question stringlengths 0 2.44k | prompt listlengths 1 1 | ground_truth stringlengths 0 8.31k | category stringclasses 12
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What about honey makes it not expire? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The main reason is because honey is almost completely sugar. That high sugar concentration dehydrates any cells that try to take up residence through osmosis. (Osmosis being like a gravitational pull toward balance.) If there's water inside of a cell that falls into the honey, the honey will pull water out of the cell ... | Chemistry |
I live in the low desert of California where it regularly reaches 105° during summer. Why did 12 people in Canada die from overheating in 93° heat? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A combination of the two, coupled with external climatic factors - specifically humidity. You said you live in the desert, so I'm guessing the humidity is usually pretty low. Canada doesn't have much desert that I'm aware of (unless you count tundra), and Montreal definitely is *not* desert. Raise the humidity enough, ... | Other |
What would happen if you divide zero by zero? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | As GMOsYMMV, in math we would say that zero divided by zero is undefined; that is, there is not an answer. The reason why is rather simple. Let us first consider dividing by zero in general. If one attempts to do so, they run into a problem. Algebra tells us that if you do a mathematical operation (adding, dividing, et... | Mathematics |
There are only 24 satellites for the GPS system, how do they handle signals from millions if not billions of devises communicating with them? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | GPS is only a one-way radio signal. The satellites broadcast radio signals out to GPS recievers but there's no communication back the other way. A GPS device can figure out where it is by passively listening to the signals from the satellites. If that device wants actual maps rather than coordinates, it needs to have t... | Technology |
why can DNA transcription and translation processes be 'wrong' and make mistakes? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | DNA/RNA are built out of smaller units called nucleotides, which are a bit like the links in a chain - a strand of DNA/RNA is made up of many individual nucleotides stuck together. To produce a new strand, you need to get a bunch of nucleotides and put them in the right order, so your main job as a protein designed to ... | Biology |
How come when you have spotty cell service, turning your phone on and off airplane mode gives you better service? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It forces your phone to reconnect to the closest/best towers. Your phone caches which towers it usually connects to and continues to connect to them. Restarting the phone or resetting the communication settings (toggling airplane mode, settings - > general - > reset - > reset network settings (iPhone), etc) does the sa... | Technology |
Does a hard drive change its weight if it's full storage? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | No, it doesn't. Data is stored as electrical charge, either on the platters of the drive, or within the solid state memory chips on an SSD. Adding electrons to or removing them from sections of the storage does not alter the weight. Additionally, the "empty space" on a hard drive isn't just a bunch of zeros. It general... | Technology |
How come when you open task manager to close a slow program, the program will sometimes suddenly start working again as if nothing is wrong? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I hope someone who knows some in depth details on this can chime in, but the short version is: Opening the task manager by your standard ctrl+alt+delete is not like starting any other program. It's treated by Windows differently, and interrupts other functions for a moment - that's why it can work even when the OS is o... | Technology |
If electrons move in a copper wire not by each electron travelling all the way, but by bumping into the one ahead and pushing it forward, how can electricity travel faster than the speed of sound of copper? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The electrons don't bump into each other, they can't as their charges will repel them from one another. The propagation of electricity through a conductor is solely due to the propagation of the electric field not due to the motion of electrons. The speed of sound in copper is 4.6 km/s, electric signals move at a good ... | Physics |
ATM, OTM and ITM (calls?) | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Stock options (calls) are the right to buy a stock at a pre-set price by a certain date. If a stock costs $100 today, you could, for example, pay $10 for the option to to buy that stock for $105 6 months from now. If 6 months from now, the stock's price is $120, you can exercise your right to buy it for $105, and once ... | Economics |
how can we determine what the behaviors of animals were in a time we weren’t around in? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well, we can't for sure. But we can extrapolate based on the behavior of their modern cousins, and based on things we find in fossils and anatomy. For example, sometimes large predators die with a full stomach, and we can get a sense what the contents were from a fossil (few fossils are this high-quality, but some exis... | Biology |
Why is recycling items made of cardboard so essential when they will degrade anyway? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You are using them again, saving the use of other materials to make new cardboard. All forms of recycling prolongs things and saves us using up raw materials unnecessarily. That is why we do it for anything we recycle. Eventually something will get to the point where it can't be used again, but we will have got better ... | Other |
how can a layer of metamorphic rocks be on top of a layer of sedimentary rocks? Shouldn't the deepest layer have higher pressure and temperature? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You are absolutely right, the deeper a layer gets buried, the higher pressure and temperature it is subjected to. However, there are two ways to explain your question. Compressive tectonic forces can fold or fault rock layers which would place metamorphic rocks above sedimentary rocks. A thrust fault is a type of fault... | Chemistry |
Why do newspapers, radio and evening tv news still state the DOW, S & P, and NASDAQ closing points when the people who care already know from following real-time ticker feed all day? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It is not only the day traders who are interested in those numbers. Looking at the tickers you can usually predict a lot of the headlines in the financial section of the newspaper. The key numbers are a general indication of how the financial markets are doing and the financial markets are mirroring productivity and pr... | Economics |
why does a sphere fit into a cube more efficiently than a circle into a square? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your math is incorrect. The area of the enclosing square isn't r^(2), it's (2r)^(2) = 4r^(2) (the length of the square is equal to the circle's diameter, not its radius). Similarly, the volume of the enclosing cube isn't r^(3), it's (2r)^(3) = 8r^(3). Therefore the ratio between the circle and square areas is π/4, whil... | Mathematics |
Why does mic feedback always present itself as high pitched ringing? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Audio Engineer here: & #x200B; It doesn't always. Sometimes it's low end frequencies feeding back from a subwoofer into a mic stand or similar. & #x200B; The reason that *most of the time* it's high pitched is because: * The speakers are better at reproducing high pitches * The mics are better at picking up high pitche... | Physics |
how do mathmeticians discover new formulas? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | My degree is engineering, not mathematics, but I know enough about math to *begin* to answer your question. Sometimes a relationship is discovered because people recognize it's true for *some* numbers, and they then devote themselves to trying to prove (or disprove) that it's true for *all* numbers. (EDIT: "Every numbe... | Mathematics |
if an old person gets a lung transplant from a teenager who dies, can they live a longer life because the organ is younger? (Longer than say if they got a persons lungs who was older) Same goes for a heart or liver etc. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If we're talking about flawless transplant with no problems, then yes, people with younger organs have a certain chance of living longer. For example, if you have a new heart. But don't forget that your brain and the rest of your body will still be old and prone to various failure. And you can't transplant your conciou... | Biology |
Why do kids and teenahers find every sexual term or word, or anything to do with intercourse funny? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The leading question aside... Part of it has to do with something being a social “taboo,” what with the high social stigma involved with sex. It’s an awkward transition to make if we always tell children and teenagers that sex is an adult thing, but still bring it up in their presence. The healthiest way to deal with t... | Psychology |
What does Fourrier Transform do? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A Fourier transform lets you take a signal that shows you how something changes as a function of time, and instead express it as a function of how much energy is represented by each frequency. The input is a waveform. Imagine that you've got some digital audio. If you don't understand how digital audio records *samples... | Mathematics |
Why are internet, water, and electricity not public utilities like education and healthcare in the UK? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Why? Because the Conservatives decided to privatise them, mostly. All three of those are heavily regulated though, with price controls and other control being exerted by regulators. Competition in internet works quite well in the UK, with most of the back end owned by BT Openreach and compulsorily has access rented out... | Economics |
Do brands like Coca Cola, Pepsi etc. still work on refining their recipes, or are they using the same they did 10 years ago? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | History (such as "New Coke" and various other products which come and go) suggests that they do, but that such experiments are incredibly closely guarded. I think that after "New Coke" it's fair to say that they don't fuck with their core recipes anymore, but they spin off new flavors and variants from them, which prob... | Chemistry |
How were CDs and DVDs professionally made? What computers, software, and printers are used? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They use a clean room and production line. Sound typically came from digital audio tape (in the '90s) and was then transferred on a glass disc called a master, using lasers. This master was then plated with metal to create a stamper. This entire process was relatively slow and took place in a clean room. The stamper wa... | Technology |
why are smaller guages actually bigger such as on shotguns and wire? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | gauge is the measure of how big a lead ball will fit into the barrel. 12gauge means that a spherical 1/12 pound of lead will fit into the barel. 16gauge means that a spherical 1/16 pound of lead will fit in. less lead, smaller barrel 10 gauge means that spherical 1/10 pound of lead will fit in. more lead, bigger barrel... | Other |
How does the water of an oxbow lake stay there despite it being cut off from a supply of water? What stops it evaporating like a giant puddle? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's cut off from the river as a supply of water, not from any source of water. There can be groundwater that's coming across underground from the river. There can be runoff from the land higher than the lake that will drain there instead of into the river. Water is one of those insidiously persistent things. If there'... | Physics |
How are underwater rivers formed and is the water in them any different than the regular ocean/lake water? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | its just a difference in the content of the water. if you have very salt dense water it will sit on the bottom, where as the more pure water will sit on top. Very similar concept to vinaigrette dressing in a bottle. the layers separate based on their chemical structure and density. | Other |
How did Alan Turing's first conception of a "computer" work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The way that a Turing machine works is that it has a long tape with information on it and a device that reads information off of the tape and can also write information onto it. The tape is divided into small blocks that each contain a piece of information. At some point in the tape there's a series of instructions, an... | Mathematics |
How do enemies not hear an apache (or similar heli)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This is going from my experience as an infantryman and radio operator in an Airborne unit. In peacetime, never in combat. There are a few things going here: 1) Wind direction. Wind can carry and mask sound, just like it does smell. Pilots will often approach from upwind for this reason. 2) Terrain. Being down in a vall... | Other |
- How/why do bubbles form in carbonated beverages and why do they only seem to come from the bottom of the bottle? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So... Carbonated beverages are an unstable solution kind of like a wagon stacked sky high with swaying boxes. Even though this system is unstable though it does need something to trigger the instabilities to make the boxes fall. In the case of the wagon its tiny bumps in the road or imperfections in the wagon's wheels ... | Chemistry |
How do devices transfer information wirelessly and how can the transfer speed be altered? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Radio: Your phone, laptop, etc. have radio antennas on their Wi-Fi cards. It's the same mechanism that TV, conventional radio and Bluetooth use. Wi-Fi has a problem, though: If you have 100 devices in the same area, they constantly interfere with each other. Imagine 100 people on a basketball court, trying to scream me... | Technology |
What is a strawman argument? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A straw man is when you present someone else's position badly as an attempt to refute it. It generally takes the form of arguing against positions the opposing party never took or phrasing those positions in an inaccurate, easily refuted way that they never used. Essentially, the fallacy is you're not arguing against t... | Other |
If we are clean after a shower, why do we need to clean towels? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Towels are designed to absorb the water on your body after a shower. Even though the water itself is clean, and your body is clean too, the towel will be wet and will need to dry up during that process the towel is moist, if you took a hot shower, your bathroom is probably relatively hot and humid too these are the per... | Other |
How do front facing "Virtual surround" speakers sound like they are surrounding me? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The folds of your outer ear mean that sounds from behind you bounce off those folds before entering your ear. The effect of the extra bounce is that there's a short delay and that the frequency content gets modified. So we can instead modify the sound played from the front speakers to have the delay and frequency modif... | Technology |
How does one learn to think internally? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | "Inner monologue" is related to "sense of self" - people develop it over time, but just because they aren't describing it in the same terms doesn't meant they don't have the same thing happening. But inner monologuing is most closely associated with tasks of self-planning and problem solving ("What do I want to do late... | Other |
What does it mean to "master" a song/track? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A lot of people confuse mastering with mixing. Mixing is actually the part where you adjust levels on each track of the song. Most songs have a track for each instrument, sometimes recorded at the same time as other instruments, and sometimes recorded separately. Mixing is adjusting the levels on every track, adding so... | Other |
What does “ethically non-monogamous” mean? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It means that they are in an open relationship but do so in an ethical manner, where all parties involved are aware of what is happening. This is stated to help differentiate them from people who are using "I'm in an open relationship" as a way to cheat on their partner, who may not be aware that the relationship was i... | Other |
Why is the smell foul when things decompose?Why isn't it pleasant? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Thinking about it logically, I would have to assume this is more biological instead of chemical (yes, there are chemical reactions taking place, but they are subsequent to biological processes). I don't know exactly what happens chemically, but I think that our bodies have evolved to find the smell of decomposition rep... | Chemistry |
what happens to the blood on a corpse when someone dies, it goes downwards or stops its flow or goes somewhere to the body? what happens? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It sorta pools at the bottom. It's called [Livor Mortis]( URL_0 ) (warning that link has a picture of dead person in it) Within 2 hours you can start seeing something that like a bruise on the entire bottom side. Normally your body pumps blood out of the little blood carrying capillaries. Since your body isn't doing th... | Biology |
If space and time most coexist together and one can’t exist without the other, why can we convert space to time (i.e. 1 year = 12 miles)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You absolutely can use vectors for time. Your question doesn't really make any sense tbh. It sounds like a misunderstanding of what spacetime is. Before Einstein we had classical physics with classical relativity. In classical relativity we cant assume a single coordinate system is best. Take the example of dropping a ... | Physics |
How is professional porn still profitable these days? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Porn is cheaper to make today, duplication of discs and tapes is expensive. Sturgeon's law = "ninety percent of everything is crap" That means that amateur video of any kind is not as good a professional video of that kind, even when the type of video is "amateur style porn". That small margin can offset the small dist... | Other |
- Why does peroxide poured into a cleaning case to clean your contact lens turn to water overnight, but the peroxide left in the bottle does not? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Peroxide, given the chance, will slowly decompose into water and oxygen. This process can be sped up by a catalyst (the platinum disk in the case), especially if the catalyst is heated. At low concentrations, this is fairly slow and pretty benign. However, more concentrated peroxide (sometimes referred to as high-test ... | Chemistry |
What is so special about primes? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Effectively they are special because they are the building block of multiplication (and therefore all multiplicative properties of numbers). You can think of 1 and 0 as the building blocks of addition, i.e., every additive transformation is the result of adding 1 (or many 1's) or 0. In this way, the prime numbers are s... | Mathematics |
Who decided to multiply matrix in such a weird way and for which reason ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A matrix is one possible way to represent a system of linear equations. So if you have a vector of numbers v and a system of linear equations represented by A, then applying that system of linear equations to the vector results in the vector Av. But what if you have two systems of linear equations and want to apply one... | Mathematics |
why sometimes projects encourage you to check several checksums instead of just one? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It is possible, through some very meticulous manipulation, to create something that looks extremely similar to the original product, but has something malicious injected, and some extra stuff just to make the MD5 value match. In theory, you can also do the same for a SHA1 hash. Making something that can break both of t... | Technology |
How can Netlifx offer a great selection of movies and series without ads running ever fifteen minutes, yet traditional cable tv can’t, even though they charge customers much more than Netflix does? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Netflix offers a very similar value proposition to HBO. Subscribers pay a monthly fee and get a selection of movies and original programming and neither show ads. The monthly price of premium cable channels is very similar to the price of Netflix. Cable is a bundle of channels, offering in total far more content than N... | Economics |
how does snow cause potholes on the road? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Its a combination of two things that come with snow. Freezing temperatures, and snow removal. When you have a road there are always going to be at least small holes/cracks in the pavement. these holes/cracks let water in/underneath the pavement. During warm months, this doesn't really matter and the water eventually dr... | Chemistry |
1) Why is there gaps or spaces between galaxies? 2) What fills these gaps or spaces? 3) Why aren’t galaxies connect like a web or something? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Galaxies *are* connected like a web or something [if you zoom out enough to see it]( URL_1 ). It's important to note that the blobs of light in that image are *not* galaxies. They're *clusters* of galaxies, or superclusters, which can contain *thousands* of galaxies. Consider the organization of the solar system. Most ... | Physics |
Why is "no antibiotics" a big selling point for meat? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Animals raised for meat are often given constant doses of low levels of antibiotics. This keeps them healthier in unsanitary conditions, and boosts their growth so you get more meat from each animal. The problem is that bacteria are really good at evolving to resist antibiotics, *especially* when exposed to constant lo... | Biology |
Why is it that after eating spicy food, eating hot (as in temperature) food is so much more painful? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Capsaicin (the thing that makes peppers spicy) makes the TRPV1 protein activate and sends "this is hot" siignal to the brain. TRPV1 is the same protein that sends the signal to your brain if you burn your tongue or touch a hot stove. So to your brain, you're burning something that's already burning... Making it hurt wo... | Biology |
Where did all the different units of measurement come from? And how did we get a uniformed decision on what is what? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | For the most part, somebody just creates a unit, and if it catches on, we use is. One thing that you might find interesting is to read up on the 'Le Grand K'. Basically, the kilogram was (until last year) defined as 'exactly the weight of 'Le Grand K, which is stored in France. This causes some issues. 1. I can't reall... | Mathematics |
How does clicking a link to a malicious website allow hackers to gain control over a computer? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are various ways to break out of the sandbox. Among other things, the webpage can be set to automatically download a file when you load it, with virus files being quite small and quickly completed. Then, it is just a matter of tricking you into opening the payload. Like pretending that your computer has a virus a... | Technology |
How does binary trigger current in hardware? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Is it your hand which grasps, or is it your fingers doing all the work? Is is software which puts those icons on your screen, or is it currents? The thing to understand about the computer is that it's *all* just electrical currents. All the logical, visual stuff you see represented on the screen and in the computer's a... | Technology |
why does gas exchange in the lungs depend on partial pressure of oxygen and not its concentration as in simple diffusion? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Partial pressure *is* a form of concentration. pV=nRT, which we can rearrange to say p= (RT)*n/V. The n/V is molar concentration. R is a constant, and T includes the role of temperature in the density of the gas. For liquids, density doesn't usually change drastically with small changes in temperature, so you can often... | Chemistry |
How do cameras work? How did someone figure out that you could capture an image on film? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Before we had plates to capture the image and keep it, there was something called a camera obscura, basically just a dark room or tent with a tiny hole. If done correctly, light shines through the hole and creates an image on the wall. The camera as we know it is kinda a shrunken version of this "The History of Camera ... | Technology |
How could time be non-existent? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The main point is time and space aren't separate things - they are one thing together - spacetime - and spacetime simply did not exist before the universe existed. Not sure what the "in the first milliseconds" bit means, and that's a new one by me. You may, however, be thinking of Einstein's use of the phrase "For us b... | Physics |
why do vegetarians get stomach aches when they eat meat again? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I'm not finding any scientific studies that confirm that vegetarians get stomach aches when eating meat for the first time in a long period, but if they do the reason is probably due to gut flora. Our intestines are full of beneficial bacteria that digest our food and can even help signal the production of enzymes to f... | Biology |
How do they stop the lines from mixing together when you squeeze the toothpaste? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Toothpaste is very viscous (aka thick), so it doesn't flow much on its own. Viscous fluids don't mix together very easily. Also, when you squeeze the tube, you're applying mostly even, linear pressure, which will direct the toothpaste toward the hole; there's nothing causing turbulence that would cause it to swirl toge... | Chemistry |
if a region wants to become independent, why do countries resist so strongly? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It varies on a case by case basis but a commonality is that land and resources are valuable. Spain doesn't want Catalonia to secede because Barcelona brings in a lot of money. Bosnia didn't let Republika Srpska leave because that area had been part of Bosnia for hundreds of years. Also usually not everyone in a dispute... | Other |
Why do airplane seats have small slips of fabric on the headrest? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > Why do airplane seats have small slips of fabric on the headrest? This strip of fabric can be removed and cleaned while a replacement piece is installed in short order. While people wear relatively clean clothes their heads are covered in oily hair, residue from which could build up on the headrest. | Other |
Why do people get overly emotional while watching their favourite band/singer live? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I personally don’t give a crap about the band members themselves but I get emotional over music all the time (although not typically live cause I think it usually like crap compared to the audio recording and like I said the music is what I care about.) I’m a metal head and the raw emotion of being able to scream out y... | Other |
When a big company buys another big company for let says $10bn, where the money come from, and goes? For the receiving company, to which the money goes? Shareholders? CEO? Both? And Who exactly pays, from what wallet does the money come from? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It goes to whoever owns the company. In the case of a private company, ownership is private, and either an individual or a business. With a public company, ownership means all outstanding shares, which have to be purchased back at the agreed upon rate (essentially, the purchase price divided evenly amongst all shares). | Economics |
why do our hands shake when we are nervous? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It’s a component of the fight-or-flight response. Your muscles essentially get prepared to either help you get away from the stressor, or fight it off. This is caused by the release of adrenaline when you notice a stressor. Adrenaline speeds up how quickly your muscles contract, which can lead to twitching (especially ... | Biology |
where does wind come from? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Wind comes from the changing of air pressure caused by differing temperatures over land vs water. Hot air rises and cool air falls. As the hot air over land rises, the cool air from the sea or over bodies of water, rushes in to take its place creating wind. Wanting to find the answer to a question is an inherent marker... | Earth Science |
What is the difference between odds and probability? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | TLDR: 1 in 6 chance = probability of 1/6 = 5:1 odds. The long version: There is no fundamental difference. The two words refer to broadly the same concept. The only gotcha is that different people use different names and different notation. The most common thing I see in informal contexts is, I think, "There's an x in ... | Mathematics |
How do they rationalize the transporters in Star Trek when they appear to function by killing you, and then creating a new you with the same memories at a distant location? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Using a transporter to make a new you with the same memories is not fundamentally different from waiting 7 years for all of your cells to be replaced. And because nobody has any qualms with cell death, nobody should be upset with how transporters work. Although, there was one episode (I think it was in TNG, but I could... | Other |
how do apps keep data secure when transferring over public WiFi? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In a word, encryption. _Any_ data transferred over HTTPS is secure from the device to the web page you're connected to. HTTPS packets are encrypted, meaning snoopers can't see the contents. All people trying to steal data over WiFi will see is the **domain** ( URL_0 ) and not the path (/bankingapp/login.php) or paramet... | Technology |
Why is it so difficult to make synthesized instruments sound like their real-world counterparts? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | First, I want to suggest that your experience might be coloured by 'availability bias'. If you ever hear a synthesized instrument good enough to fool you, then, more or less by definition, you won't know you've heard one. One pretty popular brand of synthesized and sampled acoustic instruments, is the Native Instrument... | Technology |
How are animals/organisms with short lifespans such as mayflies not constantly mutating/evolving? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They have evolved into a local optimum. This means that any small change in their genes would be for the worse and that such lines would become extinct or mutate back. There is always some genetic variation but it is clustered around an optimal sequence. Evolution does still happen but it requires big mutations to find... | Biology |
Why does it feel different when one touches their own skin as opposed to someone else touching it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It has to do with two things: 1) you experience yourself touching not only on the skin you touch, but also with the hand you touch yourself. (Maybe you experienced how different it feels, when you touch some part of your body that "fell asleep" and lost its sense of touch) 2) expectation: You will anticipate yourself t... | Biology |
why foods like boiled rice, pasta or deep fried fries rise up to the surface when done cooking? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I think, it is because as they absorb water their mass becomes less than the boiling water. Hot water is less dense than cold water, so as the water cools those things then sink back to the bottom. For the fries ... Deep frying is actually considered a "dry cooking" method. In deep frying though ot is actually a LOSS o... | Chemistry |
How the hell do Deep Fakes work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Honestly, I know it's probably against the rules of ELI5, but I would recommend Corridor's Crew video on their Keanu Reeves deepfake to fully understand everything that's behind this. In short, you basically have to get an actor to play the body of the subject of deepfake, and train an algorithm to match the face of th... | Technology |
Why does hot water help dissolve old dirt on dishes but cold water doesn’t? Also, why is dirt harder to wash away if you leave it overnight? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Heat produces fast moving molecules in the water. That's why water boils. The molecules are super agitated. That's why tea dissolves faster in boiling water instead of cold and that's also why dirty dishes are easier cleaned with hot water. Over night the dirty dishes become caked in their sauces, it loses water it dis... | Chemistry |
what’s the difference between a white surface and a mirror? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If a beam of light hits a white surface, it scatters in all directions. If a beam of light hits a mirror, it reflects in one particular direction. The result is that you can see reflected images in a mirror while a white surface just creates a single color that is a mash-up of all the incoming light. | Physics |
Why are intelligent people more associated with depression than others? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Malcom Gladwell's book [Outliers]( URL_1 ) goes into this pretty well. He found that very intelligent people can struggle with depression due to a shortfall in achievements compared to their perceived potential. As someone who has been told they're "so smart" all their lives, you should be working at NASA now right? Th... | Other |
What is Pi? How was it discovered, and why does such a strange number have so many diverse uses? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It’s just a relationship between the diameter and circumference of a circle. It was discovered because people noticed that the ratio never changes, no matter how big or small the circle, and it’s the only way to calculate the surface of one. It has many uses because many things in nature have circular motion. | Mathematics |
How has it been decided that the second amendment applies only to guns? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The simple answer is the Court hasn't addressed the issue yet. Incorporation of the Second Amendment is recent (2010!), and a case involving other arms hasn't worked its way up yet. In my view, knives are the most likely arm to be challenged. We know at the time the Second Amendment was drafted that many (maybe most) m... | Other |
Why do people with severe Migraines or Cluster headaches feel like drilling their head is a perfectly sane idea at the moment? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I get migraines and cluster headaches. First off there are different types and different causes. The type that makes you want to drill into your head is usually due to sinus pressure. it feels like something is pushing against your skull and opening a hole will release the pressure. Now, noone really wants to drill int... | Biology |
how do eye dilation drops inhibit the parasympathetic nervous system? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The pupil is closed by ciliary muscles (round muscles around the eye), which are stimulated to contract and close the pupil by parasympathetic innervation. This signal is sent through certain receptors (muscarinic receptors). The chemical agent in eye drops bind to this receptor, but they don't cause a contraction, so ... | Biology |
Why is sending images on messaging platforms like discord considerably slower than video call, where you're sending each other over 30 images per second almost instantaneously? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | **Sending an image** is a kind of file transfer. It uses a TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), which is connection oriented. Essentially, all hosts (i.e. both you and your friend's computer, or each computer and a server in discord's case) care about what is being transferred and if it was done so correctly. It does t... | Technology |
If multi-trillion dollar rescue package will stimulate the economy, why not do it in non-crisis times too? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Dumping large amounts of newly created money into the economy during times when it's already healthy would likely result in major inflation (since a large amount of extra money is unneeded in a healthy economy, its relative value would decrease and costs everywhere would increase). The current crisis stimulus is only i... | Economics |
When an article cites "top scientists", "leading experts", etc. what does this mean? Is there some sort of ranking leaderboard for science industries? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It means "I'm a lazy journalist who wants to add credibility to my article so more people will read it." It is also a way to refer to a scientific consensus. "We'd say all scientists believe this, but there are a few bigfoot hunting cranks on The History Channel who don't, and saying 'non-stupid' scientists is too mean... | Other |
Why is it when we chew/swallow food or drink, we don't gag but if we have to have a medical procedure that involves something going down our airway or dentist, we don't gag? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because you have no gag reflex. You have likely lost your gag reflex through the repeated taking through your throat hole of various large objects. What these objects might have been we can only guess. It is possible that you are bulimic and have lost your gag reflex that way. Perhaps you're a sword swallower. But the ... | Biology |
How do search engines find their URLs? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Search engines "crawl" the internet to search for content that will satisfy the user's search. Website devs need to optimize their website so they can be indexed (or "crawled") and they also includes optimizing the URL so it can be crawled. Optimizing (being relevant being one very key point) also helps your search eng... | Technology |
Why are food chains allowed to call their products things like "freshly baked/ handmade etc." when they are not? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Define "freshly baked" and "handmade" Its pretty hard right? What does freshly baked mean? 1 hour? 1 minute? 1 day? 5 days? What does handmade mean? Does it mean I can use zero tools or machines? Can I use some tools? Some machines? Does it mean at some point someone was involved in the process and it wasn't just 100% ... | Economics |
Why is - 1 X - 1 = 1 ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Repost from 2 years back: I give you three $20 notes: +3 × +20 = you gain $60 I give you three $20 debts: +3 × -20 = you lose $60 I take three $20 notes from you: -3 × +20 = you lose $60 I take three $20 debts from you: -3 × -20 = you gain $60 | Mathematics |
How do people depict dinosaur sounds despite not knowing what they actually sound like? Or do they just guess and just go with it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So animal sounds, like the human voice just rely on air running past/through some kind of resonator or 'voicebox'. I remember in a highschool biology lesson we got a pig's lungs and heart to dissect as a class demo, and the teacher showed how the squeal /grunt could be replicated by using a hand pump to pass air throug... | Biology |
Why do some cities not get certain restaurants? What's the decision-maker that decides what restaurant goes into a city? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Some chain resturaunts work in franchises, which means you buy the rights to build a store. The company can set very specific rules about how they want their store built, and where. They may have a limit and say that two stores must be more than 5 miles apart. Or no one is willing to buy a franchise to said store. They... | Economics |
What is AWS and what sort of work is involved? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Alcohol withdrawal syndrome is a set of symptoms that can occur following a reduction in alcohol use after a period of excessive use. Symptoms typically include anxiety, shakiness, sweating, vomiting, fast heart rate, and a mild fever. More severe symptoms may include seizures, seeing or hearing things that others do n... | Technology |
Why do some images in softwares such as Photoshop appear fine at 85% zoom, blurry at 100%, and then fine again at 125%? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Imagine an image was to be displayed 50/50 red and blue. You start out viewing it at a size when it's 20 pixels wide, so 10 pixels red and ten blue. Bam, it is perfect. Now you zoom in by 25 percent, making it 25 percent larger. The red and blue should each be 12.5 pixels wide, for 25 total pixels Uh oh, a pixel is a s... | Technology |
How did scientists prove that entangled particle show the same properties even when light-years away from eachother? How can they detect the spin of a particle with such precision across insane distances. Or is it all theoretical proof? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So believe it or not, quantum entanglement isn't a far-off mystery -- it's actually really well accounted for, both theoretically and experimentally. So well, in fact, that it already served as the *solid basic foundation* of the experimental methods that led to the [2008 Nobel Prize]( URL_0 ). That's an indication of ... | Physics |
Where does gravity come from? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > If I jumped in the air directly underneath the moon would I jump higher than if I jumped when the moon was above the other side of the earth? Yes, but only a teeny tiny bit. The Moon is so far away that its gravitational effect on you is minuscule compared to Earth's gravity. Specifically, Earth's gravitational accel... | Physics |
Apparently this decade has only just begun this year? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your girlfriend is only correct in the most old fashions of terms. The 3rd decade, of the 21st century began in 2021. But the 20’s started in 2020. They use different convention. The first one uses the 1 to 0 convention. The second one uses the 0 to 9 convention. Nobody really uses the 1 to 0 convention for decades, on... | Mathematics |
How would we know if we’re seeing a color for the first time? How are new colors created? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We actually have [colour databases]( URL_0 ), which colour scientists check to see if a colour they made already exists. If it doesn’t, boom, new colour. To most people, these don’t look like new colours, because they are all variations of colours we are all familiar with like red and blue. > How are colours made? New ... | Chemistry |
Why is 1 not considered a prime number? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Here’s a longer explanation. Prime numbers are any number other than one that are only divisible by one and themselves. Note that “other than one” - one is intentionally excluded, not because it just doesn’t work. Why? The Fundamental Theorem Of Arithmetic, which states that every number has a unique and singular prime... | Mathematics |
Why do we have a 12-based clock and calendar? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The origins of time measurement were based on measuring circles, like the horizon, or a zenith in the sky. The sun comes up and goes down in a semi circle over our heads. Circles are hard to divide by ten, but very easy to divide by six. So you’ll notice that 360, 180, 60, 24, 12 etc are all divisible by six. Using mul... | Mathematics |
Why aren’t hysterectomies, or other uterine surgical procedures done under local anesthesia (epidural) like C-sections? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Hysterectomies are an invasive surgical procedure involving the total removal of a significantly sized organ. You can't use local anaesthesia for it. Local anaesthesia only works at the extremely direct point of contact the local anaesthetic makes, so anything aside from a thin incision is going to cause extreme amount... | Biology |
why having no inflation is bad? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are two main reasons a modest level of inflation is generally seen as good. The first is that it encourages people to invest and spend rather than keep money in cash - because that cash will lose value. The second is that it provides a buffer against deflation. Deflation not only discourages investment and spendi... | Economics |
How do psychology researchers obtain informed consent without tipping their subjects off on the subject of the study? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You have to tell them what will happen to them during the study. You don't have to tell them why you are doing it or what conclusions you will draw, except in the vaguest of terms. "You will answer a series of timed questionnaires while being observed by our researchers, to increase our knowledge about how people make ... | Other |
How is calculus different from algebra? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Calculus deals with calculations of quantities that are changing, these need special techniques not part of other branches of maths. A simple example, you can use an algebraic formula to calculate the displacement of a moving mass subject to a constant force using f = m.a and s = u.t + a.t^2 However if your moving obje... | Mathematics |
What's the Iran-Contra affair and how did it lead to the crack epidemic? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I had not heard about its connection to crack, so if one exists, I'll let someone else fill that in. There were a lot of drugs going in and out of there for various reasons, but I am not sure it was directly related to Iran-Contra. In 1979, there was a revolution in Iran. Before the revolution, the leader of Iran (The ... | Economics |
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