question stringlengths 0 2.44k | prompt listlengths 1 1 | ground_truth stringlengths 0 8.31k | category stringclasses 12
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How are several lower quality photos of the same object use to make a high resolution composite picture? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | With cameras it’s all about the amount of information you can give them to work with. Having several images allows the cameras processor to stack them and use data from all of them to make filling in “missing” data (areas with less detail) more accurate than with just a single image. | Technology |
what would happen during a nuclear winter? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | First of all, you should know that nuclear winter is not settled science. The thought is that bombs that detonated over cities would cause a firestorm in that city which would lead to a huge amount of soot and ash being sent up into the atmosphere. That soot & ash would partially block sunlight and dramatically cool th... | Other |
In the Paralympics, why are the wheels on the wheelchairs angled, and what makes them differ from the usual parallel wheels? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It is called [Camber angle]( URL_1 ) and the bottom wider then the top is called negaive camber. Some cars have had high negative camber like URL_0 Cars have not parallels wheels but a have a both negative or positive camber in the region of a few degree so it is not visible to the naked eye. You do that because in par... | Other |
Why do hard metals (mohs) get worn down by softer materials? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Mohs hardness only covers large scratches. Ultimately, softer materials can eat away at harder materials through two processes that I'm aware. One is just speed: Sufficient speeds can sort of overcome mohs hardness due to inertia. Things are moving so fast that they really don't care how hard their target is. This happ... | Chemistry |
Why are so many news websites formatted so badly? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They're designed around two things- making you click on ads, and making you click on more articles. The confusing layout is, indeed, somewhat intentional. They don't want you to just read the article and close the webpage- they want you to get distracted by another headline, load another page, and possibly click on an ... | Technology |
Why do cucumbers taste so mild while you're eating them, but taste so strongly when you burp afterward? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's the cucurbitacin in them. It's a chemical that they have to help prevent certain animals from eating them (too much and there wouldn't be any to make more-hey nature!) It's mostly in the stem end so if you don't eat that part it will cut down on it too. Also can deseed them and they will help prevent excess gas fr... | Biology |
Why were wars like the American Civil War and the American Revolution fought using Volley Fire and not guerilla warfare? Wouldn't it have resulted in less casualties if all soldiers weren't lined up like sitting ducks? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I can't believe the answers you're getting. It's all in the physics, not about honor at all. Up until the civil war most soldiers used muskets. Muskets were smoothbore guns which had a practical range of a hundred yards at most. Most of the time they were fired at a range of fifty yards because they were so inaccurate.... | Other |
why does water feel colder on your back than on your front? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This is a combination of things. 1) the skin on your back will, throughout the day, be at a higher surface temperature than the skin on your front. We sit with our backs touching backrests, our closes usually open in the front instead of the back, and are more closely laid on the back, allowing for less ventilation,we ... | Biology |
Why does sad and melodramatic music have a tendency to make some people happy and feel 'better' when they're also feeling down? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Strong emotive music (ones that are sad, angry, happy, etc in nature) help us explore the emotions in greater detail. They give us an external source of this emotion which our conscience can then better rationalise where the feelings are coming from. A study from the University of Queensland looked at metal fans and ex... | Chemistry |
If wealthy people can avoid paying taxes through loopholes in tax codes or laws, how would taxing people who make over 400k be different from whatever the cutoff is now? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's not cost effective to have a team of accountants and tax pros for most people. It makes financial sense for corporations and the people at the top, but it's not worth the trouble for the vast majority of people making $400k to the low seven figures. Some of them will avoid the taxes, but many more will just pay it... | Economics |
How does adding more protons change hydrogen into iron or some other element? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | “Positive energy” isn’t a thing, unless you’re into crystal healing and chakras. Hydrogen gas is a molecule (meaning it’s atoms bound together). Changing elements is nuclear physics, and we normally just consider atoms on their own. So lets consider one hydrogen atom. It’s a proton (which has positive electrical charge... | Chemistry |
How is the earths weight calculated? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You can’t really tell the “weight” of the earth. Remember, weight is dependent on the gravity of the environment as well as it’s mass (weight=mass*acceleration of gravity, where the acceleration of gravity is different for each planet) so since the earth is sitting in space, it doesn’t technically weigh anything. You c... | Physics |
Is there any downsides to planting trees/flora in every place on Earth that we can? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I'm not an expert on this but I could imagine that it depends on what plants you plant. Whenever humans try to increase something natural they end up messing with ecosystems to some point often introducing harmful invasive species. However, I'm assuming you are talking about urban reforestation and in the creation of c... | Biology |
How a railgun functions and also Lenz’s law and Fareday’s law have to do with it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because Science did a video on this and explains better than me ( URL_0 ). However, here is a basic run down. It uses the Lorenz force for all of it. Effectively running a current through a wire will cause of a force experiences perpendicular to that wire. The force is directly increased and decreased with the amount o... | Technology |
Why do TV hosts and YouTubers have an over the top personality, when in person it would be offputting? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Kids and younger viewers mostly. Humans react to exaggerated emotion and love excitement, and kids especially so. Many content creators target younger viewers because they have more free time and are more prone to spending a ton of time on the platform. To a majority of these audiences, loud and wildly expressive = hil... | Other |
Why do two phones in the same room make weird sounds when on a live call? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | This is called feedback and is similar to what happens if you put live microphone near a speaker connected to it. Microphone on one phone picks up a sound, then the other phone plays that sound and the first phone picks it up again and amplifies it in an continuous loop ultimately causing a high pitched noise. | Technology |
How do people who make less than 10,000 dollars a year able to get a 6,000 dollar (or more) tax return? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | there are tax deductions and there are tax credits. You can deduct till your blue in the face, but that wont get you below 0% tax rate. credits on the other hand are a form of govt assistance, children/dependents are probably the biggest, there are also some education credits that students can qualify for. these are ef... | Economics |
What is Variance and Standard Deviation? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We use these for data where there are multiple values. We can use these values to make a distribution curve, which just shows how the data is spread out. If we plot these values on a graph, we get a bell shaped curve. We take the mean, which is basically the average of these values. So that's the centre of the curve. O... | Mathematics |
How does fluoride prevent cavities? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The enamel on your teeth is made out of a mineral called hydroxyapatite. It's hard and durable, but becomes soft when acids are present. Bacteria produce acids as they eat the sugars in your mouth, which soften the enamel and cause it to erode away. Your saliva contains dissolved minerals that slowly rebuild small bits... | Chemistry |
How can a liquid (H2O) form from two gases (Hydrogen and Oxygen)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The reason that water is a liquid at room temperature is because of hydrogen bonding. Yeah, it's a small molecule at ~18 amu and heavier molecules like propane (~44 amu) are gasses at room temp, but water forms temporary bonds between the hydrogens and oxygens between molecules, creating something like a lattice that c... | Chemistry |
Whats this "Earn It" bill Im hearing of recently? What do I need to worry about as it seems like people are going crazy over it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The EARN IT bill is an effort to mandate backdoor keys to all encryptions in the commercial sector. Encryption is a means of encoding data so only people with the right code or “key” can read it. It is vital for banking, commerce, and private communications. If this bill passes, all commercial companies would be requir... | Technology |
How does a computer program uninstall itself? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When a computer program is running, parts of it, and sometimes all of it is copied from the hard drive to RAM. Once there, it is free to delete the what is on the hard drive and continue running. When it is done, it signals the operating system, which will remove it from RAM. | Technology |
Do babies still dance if they haven't been exposed to it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Yes. There's pretty good research indicating that even infants as young as five months will respond to music by moving rhythmically. The degree to which they're successful at synchronizing their movements with the beat increases with age, but it's something we seem to have an innate instinct for. But it's probably more... | Biology |
What does it mean to die from “exposure?” | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Dehydration, overheating (which is most dangerous when dehydrated) and hypothermia are the main three that people mean when they say someone died of exposure. In short, this means that the environment, over a prolonged period, became too intense for the body to maintain life. Dehydration kills you because you have too ... | Other |
How do these erasable highlighters work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So the way these types of things work is that the ink used in them contains a compound that makes it so that instead of soaking in to the paper, it gets layered on top, similar to how pencil lead rubs off on paper. In erasable pens, this is usually some sort of rubber cement type thing. Idk about what chemical is used ... | Chemistry |
Why do mathematicians obsess over prime numbers so much? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | All positive integers correspond to unique combination of primes, which when multiplied together, give you that number. This can be useful for example in trying to figure if an integer is evenly divisible by another integer. Say, 36 has prime factorization of 2^2 * 3^2 . If you wanted to divide that by 8, you'd only ha... | Mathematics |
Why sliding a knife makes a better cut than just pressing it down? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Knives cut by tearing the object, much like a saw, but on a much smaller scale. At the microscopic level the edge is not very sharp, and cuts using friction. The movement of an object is what does the cut not the edge, but the edge it where the force is applied. The sharper the knife the smaller the area that the force... | Physics |
why is the download speed of a file always less than the speed shown on an internet speed test like ookla? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | First of all, you're mixing up mega*bits* and mega*bytes*. A byte is 8 bits, and internet speeds are usually given in megabits, while actual download speeds are given in megabytes. So your speedtest result is 30megabits/s, which is 3.75megabytes/s. Additionally your bandwidth is limited by the server's bandwidth. If th... | Technology |
How is it that ads load in 4k immediately but my 720p stream struggles to load? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I’m no expert but one theory is that the app (I.e. YouTube for example) stores data on your mobile, like your password, username, your downloaded videos, etc as “Cache”. This cache can also store the ads that would normally be recommended to you by your preferences. Please tell me if I’m wrong I’d like to know the answ... | Technology |
how seeds are sold deshelled so perfectly? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's a combination of winnowing and filtering. You crush the shells. Then you bounce the mixed shell fragments and nuts across a mesh. You can filter out large shell fragments with a mesh that's just large enough for the nuts to drop through, and you can filter out small shell fragments with a mesh that's just small en... | Other |
Why does black clothing "catch" sunrays and heat much better than all its other colored counterparts? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because it absorbs more light. Basically, the colour of an object is determined by the wavelengths of light it reflects. A blue object absorbs the red end of the spectrum and reflects the blue, a red object absorbs the blue end of the spectrum and reflects the red. White objects reflect all the spectrum, and black obje... | Physics |
If viruses can't move on their own, how come phages latch onto bacteria and inject their genetoc material? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Viruses can’t “move” or really do anything, in a way that requires chemical energy. They don’t have the materials within them for movement with something like flagella (little tails many bacteria use to move around.) They only float around randomly until they bump into the bacteria. But they do have hooks on their legs... | Biology |
Grapes grow all over so why is wine only made in very specific regions? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | One of the main things is sunlight. Sunlight powers photosynthesis to generate the sugars in the grapes that will eventually turn to alcohol. For example, in Napa Valley, the large amount of sunlight during the fruiting period results in an excess of sugar compared to other wine regions. This is why Napa Valley wines o... | Biology |
What makes a cloud ready to start raining? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | basically, a cloud is floating rain, but the drops are tiny enough to float. as more and more are added, the drops bump into one another to form a larger droplet = heavier droplet. this keeps happening until it reaches a breaking point where it can no longer float and it falls to start over again. | Physics |
Why are we able to see more with a telescope if we're not shortening the distance between us and the "target"? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | For the same reason you can see things larger with a magnifying glass. Think of a telescope as a series of small magnifying glasses arranged in such a way that the small speck of light in the night sky appears larger and more detailed. Its all due to the type of lenses used. | Physics |
What gives Bell Peppers such a strong scent and why does it transfer so effectively to other stored foods? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The principle chemical constituent in green bell peppers is a heterocyclic aromatic compound called pyrazine. While the etymology of aromatic compounds has nothing to do with their actual aroma, they tend to have strong odors. Aromatic compounds are also very stable given their chemical structure and this don't degrade... | Biology |
How Does the Chinese Economy/Government Work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Largely the same as most other countries. Two things to note. Firstly, the Chinese economy is much weaker than many here in the West think. It's financial sector is awful, corruption is rampant, and China has an impending demographics problem that will, in my opinion, prevent it from ever becoming a true rival to the U... | Economics |
When a person does 'cos(theta)' or 'sin(theta)', how exactly does he/she figure it out from just a number? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | sin(x) = x - x^3 /3! + x^5 /5! - x^7 /7! + x^9 /9! - .... with an infinite number of terms following that pattern. The more terms you sum, the closer you get to the true value. Once you sum enough terms, it gets to the point where the value you get is basically the true value with negligible error. Cosine has a similar... | Mathematics |
How do scientists know we're not simply still in the expansion phase of a "big crunch scenario?" | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's because of the very fact that the expansion seems to be speeding up (accelerating). If you think of Big Bang as an explosion, the highest velocity is always at the initial time and point. In the Big Crunch hypothesis, with gravity exerting its force, the universe will continue to expand but it would be expanding a... | Physics |
Why are teachers paid so little? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | For the most part, teachers are 'public servants'. They work for the local governmental department of education....rather than working for a business. A business usually gets money by selling a product or a service. If they sell a lot (or sell for a lot) then they might have lots of money to pay their employees a highe... | Other |
What is a non-newtonian fluid? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The non Newtonian part refers to the liquid not following Newtons law of viscosity for liquids. This has to do with stress and strain and shear when applied to the liquid. What this means is what when a force is applied to a non Newtonian liquid it will react differently than a 'normal' liquid. So if set on a speaker t... | Chemistry |
why does food packaging say "serves X persons" instead of "serves X people"? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Huh, who'd have thought? From the Merriam Webster web dictionary: People should always be used when referring to a collective noun such as the entirety of a group or nation (i.e. "the French People). When referring to groups of a specific or general number, either people of persons may be used, but more modern style gu... | Other |
How does self tanner react with your skin to change the color? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Dihydroxyacetone (DHA) is the active ingredient. DHA is a colorless sugar that interacts with the dead cells located in the stratum corneum of the epidermis. As the sugar interacts with the dead skin cells, a color change occurs. This change usually lasts about five to seven days from the initial application. [read mor... | Chemistry |
How did the sword become so popular? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The sword is a side arm which meant that it could be carried in normal daily life, and it would often mark the wearer as landed gentry who might kill you for dishonoring him. Dueling with swords was popular long after the sword itself became obsolete. It was a status symbol for thousands of years and when things are sy... | Other |
Why does burning food make it stick to a pan? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Food sticks due to a mechanical bond with the hot surface of the pan. When heated, the pores in the metal open up and the molecules of the burnt food get smaller, allowing them to get trapped in the pores of the metal. Some foods will stick to certain metals through a chemical bond where the food and the metal swap som... | Chemistry |
What is Copay and how is it different from deductible? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A copay is what insurance companies make you pay so that you aren't just frivolously going to the doctor (God forbid!) Basically, you have to pay a small amount, say, $50 per visit, and your insurance company pays for the rest. The difference with a deductible is the deductible is what you pay first, before your insura... | Economics |
Why when lifting a load with a chain, the angle of the chain effects the max load the chain can handle in that situation? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because let’s say you have to lift 500 pounds. This means that the vertical component of the chain’s load has to equal 500 pounds. Now if that chain is straight up and down that’s perfect. 100% of the chains load is vertical so that means the total load is 500 pounds. Now let’s say that chain is pulling at a 45% angle.... | Physics |
Does the earth 'leak' into space? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | it does, solar winds strip little bits of our atmosphere away, we lose a few tons every day. some is replaced by micro comets/asteroids. net net its relatively small, and does not pose a threat to us on geological time scales (IE wont cause appreciable harm before the sun eats us in 10 billion years) | Physics |
What does chilling cookie dough before baking it do to the dough? Does it make cookies better/is it actually necessary? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | As far as I know it just chills the butter/fats in the dough so that when you bake it they spread less. It stops you from having one giant cookie instead of 12 small ones....not that there is anything wrong with making one giant cookie as far as I'm concerned 🍪 | Chemistry |
Why do rats get cancer very often? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If you are referring to lab rats used in cancer studies, then they are specifically genetically created to get cancer. If they don't we give them cancer. Its not a pretty process, but we need to test cures on living creatures, and its a lot of paperwork killing people with failed cures. As far as I know normal rats are... | Biology |
How does White Collar crime, which is more encompassing and damaging in $ amounts, end up being relatively less-punished than Street Crime? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Two factors, I assume, are at play here. One, non-violent crimes are sentenced less harshly than violent crimes. Two, more often than not, those involved in high dollar white collar crimes typically have a high income job, aside from the ill-gotten funds, with which to mount a much better defense than, say, a back alle... | Other |
Why do some surfaces feel colder than others? (ie tiled floor vs carpet) | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because humans can't feel temperature. Instead, we feel thermal flow - i.e. how quickly is heat moving in or out of our body? A metal or a flowing liquid is a good thermal conductor. It can absorb a lot of energy, carry it away, and absorb more. Or, if it's hot, it can heat you up and bring more energy in to keep heati... | Physics |
Why do cold feet sweat? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | What you are asking about sounds like a case of Hyperhidrosis, which is excessive sweating, usually in the hands and feet. Whether you are hot or cold, Hyperhidrosis will cause you to sweat. It can also make you sweat excessively in other areas of the body including those places that you normally sweat from. The feet w... | Biology |
During anal sex do the intestines move or does the penis “bend”? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your rectum is actually about the same size as your average penis and goes straight up into your abdomen. If someone is getting rammed by a particularly large cock the rectum can stretch a bit to accommodate that. There are limitations as to how far it can stretch, but having anal sex regularly will naturally stretch i... | Biology |
Why do gas station charges take a day or two to show up on my card but just about everything shows pending almost immediately? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When you use a card at the gas station pump, it has to verify that the card is active and valid before it begins distributing gas (it's not like a gallon of milk they can just put back on the shelf if your card gets declined at the cash register). It does this by sending a $1 "preauthorization charge" to your card comp... | Other |
Why does darker clothing turn orangish/yellowish when you get bleach on it and not white? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Due to a process called "seperation of inks". You see, dark colours aren't composed of a single colour but are a composition of different dyes dissolved in specific proportions to achieve a desired colour. You can observe this phenomenon by drawing with a black marker/Sharpie and then pouring some spirit (alcohol,perfu... | Chemistry |
- why is airplane internet so unstable? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Oh wow. This is my job! So imagine every piece of information goes through hoops to get to the server and back to you. On an airplane when you fly above the clouds the information must go through a satellite, and the more hoops there is to jump the more possibilities for something to go wrong. | Technology |
- why are hydrogen cars not more prominent? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They're not particularly efficient or long-ranged, and they're a lot more prone to explosion than any other kind of car. So, there's not much interest in them. Electrics have them beat for efficiency and gas has them beat for convenience. Without interest, little to no infrastructure develops to support them, and so an... | Chemistry |
How does thermal regulation function in space? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There's two ways to lose heat: convection/conduction and radiation. What you described is convection, and it's essentially heat flowing from areas of high temperature to areas of low temperatures. The other is radiation. Every body with a non zero temperature (in K not °C) emmits infrared radiation. The problem in spac... | Physics |
Why do court proceedings begin after someone offers a settlement? Doesn't that prove guilt/wrongdoing? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | [Federal Rule of Evidence 408]( URL_0 ) — adopted in most US states — forbids settlement negotiations from being used as evidence in trials. The theory is that we want to encourage people to solve disputes on their own, both for civility’s sake and to preserve judicial economy. If settlement negotiations could be used ... | Other |
How does a speaker know what sound to produce from a series of 1 and 0s? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Great question! They don't. Speakers are analog devices, meaning we cannot supply them with the digital 1 or 0. What we use is a Digital to Analog Converter (DAC) to change our Computer's digital signal into an analogue signal that can be played. This brings up a bunch of other issues like quantization levels and digit... | Technology |
What does it mean by real numbers' set from 0 to 1 is much bigger than all natural number set? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Two sets are the same size if you can form a one-to-one mapping between the elements of the set. E.g. the set {1, 2, 3} is the same size as the set {A, B, C}, because you can form the one-to-one mapping A1, B2, C3. There are other possible one-to-one mappings, but as long as you can show at least one exists, then it me... | Mathematics |
How did vacuum tubes work? What were the differences between them and some of the earliest transistors from Bell Labs? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In a nutshell the 'filament', sometimes known as the cathode, the part that heats up and glows, generates a potential stream of free electrons. The Anode, of the main output of the tube, collects these electrons. In between are typically one of more 'control grids'. Their purpose is to control the flow the passage of t... | Technology |
Why did Tsar Nicholas get executed with his whole family? Was it necessary? Why didn’t other countries help? Wasn’t he related to the German and British royal families? Who was Rasputin and how was he involved in all of this? Why are there so many Anastasia theories? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > Why did Tsar Nicholas get executed with his whole family? So none of them could try to reclaim the throne. > Was it necessary? Necessary might be too strong word, but history is filled of examples supported rallying around the heirs of a murdered monarch, resulting in prolonged civil wars. Sometimes even young childr... | Other |
How do auditory hallucinations work/what is their implication regarding health? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Hypnopompic hallucinations (as you wake up) as well as hypnagogic hallucinations (as you fall asleep) are just a fun little easter egg in human sleep. Sleep isn't an all-or-nothing deal. You fade in and out and go through stages. In the lightest stage, you are sort of sleeping and also sort of awake. It's theorized tha... | Other |
Why does velvet fabric look so different from other fabrics when exposed to light? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Velvet fabric is woven to have many fibres poking straight out, unlike most fabrics where the fibres all lie along the fabric. So you are looking at the endds of many fibres of velvet, but the flat sides of the fibres in others. The sides of the fibres are shiny, so light reflects off them. The ends are not; and much l... | Physics |
How can a woman create a fully functional baby in nine months but can barely heal a broken ankle that’ll never work again properly? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because embryogenesis is a series of unimaginably complex and carefully sequenced construction tasks involving cellular machinery that is permanently switched off after the work is done. There's little room for error and everything has to happen right the first time- mistakes manifest as birth defects or failed pregnan... | Biology |
How do electric guitar sounds differ? As the pick-ups are electronic, they can be manually programmed to produce any sound desired? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There's no "programming" to speak of when it comes to an electric guitar and its pickups. The entire process is analog so there is nothing digital that is programmed to influence the sound. The pickup is nothing more than a coil of wire around a magnet. The vibrating string produces small changes in the magnetic field ... | Technology |
China has been growing @ 7-10% for the last 40 years (give it or take). Why is it that China needs to slow down to keep a healthy economy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Part of the problem is that a growing economy means that the workers demand a higher salary, which makes production more expensive. Many companies produce in China because labour is so cheap there. But if it becomes more expensive, companies will start moving to countries that are still as cheap as China used to be. Th... | Economics |
How come there are some automated body functions that we can "override" and others that we can't? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | For stuff like breath and blinking, those are controlled by muscles that receive signals from our brain to contract and relax. This is why we can override those actions. For heart rate, it is controlled by pacemaker cells that are independent of the brain. Another example is when the doctor taps on your knee and your l... | Biology |
How do animators match a character's mouth animation to a voice actor's speech? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They mostly don't, it's been basically figured out that there is some pretty simple tricks to animating mouths. Like they match a small list of sounds so those match then people basically will ignore anything else. So you just make a round mouth on like "ooh" sounds then a few others then the rest is basically random l... | Technology |
How does the United States Treasury Department know how much money to produce, printing notes and stamping coins, each year? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The Treasury does not know how much cash they need to create. They are told by someone else called the Federal Reserve Bank how much to create. People and businesses don't like to have too much cash laying around because it could be lost or stolen and you have to physically hand it to someone to use it. So they give th... | Economics |
Why is fusion energy not yet a commonly used energy source? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because doing nuclear fusion in a manner that is both controlled and gets out more energy than you have to put in to keep it going is, it turns out, really hard. We simply haven't figured out how to do it yet. We can do controlled fusion relatively easily - if you have some electrical engineering skills, you can do it ... | Physics |
How do we know how old the earth and rocks are? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The most common isotope of uranium has a halflife about as long as the age of the Earth (give or take half a billion years), so comparing how much of that is in a rock - or a planet - relative to the amount of whatever isotopes it becomes after decaying gives a good estimate. For younger rocks, different radioactive is... | Chemistry |
How is it possible that I had a credit score before having my first Credit Card? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Some mobile phone contracts show you are in a credit agreement and are demonstrating you are able to maintain a monthly commitment. At least, that is the case in the UK. Also, if you have bought something like a car, PC, TV, etc, on finance this too affects your credit file. | Other |
How can the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) be a virtual telescope the size of the earth? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's not an April Fool's thing, it's a real thing. First, the [resolution of a telescope]( URL_2 ) is a function of the wavelength you're looking at and the diameter of the objective. However, you can increase the effective diameter of your objective through a technique called [aperture synthesis,]( URL_1 ) the develop... | Physics |
Why is cheese always depicted as having holes in it? Sometimes they put holes in real cheese, what is the purpose of this? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When you are drawing cheese for a cartoon, it is much easier to draw swiss cheese, which has the holes in it from gas released in the process of making it, than other types of cheeses, because the holes make it very clear to people what you drew, as opposed to just an orange square or yellow circle. | Other |
If church attendence is declining so fast why are there still churches everywhere? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Most churches own their buildings outright. Most retail stores pay rent. When you own a building that was paid for by previous congregations, cost to operate it are largely independent of attendance. When you rent retail space, the rent doesn't go down because you have fewer customers, so you fold and a new store takes... | Other |
What is mean, mode and median from a practical perspective? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Mean is the most basic "average" where you add all the values up and divide by the number of values included. 3+5+28 / 3 = mean of 12 Median is the number in the middle from low to high, so half the values are higher and half are lower. This gives a better idea of the middle ground without an outlier skewing numbers. I... | Mathematics |
how do people put oxygen in a oxygen tank? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > how do people put oxygen in a oxygen tank? The first step is to isolate the oxygen. In an industrial scale this is usually done by compressing air, allowing it to cool, then letting it expand in order to cool even more. Different gasses precipitate out at different temperatures which means they can be distilled into ... | Technology |
Why do clouds move in the sky while maintaining their shape? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They only look relatively stable looking at them at the speeds we do. If you see them sped up, they do roll and split and have the more chaotic aspect you're imagining. But also, often the whole body of air they're in moves fairly evenly. In that case, the whole cloud will move fairly evenly. For a good practical examp... | Physics |
why is the moon in the same phase on different continents at the same time? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The moon phase depends on the positions of the moon, earth, and sun relative to each other. From when it's night in America to when it's night in Europe, for example, really the only thing that has changed is the way the Earth is facing, but not *where* it is. Yes, the Earth/Moon/Sun do move a bit in a day but not near... | Earth Science |
Can someone please explain Fermat's Little Theorem? No, I don't mean his Last Theorem. I'm really confused. I understand what the mod function does, but I don't understand how it's used here or what the theorem as a whole is saying. Please explain the different parts of it, and its proof. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | First, what is (mod n). Modulus is an operator that can be thought of as the remainder--well, sort of, I won't go into the more rigorous definition. So 7 (mod 3) = 4. FLT says a^(p - 1) = 1 (mod p). So if you take a number a, raise it to power of a prime minus 1, you'll get 1 (mod p). This is incredibly important; almo... | Mathematics |
Why does pouring water on grease fire increase the amount of flames? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Grease is an oil, it's a liquid at burning temperatures. Oil and water don't mix, so when you squirt water on grease you get balls of water in oil and vice versa. The balls of water in oil are a big problem. The oil is over 212˚F (100˚C) so the water boils into steam. The steam expands, spreading the oil into a big, th... | Chemistry |
Why does food look so nasty when extremely over-sized? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I think you might be referring to buzzfeed videos such as the 30lb burger or the mile long pizza. I think part of it is that the materials making up the food, like pepperoni, have ratios of size to the pizza as a whole. We expect it to be 1” in diameter on a 14” pizza but when you have a giant pizza the pepperoni won’t... | Other |
Why does shaking a bottle of carbonated liquid before opening the cap cause such a huge release of carbon dioxide compared to not shaking it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Soda in a can/bottle is highly pressurised. This pressure forces the carbon dioxide to dissolve into the liquid. When you open the can/bottle, this pressure is released, so the carbon dioxide no longer has a 'reason' to stay dissolved, and it starts to come out of solution (the fancy way of saying 'un-dissolve'). Gas i... | Chemistry |
- 25 degrees (C) is a nice warm day, yet 25 degrees is a horribly cold bath by comparison, why does water at the same temperature as air feel so significantly colder? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We don't feel a specific temperature, but rather, how quickly heat is moving out of us. Humans produce a certain amount of heat in a certain amount of time, as do all warm blooded mammals. At about 25 degrees Celsius, air pulls away heat at just the right rate that we don't get any warmer ourselves. Water has the capac... | Biology |
— when it comes to the last letter of the alphabet, why does the US say "ZEE" and the UK say "ZED?" | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | For the same reason you hear “chips” vs. “French fries” or the way you hear “brilliant” vs. “awesome.” They’re just dialectical differences in words. Letter names fall into that category of “words” too, though it feels weird to think about it that way. Letter names are just names for written symbols. An easier example ... | Other |
How does the physical film from cinema cameras get transferred to computers for editing? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Very few movies these days are actually shot on film, they're mostly digital from the start. But for the few that are shot on traditional reel, the film is fed through a digital scanner which itself is a projector with a lens kit that focuses the image onto a CMOS or CCD sensor so that the film can be recorded digitall... | Technology |
How does organ transplant from an adult to a young child work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It short, it doesn't. Children can be donors as well, though. Size is one of the major factors used to determine organ compatibility. From the [UNOS website]( URL_0 ): "Proper organ size is critical to a successful transplant, which means that children often respond better to child-sized organs. Although pediatric cand... | Biology |
What's the difference between steam and water vapor? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Other answers are not correct: steam is NOT visible. What you are seeing as "steam" is droplets of *liquid* water as the steam (which is an invisible gas) condenses as it cools in the air. That is the same as fog and clouds: droplets of liquid water suspended in the air. As for the right answer, your guess is correct. ... | Chemistry |
Why does the water in the pool feel so cold at first, but after a while, it's room temperature or even warm? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Water conducts much better than air so when you go in your skin will cool quickly, so it feels cold. But after that your skin will be settle in an equilibrium with the water and the heat in your body, at a lower temperature than in air (depends on water temperature of course) so you don’t feel cold. | Other |
the presence of all colours makes white, how come the paint combination of all primary colours makes brown? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The presence of *all colors of light* makes white. Paint removes colors from white light that hits it. The result is that red paint *removes* the cyan (and cyan-near) light. A green paint removes pink and pink-near light. Blue paint removes orange/yellow light. All three together remove more or less all light; black. | Physics |
why is it most top 40 radio stations only play ~5 songs on repeat? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The answer is that one company owns almost all those stations, and has broadcast licenses for a limited set of music. They used to be called Clear Channel and rebranded themselves as iHeart Media, Inc. a number of years back. They buy up all the independent stations and turn them into part of the borg. | Other |
Why does the greenhouse effect doesn't work both ways? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It’s different wavelengths of light. The sun sends us a broad spectrum of light which warms the earth. The earth radiates back to space light primarily at longer wavelength infrared spectrum. Greenhouse gasses only block infrared light. It’s similar in concept to blue blockers sunglasses which also only filter out a na... | Physics |
How can people have a different laughter from each other/ one person have multiple laughs? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | 1) tubas and flutes don't sound alike, why sound the same with different anatomy and neurology? Even twins' speaking voices sound a little different if you know them long enough. 2) Like breathing, it is semi-autonomous. Sometimes you can't help from laughing. Others times you do it deliberately, In the latter you each... | Biology |
How does Imre Lakatos mean we should separate between science and pseudoscience? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Lakatos considered many different means of distinguishing science from pseudoscience and found them lacking. In particular, he found the popular idea that scientific theories are falsifiable while pseudoscientific theories aren't to be not quite right. Many established scientific theories resist falsification in much t... | Other |
can anyone explain what the difference is between oxo degradable plastics and oxoBIOdegradable plastics? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Bioengineer here. Oxo-degradable plastics contain a catalyst to speed up the oxidative degradation process. (Usually Titanium Dioxide). What this means is the plastic will begin to break itself down, as long as there is oxygen. However, while the plastic is broken down into smaller pieces, those smaller pieces themselv... | Chemistry |
How were there surrenders in such large numbers during WW2? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | People don't like dying, and obedience is enforced harshly in the military. If you have a bunch of people encircled and out of options the question is either them surrendering or killing them all. When the order from leadership comes down to surrender then soldiers are expected to obey, as if they don't either the enem... | Other |
How did Roman technology get lost and how did it stay lost for so long? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It’s a bit of a false history that Roman technology was collectively lost for centuries. Facing internal divisions and external pressure, the Roman Empire split in half in the 4th century and the western half collapsed soon after. The Eastern half survived for another 1000 years before falling to the Ottomans in the 14... | Technology |
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