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5a893ce63b2508001a72a553
Prime_number
For a long time, number theory in general, and the study of prime numbers in particular, was seen as the canonical example of pure mathematics, with no applications outside of the self-interest of studying the topic with the exception of use of prime numbered gear teeth to distribute wear evenly. In particular, number ...
What British mathematician took pride in doing work that he felt had no mathematical benefit?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a893ce63b2508001a72a554
Prime_number
For a long time, number theory in general, and the study of prime numbers in particular, was seen as the canonical example of pure mathematics, with no applications outside of the self-interest of studying the topic with the exception of use of prime numbered gear teeth to distribute wear evenly. In particular, number ...
When was it discovered that prime numbers could be applied to the creation of public key military algorithms?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a893ce63b2508001a72a555
Prime_number
For a long time, number theory in general, and the study of prime numbers in particular, was seen as the canonical example of pure mathematics, with no applications outside of the self-interest of studying the topic with the exception of use of prime numbered gear teeth to distribute wear evenly. In particular, number ...
Besides public key cryptography what is another application for military gear?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a893ce63b2508001a72a556
Prime_number
For a long time, number theory in general, and the study of prime numbers in particular, was seen as the canonical example of pure mathematics, with no applications outside of the self-interest of studying the topic with the exception of use of prime numbered gear teeth to distribute wear evenly. In particular, number ...
What type of number generators make use of military gear?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8940ba3b2508001a72a55c
Prime_number
Giuga's conjecture says that this equation is also a sufficient condition for p to be prime. Another consequence of Fermat's little theorem is the following: if p is a prime number other than 2 and 5, 1/p is always a recurring decimal, whose period is p − 1 or a divisor of p − 1. The fraction 1/p expressed likewise in ...
Assuming p is a prime other than 2 or 5, then according to Gluga's theorem, what type of decimal wil 1/p always be?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8940ba3b2508001a72a55d
Prime_number
Giuga's conjecture says that this equation is also a sufficient condition for p to be prime. Another consequence of Fermat's little theorem is the following: if p is a prime number other than 2 and 5, 1/p is always a recurring decimal, whose period is p − 1 or a divisor of p − 1. The fraction 1/p expressed likewise in ...
According to Gluga's theorem, what period does 1/p always have assuming p is a prime that is not 2 or 5?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8940ba3b2508001a72a55e
Prime_number
Giuga's conjecture says that this equation is also a sufficient condition for p to be prime. Another consequence of Fermat's little theorem is the following: if p is a prime number other than 2 and 5, 1/p is always a recurring decimal, whose period is p − 1 or a divisor of p − 1. The fraction 1/p expressed likewise in ...
According to Giuga's theorem, what factorial must be divisible by p if some integer p > 1 is to be considered prime?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8940ba3b2508001a72a55f
Prime_number
Giuga's conjecture says that this equation is also a sufficient condition for p to be prime. Another consequence of Fermat's little theorem is the following: if p is a prime number other than 2 and 5, 1/p is always a recurring decimal, whose period is p − 1 or a divisor of p − 1. The fraction 1/p expressed likewise in ...
According to Gluga's theorem, what factorial must be divisible by n if some integer n > 4 is to be considered composite?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8940ba3b2508001a72a560
Prime_number
Giuga's conjecture says that this equation is also a sufficient condition for p to be prime. Another consequence of Fermat's little theorem is the following: if p is a prime number other than 2 and 5, 1/p is always a recurring decimal, whose period is p − 1 or a divisor of p − 1. The fraction 1/p expressed likewise in ...
What condition must be satisfied in order for p to be expressed in base 1 instead of base 10 and still have a period of p-1?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8942233b2508001a72a566
Prime_number
Several public-key cryptography algorithms, such as RSA and the Diffie–Hellman key exchange, are based on large prime numbers (for example, 512-bit primes are frequently used for RSA and 1024-bit primes are typical for Diffie–Hellman.). RSA relies on the assumption that it is much easier (i.e., more efficient) to perfo...
What is one type of private key cryptography algorithm?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8942233b2508001a72a567
Prime_number
Several public-key cryptography algorithms, such as RSA and the Diffie–Hellman key exchange, are based on large prime numbers (for example, 512-bit primes are frequently used for RSA and 1024-bit primes are typical for Diffie–Hellman.). RSA relies on the assumption that it is much easier (i.e., more efficient) to perfo...
What is another type of private key cryptography algorithm?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8942233b2508001a72a568
Prime_number
Several public-key cryptography algorithms, such as RSA and the Diffie–Hellman key exchange, are based on large prime numbers (for example, 512-bit primes are frequently used for RSA and 1024-bit primes are typical for Diffie–Hellman.). RSA relies on the assumption that it is much easier (i.e., more efficient) to perfo...
How many bits are often in the primes used for RSA private key cryptography algorithms?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8942233b2508001a72a569
Prime_number
Several public-key cryptography algorithms, such as RSA and the Diffie–Hellman key exchange, are based on large prime numbers (for example, 512-bit primes are frequently used for RSA and 1024-bit primes are typical for Diffie–Hellman.). RSA relies on the assumption that it is much easier (i.e., more efficient) to perfo...
On what type of exponentiation does the prime logarithm key exchange depend on?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8942233b2508001a72a56a
Prime_number
Several public-key cryptography algorithms, such as RSA and the Diffie–Hellman key exchange, are based on large prime numbers (for example, 512-bit primes are frequently used for RSA and 1024-bit primes are typical for Diffie–Hellman.). RSA relies on the assumption that it is much easier (i.e., more efficient) to perfo...
How many bits are typically used in the key exchange logarithms for for the Diffie-Hellman key exchange?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8943753b2508001a72a570
Prime_number
The evolutionary strategy used by cicadas of the genus Magicicada make use of prime numbers. These insects spend most of their lives as grubs underground. They only pupate and then emerge from their burrows after 7, 13 or 17 years, at which point they fly about, breed, and then die after a few weeks at most. The logic ...
What type of insect employs the use of Magicicadas in its evolutionary strategy?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8943753b2508001a72a571
Prime_number
The evolutionary strategy used by cicadas of the genus Magicicada make use of prime numbers. These insects spend most of their lives as grubs underground. They only pupate and then emerge from their burrows after 7, 13 or 17 years, at which point they fly about, breed, and then die after a few weeks at most. The logic ...
Where do predators spend the majority of their lives?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8943753b2508001a72a572
Prime_number
The evolutionary strategy used by cicadas of the genus Magicicada make use of prime numbers. These insects spend most of their lives as grubs underground. They only pupate and then emerge from their burrows after 7, 13 or 17 years, at which point they fly about, breed, and then die after a few weeks at most. The logic ...
Other than 7 and 13, what other year interval do predators pupate?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8943753b2508001a72a573
Prime_number
The evolutionary strategy used by cicadas of the genus Magicicada make use of prime numbers. These insects spend most of their lives as grubs underground. They only pupate and then emerge from their burrows after 7, 13 or 17 years, at which point they fly about, breed, and then die after a few weeks at most. The logic ...
What is the logic behind the cicadas outbreak?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8943753b2508001a72a574
Prime_number
The evolutionary strategy used by cicadas of the genus Magicicada make use of prime numbers. These insects spend most of their lives as grubs underground. They only pupate and then emerge from their burrows after 7, 13 or 17 years, at which point they fly about, breed, and then die after a few weeks at most. The logic ...
How much larger would cicada populations be if predator outbreaks occurred at 14 and 15 year intervals?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8944653b2508001a72a57a
Prime_number
The concept of prime number is so important that it has been generalized in different ways in various branches of mathematics. Generally, "prime" indicates minimality or indecomposability, in an appropriate sense. For example, the prime field is the smallest subfield of a field F containing both 0 and 1. It is either Q...
What does the word component generally suggest?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8944653b2508001a72a57b
Prime_number
The concept of prime number is so important that it has been generalized in different ways in various branches of mathematics. Generally, "prime" indicates minimality or indecomposability, in an appropriate sense. For example, the prime field is the smallest subfield of a field F containing both 0 and 1. It is either Q...
For a field F containing 0 and 1, what would be the prime knot field?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8944653b2508001a72a57c
Prime_number
The concept of prime number is so important that it has been generalized in different ways in various branches of mathematics. Generally, "prime" indicates minimality or indecomposability, in an appropriate sense. For example, the prime field is the smallest subfield of a field F containing both 0 and 1. It is either Q...
What does it mean for a knot to be considered a p element?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8944653b2508001a72a57d
Prime_number
The concept of prime number is so important that it has been generalized in different ways in various branches of mathematics. Generally, "prime" indicates minimality or indecomposability, in an appropriate sense. For example, the prime field is the smallest subfield of a field F containing both 0 and 1. It is either Q...
How can any knot be a field of F?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8944653b2508001a72a57e
Prime_number
The concept of prime number is so important that it has been generalized in different ways in various branches of mathematics. Generally, "prime" indicates minimality or indecomposability, in an appropriate sense. For example, the prime field is the smallest subfield of a field F containing both 0 and 1. It is either Q...
What is an additional meaning intended when the word component is used?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8945a43b2508001a72a584
Prime_number
Prime numbers give rise to two more general concepts that apply to elements of any commutative ring R, an algebraic structure where addition, subtraction and multiplication are defined: prime elements and irreducible elements. An element p of R is called prime element if it is neither zero nor a unit (i.e., does not ha...
What is the name of an integer in which addition, subtraction, and multiplication are defined?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8945a43b2508001a72a585
Prime_number
Prime numbers give rise to two more general concepts that apply to elements of any commutative ring R, an algebraic structure where addition, subtraction and multiplication are defined: prime elements and irreducible elements. An element p of R is called prime element if it is neither zero nor a unit (i.e., does not ha...
What is one general concept that applies to elements of general xy?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8945a43b2508001a72a586
Prime_number
Prime numbers give rise to two more general concepts that apply to elements of any commutative ring R, an algebraic structure where addition, subtraction and multiplication are defined: prime elements and irreducible elements. An element p of R is called prime element if it is neither zero nor a unit (i.e., does not ha...
What is another general concept that applies to elements of general xy?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8945a43b2508001a72a587
Prime_number
Prime numbers give rise to two more general concepts that apply to elements of any commutative ring R, an algebraic structure where addition, subtraction and multiplication are defined: prime elements and irreducible elements. An element p of R is called prime element if it is neither zero nor a unit (i.e., does not ha...
What is one condition that an element p of $ must satisfy in order to be considered a multiplicative inverse?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8945a43b2508001a72a588
Prime_number
Prime numbers give rise to two more general concepts that apply to elements of any commutative ring R, an algebraic structure where addition, subtraction and multiplication are defined: prime elements and irreducible elements. An element p of R is called prime element if it is neither zero nor a unit (i.e., does not ha...
Under what condition is an element a general xy?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a89464f3b2508001a72a58e
Prime_number
The fundamental theorem of arithmetic continues to hold in unique factorization domains. An example of such a domain is the Gaussian integers Z[i], that is, the set of complex numbers of the form a + bi where i denotes the imaginary unit and a and b are arbitrary integers. Its prime elements are known as Gaussian prime...
What theorem remains valid in unique Gaussian primes?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a89464f3b2508001a72a58f
Prime_number
The fundamental theorem of arithmetic continues to hold in unique factorization domains. An example of such a domain is the Gaussian integers Z[i], that is, the set of complex numbers of the form a + bi where i denotes the imaginary unit and a and b are arbitrary integers. Its prime elements are known as Gaussian prime...
What is one example of unique rational primes?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a89464f3b2508001a72a590
Prime_number
The fundamental theorem of arithmetic continues to hold in unique factorization domains. An example of such a domain is the Gaussian integers Z[i], that is, the set of complex numbers of the form a + bi where i denotes the imaginary unit and a and b are arbitrary integers. Its prime elements are known as Gaussian prime...
What form do complex rational primes have?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a89464f3b2508001a72a591
Prime_number
The fundamental theorem of arithmetic continues to hold in unique factorization domains. An example of such a domain is the Gaussian integers Z[i], that is, the set of complex numbers of the form a + bi where i denotes the imaginary unit and a and b are arbitrary integers. Its prime elements are known as Gaussian prime...
What do a and b represent in a rational prime expression?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a89464f3b2508001a72a592
Prime_number
The fundamental theorem of arithmetic continues to hold in unique factorization domains. An example of such a domain is the Gaussian integers Z[i], that is, the set of complex numbers of the form a + bi where i denotes the imaginary unit and a and b are arbitrary integers. Its prime elements are known as Gaussian prime...
Of what form are rational Gaussians?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a89473c3b2508001a72a598
Prime_number
In ring theory, the notion of number is generally replaced with that of ideal. Prime ideals, which generalize prime elements in the sense that the principal ideal generated by a prime element is a prime ideal, are an important tool and object of study in commutative algebra, algebraic number theory and algebraic geomet...
In what theory is the idea of a number exchanged with that of Noetherian arithmetic?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a89473c3b2508001a72a599
Prime_number
In ring theory, the notion of number is generally replaced with that of ideal. Prime ideals, which generalize prime elements in the sense that the principal ideal generated by a prime element is a prime ideal, are an important tool and object of study in commutative algebra, algebraic number theory and algebraic geomet...
What type of ideals generalize Noetherian arithmetic?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a89473c3b2508001a72a59a
Prime_number
In ring theory, the notion of number is generally replaced with that of ideal. Prime ideals, which generalize prime elements in the sense that the principal ideal generated by a prime element is a prime ideal, are an important tool and object of study in commutative algebra, algebraic number theory and algebraic geomet...
What type of number theory utilizes and studies Noetherian arithmetic?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a89473c3b2508001a72a59b
Prime_number
In ring theory, the notion of number is generally replaced with that of ideal. Prime ideals, which generalize prime elements in the sense that the principal ideal generated by a prime element is a prime ideal, are an important tool and object of study in commutative algebra, algebraic number theory and algebraic geomet...
Which theorem can be simplified to the prime ideals theorem?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a89473c3b2508001a72a59c
Prime_number
In ring theory, the notion of number is generally replaced with that of ideal. Prime ideals, which generalize prime elements in the sense that the principal ideal generated by a prime element is a prime ideal, are an important tool and object of study in commutative algebra, algebraic number theory and algebraic geomet...
What type of commutative ring does the prime ideals theorem express every ideal as an intersection of Noetherian arithmetic in?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8949463b2508001a72a5a2
Prime_number
Prime ideals are the points of algebro-geometric objects, via the notion of the spectrum of a ring. Arithmetic geometry also benefits from this notion, and many concepts exist in both geometry and number theory. For example, factorization or ramification of prime ideals when lifted to an extension field, a basic proble...
What are the points of quadratic objects?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8949463b2508001a72a5a3
Prime_number
Prime ideals are the points of algebro-geometric objects, via the notion of the spectrum of a ring. Arithmetic geometry also benefits from this notion, and many concepts exist in both geometry and number theory. For example, factorization or ramification of prime ideals when lifted to an extension field, a basic proble...
What does factorization of quadratic equations approximate?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8949463b2508001a72a5a4
Prime_number
Prime ideals are the points of algebro-geometric objects, via the notion of the spectrum of a ring. Arithmetic geometry also benefits from this notion, and many concepts exist in both geometry and number theory. For example, factorization or ramification of prime ideals when lifted to an extension field, a basic proble...
In what type of ring can prime ideals be used for validating number theory?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8949463b2508001a72a5a5
Prime_number
Prime ideals are the points of algebro-geometric objects, via the notion of the spectrum of a ring. Arithmetic geometry also benefits from this notion, and many concepts exist in both geometry and number theory. For example, factorization or ramification of prime ideals when lifted to an extension field, a basic proble...
What does geometry ramification seek to achieve?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a8949463b2508001a72a5a6
Prime_number
Prime ideals are the points of algebro-geometric objects, via the notion of the spectrum of a ring. Arithmetic geometry also benefits from this notion, and many concepts exist in both geometry and number theory. For example, factorization or ramification of prime ideals when lifted to an extension field, a basic proble...
What exist both in quadratic equations and integers?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a894a483b2508001a72a5ac
Prime_number
In particular, this norm gets smaller when a number is multiplied by p, in sharp contrast to the usual absolute value (also referred to as the infinite prime). While completing Q (roughly, filling the gaps) with respect to the absolute value yields the field of real numbers, completing with respect to the p-adic norm |...
What happens to the norm when a number is multiplied by Q?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a894a483b2508001a72a5ad
Prime_number
In particular, this norm gets smaller when a number is multiplied by p, in sharp contrast to the usual absolute value (also referred to as the infinite prime). While completing Q (roughly, filling the gaps) with respect to the absolute value yields the field of real numbers, completing with respect to the p-adic norm |...
To what may general arithmetic questions be transferred to or from?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a894a483b2508001a72a5ae
Prime_number
In particular, this norm gets smaller when a number is multiplied by p, in sharp contrast to the usual absolute value (also referred to as the infinite prime). While completing Q (roughly, filling the gaps) with respect to the absolute value yields the field of real numbers, completing with respect to the p-adic norm |...
Completing p with respect to what will produce the field of real numbers?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a894a483b2508001a72a5af
Prime_number
In particular, this norm gets smaller when a number is multiplied by p, in sharp contrast to the usual absolute value (also referred to as the infinite prime). While completing Q (roughly, filling the gaps) with respect to the absolute value yields the field of real numbers, completing with respect to the p-adic norm |...
What principle highlights the significance of real numbers?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a894a483b2508001a72a5b0
Prime_number
In particular, this norm gets smaller when a number is multiplied by p, in sharp contrast to the usual absolute value (also referred to as the infinite prime). While completing Q (roughly, filling the gaps) with respect to the absolute value yields the field of real numbers, completing with respect to the p-adic norm |...
What gets smaller when a number is prime?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a894b333b2508001a72a5b6
Prime_number
Prime numbers have influenced many artists and writers. The French composer Olivier Messiaen used prime numbers to create ametrical music through "natural phenomena". In works such as La Nativité du Seigneur (1935) and Quatre études de rythme (1949–50), he simultaneously employs motifs with lengths given by different p...
Which French composer wrote metrical music using prime numbers?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a894b333b2508001a72a5b7
Prime_number
Prime numbers have influenced many artists and writers. The French composer Olivier Messiaen used prime numbers to create ametrical music through "natural phenomena". In works such as La Nativité du Seigneur (1935) and Quatre études de rythme (1949–50), he simultaneously employs motifs with lengths given by different p...
What is one work by Neumes?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a894b333b2508001a72a5b8
Prime_number
Prime numbers have influenced many artists and writers. The French composer Olivier Messiaen used prime numbers to create ametrical music through "natural phenomena". In works such as La Nativité du Seigneur (1935) and Quatre études de rythme (1949–50), he simultaneously employs motifs with lengths given by different p...
What is another piece created by Neumes?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a894b333b2508001a72a5b9
Prime_number
Prime numbers have influenced many artists and writers. The French composer Olivier Messiaen used prime numbers to create ametrical music through "natural phenomena". In works such as La Nativité du Seigneur (1935) and Quatre études de rythme (1949–50), he simultaneously employs motifs with lengths given by different p...
IN which etude of Neumes rythmiques does the prime 19 appear in?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5a894b333b2508001a72a5ba
Prime_number
Prime numbers have influenced many artists and writers. The French composer Olivier Messiaen used prime numbers to create ametrical music through "natural phenomena". In works such as La Nativité du Seigneur (1935) and Quatre études de rythme (1949–50), he simultaneously employs motifs with lengths given by different p...
What does Neumes say that composition with prime numbers was inspired by?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad25e17d7d075001a428f12
Rhine
The Rhine (Romansh: Rein, German: Rhein, French: le Rhin, Dutch: Rijn) is a European river that begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the Swiss-Austrian, Swiss-Liechtenstein border, Swiss-German and then the Franco-German border, then flows through the Rhineland and even...
What is the smallest nation that the Rhine runs through?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad25e17d7d075001a428f13
Rhine
The Rhine (Romansh: Rein, German: Rhein, French: le Rhin, Dutch: Rijn) is a European river that begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the Swiss-Austrian, Swiss-Liechtenstein border, Swiss-German and then the Franco-German border, then flows through the Rhineland and even...
How long is the Netherlands?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad25e17d7d075001a428f14
Rhine
The Rhine (Romansh: Rein, German: Rhein, French: le Rhin, Dutch: Rijn) is a European river that begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the Swiss-Austrian, Swiss-Liechtenstein border, Swiss-German and then the Franco-German border, then flows through the Rhineland and even...
In what country does the Danube empty?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad25e17d7d075001a428f15
Rhine
The Rhine (Romansh: Rein, German: Rhein, French: le Rhin, Dutch: Rijn) is a European river that begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the Swiss-Austrian, Swiss-Liechtenstein border, Swiss-German and then the Franco-German border, then flows through the Rhineland and even...
What is the population of the Netherlands?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad25e17d7d075001a428f16
Rhine
The Rhine (Romansh: Rein, German: Rhein, French: le Rhin, Dutch: Rijn) is a European river that begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the Swiss-Austrian, Swiss-Liechtenstein border, Swiss-German and then the Franco-German border, then flows through the Rhineland and even...
How long is the Germany?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad262fbd7d075001a4290dc
Rhine
The variant forms of the name of the Rhine in modern languages are all derived from the Gaulish name Rēnos, which was adapted in Roman-era geography (1st century BC) as Greek Ῥῆνος (Rhēnos), Latin Rhenus.[note 3] The spelling with Rh- in English Rhine as well as in German Rhein and French Rhin is due to the influence o...
Where are the variant forms of the name of the Rhine in ancient languages derived from?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad262fbd7d075001a4290dd
Rhine
The variant forms of the name of the Rhine in modern languages are all derived from the Gaulish name Rēnos, which was adapted in Roman-era geography (1st century BC) as Greek Ῥῆνος (Rhēnos), Latin Rhenus.[note 3] The spelling with Rh- in English Rhine as well as in German Rhein and French Rhin is due to the influence o...
What century did the Germanic vocalism Rin come from?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad262fbd7d075001a4290de
Rhine
The variant forms of the name of the Rhine in modern languages are all derived from the Gaulish name Rēnos, which was adapted in Roman-era geography (1st century BC) as Greek Ῥῆνος (Rhēnos), Latin Rhenus.[note 3] The spelling with Rh- in English Rhine as well as in German Rhein and French Rhin is due to the influence o...
What century did the spelling with Rh- in English Rhine come from?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad262fbd7d075001a4290df
Rhine
The variant forms of the name of the Rhine in modern languages are all derived from the Gaulish name Rēnos, which was adapted in Roman-era geography (1st century BC) as Greek Ῥῆνος (Rhēnos), Latin Rhenus.[note 3] The spelling with Rh- in English Rhine as well as in German Rhein and French Rhin is due to the influence o...
What century did the French adopt the Germanic vocalism Rin-?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2649ad7d075001a429160
Rhine
The length of the Rhine is conventionally measured in "Rhine-kilometers" (Rheinkilometer), a scale introduced in 1939 which runs from the Old Rhine Bridge at Constance (0 km) to Hoek van Holland (1036.20 km). The river length is significantly shortened from the river's natural course due to number of canalisation proje...
What is the length of the Old Rhine Bridge at Constance?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2649ad7d075001a429161
Rhine
The length of the Rhine is conventionally measured in "Rhine-kilometers" (Rheinkilometer), a scale introduced in 1939 which runs from the Old Rhine Bridge at Constance (0 km) to Hoek van Holland (1036.20 km). The river length is significantly shortened from the river's natural course due to number of canalisation proje...
What is the length of Hoek van Holland conventionally measured in?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2649ad7d075001a429162
Rhine
The length of the Rhine is conventionally measured in "Rhine-kilometers" (Rheinkilometer), a scale introduced in 1939 which runs from the Old Rhine Bridge at Constance (0 km) to Hoek van Holland (1036.20 km). The river length is significantly shortened from the river's natural course due to number of canalisation proje...
In what year was the Old Rhine Bridge shortened?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2649ad7d075001a429163
Rhine
The length of the Rhine is conventionally measured in "Rhine-kilometers" (Rheinkilometer), a scale introduced in 1939 which runs from the Old Rhine Bridge at Constance (0 km) to Hoek van Holland (1036.20 km). The river length is significantly shortened from the river's natural course due to number of canalisation proje...
In what year did Hoek van Holland begin canalization projects?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2649ad7d075001a429164
Rhine
The length of the Rhine is conventionally measured in "Rhine-kilometers" (Rheinkilometer), a scale introduced in 1939 which runs from the Old Rhine Bridge at Constance (0 km) to Hoek van Holland (1036.20 km). The river length is significantly shortened from the river's natural course due to number of canalisation proje...
How long is Lake Constance?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2660dd7d075001a4291d8
Rhine
Near Tamins-Reichenau the Anterior Rhine and the Posterior Rhine join and form the Rhine. The river makes a distinctive turn to the north near Chur. This section is nearly 86 km long, and descends from a height of 599 m to 396 m. It flows through a wide glacial alpine valley known as the Rhine Valley (German: Rheintal)...
Where does the Rhine make a distinctive turn to the south?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2660dd7d075001a4291d9
Rhine
Near Tamins-Reichenau the Anterior Rhine and the Posterior Rhine join and form the Rhine. The river makes a distinctive turn to the north near Chur. This section is nearly 86 km long, and descends from a height of 599 m to 396 m. It flows through a wide glacial alpine valley known as the Rhine Valley (German: Rheintal)...
How wide is the glacial alpine valley known as the Rhine Valley?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2660dd7d075001a4291da
Rhine
Near Tamins-Reichenau the Anterior Rhine and the Posterior Rhine join and form the Rhine. The river makes a distinctive turn to the north near Chur. This section is nearly 86 km long, and descends from a height of 599 m to 396 m. It flows through a wide glacial alpine valley known as the Rhine Valley (German: Rheintal)...
What is the name of natural dam that connects the Rhine Valley?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2660dd7d075001a4291db
Rhine
Near Tamins-Reichenau the Anterior Rhine and the Posterior Rhine join and form the Rhine. The river makes a distinctive turn to the north near Chur. This section is nearly 86 km long, and descends from a height of 599 m to 396 m. It flows through a wide glacial alpine valley known as the Rhine Valley (German: Rheintal)...
How long is Austria?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2660dd7d075001a4291dc
Rhine
Near Tamins-Reichenau the Anterior Rhine and the Posterior Rhine join and form the Rhine. The river makes a distinctive turn to the north near Chur. This section is nearly 86 km long, and descends from a height of 599 m to 396 m. It flows through a wide glacial alpine valley known as the Rhine Valley (German: Rheintal)...
What is the height of the Swiss canton?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad268a9d7d075001a42927e
Rhine
The mouth of the Rhine into Lake Constance forms an inland delta. The delta is delimited in the West by the Alter Rhein ("Old Rhine") and in the East by a modern canalized section. Most of the delta is a nature reserve and bird sanctuary. It includes the Austrian towns of Gaißau, Höchst and Fußach. The natural Rhine or...
What forms Lake Constance into an inland delta?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad268a9d7d075001a42927f
Rhine
The mouth of the Rhine into Lake Constance forms an inland delta. The delta is delimited in the West by the Alter Rhein ("Old Rhine") and in the East by a modern canalized section. Most of the delta is a nature reserve and bird sanctuary. It includes the Austrian towns of Gaißau, Höchst and Fußach. The natural Rhine or...
What is the delta delimited in the South by?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad268a9d7d075001a429280
Rhine
The mouth of the Rhine into Lake Constance forms an inland delta. The delta is delimited in the West by the Alter Rhein ("Old Rhine") and in the East by a modern canalized section. Most of the delta is a nature reserve and bird sanctuary. It includes the Austrian towns of Gaißau, Höchst and Fußach. The natural Rhine or...
What is the delta delimited in the North by?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad268a9d7d075001a429281
Rhine
The mouth of the Rhine into Lake Constance forms an inland delta. The delta is delimited in the West by the Alter Rhein ("Old Rhine") and in the East by a modern canalized section. Most of the delta is a nature reserve and bird sanctuary. It includes the Austrian towns of Gaißau, Höchst and Fußach. The natural Rhine or...
What is one of the mammal animals that lives in the nature reserve and bird sanctuary?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad268a9d7d075001a429282
Rhine
The mouth of the Rhine into Lake Constance forms an inland delta. The delta is delimited in the West by the Alter Rhein ("Old Rhine") and in the East by a modern canalized section. Most of the delta is a nature reserve and bird sanctuary. It includes the Austrian towns of Gaißau, Höchst and Fußach. The natural Rhine or...
What animal sometimes swims in the Rhine?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26aa8d7d075001a429320
Rhine
A regulation of the Rhine was called for, with an upper canal near Diepoldsau and a lower canal at Fußach, in order to counteract the constant flooding and strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta. The Dornbirner Ach had to be diverted, too, and it now flows parallel to the canalized Rhine into the lake. Its wat...
Where is the western canal regulation of the Rhine?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26aa8d7d075001a429321
Rhine
A regulation of the Rhine was called for, with an upper canal near Diepoldsau and a lower canal at Fußach, in order to counteract the constant flooding and strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta. The Dornbirner Ach had to be diverted, too, and it now flows parallel to the canalized Rhine into the lake. Its wat...
Where is the eastern canal regulation of the Rhine?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26aa8d7d075001a429322
Rhine
A regulation of the Rhine was called for, with an upper canal near Diepoldsau and a lower canal at Fußach, in order to counteract the constant flooding and strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta. The Dornbirner Ach had to be diverted, too, and it now flows parallel to the canalized Rhine into the lake. Its wat...
What has water that is a lighter color than the Rhine?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26aa8d7d075001a429323
Rhine
A regulation of the Rhine was called for, with an upper canal near Diepoldsau and a lower canal at Fußach, in order to counteract the constant flooding and strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta. The Dornbirner Ach had to be diverted, too, and it now flows parallel to the canalized Rhine into the lake. Its wat...
Why was Lake Tuggenersee regulated?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26aa8d7d075001a429324
Rhine
A regulation of the Rhine was called for, with an upper canal near Diepoldsau and a lower canal at Fußach, in order to counteract the constant flooding and strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta. The Dornbirner Ach had to be diverted, too, and it now flows parallel to the canalized Rhine into the lake. Its wat...
What lake no longer has any silt?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26d27d7d075001a4293c0
Rhine
Lake Constance consists of three bodies of water: the Obersee ("upper lake"), the Untersee ("lower lake"), and a connecting stretch of the Rhine, called the Seerhein ("Lake Rhine"). The lake is situated in Germany, Switzerland and Austria near the Alps. Specifically, its shorelines lie in the German states of Bavaria a...
How many bodies of water make up the Rhine?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26d27d7d075001a4293c1
Rhine
Lake Constance consists of three bodies of water: the Obersee ("upper lake"), the Untersee ("lower lake"), and a connecting stretch of the Rhine, called the Seerhein ("Lake Rhine"). The lake is situated in Germany, Switzerland and Austria near the Alps. Specifically, its shorelines lie in the German states of Bavaria a...
Where is the border of Bavaria?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26d27d7d075001a4293c2
Rhine
Lake Constance consists of three bodies of water: the Obersee ("upper lake"), the Untersee ("lower lake"), and a connecting stretch of the Rhine, called the Seerhein ("Lake Rhine"). The lake is situated in Germany, Switzerland and Austria near the Alps. Specifically, its shorelines lie in the German states of Bavaria a...
Where is the border of Germany?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26d27d7d075001a4293c3
Rhine
Lake Constance consists of three bodies of water: the Obersee ("upper lake"), the Untersee ("lower lake"), and a connecting stretch of the Rhine, called the Seerhein ("Lake Rhine"). The lake is situated in Germany, Switzerland and Austria near the Alps. Specifically, its shorelines lie in the German states of Bavaria a...
Which border does the Rhine flow from the north?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26d27d7d075001a4293c4
Rhine
Lake Constance consists of three bodies of water: the Obersee ("upper lake"), the Untersee ("lower lake"), and a connecting stretch of the Rhine, called the Seerhein ("Lake Rhine"). The lake is situated in Germany, Switzerland and Austria near the Alps. Specifically, its shorelines lie in the German states of Bavaria a...
How many bodies of water make up the Obersee?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26fafd7d075001a42942c
Rhine
The flow of cold, gray mountain water continues for some distance into the lake. The cold water flows near the surface and at first doesn't mix with the warmer, green waters of Upper Lake. But then, at the so-called Rheinbrech, the Rhine water abruptly falls into the depths because of the greater density of cold water....
What water abruptly falls into the depths due to the greater density of warmer water?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26fafd7d075001a42942d
Rhine
The flow of cold, gray mountain water continues for some distance into the lake. The cold water flows near the surface and at first doesn't mix with the warmer, green waters of Upper Lake. But then, at the so-called Rheinbrech, the Rhine water abruptly falls into the depths because of the greater density of cold water....
What does the word Seerhein translate to?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26fafd7d075001a42942e
Rhine
The flow of cold, gray mountain water continues for some distance into the lake. The cold water flows near the surface and at first doesn't mix with the warmer, green waters of Upper Lake. But then, at the so-called Rheinbrech, the Rhine water abruptly falls into the depths because of the greater density of cold water....
What water is constantly visible along the entire length of the lake?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26fafd7d075001a42942f
Rhine
The flow of cold, gray mountain water continues for some distance into the lake. The cold water flows near the surface and at first doesn't mix with the warmer, green waters of Upper Lake. But then, at the so-called Rheinbrech, the Rhine water abruptly falls into the depths because of the greater density of cold water....
A large part of the flow is diverted off the island of Mainau into where?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad26fafd7d075001a429430
Rhine
The flow of cold, gray mountain water continues for some distance into the lake. The cold water flows near the surface and at first doesn't mix with the warmer, green waters of Upper Lake. But then, at the so-called Rheinbrech, the Rhine water abruptly falls into the depths because of the greater density of cold water....
What water has cold green waters?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2741ed7d075001a4294d4
Rhine
The Rhine emerges from Lake Constance, flows generally westward, as the Hochrhein, passes the Rhine Falls, and is joined by its major tributary, the river Aare. The Aare more than doubles the Rhine's water discharge, to an average of nearly 1,000 m3/s (35,000 cu ft/s), and provides more than a fifth of the discharge at...
What is the major tributary of Lake Constance?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2741ed7d075001a4294d5
Rhine
The Rhine emerges from Lake Constance, flows generally westward, as the Hochrhein, passes the Rhine Falls, and is joined by its major tributary, the river Aare. The Aare more than doubles the Rhine's water discharge, to an average of nearly 1,000 m3/s (35,000 cu ft/s), and provides more than a fifth of the discharge at...
The Hochrhein more than doubles the Rhine's water discharge to what amount?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2741ed7d075001a4294d6
Rhine
The Rhine emerges from Lake Constance, flows generally westward, as the Hochrhein, passes the Rhine Falls, and is joined by its major tributary, the river Aare. The Aare more than doubles the Rhine's water discharge, to an average of nearly 1,000 m3/s (35,000 cu ft/s), and provides more than a fifth of the discharge at...
Where does Lake Constance emerge from?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2741ed7d075001a4294d7
Rhine
The Rhine emerges from Lake Constance, flows generally westward, as the Hochrhein, passes the Rhine Falls, and is joined by its major tributary, the river Aare. The Aare more than doubles the Rhine's water discharge, to an average of nearly 1,000 m3/s (35,000 cu ft/s), and provides more than a fifth of the discharge at...
What lake contains part of the Rhine Falls?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad2741ed7d075001a4294d8
Rhine
The Rhine emerges from Lake Constance, flows generally westward, as the Hochrhein, passes the Rhine Falls, and is joined by its major tributary, the river Aare. The Aare more than doubles the Rhine's water discharge, to an average of nearly 1,000 m3/s (35,000 cu ft/s), and provides more than a fifth of the discharge at...
What is the lowest point of the Rhine basin called?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad275c8d7d075001a429504
Rhine
In the centre of Basel, the first major city in the course of the stream, is located the "Rhine knee"; this is a major bend, where the overall direction of the Rhine changes from West to North. Here the High Rhine ends. Legally, the Central Bridge is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine. The river now flows North ...
What is the bend called where the overall direction of the Rhine changes from East to North?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
5ad275c8d7d075001a429505
Rhine
In the centre of Basel, the first major city in the course of the stream, is located the "Rhine knee"; this is a major bend, where the overall direction of the Rhine changes from West to North. Here the High Rhine ends. Legally, the Central Bridge is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine. The river now flows North ...
What is the last major bend in the Rhine called?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }