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Some people believe that we are currently living in a "late stage" capitalist society. What does it mean to be in the late stage of capitalism? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Capitalism is supposed to benefit everyone, consumers and producers. Consumers get quality product through competition and availability. Producers get wealth through providing the best product at reasonable prices. The problem with capitalism, especially deregulated capitalism, is human greed. Throw enough money at bea... | Economics |
What is the House Ethics Committee and why is it (or not) significant that it is being done away with? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The [House Ethics Committee]( URL_0 ) still exists. It's made up of members of congress from both parties. If members of congress are accused of ethics violations, they will investigate, call witnesses, and hold votes on whether to censure or even expel members. If ethics violations are found, they usually make recomme... | Other |
Why do we get chills when we experience something beautiful (i.e a really good live preformance) and are they pyshically the same as the chills we get when we're cold? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | What we call life is known as "external" and "internal" stimuli. 'External stimuli' are things you experience (like hearing a joke) and 'Internal stimuli' is how your brain responds to said experience (like laughing at the joke). Your brain releases a potent concoction of chemical like serotonin, dopomine and oxytocin.... | Biology |
Why will your feet burn if you run on a burning coal walk but if you walk nothing happens? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Basically you aren't waking directly on burning coals. The top of the coal is the first part to burn since it touches air first and leaves a layer not actually burning ash behind. Firewalking is usually down at night so that the glow shows through the ash layer more easily and it looks more impressive. Coal ash itself ... | Physics |
why many old mathematical equations still unsolved? can't we just use computers to solve them? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because they're not mathematical equations, they're mathematical *problems*. Lets look at [Fermat's last theorem]( URL_1 ). The theorem is pretty simple: it says that for every n > 2, there are no positive integers values a,b,c,n such that a^n + b^n = c^(n) (this is opposed to n=2 where you can find infinitely many a,b... | Mathematics |
How does refrigeration and air conditioning work? Because in order to make something cold you need something colder. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Heat flows from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. But since heat is a property of things you can create areas of high and low concentration by causing areas of high and low concentration of *those things*. So if you take a gas and compress it the temperature goes up because you are concentratin... | Physics |
why does a can of Brisk Iced tea taste sweeter than a can of Dr Pepper, even though the iced tea has 27g of sugar, and the Dr Pepper has 50g? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The answer here is carbonation. When carbon dioxide is dissolved in water it gives it a very sharp, bitter taste (if you've had plain carbonated water you'd know). To counteract that in soda a *ton* of sugar is used to balance it out. Since iced tea isn't carbonated, less sugar is needed to make it taste sweeter | Chemistry |
Does the sun have conventional weather? Is there such thing as "rain" or "wind" on the surface of the sun or is it just a big fireball? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are massive thermal forces at work. Areas of relative hot and cold, but you have to realize the sun is a giant fireball of nuclear fusion. There is no surface. There is no water or any other liquid. As such the "weather" is just the way the fluid of gas behaves due to thermal forces. | Physics |
How does Doomsday Argument work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's a pretty obvious and simple idea that is kinda dumb. & #x200B; Say there was 100 generations that were all the exact same size. If you picked one totally random individual there would be an 80% you picked someone from the middle 80 generations, a 10% chance you picked someone from the first 10 generations and a 10... | Other |
How can Chinese sellers on eBay afford to sell me an item for 89 cents with free shipping? Do they not pay to send the item? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I heard a podcast the other day that explained this - basically international companies pay a different, much cheaper rate to ship overseas. The expensive bit is the "last mile" which covers the shipping once it's in the destination country, e.g. USPS to get it to your door...and they don't have to pay for this at all. | Economics |
If all the plants and plantkons are destroyed how much Oxygen will be left in Earth's atmosphere? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well to be clear, plants and forests do not "produce" oxygen in the sense that you are probably thinking. An area of land in a given climate can support a certain mass of plant life. Once this maximum value is reached plants either stop growing, organically decay, or burn. In other words, any area of land with plant li... | Chemistry |
- why are tests/studies often done on rats specifically? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Mice are actually more common than rats, but rodents in general are the most popular animals for scientific study. We use rodents because they're easy to get, don't cost much to get or keep alive, are easy to care for, are small and easy to handle, and reproduce quickly. We generally use rats as opposed to mice for beh... | Biology |
How is it that such tiny cards can hold gigabytes of data? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | One thing people are omitting is the complexity of the design of an SD card or similar flash media. A compact flash disk is much smaller than a hard disk drive because its sole purpose is simply to store information, but a hard disk has to do other things like cache data, spin to retrieve information, and have smart er... | Technology |
How were first elements discovered ? How did they know one thing was an element and other wasn't ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Which time period? In antiquity certain elements were known. Lead, mercury, silver, tin, copper, and gold come to mind. I suppose back then they were seen as pure metals of some kind rather than how elements are viewed in modern times. How they identified those is likely through material properties and how they separat... | Chemistry |
Why is figure skating considered an athletic sport while ballet is not? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A core part of being a 'sport' is the element of competition. If the primary outcome of the activity is one party 'winning' while one or more parties 'lose', then you might have a sport. However, if the activity merely serves to entertain without any final determination of victory, it isn't a sport. Many people would a... | Other |
How do doctors know when it is safe to take patients off of mechanical ventilation? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Depending on why the patient experienced respiratory failure which lead to them becoming ventilator dependent, there are several different laboratory tests which can determine if weaning is appropriate. Just one example, a severe pneumonia which causes poor oxygenation and gas exchange can be treated with antibiotics. ... | Biology |
What helps plants on mountian tops do photosynthesis? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | One big benefit is fewer obstructions. No Mountain that keeps them in shade for much of the day when you're on a mountaintop. Also no big trees, and fewer clouds, and fewer pesky animals eating your leaves. Every ecological niche is different, and the plants that thrive there are adapted to their niche. | Earth Science |
What is the incentive for real-estate agent fight for the lowest price for a buyer? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Look at it this way... saving a client $10,000 cuts into the agent's take home pay about $150 (6% commission is $600, half to each agent who then pay half to their brokerage). Saving a client an additional $10k is MUCH more likely to result in referrals to friends/family and repeat clients, earning them well more than ... | Economics |
How do GPS satellites work and how does relativity effect them? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Each GPS satellite transmits a signal that includes pseudorandom code and the state vector of the satellite. The same signal is generated by the GPS receiver. When the two signals are compared, the one from the satellite will be found to lag behind the one of the receiver because of the time it took for the signal to t... | Physics |
Why does American education and healthcare cost so much in comparison to the rest of the world? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Not only that it’s a For Profit system, but also because USA has Insurance Companies as middlemen, so ALL of the insurance companies expenses & profits have to come from somewhere. That’s the main reason it’s so expensive, & also a large part of the reason USA healthcare quality is lower than most of the developed worl... | Other |
When one person talks or even yells it’s only so loud. How does a large crowd talking or yelling seem louder than the max volume of one person? How does the number of people affect the amplification of the sound? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | As you know, decibels shouldn't be able to stack up. Otherwise, since normal talking would be around 60 decibels, then theoretically 2 people talking normally would be nearly enough to match the sound output of a gun. & #x200B; But then comes the question, how is it possible then that two sounds of the same volume woul... | Physics |
Why do metals change color when they're heated? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You are correct, the metal becomes brighter as temperature goes up due to highly energized photons being expelled. Also the automoderator can go choke to death on a bag of dicks. As it becomes hotter, they turn yellow, orange and then finally white, you can see that phenomena in the gun barrels of the M134D Gattling gu... | Physics |
Why are lanyards' straps twisted one half turn? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So they lay flat around your neck. Let's say you have a lanyard with a red side and a green side. You sew it in a loop with the two green sides together. Then you put it on. The green side might be against your neck (for example) and when it gets close to the end you want the green side against your body. To get that y... | Other |
Why do we (in the USA) never seem to hear about left-leaning survivalist groups seizing a facility or something of that nature? Do such groups not exist? Or are they simply not covered by the MSM? Been curious since the Bundy incident in Malheur County, Ore. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | All things considered, the US is a really right wing country. To the point that Hillary Clinton would have been the equivalent of a tea party candidate in most European countries. In that sense, your question asking about left wing extremism is kinda moot since there basically aren't any left wing extremists. Radical c... | Other |
How does a tsunami occur with literally no warning? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The wave doesn't actually visibly appear until it hits the coastal shelf, about a few hundred or so meters from shore, depending on the local geography. Until that point, it doesn't hardly protrude above the surface at all, and is traveling at hundreds of miles an hour. So, yeah, in a lot of places that don't have mass... | Physics |
“ What is happening when your eyes get heavy from lack of sleep “? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Muscles you use the most tend to get tired first, like for example, if you walk all day your legs will become fatigued. This also applies to the muscles around your eyes - your ocular and brow muscles become tired because you’re using them for most of your waking hours. Looking at a computer screen for a long time or h... | Biology |
What is a basic intuition for Gödel's incompleteness theorems? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Take the sentence, "This sentence is false." Is it true? Well, if it is, then it's false, so it's not true. So it must be false. If it's false, then it must be a true sentence (it says so itself!), so it's true. Wait a minute...something weird is happening, and you might intuitively recognize that it's because the sent... | Mathematics |
what’s the difference between covalent and polar covalent bonds? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | All forms of bonds are a sharing of electrons. Atoms "want" to have a stable number of electrons; in the simplest cases, they want 8 electrons in their outermost energy level, and they will "borrow" electrons from other atoms to fill up this level. The three traditional categories (ionic, polar covalent, and covalent) ... | Chemistry |
How the US hasn't succumbed to becoming victim of nationwide inflation when it is at $23 trillion in debt with? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | People still want to buy things in dollars and the Treasury keeps paying interest on the debt. The debt is held by people and corporations as investments. Right now the government is offering them at a steady rate to finance deficit spending. The interest rates on these are very low, because the government has always p... | Economics |
How does 3-in-1 body wash, shampoo, and conditioner work? Wouldn't that seen like a bad idea? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I had a high school chemistry teacher put it simply for my classmates and I long ago. Shampoo strips dirt and OIL. Where as conditioner replenishes that oil and other nutrients. So a true all in one cannot chemically exist. I've held to that and used separate products ever since. You may get close results possibly with... | Chemistry |
Air weighs 14 pounds per square inch, yet we don't feel it crushing us. The notion that internal pressure somehow acts as a counterbalance just seems to mean that we're being crushed in both directions. Shouldn't we feel this massive weight on us? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If it helps, we're already "crushed." Our species evolved on this planet; we evolved "resistance to crushing of 14.7 psi_a" as part of the process, because otherwise our ancestors would've died. With regard to the physics, most of our body is water, which is relatively incompressible, so that's not a hazard. What the b... | Physics |
Why we need measures when doing integration (Real Analysis/MeasureTheory)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Suppose you want to integrate a function that only takes the values 0 and 1. The integral should be the ``size" of the set where it has value 1. Assigning sizes to sets is exactly what measures do. All the complicated stuff has to do with making sure the set of sets which you can measure is large enough to permit stron... | Mathematics |
Why is it recommended to guess the same letter when running out of time during a multiple choice test? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | On a twenty question test, suppose you've answered 16 of the questions the best you can, but have no clue on the last four--you can't eliminate a *single* answer. For each individual question, an answer has a 25% chance of being right, so if you pick B, 1/4 times you'll be correct. The formula for looking at multiple q... | Mathematics |
squirting porn is just urine, right? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Kinda. So the fluid that’s released during squirting is essentially watered-down urine, sometimes with a bit of ejaculate in it. It comes from the bladder and exits via the urethra, the same as when you pee. In very rare cases some biological females are capable of producing a large quantity of ejaculate but this usual... | Other |
What's the history of the prefixes in front of many African American first names? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well to understand it, we should ask about the suffixes that were before. During the civil rights movement, many black people wanted to reconnect with African roots since they had been forced to forget their African languages and carry European names. Many black Americans started naming their kids African names or name... | Other |
Why is homosexuality associated with aids if heterosexuals get it too? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | AIDS is spread almost exclusively through bodily fluids, particularly blood and semen. It is more common for anal sex to result in bleeding than with vaginal sex, so those who participate in anal sex are more likely to be infected. What's more, in the 1980s, when homosexuality was frowned upon by mainstream society, cl... | Other |
how is mathematics used to explain/describe things? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The question is a bit broad, what do you mean with something real? I mean, take a ball used for golf. There are equations that represent a sphere. There are equations to calculate the surface area, the volume, the radius, etc. With all this math can explain something real. It also works on a bit more abstract things. M... | Mathematics |
Why do some things cut better with a serrated knife and others with a straight blade? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It actually depends on a few factors. What you are cutting, the type of knife or blade you are using, and other things like temperature of the knife and the object you are cutting. The biggest determiner, is the thing you are cutting. Soft, malleable things like loaves of bread, or very loose meat, don't cut well with ... | Physics |
What are bumps on spines for? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The bumps are the spinous process of each vertebra. The spinous process and the transverse process on either side of the spinous process are points of attachment for the muscles that maintain posture and movement of the spine. They don't serve to protect the spinal cord. They simply provide leverage so that the muscles... | Biology |
Why does honey never go bad? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Honey contains more sugar than saturated water. This means that if you drop some water on it, it will be absorbed. For fungi/bacteria, it means there is no water available... So honey basically has the same properties as dried up food. Besides, it contains some components that actively destroy bacterias; the most impor... | Chemistry |
What is Modernism and other movements? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I can answer most of the -isms that deal with architecture: **Modernism** with a capital 'M' is the idea that "less is more". This movement was a response to the first world war to answer the calamity that society suffered in Europe. This movement would travel to America and be dubbed "International Style" to the chagr... | Other |
Why do some high-end digital cameras have much lower megapixel counts than some budget models? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The amount of megapixels doesn't necessarily make the camera better. The sensor size/quality + lens used is what matters most. As an example, the 1DX is a full frame sensor. If you get a budget model like a Canon ELPH 180 it is capable of saving images to 20MP format, but it only has a 1/2.3" sensor. If you look at thi... | Technology |
What is Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty (NATO), what does it do? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty is pretty much the entire reason for the treaty -- the mutual defense. It basically says that an attack on one member is an attack on all members, and if a NATO member has been attacked (within the restrictions defined in the treaty), then the other members are obligated to assist... | Other |
Why are we encouraged to not put things like oil and pills down the drain, but we're allowed to use things like drain declogger? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Oil congeals and creates blockages in pipes. Pills dissolve and the drugs inside them can contaminate the waterways the drains empty into, even after going through a water treatment plant. Drain declogger has neither of these issues. It removes blockages, gets rid of grease and oil buildup that may lead to them, and it... | Chemistry |
Why is it important for US presidents to release their tax returns? When leaders of other nations don't? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The premise behind the idea is the fact that we have laws that forbid a sitting president to profit directly from their position. Also, the concern that business priorities would conflict with national policy. For example, if it was found out that Trump had invested heavily in US Steel manufacturers, then his tariffs a... | Other |
Why can't water get hotter than 100 degrees Celsius? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You *can* get water hotter than 100. The key thing is that when water turns into water vapour, it cools down. So when you boil water, it heats up until the rate of heat loss from boiling equals the rate of heat gain from the heat source. Then it's being heated and cooled at the same rate, so it doesn't change temperatu... | Chemistry |
How do the forces of gravity and magnetism differ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Every force has a sort of "Charge". For gravity, we call that charge "Mass". In electromagnetism, we call it "Charge". In the strong force, we call it "Color Charge". We don't really have an understanding of fundamentally what these charges are, we just know that they carry force, and react to other charges. The intens... | Physics |
Why does television have so much bandwidth compared to Internet? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The advantage television has here is that one signal is sent out by the transmitter, and everyone receives the same signal, and no return signal is needed, and different channels are using different frequencies. With an internet line, every end user is receiving an unique signal. (Also, 1080p is rarely used OTA, it's u... | Technology |
What is block-chain technology and how does it work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Okay, I am going to actually try to ELY5 So imagine you, me and 3 other people (Johnny, Sally and Steve). All 5 of us have a book and pen. The book contains record of the balance of all 5 of our bank account. Like so * You: $5 * Me: $3 * Johnny: $2 * Sally: $25 * Steve: $0 Johnny wants to sell 5 of his apples to Sally ... | Technology |
How do gymnasts/dancers/figure skaters not get dizzy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They do what's called *spotting,* where they focus their eyes on one spot and turn their head and body at different speeds, so that they can spend most of their time with their eyes fixed on that spot. You'll often notice gymnasts, dancers, and figure skaters' heads seem to whip around really quickly compared to their ... | Biology |
Should we expect DNA based alien life or is DNA only one possibility which happenned only here on Earth? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's pretty much guaranteed that aliens wouldn't have the same type of genetics that we do. DNA is only the molecule that came to be here on Earth. There's absolutely no reason whatsoever to believe it is unique. Hell, [we already have developed]( URL_0 ) many analogues artificially. And like Feynman says "The imaginat... | Physics |
I understand the concept of how ray-tracing works, but what was changed to make it work in real-time on graphics cards? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | New algorithms simplify the computations required. Also, building GPU chips for ray tracing means the hardware is better suited for the specific tasks that ray tracing demands. We've heard for years that real-time ray tracing was decades away from being possible (or perhaps impossible), but that was assuming every sing... | Technology |
In trading Options, why are option spreads better than just an option? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Option spreads lowers your cost to get in on bull call spreads, which is a great place to start. Simple strategy, simple results. You could buy a SPY 340/345 debit spread. It works as follows, you buy a call at 340 while also selling a call at 345. The 340 call might cost you 2000 to buy, but you take in 1750 from sell... | Economics |
Why are we encouraged to not put things like oil and pills down the drain, but we're allowed to use things like drain declogger? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Oil congeals and creates blockages in pipes. Pills dissolve and the drugs inside them can contaminate the waterways the drains empty into, even after going through a water treatment plant. Drain declogger has neither of these issues. It removes blockages, gets rid of grease and oil buildup that may lead to them, and it... | Chemistry |
What happens to all the plastic that people collect on clean up drives from beaches, forests etc.? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | " doesn't it still end up in some dump or something?" It does, the problem is (in general), that it didn't end up in a dump the first time. It started it's life as litter tossed in roads (with drains to the lake/ocean), litter on the beach, litter tossed off the side of a boat, garbage blowing off a barge or, in some o... | Other |
. Why is it that on back to back sunny days one day can be 80° and the next day it'll be 90°? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | While most people think of weather as a form of induction, as energy moves from substance to substance, and creates our sense of heat as a result. That's not actually how the sun itself works, however, as the sun heats the empty space around it (and all celestial bodies in its field) with radiation. The scattering effe... | Other |
How does caffeine improve the effects of paracetamol ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Caffeine is known to have a mild but important effect in enhancing analgesic effects of drugs. It's not clear how but some hypotheses are: 1) improved drug absorption by lowering gastric pH and increase gastric blood flow 2) reduced metabolic clearance of drugs by reducing hepatic blood flow 3) blocking peripheral pro-... | Chemistry |
How come, when your fingers are “frozen” from being outside in the extreme cold, running hot water over them hurts like hell, while running cold water over them warms them up? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because the sensory nerves in your body do not measure temperate in absolute values. They measure them in relative values. So a nerve in you hand doesn’t go “hey this thing is exactly 20 degrees (Fahrenheit, but the concept applies for whatever measurement you want)” it can’t know that. All it can know is “hey this thi... | Chemistry |
what happens when a pair of shears hits that creamy smooth glide-cut and what causes this? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The first thing that you need to understand is that when you use scissors in the open close motion, you're not really "cutting". You're tearing the paper. You're just doing it really really.... really precisely. Put a piece of paper on the edge of a desk. Hold it down with one hand and pull the part hanging off in a do... | Physics |
Why is a larger digital camera sensor better than a smaller one? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When you have bigger pixel buckets, the buckets stay cooler and are more likely to absorb the light accurately. Think of it like this, the more light that hits your pixel buckets, the more they heat up. If you imagine it like water, the more light that hits the sooner that water starts to boil and gets very bubbly. If ... | Physics |
What is P value and why is 0.05 so important? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When doing studies that have some probability factor involved in it (say randomly sampling people), there is a chance that you may conclude a fact about something simply because of random chance in your study. Say for example it can happen that you flip a coin 4 times and every time it lands on heads. And then you conc... | Mathematics |
. How do we know everything is made up of atoms if we can’t see them? How did someone get the idea that atoms make up everything? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The original idea is actually really old.. Democritus came up with the concept that if you had a rock and broke it into small pieces, they could be broken into even smaller bits.. but at some point you will reach particles that can not be broken down any further. He named those particles indivisible- in Ancient Greek t... | Chemistry |
What is the difference between algebra and calculus? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Algebra deals with numbers, and formulas / equations / relationships between numbers. Calculus deals with functions, and relationships / transformations between functions. Basically, algebra is "basic math"; you have numbers and you have rules about what it means to add, subtract, multiply, etc. You establish equations... | Mathematics |
why do light bulbs only seem to ever go out when turning them on instead of while they're already on? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | when you turn on a conventional lightbulb it heats up in a flash, which stresses the filament. once it's stabilized at its new temperature it's generally fine, but it does happen that they burn out while on, usually if left on for a long time or if there's a power fluctuation | Technology |
Why do Australia's and NZ's climate differ so greatly? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | NZ is more southern than perhaps you realise, hey bro. Auckland at 36 latitude is slightly more north than Melbourne at 37. While Hobart at 42 latitude is more north than Christchurch at 43. & its a very dissimilar landmass, NZ having dozens of mountains taller than Australia's highest peak Mt Kosciusko | Other |
Why do consumers continuously buy a product for its 'name' rather than quality even if they're aware a cheaper and better quality product can be purchased? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > even if they're aware a cheaper and better quality product can be purchased? Because they're **not** aware. Most people aren't in a position to try every single comparable product. Especially when it comes to expensive electronics. So they have to base their purchasing decisions on popular opinion, which is often mor... | Other |
Similar to a recent question posted here, but not really. How does "consciousness" work? In other words, how am I me and not one of the other 7+ billion people? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | That's kind of a philosophical question. Scientifically, your consciousness is all just electrical impulses and brain chemicals. Philosophically, does that make you conscious and self aware or just an incredibly elaborate machine? There's no real "correct" answer. As for how you differ from everyone else as far as your... | Other |
Why does Apple have to have everything in their hardware/software proprietary? Why can't they make something that's open source or uses open source components like Android does? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They make more money on their proprietary connectors like the Lightning cable because other companies have to pay to make gadgets that work with Apple devices. Their homegrown filesystem has some sanity though: it made a LOT more sense when it was first invented years ago and the established players weren't as establis... | Technology |
Why is the absolute zero the lowest possible temperature? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | What does absolute zero really mean? --- You will often hear people say that absolute zero, or 0K, means that all atomic and subatomic motion stops. This is wrong. Electrons are bound to their atom's nucleus by the electromagnetic force. Thus we call electrons in atoms a "bound system", because the electrons cannot mov... | Physics |
Does the universe have a center? Can you go out in any direction and return back at Earth? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There's no center of the universe. If you go in one direction you will never circle back around to earth. The universe extends infinitely in all directions, and space itself expands at all points in all directions everywhere at once at the speed of light. Because of the way we observe the univrse however, there is an a... | Physics |
why is facilitated diffusion considered passive transport? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Facilitated-Type Transport proteins do not need ATP to change shape. The Transport Protein will change shape by just interacting with the solute passing though. It's like how a magnet could change the shape of a bunch of iron fillings/pieces if placed nearby. It's passive b/c the solutes move from a [high] to a [low] u... | Biology |
Why do Hydrogen bombs produce a far more devastating explosion than Atomic bombs? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There's a pit of Hydrogen in the middle of the fissionable mats at the core, then when is compressed, it super heats to the point of fusing the H atoms, which release Neutrons back to the Pu. This in tern allows for more of the Pu to go through fission and release more energy. A regular fission (Atomic) bomb doesn't ge... | Physics |
why does the number of neutrons in an atom affect its stability? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The subatomic particles in the nucleus communicate a force. That force (called the Strong nuclear force) is attractive and it pulls the particles together. Protons and Neutrons both communicate this force but Protons communicate an additional force and that force is not an attractive force. It can be attractive but onl... | Chemistry |
How do 4chan raids work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So a thread, usually from /pol/ or /b/ decides, "fuck this person/group." And goes to do something damaging to their image. The best case of this is probably the Habbo hotel raids or the Taylor swift/mountain dew contests. Which were both successful and pretty well known. In the case of Habbo they came up with the stor... | Other |
Why can we bend our index finger's first joint freely but we can't bend our other fingers first joint(thumb excluded) without the others slightly retracting? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your fingers don't move themselves. They're like puppets controlled by muscles in your arm. How they can move depends on where the strings (tendons) are attached. If you imagine a puppet hand (minus thumb) controlled by strings, with a glove (the skin) covering the hand and the strings, you'll get a better sense of the... | Biology |
Why does time go so slowly when we're little, yet as we age, time seems to get shorter? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are two possible explanations I know of. The first has to do with how your brain treats new experiences and information. When you experience or learn something new, your brain pays extra attention to it and you tend to consciously remember it more. Your probably remember your first kiss, first drink, first job in... | Biology |
What is the difference between a normal derivative and deriving on a particular point of a function? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | On nice functions you can apply normal rules for derivatives to get a value or a function describing the derivative *everywhere* ( if you get a function and not a constant as result, you just insert the point you want to know the derivative of in the function to know the derivative of that location. But all functions a... | Mathematics |
Why do we use the term "Matrix" to describe materials? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A material that is a matrix is a material that has something else embedded in it, and the idea is that idealized it is like a little grid with things in it, like a mathematical matrix. So like, if you had a bunch of limestone, that would just be limestone, but if the limestone had a bunch of diamonds in it (for some re... | Chemistry |
Can one-way blurring lenses exist? Why or why not? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | That is an effect of cylindrical, rather than spherical lenses. The simplest case: A glass cylinder will do a lens projection around its axis, flipping the image, while detail perpendicular to that axis just passes through it like through a pane of glass, essentially mirroring the image instead of turning it 180° like ... | Physics |
Why do various recreational drugs have such different effects, if most of them do the same thing: release more, or inhibit the reuptake of dopamine or serotonin? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | EDIT2: A lot of people say it's too complex and includes extraneous information. I agree, and will edit this to be more nicely digested later. *Never let your brain drink and describe!* MORE EDIT: I hope everyone who comments understands that this isn't a perfect answer, and no answer is. There are a billion ways to si... | Biology |
how does foam prevent/suppress fires exactly? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If you looked at the foam under a microscope what you would see is it looks kind of like a honeycomb in which large pockets of air are trapped in a web of very thin, non-flammable liquid. The non-flammable liquid component of the foam is forming a physical barrier that prevents oxygen from reaching the fuel underneath.... | Chemistry |
What happens to people who got in debt from medical care but then they're unable to pay them at all and it's all too late? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The hospital can send it to collections. If they think they can get any sort of money out of you they may sue you and get a court order to garnish wages or force the sale of some assets. If you're, say, a broke homeless person that won't ever likely have significant money they won't bother and will just eat the loss. | Economics |
How is sepsis and septic shock without an infection possible and why is the mortality rate higher? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Quick definitions: sepsis is often defined as a systemic inflammatory response with a known or suspected source of infection (though the definition of sepsis has been frequently revised over the years!). Septic shock is further defined as sepsis with persistent hypotension and/or poor organ perfusion after fluid resusc... | Biology |
How does your body/brain stop you from rolling out of bed every night while tossing and turning? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I have very little knowledge, but for what I know, your brain releases an hormone (I don't remember the exact name but a quick google search will help you) that paralyses you, while you sleep. When your brain releases this stuff but you're not totally alseep yet, is when some people experience "sleep paralysis". | Biology |
Given that the universe does not have a center, and all positions are relative, what's wrong with saying Earth is the centre and that the Sun revolves around it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Nothing, we do it all the time. Every time you say you are driving at 75 mph, and not something closer to 70,000 mph, you are implicitly assuming the earth is stationary and everything moves around it. Problems arise when you assume choosing the earth as the center is somehow special or meaningful. If you are guiding a... | Physics |
Is it more beneficial to eat or skip breakfast? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Tldr; when you eat doesn't matter nearly as much as you might think, just make sure you eat an appropriate amount each day. The studies that purportedly show breakfast is the most important meal of the day usually involve schools in low-income areas that provide breakfast to students for free (essentially meaning that ... | Other |
How did this guy manage to glide across the whole pool? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Buoyancy isn't necessary when you have lift. The way he is angling his legs means he is more or less forcing the water under him down, which of course means the water pushes him up because of Newton. His entire body is acting sort of like a wing, lifting him up out of the water. If he slowed down too much, he would sin... | Physics |
How can people with metal braces, screws, plates in their body go into MRI machines? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Source: was an MRI-operator and researcher for years. A lot of metals, such as iron, are "ferromagnetic". This means they can 1) form permanent magnets, and 2) are drawn towards magnets. Most body implants are however made out of metals that are *paramagnetic* such as titatium. This means that while they are not drawn ... | Biology |
Why is there a chip shortage? Can't they just make more chip factories? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Demand increased too fast and unexpectedly. Building new chip production lines takes **at least** 2 years, so unless demand goes down again (unlikely) the shortage will last for a while until they can catch up. Chip production is a highly complex process with many substeps that all need very specialized equipment. You ... | Economics |
How do the Queen of England / The Royal Family make their money? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's a bit complicated, but basically the royal family are career investors - they own real estate and investment businesses which give them money regularly without them having to do any work or anything. Basically, once you get rich enough, just owning wealth (in the form of land and properties) is enough to get more ... | Economics |
How Do Waterfalls Freeze Even When Moving Rapidly? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | By being REALLY cold. But more generally, they freeze at the bottom first, and if temperatures remain constantly below freezing the water contacting the ice at the bottom will freeze, tiny layer by tiny layer in much the same way a stalagmite forms, but much more quickly. Eventually it’ll reach the top and the source, ... | Physics |
Why can gas prices be so different between two stations? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well, the price can be whatever they want it to be... why might it be different, maybe shell has a cheaper source of fuel, maybe shell does a better concession business to subsidize the gas price, maybe shell or xtra is slow to match and you caught them in that window. Or maybe xtra is on the better side of the road an... | Economics |
If the Russians kept beating the US in the early space race, what kept them from reaching the moon first? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The US saw it as matter of national pride. They were worried that if Russia beat them to the moon (the last "easy" space challenge), they'd forever claim superiority. So America pulled out its chequebook. It spent $25bn on the Apollo programme (a massive amount for the time). It managed to mobilise resources and expert... | Other |
Why is it that only one nostril ever runs or bleeds? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The septum ( the bit of bone, cartilage, and flesh the separates the nasal passage) goes quite a ways back into the skull ( 5 to 7 inches on an adult and is connected to your mouth). Blood and mucus usally follow the pathway of least resistance with gravity so what does not run out of the one side mostly is swallowed. | Biology |
Why do many things, e.g. students grades in a class each year, follow the distribution of Bell Curve? Shouldn't they follow a random distribution each time? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This is due to the central limit theorem. Basically, if you have a random variable, the *sample averages* will tend towards a random distribution. This really cool, because it says *NOTHING* about the random variable! It could be uniform, it could be skewed, it could be anything; as long as you take samples, average th... | Mathematics |
how did we document time before Christ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The same way we do now. The invention of AD and BC was popularized by scholars to make the birth of Christ an important part of history however how we actually track time (24 hours in a day, 30(ish) days in a month, 12 months and a year) did not change. Different cultures used different starting points as their "beginn... | Other |
How were movies edited, processed and beautified with effects and text before computers were common? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Movies were edited by physically cutting and arranging film with blades and adhesive tape. The amount of "processing" and effects were very limited, but might include frame by frame airbrushing or practical effects. Text would be added by painting the words on a clear overlay on the film. The composite image would then... | Technology |
Why do things have colours? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I'm no expert here, but it has something to do with the configuration of electrons. Depending on energy between energy levels of electrons the wavelength changes. This is also why elements in the same group have some similarities and transition metals have multiple colors depending on oxidation state - different electr... | Chemistry |
This is gross but would a human egg taste like a chicken egg if it was scaled up in size? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Nope A chicken egg contains all the nutrients that the embryo will need to form into a baby chicken, there is no resupply so it has to have all of the food within it A human egg is just a single cell that gets fertilized, it has no nutrients in it because it will implant on the uterine wall and be fed by the placenta u... | Biology |
How does a multivitamin work? Where does all the huge amount of supplement actually come from, and why isn't it considered as reliable as getting the same nutrients from food? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The vitamins are created artificially and mixed with each other and the ingredients required to form it into pills (or gummies). When ingested, it's broken down and absorbed into your body like anything else. It's less effective than getting vitamins with your food for a few reasons, not least of which is that your bod... | Chemistry |
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