idx stringlengths 7 11 | premise stringlengths 8 175 | question stringclasses 2 values | choice1 stringlengths 8 213 | choice2 stringlengths 8 192 | label int64 0 1 | conceptual_explanation stringlengths 13 107 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
train-14300 | The fishes become inflated like balloons. | cause | A fisherman catches some pufferfishes and pounds them violently. | Mikes wished to see another kind of inflatable fishes. | 0 | Pufferfishes comprise another group of inflatable fishes. |
train-14301 | I saw taproots. | cause | I want see wild rheas. | My father dig out ragweeds in the garden. | 1 | Ragweeds have taproots. |
train-14302 | The shop owner screamed. | cause | A shot came in the shop. | The criminal pressed his fingers on the spot. | 0 | Shot can involve screams. |
train-14303 | Hamster belongs to rodents. | effect | They share habitats. | Hamster has short, dense and silky fur. | 1 | Rodents are well haired over most of their body. |
train-14304 | Cytologists use numbers. | cause | Too many single species will destroy the ecology of various habitat. | Cytologists wants to lable chromosomes. | 1 | Cytologists label chromosomes with numbers. |
train-14305 | Lisa handed in the carved jewelry. | cause | It's early spring now. | Lisa's teacher asked Lisa to produce a sculpture. | 1 | Jewelry is sculpture on a small scale. |
train-14306 | She was given a jasmine. | cause | She wanted a yellow flower. | Jane likes flowers of the rose family. | 0 | Jasmine has yellow flowers. |
train-14307 | A hyena got lost in the forest. | effect | It ate some leaves. | It was scard and wanted to found its partners. | 1 | Hyenas live in communities. |
train-14308 | Cereals contain lots of iron. | effect | They are typically the first foods given to a baby. | They are digested by the stomach. | 0 | Cereals are typically the first foods given to a baby because they contain lots of iron. |
train-14309 | He needs to eat some hydantoins. | cause | The fat man has serious problem of Obesity. | Tom always has convulsions. | 1 | Hydantoins are anticonvulsants. |
train-14310 | Those still images acted as if they had life. | cause | He majored in animation and he motioned these still images. | The only son of the president of the country has committed suicide. | 0 | Animation is a man-made process to make still images appear to have life by the action of motion. |
train-14311 | He will not become an officer. | cause | John doesn't want a job involving nurses. | John doesn't want a job involving crimes. | 1 | Officers go to investigate crime. |
train-14312 | He tried to measure brightness. | effect | He used nits. | He was failed. | 0 | Nits are a measure of brightness. |
train-14313 | Tom has cavities. | effect | That tooth decayed soon after. | Tom's teeth are getting whiter. | 0 | Cavities are the number one cause of tooth loss. |
train-14314 | He transplanted the vines to the wet yard. | effect | Soon the vine suffocated and died. | The next day, he found them still there. | 0 | Grapevines suffocate in soggy soil. |
train-14315 | Tom has injected some pesticide into the plant. | effect | The roots of this plant grow well. | Tom has a garden filled with withered flowers and grass. | 0 | Permeation is when pesticides pass through the materials itself. |
train-14316 | He figured out the ins and outs of the game. | cause | He's analyzing the game. | Lisa told him about the game. | 0 | Analysis is the process of breaking things down. |
train-14317 | Astronauts go into space in a spaceship. | effect | Many plums fell down on the ground. | The astronaut looked down at the earth from space. | 1 | Astronauts see earth. |
train-14318 | He died of being contracted by anthrax. | cause | John had HIV virus infection. | The farmer eat the meat of a sheep with anthrax. | 1 | Anthrax is a disease contracted by warm-blooded animals. |
train-14319 | Her mom told her it was a celebration of her onset of puberty. | cause | The girl often drinks coffee. | Amy had her menarche yesterday. | 1 | Menarche indicates onset of puberty in girls with appropriate ritual celebration. |
train-14320 | Tom waited outside the chamber. | effect | He caught the badgers. | He found some seamounts. | 0 | Badgers emerge from chambers. |
train-14321 | There are more and more functions of blogs. | effect | It attracts more people to use blogs. | He feels bloated. | 0 | Blogs contain glow recommendations. |
train-14322 | The doctor told Eric that he could eat beets. | cause | Eric needs to ingest high amounts of folic acid. | Jack planted beets in the cool outdoors and in the warm greenhouse. | 0 | Beets contain high amounts of folic acid. |
train-14323 | He is allergic.after eating biscuits. | cause | He is allergic to sesame oil. | He is allergic to peanut oil. | 1 | Cookies contain peanut oil. |
train-14324 | He can't add more water than the edge of the waterbuck. | cause | Tom lacks thrombocytes in his body. | Tom wants to add some water in the waterbuck. | 1 | Waterbucks have ranges. |
train-14325 | The chemist produced reactants by experiment. | effect | Various elimination processes was adopted to achieve that. | The thermometer showed a rise in temperature in the test tube. | 1 | Reactants have energy. |
train-14326 | They need to distinguish the container made from Polyethylenes with other materials. | effect | The bolls were separated. | All of them were placed in water. | 1 | Polyethylenes are easy to distinguish from other plastics because they float in water. |
train-14327 | Tom has congenital asthma. | effect | The doctor uses the method of plasmapheresis to treat him. | In PE class, he could only sit by the playground. | 1 | Hyperventilation can exacerbate asthma. |
train-14328 | He went to the bank to get a loan. | cause | Tom's company is going bankrupt. | Tom is the chairman of the company. | 0 | Banks provide financial services. |
train-14329 | Mike joined a club to learn meditation. | effect | The teacher told him to open to each moment with calm awareness. | He became experienced. | 0 | Meditation is the art of opening to each moment with calm awareness. |
train-14330 | The Monument to the People's Heroes has stood in Tian 'anmen Square for decades. | effect | People think of Tian 'anmen Square in Beijing. | The sheeting placed here is undergoing terrible mechanical weathering. | 0 | Monuments mark places. |
train-14331 | Two birds are in copulation. | effect | The cloaca of one bird contacts that of another. | The cloaca of one bird contracts that of another. | 0 | Copulation occurs when there is cloaca to cloaca contact. |
train-14332 | Many senators are not in favor of this approach. | cause | The government decides to develop aquaculture. | American parliament held a meeting centered on economic aid package. | 1 | Parliaments have opposition. |
train-14333 | Cobalt is the focus of his recent research. | cause | He studied three naturally magnetic elements. | He studies nonmetallic elements. | 0 | Cobalt is one if three naturally magnetic elements. |
train-14334 | The tapir hunts for food under the sea. | cause | The tapir is hungry. | It is very cold in the north in winter. | 0 | Tapirs swim very well. |
train-14335 | Lucy always smear beeswax on her face. | effect | Her skin can better stay intact. | Her skin always looks good. | 1 | Beeswax contributes to the health of the skin by coating it to prevent dehydration. |
train-14336 | There are a lot of metals in front of Lucy. | effect | She firstly recognized the platinum. | A lot of powder is produced. | 0 | Platinum is a silvery-white metal. |
train-14337 | The students gain courage. | cause | There are many clubs in the school. | The club conveys ideas to the students. | 1 | Clubs encourage students. |
train-14338 | He looked inside the fission components of modern nuclear weapons. | effect | He saw the metallic shells called pits. | He was suprised at the dramatic effects. | 0 | Pits are the metallic shells inside the fission components of modern nuclear weapons. |
train-14339 | She didn't found the blankets. | effect | She bought some atlases. | She bought a piece of quilt to keep warm. | 1 | Quilts are something people use instead of blankets to keep warm. |
train-14340 | The former was found to be wider than the later. | cause | The doctor looked at the gap synapse between the patient's neurons. | The botanists compared the geographical distribution of bryophytes with that of vascular plants. | 1 | Bryophytes generally have much wider geographic ranges than vascular plants. |
train-14341 | The hammer fell to the ground. | effect | Tom's foot was broken. | It cannot breathe in air. | 0 | Sledgehammers crush toes. |
train-14342 | He has learned a lot of scientific knowledge. | cause | The student has looked up the book. | He has high intellect. | 0 | Books provide scientific explanations. |
train-14343 | Henry recently made a windfall. | cause | Henry studied the spread of currency exchange rates and bought different currencies. | 5 cms is the lowest distance allowed in fencing games. | 0 | Arbitrage is the use of discrepancies in currency-exchange rates to make a profit. |
train-14344 | The country was badly governed by feudalism. | effect | The arterial sclerosis of its national economy was serious. | The government turned to democracy for help. | 1 | Democracy is one of the ways of governing a country. |
train-14345 | His docotor asked him to eat some medicine containing clucosamine and chondroitin. | cause | Tom always has convulsions. | Tom got his nose bone broken by an unexpected stone. | 1 | Glucosamine helps create new cartilage while chondroitin slows cartilage destruction. |
train-14346 | The ventilation pipe is blocked. | effect | The exhaust system is damaged. | The exhaust system is working properly. | 0 | Blockage leads to impairment. |
train-14347 | Lucy's ear was bitten off. | effect | The doctor said it was difficult to cure. | He asked for some androgens. | 0 | Ears are difficult to reattach because they only have a few small blood vessels. |
train-14348 | My wife had a Miscarriage. | effect | We were sad about this common complication of pregnancy. | She cannot give birth to a baby now. | 0 | Miscarriage is a common complication of pregnancy. |
train-14349 | Ramona appreaciates Dreadlocks. | effect | Research shows that they are useless. | She loves the natural state of hair. | 1 | Dreadlocks are the natural state of hair. |
train-14350 | The water quality was protected by their slowing stream flows. | cause | A group of beavers came to this sea. | A group of beavers came to this desert. | 0 | Beavers also help to protect water quality by slowing stream flows. |
train-14351 | He is certified as disabled and can live on government assistance. | cause | His leg was so badly injured that he could not carry out intensive work. | Jack is chronically malnourished. | 0 | His leg was hurt but he soon recovered. |
train-14352 | The bottlenoses are hungry. | effect | They have lost national liberation and national reconciliation. | They eat lots of fish. | 1 | Bottlenoses feed on fish. |
train-14353 | This peach tree is experiencing germination. | effect | Gibbons are resting on the tree. | Then it will grow rapidly. | 1 | Buds promote growth. |
train-14354 | He found only some of them were melted into the water. | cause | Tom has put a small piece of lead iodide into the water. | The botanist has studied many hollies. | 0 | Lead iodide is a dense golden yellow slightly soluble solid. |
train-14355 | He fell down suddenly. | effect | His knees were skinned. | He has gained a lot of profits. | 0 | Fall can involve skinned knees. |
train-14356 | Tom can study patterns in the weather over a longer period. | cause | Tom is a paleontologist. | Tom is a climatologist. | 1 | Climatologists are scientists who study patterns in the weather over a longer period. |
train-14357 | We must burn the charcoals in the open air. | cause | The charcoals let out heavy smoke when burning.. | Charcoal is an insecure fuel. | 1 | Charcoal gives off large quantities of carbon monoxide while burning. |
train-14358 | Doctors found this patient had urinary incontinence. | cause | The doctor treated a patient with constipation. | The patient suffers from a diseases of blood vessels. | 0 | Constipation can cause urge incontinence. |
train-14359 | It's getting cold. | cause | Many snakes selected this forest as their habitat. | Winter is coming. | 1 | Winter is attributed with cold temperatures. |
train-14360 | The still characters became lively with vivid motions. | cause | This comic book was adapted to an animation. | He majored in animation and he motioned these still images. | 0 | Animation is a man-made process to make still images appear to have life by the action of motion. |
train-14361 | Tom puts some mayonnaise into a cup of vinegar. | effect | They have a neutralization reaction. | Some oil floats on the surface. | 1 | Mayonnaise floats oil in vinegar. |
train-14362 | He is the chef of a five-start hotel. | effect | He was able to determine its properties. | He has learnt many new recipes since he got there. | 1 | Chefs learn new cook techniques. |
train-14363 | The student took decisive actions. | effect | She improved herself. | He decides to choose anthropology as his major in college. | 0 | Actions contribute to improvement. |
train-14364 | The worker started the turbine. | effect | The metal shafts were turned. | The metal shaft began to rotate. | 0 | Turbines turn metal shafts. |
train-14365 | I had swum with all fishes in tropical water. | effect | I have seen Stonefishs. | I knew all their identities. | 0 | Stonefishs live in tropical water. |
train-14366 | Tom utilized unfertilized eggs to study gametogenesis. | effect | He failed. | He succeeded. | 0 | Gametogenesis includes spermatogenesises. |
train-14367 | He can tell me the characteristics of the fisheries. | cause | He told me the graziery have characteristics. | He lives on the fisheries. | 1 | Fisheries have characteristics. |
train-14368 | The professor found that the water loss of the big tree at the school gate was too fast. | effect | The professor cut down the big tree. | The professor sealed the wound on the bark with pitch. | 1 | Pitch is used to close wounds in the bark to prevent water loss. |
train-14369 | The coyotes wants to hunt the deer. | effect | They take the sum of the areas of a polygon as the area of a circle. | They surrounded the deer. | 1 | Coyotes hunt in packs. |
train-14370 | Tom learned that they have serious problems. | cause | Tom heard people talking about men. | Tom has seen many patients with dermatosis. | 0 | Men have serious problems. |
train-14371 | The lizard turned to green. | cause | The brown lizard jumped into the grass to avoid the bird. | The lizard met a natural enemy. | 0 | Lizards can change the colour of their skin to avoid attacks. |
train-14372 | Our cows have leptospirosis. | effect | They has healthy liver and kidney because of antibiotics. | No permanent measures for the control of leptospirosis could be implemented. | 0 | Leptospirosis is treated with a course of antibiotics. |
train-14373 | He finds that all four angles of the rectangle are 90掳. | cause | He put two triangles together. | Little John takes a protractor to measure the angles of a rectangle. | 1 | Rectangles have right angles. |
train-14374 | Adia and his companions agreed to do nudist activities only on the beach. | cause | Adia and his companions are Nudism. | The government built a man made beach near the sea. | 0 | Nudism promotes public nudity in a group but in special locations. |
train-14375 | Fisheries in the village is unique. | effect | The government encourages fishermen to raise fish here. | A lot of tourists come to the the village every year. | 1 | Fisheries have characteristics. |
train-14376 | He often buys some chickweed, carrots, avocados. | cause | Tom plants some seeds of green bristlegrass in the yard. | Jack pays great attention to a balanced diet. | 1 | Chickweed is rich in many nutrients. |
train-14377 | He learned about redwoods. | cause | Tom has done his homework. | He learned about the plants of the Sequoia family. | 1 | Redwoods are a member of the sequoia family. |
train-14378 | The doctor said he was suffering from sclerosis. | cause | Tom had suffers from some kind of stomach condition. | Tom isn't sitting right. | 1 | Sclerosis is a curvature of the spine. |
train-14379 | The counties usually have clean air and beautiful scenery. | effect | Agriculture develops well in deltas. | Tourists are usually attracted by the fresh air and beautiful scenery. | 1 | Counties offer many attraction. |
train-14380 | The boss earns a lot every night. | cause | This company buys many production facilities. | There are much more customers in the night than daytime. | 1 | Income is the flow of revenue over a particular time period. |
train-14381 | She became less and less active. | cause | She has been unable to conceive. | Mary is getting older and older. | 1 | Inactivity increases with age. |
train-14382 | He found tubes. | cause | The theif took the bike apart. | John discovered some chondrites. | 0 | Bikes use tubes. |
train-14383 | It has been ten years since my team won the champion. | effect | The lawn has absorbed nitrogen fertilizer. | Today is the anniversary of victory for me and all my team members. | 1 | Anniversaries are milestones in the life of whole peoples as well as individuals. |
train-14384 | Most bonsai just begin their growth cycle. | cause | Spring has just arrived. | Spring comes. | 1 | Spring is when most bonsai begin their growth cycle. |
train-14385 | Eric became a salesman. | effect | He sold himself to others. | The company trained him to get good manners. | 1 | Salesmans have good manners. |
train-14386 | He went from being a good man to being a devil. | cause | The crminal attributed his evilness to his father. | He suffered a lot of bad things. | 1 | Evil is the disfigurement of good. |
train-14387 | Carotene seems to have anti-cancer properties. | effect | They try to use carotene to cure lung cancer. | Tom is in good health. | 0 | Carotene seems to have possible anti-cancer properties especially in relation to lung cancer. |
train-14388 | Tom is ill. | effect | Tom's shoes were covered with mud. | Tom faced serious problems on his way to school. | 1 | Illnesses lead to serious problems. |
train-14389 | Cheetah hides in the long grass to spot the prey. | cause | There are many polyps living in this area. | Cheetah requires to hide itself before hunting. | 1 | Coats help animals. |
train-14390 | John had a fever. | effect | He ran to the bathroom to take a bath under his father's permission. | He took some antipyretics. | 1 | Antipyretics are medications designed to reduce fever. |
train-14391 | They are enumerated as examples of commensalism. | cause | The relationship between these two creatures is a type of symbiosis. | The experimenters are committed to protecting savanna species. | 0 | Commensalism is a type of symbiosis. |
train-14392 | Tom emigrated abroad. | effect | He should pay the tariff. | Tom gave up his identity as an American,. | 1 | Expatriation is the voluntary act of relinquishing one's citizenship. |
train-14393 | A boy joined the team bravely. | effect | Other boys followed to joint it. | His classmate was eliminated. | 0 | Joins cause joins. |
train-14394 | The next day she steps on flowers all the way to work. | cause | Lucy's poinsettia turned yellow. | Lizzy see roadside elms swaying in the heavy rain. | 1 | Elms have perfect flowers. |
train-14395 | The waterbucks were the largest one they had seen. | cause | They went to Africa and saw a lot of antelope. | Rotifers inhabit in water. | 0 | Waterbucks are large antelopes. |
train-14396 | A number of products have been developed which are permeable to air and water to a different degree. | effect | Polyester is the most consumed hard synthetic resins. | Different products have different properties. | 1 | Properties affect permeability. |
train-14397 | Tom's ears were blocked by foreign matter for a long time. | effect | He lost his hearing. | It led to his hearing impairment. | 1 | Blockage leads to impairment. |
train-14398 | After graduating from senior high school, Jack met his junior high school deskmate in the street. | effect | There is a great tension between them. | The once thin and quiet girl became a hot blonde. | 1 | Adolescence is a period of profound changes. |
train-14399 | Researchers found that mites increased particularly. | cause | His flowers blossomed well, but soon the shoots suddenly died. | The researchers calculated the rate of change of mites. | 1 | Mites are capable of explosive population growth. |
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