question stringlengths 0 2.44k | prompt listlengths 1 1 | ground_truth stringlengths 0 8.31k | category stringclasses 12
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Why and how are we (humans) able to predict where a object will land (after thrown) and thus catch it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We evolved to do this. Humans have very unusual shoulder architecture compared to the other apes that gives us a unique leverage to throw things with great force and accuracy. Once an object is airborne, the human brain is (with practice) extremely good at calculating the expected trajectory. The physics involved is pr... | Biology |
If Amazon doesn’t turn a profit, how is Jeff Bezos so wealthy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Amazon spends all the money it earns on expanding its buisiness currently, which does mean no actual profit on the recordbooks, thus no profit going to the owners of the company (bezos and shareholders). But this does have the habit of boosting up stock price because this action boosts potential future profits. Bezos o... | Economics |
Do big brand stores such as Walmart pay their workers with money that people spent at that store or is it money from elsewhere, if so, where? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Corporate stores pay via check. In mom and pop sole proprietorship type stores you will often be paid from the register. but any big concern is going to run something through some sort of payroll service. The question of whether or not Walmart or a similar organization will let you cash your paycheck on site is separat... | Economics |
How does water intoxication work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Drinking too much water causes an excess of water outside your cells. Because you’re increasing the amount of water but not increasing the amount of salts/solutes, the concentration of those salts decreases and osmotic pressure forces water into your cells. This causes them to swell, and notably also forces more water ... | Biology |
How do you calculate irrational powers? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You do it by extending the definition of exponentiation. We know that 15^2 < 15^e < 15^(3). Similarly, we know 15^(27/10) < 15^e < 15^(28/10). If we wanted to, we could mess around with limits and figure out a value that 15^e converges to. Instead of doing that each time, we redefine what it means to take a power. a^b ... | Mathematics |
why does hot water feel so good on poison ivy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Heat overloads the nerve network so effectively that the urge to scratch is abolished for hours. Usually you stimulate the nerves through scratching, although that isn't as intense and is more localized than hot water all over your skin. The reason scratching is bad for you is because the friction tears your skin and c... | Biology |
Why is the chemical GenX considered safe in Telflon pans despite having the similar carcinogenic implications as it’s precursor? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well, tldr: because it is safe, in the form of Teflon (which is a solid polymer), but as a monomer, it is dangerous to humans. By itself, it is dangerous, but that hasn't stopped the use of dangerous chemicals, just increased safety standards during the manufacture. Once you change the chemical bonds inside the molecul... | Chemistry |
When a company is sold or part-sold, how does that result in the company itself having more money to invest? Doesn't the money just to go the old owners? I'm thinking of early stage start-ups and "series A financing" or "seed funding". | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There is generally two ways of selling a company. It can be a private deal between the old and new owners to transfer the ownership in return for some cash or shares. But it is also possible that the owners orders an emmision where the company will print new shares for the new owners to buy. The money will then go to t... | Economics |
What is the purpose of a decanter and how does it work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Decanting is just a way of pouring a liquid in such a way that any denser material remains in the original vessel. The glass itself is typically not that remarkable, aside from usually looking pretty. It can be done quite easily in a wine bottle, if you slowly pour liquid out of the bottle, the densest bits (in this ca... | Chemistry |
Why does including numbers and special characters in a password make it stronger if a hypothetical brute force hacker has no prior information about the composition of the password? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Imagine you have a password lock, but it is only one character and can only be a 1 or a 0. Pretty easy to crack isn't it? There are only two possible combinations, you've got a 50/50 chance of guessing it on the first try. Now imagine the same one character password can be any number between 0 and 9. Guessing the passw... | Technology |
Fruits or vegetables which are high in certain vitamins. Are they of actual use to the plant or just a by product or both? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I mean, the vitamins are produced for some function in the plant vitamin E for example is an antioxidant, which is used to counter some of the effects of oxidizing agents which can cause protein and DNA damage. One large factor in the production of oxidizing agents is UV radiation from the sun, so plants grown in areas... | Biology |
Since US coins were originally made of valuable metals, why are nickels worth less than dimes despite being larger? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Contrary to other answers here, it's *not* to make the value of the metal in the nickel equal to five cents! The real answer is apparently government pork. The first nickels were minted at the end of the Civil War, when gold and silver were being hoarded. The US government introduced copper+nickel coins whose value as ... | Economics |
Why do you sometimes forget/misjudge everyday mundane things? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So this is actually a pretty well documented phenomenon, it even has a name: Wordnesia. Unfortunately, there just isn't a good way to reproduce it in a lab setting because it happens so randomly, so studying it is difficult and experts can really only guess. A possible explanation: Usually reading and writing these sor... | Other |
What is Compartmentalization in psychology? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Pretend your brain is a library- You dont want all of the work problem books mixed in with the childhood memory books! So, you make sure to organize your library and keep all the books where they belong- that way they dont cause a mess or problem and you can keep enjoying your library. Basically you keep your emotions ... | Psychology |
how do computers calculate pi? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Unless somebody is doing something silly, computers don't calculate pi. They already know what it is (just like you know it's at least 3.14, and lots of people know it's 3.14159 and a some people know it's 3.1415927 and a very few people know the next few hundred digits). Intel computer chips have an instruction to loa... | Mathematics |
How does currency change its ‘price’ when it’s going to be converted to another currency? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Not sure if this is the answer you’re looking for... Converting currency is basically buying the currency you want and selling the one you have. Anytime you convert currency, someone needs to sell the one you have and buy the one you want in the open market. As demand for a currency goes up and down throughout the day,... | Economics |
how can elements combine into molecules to become completely different substances? IE: hydrogen and oxygen becomes water. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Water is merely hydrogen and oxygen stuck together. Because they are bonded to one another, they are; sticker to one another as well as other things, less reactive as the system that they use to react is mostly tied up holding them together, and because they are stuck together they vibrate at different frequencies whic... | Chemistry |
Why was the plant used to brew beer switched from blue lotus to hops? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Beer made with only fermented cereal grain ends up tasting very sweet and people found it unpalatable. Throughout history, many things were used to flavor beer to try to balance this sweetness. Before hops it was common to add a combination of herbs and roots called gruit. Kings and goverments also found taxing beer, s... | Chemistry |
What is a wave in science? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In science a wave is an oscilating disturbance through a medium. There ya go.. but really wtf does that mean. A medium is a collection of individual things. These things could be anything your heart desires. Air, water(made of individual molocules). A slinky, or string are made up molocules to.. For this lets use a cha... | Physics |
why and how do money transfer scams work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | These scams work because people don't understand what part of the money transfer system is reversible. So, they send you a check for $1500, tell you to deposit in your own account, and then wire transfer $1000 to them. You think you're making $500, but you find out the check is reversible and that the wire transfer is ... | Economics |
Why aren't letters on keyboards in alphabetical order? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This dates back to 1868. Newspaper publisher Christopher Latham Sholes ordered the letters on the keyboard to qwerty or qwertz layout that we know now because otherwise type levers of a type writer would get caught in each other while typing, so he thought. The layout puts the letters that followed each other the most ... | Technology |
Why are great workers often poor bosses? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Managing other people is not the same as managing yourself. Many people enjoy the work they do and managing someone else removes them from that. You lose direct control over the final product. You need to rely on other people. You need deal with their personal and professional problems. Many end up becoming tyrants, be... | Psychology |
Is it possible for a country to buy another country? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Theoretically yes, a nation could agree to be peacefully annexed with a transfer of wealth as a prerequisite. This was once fairly common, as small nations occasionally sought protection and wealth by yielding sovereignty to imperial nations. It hasn't happened in recent memory, but there's no UN "rule" (If UN rules re... | Economics |
If osteoclasts and osteoblasts restructure bone density while wearing braces, why do teeth shift back to their original positions if a retainer isn't regularly worn? Why isn't the change in bone density permanent? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Sometimes the configuration of our teeth is affected by other things like the way our jaw structure affects our bite, the way we swallow, tongue habits, and things like that. Those don't change after you have braces. So, for example, a retainer might help keep your teeth in place even though all night long you are unco... | Biology |
How does sound follow the path of least resistance? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This isnt really about the path of least resistance, its really more of a weakest link in the chain thing. If you have really shitty windows most of the sound you hear from outside will come from there. If you have really good windows most of the sound from outside you here will come from where ever the least insulated... | Physics |
With all the colors in shampoo, Why is the foam always white? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The bubbles are very thin and most shampoos don't have strong enough pigment that would be noticeable in that thin layers. The individual bubbles turn effectively mostly transparent with only small amounts of each color being reflected from them. When there's lots of the bubbles, those small amounts of each color add u... | Biology |
Why can you put rusty tools in an acid to dissolve the rust, when acid rain speeds up the (oxidation) process? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Depends what acid you are using. Some acids etch the metal under the rust, so the top layer of rust falls off. Some other acids convert Iron (III) Oxide (Rust) to iron ions which dissolve in water, eating away at the rust. Acids cause rust by providing ions. Because the rusting reaction is an electrochemical effect, th... | Chemistry |
How are downloads and storage mediums so accurate, such as keeping billions of bytes without a shred of noticeable corruption? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The drives themselves have on-board error checking that can remap bad spots out of "spare" space on the drive. Your 200GB drive may actually have about 205GB space on it, but that other 5G is reserved for remapping those kind of bad spots (those numbers may not be exactly accurate, just an estimate). The network transp... | Technology |
What's that feeling before eating something sour? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You feel your salivary glands working. Saliva has many uses and you are producing it day. If your body decides you need a lot of saliva right now - for example if you haven't eaten in hours and really crave that sandwich in your hand - you can feel your salivary glands squeezing out all the saliva they can muster. A le... | Other |
Why does it feel like I read about "major advancement in cancer treatment" every other year ? It's always something about a breakthrough and a possible treatment "in the next 5 years", but then it's repeat. What's the state of cancer treatment ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | "Cancer" is not just one disease. It's an umbrella term that encompasses all kinds of uncontrolled cell replication. Every kind of cancer is a different disease with their own possible causes and treatments. Journalism often fails to make that distinction clearly. When new treatments come around, they are usually relev... | Other |
How do they date cave paintings with the materials used, such as ochre, when the materials within the ochre likely date back long before they were mixed into ochre? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They mostly do it by dating other human artifacts found nearby. Sometimes they use carbon or thorium dating but that's difficult because it's hard to get enough sample. One way I heard of is radioisotope dating of deposits laid down *over* cave paintings but again I think that's rare because it relies on a stalactite o... | Chemistry |
Why can’t you combine a telescope and microscope? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Telescopes are generally limited by the size and perfection of their optics rather than what you can see. You could tack on some optics to look at a narrower portion of the telescope, but the narrow portion wouldn’t contain any more detail. Kinda like how digital zoom doesn’t increase the number of pixels, it just crop... | Physics |
How can we tell how many light years away something is? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They use parallax measurements. As the Earth moves around the Sun, it causes our angle to distant objects to change. My tracking that change in angle, we can use trigonometry to figure out how far away the thing that we're looking at is. Try it yourself, look at a nearby object and walk around the room a bit while keep... | Mathematics |
How exactly do control rods in a nuclear reactor capture neutrons and slow down the fission occurring? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It doesn't really have much to do with Boron or cadmium being non-metal, they work to slow the reaction because they are good neutron absorbers. They happen to be isotopes that will readily grab a free neutron into their nucleus without much complaint. The amount of neutrons you have flying around is directly related t... | Physics |
Why do some USB cable's not allow a connection with a PC for file sharing, whilst some do? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's not the same type of cable. USB is a four-wire cable standard. Two wires for power feeding and two for data transfer. The cable you have that is not working is probably shipped with a charger for your phone. It only has the two power feed wires, because it's cheaper to produce that way. You can plug it into the co... | Technology |
Why does water taste fine for 4 billion years, but terrible after spending one night in a glass beside my bed? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It doesn’t taste fine for 4 billion years, it goes through a pretty rigorous filtration/treatment program from either your municiple water plant or where ever your bottled water company gets it from. To stop water from getting stagnant you need to keep it moving, keep it away from air, keep filtering it, and or keep ev... | Chemistry |
Why do mail-in rebates exist? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The point of rebates for smaller ticket items (i.e., not things like cars) isn't really to sell more of the product the rebate is being offered for. Rebates are data collection and customer targeting tools designed to identify the type of people who respond well to small discounts and are willing to put in effort to ge... | Economics |
What is the difference between Actively thinking and Reactively thinking in terms of how the brain works? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Thinking fast and slow is a book that can explain this very well. You have two modes, one is quick snap decision making, system 1, and long form thinking, system 2. A great example of these systems conflicting is the following question: A bat and ball cost $1.10 - the bat costs one more dollar than the ball, how much d... | Biology |
What exactly are ETFs and are they a good thing to invest into ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A stock is a tiny ownership share of a company. It's value is related to the expected future profits of that company. It's hard to know exactly which companies will do well and which will do poorly, so a good strategy is to diversify into stocks of many companies in many lines of business. That way, the risk is spread ... | Economics |
Ultraviolet radiation falls inbetween x-ray and visible light in terms of wave length. How is it that we can see ”artifical” UV in e.g lamps? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | UV lights usually don’t *only* produce UV - there’s also a lot of light near the higher energy end of the visible spectrum. This tends to make them appear blueish. Sources that only produce UV do exist, but they’re often more expensive. They can also be dangerous because it’s not always clear that they’re on. | Physics |
Why were dinosaurs discovered so late? Really no one before the 19th century came across with one fossil? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They found fossils before that, they just didn't think that what they were finding was dinosaur bones. Very large bones would be considered the bones of dragons and giants. Smaller bones would just be bones, maybe bones of something we hadn't seen before, but that's different from knowing exactly what. Herodotus wrote ... | Biology |
Why is it that retail jobs seem to expect the most out of their employees for seemingly the least pay? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The reason is that in retail, almost every employee nearly all the time is facing a customer. If you're not "excited" about the company, constantly cheerful, etc., customers could pick up on that and have a less enjoyable shopping experience, and therefore might choose elsewhere to shop in the future. Professional sett... | Economics |
why the speed of the light is the maximum possible speed in the universe? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | "why" questions are often incredibly difficult to answer with physics. All we have done when we say that "the speed of light is the maximum possible speed" is take observations that we have, characterize these observations with equations, and then make predictions based on what those equations say about other possible ... | Physics |
With there being millions of patents out there that cover every little detail imaginable, how is it possible for small businesses who can’t afford lawyers to know whether or not their products are violating an existing patent? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Last week tonight did a whole thing on this. You don't know if you're doing anything wrong until you're sued. Apparently there is a whole world where people sue when they have no grounds to sue and either you pay tons of money fighting it or they try to get you just to settle for a ton of money because they have lawyer... | Other |
With 60 frames per second being my gaming default; Why do movies running at 24 frames per second look smooth to me but I'm easily able to classify games running at 30 frames per second as stuttering and slow? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | 1. Cameras in movies are stationary most of the time. Movies start feeling stuttery when there are rapid camera movements. This is sometimes nauseating for me. 2. Movies have accurate motion blur, which makes it harder to notice the individual frames. 3. The intervals between frames are consistent (~40ms). When you get... | Technology |
How do we know the what the large scale structures of the universe look like? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I once read this article about [galactic supercluster Laniakea]( URL_0 ) in Scientific American, and it made me feel so small I had to stop and hang on to the table. The sheer scale of these observations is mind blowing, but they cover some of the methodology in that article. Large scale observations and massive comput... | Physics |
If our planet is rotating and shooting through space, why do we see stars as dots of light instead of blurred lines across the sky? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because we are very slow compared how far away they are. Imgagine you drive a whooping 150 Miles per hour with your car. Far away objects like mountains still don't blurr because in relation to their size and distance you're still slow. Bushes on the roadside are a different story though. | Physics |
why do you have to raise the blinds at take off and landing in a plane? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If something goes wrong and the aircraft crashes upon takeoff then not only may interior lights go out, but there are likely to be dangerous things outside such as raging fires or debris that renders the area impassible. Having the windows open means light from outside can enter and make the interior visible, as well a... | Other |
Considering the recent discovery of water vapors on a far away exo-planet, how the heck do scientists actually manage to 'detect' things like water vapor and other substances on far away planets? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Each atom have a specific set of wavelengths of light they absorb. So you can use a spectrometer which splits the light into its different frequencies to look for these specific wavelengths in the light from the planet. This allows you to determine how much of each atom there is on the surface or at least on top of the... | Physics |
Where does transferred money go while its processing? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It goes nowhere. Digital money doesn't exist. Transferring money is nothing more than subtracting a number on one database and adding a number on another one. However, because a lot can go wrong if you get those numbers mixed up, they have all sorts of additional checks to do before adding the number to another databas... | Economics |
How can car insurance providers charge more simply for being male? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because they can point to decades of statistics that a 17 year old male is extremely likely to be a doofus and wreck his car. I'm not sure there's any reason they can't charge you more for being black, too, if there's genuine statistical evidence that you are thus more likely to get in a crash. The whole idea of insura... | Other |
Why does running in place take SO much less energy than running for real? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Inertia, drag, and range of motion. Inertia: You have to accelerate your whole body, keep it moving, and compensate for every little bump in the road while running. You also have to accelerate each leg to double your running speed every step. This is a lot of energy you have to spend to simply fight your own mass, ener... | Biology |
Why is a number divided by 0 "undefined"? Why can't it be represented and manipulated just like other numbers that don't exist on the number line, such as i? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | ELI5ing without calculus: Division in math is identical to division of a physical object, like a pie. You can divide a pie into any positive number of pieces 3,6,27, whatever. You can even "divide" a pie into 1 piece: it's the whole pie. How would you divide a pie into 0 pieces? It's not possible; the question doesn't ... | Mathematics |
How do thrusters or flames move spacecraft in space when there is no air to push against? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Thrusters don't really work because they're pushing *against* the air behind you. Once your exhaust is mixing with the air behind you, it's not in direct contact with you anymore and can't affect your movement. What's really going on is that you're being pushed forward by the act of propelling the exhaust backward in t... | Physics |
Why does the space shuttle have to exit earths trajectory on an angle as opposed to just shooting straight up and away? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Orbit is just the concept of falling back to Earth while moving quickly enough that you miss the planet on your way down. If you go straight up, you come straight down. If you go up and roll onto your back and leave at an angle, you fall back down, but miss and just keep falling and falling and falling all the way arou... | Physics |
What makes someone a visual or audio or other type of learner? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Hmm, it depends on a few things, 1. Let's say from your childhood you were always taught by listening and never did a lot of visual learning, so you unconsciously favour and developed this type of learning. You feel confident in it and you prefer it, thus you rely more on it and you develop it overtime. 2. If you show ... | Biology |
How do painkillers know where the pain is coming from? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When something painful happens (for example cutting your finger) there are a series of chemicals in your body involved in either transmitting or blocking the “pain” message travelling from your finger to your spinal cord to your brain. The drugs don’t know where pain came from, they just block part of that transmission... | Biology |
Fossil fuels formed by the decomposition of dead organisms. How does burning them produce electricity? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's pretty simple really. * Burning the fuel creates heat * The heat is used to boil water into steam * The pressure from the steam is sent down pipes and used to spin a turbine * The turbine will move a magnet past a coil of wire Whenever you move a magnet past a coil of wire electricity is generated. | Chemistry |
what's the difference between a primary and secondary psychopath? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | primary = born that way secondary = raised that way that's typically how those words are used with regard to most health /medical conditions btw inherited, or primary, psychopathy is really (really) rare, but it happens and so you see the 'symptoms' - like an utter lack of empathy, inability to know right from wrong, n... | Other |
How did Brazil tackle hyperinflation? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | By installing a new, non-valued currency (later named the real) that was attached to the dollar, which would balance it out instead of shed value and continue the cycle. Every payment was made in the old currency that kept losing value until the real was ready to be introduced, which would be after the interest rates w... | Economics |
Why are intelligence agencies notoriously scandalous? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > Is there literally no way to be a "nice intelligence agency." The "nice" intelligence agency is called the embassy / ambassadors / diplomatic services. They gather and communicate information that countries are willing to provide, and they handle transferring people / deportations etc. that are "legal" (according to ... | Other |
How do smaller online flight travel agents work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They act as a reseller for tickets via a centralised database for them. Since they can determine their own profit, higher volume (relative to them) allows them to discount. This makes filling planes a surer thing, and many people (rightfully so), still drift direct carrier to buy. They never work with all the airlines,... | Economics |
why do our brains randomly create stories that we believe actually happened to us? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because our brains aren't meant to create perfect recreations of events in a narrative sense; they're meant to match patterns to allow us to more accurately predict when something good or bad would happen to us. It's more efficient, to that end, to reconstruct memories from learned experience rather than to hold all th... | Biology |
Why does the fbi announce who they're investigating? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | By the time an investigation is announced it's already been underway for quite some time. The Announcement phase is typically after the court prosecutor has decided there is sufficient evidence that wrongdoing occurred. Past that point Legal Holds are issued to the concerned parties and destroying evidence (like Hillar... | Other |
How does a car's windows work the illusion of one side be faded while the other side be transparent ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | nah its just glass where it is brighter on the outside then on the inside. Glass does reflect some light, so when the difference in intensity is great you see far more reflected light than light passing through (on the bright side). It is also how 1 way mirrors work, its just glass with one bright room and one dark roo... | Physics |
When naming streets, what determines St. vs Rd. vs Ln and so on? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well, the way it is supposed to work is: - A road is a place that connects two points that is not typically lined with buildings on either side (like the connection between two towns). - A street is a place that is inside a town lined with buildings (like the streets in a neighborhood) - An avenue is traditionally a st... | Other |
when shrinking a picture on the computer, how does the computer know which pixels are important in keeping the thumbnail looking like the original picture? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In general, downsampling an image doesn't keep pixels from the original image. It averages out multiple pixels to generate a new replacement. This is why hard edges can end up looking soft and worse defined after a downscale has occurred. If you want to turn a 100x100 image to 50x50, a simple thing to do would be to ta... | Technology |
What are Octonions, and how are they useful? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | To understand Octonions you need to start with the complex numbers. A complex number is a real part plus an imaginary part: a + b\*i, where i is defined as sqrt(-1) and i\*i = -1. Multiplication of complex numbers represents rotation in 2d, and has relationships with two dimensional vectors. Step up the dimensional lad... | Mathematics |
Why airline prices fluctuate so much within a matter of a day? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Simple answer , Dynamic Demand Pricing systems are used by major airlines to update all fare prices in real+time based on a variety of factors that maximize the airlines bottom line. High seat costs for booking the day of or a day before have been common practice in the airlines even before these systems we used. Gone ... | Economics |
How do products like Icy Hot and similar products help with sore muscles? Why does it feel hot yet cold at the same time? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Icy Hot typically contains menthol and camphor. [Menthol]( URL_0 ) is an oil extracted from mint plants that triggers the sensors in your skin that detect "cold", so it creates the sensation of cold without the temperature actually being cold. [Camphor]( URL_1 ) is also an extract from a plant, or can also be produced ... | Biology |
why is math (statistics, calculus, etc) so important for a strong programmer? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are lots of areas of programming that require only basic math. If you're doing development for a moderate-sized web site or app, it's quite possible you'll almost never use any math, and never anything beyond things taught in high-school algebra. More generally, some programmers use a lot of math all the time, so... | Mathematics |
How do you make an operating system? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | With great difficulty. You have to start with the hardware, will it run on regular modern computer hardware or its own custom thing? You write code that will communicate with the hardware in a structured predictable way (usually assembly/machine code). You write it in a way that it can store and manipulate data. On top... | Technology |
How do places like Home Depot or Lowe’s color match paint colors from a paint chip sanple? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Basically, computers. There is a computer scanner that scans in the object you are trying to duplicate. That scanner feeds into the computer and the computer calculates the exact color recipe that has to be made. Then the tech goes and gets the colors and measures them into the right volumes and it gets mixed together,... | Chemistry |
How do scientists discover the specific functions of tiny structures such as cytokines or neurotransmitters? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I think the current answer is pretty whack. The answer has historically gone like this: Some biologist crushes up some organ, usually brain or kidney, and through various extraction procedures, comes up with something with some powder that they reckon is a single compound, though because it's the 1920-40s, they aren't ... | Biology |
- Hydrogen is composed of 1 proton and 1 electron. 2 atoms of Hydrogen fused inside a star, makes 1 atom of Helium that is composed of 2 protons, 2 NEUTRONS and 2 electrons. Where these neutrons come from? How can 2 protons be fused and give birth to 2 protons and 2 neutrons? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The wikipedia pages explains it but here we go: Ingredients: 4 hydrogen atoms (4 protons, 4 electrons) Instructions: 1. Mash 2 hydrogen atoms together, this causes one of the protons to turn into a neutron (releasing a neutrino and gamma radiation in the process), you end up with deutereum (1 proton, 1 neutron) 2. Mash... | Physics |
Can one buy another, specific individual's debt (e.g., mortgage, student loans, credit card, auto)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I don't know how it works in the real world or with indviduals. When you buy debt you don't pay for all of it but get all of it. For example, if I have a customer who owes 1000$ but I need cash now I can sell it to a company for 900$ now. They follow up with the customer and take responsibility for it. In other words a... | Other |
How does eating lots of calorie-dense foods make you gain so many pounds when the food itself doesn’t weigh very much? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Calories are not a measure of mass; they're a measure of how much usable energy you're able to extract from the food. Rocks have lots of mass but would have no calories because...well...you can't eat rocks. I mean, you *can* swallow a bunch of rocks (**don't**), but your body has no way to break them down and get energ... | Biology |
why do snow storms not produce lighting like traditional thunderstorms? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It can thunder and lighting during a snow storm. It's called Thundersnow. The Science Also known as thunder snowstorms or winter thunderstorms, a thundersnow only happens when a rare set of conditions occur. In fact, people only witness about 6.3 thundersnow events each year. Typically between late winter and early spr... | Other |
Why would an asthma medicine increase risk for death due to asthma? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Drug companies are required by law (at least in the US) to report everything that occurred during their clinical trials, even if it isn't clear that the drug caused that side effect. For some drugs there are literally tens of thousands of people participating in trials; if conceivably one of them died of an asthma-rela... | Other |
What's happening when I'm using a straw? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The air on Earth is pulled down towards the ground by gravity, creating "atmospheric pressure". It pushes down on everything. You, your car, and the surface of the water you have in your cup. The water doesn't go anywhere, because the atmospheric pressure is pushing down equally on the whole surface, and the sides are ... | Physics |
How do news crews record all the people at rallies / out in public without their permission when Google Maps/Earth has to censor faces? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Google doesn't *have* to censor faces. There's no legal requirement. They just to it to save themselves the headache of people suing them to have their image removed because it shows them at a strip club, or at their mistress's house, or something else like that. They might not even *win* such a lawsuit, but it would b... | Other |
Why is it a common joke that the French always surrender? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In World War I, they had some bad commanders and lost a few major battles early on, ended up losing a lot of territory. Then the two sides dug in for trench warfare and so the rest of the war was fought on French soil. It's easy to read it as "rofl everybody else had to rescue France". At the start of World War II, Fra... | Other |
If we pay for cable why do we have to watch advertisements? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because you're willing to watch the advertisements on top of the cable fees. The company isn't just not going to advertise if people are willing to sit through ads even if they paid for cable. That would be like walking away from free money. The company has bills to pay and stockholders to appease. If you don't like it... | Economics |
Why are some men able to grow a beard and others not? Is growing a beard a sign of of wellness? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | some of it is diet but more of it is gentics. Asians for example tend to have a lot harder time and are less likely to grow a full on beard as you see it other races fun fact it was seen as very special if you could in many asian cultures | Biology |
Why do stocks plummet after major events? Cant stockholders just “stay calm”? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Stock traders are predicting the future. When they think the future is certain, market fluctuation is reduced, and they can "stay calm". When they think the future is uncertain, the opposite happens. If they were to "stay calm" when the future was uncertain, they would be slow to react to things and they would lose the... | Economics |
When your first response to hearing a new song is negative, what happens in the brain that makes us start to like it after hearing it over and over? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | One theory that explains why we enjoy music is that our brain rewards us for making correct predictions. Being able to predict things had obviously been important for the survival of our ancestors, that's why our brain evolved to be this way. So when we listen to the beginning of a melody, the brain tries to predict th... | Biology |
What is the difference between being brain dead, and being in a vegetative state? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Brain dead comes with a declared time of death. There is no neurological function within the skull. On an exam a patient is without the ability to construct the pupils, move the eyes, cough or gag when a breathing tube is wiggled. The most protected part of the brain is the brain stem. It controls breathing. In brain d... | Biology |
How are mathematical constants like π calculated? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Using infinite series. For example, it was proven that pi = 4 - 4/3 + 4/5 - 4/7 + 4/9 - 4/11 +... So if you take this series and just add more and more elements, you will get closer and closer to pi. This specific series actually converges into pi very very slowly (you need a lot of terms just to get a few digits), but... | Mathematics |
What is a reverse mortgage? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Regular mortgages are when a bank gives you a lot of money all at once and you pay it back a little bit at a time over a long time. Reverse mortgages are when a bank gives you a little bit of money over time and you pay it back all at once. If you don't pay for either type of mortgage, the bank gets your house. Usually... | Economics |
How can the US cripple a sovereign country via "sanctions"? How can one country crush another, economically, with this approach? How/Why is this possible, and what options do sanctioned nations have to combat the effects? Finally, what is the end goal? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > Please explain "Sanctions" like i'm 5. Basically it is saying "I'm not going to do business with this country, and nobody else should do business with them either or I won't do business with them too." They can be targeted toward a narrow subset of all possible financial interactions such as specific goods or cover e... | Economics |
How is monetary inflation sustainable? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well, as time goes on, larger units become more prevalent and smaller units become less useful. The penny, once sufficient on its own to buy products, has since become more of an annoyance. Larger bills, like twenties and even hundreds, find themselves being used more frequently. We will eventually need to print larger... | Economics |
How the ancient government used to collect taxes from people in times where there was no national identify card policies to track them? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | That depends a lot on the place in question. Most taxes back in the day were not income taxes, but property taxes. The tax collection agent would come to your house, look at all of your stuff (particularly your land) and then figure out how much you owed based on what you owned. This of course meant that you could redu... | Economics |
What does it mean for an element to be "metastable", and how does decay of metastable elements differ from decay of radioactive isotopes? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Imagine a hill, and at the top of the hill is a small depression. A ball in that depression is metastable. It won't roll down the hill at any point, unless something gives it enough energy to get out of the depression. Once it's Out, however, it will roll to the bottom of the hill and reach a true stable state. An exam... | Physics |
How is data transmitted through radio waves? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | At its simplest, a wave can be characterised by two parameters: frequency (how often it goes from its highest value to its lowest and back), and amplitude (how wide of a difference there is between the peaks and valleys of the wave). [This chart]( URL_2 ) should help clarify what I mean. Let's start with analogue radio... | Technology |
Deep heat and other such creams. When you apply them, what is actually happening to give that intense hot feeling? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Deep heat creams contains chemical compounds such as Menthol (an organic compound made synthetically or obtained from corn mint, peppermint, or other mint oils) and methyl Salicylate (an organic ester naturally produced by many species of plants, particularly wintergreens) which are also known as counter-irritants. The... | Chemistry |
How does limiting buying of certain stocks, but not selling, help Robinhood meet their clearinghouse deposit requirements? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Robinhood doesn't buy $100 of CME when you place an order. That's 1/3 of a share, and there is no other market in fractional shares. Instead, they wait until they need 100 shares (a standard exchange transactional amount) and then they buy 100 shares and update their data base of which 300 people each own $100 worth (t... | Economics |
Why are charged batteries heavier than empty ones? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | E=mc^(2). Energy has mass. That said, the amount of additional mass is so small that it might as well not actually exist for any practical purposes. For instance, consider something with a huge storage capacity like a Tesla Powerwall. It can store 13.5 kWh, which translates to 4.86\*10^7 Joules. That's enough energy to... | Chemistry |
Why do England, Wales, Scotland and NI compete in world cups but join together for the Olympics? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Many popular sports originated in the UK, so the first "international" competitions were between the nations within the UK. Now many other countries take part, but the idea that the UK nations compete separately has been grandfathered in. For example FIFA has an explicit rule that each of the four "British Associations... | Other |
Why does everyone believe that Social Security will run out in the future? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Demographics. Social security is not a form of banking. Money from younger workers goes to older workers. The money younger workers "pay in" has long been spent when they retire. Today in the US people are living longer, and thus getting SS longer. They are also having fewer children (== workers) to pay taxes for their... | Economics |
How are desert Oases formed? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are underground "lakes" or "rivers" called aquifers. these massive amount of water underground, protected from the sun, exist all over the world, even in deserts. say you have a river, miles of desert, and then a mountain chain. When rain falls in the mountains and gets absorbed by the ground, it has to go somewh... | Earth Science |
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