? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It displaces oxygen and doesn't trigger any signs of suffocation that people normally associate with it. Pure nitrogen will still allow co2 to leave the blood but there will be no oxygen available. Eventually you would pass out and die from lack of oxygen and no idea that it was happening. | Chemistry |
Why do so many old songs have instruments/vocals that sound only through one ear? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Stereo was invented (or came into common usage) in the 60s and, whenever something new is invented, we like to experiment with it. This, plus all the psychadelic vibe in the 60s, resulted in some very bizarre combos. Over the years, we've perfected the art to something more balanced (or dull, depends on your opinion). ... | Technology |
Why is it bad to workout when you're sick? What does your body do in reaction to make it so detrimental? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When you are sick your body is in an inflammatory state and is working hard to heal your body. Exercise also creates inflammation which is a good thing, that's how your body adapts to make you faster, stronger and fitter but it can also add to the already inflammatory state you are in. Also a hard work-out can redirect... | Biology |
Why does an excess of grease make you feel sick? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your stomach contains acids and enzymes. Acids aren't very good at dissolving greases, bases are much better at it, but your stomach is acidic, not basic. Eating a lot of grease fills up your stomach with something that it can't easily digest, and as a defense mechanism you'll feel nauseated so you eject it from your s... | Biology |
When falling from height - even in a computer game, or going over a steep hill fast in a car, what is that feeling in the stomach and brain? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The brain perceives the body is falling either due to seeing the fall (as in a video game), or the sudden change in position of the body sensed by the inner ear (as in the case of going over a steep hill in a fast car). Due to this sudden apparent change, the brain tenses up the body in order to prepare you to catch yo... | Biology |
How is a molecular clock calculated? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | To calibrate a molecular clock, you need something that's known and dated, like a fossil from the specific species in question. Then, once the rate of mutation is determined, you can calculate the divergence of species, although it's not always that easy, because mutation rates can fluctuate which leads to some degree ... | Biology |
Light is the fastest thing in the universe but WHY does light travel/move at all? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The exact answer to this question is actually pretty complicated, depending on how precise of an answer you want, and we have to have some understanding of field theories (either classical or quantum). Depending on which theory you are looking at, light travels through either an electromagnetic field or what's known as... | Physics |
How are rechargeable batteries different from regular ones? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Batteries normally store their power through chemical energy. When power is drawn from them, a chemical is broken down that produces the electricity needed for whatever the battery is powering. However, the reaction cannot go on forever, turning whatever chemical is in your battery from one chemical into it's base elem... | Technology |
Is there something about getting older that changes your mood? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I'll speculate on a few reasons based on observations of older people I know 1) lack of good sound sleep. Some older people get up several times a night to use the bathroom. This disrupts sound sleep. Also you lose melatonin or perhaps it is the ability to produce the same amount of melatonin which aids in sleep. 2) mo... | Biology |
why is it that a lot of soft drink inventors were pharmacists? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Depends a bit where you are from, but generally speaking it was pharmacists selling carbonated mineral water. They probably thought it was a bit plain and added different things for health benefits (herbs) or for taste to add to resell value, and all of a sudden you had flavoured carbonated water, which is what most so... | Chemistry |
Is it possible to explain in layman's terms how ATP works as the energy currency of cells? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | your mitochondria uses energy it gets from allowing protons to flow with their concentration to force phosphate groups onto ADP molecules. These bonds do not *want* to be made, so they have energy because it took energy to create them. This is potential energy , like when you lift something heavy. This energy can be us... | Biology |
So, every star and or light we see with our naked eye in the night sky is/was a sun with orbiting planets? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Not every single one, but the vast majority. Some are planets in our solar system, some are other solar system bodies like asteroids or comets, or even satellites we put up. A rare few are actually galaxies that are bright enough or near enough to be visible. Also not every star has planets, but we're learning now that... | Physics |
How does the value-added tax work and how is it different from what the US does? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A value-added tax is like a sales tax, except the seller gets to deduct the cost of their own purchase from it. For example, let's say you make widgets out of plastic: with a sales tax, you pay tax on the purchase of the plastic, and the person that purchases from you pays tax on the purchase of the widgets. You take a... | Economics |
How does a natural food like honey never expire, unlike other natural foods like fruits or vegetables? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's not necessarily that honey is natural and fruit are unnatural. It has more to do with the moisture content. Food goes bad when bacteria starts growing in the food and begins to leave behind nasty byproducts that make the food inedible. This is normally fueled by the presence of water Sunlight is another way that f... | Chemistry |
Why are bugs attracted to light? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | At nighttime, Moths and such are drawn to it because they are genetically programmed to navigate by the moon. Man made light has only been around for a couple hundred of the millions of years that keeping the only source of light over their shoulder has been working for them. They insist on trying (it's all they've kno... | Biology |
Why are non-driver car seats faced forward? Doesn't it make more sense for them to be faced backward, since the back of the seat would cushion you better in the event of a crash than a seatbelt? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Not all crashes happen from the front, sometimes people are hit from the rear as well. More to the point though the vast majority of the time people are not going to be in crashes and having people facing forward is a far more comfortable riding position. A car which is slightly safer in a collision but makes all the p... | Other |
How my 8GB RAM can run files and games as large as 50GB? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Not all of the program is loaded into RAM at once. Only portions are loaded as needed from the disk. It is also possible to define portions of the disk as as being "virtual memory" where it is treated as if it was real RAM but is actually on the much slower disk drive. | Technology |
Where is lightning made? Are they created in the atmosphere and it looks like they're coming from clouds or do the clouds create them? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Lighting is usually created in the clouds. As the wind blows droplets around inside the clouds, static charge builds up. It's just like shuffling on carpet in your socks, only much much larger. As the charge builds it will start to ionize the air (break down some of the molecules and make it conductive). Eventually one... | Other |
If x amount of money were introduced (discretly, with no one noticing) to the market, how does the market "know" that that amount of money has been introduced (thus adjusting prices)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It only "knows" when the money is spent. Imagine a really simple economy - Alice, Bob and Chuck. Alice bakes two loaves of bread every day, and Bob and Chuck both earn $1 per day, which they each use to buy a loaf of bread. Now, one day (as if by magic) Bob and Chuck both get $2 per day instead of one. Bob gets to Alic... | Economics |
How do you distinguish artificial diamonds from natural? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You don't. The literal only difference between the two is that, by law, artificial diamonds have to have "lab made" engraved on the stone (usually on the girdle). Usually lab-made stones are better in terms of clarity and color, are larger, have more fire, and are all-around better than mined stones. | Chemistry |
Why is dimethylmercury so toxic? Can you be cured from mercury poisoning? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So usually, your body has a hard time holding on to metals. You're made of organic compounds which basically interact in a mechanical fashion. Metals are basically little ball bearings that would much rather stick to each other. If you drink a shot glass of mercury, pretty much the exact same amount of mercury is going... | Chemistry |
Why do people sometimes start crying whenever they have really big coughing fits? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Coughing is essentially very dynamic form of breathing out. Tear ducts are connected with nasal cave. It is possible, with extra force, to push out some air via this route. Coughing, especially violent, when you totally loose any breathing rhytm and might end up with closing mouth while coughing out, certainly counts a... | Biology |
Why is it so difficult for companies to sue Chinese companies for copyright/trademark infringement? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The chineese court system simply does not care about copyright claims. This is similar to how the American court system handled the matter a hundred years ago. So any lawsuit in the chineese courts regarding copyright will often get dismissed, especially if it is a foreign company suing a domestic company for copyright... | Other |
What is net worth and how is that determined? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Net worth is your assets (cash, stocks, property you own, etc.) minus liabilities (things that cost you money or you’re still paying for). Example: if you have $1k in the bank, a car worth $5000, and no debt, your net worth is $6k. But let’s say you owe still owe $10k on a car loan...then your net worth is -$4k. | Economics |
What does i, imaginary number, mean in math? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > But what about i, how can a number be imaginary? & #x200B; Don't get hung up on the name, *i* is no more "imaginary" in the colloquial sense (meaning made up and not "real") than 1 or 2 are. i is simply the number where: *i*^(2)=-1 & #x200B; > Whats the purpose of it? Well, it doesn't really need a purpose. It's just... | Mathematics |
What is counting cards and how do casinos know that someone is doing it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Counting cards just means keeping track of what cards have been played and what cards still remain in the game of blackjack. If you keep a running count, you can actually increase the odds of you beating the dealer to over 50% - which is something that casinos actively try to avoid. Casinos combat this by using multipl... | Mathematics |
Does the moons orbit around earth, earth around the sun and the sun around the milky way galaxy use the same orbital mechanic? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Yup! It's all about motion and gravity just on different scales. Also fun to think about, in all of these cases the "point" the orbit is centered around is not the center of the object we think of as being the center, but someone between the center of the two objects, as even the smaller object pulls in the larger one,... | Physics |
How does tax evasion by large multinationals work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Take a coffee company who buys coffee in country A then it is placed into a small bags in country B and then sold in country C. Now any profits the company makes can be taxed in country A, B or C, now for most companies this would normally be country C, however if the company sets up sub divisions of its company in cou... | Economics |
Tesla is considering going private, and allowing shareholders to keep their shares if they do. How does this work, and what's the difference between staying public and going private? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Shares in a publicly traded company can be purchased by anyone. If a person is looking to sell, they list their shares on an exchange, and whoever matches their price first gets to buy the shares. You have no control over who owns your stock. A private corporation can have whatever rules they want for who can own stock... | Economics |
why is the 'single ancestor' theory so well accepted? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | 1. All life on Earth shares common biochemistry. Everything has either RNA or DNA (which are related to one another). 2. The way that genetic code is translated into proteins is almost identical for all life on Earth. 3. Seemingly-unrelated species have "neutral" features (things that confer no survival advantage) in c... | Biology |
How do non profit organizations work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Non-profits operate just like regular companies, they just aren't for the personal gain of a group of shareholders. They still bring money in, have expenses, and have a surplus or deficit at the end of the year. Just like regular companies, there are accounting and tax rules for non-profits. So if a billionaire donates... | Economics |
In C#, why is the ‘float’ type only accurate to 7 digits? Why do you have to put an ‘F’ at the end of the value? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The standard format for floating point numbers is IEEE 754. For a 32-bit float (as opposed to a 64-bit double), this would mean 1 bit for the sign, 8 bits for an exponent and the remaining 23 bits for the mantissa. 23 bits of mantissa can represent a range of values from 0 to 2^23 (8,388,608). Those are your 7 digits r... | Technology |
what does the 2 minutes to midnight on the doomsday clock mean ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Its suppose to represent the threat of human annihilation (nuclear war) based on geopolitical unrest. It’s no more than someone’s opinion. The sad part is they have to keep moving it closer to zero to stay relevant. I’m not sure what they are going to do when they get under 1. Start using seconds instead of minutes? | Other |
why do some shirts seem to shrink horizontally when washed and dried, whereas others seem to shrink vertically? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | not entirely sure from this, can't see the shirts, but have seen similar situations. some fabrics, especially knits but also others, have a direction to them, the fabric is made in a way that the way the fibers are put together is not identical in all directions, like vertical vs horizontal, these tend to also stretch ... | Chemistry |
Does a short-sighted person have 20/20 vision when looking at something up close (without glasses)? How does one measure this? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | 20/20 vision is a term used to explain how well you can see something at a distance. The first "20" means you can see something clearly at twenty feet. The second "20" is the distance that someone without bad eyes would see it at. So with 20/20 vision, you can see something that is twenty feet away perfectly clearly, w... | Biology |
If the civil war was about slavery, then why did the amendment banning slavery not just make the south become it’s own slaving nation? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | That's what the southern states did, they split away from the United States and attempted to become their own country were slavery was permitted. Also, I think you misunderstood a key point in the movie. Nobody believed that ending slavery would end the war, but the opposite. In the movie, one key dilemma that Lincoln ... | Other |
Why does hot water feel hotter when moving your submerged hand through it, rather than holding it still? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because there are tiny hairs and imperfections on your skin that trap air. This helps insulate your hand ever so slightly. When you move your hand it helps dislodge that air and now the water is touching more of your hand and water transmits heat better than air. Second, when you put your hand in the water the water cl... | Physics |
How can audits and tax investigations go on for years or be dragged out with no conclusion? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Have you ever been reading a big novel, like any of the Game of Thrones books, and just stopped for the night because you got tired? Or it was past your bedtime? How about because you got bored, and then the next time you pick up the book you have to go back a few pages and re-read a section because you missed a key pa... | Economics |
Are there massive objects made of minerals that would be like stone suns? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well, there are big, rocky planets. If you get a ball of material that's around 1/10 the mass of the Sun, the gravitational crush at the center will be intense enough to fuse hydrogen and your ball will want to turn into a star itself. If the whole ball is made of stable elements like iron that don't want to fuse, then... | Physics |
Why does mint make everything feel cold? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Mint contains menthol. Menthol is a compound which triggers a protein responsible for signaling the sensation of coldness to the brain. Basically, it tricks your body into thinking it’s cold in the same way capsaicin tricks your body into thinking its hot. These proteins are meant to react to temperature, triggering si... | Other |
- What is a "watershed moment"? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Picture a hill near river. As rain comes towards the hill on the opposite side from the river it flows off but at some point the water hits the ridge of the hill and starts flowing towards the river all the area of the hill water flows into the river is a watershed. It sheds water into the river. A watershed moment is ... | Other |
Why are grease stains so hard to remove from clothing? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Grease repels water, which is one of it's usages. A washing machine uses water and water soluble detergents to clean your clothes. As the grease repels water, the water (and therefore the detergent) can't get in to do it's stuff. It's like trying to wash your hands while you're wearing latex gloves. The water and soap ... | Chemistry |
Is poverty a necessary aspect of capitalism? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | No it is not. A natural outgrowth of capitalism is income inequality, but poverty is not a requirement. It is theoretically possible for a capitalist system to reach a level where the lowest of the low are not in poverty but merely at the bottom of the scale. Of course all that theoretical stuff is not super useful in ... | Economics |
How is data transmitted through cables? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Depends on what kind of data and cable! There are many protocols but I guess the general concept is pretty much that one device controls whether there is a voltage or not (if it’s digital) and another device can detect it. There are some protocols (like hobby RC servo signals) that measure how long the voltage is high ... | Technology |
How do doctors scan for allergies? Like the specific what are they looking for in the body and how. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When I took an allergy test as a child they had a bunch of what looked like needles that had different common allergens on the end. They basically touched the needles to my skin and waited. After a few minutes if the area on the skin reacted,by turning red/swollen like a bug bite then that would be an indicator that yo... | Biology |
what exactly is different in the muscles of gifted strenght athletes? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | While one certainly can have big muscles without strength, I would say it’s probably down to technique and timing through repetition in training. But if you are talking about only 1 rep max it’s most likely technique. Other factors are recovery time or strength in small muscles in static hangs etc. | Biology |
How do they replicate scents for scented candles? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | they aren't replicating a meadow, that's just the name they chose to describe a propietary scent. people been maunfacturing scented candles for millenia. even when it's a simple mix of recognizeable parts like peppermint/lemon/whatever, the overall combination would likely be dubbed something more clever or convenient ... | Chemistry |
How do binary systems (pcs etc.) handle decimal points ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are two possible interpretations of your question: A ) How do non decimal bases represent a decimal point (I.e what is "a half" in binary") B ) How to computers (or other systems that use binary or have a fixed number representation) represent fractions? I'll answer both. A : The 'decimal point' is not something ... | Mathematics |
How do composite fractions like f(g(x)) work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Do you mean functions? You put a number into g, and get a number out. You use this output of g as an input of f, and get a number out from f. That's all a composite function does at the most general level. Some things you have to be careful about is that because you have to put inputs into g, the number you use has to ... | Mathematics |
How does the luxury tax work in the NBA? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The NBA has a "soft cap", versus the "hard cap" that the NFL and NHL have, and MLB has no cap (though they do have luxury tax, I think). A **hard cap** means that there's a strict limit on how much a team can spend, and teams can distribute that money however they want. In contrast, the NBA has two levels, the **soft c... | Economics |
When investing in a mutual fund for retirement, where does the wealth come from? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > where does the wealth come from? The companies the fund invests in become more profitable over time, producing greater profits that pay out greater dividends to shareholders, increasing the value of the equity you hold via the mutual fund. > am I just making others poorer No. The return you get is a portion of the in... | Economics |
how can lonely cloud survive in a crystal clear sky? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In the absence of winds in the atmosphere, the "lonely cloud" would certainly dissipate. However, the rotation of the Earth and the different gradients of heating (of the soil and water) that the Sun causes, result in the atmosphere having currents of wind, and areas of higher and lower pressure and temperature. Water ... | Other |
Why do people who are very rich able to get away with not paying their taxes? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because they can afford to exploit loopholes in laws to put their money in tax havens or other tricks and hire investment experts and lawyers to help them figure out all the details to make that work. Also many are tied in with lobbyists that influence the government to set regulations and laws that favor them and crea... | Economics |
Why does you breath get all nasty overnight after you brushed your teeth and made it smell all nice? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Bacteria are responsible for causing bad breath, and they thrive all over the mouth, but mostly on the tongue. The tongue is warm and has many more nooks and crannies on its surface for bacteria to hide than your teeth do. These bacteria reproduce all day, and when you brush your teeth, spit, talk, eat, or swallow, you... | Biology |
If all motion, specifically velocity, is relative, then wouldn’t all temperatures also be relative? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Nope. For motion, it's hopeless to judge if something is stationary - we can only tell if it's stationary in our reference frame, so it's appropriate to call motion relative. But temperature is a measure of thermal vibration. In any reference frame, you can measure that and you could tell if it were zero. (It can't *be... | Physics |
How do astrophysicists develop concrete theories about the universe through math (or whatever the hell it is they do)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | 1) Look at the universe. 2) Make a model (usually involving some math) that accurately matches what they see. 3) Look at the model and basically say, "If this model is correct, what else should be out there?" 4) Go look for that other stuff. If you find it, celebrate, publish 1-40 papers, and gain some confidence that ... | Physics |
What is a mormon and why are people so relieved when they stop being so? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | On r/exmormon you see a lot of the relief coming from no longer viewing sex as evil, being free to drink coffee or even alcohol, wear clothing that isn't totally conservative, not have to donate time and money to the church, etc. The weird little thing that tickles me is women being excited about their "porn shoulders"... | Other |
why the resignation of Michael Flynn is such a big deal? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | He may have committed a felony by contacting Russia as a private citizen for the purpose of undermining official diplomacy efforts (specifically, he is believed to have told them that the sanctions Obama was putting in place would not be upheld by Trump). He might have gotten away with that, but he followed up by lying... | Other |
How does HEX color code works? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Hex code are 6 characters, like so: FFFFFF Each group of 2 represents a colour, either red, green or blue and range from 0 to 255 in value (00 to FF). So say we want to have bright yellow, we would it code it like this: FFFF00 which would represent the RGB value 255,255,0. It is also possible to have an 8 character hex... | Technology |
Why is it not more secure to hash password multiple times? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The golden standard of password hashing is that there must be: 1) Significant time and effort spent on making a single guess 2) It not be practical for effort spent cracking one password be usable for cracking another 3) (Variant of 2 really) Doing work ahead of time doesn't help you Security by obscurity is not securi... | Technology |
How is the music industry dying but at the same time artists like Drake, Taylor Swift, J Cole etc. are racking in millions? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's not dying, it's just changing. Music as an industry will always exist because people will always want to be entertained. Artists no longer make most of their money from physical album sales, but instead will sell the album online for $0.99/track. Same ultimate endpoint, just a different way of getting there to sta... | Economics |
Why do people in regions less exposed to sunshine have lighter skin? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Humans need sunlight to manufacture most of our Vitamin D. Evolution tries to balance that out with UV protection. Too dark and you don't get enough Vitamin D and die. Too light and you get skin cancer and die. Over time, various populations in different climates trended toward whatever balance best fits that climate. ... | Biology |
Why do you need prescription lenses for VR? If you wear glasses but can see anything close to you clearly, would you still need them? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The VR headsets does have lenses in them making the screen look like it is much further away then it actually is. Howver if you have a perscription then these lenses will overcorrect for you. You therefore have to wear glasses in order to get the focus point back to where it should be. | Technology |
Why are PC games released late? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Sometimes this is because the studio developing the game has singed an exclusivity agreement with that console's marketing department. Often times these agreements have some sort of expiration date after which they can release the game on other systems. There are pretty much never such agreements for a PC game, which m... | Other |
Why are most commercial solar panels only 25 % efficient? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Photovoltaic solar panels *in general* have an efficiency limit of about 33%, enforced by physics and how electricity behaves, and is known as the Shockley-Queisser Limit. There have been efforts to go beyond that limit using things like lenses and mirrors to focus sunlight, but even then the world record of efficiency... | Technology |
In the USA, why is the federal government seizing PPE/safety mask orders to hospitals? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | One of the problems that has shown up in the coronavirus response is that there is a limited amount of medical equipment available and it simply isn't possible to increase the rate at which it is being produced. This is problematic because wealth is not divided evenly across the US. California is, by far, the wealthies... | Economics |
year-old who happens to do his own taxes: how do governments efficiently detect tax evasion without doing everyone's taxes for them? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They do it efficiently by not trying to get 100% of all tax evaders, just like most stores don’t try to get 100% of shoplifters and other theft (otherwise everyone would be searched as they leave the store). They rely on computer analyses to understand what reasonable and common numbers are. A business whose expenses a... | Economics |
What would happen in the minutes, hours, and days following a nuclear attack? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | That depends on so many factors. It would take over 20 minutes before the first warnings to the first bomb lands. In addition it would require some checking and double checking to make sure this was a real attack. There would be no time to evacuate but citizens would be asked to take cover as best they could. There is ... | Physics |
In statistics, what is simpson's paradox? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Imagine that you want to know if the average daily temperature increases, decreases, or stays the same over a six-day period. You start by measuring an average daily temperature for all six days. You also decide to divide the six-day interval into two three-day periods of data collection. Let’s say that you find that t... | Mathematics |
Why do games go crazy when alt-tabbing? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You have your in-game settings configured for Full Screen, which means your video card is only rendering the game and is no longer rendering anything on your desktop for that screen. When you alt-tab in full screen mode, the video card has to drop rendering for the game and switch to rendering the desktop again, which ... | Technology |
Where does the heat energy produced by humans go? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A lot of it gets radiated back into space. Everything that has temperature emits light. Most things that we think of giving off heat are emitting light in the infrared spectrum. That light does its best to make it back into space This is actually why greenhouse gasses are such a concern. They are an issue explicitly be... | Physics |
How much money do Jewelers make knowing they have to stock their entire store with gold and diamonds? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The rule in the jewelry business is "triple key", meaning if the wholesale price is $1000 the jeweler will usually start the price at $3000. This helps deal with the extra costs of running a jewelry store, which are quite high. This may sound like a large markup, but consider most retail markups are 5x or higher compar... | Economics |
Why are navy, khanki and dark brown considered to go with almost anything in fashion, but mint green, dark purple or burgundy aren't? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | That is a culturally subjective observation. Depending on the culture, some of these colors might not even exists as clothing, for example certain African tribes. Simply put, color palettes are cultural, therefore why certain color combinations are more appealing than others is dependent on the societal and individual ... | Other |
How and Why does a magnetic field exist? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are a large number of forces that don't require touching. For instance gravity. Objects get pulled towards each other based on their mass. There is another force called the electric force. Objects with a negative charge repel other objects with a negative charge and attract objects with a positive charge. The rea... | Physics |
Why does hard plastic turn white when you bend it regardless of the colour ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | [Also from thread of same title]( URL_0 ) > From thread with the same title > It is due to what is known as "stress induced crystallization". As mentioned before, many polymers are semi-crystalline, containing both crystalline and amorphous (non-ordered, think spaghetti) regions. When the crystalline region size is on ... | Other |
Why are oceans affected by the moon’s pull, but other bodies of water like lakes are not? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well, the short answer is that they are- the impact is so small however that it's basically insignificant. This is largely due to the enormous difference in size between oceans/lakes. Edit: I believe the great lakes have measurable tidal changes.. but we're talking literal centimeters. You'd never be aware if you weren... | Other |
Why is ice often associated with slowness in games? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I'm guessing you've never been somewhere cold. Yes, becoming cold can make you lethargic. Your body is using energy to try and heat itself so you can become exhausted just trying to walk while very cold. Not to mention colds impact on circulation which can make it hard to use your limbs and slow you. The effects of hyp... | Other |
what is the difference between black tea flavours? the ingredients just say "100% ceylon tea" | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Everything about a tea can effect its flavor. What varietal it is, where it is grown, how it is grown, what's in the soil, what fertilizers or pesticides are used, when it is picked, how it is picked, how much it is oxidized, how the oxidation was stopped, how it is dried, how it is processed and how it is packaged. An... | Chemistry |
Why are robin eggs blue? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Colorful eggs evolved as a strategy to fight *parasitic brooders*. Those are birds - at least in this context, there are other animals that do it, but we're talking about birds - that lay their eggs in another bird's nest, alongside the nest-builder's eggs. The parasitic brooder gets free parenting! Their young get fed... | Biology |
What is the difference between an associate degree, a bachelor's degree, a master's degree, and a doctoral degree? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Years of college mainly, and doing a dissertation for the doctoral. An associates degree is typically 2 years of college. A bachelors degree is typically 4 years of college. A masters degree is around 6 years of college. To get a doctoral you need to go past your masters and I think do some more classes then do a disse... | Other |
On a racing circuit, is the purpose of the rumble strips to slow down the car? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The rumble strips are used to define the outside of the corners. Taking a wide line into a corner is often the fastest way to take that corner (called the racing line). The rumble strips both help the driver identify when they are on the limit (leaving the track is a penalty) but it also is a deterrent because the stri... | Technology |
Water boiling after microwaving it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's a phenomenon known as [superheating]( URL_0 ), and it's really dangerous! This happens because the glass you're using is particularly clean. See, water cannot by itself start boiling without a special formation around it to start turning it to steam, called [nucleation sites]( URL_1 ). These can be dirt or even cr... | Physics |
When you get an organ removed, such as a kidney, what fills its place in your body? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Just wanted to note that the kidney is not in the peritoneal cavity with the rest of your organs, the space where it was will flatten, enlarging the peritoneal cavity a little and thus replacing the lost space with your other organs. In the case of day your liver, you would only donate part of it, and it would grow bac... | Biology |
Why do people say that flushing a toilet in the same house that someone is showering in makes the water extra hot? Is it just a myth or does it actually happen? If it happens, why? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In some plumbing systems, flushing the toilet pulls cold water from the lines that supply cold water to the shower. In a shower with a mixing valve setup, cold and hot water are mixed to provide warm water, and the drop in the cold water pressure can cause a hot surge in the shower. This all depends on how the water su... | Physics |
How are artificial flavors produced? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | scientists are able to isolate the chemical compounds responsible for a flavor. Then they can synthesize compounds either identical to it, or similar to it. They sometimes will combine multiple compounds to produce more unique flavors that aren't found naturally. Other times they will use chemical compounds completely ... | Chemistry |
How do polders create more land? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You build a large water-resistant wall around the area, and then you use pumps (often powered by windmills) to remove the water. As a draining help, if the local tides are really huge you can open floodgates in your walls when the local tide (temporary sea level) is lower than in your polder. | Technology |
Why is it that people procrastinate? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Many people do it due to perfectionism and anxiety. For example, I’ll put off essays because I’ll worry that if I start an essay early, I won’t be able to do as good a job on it as I would if I’ve had more time to think. I’ll wait and wait, even though I know that if I keep putting it off I’ll end up turning it in late... | Other |
What force is creating new spacetime (and at an accelerating pace)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Dark energy is what causes the expansion. We aren't completely sure what dark energy is. It could be a result of how gravity works or it could be its own new force. Either way from what we can tell is empty space contains dark energy at a constant energy density. This means as new space is created so is new dark energy... | Physics |
Why does spilt oil look multicoloured? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's pretty complicated, if your really curious I suggest you pick up a copy of Richard Feynmans QED. It busts it down for the layman without a background in calculus. For example instead of integrating complex numbers he explains it as spinning arrows. Its actually a really fascinating book, highly recommended. To ans... | Chemistry |
How much clean, drinkable water is left on Earth and what is being done to combat an eventual shortage? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Clean drinking water is not a global issue, however it is a bunch of local issues. The amount of clean drinking water available is only affecting the local water systems. So it does not make sense to measure how much clean drinking water is available in Switzerland when you are looking at the water levels in the US. An... | Earth Science |
What causes inaccuracies in our current model conventional physics at certain points, such as at extremely hot temperatures? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Physics student here! In a lot of our models we use approximations to turn an equation we have no way of solving into one that can be trivially solved. Thing is, these approximations tend to have an area of parameters the situation needs to fit for the approximation to be accurate. For example, the equation of motion f... | Physics |
Why does it seem quite common (relatively) that women athletes happen to be LBGTQ+, where it appears not as common in men sports? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Queer person here, I don't know a hard answer but here are some possible explanations that come to mind: A large part of being LGBT is challenging/rejecting gender expectations. So, for a woman who hates being forced into a dress and makeup (and maybe wants to spend more time around half-naked women), sports could be e... | Biology |
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