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The completed core snRNP-snurportin 1 complex is transported into the nucleus via the protein importin β. Inside the nucleus, the core snRNPs appear in the Cajal bodies, where final assembly of the snRNPs take place. This consists of additional proteins and other modifications specific to the particular snRNP (U1, U2... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The Geochemical Society presents the following annual awards:
*V. M. Goldschmidt Award – the society's highest honor, it is awarded for major achievements in geochemistry or cosmochemistry.
*F.W. Clarke Medal – named after Frank Wigglesworth Clarke (1847–1931), a chemist who determined the composition of the Eart... | 9 | Geochemistry |
Quinones methides are commonly invoked in biochemistry, but are rarely observed as long-lived intermediates. | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Woollins' reagent is commercially available. It can also be conveniently prepared in the laboratory by heating a mixture of dichlorophenylphosphine and sodium selenide (NaSe), (itself prepared from reacting elementary selenium with sodium in liquid ammonia). An alternative synthesis is the reaction of the pentamer (PPh... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
The Bay is well-known for its seafood, especially blue crabs, clams, and oysters. In the middle of the 20th century, the Bay supported 9,000 full-time watermen, according to one account. Today, the body of water is less productive than it used to be because of runoff from urban areas (mostly on the Western Shore) and f... | 2 | Environmental Chemistry |
In the first enantioselective synthesis of (+)-Griseofulvin, a potent antifungal agent, a Curtin–Hammett situation was observed. A key step in the synthesis is the rhodium-catalyzed formation of an oxonium ylide, which then undergoes a [2,3] sigmatropic rearrangement en route to the desired product. However, the substr... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Compared to normal analyses methods, microanalysis:
* Can resolve fine-scale variations in chemical elements.
* Can be used to identify the presence and distribution of different phases in materials.
* Requires less sample material and therefore can provide information on microscopic objects. | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Starch granules are very common in chloroplasts, typically taking up 15% of the organelle's volume, though in some other plastids like amyloplasts, they can be big enough to distort the shape of the organelle. Starch granules are simply accumulations of starch in the stroma, and are not bounded by a membrane.
Starch gr... | 5 | Photochemistry |
In the mid-20th century, prior to the development of solid state components such as Zener diodes, voltage regulation in circuits was often accomplished with voltage-regulator tubes, which used glow discharge. | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Glycerate 3-phosphate (formed from 3-phosphoglycerate) is also a precursor for serine, which, in turn, can create cysteine and glycine through the homocysteine cycle. | 5 | Photochemistry |
* Complexity of library construction - this technology requires high molecular DNA preparation in order to produce long enough DNA molecules for sequencing.
* Limitations in read length may result in limited haplotype resolution, which could reduce the efficacy of this technology in highly complex genomic regions. | 1 | Biochemistry |
Senapathy analyzed the distribution of the ORF lengths in computer-generated random DNA sequences first. Surprisingly, this study revealed that about 200 codons (600 bases) was the upper limit in ORF lengths. The shortest ORF (zero base in length) was the most frequent. At increasing lengths of ORFs, their frequency de... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Failing home septic systems can allow coliforms in the effluent to flow into the water table, aquifers, drainage ditches and nearby surface waters. Sewage connections that are connected to storm drain pipes can also allow human sewage into surface waters. Some older industrial cities, particularly in the Northeast an... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Modafinil, a eugeroic or wakefulness-promoting drug, is primarily used for treating narcolepsy, a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden sleep attacks. Being a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant (psychostimulant) itself, modafinil has lower addictive potential than classical psychos... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
Table of the wallpaper groups using the classification of the 2-dimensional space groups:
For each geometric class, the possible arithmetic classes are
* None: no reflection lines
* Along: reflection lines along lattice directions
* Between: reflection lines halfway in between lattice directions
* Both: reflection line... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
Although the passage of food into the gastrointestinal tract results in increased blood flow to the stomach and intestines, this is achieved by diversion of blood primarily from skeletal muscle tissue and by increasing the volume of blood pumped forward by the heart each minute. The flow of oxygen and blood to the brai... | 1 | Biochemistry |
UV-A presents a potential hazard when eyes and skin are exposed, especially to high power sources. According to the World Health Organization, UV-A is responsible for the initial tanning of skin and it contributes to skin ageing and wrinkling. UV-A may also contribute to the progression of skin cancers. Additionally, U... | 5 | Photochemistry |
A frequency comb or spectral comb is a spectrum made of discrete and regularly spaced spectral lines.
In optics, a frequency comb can be generated by certain laser sources.
A number of mechanisms exist for obtaining an optical frequency comb, including periodic modulation (in amplitude and/or phase) of a continuous-wa... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
During the early 1800s, consumers preserved their food by storing food and ice purchased from ice harvesters in iceboxes. In 1803, Thomas Moore patented a metal-lined butter-storage tub which became the prototype for most iceboxes. These iceboxes were used until nearly 1910 and the technology did not progress. In fact,... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Molybdenum is an essential element in most organisms. It is most notably present in nitrogenase which is an essential part of nitrogen fixation. | 1 | Biochemistry |
This step is very critical and important for any molecular-based technique since it ensures that the small RNA fragments found in the samples to be analyzed are characterized by a good level of purity and quality. There are different purification methods that can be used, based on the purposes of the experiment:
* aci... | 1 | Biochemistry |
These processes consist of an annular furnace in which iron ore mixed with coal is circulated. Hot reducing gases flow over, and sometimes through, the charge. The ore is deposited on a tray, or carts, rotating slowly in the furnace. After one rotation, the ore is reduced; it is then discharged and replaced by oxidized... | 8 | Metallurgy |
The carboxy-terminal domain is also the binding site for spliceosome factors that are part of RNA splicing. These allow for the splicing and removal of introns (in the form of a lariat structure) during RNA transcription. | 1 | Biochemistry |
Hydrolysis of boronic esters back to the boronic acid and the alcohol can be accomplished in certain systems with thionyl chloride and pyridine.
Aryl boronic acids or esters may be hydrolyzed to the corresponding phenols by reaction with hydroxylamine at room temperature. | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
The column is a glass or plastic cylinder packed with beads of resin and filled with buffer solution. It is normally mounted vertically with the buffer flowing downward from top to bottom. A glass frit at the bottom of the column retains the resin beads in the column while allowing the buffer and dissolved proteins to ... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Bharat has been awarded many prizes and fellowships. These include a 2018 Vallee Research Scholarship, the 2019 EMBL John Kendrew Award the 2020 Philip Leverhulme Prize for Biological Sciences, the 2021 Eppendorf Award for Young European Investigators, and the 2021 Lister Prize, the 2022 Colworth Medal from the Biochem... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Mutations are modeled as the changes in gene regulation, i.e., the changes of the elements in the regulatory matrix . | 1 | Biochemistry |
The target of a gene gun is often a callus of undifferentiated plant cells or a group of immature embryos growing on gel medium in a Petri dish. After the DNA-coated gold particles have been delivered to the cells, the DNA is used as a template for transcription (transient expression) and sometimes it integrates into a... | 1 | Biochemistry |
About 8,100 plant species use carbon fixation, which represents about 3% of all terrestrial species of plants. All these 8,100 species are angiosperms. carbon fixation is more common in monocots compared with dicots, with 40% of monocots using the pathway, compared with only 4.5% of dicots. Despite this, only three ... | 5 | Photochemistry |
Assisted reproduction via MRT involves preimplantation genetic screening of the mother, preimplantation genetic diagnosis after the egg is fertilized, and in vitro fertilization. It has all the risks of those procedures.
In addition, both procedures used in MRT entail their own risks. On one level, the procedures physi... | 1 | Biochemistry |
DTDP-glucose goes on to form a variety of compounds in nucleotide sugars metabolism. Many bacteria utilize dTDP-glucose to form exotic sugars that are incorporated into their lipopolysaccharides or into secondary metabolites such as antibiotics. During the syntheses of many of these exotic sugars, dTDP-glucose undergoe... | 1 | Biochemistry |
In 1990, researchers identified the first HIV bNAb, far more powerful than any antibody seen before. They described the exact viral component, or epitope that triggered the antibody. Six amino acids at the tip of HIV's surface protein, gp120, were responsible. The first bNAb turned out to be clinically irrelevant, but ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
If an initially isolated physical system, without internal walls that establish adiabatically isolated subsystems, is left long enough, it will usually reach a state of thermal equilibrium in itself, in which its temperature will be uniform throughout, but not necessarily a state of thermodynamic equilibrium, if there ... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), also known as methyl mesylate, is an alkylating agent and a carcinogen. It is also a suspected reproductive toxicant, and may also be a skin/sense organ toxicant. It is used in cancer treatment. | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
The most well-known example of a coarctate transition state is that of the epoxidation of an olefin by dimethyldioxirane. In this transition state, the oxygen atom transferred to the olefin forms a cycle with the acetone leaving group and a cycle with the olefin undergoing epoxidation. Another well-studied reaction i... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Excitatory amino acid receptor ligands are ligands of excitatory amino acid receptors (EAARs), also known as glutamate receptors. They include excitatory amino acid receptor agonists and excitatory amino acid receptor antagonists. | 1 | Biochemistry |
In Australia, the average age of women undergoing ART treatment is 35.5 years among those using their own eggs (one in four being 40 or older) and 40.5 years among those using donated eggs. While IVF is available in Australia, Australians using IVF are unable to choose their baby's gender. | 1 | Biochemistry |
Comex provides sorting technologies for mining industries using multi-sensory solution integrated in the same sorting units, like X-ray, hyper-spectral IR and color optical sensors and 3D cameras, which can be very effective in identifying and sorting of various mineral particles. Integration of AI models for sensor da... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
The Freundlich isotherm is the most important multi-site adsorption isotherm for rough surfaces.
where α and C are fitting parameters. This equation implies that if one makes a log–log plot of adsorption data, the data will fit a straight line. The Freundlich isotherm has two parameters, while Langmuirs equations has o... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Communist party Chairman Mao Zedong disdained the cities and put his faith in the Chinese peasantry for a Great Leap Forward. Mao saw steel production as the key to overnight economic modernization, promising that within 15 years China's steel production would surpass that of Britain. In 1958 he decided that steel prod... | 8 | Metallurgy |
Elementary modes may be considered minimal realizable flow patterns through a biochemical network that can sustain a steady state. This means that elementary modes cannot be decomposed further into simpler pathways. All possible flows through a network can be constructed from linear combinations of the elementary modes... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Classical thermodynamics is the description of the states of thermodynamic systems at near-equilibrium, that uses macroscopic, measurable properties. It is used to model exchanges of energy, work and heat based on the laws of thermodynamics. The qualifier classical reflects the fact that it represents the first level o... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The application of kinetic theory to ideal gases makes the following assumptions:
* The gas consists of very small particles. This smallness of their size is such that the sum of the volume of the individual gas molecules is negligible compared to the volume of the container of the gas. This is equivalent to stating th... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
In humans, there are three genes in the Akt family: AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3. These enzymes are members of the serine/threonine-specific protein kinase family ().
Akt1 is involved in cellular survival pathways and inhibition of apoptotic processes. Akt1 is also able to induce protein synthesis pathways, and is therefore ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Physically based models (sometimes known as deterministic, comprehensive or process-based models) try to represent the physical processes observed in the real world. Typically, such models contain representations of surface runoff, subsurface flow, evapotranspiration, and channel flow, but they can be far more complica... | 2 | Environmental Chemistry |
In the case of step-growth polymerisation of monomers carrying functional groups of the same type (so called polymerisation) the degree distribution is given by: where is bond conversion, is the average functionality, and is the initial fractions of monomers of functionality . In the later expression unit reaction... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
When an antigen-presenting cell interacts with a T cell receptor on T cells, there is an increase in the cytoplasmic level of calcium, which activates calcineurin by binding a regulatory subunit and activating calmodulin binding. Calcineurin induces transcription factors (NFATs) that are important in the transcription ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The analytical pipeline for preparation of sample material for Zn isotope measurements is similar to that of Cu, consisting of digestion of host material or concentration from seawater, isolation and purification via anion-exchange chromatography, removal of ions of interfering mass (in particular, Ni) and isotope meas... | 9 | Geochemistry |
*Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs): when derived from methane and ethane these compounds have the formulae CClF and CClF, where m is nonzero.
*Hydro-chlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs): when derived from methane and ethane these compounds have the formula CClFH and CClFH, where m, n, x, and y are nonzero.
* and bromofluorocarbons hav... | 2 | Environmental Chemistry |
* adenylosuccinate synthase converts IMP to adenylosuccinate
* adenylosuccinate lyase converts adenylosuccinate into AMP
* AMP deaminase converts AMP back into IMP | 1 | Biochemistry |
Light alone does not rapidly degrade methyl violet, but the process is accelerated upon the addition of large band-gap semiconductors, TiO or ZnO. | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
In organic chemistry, a methiodide is a chemical derivative produced by the reaction of a compound with methyl iodide. Methiodides are often formed through the methylation of tertiary amines:
: RN + CHI → (CH)RNI
Whereas the parent amines are hydrophobic and often oily, methiodides, being salts, are somewhat hydrophil... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Biotechnology,
Bioluminescence,
Molecular chemistry,
Enzymatic chemistry,
Genetic engineering,
Pharmaceuticals,
Endocrinology,
Neurochemistry,
Hematology,
Nutrition,
Photosynthesis,
Environmental,
Toxicology | 1 | Biochemistry |
* 2015 (forthcoming) Providence, RI, September 27-October 2, 2015
* 2014 (forthcoming) Reno, NV, September 28-October 3, 2014
* 2013 (forthcoming) Milwaukee, WI, September 29-October 3, 2013, which will be the 40th annual meeting of the FACSS organization
* 2012 - Kansas City, MO
* 2011 - Reno, NV
*2010 - Raleigh, N... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Glycoside hydrolases are predicted to gain increasing roles as catalysts in biorefining
applications in the future bioeconomy. These enzymes have a variety of uses including degradation of plant materials (e.g., cellulases for degrading cellulose to glucose, which can be used for ethanol production), in the food indu... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Much research has been conducted on the discovery of catalysts for nitrogen fixation, often with the goal of lowering energy requirements. However, such research has thus far failed to approach the efficiency and ease of the Haber process. Many compounds react with atmospheric nitrogen to give dinitrogen complexes. The... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Overdose of levonorgestrel as an emergency contraceptive has not been described. Nausea and vomiting might be expected. | 4 | Stereochemistry |
Photosensitizers are dye compounds that absorb the photons from incoming light and eject electrons, producing an electric current that can be used to power a device or a storage unit. According to a new study performed by Michael Grätzel and fellow scientist Anders Hagfeldt, advances in photosensitizers have resulted i... | 5 | Photochemistry |
As the world attempts to move towards a low-carbon economy, the technique of using carbon capture by using carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is gaining attention and research being done. Using carbon dioxide in PUD production is being researched. High bio-based content is similarly prized. Coating materials that are v... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The Henry volatility can also be expressed as the dimensionless ratio between the gas-phase concentration of a species and its aqueous-phase concentration
In chemical engineering and environmental chemistry, this dimensionless constant is often called the air–water partitioning coefficient | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
In statistical mechanics, a semi-classical derivation of entropy that does not take into account the indistinguishability of particles yields an expression for entropy which is not extensive (is not proportional to the amount of substance in question). This leads to a paradox known as the Gibbs paradox, after Josiah W... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Thallium(III) nitrate, also known as thallic nitrate, is a thallium compound with chemical formula Tl(NO). It is normally found as the trihydrate. It is a colorless and highly toxic salt. It is a strong oxidizing agent useful in organic synthesis. Among its many transformations, it oxidizes methoxyl phenols to quinone... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Translation in plants is tightly regulated as in animals, however, it is not as well understood as transcriptional regulation. There are several levels of regulation including translation initiation, mRNA turnover and ribosome loading. Recent studies have shown that translation is also under the control of the circadia... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Many problems in molecular reaction dynamics demand the simultaneous measurement of a particle's speed and angular direction; the most demanding require the measurement of this velocity in coincidence with internal energy. Studies of molecular reactions, energy transfer processes and photodissociation can only be under... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
*Patricia A. M. Huntington. [http://www.meteorman.org/Cape%20York.pdf Robert E Peary and the Cape York meteorites] | 8 | Metallurgy |
Another theory suggests that alarm signals function to attract further predators, which fight over the prey organism, giving it a better chance of escape. Others still suggest they are a deterrent to predators, communicating the preys alertness to the predator. One such case is the western swamphen (Porphyrio porphyrio... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Exemestane is indicated for the adjuvant treatment of postmenopausal women with estrogen-receptor positive early breast cancer who have received two to three years of tamoxifen and are switched to it for completion of a total of five consecutive years of adjuvant hormonal therapy.
US FDA approval was in October 1999.
E... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
Classical thermodynamics deals with states of dynamic equilibrium. The state of a system at thermodynamic equilibrium is the one for which some thermodynamic potential is minimized (in the absence of an applied voltage), or for which the entropy (S) is maximized, for specified conditions. One such potential is the Helm... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
This involves sampling first onto a sorbent tube. The most widely used tubes are those following the pattern laid out by WG5 (see above). After sampling (for which a variety of accessories are available), the tube is desorbed to transfer the analytes to the focusing trap before the second desorption stage transfers the... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
The advantage of TEC-RED over SAGE is that no restriction endonuclease is needed for the initial linker binding. This prevents bias associated with restriction site sequences that will be missing from some genes, as is seen in SAGE. The ability to have a snapshot of specific RNA isoforms allows the deduction of differe... | 1 | Biochemistry |
For polymers and polymer complexes that are monodisperse () as determined by static light scattering, a Zimm plot is a conventional means of deriving the parameters such as R, molecular mass M and the second virial coefficient A.
One must note that if the material constant K is not implemented, a Zimm plot will only yi... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
According to labeling experiments carried out in 1997, ammonium is biologically oxidized by hydroxylamine, most likely derived from nitrite, as the probable electron acceptor. The conversion of hydrazine to dinitrogen gas is hypothesized to be the reaction that generates the electron equivalents for the reduction of n... | 1 | Biochemistry |
In a centrosymmetric ligand field, such as in octahedral complexes of transition metals, the arrangement of electrons in the d-orbital is not only limited by electron repulsion energy, but it is also related to the splitting of the orbitals due to the ligand field. This leads to many more electron configuration states ... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
In the process of bluing, an oxidizing chemical reaction on an iron surface selectively forms magnetite (FeO), the black oxide of iron (as opposed to rust, the red oxide of iron (FeO)). Black oxide provides some protection against corrosion if also treated with a water-displacing oil to reduce wetting and galvanic acti... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Microscopic simulation methods work directly with the equations of motion (classical or quantum) of the constituent molecules. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Hexamethylenetetramine was discovered by Aleksandr Butlerov in 1859.
It is prepared industrially by combining formaldehyde and ammonia:
The reaction can be conducted in gas phase and in solution.
The molecule has a tetrahedral cage-like structure, similar to adamantane. Four vertices are occupied by nitrogen atoms, whi... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
The terms nucleophile and electrophile were introduced by Christopher Kelk Ingold in 1933, replacing the terms anionoid and cationoid proposed earlier by A. J. Lapworth in 1925. The word nucleophile is derived from nucleus and the Greek word φιλος, philos, meaning friend. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Base excess beyond the reference range indicates
* metabolic alkalosis, or respiratory acidosis with renal compensation if too high (more than +2 mEq/L)
* metabolic acidosis, or respiratory alkalosis with renal compensation if too low (less than −2 mEq/L)
Blood pH is determined by both a metabolic component, measured b... | 1 | Biochemistry |
There are multiple approaches to measuring a persons exposure to pesticides, each of which provides an estimate of an individuals internal dose. Two broad approaches include measuring biomarkers and markers of biological effect. The former involves taking direct measurement of the parent compound or its metabolites in ... | 2 | Environmental Chemistry |
In the two examples (on the right) the isoelectric point is shown by the green vertical line. In glycine the pK values are separated by nearly 7 units. Thus in the gas phase, the concentration of the neutral species, glycine (GlyH), is effectively 100% of the analytical glycine concentration. Glycine may exist as a zwi... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The quenching process produces a high strength bar from inexpensive low carbon steel. The process quenches the surface layer of the bar, which pressurizes and deforms the crystal structure of intermediate layers, and simultaneously begins to temper the quenched layers using the heat from the bar's core.
Steel billets 1... | 8 | Metallurgy |
Alkylation with geminal dihalides gives 1,3-dithiepanes. Oxidation gives the cyclic disulfide 1,2-dithiane:
It forms self-assembled monolayers on gold.
It is also used in polyadditions along with 1,4-butanediol to form sulfur-containing polyester and polyurethanes containing diisocyanate. Several of these polymers are... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Using the dielectric formalism, the IMFP can be calculated by solving the following integral:
with the minimum (maximum) energy loss (), the dielectric function , the energy loss function (ELF) and the smallest and largest momentum transfer . In general, solving this integral is quite challenging and only applies fo... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
At GABAergic synapses, the cycle is called the GABA-glutamine cycle. Here the glutamine taken up by neurons is converted to glutamate, which is then metabolized into GABA by glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). Upon release, GABA is taken up into astrocytes via GABA transporters and then catabolized into succinate by the joi... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Electroporation, or electropermeabilization, is a technique in which an electrical field is applied to cells in order to increase the permeability of the cell membrane. This may allow chemicals, drugs, electrode arrays or DNA to be introduced into the cell (also called electrotransfer).
In microbiology, the process of ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
A galvanic cell or voltaic cell, named after the scientists Luigi Galvani and Alessandro Volta, respectively, is an electrochemical cell in which an electric current is generated from spontaneous oxidation–reduction reactions. A common apparatus generally consists of two different metals, each immersed in separate beak... | 8 | Metallurgy |
There are many types of titrations with different procedures and goals. The most common types of qualitative titration are acid–base titrations and redox titrations. | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
For the past years, researchers have been trying to reduce the price of solar cells while maximizing efficiency. Thin-film solar cell is a cost-effective second generation solar cell with much reduced thickness at the expense of light absorption efficiency. Efforts to maximize light absorption efficiency with reduced t... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Biomolecular Adsorption Database (BAD) is a freely available online database with experimental protein adsorption data collected from the literature.
The database can be used for the selection of materials for microfluidic device fabrication and for the selection of optimum operating conditions of lab-on-a-chip devices... | 1 | Biochemistry |
A magneto-optical trap (MOT) is commonly used for cooling and trapping a substance by Doppler cooling. In the process of Doppler cooling, the red detuned light would be absorbed by atoms from one certain direction and re-emitted in a random direction. The electrons of the atoms would decay to an alternative ground stat... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Typically, the rearrangement is carried out just after the formation of the divinylcyclopropane, in the same pot. Heating is sometimes necessary, particularly for trans substrates, which must undergo epimerization prior to rearrangement. With enough energy to surmount activation barriers, however, the isomerization is ... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
In materials science, environmental stress fracture or environment assisted fracture is the generic name given to premature failure under the influence of tensile stresses and harmful environments of materials such as metals and alloys, composites, plastics and ceramics.
Metals and alloys exhibit phenomena such as str... | 8 | Metallurgy |
In genetics, a super-enhancer is a region of the mammalian genome comprising multiple enhancers that is collectively bound by an array of transcription factor proteins to drive transcription of genes involved in cell identity. Because super-enhancers are frequently identified near genes important for controlling and d... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The human interactome is the set of protein–protein interactions (the interactome) that occur in human cells. The sequencing of reference genomes, in particular the Human Genome Project, has revolutionized human genetics, molecular biology, and clinical medicine. Genome-wide association study results have led to the as... | 1 | Biochemistry |
β-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (β-MSH) is an endogenous peptide hormone and neuropeptide. It is a melanocortin, specifically, one of the three types of melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), and is produced from proopiomelanocortin (POMC). It is an agonist of the MC, MC, MC, and MC receptors.
β-MSH is artificially gen... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1) also known as alternative splicing factor 1 (ASF1), pre-mRNA-splicing factor SF2 (SF2) or ASF1/SF2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SRSF1 gene. ASF/SF2 is an essential sequence specific splicing factor involved in pre-mRNA splicing. SRSF1 is the gene that code... | 1 | Biochemistry |
A bloomery is a type of metallurgical furnace once used widely for smelting iron from its oxides. The bloomery was the earliest form of smelter capable of smelting iron. Bloomeries produce a porous mass of iron and slag called a bloom. The mix of slag and iron in the bloom, termed sponge iron, is usually consolidate... | 8 | Metallurgy |
BioModels is composed of several branches. The curated branch hosts models that are well curated and annotated. The non-curated-branch provides models that are still not curated, are non-curatable (spatial models, steady-state models etc.), or too huge to be curated. Non-curated models can be later moved into the curat... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Sortilin is required for many apoptosis-promoting p75NTR reactions, functioning as a co-receptor for the binding of neurotrophins such as BDNF. pro-neurotrophins (such as proBDNF) bind especially well to p75NTR when sortilin is present. | 1 | Biochemistry |
VIM is used in particular for producing alloys with melting points beyond those practical for other kinds of melting. Nickel, nickel-iron, and superalloys are frequently produced using this process. The VIM process is often used for small batch sizes and allows for a high level of control over the composition of the al... | 8 | Metallurgy |
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