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What stops CEO's and other head executives from buying a large share of stock in a rival company and causing their own company's demise? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The CEO is the head **employee** of a company, but they are still an employee. They are hired and fired by the Board of Directors who represent the ownership of the company(shareholders). In some cases(Facebook) the CEO is also a major shareholder that controls the Board of Directors, but this is usually not the case. | Economics |
Why does vaping create such a large, dense cloud of “smoke” (vapor)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Interestingly. There are less particulates in vape vapour, than there are in cigarette smoke. But cigarette smoke has smaller particulates, so it appears a lot less visible. Because the vapour is aerosolised (made into tiny droplets in the air), the droplets start to bind back together into bigger droplets (literally e... | Other |
Why are diamonds see through? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > I learned that glass is only see through because its somewhat liquid. This is not correct. First, [glass isn't actually a liquid]( URL_0 ), and second, plenty of solids are transparent. Lots of plastics and minerals are transparent despite being solids. Heck, you can even manufacture [transparent aluminum]( URL_1 )! ... | Chemistry |
How does the World Bank work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Anyone can lend money to governments by buying bonds from them. It is considered a fairly safe form of investment. It is therefore used a lot by savings banks, pension funds and the like. You are likely either directly or indirectly lending some of your money to the government yourself. As for the World Bank that is mo... | Economics |
Why does Wikipedia need money? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Servers are like playgrounds. And even though other people come and do sports or have races and make the playground fun, when you have so many people using the playground, someone has to do some upkeep. The jungle gym needs to be replaced. The grass needs to be mowed. The nets need replacing on the basketball court. So... | Economics |
Why can’t you melt wood? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Wood is a combination of thousands of different chemical compounds - each of them has a temperature where it'll **melt**, and another temperature where it'll **ignite**, and yet another where it will **thermally decompose**. If *any* part of wood ignites, the heat from that flame is likely to burn and break down the ot... | Chemistry |
What does sunlight consist of, and why do some parts pass through windows while other parts don't? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Sunlight and heat are (in simple terms, heat is complex) both electromagnetic radiation. They just have different frequencies (the rate at which the wave repeats itself, think of it like the number of waves in a given stretch of ocean). UV light (higher frequency) causes sun burn. It’s blocked by special glazing on the... | Physics |
Why do blues look darker than yellows when colours are the same intensity? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It has to do with the *way* that we see color. Inside your eyes are little structures called cones and rods. There are cones and rods for blue, red, and green. * When blue light hits your eyes, it activated the blue receptors strongly, but very poorly activated the others. * Red light activated the red receptors strong... | Physics |
- Why software has to be rewritten or updated for the Apple next gen macbook featuring ARM processor? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Different processor architectures have different instruction sets. If you think of it as a worker and software as a manual for doing a job a worker that speaks English needs a different manual from a worker that speaks Spanish. Also it's much better to have a native Spanish speaker write your Spanish manual then to hav... | Technology |
If our stomach is all acidic with HCl, how doesn't puke burn the crap out of us? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The acid in vomit can damage your throat, teeth, and mouth and this is a major risk of bulimia. But for the occasional day of throwing up, your throat and mouth are covered in mucus and saliva that does a pretty good job protecting the relatively low concentration of acid in vomit. | Chemistry |
Why smartphones don't have paper white screens so you can see them better in the sun? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Paperwhite is a type of electronic ink screen that uses tiny magnetized balls to show pixels on the display. For reading, it is perfect. Text and black and white images display with a decent resolution and minimal issue, but it's next to worthless for video or color. Trying to make a phone with a Paperwhite display wou... | Technology |
When metal is being shaped, why do the outer layers flake off? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Many times those outer layers aren't actually the metal but a layer of metal oxide compounds (sort of like rust) formed when the hot metal interacts with the oxygen in the air. This is especially noticeable if you're watching blacksmithing or forging of iron. [In a video like this, you can see the layer of "scale" form... | Chemistry |
How do countries loan money to other countries? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Most of it is done through bonds. In your example, Canada would announce there are issuing bonds, each one will be worth $1000 CAD in 20 years. There would then auction them off. Anyone, countries, corporations, individuals, would bid on them, and they would sell for maybe $500, give them a yield of about 3.5% a year. ... | Economics |
Why are certain memories remembered more than others, despite not having much significance to them ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Memories are reinforced when you remember them. Because, then you have two memories of an event, when it actually happened and when you thought about it later. Do this many times and that memory will be remembered more than others. For instance, when you went to the grocery store about 4 weeks ago, you haven't thought ... | Other |
What IS the purpose of horrifying stock photos like the ones that make up r/wtfstockphotos? Who commissions these? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A stock photo, *by definition*, isn't a commissioned photo. It's just a picture that someone took, and added to a big *stockpile* in the hopes that someone digging through the stockpile would find it, like it, and pay for the rights to use it. Someone commissions a photo when they don't want to use a stock photo. | Other |
What is the respiratory exchange ratio, and what does it mean when it’s over 1.0? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The ratio is CO2 you produce to the O2 you consume gives the RER. different bioenergy sources have different ratios because they take different amounts of oxygen to fully break down for every CO2 produced. So fat is 0.7 and carbs is 1, keeping it simple. However, it can often rise above 1 but not due to metabolic reaso... | Biology |
if looked at under an extremely powerful microscope, what would sub-atomic particles look like? What would the space between them look like? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Part of the problem with you question is that "looking" is something that is not independent of size. Visible light has a wavelength from 390 to 700 nm (3.9 to 4 x 10^−7 m) while atoms have a radius of 30 to 300 pm (3 to 30 x10^-11 m). So seeing is not really applicable here visible light does not work at this scale. | Physics |
How a railgun functions and also Lenz’s law and Fareday’s law have to do with it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because Science did a video on this and explains better than me ( URL_0 ). However, here is a basic run down. It uses the Lorenz force for all of it. Effectively running a current through a wire will cause of a force experiences perpendicular to that wire. The force is directly increased and decreased with the amount o... | Technology |
Why '5 year survival rates' for cancer? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > Why do doctors use 5 year survival rates for cancer? Is it because cancer rarely re-occurs after 5 years? Is it because cancer often comes back after 5 years? It gives a good indication of if the treatment will effectively extend the patient's life. Something like a year would be too short and a decade too long. Usin... | Mathematics |
If I try to simultaneously charge my phone with a cable and a wireless charger, will it charge quicker than it would with only one of these? Why or why not? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | [Here's an article]( URL_0 ) that tested that. The short of it is no, it doesn't make it charge any faster. Why? generally phones only have one charging circuit/controller, that is, once it hits its charging peak from a source, which is generally enough from a single source, its not charging any faster, its already goi... | Technology |
If the universe is expanding, does that mean we have an increasingly less likely chance of being hit by an asteroid? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Not really, the universe is expanding but even nearby galaxies have a strong enough gravitational pull that they continue to move towards us or remain where they are. We only really have a risk of being hit by objects in the solar system or near our solar system, the growth of the universe definitely does not effect ob... | Physics |
Where do virtual particles come from? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If virtual particles are to be considered to exist at all (a prerequisite for them to "come from" anywhere) then they would be sourced from the underlying spacetime manifold which is our universe. But virtual particles are limited by the uncertainty principle, an asserted fundamental limit to the precision at which cer... | Physics |
How does Curvature Speed works? Doesn't it break what we thought was a law of physic? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | FTL travel through space is not possible. Full stop, no "but maybe"s, no "that's just closed minded" no other nonsense like that. Nobody proved anything. ~~I've seen the paper, it's about as theoretically accurate as the starship Enterprise.~~ it turns out this is a different paper. It still doesn't prove anything, but... | Physics |
How do CDs/DVDs/game disks work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The shiny layers on the disks have tiny groves cut into them in circles around the center. These groves are only a few hundred nanometers wide which is just wide enough for a laser beam. So the disk reader have a laser shining at this grove and a detector that detects the reflection of the laser. This means that it can... | Technology |
If a person is kicked out of a spaceship to die, assuming they are going fast enough to maintain an orbit around the sun and won't drift towards it, would their frozen bodies exist forever? Or would the radiation break down the frozen bodies over time? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The radiation wouldn't really be a problem since the person's already dead - after all liquid has evaporated, you'd be left with a mummy not unlike the ones found on earth. Coats of space dust would eventually turn the body unrecognizable in the span of a few millenia, effectively turning it into a micrometeorite. Ther... | Physics |
In the most common isotope of hydrogen, it has no neutrons. That would leave 1 proton and 1 electron in the atom. So how does the electron stay in orbit if there are no other electrons to repel from when it tries to get ti the proton??? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | First of all, this is a really good question, which puzzled scientists for a long time and was major problem for the atom model, until Quantum Physics saved the day. And that not only for atoms with a single electron. Even if there are multiple electrons, one would expect them to fall into the nucleus one by one, attra... | Chemistry |
What causes the "Karen" complex? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Men can absolutely be Karens. Actually it certainly started there. I would suggest that Karens started with more rights and freedoms given (rightfully so) to women in general in the 60s-70s. This combined with the wave of US parenting attitude of the 2000s where each kid is nurtured to think he/she is special, precious... | Other |
How does the United States Profit from War? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Increased production, mainly. Government contractors are contracted for not only more equipment, but in general R & D increases in wartime. This in turn increases tax revenue from the various ways corporations and employees are taxed. WWII, for instance, saw a massive boost in manufacturing in the U.S. Whether or not t... | Economics |
How are Lightning and USB-C connectors able to work in both orientations? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | No, it's really the physical symmetry. USB-C was designed to be symmetric because the Lightning solution (which was non-standard) was very well received by users. It takes twice as many connectors, more parts, more complexity, more gold; but yet users find it's very worth it not to have to figure out which side of the ... | Technology |
Why is cloud computing and virtual machines are so much more cost effective than traditional hardware? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When you buy traditional hardware, you own it or lease it, you have to have a physical place to put it (data center), network hardware to connect it, physical lines to connect it to networks, power supply, cooling all the hardware, etc. those are significant up front and ongoing costs. With cloud hardware, you pay a mo... | Economics |
How does national debt actually effect the lives of normal people? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Politicians love to equate Government finance to personal finance scaring people into believe that any kind of debt is bad and that the government has out of control spending, when in reality operating the Government has far more in common with corporate finance that personal. Corporations and Governments operate in de... | Economics |
Users who do game programming with Unity and C#, what is a float? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's a special kind of decimal where the decimal point "floats" around the number, allowing it to represent numbers that are bigger and smaller than you would be able to otherwise. Say you had a piece of paper and you could only fit 10 numbers on it. You divide it into 10 boxes, like this: xxxxxxxxxx - the xs can be an... | Technology |
Whats so great about LED headlights? I understand that they're energy efficient but if they're blinding everyone else on the road is it even worth it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Yes. When fitted by the manufacturer they shouldn't to blind you and in newer lights they can actively turn sections off to prevent blinding. But Old uncle Joe that goes and buys aftermarket bulbs and doesn't set them up on a beam setter will blind every oncoming car, but if led lights hadn't been invented uncle Joe wo... | Other |
. How does a PDF compressor work? How does it give the same quality, with lower size? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | PDF are technically not "an image", but rather text, special text, "code". A lot of that can be considered "clutter", often left behind for redundancy or for being inefficient. Compressors usually de-clutter the file, then applies actual compression (which Tom Scott made an excellent video about on youtube, I recommend... | Technology |
Why do things sound louder at night than during the day? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | "Loudness" is partially about the context of all other sounds. Like a jet engine is always loud in most everyday situations. But if you're judging between the loudness of talking and whispering, it also depends on how loud the environment is. Night time is way quieter than daytime because people aren't as active (meani... | Other |
- Does the newly added Us inflation give to me (a European) more power to buy products from the us? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | No because the Euro can also inflate/deflate. It means that if you are a producer of goods or services, you can now sell those goods or services to the US for more money than before. Inflation rate is pegged to the prices of goods and services. Foreign exchange rates are tracked separately. | Economics |
How and why are some infinities bigger than others? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You can interpret this in a couple of ways actually, but the result most people mean by this is that some infinite cardinals are bigger than others. Other main contender here is ordinals. To understand what those words mean, let's for a bit discuss them in finite terms. Let's say I have a bag with a banana, an apple an... | Mathematics |
how is the human body able to produce so much snot? I have a sinus infection and am constantly amazed at how much comes out of there throughout the day. Staggering. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The vast majority of what makes up mucus is water. It only takes a little bit of other proteins to turn that water into thick mucus. Imagine taking paperclips and very carefully stacking them on top of each other, neatly arranged and not taking up very much space. They're packed very efficiently. This is how the protei... | Biology |
What is the difference between irony and poetic justice? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Irony has been mangled so badly you can't really get it wrong as the definitions these days include what would be considered wrong use (much like literally officially meaning figuratively now) In a nutshell though irony is something that has the opposite effect as intended. Example I'm in a car accident and my airbag d... | Other |
How are space phenomena named? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | URL_0 Computers scan images taken by telescopes and note possible objects. These are then given a name which describes how it was discovered, followed by the coordinates of the object. Naming them this way makes it easier for computers to encode the important information in a human-readable way, and it's useful for sci... | Other |
Why can't we recycle styrofoam? Seems like it's just a bunch of tiny balls molded together that could easily be reshaped over and over. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We can recycle styrofoam. There are many producers of styrofoam and other polystyrene products that do accept recycled styrofoam. But there are issues both of transportation and sorting. Firstly sorting different plastics from each other is a very difficult job. Most consumers will just mix different plastics together ... | Other |
"The core of the planet earth is made of iron and nickel": how scientists can determine that if no one has been in the core of the earth? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We have a pretty good idea about what's on the inside of the Earth, based on the geologist's equivalent of a CAT scan or an MRI -- earthquake data. When an earthquake happens, it sends waves bouncing around the inside of the planet. These waves change direction and speed based on the kinds of materials they pass throug... | Chemistry |
How were we able to determine the proton/electron numbers of each element on the periodic table? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Scientists actually worked backwards to discover this. The periodic table was created before we knew of the existence of protons and electrons. Initially elements were ordered and numbered by how much they weighed which roughly corresponds to the number of protons and neutrons in an atom, and various other factors. We ... | Chemistry |
How do Radio Waves work? They have always been around? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Radio waves are electromagnetic waves, just like light is and X-Rays are. Radio waves have a larger wavelength than visible light, and they have always existed as a form of radiation just as every other electromagnetic wave has. They weren't used as a method of communication until the early 20th century though. We gene... | Technology |
How web apps like Akinator works? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well, it can gather a lot of data from the players. It's also not always right. If you consider 3 options for each of 20 questions (yes, no, other) There are already billions of different conclusions you could reach. Assuming you pick your questions well enough to always eliminate half the remaining options, you'd reli... | Technology |
How can companies write 75% off of someones debt? I see a lot of commercials on YouTube about these type of companies | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You mean like a debt trustee? People don't get to walk away scott-free. Usually their credit is still pretty damaged... but not as bad as if they filed for bankruptcy. (remember, you don't walk away from all debts in bankruptcy either). Usually what they'll do is try to arrange some type of debt consolidation - but you... | Economics |
Why is the Air Force buying $1200 cups? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Oh man, welcome to military/aviation contracting! So these were on KC-135 tankers. The KC-135 was produced from 1955 to 1965. That means the *newest* one in the air is over 50 years old. When they were produced, Boeing also produced enough spare parts, including coffee mugs, for the expected service life of the airfram... | Economics |
How is kindle’s screen different from other screens? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Kindles use an e-ink display as opposed to the more common LCD or OLED displays found on cell phones. An e-ink pixel doesn't require power to stay in its current state (light or dark). Power is only used to change state from one to the other. So it only uses power to change the display. In comparison, an OLED screen us... | Technology |
Why is Dec. 21 considered the beginning of winter when it's the day that gets the least direct sunlight? Wouldn't it make more sense for it to be the middle of winter? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I can think of two reasons why the current system makes more sense. First, the start and end of the seasons have specific astronomical landmarks. On the first day of North American winter, the sun is at its most southerly declination, it is at its extreme southerly position. Three months later on the first day of sprin... | Earth Science |
What makes haemoglobin toxic to the human body? Isn't it essential for carrying oxygen in our blood? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Haemoglobin is, as you say, essential for carrying oxygen. But technically, we do not have haemoglobin in our blood. Haemoglobin is a protein that is bound in erythrocytes, red blood cells, and that is very important. Another protein is haptoglobin, that forms a complex with free haemoglobin. This happens when a RBC is... | Biology |
Why is it that when metals are heated up to a molten state they lose most or all of their magnetic characteristics, but the earths core is molten metal and it is what gives the Earth its magnetic field? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The magnetic field of the Earth is caused by an extremely complex and not fully understood phenomenon called the earth's [geodynamo]( URL_0 ). The short answer is that the magnetic field is not held in completely the same way as a standard permanent magnet, as the core is far above the Curie Temperature, the temperatur... | Physics |
How haven’t the constellations changed in thousands of years? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They *have* changed. Just not very much. Stars are *extremely* far away. The reason they don't seem to change much is the same reason mountains don't seem to change much when you look at them while you walk around. But over time these little differences add up to differences that can be seen. Same as when you eventuall... | Physics |
How can we shape C4 to explode in a certain direction but we can’t with nuclear explosions? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Shaped nuclear charges are theoretically possible, but they haven't been designed or built because there's no obvious need. If you're trying to penetrate something and one nuke didn't do it, why not just nuke it again? (if you're willing to nuke it at all) One practical application of shaped nuclear charges is nuclear ... | Physics |
Where does the money go when you lose money on a stock? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your money was gone the second you bought a stock. It doesn't go anywhere. You spend $100 for a stock, and your money goes to the previous owner of that stock. Over time the value of that stock changes based on a bunch of variables. Think of it kind of like buying an action figure in mint condition and keeping it in th... | Economics |
Why does sped up audio sound higher pitched and slowed ones sound deeper? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Copy/pasting my answer from elsewhere: > Every wave has a characteristic called its frequency, which represents how many peaks pass an arbitrary point in one second. If you play a sound faster, you're increasing the frequency. This increased frequency is the reason we hear it as higher-pitched. The same is true for a s... | Physics |
Why is the surface a frozen river or lake flat most of the time? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When a body of water freezes, it doesn't just all freeze at once. It starts with small pieces of ice that gradually grow larger. As those pieces grow, they not only limit the effect of the wind (the source of almost all waves,) they also dampen out the waves that already exist by friction between the pieces of ice. So ... | Physics |
Why is grass wet in the morning? What is dew? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | At any given time, there is some amount of moisture (water) in the air. At a certain temperature (depending on how MUCH water is in the air) that water will condense (go from vapor to liquid). Think of when you pull a can of soda or beer out of a cooler when outside in the summer. The temperature of the can is low enou... | Chemistry |
A couple hosting Nintendo ROMs was just sued by Nintendo. How does google avoid lawsuits for the same content being uploaded to Google Drive? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Liability for hosting copyrighted items is covered by the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. This act makes internet hosting providers immune to liability for hosting copyrighted content so long as they don't know that the content is infringing and follow the provisions of the DMCA when notified of infringing content. G... | Technology |
How are Search Engines like Google and Bing made? How would you make one yourself? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In the simplest sense they work similar to card catalogs did in the libraries back in the days of old. You send out a small program commonly called a web crawler or a spider. That program will visit websites, figure out what they are about, find tags to describe them, follow all the links it finds, and repeat. As the c... | Technology |
How come in remote regions my phone will say I have good service (2-3 bars of LTE) but nothing will load? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because it's actually saying that you have 3 bars of phone call reception, which is a different type of signal than internet data. The tiny trickle of data you have is of type LTE. So it says what type of data signal you have, right next to the phone call signal strength. It never directly tells you your LTE strength. | Technology |
What are the exact differences between baking soda and baking powder? And why is it often required in a baking recipe to use both? AND is it alright to not use baking powder when it calls for it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Baking soda is sodium bicarbonate which is alkaline and reacts with acid to produce carbon dioxide. Baking powder is sodium bicarbonate plus cream of tartar (tartaric acid). When this gets wet the two ingredients react to produce carbon dioxide. A recipe might call for both if another ingredient is acidic, so the final... | Other |
Why does economy have to grow continually? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well for one, the number of people increases every year, thus the amount of work performed by a population as a whole increases. If your economy isn't increasing at the very least with the amount of people entering the workforce then you are doing something wrong. Overall though we at the very least expect things to ge... | Economics |
What are the benefits of air-drying clothes other than the obvious electricity costs? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Besides being easier on the clothes, and the electricity costs, drying your clothes in direct sunlight works as a natural killer of bacteria due to the exposure to UV light, and will actually produce cleaner clothes, with of course the downside being the fading of colours, becoming "sun washed" for darker colours. | Other |
Why do we measure the screen sizes in inches instead of ISO standard units? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Measurements are made in normal metric units, even in the US. Advertising is made up by ad agencies. They use actual measurements as little as possible, to try and get descriptions that sound more appealing. In they think inches are better, or rediculous diagonal measurements that don't even tell you the shape of the p... | Technology |
Does exercising a specific area of the body burn more fat there compared to other parts of your body? E.g. a leg workout burning more leg fat than arm fat. Why or why not? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It doesn't. The body burns fat in roughly a "Last gained, first lost" order. Working out your legs muscles may burn calories, but your body then goes "I guess we're low on calories, time to start burning some of that fat we have, starting with the most recent place I stored some." Where the exercise happened isn't take... | Biology |
how can someone get fired from a company they started/own? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If they don't own at least 50% +1 share of the company, then others can vote them out. Most companies have more than one founder, so they may never have that 50% stake... and then their ownership stakes get diluted as they take on investment funding. So it's very realistic that a co-founder only has like 10-25% of a co... | Economics |
Why does getting hit with a slap hurt differently than getting hit with a closed fist? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A slap with an open hand covers more surface area of your skin, and makes the skin think it’s been damaged or traumatized. Conversely a punch covers LESS surface area but often affects more than just the skin, which is why you can get a persistent pain from a punch (in the muscle beneath, even!). With a slap, it redden... | Physics |
what is the purpose of "folx"? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Mainly by drawing attention to itself. You write it differently to let people know you absolutely do have trans and non-binary people in mind. But I think that's sort of a faux inclusivity. Because you also imply, that they are not part of "folks". It's like "womxn". Supposed to be more trans friendly, but really it's ... | Other |
Why is having money in tax havens like Swiss Bank accounts considered bad if it is not actually illegal? If it is illegal why is there a Swiss Bank? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Depositing income into Swiss Bank accounts for the purpose of avoiding taxes is illegal, but there may be other reasons for wanting to keep money overseas and secret/secure. Also, Swiss banks are governed by laws of Switzerland, so U.S. laws have no bearing on whether and why they exist... their laws could be completel... | Economics |
Why if I drink out of the same glass more times having flu i do not risk to reinfect myself? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Each flu has it's own "strain". A type. A shape and identity. Once it gets into your body and starts reproducing, it doesn't matter much if you get a few additional cells of influenza in your body, it's a drop in the ocean. And once your immune system identifies and develops a resistance to it (based on it's shape an i... | Biology |
Why do so many Native American reservations have a big problem with poverty, and crime that has afflicted these places for so long? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Turns out if you isolate people into an area without a lot of resources, take away all their initial resources, and then just leave them they don’t get rich. They dont have an economy that can sustain growth the way a lot of other places do, that money has to come from somewhere, and it isnt. | Other |
How are student loans in the USA different to elsewhere? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Interest rates are competitive, but the loan and the interest never go away. The interest never stops adding up. The payments can be based on your earnings, but the less you pay each month the more impossible it is to pay down the loan -- ever. You just end up paying the interest each month. It's like digging a hole wh... | Economics |
Why do megaphones have such poor audio quality when we have microphones and speakers of a much higher quality? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The amps in a megaphone have a much better frequency response to higher frequencies. In fact, typically anything below 90Hz gets cut off completely. Why? Most of the "information" in human speech (100-120 hz) is in higher frequencies. i.e. if you cut out anything over 105 it will be impossible to make out anything but ... | Technology |
How can someone wealthy have mass amounts of debt but not pay it off? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You can't pay a creditor with a house. Someone can have lots of wealth but have it in the form of things that are not easily transferable. Someone with a net worth of $150 million almost certainly has far less than $50 million they have access to on even moderately short notice. | Economics |
What is the difference between an MRI, a CT, and a PET scan? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | All three are ways of diagnosing diseases within the body. We've covered them like this in training, but I'm just a therapist and obviously don't work with these things.. The MRI is based on powerful magnetic fields and radio frequency pulses. Imagine if you will your body which is mostly made up of water molecules, as... | Technology |
How are some things (like bananas) shipped from long distances (like Ecuador) and still be cheaper than sending something like a letter or post card? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They’re sent in vast quantities and benefit from bulk shipping. Ultimately it costs you about the same amount of time and money to drive/fly/sail to Ecuador regardless of what you’re carrying, so it’s much cheaper *per unit* to send 100,000 bananas instead of just 1. If you wanted to send a crate of post cards to someo... | Economics |
How do trick candles work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So, in a regular candle, the heat melts the wax, the wick absorbs the wax and pulls it up to the flame, the flame vaporizes it, and the vapor burns. The smoke you see when you blow a candle out is the last bit of vapor. So the trick to getting a candle to relight on its own is to add something highly flammable to the w... | Chemistry |
When you are sick and have a cough how does the body stop coughing and allow you to fall asleep? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You do not stop caughing, you continue to caugh in your sleep. Your body is able to do a lot of things in its sleep including all the reflexes associated with caughing. It is only if it is not able to clear your throat itself that it will wake you up so you can do more drastic measures. So even if you are sick and caug... | Biology |
how do humans know what noise dinosaurs made? For all we know they could have quacked like ducks | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We have no idea. The sounds you hear in movies are either entirely synthetic, or in the case of the Jurassic Park T-rex (for example) a pitch shifted mix of several different (non-extinct) animals. That said, we can be fairly sure the big ones didn't quack like ducks as, generally speaking, large chest cavities imply l... | Biology |
When and why did the Greek economy start to tank? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Imagine I tell you I'm about to get a great new job, and if you loan me some money, I'll totally be able to pay you back, and then some. It's looks like a pretty sweet job, so you say why not. I start living large, nice house, fancy cars, so that job must be working out. I am making my payments, with interest, but I am... | Economics |
Why do USB cables have a max length? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When designing a protocol like USB, there are some parameters that need to be set. Depending on how you want to handle collisions, acknowledgements, retransmissions, ... you have to choose different parameters, including cable length. The USB engineers figured their protocol was going to be used to connect PC devices i... | Technology |
. What are those traders shouting at each other in the trading pits on Wall Street? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Imagine if you and seller were negotiating the price of an item. You: I'll give you $10. Seller: $20 You: $12 Seller: $15 You: ok $15 Now imagine a different seller in same conversation with same item. You: I'll give you $10 for it Seller 1: $20 Seller 2: $19! You: $12 Seller1 $18 Seller2 $17 You $15 Seller 1 $15 done!... | Economics |
why is it ok for your eyelids to touch your eyes but not your fingers or anything else? (As asked by my 6 year old) | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You're not necessarily going to harm your eye to touch it with something else. However, it is a relatively fragile surface, and very sensitive, so you could easily cause discomfort or pain. You could damage your eyes or introduce germs that cause an infection. So it is unwise. Your eyelids have evolved to be a delicate... | Biology |
How can the rubiks cube be solved with simple algorythms, from any starting point? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because a Rubik's Cube has a finite and equal number of facings. While staggering to think of, there are roughly 43 quintillion moves that can be made on a standard Rubik's Cube. With each facing assigned a numeric value, solving it becomes a mathematic equation where you have color groups (white 1-9, blue 1-9, etc.) a... | Mathematics |
How is Argon a noble gas? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | "Subshells" go 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, ... An s-subshell holds 2 electrons. A p-subshell holds 6 electrons. Argon has 3 s-subshells (6 total) and 2 p-subshells (12 total), meaning it has 18 electrons and all its shells are filled. Edit: "s-subshells" and "p-subshells" are not necessarily common terms. S... | Chemistry |
if you reverse a reversed video, why does it still look very strange? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So you tried to un reverse the backwards running gif? The issue is compression I think. All formats of video have it and it can't be undone completely. So you lose some with the original and you lose some when you reverse it. And you lose some when you reverse it again. It's like putting a phrase both ways through Goog... | Technology |
How do snakes breathe when consuming a large meal? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Snakes contract muscles between their ribs in order to inhale and exhalation is passive. Basically they can reduce pressure within their body cavity by flexing their ribs, and the rear of their right lung (the left is typically vestigial) is mostly just an air sack to regulate pressure within their abdomen. | Biology |
Is witness protection still possible with technology today, facial recognition, reverse image searching, social media and such, or does it make it easier? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Witness protection is still possible but I could see it that the witness would get limited online interaction. Of which it would likely be supervised. Witnesses would not be on social media with new profiles as that would pretty much break any form of secrecy. And honestly, I could see it making it way more difficult. | Other |
Why does everything that moves in outer space seem to move at extremely high velocities that could never be attained on Earth? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Firstly, it's a question of scale. Space is huge compared to Earth. What seems like an incredible speed here on Earth is actually very slow out in space, and it will take a long time to get anywhere. For instance Neptune is travelling at 5 kilometers every second - a stupendously fast Earth speed - but it takes 168 yea... | Physics |
I often get spam emails from people who obviously did not send the emails. How does this happen? Is someone hacking their account? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Often times, the account that appears to be sending the message did not actually send it. The “from” address is basically being forged. In internet parlance this is called “email spoofing.” There is phone spoofing too (fake caller ID information) which is a freaking epidemic in the U.S. these days. The person whose ema... | Technology |
How does public school wifi block sites without using software? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The trick is that the school controls the entrance/exit to the Internet. With software processing the traffic that glows in/out they can control what you can actually connect to and sometimes replace the responses your computer received with their own. This is usually implemented as with a firewall (control what you ca... | Technology |
How does toothpaste actually whiten our teeth? Does it even do that or is it just marketing? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If you look at the fine print of most of the whitening toothpaste, they say they "whiten" by removing stains which you would think is what toothpaste should do by default. Edit: To further clarify, most toothpaste that claim they whiten your teeth just add a stain-removal agent like baking soda to bring out the natural... | Chemistry |
I replaced 50w halogen light bulbs with 7w LED. Whenever my oil boiler ignites, the LEDS dim A LOT for a second, a lot more than the halogens did. It really doesn't bother me, butwhy does a bulb that draws less watts dim more than one that draws more, with a sudden current draw? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | LEDs are very voltage sensitive, and it’s really non-linear. When your boiler starts up there’s a big current draw (either the igniter or the fan, probably), the voltage drops, and your LEDs fall way off their peak emission voltage. And they do it really quickly (LEDs respond nearly instantly). A halogen bulb responds ... | Technology |
How exactly does obtaining an image for FREE from a royalty free image site like gettyimages work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Royalty free means you don't pay ongoing licensing fees for the use of the image (eg. per-view or per-usage). There can still be an up-front costs to purchase the content with a royalty free licence. Once you've purchased the licence for the image, you can use the image as many times as you want without paying any addi... | Other |
When you lose body fat.... where does it go? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When you use up fat for energy, it is (eventually) metabolised into carbon dioxide and water. You breathe out the carbon dioxide. You also breathe out some of the water, and lose the rest through urine and feces, tears, sweat, etc. Carbon dioxide weight around 2.5 times more than water per molecule, so most of the actu... | Biology |
How do animated movies stay up to date when they take multiple years to complete? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | All the other movies are "outdated" too, so everyone ends up on a level playing field. Just like with videogames. And yes, this means that if your schedule takes longer than usual, you'll be behind the curve. This is what stalled Duke Nukem Forever. I think the effect is somewhat lessened in movies where there's a grea... | Technology |
Why do streaming services want us to actually watch? Shouldn’t it be more like the gym, where they hope we sign up then never use their bandwidth? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Usually because they’ve paid for their content and they want the metrics. Eg if Netflix buys ‘Making a Murderer’ and 7/10 people with Netflix accounts watch it, they will further invest in true crime docs to ensure they keep their customers. If they purchase anything by Amy Schumer and then no one watched it, they stop... | Economics |
Why do mirrors facing eachother get greener? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Mirrors reflect more green light than others, which is due to how the glass filters light that reaches the true reflective surface (the thin layer of silver or other metal on the back). When mirrors reflect to one another, their abilitt to reflect light in a straight line gets lower and lowrr the more it reflects. This... | Chemistry |
How to the underwater fiber optic cables work and how are they able to handle the massive amount of data sent? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A laser shines through the clear fiber, and basically flashes on for 1 or off for 0, billions of times a second. (The exact signals are more complex but that's the basic idea.) Because lasers can turn on and off very fast, and because several different colored lasers can shine through the same fiber, and because each c... | Technology |
if most of our physical attributes are determined by dominant genes, why are mixed-race people usually an "in-between" color of their parents skin tones? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Skin color is controlled by what is known as [polygenic inheritance]( URL_0 ). Traits controlled by polygenic inheritance have an additive effect, rather than the dominant/recessive relationship. Effectively, the more dark-skinned genes that you have, the darker your skin will be. If a black person and a white person h... | Biology |
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