id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 4.06k | question stringlengths 12 184 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
5ad275c8d7d075001a429506 | Rhine | In the centre of Basel, the first major city in the course of the stream, is located the "Rhine knee"; this is a major bend, where the overall direction of the Rhine changes from West to North. Here the High Rhine ends. Legally, the Central Bridge is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine. The river now flows North ... | What is the last major city in the stream of the Rhine called? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad275c8d7d075001a429507 | Rhine | In the centre of Basel, the first major city in the course of the stream, is located the "Rhine knee"; this is a major bend, where the overall direction of the Rhine changes from West to North. Here the High Rhine ends. Legally, the Central Bridge is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine. The river now flows North ... | How long is the Central Bridge? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad275c8d7d075001a429508 | Rhine | In the centre of Basel, the first major city in the course of the stream, is located the "Rhine knee"; this is a major bend, where the overall direction of the Rhine changes from West to North. Here the High Rhine ends. Legally, the Central Bridge is the boundary between High and Upper Rhine. The river now flows North ... | How wide is the Mainz Basin? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad278add7d075001a429572 | Rhine | The Upper Rhine region was changed significantly by a Rhine straightening program in the 19th Century. The rate of flow was increased and the ground water level fell significantly. Dead branches dried up and the amount of forests on the flood plains decreased sharply. On the French side, the Grand Canal d'Alsace was du... | In which century was the Grand Canal d'Alsace ended? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad278add7d075001a429573 | Rhine | The Upper Rhine region was changed significantly by a Rhine straightening program in the 19th Century. The rate of flow was increased and the ground water level fell significantly. Dead branches dried up and the amount of forests on the flood plains decreased sharply. On the French side, the Grand Canal d'Alsace was du... | What decreased the rate of flow and caused the ground water level to rise? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad278add7d075001a429574 | Rhine | The Upper Rhine region was changed significantly by a Rhine straightening program in the 19th Century. The rate of flow was increased and the ground water level fell significantly. Dead branches dried up and the amount of forests on the flood plains decreased sharply. On the French side, the Grand Canal d'Alsace was du... | What caused the Lower Rhine region to be changed significantly? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad278add7d075001a429575 | Rhine | The Upper Rhine region was changed significantly by a Rhine straightening program in the 19th Century. The rate of flow was increased and the ground water level fell significantly. Dead branches dried up and the amount of forests on the flood plains decreased sharply. On the French side, the Grand Canal d'Alsace was du... | In what century did all of the dead branches dry up? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad278add7d075001a429576 | Rhine | The Upper Rhine region was changed significantly by a Rhine straightening program in the 19th Century. The rate of flow was increased and the ground water level fell significantly. Dead branches dried up and the amount of forests on the flood plains decreased sharply. On the French side, the Grand Canal d'Alsace was du... | In what century did the amount of forests on the flood plain increase? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad27abcd7d075001a42962a | Rhine | The Rhine is the longest river in Germany. It is here that the Rhine encounters some more of its main tributaries, such as the Neckar, the Main and, later, the Moselle, which contributes an average discharge of more than 300 m3/s (11,000 cu ft/s). Northeastern France drains to the Rhine via the Moselle; smaller rivers ... | What is the shortest river in Germany? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad27abcd7d075001a42962b | Rhine | The Rhine is the longest river in Germany. It is here that the Rhine encounters some more of its main tributaries, such as the Neckar, the Main and, later, the Moselle, which contributes an average discharge of more than 300 m3/s (11,000 cu ft/s). Northeastern France drains to the Rhine via the Moselle; smaller rivers ... | What is the average discharge of the Moselle to the Neckar? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad27abcd7d075001a42962c | Rhine | The Rhine is the longest river in Germany. It is here that the Rhine encounters some more of its main tributaries, such as the Neckar, the Main and, later, the Moselle, which contributes an average discharge of more than 300 m3/s (11,000 cu ft/s). Northeastern France drains to the Rhine via the Moselle; smaller rivers ... | How wide are the Jura Mountains? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad27abcd7d075001a42962d | Rhine | The Rhine is the longest river in Germany. It is here that the Rhine encounters some more of its main tributaries, such as the Neckar, the Main and, later, the Moselle, which contributes an average discharge of more than 300 m3/s (11,000 cu ft/s). Northeastern France drains to the Rhine via the Moselle; smaller rivers ... | How much water does the Rhine discharge at the French border? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad27abcd7d075001a42962e | Rhine | The Rhine is the longest river in Germany. It is here that the Rhine encounters some more of its main tributaries, such as the Neckar, the Main and, later, the Moselle, which contributes an average discharge of more than 300 m3/s (11,000 cu ft/s). Northeastern France drains to the Rhine via the Moselle; smaller rivers ... | How wide is the Moselle? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad27d5dd7d075001a4296bc | Rhine | Between Bingen and Bonn, the Middle Rhine flows through the Rhine Gorge, a formation which was created by erosion. The rate of erosion equaled the uplift in the region, such that the river was left at about its original level while the surrounding lands raised. The gorge is quite deep and is the stretch of the river wh... | In what year was "the Romantic Rhine" site built? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad27d5dd7d075001a4296bd | Rhine | Between Bingen and Bonn, the Middle Rhine flows through the Rhine Gorge, a formation which was created by erosion. The rate of erosion equaled the uplift in the region, such that the river was left at about its original level while the surrounding lands raised. The gorge is quite deep and is the stretch of the river wh... | How many country villages can be found at the UNESCO World Heritage Site? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad27d5dd7d075001a4296be | Rhine | Between Bingen and Bonn, the Middle Rhine flows through the Rhine Gorge, a formation which was created by erosion. The rate of erosion equaled the uplift in the region, such that the river was left at about its original level while the surrounding lands raised. The gorge is quite deep and is the stretch of the river wh... | What formation was created because the erosion ceased? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad27d5dd7d075001a4296bf | Rhine | Between Bingen and Bonn, the Middle Rhine flows through the Rhine Gorge, a formation which was created by erosion. The rate of erosion equaled the uplift in the region, such that the river was left at about its original level while the surrounding lands raised. The gorge is quite deep and is the stretch of the river wh... | How many vineyards are located in the "the Romantic Rhine"? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad27d5dd7d075001a4296c0 | Rhine | Between Bingen and Bonn, the Middle Rhine flows through the Rhine Gorge, a formation which was created by erosion. The rate of erosion equaled the uplift in the region, such that the river was left at about its original level while the surrounding lands raised. The gorge is quite deep and is the stretch of the river wh... | What flows after Bingen and Bonn? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad27f33d7d075001a429752 | Rhine | Until the early 1980s, industry was a major source of water pollution. Although many plants and factories can be found along the Rhine up into Switzerland, it is along the Lower Rhine that the bulk of them are concentrated, as the river passes the major cities of Cologne, Düsseldorf and Duisburg. Duisburg is the home o... | What was a major source of water pollution after the early 1980s? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad27f33d7d075001a429753 | Rhine | Until the early 1980s, industry was a major source of water pollution. Although many plants and factories can be found along the Rhine up into Switzerland, it is along the Lower Rhine that the bulk of them are concentrated, as the river passes the major cities of Cologne, Düsseldorf and Duisburg. Duisburg is the home o... | Where are the least amount of the factories found? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad27f33d7d075001a429754 | Rhine | Until the early 1980s, industry was a major source of water pollution. Although many plants and factories can be found along the Rhine up into Switzerland, it is along the Lower Rhine that the bulk of them are concentrated, as the river passes the major cities of Cologne, Düsseldorf and Duisburg. Duisburg is the home o... | What is Europe's smallest inland port? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad27f33d7d075001a429755 | Rhine | Until the early 1980s, industry was a major source of water pollution. Although many plants and factories can be found along the Rhine up into Switzerland, it is along the Lower Rhine that the bulk of them are concentrated, as the river passes the major cities of Cologne, Düsseldorf and Duisburg. Duisburg is the home o... | What river separates the Rhine from Duisburg? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad27f33d7d075001a429756 | Rhine | Until the early 1980s, industry was a major source of water pollution. Although many plants and factories can be found along the Rhine up into Switzerland, it is along the Lower Rhine that the bulk of them are concentrated, as the river passes the major cities of Cologne, Düsseldorf and Duisburg. Duisburg is the home o... | What river is considered to be not so clean nowadays? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28098d7d075001a4297b8 | Rhine | The dominant economic sectors in the Middle Rhine area are viniculture and tourism. The Rhine Gorge between Rüdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Near Sankt Goarshausen, the Rhine flows around the famous rock Lorelei. With its outstanding architectural monuments, the slopes full of v... | What the least dominant economic sectors in the Middle Rhine area? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28098d7d075001a4297b9 | Rhine | The dominant economic sectors in the Middle Rhine area are viniculture and tourism. The Rhine Gorge between Rüdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Near Sankt Goarshausen, the Rhine flows around the famous rock Lorelei. With its outstanding architectural monuments, the slopes full of v... | What is located after Rüdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28098d7d075001a4297ba | Rhine | The dominant economic sectors in the Middle Rhine area are viniculture and tourism. The Rhine Gorge between Rüdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Near Sankt Goarshausen, the Rhine flows around the famous rock Lorelei. With its outstanding architectural monuments, the slopes full of v... | What was removed from the list of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28098d7d075001a4297bb | Rhine | The dominant economic sectors in the Middle Rhine area are viniculture and tourism. The Rhine Gorge between Rüdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Near Sankt Goarshausen, the Rhine flows around the famous rock Lorelei. With its outstanding architectural monuments, the slopes full of v... | What is the name of the famous rock that the Rhine flows into? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28098d7d075001a4297bc | Rhine | The dominant economic sectors in the Middle Rhine area are viniculture and tourism. The Rhine Gorge between Rüdesheim am Rhein and Koblenz is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Near Sankt Goarshausen, the Rhine flows around the famous rock Lorelei. With its outstanding architectural monuments, the slopes full of v... | Where are the most settlements located? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28253d7d075001a429832 | Rhine | The Lower Rhine flows through North Rhine-Westphalia. Its banks are usually heavily populated and industrialized, in particular the agglomerations Cologne, Düsseldorf and Ruhr area. Here the Rhine flows through the largest conurbation in Germany, the Rhine-Ruhr region. One of the most important cities in this region is... | Where does the Upper Rhine flow through? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28253d7d075001a429833 | Rhine | The Lower Rhine flows through North Rhine-Westphalia. Its banks are usually heavily populated and industrialized, in particular the agglomerations Cologne, Düsseldorf and Ruhr area. Here the Rhine flows through the largest conurbation in Germany, the Rhine-Ruhr region. One of the most important cities in this region is... | What banks are usually sparsely populated and lack industrialization? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28253d7d075001a429834 | Rhine | The Lower Rhine flows through North Rhine-Westphalia. Its banks are usually heavily populated and industrialized, in particular the agglomerations Cologne, Düsseldorf and Ruhr area. Here the Rhine flows through the largest conurbation in Germany, the Rhine-Ruhr region. One of the most important cities in this region is... | What city has one of the smallest ports in Germany? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28253d7d075001a429835 | Rhine | The Lower Rhine flows through North Rhine-Westphalia. Its banks are usually heavily populated and industrialized, in particular the agglomerations Cologne, Düsseldorf and Ruhr area. Here the Rhine flows through the largest conurbation in Germany, the Rhine-Ruhr region. One of the most important cities in this region is... | What is the name of the shortest suspension bridge in Germany? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28253d7d075001a429836 | Rhine | The Lower Rhine flows through North Rhine-Westphalia. Its banks are usually heavily populated and industrialized, in particular the agglomerations Cologne, Düsseldorf and Ruhr area. Here the Rhine flows through the largest conurbation in Germany, the Rhine-Ruhr region. One of the most important cities in this region is... | How wide is the second east-west shipping route? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad2852ad7d075001a429892 | Rhine | From here, the situation becomes more complicated, as the Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water. Two thirds of the water flow volume of the Rhine flows farther west, through the Waal and then, via the Merwede and Nieuwe Merwede (De Biesbosch), merging with the Meuse, through the Hollands Diep ... | How much of the of the water flow volume of the Rhine flows farther east? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad2852ad7d075001a429893 | Rhine | From here, the situation becomes more complicated, as the Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water. Two thirds of the water flow volume of the Rhine flows farther west, through the Waal and then, via the Merwede and Nieuwe Merwede (De Biesbosch), merging with the Meuse, through the Hollands Diep ... | Where do two thirds of the Rhine flow inside of Germany? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad2852ad7d075001a429894 | Rhine | From here, the situation becomes more complicated, as the Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water. Two thirds of the water flow volume of the Rhine flows farther west, through the Waal and then, via the Merwede and Nieuwe Merwede (De Biesbosch), merging with the Meuse, through the Hollands Diep ... | What sea does the Rhine flow out of? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad2852ad7d075001a429895 | Rhine | From here, the situation becomes more complicated, as the Dutch name Rijn no longer coincides with the main flow of water. Two thirds of the water flow volume of the Rhine flows farther west, through the Waal and then, via the Merwede and Nieuwe Merwede (De Biesbosch), merging with the Meuse, through the Hollands Diep ... | What branches off away from Dordrecht? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad286b4d7d075001a4298f6 | Rhine | The other third of the water flows through the Pannerdens Kanaal and redistributes in the IJssel and Nederrijn. The IJssel branch carries one ninth of the water flow of the Rhine north into the IJsselmeer (a former bay), while the Nederrijn carries approximately two ninths of the flow west along a route parallel to the... | How much water flows out of the Pannerdens Kanaal? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad286b4d7d075001a4298f7 | Rhine | The other third of the water flows through the Pannerdens Kanaal and redistributes in the IJssel and Nederrijn. The IJssel branch carries one ninth of the water flow of the Rhine north into the IJsselmeer (a former bay), while the Nederrijn carries approximately two ninths of the flow west along a route parallel to the... | Where does the IJssel and Nederrijn redistribute into? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad286b4d7d075001a4298f8 | Rhine | The other third of the water flows through the Pannerdens Kanaal and redistributes in the IJssel and Nederrijn. The IJssel branch carries one ninth of the water flow of the Rhine north into the IJsselmeer (a former bay), while the Nederrijn carries approximately two ninths of the flow west along a route parallel to the... | Where does the Lek separate? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad286b4d7d075001a4298f9 | Rhine | The other third of the water flows through the Pannerdens Kanaal and redistributes in the IJssel and Nederrijn. The IJssel branch carries one ninth of the water flow of the Rhine north into the IJsselmeer (a former bay), while the Nederrijn carries approximately two ninths of the flow west along a route parallel to the... | How much of the Noord River flows into the North Sea? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad286b4d7d075001a4298fa | Rhine | The other third of the water flows through the Pannerdens Kanaal and redistributes in the IJssel and Nederrijn. The IJssel branch carries one ninth of the water flow of the Rhine north into the IJsselmeer (a former bay), while the Nederrijn carries approximately two ninths of the flow west along a route parallel to the... | What does the Lek change its name to? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28861d7d075001a42993e | Rhine | The name Rijn, from here on, is used only for smaller streams farther to the north, which together formed the main river Rhine in Roman times. Though they retained the name, these streams no longer carry water from the Rhine, but are used for draining the surrounding land and polders. From Wijk bij Duurstede, the old n... | What name is used only for larger streams farther to the north? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28861d7d075001a42993f | Rhine | The name Rijn, from here on, is used only for smaller streams farther to the north, which together formed the main river Rhine in Roman times. Though they retained the name, these streams no longer carry water from the Rhine, but are used for draining the surrounding land and polders. From Wijk bij Duurstede, the old n... | What streams continue to carry water from the Rhine? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28861d7d075001a429940 | Rhine | The name Rijn, from here on, is used only for smaller streams farther to the north, which together formed the main river Rhine in Roman times. Though they retained the name, these streams no longer carry water from the Rhine, but are used for draining the surrounding land and polders. From Wijk bij Duurstede, the old n... | What is the the old south branch of the Rhine called? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28861d7d075001a429941 | Rhine | The name Rijn, from here on, is used only for smaller streams farther to the north, which together formed the main river Rhine in Roman times. Though they retained the name, these streams no longer carry water from the Rhine, but are used for draining the surrounding land and polders. From Wijk bij Duurstede, the old n... | When the Rhine took a right turn what did it create? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28861d7d075001a429942 | Rhine | The name Rijn, from here on, is used only for smaller streams farther to the north, which together formed the main river Rhine in Roman times. Though they retained the name, these streams no longer carry water from the Rhine, but are used for draining the surrounding land and polders. From Wijk bij Duurstede, the old n... | During what ages were the Limes Germanicus built? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28a54d7d075001a4299a6 | Rhine | The Rhine-Meuse Delta, the most important natural region of the Netherlands begins near Millingen aan de Rijn, close to the Dutch-German border with the division of the Rhine into Waal and Nederrijn. Since the Rhine contributes most of the water, the shorter term Rhine Delta is commonly used. However, this name is also... | What is the least important natural region of the Netherlands? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28a54d7d075001a4299a7 | Rhine | The Rhine-Meuse Delta, the most important natural region of the Netherlands begins near Millingen aan de Rijn, close to the Dutch-German border with the division of the Rhine into Waal and Nederrijn. Since the Rhine contributes most of the water, the shorter term Rhine Delta is commonly used. However, this name is also... | What ends near the Millingen aan de Rijn? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28a54d7d075001a4299a8 | Rhine | The Rhine-Meuse Delta, the most important natural region of the Netherlands begins near Millingen aan de Rijn, close to the Dutch-German border with the division of the Rhine into Waal and Nederrijn. Since the Rhine contributes most of the water, the shorter term Rhine Delta is commonly used. However, this name is also... | What contributes the least amount of water to the area? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28a54d7d075001a4299a9 | Rhine | The Rhine-Meuse Delta, the most important natural region of the Netherlands begins near Millingen aan de Rijn, close to the Dutch-German border with the division of the Rhine into Waal and Nederrijn. Since the Rhine contributes most of the water, the shorter term Rhine Delta is commonly used. However, this name is also... | What is another name for Lake Constance? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28a54d7d075001a4299aa | Rhine | The Rhine-Meuse Delta, the most important natural region of the Netherlands begins near Millingen aan de Rijn, close to the Dutch-German border with the division of the Rhine into Waal and Nederrijn. Since the Rhine contributes most of the water, the shorter term Rhine Delta is commonly used. However, this name is also... | What ends in the same delta? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28c93d7d075001a429a0e | Rhine | The shape of the Rhine delta is determined by two bifurcations: first, at Millingen aan de Rijn, the Rhine splits into Waal and Pannerdens Kanaal, which changes its name to Nederrijn at Angeren, and second near Arnhem, the IJssel branches off from the Nederrijn. This creates three main flows, two of which change names ... | The southern flow retains the name IJssel until it flows into what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28c93d7d075001a429a0f | Rhine | The shape of the Rhine delta is determined by two bifurcations: first, at Millingen aan de Rijn, the Rhine splits into Waal and Pannerdens Kanaal, which changes its name to Nederrijn at Angeren, and second near Arnhem, the IJssel branches off from the Nederrijn. This creates three main flows, two of which change names ... | The Beneden Merwede branches off from the northern branch into what? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28c93d7d075001a429a10 | Rhine | The shape of the Rhine delta is determined by two bifurcations: first, at Millingen aan de Rijn, the Rhine splits into Waal and Pannerdens Kanaal, which changes its name to Nederrijn at Angeren, and second near Arnhem, the IJssel branches off from the Nederrijn. This creates three main flows, two of which change names ... | What does the smallest and northern main branch begins as? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28c93d7d075001a429a11 | Rhine | The shape of the Rhine delta is determined by two bifurcations: first, at Millingen aan de Rijn, the Rhine splits into Waal and Pannerdens Kanaal, which changes its name to Nederrijn at Angeren, and second near Arnhem, the IJssel branches off from the Nederrijn. This creates three main flows, two of which change names ... | How many more flows carry insignificant amounts of water? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28ea7d7d075001a429a50 | Rhine | Before the St. Elizabeth's flood (1421), the Meuse flowed just south of today's line Merwede-Oude Maas to the North Sea and formed an archipelago-like estuary with Waal and Lek. This system of numerous bays, estuary-like extended rivers, many islands and constant changes of the coastline, is hard to imagine today. From... | When did the Meuse and Waal diverge further upstream at Gorinchem? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28ea7d7d075001a429a51 | Rhine | Before the St. Elizabeth's flood (1421), the Meuse flowed just south of today's line Merwede-Oude Maas to the North Sea and formed an archipelago-like estuary with Waal and Lek. This system of numerous bays, estuary-like extended rivers, many islands and constant changes of the coastline, is hard to imagine today. From... | What year was St. Elizabeth born? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28ea7d7d075001a429a52 | Rhine | Before the St. Elizabeth's flood (1421), the Meuse flowed just south of today's line Merwede-Oude Maas to the North Sea and formed an archipelago-like estuary with Waal and Lek. This system of numerous bays, estuary-like extended rivers, many islands and constant changes of the coastline, is hard to imagine today. From... | What year was it when St. Elizabeth flooded part of the North Sea? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28ea7d7d075001a429a53 | Rhine | Before the St. Elizabeth's flood (1421), the Meuse flowed just south of today's line Merwede-Oude Maas to the North Sea and formed an archipelago-like estuary with Waal and Lek. This system of numerous bays, estuary-like extended rivers, many islands and constant changes of the coastline, is hard to imagine today. From... | What flows out of the former bay Hollands Diep? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad28ea7d7d075001a429a54 | Rhine | Before the St. Elizabeth's flood (1421), the Meuse flowed just south of today's line Merwede-Oude Maas to the North Sea and formed an archipelago-like estuary with Waal and Lek. This system of numerous bays, estuary-like extended rivers, many islands and constant changes of the coastline, is hard to imagine today. From... | From what years did St. Elizabeth live in the Hollands Diep bay? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad2909bd7d075001a429a9e | Rhine | The hydrography of the current delta is characterized by the delta's main arms, disconnected arms (Hollandse IJssel, Linge, Vecht, etc.) and smaller rivers and streams. Many rivers have been closed ("dammed") and now serve as drainage channels for the numerous polders. The construction of Delta Works changed the Delta ... | What is one aspect of the hydrography of the former delta characterized by? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad2909bd7d075001a429a9f | Rhine | The hydrography of the current delta is characterized by the delta's main arms, disconnected arms (Hollandse IJssel, Linge, Vecht, etc.) and smaller rivers and streams. Many rivers have been closed ("dammed") and now serve as drainage channels for the numerous polders. The construction of Delta Works changed the Delta ... | What changed the Delta in the first half of the 20th Century? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad2909bd7d075001a429aa0 | Rhine | The hydrography of the current delta is characterized by the delta's main arms, disconnected arms (Hollandse IJssel, Linge, Vecht, etc.) and smaller rivers and streams. Many rivers have been closed ("dammed") and now serve as drainage channels for the numerous polders. The construction of Delta Works changed the Delta ... | In what century did the marine bays join the sea? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad2909bd7d075001a429aa1 | Rhine | The hydrography of the current delta is characterized by the delta's main arms, disconnected arms (Hollandse IJssel, Linge, Vecht, etc.) and smaller rivers and streams. Many rivers have been closed ("dammed") and now serve as drainage channels for the numerous polders. The construction of Delta Works changed the Delta ... | What water runs out of the sea and out of the former marine bay? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad292f0d7d075001a429ad4 | Rhine | The Rhine-Meuse Delta is a tidal delta, shaped not only by the sedimentation of the rivers, but also by tidal currents. This meant that high tide formed a serious risk because strong tidal currents could tear huge areas of land into the sea. Before the construction of the Delta Works, tidal influence was palpable up to... | What was not shaped by sedimentation of the rivers and tidal currents? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad292f0d7d075001a429ad5 | Rhine | The Rhine-Meuse Delta is a tidal delta, shaped not only by the sedimentation of the rivers, but also by tidal currents. This meant that high tide formed a serious risk because strong tidal currents could tear huge areas of land into the sea. Before the construction of the Delta Works, tidal influence was palpable up to... | What area was the Delta Works constructed between? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad292f0d7d075001a429ad6 | Rhine | The Rhine-Meuse Delta is a tidal delta, shaped not only by the sedimentation of the rivers, but also by tidal currents. This meant that high tide formed a serious risk because strong tidal currents could tear huge areas of land into the sea. Before the construction of the Delta Works, tidal influence was palpable up to... | What can weak tidal currents do? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad292f0d7d075001a429ad7 | Rhine | The Rhine-Meuse Delta is a tidal delta, shaped not only by the sedimentation of the rivers, but also by tidal currents. This meant that high tide formed a serious risk because strong tidal currents could tear huge areas of land into the sea. Before the construction of the Delta Works, tidal influence was palpable up to... | What produces a lot of sedimentation that flows into the surrounding rivers? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad295d4d7d075001a429afa | Rhine | In southern Europe, the stage was set in the Triassic Period of the Mesozoic Era, with the opening of the Tethys Ocean, between the Eurasian and African tectonic plates, between about 240 MBP and 220 MBP (million years before present). The present Mediterranean Sea descends from this somewhat larger Tethys sea. At abou... | What period closed up the Tethys Ocean? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad295d4d7d075001a429afb | Rhine | In southern Europe, the stage was set in the Triassic Period of the Mesozoic Era, with the opening of the Tethys Ocean, between the Eurasian and African tectonic plates, between about 240 MBP and 220 MBP (million years before present). The present Mediterranean Sea descends from this somewhat larger Tethys sea. At abou... | During what period was southern Europe discovered? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad295d4d7d075001a429afc | Rhine | In southern Europe, the stage was set in the Triassic Period of the Mesozoic Era, with the opening of the Tethys Ocean, between the Eurasian and African tectonic plates, between about 240 MBP and 220 MBP (million years before present). The present Mediterranean Sea descends from this somewhat larger Tethys sea. At abou... | When did the Jurassic Period end? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad295d4d7d075001a429afd | Rhine | In southern Europe, the stage was set in the Triassic Period of the Mesozoic Era, with the opening of the Tethys Ocean, between the Eurasian and African tectonic plates, between about 240 MBP and 220 MBP (million years before present). The present Mediterranean Sea descends from this somewhat larger Tethys sea. At abou... | During what period was the Tethys floor discovered? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad295d4d7d075001a429afe | Rhine | In southern Europe, the stage was set in the Triassic Period of the Mesozoic Era, with the opening of the Tethys Ocean, between the Eurasian and African tectonic plates, between about 240 MBP and 220 MBP (million years before present). The present Mediterranean Sea descends from this somewhat larger Tethys sea. At abou... | Between which years did the Mediterranean Sea flow into the Tethys sea? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad297dbd7d075001a429b2a | Rhine | From the Eocene onwards, the ongoing Alpine orogeny caused a N–S rift system to develop in this zone. The main elements of this rift are the Upper Rhine Graben, in southwest Germany and eastern France and the Lower Rhine Embayment, in northwest Germany and the southeastern Netherlands. By the time of the Miocene, a riv... | What drained the southern flanks of the Alps? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad297dbd7d075001a429b2b | Rhine | From the Eocene onwards, the ongoing Alpine orogeny caused a N–S rift system to develop in this zone. The main elements of this rift are the Upper Rhine Graben, in southwest Germany and eastern France and the Lower Rhine Embayment, in northwest Germany and the southeastern Netherlands. By the time of the Miocene, a riv... | What continued southward and is also considered the first Rhine river? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad297dbd7d075001a429b2c | Rhine | From the Eocene onwards, the ongoing Alpine orogeny caused a N–S rift system to develop in this zone. The main elements of this rift are the Upper Rhine Graben, in southwest Germany and eastern France and the Lower Rhine Embayment, in northwest Germany and the southeastern Netherlands. By the time of the Miocene, a riv... | What did the ongoing Alpine orogeny cause before the Eocene? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad297dbd7d075001a429b2d | Rhine | From the Eocene onwards, the ongoing Alpine orogeny caused a N–S rift system to develop in this zone. The main elements of this rift are the Upper Rhine Graben, in southwest Germany and eastern France and the Lower Rhine Embayment, in northwest Germany and the southeastern Netherlands. By the time of the Miocene, a riv... | During what period did the Alpine orogeny end? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad2990cd7d075001a429b5e | Rhine | Through stream capture, the Rhine extended its watershed southward. By the Pliocene period, the Rhine had captured streams down to the Vosges Mountains, including the Mosel, the Main and the Neckar. The northern Alps were then drained by the Rhone. By the early Pleistocene period, the Rhine had captured most of its cur... | What caused the Rhine to extend its watershed northward? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad2990cd7d075001a429b5f | Rhine | Through stream capture, the Rhine extended its watershed southward. By the Pliocene period, the Rhine had captured streams down to the Vosges Mountains, including the Mosel, the Main and the Neckar. The northern Alps were then drained by the Rhone. By the early Pleistocene period, the Rhine had captured most of its cur... | When were the Vosges Mountains captured by the Rhine? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad2990cd7d075001a429b60 | Rhine | Through stream capture, the Rhine extended its watershed southward. By the Pliocene period, the Rhine had captured streams down to the Vosges Mountains, including the Mosel, the Main and the Neckar. The northern Alps were then drained by the Rhone. By the early Pleistocene period, the Rhine had captured most of its cur... | What were the northern Alps flooded by? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad2990cd7d075001a429b61 | Rhine | Through stream capture, the Rhine extended its watershed southward. By the Pliocene period, the Rhine had captured streams down to the Vosges Mountains, including the Mosel, the Main and the Neckar. The northern Alps were then drained by the Rhone. By the early Pleistocene period, the Rhine had captured most of its cur... | What captured the Vosges Mountains? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad2990cd7d075001a429b62 | Rhine | Through stream capture, the Rhine extended its watershed southward. By the Pliocene period, the Rhine had captured streams down to the Vosges Mountains, including the Mosel, the Main and the Neckar. The northern Alps were then drained by the Rhone. By the early Pleistocene period, the Rhine had captured most of its cur... | What mountain range contains Lake Constance? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad29b43d7d075001a429bca | Rhine | Around 2.5 million years ago (ending 11,600 years ago) was the geological period of the Ice Ages. Since approximately 600,000 years ago, six major Ice Ages have occurred, in which sea level dropped 120 m (390 ft) and much of the continental margins became exposed. In the Early Pleistocene, the Rhine followed a course t... | How long did the Ice Ages last? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad29b43d7d075001a429bcb | Rhine | Around 2.5 million years ago (ending 11,600 years ago) was the geological period of the Ice Ages. Since approximately 600,000 years ago, six major Ice Ages have occurred, in which sea level dropped 120 m (390 ft) and much of the continental margins became exposed. In the Early Pleistocene, the Rhine followed a course t... | How high did the sea level rise during the ice ages? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad29b43d7d075001a429bcc | Rhine | Around 2.5 million years ago (ending 11,600 years ago) was the geological period of the Ice Ages. Since approximately 600,000 years ago, six major Ice Ages have occurred, in which sea level dropped 120 m (390 ft) and much of the continental margins became exposed. In the Early Pleistocene, the Rhine followed a course t... | When did the Rhine travel southwest into the North Sea? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad29b43d7d075001a429bcd | Rhine | Around 2.5 million years ago (ending 11,600 years ago) was the geological period of the Ice Ages. Since approximately 600,000 years ago, six major Ice Ages have occurred, in which sea level dropped 120 m (390 ft) and much of the continental margins became exposed. In the Early Pleistocene, the Rhine followed a course t... | What country is the English Channel located in? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad29d35d7d075001a429c12 | Rhine | The last glacial ran from ~74,000 (BP = Before Present), until the end of the Pleistocene (~11,600 BP). In northwest Europe, it saw two very cold phases, peaking around 70,000 BP and around 29,000–24,000 BP. The last phase slightly predates the global last ice age maximum (Last Glacial Maximum). During this time, the l... | When did the the Pleistocene begin? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad29d35d7d075001a429c13 | Rhine | The last glacial ran from ~74,000 (BP = Before Present), until the end of the Pleistocene (~11,600 BP). In northwest Europe, it saw two very cold phases, peaking around 70,000 BP and around 29,000–24,000 BP. The last phase slightly predates the global last ice age maximum (Last Glacial Maximum). During this time, the l... | When did the Last Glacial Maximum peak? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad29d35d7d075001a429c14 | Rhine | The last glacial ran from ~74,000 (BP = Before Present), until the end of the Pleistocene (~11,600 BP). In northwest Europe, it saw two very cold phases, peaking around 70,000 BP and around 29,000–24,000 BP. The last phase slightly predates the global last ice age maximum (Last Glacial Maximum). During this time, the l... | What does the Atlantic Ocean flow into? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad29d35d7d075001a429c15 | Rhine | The last glacial ran from ~74,000 (BP = Before Present), until the end of the Pleistocene (~11,600 BP). In northwest Europe, it saw two very cold phases, peaking around 70,000 BP and around 29,000–24,000 BP. The last phase slightly predates the global last ice age maximum (Last Glacial Maximum). During this time, the l... | What is the sea level of the Irish Channel? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad29d35d7d075001a429c16 | Rhine | The last glacial ran from ~74,000 (BP = Before Present), until the end of the Pleistocene (~11,600 BP). In northwest Europe, it saw two very cold phases, peaking around 70,000 BP and around 29,000–24,000 BP. The last phase slightly predates the global last ice age maximum (Last Glacial Maximum). During this time, the l... | What is the sea level of the English Channel? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad29f7ed7d075001a429c72 | Rhine | Most of the Rhine's current course was not under the ice during the last Ice Age; although, its source must still have been a glacier. A tundra, with Ice Age flora and fauna, stretched across middle Europe, from Asia to the Atlantic Ocean. Such was the case during the Last Glacial Maximum, ca. 22,000–14,000 yr BP, when... | What was the source of the Rhine during the current last Ice Age? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad29f7ed7d075001a429c73 | Rhine | Most of the Rhine's current course was not under the ice during the last Ice Age; although, its source must still have been a glacier. A tundra, with Ice Age flora and fauna, stretched across middle Europe, from Asia to the Atlantic Ocean. Such was the case during the Last Glacial Maximum, ca. 22,000–14,000 yr BP, when... | What flowed through the tundra? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad29f7ed7d075001a429c74 | Rhine | Most of the Rhine's current course was not under the ice during the last Ice Age; although, its source must still have been a glacier. A tundra, with Ice Age flora and fauna, stretched across middle Europe, from Asia to the Atlantic Ocean. Such was the case during the Last Glacial Maximum, ca. 22,000–14,000 yr BP, when... | When did ice-sheets cover Asia? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad29f7ed7d075001a429c75 | Rhine | Most of the Rhine's current course was not under the ice during the last Ice Age; although, its source must still have been a glacier. A tundra, with Ice Age flora and fauna, stretched across middle Europe, from Asia to the Atlantic Ocean. Such was the case during the Last Glacial Maximum, ca. 22,000–14,000 yr BP, when... | When were the Alps formed? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad2a15ad7d075001a429cc8 | Rhine | As northwest Europe slowly began to warm up from 22,000 years ago onward, frozen subsoil and expanded alpine glaciers began to thaw and fall-winter snow covers melted in spring. Much of the discharge was routed to the Rhine and its downstream extension. Rapid warming and changes of vegetation, to open forest, began abo... | How many years did it take for the frozen subsoil to warm up? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad2a15ad7d075001a429cc9 | Rhine | As northwest Europe slowly began to warm up from 22,000 years ago onward, frozen subsoil and expanded alpine glaciers began to thaw and fall-winter snow covers melted in spring. Much of the discharge was routed to the Rhine and its downstream extension. Rapid warming and changes of vegetation, to open forest, began abo... | How many years did it take for the Spring snow covers to melt? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad2a15ad7d075001a429cca | Rhine | As northwest Europe slowly began to warm up from 22,000 years ago onward, frozen subsoil and expanded alpine glaciers began to thaw and fall-winter snow covers melted in spring. Much of the discharge was routed to the Rhine and its downstream extension. Rapid warming and changes of vegetation, to open forest, began abo... | What did the Rhine help to expand? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
5ad2a15ad7d075001a429ccb | Rhine | As northwest Europe slowly began to warm up from 22,000 years ago onward, frozen subsoil and expanded alpine glaciers began to thaw and fall-winter snow covers melted in spring. Much of the discharge was routed to the Rhine and its downstream extension. Rapid warming and changes of vegetation, to open forest, began abo... | What exposed the former coasts of Europe? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.