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Two algorithms, including seven Back-propagation algorithms and Lewenberg-Markow, have been used in this data article.The Comparison of the performance of seven Back-propagation algorithms in estimating the sodium absorption ratio with the number of neurons 10 in the hidden layer has been shown in Tables 1 and 2, indic... | In this article the data of the groundwater quality of Aras catchment area were investigated for estimating the sodium absorption ratio (SAR) in the years 2010–2014.The artificial neural network (ANN) is defined as a system of processor elements, called neurons, which create a network by a set of weights.In the present... |
cell-cycle length remained within 15 hr, which was relatively short compared with wild-type ESCs.Probably in Z4ex-ESCs with sufficient telomere length, time for telomere recovery is not required, and thus the cell-cycle lengths remain short.As the activation of Zscan4 was followed by shortening of the cell-cycle length... | Here we attempted to elucidate when, under what circumstances, Zscan4 is activated in ESCs.Longer cell cycles were accompanied by shorter telomeres and higher activation of Zscan4.Since activation of Zscan4 is involved in telomere elongation, we speculate that the extended cell cycles accompanied by Zscan4 activation r... |
plastic-bottom eight-well chamber coated with Laminin511 in FCS/LIF medium.2i/LIF medium was also used for some experiments.Cells were monitored on a stage incubator in a humid atmosphere and 5% CO2 at 37°C under an inverted microscope equipped with MetaMorph imaging software.For simultaneous monitoring of chemilumines... | Using live cell imaging, we monitored the activity of Zscan4 together with the pluripotency marker Rex1. |
a Multiclamp 700B amplifier, filtered at 6–10 kHz, and digitized at 10–20 kHz using an ITC-18 data acquisition board controlled by the Nclamp/NeuroMatic package.Data were analyzed using NeuroMatic software and custom procedures in Igor Pro.For applications of peptides to the FB layer innervated by sleep-control neurons... | Sleep-promoting neurons in the dorsal fan-shaped body (dFB) of Drosophila are integral to sleep homeostasis, but how these cells impose sleep on the organism is unknown.We report that dFB neurons communicate via inhibitory transmitters, including allatostatin-A (AstA), with interneurons connecting the superior arch wit... |
of 0.3 mm while fins three and four that were inside the cavity and were shielded from the high velocity flow were within the range of 0.2 mm.Arunajatesan et al. also found a maximum deflection of about 0.2% of his store diameter.The frequency content of the fin tip displacement was barely influenced by cavity modes an... | Detached-Eddy Simulations of flows in weapon bays with a generic store at different positions in the cavity and with flexible fins are presented in this paper.Simulations were carried out to better understand the fluid–structure interactions of the unsteady, turbulent flow and the store.Spectral analysis showed few dif... |
the scrotum and perineal area in a 32-year-old man where the lesions were surgically excised, and a full-thickness skin graft was performed, the results were satisfactory .Henshaw EB et al. described the case of a young man with progressively worsening peno-scrotal ENV; highlighting the delay in diagnosis occasioned by... | Case description: We reported an unusual case of isolated peno-scrotal ENV of a 67-year-old man with a history of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST) of the stomach.Our patient presented for progressive painless lymphedema of the penis and scrotum since 8 years ago before the diagnosis of GIST tumors, associated wit... |
There are myriad kinds of segmentation, and ultimately the `"right" segmentation of a given scene is in the eye of the annotator.Standard approaches require large amounts of labeled data to learn just one particular kind of segmentation.As a first step towards relieving this annotation burden, we propose the problem of... | We propose a meta-learning approach for guiding visual segmentation tasks from varying amounts of supervision. |
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time of flight-MS analyses of UVA-irradiated human skin proteins revealed Met-containing tryptic peptides, D290VDGAYMTK298 and N258MQDMVEDYR267, as potential biomarkers of oxidative skin damage .Amino acid sequences and oxidation sites of P1 and P2 were confirmed by the MS/MS... | A mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomic methodology was employed to monitor oxidative modifications in keratins, the main constituents of human skin ("Non-invasive proteomic analysis of human skin keratins: screening of methionine oxidation in keratins by mass spectrometry" [1], "UV irradiation-induced methionine oxid... |
the results presented in Fig. 17 are obtained in laboratory conditions.It is apparent that, beyond a certain threshold, diminishing returns are obtained for additional current in terms of cutting time.Nonetheless, the cutting times observed are reasonable and performance in vacuum may be improved still further.It can t... | A prototype CubeSat module to deploy a gossamer aerobrake, using strain stored in tape-springs, at end-of-life is described.A novel hub geometry to reduce bending shock at end-of-deployment while simultaneously permitting radial, as opposed to tangential, deployment is proposed.The rpm of the hub is measured under vari... |
previous inflammatory nodules but new subpleural consolidation in the right lower lobe and new consolidative foci in both upper lobes. "The patient's most recent sputum sample grew A. niger from one colony, despite itraconazole levels within therapeutic range.Aspergillus ochraceus has been rarely reported as a pulmonar... | Aspergillus ochraceus is a rare pulmonary pathogen.A 39 year old male with COPD and chronic granulomatous disease presented with severe breathlessness and recurrent infections.CT scan demonstrated multiple pulmonary nodules diagnosed as chronic pulmonary aspergillosis.The patient's sputum grew Aspergillus ochraceus thr... |
bonding and other interactions, which reduce the transport of bile salts that otherwise remove FFAs.Removal of FFAs by incorporation into either bile salts or calcium soaps is known to be important for ensuring that the lipid digestion reaction proceeds.The negatively-charged CNC may have bound free calcium ions, espec... | Bio-based engineered nanomaterials are being explored for their utilization within foods to improve quality and enhance functionality.In this study, we investigated the impact of a naturally-derived particle stabilizer, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), on the gastrointestinal fate and digestion of corn oil-in-water Picker... |
In this paper, we propose a nonlinear unsupervised metric learning framework to boost of the performance of clustering algorithms.Under our framework, nonlinear distance metric learning and manifold embedding are integrated and conducted simultaneously to increase the natural separations among data samples.The metric l... | a nonlinear unsupervised metric learning framework to boost the performance of clustering algorithms. |
enzymes, MnSOD, TRxR2 and GPx1 were analyzed.The MnSOD content in muscle did not change following denervation but our study focused on measuring protein content and not activity, therefore we cannot rule out altered activity.In contrast, both TrxR2 and GPx1 contents were significantly increased at 3 and 7 days post-den... | Previous studies have shown a significant increase in the mitochondrial generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and other peroxides in recently denervated muscle fibers.The mechanisms for generation of these peroxides and how the muscle responds to these peroxides are not fully established.The aim of this work was to de... |
– 230.0% to 120.5% without migalastat, and from – 140.9% to 257.5% with migalastat.Evaluation of the migalastat-induced activity change expressed as % WT corroborated the poor correlation between the GLP-HEK assay and the initial HEK assay, with an R2 value for linear regression of 0.0371, and Bland-Altman analysis had... | Reduced or absent α-Gal A activity leads to substrate accumulation and deleterious effects in multiple organs.Migalastat is a pharmacological chaperone that may stabilize the enzyme in specific GLA variants, considered amenable, assisting enzyme trafficking to lysosomes and thus increasing enzyme activity.Using a good ... |
frequency of this state has been linked to the amount of self-focused thought and it has been suggested to represent a general connectivity pattern that participants spend most of their time in, with other states reflecting temporary deviations that might be due to cognitive, physiological, or motion-related processes.... | Dynamic connectivity measures that showed significant group differences were tested for correlations with clinical symptom severity.Our results show that AD and DLB patients spent more time than controls in sparse connectivity configurations with absence of strong positive and negative connections and a relative isolat... |
have provided support for a cognitive role by showing that temporary changes in connectivity are related to changes in behavioral or vigilance states and cognitive performance in healthy older adults.Finally, the study of dynamic functional connectivity in clinical populations has led to the identification of specific ... | There were no significant correlations between dynamic connectivity measures and clinical symptom severity.An inability to switch out of states of low inter-network connectivity into more highly and specifically connected network configurations might be related to the presence of dementia in general as it was observed ... |
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation is a last resort for a variety of malignant and nonmalignant disorders.Prior to HCT, preparative conditioning is incorporated to enable engraftment of donor cells.Although no consensus on optimal conditioning exists, the combination of Bu, F-ara-A-monophosphate with or with... | In allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) it has been shown that over- or underexposure to conditioning agents have an impact on patient outcomes.Conditioning regimens combining busulfan (Bu) and fludarabine (Flu) with or without clofarabine (Clo) are gaining interest worldwide in HCT.To evaluate and possi... |
and a recovery 93%, CV 8%, bias −7%, respectively.The recovery for long-term stability of Clo after 4 months was 106%, with a CV of 2% and a bias 6%.Also, a within-sample comparison of Bu results using historical routine monitoring data as a reference was performed in 2392 samples.The later method was composed of ACN f... | However, this is a chromatographical challenge due to the large structural differences of Bu compared to F-ARA-A and Clo.Furthermore, for the bioanalysis of drugs it is common to use stable isotope labelled standards (SILS).However, when SILS are unavailable (in case of Clo and F-ARA-A) or very expensive, standard addi... |
diverse set of users.Contrary to how many resource technicians and scientists view the world, natural resource information may be relatively easy to organize compared to trying to account for how users prefer to access and use information.12,Part of the accessibility challenge involves transparency—that is, can users s... | Ecological sites and their component state-and-transition models are valuable tools for predicting the effects of climatic and management changes on a variety of ecosystem services.. Site-specific information must be able to be both refined to finer scales to account for spatiotemporal variability within a mapped site ... |
running average approach as discussed in Section 4.4.The distance over which the results are averaged is equal to one wave length in the soft upper layer but restricted to minimum 1.5 m and maximum 8 m, the latter representing a typical building foundation dimension.Figs. 18 and 19 summarize the results of the analyses... | The focus of this paper is to investigate the advantages and limitation of using such models as engineering approach to study effect of countermeasures.The study shows that 2D models provide satisfactory results as long as root mean square values are considered, the treated area is long compared to other relevant dista... |
have demonstrated an important clinical application of 18F-NaF PET-CT in AAA disease.Until now, future prediction of aneurysm expansion has relied on the simple morphological parameter of aneurysm diameter.However, it is clear that AAA growth is nonlinear and cannot be predicted accurately from a simple anatomic measur... | Background: Fluorine-18–sodium fluoride (18F-NaF) uptake is a marker of active vascular calcification associated with high-risk atherosclerotic plaque.Objectives: In patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), the authors assessed whether 18F-NaF positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) predic... |
2014 risk scoring algorithm in the literature have also been different from our findings and variable.9–12,In the original cohort, 3,675 patients analyzed by the HC Outcome Investigators, the sensitivity and specificity of the 2014 scoring algorithm were originally reported at 71% and 70%, respectively,9 and found to b... | Implantable cardiodefibrillators (ICDs) have proven benefit in preventing sudden cardiac death (SCD) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC), making risk stratification essential.Data on the predictive accuracy on the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) risk scoring system have been conflicting.We independently evaluated ... |
and out of the films, which reducing the WA values .Besides, the films also have compact structures when the Nash reagent was incorporated .Moreover, the swelling effect in the control chitosan film was significant than starch/chitosan/Nash film, which is 164.00 and 144.00, respectively.The swelling ability reduced as ... | Herein, a novel of a biodegradable hybrid polymer film was developed for quantitative analysis of formaldehyde seafood, including Lutjanus erythropterus, Euthynnus affinis, Caranx indicus, and Penaeus monodon at Sabah, Malaysia.In this research, starch and chitosan were introduced as the substrate to entrap Nash colori... |
indicating that aldosterone is important not only in placental growth but also with fetal development .When these same mice are given a 5% NaCl diet foetal weight is increased and blood pressure falls.This same response of increased foetal weight is also seen in the wildtype animals indicating that dietary salt supplem... | Outside of pregnancy excessive salt consumption is known to be harmful being linked to increased blood pressure and cardiovascular disease.However, pregnancy represents a major change to a woman's physiology resulting in an intimate adaptation to environmental conditions.It is now becoming apparent that salt is essenti... |
Table 1 show that both strategies are beneficial.In fact, when nothing is done, the timeline coverage is always the lowest.In the highest TC case, the result is a direct consequence of using the labels from the most visible musician.While in the merging strategy, the advantage comes from the availability of multiple P/... | Information on whether a musician in a large symphonic orchestra plays her instrument at a given time stamp or not is valuable for a wide variety of applications aiming at mimicking and enriching the classical music concert experience on modern multimedia platforms.In this work, we propose a novel method for generating... |
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease involving airway inflammation and structural changes in the form of remodeling of the conducting airways.1,2,It causes more than 345,000 deaths annually and affects more than 340 million people worldwide.3,ADAM33 is the first asthma susceptibility gene to be identified by positio... | Multiple chemical designs can be used to elicit each pathway.We compare the silencing of the asthma susceptibility gene ADAM33 in MRC-5 lung fibroblasts using four classes of gene silencing agents, two that use each mechanism: traditional duplex small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), single-stranded small interfering RNAs (s... |
compared to the transfections using a cationic lipid, and whether the gymnotically delivered LNA gapmers were toxic to cultured cells.A time course experiment was performed, gymnotically delivering 33-O into MRC-5 cells at a 1 μM dose to determine the optimal day to harvest the cells after treatment, between day 4 and ... | Two mechanisms dominate the clinical pipeline for oligonucleotide-based gene silencing, namely, the antisense approach that recruits RNase H to cleave target RNA and the RNAi approach that recruits the RISC complex to cleave target RNA.Dynamic light scattering data showed that the hexadecyloxypropyl ASO conjugates self... |
using two-stage systematic random sampling.However, in the analyses of this study, only those women who had at least one child were included.Thus, the final sample accounts for 437,501 and 461,141 for body mass index and anemia, respectively.The final sample size in cases of child undernutrition and anemia analyses acc... | A robust two-stage systematic random sampling was used for selecting representative samples for measuring demographic and health indicators.Methods: Maternal and child health outcomes are measured by body mass index (grouped as normal, underweight, and overweight) and anemia for mothers, and stunting, underweight, anem... |
factors of the latter.This study advances the strengthening of strategies of integration of family planning with maternal, newborn, and child health and nutrition in India.This study provides several cross-cutting implications for clinical practice and health policymaking.The findings from this study show that the plan... | Objectives: In an effort to provide recommendation for maximizing synergy between maternal, infant, and young children's nutrition and family planning in India, this study makes a comprehensive assessment of the effects of the planning of births in terms of timing, spacing and limiting childbearing on maternal and chil... |
the role of others such as the country of origin, type of establishment, season and the income level of the family unit, among others, can be more useful in tourism marketing.For the case of non-criterion methods, in order to make a cross-validation study of whether these variables are significant in the segment descri... | Studies of the segmentation of the tourism markets have traditionally been undertaken by regression methods.The need to have a significant number of segments and qualifying variables has led, however, to the use of other procedures of multivariate analysis.CHAID (Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detection), which is mo... |
treadmill test.NSCs were cultured and expanded as described previously.In brief, the striata of CAG-ffLuc transgenic mice on embryonic day 14 were dissociated using a fire-polished glass pipette.The dissociated cells were collected by centrifugation and resuspended in culture medium followed by cell-cluster formation.F... | The number of elderly patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) is increasing worldwide, representing a serious burden for both the affected patients and the community.Previous studies have demonstrated that neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation is an effective treatment for SCI in young animals.Here we show that NSC tra... |
Every year, 2·9 million newborn babies die worldwide; 98% of these deaths are in low-income or middle-income countries.1,Existing interventions and care practices could prevent most of these deaths.2,Saving newborn lives thus presents a health-systems challenge requiring cost-effective strategies to connect babies with... | Background: Every year, 2.9 million newborn babies die worldwide.A meta-analysis of four cluster-randomised controlled trials estimated that home visits by trained community members in programme settings in Ghana and south Asia reduced neonatal mortality by 12% (95% CI 5-18).Methods: We prospectively collected detailed... |
can also be expressed as $352 per discounted life-year saved.Individually, most uncertain variables and assumptions have a fairly small effect on the overall ICER.By contrast, uncertainty surrounding the discount rate, for which we consider a plausible range to lie between 0·01% and 7%, leads to variations in the ICER ... | We calculated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) with Monte Carlo simulation and one-way sensitivity analyses and characterised uncertainty with cost-effectiveness planes and cost-effectiveness acceptability curves.We then modelled the potential cost-effectiveness for baseline neonatal mortality rates of 20-... |
findings with other economic evaluations of community-based newborn health strategies, including home visits, women's groups, and training of traditional birth attendants.The Newhints newborn home-visit strategy costs substantially more than the $8 per life-year saved presented by Bang and colleagues for the final year... | We aimed to estimate the costs and cost-effectiveness of newborn home visits in a programme setting.Annual economic cost of implementation was US$203 998, or $0.53 per person.Our findings support recommendations from WHO and UNICEF that low-income and middle-income countries implement newborn home visits.Funding: The B... |
again between each repeat by ‘offering-up’ the spacer to the gap.Care was taken to ensure the gap was even across the width of the osteotomy.The peak vertical force for each hind limb in rats is 60% bodyweight at the walk.A maximum weight of 300 g for an individual rat was seen in the in vivo study and therefore peak-w... | The construct stiffness for the 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mm gaps was 32.6 ± 5.4, 32.5 ± 2.4, and 32.4 ± 8.3 N/mm (p = 0.779).The mean ‘day 0’ IFS for the 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mm gaps were 11.2 ± 1.3, 8.4 ± 1.5 and 6.1 ± 1.2% respectively. |
is applied, be it in compression, tension, shear, and further that the degree of vascularisation plays influence.Their finite element model also accounted for eccentric callus formation with an asymmetric cartilage deposition, which was noted in some of the samples in this study.They suggested this was due to varying h... | Increasingly, the rat femoral fracture model is being used for preclinical investigations of fracture healing, however, the effect of gap size and its influence on mechanobiology is not well understood.We aimed to evaluate the influence of osteotomy gap on osteotomy healing between the previously published extremes of ... |
pay more attention to improve the performance of hospitals in underdeveloped provinces such as Kermanshah and Lorestan.According to the results of Table 8, in the third cluster, 64 hospitals are inefficient.All three hospitals in Semnan province, which have been investigated, are efficient.Yazd province has the first a... | Hospitals are the main sub-section of health care systems and evaluation of hospitals is one of the most important issue for health policy makers.Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a nonparametric method that has recently been used for measuring efficiency and productivity of Decision Making Units (DMUs) and commonly a... |
have an increased chance of being taken because the location has been discovered and a predator may return because of past success.Also, it is not possible to know from this study if there is a linear predation response to percent cover, or if there is rather a threshold response, so that percent cover less than 35, fo... | Pondberry (Lindera melissifolia(Walter) Blume) is an endangered dioecious, clonal shrub that grows in periodically flooded forests of the southeastern United States.The probability of survival of dispersed pondberry seeds and new germinants is unknown, but few seedlings are noted in the forest.The study was conducted i... |
final pellet was homogenised in 10 mM HEPES buffer and used directly for radioligand binding.Experiments involving animals were approved by the University of Cambridge Animal Welfare and Ethical Review Body.Saturation binding curves were measured by incubating either crude extracts of HEK 293 cells stably expressing 5-... | 5-HT3 receptor-responses were reversibly inhibited by scopolamine with an IC50 of 2.09 μM.Competitive antagonism was shown by Schild plot (pA2 = 5.02) and by competition with the 5-HT3 receptor antagonists [3H]granisetron (Ki = 6.76 μM) and G-FL (Ki = 4.90 μM).The reverse experiment revealed that granisetron also compe... |
these predictions are correct, the differences in the linker region orientate scopolamine away from residues in binding loops D and F, and the ligand no longer engages with residues that are essential for high affinity binding.Scopolamine is generally regarded as a non-selective muscarinic receptor antagonist with an a... | Scopolamine is a high affinity muscarinic antagonist that is used for the prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting.5-HT3 receptor antagonists are used for the same purpose and are structurally related to scopolamine.To examine whether 5-HT3 receptors are affected by scopolamine we examined the effects of this d... |
Isoquercitrin is a natural flavonoid that is purported to have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-mutagenic, anti-clastogenic, anti-depressant, hypotensive, hypolipidemic and anti-viral properties.Large volumes of isoquercitrin can be manufactured via enzymatic hydrolysis of rutin and then transglycosylated using de... | AGIQ is used in Japan as a food additive and has been granted generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status.However, although substantial genotoxicity data exist for quercetin, there is very little available data for AGIQ and isoquercitrin.All other in vitro mammalian micronucleus and chromosomal aberration assays, micron... |
of the urine was presumed to be due to excretion of the test substances or a derivative.No other changes in clinical signs, no apparent decreases of body weight, and no clear reduction of food consumption were observed in any of the dose groups for either chemical.Mean intake amounts of AGIQ and isoquercitrin were 680,... | Quercetin and its glycosides possess potential benefits to human health.Several flavonols are available to consumers as dietary supplements, promoted as anti-oxidants; however, incorporation of natural quercetin glycosides into food and beverage products has been limited by poor miscibility in water.Enzymatic conjugati... |
reducing overheating and reducing cooling load demand in low income houses for three locations with high solar radiation intensity and ambient air temperatures during the year was presented.The locations were selected because of their climatic conditions and data gathering was possible due to existing collaborations.Th... | Cool roofs are most effective in reducing cooling loads and alleviating overheating in locations with high solar radiation and external air temperature.A case-study typical of single storey houses in Jamaica was monitored before and after the installation of a cool paint on the roof; on days with average solar radiatio... |
genre created at the same time improves performance, and studying how such corpora can be combined with transfer learning or domain adaptation strategies might improve performance even further.However, for most corpora, there is a significant drop in performance for out-of-domain training.What is again found to be reli... | Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a key NLP task, which is all the more challenging on Web and user-generated content with their diverse and continuously changing language.This paper aims to quantify how this diversity impacts state-of-the-art NER methods, by measuring named entity (NE) and context variability, feature... |
encountered, challenging pathologies of the nose.Patients with caudal septal deviation, short nasal septum, and weak nasal tip support suffer from nasal obstruction because of deterioration of nasal airflow due to acute nasolabial angle.Patients with acute nasolabial angle also suffer from abnormal shape of the nose be... | Introduction Septal deviation is a common disease seen in daily otorhinolaryngology practice and septoplasty is a commonly performed surgical procedure.Caudal septum deviation is also a challenging pathology for ear, nose, and throat specialists.Many techniques are defined for caudal septal deviation.Objective To evalu... |
for soot combustion , has been found to be active also for soot oxidation through the C + N2O reaction.The soot oxidation specifically takes place during the in-situ formation of N2O by the silver catalyst, during non-selective reduction of NOx by reaction with NH3, suggesting that surface N2O is the reactive oxidising... | One of the outstanding challenges in diesel exhaust catalysis is to integrate oxidation chemistry, soot filtration and NOx reduction in a single aftertreatment unit, while avoiding the need for fuel injection to regenerate the filter.Here we show that destruction of trapped soot can be initiated catalytically at 200 °C... |
buildings, categorising reported research experiences from the past 25 years in order to identify knowledge gaps and define current paths and trends for further exploration.The general goal behind this research is to support the design of sustainable office buildings in warm climates through examination of past experie... | This paper seeks to present a panorama of cooling related research in office buildings, categorising reported research experiences from the past 25 years in order to identify knowledge gaps and define current paths and trends for further exploration.The general goal behind this research is to support the design of sust... |
to promote the development of façade related strategies and systems for low-energy cooling in office buildings, by presenting a panorama of research experiences from the last twenty five years.Given the nature of the paper, it is possible to state conclusions about both the methods used in the review and the content of... | As results of the review it is possible to state the high current relevance of cooling research, having experienced an increase of publications under different climate contexts and varied topics ranging from passive to solar cooling, which is seen as a research field on its own.Also, in terms of research methods, softw... |
deprivation.Principal coordinate analysis of the relative abundance also confirmed a distinct compositional shift of the gut microbiome upon leucine deprivation.At phylum level, Wilcoxon rank-sum test revealed that intermittent leucine deficiency increased Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria while reduced Firmicutes.Commu... | We administered leucine-deprived food every other day in db/db mice, a type 2 diabetes model, for a total of eight weeks to investigate the interventional effect of intermittent leucine deprivation.Intermittent leucine deprivation significantly reduces hyperglycemia in db/db mice independent of body weight change, toge... |
expression in the liver in a GCN2-dependent manner .However, long-term leucine deficiency as shown in this study leads to aggravation of fatty liver in the mouse.It will be of importance to investigate in the future why the duration of leucine deficiency impacts differently on lipid metabolism in the liver.To our knowl... | Continuous deficiency of leucine, a member of branched chain amino acids, is able to reduce obesity and improve insulin sensitivity in mice.However, it is unknown whether intermittent leucine deprivation can intervene in type 2 diabetes progression.However, leucine deficiency engenders an increase in fat mass and a dec... |
Respiratory syncytial virus is one of the leading causes of lower respiratory tract infection worldwide .Historically known as a major cause of bronchiolitis in infants, RSV is now recognized as an important cause of morbidity in adults, particularly in the elderly and immunocompromised individuals .In the United State... | Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common respiratory pathogen in infants and young children worldwide.Lower respiratory tract infection due to RSV is one of the most common causes of hospitalization for infants, especially those born premature or with chronic lung or heart disease.Furthermore, RSV infection... |
be an effective vector by inserting genes driven by the same promoter .It was recently tested in a Phase I, placebo-controlled trial in 18–65 year-olds.The company announced that vaccinated subjects had high levels of RSV-neutralizing antibodies with no serious adverse events.There is another ongoing Phase II trial wit... | The acute phase of this infection is often followed by episodes of wheezing that recur for months or years and usually lead to a physician diagnosis of asthma.RSV was discovered more than 50 years ago, and despite extensive research to identify pharmacological therapies, the most effective management of this infection ... |
The data presented in this article illustrate fifteen American English speakers' individual patterns of the acoustic realizations of vowel nasalization in tautosyllabic CVN and NVC words in various prosodic prominence and boundary contexts, which are related to Ref. . "A supplementary CSV file is attached, which contai... | This article provides acoustic measurements data for vowel nasalization which are based on speech recorded from fifteen (8 female and 7 male) native speakers of American English in a laboratory setting.These measures are taken from the target words in various prosodic prominence and boundary contexts: phonologically fo... |
target words were produced in the middle of a short quoted phrase so that no prosodic boundary would be inserted before and after the target words.The NVC target words occurred either in the Intonational Phrase initial position as in Table 3 e, f or in the Intonational Phrase medial position as in Table 3 g, h.Prompt s... | Each individual speaker's production patterns for the vowel nasalization in tautosyllabic CVN and NVC words are documented in terms of three acoustic parameters: the duration of nasal consonant (N-Duration), the duration of vowel (V-Duration) and the difference between the amplitude of the first formant (A1) and the fi... |
We present a trait database and a phylogenetic supertree for all 398 extant and 15 extinct parrot species.The trait database is a spreadsheet that includes measurements of various morphological characteristics and data on diet, foraging strategy, and foraging location, which are key traits to assess each species’ role ... | We present a complete dataset from the literature on functional traits including morphological measurements, dietary information, foraging strategy, and foraging location for all 398 extant species of parrots.The morphological measurements include: mass, total length, wing chord, culmen length, tarsus length, and tail ... |
limiting factor.However, hydrophobic nature of CD20 and its predicted tetraspan structure limits its ability to exist as a soluble and antigenically intact molecule.Moreover, resistance against the anti-CD20 antibodies has been variably defined in the literature.This property has been used as an inclusion criterion for... | B-lymphocyte antigen CD20 (called CD20) is known as an activated-glycosylated phosphoprotein which is expressed on the surface of all B-cells.CD20 is involved in the regulation of trans-membrane Ca 2+ conductance and also play critical roles in cell‐cycle progression during human B cell proliferation and activation.The... |
and it suggests nitrogen stress caused by nitrogen losses from excessive rainfall could also reduce yields.The possible choices each risk perspective could make are summarized in Table 3.The most disruptive decisions would be associated with spring-applied UAN.A risk-averse grower would be required to choose one of fou... | Historical climate data are underutilized in agricultural decision making.We illustrate how long-term climate data and observations from farmers’ fields can be combined to quantify risks from seasonal weather and climate variability for nitrogen fertilizer management for corn (Zea mays L.).We developed a probability mo... |
that help increase life expectancy in all countries.Our proposed method models the gap whether there is convergence or not and even allows countries with a higher level of mortality to become the record holder in terms of longevity at some point in the future.Life expectancy is an age-aggregated measure but deeper know... | Life expectancy is highly correlated over time among countries and between males and females.These associations can be used to improve forecasts.Here we propose a method for forecasting female life expectancy based on analysis of the gap between female life expectancy in a country compared with the record level of fema... |
the same time.11–16,Possible surgical complications described include persistence or recurrence of deviation, deviation of the nasal pyramid, with cosmetic deformity, bleeding, infection, septal hematoma, septal abscess, synechia, septal perforation, palatal and dental anesthesia.17,Changes in cartilaginous structure, ... | Introduction Untreated septal and/or nasal pyramid deviation in children should be corrected as soon as possible, because they can result in esthetic or functional problems years later.Objective To report the surgical experience in treating children with nasal septum and/or nasal pyramid deviation.Methods Review of med... |
task .Since we hypothesise that percepts carry a confidence parameter in addition to their object-level contents about the world, it should be possible to interfere with metacognition while preserving object-level task performance.Indeed, loading or interfering with working memory can have the effect of reducing confid... | There is relatively little interaction between these two approaches and it has even been suggested that the two accounts are rival and separable alternatives. |
dataset was 83%.Our models built with deep LSTMs increased that accuracy to 93.0%, representing a 58% reduction in classification error over baseline methods and a 59% decrease in error compared to the best published results for this dataset.This pushed us closer to the 95% threshold where adaptive operator augmentatio... | Using deeply recurrent neural networks to account for temporal dependence in electroencephalograph (EEG)-based workload estimation is shown to considerably improve day-to-day feature stationarity resulting in significantly higher accuracy (p < .0001) than classifiers which do not consider the temporal dependence encode... |
temperatures up to and beyond the melting point.It has thus become possible to use this approach to obtain repeated measurements of the solid/liquid transition of particularly challenging material samples, some of which could hardly be performed previously.For example, the pre-heating and multiple-shot laser heating te... | The thermoelastic effects on the behaviour of subsecond laser heating experiments on UO2 to temperatures approaching 3000 K are explored using a thermoelastic model coupling heat transport and large deformation hyperelasticity, with consideration of thermoelastic effects.A series of steady state experiments at temperat... |
the dynamic formation of dyadic ties are stable under their endogenous dynamics and against exogenous shocks like the increasingly felt constraints of the biophysical resource base."At its epistemic core, industrial ecology claims that industrial systems are an extension of nature's self-organization.This claim, howeve... | Network analysis can be seen as the most promising method to mediate between industrial ecology's overall systems approach and the complex structures found in society.It is a well established method across scientific disciplines, including the social sciences.It has been successfully applied in industrial ecology, in w... |
sample.In calf B, viral sequences detected at initial sampling and at time of death were highly similar differing in, at most, 1 out of 223 nucleotides.Calf A, however, showed a complete change from detecting lineage 3 sequences on initial sampling to detection of lineage 1 sequences at time of death.Calf C survived th... | Diarrhoea is a common and important cause of morbidity and mortality in calves; therefore, we investigated whether the presence of AstV is associated with calf diarrhoea.AstV was common in calves (present in 74% (85/115) of samples) but uncommon in adult cattle (present in 15% (3/20) of samples).No association was foun... |
different developmental processes in P. capsici.However, functions and the mechanisms of LRR-RKs are still largely unknown in oomycete pathogens.Here, we found that PcLRR-RK1-silenced transformants exhibited abnormal and reduced sporangia, reduced zoospore number.Several genes have been identified to play important rol... | However, their functions in Oomycetes are still largely unknown.Here, we identified an LRR-RK (PcLRR-RK1) gene and characterized its functions in Phytophthora capsici, a model oomycete specie and a major plant destroyer of solanaceous and cucurbitaceous vegetable crops.We showed that PcLRR-RK1-silenced P. capsici trans... |
The data consist of four main components:The stimuli, a zip compressed file with 52 jpg silhouette images.The code, a MATLAB code that extracts shape measures from silhouette images.The extracted shape data, a csv file with the results of the shape measurements from the bottle silhouettes.The results of the psychophysi... | This data article includes the visual stimuli used to test the categorization of a set of soft drink bottle silhouettes.Additionally, subjects’ perceptual categorization was associated with each visual stimuli.The silhouette of the soft drink bottles was characterized by calculating the most common object shape measure... |
diabetes, cardiovascular disease and hypercholesterolaemia.Such range restriction hampers our ability to generalise these findings to other samples, where it may be that stronger effects are exhibited in less healthy members of the general population.In addition, they were all male, limiting the applicability of our fi... | High, unabated glucocorticoid (GC) levels are thought to selectively damage certain tissue types.The hippocampus is thought to be particularly susceptible to such effects, and though findings from animal models and human patients provide some support for this hypothesis, evidence for associations between elevated GCs a... |
applied.All daily heating durations are subject to a potential error of twice the length of the monitoring interval.In this case the error for all daily heating durations is ±1 h.Estimated thermostat settings is extremely uncertain and a large variation is expected based upon the method chosen and the air temperature w... | Heating behaviours, such as timer and room thermostat settings, are a key influencing factor in energy demand in homes.However they are difficult to measure directly in existing housing with standard heating systems and controls.To overcome this, several indirect methods have been developed in previous research which e... |
stem cells towards a chondrogenic lineage20.The present study therefore went on to test the hypothesis that the observed increase in chondrocyte equilibrium modulus with expansion in monolayer is due to increased membrane-actin cortex adhesion driven by changes in cellular structure.Using a modified micropipette aspira... | Objective: Chondrocyte dedifferentiation is known to influence cell mechanics leading to alterations in cell function.This study examined the influence of chondrocyte dedifferentiation in monolayer on cell viscoelastic properties and associated changes in actin organisation, bleb formation and membrane-actin cortex int... |
This work has been reported in line with the SCARE criteria .Erythropoietic protoporphyria is a rare disorder showing incomplete autosomal dominant inheritance.This condition is caused by reduced ferrochelatase activity.FECH is the terminal enzyme involved in the heme biosynthetic pathway.Reduced levels of FECH cause o... | Introduction: Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) is a rare disorder caused by reduced ferrochelatase activity and shows incomplete autosomal dominant inheritance.Meticulous perioperative management can avoid characteristic complications.Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed an abdominal tumor measuring 5 cm, ... |
perforations after liver transplantation have been reported .Yellow filters used intraoperatively prevented light-induced burns in this patient.However, whether intraoperative light filters need to be used in all patients with EPP is controversial.Wahlin et al. reported that the risk of intraoperative phototoxic injury... | This report describes a case of a bleeding jejunal tumor in a patient with EPP.Presentation of case: A 49-year-old man with a history of EPP was admitted to our department with abdominal distention and severe anemia.Yellow filters were used to avoid operating room light-induced tissue injury.Additionally, preventing op... |
two ascitic fluid samples and one synovial fluid sample.These are two clear examples extendable to many other species of the genus thanks to its ubiquity, unexplored until now.The crucial question here is the implication of some of these species of Paenibacillus as a true pathogen.In previous descriptions of other spec... | One hundred thirty-six isolates, 88 human and 48 environmental, that met the requirements to belong to the genus Paenibacillus were identified using a polyphasic taxonomic approach known as 16S rRNA plus phenotypic traits.Thirty-seven Paenibacillus species were identified; some had not been previously reported from cli... |
of α2δ-1 ΔA+BΔC in DRG neurons does not contribute to triggering hyperexcitability to a greater extent than the main DRG splice variant.It is of interest to compare our results with those for the exon 37a variant of CaV2.2, which is selectively expressed in DRG neurons, and conducts larger calcium currents than the exo... | The α2δ-1 protein is an auxiliary subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels, critical for neurotransmitter release.It is upregulated in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons following sensory nerve injury, and is also the therapeutic target of the gabapentinoid drugs, which are efficacious in both experimental and human n... |
Reliable material data, especially of the thermal conductivity λ as a function of temperature T, are crucial for the virtual optimization of the rubber injection molding process, for the determination of structure-property relationships, and for material selection and material ranking .Rubber compounds consist primaril... | Reliable material data, especially of the thermal conductivity as a function of temperature, are crucial for the virtual optimization of the rubber injection molding process.Due to the low thermal conductivity of rubber compounds, typically in the range from 0.15 to 0.4 W m−1K−1, and the fact that the molding of the ru... |
to determine the influence of fillers on the measuring methods, in particular the higher thermal conductivity at the sample surface, further investigations have been carried out using laboratory compounds of natural rubber.An unfilled, a silicate filled, and a carbon black filled natural rubber were tested, where the e... | To determine the thermal conductivity of seven different rubber compounds, a stationary (Guarded Heat Flow Meter (GHF)), and three transient methods (Plane-Source (TPS), Line-Source (TLS), and Laser Flash Analysis (LFA)) were employed.Ancillary, the anisotropic TPS- and the LFA-method require the material parameters sp... |
to the bank; all cores were sampled 25 m apart.At Rewe, 5 cores were sampled at 20 m intervals along a transect from 15 m from the bank to a maximum distance of 85 m from the channel.Soil cores were extracted from 0.0 to 3.0 m depth and divided into 6 depth increments: 0.0–0.2, 0.2–0.7, 1.0–1.5, 1.5–2.0, 2.0–2.5 and 2.... | Soil chemistry (C, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), soil microbial biomass (SMB), moisture content) and soil solution (pH, dissolved organic C (DOC) and N, nitrate, ammonium, water extractable P) were analysed over the 3 m depth in 6 increments: 0.0–0.2, 0.2–0.7, 1.0–1.5, 1.5–2.0, 2.0–2.5, and 2.5–3.0 m. 14C-glucose was a... |
of NO3− and proportional increase in NH4+ could indicate fluctuating aerobic conditions with denitrification occurring during anaerobic decomposition, with NO3− changed to NH4+ through anaerobic dissimilatory reduction, although the low available C concentrations may also limit these reactions.The rapid response to 14C... | Floodplain soils provide an important link in the land-ocean aquatic continuum.Understanding microbial activity in these soils, which can be many metres deep, is a key component in our understanding of the role of floodplains in the carbon (C) cycle.However, when normalised by SMB, k1 rate constants had no significant ... |
as the error bars in Figs. 4 and 5 to show the potential uncertainty ranges.A 10% improvement of water flux in forward osmosis process was assumed to evaluate the potential impacts of further development of membrane technology.the new environmental profiles of SB1 and SC3 are presented in Fig. 6.The little improvement ... | The rich content of nutrients in human waste provides an outlook for turning it from pollutants to potential resources.The pilot-scale resource-oriented toilet with forward osmosis technology was demonstrated to have advantages to recover clean water, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, biogas, and heat from urine and fec... |
binding sites .In addition to CL, other lipids such as PC and PE are also resolved in the structures.A comparison between structural and dynamic data from atomistic simulations reveals conserved lipid binding sites.The data in Table 2 presents interactions between cardiolipins and charged amino acid residues from sever... | Respiratory complex I is a giant redox-driven proton pump, and central to energy production in mitochondria and bacteria.It catalyses the reduction of quinone to quinol, and converts the free energy released into the endergonic proton translocation across the membrane.The proton pumping sets up the proton electrochemic... |
in that accurate differentiation and quantification has been validated over a biologically-relevant range of virus levels.Gimeno et al. developed a Mismatch Amplification Mutation Assay, which incorporates an intentional mismatch at the 3′ penultimate position in the PCR primers, a recognized method of increasing assay... | A real-time quantitative PCR assay to distinguish CVI988 and virulent MDV based on a consistent single nucleotide polymorphism in the pp38 gene, was developed, optimised and validated using common primers to amplify both viruses, but differential detection of PCR products using two short probes specific for either CVI9... |
the level of RB-1B measured in feathers.This reduction was more dramatic in the current study, but this may reflect differences in the vaccine used, the age at which vaccination was performed, or the fact that the Gimeno assay may yield false positive results.The in vivo challenge model used in the current work did not... | CVI988/Rispens vaccine, the 'gold standard' vaccine against Marek's disease in poultry, is not easily distinguishable from virulent strains of Marek's disease herpesvirus (MDV).Accurate differential measurement of CVI988 and virulent MDV is commercially important to confirm successful vaccination, to diagnose Marek's d... |
study is analogous to the responses observed in preclinical models with, for example, an early detection of IL-6 in the muscle and draining lymph nodes of mice, followed by a more prolonged IP-10 response , and of CRP in the serum of rabbits after administration of AS01-adjuvanted vaccines .The common induction of incr... | Background: Adjuvants like AS01 B increase the immunogenicity of vaccines and generally cause increased transient reactogenicity compared with Alum.A phase II randomized trial was conducted to characterize the response to AS01 B and Alum adjuvanted vaccines.A post-hoc analysis was performed to examine the associations ... |
collaboration, particularly towards countries with less financial and technical capabilities.Current territorial policies in developed countries such as the UK are most probably inadequate to deal with the emissions released globally in the production of goods for their consumption.To meet cumulative budgets, the liter... | There is an international divide between net emissions importers and net emissions exporters, with industrialised nations mainly falling into the former and emerging economies the latter.Integrating emissions transfers into climate policy, so as not to disadvantage export-intensive countries, has been suggested to incr... |
cycle test of Fig. 4, the average reset current, as converted from the reset voltage and the set state resistance, was ~ 140 μA, corresponding to a reset power of 400 μW and to a reset energy of 10 pJ.These values of reset current and power are larger than those observed in In3Sb1Te2 NWs with similar diameters and smal... | We investigated the Phase Change Memory (PCM) capabilities of In-doped Sb nanowires (NWs) with diameters of (20-40) nm, which were self-assembled by Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) via the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism.The PCM behavior of the NWs was proved, and it was shown to have relatively low r... |
since the gradient of challenge arranges the environmental qualities in relation to the users’ needs and wishes.Furthermore, in Steps 1–3, each quality will be estimated in relation to the specific setting and its users, and also to the wider context of the neighborhood.In order to design a coherent and purposeful gard... | This article presents the first outline of a quality evaluation tool (QET) to be used in the process of designing outdoor environments in healthcare settings, e.g.healthcare gardens.Theory triangulation is used to integrate theories and evidence from selected research on people's health/well-being and the outdoor envir... |
represented by a southwest- to north-striking zone of late Quaternary volcanism.These neovolcanic zones are enclosed by Pliocene–Pleistocene formations to the east and Tertiary lava piles to the west.In order to compare volcanic rocks of different ages, we chose two Quaternary samples from Snaefellsnes, which is an are... | The δ98/95Mo values (normalized to NIST SRM 3134) range from −0.59 ± 0.04 to +0.10 ± 0.08‰.These values are just resolvable from the mean of 10 mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORBs) (0.00 ± 0.02‰, 95% ci).Intraplate and ocean island basalts (OIBs) display significant isotopic variability within a single locality from MORB-li... |
and Mo/Ce values in ultramafic samples are not as well correlated with their δ98/95Mo values as they are in OIB samples.With different sulphur and oxygen fugacity, the partition coefficient of Mo between sulphide and silicate melt changes over two orders of magnitude, which might cause Mo/Ce heterogeneity in the mantle... | The mean Mo concentration of the ultramafic xenoliths (0.19 ± 0.07 ppm, 95% ci) is similar in magnitude to that of MORB (0.48 ± 0.13 ppm, 95% ci), providing evidence, either for a more compatible behaviour than previously thought or for selective Mo enrichment of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle.δ98/95Mo correlat... |
is not isotopically heavy in the BSE relative to chondrites.Our estimate of the BSE provides no evidence that Mo in the BSE is heavier than that in chondrites.Based on the latest experimental results, Hin et al. conclude that there is equilibrium fractionation of Mo isotopes between liquid metal and liquid silicate, bu... | The compositions of one carbonaceous (CI) and four ordinary chondrites are relatively uniform (−0.14 ± 0.01‰, 95% ci (confidence interval)) in excellent agreement with previous data.On this basis, the isotopic composition of the bulk silicate Earth (BSE or Primitive Mantle) is within error identical to chondrites.If re... |
Remarkable reductions in the incidence of vaccine serotype invasive pneumococcal disease and nasopharyngeal carriage prevalence have been recorded in countries that have included a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in their infant immunization program .This was observed in The Gambia following the introduction of the seve... | Methods In this phase 2, randomized, controlled, observer-blind trial, healthy infants aged 8–10 weeks, recruited from a peri-urban health center, were randomized (1:1:1:1:1:1) into six groups.Four groups received PHiD-CV/dPly/PhtD (10 or 30 μg of each protein), PHiD-CV, or 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine at a... |
of the analysis plan, interpretation of the results, and laboratory work supervision.KD was involved in interpretation of the results, coordination, and reporting of the study.DB was involved in planning, designing, and reviewing the reported study, analysis plan, interpretation of the results, safety, project oversigh... | Background Conserved pneumococcal proteins are potential candidates for inclusion in vaccines against pneumococcal diseases.In the first part of a two-part study, an investigational vaccine (PHiD-CV/dPly/PhtD-30) containing 10 pneumococcal serotype-specific polysaccharide conjugates (10VT) combined with pneumolysin tox... |
This Data in Brief submission contains an analytical framework for evaluating the degree to which urban plans prioritize social equity in both process and outcomes, as well as the numerical results of a plan evaluation where the authors deployed this framework to analyze 31 City Resilience Strategies produced under “10... | This article contains four data tables: 1 and 2: A content analysis framework for evaluating the degree to which urban resilience plans emphasize issues of justice and equity in plan content, and associated point rubric for scoring criteria; 3.The raw numerical data collected for a plan evaluation where we deployed thi... |
At high latitudes, the grazing season is short, and dairy farmers need to feed cows indoors for up to 8–9 months, resulting in a major reliance on conserved forage crops and concentrates.These limitations result in higher input costs than in pasture-based systems and a need, also for organic farmers, to lean somewhat t... | The objective of this paper was to examine how cutting frequency, silage fermentation patterns and clover performance in grass–clover swards influence the use of inputs and profitability in an organic dairy system.A linear programming model was developed to compare a three-cut and a two-cut system for a model farm in C... |
reduce the losses.In a meta-analysis, Goeser et al. found that the DM losses were on average 4.45% and 3.26% in untreated silage and in silage treated with fermentation inhibiting additives, respectively.For acid-treated silages to become most profitable in the current study, at 40 ha, additional DM losses for untreate... | Our results suggested that farmland availability and marginal return of a competing barley crop profoundly influenced the profitability of the different silage types.A high clover proportion increased dry matter (DM) yields and was far more important for profitability than the score on the other factors considered at r... |
The phenotypic profiling of important virulence factors have shown that P fim phenotype was expressed in 25.26% of E. coli isolates of the sepsis patients, whereas Type-1 fimbriae was expressed in 30.52% of E. coli isolates by haemagglutination.The expression of P fim and Type 1 fimbriae was significantly higher in sep... | Bacterial virulence factors (VFs) influence the site and severity of urinary tract infections (UTI) and further leading to sepsis infection.Phenotypic characterisation of VFs specific to sepsis Escherichia coli strains has not been characterized in Indian population till date.In this data article, we have described imp... |
norms, which might ultimately protect against premature mortality in severe mental illness.Our findings challenge approaches that focus purely on individual-level risk factors.Implications of all the available evidence,Premature mortality in people with mental illness might reflect a complex array of both individual an... | Therefore, we aimed to assess in an ethnically diverse and urban location the association of neighbourhood-level characteristics and individual-level factors for all-cause, natural-cause, and unnatural-cause mortality in those with severe mental illness.Methods: We did a retrospective cohort study using a case-registry... |
observed across the sample for area-level indicators.For example, urbanicity ranged from 36·7 persons per hectare to 173·1 persons per hectare.Ethnic density ranged from 20·3% ethnic minorities to 67·1% ethnic minorities.Both variables were normally distributed.When compared with the total population of England and Wal... | In the least ethnically dense areas, the adjusted rate ratio (aRR) for all-cause mortality in ethnic minority groups with severe mental illness compared with white British people with severe mental illness were similar (aRR 0.96, 95% CI 0.71–1.29); however in the highest ethnic density areas, ethnic minority groups wit... |
able to drift into ethnically less dense areas.However, white British people with severe mental illness might drift into higher ethnic density areas.As we would also expect that ethnic minority groups with severe mental illness in low ethnic density areas could drift into higher ethnic density areas, it is difficult to... | Background: Neighbourhood social context might play a role in modifying mortality outcomes in severe mental illness, but has received little attention to date.Linked data for deaths and areas of residence were identified from the case-registry.We used individual-level information in our analyses, such as gender, marita... |
the Si surface.In addition, the same covering procedure was applied to the studied compounds without using PMMA, which resulted in the amorphous layers with sporadically distributed compounds on the Si substrate.Two dimensional and three dimensional AFM images scanned over a surface area of 1 × 1 mm2 show a uniform and... | Three Schiff bases dissolved in chloroform were investigated to determine their nonlinear optical properties using D4σ Z-scan technique employing 10 ps pulses of Nd:YAG laser at 355 nm.It was found that the highest value of the nonlinear refractive index was obtained for Schiff base with 2-(2-pyridyl)ethylamine.Whereas... |
Like humans, deep networks learn better when samples are organized and introduced in a meaningful order or curriculum.While conventional approaches to curriculum learning emphasize the difficulty of samples as the core incremental strategy, it forces networks to learn from small subsets of data while introducing pre-co... | A novel approach to curriculum learning by incrementally learning labels and adaptively smoothing labels for mis-classified samples which boost average performance and decreases standard deviation. |
Urbanisation causes profound changes to natural systems, and may result in a decline in ecosystem services – the benefits that humans derive from ecosystems.To adopt urban planning that can enhance ecosystem services requires an understanding of the spatial pattern of multiple ecosystem service production in and around... | Urbanisation is a key driver of land use change and urban growth is set to continue.Therefore, it may be possible to promote service provision through an urban structure that supplies the processes and functions that underpin them.However, an understanding of the ability of urban areas to produce multiple ecosystem ser... |
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