question stringlengths 0 2.44k | prompt listlengths 1 1 | ground_truth stringlengths 0 8.31k | category stringclasses 12
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How does noise canceling headphones work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | As you mention, the answer is destructive interference of sound waves. If there is a sound wave traveling through the air, you can cancel out that sound wave by sending another wave that is the same size but exact opposite shape. (Picture the shape of an S being reflected in a mirror to represent one wave and its oppos... | Physics |
Why can’t you access a website if there’s too much traffic? How does that work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well, can you move onto a highway that is already filled to capacity with other traffic participants? Just like you have limited bandwidth available to perform up- and downloads, every site's webserver has limited bandwidth available to perform up- and downloads. A sudden unexpected traffic spike will result in *nobody... | Technology |
How does ointments you apply on the skin (eg Voltaren) affect muscles under the skin? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The skin is the largest organ of the human body, and like other organ systems require the circulatory system to deliver nutrients and remove waste. The integumentary system, including the skin, is made up of several different layers, permeable to chemicals and other substances. Voltaren gel, chemically engineered to di... | Biology |
Why does our vision keep spinning even if we stopped moving? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When you were spinning around, the fluid in your ears semi-circular canals kept moving around. The semicircular canals hold these tiny stones, otoliths, that shift when the fluid moves. These stone hit cilia, tiny hairs, in your ears that are sensitive to motion. When these hairs move, they send a signal to your brain ... | Biology |
why is it freezing in space if there is no matter in the vacuum to transfer body heat into? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Heat can be transferred two basic ways. One is conduction, like when your body is in contact with cold air. As you realize, you need something to conduct the heat *to* for this to work. The other mechanism is radiation. Your body is constantly radiating infrared light, carrying away heat energy. (This is known as "blac... | Physics |
. What is happening in an acid to base chemical reaction? And why it's (usually)being done? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Alright, I’m gonna use the most common simple example of this I can think of. Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) (a base) mixed with Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) (An acid) When both of these things encounter water, they dissolve into ions, Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) turns into Na+ and OH-. Meaning that Na+ is missing an electron (hence i... | Chemistry |
How do scentless air freshening sprays (like Ozium) work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You smell things because little particles move past/touch olfactory cells which send signals to the brain. In order to get pulled into your nose, these particles must be free floating in the air. When you spray a scentless air freshener like ozium, it envelops the particles in a material that doesn’t activate olfactory... | Chemistry |
I saw a comment the other day that “steel forged before the nuclear age is very valuable.” and talked about the lengths they go to salvage old battleships etc. for steel made “before the Manhattan project.” What does this mean? How did nuclear testing permanently affect steel worldwide? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | To keep the topic simplified, the usage of nuclear weapons introduced trace amounts of radioactive isotopes (atoms) into the atmosphere. Because the process of producing iron involves air, it's impossible (or very expensive/difficult) to avoid a slight radioactive contamination of the finished iron. As such, steel prod... | Chemistry |
When kicking a ball, how are we able to judge the power, curve, and dip required to hit a target in a split second? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | by muscle memory that comes from practicepracticepractice. if it's the first time you're kicking a ball with no reference, then you'll suck at hitting the target. after doing it over and over again, each time learning from the previous time, you get to start approximating how to kick it and how to hard to kick it. | Mathematics |
if fire/extreme heat can make/change weather patterns, is the same true for the cold? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Not likely. A fire is hundreds of degrees hotter than the surrounding air. That huge temperature difference means thermal energy is being passed to the air very quickly. You can't get a similar temperature difference going colder because: 1, we can't create cold the way we can with heat, and 2, You bump up against abso... | Other |
how does this picture work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | " P-cells help your eyes to see things in high detail but can see things moving quickly or if the contrast is low. M-cells on the other hand can see things in high speed and with low contrast but can’t make out fine details. By sitting still and focusing on the image you are using your P-cells. But when you shake your ... | Other |
Why do web pages viewed on mobile devices keep changing layout as they load, and then change again just as you try to tap a link after it seems like they were finished loading? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Main reason is asymetric loading of elements and bad programming. In detail: The main goal of a mobile page is to load as fast as possible. There are certain methods to achieve this. The two most important (for your question) are: 1) Load visible stuff first: The first things that will be loaded are things you see when... | Technology |
Why being in any pose in bed in the morning is so comfortable yet it takes time to find comfortable pose trying to sleep? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When you’re trying to go to sleep the muscles in your body have yet to completely relax. If you stretch and/or meditate for a decent amount of time before bed you will feel more relaxed and be more comfortable. When you’re waking up your muscles have been resting all night, so you feel cozy. | Biology |
Why do US citizens pay taxes in a different way? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We pay a federal income tax that comes directly out of our paychecks. At the end of the year, we have to calculate exactly how much we were supposed to pay according to the current year's tax rate brackets, deduction/credit schedules, etc. If we under-paid, we owe the difference; if we over-paid, we get a refund. Aside... | Economics |
How does sugar, ice, dish soap and water clean stains from Tupperware? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Here is a great Reddit from a number of years ago about why oil and grease bond to plastic Tupperware: URL_0 It also explains why something like dish soap is a super effective agent for breaking the bonds between the grease and the plastic. The sugar is a great abrasive and sugar sticks to the surface of the the ice an... | Chemistry |
Why does it cost taxpayers "millions of dollars" every time the US President plays golf? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The president plays golf at a Trump Resort. The Secret Service, the president's aides and staff all have to buy rooms to stay at the Trump Resort, many having to show up days in advance to ensure the safety of the location. In addition, the area around the resort needs security to check it and supervise it, which costs... | Economics |
When you find something in picture (like Waldo), why is it so difficult to un-see it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The neurology behind this is quite complex, so I will give you the psychological theory for this. If you want the neurology I can try, but it has to do with object regocnition through the visual ventral pathway (or stream), and spatial recognition via the Hippocampus (and many other areas). Psychologically, many people... | Psychology |
Why do patents and copyrights expire? Who/what decides when they do? Is it fair to the inventor/creator and is there a way around it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The idea for patents is this: We, the society (in form of the state) protect your invention from copying. In exchange, you make your invention public. So after the patent expires, everything can try to build it or improve it. You can also try to keep it secret, but then people who find out about your invention can buil... | Economics |
Why does breathing fast make one light-headed? Doesn't it get more oxygen in your body? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So, this has very little to do with oxygen or CO2 in themselves and more to do with brain circulation. The brain is a constant oxygen using organ. It needs a near uninterrupted supply. The high levels of activity produce CO2 that can be a huge problem in a confined space like the cranium. So, the brain has an interesti... | Biology |
How do GFCI outlets work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Great minds think alike. Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: How does a GFCI outlet protect me from electrocution better than the main breaker on the same circuit (or do I completely misunderstand why these are used near sinks and tubs). ]( URL_1 ) ^(_3 comments_) 1. [ELI5: GFCI vs. Su... | Other |
How do sail boats actually get to their destination and not just blown in some random direction? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | These all touch on parts of the correct answer, but they are missing the crucial component - the keel. The keel is a big weight that hangs off the bottom of the sailboat. The wind on the sail tries to knock the boat over, the keel opposes that force, which allows the sideways force of the wind to translate into forward... | Physics |
Why is 24/25 fps okay for video but painfully low for gaming? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It has to do with a difference in how the frames are formed. Individual movie frames are very blurry, but their blur isn't just a random fuzziness but instead something called "motion blur". That kind of blur contains information because it is formed from the movement of an object during the period of time the frame is... | Technology |
Why do we hear better when it's dark? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | During the day, the atmosphere is being bombarded by gamma rays and other electromagnetic radiation from the Sun. This infuses the air with ions. These ions act as reactive inductors which are basically tiny magnets that settle in the eardrum and dampen the electrical signals that tiny ear follicles (hairs) send to the... | Biology |
Does liquid neon have the same conductive properties as gaseous neon? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | neon conducts electricity only when you ionize the atoms, that is remove some of the electrons. The gas itself won't conduct electricity, just like how normal air doesn't conduct electricity but when there's a large enough electric field you can get lightning. Its the same basic principle. Basically you have to put neo... | Chemistry |
Why is the inflation target a range of 2-3%? What is bad about it dropping below this range? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The economy is all about people spending money and money changing hands, which is affected by inflation. Imagine you have £100 or $100 in your hand. With that £100 you want to buy a load of things. Due to steady inflation, that same amount of money is less powerful the longer you hold on to it. If you know the things w... | Economics |
What does MSG do and why are most people so scared of it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Sugar is sweet, acid is sour, salt is salty, MSG is umami: the savoury flavour of cheese, meat, mushrooms and so on. People are afraid of it because of flawed science and alarmism based on little more than a single letter written in 1968 to the New England Journal of Medicine. Repeated studies have shown no ill effects... | Biology |
Why do so many animal species have a "mating season", but not humans? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When you live outside, you have to plan the birth of your babies for a certain time of year so that * they don't freeze to death, with their tiny furless bodies, and * there's enough food available to keep them going as they're growing We have enough control of our environment and food supply that we don't need to roll... | Biology |
Why do humans wanna jump from high places? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They are called "intrusive thoughts". They are thought to be as a way your brain creates fear of something you shouldn't do: you see a height, you think about jumping, then you think about yourself splatting on the ground, the result is you don't do it and gradually you developed a mild fear of height, which increases ... | Psychology |
What happens to the body’s chemistry during an Autonomous sensory meridian response? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We don't know. We're still not even sure whether or not ASMR is a real thing. Clearly, people are experiencing something, but the phenomenon may be caused by any number of effects, a combination thereof, etc. There's some evidence of altered brain activity during ASMR but nothing particularly conclusive yet, and nothin... | Chemistry |
What do all the different genders and sexualities actually mean? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Heterosexuality: attraction to the opposite binary gender Homosexuality: attraction to the same binary gender Bisexuality: attraction to both the opposite and same binary gender or attraction to two or more genders (non-binary genders included) Asexuality: no sexual attraction Pansexuality: attraction to people regardl... | Other |
Why do different animal meats have their own disntictive taste? Like you can easily tell chicken, pork, beef etc from each other. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Meat is a combination of interesting proteins and fats. All animals are different, but ultimately they mostly contain the same stuff in their meat. It’s just the different combinations of these compounds that matter. Adding more sugar to a cake will make it sweeter. In the same way, a meat with more glutamate tastes mo... | Other |
Why can’t we just burn all our trash? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are actually some power plants that burn trash, given some local/ state government subsidies they can be profitable but oddly enough produce less harmful emissions than coal fired power plants. Slightly worse than natural gas though. But to answer your question, it’s currently not cost efficient to do this in a c... | Other |
What exactly is a derivative? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The derivative is a measure of change. On a graph, it is effectively the slope. Now, a slope doesn't have to stay the same. If I take the graph of y=x^2 the slope clearly changes. So, what is the slope of this line at any given x value? If I graphed that, this new function I've graphed is the derivative of x^2 - if you... | Mathematics |
Does Earth have a weight/mass capacity? If it does what can happen when it reaches max capacity? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | what mass are you thinking of? we are a relatively closed system. We lose a bit of atmosphere to space all the time, and are likewise constantly bombarded by tiny asteroids that dont even register, but add up to several tons per day. All in all, this is negligable change on the scale of earth, and it doesnt matter, so ... | Physics |
Why do police tell you to recite the alphabet backwards as a test for drunk driving? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Cop here: We don't. At least, it's not part of the Standardized Field Sobriety Tests (SFSTs). It's a common misconception like police reading you your rights when you're arrested. It's something that happens on TV, so people assume that's just what happens, because most people never deal with law enforcement like that.... | Biology |
What is a dollar index 7-day change chart? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | That graph is a 7-day moving sample of the dollar index. Rather than show the index every day (or every hour as some graphics do) it shows the high and low in the last 7 days. This takes out some of the noise spikes, so that the spikes that remain are longer-lasting. When there is a spike, it means that over a 7 day wi... | Economics |
What is the neurology mechanism during drug intake ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | That’s way too broad a question because different drugs have different mechanisms of acting on the body, but essentially drugs interact with endogenous (built in) signaling pathways in the body such as neurotransmitters and their receptors. To use one example, caffeine is shaped kind of like a neurotransmitter called a... | Chemistry |
How is there a cure/treatment being published almost every day in medical journals? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The general public are not the target audience for academic journals. Studies are published there for fellow academics to read, scrutinize, follow-up, etc, and this is an important part of the process of furthering the study. The issue is not that they are publishing in journals, but that the quality of the reporting o... | Other |
What is a cyber domain, apart from being just a location where websites can be made? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The word domain is used for a number of unrelated concepts both within computer science and in other subjects also. A domain is always a portion of whatever you are taking about that works in a particular consistent way. When the links you saw in Google talk about the cyber domain, it is referring to the cyber domain o... | Technology |
How does a phone screen really work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The phone screen consists of a bunch of components that are all stacked and glued together. On the outer most layer you obviously have the glass that keeps things feeling nice. Behind that glass you have the digitizer which is what handles the touchscreen part, and the OLED or LCD display. All of these are stacked and ... | Technology |
Why is the Nuremberg defense not considered valid? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The Nuremberg Defense refers to a legal strategy employed by many of the defendants at the Nuremberg war crimes trials seeking to convict Nazi perpetrators of war crimes and crimes against humanity committed during the Second World War. Many of those defendants claimed that they were not guilty of the charges against t... | Other |
Why did we start with generation X, Y, Z instead of A, B, C? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Generation X isn't an "official" scientific term, any more than other generational names are like "Baby Boomers" or "Millenials". The term Generation X was used as early as the 1950s for disaffected youth and was applied to the generation born between the mid-60s and the mid-80s after Douglas Coupland wrote his book *G... | Other |
Confidence Intervals? What are they and what do they do? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When we talk about statistics, we have to distinguish between studying a sample and studying a population. We very rarely can test the population as a whole, so we tend to take samples of the population to run our calculations on. Now, a sample is only part of the population, so the confidence interval lets us approxim... | Mathematics |
How does the entire city of NYC not have bed bugs? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So I live and am a real estate agent in NYC. One thing I can assure you is that no matter how shitty the landlord they take bedbugs very seriously. The loss of potential rent and fines if they do not attend to the matter immediately scares them enough to action. Also when ever you rent an apartment they have to disclos... | Other |
What exactly happens when you 'overclock' a computer? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Operations in computers run on a clock signal. In a similar way to how a mechanical clock will have some oscillating element (pendulum or balance) and on every swing of that element the mechanism advances one step. The same thing applies to computers. The faster that clock rate the faster the operations will complete. ... | Technology |
how do landlords make money, how do you start? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Depends on house price vs rental potential as to how easily you can make money. We started by simply not selling our old house when we bought a new one. We maintained two mortgages instead and rented one property. We then slowly built up enough funds for further properties until we had five total. We have since scaled ... | Economics |
What do they mean when they say that a country's currency is strong or weak? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You can think of it as: "How many units of Country A's money can one unit of Country B's money buy?" If you're in the US, and $1 can typically "buy," or exchange for, 2 units of Country X's money, but today it can buy 2.5 units of Country X's money, the US Dollar is "strong." You get more of Country X's money than you ... | Economics |
; Why is it, that when we don't eat for a long period of time, we feel sick and repulsed by food but eating is what makes us feel better? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Not sure if I can explain this properly but here goes. Not eating for a long time can cause stomach acids and digestive juices to build up . Juices like bile in excess cause some mild nausea , this maybe what you experienced when you tried not to gag. But as soon as you eat , these juices get put to work digesting and ... | Biology |
How are metal forges made if you need to forge the metal they're made of? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In simplest form, early forges were made of dirt and mud. So over time (copper age, bronze age, iron age) more complicated materials could be forged and forges were improved. I guess you could compare it to cooking, fire on the ground and now ovens in homes. You can still cook over an open fire and you can still forge ... | Technology |
how dows Pepsi agree to be joked about in Coke's commercials/product placement? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Simply referring to a product by its trademarked name is not a violation of that trademark. Indeed, it is what a trademark is there for. So, whether or not Coca-Cola paid for references in that movie, trademark law does not provide PepsiCo (or Coke, for that matter) a right to object to it. It may have been a different... | Economics |
Why is getting chicken pox's as a child a good thing and as an adult a bad thing? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's not particularly recommended to get it as a kid anymore, because an effective vaccine was released in 1995 that can prevent the possible dangerous effects of contracting the disease. Chickenpox can even be fatal. The effects of the disease can tend to be more severe in adults than children, which (especially befor... | Biology |
Why is it so easy to reopen a book to the page it was previously on when the book is dropped or the place is lost? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | People tend to open the book more or less flat at the pages they're reading, and the spine of the book relaxes there during the time it takes you to read the pages. When you pick up a dropped book, the most relaxed point in the spine is the place you were reading last, so the book often falls open in your hands at that... | Physics |
What is UTC and how does it differ from GMT? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | UTC and GMT will always be the same time. In that purpose they are identical and often used interchangeably. Technically, GMT refers to the time in the GMT timezone itself, like saying "Pacific Time", while UTC just refers to the actual time, but its irrelevent because they are the same time, and everyone gets it. All ... | Other |
What is a financial crash and how does it happen? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The economy has a lot of factors that go into play here, but basically a recession occures when there isn't enough spending. When unemployment is too high. People don't have money to spend. Therefore companies aren't making as much money, which in turn, gets resolved by more layoffs to recover the losses. More people w... | Economics |
() Why do some of the world’s largest Oil producers (Exxon, Shell, BP) have such a low stock price compared to Big Tech (Amazon, Google, Apple) despite having similar or better revenue? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Stock price isn't an indication of a company's worth. Market cap is. Market cap is Outstanding Shares multiplied by stock price. A company that has 100 outstanding shares valued at $1 each, has a market cap of $100. A company who has a stock price of $100 per share, but only has 1 share outstanding has a market cap of ... | Economics |
Why is it when travelling in a car and sleeping, it seems easier to stay asleep while the vehicle is moving around, but more often than not we wake once the vehicle slows/has stopped? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | a vehicle's movement has a rhythm, and that steady (or mostly steady) rhythm is reassuring to very low-level parts of your brain (the so-called reptile brain). So long as the rhythm continues, your body thinks that you're safe. Once the vehicle's movement changes significantly (slowing down, coming in for a landing, sw... | Biology |
Is a ripe mashed banana liquid? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Living tissue is made up of various materials, some are liquid while others are solid. The liquids are held in place by the solids, so they appear to be solid altogether. When you mash a banana you break down the solids into small pieces so they can't hold the liquids together. The result is still a mixture of liquid a... | Chemistry |
How do artists create the “localized” versions of their songs in which they mention the local radio station by name? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > Does the artist have to sit in the studio and sing different station names or identifiers so that they can later be edited in? It is relatively easy for a label to have their artist go to a studio and sing a bunch of radio station names all in one big session. | Technology |
How are skin tags formed? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Yarr! Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5 how skin tags are formed & why are they usually found in armpits? ]( URL_0 ) ^(_3 comments_) 1. [ELI5 What are skin tags and why do we get them? ]( URL_1 ) ^(_33 comments_) 1. [ELI5: What are skin tags, how/why does the body create them, and wha... | Biology |
What’s the difference between liquid hand soap and body wash (if any)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I work for a well known company that makes a variety of products relating to personal care. Our hand soap and body wash are actually the same formula in our base products. In fact the base formula for these products are just distributed in different bottles and marketed as different things (Hand soap & Body Wash.) Ther... | Chemistry |
Why do big companies/schools etc. use outside mass email services? Why not save money and send them themselves? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are a lot of logistical issues with sending out an email to millions of people, and it’s generally cheaper and more effective to have a service do it. One of the big components is ensuring you get past ISP spam filters. If you send out a million emails all at once from one address, ISPs mark you as a known spamme... | Technology |
How is economic recovery engineered? For example, suppose a new government is formed in Venezuela, how do they make the currency regain any value? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The key to stopping hyperinflation is to restore confidence that the government will not continue to inflate the currency. Depending on what a new Venezuelan government is (i.e. is it Chavista-lite, completely different, etc.) this may be a very easy or very hard task. Zimbabwe, which did not undergo a political transi... | Economics |
How are some songs able to remain on YouTube for years (via unofficial channels) while others are taken down almost immediately? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Yuotube has a couple of different ways they allow people to deal with violations. One is to have the problem video removed. Another is to allow it to remain, but to demonetize it for the original uploader. That is, if there is an ad on the video, the money goes to the copyright owner (the music company, in this kind of... | Technology |
If you buy a product from a company and it goes bankrupt before you get the product, how does credit card companies get the money back for you? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | For IGG/KS renember you aren't ordering a product, your giving money to the project in exchange for a reward if the project is sucessful. If the project goes under, your CC company has no obligation to pay money out of their pockets to refund you, as the project creator already fuffilled all of their obligations. For a... | Other |
what is the medical cause of that awful sour alcoholic body smell? I don't mean that boozy smell off someone who did a one-night binge, I mean that horrific chemical deathly aroma that radiates off the stranger in the public place, who you instantly know is an alcoholic from ten feet away. | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | What she is smelling is not just ethanol. Pure ethanol has little smell. If you were on jury duty it is safe to assume that he was not drinking the process so what you were smelling the body's breakdown products of alcohol. Acetaldehyde is produced first and the body tried to get rid of it (you smell it). Then it conti... | Biology |
When we hear thunder— is that lightning hitting the endpoint, or leaving its point of origin? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's lightning passing through the air. It causes a rapid expansion of the air around its passage, which then is collapsed back inwards again as the heating effect dissipates. The result is a powerful reverberation traveling through the air itself. Given that lightning bolts can be miles long, there can be a lot of 'so... | Physics |
How did humans' perception of time originate and develop? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Think about it. Imagine you were living thousands of years ago. What matters to your life? You see very little change in the ideology, political or religious views around you. What you do see changing is basic cyclical stuff. Like the seasons for example. You know that each year you do X,Y and Z, which is very cyclical... | Biology |
How do live football field graphics appear beneath the players? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You had the right idea already. It is indeed chroma key. The cameras are simply good enough that they can distinguish between the green of the grass and the green in uniforms. They actually need to continually reset the chroma key as the color of the grass changes as the sun moves or when shadows show up on the field. | Technology |
why is it safer to let food cool down before putting it in fridge, instead of putting it in hot? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's actually less safe for the food you're letting cool. However, it can temporarily raise the temperature of the fridge enough that other food may be at risk of spoiling. Extra steak you cooked that you aren't going to finish? Safer to put straight into the fridge because it doesn't have a whole lot of heat. Large po... | Biology |
Was music discovered or invented? How did we reach a consensus on saying what is a note and a half note (instead of vice-versa) and an octave before we could measure wavelengths? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Take a string, pull it taught and pluck it and you hear a note. Divide the string in half and you will hear an octave. Cultures have different definitions of what counts as a note, the same way they have different definitions of what counts as a distinct color. One of the earliest people to establish the basis for pitc... | Other |
Currencies of smaller nations vs $, €, £, etc? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In the context of Scotland it matters having your own currency as it effects your economy greatly. Ok so say Scotland went with it's own currency the *?* let's say. And on day one it's decided "well we will set the exchange rate to *?*1 = £1. So that's ok everything in Scotland costs the same, if every day you buy a dr... | Economics |
. Where do birds go to die? We see birds that have been hit by cars or killed by birds. What happens to the rest? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Most things in nature that die get scavenged by something else, useful food doesn't go to waste. Anything from rats, foxes, carrion birds etc, down to fly maggots. Usually a combination of creatures. Because many of those will take bits away to eat in safety, the corpse disappears fairly quickly although you might see ... | Other |
If the dollar is the strongest its been in a while, why isn't stuff getting cheaper? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A strong/weak currency only impacts prices of trade goods when they involve foreign currency. It will have no (direct) impact on the price of milk from the farmer down the street. It is completely independent of inflation/deflation which would change the price of goods. That said, unless you are directly importing good... | Economics |
How exactly does a shepherds tone work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A *Shepard scale* works as follows: A *Shepard tone* is two sine waves separated by exactly one octave. So, for this example, let's consider middle C as 1, and the C an octave above as 8. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. There's the eight notes in our octave. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15. Let's add the next octave, because it's... | Other |
Where do these trillions of dollars come from? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The US government borrows it from investors. US treasury bond interest rates are near record lows, as the security of the US government appears valuable to investors. It's never been so cheap for the US government to borrow money, and they are borrowing a lot as a result. Printing money is more about people not liking ... | Economics |
You can walk all day in the same socks and they’re fine, but the moment you take them off and want to put them on again they’re wet and filthy. Why is that? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Your socks on your feet are the same temperature as your feet. Whether you're just wearing socks or you've got shoes on. When you take your socks off they cool down quickly and the moisture from your sweat will cool too. Your feet and the sweat on your feet stay the same temperature roughly, so they are warmer than you... | Chemistry |
How can a mathematician use 'infinity' in calculations and what types of 'problems' require them to do so? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Infinity is a concept, not an actual number. It usually refers to something that isn't finite, has no end, or is unbounded. The actual meaning of infinity depends on the context, and whenever the term infinity is used, it needs to be accompanied by a proper, strict definition of what this infinity stands for. For examp... | Mathematics |
what does it mean when a key cannot be copied? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | No, it's a legal warning to key makers that it's not a key they can legally copy. I'm sure they physically could if they wanted to, but it's unlikely doing so would be worth their job and, depending on the key, subsequent jail time that would be consequences of knowingly copying it anyway. | Technology |
Why do we see “imprints” of a bright light when we blink even after we look away from it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Ever whack your hand so bad that it went numb for a bit and then stung for a while, but nothing was actually wrong with your hand, like it was better an hour later? Basically the same thing. The nerves in your hand got whacked so hard that they have a hard time resetting back to the non-activated state. Same kind of th... | Biology |
What is happening to Japan's economy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Japan is one of the few countries in the world in which the labor force is shrinking which, all other things being equal, should cause its economy to appear to have "contracted" by about 4-5% since 1998 when in fact its actually grown slightly since that time. Because of that, any economic growth that Japan sees is due... | Economics |
How does a box fan blow air? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You're holding a tennis racket at a 45 degree angle. You hit a ball flying straight towards you with the bat. It bounces upwards. It doesn't matter if the ball flies towards you or you move the bat towards the ball, same difference. They hit each other and the ball is deflected upwards. Same idea with air. The blades a... | Physics |
Some insects and animals have the visibility range that includes IR and UV Rays. How can we imagine the visibility to look according to humans even though we can't see them? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well it depends. We have only 3 types of cones, so we can't imagine what the world looks like for animals that can see more different colours. But more wavelengths don't require more different colours. If each cone had a wider "bandwidth" of wavelengths then we would just see everything we see right now as green, and s... | Physics |
how is plastic made and where do the ingredients come from? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | From crude oils You see, inside crude oils and other earthly stuff, there's these atoms called carbons and hydrogen. Now these carbons and hydrogens makes the oils and they clump together. However, through a whole lot of process, you can turn these hydrogens and carbons into chains. Like fabrics, the chains forms long,... | Technology |
Why does government still allow people to buy cigarette, despite the strong link between cancer and smoking is obvious? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Freedom of choice, even if it is a poor choice - you should still be able to make that choice because theoretically if you only hurt yourself then no one should tell you not to do it. In Australia the tax from the sale of tobacco keeps increasing to offset the bulk of the cost of medical care from smoking related illne... | Other |
What is the logic behind sin , cos , and tangent exactly? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Look at the [unit clrcle]( URL_0 ), a circle with a radius of 1, centered on the origin point (0,0). Now, lets say we start from the rightmost point of the circle (1,0) and starts walking counter-clockwise. We define sin, cos and tan as a function of the distance we walk. sin(distance) is the y value of the point we're... | Mathematics |
Why is there a second explosion? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | So this is actually pretty cool. The second "explosion" you're seeing is called sonoluminescence, which can sometimes happen when bubbles in a liquid collapse. Basically it is a collapsing air pocket that explodes due to a violent change in pressure. You can see as the bullet strikes the gel it creates a large air cavi... | Physics |
How do people without an internal voice have thoughts, worries, memories, songs stuck in their head, or even read? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | From what I’ve read and been told, the people who aren’t capable of inner monologue perceive inner thoughts as sort of flashes. Feelings of thoughts or ideas and such. I, as someone with an inner monologue, can sit here and think to myself, verbatim, “I want pancakes for breakfast”. Someone without that just has the id... | Other |
In the US, when shipping commercially from the mainland to a U.S. territory (e.g. Guam, Puerto Rico, American Samoa), it's treated as if it is heading to a foreign country. Why? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | FedEX and UPS treat shipments to U.S. territories as international because it's expensive to ship and they can collect more money that way. It's their internal system. They are not at all required to do any of that, and the USPS does not. Commercial shipments to Puerto Rico or the U.S. Virgin Islands from the states ar... | Other |
Why do you have to eject a thumb drive before removing it from your computer? How does not ejecting damage your computer? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Imagine someone is writing on a piece of paper. By asking the computer to remove the drive you are letting that person finish their sentence and the writing makes sense to the next person reading it. By yanking out the drive without telling the computer, you are ripping the paper from that person whilst they’re trying ... | Technology |
What exactly is a Boltzmann brain? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's an indication that something is wrong with your theory of physics. There are several different boltzmann brains, but probably the easiest to explain is the original. The other versions are broadly similar, but pop up in relation to different theories of physics. So, anyway: the original Boltzmann brain starts with... | Mathematics |
What is the difference between electronic and digital signatures? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well, first of all - they are indeed not the same thing and the confusion is quite wide-spread. The term **“electronic signature”** as by ESIGN Act (US federal law about the use of electronic records and electronic signatures) means pretty-much any electronic manifestation of intent/consent, for example a tick in Terms... | Technology |
If the reason that red wine is stored in tinted bottles is so it doesn't spoil, why is is white wine not? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Most people enjoy the vibrancy of new white wines. There are white wines that can be cellared and enjoyed after many years but these are not very common (depending on where you are). Therefore the packaging accounts for how most of the wine will be consumed - within a few years. | Other |
why are bone spurs a thing that exists? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Basically wear and tear changes of the joint. Imagine the hinges of a door, when it’s new it is in perfect shape and well lubricated, thus, it moves perfectly fine. Now try open/close an old door, it starts to creak and make a lot of noise. Likewise, as we age, the smooth cartilage becomes worn off and bone meets bone,... | Biology |
How do moguls on ski runs get formed? Are they a result of the grooming process or simply the natural result of people skiing down the hill? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They are formed by the action of the skiers. As they turn, they kick up snow, which over time forms the heaps of snow that become moguls. Over time, moguls slowly actually move uphill, as skiers kick snow off the front of each mogul and towards the back. Grooming the piste is what stops them from forming. | Other |
Why is it, when writing the same sentence repetitively on a sheet of paper (for punishment), does it seem easier to write the words down the paper, than the same line over and over (from left to right)? Isn't it the same amount of work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because it is essentially a mindless task, repeating the same group of letters takes less attention. Also, because being assigned such a mindless and useless task is insulting, giving it no more effort than absolutely necessary to get the job done is the natural reaction to being forced to alter your thinking by repeat... | Other |
Why are people mad about higher taxes for people that have higher income? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Three reasons: 1) Many poor people think they will one day be rich through normal hard work (the vast majority won't be). 2) Many poor people idolize rich people and believe that if they're rich, it must be because they did everything right, which usually is not the case. Most rich people either inherit their wealth or... | Economics |
What does a person's "net worth" mean? How is it calculated? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You add up all the stuff they own (based on what they could reasonably sell it for), subtract all the money they owe and boom - net worth. So, If I own a house worth $300k, a car worth $20k, but still owe $50k on the house, my net worth is $270k (300 + 20 - 50) | Economics |
What is an USB-C port? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | [Type A]( URL_3 ) is the standard USB you find in all computers. There's a difference in speed between generation 2.0 and 3.0 or even 3.1, but their functionality is the same. Type B is usually found in its [micro form]( URL_2 ) on a lot of smartphones. [Type C]( URL_1 ) is even thinner, and can be plugged in both ways... | Technology |
Why is it possible to get a repeating decimal when dividing? Like, the kind that goes on literally forever? What kind of situation has to occur to make it impossible to split a dividend equally into a certain number of groups? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Infinitely repeating decimals are a product of our number system. One divided by three is infinitely repeating *when you use a decimal system* ten does not divide by three without remainder. If we used a base 3 system, then one divided by three would be written (1/10) and be equal to 0.1 in base 3. 0.1 in base three eq... | Mathematics |
Why are there no trains connected to each city in the US? I’m in the UK and we have trains connected to every city, even small towns so it’s easy to get to another destination. So why is that not the case in the US? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | UK = 93,628 square Miles USA = 3,797,000 square miles The US is 40x the size of the UK. Even before you take into account the difficulties laying track in certain geographic areas (like the Rocky Mountains), that's a whole lot more area to cover. Also, by the mid-1800s, when railroads dominated the transportation indus... | Other |
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